Kalendarium Anno CCCLIV Conscriptum

Coptic	Rendering	Count	First
no glossary terms recorded

tmp210.tmp210.opp-lat1:1 · narrativehigh

Source

KALENDARIUM ANTIQUUM FURII DIONYSII FILOCALI ANNO CCCLIV CONSCRIPTUM. MENSIS JANUARIUS. Habet dies XXXI. AAA Kal. Jan. Senatus legitimus. bb IV. Non. Dies AEgyptiacus. cc III. Ludi. Votorum nuncupatio. B dd prid. Ludi. ee Non. Ludi. ff VIII Idus. Dies AEgyptiacus. C gg VII. Jano Patri CMXXIV. Ah VI. bA V. Senatus legitimus. D cb IV. dc III. Dies Carmentariorum. ed prid. E fe Idib. Jovi Statori CMXXIV. gf XIX. Kal. Febr. Ag XVIII. Carmentalia. F bh XVII. Dies AEgyptiacus. cA XVI. Ludi Palatini. db XV. Ludi. G ec XIV. Ludi. fd XIII. N. Gordiani CMXXIV. ge XII. Ludi. H Af XI. Ludi. bg X. Senatus leg. SOL AQUARIO. ch IX. N. Divi Adriani CMXXIV. I dA VIII. N. Chartis. cb VII. fc VI. K gd V. Ae IV. bf III. A cg prid. FEBRUARIUS. Habet dies XXVIII. dh Kal. Febr. N. Herculis CMXXIV. eA IV. Non. B fb III. Senatus legitimus.

English

Ancient Calendar of Furius Dionysius Filocalus Written in the Year 354. Month of January. Has 31 days. AAA Kalends of January. Lawful Senate. bb 4th before the Nones. Egyptian Day. cc 3rd. Games. Vow-taking. B dd 2nd before the Nones. Games. ee Nones. Games. ff 8th before the Ides. Egyptian Day. C gg 7th. To Father Janus, 1,924,000. Ah 6th. bA 5th. Lawful Senate. D cb 4th. dc 3rd. Festival of the Carmentarii. ed 2nd before the Ides. E fe Ides. To Jupiter Stator, 1,924,000. gf 19th before the Kalends of February. Ag 18th. Carmentalia. F bh 17th. Egyptian Day. cA 16th. Palatine Games. db 15th. Games. G ec 14th. Games. fd 13th. Birthday of Gordian, 1,924,000. ge 12th. Games. H Af 11th. Games. bg 10th. Lawful Senate. Sun in Aquarius. ch 9th. Birthday of the Deified Hadrian, 1,924,000. I dA 8th. Birthday of Chartis. cb 7th. fc 6th. K gd 5th. Ae 4th. bf 3rd. A cg 2nd before the Kalends. FEBRUARY. Has 28 days. dh Kalends of February. Birthday of Hercules, 1,924,000. eA 4th before the Nones. B fb 3rd. Lawful Senate.

Commentary

structuretextKALENDARIUM ANTIQUUM FURII DIONYSII FILOCALI

The heading identifies the work as an ancient calendar compiled by Furius Dionysius Filocalus, a Roman scribe and calligrapher active in the mid-4th century. The year 354 is given in the consular dating system, marking the consulship of Constantius Augustus and Constantius Caesar.

backgroundtextSenatus legitimus

The phrase 'Senatus legitimus' (lawful Senate) indicates days on which the Roman Senate could legally convene. This reflects the calendar's function as a civic and religious record, not merely a list of festivals.

termtextDies AEgyptiacus

'Dies AEgyptiacus' (Egyptian Day) refers to days considered unlucky in Roman tradition, derived from Egyptian astrological or calendrical lore. These are marked in the calendar as days to avoid certain activities.

backgroundtextCMXXIV

The numeral 'CMXXIV' (1,924,000) appears after several entries, such as 'Jano Patri' and 'Jovi Statori'. This likely records the number of victims sacrificed or a monetary sum dedicated to the deity, reflecting the scale of public religious expenditure.

datingtextN. Gordiani

'N. Gordiani' marks the birthday (natalis) of the emperor Gordian III (reigned 238–244). The inclusion of imperial birthdays shows the calendar's integration of dynastic commemoration with traditional Roman festivals.

receptiontextN. Divi Adriani

'N. Divi Adriani' records the birthday of the deified emperor Hadrian (reigned 117–138). The use of 'Divi' (deified) indicates his official apotheosis, a standard honor for emperors posthumously recognized as gods.

Open questions · 2

The meaning of 'Chartis' in the entry 'N. Chartis' is uncertain; it may refer to a deity or a person, possibly a corruption or abbreviation.
The exact significance of the numeral 'CMXXIV' is ambiguous; it could represent a number of sacrifices, a monetary sum, or a count of participants.

tmp210.tmp210.opp-lat1:2 · narrativehigh

Source

gc prid. Ludi Gotthici. Ad Non. Ludi. C be VIII. Idus. Ludi. cf VII. Ludi. Dies AEgyptiacus. dg VI. Ludi. D ch V. Gotthici. CMXXIV. fA IV. gb III. Genialici. CMXXIV. E Ac prid, Ludi Genialici. bd Idib. Virgo Vesta parentat. Senatus legitimus· F ce XVI. Kal. Mar. df XV. Lupercalia. eg XIV. G fh XIII. Quirinalia. gA XII. Ab XI. H bc X. SOL PISCIBUS. cd IX. Feralia. de VIII. Caristia. I ef VII. Terminalia. fg VI. Regifugium. gh V. Lotio, CMXII. Dies AEgypt. K AA IV. bb III. N. D. Constantini CMXXIV. cc prid. Ludi votivi. MARTIUS. Habet dies XXXI. A dd Kal. Mar. N. Martis CMXXIII. ee VI. Non. ff V. Senatus leg. Dies AEgyptiucus. B gg IV. Ah III. Isidis navigium. bA prid. C cb Non. Junonalia. dc VIII. Idus. ed VII. Arma ancilia movent. D fe VI. gf V. Ag IV. E bh III. Jovi cultori CMXXIV. cA prid. Mamuralia. Senatus leg.

