Syriac · Letters · 7th century CE (before 659)
Ishoʿyahb III of Adiabene · syriac
Work dossier · summary and historical context
Letter 45 of Ishoʿyahb III, patriarch of the Church of the East (649–659), addresses the clergy and people of Balad (modern Eski Mosul) during a schism, likely following the death of the metropolitan of Nisibis. The letter opens with Ishoʿyahb acknowledging a report from Balad and expressing distress over the conflict. It survives in a single Syriac manuscript tradition and is part of his epistolary corpus, later cited by East Syriac canonists and historians. The English translation may obscure Syriac technical terms for ecclesiastical offices, such as 'qashshīshā' (priest) or 'mšamšānā' (deacon). The source edition lacks a critical apparatus, leaving textual variants unexamined.
This letter is a key source for the ecclesiastical history of the early Islamic period in Mesopotamia, illustrating the Church of the East’s internal conflicts and patriarchal authority. It relates to Ishoʿyahb III’s broader epistolary corpus, which was later cited by East Syriac canonists and historians, and sheds light on the role of metropolitans and patriarchs in resolving schisms.
Ishoʿyahb III (c. 580–659) served as patriarch of the Church of the East from 649 to 659, a period of transition under early Islamic rule in Mesopotamia. Balad, a town on the Tigris in the ecclesiastical province of Nisibis, was a center of East Syriac Christianity. This letter, likely dating from his patriarchate (before 659), addresses a schism, probably the one following the death of the metropolitan of Nisibis. The Syriac text survives in a single manuscript tradition, with no evidence of multiple recensions. Ishoʿyahb’s letters were preserved and cited by later East Syriac canonists and historians as authoritative sources for ecclesiastical history. The letter uses Syriac terms like ܡܝܛܪܦܘܠܝܛܝܣ (mīṭrōpōlīṭīs, metropolitan) and ܦܛܪܝܪܟܝܣ (paṭrīrḵīs, patriarch), reflecting Greek loanwords. The opening narrative section sets the stage for Ishoʿyahb’s argument, with an obscure metaphor 'from the shore upon one another' possibly describing the schism’s onset.
Apparatus · what the pipeline recorded
| Coptic | Rendering | Count | First |
|---|---|---|---|
| no glossary terms recorded | |||