ት Tergwame Greek · Coptic · Ethiopic · Syriac · Armenian · Georgian · Latin

Greek · Other ·

Chronologia

Joannes Zonaras · first1k

BothSourceEnglish
JSON Dossier
machine-draft · no human review 11 passages · 2,052 words

Work dossier · summary and historical context

Summary

The Chronologia of Joannes Zonaras is a Byzantine universal chronicle covering history from creation to 1118 CE, composed in the early 12th century. Zonaras, a retired official and monk, compiled the work from earlier sources including Josephus, Eusebius, and John of Antioch, preserving material from lost texts. The chronicle survives in numerous manuscripts from the 12th–13th centuries onward, with later scribal interpolations and abridgments. It was widely used in Byzantine and Orthodox historiography and translated into Slavonic, influencing Russian chronicles. The text follows a Septuagint-based chronology, with occasional inconsistencies, especially in early biblical history.

The Chronologia is significant as a major Byzantine universal chronicle that preserves excerpts from lost historical works. It influenced later Orthodox historiography and was translated into Slavonic, impacting Russian chronicles. Its compilation method and use of sources reflect Byzantine scholarly practices.

Historical context

Zonaras likely wrote the Chronologia in the early 12th century after retiring to the monastery of St. Gorgos on the island of Pantellia. The work is a universal chronicle from creation to 1118 CE, reflecting the Byzantine tradition of world chronicles that began with Julius Africanus and Eusebius. Zonaras drew extensively on earlier historians such as Josephus, Eusebius, and John of Antioch, often preserving sources now lost. The Chronologia survives in numerous manuscripts, with the earliest dating to the 12th–13th centuries, and shows signs of scribal interpolation and abridgment in later copies. It was widely used in Byzantine and later Orthodox historiography and was translated into Slavonic, influencing Russian chronicles. The text follows a Septuagint-based chronology, with occasional inconsistencies, especially in early biblical history, where Zonaras harmonizes conflicting sources without comment.

Apparatus · what the pipeline recorded

Annotation and terms

65 commentary units 15 dating11 background11 structure11 term10 caution4 scripture2 reception1 transmission 0 derived notes 21 open questions 11 narrative
What the kinds mean

Pipeline notes

  • limitThe English is a machine draft produced passage by passage from the transcribed Coptic; no human has verified it. The commentary is model-written and cites only keys the pipeline could resolve.
  • registerRegister: other in ancient Greek; the English keeps the liturgical formulae and the vocatives rather than normalising them.
  • structurePassages: 11 narrative.
  • sourceSource edition: first1k — CC BY-SA 4.0

Term index

CopticRenderingCountFirst
no glossary terms recorded
tlg3135.tlg012:1 · narrativehigh
Source
Ταῦθ’ ἱστορεῖ ὁ Καισαρεὺς Εὐσέβιος ὁ Παμφίλου ν τῷ λόγῳ ὃς ἐκλήθη Βασιλικός. Ἀρχὴ κόσμου. Ἐπιτομὴ χρόνων τῶν ἀπὸ τοῦ Ἀδὰμ ἴς τοῦ ςφπθ΄ ἔτους, ἕως τῆς ἀρχῆς τῆς βασιλείας τοῦ κυρίου Ἀλεξίου τοῦ Κομνηνοῦ.1) Ἀδὰμ ἐγέννησε τὸν Σὴθ Σὴθ ἐγέννησε τὸν Ἐνώς Ἐνὼς ἐγέννησε τὸν Καϊνὰν Καϊνὰν ἐγέννησε τὸν Μαλαλεὴλ Μαλαλεὴλ ἐγέννησε τὸν Ἰαρὲδ Ἰαρὲδ ἐγέννησε τὸν Ἑνὼχ Ἑνὼχ ἐγέννησε τὸν Μαθουσάλα Μαθουσάλα ἐγέννησε τὸν Λαμὲχ Λαμὲχ ἐγέννησε τὸν Νῶε Νῶε ἐγέννησε τὸν Σῆμ’ Σῆμ’ ἐγέννησε τὸν Ἀρφαξὰδ Ἀρφαξὰδ ἐγέννησε τὸν Καϊνὰν Καϊνὰν ἐγέννησε τὸν Σάλα Σάλα ἐγέννησε τὸν Ἕβερ Ἕβερ ἐγέννησε τὸν Φαλὲκ Φαλὲκ ἐγέννησε τὸν Ῥαγαῦ Ῥαγαῦ ἐγέννησε τὸν Σεροὺχ 1) De bac epitome V. Ducangius praef. vol. 1, p. XXI huius ed.
English
These things are recorded by Eusebius of Caesarea, the son of Pamphilus, in the discourse that was called the Basilikos. Beginning of the world. An epitome of the times from Adam to the year 6589, until the beginning of the reign of the lord Alexios Komnenos. Adam begot Seth. Seth begot Enos. Enos begot Kainan. Kainan begot Malaleel. Malaleel begot Jared. Jared begot Enoch. Enoch begot Mathousala. Mathousala begot Lamech. Lamech begot Noah. Noah begot Sem. Sem begot Arphaxad. Arphaxad begot Kainan. Kainan begot Sala. Sala begot Heber. Heber begot Phalek. Phalek begot Rhagau. Rhagau begot Serouch.
tlg3135.tlg012:2 · narrativehigh
Source
Σεροὺχ ἐχέννησε τὸν Ναχὼρ ἐτῶν ρλ',γρξγ' Ναχὼρ ἐγέννησε τὸν Θάρα ἐτῶν οθ' ,γσμβ' Θάρα ἐγέννησε τὸν Ἀβραὰμ ἐτῶν ο' ,γτιβ' Ἀβραὰμ ἐγέννησε τὸν Ἰσαὰκ ἐτῶν ρ' ,γυιβ' ᾿Ισαὰκ ἐγέννησε τὸν Ἰακὼβ ἐτῶν ξ' ,γυοβ' Ίακὼβ ἐγέννησε τὸν Λευὶ ἐτῶν πβ' ,γφνδ' Λευὶ ἐγέννησε τὸν Καὰθ ἐτῶν μζ' ,γχα' Καὰθ ἐγέννησε τὸν Ἀβρὰμ ἐτῶν ξ' ,γχξά Ἀβρὰμ ἐγέννησε τὸν Μωϋσῆ ἐτῶν οε' ,γψλς' Μωυσῆς ἔζησεν ἔτη ρκ' ,γωνς' Ίησοῦς ἡγήσατο Ἰσραὴλ ἔτη κδ' ,γωπ' Φινεὲς ἱεράτευσε τοῦ Ἰσραὴλ ἔτη κδ' ,γ ABBREV ε΄ Χουσὰρ ἐβασίλευσε τοῦ Ἰσραὴλ ἔτη ν' ,γ ABBREV νε' Γοθονιὴλ ἔκρινε τὸν Ἰσραὴλ ἔτη μ' ,γ ABBREV ε' Εγλὼμ ἐβασίλευσε τοῦ Ἰσραὴλ ἔτη ιη' ,διγ' Ἀὼθ καὶ Σεπφόρα ἔκρινε τὸν Ἰσραὴλ ἔτη π' ,δρκς' Ἰαβεὶμ ἐβασίλευσε τοῦ Ἰσραὴλ ἔτη κ' ,δρκς' Δεβώρα ἔκρινε τὸν Ἰσραὴλ ἔτη μ' δρξς' Ώρὴβ ἔκρινε τὸν Ἰσραὴλ ἔτη ζ' ,δρογ' Γεδεὼν ἔκρινε τὸν Ἰσραὴλ ἔτη μ' ,δσιγ' Ἀβιμελὲχ ἔκρινε τὸν Ἰσραὴλ ἔτη γ' ,δσις' Θωλᾶς ἔκρινε τὸν Ἰσραὴλ ἔτη γ' δισς' Ίαὰρ ἔκρινε τὸν Ἰσραὴλ ἔτη κβ' ,δσξά Ἀμὰν ἐβασίλευσε τοῦ Ἰσραὴλ ἔτη ιη' ,δσοθ΄ Ἰεφθάε ἔκρινε τὸν Ἰσραὴλ ἔτη ς' ,δσπε' Έσβὰλ ἔκρινε τὸν Ἰσραὴλ ἔτη ζ' ,δο ABBREV β' Έλωμ ἔκρινε τὸν Ἰσραὴλ ἔτη ι' ,δτβ' Ἀβδὼμ ἔκρινε τὸν Ἰσραὴλ ἔτη η' ,δτι' Φιλιστιεὶμ ἐβασίλευσαν τοῦ Ίσραὴλ ἔτη λ' ,δτμ' Σαμψὼμ ἔκρινε τὸν Ἰσραὴλ ἔτη κ' ,δτξ' Άναρχία καὶ εἰρήνη τοῦ Ἰσραὴλ ἔτη λβ' ,δτ ABBREV β' Ἠλεὶ ὁ ἱερεὺς ἔκρινε τὸν Ἰσραὴλ ἔτη κ' ,δυιβ'
English
Serouch begat Nachor at age 130, year 3363. Nachor begat Thara at age 79, year 3242. Thara begat Abraham at age 70, year 3312. Abraham begat Isaac at age 100, year 3412. Isaac begat Jacob at age 60, year 3472. Jacob begat Levi at age 82, year 3554. Levi begat Kaath at age 47, year 3601. Kaath begat Abram at age 60, year 3661. Abram begat Moses at age 75, year 3736. Moses lived 120 years, year 3856. Jesus ruled Israel 24 years, year 3880. Phinees served as priest of Israel 24 years, year 3905. Chousar ruled Israel 50 years, year 3955. Gothoniel judged Israel 40 years, year 4005. Eglom ruled Israel 18 years, year 4013. Aoth and Sepphora judged Israel 80 years, year 4136. Iabeim ruled Israel 20 years, year 4136. Deborah judged Israel 40 years, year 4166. Oreb