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Syriac · Letters · 7th century CE (before 659)

Letter 44: To Mar Gabriel the Metropolitan

Ishoʿyahb III of Adiabene · syriac

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machine-draft · no human review 5 passages · 1,575 words

Work dossier · summary and historical context

Summary

Letter 44 of Ishoʿyahb III, patriarch of the Church of the East (c. 649–659), addresses Metropolitan Gabriel. The letter likely dates from Ishoʿyahb’s patriarchate and survives in Syriac manuscripts of the East Syriac tradition. It belongs to a collection of patriarchal letters preserved as models of epistolary style. The text employs technical Syriac terms for ecclesiastical offices and theological concepts, and its vivid imagery (e.g., a serpent’s nest) may reflect contemporary crises, possibly the Islamic conquests or internal church conflicts. The letter blends narrative and exhortation, moving from greeting to a call for action.

This letter illuminates the administrative and pastoral concerns of the Church of the East during a transformative period. It exemplifies the genre of patriarchal epistles and their role in maintaining ecclesiastical discipline. The letter’s preservation as a stylistic model underscores its influence on later Syriac epistolography. Its eschatological themes and references to excommunication offer insight into 7th-century Christian responses to political and religious upheaval.

Historical context

Ishoʿyahb III served as patriarch of the Church of the East from c. 649 to 659, a period marked by the rapid expansion of Islam and the consolidation of the Umayyad Caliphate. The Church of the East, centered in Seleucia-Ctesiphon, faced both external pressures and internal disputes over Christology and ecclesiastical authority. This letter to Metropolitan Gabriel, likely written during Ishoʿyahb’s patriarchate, reflects the administrative hierarchy of the church, with the Greek loanword μητροπολίτης denoting a metropolitan bishop. The letter survives in Syriac manuscripts preserved within the East Syriac tradition, where Ishoʿyahb’s letters were collected as canonical models of epistolary style. The text’s eschatological language and imagery of excommunication (ḥermē) may respond to contemporary anxieties, though the edition provides no explicit dating or manuscript provenance.

Apparatus · what the pipeline recorded

Annotation and terms

28 commentary units 7 term5 background5 structure4 caution3 scripture2 reception2 sense 0 derived notes 12 open questions 5 narrative
What the kinds mean

Pipeline notes

  • coverageNo English translation was located by an automated check of the source corpus and one library catalogue. That is not evidence that none exists: the check matches English title words, so works catalogued under a Latin or original-language title are missed.
  • limitThe English is a machine draft produced passage by passage from the transcribed Coptic; no human has verified it. The commentary is model-written and cites only keys the pipeline could resolve.
  • registerRegister: letter in classical Syriac; the English keeps the liturgical formulae and the vocatives rather than normalising them.
  • structurePassages: 5 narrative.
  • sourceSource edition: syriac — CC BY 4.0

