machine-draft · no human review5 passages · 875 words
Work dossier · summary and historical context
Summary
This anonymous Geʿez homily for the feast of the Archangel Michael on the 12th of Gǝnbot (May) is transmitted in Ethiopian Orthodox manuscripts, often alongside other Michaelite texts. It narrates a dramatic episode set in the reign of Emperor Arcadius (395–408), involving the empress Eudoxia, John Chrysostom, and a widow's earrings, culminating in Chrysostom's death and heavenly reward. The homily reflects a monastic origin, possibly adapted from Coptic or Arabic sources, and belongs to the later Solomonic period (14th–15th c.) based on paleographic and liturgical context. It forms part of the broader cycle of angelic homilies used in the synaxarion and monastic offices.
This homily is significant as a witness to the Ethiopian Orthodox veneration of Archangel Michael and the integration of Byzantine hagiographical narratives (e.g., the conflict between Eudoxia and John Chrysostom) into the local liturgical cycle. It relates to the broader corpus of Ethiopic angelic homilies and the synaxarion tradition, illustrating how Coptic and Arabic sources were adapted for Geʿez-speaking monastic communities.
Historical context
The homily is transmitted in Geʿez manuscripts for the month of Gǝnbot (May), often alongside other Michaelite texts. Its anonymous attribution suggests a monastic origin, possibly adapted from Coptic or Arabic Vorlagen. No explicit date is given in the edition; the homily likely belongs to the later Solomonic period (14th–15th c.), but this rests on paleographic and liturgical context rather than internal evidence. The text is read during the feast of Michael on the 12th of Gǝnbot in the Ethiopian Orthodox tradition and forms part of the broader cycle of angelic homilies used in the synaxarion and monastic offices. The edition (betmas) does not provide a critical apparatus or variant readings, so textual fluidity and scribal interventions across the manuscript tradition cannot be assessed from this source alone.
background — historical or institutional context the text presupposes
term — a Coptic word and the rendering chosen for it
structure — the passage's function in the work
caution — uncertainty or a contested reading
dating — dating, attribution, or sequence of events
reception — later use — liturgy, canon law, daughter versions
parallel — a parallel in another text or tradition
Pipeline notes
coverageNo English translation was located by an automated check of the source corpus and one library catalogue. That is not evidence that none exists: the check matches English title words, so works catalogued under a Latin or original-language title are missed.
limitThe English is a machine draft produced passage by passage from the transcribed Coptic; no human has verified it. The commentary is model-written and cites only keys the pipeline could resolve.
registerRegister: homily in Geʿez; the English keeps the liturgical formulae and the vocatives rather than normalising them.
structurePassages: 5 narrative.
sourceSource edition: betmas — CC BY-SA 4.0 (per file); site footer states NC-SA - treat as NC
And it came to pass in the days of Arcadius, the orthodox king of Constantinople, like Constantine the king and Paul the apostle, and in the days of the archbishop Saint John Chrysostom. In those days, the wife of King Arcadius existed, and she loved ornaments of gold and silver exceedingly, and many foreign ornaments were in her possession. When John Chrysostom saw this, for many days he rebuked and reproached her, but she did not heed his word, and she despised him who heard his word and his message. And on one day, she took the earrings of a certain poor widow by force. And that widow came to John the archbishop and told him how Eudoxia the queen had taken her earrings. And Saint John sent to Eudoxia the queen and rebuked her and asked her with many entreaties that she might return to that poor widow her earrings.
And he taught them, John, and he taught them the word of God, and all of them believed in the name of our Lord Jesus Christ, to whom is praise forever and ever. And through the intercession of the holy Michael, chief of the angels, angel of mercy and compassion, they built many churches, and John Chrysostom consecrated them for them, and he appointed for them bishops, priests, and deacons. And he reposed on the tenth and the second day of the month of Genbot, and he was buried on the island of Akratya while he was in his exile. And he received the crown of martyrdom and honor in the kingdom of the heavens, and he rejoiced with the souls of all the righteous and martyrs in the heavens forever and ever. And all this that happened through the intercession of the holy Michael, chief of the angels—may his prayer and blessing be with us forever and ever. Amen. And for its reader, may his name be written at the golden pillar in the color of righteousness with the children of Zatimrfaq; for the elders and the children, may they be saved from falling because of the intercession of Michael the chief and because of the prayer of John Chrysostom forever and ever. Amen.
In the name of the Father, and the Son, and the Holy Spirit, one God. A homily of the holy Michael, of the hidden and the manifest. Jesus Christ, God, God, God, Yawi, Yawi, Yawi, Ṣabāt, perfect, full of the heavens. Holy, your praises, Aphlatos, Aphlanata, Michael, and Gebrǝʿel, Surafel, and Kerubel, the armies of Ṣadqǝl, Ṣadtāʾel, Ṣadqāʾel, Seltǝʾel, Seltǝʾel, Aphlatāʿel, the destroyer of the enemy. A homily of the holy Michael, chief of the angels. He asks for mercy and intercession; he asks for us and for the remission of our sins forever and ever. Amen. A narrative concerning John, the bishop of Ethiopia, who came after our father Isaac, in order to make known the power of the holy Michael, the angel, which is read in the month of Gǝnbot. May his blessing be with his deed forever. And it came to pass in the days of Arcadius, son of Theodosius, the orthodox king of the city of Constantinople and of Italy. And in the time of John, the bishop, who is Chrysostom. And the wife of Arcadius, whose name was Eudoxia, a lover of wealth. And when John saw that she loved wealth, it grieved and angered him. And John the bishop anathematized them and gave them penances and condemnations. And he reposed on the 12th of Gǝnbot. And he received the crown of glory and entered into the kingdom of heaven with the righteous and the martyrs. And this which came to pass through the intercession of the holy Michael, chief of the angels, his exaltation shall be with his deed forever. Amen.
In the name of the Father, and the Son, and the Holy Spirit, one God. A homily of the holy, honored, and mighty chief of the angels, Michael, and a narrative and a narrative concerning John, bishop of the land of Ethiopia, who came after our father Isaac, bishop, which is read on the tenth and the second of the month of Genbot. In the peace of God the Father, amen. May his blessing and his prostration be with us forever and ever, amen. And it was in the days of Arcadius, king, son of Theodosius, king, of orthodox faith, of Constantinople, like Constantine, king, and Paul, apostle; and in the days of the chief of bishops, the holy John, who is Chrysostom. In those days, there was a wife of Arcadius, king, and she was fond of treasures of gold, of silver, in power and in strength; and treasures of others, many, were with her.
And all this that came to pass through the intercession of the holy Michael, chief of the angels—may his prayer and blessing be with us forever and ever. Amen. And for its reader, may his name be inscribed upon a golden pillar, in the color of righteousness, with the children of this congregation. For the elders and for the children, may they be saved from affliction through the intercession of Michael, chief of the angels, and through the prayer of John Chrysostom, forever and ever. Amen.
Citation. Tergwame, “Homily on the Archangel Michael (for Gǝnbot)”, LIT3963Homily:1, machine-draft, 2026. https://naxiai.com/christian/works/LIT3963Homily#s1
Colophon. Source: betmas ·
licence: CC BY-SA 4.0 (per file); site footer states NC-SA - treat as NC ·
model: deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash:floor ·
provider: Relace ·
cost: $0.0033 ·
generated 2026-11-15.