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Syriac · Letters · 7th century CE (before 659)

Letter 46: Untitled (II)

Ishoʿyahb III of Adiabene · syriac

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machine-draft · no human review 3 passages · 898 words

Work dossier · summary and historical context

Summary

Letter 46 (Untitled II) by Ishoʿyahb III of Adiabene is a Syriac epistle from the 7th century, likely composed during his patriarchate of the Church of the East (649–659). The letter addresses Mār Pĕlūṭ, a church figure honored with the title Mār, and follows Syriac epistolary conventions: opening greeting, exhortation, laudatory description, and self-deprecating closure. It survives in a single manuscript tradition, with no critical apparatus or explicit dating in the edition. The text employs terms like ṭupsā ('example') and rhetorical modesty topoi, but some passages remain obscure, such as the phrase 'until the end of necessity.' Its reception history is undocumented, though Ishoʿyahb's letters were later cited in East Syriac compilations.

This letter offers insight into 7th-century East Syriac epistolary culture and ecclesiastical networks under early Islamic rule. It exemplifies how patriarchs like Ishoʿyahb III used letters to reinforce spiritual authority and community bonds. The letter's survival, though fragmentary, contributes to understanding the transmission of Syriac patristic literature and the later compilation of canonical texts in the Church of the East.

Historical context

Ishoʿyahb III served as patriarch of the Church of the East from 649 to 659, a period of consolidation after the Arab conquests of the 630s–640s. The Church of the East, centered in Seleucia-Ctesiphon, maintained its institutional structure under Muslim rule, with patriarchs like Ishoʿyahb navigating relations with the caliphate and other Christian communities. This letter, untitled and undated, likely belongs to his patriarchal tenure, but the edition provides no precise date or place. It survives in a single manuscript tradition, possibly from later East Syriac canonical collections, though the specific manuscript(s) are unspecified. The letter's addressee, Mār Pĕlūṭ, is otherwise unknown, but the title Mār indicates a bishop or saint, reflecting Syriac ecclesiastical hierarchy. The genre follows Syriac epistolary conventions, blending greeting, exhortation, and praise, with rhetorical modesty. The text's transmission is uncertain, as the edition lacks a critical apparatus, limiting assessment of textual reliability.

Apparatus · what the pipeline recorded

Annotation and terms

16 commentary units 5 term3 background3 structure2 caution2 reception1 sense 0 derived notes 5 open questions 3 narrative
What the kinds mean

Pipeline notes

  • limitThe English is a machine draft produced passage by passage from the transcribed Coptic; no human has verified it. The commentary is model-written and cites only keys the pipeline could resolve.
  • registerRegister: letter in classical Syriac; the English keeps the liturgical formulae and the vocatives rather than normalising them.
  • structurePassages: 3 narrative.
  • sourceSource edition: syriac — CC BY 4.0