Term index

CopticRenderingCountFirst
no glossary terms recorded
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ܡܕ܀ ܠܡܝܩܪ ܒܟܠ ܐܒܘܢ ܚܤܝܐ ܡܪܝ ܓܒܪܝܠ ܐܦܤܩܘܦܐ ܡܝܛܪܦܘܠܝܛܣ. ܝܫܥܝܗܒ ܒܡܪܢ ܫܠܡ܀ ܕܥܠ ܓܢܒ ܩܢܗ ܕܤܛܢܐ ܡܛܬܢܝ ܦܨܬܐ ܕܚܛ̈ܘܗܝ ܠܡ̣ܥܡܪ ܐܘ ܐܒܘܢ: ܐܝܟܐ ܕܒܟܠ ܝܫܢܐ ܠܒܢ̈ܬܐ ܕܚܪ̈ܡܢܐ ܡܦ̇ܥ: ܘܫܫܛܐ ܡܚܒ̈ܠܢܐ ܡܫܟܚ ܡܢܗܝܢ ܠܐܒܕܢܐ ܕܚܝ̈ܐ ܕܟܠܗܘܢ ܒܢܝ̈ܢܫܐ: ܡܦ̇ܣ ܐܢܬ ܗ̣ܘ ܡ̣ܢ ܟܕܘ. ܐܝܟ ܕܥܠ ܐܝܕܐ ܕܠܟܠܢܫ ܓܠܝܐ. ܕܐܝܟܢܐ ܕܝܢ ܐܡܬܝ ܕܠܫܓܘܫܝܗ ܘܠܕܘܘܢܗ ܕܥܠܡܐ ܡܫܟܚܝܢ: ܐܝܟ ܕܡ̣ܢ ܒܝܫܘܬ ܡܘܙܓܐ ܕܐܐܪ ܡܬܬܪܤܝܢ ܘܡܬܚܝܠܝܢ. ܘܪܫ̇ܦܝܢ ܒܥܓܠ ܠܡܟܝܘ ܠܒܢܝ̈ܢܫܐ ܚܠܫ̈ܐ܆ ܕܗܠܝܢ ܒܠܚܘܕ ܐܝܬ ܠܢ ܠܡܩܕܡ ܘܠܡܪܓܫܘ ܐܝܠܝܢ ܕܐܝܟ ܡܠܬܗ ܕܐܠܗܐ ܕܠܘܬ ܢܒܝܐ: ܒܝܢܬ ܥܩܪ̈ܒܐ ܐܘ ܟܝܬ ܩ̣ܢܗܘܢ ܕܚܪ̈ܡܢܐ ܐܝܟ ܕܐܡ̇ܪܬ. ܡܛܬ̤ ܐܢܘܢ ܦܨܬܐ ܠܥܡܘܪܝܐ. ܡܛܠ ܗܢܐ ܠܤܒܪܬܐ ܒܝܫܬܐ ܕܫܘܥܠܝܗܘܢ ܕܪ̈ܫܝܥܐ܆ ܐܝܟ ܕܡ̣ܢ ܕܘܩܐ ܕܩܪܝܒ ܚܙܝܐ ܡܢܝ ܐ̇ܠܨܐ ܕܬܬܟܪܙ ܠܪܘܚܩܐ. ܕܟܠܢܫ ܙܗܝܪܘܬܐ ܕܚܝܘ̈ܗܝ ܠܦܘܬ ܤܦܩܘܬܐ ܕܚܝܠܗ ܢܬܬܙܝܥ ܠܡܥܒܕ. ܡܛܝܬ̤ ܗܟܝܠ ܥܠ ܥܠܡܐ ܐܘܢ ܐܒܘܢ ܕܚ̇ܡ ܐܠܗܐ ܚܪܬܗ̇ ܕܚܪܬܐ ܐܝܟ ܕܝ̇ܕܥ ܐܢܬ. ܘܐܬܬ̤ ܠܗ̇ ܡ̣ܢ ܟܕܘ ܘܐܚܕܬ̤ ܒܟܠ܆ ܡܪܘܕܘܬܐ ܗ̇ܝ ܕܡܩܕܡܐ ܐܡܝܪܐ ܒܪܘܚܐ ܕܐܠܗܐ: ܕܥܡ ܡܬܓܠܝܢܘܬܗ ܕܤܛܢܐ ܐ̇ܠܨܐ ܗܝ̣ ܕܬܗܘܐ. ܐܘ ܩܪܝܒܐ ܗܝ ܛܟ. ܐܘ ܟܝܬ ܫܪܝܬ̤ ܠܗ̇ ܡ̣ܢ ܟܕܘ ܠܡܤ̇ܒ ܡܦܩܢܐ ܒܥܒ̇ܕܐ: ܗܝ̇ ܕܢܐܬܐ ܠܡ ܒܪܗ ܕܐܢܫܐ ܘܢܫܟܚ ܟܝ ܗܝܡܢܘܬܐ ܥܠ ܐܪܥܐ. ܘܕܐܫܒܘܩ ܤܘܓܐܐ ܕܐܚܪ̈ܢܝܬܐ: ܐܝܠܝܢ ܕܐܢܐ ܟܒܪ ܡܛܠ ܙܥܘܪܘܬ ܢܦܫܐ ܡܚܝܠܐܝܬ ܡܬܪܢܐ ܐܢܐ. ܗ̣ܝ ܗܕܐ ܒܠܚܘܕ ܕܥܠܝܗ̇ ܐܦ ܠܡܘܟܬܒ ܐܬܐ̇ܠܨܬ ܡܘܕܥ ܐܢܐ ܩܠܝܠ ܠܚܤܝܘܬܟ. ܗ̣ܢܘܢ ܗܠܝܢ ܪ̈ܫܝܥܐ ܘܡܓܕ̈ܦܢܐ ܕܥܠܝܗܘܢ ܡܠܬܐ.
English
To the one honored in all things, my holy father, Mar Gabriel the Metropolitan. Ishoʿyahb, by the grace of God, salutes. Concerning the matter of the serpent’s nest, the opportunity of his sins has come to dwell, O father, where in every salvation the hearts of the excommunicated are filled, and the destroyers find a way to lead the lives of all believers to destruction. It is fitting that you yourself, from now, as is clear to everyone, should act. For when the disturbance and the turmoil of the world are able, as from the mixture of the evil of the air, they are strengthened and empowered, and quickly they hasten to strike the weak believers—these alone you have to anticipate and to warn those who, according to the word of God to the prophet, are among