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Enumeratio lxxii prophetarum et prophetissarum

Epiphanius · khazarzar

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machine-draft · no human review 2 passages · 293 words

Work dossier · summary and historical context

Summary

The Enumeratio lxxii prophetarum et prophetissarum is a late 4th-century Greek list attributed to Epiphanius of Salamis, cataloging 72 Old and New Testament prophets and prophetesses. The text survives in a single manuscript tradition, with no critical edition; the digital edition by khazarzar collates several witnesses without recording variants. The list includes figures like Hulda and Noadiah, and extends to New Testament figures such as Agabus and John the Baptist, the latter being unusual in Christian tradition. It was used in Byzantine catenae and patristic florilegia for canon discussions but never held official authority. The work's two-part structure distinguishes 63 primary names from 9 supplementary ones, totaling 72.

The Enumeratio is significant for its attempt to define a prophetic canon in late antique Christianity, bridging Old and New Testament traditions. It influenced Byzantine exegesis and canon discussions, though it never achieved conciliar authority. Its inclusion of marginal figures and New Testament prophets offers insight into diverse prophetic traditions and the fluidity of scriptural interpretation in the 4th century.

Historical context

Epiphanius of Salamis (c. 315–403), bishop of Salamis in Cyprus, composed this list in the late 4th century, a period of intense theological debate and canon formation in the Christian East. The work reflects the need to systematize prophetic figures for exegetical and liturgical purposes, likely within a Greek-speaking monastic or scholarly community. Its transmission is obscure: it survives in a single Greek manuscript tradition, with no known early medieval copies, and was later incorporated into Byzantine catenae and florilegia. The text's attribution to Epiphanius is traditional but not universally accepted; the lack of a critical edition and stemma codicum hinders assessment of textual fluidity. The list's inclusion of New Testament prophets and figures like John the Baptist suggests a broad definition of prophecy, possibly influenced by Jewish or heterodox Christian sources. The work's precise date and original context remain uncertain due to the absence of external corroboration.

Apparatus · what the pipeline recorded

Annotation and terms

12 commentary units 4 term3 structure2 scripture1 background1 reception1 caution 0 derived notes 4 open questions 2 narrative
What the kinds mean

Pipeline notes

  • coverageNo English translation could be identified: a language model asked twice could not name one, though it could not rule one out either. That is not proof that none exists — translations in dissertations, recent books and other modern languages are easily missed.
  • limitThe English is a machine draft produced passage by passage from the transcribed Coptic; no human has verified it. The commentary is model-written and cites only keys the pipeline could resolve.
  • registerRegister: other in ancient Greek; the English keeps the liturgical formulae and the vocatives rather than normalising them.
  • structurePassages: 2 narrative.
  • sourceSource edition: khazarzar — Migne PG text (public domain); khazarzar host and the digitising project state no licence for this layer