judged Israel 7 years, year 4173. Gedeon judged Israel 40 years, year 4213. Abimelech judged Israel 3 years, year 4216. Tholas judged Israel 3 years, year 4216. Iaar judged Israel 22 years, year 4261. Aman ruled Israel 18 years, year 4279. Iephthae judged Israel 6 years, year 4285. Esbal judged Israel 7 years, year 4292. Elom judged Israel 10 years, year 4302. Abdom judged Israel 8 years, year 4310. Philistieim ruled Israel 30 years, year 4340. Sampson judged Israel 20 years, year 4360. Anarchy and peace of Israel 32 years, year 4392. Heli the priest judged Israel 20 years, year 4412.
tlg3135.tlg012:3 · narrativehigh
Source
Κατὰ δὲ τοὺς χρόνους Ἤλει τοῦ ἱερέως ὁ πρὸς τοὺς Τρῶας πόλεμος συνέστη τοῖς Ἕλλησιν· καθ’ οὑς καὶ Ὅμηρος ἤκμαζεν. Σαμουὴλ ἔκρινε τὸν Ἰσραὴλ ἴτη κ’ δυλβ΄ Σαοὺλ ἐβασίλευσε τοῦ Ἰσραὴλ ἔτη κ’ δυνβ΄ Δαβὶδ ἐβασίλευσε τοῦ Ἰσραὴλ ἴτη μ’ δυ(?)β΄ Ἀπὸ δὲ τῆς βασιλείας Δαβὶδ ἴως τῆς τῶν Ῥωμαίων βασιλείας ἔτη ABBREVμ΄, ἀπὸ δὲ κτίσεως κόσμου ἔτη τακισχίλια ὗν. Γάιος Ἰούλιος ἐβασίλευσεν ἔτη δ’ ευν Αὔγουστος ἐβασίλευσεν ἴτη νς΄ εφς΄ Τῷ τούτου μβ΄ ἔτει τῆς βασιλείας γεννᾶται ὁ κύριος ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦς Χριστὸς κατὰ σάρκα ἐν Βηθλεὲμ τῆς Ἰουδαίας ἐκ τῆς ἀειπαρθένου Μάριας, καὶ πάσχει τὸ ἑκούσιον πάθος ἐν τῷ ἴη ἔτει τῆς βασιλείας Τιβερίου Καίσαρος· τῷ γὰρ ἴε τοῦ αὐτοῦ Τιβερίου ἐβαπτίσθη. Τιβέριος ἐβασίλευσεν ἔτη Γάιος ἄλλος ἐβασίλευσεν ἴτη Κλαύδιος ἐβασίλευσεν ἔτη Νέρων ὁ υἱὸς αὐτοῦ ἐβασίλευσεν ἴτη Γάλβας μῆνας Ὄθων μῆνας Οὐιτέλλιος μῆνας Οὐεσπασιανὸς ἐβασίλευσεν ἴτη Τίτος ἐβασίλευσεν ἔτη Ἐπὶ τούτου καὶ ἡ τῶν Ἱεροσολύμων ἅλωσις γέ- γονε καὶ ἡ παντελὴς τῶν Ἰουδαίων ἐρήμωσις. ἀπὸ δὲ τῆς τοιαύτης ἁλώσεως ἴως τῆς βασιλείας Κωνσταντίνου τοῦ μεγάλου ἤτοι τῆς τῶν Χριστιανῶν βασιλείας ἔτη σλζ΄ ἀπὸ δὲ κτίσεως κόσμου ἔτη εωμά, ἀπὸ δὲ τῆς τοῦ Χριστοῦ ἀναλήψεως ἕως τῆς ἁλώσεως Ἱεροσολύμων ἴτη μὴ.
English
During the time of the priest Eli, the war against the Trojans was undertaken by the Greeks, at which time Homer also flourished. Samuel judged Israel for 20 years, year 4332. Saul reigned over Israel for 20 years, year 4352. David reigned over Israel for 40 years, year 4392. From the reign of David to the reign of the Romans, 40 years, and from the creation of the world, 6000 years. Gaius Julius reigned for 4 years, year 4555. Augustus reigned for 56 years, year 4566. In the 42nd year of his reign, our Lord Jesus Christ was born in the flesh in Bethlehem of Judea from the ever-virgin Mary, and he suffered his voluntary passion in the 18th year of the reign of Tiberius Caesar; for in the 15th year of the same Tiberius he was baptized. Tiberius reigned for 22 years. Another Gaius reigned for 4 years. Claudius reigned for 13 years. Nero, his son, reigned for 14 years. Galba for 7 months. Otho for 3 months. Vitellius for 8 months. Vespasian reigned for 9 years. Titus reigned for 2 years. Under him, the capture of Jerusalem occurred and the complete desolation of the Jews. From that capture to the reign of Constantine the Great, that is, the reign of the Christians, 237 years, and from the creation of the world, 5841 years, and from the ascension of Christ to the capture of Jerusalem, 40 years.
tlg3135.tlg012:4 · narrativehigh
Source