Term index

CopticRenderingCountFirst
no glossary terms recorded
dsc-623:1 · narrativehigh
Source
ܡܘ܀ ܐܝܟ ܕܠܝ ܡܬܚܙܝܐ ܐܘ ܐܚܘܢ: ܘܠܟܠܗܘܢ ܕܚ̈ܠܝ ܐܠܗܐ ܫ̇ܦܪܐ: ܟܒܪ ܕܝܢ ܐܦ ܐܢܬ ܡܫܒܚ ܐܢܬ: ܗܟܢܐ ܒܠܚܘܕ ܙ̇ܕܩ ܠܡܟܬܒ ܠܟ. ܠܢܟܦܐ ܘܪܚ̇ܡ ܐܠܗܐ ܐܚܘܢ ܡܝܩܪܐ ܡܪܝ ܦܠܢ. ܝܫܘܥܝܗܒ ܒܡܕܢ ܫܠܡ܀ ܒܒܥܘ ܡܢܟ ܐܘ ܐܚܘܢ: ܦܘܫ ܡ̣ܢ ܥܡ̣ܠܐ ܗܢܐ ܕܪܡܐ ܠܟ. ܘܚܤܘܟ ܢܦܫܟ ܡ̣ܢ ܦܘܡܐ ܕܟܠܢܫ. ܦܠܘܚ ܕܝܢ ܠܐܠܗܐ: ܒܪܘܚܐ ܡܟܝܟܬܐ: ܟܕ ܝ̇ܨܦ ܐܢܬ ܕܫܠܝܐ ܡܥܕܪܢܐ ܗܘ̇ ܕܡ̣ܢ ܟܠܗܘܢ ܩܕ̈ܝܫܐ ܡܬܩ̇ܠܣ. ܘܨܠܐ ܥܠ ܫܝܢܗ ܕܥܠܡܐ ܘܫܠܡܗ̇ ܕܥܕܬܐ ܩܕܝܫܬܐ. ܨܠܐ ܕܝܢ ܐܦ ܥܠܝ: ܕܫܪܟܢܐ ܕܝܘ̈ܡܝ ܒܚ̈ܝܐ ܕܫܦܪܝܢ ܠܨܒܝܢܗ ܕܐܠܗܐ ܐܥܒܕ. ܐܝܟ ܕܝܢ ܕܙܒܢܐ ܬܒܥ. ܘܥܠܬܐ ܩ̇ܪܝܐ: ܘܚܤܝܘܬܟ ܩܒܠܬ̤ ܥܠܝܗ̇ ܠܡܛܥܢ܆ ܗܟܢܐ ܟܒܪ ܐܠܨܐ ܠܡܟܬܒ. ܠܕܩܕܫ ܪ̈ܓܫܝ ܦܓܪܗ ܒܥܡ̈ܠܐ ܪ̈ܘܚܢܝܐ: ܕܢܕܢܚ ܒܗ ܠܥܠܡܐ ܚܫܘܟܐ ܢܘܗܪܐ ܕܟܤ̈ܝܬܐ ܘܡܫܡܫ ܒܪܘܚ ܒܠܡܦܝܕܐ ܕܡܕܥܗ ܢܗܝܪܐ ܥܘܕܪ̈ܢܐ ܕܓܘܐ: ܘܡ̣ܢ ܕܗܪܐ ܕܤܦܘ̈ܬܗ ܡܘܫܛ ܠܟܠ ܢܦܫ ܦܘܪܩܢܐ ܢܨܝܚܐ ܒܟܠ ܙܒܢ̈ܐ ܕܐܘܠܨܝܐ: ܘܡ̇ܠܐ ܬܘܪܤܝܐ ܕܫܝܢܐ ܘܒܤܝܡܘܬܐ ܕܢܝ̇ܚܐ ܠܒܘ̈ܬܐ ܫܚܝ̈ܩܐ ܕܒܢܝ̈ܢܫܐ ܤܢܝ̈ܩܐ܆ ܘܡܬܕܡܐ ܒܟܠܗܝܢ ܠܗ̇ܘ ܕܡܠܬܐ ܦܪܘܩܝܬܐ ܤܡܬ̤ ܛܘܦܤܐ ܠܓܡܝܪ̈ܐ ܠܡܗܘܐ. ܢܙܝܪܐ ܕܩܘܫܬܐ ܘܥܢܘܝܐ ܚܬܝܬܐ. ܛܘܦܤܐ ܫܠܡܐ ܕܕܘܒܪ̈ܐ ܕܪܘܚ܆ ܪܒܢ ܡܝܩܪܐ ܡܪܝ ܦܠܢ. ܙܥܘܪ ܡ̣ܢ ܟܠ ܘܚܠܫܐ ܕܟܠ ܝܫܘܥܝܗܒ ܚܛܝܐ: ܛܥܝ̣ܢ ܠܫܡܐ ܘܡܫܡܫ ܠܐܤܟܡܐ ܒܬܐܪܬܐ ܕܘܝܬܐ: ܤܢܝܩ ܥܠ ܪ̈ܚܡܐ ܒܟܠܫܥ ܠܡܫܟܚܘ ܤܒܪ̈ܐ ܕܚܢܢܐ ܡ̣ܢ ܡܪܐ ܕܓܘܐ: ܒܗ ܒܡܪܢ ܢ̣ܒܥܐ ܕܫܠܡܐ: ܫܠܡܐ ܕܟܠܫܥ ܢ̣ܤܓܐ ܠܟ. ܕܤܘܓܐܐ ܡܝܬܪ ܫܘܦܪܐ ܕܥܒ̈ܕܐ ܡ̣ܢ ܬܫܒܘܚܬܐ ܕܡ̈ܠܐ ܐܘ ܢܨܝܚ ܒܡܫܒܚ̈ܬܐ܆ ܬܐܪܬܐ ܕܤܓܝ̈ܐܐ ܤ̇ܦܩܐ ܠܡܦܤܘ. ܟܕ ܬܥܕܝܪܐ ܠܐ ܒܨܝܪ ܡ̣ܢ ܡܨܠܚܢܘܬܐ ܕܒܗ̇ܢܘܢ. ܐܦ ܡܢܗ̇ ܡ̣ܢ ܠܐ ܡܬܡܨܝܢܘܬܐ.
English
Mū. As if I were not seen, O my brother, and to all the God-fearing who are good. But now you also are praiseworthy. Thus alone is it fitting for me to write to you. To the zealous and God-loving, my honoured brother Mār Pĕlūṭ. Īshōʿyahb in Mediu greets you. I beg of you, O my brother, remain free from this labour that is laid upon you, and restrain your soul from the mouth of every man. Serve God, however, with a humble spirit, while you take care that the peace that helps is that which is praised among all the saints. And pray for the peace of the world and the completion of the holy Church. Pray also for me, that the remainder of my days in life I may accomplish in a manner pleasing to the will of God, as the occasion demands. And