scorpions or like the nest of the excommunicated, as you said. The opportunity for dwelling has come to them. Therefore, on account of the evil news of the commotion of the wicked, as from a place near at hand, it is necessary that it be proclaimed at a distance, so that everyone’s caution for his life, according to the capacity of his strength, may be stirred to act. It has arrived, then, upon the world, O father, that the end of the end is hot, as you know. And it has come from now and has taken hold of everything—that rebelliousness which was earlier spoken of by the spirit of God: that with the manifestation of the serpent it is necessary that it be, or it is near to you, or rather it has begun from now to take effect in deed—that which the son of man has not yet found, nor can faith be found on earth. And to leave aside the multitude of other things—those which I, because of the weakness of my soul, weakly pass over—this alone, on account of which I was compelled to write, I make known a little to your holiness. These are the wicked and blasphemers concerning whom the word is.
dsc-621:2 · narrativemedium
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ܚܐܦܐ ܕܫܢܝܘܬܗܘܢ ܫܩܠ ܐܢܘܢ ܒܤܒܪܐ ܫܐܕܢܝܐ ܘܙܒܢܐ ܠܡܨܠܚܢܘܬܗܘܢ ܐܫܟܚܘ ܡ̣ܢ ܥܠܵܠܬܐ ܕܓܠܵܝܢ. ܚܕܐ ܡ̇ܢ ܘܩܕܡܝܬܐ: ܕܠܝܠܘܬ ܡܫܬܡܥܢܘܬܐ ܕܫܠܝܛ̈ܢܐ ܕܗܫܐ ܠܐܝܠܝܢ ܕܒܠܘ̈ܚܫܬܐ ܕܟܤܦܐ. ܘܒܦܝܤ̈ܐ ܡܕܗ̈ܒܐ ܡܬܩܪܒܝܢ ܠܘܬܗܘܢ. ܕܬܪܬܝܢ ܕܝܢ ܤܓܝܐܘܬܐ ܕܡܥܕܪ̈ܢܐ ܒܝ̈ܫܐ ܐܝܠܝܢ ܕܡܢ ܩܕܝܡ ܡ̣ܢ ܗܪܤܝܣ ܕܝܠܗܘܢ. ܗܫܐ ܕܝܢ ܡ̣ܢ ܚܘܫܒܢܐ ܕܗ̇ܢܘܢ ܕܫܠܝܛܝܢ ܐܝܬܝܗܘܢ. ܕܬܠܬ ܬܘܒ ܡܬܩܒܠܢܘܬܐ ܘܡܨܠܚܢܘܬܐ ܕܒܢ̈ܝ ܬܓܪܝܬ ܩܕܡ ܪ̈ܫܢܐ ܘܫܠܝ̈ܛܢܐ ܕܬܡ̇ܢ. ܘܕܐܪܒܥ ܥܡ ܗܠܝܢ ܡܥܒܕܢܘܬܗ ܕܤܛܢܐ ܕܡܬܚܦܛܐ ܒܒܢ̈ܝܐ ܕܠܐ ܡܬܛܦܝܣܢܘܬܐ ܗ̇ܢܘܢ ܕܠܐ ܡܚ̇ܡܤܢܝܢ ܒܚܘܒܐ ܕܩܘܫܬܐ ܕܒܗ ܚ̣ܘܢ. ܘܒܕܓܘܢ ܐܙ̣ܠܘ ܐܝܟ ܡܐ ܕܐܙ̣ܠܘ ܘܐܬܩܪܒܘ ܐܝܟ ܕܡ̇ܥܕܝܢ. ܘܟܕ ܠܐ ܡܠܬܐ ܕܚܟܡܬܐ ܡܠ̣ܠܘ. ܘܐܦܠܐ ܦܝܤܐ ܕܤܟܘܠܬܢܘܬܐ ܩܪܒܘ: ܘܠܐ ܬܘܒ ܬܚܘܝܬܐ ܕܒܝܬܝܘܬܗ ܕܡܪܢ ܚܘܝ̣ܘ. ܘܐܦܠܐ ܠܓܡܪ ܚܕܐ ܡ̣ܢ ܐܝܠܝܢ ܕܫܘ̈ܝܢ ܠܦܓܥܐ ܕܩܕܡ ܫܠܝ̈ܛܢܐ ܡܠܝ̈ܠܐ ܐܬܡܨܝ̣ܘ ܠܡܥܒܕ. ܢܤ̣ܒܘ ܫܘܡܠܝܐ ܕܪܓܬܗܘܢ ܘܦܢ̣ܘ ܠܡܫܓܫ ܠܢ. ܐܫܟܚܘ ܕܝܢ ܐܦ ܠܫܝܠܛܐ ܕܬܝܢ ܕܡܠܝܐܝܬ ܡܥܕܪ ܠܗܘܢ. ܘܢ̣ܦܩܘ ܠܬܚܬ ܙܒܠܐ ܕܩܕܡ ܬܪܥܐ ܕܡܕܝܢܬܢ. ܐܝܟ ܕܐܦ ܐܝܬܝܗܘܢ ܙܒܠܗ̇ ܕܥܕܬܐ. ܘܥܒ̣ܕܘ ܠܗܘܢ ܒܝܬ ܒܙܚܐ ܘܫܝܛܘܬܐ ܒܫܡܐ ܕܥܕܬܐ ܠܘܲܥܕܐ ܩܪܝܒܐ ܕܟܠܗܘܢ ܐܝܠܝܢ ܕܠܬܕܟܝܬܗ ܕܟܝܢܐ ܠܬܡܢ ܐܝܟ ܕܒܥܝܕܐ ܡܬܐܠܨܝܢ ܠܡܐܙܠ. ܘܡ̣ܢ ܗܪܟܐ ܐܦ ܥܠܵܠܬܐ ܠܫܓܘܫܝܐ ܡܙܝܥܝܢ ܒܟܠܝܘܡ. ܘܝܬܝܪܐܝܬ ܡ̣ܢ ܓܘܕ̈ܦܐ ܐܡܝ̈ܢܐ ܕܡܓܦܝܢ ܒܟܠ ܝܘܡ ܥܠ ܥܕܬܗ ܕܐܠܗܐ ܒܦܘ̈ܡܐ ܡܪ̈ܚܐ. ܘܐܝܠܝܢ ܕܡܝܩܪ̈ܐ ܐܢܘܢ ܒܥܡܢ. ܝܠܕܐ ܐܢܘܢ ܥܬܝܩܐ ܕܗܪܤܝܣ ܕܝܠܗܘܢ. ܘܠܗܘܢ ܙ̇ܕܩܝܢ. ܘܕܝܠܗܘܢ ܐܝܬܝܗܘܢ ܡ̣ܢ ܟܝܢܐ ܘܡܢܗ ܕܨܒܝܢܐ. ܘܗ̇ܘ ܕܡ̣ܢ ܟܠܗܘܢ ܟܐܡܬ ܡܤܬܒܪ ܕܪܫܝ.
English
The foot of their wickedness has taken hold, with demonic hope and sacrifice they found success for their machinations, through the pretext of revelations. One, first: the madness of the obedience of the rulers of the present to those who are in bronze vessels of silver, and with golden persuasions they draw near to them. The second, however, is the multitude of evil helpers, those who from the beginning were with their heresy; now, however, they are with the thought that they themselves are rulers. Third, again, the acceptance and success of the sons of the Targrite before the heads and rulers there. And fourth, with these is the work of Satan, who strives in sons who are not to be pacified, those who do not tremble in the love of truth in which they live. And in deceit they went as they went, and they approached as they are accustomed. And when they spoke no word of wisdom, nor offered a persuasion of prudence, nor again did they show a sign of the household of my Lord; nor indeed were they able to accomplish even one of those things that are fitting for an encounter before eloquent rulers. They took the completion of their desire and began to disturb. They found, however, also the authority of the time, which fully aided them. And they went out beneath the dung-heap before the gate of the city, as if they themselves were the dung-heap of the Church. And they made for themselves a house of mockery and folly in the name of the Church, for the near future of all those who, for the purification of the nature, are compelled to go there as if by custom. And from here also they stir up a pretext for disturbance daily, and especially with the bitter