Liber de nominibus Hebraicis

The Book of Hebrew Names by Saint Eusebius Jerome, Presbyter of Stridon.

Preface.

1-2 Philo, the most eloquent of the Jews, is also attested by the testimony of Origen to have published a book of Hebrew Names and to have joined their etymologies in alphabetical order from the side. Since it is commonly held by the Greeks and has filled the libraries of the world, it was my endeavor to translate it into the Latin language. But I found copies so discordant with one another, and the order so confused, that I judged it better to be silent than to write anything worthy of reproach. Therefore, at the urging of my brothers Lupulianus and Valerianus, who think that I have made some progress in the knowledge of the Hebrew language, and moved by the usefulness of the matter itself, 2 I ran through the individual volumes of the Scriptures in order; and restoring the old building with new care, I think I have done what should also be sought after by the Greeks. Moreover, I also warn of this in the Preface, that if anything has been omitted here, the reader should know it is reserved for another work. For I now have in my hands the Books of Hebrew Questions, a new work, and until this point 3-4 unheard of by both Greeks and Latins. Not that I extol my own zeal insolently, 5 but because, conscious of my sweat, I may provoke the ignorant to read them. If anyone therefore wishes to have both those and the present volume, and also the book of Places, which I am about to publish, 6 he will despise the belching and nausea of the Jews.

And lest perhaps, once the building was completed, the finishing hand should be lacking, I have interpreted the words and names of the New Testament, wishing in part to imitate Origen, whom no one but the unlearned will deny to be the teacher of the Churches after the apostles. For among the other distinguished monuments of his genius, he labored also in this, that what Philo as a Jew had omitted, he as a Christian might fulfill.

Here begins the book.

It should not be supposed that wherever names are set down beginning with the letter A, which among the Hebrews is called ALEPH, that this alone is the letter used. For sometimes they have their beginning from AIN, often from HE, and sometimes from the letters HETH, which change their aspirations and sounds. It must therefore be known that both in Genesis and in the other books, where a name begins with a vowel letter, among the Hebrews it is begun with different letters, as we said above. But because among us there is not such diversity of sounds, we are content with a simple pronunciation. Hence it happens that the same words, which among them are not written similarly, appear to us to vary in interpretation.

THE OLD TESTAMENT.

ON GENESIS.

A: They interpret Ethiopia as darkness, or thick darkness, in Latin.

Of the Assyrians: of those who direct.

Adam: man, or earthly; or native, or red earth.

Abel: mourning, or vanity, or vapor, or wretched.

Ada: testimony.

Ararat: Armenia, or a mountain plucked.

Aschcnes: fire thus scattering.

AEvila: grieving, or in labor.

Archab: snares.

Assur: directing, or blessed, or walking.

Ananim: waters answering.

Amorrhaeum: bitter, or speaking.

Aruchaeum: gnawing around me.

Asennaeum: lifting me up.

Aradium: my sufficient vintager.

Amethi: my indignation.

Adama: soil, or earth, or earthly.

Arphaxad: healing the desolation.

Aram: exalted.

Asarmoth: court of death.

Adoram: exalted generation.

Aizel (Uzal): proceeding.

Abimael: my father from God.

Abram: exalted father.

Arram: a basket, or chest, or box.

Egypt: a constraining tribulation.

Haggai: a question, or a feast.

Amraphel: he spoke that he might fall.

Arioch: drunken, or drunkenness.

Ashtaroth: sheepfolds, or they make the fulfillers.

Amalek: a people licking, or licking.

Hagar: a stranger, or a convert.

Abraham: a father seeing the people.

Ammon: son of my people, or people of dew.

Abimelech: my father is king.

Azia: seeing.

Arbee: the fourth, or four.

Assurim: a grove.

Apher: soil, or dust.

Abidahe: my father knowing.

Ader: a flock.

Aser: blessedness, or blessed.

Ana: an answer, or answering. Aluam: despising.

Ahie: a shelter.

Amada: desirable.

Acan: necessity, or their labor.

Aran: angrily, or beauty.

Adad: chief, or paternal uncle.

Avith: iniquitous things.

Achobor: mice.

Adollamite: testifying, or the testimony of water.

Anan (Aner): their grief, or labors.

Aseneth: ruin.

Aod (Ahod): renowned.

Amul: sparing.

Aggi: my festivity.

Acheri: turning aside.

Aroedi: a sufficient vintager.

Ariel: the lion of my God.

Achi (in the Septuagint, Genesis 41:18): my brother.

Arad: descending.

Asom (Husim): hastening.

Atad: testimony, or the buckthorn.

Babylon: confusion.

Bethel: the house of God.

Bara: in wickedness, or creature.

Balac (Bale): rushing headlong, or devouring.

Barad: hail.

Buz: despising, or condemning.

Bathuel: virgin of God.

Beri: my well, or my wells.

Basemoth: in names, or transgressing, or coming, or placed.

Bala: grown old.

Balaam: without people, or without their substance, or in them.

Benjamin: son of the right hand.

Beor: in the skin.

Bosora: in tribulation, or distress.

Badad: chief.

Balaanan: you have grace.

Basan: fat.

Baria: in his clamor.

Bochor: firstborn, or in the saddlebags, or the lamb has entered.

Cain: possession, or lamentation.

Cainan: lamentation, or their possession.

Cithii: demented, or stupefied.

Carnaim: horns.

Cades: holy, or changed. Cinaei: possessing.

Cenezaei: jealous, or his possession.

Cedmonaei: ancient sorrow, or easterners.

Camuel: resurrection of God, or station of God.

Cedar: darkness, or grief.

Cedma: eastern, or preceding.

Caath: molar teeth, or patience.

Up to this point let the names be read by the simple letter; henceforth, with aspiration added, that is, to be read by the Greek chi.

Cherubin: knowledge multiplied, or as it were many.

Cham: hot. But it must be known that in Hebrew it does not have the letter chi: for it is written with heth, which is expressed by a double aspiration.

Chethim: broken.

Chus: Ethiopian.

Chanaan: that is, their motion, or merchant, or humble.

Chalanne: the consummation to come, or all of us.

Chalech: as it were green.

Chaseluim: their covered region.

Chaphthoriim: hands of the explorers, or of doves, but better Cappadocians.

Chethaeus: ecstasy of mind, or fixed, or cut off. But this name in Hebrew does not begin with a consonant letter, but with heth, of which we have already spoken above.

Chaldaei: as it were demons, or as it were breasts, or fierce.

Charran: holes, or wrath, or digging them. But this name too begins with Hebrew heth.

Chebron: marriage, or enchanter, or everlasting vision, and this has heth at the beginning.

Chodorlagomer: as it were the generation of a bundle, or as it were a bundle of ornaments.

Chorraei: from the holes, whom they call Troglodytes.

Chobal: condemnation.

Chased: as it were, laying waste. These are the Chaldeans.

Cheth: striking.

Chettura: offering incense, or joined, or united.

Choadad (Hadad): chief.

Chabrath: as it were chosen, or heavy.

Chorri, or Chorraeus: flour, or made of flour, or after me, or my hole.

Chazib (in the LXX, Genesis 38:5): a lie.

Charmi: my vineyard, or my knowledge.

Chabor: conjunction, or enchanter; but this too is written with the letter heth.

Dan: judgment, or judging.

Dedan: solitary, or their cousin.

Dasem (Resen): a bridle.

Decla: subtle, or palm-shaped.

Damascus: drinking of blood, or kiss of blood, or blood of a sack.

Dadan: judging.

Duma: silent.

Dina: this judgment.

Debbora: bee, or eloquence.

Deson: strong breast, or he will tread her; but this is said in the Syrian tongue: otherwise in Hebrew it is interpreted fatness, or ash, that is, the embers of burnt offerings.

Desan, likewise as above: though some think it means a strong elephant.

Dennaba, bringing judgment.

Dothain, their green pasture, or sufficient departure.

Eden, pleasure, or delights, or adornment.

Evila, grieving, or in labor.

Euphrates, fruit-bearing, or growing.

Eva, calamity, or woe, or life.

Enoch, dedication.

Enos, man, or desperate, or violent.

Evaeum, wild, or most wicked.

Eber, a traveler.

Elmodad, to his principal mother, or the measure of God.

Ellasar, the turning aside of God, or separating this.

Esrom, the darts of the flocks.

Eschol, a cluster of grapes, or every fire.

Ephron, dust of sorrow, or useless dust, or their dust.

Eldea, to knowledge, or concerning knowledge.

Ethaeus, fearing, or astonished.

Edom, ruddy, or earthly.

Emor, ass.

Ephrata, abundance, or dusty.

Eser, a fashioning, or a formed thing.

Esban, fire in them.

Ephraim, fruitful, or growing.

Esrom ( ), seeing an arrow.

Esbel, vain fire or old.

Thus far through the short letter E; now the beginnings of names are to be read through the long [E].

Elisa, my God, or his salvation, or to the island, or the salvation of my God.

Elam, of the age, or of the world.

Emim, horrible ones.

Eliezer, the help of God.

Epha, dissolved, or a measure.

Esau, a making or strong, or a heap of stones, or vain, or in vain.

Elon ( ), a level country, or an oak, or strong.

Eliphaz, the gold of my God.

Emam ( ), their heat.

Ebal ( ), an old valley, or a heap of stones.

Ela, a terebinth.

Er, watches, or a skin garment, or a rising up, or a pouring out.

Enaim, eyes, or fountains.

Ernon (in the Septuagint; in the Hebrew, Gessen), that is Ernon, in their face, or watches of sorrows.

Phison, the mouth of the pupil, or a change of the mouth.

Fut. Libya, or a turning aside of the mouth. Fetrusim, dissolving the measure.

Felestim 4, falling, or the ruin of a cup, or falling by drink.

Farao 5, scattering, or uncovering him.

Faleg, dividing.

Ferezaei, separating, or scattered abroad, or bearing fruit.

Faran, their fierceness.

Fichol, the mouth of all: from "mouth," not from "bone."

Filistiim, a double ruin.

Faldas 7, the ruin of poverty, or a falling shoot.

Fau, nothing, or suddenly.

Fiennon, their mouth, or a bound mouth.

Fuitifar, a mouth inclining to cut apart.

Farez 8, division.

Fetrefe, a Libyan calf, or uncovering, or certainly a division, or a mouth turning aside.

Fallu, wonderful.

Fua 9, here, an adverb of place: or red.

Fanuel, the face of God.

11 Geon, the breast, or a steep place.

Gomer, a taking up, or a completion, or perfection.

Gergesaeus, casting out the settler, or the stranger drawing near.

Gerara, he saw rumination, or a wall. But it must be known that Gerara is interpreted as sojourning; but Gedera, a wall, or a hedge.

Gaza, his strength.

Gomorrha, fear of the peoples, or sedition. It must be known that it does not have the letter G in Hebrew, but is written with the vowel Ain.

Gether, a winepress seeing, or a sojourner of exploration.

Gebal, steep, or an ancient valley.

Geraris, strangers approaching, or their horn-strikers.

Gaam (variant: Gudim), valley of heat.

Gad, temptation, or a little robber, or fortune.

Galaad, a heap or the passing over of testimony. Concerning this we have spoken more fully in the books of Hebrew Questions.

Gatham, touching he laughed.

Gesen, approaching their touching, or nearness.

Gerson, a sojourner there, or their casting out.

Gera, rumination, or sojourning. Gani, my exaltation, or my garden.

Jobel, sending away, or changed, or it shall flow down.

Jobal, carried down, or sending away.

Jared, descending, or strengthening.

Japheth, breadth.

Javan, he is and he is not, or dove: but it is Syrian.

Jebusite, trodden down, or their manger.

Jectan, little one. Jaree, moon.

Johab, with a magus as father, or distilling.

Jescha, tabernacle, or his anointing.

Ishmael, hearing of God.

Isaac, laughter, or joy.

Jedlaph, lifting the hand, or hand to the mouth.

Jexan, hard, or hardness.

Jesboc, he is ashes, or touch.

Jetur, turned, or ordered.

Judith, praising, or confessing, or Judaean.

Jacob, supplanter.