since the cause called, and your piety accepted it to bear, thus now I am compelled to write. To the sanctified senses of his body through spiritual labours, that he might illuminate the dark world with the light of hidden things and minister in spirit with the bright lamp of his mind, the inner helps, and with the flow of his lips he directs every soul to salvation, triumphant in every time of distress, and fills the foundations of peace and the sweetness of life for the deep hearts of the afflicted and oppressed, and in all things resembles that one whom the saving word set as an example for the perfect to be. A guardian of truth and a sure foundation. A perfect example of spiritual conduct. The great and honoured Mār Pĕlūṭ. The least of all and the weakest of all, Īshōʿyahb the sinner, errant in name and ministering to the order in the gate of the house, pressed for mercy at all times to find hopes of pardon from the Lord within. In him, the Lord of the desire for peace, peace at all times increases for you. For the abundance of the excellence of deeds surpasses the praise of words, or one triumphs in praises. The gate of many suffices to open. Since help is not less than the success that is in that very thing, even from it, from the impossibility.
dsc-623:2 · narrativemedium
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ܒܗܕܐ ܡ̇ܢ ܥܕܡܐ ܠܐܚܩܐ ܕܨܪܟܘܬܐ. ܒܗ̇ܝ ܕܝܢ ܥܕܡܐ ܐܤܗܕܘܬܗ ܕܪܥܝܢܐ. ܘܒܕܓܘܢ ܠܘ ܡ̣ܢ ܐܠܨ̈ܬܐ ܐܬܚܫܒܬ̤ ܠܝ ܕܐܝܬܝܗ̇: ܕܒܗܘܢ ܟܕ ܒܗܘܢ ܒܫܘܒܚ̈ܐ ܚܫܩܒܘܠ ܡ̣ܢ ܚܪܕ̈ܐ ܢ̣ܚܫ. ܚܫܝܢܢ ܓܝܪ ܐܝܟܢ ܠܐ: ܐܢ ܐܦ ܠܫܘܒܗܪܐ ܕܫܘܘ̈ܕܝܐ ܡܤܟܢܘܬܐ: ܕܦܝܤܐ ܢܩܦܚ. ܘܝܬܝܪ̈ܐܝܬ ܠܐܝܢܐ ܕܐܦ ܠܗ ܠܫܘܦܪܐ ܡܤܬܒ̣ܪܢܐ ܕܡ̣ܢ ܠܓܘ. ܚ̇ܙܐ ܗ̣ܘ ܡ̣ܢ ܟܕܘ ܤܟܐ ܕܙܥܘܪܘܬܗ. ܘܡܛܠ ܗܢܐ ܢ̣ܤܦܩ ܠܡܫܒ̈ܢܚܬܐ ܕܐܝܩܪܟ ܐܘ ܢܟܦܐ: ܫܘܒܚܐ ܕܡ̣ܢ ܐܠܗܐ. ܟܕ ܪܕ̇ܝܐ ܥܡܗ ܗܤܕܘܬܐ ܕܬܒܝܠ. ܘܥܠ ܗ̇ܝ ܕܝܢ ܒܠܚܘܕ ܐܬܛܦܝܤܬ ܠܡܦܤܘܬܟ ܡܦܝܣ ܐܢܐ ܐܟ ܗܫܐ. ܝܕ̇ܥ ܐܢܬ ܓܝܪ ܕܥܒܕܐ ܘܡܫܡܫܢܐ ܐܬܬܤܝܡܬ ܠܡܗܘܐ: ܠܥܡܐ ܗܢܐ ܡܤܟܢܐ ܕܒܢܝ̈ܢܘܐ. ܘܠܟܠ ܚܫ̈ܐ ܡܩܘܒ̈ܠܝܐ ܕܥ̇ܪܨܝܢ ܥܠܝܗܘܢ܆ ܬܫܡܫܬܐ ܕܢܝܚܐ ܡܬܬܒ̣ܥ ܐܢܐ. ܩ̇ܥܝܢ ܗܘ̣ܘ ܥܡ ܫܪܟܠ ܕܐܚܪ̈ܢܐ: ܝ̇ܨܘܦܐ ܛܒܐ ܘܡܥܕܪܢܐ ܚܟܝܡܐ܆ ܡܝܩܪܐ ܡܪܝ ܦܠܢ. ܗܘ̇ ܕܒܤܘܓܐܐ ܕܫܝܢܐ ܥ̇ܡܪܝܢ ܗܘ̣ܘ ܡܛܠܬܗ. ܘܬܩ̈ܢܬܐ ܤܓܝܐ̈ܬܐ ܘܗ̈ܝ ܠܐܬܪܢ ܒܫܩܠ ܛܥܢܗ. ܘܝܬܝܪ̈ܐܝܬ ܕܝܢ ܠܥܕ̈ܬܐ ܘܠܕܝܪ̈ܬܐ. ܘܠܟܠܗ ܬܓܡܐ ܕܠܝܢ. ܐܟܡܐ ܕܐܦ ܐܢܬ ܝܬܝܪܐܝܬ ܡܦܣ ܐܢܬ. ܚܤ̣ܡ ܕܝܢ ܙܒܢܐ ܒܢܝܚܢ܆ ܘܚܛܦܗ ܡܢܢ ܠܓܒܪܐ ܡܥܕܪܢܐ. ܘܒܤܘܓܐܐ ܕܩܘܢܕܝܘܢܘܣ ܐܝܬ ܠܢ ܠܡܬܢܘܓܘ ܐܢ ܐܠܗܐ ܢܩܢܝܗܝ܆ ܐܝܛ ܕܐܦ ܡ̣ܢ ܟܕܘ ܗܐ ܫܪܝܢܢ ܠܡܤܒܠ. ܡܛܠ ܗܢܐ ܡܦܝܣ ܐܢܐ ܐܟ ܒܐܝܕ̈ܝ ܥܡܐ ܗܢܐ ܡܤܟܢܐ ܕܠܬܫܡܫܡܬܗ ܐܬܩ̇ܝܬ: ܕܬܟܬܘܒ ܥܠ ܗܠܝܢ ܠܐܚܝܕ ܫܘܠܛܢܐ ܘܡܕܒܢܐ ܕܓܘܐ. ܕܢ̇ܦܢܝܘܗܝ ܠܢ ܠܓܒܪܐ ܗܢܐ ܦܠܢ. ܡܨܐ ܐܢܬ ܗܘ̣ ܒܚܝܠܐ ܐܢ ܬܨܒܐ ܠܡܥܕܘܬܢ: ܘܕܠܐ ܟܠܝܢ ܡܬܦܢܝܐ ܫܐܠܬܟ ܗܕܐ ܠܢܝܚܐ ܕܟܠܢ. ܘܥܡ̇ܢ ܕܝܢ ܐܦ ܠܟܠܗ̇ ܦܢܝܬܢ. ܠܐ ܗܟܝܠ ܬܟܠܐ ܡܘܗܒܬܐ ܕܥܘܕܪܢܐ ܡ̣ܢ ܥܡܐ ܡܤܟܢܐ ܕܩܪܟ ܐܘ ܪܚ̇ܡ ܐܠܗܐ.
English
In this, until the end of necessity. In that, until the testimony of the shepherd. And in the midst, not with the oppressed was I considered to be: that in them, while in them with praises, I received from the anxious. For it is not like: nor for the boast of the covenants of worthiness, which is fitting and strikes. And especially for the one to whom even the beauty that is understood from within. He saw from when the measure of his smallness. And because of this, it suffices for the praises of your honor or for the toil: the praise that is from God. While the envy of the world runs with him. And concerning that alone I was formed to persuade you, persuading I am now. For you know that a servant and minister was appointed to be: for this worthy people of the faithful. And for all the accepted sufferings that befall them, the service of the one who is worthy follows. They were crying out with the rest of the others: the good and wise helper, the honored Mār Pelag. He who in the multitude of the flock dwelt because of him. And many corrections and for the region he took his burden. And especially for the churches and the monasteries. And for the whole order of the laity. As much as you also especially persuade. The time of the worthy one was snatched away, and the helper man was seized. And in the multitude of the condescension you have to be troubled, if God wills, that is, that even from when he has begun to suffer. Because of this I persuade you by the hands of this worthy people for whose service