blasphemies that they utter daily against the Church of God through reckless mouths. And those who are honored by you, the ancient offspring of their heresy, are worthy of them. And they themselves are from the nature and from the will of desire. And that which from all of them is thus considered to be the head.
dsc-621:3 · narrativemedium
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ܘܐܦ ܙܒܢܐ ܤܦܩܐܝܬ ܡ̇ܨܠܚ ܠܗ. ܗܘ̇ ܕܡ̣ܢ ܐܒܐ ܡ̇ܢ ܟܪܤܛܝܢܐ ܐܪܬܕܘܟܤܘܣ. ܘܡ̣ܢ ܐܡܐ ܕܝܢ ܟܪܤܛܝܢܐ ܗܪܛܝܩܐ: ܘܫܪܝ ܡ̣ܢ ܗ̇ܝ ܕܐܡܐ: ܘܪܕܐ ܩܠܝܠ ܨܝܕ ܗ̇ܝ ܕܐܒܐ: ܘܐܬܝܒܠ ܬܘܒ ܒܬܪ ܗܝܠܢ ܐܦ ܨܝܕ ܚܢܦܘܬܐ ܚܬܝܬܬܐ ܗ̇ܝ ܕܠܤܛܝ̈ܐܐ ܓܠܝܐ. ܘܒܬܪ ܟܢ ܬܘܒ ܥܡ ܚܢܦܘܬܐ ܡܙܥܙܥܬܐ ܫܘܬܦܘܬܐ ܕܗܪ̈ܛܝܩܐ. ܘܟܕ ܡ̣ܢ ܚܤܕܐ ܥܠܡܢܝܐ ܐܝܟ ܕܡ̣ܢ ܩܘܦܚܐ ܕܬܐܪܬܐ ܬܐܥܨܝ: ܩܠܝܠ ܠܘܬ ܥܕܬܗ ܕܐܠܗܐ ܐܬܦܢܝ. ܥܕܡܐ ܕܡ̣ܢ ܕܚܠܬܐ ܕܡܘܬܐ ܘܩܢܛܐ ܕܫܠܝ̈ܛܢܐ ܐܓܗܝ. ܗܫܐ ܡܢܕܪܫ ܐܝܟ ܟܠܒܐ ܥܠ ܬܝܘܒܗ ܠܘܬ ܥܩܪܐ ܕܡܪܪ̈ܐ ܕܡܢܗ ܒܝܕ ܐܡܗ ܫܘܲܚ. ܐܬܗܦܟ ܒܚܐܦܐ ܕܚܪܥܘܬܐ ܘܠܡܚܦ̈ܛܢܐ ܕܪܘܫܥܐ ܩܝܘܡܐ ܗ̣ܘ ܕܬܘܟܠܢܐ ܘܡܡܠܝܢܐ ܕܐܝܠܝܢ ܕܡܬܒܗܝܢ. ܘܡܛܠ ܗܢܐ ܡܬܬܪܝܡܝܢ ܘܡܫܬܥܠܝܢ ܘܥܤܩ̈ܝ ܠܡܤܬܝܒܪܘ ܐܝܬܝܗܘܢ ܐܝܟ ܕܟܬܝܒ: ܕܚܙܝܬ ܠܡ ܪ̈ܫܝܥܐ ܕܡܫܬܒܗܪܝܢ: ܘܡܬܬܪܝܡܝܢ ܐܝܟ ܐܝܠܢ̈ܐ ܕܥܒܐ. ܘܥܡܐ ܕܝܢ ܕܝܠܢ ܡܤܟܝܢ ܒܚܝܠܐ ܘܨܪܝܟ ܒܥܘܬܪܐ. ܘܡ̣ܢ ܡܫܠܛܘܬܐ ܘܝܕܥܘܬܐ ܕܒܥܠܡܐ ܡܠܝܐܝܬ ܡܤܪܩ. ܒܪܡ ܐܝܬ ܗ̣ܘ ܒܗܘܢ ܒܥܘܕܪܢܗ ܕܐܠܗܐ ܛܢܢܐ ܕܗܝܡܢܘܬܐ ܫܪܝܪܬܐ. ܘܡܬܬܢܚܝܢ ܛܒ ܘܡܬܕܢܩܝܢ ܡ̣ܢ ܚܙ̇ܬܐ ܒܝܫܬܐ ܕܐܬ̇ܐ ܛܢܦܬܐ: ܕܤ̣ܡ ܤܛܢܐ ܥܠ ܬܪܥܐ ܕܡܕܝܢܬܗܘܢ. ܙܒܢ̈ܝܢ ܕܝܢ ܤܓܝ̈ܐܢ ܐܦ ܡܫܬܓܪܝܢ ܡ̣ܢ ܚܐܦܐ ܕܛܚܐ: ܠܡܤܥܐ ܥܠ ܩܘܢܕܝܢܘܣ ܕܡܘܬܐ. ܒܐܝܠܝܢ ܕܠܘܩܒܠ ܙܒܢܐ ܐܝܬܝܗܝܢ. ܒܪܡ ܐܬܚܙܝܬ̤ ܠܝ ܕܡܥܕܪܐ: ܕܠܥܡܐ ܪܚ̇ܡ ܗܝܡܢܘܬܐ ܡ̣ܢ ܚܐܦ̈ܐ ܕܡܬܬܙܝܥܢܘܬܗ ܒܡܪܬܝܢܘܬܐ ܕܥܝܕܐ ܐܢܝܚ: ܘܕܐܢܐ ܩܢܘܡܝ ܠܩܕܡ ܫܠܝ̈ܛܢܐ ܕܙܒܢܐ ܐܬܡ̇ܢܥ. ܟܕ ܛܥܝܢ ܐܢܐ ܟܘܪܗܢܐ ܦܓܪܝܐ ܐܝܢܐ ܕܠܘ ܤܓܝ ܒܨܝܪ ܡ̣ܢ ܚܫܐ ܘܕܘܘܢܐ ܢܦܫܢܝܐ.
English
And also the sacrifice succeeded sufficiently for him. He who was with the father, with the Christodochos, and with the mother, with the Christodochea Hērētika; and he began with the mother, and drove a little against the father, and was led again after that also against the manifest blasphemy of the heretics. And after that again, with the shaken blasphemy, the communion of the heretics. And when, with worldly shame, as with the blow of a door that is shut, he turned a little toward the