Juda, praise, or confession. Issachar, he is a reward.

Joseph, increase.

Jordan, their descent.

Jor, river.

Jaboch, sand, or wrestling.

Jeus, sparing, or making, or moved.

Jeglam (Jhelon), despising.

Jethran, their superfluity.

Jethelh, giving.

Irad, descent of the city.

Iram, their city.

Iras, he saw my brother, or the vision of my brother.

Jamuel, God is his days.

Jamin, right hand.

Jachin, preparing.

Job, magician.

Joalel, life of God, or beginning of God, or awaiting God.

Jenna, marine, or numeral.

Jesua, plain, or it is my desire, or certainly savior.

Jessul (Jessui), it is to grieve.

Jasael (Jasiel), half of God.

Jesar, formation, or tribulation.

Lamech, humbled, or striking, or struck.

Ludiim, born, or they prevail strongly.

Laahim, burned up or flaming.

Lasa, into salvation.

Lud, useful.

Lot, bound, or declination.

Laban, white.

Lalusim, hammerers.

Loommin, tribes, or mothers. Lia, laborious.

Levi, added, or taken up.

Lotan, their bond, or himself enclosed.

M(??), who is the Lord God? or (??) life God.

(??) a sending out of death, or he died, and he asked.

Malelcel, praising God.

Magog, which is, that is, bed, or from the house, that is, from the roof.

Medai, measure, or sufficiently.

Mesech, prolongation, or defect, or certainly compressed.

Mesraim, their enemies, or measure. But it should be known that Mesraim is called Egypt.

Mesa, rare water, or elevation.

Melcha, its queen.

Mamre, from vision, or clear.

Masec, giving drink, or serving drink.

Maacha, breaking, or broken.

Maedan, measuring, or answering.

Madian, from judgment, or from a cause.

Massau, from delights.

Masmae, hearing.

Massa, lifting up, or weight, or burden.

Meleth, chorus, or from the beginning.

Meza, I exist.

Manath, resting, or giving.

Masreca, vain tax, or hissing, or drawing.

Mettabel, how good is God.

Matraid, persecution, or a rod descending.

Mezaab, water of gold, or flowing water.

Mabsar, fortified.

Magdiel. from the promise of God, or tower of God, or God magnifies me.

Madianaei, judging.

Manasse, death, or necessity.

Merari, bitter, or bitternesses.

Melchiel, my God is king.

Machir, selling.

Melchisedec, righteous king.

Memphin, from their mouth.

Naid [In the Septuagint only at Gen. 41:16], motion, or flowing.

Noemma, beauty, or pleasure, or faith.

Noe. rest.

Nemrod. tyrant. or fugitive, or transgressor.

Nineve, beautiful, or bud of beauty.

Nephthuim, scraping, or opening.

Nachor, rest of light, or with light resting, or final supplication.

Nabeoth, prophesying.

Nabdcel (Abdeel), serving God, or bear of God.

Naphes, refreshment, or soul.

Nephthali, he preserved me, or he enlarged me, or certainly he entangled me.

Naeth, resting.

Neman, faithful, or their motion.

Orech, length.

Ochozad, holding.

Olibama, my tabernacle in something, or the height of the tabernacle.

Odollamites, testifying against someone, or testimony in water. Ophim, chambers.

Up to this point we have read words with a short letter O: henceforth let us pronounce the element in its extended form.

Ophir, or Uphir, which is written with the letter ALEPH, is interpreted as void, or grassy.

Ox, willing.

Omar, people, or bitter.

Onan, their grief.

Ripheth, seeing a morsel, or seeing good things.

Rhodii, which in Hebrew is called RODIM or Rodanim, is interpreted as those descending, or a judging uncle, or a vision of judgment.

Raama, thunder, or high places.

Rhooboth, a bending, or streets.

Ragau, ailing, or feeding.

Raphaim, giants.

Rebecca, much patience, or she received much, or patience.

Remma, or Ruma, seeing something, or high places. Rachel, sheep, or seeing the beginning, or the vision of wickedness, or seeing God. But this happens according to the diversity of accents and letters, so that names are changed into even contrary meanings. Runen, seeing the son, or seeing in the middle. Raguel, shepherd of God, or his food, God. Ros, head. Ramesse, food, or moth, or malice from moth. What we had said at the beginning must be observed in the vowel letters: because with us there is sometimes one letter, and among the Hebrews it is pronounced with various sounds: this must now also be known in the letter S. For among the Hebrews there are three S letters: one which is called SAMECH, and is read simply, as if it were written with our letter S; another SIN, in which a certain hissing not of our speech resounds; the third SADE, which our ears utterly dread. So wherever it happens that the same names are interpreted differently and differently, this is the reason, that they are written with different letters. But what we have said in Genesis must be observed similarly in all the books.

Sela, his shadow.

Selit, position, or placed, or cup, or grass, or seed, or resurrection.

Sem, name, or named.

Saba, captive or captivities, or certainly turning.

Sabatha, revolving, or going around.

Sabathacha, going around you, or your siege, or your seat. Sennaar, gnashing of teeth, or their stench.

Sidona, hunting of grief. Samaraeum, my wool, or my joined one, but better guardian.

Sodoma, cattle, silent, or blindness, or their likeness.

Seboim, of goats, or of does, or his station the sea, or station of the sea.

Sala, sent.

Sophera, narrative, or book.

Serug, strap, or perfect.

Sarai, my prince.

Sichem, shoulders, or labor.

Soor, small, or midday.

Sennaab, father of a tooth, or stench of the father.

Semebad, name of perdition, or there is perdition.

Segor, small: it is the same as Soor above. But it should be known that it does not have the letter G in the middle, and is written among the Hebrews with the vowel AIN.

Sau, or; Save, worthy, or elevation.

Seir, hairy, or bristly.

Sara, prince.

Sur, wall, or straight, or containing.

Saba, turning, or net.

Sue, speaking, or song.

Simeon, hearing, or name of a dwelling.

Salem, peace, or rendering.

Sichimorum, shoulders: it is the same as Sichem. But it comes into Latin and Greek sound.

Sebeon, with iniquity standing.

Sophar, his watchman, or trumpet.

Samma, a giving forth.

Sobal, vain old age, or bars for carrying.

Saphon (Sephion), watchman. Salama, garment, or peaceful.

Saul, sought after.

Sava, eloquence, or clamor.

Sela, as to him, or his dismissal, or petition.

Somthonphanech is said corruptly, for in Hebrew we read saphneth phanee, which is interpreted, reporter of hidden things. Further, we have learned from the Egyptians that in their language it sounds, Ivator of the world.

Semron, seeing of a name, or guardian.

Sarad, that he might descend.

Sephion, the mouth of sorrow has gone forth.

Soni, my pupil, or my second.

Sare, malicious, or hissing.

Syria, lofty, or moist.

Staulam, rooted.

Tabec, setting, that is, killing.

Tachos, silent. Talam, dew.

Up to this point we have read by the simple letter T; now, with aspiration added, it must be read as follows.

Thobel, or Thubal, led to mourning, or turned, or all things.

Thiras, fearing, or returning, or superfluous.

Thogorma, some sojourning, or interpreter.

Tharsis, explorers of joy, or joy.

Thara, explorers of odor, or exploration of ascent, or pasturing.

Thargal (Thadal), knowing the yoke, or explorer.

Thamar, palm, or bitterness, or changing.

Theman, south wind, or Africus.

Thamna, forbidding, or failing.

Thamnath, perfect part, or consummation given.

Tholae, a little worm, or scarlet.

Thesbon, swift to understand.

Us, a counselor.

Ul, grieving, or in labor.

Usam, swift of them.

Zemram, their song, or showing time.

Zelphan, walking mouth: from mouth, not from bone, or flowing mouth.

Zabulon, their dwelling, or his oath, or a dwelling of strength, or a flowing of night.

Zara, rising, or rising.

Zavan, motion, or their fluctuation.

Zozommim, prepared in battle line, or what is this water?

FROM EXODUS.

Aaron, mountain of strength, or strong mountain.

Aser, blessed.

Aheberim, of the Hebrews, or of those passing over.

Afferezaei, separated, or without a wall.

Anacim, vain humility, or vain humble ones, or humble ones rising up, or vain answer, or necklace of the neck.

Aod, glorious.

Amram, exalted people.

Aminadab, my willing people.

Abiu, my father is, or the father himself.

Asir, bound.

Abiasaph, the gathering of my father.

Amalec, people of locusts, or a licking people.

Abiud, the strength of the father, or their father.

Accherubim, know and understand, or a multitude of knowledge.

Achisamech, strengthening my brother.

Beseleel, in the shadow of God.

Beelsephon, having a watchtower.

Caath, patience, or molar teeth, or grieving, or composing.

Cades, holy.

Chanani, merchants, or this little boy, or prepared ones, or humility.

Charmi, my vineyard, or the recognition of water.

Cherubim, a multitude of knowledge, or knowledge and understanding.

Dan, judgment, or judging.

Ebraeorum, of those passing over; Ebrioth, a passing over.

Elthi, they feared, or they were astonished.

Emori, my mother is light.

Evi, wild beasts, or fierce ones. Enoch, he dedicated.

Emorraeum, speaking, or making bitter.

Esrom, seeing a arrow, or the hall of sadness, or strong.

Ebron, a sharing of sadness, or of strength, or an everlasting increase.

Eleazar, God my helper, or the help of God.

Edom, ruddy.

Up to this point we have read through the short letter E; henceforth let us read through the extended form of the letter.

Elisaphan. The watchtowers of my God, or my God hiding.

Elisabeth, the fullness of my God, or the oath of my God, or my God's seventh.

Elcana, the possession of God.

Etham, completed, or undertaking a voyage.

Elim, ram.

Epha, a measure.

Eliezer. God my helper. Eliab, God my father.

Farao, a scatterer, or he laid him bare.

Fithom, the mouth of the abyss, or suddenly. Foa, here, an adverb of place, or I shall appear, but better, ruby.

Fallu, wonderful.

Fotiel, here God turning aside, an adverb of place, not a pronoun, or God turning aside, or the turning aside of God's mouth.

Phineas, sparing the mouth, or he rested with the mouth, or the divination of the mouth.

Felistim, two fell.

Phase, he passed over, or a passing over.

Gad, temptation, or girded, or a little robber.

Gersam, a stranger there.

Gersoni, their casting out, or a stranger there, or a stranger of the pupil.

Gadiel, my girding is God.

Gadi, a kid, or my temptation.

Gamaliel, God has repaid me.

Goel, a kinsman, or a redeemer.

Galaad, a heap of witness. On this we have spoken more fully in the books of Hebrew Questions.

Goni, of gardens, or my arrogance. Gabaa, height.

Gomor, a measure of the Attic sort, of three choenices.

Israel, it is to see God, or a man, or a mind seeing God. And on this we have spoken more fully in the books of Hebrew Questions.

Jethro, superfluous of this one.

Jebusi, shod, or my manger.

Jamuel, his day is God.

Jamin, the right hand.

Jachin, preparing.

Jessaar, it is midday, or the meridian, or my anointing, or, oil.

Jochabed, where is glory, or she is heavy; or the glory of the Lord. Ithamr, where is bitterness, or where is the palm, or he is bitter, or the palm of islands.

Jesus, savior.

In, a measure of liquid substance.

Levi, added.

Labeni, to my son, or my heart, or whiteness.

Mesraim, their enemies, or Egypt.

Moses, touching, or handling, or taken from the water, or assumption.

Madian, from judgment.

Merari, bitter, or bitterness.

Mooli, from infirmity, or my chorus, or from the beginning.

Musi, toucher, or my handler.

Misael, the touch of God, or who has asked?

Magdola, who is great? or tower.

Moab, from the father.

Mariam, my illuminatrix, or illuminating them, or myrrh of the sea, or star of the sea.

Merra, bitterness.

Marath, bitter.

Man, what?

Nephthali, breadth.

Nephee, a plum, or a coal, or seduction.

Neesson, divining, or a strong diviner.

Nadab, spontaneous.

Nave, seed, sprout, or beauty.

Oziel, my strength is God.

Oer (Gomor), curling, or a handful.