Κωνσταντῖνος ὁ μέγας ἔτη λγ' ,εωμά' Κωνστάντιος ὁ υίὸς αὐτοῦ ἔτη κδ΄ ,εωξέ Ἰουλιανὸς ὁ παραβάτης ἔτη β΄ ,εωξζ΄ Ἰοβιανὸς ἔτος α΄ ,εωξη΄ Οὐαλεντινιανὸς ἔτη ιβ΄ ,εωπ΄ Οὐάλης ὁ ἀδελφὸς αὐτοῦ ἔτη γ΄ ,εωπγ΄ Γρατιανὸς ἔτη γ΄ ,εωπς΄ Θεοδόσιος ὁ μέγας ἔτη ιζ΄ ,ε ABBREV Ἀρκάδιος ὁ υἱὸς αὐτοῦ ἔτη ιγ΄ ,ε ABBREV ιγ΄ Θεοδόσιος ὁ μικρὸς ἔτη μβ΄ ,ε ABBREV νέ Μαρκιανὸς ἔτη ς΄ ,ε ABBREV ξά΄ Λέων ὁ μέγας ἔτη ιζ΄ ,ε ABBREV οη΄ Λέων ὁ μικρὸς ἔτος α΄ ,ε ABBREV οθ΄ Ζήνων ἐβασίλευσεν ἔτη ις΄ ,ε ABBREV ς΄ Ἀναστάσιςο ἐβασίλευσεν ἔτη κζ΄ ,ςκγ΄ Ἰουστῖνος ὁ γέρων ἔτη θ΄ ,ςλβ΄ Ἰουστινιανὸς ὁ μέγας ἔτη λθ΄ ,ςοα΄ Ἰουστῖνος ὁ νέος ἔτη ιγ΄ ,ςπδ΄ Τιβέριος ἔτη δ΄ ,ςπδ΄ Μαυρίκιος ἔτη κ΄ ,ςρθ΄ Φωκὰς ὁ τύραννος ἔτη η΄ ,ςρθ΄ Ἡράκλειος ἔτη λα΄ ,ςρμη΄ Κωνσταντῖνος ὁ υἱὸς αὐτοῦ ἔτος α΄ ,ςρμθ΄ Ἡράκλειος ὁ υἱὸς αὐτοῦ μῆνας ς΄ Κωνσταντῖνος ὁ υἱὸς αὐτοῦ ἔτη κζ΄ ,ςρος΄ Κωνσταντῖνος ὁ πατὴρ Ἰουστινιανοῦ ἔτη ιζ΄ ,ςρ ABBREV ς΄ Ἰουστινιανὸς τὸ πρῶτον ἔτη ι΄ ,ςσγ, Λεόντιος ἔτη γ΄ ,ςσς, Τιβέριος Ἀψίμαρος ἔτη ξι΄ ,ςσιγ΄ Ἰουστινιανὸς τὸ β΄ καὶ Τιβέριος ὁ υἱὸς αὐτοῦ ἔτη ς΄ ,ςσιθ΄ Φίλιππος ὁ Βαρδάνης ἔτη β΄ μῆν. η΄ ,ςσκα΄ Ἀναστάσιος ὁ Ἀρτέμιος ἔτη β΄,ςσκγ΄ Θεοδόσιος ὁ Ἀτραμυτινὸς ἔτος α΄ ,ςσκδ΄ Λέων ὁ Ἴσαυρος ἔτη κδ΄ ,ςσμη΄ Κωνσταντῖνος ὁ υἱὸς αὐτοῦ ὁ Κοπρώνυμος ἔτη κδ᾿ ,ςσπβ΄
English
Constantine the Great, 33 years, 5841. Constantius, his son, 24 years, 5865. Julian the Apostate, 2 years, 5867. Jovian, 1 year, 5868. Valentinian, 12 years, 5880. Valens, his brother, 3 years, 5883. Gratian, 3 years, 5886. Theodosius the Great, 17 years, 5903. Arcadius, his son, 13 years, 5916. Theodosius the Younger, 42 years, 5958. Marcian, 6 years, 5964. Leo the Great, 17 years, 5981. Leo the Younger, 1 year, 5982. Zeno reigned 16 years, 5998. Anastasius reigned 27 years, 6025. Justin the Elder, 9 years, 6034. Justinian the Great, 39 years, 6073. Justin the Younger, 13 years, 6086. Tiberius, 4 years, 6090. Maurice, 20 years, 6110. Phocas the Tyrant, 8 years, 6118. Heraclius, 31 years, 6149. Constantine, his son, 1 year, 6150. Heraclius, his son, 6 months. Constantine, his son, 27 years, 6177. Constantine, the father of Justinian, 17 years, 6194. Justinian the first time, 10 years, 6204. Leontius, 3 years, 6207. Tiberius Apsimar, 7 years, 6214. Justinian the second and Tiberius his son, 6 years, 6220. Philippicus Bardanes, 2 years 8 months, 6222. Anastasius Artemius, 2 years, 6224. Theodosius of Adramyttium, 1 year, 6225. Leo the Isaurian, 24 years, 6249. Constantine, his son, Copronymus, 24 years, 6273.
tlg3135.tlg012:5 · narrativehigh
Source
Λέων ὁ υίὸς αὐτοῦ ἔτη ε΄ ,ςσπζ΄ Κωνσταντῖνος ὀ υἱὸς αὐτοῦ σὺν τῇ μητρὶ ἔτη ι΄ ,ςσ ABBREV ξ΄ Κωνσταντῖνος μόνος ὁ υίὸς αὐτοῦ ἔτη ζ΄ ,ςτδ΄ Εἰρήνη μόνη ἡ μήτηρ αὐτοῦ ἔτη ε΄ ,ςτθ΄ Νικηφόρος ὁ ἀπὸ γενικῶν ἔτη η΄ μῆν. θ΄ ,ςτιζ΄ Σταυράκιος ὁ υίὸς αὐτοῦ μῆνας γ΄ Μιχαὴλ ὁ Ῥαγαβὲ ἔτος α΄ μῆν. θ΄ ,ςτκ΄ Λέων ὁ Ἀρμένιος ἔτη ς΄ μῆν. ε΄ ,ςτκξ΄ Μιχαὴλ ὁ Τραυλὸς ἔτη η΄ μῆν. θ΄ ,ςτλς΄ Θεόφιλος ὁ υἱὸς αὐτοῦ ἔτη ιβ΄ μὴν. γ΄ ,ςτμη΄ Μιχαὴλ ὁ υἱὸς αὐτοῦ ἔτη κς΄ ,ςτοδ΄ Βασίλειος ὁ Μακεδὼν ἔτη ιθ ,ςτ ABBREV γ΄ Λέων ὁ υίὸς αὐτοῦ ἔτη κέ μῆν. η΄ ,ςυιθ΄ Ἀλέξανδρος ὁ ἀδελφὸς αὐτοῦ ἔτος α΄ ,ςυκ΄ Κωνσταντῖνος ὁ υἱὸς Λέοντος ἔτη μη΄ ,ςυξή Ῥωμανὸς ὁ υἱὸς αὐτοῦ ἔτη γ΄ ,ςυοα΄ Νικηφόρος ὁ Φωκᾶς ἔτη ς΄ ,ςτυοη΄ Ἰωάννης ὁ Τξιμίσκος ἔτη ς΄ ,ςυπδ΄ Βασίλειος ὁ Βουλγαροκτόνος ἔτη νε΄ σὺν τῷ ἀδελφῷ Κωνσταντίνῳ ,ςφλζ΄ Ἐν οἷς βασιλεῦσι Σέργιος ὁ πατριάρχης τὸν πάπαν Ῥώμης ἀπὸ τῶν διπτύχων ἐξέωσεν. Ῥωμανὸς ὁ Ἀργυρόπολος ἔτη ε΄ μῆν. ς΄ ,ςφμβ΄ Μιχαὴλ ὁ Παφλαγὼν ἔτη ξ΄ ,ςφμθ΄ Κωνσταντῖνος ὁ Μονομάχος ἔτη ιγ΄ ,ςφξγ΄ Θεοδώρα ἡ Πορφυρογέννητος ἔτος α΄ ,ςφξε΄ Μιχαὴλ ὁ ἀπὸ Στρατιωτικῶν ἔτος α΄ ,ςφξς΄ Ἰσαάκιος ὁ Κομνηνὸς ἔτη β΄ ,ςφξη΄ Κωνσταντῖνος ὁ Δούκα ἔτη ς΄ ,ςφοε΄ Ῥωμανὸς ὁ Διογένης ἔτη γ΄ ,ςφοθ΄ Μιχαὴλ ὁ υἱὸς τοῦ Δούκα ἔτη ς΄ ,ςφπε΄ Νικηφόρος ὁ Βατανιάτης ἔτη γ΄ ,ςφπη΄ Ἀλέξιος ὁ Κομνηνὸς ἔτη λη΄ ,ςχκς΄
English
