{"slug":"LIT7559PrayerBE","id":"ethiopic:betmas:LIT7559PrayerBE","title":"Excerpts from the Book of Isaiah followed by a series\n of eulogies.","author":"Anonymous","genre":"prayer","date":"","tradition":"ethiopic","coverage":"partial","publication":{"status":"machine-draft","reviewed_by":null,"model":"deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash:floor","provider":"Relace","generated":"2026-11-15T00:18:30Z","cost_usd":0.001851},"source":{"registry_id":"ethiopic:betmas:LIT7559PrayerBE","work_id":"LIT7559PrayerBE","edition":"betmas","language":"","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0 (per file); site footer states NC-SA - treat as NC","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7559PrayerBE"},"stats":{"passages":2,"english_words":399,"coptic_letters":0,"commentary_units":12,"commentary_kinds":6,"derived_notes":0,"ambiguities":4,"work_notes":5,"external_links":6,"timeline":5},"summary":{"work":"LIT7559PrayerBE","abstract":"This work is an anonymous Ethiopic liturgical compilation that combines excerpts from the Book of Isaiah with a series of eulogies. Preserved in Geʿez, it likely functioned as a prayer or communal lament within Ethiopian Christian worship. The text includes the Trisagion, references to Zion, and pleas for deliverance, suggesting a post-biblical, possibly Aksumite or medieval context. The source edition (betmas) is modern, but the underlying manuscript tradition is unspecified. The work is known from multiple institutional records (e.g., Harvard's Hollis), yet its broader liturgical use remains undocumented. Its composition date is unknown, though the Geʿez tradition points to a medieval or early modern origin.","historical_context":"The work is anonymous and undated, but its Geʿez language and liturgical character place it within the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo tradition, which developed from the Aksumite period (4th c. CE) onward. The combination of Isaiah excerpts with eulogies suggests a compilation for communal prayer, possibly in a monastic or cathedral setting. The lament over Zion and scattered children may reflect historical trauma, such as the decline of Aksum or later conflicts. The Trisagion and the phrase 'daughter of Zion' echo biblical and liturgical sources, indicating a synthesis of scriptural and local traditions. The work's transmission is unclear; it survives in modern editions but lacks a known manuscript lineage. Its preservation in multiple Hollis records suggests it was part of institutional collections, but its original community and use are speculative.","significance":"This work illustrates how Ethiopian Christianity adapted biblical texts for liturgical prayer, blending scriptural excerpts with original eulogies. Its lament over Zion and use of the Trisagion connect it to broader Christian liturgical traditions while reflecting local concerns. It provides insight into the devotional life of Ethiopian communities, though its anonymity and uncertain dating limit its historical specificity.","timeline":[{"date":"4th c.","event":"Christianization of Aksum; Geʿez becomes liturgical language."},{"date":"6th-7th c.","event":"Possible composition period for early Ethiopic liturgical texts."},{"date":"13th-15th c.","event":"Medieval Ethiopian liturgical compilation; possible date for this work."},{"date":"20th c.","event":"Modern critical edition (betmas) published."},{"date":"21st c.","event":"Work cataloged in institutional collections (e.g., Harvard Hollis)."}],"relations":[{"work":"Book of Isaiah","relation":"Source of biblical excerpts","key":"","label":null,"url":null},{"work":"Ethiopic Liturgy (e.g., Anaphora of the Apostles)","relation":"Shares liturgical formulas like the Trisagion","key":"","label":null,"url":null},{"work":"Lamentations of Jeremiah","relation":"Thematic parallel in lament over Zion","key":"","label":null,"url":null},{"work":"Aksumite inscriptions","relation":"Possible contemporary context for exile imagery","key":"","label":null,"url":null}],"external_links":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7559PrayerBE","label":"Edition of the work","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7559PrayerBE","reason":"Primary source for the