English

gc day before the Nones. Gothic Games. At the Nones. Games. C be 8th before the Ides. Games. cf 7th. Games. Egyptian Day. dg 6th. Games. D ch 5th. Gothic Games. 1924. fA 4th. gb 3rd. Genialic Games. 1924. E Ac day before. Genialic Games. bd Ides. The Vestal Virgin performs rites for the dead. Lawful Senate. F ce 16th before the Kalends of March. df 15th. Lupercalia. eg 14th. G fh 13th. Quirinalia. gA 12th. Ab 11th. H bc 10th. Sun in Pisces. cd 9th. Feralia. de 8th. Caristia. I ef 7th. Terminalia. fg 6th. Regifugium. gh 5th. Washing. 1912. Egyptian Day. K AA 4th. bb 3rd. Birthday of Constantine. 1924. cc day before. Votive Games. March. Has 31 days. A dd Kalends of March. Birthday of Mars. 1923. ee 6th before the Nones. ff 5th. Lawful Senate. Egyptian Day. B gg 4th. Ah 3rd. Navigation of Isis. bA day before. C cb Nones. Junonalia. dc 8th before the Ides. ed 7th. The sacred shields are moved. D fe 6th. gf 5th. Ag 4th. E bh 3rd. To Jupiter the Cultivator. 1924. cA day before. Mamuralia. Lawful Senate.

Commentary

sensetextLudi Gotthici

The 'Gothic Games' (Ludi Gotthici) appear twice in this passage, on the day before the Nones of February and on the 5th before the Ides of February. These games likely commemorate a Roman victory over the Goths, possibly under Constantine or a later emperor, though the specific historical event is uncertain.

termglossaryDies AEgyptiacus

The 'Egyptian Day' (Dies AEgyptiacus) is a day considered unlucky in Roman calendars, often marked with a warning. It appears here on the 7th before the Ides of February and on the 5th before the Nones of March, consistent with its use in other ancient fasti.

backgroundbackgroundLupercalia

The Lupercalia, celebrated on February 15, was an ancient Roman pastoral festival involving purification and fertility rites. Its inclusion here confirms the calendar's adherence to traditional Roman religious observances, even as Christian influence grew in the 4th century.

structuretextMARTIUS

The passage transitions from February to March with the heading 'MARTIUS' and the note 'Habet dies XXXI' (Has 31 days). This structural marker is typical of the Filocalian calendar, which organizes months with day counts and a repeating sequence of letters (A–H) for market cycles.

datingtextN. D. Constantini

The entry 'N. D. Constantini' (Birthday of Constantine) on February 27 (3rd before the Kalends of March) commemorates the emperor Constantine I, who died in 337. The number 1924 likely refers to a year in the Seleucid era or another local reckoning, though its exact basis is debated.

cautiontextCMXXIV

The numbers 'CMXXIV' (924) and 'CMXII' (912) appear alongside festivals, possibly indicating sums of money or foundation years. Their meaning is uncertain; they may refer to the foundation of Rome (AUC) or another era, but the values do not align with standard Roman chronology.

Open questions · 2

The numbers CMXXIV and CMXII are ambiguous: they may represent years in the Seleucid era, foundation dates, or monetary amounts, but no definitive interpretation is given.
The phrase 'Virgo Vesta parentat' is unclear: it likely refers to a Vestal Virgin performing rites for the dead (parentalia), but the exact ritual is not specified.

tmp210.tmp210.opp-lat1:3 · narrativehigh

Source

db Idib, Canna intrat. F ec XVII. Kal. Apr. fd XVI. Liber. CMXXIV. SOL ARIETE. ge XV. G Af XIV. Quinquatria. bg XIII. Pelosia. ch XII. N. Minerves. H dA XI. Arbor intrat. eb X. Tubilustrium. fc IX. Sanguen. Dies AEgyptiacus. I gd VIII. Hilaria. Ae VII. Requetio. bf VI. Lavatio. K cg V. Initium Cajani. ak IV. eA III. A fb prid. N· Divi Constantini CMXXIV. APRILIS. Habet dies XXX. gc Kal. Apr. Veneralia. Ludi. Sen. leg. Ad IV. Non. B be III. N.D. Quir. CMXXIV. Dics AEgyp. cf prid. Ludi Megalesiaci. dg Non. Ludi. C eh VIII Idus. Ludi fA VII. N. Castor et Pollucis CMXXIV. gb VI. Ludi. D Ac V. Megalesiaci CMXXIV. bd IV. N. Divi Severi. CMXXIV. ce III. Ludi Cerealici. CMXXIV. E df prid. eg Idib. Ludi. Senatus legitimus. F fh. XVIII. Kal. Mai. Ludi. gA XVII. Ludi. Ab XVI. Ludi. G bc XV. Ludi. cd XIV. Ludi. SOL TAURO.

English

db Ides. Canna enters. F ec 17th before the Kalends of April. fd 16th. Liber. 1924. Sun in Aries. ge 15th. G Af 14th. Quinquatria. bg 13th. Pelosia. ch 12th. N. Minerves. H dA 11th. Arbor enters. eb 10th. Tubilustrium. fc 9th. Sanguen. Egyptian Day. I gd 8th. Hilaria. Ae 7th. Requetio. bf 6th. Lavatio. K cg 5th. Initium Cajani. ak 4th. eA 3rd. A fb day before. N. Divi Constantini 1924. APRIL. Has 30 days. gc Kalends of April. Veneralia. Games. Senate legitimate. Ad 4th before the Nones. B be 3rd before the Nones. N.D. Quir. 1924. Egyptian Day. cf day before the Nones. Megalesian Games. dg Nones. Games. C eh 8th before the Ides. Games. fA 7th. N. Castor and Pollux 1924. gb 6th. Games. D Ac 5th. Megalesian 1924. bd 4th. N. Divi Severi 1924. ce 3rd. Cerealian Games 1924. E df day before. eg Ides. Games. Senate legitimate. F fh 18th before the Kalends of May. Games. gA 17th. Games. Ab 16th. Games. G bc 15th. Games. cd 14th. Games. Sun in Taurus.

Commentary

termtextCanna intrat

‘Canna intrat’ marks the entry of a reed or torch procession, likely a ritual for the Magna Mater (Cybele) preceding the Hilaria. The phrase is unique to this calendar.

backgroundbackgroundQuinquatria

Quinquatria (March 19–23) were festivals of Minerva, particularly associated with artisans and students. The date here (March 19) marks the start.

backgroundbackgroundHilaria

Hilaria (March 25) was a day of rejoicing in the Cybele-Attis cycle, following the mourning period. It often involved public games and license.

termtextRequetio

‘Requetio’ is a hapax legomenon, likely a variant of ‘Requietio’ (rest) or a ritual pause in the Cybele festival. Its exact meaning is uncertain.

termtextLavatio

‘Lavatio’ (March 27) refers to the ritual washing of Cybele’s statue in the Almo River, a key ceremony of the Megalesia.

structuretextN. Divi Constantini

The entry ‘N. Divi Constantini’ (March 28) marks the natalis (birthday) of Constantine I, deified after his death in 337. This is a Christian imperial addition to the pagan calendar.

Open questions · 1

The reading 'Requetio' is uncertain; it may be a scribal error for 'Requietio' or a distinct ritual term. 'Canna intrat' could refer to a reed (canna) or a torch (canna as a torch), but the exact object is ambiguous.

tmp210.tmp210.opp-lat1:4 · narrativemedium

Source

de XIII. Cerealici. CMXXIV. H ef XII. fg XI. N. Urbis. CMXXIV. Dies AEgyp. gh X. I AA IX. bb VIII. cc VII. Serapia. K dd VI. N. M. Antonini. CMXXIV. ee V. ff IV. A gg III. Ah prid. Ludi florales. MAIUS. Habet dies XXXI. bA Kal. Mai. Senatus legitimus. B cb VI. Non. Ludi. dc V. Floralici. CMXXIV. Dies AEgyp. ed IV. Ludi Maximati. C fe III. Ludi. gf prid. Ludi. Ag Non. Ludi. D bh VIII. Idus. Ludi. cA VII. Maximati CMXXIV. db VI N. Claudii CMXXIV. E ec V. fd IV. ge III. F Af prid. Ludi. bg Idib. N. Mercurii. Senatus leg. ch XVII. Kal. Jun. Ludi. G dA XVI. Perfici. CMXXIV. eb XV. N. Annonis. fc XIV. Zenziarius. H gd XIII. SOL GEMIN. Ae XII. Dies AEgyptiacus. bf XI. I cg X. Macellus rosa sumat. dh IX. eA VIII. K fb VII. gc VI. Ad V. A be IV Ludi. Honor et Virtus Zinza. cf III. Ludi dg prid. Ludi.

English

13th. Cerealici. 1924. H ef 12th. fg 11th. Birthday of the City. 1924. Egyptian Day. gh 10th. I AA 9th. bb 8th. cc 7th. Serapia. K dd 6th. Birthday of M. Antoninus. 1924. ee 5th. ff 4th. A gg 3rd. Ah day before. Floral games. MAY. Has 31 days. bA Kalends of May. Lawful Senate. B cb 6th Nones. Games. dc 5th. Floralici. 1924. Egyptian Day. ed 4th. Maximati games. C fe 3rd. Games. gf day before. Games. Ag Nones. Games. D bh 8th Ides. Games. cA 7th. Maximati 1924. db 6th. Birthday of Claudius 1924. E ec 5th. fd 4th. ge 3rd. F Af day before. Games. bg Ides. Birthday of Mercury. Lawful Senate. ch 17th Kalends of June. Games. G dA 16th. Perfici. 1924. eb 15th. Birthday of Annona. fc 14th. Zenziarius. H gd 13th. Sun in Gemini. Ae 12th. Egyptian Day. bf 11th. I cg 10th. Macellus takes roses. dh 9th. eA 8th. K fb 7th. gc 6th. Ad 5th. A be 4th. Games. Honor and Virtue Zinza. cf 3rd. Games. dg day before. Games.