Leo, his son, 5 years, 6287. Constantine, his son, with his mother, 10 years, 6290. Constantine alone, his son, 7 years, 6304. Irene alone, his mother, 5 years, 6309. Nikephoros, from the genikon, 8 years, 9 months, 6317. Staurakios, his son, 3 months. Michael Rhangabe, 1 year, 9 months, 6320. Leo the Armenian, 6 years, 5 months, 6326. Michael the Amorian, 8 years, 9 months, 6336. Theophilos, his son, 12 years, 3 months, 6348. Michael, his son, 26 years, 6374. Basil the Macedonian, 19 years, 6383. Leo, his son, 25 years, 8 months, 6419. Alexander, his brother, 1 year, 6420. Constantine, son of Leo, 48 years, 6468. Romanos, his son, 3 years, 6471. Nikephoros Phokas, 6 years, 6478. John Tzimiskes, 6 years, 6484. Basil the Bulgar-Slayer, 55 years with his brother Constantine, 6537. During these reigns, Sergios the patriarch removed the pope of Rome from the diptychs. Romanos Argyropoulos, 5 years, 6 months, 6542. Michael the Paphlagonian, 7 years, 6549. Constantine Monomachos, 13 years, 6563. Theodora the Porphyrogennete, 1 year, 6565. Michael from the Stratiotikon, 1 year, 6566. Isaac Komnenos, 2 years, 6568. Constantine Doukas, 6 years, 6575. Romanos Diogenes, 3 years, 6579. Michael, son of Doukas, 6 years, 6585. Nikephoros Botaneiates, 3 years, 6588. Alexios Komnenos, 38 years, 6626.
tlg3135.tlg012:6 · narrativehigh
Source
Οὗτος ἦρξε τῆς βασιλείας ἀπὸ τοῦ ςφπθ΄ ἔτους, ἰνδικτιῶνος δ’, καὶ μηνὸς ἀπριλίου ἁ, τῇ μεγάλῃ πέμπτῃ , ὅτε καὶ ἡ ἁρπαγὴ γέγονε. Ἀπὸ κυρίου Ἀλεξίου τοῦ βασιλέως ἕς ἄρτι ἔτη σμέ, ἔτους ςωξή. Ταῦθ’ ἱστορεῖ ὁ Καισαρεὺς Εὐσέβιος ὁ Παμφίλου ν τῷ λόγῳ ὃς ἐκλήθη Βασιλικός. Ἀρχὴ κόσμου. Ἐπιτομὴ χρόνων τῶν ἀπὸ τοῦ Ἀδὰμ ἴς τοῦ ςφπθ΄ ἔτους, ἕως τῆς ἀρχῆς τῆς βασιλείας τοῦ κυρίου Ἀλεξίου τοῦ Κομνηνοῦ.1) Ἀδὰμ ἐγέννησε τὸν Σὴθ Σὴθ ἐγέννησε τὸν Ἐνώς Ἐνὼς ἐγέννησε τὸν Καϊνὰν Καϊνὰν ἐγέννησε τὸν Μαλαλεὴλ Μαλαλεὴλ ἐγέννησε τὸν Ἰαρὲδ Ἰαρὲδ ἐγέννησε τὸν Ἑνὼχ Ἑνὼχ ἐγέννησε τὸν Μαθουσάλα Μαθουσάλα ἐγέννησε τὸν Λαμὲχ Λαμὲχ ἐγέννησε τὸν Νῶε Νῶε ἐγέννησε τὸν Σῆμ’ Σῆμ’ ἐγέννησε τὸν Ἀρφαξὰδ Ἀρφαξὰδ ἐγέννησε τὸν Καϊνὰν Καϊνὰν ἐγέννησε τὸν Σάλα Σάλα ἐγέννησε τὸν Ἕβερ Ἕβερ ἐγέννησε τὸν Φαλὲκ Φαλὲκ ἐγέννησε τὸν Ῥαγαῦ Ῥαγαῦ ἐγέννησε τὸν Σεροὺχ 1) De bac epitome V. Ducangius praef. vol. 1, p. XXI huius ed.
English
He began his reign in the year 6289, indiction 4, on the first of April, on Great Thursday, when also the abduction occurred. From the Lord Alexios the Emperor until now, 245 years, in the year 6878. These things are recorded by Eusebios of Caesarea, the son of Pamphilos, in the discourse which was called the Basilikos. Beginning of the world. An epitome of the times from Adam up to the year 6289, until the beginning of the reign of the Lord Alexios Komnenos. Adam begot Seth. Seth begot Enos. Enos begot Kainan. Kainan begot Malaleel. Malaleel begot Iared. Iared begot Enoch. Enoch begot Mathousala. Mathousala begot Lamech. Lamech begot Noe. Noe begot Sem. Sem begot Arphaxad. Arphaxad begot Kainan. Kainan begot Sala. Sala begot Heber. Heber begot Phalek. Phalek begot Rhagau. Rhagau begot Serouch.
tlg3135.tlg012:7 · narrativehigh
Source
Σεροὺχ ἐχέννησε τὸν Ναχὼρ ἐτῶν ρλ',γρξγ' Ναχὼρ ἐγέννησε τὸν Θάρα ἐτῶν οθ' ,γσμβ' Θάρα ἐγέννησε τὸν Ἀβραὰμ ἐτῶν ο' ,γτιβ' Ἀβραὰμ ἐγέννησε τὸν Ἰσαὰκ ἐτῶν ρ' ,γυιβ' ᾿Ισαὰκ ἐγέννησε τὸν Ἰακὼβ ἐτῶν ξ' ,γυοβ' Ίακὼβ ἐγέννησε τὸν Λευὶ ἐτῶν πβ' ,γφνδ' Λευὶ ἐγέννησε τὸν Καὰθ ἐτῶν μζ' ,γχα' Καὰθ ἐγέννησε τὸν Ἀβρὰμ ἐτῶν ξ' ,γχξά Ἀβρὰμ ἐγέννησε τὸν Μωϋσῆ ἐτῶν οε' ,γψλς' Μωυσῆς ἔζησεν ἔτη ρκ' ,γωνς' Ίησοῦς ἡγήσατο Ἰσραὴλ ἔτη κδ' ,γωπ' Φινεὲς ἱεράτευσε τοῦ Ἰσραὴλ ἔτη κδ' ,γ ABBREV ε΄ Χουσὰρ ἐβασίλευσε τοῦ Ἰσραὴλ ἔτη ν' ,γ ABBREV νε' Γοθονιὴλ ἔκρινε τὸν