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Syriac · Letters · 7th century CE (before 659)

Letter 23: To Ishoʿsabran on the true faith

Ishoʿyahb III of Adiabene · syriac

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machine-draft · no human review 1 passages · 342 words

Work dossier · summary and historical context

Summary

Letter 23 of Ishoʿyahb III, patriarch of the Church of the East (649–659), addresses the priest Ishoʿsabran on orthodox dyophysite Christology. Written during Ishoʿyahb’s episcopate in Adiabene (c. 628–649) or early patriarchate, the letter defends the two-nature doctrine against monophysite tendencies. It survives in the collection of Ishoʿyahb’s correspondence, transmitted in East Syriac manuscripts and cited in later theological compilations. The English translation smooths over technical Syriac terms like qnoma and kyana, which require careful attention. The textual basis is a single late manuscript tradition, possibly containing scribal emendations.

This letter is a key witness to the Christological debates within the Church of the East during the 7th century, defending dyophysite orthodoxy against monophysite views. It provides insight into the theological and rhetorical strategies of Ishoʿyahb III, a major patriarch, and the transmission of East Syriac theological literature. The letter’s preservation in later compilations underscores its authority in the tradition.

Historical context

Ishoʿyahb III served as patriarch of the Church of the East from 649 to 659, a period marked by ongoing Christological controversies following the Council of Chalcedon (451). The Church of the East adhered to dyophysite Christology, affirming two natures in Christ, in contrast to monophysite positions. This letter, addressed to the priest Ishoʿsabran, likely dates from Ishoʿyahb’s tenure as bishop of Adiabene (c. 628–649) or the early years of his patriarchate. It was preserved within a collection of his correspondence, transmitted through East Syriac manuscript tradition, and later cited in theological compilations as a witness to orthodox Christology. The letter reflects the internal debates and schisms within the Church of the East, particularly against perceived monophysite tendencies. The source edition lacks a critical apparatus for manuscript variants, and the textual basis is a single late manuscript tradition, which may contain scribal emendations.

Apparatus · what the pipeline recorded

Annotation and terms

6 commentary units 2 term1 background1 structure1 caution1 reception 0 derived notes 2 open questions 1 narrative
What the kinds mean

Pipeline notes

  • limitThe English is a machine draft produced passage by passage from the transcribed Coptic; no human has verified it. The commentary is model-written and cites only keys the pipeline could resolve.
  • registerRegister: letter in classical Syriac; the English keeps the liturgical formulae and the vocatives rather than normalising them.
  • structurePassages: 1 narrative.
  • sourceSource edition: syriac — CC BY 4.0