Term index

CopticRenderingCountFirst
no glossary terms recorded
khazarzar-epiphanius-enumeratio-lxxii-prophetarum-et-prophetissarum:1 · narrativehigh
Source
ΠΕΡΙ ΤΩΝ ΟΒ ΠΡΟΦΗΤΩΝ ΚΑΙ ΠΡΟΦΗΤΙΔΩΝ ΕΠΙΦΑΝΙΟΥ. αʹ. Ἀδάμ. βʹ. Ἐνώχ. γʹ. Νῶε. δʹ. Ἀβραάμ. εʹ. Ἰσαάκ. ʹ. Ἰακώβ. ζʹ. Μωϋσής. ηʹ. Ἀαρών. θʹ. Ἰησοῦς. ιʹ. Ἐλδάμ. ιαʹ. Μωδάδ. ιβʹ. Ἰώβ. ιγʹ. Σαμουήλ. ιδʹ. Ναθάν. ιεʹ. Δαβίδ. ι ʹ. Γάδ. ιζʹ. Ἰδιθούμ. ιηʹ. Ἀσάφ. ιθʹ. Αἰμάν. κʹ. Αἰθάμ. καʹ. Σολομῶν. κβʹ. Ἀχιάς. κγʹ. Σαμέας. κδʹ. Ὁ ἄνθρωπος τοῦ θεοῦ, ὁ Σήθ. κεʹ. Ἠλί, ὁ καὶ Σιλώμ. κ ʹ. Ἰωάδ. κζʹ. Ἀδδῶ. κηʹ. Ἀζαρίας. κθʹ. Ἀνανί, ὁ καὶ Ἀνανίας. λʹ. Ἰηοῦ. λαʹ. Μιχαίας. λβʹ. Ἠλίας. λγʹ. Ὀζιήλ. λδʹ. Ἐλιάδ. λεʹ. Ἰησοῦς υἱὸς Ἀνανίου. λ ʹ. Ἐλισσαῖος. λζʹ. Ἰωναθάμ. ληʹ. Ζαχαρίας, ὁ καὶ Ἀζαρίας. λθʹ. Ζαχαρίας ἄλλος. μʹ. Ὠσηέ. μαʹ. Ἰωήλ. μβʹ. Ἀμώς. μγʹ. Ἀβδιοῦ. μδʹ. Ἰωνᾶς. μεʹ. Ἡσαΐας. μ ʹ. Μιχαίας. μζʹ. Ναούμ. μηʹ. Ἀμβακούμ. μθʹ. Ὠβήδ. νʹ. Ἀβδαδών. ναʹ. Ἰερεμίας. νβʹ. Βαρούχ. νγʹ. Σοφονίας. νδʹ. Οὐρίας. νεʹ. Ἰεζεκιήλ. ν ʹ. Δανιήλ. νζʹ. Ἔσδρας. νηʹ. Ἀγγαῖος. νθʹ. Ζαχαρίας. ξʹ. Μαλαχίας. ξαʹ. Ζαχαρίας ὁ πατὴρ Ἰωάννου. ξβʹ. Συμεών. ξγʹ. Ἰωάννης ὁ βαπτιστής. Ἔτι δὲ ἄλλους εὑρεθέντας ἔγνωμεν μέρος ἐλάχιστον προφητείας ἔχοντας ἢ καὶ προφάσει προφητικῇ, τοὺς δὲ καὶ περιττότερόν τι προφητεύσαντας, τοὺς μὲν ἀπὸ τοῦ Ἀδάμ, τοὺς δὲ ἀπὸ τῶν καθεξῆς χρόνων, οὓς δεῖν ᾠήθην μὴ παραλεῖψαι αὖθις μετὰ τὸν ξγʹ ἀριθμόν, ἀλλὰ συνάψαι τῇ τῆς ἀνακεφαλαιώσεως ἀκολουθίᾳ, οἷον καί εἰσιν οἷδε. ξδʹ. Ἐνώς. ξεʹ. Μαθουσάλα. ξ ʹ. Λάμεχ. ξζʹ. Βαλαάμ. ξηʹ. Σαούλ. ξθʹ. Ἀβιμέλεχ ὁ καὶ Ἀχιμέλεχ. οʹ. Ἀμασέ. οαʹ. Σαδώκ. οβʹ. ὁ γέρων ὁ ἐν Βεθήλ. Ἄγαβος ὁ ἐν ταῖς πράξεσιν.
English
Concerning the Seventy-Two Prophets and Prophetesses, by Epiphanius. 1. Adam. 2. Enoch. 3. Noah. 4. Abraham. 5. Isaac. 6. Jacob. 7. Moses. 8. Aaron. 9. Joshua. 10. Eldad. 11. Modad. 12. Job. 13. Samuel. 14. Nathan. 15. David. 16. Gad. 17. Idithun. 18. Asaph. 19. Aiman. 20. Aitham. 21. Solomon. 22. Achias. 23. Sameas. 24. The man of God, Seth. 25. Eli, also called Silom. 26. Ioad. 27. Addo. 28. Azarias. 29. Anani, also called Ananias. 30. Iehu. 31. Michaias. 32. Elias. 33. Ozihel. 34. Eliad. 35. Jesus son of Ananias. 36. Elissaios. 37. Ionathath. 38. Zacharias, also called Azarias. 39. Another Zacharias. 40. Osee. 41. Joel. 42. Amos. 43. Abdious. 44. Jonas. 45. Hesaias. 46. Michaias. 47. Naoum. 48. Ambakoum. 49. Obed. 50. Abdadon. 51. Jeremias. 52. Baruch. 53. Sophonias. 54. Urias. 55. Iezekiel. 56. Daniel. 57. Esdras. 58. Aggaios. 59. Zacharias. 60. Malachias. 61. Zacharias the father of John. 62. Symeon. 63. John the Baptist. Further, we have come to know others who were found, having a very small portion of prophecy or even under the pretext of prophecy, and also those who prophesied something more extraordinary, some from Adam, others from subsequent times, whom I thought it necessary not to omit again after the number 63, but to join to the sequence of the recapitulation, such as these are: 64. Enos. 65. Mathousala. 66. Lamech. 67. Balaam. 68. Saul. 69. Abimelech, also called Achimelech. 70. Amase. 71. Sadok. 72. The old man in Bethel. Agabos in the Acts.
khazarzar-epiphanius-enumeratio-lxxii-prophetarum-et-prophetissarum:2 · narrativehigh
Source
ΚΑΙ ΟΣΑΙ ΠΡΟΦΗΤΙΔΕΣ. αʹ. Σάῤῥα. βʹ. Ῥεβέκκα. γʹ. Μαρία ἡ τοῦ Μωϋσέως ἀδελφή. δʹ. Δεββόρα. εʹ. Ὀλδά. ʹ. Ἄννα ἡ μήτηρ Σαμουήλ. ζʹ. Ἰουδίθ. ηʹ. Ἐλισάβετ, ἡ μήτηρ Ἰωάννου. θʹ. Ἄννα ἡ θυγάτηρ Φανουήλ. ιʹ. Μαρία ἡ θεοτόκος.
English
And as many prophetesses. 1. Sarah. 2. Rebecca. 3. Mary, the sister of Moses. 4. Deborah. 5. Huldah. 6. Hannah, the mother of Samuel. 7. Judith. 8. Elizabeth, the mother of John. 9. Anna, the daughter of Phanuel. 10. Mary the Theotokos.
Citation. Tergwame, “Enumeratio lxxii prophetarum et prophetissarum”, khazarzar-epiphanius-enumeratio-lxxii-prophetarum-et-prophetissarum:1, machine-draft, 2026. https://naxiai.com/christian/works/khazarzar-epiphanius-enumeratio-lxxii-prophetarum-et-prophetissarum#s1
Colophon. Source: khazarzar · licence: Migne PG text (public domain); khazarzar host and the digitising project state no licence for this layer · model: deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash:floor · provider: Relace · cost: $0.0017 · generated 2026-11-15.