Oliab, my father is my protection. Oephi, the measure of three modii.

The four names that follow are to be read with a long letter.

Oreb, burning, or dryness, or raven, or solitude.

Ori, my light.

On, labor, or pain.

Or, anger.

Ruben, seeing the son, or see the son.

Ramesses, the joyful one thundered, or malice from the moth.

Raguel, the pasture of God, or God is his friend.

Raphidim, loose hands, or the health of judgment, or the vision of the mouth sufficient for them.

Simeon, he heard sorrow, or the name of a dwelling.

Sephra, from..., or pleasing.

Sephora, his bird, or his beauty, or pleasing.

Sor, the noonday.

Suriel (Soar), God narrowing, or God strong.

Salutation, looking upon.

Saul, sought after, or abusing. Samei, hear, or my hearing. Sethri, my exactor, or mine.

Sechoth: tabernacles.

Sur: wall, or strong, or narrowness.

Sin: a jar, or temptation, or a bush.

Sinai: my jar, or my measure, or commandment.

Sabbatha: rest.

Settim: of thorns.

Themana (read in Exodus in Hebrew only): the south wind.

Thelame: streams of waters, or a heap of waters.

Tholae: a little worm, or scarlet.

Theeth: beneath.

Ur: fire, or light.

Zebulon: a dwelling of strength.

Zechri: my memory.

FROM LEVITICUS 12

Melcho (Moloch): to the king.

Salumith: repayment, or peaceful.

Iath: that is, a region; for example, when we say the northern region, or the southern.

FROM THE BOOK OF NUMBERS

Ammiod: my people is renowned.

Abidan: my father is judge.

Aggelaoni (Gedeoni): he announces my iniquity.

Abiezer: my brother is my helper.

Ammisedai: my people is sufficient.

Achran [Ochran, otherwise Acharan]: he troubled them.

Ahira, my brother's friend.

Anan, cloud.

Abijah, my father is this one, or my father's abundance.

Asher, their narrowness, or blessings.

Ammiel, my people of God.

Hamath (Emath), indignation, or a waterskin.

Ahiman, my brother, who? Anakim (Enac), a necklace on a lofty neck.

Aethi, astonishing, or terrifying.

Abiram (Abiron), my father is exalted.

Onan (Onan), he is not, or useless.

Aurad, he raised up the one descending, or he raised up a descent.

Atharim (in the Septuagint, XXI, 1), of the spies.

Aci, which the Greeks call.

Aranon, a heap of sorrow, or praise.

Ar, he raised up, or a watch. Ammon, people of m(??)-ror.

Agag, that is, a roof.

Asshur, blessedness, or a step.

Haggai, festivity, or solemn.

Arodi, sufficient curse, or cursed.

Arieli, God is my lion.

Ammon, he spared.

Asarel (Asriel), blessed God.

Epher (Hepher), he dug, or earth.

Agla (Hegla), that solemnity, or a calf.

Ahiram, the sublimity of my brother. Arad, I have descended.

Aber (Heber), he committed, or entered into a contest, or a partaker.

Araboth (in the Septuagint, XXVI, 3), humble, level, and flat.

Abarim. in the crossing; which is expressed more significantly in Greek. Ataroth, of crowns.

Aroer, lifting up, or make empty, of a watchman, or of tamarisk.

Ahirot (Phihahiroth), engraved. Alas (Alus), leavenings, or mix together, which is said in Greek.

Arada, he was astonished, he marveled.

Asmona ( ), hasty, or hastening, or count.

Aggedgad (Gadgad), announce, or girded, or a little robber.

Achiam, a shelter, or steep places.

Alamon, upon the multitude, or contempt.

Abelsettim, mourning of the shores, or of the banks.

Acrabbim (in the Septuagint, XXXIV, 1), scorpions or fittingly.

Adar, lofty, or a cloak. Asemona ( ), his mouth, from bone, not from mouth.

Asmo, his last.

Arebia (Rebla), the ambusher. Ain, a spring.

Azan (Ozan), their strength.

Achidod, the glory of my brother.

Benjamin, son of the right hand.

Bamoth, in death, or high places.

Basan, a locust, or fatness. For what is usually translated as disgrace or confusion is called busa.

Balac, licking, or crushing, or wrapping up.

Balaam, a vain people, or one casting them down, or without a people. Beor, in the skin.

Baal, having, or a man.

Balfeor, having a leathern mouth.

Bacher in the cluster, or the lamb has entered.

Bale, he cast down, or swallowed up.

Baria (Brie), in evils, or in its exchange.

Beelsephon, having the north wind, or a watchtower.

Baon, in iniquity.

Barnee, a chosen commotion.

Bethanamra, house of leopards, or house of bitterness.

Beelsephon, the ascent of a watchtower.

Betharan, house of the ark, or of mountains, or the ascent of the humble.

Baalmeon, having a dwelling. Benacam (Benejacan), son of necessity.

Bacci, mourning, or in vomiting, or old.

Cades, changed, or holy.

Ceni, my bronzesmith, or my nest, or possession.

Citus (Cethim), for the astonished, or for the wondering.

Canath, emulation, or jealousy.

Calaatha, the church has come, or voices.

Cadesbarnee, changed elect, or changeable.

Cariathaim, a villa, or their town.

Core, baldness.

Camuel, resurrection of God, or God shall stand.

Up to this point we have read through the simple letter C: from here the beginnings of names are to be read with aspiration added.

Chanaan, he has returned, or as if answering, or as if moving.

Chaleb, as if a heart, or every heart, or a dog.

Chamos, gathered, or as if a touching.

Chazbi ( ). a cup in me, or sacrifice to me.

Chenneroth, a sign of lyres, or as if of a lamp.

Chaslon, wicked sorrow, or protection.

Cherubim, as it were many, or embroidered painting, or a multitude of knowledge.

Deuel, let them acknowledge God.

Dathan, their gift, or a sufficient gift.

Dibon, sufficient for understanding, or abundantly understanding.

Debongad, sufficiently understanding temptation.

Dafeca 2, he adhered, or remission.

Debelathan, bricks, or masses, which are customarily pressed together from fresh figs, which the Hebrews call Debelath ( ), the Greeks palathas. In the present passage, therefore, the name we have set forth is interpreted as their palathae.

Efraim, growing, or fruitful.

Elaad (Eldad), to the ground, or solitary, or to one.

Erma, his anathema.

Esebon 4, thought, or a girdle of sorrow.

Edraim, a descent of shepherds.

Elcan, their portion, or their testimony.

Esbel, old fire, or vain.

Evi 5, I desired.

Elale, to the ascent.

Ebruna, a crossing over, or transgression.

Eniel, my grace is God.

Ephod, an outer garment, or a shoulder-covering.

Escol, a cluster of grapes, or fire of all. Up to this point we have read through the short letter E; from here let us read through the extended form of the letter.

Elisar, my strong father (Elisur, my strong God), or my father narrowing.

Eliab, God my father, or God the father.

Elon, the strength of an army.

Elisame, my God has heard.

Elisama, my God hearing. Elisaphat (Elisaphan or Eliasaph), God has gathered, or the protection of my God, or concealment.

Enan, clouds.

Edrai, an inundation will feed me.

Er, watchful, or rising up, or leathern.

Elon, an oak, or aulon: concerning which we have spoken more fully in the book of Places.

Eran, he emptied.

Etthan, strong.

Esaon (Asion Caber), the will of sorrow, or of strength.

Enon (Enan), a fountain of sadness.

Elidad, my God is my cousin, or my God is my uncle.

Fodasur, the redemption of the strong, or fortified.

Phagiel, meet me, God, or the meeting of God.

Pharan 7, their wild beast, or fruit-bearing. Phalti, my savior.

Phalti, ruin, or a casting down.

Phesga, cut off, or hewn, or a mouth much, from mouth, not from bone.

Phethora [in the Septuagint, XXII, 5], an exploring of the mouth, or a morsel of light, or the mouth of a turtle-dove.

Phogor 1, of the skin of the mouth, or he opened wide.

Phinees, the mouth rested, be silent 2, or he spared the mouth.

Phares, division.

Phinoni ( ). my mouth of grandchildren:

Pharnach, a fatted calf, or my departure.

Gedeoni, a temptation of iniquity 4, or a temptation of humility.

Garizim, division, or a cutting off.

Iphanne, he nods, or nodding.

Jegal ( ), a kinsman, or a redeemer.

Jesu, savior.

Jazer, a helper.

Jarden, their descent, or see judgment.

Jassa, half, or a commandment done.

Jacob 5, Judah, or dust.

Jerio (Jericho), his odor, or the moon.

Jasub, a turning back.

Jalel, he waited for God.

Jamna, rottenness, or his right hand.

Jesevi, which is I have desired, or my equal.

Jaasael (Jesiel), God divided, or God halved.

Jaser, he formed, that is he fashioned, or formed.

Jair, enlightening.

Jetebatha, good things, or he turned aside that he might come.

Ismoth, he will bring death.

Jegali, redeeming me, or my kinsman.

Lael, in God, or to God.

Lomna, white, or bright.

Manasse, forgetful, or because he forgot.

Madiani, contradiction, or answer.

Medad, he is lame.

Michael, who is like God?

Machi, because.

Marthana, gift.

Medaba, waters standing high.

Machir, he will restore, or he sold, or from infirmity.

Maala, a dance, or infirmity. Melcha, his king.

Malchiel, my king is God.

Maceloth, churches.

Mathca, sweetness, or fullness.

Moseroth, exclusions, or bonds, or disciplines, or successions, because in our manuscripts it is read as Masoroth [in the Septuagint, XXXIII, 30].

Nathanael, my God, or the gift of God.

Naabi, hidden things, or he rested in me.

Nephe, blowing, or breathing.

Namuel, God slept, or they say God.

Noa, motion, which the Greeks call more significantly.

Necman, beauty, or their motion.

Namra, leopard, or bitternesses.

Nabau, we shall come, or in conclusion.

Nobe, barking.

Naason, serpentine, or divination.

Othotam (Etham), their sign.

Ozni, my ear.

Opham (Huphom), their maritime, or their chamber.

Opher, ignominy. But among the Hebrews it is written with the letter HETH.

Up to this point we have read with the short letter O; hereafter let us read with the extended letter.

Obab, beloved, or embraced, or hedge.

Ori, cooking, or shutting me out, or seizing.

Osee, savior, or saving.

Onam, pain, or their sorrow, or muttering, or murmuring.

Or, light.

Obath, magician or pythoness, which the Greeks call.

Og: heaping up, or hidden.

Oni: my grief.

Raphu: healing, or curing.

Roob: streets, or breadth.

Recem: variety, or of pictures.

Rebe: four; but it is written with the letter AIN.

Rathma: a completed vision, or a juniper, or a sound.

Remmonpharez: division of the pomegranate, or division of things on high.

Recsa: a bridle.

Sedeur: the light of their breasts, or the light of breasts.

Salomiel: God repaying me, or my peace is God.

Surisadai: my breasts holding, or my Lord is strong.

Suriel: God holding me, or my God is strong.

Soar: little.

Samua: hearing.

Saphat: he judged.

Sodi: my secret, or he shut me out.

Susi: my horse.

Sethur: hidden, or turning aside.

Sisai: my long-lived one.

Soon: Tanis, a city of Egypt.

Seon: a sprout that is not, or a useless sprout, or a speaking, or heat, or a provoking temptation.

Seffor: bird.

Settim: thorns.

Satan: adversary.

Seth: position, or he placed.

Seir: hairy, or a goat.

Salu: temptation looking back; but better, whom we can call fortunate or lively.

Sefion (Sephon): hidden.

or go out, mouth of sorrow, or their watchtower.

Soni: scarlet, or my pupil.

Sela: petition, or one who petitions.

Semron: name of a man, or his guardian.

Sichem: shoulder.

Semidae: the knowledge of my name.

Salphaad: shadow of dread, or shadow in the same thing, that is, equally.

Suthale: mixed cup, or green thorn, or soaked.

Stufan: wearing down, or to the shelter of the beaks, which in Hebrew is called SAPHAPHIM.

Sophar: trumpet.

Sarahe: veil, or prince of his brother.

Sicher: drunkenness.

Salem (Sellem): restore.

Sabama: some conversion, or lift up in them, or take away pride.

Saphan (Saphar): lip, or hedgehog, or hare.

Sochoth: tabernacles.

Salmona: shade of a portion, or he numbered a shadow, or his image.

Sin: thirsty.

Senna: will, or his commandment.

Sedada: from his side.

Sophan: lip, or the beard of the upper lip, which the Greeks call [—].

Saphatam (Sephtan): judging the people.

Samuel: his name is God.

Salomi: my peace.

Tholac: little worm, or scarlet.

Thersa: pleasing to herself, which in Greek is better said [—].

Thena: camps, or given.

Theeth (Tehen): beneath.

Thare (Thahath): exploration, or pasture, or wickedness.

All these things which we have set down from the letter T are to be read with aspiration in their beginnings.

Vaphsi: and my end.

Zachur: mindful.

Zarad (Zared): alien, or descent.

Zoob [In the LXX, XXI, 11]: gold.

Zemeri (Zambri): this one provoking, or embittering.

Zare: he arose.

Zeferuna, that is "you have seen with the mouth": from mouth, not from bone.

Zamri, psalm, or song 9.

FROM DEUTERONOMY.

Astaroth: folds, stalls, sheepfolds, or courts.

Aza: his strength.

Araba: the west, or evening.

Argob: cursed height.

Avi: wild beasts.

Avothiair 10: glory of light, or life of light; yet so that for it is announced Authjair.

Acan: necessity.

Aseroth: courts, or vestibules; if indeed it is written with the letter heth and sade. But if with aleph and sin, it means blessings.

Amora (Gomorrah): illumination of the people, or his people.

Adama: ground.

Baalfeor: having a mouth of skin, or the upper mouth of skin.

Bazar: distress, or in distress, or infancy.

Bosor: in distress.

Beroth: wells.

Barne: son of change.

Balaam: vain people 1, or a swallowing.

Cademoth: from the beginning of death, or the beginning of death. These three names that follow are to be read with C aspirated.

Chorraeus, wrathful, or from doranime, which the Greeks call 2.

Chaphtorim, hands of turtledoves, or of spies.

Chaphtor (Cappadocians), Cappadocia.

Edraim ( ), an inundation of evils, or the birth of the worst, or the descent of shepherds.

Erma (Horma), anathema. Evim (Heroe), the wicked.

Ermon, the anathema of sorrow.

Esdoth [In the LXX, III, 1], a pouring out.

Emmim, peoples.

Four names that follow are to be read with a long vowel.

Esau, a heap of stones, or a gathering of stones, which in Greek is called 3, or in vain, or a making, that is.

Elath, a terebinth, or aulones.

Emim, the terrible ones.

Ebal, an old abyss.

Fasga, cut off, or hewn, or the bone of offense.

Faran, increased, or growing up.

Fennador (Dor), a turning of a generation 4.

Gaza, strength. But it must be known that among the Hebrews it does not have a consonantal letter at the beginning, but begins with the vowel ain ( ), and is called Aza,

Gesuri, according to the light, or the nearness of light.

Golam, their transmigration, or their pleasure.

Apply Gergesaeum as a settler. Gaulon, his rolling.

Garizim, division, or stranger.

Galgal, wheel, or revelation.

Gai [in the Septuagint, XXXIV, 6], a gulf.

Gebal, an old gulf, or.

We have therefore omitted the letter I and L, because the same names are interpreted in the other books, and it is superfluous to repeat things said or to be said. But H is thought by most to be an aspiration, not a letter. It is superfluous to make mention of K, since even among the Latins, with the exception of the Kalends, it is judged superfluous. Therefore it is to be observed that the same names which here or elsewhere have been passed over, we can find in other books.

Misor (in the Septuagint, III, 10), direct, which in Greek is called, or level, and plains.

Maachathi, they are broken to me, or the belly struck.

Mosera, his instruction, or discipline.

Mamoazer (Mamzer), from afar, or alienated.

Oraim, conception, or comprehension.

Raphaim, physicians, or giants.

Rabath, multitude, or great.

Rubeni, vision, my sons, or look between me.

Ramoth, a high sign, or he saw death, or high places.

Sidon, hunting of sorrow, or uselessness.

Sareon, prince of grief.

Sanir, lift up newness, or tooth of a lamp.

Salacha (Selcha) 7, lifting up, come, or taking away, he came.

Settim, thorns.

Seboim, she-goats, or a doe, or his station the sea.

Sames, a humble command.

Sina ( ), temptation, or bush, if indeed it is written with the letter samech.

Thophel 8, foolishness.

Zozomim, these thoughts, or what is this water, or prepared in the battle line.

CONCERNING THE BOOK OF JESUS.

Ain, a question. A

Adonibezec 9, my Lord flashing forth, or the Lord of the despised vain man. If however it is written with the letter sade, it can be interpreted my Lord the just.

Azeca, strength, or a snare. Ailon, which we said above was Aulon; but if we wish to read Oeglon, it is interpreted as their cow.

Asor, a ray of light.

Axaf, medicine; but if we wish to read Axa, it is interpreted as raging.

Araboth (in the Septuagint, IV, 13), low places, level places, and plains.

Alac (Halchath), my portion, or slippery.

Aermon, a curse of grief.

Anaba (Anab), a grape, or my humility.

Asdod (Azotus), a dissolving, or a pouring out, or a burning.

Arnon, their light, or their curse.

Aroer, an undermining of watchfulness, or watchful, rising up; but better, tamarisk.

Adar (Eder), a flock.

Adaglam, their gathering.

Apheo, he contained, or continence.

Adraim, an inundation of the worst. Accaron, instruction of sorrow, or barrenness.

Amas (Amma), indignation, or fury.

Asoth, that is, of Azotus, the fire of my father, or burnings.

Ascalon, weighed out, or fire of famine.

Assahar, morning, daybreak.

Acrabbim, scorpions.

Addar, magnificent, or a cloak.

Asamona, his mouth: from "bone," not from "mouth."

Achor, disturbance, or uproar.

Adommim, red things.

Anacam (Enacim), humble, rising up.

Ahiman, his brother.

Achsa, limping, or a making, that is.

Athoniel, his time of God, or the answer of God.

Adada, even to the testimony. Asergadda, the courtyard of his girding.

Asmona, count quickly.

Avim, heaps of stones, that is.

Ain, a spring, or an eye.

Aengannim, a spring, or an eye of gardens.

Adollamim, a gathering in the presence.

Adasa, new.

Athar, entreaty.

Achazib, a lie, or foolishness.

Ani, poor.

Arab, ambush.

Ammeta, a bed.

Accen (Accam), a nest.

Alala, spaciousness.

Arabba (Rabba), many.

Ataroth, a crown.

Asrael (Esriel), blessed God.

Agla, his festivity.

Aser, blessed, if it is written with the letters ALEPH and SIN; but if with METH and SADE, it is interpreted as atrium.

Amathim (Emath), indignation, that is, their bile.

Anem. circles, or crowns, or preceding.

Aetim (lim), a heap of stones, that is.

Affara, a calf, or a bull.

Afara 7, its ground: for it is written with other letters.

Ammona, his people.

Aphani (Ophni), I flying.

Aalef (Eleph), a thousand.

Asarsualim (Hasarsual), atrium of foxes.

Asom, mouth: from bone, not from sheep.

Asan, smoke.

Apharim (Hapharaim), digging the sea.

Ammes, strong.

Amad (Amosa). people still. Acharan, troubling them.

Ammon, people.

Amma, his people.

Anneceb (Neceb), a surname.

Aser, atrium, or vestibule. Adame (Adam), gore or blood: in the plural number.

Ajalon, fields, or autones.

Anathoth. obedient, or answering sign.

Abdo (Abdon), his servant.

Ammador (Hammothdor), people of a generation.

Alal 8, slackness, which the Greeks call levity, or lightness, with the first syllable extended.

Astarthen [in the LXX, XXIV, 33], superfluous making, that is, Astaroth, making, that is, of spies.

Bethaun, house of uselessness.

Babylon, confusion.

Betharan, house of the wild goat, or house of mountains.

Baalgad, he had one girded, or a girded man, or a pirate man, or fortunate.

Bethaisimoth, deserted house, or house bringing death.

Bamoth, high places.

Baal, having.

Baalmeon, having a dwelling.

Bethpheor, house of the mouth of skins.

Begunim, masons.

Betharam, house of high places, or of mountains.

Bethanamra, house of leopards, or of bitterness.

Bethaglam, house of their festivity.

Betharaba, lowly house, or of evening.

Boon (Boen), thumb, or in the middle.

Baala, having her, or above.

Bala, having her, or her man, or this one came.

Baaloth (Baalath), in ascent, or kindled: in the plural number.

Bethaphaleth, house of safety.

Bazeotha (Baziothia), contempt, or his contempt.

Baal, old age.

Basecoth (Bascath), fat, or clarification.

Bethdagon, house of wheat.

Beththaphue, house of evil: to be understood not from malice, but from the tree.

Bethsur, house of the strong.

Bethanoth, house of those singing beforehand.

Betharraba, house of many, or great.

Benennam ( ), in them, or in the midst of them.

Bethagla, house of his festivity.

Beroth, wells.

Bethula (Bethul), virgin.

Bethmarchaboth, house of four-horse chariots.

Bethlabaoth, house of those coming.

Balath, condition: from having, not from habit, that is, the adornment of a garment.

Beram (Beerramath), well of height.

Bethphesse, house of a flourishing mouth.

Bethsemus, house of the sun.

Beten, belly.

Bethemec, house of the valley.

Banael (Jebneel), building of God.

Bethanath, house of humility, or house answering.

Balathaba, inhabited, in the feminine gender, from "having": it is a participle, not an imperative verb.

Banebarac, son of lightning.

Balac, crushing.

Cariathiarim, city, or town of woods.

Cadesbarne, changed of the chosen, or holy of the chosen.

Cades, holiness, or holy, or changed.

Cariatham, their city, or perfect calling.

Caina (Cyna), lamentation.

Ceila, cast down to the foundation, or raising her, or taking away for herself.

Carmelus, soft, or knowledge of circumcision.

Cariathbaal, he had a city, or a city inhabited.

Cana, reed. It is to be noted that the Latin canna was taken from the Hebrew tongue.

Casim (Casis), summit, or beginning.

Catthath, or Caath, bite, or of the gathered.

Caseon (Cesion), of the hard by strength.

Cabasam, their congregation.

Cartham, he accomplished the calling.

Cedemoth, former, or Eastern. Up to this point we have read with the simple letter C; henceforth it must be read with aspiration added.

Chidon, shield, or buckler.

Chiphara (Caphira), its whelp, or a scattered hand, or expiation.

But what we have called a whelp signifies the lion which the Greeks call [so].

Chermel, soft, or tender, or knowledge, of circumcision. But better if it be interpreted, a tender lamb.

Cheslon, their revelation.

Chesil, robust.

Chabon, as if understanding.

Chereloth, you have seen a sign.

Chesiloth, a sign of fools.

Chabol, as if a sprout.

Debir, speaking, or speech, or fearing a bear.

Dor, generation.

Debon, abundantly, or sufficiently understanding.

Dabira, speaking, or eloquence, or fearing a bear.

Dimonia, sufficiently numbering, or height.

Dalani, needy, poor.

Daleam, their want.

Dana, cause, or his judgment.

Duma (Ruma), silence, or joy.

Dabbath (Dabereth), hip.

Dabrath, speech.

Dedara, his generation.

Domna (Dimona), silence.

Eglon, calf of grief, or their festivity.

Esdad (Asedoth), outpouring, or conflagration, or a paternal fire.

Evaeus, gathering stones, which in Greek is called [so].

Evi, desiring, or he is.

Esron ( ), growing angry, or arrow of vision.

Eneam (Enaim), behold these, or behold they are.

Emmam (Amam), their mother.

Eltholed, unto birth.

Ermon, anathema, or condemnation.

Esthaol, fire of childbirths.

Esna, which we can call from the second number the seconding one, or fire, or a speaking out.

