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Ethiopic · Hagiography ·

Image of Libānos

Anonymous · betmas

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machine-draft · no human review 3 passages · 496 words

Work dossier · summary and historical context

Summary

The Image of Libānos is an anonymous Geʿez hagiography preserved in a single undated manuscript (Rep. Ch. 377). It praises Libānos, a saint venerated in the Ethiopian tradition, using a trinitarian and Marian invocation and a malkəʾ-hymn structure. The work adapts the salutation formula to describe Libānos's hair and stature, linking him to Christ's salvific role. Its date of composition is unknown, and it has minimal reception outside the manuscript, not being used in the liturgy. The edition lacks translation, commentary, or notes on lacunae.

The Image of Libānos is significant as a rare witness to a hagiographic tradition for a saint venerated in Ethiopia but not among the Twelve Apostles. Its adaptation of the malkəʾ-hymn genre to Libānos illustrates the flexibility of Geʿez liturgical forms. The work's survival in a single manuscript highlights the fragility of Ethiopian textual heritage and the need for further study of its palaeography and content.

Historical context

The work belongs to the Ethiopian Christian tradition, composed in Geʿez, the classical liturgical language of the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church. The manuscript Rep. Ch. 377 is undated, and no palaeographic analysis has been published, so the date of composition remains unknown. The text survives in a single witness, suggesting limited circulation. Libānos is commemorated in the Ethiopian Synaxarion, but this hagiography is not known to have been used in the liturgy. The genre is hagiography, specifically adapting the malkəʾ-hymn form, which praises the saint's bodily parts. The work's invocation echoes Nicene and Johannine themes, common in Geʿez hymnography. Its transmission is isolated, with no other copies recorded in standard catalogues.

Apparatus · what the pipeline recorded

Annotation and terms

17 commentary units 3 structure3 term3 background2 reception2 caution2 sense1 scripture1 parallel 0 derived notes 6 open questions 3 narrative
What the kinds mean

Pipeline notes

  • limitThe English is a machine draft produced passage by passage from the transcribed Coptic; no human has verified it. The commentary is model-written and cites only keys the pipeline could resolve.
  • registerRegister: hagiography in Geʿez; the English keeps the liturgical formulae and the vocatives rather than normalising them.
  • structurePassages: 3 narrative.
  • sourceSource edition: betmas — CC BY-SA 4.0 (per file); site footer states NC-SA - treat as NC

