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Ethiopic · Hagiography ·

Image of Cyricus

Anonymous · betmas

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machine-draft · no human review 4 passages · 629 words

Work dossier · summary and historical context

Summary

The Image of Cyricus is an anonymous Geʿez hagiography recounting the martyrdom of the child saint Cyricus (Quiricus). The text follows a conventional structure of trial, torture, and execution, and includes an opening invocation to Christ and a series of salutations. It survives in a single manuscript, Bet Mas 375, which is post-15th century. The work likely served as a liturgical reading for Cyricus's feast day on 15 Sane in the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church. The Geʿez version derives from earlier Greek and Syriac traditions, but its precise date of composition is unknown.

The Image of Cyricus is important as a witness to the transmission of Eastern Christian martyr cults into Ethiopian Orthodox tradition. It exemplifies how Greek and Syriac hagiographic narratives were adapted into Geʿez for liturgical use, incorporating local poetic devices such as the salutation (ሰላም) and cosmic imagery. The work also highlights the role of child martyrs in Ethiopic piety and the blending of biblical and apocryphal motifs.

Historical context

The Geʿez hagiography of Cyricus cannot be securely dated; the sole manuscript witness, Bet Mas 375, is post-15th century, but the narrative itself originates from earlier Greek and Syriac traditions. Cyricus was venerated in Eastern Christian communities, and his cult was adopted in Ethiopia, where the text was used liturgically on 15 Sane. The work belongs to the genre of martyrdom hagiography, common in Ethiopic literature, and its structure—including an invocation and salutations—reflects Geʿez encomiastic conventions. The lament of the rivers Tigris and Gihon, drawn from Genesis, illustrates the integration of biblical imagery into local poetic forms. The text's survival in a single manuscript suggests limited circulation, possibly within a monastic or liturgical context.

Apparatus · what the pipeline recorded

Annotation and terms

23 commentary units 4 structure4 term4 background4 caution3 scripture2 reception1 parallel1 sense 0 derived notes 7 open questions 4 narrative
What the kinds mean

Pipeline notes

  • limitThe English is a machine draft produced passage by passage from the transcribed Coptic; no human has verified it. The commentary is model-written and cites only keys the pipeline could resolve.
  • registerRegister: hagiography in Geʿez; the English keeps the liturgical formulae and the vocatives rather than normalising them.
  • structurePassages: 4 narrative.
  • sourceSource edition: betmas — CC BY-SA 4.0 (per file); site footer states NC-SA - treat as NC