Esthamma (Esthemo), thought.

Esaan, I lean upon, or I confirm.

Elthecem, he brought forth.

Emec, valley.

Elec (Helec), portion.

Emeccasis [In the LXX, XVIII, 21], valley of cutting.

Erma, his anathema.

Ennathon, giving grace.

Enarath, behold she conceived.

Elchath, a little portion.

Elammelech (Elmelech), to the king.

Estmoe, woman of the belly.

Elthaci, by no means vowing. Up to this point we have read through the short letter E; from here let us read through the extended form of the letter.

Elo, his army; for "Pro" in Hebrew always describes either troops of soldiers or wealth.

Engaddi, fountain of a kid.

Endor, fountain of generation.

Engannim, fountain of gardens.

Enadda (Enhadda), a sharpened fountain.

Edroi, an inundation feeding me.

Eram (Horem), a lofty life. F

Fesga, hewn, or cut off, or of many mouths.

Faletti (Jephleti), saving me.

Gazer, a cutting, or a division. Gosnam (Gosen), near the village, or the adjoining.

Gaza, strong: beginning with the letter ain, not with the consonant gimel.

Geth, a winepress.

Gessori, bringing light, or bringing a guide.

Galiloth, revelations, or a migration.

Gazao, to the strong.

Geththaeo, to the winepress.

Gadera, its hedge.

Gaderoth, a wall, or a hedge. Gabaoth, hills.

Gabaon, a hill of sorrow.

Geththaapher, his winepress on the ground, or dug out.

Gabathon, their height, or hill of mourning.

Gethremmon, high winepress, or winepress of the heights.

Golam (Gilo), their migration.

Galim, marshy places, or heaps.

Galgalis, in whirlings.

Gabaad (Gabaath), paternal hill.

Jerimoth, fearing death, or heights of death.

Jalie, it is mouth: from mouth, not from bone.

Jabin 4, understanding, or understanding.

Jecnam, he possessed the people. Jazer, help.

Jarim, of groves, or of forests. Jebneel, building of God.

Jagur, settler, or stranger.

Jetan (Ieta), of reward.

Jectael (Iecthel), honesty of God.

Jephte (Iephta), opening, or opened.

Janum, sleeping.

Jetta, they extended.

Jezrael, seed of God.

Jecdom (Iucadam), the people lay down.

Janua (Ianoe). rest.

Jeblaam, foolish people.

Jerfel (Iarephei), God sent away.

Jecnam, possession of the people.

Japhie, an opening, or a showing, or a surface.

Jepheel (Jephtahel), God will open.

Jedala, hand, curse.

Jaiel (Jehiel), the rest of God.

Jeraon (Jeron), they will fear.

Jeracon (Jercon), jaundice, which the Greeks call [so].

Jefonne 5, naked.

Jetta, a bending down.

Jezer, strength, or help.

Lachis, it matters 6, or a man to himself.

Lobna (Labana), whiteness, or bricks.

Labo, an entrance, or those coming.

Laamas (Leheman), unto iniquity.

Luxa 7, although some interpret it 8 as the torc of the damned, which in common speech they call Boia. But it can also be interpreted as this same thing.

Labec [In the LXX, XVII, 5], acceptable.

Lacum, unto rising up.

Lesem, unto a name.

Lesemdan, the judgment of a name.

Maceda, a burning, or eastern.

Madon, contradiction, or a dwelling.

Maspha 9, a watchtower, or from a watchtower.

Masefa 10, a watchtower.

Marom, lofty, or from on high.

Masarphoth, fires, or from the tribulation of their mouths.

Maachati, a cut belly, or it is broken to me.

Marom, otherwise, bitter sadness.

Mageddo, of its fruits, or its upper rooms.

Medab (Medaba), a famine of waters.

Mephaath, a rush of waters, or times from them.

Manaim, camps.

Maabeel (Cabseel), the congregation of God.

Molada, a birth.

Medabena (Medemena), concerning burdens.

Magdalgad, the tower of a pirate, or the tower of one girded.

Maresa, from the head.

Maon, a dwelling place.

Maaroth (Mareth), caves. Meddin, judgment.

Mahala, a chorus.

Malcha, a queen.

Messa, a quarrel, or unleavened bread.

Marala, a bitter ascent.

Maalaph, concerning a thousand, or concerning teaching.

Magdaliel, my tower is God.

Masadda, one seeking, or a holding back.

Misor, a straight way, or a plain, or concerning tribulation.

Napheddor (Dor), a turning of a generation.

Nephthoc, of the dissolved, or a deception.

Nasib, a title, or a station.

Nabsan, dried out.

Naal, an ascent.

Noa, moving, or a commotion. Nahalal, let them praise.

Oziph (Ziph), sprouting.

Orchiataroth, length of a crown.

Oli (Holon), weakness.

Ozanoth (Azanoth), as it were a sign, or perhaps a sign.

Up to this point we have read through the short letter O; now we must read through the long one.

Oham, woe to the people, or raging.

Oram (Horam), woe to the exalted one, or anger.

Osa (Hosa), hope.

Occo, loving, or searching out.

Oga (Hucuca), renowned, or glorious.

Ono (Beth Anoth), his pain.

The letter Q neither the Greeks pronounce nor the Hebrews, and no other language except the Latins has it; therefore it has been entirely omitted by us here.

Rahab, breadth, or famine, or impulse.

Recem, variety, or emptying.

Rebe, fourth, or ordered.

Ramoth, vision of death.

Ragal (Rogel), a foot, or bearing downward.

Raphaim 4, giants.

Remmon, height.

Rama, high places.

Rabboth, many.

Ramath, these high places. Roob, wide.

Raccath, jaws, or cheeks.

Sarathan, their tribulation.

Semro, his keeper, or he saw the name.

Salacha, she took for herself, or the trial of the journey.

Saron, prince of sorrow.

Semronmaron, keeper of bitter grief.

Sabamа, lift up, O high one, or a certain turning.

Saith, a bond, or her distress.

Sin, going out.

Sechrona, the drunken, or tents.

Sisai, long-lived.

Seme (Sama), hearing.

Suhalim, foxes.

Siceleg, the cleansing of a drawn-out voice, or he poured out a sextarius.

Senesanna (Sensenna), taking away the red, or trials.

Saloim (Selim). emissions.

Saraa, coals, or the distress of evils.

Socha (Socho), a tabernacle, or a shelter.

Saharim, gates.

Sanan, abundant, or their going out.

Samer, kept.

Sihor, a little one, or turbulent.

Sebacha (Sotheba), a net.

Selom (Selim), a tearing away, or a sending away, or where he himself is.

Semdae (Semida), knowledge of a name.

Samari, my wool.

Selam, side: from a side, not from breadth.

Sabe, seven, or seven times.

Sarid, remnants.

Sonim (Sunem), scarlet.

Seon, to his seed.

Sahasim (Sehesima), he lay upon, going out.

Sala, taking up.

Semes, the sun.

Salabim (Selebin), weighing down the understanding.

Talam (Telem), their dew, or bedewed.

Tyrus, which in Hebrew is called SOR and is interpreted as tribulation, or narrowness, or strength. Up to this point we have read according to the simple letter; from here on it must be read with aspiration added.

Thaffee (Thaphua), evil: to be understood from the tree, not from malice, or an open timbrel.

Thaanac, answering, or humility.

Therso, complacency; which is expressed more significantly in Greek.

Thalme, a furrow, or hanging down.

Thamna, number, or faithful, or numbered, or their consummation.

Thenac, fig.

Iherela, you have seen the terebinth.

Thabor, coming light.

Thalla, his field, or a hanging.

Thamnatsare, number of the new covering.

Ur (Hur), airy, or provoking to anger.

Zebdi, of my dowry.

Zabdi, a violent flow, or abundant.

Zanoe, he repelled, or he rested.

FROM THE BOOK OF JUDGES.

Adonibezec, lord of lightning, or lord of contempt for the vain.

Abiman, who is my brother?

Axa, limping, or being angry.

Athaniel, my time of God.

Arad, rising up of desolation, or a testimony descending.

Accho, up to here, or a hook, or his humility.

Alab, milk, or milky.

Acrabbim, scorpions.

Astaroth, sheepfolds, or a making, that is, of spies.

Anatha, an answer.

Arasth (Harad), craftsman.

Abinaam, the beauty of my father.

Abel, mourning, or entrusting.

Abelmeola, mourning of a woman in labor.

Ares, sun.

Abed, servant.

Armon, anathema of grief, or image of sadness.

Avoth, dwelling, or seat.

or a small village, or cradle, which in Greek is called.

Abgam (Abesan), father of filth.

Abdon, servant of grief.

Allel (Illel), praise.

Aminadab, my willing people.

Bezeco, lightning, or vain contempt, or shining.

Baalmesar, having, or a man from a prince.

Barac, flashing.

Bachal, yoke.

Bara, creature, or bed.

Baracinnim (Afud in the LXX, VIII, 7), creature of nests, or of thorns.

Baalberith, having a covenant.

Bera ( ), well.

Berith, covenant.

Baalthamar, having a palm.

Booz, in strength, or in whom is virtue.

Cenez, contemptible possession.

Cetrum (Cetron), their darkness, or incense.

Cison, they struck, or their hardness, or joy.

Carcar (in the LXX, VIII, 10), investigation.

Camon, useless resurrection.

The four names that follow, from

With the letter aspiration added, they are to be read.

Chettim (Hettim), the raging,

or the fearful, or the marked.

Chusam, their Ethiopia.

Chamos, as if touching, or gathering.

Chelion, consummation, or all grief, or from the beginning.

Debbora, bee, or talkative.

Dalila, poor little woman, or bucket.

Dagon, fish of sadness.

Enac, the humble one rising up.

Eloi (among the Seventy, V, 5), God.

Ezri, my help.

Ephod, outer garment, which the Greeks call, or.

Ephratha (Ephra), fruitful, or coming from ash, or dusty. And concerning what seems to us on this matter, we have spoken more fully in the book of Hebrew Questions.

Euphrathites, their ground, or dust, or fruitful.

The two names that follow, let us read with the letter extended.

Eud (Aod), receiving glory.

Etam, their bird.

Fura (Phara), little flask, or fruitful.

Fanuel, face of God,

Phua, worker, or sound, or evident.

Parez, dividing, or of the violent, or division.

Gazer, commotion; Gera, rumination.

Gideon, going around, or the temptation of their iniquity.

Gabatha (in the Septuagint, VII, 1), hill, or lofty.

Garizim, neighbor, or his stranger.

Gaal, casting away, or revelation.

Gaza, his strength.

Gadam (in the Septuagint, XX, 45), temptation, or the girding of the people.

Jeblaam, flowing down, or the people growing foolish.

Jabin, understanding, or wise.

Jael, hind, or conjugal union, or beginning.

Joas, hoping, or temporal, or the strength of the Lord.

Jerobaal, let Baal judge, or let him who has judge, or superior, or having a quarrel.

Jechaz (in Hebrew, VII, 25), the winepress of the wolf.

Jecba, winepress.

Jotham, he is perfect.

Jair, enlightening.

Jonathan, gift of a dove, or he gave a dove, or the gift of the Lord.

Jabes, dried up, or dryness.

Laffidoth, a lamp, or as it were the edge of a knife: from the mouth, not from the bone.

Lais, a lion, or a man to himself.

Meroz, waters of the sacraments.

Maoz (in the Septuagint, VI, 26), strong, brave.

Mere (Merome), manifest, or illuminating, or open.

Mello, full.

Manne (Manue), rest.

Micha, who here, an adverb of place, or who is this?

Necllel ( ). praise, a hymn.

Nabe (Nobe), barking.

The three names that we add from O are to be read with the letter extended.

Obed, serving. Obab (Hobab), love.

Oreb, a raven, or dryness.

Rechab (in the Septuagint, I, 19). an ascent, or ascending.

Resathaim, their impiety.

Sasai, long-lived, or of six.

Sepheth ( ), a watchtower.

Salabbim, the salvation of hearts.

Syria ( ). sublimity.

Sairath, a goat.

Semegar, the name of a stranger, or a settler there.