Term index

CopticRenderingCountFirst
no glossary terms recorded
LIT3097RepCh377:1 · narrativemedium
Source
በስመ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ ሕያው፡ ዘኢትመውት፡ አምላክ፨ ወበስመ፡ ማርያም፡ ድንግል፡ ሰዓሪተ፡ መርገም፡ ወሀውክ፨ ውዳሴ፡ መልክእከ፡ እጽሕፍ፡ እንዘ፡ አተሉ፡ በተውሳክ፨ ባርከኒ፡ አባ፡ በመስቀልከ፡ ቡሩክ፨ በዘወሀበከ፡ ገብርኤል፡ መልአክ፨ ኦክርስቶስ፡ ዘተወለድከ፡ እምድንግል፨ መድኃኒተ፡ ነፍሶሙ፡ ትኩን፡ ለሕዝበ፡ ሙስና፡ ወሀጕል፨ ስብሐተ፡ ሊባኖስ፡ ገብርከ፡ ሐዋርያ፡ ቅዱስ፡ ወንጌል፨ ባርክ፡ በየማንከ፡ ወበእዴከ፡ መስቀል፨ አኮኑ፡ ለሊከ፡ ባርኮተ፡ ትክል፨ ሰላም፡ ለዝክረ፡ ስምከ፡ ዘተበጽዐ፡ ፈድፋደ፨ ወለሥዕርትከ፡ ጸሊም፡ ዘድላሌሁ፡ ተንእደ፨ ሊባኖስ፡ በለኒ፡ ወአብስረኒ፡ ገሀደ፨ ዘበምድር፡ ወድሶትየ፡ ዐቅመ፡ ልብከ፡ ፈቀደ፨ በዓለመ፡ ጻድቃን፡ ምስሌየ፡ ትከውን፡ አሐደ፨ ሰላም፡ ለቆምከ፡ ሐመልማለ፡ ገነት፡ ዘኮነ፨ ወለመልክእከ፡ ሐሤት፡ እንተ፡ ያረስዕ፡ ሐዘነ፨ ሊባኖስ፡ ፀሓይ፡ ዘተረሰይከ፡ ብርሃነ፨ ነዓ፡ ነዓ፡ እንበለ፡ ጐንድዮ፡ ፍጡነ፨ ወበላ፡ ለነፍስየ፡ ረዳኢኪ፡ አነ፨
English
In the name of the living God who does not die, the Lord, and in the name of Mary the Virgin, who crushes the curse and the abyss, I shall write the praise of your image, while I add a supplement. Bless me, Father, with your blessed cross, which the angel Gabriel gave you. O Christ, who was born from the Virgin, may you be the salvation of the souls of the people of corruption and vanity. The praise of Libānos, your servant, the holy apostle and evangelist. Bless with your right hand and with the cross in your hand; may the blessing of the cross not be lacking for you. Salutation to the memory of your name, which has spread exceedingly, and to your black hair, whose locks are bowed down. Libānos, tell me and inform me openly; what in the world my desire has determined your heart to will? May I be one with you in the world of the righteous. Salutation to your stature, a verdant shoot of paradise that has become, and to your joyful image, which dispels sorrow. Libānos, sun whose light you were chosen, come, come without delay, without stumbling, and say to my soul, "I am your helper.
LIT3097RepCh377:2 · narrativehigh
Source
ሰላም፡ ለመቃብሪከ፡ እንተ፡ በውስቴቱ፡ ተወድየ፨ ወርቀ፡ ሰብእናከ፡ ንጹሕ፡ ዘተመሰለ፡ ባሕርየ፨ ሊባኖስ፡ ፍቁሩ፡ ለዘሰቀለ፡ ሰማየ፨ በለኒ፡ በንባብከ፡ ጊዜ፡ ትወፅእ፡ ነፍስየ፨ እንዘ፡ ሀለውኩከ፡ አነ፡ ኢትፍራህ፡ ወልድየ፨ ከመ፡ ገብረ፡ ክርስቶስ፡ ብፁዕ፡ እምቤተ፡ መርዓ፡ ወፃእከ፨ ወከመ፡ ዮሐንስ፡ ኅሩይ፡ ገዳመ፡ ትሩፋት፡ ዔልከ፨ እምነ፡ ቅዱሳን፡ ሊባኖስ፡ መኑ፡ ከማከ፨ እንዘ፡ እብል፡ ዘልፈ፡ ለለ፡ ጊዜ፡ አነ፡ ገብርከ፨ በጽርሐ፡ መቅደስከ፡ አባ፡ እገኒ፡ ለክብርከ፨ አባ፡ እሴብሕ፡ ለስምከ፡ ወእዜምር፡ ለከ፨ ናሁ፡ ጸሐፍኩ፡ ስብሐተ፡ መልክእከ፡ ኵሉ፨ በበ፡ መዓርጊሁ፡ ወክፍሉ፨ አባ፡ ሊባኖስ፡ ለዓለመ፡ ድካም፡ መጽንዔ፡ ኀይሉ፨ አስተምሕር፡ በኢያርምሞ፡ ከመ፡ ምስሌየ፡ የሀሉ፨ ለንጉሠ፡ ሰላም፡ ክርስቶስ፡ ምሕረቱ፡ ወሣህሉ፨ ስብሐት፡ ለእግዚአብሔር፡ ለፈጽሞ፡ ዝንቱ፡ ድርሳን፨ ዘጸገወነ፡ ሥልጣነ፡ እምዘዚአሁ፡ ሥልጣን፨ ባርከነ፡ አባ፡ ለደቂቅከ፡ ኄራን፨ ነጺሮሙ፡ ባርኮተከ፡ ወሰሚዖሙ፡ በእዝን፨ ቅዱሳን፡ መላእክት፡ ይበሉ፡ አሜን፨
English
Hail to your tomb, wherein you were laid. The pure gold of your humanity, which was like the sea. Libānos, beloved of the one who hung the sky. Tell me, at the time of your reading, my soul will go forth, while I am with you, I do not fear, my son. As the blessed Gabra Krǝstos went forth from the house of the wedding, and as the chosen Yoḥannǝs entered the desert of virtue. From among the saints, Libānos, who is like you? While I say continually, at every time, I am your servant. At the threshold of your sanctuary, Father, I bow for your honor. Father, I praise your name and I sing for you. Now I have written the entire praise of your image, according to its parts and divisions. Father Libānos, for the world of weakness, the strength of your power. Teach me, that by your mercy I may be like you. For the king of peace, Krǝstos, his mercy and his grace. Praise to God, who has completed this discourse, who has granted us authority from his authority. Bless us, Father, for your good children. Look upon them with your blessing and hear them with your ear. The holy angels say, Amen.
LIT3097RepCh377:3 · narrativemedium
Source
ቅድመ፡ መንበረ፡ አብ፡ ወወልድ፡ ወመንፈስ፡ ቅዱስ፡ ዘይትዐጸፉ፡ ስብሐተ፨ ሊባኖስ፡ ዘትቀውም፡ ኵሎ፡ ዕለተ፨ ወታቄርብ፡ ቅዳሴያተ፨ ሰላም፡ ለከ፡ ሊባኖስ፡ አሐዱ፡ እምነ፡ ቅዱሳን፡ ተስዓቱ፨ ለክርሶትስ፡ ዋሕድ፡ ወአኮ፡ ክልኤቱ፨ እንተ፡ ጾርከ፡ መስቀለ፡ ሞቱ፨ ሰላም፡ ለከ፡ በአምኃ፡ ዝንቱ፡ ማሕሌት፡ ለዘረሰየ፡ ትውክልቶ፨ ሊባኖስ፡ ጳውሎስ፡ መምህረ፡ ቲቶ፨ ሥሙረ፡ ረሲ፡ መሥዋዕቶ፨ ወፍጡነ፡ ተወከፍ፡ ጸሎቶ፨
English
Before the throne of the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit, who are adorned with praise. Libānos, who stands every day and offers the liturgies. Hail to you, Libānos, one of the nine saints. For the one Christ, and not two. You who carved the cross of his death. Hail to you, by the verses of this hymn, for the one who arranged the trust. Libānos, Paul, teacher of Titus. The receiver of the sacrifice of the head. And quickly accept his prayer.
Citation. Tergwame, “Image of Libānos”, LIT3097RepCh377:1, machine-draft, 2026. https://naxiai.com/christian/works/LIT3097RepCh377#s1
Colophon. Source: betmas · licence: CC BY-SA 4.0 (per file); site footer states NC-SA - treat as NC · model: deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash:floor · provider: Relace · cost: $0.0022 · generated 2026-11-15.