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Ethiopic · Prayer ·

Excerpts from the Book of Isaiah followed by a series of eulogies.

Anonymous · betmas

BothSourceEnglish
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machine-draft · no human review 2 passages · 399 words

Work dossier · summary and historical context

Summary

This work is an anonymous Ethiopic liturgical compilation that combines excerpts from the Book of Isaiah with a series of eulogies. Preserved in Geʿez, it likely functioned as a prayer or communal lament within Ethiopian Christian worship. The text includes the Trisagion, references to Zion, and pleas for deliverance, suggesting a post-biblical, possibly Aksumite or medieval context. The source edition (betmas) is modern, but the underlying manuscript tradition is unspecified. The work is known from multiple institutional records (e.g., Harvard's Hollis), yet its broader liturgical use remains undocumented. Its composition date is unknown, though the Geʿez tradition points to a medieval or early modern origin.

This work illustrates how Ethiopian Christianity adapted biblical texts for liturgical prayer, blending scriptural excerpts with original eulogies. Its lament over Zion and use of the Trisagion connect it to broader Christian liturgical traditions while reflecting local concerns. It provides insight into the devotional life of Ethiopian communities, though its anonymity and uncertain dating limit its historical specificity.

Historical context

The work is anonymous and undated, but its Geʿez language and liturgical character place it within the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo tradition, which developed from the Aksumite period (4th c. CE) onward. The combination of Isaiah excerpts with eulogies suggests a compilation for communal prayer, possibly in a monastic or cathedral setting. The lament over Zion and scattered children may reflect historical trauma, such as the decline of Aksum or later conflicts. The Trisagion and the phrase 'daughter of Zion' echo biblical and liturgical sources, indicating a synthesis of scriptural and local traditions. The work's transmission is unclear; it survives in modern editions but lacks a known manuscript lineage. Its preservation in multiple Hollis records suggests it was part of institutional collections, but its original community and use are speculative.

Apparatus · what the pipeline recorded

Annotation and terms

12 commentary units 2 structure2 scripture2 term2 background2 reception2 caution 0 derived notes 4 open questions 2 narrative
What the kinds mean

Pipeline notes

  • limitThe English is a machine draft produced passage by passage from the transcribed Coptic; no human has verified it. The commentary is model-written and cites only keys the pipeline could resolve.
  • registerRegister: prayer in Geʿez; the English keeps the liturgical formulae and the vocatives rather than normalising them.
  • structurePassages: 2 narrative.
  • sourceSource edition: betmas — CC BY-SA 4.0 (per file); site footer states NC-SA - treat as NC