Sisara, the exclusion of joy, or taking away the departing, or the vision of a horse.

Setta (Bethsetta), thorns.

Saratha (Saraa), binding comes, or tribulation.

Saroreb. (In Hebr. VII, 25), the rock of the raven.

Salmane, shadow of forbidding, or shadow of commotion.

Samir, briars, or uncultivated land.

Seon, burning temptation, or a shoot that is not.

Semanoth, a humble name.

Samson, their sun, or son of strength.

Sorec, chosen, the best.

Salma (Salmana), perceiving, or perfect, or peaceful.

Tabath (Tebbath), good.

Except for this name, the rest that follow of this letter are to be read with aspiration.

Thalmai, a hanging up, or a furrow.

Thamnathares (Thamnathsare), a numbering of the sun.

Thanach, humility, or he will answer you.

Thebes, a turning, or to become eggs.

Zib, a wolf.

Zebul, a dwelling place.

Zabulonites, his dwelling place.

FROM RUTH.

Booz, in strength.

Elimelech, my God is king.

Jesse, an offering of islands.

Maalon, from the window, or from the beginning, or a completion.

Noemi, beautiful.

Orpha, her neck.

Ruth, seeing, or hastening, or failing.

FROM THE BOOK OF KINGS, I.

Anna, his grace.

Aphec, new fury, or continually.

Aminadab (Abinadab), my father spontaneous, or urbane.

Abia, father Lord, or he was a father.

Abiel, my father God.

Ammoni, completing, or narrowing me.

Asor, arrow of light.

Ahias, another brother, or his brother.

Ahitob, my good brother.

Ahinaam, the brother's beauty.

Abenner, my father a lamp, or father of a lamp.

Agag, that is, a roof. Armathaim (Ramathaim), their height.

Azeca, strength, or a snare.

Adreel, flocks of God.

Azel, going away, proceeding.

Achis, truly nevertheless a man, my brother, or brother of a man.

Ahimelech, my brother king.

Avilath (Hevila), grieving, or giving birth.

Arth (Haret), delay.

Abiathar, superfluous father.

Achela (Hachila), suspecting her.

Abigal, father of exultation, or father of dew.

Abisa, the burnt offering of my father, or sacrifice.

Aendor, eye, or fountain of generation.

Abigail, the exultation of my father.

Asan, smoking.

Athach, in your time.

Baalim, those having, or ascending, or superior.

Bethahar, house of knowledge or house of the lamb.

Bochorach (Bocorath), your firstborn.

Bezec, poverty.

Badan, alone, or in judgment.

Boses, in him it flourished, or cutting off.

Bama, in which.

Baritha, the pythoness, as they call her.

Bosori (Besor), announcement, or flesh.

Bersabee, well of satiety, or seventh well.

Cariathiarim, city of forests.

Ciis, hard, or the vomit of a man, or vomiting man.

The following are to be read with an added aspiration.

Cherubim, multitude of knowledge.

Chetti, raging, or with me.

Cheretti (Cerethi), killers, which in Greek are expressed more significantly.

Chaleb, as it were heart, or whole heart, or dog.

David, strong of hand, or desirable.

Damainu (Dommim), of bloods.

Doec (Doeg), motion, or anxious: which in Greek is spoken.

Eleazar, unto help, or the help of God.

Escabod (Itchabod), the glory has fallen, or woe to glory. And concerning this, what seems to us has been more fully disputed in the books of Hebrew Questions.

Evilath, from the beginning.

Ebraei, transgressors.

Etthi ( ). with me.

Esthamoe, thinking.

The three names that follow are to be pronounced with an extended letter.

Elcana. The possession of God.

Eliu, my God is this one.

Eliab, my God the father.

Finees, the mouth rested, or the mute mouth, or silent.

Fenenna, conversion.

Falti, to my savior.

Gabaa, a hill.

Galgala, a rolling, or a revelation.

Galioth, revealed, or transmigrating.

Gollim, transmigrating, or revealed.

Gesuri, according to my light, or those applying from my light.

Garizim, cuttings-off.

Gelboe, rolling, or running down, or a raining heap.

Gedori, drawing near, or approaching.

Jeroboam (Jeroham), merciful.

Josue, savior.

Jechonia (in the LXX, VI, 19), preparation of God.

Joel, beginning, or he was of God.

Jabes, dried up.

Jerobaal, judgment of Baal, or the strife of the superior, or of him who has.

Jesavi (Iessui), that is, I have desired.

Jessai, sacrifice of the island, or incense.

Joab, enemy, or he is father.

Jerameeli, the mercy of my God.

Matari (Metri), rain, or it has rained upon me.

Machinas, humility, or touched.

Mageddon (Magron), tempting.

Melchisue, my king salvation, or my king a tyrant.

Merob, from the multitude.

Michol, all water, or from all.

Meolati, from her who gives birth, or from her who grieves for me.

Maon, dwelling-place.

Maoch, emasculated: whom the Greeks call.

Ner, lamp.

Nuath (Najoth), beauty.

Nobe, barking.

Nabal, foolish; but if you wish to read it as NEBEL, it is the name of a measure, or of the psaltery.

Ophni, unshod, or the insatiable desire of conversion.

Odollam, their testimony.

Ramathaim, their high places.

Rachal, commerce.

But Rachel is interpreted as sheep, or one seeing God.

Sophim, watchtower, or rock.

Saupha, watchman, or overflowing.

Sabaoth, of hosts, or of virtues.

Samuel, his name is God.

Semsi, my sun.

Saror, narrowing, or clothed.

Saul, petition.

Salisa, third.

Salim, foxes; but if it is read as Sualim, it is the middle.

Suph, watchtower, or pouring out.

Sena, lifting up, or narrowness, or tooth.

Soba, a command in her.

Sur, upright.

Sama, there, or hearing.

Soccoth (Socho), branch, or humility.

Sechui, foolish.

Sarvia, bound, or narrowness.

Sonaim (Sunam), scarlet, or standing by them.

Sephamoth, lip of death.

Thou, mad, or wandering.

Ziphaei, sprouting, or flourishing.

FROM THE SECOND BOOK OF KINGS.

Asuri (Gessuri), my court.

Abisa, his father's burning, or sacrifice, or holocaust: which is more significantly expressed in Greek.

Asae (Asad), a making, that is

Amman, a cubit, a measure, not an arm.

Ammon (In the Septuagint, II, 24), falsely of the mother.

Abessalom, father of peace.

Adonia, lord of lords. Aggia (Haggith), festive, or solemn.

Abital, my father is dew.

Agla, a young girl, or a heifer. Aia, a vulture.

Adrazer, the help of the comely.

Acchereth, destroying, or scattering.

Ammiel, my people of God.

Amon, giving.

Abisci, father of sacrifice.

Ammiod, my people glorious.

Ahitophel, my brother falling, or rushing in, or my brother thinking, or pondering.

Arachi (Arachites), my length.

Amessa (Amaso), he took away the people.

Aphelethi, wonderful.

Adoniram, the Lord most high.

Adoram, high generation.

Ahiloth (Ahilud), renowned brother.

Armoni, enlightening me, or anathema, or my storehouse, or my house.

Adino (in the Septuagint, XXIII, 8), tender, or delicate.

Ahesani (ibid.), of the will, or by counsel I.

Ahoi ( ), of thorns. Aga (Age), meditating, or speaking.

Ararites, mountaineer.

Adollam, their congregation. Ariel (in the Septuagint; XXIII, 20), lion of God.

Asael, God's making, that is.

Aradius (Harodi), stupefied, or wondering.

Aras (Ira), lifted up.

Alab ( ), milk.

Abiezri (Abiezer), the help of my God.

Anathothithes, answering sign.

Adai (Heddai), strong, or sufficient.

Abialbon, my father above understanding.

Azmath (Azmaveth), strong in death.

Ahiem (Aian), brother of the mother.

Aserai (Hesdrai), my court.

Arunas (Arenna), enlightened ones.

Beurim, chosen ones.

Baana, he came shining.

Berothi, of wells.

Bega, heights.

Banaia, mason, that is, builder of the Lord.

Bethroob, house of streets.

Bethsabee, daughter of fullness: with the first syllable shortened; otherwise, when it is lengthened, it is always interpreted as house.

Belasor, having a ray of light, or ascent of the court. Bethchar, house of the lamb.

Baurim, chosen ones, as above: or young men.

Berzellai, my iron.

Bechori, my firstborn.

Bethmacha, house of the humble, of the marketplace, or of tribute.

Baana, he came answering.

Bareumi, someone fled from him.

Bethoron, house of wrath.

Casir, harvest.

Cabsel, congregation of God. The three names that follow are to be read with an added aspiration. Chalamac, all strength.

Chusi, Ethiopia.

Choretthi, scattering, or dispersing.

Eliaba, by no means hidden.

Except for this name, the rest that follow from this letter are to be read with the first syllable lengthened.

Flisue, the salvation of my God.

Elisame, my God hearing.

Elidahe (Elioda), my God knows.

Eliphaleth, my God saving.

Eliam, the people of my God.

Elianam, with the Lord ruling.

Feletthe, wondrous, or excluding.

Faraothoni, of my flying-away sorrow.

Faarai, these before me.

Gio, wrestling, or to wrestle.

Gelo, depart, or to one departing. Gera, ruminating.

Gom (Gob), a pit.

Gaas, moved.

Gelonites, one who has departed.

Garab, scabby.

Hiram, living on high. Histob, a good man.

Hiras, watching.

Hisboseth, of the force of confusion.

For this reason we have set down these names with aspiration, because both among the Greeks and among the Hebrews they are written with a diphthong.

Jezrael, God sowed.

Jethraam, a superfluous people.

Jebgar (Iebahar), he chose.

Japhie, he illuminates, or shows. Joram, who is lofty, or the hand of the lofty.

Jeroboseth (in the Septuagint, XXIII, 8), judging confusion, that is, disgrace.

Ididia, beloved of the Lord. Jonadab, the Lord's willing one.

Joadahe, himself knowing.

Josaphat, himself judges.

Jodasse, knowing, or cognizant.

Jesbi (Iesbibenob), is in me.

Jaare, dances.

Jejadahe, the knowledge of the Lord, or himself knowing.

Jasan (Jassen), old.

Jagaal, near.

Jaaxaer, he will help.

Jaan (in Heb. XXIV, 6), answering.

Lodabar, to him the word.

Lasabi, he hoped in me.

Manaim (in the LXX, II, 12), consolation, or rest.

Maacha, having labored, or broken.

Memfiboste 3, from the mouth, disgrace. Maana 4, rest.

Maaria (Maharai), my house, or bitter, or from a vision.

Maachati, subdued, that is, softened, mine.

Nephec (Nepheg), applying to the mouth, or a ligyrium: it is a weight of stone. Naas, serpent.

Nethophathi, enclosed.

Neele (in the LXX, in the Alexandrian manuscript, XXIII, 30), a ladder, or a torrent.

Naalia, torrents.

Orchathi, my estimation.

Odsi, my month.

The three names that follow are to be pronounced with a long letter.

Obededom, serving the ground.

Obiada, he himself knows.

Oren (Areuna), wrath.

Resphab.

Racha, a four-horse chariot, or a course.

Roboam, breadth of the people.

Ragal (Rogel), sad, or downward.

Ragalim (Rogelim), feet.

Rapha (Arapha), health.

Ribai, those judging.

Saphatia, judging me.

Sion, a watchtower, or a watchman, or a rock.

Samoe (Samua), a hearing. Sobab, turning.

Soba, a sect, from cutting, not from following.

Susacim, the joy of sackcloth.

Siba, he has come forth.

Saraia, the Lord is prince. Sobach, turning you.

Sunem, scarlet, or lifting up.

Sabe, fullness.

Sadoc, just.

Subi, turn me. Sia (Sira), the needy, or those sleeping.

Subochai, dense, or a thicket.

And concerning this, what seems to us, we have spoken more fully in the books of Hebrew Questions.

Samai, there to me, or hearing.

Salmon, shadow of virtue.

Sarai, my princess.

Salech (Selech), going out.

Thebes, there were in her, or my deeds.