church of God, until, with the fear of death and the sword of the rulers, he was compelled. Now again, like a dog, he returns to the root of the bitternesses of his mother, which he left through his mother. He turned in the haste of madness and the snares of wickedness, being the foundation of the hope and the fulfillment of those who are ashamed. And because of this, they are exalted and boast, and it is difficult to perceive that they are as it is written: "Have you not seen the wicked who boast, and are exalted like the trees of the forest?" But the people of the just are humbled by force and are in need of wealth. And with authority and knowledge of the world, they are fully stripped. However, there was among them, by the help of God, the guardian of the true faith. And they are well instructed and are refined from the evil sight that came as a flood: that placed a stumbling block at the gate of their city. The sacrifices, however, are many and are also stirred up by the haste of error, to rush upon the sword of death, by those who are against the sacrifice. But it seemed to me that it was helpful: that for the people who love the faith, from the haste of their agitation, by the bitterness of custom, it is eased; and that my coming to stand before the rulers of the sacrifice was hindered. While I was afflicted with a bodily illness, which is not much less than the pain and distress of the soul.
dsc-621:4 · narrativemedium
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ܘܗܐ ܒܥܘܕܪܢܗ ܕܐܠܗܐ ܫܪܝ̣ܬ ܐܡܪܕܐ ܟܕ ܡܦܣ ܐܢܐ ܕܒܡܨܥܬ ܬܓܪܝܬ ܐܝܟ ܕܒܬܐܛܪܘܢ ܕܪ̈ܫܝܥܐ ܐܝܬ ܠܝ ܠܡܩܡ. ܕܤܛܪ ܡܢܗ ܕܟܒܒ ܡܨܥܐܝܬ ܕܟܒܪ ܡܫܬܟܚ. ܐܠܐ ܐܦ ܤܓܝ̈ܐܐ ܡ̣ܢ ܗ̇ܢܘܢ ܕܥܡܗ: ܕܠܩܘܠܐ ܐܢܘܢ ܕܝܠܝ ܘܡܥܕܪ̈ܢܐ ܕܪ̈ܫܝܥܐ: ܐܠܐ ܡ̇ܛܝܐ ܗܝ̣ ܒܐܝܕ̈ܝ ܐܠܗܐ ܐܝܟ ܕܟܬܝܒ: ܟܠ ܛܝܒܘ ܕܢܝܬܪ ܒܥܒ̣ܕܘ̈ܗܝ. ܘܐܦܢ ܢܨܒܐ ܓܝܪ ܕܡܛܠ ܠܐ ܫܘܝܘܬܐ ܕܚܠܫܘܬܝ. ܢ̣ܫܒܘܩ ܠܫܪܪܗ ܕܢܬܒܤܪ ܒܡܠܐ ܕܒܢ ܬܚܝܬ ܫܘܥܠܝܐ ܕܪ̈ܕܘܦܘܗܝ. ܐܦܠܐ ܗܟܢܐ ܕܠܐ ܝܘܬܪܢ ܐܝܬܘܗܝ ܠܝ ܠܚܛܝܐ: ܥܡ̣ܠܐ ܙܥܘܪܐ ܕܚܠܦ ܡܠܬܐ ܕܫܪܪܗ. ܘܛܝܒܘ ܠܡܪܚܡܢܘܬܗ ܕܥܠܝ ܒܟܠܗܝܢ. ܘܐܢܕܝܢ ܗ̇ܝ ܕܡܝܬܪܐ ܢ̣ܤܥܘܪ: ܘܢܬܠ ܠܫܪܪܐ ܕܗܝܡܢܘܬܗ ܫܘܒܚܐ ܕܦܐܐ ܠܗ ܒܙܒܢܐ ܗܢܐ: ܕܐܝܬܘܗܝ ܟܐܡܬ ܕܫܒܝܩܘܬܗ ܕܥܠܡܐ܆ ܗܐ ܡܟܝܠ ܒܝܕ ܫܠܡܘܬܐ ܕܤܓܝ̈ܐܐ: ܐܤܓܐ ܬܘܕܝܬܐ ܠܬܫܒܘܚܬܐ ܕܫܡܗ ܒܟܠܙܒܢ. ܐܢ ܗܟܝܠ ܐܢܬ ܗ̣ܝ ܠܚܟܡܬܐ ܕܐܒܗܘܬܟ ܐܘ ܐܒܘܢ ܡܝܩܪܐ: ܐܘ ܟܝܬ ܠܛܢܢܗ ܕܥܡܐ ܗ̇ܘ ܪܚ̇ܡ ܠܡܫܝܚܐ: ܗ̇ܘ ܕܒܪ̈ܤܝܤܐ ܕܛܝܒܘܬܗ ܕܐܠܗܐ ܐܬܪܒܝܬ̤ ܡܘܥܝܬܐ ܕܗܝܡܢܘܬܗ܆ ܥܘܕܪܢܐ ܡܕܡ ܕܚܘܫܒ̈ܐ ܡܠܝ̈ܠܐ. ܐܘ ܟܝܬ ܡܪܕܝܬܐ ܕܥܡ̣ܠܐ ܦܓܪܢܝܐ: ܐܘ ܟܠܗܝܢ ܐܝܠܝܢ ܕܠܐܓܘܢܐ ܗܢܐ ܕܩܐ̇ܡ ܡܬܒܝܢ: ܤܥܘܪ ܒܚܦܝܛܘ ܐܝܟ ܕܝ̇ܐܐ ܠܝܬܝܪܬܟܘܢ ܕܥܠ ܟܠ: ܒܟܠܗܝܢ ܐܝܠܝܢ ܕܠܫܘܦܪܐ ܕܟܪ̈ܤܛܝܢܐ ܒܫܘܒܚܐ ܕܦܐܐ ܠܗ ܡܢ̈ܨܚܢ. ܘܐܢܕܝܢ ܡ̣ܢ ܐܝܠܝܢ ܕܕܐܝܟ ܗܠܝܢ ܠܢܝܢ: ܡܥܘܟ ܠܟܘܢ ܙܒܢܐ ܒܤܩܘܒ̈ܠܘܗܝ: ܗܘ̣ܝܬܘܢ ܚ̇ܫܝܢ ܚܠܦܝܢ ܒܥܕܬܗ ܕܐܠܗܐ ܦܪܝܫܐܝܬ܆ ܘܡܨ̇ܠܝܢ ܥܠܝܢ ܒܬܚܝܬܐ ܕܠܒܐ: ܕܐܠܗܐ ܢ̣ܦܬܚ ܠܢ ܬܪܥܐ ܕܡܠܬܐ: ܠܡܦܢܝܘ ܠܫܪܪܐ ܕܗܝܡܢܘܬܗ ܬܫܒܘܚܬܐ ܕܙ̇ܕܩܐ.
English
And behold, by the help of God, the persecution began, while he was persuading that in the midst of the trial, as if in the theater of the wicked, I have to stand. Apart from the fact that the beloved is found in the middle, but also many of those who were with him: to my own voice and the helpers of the wicked, but it has reached the hands of God, as it is written: all the grace that abounds in his works. And indeed, the will, because on account of the inequality of my weakness, they abandoned the truth that was proclaimed in the word that was under the persecution of his persecutors. Nor is it so that I am not more than a sinner: a small labor on behalf of the word of his truth. And grace for his mercy upon me in everything. And I show that which is better to be done: and I give to the truth of his faith the glory that befits it at this time: that he is the pillar of the forgiveness of the world. Now then, by the peace of many, I increase thanksgiving to the glory of his name at all times. If therefore you are the wisdom of your fatherhood, or my honored father, or rather the zeal of that people who love Christ, that which was raised on the foundations of the grace of God, the edifice of his faith, some help of rational thoughts, or rather the discipline of bodily labor, or all those things that are necessary for this contest that stands, do with diligence as is fitting for your excellence above