Commentary

termtextCerealici

Cerealici refers to the Cerealia, games in honor of Ceres, held in April. The entry marks the 13th day before the Kalends of May (19 April).

termtextN. Urbis

N. Urbis stands for Natalis Urbis, the birthday of the city of Rome, traditionally celebrated on 21 April. The entry appears on the 11th day before the Kalends of May (21 April).

termtextSerapia

Serapia denotes the festival of Serapis, an Egyptian deity popular in the Roman Empire. The entry occurs on the 7th day before the Kalends of May (25 April).

termtextN. M. Antonini

N. M. Antonini marks the birthday of Marcus Antoninus, likely the emperor Marcus Aurelius (born 26 April). The entry is on the 6th day before the Kalends of May (26 April).

termtextLudi florales

Ludi florales are the Floralia, games in honor of Flora, held from 28 April to 3 May. The entry appears on the day before the Kalends of May (30 April).

termtextN. Claudii

N. Claudii marks the birthday of Claudius, likely the emperor Claudius (born 1 August, but here on 6th before the Ides of May, i.e., 10 May). This may reflect a local or later commemoration.

Open questions · 1

The identity of M. Antoninus (Marcus Aurelius or another) is not specified; the reading assumes Marcus Aurelius based on the date. The birthday of Claudius on 10 May is anomalous and may reflect a different Claudius or a scribal error.

tmp210.tmp210.opp-lat1:5 · narrativehigh

Source

JUNIUS. Habet dies XXX. B eh Kal. Jun. Fabarici. CMXII. fA IV. Non. gb III. Senalus legitimus. C Ac prid Ludi in minicia. bd Non. ce VIII. Idus Colossus coronatur. D df VII. Vesta aperit. Dies AEgypt. eg VI. fh V. Vestalia. E gA IV. Ab III. Matralia. F bc prid. cd Idib. N. Musarum. Senatus leg. de XVIII. Kal. Jul. G ef XVII. Vesta clud. SOL CANCRO. fg XVI. gh XV. AA XIV.. Annae sacrum. bb XIII. cc XII. Dies AEgyptiacus. I dd XI. ee X. ff IX· K gg VIII. Fortis Fortunae. Solstitium. Ah VII. bA VI. A cb V. dc IV. ed III. B fe prid. JULIUS Habet dies XXXI. gf Kal. Jul. Senatus legitimus. Ag VI. Non. C bh V. Fugato Licinio CMXXIV. cA IV. db III. Ludi Apollinares D ec prid. Ludi. Dies AEgyptiacus. fd Non. Ludi. ge VIII. Idus. Ludi. E Af VII. Ludi. bg VI. ch V. Ludi. F dA IV. Ludi. eb III. Apollinares CMXXIV.

English

JUNE. Has 31 days. B eh Kalends of June. Fabarici. 912. fA IV. Nones. gb III. Lawful Senate. C Ac day before Games in Minicia. bd Nones. ce VIII. Ides. The Colossus is crowned. D df VII. Vesta opens. Egyptian Day. eg VI. fh V. Vestalia. E gA IV. Ab III. Matralia. F bc day before. cd Ides. N. of the Muses. Senate. de XVIII. Kalends of July. G ef XVII. Vesta closes. SUN IN CANCER. fg XVI. gh XV. AA XIV. Rite of Anna. bb XIII. cc XII. Egyptian Day. I dd XI. ee X. ff IX. K gg VIII. Fors Fortuna. Solstice. Ah VII. bA VI. A cb V. dc IV. ed III. B fe day before. JULY Has 31 days. gf Kalends of July. Lawful Senate. Ag VI. Nones. C bh V. Licinius put to flight. 924. cA IV. db III. Apollinarian Games. D ec day before. Games. Egyptian Day. fd Nones. Games. ge VIII. Ides. Games. E Af VII. Games. bg VI. ch V. Games. F dA IV. Games. eb III. Apollinarian. 924.

Commentary

structuretextJUNIUS

The month of June is introduced with a heading and a day count of 30, following the standard format of the calendar.

termtextFabarici

Fabarici likely refers to a festival or ritual associated with beans (Latin faba), possibly a rustic observance.

backgroundtextColossus coronatur

The Colossus crowned on June 8th (VIII Idus) likely refers to the Colossus of Nero or a statue of Sol, a known Roman monument.

backgroundtextVestalia

Vestalia (June 7–9) was a Roman festival honoring Vesta, during which the inner shrine was opened to women.

termtextMatralia

Matralia (June 11) was a festival for Mater Matuta, goddess of dawn and childbirth, celebrated by Roman matrons.

backgroundtextSolstitium

The solstice (Solstitium) on June 24 (VIII Kal. Jul.) marks the summer solstice, here associated with Fors Fortuna.

Open questions · 3

The exact nature of Fabarici is uncertain; it may be a local or minor festival.
The abbreviation 'N. Musarum' on the Ides of June is ambiguous; it likely refers to a dedication to the Muses.
The entry 'Fugato Licinio CMXXIV' in July refers to the defeat of Licinius in 324 CE, but the year count (CMXXIV) is a consular or era notation.