Thalme (Tholmai), furrows.

Thecue, clamor, or trumpet, or striking.

Thecuites, sounding the trumpet, or trumpeter.

Theethim (In Heb. XXIV, 6), lower, or beneath.

These names that we have set down with the letter T are to be read with an added aspiration.

Uria, my light of God.

Usi, hastening.

Urchi, my length.

Usathi, in my hastening.

ON THE BOOK OF KINGS III.

Abisai (Abisag), my father superfluous, or the roaring of my father.

Accherethi (Cerethi), killing, or scattering, or demolishing.

Amasa, taking up the people, or lifting.

Asor, courtyard.

Azaria, help of the Lord.

Ahia, his brother: or where are these? Ahisar, my brother a prince.

Adoniram, my Lord most high.

Abda, his servant. Arobboth (Aruboth), cataracts.

Aser (Epher), dug out.

Abilod, my renowned brother.

Avoth, glory, or.

Argob, accursed height. Adoniram, the Lord most high.

Aelam (in the Septuagint, VI), either doors, or a vestibule.

Adadezer (Adarezer), help of the comely.

Adorram, a lofty generation, or the beauty of the Most High.

Ano (in the Septuagint, XII, 24), their grief.

Asa, taking up, or lifting up.

Avan 6, he overturned them, or moving them, or a fountain.

Anacim, there is no innocent one.

Anani, shown favor to me, or given to me.

Ahab, brother of the father.

Azuba, left behind, or deserted.

Bethsabee 7, daughter of the oath; the first syllable is to be read short.

Benur, son of air, or son of fire.

Bethsames, house of the sun.

Bethanan, house of grace, or of a gift.

Basamath 9, forsaking (variant: abandoning).

Baaloth, those ascending.

Bul, of the bud.

Booz, in strength.

Barasa (Baasa), in want, or coming to do, or those drawing.

Cave (Coa), patience, or the sound of a trumpet.

Carmelus, tender, or soft, or knowledge of circumcision.

Thus far we have read through the simple letter C; from here it must be read with aspiration added.

Chalacad (Chalcol), feeding, or nourishing.

Chamos, gathering, or as if of one touching, or feeling.

Charith, division, or knowledge.

Chanaan, blushing, or merchant.

Dachar (in the Septuagint, IV, 9), piercing.

Dardahe (Dorda), generation of knowledge.

Dabir (in the Septuagint, VI, 6), oracle.

Dui 1, beauty.

Damascus, drinking blood, or giving to drink.

Esda (in the Septuagint, IV, 10), mercy.

Ezraeli (Ezraila), seed of God.

Emori (Amorrhoei), of one being bitter, or speaking.

Esrai (in the Septuagint, II, 12), unworthy, or eastern.

Ezaion (Hezion), vision.

Thus far through the short letter E; from here let us read through the extended.

Eli, my God, or ascending.

Elioreph, winter of God.

Eri, my watchman.

Elon, Aulon, of which we have spoken more fully in the volume of Places.

Ethan, strong, or ascent.

Eman, receiving, or their dread.

Ethanim, of the strong. Esiongaber, will, or the counsel of strengthened sorrow, or youthful.

Ela, cursed things, or they themselves.

Esaion, will, or counsel of grief.

Elia, God the Lord.

Elisae (Eliseus), the salvation of my God.

Felethi, admirably.

Fadaia, the redemption of the Lord.

Gaber, a man, or a youth, or strong, or manfully.

Goneabath, the theft of a daughter.

Gonath (Gineth), your arrogance, or your garden.

Geezi (Gazer), seeing a steep place, or the vision of a valley.

Gir (Gera), division, or a cutting off. Gozan, their shearing, or their strength.

Gabe, a hill.

Godoliu, the magnifying of the Lord.

Izabel, a fellow-dweller, or vain flowing.

Jacomam (Jecman), he avenges the people.

Jair, he has enlightened.

Jachon (Jachin), preparation.

Jeroboam, judging the people, or judging over us.

Jessai, sacrifice of islands, or burnt offering.

Josia, whose is the sacrifice to the Lord, or salvation of the Lord, or strength of the Lord.

Jeu, he himself, or he is.

Joram, who is exalted.

Josaphat, judgment of the Lord.

Jemla, fullness, or circumcision.

Leben, building, or white.

Mageddo, its upper rooms. Maacha, striking, or struck.

Maces, concerning the end.

Maol, chorus, or fullness. Merab, concerning the multitude.

Malathra (in the Septuagint, VI, 5), despising, or division.

Mechonoth (in the Septuagint, VII, 43), supports: which the Greeks call, that is,.

Melloth, fullness, or fulfilled.

Machaia (Michoeas), what here? an adverb of place, or who will rule.

Mosae, savior, or from the savior.

Nephaddor, scattered generation. Neena. image.

Neisoth, station.

Nabaoth, conspicuous, or session, or exclusion.

Nadab: spontaneous.

Naama: beauty.

Naamani: beauty of my gift.

Nesib (in the Septuagint, XVII, 28): standing.

Namsi: touching, handling, or feeling.

Omri (Amri): my curling, or my sheaf.

Oza (in the Septuagint, XVI, 9) (Osa): strong of the Lord.

Olda: destruction, or a turning aside. The three names that follow are to be pronounced with a long letter. Og: gathering.

Ophir: weakening.

Obedia (Abdias): serving the Lord.

Rei: my shepherd.

Ramoth: vision of death.

Razon: mystical, or consecrated. Rabaam: rush of the people, or breadth. Roboam: of the people.

Sunamith: whoever dies, or put to death.

Sisa: temptation, or made of flour. Saalabim: burdening the understanding.

Soca (Socho): branch.

Sartham (Sarthana): their tribulation, or of the demolished, or of those who narrow.

Sion: watchtower, or command, or impassable.

Saba: captive.

Sathan: contrary, or adversary.

Suba: burned, or turning. Sadada (Sareda): his side: from "side," not from "breadth."

Sarua: leprosy.

Sesac: hyssus of cilice, or the joy of the cilice.

Sichima: shoulders.

Semeia: hearing the Lord.

Somer: guard.

Sali (Salai): sent.

Sophar (in the Septuagint, IX, 28): to scatter, to divide.

Sigub: to lift up.

Sareptha: burning, or affliction of bread.

Sidonia: useless hunting.

Saphat: judging.

Sedecia: the Lord is just.

Taphat: a little one has come.

Tabremmon: good for seeing, or good height, or their good vision.

Up to this point we have read through the simple letter T: from here it must be read with aspiration added.

Thanach: he answers.

Thermad (Ms. A. IX, 18): exploration of redemption.

Thafisa: limping, or remission of life.

Thedor: a peg.

Themor (in Hebrew, IX, 18): Smyrna.

Tharsis: exploration of joy.

Thaphnes: a covered sign, which is expressed more significantly in Greek.

Tirzah: pleasing.

Tibni: my chaff.

Tishbite: taking captive, or turning.

Zoeleth: drawn out, or protracted.

Zabud: a flowing brand, which in common speech they call a firebrand.

Zimri (Zambri): this one is provoking, or embittering; for properly the name is formed from bitterness.

Zava: iniquity.

Zabadiah: endowed of the Lord.

FROM THE FOURTH BOOK OF KINGS.

Ahiel (Ahijah): living to God, or seeing God.

Abiram: to an exalted father.

Hazael: seen by God.

Hadad: paternal uncle, or cousin, or witness.

Ahaziah (Ochosias): laying hold of God, or the strength of the Lord, or his strength. Abana: his stones.

Athaliah: the time of the Lord, or his time, or the temporal [things] of the Lord.

Aramaththai (Amathi): casting down with.

Arnon: their light, or the ark of sorrow.

Amessiah (Amaziah): strong of the Lord, or a lifted-up people.

Aphek: he shall contain, or shall lay hold.

Amiah: strong of the Lord, or the people of the Lord.

Amathi: my truth.

Azaria: the Lord is my helper.

Assith (in Heb. XV, 5): liberty.

Argob: cursing the Most High. Ariel (Arie): lion of God.

Asor: arrow of light.

Aaz: containing, or comprehending.

Ala: weakness.

Abur (Habor): envy or a wound.

Asama (apud LXX, XVIII, 30): offense.

Adramelech: the king's robe, or the king's beauty.

Anamelech: answering to the king. Abisa: my will is in her. Asaph: gathering.

Arphad: healing, or healed. Anei (Ana): is he perhaps moved?

Amos: strong.

Ararat: Armenia, or a convulsed mountain.

Asaradan: conquering, or sharpened. Arus: cut in, or golden. Adala: testimony of the Lord.

Abicam: my brother rising. Asaia: to the Lord who makes.

Achbor: mouse.

Aars: sun.

Amutal: warmed by dew.

Avil (Evil): foolish, senseless.

Baalzebub: devouring the fly.

Baalsalisa: having a third.

Badacar: he came to be pricked.

Bethagan 7: house of a garden.

Bethacon: house of sculpture. Basan: confusion, or fatness, or dryness.

Bedec (in the LXX, XII, 5): restoration.

Banada (Benadad): a comely son.

Baladan: he came judging for himself, or vanity for himself.

Basecath: fatness.

Bethim: in houses 9.

Cabalaam (in the LXX, XV, 10): he cast down.

Cadesim (in the LXX, XXIII, 7): changed, or effeminate.

Caree: bald.

Up to this point we have read through the simple letter C; henceforth it must be pronounced with aspiration added.

Chabratha 11: election; on this matter

a fuller discussion has been given in the books of Hebrew Questions.

Charith (in the LXX, XXV, 23): cutting off.

Charan: wrath, or a hole.

Chomarim (in the LXX, XXIII, 5): temple-keepers.

Ezer: separated, sanctified.

Elchiam: portion of the Lord.

Ephsiba: my will in her 1.

Eseliau: he is near the Lord.

Ennam: behold, these things are.

Eennathan (Elnathan): to Danlel, or God giving.

Let us set forth the four names that follow with the extended letter.

Eloth: the sign of the ram, or the ramming.

Elam: people of God, or before the doors.

Elia: of God the Lord.

Eliacim: resurrection of God.

Esaia: salvation of the Lord.

Farfar: diggers, or scatterings, or moles.

Ful: ruin, or falling.

Faceia: by the Lord opening, or assumption of the mouth.

Falasar: falling prince, or the falling prince.

Farurim: torn apart.

Fasee: a crossing over, or one who has transgressed.

Fadai: redemption of the Lord.

Jeblaam: he swallows.

Josabe: where is fullness? or the Lord's fullness.

Jodae: knowledge of the Lord.

Jozachar: memory of the Lord, or he who is mindful.

Jozahad: gift of the Lord, or he who is endowed.

Joaaz: where is holding back? or the Lord's holding back.

Joadina: the Lord's delicate one, or she who is delicate, or tender.

Jactel: heaven of God, or help of God.

Jona: dove, or where is he given? or grieving.

Jachalia: strength of the Lord.

Joatham: completed, or perfect.

Jezecia: grasping the Lord, or strength of the Lord.

Joahe: where is the brother, or brother of the Lord, or the making of the brother.

Jothaba: those sinning in her.

Ididia: beloved of the Lord, or beloved of him.

Jeremiahu: exalted of the Lord.

Jezania (Jezonias): hearing, or listening to the Lord.

Joiacim: resurrection of the Lord, or the Lord raising up, or he who is rising.

Masaa (Messa): burden, or assumption.

Matthan: given, or giving. Manem: consoling.

Manaa (in the Septuagint, VIII, 2; and XVII, often): consolation, or gift, or sacrifice.

Medon: their waters.

Mocchota (Chuta): her plagues.

Mochoth: plagues.

Marodach: bitter arrogance, or contention.

Messalem (Messulam): rendering, or rendered.

Masena: second.

Mazaroth (in the Septuagint, XXIII, 5): which the astrologers assert to be the twelve signs.

Moloch: king.

Mesthi (in the Septuagint, 23:15): variety.

Mageddo: from temptation.

Mathania: gift of God.

Mechonoth (in the Septuagint, 16:17): supports, which we may also call.

Massephath: watchtower, or contemplation.