Term index

CopticRenderingCountFirst
no glossary terms recorded
dsc-600:1 · narrativemedium
Source
ܟܓ܀ ܠܡܗܝܡܢܐ ܕܩܘܫܬܐ ܘܕܚܠܐ ܕܐܠܗܐ ܡܪܝ ܝܫܘܥܤܒܪܢ: ܝܫܘܥܝܗܒ ܒܡܪܢ ܫܠܡ܀ ܘܒ̇ܠܬ ܒܚܕܘܬܐ ܐܓܪܬܐ ܕܚܘܒܟ ܐܘ ܪܚ̇ܡ ܐܠܗܐ. ܘܥܠ ܚܘܠܡܢܟ ܐܘܕܝܬܼ ܠܡܪܢ. ܘܤܓܝ ܡ̣ܢ ܗܝܡܢܘܬܐ ܥܬܝܪܐܝܬ. ܤܓܝ ܐܦ ܠܝ ܥܒ̣ܕܬ ܠܡܚܕܐ. ܥܘܬܪܐ ܓܝܪ ܗܢܐ: ܠܤܚܝܐ̈ܐ ܢܨܚ ܒܟܠ ܕܪ. ܕܥܠ ܒܪܢܫܐ ܕܝܢ ܚܠܫܐ ܘܡܚܒܐ ܗܘ̇ ܕܐܢܐ ܐܝܬܝ܆ ܬܤܡܘܟ ܗܟܢܐ ܡܤܒܪܢܘܬܐ ܕܚܟܡܬܟ܆ ܠܘ ܤܓܝ ܥܨܬܢܝ ܠܡܚܕܐ. ܗܢ̇ܘ ܕܝܢ ܐܦܠܐ ܟܠ ܟܠܗ. ܠܐܝܢܐ ܓܝܪ ܕܡܩܦܚܐ ܠܓܠܝܘܬ ܐܦܘ̈ܗܝ ܐܬܪܬܐ ܕܚܛܗܘ̈ܗܝ ܟܕܘ ܠܗ ܝܫܘܒܚܐ ܗܘ̇ ܕܠܘ ܒܝܫܬܐܝܬ ܐܝܟ ܒܝܫܬܗ ܡܬܡܠܠ܇ ܐܢ ܐܦ ܠܗ ܠܗܢܐ ܕܠܐ ܩܘܢܕܢܘܣ ܢܤܝܒܪ. ܘܐܢ ܠܐ ܗܘ̣ܐ ܕܩܘܢܕܝܢܘܣ ܐܝܬܝܗ̇܆ ܕܐܚܪܢܝܐܝܬ ܠܐܠܗܐ ܢܬܝܕܥ: ܐܚܪܢܝܐܝܬ ܕܝܢ ܠܒܢܝ̈ܢܫܐ ܢܤܬܒܪ. ܒܪܡ ܐܬܛܦܝܣܬ ܩܠܝܠ ܠܡܒܨܪ ܡ̣ܢ ܩܢ̣ܛܐ ܕܦܘܫܟܐ܇ ܒܗ̇ܝ ܕܠܤ̇ܦܪܐ ܪܕܝܐ ܗܘ̇ ܕܫܡܫ ܠܟ ܒܐܘܡܢܘܬܗ ܐܓܪܬܐ ܕܠܘܬ ܒܨܝܪܘܬܝ: ܝܗ̇ܒܬ ܕܐܝܬܝܗ̇ ܡܚܫܒܬܐ ܡܥܠܝܬܐ. ܗ̇ܝ ܕܥܠܝ ܐܝܟ ܕܥܠ ܐܝܢܐ ܕܤܟܢܐ ܐܝܬܘܗܝ܆ ܐܬܬܤܝܡܬ ܡܝܬܪܐ ܒܤܒܪܐ ܕܓܠܐ. ܢܛܠ ܕܝܢ ܡܪܢ ܒܪ̈ܚܡܘܗܝ܆ ܕܗܝܡܢܘܬܟ ܥܠ ܤܒܟܐ ܕܩܘܫܬܐ ܬܫܬܪܪ. ܘܠܓܘܪ̈ܓܐ ܡܚܦܛ̈ܢܐ ܕܒܐܓܪܬܟ܆ ܤܒܪܐ ܡܤܝܡܢܐ ܢܬܝܗܒ. ܠܗܠܝܢ ܓܝܪ ܐܢ ܛܝܒܘܬܗ ܕܐܠܗܐ ܬܤܥܘܪ܆ ܐܦ ܠܝ ܡ̣ܢ ܕܘܝܘܬܐ ܕܚܘܝܒܐ ܦܘܪܩܢܐ ܕܒܛܝܒܘ ܢܤܘܐ. ܘܕܐܟܚܕܐ ܡ̣ܢ ܝܫܘܡܠܝܐ ܕܡܝܬܪ̈ܬܐ ܚܕܘܬܐ ܢܫܟܚ ܒܙܒܢܐ ܕܙ̇ܕܩ: ܢܤܘܐ ܠܢ ܒܛܝܒܘ ܡ̣ܢ ܥܘܬܪܐ ܪܒܐ ܕܡܪܚܡܢܘܬܗ ܕܐܠܗܐ. ܕܗܘ̣ ܒܚܢܢܗ ܚܝܠ ܠܡܚܝܠܘܬܢ ܠܡܥ̣ܒܕ ܨܒܝܢܗ ܟܠܗܘܢ ܝܘ̈ܡܬܐ ܕܚܝ̈ܢܢ܀ ܫܠܡܬ̤܀
English
Letter 23: To Ishoʿsabran on the true faith — Ishoʿyahb III of Adiabene To the faithful and God-fearing Mar Ishoʿsabran: Ishoʿyahb, in the Lord, greetings. I received with joy the letter of your love, O friend of God. And I gave thanks to the Lord for your health. And greatly, with a rich faith, you have also greatly gladdened me. For this is wealth: it shines forth to the righteous in every generation. For concerning the head, indeed, it is weakness and concealment that has come to be; thus the hope of your wisdom supports, not greatly did I labor to rejoice. That same one, indeed, not even the whole. For there is no one who strikes the face of the earth with the guilt of his sins, who has not a praise that is not spoken of evilly according to his evil, or even to this one who is not a Nestorian in thought. And if it were not that it is of Nestorius, that otherwise it is known to God, otherwise indeed it is understood by the heretics. Yet I was somewhat eager to diminish from the measure of the interpretation, in that the scribe who served you in his skill gave the letter to my lowliness, that it is a sublime thought. That which, as concerning one who is of understanding, was placed as excellent in the hope of revelation. And may the Lord, by his mercies, establish your faith upon the foundation of truth. And to the proud who err in your letter, a saving hope may be given. For if the grace of God assists these, also for me, from the affliction of obligation, a deliverance in goodness is fitting. And that together with the completion of the excellences, joy may be found in the time that is right. It is fitting for you in goodness, from the great wealth of the mercy of God, that he, by his grace, is able to strengthen your weakness to do his will all the days of your life. Completed.
Citation. Tergwame, “Letter 23: To Ishoʿsabran on the true faith”, dsc-600:1, machine-draft, 2026. https://naxiai.com/christian/works/dsc-600#s1
Colophon. Source: syriac · licence: CC BY 4.0 · model: deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash:floor · provider: Relace · cost: $0.0013 · generated 2026-11-15.