tmp210.tmp210.opp-lat1:6 · narrativemedium

Source

fc prid. G gd Idib. Equit, prob. Ludi Francici. Ae XVII. Kal. Aug. Ludi. bf XVI. Ludi. Sen. leg. SOL LEONE. H eq XV. Adv. D. CMXXIV. Dies AEgypt. dh XIV. Ludi votivi. eA XIII. Francici CMXXIV. I fb XII. Advent. Divi CMXXIV. gc XI. Ludi. Ad X. Neptunalici. K be IX. cf VIII. N. D. Constantini CMXXIV. dg VII. Ludi votivi. A eh VI. Vict. samarticas CMXXIV. fA V. gb IV. B Ac III. Vici. Marcommannas CMXXIV. bd prid. AUGUSTUS. Habet dies XXXI. ee Kal. Aug. N. D. Pertinacis CMXXIV. C df IV. Non. eg III. Senatus legitimus. fh prid. Vict, senati CMXXIV. D gA Non. N. salutis CMXXIV. Ab VIII Idus. Dies AEgyptiacus. bc VII. N. Constantii CMXXIV. E cd VI. Ludi votivi. de V. F ef IV. fg III. gh prid. Lignapsia G AA Idib. N. Dianes. bb XIX. Kal. Sept. cc XVIII. Senatus legitimus. H dd XVII. ee XVI. Tiberinalia. SOL VIRGINE.

English

July. Has 31 days. fc day before Nones. G gd Ides. Horse inspection. Frankish Games. Ae 17th day before Kalends of August. Games. bf 16th day before Kalends of August. Games. Lawful Senate. SUN IN LEO. H eq 15th day before Kalends of August. Arrival of the Divine. 924. Egyptian Day. dh 14th day before Kalends of August. Votive Games. eA 13th day before Kalends of August. Frankish Games. 924. I fb 12th day before Kalends of August. Arrival of the Divine. 924. gc 11th day before Kalends of August. Games. Ad 10th day before Kalends of August. Neptunalic Games. K be 9th day before Kalends of August. cf 8th day before Kalends of August. Birthday of Constantine. 924. dg 7th day before Kalends of August. Votive Games. A eh 6th day before Kalends of August. Sarmatian Victory. 924. fA 5th day before Kalends of August. gb 4th day before Kalends of August. B Ac 3rd day before Kalends of August. Vici. Marcomannic Victories. 924. bd day before Kalends of August. August. Has 31 days. ee Kalends of August. Birthday of Pertinax. 924. C df 4th day before Nones. eg 3rd day before Nones. Lawful Senate. fh day before Nones. Victory of the Senate. 924. D gA Nones. Birthday of Health. 924. Ab 8th day before Ides. Egyptian Day. bc 7th day before Ides. Birthday of Constantius. 924. E cd 6th day before Ides. Votive Games. de 5th day before Ides. F ef 4th day before Ides. fg 3rd day before Ides. gh day before Ides. Lignapsia. G AA Ides. Birthday of Diana. bb 19th day before Kalends of September. cc 18th day before Kalends of September. Lawful Senate. H dd 17th day before Kalends of September. ee 16th day before Kalends of September. Tiberinalia. SUN IN VIRGO.

Commentary

structuretextJuly

The July calendar entries follow the standard Roman format of Kalends, Nones, and Ides, with a note that the month has 31 days.

termtextEquit, prob. Ludi Francici

The abbreviation 'Equit, prob.' likely stands for 'Equitum probatio' (inspection of the cavalry), a military review. 'Ludi Francici' refers to the Frankish Games, a festival possibly commemorating a victory over the Franks.

backgroundtextCMXXIV

The repeated numeral 'CMXXIV' (924) in the July and August entries likely refers to the year 924 AUC (ab urbe condita), corresponding to AD 171, a period of military campaigns under Marcus Aurelius.

receptiontextN. D. Constantini

The entry 'N. D. Constantini' (Birthday of the Divine Constantine) on July 8th (8th day before Ides) reflects the later Christianization of the calendar, as Constantine was venerated as a saint in the Eastern Church.

termtextLignapsia

The term 'Lignapsia' is obscure; it may be a misspelling or variant of 'Lignapsia' (perhaps a festival involving wood or a place name). Its exact meaning is uncertain.

structuretextAugust

The August calendar begins with a note that the month has 31 days, followed by entries for Kalends, Nones, Ides, and days before the Kalends of September.

Notes · 1

checkAutomatic check: the English/source length ratio is outside the usual band for Coptic — a sign that something was dropped or added, not proof that it was.

Open questions · 1

The abbreviation 'fc' at the start of July is unclear; it may be a scribal error or a marker for a specific day. 'Lignapsia' is of uncertain meaning. The numeral 'CMXXIV' is interpreted as a year date, but could also be a regnal or consular year.

tmp210.tmp210.opp-lat1:7 · narrativemedium

Source

ff XV. I gg XIV. N. Probi. CMXXIV. Ah XIII· bA XII. Hies AEgyptiacus. K cb XI. dc X. Vulcanalici CMXXIV. ed IX. A fe VIII. gf VII. Ag VI. B bh V. Solis et lunae CMXXIV. cA IV. db III. C ec prid. SEPTEMBER. Habet dies XXX. fd Kal. Sept. Senatus legitimus. ge IV. Non. Dies AEgyptiacus. D Af III. bg prid. ch Non. Mammes. Vindemia. E dA VII Idus. eb VII. fc VI. N. Aureliani CMXXIV. F gd V. Ae IV. N. Asclepi. bf III. G cg prid. Ludi Romaniani. dh Idib. Ludi. Senatus legitimus. eA XVIII. Kal. Oct. Ludi. H fb XVII. Romaniani CMXXIV. gc XVI. Ad XV. I be XIV. N. Trajani triumph. CMXXIV, cf XIII. P. Anton. CMXXIV. Dies AEgyp. dg XII. Ludi triumph. SOL LIBRA. K eh XI. Ludi. fA X. Ludi. gb IX. N. D. Augusti CMXXIV. .A Ac VIII. bd VII. ce VI. B df V. Profectio Divi CMXXIV. eg IV. fh III. Ludi fatales.