Merodach: sending bitterness.

Mamzamaroth (in the Hebrew, 25:14): tridents, or pitchforks, which the Greeks call.

Naboc: prophet, or prophesying.

Naaman: their ornament, or commotion.

Nergal: lamp of the heap.

Nabaaz: he prophesied then, or beginning of a session.

Noesthan: their bronze.

Ninive: fruitful, or sprout of beauty, or beautiful.

Nesrach: tender fugitive, or tender temptation.

Nechota (in the Septuagint, 20:13): his storax, or spices.

Necho: I struck.

Nabuchodonosor: prophecy of a narrow flask, or prophesying such a sign, or session in the knowledge of distress.

Noostha: his bronze.

Nabuzardan: he prophesied winnowing forks, which are commonly called fans, or prophecy of another's judgment.

Nathania: by the gift of the Lord.

Rechab: ascent, or high places.

Ramalia: the Lord's exalted one.

Raason (Rasin): course or complacency, or pleasing, which the Greeks call more expressively.

Rabsaris: chief eunuch, or master, or the leading eunuch.

Rabsace: chief kisser, or much in kissing.

Raphes (in the Septuagint, XVIII, 17): birds, or the course of the mouth.

Rablai: much of this, or many things.

Ruma: high places.

Reblath: this much, or multitude.

Sunem: teeth, or scarlet, or variety.

Samariam: guarded.

Sabath: rest, or intermission.

Sir ( ): a cauldron, or a hall, which the common people call a pot.

Saderoth: walls, or public porticoes (in the Septuagint, XI, 15).

Sabia: a roe, or damages.

Sela: always.

Semath: hearing.

Saalum: rendering.

Salmanasar: perfect in a bond, or for binding.

Sapharvaim: books, or letters.

Sechchothbanoth (variant Sochothanoth): tabernacles, or the shadows of daughters.

Sennacherib: lifting up, or raising the deserts.

Sobnas: sitting, or returning.

Saesdema: pestilent air, which the Greeks call more expressively.

Sarasar: prince of tribulation.

Saphau (Saphan): his lip.

Sademoth (in the LXX, XXIII, 5): fields, or regions.

Saraia: bound.

Saphania: the Lord has hidden, or the protection of the Lord.

All names that are set down with the letter T are to be pronounced with aspiration added.

Thaphse: indignant, or a session of stumbling.

Theglath: transmigrating; it is to be understood in an active sense, which in Greek is said, that is, transferring others.

Tharthach: overthrow, which the Greeks call better.

Thartan: he gave a turtle-dove, or superfluous, or removing far off.

Thalasar: a weighed prince.

Thaasar: riches.

Thecum (Thecue): patience.

Therach (Tharaca): elongated; or, to render it as a proper name, Proculus.

Thoph (Topheth): protection of the mouth, or gehenna.

Theraphim (in the LXX, XXIII, 24): burnings; but better, images, or figures, which the Greeks call [—].

Thanameth (Thanehumeth): consoler.

ON THE PSALTER.

Abessalon: father of peace.

Asaph: gathering.

Aleph: a thousand, or doctrine.

Ain: a fountain, or an eye.

Baalpheor: having a opening, or having a mouth of skin, or leathern.

Beth: a house.

Babylon: confusion.

Cades: changed, or holy.

Coph: a calling, or a bird; but better, a shaking off, which the Greeks call [—]. Cedar: darkness, or grief.

Chusi: an Ethiopian.

Caph: a hand, a palm, or the hollow of the hand.

Daleth: a poor man, or tablets, or a door.

Ezraites: seed of God.

Ermon: his anathema, or the anathema of grief.

Ephrata: fruitful, or indeed you see.

He: she, or this, or receiving.

Heth: life, or liveliness.

Fe: a mouth; from mouth, not from bone: or a snare, a trap.

Gebal: defining, or dividing.

Gimel: retribution, or fullness.

Jemini: my right hand.

Idithun: leaping over them, or knowing them.

Iod: beginning or knowledge, or ruler.

Lamed: teaching, or instruction.

Mem: from which, or from them, or water.

Nun: offspring, or fish, or everlasting.

Res: head.

Salmoe: shadow of stumbling, or perceiving, or image of strength.

Samech: firmament; although some think it erection, or help, or support.

Sade: region, or justice, or hunting.

Sin: teeth.

Teth: good.

The remaining four that follow are to be pronounced with an added aspiration.

Thabor: coming light, or let light come.

Thau: sign, or beneath.

Thalasar: he weighed out the prince.

Thobel: to offer.

Vau: and he himself.

Zebec: victim, or sacrifice.

Zain: olive, or fornication, or these.

CONCERNING THE ALPHABET of the Hebrews I judge that I have discussed more fully in the Letter which I wrote to Saint Paula on the one hundred and eighteenth psalm.

CONCERNING THE PROPHET ISAIAH.

Aith (Ajat), condemnation.

AElamitae, despisers, or compared.

Asaph, gathering.

Arran, wrath, or being angry.

Ane, has he been moved.

Ava (Aua), iniquity.

Adramelech, kingdom of ornaments, or ornamented king.

Aserdan, bond of the skin, or of judgment, or sharpened.

Achor, disturbance, or tumult, or perversion.

Barachia, blessed of the Lord, or blessed is the Lord 2.

Bosra, in tribulation.

Baladan, coming to judge her.

Bel, old age, or without.

Citiorum (Cethim), of the cut-down, or of the blow of consummation.

Carthaginis, of scrutiny.

Cyro, to the heir.

The two names that follow are to be read with aspiration.

Chalane, all.

Chelciau ( ), the Lord is my portion.

Dimaon (Dibon) mourning suffices for them.

Deseth (In Heb. XXI, 10), trampling, or anointing.

Dodanim, paternal cousins.

Emmanuel, God with us.

Eleale, to the ascent, or to the climbing up

Eglaim (in the Septuagint, XV, 8), of calves, or of a heifer.

Ezaon (in Hebrew, I, 1), vision.

The three names that follow are to be pronounced with a long letter.

Elamitae, of these, or compared, or despising.

Elim (where above in the Septuagint), flowing, or failing.

Epha, released, or pouring out.

Facee, opening.

Fud (in the Septuagint, LXV, 19), put on.

Gebim, ditches.

Gozam, their nut.

Jasub 4, returning.

Jaas (Jassa), half, or he was.

Joach 5, whose is the brother: but better, confessing, or glorifying.

Jerusalem 6, vision of peace.

Laisa, lion.

Lunh, jaws, or cheeks.

Lud, useful, or turning aside, or perhaps.

Madian, iniquity.

Magro ( ), to the throat, or from the gullet.

Machmas, tribute of the village, or of touch.

Madabena, from his leap.

Memphis, from the mouth.

Marodach, bitter contrition, or shamelessness.

Mosoch, those receiving.

Nabao, prophecy, or those coming.

Nemrim: of leopards, or of apostates.

Nineve: fruitful, or offspring of beauty, or beautiful.

Nasarach: a soft shoot, or tender.

Nabo: a seat, or one coming upon.

Ozia: strength of the Lord.

Oronim: a hole of sorrow.

Ramelia: the Lord is exalted. Reseph:

Rabba (in Hebrew, I, 11): many, or a multitude.

Sorec 7: the best, or the chosen.

Sicera (in the Septuagint, v, 11): drunkenness.

Seraphim: burning ones, or setting on fire.

Siloa: sent.

Sion: a watchtower.

Sabaoth: of hosts, or of powers, or of armies 8.

Samariam: their guard. Suphir 9: void.

Sabama: lifting up height.

Sargan: prince of the garden.

Sobnam: sitting, or returning. Sisaim (Sabaim): going out.

Saron: prince of sorrow, or singing sadness.

Sarusar: prince of tribulation, or exaltation 10.

Sabaim: captives.

Sabe: captivity.

Tabeel: good God.

Tains: commanding lowly things.

Zacharia: remembrance of the Lord.

CONCERNING THE PROPHET HOSEA.

Beeri: my well, or in the light.

Baalim: in the high places, or those having, or men.

Debelaim: cakes.

Jotham: the Lord's consummation, or perfection.

Jezrael: the seed of God.

Jarib (Jarim): judging, or avenging.

Jerebeel: the judgment of God, or judging the highest.

Maamaad (in the Septuagint, VI; in Hebrew IX, Machmas): desirable.

Hosea: saving, or saved.

On (in the Septuagint, IV, 16, and X, 5, and VIII): uselessness, or grief, or iniquity.

Salmana: consummated, or perfect.

Subnim: a station, or those standing.

CONCERNING AMOS.

Amos: strong, or robust, or one tearing away the people.

Accaren: the pasture of the flock, or in the pastures, which in Greek is called.

Amesia: the light of the Lord, or one lifting up the people.

Gaza: his strength.

Gog (in the Septuagint, VII, 1): that is, a roof.

Malchon: our king.

Rephan: your making, or your rest.

Sarphath (in Hebrew, IV, 11), burning.

Theman, the south.

Thecue, trumpet, or horn, or striking: which the Greeks call.

CONCERNING MICAH.

Ahaz, grasping, or holding. Anakim (in the Septuagint, II, 10), refusing humility.

Micah, who is this? an adverb of place: or who is that one?

Morasthi 4, my heir.

Nimrod, apostate.

CONCERNING JOEL.

F and I.

Pethuel 7, the breadth of God, or God opening.

Joel, beginning, or he is of God 8.

CONCERNING OBADIAH.

Obadiah, servant of the Lord.

CONCERNING JONAH. A and I.

Amittai, my truth, or my faithful one.

Jonah, dove, or grieving.

Joppa, beauty.

CONCERNING NAHUM. E, N and S.

Elkoshite, of the advocate.

Nineveh, beautiful.

Nahum, comforter. Senam, abundance.

Saraphad 9, burning.

CONCERNING HABAKKUK.

Habakkuk 10, embracing.

CONCERNING ZEPHANIAH. A, G and S.

Amariah, when the Lord speaks 11,

Gedaliah, the Lord has been magnified, or magnificent.

Zephaniah, hiding with 12.

CONCERNING HAGGAI. A, I, S, and Z.

Haggai, festive, or solemn.

Josedech, the Lord's righteous one, or justified.

Salathiel, seeking the Lord, or the Lord's petition.

Zerubbabel, prince, or master of Babylon, or foreign translation, or born in Babylon.

CONCERNING ZECHARIAH. A, C, R, and S.

Addo, servant, or his witness, or his strength.

Asael, God's making.

Ananeel, God's grace.

Chaseleu, his hope.

Ragom, winter, or much offense.

Rama, high places.

Sabat, scepter, or rod.

Sedrach (Hadrach), my comely one.

CONCERNING MALACHI. E, M, and T.

Elijah, God the Lord.

Malachi, my angel.

Thesbite, taking captive.

CONCERNING THE PROPHET JEREMIAH.

Anathoth, answer, or answering sign, or obedience.

Amon, faithful, or nourishing, or burden.

Achbor, mouse.

Ananta, grace scattered, or God's grace.

Azor, helped.

Amasia, God's making.

Anameel, to whom God gave.

Asedemoth (in the Septuagint, XXXVIII, 40), fields, or suburban places.

Ananeel, grace of God.

Azecha, enclosed with a bolt, or strong.

Abania, grace of the father.

Ania, grace of the Lord, or the Lord giving.

Abdiel, serving God.

Abdemelech, servant of the king.

Asa, a making.

Aphree, alien fury, or a life scattered and torn apart.

Azau (Isaiah), his strength.

Aroer, dug under, but better tamarisk.

Alasa, threefold, or thrice-woven.

Ahi (Hai), a question, or a valley, or he lives.

Arphath, healing.

Aschenez, fire thus sprinkled.

Amuthal, warmed dew.

Avil (Evilmerodach), foolish, unwise.

Buz, despised, or contempt.

Baruch, blessed.

Baalis (Baalim), having a husband. Baasa, a making that is coming.

Bosor (Bosra), tribulation.

Bel, old age.

Cariathiarim, city of groves, or of woods.

Colaia (Colias), a voice has been made.

Cedron, sad mourning, or grief.