Ἰσραὴλ ἔτη μ' ,γ ABBREV ε' Εγλὼμ ἐβασίλευσε τοῦ Ἰσραὴλ ἔτη ιη' ,διγ' Ἀὼθ καὶ Σεπφόρα ἔκρινε τὸν Ἰσραὴλ ἔτη π' ,δρκς' Ἰαβεὶμ ἐβασίλευσε τοῦ Ἰσραὴλ ἔτη κ' ,δρκς' Δεβώρα ἔκρινε τὸν Ἰσραὴλ ἔτη μ' δρξς' Ώρὴβ ἔκρινε τὸν Ἰσραὴλ ἔτη ζ' ,δρογ' Γεδεὼν ἔκρινε τὸν Ἰσραὴλ ἔτη μ' ,δσιγ' Ἀβιμελὲχ ἔκρινε τὸν Ἰσραὴλ ἔτη γ' ,δσις' Θωλᾶς ἔκρινε τὸν Ἰσραὴλ ἔτη γ' δισς' Ίαὰρ ἔκρινε τὸν Ἰσραὴλ ἔτη κβ' ,δσξά Ἀμὰν ἐβασίλευσε τοῦ Ἰσραὴλ ἔτη ιη' ,δσοθ΄ Ἰεφθάε ἔκρινε τὸν Ἰσραὴλ ἔτη ς' ,δσπε' Έσβὰλ ἔκρινε τὸν Ἰσραὴλ ἔτη ζ' ,δο ABBREV β' Έλωμ ἔκρινε τὸν Ἰσραὴλ ἔτη ι' ,δτβ' Ἀβδὼμ ἔκρινε τὸν Ἰσραὴλ ἔτη η' ,δτι' Φιλιστιεὶμ ἐβασίλευσαν τοῦ Ίσραὴλ ἔτη λ' ,δτμ' Σαμψὼμ ἔκρινε τὸν Ἰσραὴλ ἔτη κ' ,δτξ' Άναρχία καὶ εἰρήνη τοῦ Ἰσραὴλ ἔτη λβ' ,δτ ABBREV β' Ἠλεὶ ὁ ἱερεὺς ἔκρινε τὸν Ἰσραὴλ ἔτη κ' ,δυιβ'
English
Serouch begat Nachor at age 130, year 3363. Nachor begat Thara at age 79, year 3242. Thara begat Abraham at age 70, year 3312. Abraham begat Isaac at age 100, year 3412. Isaac begat Jacob at age 60, year 3472. Jacob begat Levi at age 82, year 3554. Levi begat Kaath at age 47, year 3601. Kaath begat Abram at age 60, year 3661. Abram begat Moses at age 75, year 3736. Moses lived 120 years, year 3856. Jesus ruled Israel 24 years, year 3880. Phinees served as priest of Israel 24 years, year 3905. Chousar ruled Israel 50 years, year 3955. Gothoniel judged Israel 40 years, year 4005. Eglom ruled Israel 18 years, year 4013. Aoth and Sepphora judged Israel 80 years, year 4136. Iabeim ruled Israel 20 years, year 4136. Deborah judged Israel 40 years, year 4166. Oreb judged Israel 7 years, year 4173. Gedeon judged Israel 40 years, year 4213. Abimelech judged Israel 3 years, year 4216. Tholas judged Israel 3 years, year 4216. Iaar judged Israel 22 years, year 4261. Aman ruled Israel 18 years, year 4279. Iephthae judged Israel 6 years, year 4285. Esbal judged Israel 7 years, year 4302. Elom judged Israel 10 years, year 4302. Abdom judged Israel 8 years, year 4310. The Philistines ruled Israel 30 years, year 4340. Sampson judged Israel 20 years, year 4360. Anarchy and peace of Israel 32 years, year 4392. Eli the priest judged Israel 20 years, year 4412.
tlg3135.tlg012:8 · narrativehigh
Source
Κατὰ δὲ τοὺς χρόνους Ἤλει τοῦ ἱερέως ὁ πρὸς τοὺς Τρῶας πόλεμος συνέστη τοῖς Ἕλλησιν· καθ’ οὑς καὶ Ὅμηρος ἤκμαζεν. Σαμουὴλ ἔκρινε τὸν Ἰσραὴλ ἴτη κ’ δυλβ΄ Σαοὺλ ἐβασίλευσε τοῦ Ἰσραὴλ ἔτη κ’ δυνβ΄ Δαβὶδ ἐβασίλευσε τοῦ Ἰσραὴλ ἴτη μ’ δυ(?)β΄ Ἀπὸ δὲ τῆς βασιλείας Δαβὶδ ἴως τῆς τῶν Ῥωμαίων βασιλείας ἔτη ABBREVμ΄, ἀπὸ δὲ κτίσεως κόσμου ἔτη τακισχίλια ὗν. Γάιος Ἰούλιος ἐβασίλευσεν ἔτη δ’ ευν Αὔγουστος ἐβασίλευσεν ἴτη νς΄ εφς΄ Τῷ τούτου μβ΄ ἔτει τῆς βασιλείας γεννᾶται ὁ κύριος ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦς Χριστὸς κατὰ σάρκα ἐν Βηθλεὲμ τῆς Ἰουδαίας ἐκ τῆς ἀειπαρθένου Μάριας, καὶ πάσχει τὸ ἑκούσιον πάθος ἐν τῷ ἴη ἔτει τῆς βασιλείας Τιβερίου Καίσαρος· τῷ γὰρ ἴε τοῦ αὐτοῦ Τιβερίου ἐβαπτίσθη. Τιβέριος ἐβασίλευσεν ἔτη Γάιος ἄλλος ἐβασίλευσεν ἴτη Κλαύδιος ἐβασίλευσεν ἔτη Νέρων ὁ υἱὸς αὐτοῦ ἐβασίλευσεν ἴτη Γάλβας μῆνας Ὄθων μῆνας Οὐιτέλλιος μῆνας Οὐεσπασιανὸς ἐβασίλευσεν ἴτη Τίτος ἐβασίλευσεν ἔτη Ἐπὶ τούτου καὶ ἡ τῶν Ἱεροσολύμων ἅλωσις γέ- γονε καὶ ἡ παντελὴς τῶν Ἰουδαίων ἐρήμωσις. ἀπὸ δὲ τῆς τοιαύτης ἁλώσεως ἴως τῆς βασιλείας Κωνσταντίνου τοῦ μεγάλου ἤτοι τῆς τῶν Χριστιανῶν βασιλείας ἔτη σλζ΄ ἀπὸ δὲ κτίσεως κόσμου ἔτη εωμά, ἀπὸ δὲ τῆς τοῦ Χριστοῦ ἀναλήψεως ἕως τῆς ἁλώσεως Ἱεροσολύμων ἴτη μὴ.
English