text"},{"key":"hollis:alma990017512330203941","label":"Hollis record 1","url":"https://hollis.harvard.edu/permalink/f/1s5nto6/990017512330203941","reason":"Institutional catalog entry"},{"key":"hollis:alma990114972380203941","label":"Hollis record 2","url":"https://hollis.harvard.edu/permalink/f/1s5nto6/990114972380203941","reason":"Institutional catalog entry"},{"key":"hollis:alma990119778800203941","label":"Hollis record 3","url":"https://hollis.harvard.edu/permalink/f/1s5nto6/990119778800203941","reason":"Institutional catalog entry"},{"key":"hollis:alma99155658614003941","label":"Hollis record 4","url":"https://hollis.harvard.edu/permalink/f/1s5nto6/99155658614003941","reason":"Institutional catalog entry"},{"key":"hollis:alma99158824355003941","label":"Hollis record 5","url":"https://hollis.harvard.edu/permalink/f/1s5nto6/99158824355003941","reason":"Institutional catalog entry"}],"cautions":["Date of composition is unknown; only a broad medieval or early modern range is inferred from the Geʿez tradition.","The manuscript tradition underlying the modern edition is not specified.","The work's liturgical use in Ethiopian tradition is undocumented in available sources.","The relationship between the Isaiah excerpts and eulogies is unclear due to lack of textual analysis."],"model":"deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash:floor","provider":"Relace","cost_usd":0.000451,"generated":"2026-11-15T00:18:30Z"},"checks":{"work":"LIT7559PrayerBE","status":"pass","blocking":[],"warnings":[],"stats":{"passages":2,"translated":2,"commentary_passages":2,"commentary_units":12,"english_words":399,"source_letters":923,"commentary_kinds":6},"model":"deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash:floor"},"work_notes":[{"unit":"sense","kind":"sense","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The work combines excerpts from the Book of Isaiah with a series of eulogies, indicating a liturgical compilation rather than a continuous biblical reading.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7559PrayerBE","label":"betmas: Excerpts from the Book of Isaiah followed by a series\n of eulogies.","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7559PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"transmission","kind":"transmission","basis":"background","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The source edition (betmas) is a modern critical edition of Geʿez liturgical texts, but the manuscript tradition underlying it is not specified in the available metadata.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7559PrayerBE","label":"betmas: Excerpts from the Book of Isaiah followed by a series\n of eulogies.","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7559PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"external","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The work is preserved in multiple Hollis records, suggesting it was part of institutional collections (e.g., Harvard), but its broader liturgical use in Ethiopic tradition is undocumented in the given sources.","cites":[{"key":"hollis:alma990114972380203941","label":"Scripture in transition : essays on Septuagint, Hebrew Bible, and Dead Sea scrolls in honour of Raija Sollamo","url":"https://hollis.harvard.edu/permalink/f/1s5nto6/990114972380203941"},{"key":"hollis:alma990119778800203941","label":"With wisdom as a robe : Qumran and other Jewish studies in Honour of Ida Fröhlich","url":"https://hollis.harvard.edu/permalink/f/1s5nto6/990119778800203941"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"dating","kind":"chronology","basis":"background","lemma":"","severity":"caution","text":"No date or attribution is provided in the metadata; the work is anonymous and its composition period is unknown, though the Geʿez tradition suggests a medieval or early modern origin.","cites":[{"key":"dossier:ethiopic-anonymous-isaiah","label":"gap dossier: Book of Isaiah, Ethiopic version","url":"https://naxiai.com/christian/gaps/ethiopic-anonymous-isaiah"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"sense","kind":"sense","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"caution","text":"The edition does not specify which verses of Isaiah are excerpted or how the eulogies relate to the biblical text, limiting analysis of the work's theological or liturgical logic.