Term index

CopticRenderingCountFirst
no glossary terms recorded
LIT3095RepCh375:1 · narrativemedium
Source
ኦክርስቶስ፡ ናዝራዊ፡ ዘተወከፍከ፡ ሕማመ፨ ፀሓይ፡ ብሩህ፡ ወጽዱል፡ አመ፡ ሱራሬሁ፡ አጽለመ፨ መጽሐፈ፡ ዜናሁ፡ ለቂርቆስ፡ መንፈሳዊ፡ ወዘመልክኡ፡ ሰላመ፨ ጸሐፍ፡ ውስተ፡ ልብየ፡ እንዘ፡ ትገብር፡ ቀለመ፨ ደመከ፡ አምላካዊ፡ በመስቀል፡ ዘዘንመ፨ ሰላም፡ ለዝክረ፡ ስምከ፡ ቂርቆስ፡ ሕፃን፨ ዘፍካሬሁ፡ ተብህለ፡ ጽጌ፡ ምዑዝ፡ ዕፍራን፨ ለዝስምከ፡ ነጋሢ፡ ዘኢየዐርቆ፡ ሥልጣን፨ ሶበ፡ ይጼውዖ፡ ልሳንየ፡ ውስተ፡ ገጸ፡ ኵሉመካን፨ ይደንግፅ፡ ሞት፡ ወይጕየይ፡ ሰይጣን፨ ሰላም፡ ለሥዕርተ፡ ርእስከ፡ ዘሠረፁ፡ ወበቈሉ፨ ለርእስከ፡ በላዕሉ፨ በለኒ፡ ቂርቆስ፡ ዘይቤ፡ ለክርስቶስ፡ እግዚአ፡ ኵሉ፨ ሀብተ፡ በረከቱ፡ ወሞገሰ፡ ቅዱስ፡ መስቀሉ፨ ለዓለመ፡ ዓለም፡ እምይእዜ፡ ምስሌከ፡ የሀሉ፨ ሰላም፡ ሰላም፡ ወሰላም፡ እብሎን፨ ለአፃᎅከ፡ ዐሥር፡ ምስለ፡ አጽፋሪሆን፨ ኀድፈኒ፡ ቂርቆስ፡ ኖትያ፡ መንገለ፡ መርስ፡ ወዛኅን፨ እስመ፡ ናሁ፡ አስጠሙ፡ ኅሊናየ፡ በዝዘመን፨ ሰቆቃው፡ ጤግሮስ፡ ወግዮን፡ ኀዘን፨
English
O Christ the Nazarene, who accepted suffering. The sun is bright and pure when its rays are darkened. The book of the spiritual account of Cyricus and of the grace of his form. Write within my heart while you make ink. The divine cloud at the cross that was adorned. Salutation to the memory of your name, Cyricus the child, whose thought is called a sweet flower of plants. To your name, the herald who surpasses authority. When my tongue calls you in the face of every place, death trembles and Satan flees. Salutation to the hair of your head, which they shaved and cut. To your head, the overlord. Tell me, Cyricus, who said to Christ, the Lord of all: "The gift of his blessing and the favor of the holy cross, for the world of the world from now, with you it will be." Salutation, salutation, and salutation I say to your ten fingers with their nails. Despise me, Cyricus, turn the direction of the west and the south, for now my mind is troubled in this time. The lament of Tigris and Gihon, sorrow.
LIT3095RepCh375:2 · narrativehigh
Source
ሰላም፡ ለበድነ፡ ሥጋከ፡ በሰረገላሁ፡ ዘተኀብአ፨ ለነቢይ፡ ኤልያስ፡ በሕገ፡ አምላክ፡ ዘቀንአ፨ መምህረ፡ መምህራን፡ ቂርቆስ፡ እንተ፡ ታጸድቅ፡ ኃጥአ፨ ጌጋይየ፡ ሥረይ፡ ለአባሲ፡ በከመ፡ መምህርከ፡ ሠርዐ፨ ወኅድግ፡ አበሳየ፡ በበ፡ ስብዕ፡ ስብዓ፨ ሰላም፡ ለሕማምከ፡ ወለግፍዕከ፡ ብዙኅ፨ እንተ፡ ያበኪ፡ አልባበ፡ ከመ፡ ግᎈ፡ ክርስቶስ፡ ርኅሩኅ፨ ክረምተ፡ ፍሥሓየ፡ ቂርቆስ፡ ለብእሴ፡ ሰቆቃው፡ ወላሕ፨ ያንጠብጥብ፡ በላዕሌየ፡ መጠነ፡ ሠለስቱ፡ አውራኅ፨ ነጠብጣበ፡ ትፍሥሕት፡ በረከትከ፡ ወዝናም፡ ንጹሕ፨ ሰላም፡ ለነቅዐ፡ ደምከ፡ ዘተቶስሐ፡ በደሙ፨ ለበግዐ፡ መስቀል፡ ክርስቶስ፡ እንተ፡ ያደንግፅ፡ ዜና፡ ሕማሙ፨ እኅወ፡ ሰማዕታት፡ ቂርቆስ፡ ወለሐዋርያት፡ ወልዶሙ፨ ለእለ፡ ገብሩ፡ ተዝካረከ፡ ጸጋ፡ መንፈስ፡ ቅዱስ፡ ሀቦሙ፨ ወዕሤተ፡ ጽድቅ፡ በሰማይ፡ አስተዳሉ፡ ሎሙ፨ ሰላም፡ ለህላዌከ፡ ማእከለ፡ ሰባዕቱ፡ ነገድ፨ እለ፡ ስኡላን፡ በነድ፨ አስተምሕር፡ ቂርቆስ፡ ቅድመ፡ መንበረ፡ አብ፡ ወወልድ፨ ኀበ፡ ተሐንጸ፡ መርጡልከ፡ ወዘዚአከ፡ ዐጸድ፨ ኢይምጻእ፡ በዓለም፡ ዘይቀትል፡ ብድብድ፨
English
Salutation to the wound of your flesh, which was hidden in the chariot, to the prophet Elijah, who was zealous in the law of God. Cyricus, teacher of teachers, who justifies the sinner. Forgive my transgression and error, as your teaching has ordained, and overlook my fault seven times seven. Salutation to your suffering and to your manifold affliction, which makes hearts weep, like the compassionate Christ. Cyricus, winter of my joy, to the man of sorrow, bitter; let