In the time of Eli the priest, the war against the Trojans was undertaken by the Greeks; at that time Homer also flourished. Samuel judged Israel for 20 years, year 4732. Saul reigned over Israel for 20 years, year 4752. David reigned over Israel for 40 years, year 47?2. From the reign of David to the reign of the Romans, 1,040 years, and from the creation of the world, 5,850 years. Gaius Julius reigned for 4 years, year 4555. Augustus reigned for 56 years, year 5606. In the 42nd year of his reign, our Lord Jesus Christ was born in the flesh in Bethlehem of Judea from the ever-virgin Mary, and he suffered his voluntary passion in the 18th year of the reign of Tiberius Caesar; for in the 15th year of the same Tiberius he was baptized. Tiberius reigned for 22 years. Another Gaius reigned for 4 years. Claudius reigned for 14 years. Nero, his son, reigned for 14 years. Galba for 7 months. Otho for 3 months. Vitellius for 8 months. Vespasian reigned for 10 years. Titus reigned for 2 years. In his time the capture of Jerusalem occurred and the complete desolation of the Jews. From that capture to the reign of Constantine the Great, that is, the reign of the Christians, 237 years, and from the creation of the world, 5841 years, and from the ascension of Christ to the capture of Jerusalem, 40 years.
tlg3135.tlg012:9 · narrativehigh
Source
Κωνσταντῖνος ὁ μέγας ἔτη λγ' ,εωμά' Κωνστάντιος ὁ υίὸς αὐτοῦ ἔτη κδ΄ ,εωξέ Ἰουλιανὸς ὁ παραβάτης ἔτη β΄ ,εωξζ΄ Ἰοβιανὸς ἔτος α΄ ,εωξη΄ Οὐαλεντινιανὸς ἔτη ιβ΄ ,εωπ΄ Οὐάλης ὁ ἀδελφὸς αὐτοῦ ἔτη γ΄ ,εωπγ΄ Γρατιανὸς ἔτη γ΄ ,εωπς΄ Θεοδόσιος ὁ μέγας ἔτη ιζ΄ ,ε ABBREV Ἀρκάδιος ὁ υἱὸς αὐτοῦ ἔτη ιγ΄ ,ε ABBREV ιγ΄ Θεοδόσιος ὁ μικρὸς ἔτη μβ΄ ,ε ABBREV νέ Μαρκιανὸς ἔτη ς΄ ,ε ABBREV ξά΄ Λέων ὁ μέγας ἔτη ιζ΄ ,ε ABBREV οη΄ Λέων ὁ μικρὸς ἔτος α΄ ,ε ABBREV οθ΄ Ζήνων ἐβασίλευσεν ἔτη ις΄ ,ε ABBREV ς΄ Ἀναστάσιςο ἐβασίλευσεν ἔτη κζ΄ ,ςκγ΄ Ἰουστῖνος ὁ γέρων ἔτη θ΄ ,ςλβ΄ Ἰουστινιανὸς ὁ μέγας ἔτη λθ΄ ,ςοα΄ Ἰουστῖνος ὁ νέος ἔτη ιγ΄ ,ςπδ΄ Τιβέριος ἔτη δ΄ ,ςπδ΄ Μαυρίκιος ἔτη κ΄ ,ςρθ΄ Φωκὰς ὁ τύραννος ἔτη η΄ ,ςρθ΄ Ἡράκλειος ἔτη λα΄ ,ςρμη΄ Κωνσταντῖνος ὁ υἱὸς αὐτοῦ ἔτος α΄ ,ςρμθ΄ Ἡράκλειος ὁ υἱὸς αὐτοῦ μῆνας ς΄ Κωνσταντῖνος ὁ υἱὸς αὐτοῦ ἔτη κζ΄ ,ςρος΄ Κωνσταντῖνος ὁ πατὴρ Ἰουστινιανοῦ ἔτη ιζ΄ ,ςρ ABBREV ς΄ Ἰουστινιανὸς τὸ πρῶτον ἔτη ι΄ ,ςσγ, Λεόντιος ἔτη γ΄ ,ςσς, Τιβέριος Ἀψίμαρος ἔτη ξι΄ ,ςσιγ΄ Ἰουστινιανὸς τὸ β΄ καὶ Τιβέριος ὁ υἱὸς αὐτοῦ ἔτη ς΄ ,ςσιθ΄ Φίλιππος ὁ Βαρδάνης ἔτη β΄ μῆν. η΄ ,ςσκα΄ Ἀναστάσιος ὁ Ἀρτέμιος ἔτη β΄,ςσκγ΄ Θεοδόσιος ὁ Ἀτραμυτινὸς ἔτος α΄ ,ςσκδ΄ Λέων ὁ Ἴσαυρος ἔτη κδ΄ ,ςσμη΄ Κωνσταντῖνος ὁ υἱὸς αὐτοῦ ὁ Κοπρώνυμος ἔτη κδ᾿ ,ςσπβ΄
English
Constantine the Great, 33 years, 5841. Constantius, his son, 24 years, 5865. Julian the Apostate, 2 years, 5867. Jovian, 1 year, 5868. Valentinian, 12 years, 5880. Valens, his brother, 3 years, 5883. Gratian, 3 years, 5886. Theodosius the Great, 17 years, 5903. Arcadius, his son, 13 years, 5916. Theodosius the Younger, 42 years, 5958. Marcian, 6 years, 5964. Leo the Great, 17 years, 5981. Leo the Younger, 1 year, 5982. Zeno reigned 16 years, 5998. Anastasius reigned 27 years, 6025. Justin the Elder, 9 years, 6034. Justinian the Great, 39 years, 6073. Justin the Younger, 13 years, 6086. Tiberius, 4 years, 6090. Maurice, 20 years, 6110. Phocas the Tyrant, 8 years, 6118. Heraclius, 31 years, 6149. Constantine, his son, 1 year, 6150. Heraclius, his son, 6 months. Constantine, his son, 27 years, 6177. Constantine, the father of Justinian, 17 years, 6194. Justinian the first time, 10 years, 6204. Leontius, 3 years, 6207. Tiberius Apsimar, 7 years, 6214. Justinian the second and Tiberius his son, 6 years, 6220. Philippicus Bardanes, 2 years 8 months, 6222. Anastasius Artemius, 2 years, 6224. Theodosius of Adramyttium, 1 year, 6225. Leo the Isaurian, 24 years, 6249. Constantine, his son, Copronymus, 24 years, 6283.