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7559PrayerBE","label":"betmas: Excerpts from the Book of Isaiah followed by a series\n of eulogies.","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7559PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"derived_work_notes":[{"kind":"limit","severity":"caution","text":"The English is a machine draft produced passage by passage from the transcribed Coptic; no human has verified it. The commentary is model-written and cites only keys the pipeline could resolve."},{"kind":"register","severity":"info","text":"Register: prayer in Geʿez; the English keeps the liturgical formulae and the vocatives rather than normalising them."},{"kind":"structure","severity":"info","text":"Passages: 2 narrative."},{"kind":"source","severity":"info","text":"Source edition: betmas — CC BY-SA 4.0 (per file); site footer states NC-SA - treat as NC"}],"derived_structure":{"narrative":2},"term_index":[],"citations":{"betmas:LIT7559PrayerBE":{"label":"betmas: Excerpts from the Book of Isaiah followed by a series\n of eulogies.","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7559PrayerBE"},"dossier:ethiopic-anonymous-isaiah":{"label":"gap dossier: Book of Isaiah, Ethiopic version","url":"https://naxiai.com/christian/gaps/ethiopic-anonymous-isaiah"},"hollis:alma990017512330203941":{"label":"The Law and the prophets : Old Testament studies prepared in honor of Oswald Thompson Allis","url":"https://hollis.harvard.edu/permalink/f/1s5nto6/990017512330203941"},"hollis:alma990114972380203941":{"label":"Scripture in transition : essays on Septuagint, Hebrew Bible, and Dead Sea scrolls in honour of Raija Sollamo","url":"https://hollis.harvard.edu/permalink/f/1s5nto6/990114972380203941"},"hollis:alma990119778800203941":{"label":"With wisdom as a robe : Qumran and other Jewish studies in Honour of Ida Fröhlich","url":"https://hollis.harvard.edu/permalink/f/1s5nto6/990119778800203941"}},"segments":[{"i":1,"ref":"p1","source":"The text follows 230–232 . ይትባረክ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ አምላከ፡ እስራኤል፡ ራእይ፡ ዘርእየ፡ ኢሳይያስ፡ ነቢይ፡ ወልደ፡ አሞጽ፡\nስማዕ፡ ሰማይ፡ ወአጽምዒ፡ ምድር፡ ኅድጉ፡ እከየክሙ፡ ተመሐሩ፡ ገቢረ፡ ሠናይ፡ እፎ፡ ኮነት፡ ዘማ፡ ሀገረ፡ ጽዮን፡ ቃል፡\nዘኮነ፡ ኀበ፡ ኢሳይያስ፡ ወኮነ፡ በደኀሪ፡ መዋዕል፡ አሌላ፡ ለነፍስየ፡ እስመ፡ መከሩ፡ እኩየ፡ እስመ፡ ተዘኀራ፡ አዋልደ፡\nጽዮን፡ ህየንተ፡ መዓዛ፡ ዕድረትከ፡ ሰብለ፡ ይኩንከ፡ አሌሎሙ፡ እለ፡ ይስሕብዎ፡ ለኃጢአት፡ አሌሊት፡ እስመ፡ ኀደጉ፡ ቃለ፡\nትእዘዝከ፡ ብርሃንስ፡ ጸሊም፡ ጸሊምሰ፡ ብርሃን፡ አሌሎሙ፡ እለ፡ ይጽሕፉ፡ እኩየ፡ መጽሐፈ፡ ወነዋ፡ መልአ፡ አማን፡ ቤተ፡\nስብሐቲሁ፡ ሱራፌል፡ ይቀውሙ፡ ዓውዶ፡ ወይብሉ፡ ቅዱስ፡ ቅ፡ ቅ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ ፀባዖት፡ ኢያእመርከኑ፡ ወኢሰማዕከኑ፡ ከመ፡\nአምላክ፡ ዐቢይ፡ ዘለዓለም፡ ጻድቅ፡ ማኅየዊ፡ አልቦ፡ ከማከ፡ ስሙ፡ ኢልቡ፡ ርእዩ፡ ትሬእዩ፡ ኢተአምሩ፡ አበውኡ፡ ለዛቲ፡\nሀገር፡ አድኅና፡ በእንቲአየ፡ ወበእንተ፡ ዳዊት፡ ቍልዔየ፡ ኢትንድፍ፡ ውስቴታ፡ አሕፃ፡ አልቦ፡ ዘየአምር፡ ምክሮ፡ ወአልቦ፡\nዘየአምር፡ ሕሊናሁ፡ እስመ፡ ነገረ፡ ግብራ፡ ለመድኀኒትነ፡ እብለ፡ ለጽዮን፡ ተዘከሩ፡ ሣህሎ፡ ለእግዚአብሔር።","english":"May the Lord, the God of Israel, be blessed. The vision that Isaiah the prophet, son of Amoz, saw. Hear, O heaven, and make the earth hear. Abandon your evil deeds; learn to do good. How has it become that the city of Zion is desolate? The word that came to Isaiah, and it came at the end of days. Woe is me, for my soul, for they have plotted evil, for the children of Zion have been scattered. Instead of the fragrance of your pasture, may it be a harvest for you. Woe to those who laugh at sin. Woe, for they have abandoned the word of your command. Light is dark, and dark is light. Woe to those who write evil books and fill the house of his praise with lies. The Seraphim stand around him and say, \"Holy, holy, holy, Lord of Hosts.\" Do you know and do you hear that the great and eternal God is righteous, the giver of life? There is none like you. His name is not known. See, you shall see, and be amazed, O fathers of this city. Save me and my children David, and cast out the thorns from within her. There is none who knows his counsel, and there is none who knows his thought, for the matter of his deed is for our salvation. I say to Zion, \"Remember the mercy of the Lord.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"ይትባረክ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ አምላከ፡ እስራኤል፡ ራእይ፡ ዘርእየ፡ ኢሳይያስ፡ ነቢይ፡ ወልደ፡ አሞጽ፡","severity":"info","text":"The opening formula 'May the Lord be blessed' and the superscription 'The vision that Isaiah saw' mark a liturgical frame, not a biblical citation. The Geʿez text then shifts abruptly into a series of exclamations and laments.