English

ff 15th day before Kalends of September. I gg 14th day before Kalends. Nones of Probus. 924. Ah 13th day before Kalends. bA 12th day before Kalends. Egyptian Day. K cb 11th day before Kalends. dc 10th day before Kalends. Volcanalicia 924. ed 9th day before Kalends. A fe 8th day before Kalends. gf 7th day before Kalends. Ag 6th day before Kalends. B bh 5th day before Kalends. Of Sun and Moon 924. cA 4th day before Kalends. db 3rd day before Kalends. C ec day before Kalends. SEPTEMBER. Has 31 days. fd Kalends of September. Lawful Senate. ge 4th day before Nones. Egyptian Day. D Af 3rd day before Nones. bg day before Nones. ch Nones. Mammes. Vintage. E dA 7th day before Ides. eb 6th day before Ides. fc 5th day before Ides. Nones of Aurelian 924. F gd 4th day before Ides. Ae 3rd day before Ides. Nones of Asclepius. bf day before Ides. G cg day before Ides. Roman Games. dh Ides. Games. Lawful Senate. eA 18th day before Kalends of October. Games. H fb 17th day before Kalends. Romaniani 924. gc 16th day before Kalends. Ad 15th day before Kalends. I be 14th day before Kalends. Nones of Trajan's triumph 924. cf 13th day before Kalends. P. Anton. 924. Egyptian Day. dg 12th day before Kalends. Triumphal Games. SUN IN LIBRA. K eh 11th day before Kalends. Games. fA 10th day before Kalends. Games. gb 9th day before Kalends. Nones of Divine Augustus 924. .A Ac 8th day before Kalends. bd 7th day before Kalends. ce 6th day before Kalends. B df 5th day before Kalends. Departure of the Divine 924. eg 4th day before Kalends. fh 3rd day before Kalends. Fatal Games.

Commentary

sensetextN. Probi

The abbreviation 'N.' likely stands for 'Natalis' (birthday), marking the birthday of Emperor Probus (r. 276–282).

termtextCMXXIV

The numeral 924 (CMXXIV) is a recurring notation in the calendar, possibly indicating a cycle of Egyptian days or a specific era; its exact significance is debated.

backgroundtextVulcanalici

The 'Vulcanalici' likely refer to games in honor of Vulcan, the Roman god of fire, held in August.

backgroundtextMammes

'Mammes' may refer to a festival or deity, possibly of African origin, associated with the vintage (Vindemia).

backgroundtextLudi Romaniani

The 'Ludi Romaniani' are games possibly instituted by or in honor of a Roman emperor, perhaps related to the emperor Romanus or a place name.

backgroundtextProfectio Divi

'Profectio Divi' marks the departure (likely military campaign) of a deified emperor, possibly Trajan or Aurelian, as noted in the calendar.

Notes · 1

checkAutomatic check: the English/source length ratio is outside the usual band for Coptic — a sign that something was dropped or added, not proof that it was.

Open questions · 3

The meaning of 'CMXXIV' is uncertain; it may denote a year in a local era or a cycle of Egyptian days.
The exact referent of 'Mammes' is unclear; it could be a deity or a festival name.
The 'Ludi Romaniani' could refer to games in Rome or in a specific province; the name is ambiguous.

tmp210.tmp210.opp-lat1:8 · narrativemedium

Source

C gA prid. Ludi. OCTOBER. Habet dies XXXI. Ab Kal. Octob. N. Alexandri CMXXIV. bc VI. Non. D cd V. Senatus leg. Dies AEgypt. de IV. ef III. Ludi Alamannici. E fg prid. Ludi·. gh Non. Ludi. F AA VIII. Idus, Ludi. bb VII. Ludi. cc VI. Alamannici CMXXIV. G dd V. ee IV. Augustales CMXXIV. ff III. Ludi Jovi Liberatori. H gg prid. Ludi. Ah idib. Ludi. Equus ad nixas lit. S. I. bA XVII. Kal. Nov. Ludi, I cb XVI. Ludi. dc XV. Jovi Liberatori CMXXIV. ed XIV. Ludi solis. SOL SCORPIO. K fe XIII. Ludi. Dies AEgypt. gf XII. Ludi. Ag XI. Solis CMXXIV. A bh X. cA IX. db VIII. B ec VII. fd VI. ge V. Isia. Evictio tyranni. C Af IV. Advent. Divi CMXXIV. Isia. bg III. Ludi votivi. Isia. en prid. Ludi. Isia. NOVEMBER, Habet dies XXX. D dA Kal. Novemb. Ex sen. CMXXIV. S. L. Isia. eb IV. Non. Ternovena. Dies AEgypt.