tlg3135.tlg012:10 · narrativemedium
Source
Λέων ὁ υίὸς αὐτοῦ ἔτη ε΄ ,ςσπζ΄ Κωνσταντῖνος ὀ υἱὸς αὐτοῦ σὺν τῇ μητρὶ ἔτη ι΄ ,ςσ ABBREV ξ΄ Κωνσταντῖνος μόνος ὁ υίὸς αὐτοῦ ἔτη ζ΄ ,ςτδ΄ Εἰρήνη μόνη ἡ μήτηρ αὐτοῦ ἔτη ε΄ ,ςτθ΄ Νικηφόρος ὁ ἀπὸ γενικῶν ἔτη η΄ μῆν. θ΄ ,ςτιζ΄ Σταυράκιος ὁ υίὸς αὐτοῦ μῆνας γ΄ Μιχαὴλ ὁ Ῥαγαβὲ ἔτος α΄ μῆν. θ΄ ,ςτκ΄ Λέων ὁ Ἀρμένιος ἔτη ς΄ μῆν. ε΄ ,ςτκξ΄ Μιχαὴλ ὁ Τραυλὸς ἔτη η΄ μῆν. θ΄ ,ςτλς΄ Θεόφιλος ὁ υἱὸς αὐτοῦ ἔτη ιβ΄ μὴν. γ΄ ,ςτμη΄ Μιχαὴλ ὁ υἱὸς αὐτοῦ ἔτη κς΄ ,ςτοδ΄ Βασίλειος ὁ Μακεδὼν ἔτη ιθ ,ςτ ABBREV γ΄ Λέων ὁ υίὸς αὐτοῦ ἔτη κέ μῆν. η΄ ,ςυιθ΄ Ἀλέξανδρος ὁ ἀδελφὸς αὐτοῦ ἔτος α΄ ,ςυκ΄ Κωνσταντῖνος ὁ υἱὸς Λέοντος ἔτη μη΄ ,ςυξή Ῥωμανὸς ὁ υἱὸς αὐτοῦ ἔτη γ΄ ,ςυοα΄ Νικηφόρος ὁ Φωκᾶς ἔτη ς΄ ,ςτυοη΄ Ἰωάννης ὁ Τξιμίσκος ἔτη ς΄ ,ςυπδ΄ Βασίλειος ὁ Βουλγαροκτόνος ἔτη νε΄ σὺν τῷ ἀδελφῷ Κωνσταντίνῳ ,ςφλζ΄ Ἐν οἷς βασιλεῦσι Σέργιος ὁ πατριάρχης τὸν πάπαν Ῥώμης ἀπὸ τῶν διπτύχων ἐξέωσεν. Ῥωμανὸς ὁ Ἀργυρόπολος ἔτη ε΄ μῆν. ς΄ ,ςφμβ΄ Μιχαὴλ ὁ Παφλαγὼν ἔτη ξ΄ ,ςφμθ΄ Κωνσταντῖνος ὁ Μονομάχος ἔτη ιγ΄ ,ςφξγ΄ Θεοδώρα ἡ Πορφυρογέννητος ἔτος α΄ ,ςφξε΄ Μιχαὴλ ὁ ἀπὸ Στρατιωτικῶν ἔτος α΄ ,ςφξς΄ Ἰσαάκιος ὁ Κομνηνὸς ἔτη β΄ ,ςφξη΄ Κωνσταντῖνος ὁ Δούκα ἔτη ς΄ ,ςφοε΄ Ῥωμανὸς ὁ Διογένης ἔτη γ΄ ,ςφοθ΄ Μιχαὴλ ὁ υἱὸς τοῦ Δούκα ἔτη ς΄ ,ςφπε΄ Νικηφόρος ὁ Βατανιάτης ἔτη γ΄ ,ςφπη΄ Ἀλέξιος ὁ Κομνηνὸς ἔτη λη΄ ,ςχκς΄
English
Leo his son, 5 years, 6287. Constantine his son with his mother, 10 years, 6260. Constantine alone, his son, 7 years, 6304. Irene alone, his mother, 5 years, 6309. Nikephoros, from the genikon, 8 years, 9 months, 6317. Staurakios his son, 3 months. Michael Rhangabe, 1 year, 9 months, 6320. Leo the Armenian, 6 years, 5 months, 6326. Michael the Amorian, 8 years, 9 months, 6336. Theophilos his son, 12 years, 3 months, 6348. Michael his son, 26 years, 6374. Basil the Macedonian, 19 years, 6303. Leo his son, 25 years, 8 months, 6419. Alexander his brother, 1 year, 6420. Constantine the son of Leo, 48 years, 6468. Romanos his son, 3 years, 6471. Nikephoros Phokas, 6 years, 6478. John Tzimiskes, 6 years, 6484. Basil the Bulgar-Slayer, 55 years with his brother Constantine, 6537. During whose reign Sergios the patriarch removed the pope of Rome from the diptychs. Romanos Argyropoulos, 5 years, 6 months, 6542. Michael the Paphlagonian, 60 years, 6549. Constantine Monomachos, 13 years, 6563. Theodora the Porphyrogennete, 1 year, 6565. Michael from the Stratiotikon, 1 year, 6566. Isaac Komnenos, 2 years, 6568. Constantine Doukas, 6 years, 6575. Romanos Diogenes, 3 years, 6579. Michael the son of Doukas, 6 years, 6585. Nikephoros Botaneiates, 3 years, 6588. Alexios Komnenos, 38 years, 6626.
tlg3135.tlg012:11 · narrativehigh
Source
Οὗτος ἦρξε τῆς βασιλείας ἀπὸ τοῦ ςφπθ΄ ἔτους, ἰνδικτιῶνος δ’, καὶ μηνὸς ἀπριλίου ἁ, τῇ μεγάλῃ πέμπτῃ , ὅτε καὶ ἡ ἁρπαγὴ γέγονε. Ἀπὸ κυρίου Ἀλεξίου τοῦ βασιλέως ἕς ἄρτι ἔτη σμέ, ἔτους ςωξή.
English
This man began his reign in the year 6589, indiction 4, on the first day of the month of April, on Great Thursday, at which time also the abduction occurred. From the Lord Alexios the emperor until now, 245 years, year 6768.
Citation. Tergwame, “Chronologia”, tlg3135.tlg012:1, machine-draft, 2026. https://naxiai.com/christian/works/tlg3135.tlg012#s1
Colophon. Source: first1k · licence: CC BY-SA 4.0 · model: deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash:floor · provider: Relace · cost: $0.0068 · generated 2026-11-14.