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7559PrayerBE","label":"betmas: Excerpts from the Book of Isaiah followed by a series\n of eulogies.","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7559PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ቅዱስ፡ ቅ፡ ቅ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ ፀባዖት፡","severity":"info","text":"The Trisagion 'Holy, holy, holy, Lord of Hosts' echoes Isaiah 6:3 (LXX) and the Sanctus of the Liturgy. The Geʿez form ፀባዖት (Ṣabāʿot) is a loan from Hebrew ṣĕḇāʾōt.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7559PrayerBE","label":"betmas: Excerpts from the Book of Isaiah followed by a series\n of eulogies.","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7559PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ኢሳይያስ፡","severity":"info","text":"The spelling ኢሳይያስ (ʿUśayyās) for 'Isaiah' is a standard Geʿez form derived from Syriac or Arabic, not directly from Hebrew or Greek. The same form appears in Ethiopic biblical manuscripts.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7559PrayerBE","label":"betmas: Excerpts from the Book of Isaiah followed by a series\n of eulogies.","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7559PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ሀገረ፡ ጽዮን፡","severity":"info","text":"The lament over 'the city of Zion' and 'the children of Zion' being scattered reflects a post-biblical, possibly Aksumite or medieval Ethiopian context of exile or destruction, not a direct quotation from the Book of Isaiah.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7559PrayerBE","label":"betmas: Excerpts from the Book of Isaiah followed by a series\n of eulogies.","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7559PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"ኢልቡ፡ ርእዩ፡ ትሬእዩ፡ ኢተአምሩ፡ አበውኡ፡ ለዛቲ፡ ሀገር፡","severity":"info","text":"The address to 'the fathers of this city' and the plea to 'save me and my children David' suggest a liturgical or communal prayer, possibly used in a monastic or cathedral setting in Ethiopia.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7559PrayerBE","label":"betmas: Excerpts from the Book of Isaiah followed by a series\n of eulogies.","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7559PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ኢልቡ፡ ርእዩ፡ ትሬእዩ፡","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase 'His name is not known' (ኢልቡ ርእዩ) is textually uncertain; the Geʿez could be read as 'He is not seen' or 'His name is not known.' The English draft takes the latter, but the ambiguity remains.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7559PrayerBE","label":"betmas: Excerpts from the Book of Isaiah followed by a series\n of eulogies.","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7559PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase 'ኢልቡ ርእዩ' may mean either 'His name is not known' or 'He is not seen'; the English draft chooses the former.","The identity of 'my children David' is unclear—possibly a reference to the Davidic line or a specific community.","The transition from the Isaiah vision to the eulogies is abrupt; the structural boundary is not marked in the text."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":2,"ref":"p2","source":"ወኵሉ፡ ዕሤቱ፡\nጽድቅ፡ ወትረ፡ ለቤተ፡ እስራኤል፡ እስመ፡ ተዘረከ፡ ዘይትኀሠሥ፡ ደሞሙ፡ ወኢረስዓ፡ አውያቶሙ፡ ለነደያን፡ ግድፊ፡ ጋጋ፡\nክሣድኪ፡ ወለተ፡ ጽዮን፡ ትጼውዓከ፡ ከመዝ፡ ይቤ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ ፅቀቡ፡ ጽድቀ፡ ወርትዓ፡ ከመዝ፡ ይቤ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ ልዑል፡\nዘየኀድር፡ ውስተ፡ አርያም፡ አርትዓ፡ ጠዋየ፡ ኵሎ፡ ወባልሕ፡ ኵሎ፡ ምንዱበ፡ እስመ፡ አነ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ ዘአፈቅር፡ ጽድቀ፡\nወእሁብ፡ ተግባሮሙ፡ ለጻድቃን፡ ደቂቀ፡ ጽዮን፡ ክቡራት፡ ተሣየጡ፡ በወርቅ፡ እስመ፡ አልበሰኒ፡ ልብሰ፡ ሕይወት፡ ወከደነኒ፡\nክዳነ፡ ዕሤት፡ በልዋ፡ ለወለተ፡ ጽዮን፡ ነዋ፡ ንጉሥኪ፡ ዘልብሱ፡ ሠናይ፡ ዘበሥውር፡ ግሩም፡ ወኃያል፡ ይትቀነዩ፡ ሊተ፡\nይበልዑ፡ አንትሙስ፡ ትርኅቡ፡ ይትቀነዩ፡ ሊተ፡ ይሰትዩ፡ ሊተ፡ አንትሙሰ፡","english":"And all his grace is righteousness forever for the house of Israel, because he remembered what would be sought: their blood and the wickedness of their ways. Cast away, cast away your neck, O daughter of Zion; you