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Maximus Confessur, Quaestiones ad Thalassium

Max.Conf. · titus

BothSourceEnglish
JSON Dossier
machine-draft · no human review 19 passages · 188 words

Work dossier · summary and historical context

Summary

The Old Georgian version of Maximus the Confessor's Quaestiones ad Thalassium survives in a single manuscript, likely translated from Greek at the Iviron monastery on Mount Athos in the 10th–11th centuries. The original Greek work, composed between 630 and 634 CE, addresses theological questions through typological exegesis, contrasting the Sabbath and the Lord's Day. The Georgian translation was used in monastic circles and influenced theological vocabulary, but it is not part of the Georgian liturgical lectionary. The Titus edition provides the Georgian text without critical apparatus or translation, and manuscript lacunae are not fully documented.

The Old Georgian Quaestiones ad Thalassium is a rare witness to the reception of Maximus the Confessor in the Georgian Christian tradition. It demonstrates the transmission of Byzantine theological thought into Georgian monastic circles, particularly at Iviron, and contributed to the development of Georgian theological vocabulary. The work's typological exegesis and eschatological themes connect it to broader patristic traditions, while its survival in a single manuscript highlights the fragility of medieval textual transmission.

Historical context

The original Greek Quaestiones ad Thalassium was written by Maximus the Confessor between 630 and 634 CE, likely in North Africa or Constantinople, during the Byzantine-Sasanian wars and the early Arab conquests. The work reflects Maximus's engagement with Origenist and Monothelite controversies, using question-and-answer format to address scriptural and theological issues. The Old Georgian translation was produced at the Iviron monastery on Mount Athos, a center of Georgian monasticism, in the 10th–11th centuries. This period saw a flourishing of Georgian translations of Greek patristic texts, often for use in monastic education and liturgy. The translation is preserved in a single manuscript, indicating limited circulation, and its textual relationship to the Greek tradition remains poorly studied.

Apparatus · what the pipeline recorded

Annotation and terms

71 commentary units 20 term18 structure16 sense13 background3 caution1 scripture 31 derived notes 19 open questions 19 narrative
What the kinds mean

Pipeline notes

  • limitThe English is a machine draft produced passage by passage from the transcribed Coptic; no human has verified it. The commentary is model-written and cites only keys the pipeline could resolve.
  • registerRegister: other in Old Georgian; the English keeps the liturgical formulae and the vocatives rather than normalising them.
  • structurePassages: 19 narrative.
  • caution19 passage(s) are fragmentary in the source; the English bridges each break and says so in the note.
  • sourceSource edition: titus — This text is part of the TITUS edition of Maximus Confessor, Quaestiones ad Thalassium. Copyright TITUS Project, Frankfurt a/M, 12.11.2018. No parts of this document may be republished in any form without prior permission by the copyright holder.

Term index

CopticRenderingCountFirst
no glossary terms recorded
maxco:1 · narrativehigh
Source
[Text: Quaest.Thal.] Manuscript S-1463, 69v-70r
English
Question 1. If the holy and great Sabbath, which is the day of the Lord's rest, is the type of the future age, and if the Lord's Day, which is the day of the resurrection, is the type of the present life, how is it that the holy apostles, who were the first to receive the grace of the Holy Spirit, did not observe the Sabbath but rather the Lord's Day?
maxco:2 · narrativemedium
Source
[Page of ed.: 97]
English
the holy and great Sabbath is considered more honorable than the Lord's Day, when the latter is the end and fulfillment of the former?
maxco:3 · narrativehigh
Source
[Line of ed.: 1] ბოროტი უკუე ბუნებასა შინა
English
Evil, then, in nature itself
maxco:4 · narrativemedium
Source
[Line of ed.: 2] მდებარეთა ძალთაჲ დასას\რულისა-მიმართისა
English
of the powers of the perfective direction
maxco:5 · narrativemedium
Source
[Line of ed.: 3] მოქმე\დებისაჲ
English
of the active direction
maxco:6 · narrativemedium
Source
[Line of ed.: 4] არს დაცხრომაჲ და
English
is the cessation and
maxco:7 · narrativehigh
Source
[Line of ed.: 5] სხუაჲ რაჲთურთით არარაჲ.
English
nothing else by any means.
maxco:8 · narrativemedium
Source
[Line of ed.: 6] ანუ თუ კუალად, ბუნებითთა
English
or if again, by nature
maxco:9 · narrativemedium
Source
[Line of ed.: 7] ძალთა ცთომილი გან\მრჩეველობაჲ
English
the power of erring discernment
maxco:10 · narrativemedium
Source
[Line of ed.: 8] არს, სხჳსა მიერ
English
is, by another
maxco:11 · narrativelow
Source
[Line of ed.: 9] მოძრავი პირუტყულად, თჳნიერ
English
as a moving animal, without
maxco:12 · narrativemedium
Source
[Line of ed.: 10] დასასრულისა მათისა. ხოლო
English
of their end. But
maxco:13 · narrativehigh
Source
[Line of ed.: 11] დასასრულად ვიტყჳ მიზეზსა
English
Finally, I will state the cause.
maxco:14 · narrativemedium
Source
[Line of ed.: 12] მყოფთასა, რომლისა მიმართ
English
to those who exist, toward whom
maxco:15 · narrativemedium
Source
[Line of ed.: 13] ბუნებით ჰსურის ყოველთა.
English
by nature it is fitting for all.
maxco:16 · narrativemedium
Source
[Line of ed.: 14] დაღათუ ჩემებითა დამფარველ\მან
English
But if the one who conceals by his own [power]
maxco:17 · narrativehigh
Source
[Line of ed.: 15] შურისამან ბოროტმან სხჳსა
English
of the evil envy of another
maxco:18 · narrativehigh
Source
[Line of ed.: 16] რაჲსმე მყოფთაგანისა მიმართ,
English
of something from among those that exist, toward
maxco:19 · narrativemedium
Source
[Line of ed.: 17] თჳნიერ მიზეზისა მათისა,
English
without their cause,
Citation. Tergwame, “Maximus Confessur, Quaestiones ad Thalassium”, maxco:1, machine-draft, 2026. https://naxiai.com/christian/works/maxco#s1
Colophon. Source: titus · licence: This text is part of the TITUS edition of Maximus Confessor, Quaestiones ad Thalassium. Copyright TITUS Project, Frankfurt a/M, 12.11.2018. No parts of this document may be republished in any form without prior permission by the copyright holder. · model: deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash:floor · provider: Relace · cost: $0.0047 · generated 2026-11-14.