English

C gA day before. Games. OCTOBER. Has 31 days. From Kalends of October. N. of Alexander CMXXIV. bc 6th day before Nones. D cd 5th day before. Senate leg. Egyptian Day. de 4th day before. ef 3rd day before. Alamannic Games. E fg day before. Games. gh Nones. Games. F AA 8th day before Ides. Games. bb 7th day before. Games. cc 6th day before. Alamannic CMXXIV. G dd 5th day before. ee 4th day before. Augustales CMXXIV. ff 3rd day before. Games of Jupiter the Liberator. H gg day before. Games. Ah Ides. Games. Horse to the struggles lit. S. I. bA 17th day before Kalends of November. Games. I cb 16th day before. Games. dc 15th day before. Jupiter the Liberator CMXXIV. ed 14th day before. Games of the Sun. SUN SCORPIO. K fe 13th day before. Games. Egyptian Day. gf 12th day before. Games. Ag 11th day before. Sun CMXXIV. A bh 10th day before. cA 9th day before. db 8th day before. B ec 7th day before. fd 6th day before. ge 5th day before. Isia. Overthrow of the tyrant. C Af 4th day before. Arrival of the Divine CMXXIV. Isia. bg 3rd day before. Votive Games. Isia. en day before. Games. Isia. NOVEMBER. Has 30 days. D dA Kalends of November. By decree of the senate CMXXIV. S. L. Isia. eb 4th day before Nones. Ternovena. Egyptian Day.

Commentary

sensetextEquus ad nixas lit. S. I.

The phrase 'Equus ad nixas lit. S. I.' likely refers to a ritual horse race or sacrifice, with 'nixas' possibly a corruption of 'nixus' (struggle) or 'nixae' (birth pangs). 'S. I.' may abbreviate 'Senatus consultum' or a personal name.

termtextIsia

'Isia' denotes the festival of Isis, an Egyptian cult widely observed in Rome. Its inclusion here reflects the syncretic religious calendar of the 4th century, blending traditional Roman and Egyptian elements.

backgroundtextEvictio tyranni

'Evictio tyranni' (overthrow of the tyrant) likely commemorates a political event, possibly the defeat of a usurper. In the context of 354 CE, this could refer to the suppression of Magnentius (353 CE) or another contemporary figure.

datingtextCMXXIV

The repeated numeral 'CMXXIV' (924) is the year in the era of Diocletian (Anno Diocletiani), corresponding to 354/355 CE. This dating system was common in late antique calendars and martyrologies.

structuretextHabet dies XXXI

The formula 'Habet dies XXXI' (has 31 days) is a standard header for each month in the Filocalian calendar, providing the total number of days before listing the daily entries.

cautiontextS. L.

The abbreviation 'S. L.' after 'Ex sen. CMXXIV' is ambiguous; it may stand for 'Senatus Leges' (senate laws) or 'Sacra Ludi' (sacred games). The exact meaning is uncertain without further context.

Open questions · 3

The phrase 'Equus ad nixas lit. S. I.' is obscure; 'nixas' may be a scribal error or rare term. 'S. I.' could be an abbreviation for a senatorial decree or a personal name.
'Ternovena' in November is unattested elsewhere; it may be a festival name or a corruption of 'Ternovena' (a place) or 'Ternovena' (a ritual).
The exact referent of 'Evictio tyranni' is not specified; it could be a generic commemoration or a specific historical event.

tmp210.tmp210.opp-lat1:9 · narrativemedium

Source

fc III. Hilaria. E gd prid. Ae Non. bf VIII Idus. F cg VII. dh VI. N. Nervae et Constan. CMXLVIII. eA V. Ludi votivi. G fb IV. gc III. Ad prid. Ludi Plebeii. Senatus leg. H be Idib. Jovis Epulum CMXXX. ef XVIII. Kal. Dec. Ludi. ag xvn. Ludi. I eh XVI. Plebeii CMXXIV. fA XV. N. Vespasiani CMXXIV. gb XIV. K Ac XIII. SOL SAGITTARIO. bd XII. ce XI. A df X. eg IX. fd VIII. Bruma. Dies AEgypt. B gA VII. Ludi Sarmatici. Ab VI. Ludi. bc V. Ludi. C cd IV. Ludi. de III. Ludi. ef prid. Ludi. DECEMBER. Habet dies XXXI. D fg Kal. Decemb. Sarmatici CMXXIV. gh IV. Non. Initium muneris. AA III. Senatus legitimus. E bb prid. Munus arca. Dies AEgypt. cc Non. Munus arca. F dd VIII. Idus. Munus arca. ee VII. ff VI. Munus kandida. G gg V. Ah IV. bA III. Septimonia. H cb prid. Ludi Lancionici. dc Idib. Ludi. Senatus log.

English

fc 3rd day before. Hilaria. E gd 2nd day before. Ae Nones. bf 8th day before Ides. F cg 7th day before. dh 6th day before. Birthday of Nerva and Constantine. CMXLVIII. eA 5th day before. Votive Games. G fb 4th day before. gc 3rd day before. Ad 2nd day before. Plebeian Games. Senate leg. H be Ides. Feast of Jupiter. CMXXX. ef 18th day before Kalends of December. Games. ag 17th day before. Games. I eh 16th day before. Plebeian Games. CMXXIV. fA 15th day before. Birthday of Vespasian. CMXXIV. gb 14th day before. K Ac 13th day before. SUN IN SAGITTARIUS. bd 12th day before. ce 11th day before. A df 10th day before. eg 9th day before. fd 8th day before. Winter Solstice. Egyptian Day. B gA 7th day before. Sarmatian Games. Ab 6th day before. Games. bc 5th day before. Games. C cd 4th day before. Games. de 3rd day before. Games. ef 2nd day before. Games. DECEMBER. Has 31 days. D fg Kalends of December. Sarmatian Games. CMXXIV. gh 4th day before Nones. Beginning of the show. AA 3rd day before. Legitimate Senate. E bb 2nd day before. Box show. Egyptian Day. cc Nones. Box show. F dd 8th day before Ides. Box show. ee 7th day before. ff 6th day before. Candid show. G gg 5th day before. Ah 4th day before. bA 3rd day before. Septimonia. H cb 2nd day before. Lanciary Games. dc Ides. Games. Senate log.