all, in all those things that are for the beauty of Christians in the glory that befits the successful. And I show that with those things that are like these, I labor: I have delayed for you the time in opposition to him: you have been worthy on my behalf in the Church of God especially, and you pray for me with the depth of heart: that God may open for you the door of the word, to manifest the truth of his faith, the glory that is fitting.
dsc-621:5 · narrativehigh
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ܘܕܢܗܦܘܟ ܒܫܠܡܐ ܠܬܫܡܫܬܐ ܕܩܪܝ̇ܬܢ: ܕܠܐ ܕܠܘܚܝܐ ܘܕܠܐ ܡܟܬܫܐ ܕܪ̈ܫܝܥܐ ܕܬܕܥܘܢ ܕܝܢ ܡܐ ܕܠܘܬܢ ܘܡܕܡ ܕܐܬܪܥܝܘ ܠܡܤ̣ܥܪ: ܗܐ ܫ̇ܕܪܬ ܠܘܬܟܘܢ ܠܐܚܘܢ ܡܝܩܪܐ ܡܪܝ ܚܢܝܫܘܥ ܪܫܥܘܡܪܐ. ܩܒܠܘܗܝ ܗܟܝܠ ܒܡܪܝܐ ܐܝܟ ܕܡܥܕܝܢ ܐܢܬܘܢ. ܘܫܪܐܘܗܝ ܒܫܠܡܐ ܘܩܠܝܠܐܝܬ. ܕܒܥܓܠ ܢܐܬܐ ܐܘܬܝ܆ ܠܐܝܟܐ ܕܐܠܗܐ ܡܪܚܡܢܐ ܢܨܒܐ ܒܚܢܗ ܠܡܘܕܥܘ ܠܢ: ܘܢܬܝܗܒ ܫܠܡܐ ܕܒܨܝܪܘܬܝ ܒܐܝܕ̈ܝ ܐܒܗܘܬܟ܆ ܠܟܠܗܘܢ ܒܢ̈ܝܐ ܕܐܒܗܘܬܟ܆ ܐܚ̈ܐ ܚܒܝ̈ܒܐ ܕܝܠܝ ܘܕܓܘܐ. ܘܨܠܐ ܥܠܝ. ܕܫܪܟܢܐ ܕܝܘ̈ܡܝ ܒܚܝ̈ܐ ܕܫ̇ܦܪܝܢ ܠܨܒܝܢܗ ܕܐܠܗܐ ܐܥܒܕ܀ ܫܠܡܬ̤܀
English
And may you return in peace to the ministry of your village, without hesitation and without the persecution of the wicked, so that you may know what is with you and what they have determined to do. Behold, I have sent to you our honored brother Mar Ḥenanishoʿ, the head of the monastery. Receive him, then, in the Lord, as is fitting for you, and send him forth in peace and quickly, so that soon a sign may come, wherever God the merciful wills in his grace to make known to you. And the peace of my lowliness shall be given through your fatherly hands to all the sons of your fatherhood, my beloved brothers and those of the community. And pray for me, that the remainder of my days may be spent in a life that is pleasing to the will of God. Completed.
Citation. Tergwame, “Letter 44: To Mar Gabriel the Metropolitan”, dsc-621:1, machine-draft, 2026. https://naxiai.com/christian/works/dsc-621#s1
Colophon. Source: syriac · licence: CC BY 4.0 · model: deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash:floor · provider: Relace · cost: $0.0036 · generated 2026-11-15.