you were established: that you write concerning these to the one holding authority and the governor of the interior. That they may entrust to you this man Pelag. You are able by force, if you wish, to help him: and that without hindrance this request of mine may be fulfilled for you of all. And with it also for your whole region. Therefore, do not withhold the gift of help from the worthy people of your city or from the lover of God.
dsc-623:3 · narrativemedium
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ܐܠܐ ܤܥܘܪ ܒܥܝܕܟ: ܘܤܝܥ ܠܡܚ̈ܝܠܐ ܕܫ̇ܠܝܢ. ܘܠܘܬ ܠܐܓܪܬܟ ܕܥܠ ܗܕܐ: ܚܝܠܐ ܡܦܝܤܢܐ ܕܤ̇ܦܩ ܠܡܝܬܝܘ ܠܘܬ ܫܘܠܡܐ ܡܥܕܪܢܐ ܫܐܠܬܐ ܕܡܚ̈ܝܠܐ. ܘܤܒܠܢ ܐܝܟ ܕܡ̣ܢ ܨܐܕܝܟ ܠܓܒܪܐ ܗܢܐ ܡܕܒܪܢܐ. ܟܕ ܗܕܐ ܗܟܝܠ ܬܗܒܕ: ܥܘܡܪܐ ܕܫܝܢܐ ܡܬܬܓܪ ܐܢܬ ܠܢ. ܡܠܘܢ ܕܝܢ ܠܥܕ̈ܬܐ ܘܠܕܝܪ̈ܬܐ ܘܠܟܠ ܩܕܝ̈ܫܐ ܕܒܗܝܢ. ܕܟܕ ܕܠܐ ܥܘܟܪ ܢܬܡܨܘܢ ܠܡܫܠܡܘ ܬܫܡܫܬܐ ܕܓܘܐ ܒܨܠܘܬܐ ܕܥܝܕܐ܆ ܢܥܕܪܘܢ ܥܡܟ ܒܐܓܘܢܐ ܕܚܠܦ ܫܝܢܗ ܕܥܠܡܐ ܠܬܫܒܘܚܬܐ ܕܫܡܗ ܕܡܪܝܐ. ܕܗܘ̣ ܒܛܝܒܘܬܗ ܢܢܨܚ ܫܘܠܡܟ ܒܥܕܬܐ ܠܫܘܒܗܪܐ ܕܤܓܘܕܘ̈ܗܝ ܐܡܝܢ܀ ܫܠܡܬ܀
English
But be diligent in your office, and help the weak of the Apostle. And regarding your letter concerning this: the persuasive power that is sufficient to bring you to a perfect conclusion, the request of the weak, and accept as it were on your behalf the man, this administrator. When, therefore, you do this, the monastery of the Apostle will be enriched by you. Fill, then, the churches and the monasteries and all the saints who are there, so that without hindrance they may be able to complete the service of the interior in the prayer of the feast, and they may help you in the assembly on behalf of the Apostle of the world, for the glorification of the name of the Lord. May He, in His grace, bring your conclusion to completion in the church, to the pride of His worshippers. Amen. Finished.
Citation. Tergwame, “Letter 46: Untitled (II)”, dsc-623:1, machine-draft, 2026. https://naxiai.com/christian/works/dsc-623#s1
Colophon. Source: syriac · licence: CC BY 4.0 · model: deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash:floor · provider: Relace · cost: $0.0022 · generated 2026-11-15.