Term index

CopticRenderingCountFirst
no glossary terms recorded
LIT7559PrayerBE:1 · narrativemedium
Source
The text follows 230–232 . ይትባረክ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ አምላከ፡ እስራኤል፡ ራእይ፡ ዘርእየ፡ ኢሳይያስ፡ ነቢይ፡ ወልደ፡ አሞጽ፡ ስማዕ፡ ሰማይ፡ ወአጽምዒ፡ ምድር፡ ኅድጉ፡ እከየክሙ፡ ተመሐሩ፡ ገቢረ፡ ሠናይ፡ እፎ፡ ኮነት፡ ዘማ፡ ሀገረ፡ ጽዮን፡ ቃል፡ ዘኮነ፡ ኀበ፡ ኢሳይያስ፡ ወኮነ፡ በደኀሪ፡ መዋዕል፡ አሌላ፡ ለነፍስየ፡ እስመ፡ መከሩ፡ እኩየ፡ እስመ፡ ተዘኀራ፡ አዋልደ፡ ጽዮን፡ ህየንተ፡ መዓዛ፡ ዕድረትከ፡ ሰብለ፡ ይኩንከ፡ አሌሎሙ፡ እለ፡ ይስሕብዎ፡ ለኃጢአት፡ አሌሊት፡ እስመ፡ ኀደጉ፡ ቃለ፡ ትእዘዝከ፡ ብርሃንስ፡ ጸሊም፡ ጸሊምሰ፡ ብርሃን፡ አሌሎሙ፡ እለ፡ ይጽሕፉ፡ እኩየ፡ መጽሐፈ፡ ወነዋ፡ መልአ፡ አማን፡ ቤተ፡ ስብሐቲሁ፡ ሱራፌል፡ ይቀውሙ፡ ዓውዶ፡ ወይብሉ፡ ቅዱስ፡ ቅ፡ ቅ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ ፀባዖት፡ ኢያእመርከኑ፡ ወኢሰማዕከኑ፡ ከመ፡ አምላክ፡ ዐቢይ፡ ዘለዓለም፡ ጻድቅ፡ ማኅየዊ፡ አልቦ፡ ከማከ፡ ስሙ፡ ኢልቡ፡ ርእዩ፡ ትሬእዩ፡ ኢተአምሩ፡ አበውኡ፡ ለዛቲ፡ ሀገር፡ አድኅና፡ በእንቲአየ፡ ወበእንተ፡ ዳዊት፡ ቍልዔየ፡ ኢትንድፍ፡ ውስቴታ፡ አሕፃ፡ አልቦ፡ ዘየአምር፡ ምክሮ፡ ወአልቦ፡ ዘየአምር፡ ሕሊናሁ፡ እስመ፡ ነገረ፡ ግብራ፡ ለመድኀኒትነ፡ እብለ፡ ለጽዮን፡ ተዘከሩ፡ ሣህሎ፡ ለእግዚአብሔር።
English
May the Lord, the God of Israel, be blessed. The vision that Isaiah the prophet, son of Amoz, saw. Hear, O heaven, and make the earth hear. Abandon your evil deeds; learn to do good. How has it become that the city of Zion is desolate? The word that came to Isaiah, and it came at the end of days. Woe is me, for my soul, for they have plotted evil, for the children of Zion have been scattered. Instead of the fragrance of your pasture, may it be a harvest for you. Woe to those who laugh at sin. Woe, for they have abandoned the word of your command. Light is dark, and dark is light. Woe to those who write evil books and fill the house of his praise with lies. The Seraphim stand around him and say, "Holy, holy, holy, Lord of Hosts." Do you know and do you hear that the great and eternal God is righteous, the giver of life? There is none like you. His name is not known. See, you shall see, and be amazed, O fathers of this city. Save me and my children David, and cast out the thorns from within her. There is none who knows his counsel, and there is none who knows his thought, for the matter of his deed is for our salvation. I say to Zion, "Remember the mercy of the Lord.
LIT7559PrayerBE:2 · narrativemedium
Source
ወኵሉ፡ ዕሤቱ፡ ጽድቅ፡ ወትረ፡ ለቤተ፡ እስራኤል፡ እስመ፡ ተዘረከ፡ ዘይትኀሠሥ፡ ደሞሙ፡ ወኢረስዓ፡ አውያቶሙ፡ ለነደያን፡ ግድፊ፡ ጋጋ፡ ክሣድኪ፡ ወለተ፡ ጽዮን፡ ትጼውዓከ፡ ከመዝ፡ ይቤ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ ፅቀቡ፡ ጽድቀ፡ ወርትዓ፡ ከመዝ፡ ይቤ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ ልዑል፡ ዘየኀድር፡ ውስተ፡ አርያም፡ አርትዓ፡ ጠዋየ፡ ኵሎ፡ ወባልሕ፡ ኵሎ፡ ምንዱበ፡ እስመ፡ አነ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ ዘአፈቅር፡ ጽድቀ፡ ወእሁብ፡ ተግባሮሙ፡ ለጻድቃን፡ ደቂቀ፡ ጽዮን፡ ክቡራት፡ ተሣየጡ፡ በወርቅ፡ እስመ፡ አልበሰኒ፡ ልብሰ፡ ሕይወት፡ ወከደነኒ፡ ክዳነ፡ ዕሤት፡ በልዋ፡ ለወለተ፡ ጽዮን፡ ነዋ፡ ንጉሥኪ፡ ዘልብሱ፡ ሠናይ፡ ዘበሥውር፡ ግሩም፡ ወኃያል፡ ይትቀነዩ፡ ሊተ፡ ይበልዑ፡ አንትሙስ፡ ትርኅቡ፡ ይትቀነዩ፡ ሊተ፡ ይሰትዩ፡ ሊተ፡ አንትሙሰ፡
English
And all his grace is righteousness forever for the house of Israel, because he remembered what would be sought: their blood and the wickedness of their ways. Cast away, cast away your neck, O daughter of Zion; you call out to him thus, says the Lord. Their righteousness and their justice are thus, says the Lord Most High, who dwells in the high place. He has established all and consumed all the rebellious, because I am the Lord who loves righteousness, and I give the deeds of the righteous. The children of Zion, honored ones, are adorned with gold, because he clothed me with the garment of life and covered me with the covering of grace. Say to the daughter of Zion: Behold, your king, whose garment is good, who is hidden, magnificent, and mighty, they shall be adorned for me; they shall eat, you shall be amazed; they shall be adorned for me; they shall drink for me, you shall be amazed.
Citation. Tergwame, “Excerpts from the Book of Isaiah followed by a series of eulogies.”, LIT7559PrayerBE:1, machine-draft, 2026. https://naxiai.com/christian/works/LIT7559PrayerBE#s1
Colophon. Source: betmas · licence: CC BY-SA 4.0 (per file); site footer states NC-SA - treat as NC · model: deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash:floor · provider: Relace · cost: $0.0019 · generated 2026-11-15.