call out to him thus, says the Lord. Their righteousness and their justice are thus, says the Lord Most High, who dwells in the high place. He has established all and consumed all the rebellious, because I am the Lord who loves righteousness, and I give the deeds of the righteous. The children of Zion, honored ones, are adorned with gold, because he clothed me with the garment of life and covered me with the covering of grace. Say to the daughter of Zion: Behold, your king, whose garment is good, who is hidden, magnificent, and mighty, they shall be adorned for me; they shall eat, you shall be amazed; they shall be adorned for me; they shall drink for me, you shall be amazed.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ዕሤቱ","severity":"info","text":"The Geʿez term ዕሤቱ (ʿəššətu) can mean 'grace' or 'favor' but also 'mercy' or 'pity'. The draft renders it as 'grace', which is plausible in this context of divine benevolence toward Israel.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7559PrayerBE","label":"betmas: Excerpts from the Book of Isaiah followed by a series\n of eulogies.","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7559PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ወለተ፡ ጽዮን፡","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'daughter of Zion' (ወለተ ጽዮን) echoes Isaiah 1:8 and other prophetic passages where Zion is personified as a woman. The call to 'cast away your neck' may allude to repentance or liberation imagery.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7559PrayerBE","label":"betmas: Excerpts from the Book of Isaiah followed by a series\n of eulogies.","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7559PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"background","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage follows a series of eulogies and is part of a Geʿez prayer compilation. The reference to 'the Lord Most High who dwells in the high place' reflects a common Ethiopic epithet for God, emphasizing transcendence.","cites":[{"key":"dossier:ethiopic-anonymous-isaiah","label":"gap dossier: Book of Isaiah, Ethiopic version","url":"https://naxiai.com/christian/gaps/ethiopic-anonymous-isaiah"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The passage shifts from a third-person description of God's righteousness to a first-person divine speech ('I am the Lord who loves righteousness'), then to an address to the daughter of Zion. This alternation is typical of prophetic oracular style.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7559PrayerBE","label":"betmas: Excerpts from the Book of Isaiah followed by a series\n of eulogies.","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7559PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ግድፊ፡ ጋጋ፡","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase ግድፊ ጋጋ (gədəfi gāgā) is obscure; the draft renders it as 'cast away, cast away your neck', but the repetition and meaning are uncertain. It may be a textual corruption or a rare idiom.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7559PrayerBE","label":"betmas: Excerpts from the Book of Isaiah followed by a series\n of eulogies.","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7559PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"background","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This prayer text survives in Ethiopic manuscripts, likely used in liturgical or devotional contexts. The combination of Isaiah excerpts with eulogies suggests a compilation for commemorative or penitential use.","cites":[{"key":"hollis:alma990017512330203941","label":"The Law and the prophets : Old Testament studies prepared in honor of Oswald Thompson Allis","url":"https://hollis.harvard.edu/permalink/f/1s5nto6/990017512330203941"},{"key":"hollis:alma990114972380203941","label":"Scripture in transition : essays on Septuagint, Hebrew Bible, and Dead Sea scrolls in honour of Raija Sollamo","url":"https://hollis.harvard.edu/permalink/f/1s5nto6/990114972380203941"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of the speaker shifts between God and the prophet; the phrase 'cast away your neck' is ambiguous in meaning and may be a textual corruption."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]}]}