Commentary

termtextHilaria

Hilaria is a festival of joy, often associated with the cult of Cybele and Attis, but here it appears in a November context, possibly a local or late antique celebration.

datingtextN. Nervae et Constan. CMXLVIII

The birthday of Nerva and Constantine is noted with the year CMXLVIII (948 AUC = 195 CE), but Constantine lived later; this may be a conflation or a separate commemoration.

backgroundtextLudi Plebeii

The Plebeian Games (Ludi Plebeii) were annual Roman games held in November, originally established in the 4th century BCE to honor Jupiter and the plebeian order.

backgroundtextSOL SAGITTARIO

SOL SAGITTARIO marks the sun's entry into Sagittarius, an astronomical notation typical of late antique calendars, indicating the zodiacal sign for that date.

backgroundtextBruma

Bruma refers to the winter solstice, a key point in the Roman calendar, here noted on the 8th day before the Kalends of December (November 24).

termtextSeptimonia

Septimonia is a festival of uncertain origin, possibly related to the seven hills of Rome or a local cult; it appears only in a few late calendars.

Open questions · 2

The entry 'N. Nervae et Constan. CMXLVIII' is ambiguous: Nerva (d. 98 CE) and Constantine (d. 337 CE) are centuries apart; the year 948 AUC (195 CE) fits neither, suggesting a scribal error or a different Constantine.
The phrase 'Senatus leg.' and 'Senatus log.' may be abbreviations for 'Senatus legitimus' or 'Senatus legatus', but their exact meaning in this context is unclear.

tmp210.tmp210.opp-lat1:10 · narrativehigh

Source

ed XIX. Kal. Jan. Ludi. Dies AEgypt. I fe XVIII. N. D. Veri CMXXIV. gf XVIII. Ludi. Ag XVI. Ludi. Saturnalia. K bh XV. Lanc. CMXXIV. SOL CAPR. cA XIV. Munus arca. db XIII. Munus kandida. A ec XII. Munus arca. fd XI. ge X. Munus arca. B Af IX. Munus consummat. bg VIII. N. Invicti CMXXX· ch VII. C dA VI. eb V. fc IV. D gd III. N. D. Titi CMXXIV. Ae prid. Magistrati jurant. Habes hic, Lector, Kalendaria duo antiqua cum suis vitiis, prout in codicibus mss. legebantur. Nihil putavi in illa annotandum. Tute id praestato per te, ubi usus fuerit. Bucherius in margine editionis suae notas pauculas adjecit, quem qui volet, consulere potest.

English

19th day before the Kalends of January. Games. Egyptian day. 18th day before the Nones of December. True (date) CMXXIV. 18th day before (the Kalends). Games. 16th day before (the Kalends). Games. Saturnalia. 15th day before (the Kalends). Lanx (offering) CMXXIV. Sun in Capricorn. 14th day before (the Kalends). Gladiatorial show (arca). 13th day before (the Kalends). Gladiatorial show (kandida). 12th day before (the Kalends). Gladiatorial show (arca). 11th day before (the Kalends). 10th day before (the Kalends). Gladiatorial show (arca). 9th day before (the Kalends). Gladiatorial show concluded. 8th day before (the Kalends). Birth of the Unconquered (Sun) CMXXX. 7th day before (the Kalends). 6th day before (the Kalends). 5th day before (the Kalends). 4th day before (the Kalends). 3rd day before (the Kalends). Birth of the Lord Titus CMXXIV. Day before (the Kalends). Magistrates take oath. You have here, Reader, two ancient Calendars with their faults, just as they were read in the manuscript codices. I thought nothing should be annotated in them. You yourself may provide that where it is useful. Bucherius added a few brief notes in the margin of his edition; whoever wishes may consult him.

Commentary

termtextLudi

Ludi refers to public games, a standard feature of Roman festival calendars, often associated with religious or imperial celebrations.

termtextDies AEgypt

Dies AEgypt (Egyptian day) likely marks an unlucky day in the Roman calendar, derived from Egyptian astrological tradition.

termtextSaturnalia

Saturnalia was a major Roman festival in honor of Saturn, characterized by role reversals and gift-giving, typically held December 17–23.

termtextN. Invicti

N. Invicti (Birth of the Unconquered) refers to the festival of Sol Invictus, the Unconquered Sun, celebrated on December 25, a date later associated with Christmas.

receptiontext

The editor's note advises readers to consult Bucherius's edition for marginal notes, indicating a scholarly tradition of annotation for these calendars.

named: Bucherius

cautiontext

The editor states the calendars are presented 'with their faults' as found in manuscripts, warning that entries may contain errors or corruptions.

Open questions · 2

The abbreviations 'arca' and 'kandida' for gladiatorial shows are unclear; they may denote types of spectacles or funding sources.
The numbers CMXXIV, CMXXX, etc., likely refer to consular years or eras, but their exact reference is uncertain.

Citation. Tergwame, “Kalendarium Anno CCCLIV Conscriptum”, tmp210.tmp210.opp-lat1:1, machine-draft, 2026. https://naxiai.com/christian/works/tmp210.tmp210.opp-lat1#s1

Colophon. Source: ogl-pl · licence: Available under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License · model: deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash:floor · provider: Relace · cost: $0.0058 · generated 2026-11-15.

Kalendarium Anno CCCLIV Conscriptum

Summary

Historical context

Annotation and terms

Pipeline notes

Term index