it drip upon me for a period of three months, the drop of joy, your blessing, and pure rain. Salutation to the flow of your blood, which was mingled with the blood of the Lamb of the Cross, Christ, which proclaims the news of his passion. Cyricus, brother of martyrs and son of apostles. To those who have celebrated your commemoration, grant them the grace of the Holy Spirit, and pour out for them the banquet of righteousness in heaven. Salutation to your dwelling among the seventy-two nations, who are swift in zeal. Teach, Cyricus, before the throne of the Father and the Son, where your martyrdom and your enclosure are built. May no one come into the world who kills with a sword.
LIT3095RepCh375:3 · narrativemedium
Source
በሰላመ፡ መንፈስ፡ ቅዱስ፡ ሰላም፡ ሰላም፨ ለሥነ፡ ቆምኪ፡ አዳም፨ ኢየሉጣ፡ ገነት፡ ዘመዐዛኪ፡ ጥዑም፨ ይትከዐው፡ ውስተ፡ አፉየ፡ ሐሊበ፡ አጥባትኪ፡ ዮም፨ ከመ፡ እምደመና፡ ይትከዐው፡ ወይወርድ፡ ዝናም፨ ሰላም፡ ለመልክኣትኪ፡ አርብዓ፡ ወሠለስቱ፨ ዓዲ፡ ሰላም፡ ለጠባይዕኪ፡ አርባዕቱ፨ ኢየሉጣ፡ ቅድስት፡ ለቂርቆስ፡ ወላዲቱ፨ ሰአሊዮ፡ በእንቲአየ፡ ከመ፡ ኢይጥፋእ፡ በከንቱ፨ ለእግዚአብሔር፡ አምላከ፡ ጽድቅ፡ ዘብዙኅ፡ ምሕረቱ፨ ለዝንቱ፡ ቃለ፡ ማሕሌት፡ ወለዝንቱ፡ ድርሳን፨ ለዘጸሐፎ፡ በአእዳው፡ ወለዘአንበቦ፡ በልሳን፨ ወለዘሰምዐ፡ ቃላቲሁ፡ በክልኤ፡ አእዛን፨ ኅቡረ፡ ይባርኩነ፡ በእዘዘ፡ ክርስቶስ፡ ብርሃን፨ ቅዱሳት፡ አፃብዒሁ፡ ለቂርቆስ፡ ሕፃን፨ ማሕሌተ፡ መልክኡ፡ ለቂርቆስ፡ ወዘኢየሉጣ፡ አባሉ፨ ናሁ፡ ጸሐፍኩ፡ እንዘ፡ አስተዋፅእ፡ እምነ፡ ገድሉ፨ ባርኪ፡ ሊተ፡ ማርያም፡ እግዝእተ፡ ኵሉ፨ ዘባረኪ፡ በዲበ፡ ምድር፡ ቡሩክ፡ በላዕሉ፨ ወዘቀድስኪ፡ ለዓለም፡ ዘይሄሉ፨ from
English
Salutation of the Holy Spirit, salutation, salutation. To the beauty of your stature, Adam; to the garden of Eden, whose fruit is sweet, which you traversed. May milk from your breasts flow into my mouth today, like rain that falls and descends from the clouds. Salutation to your thirty-three forms; again, salutation to your four natures. O holy Julitta, mother of Cyricus, intercede for me, that I may not perish in vain before the Lord God, the God of righteousness, whose mercy is abundant. For this hymn of praise and for this discourse, for the one who wrote it with his hands, for the one who read it with his tongue, and for the one who heard its words with both ears, may the holy fingers of Cyricus the child bless us together by the command of Christ the Light. The hymn of the image of Cyricus and of Julitta, his mother. Behold, I have written it, having excerpted it from his Acts. Bless me, O Mary, Lady of all, who blessed upon the earth the blessed one above, and who sanctified for the world that which endures.
LIT3095RepCh375:4 · narrativemedium
Source
ኦክርስቶስ፡ ናዝራዊ፡ ዘተወከፍከ፡ ሕማመ። ፀሐይ፡ ብሩህ፡ ወጽዱል፡ እስከ፡ ሡራሔሁ፡ አጽለመ፨ መጽሐፈ፡ ዜናሁ፡ ለቂርቆስ፡ መንፈሳዊ፡ ወዘመልክዑ፡ ሰላመ፨ ጸሐፍ፡ ውስተ፡ ልብየ፡ እንዘ፡ ትገብር፡ ቀለመ። ደመከ፡ አምላካዊ፡ በመስቀል፡ ዘዘንመ፨
English
O Christ the Nazarene, who accepted the bright and pure passion of the sun until his radiance darkened. The book of the spiritual history of Cyricus and the salutation of his image. Write within my heart while you make the divine ink of your blood with the cross that was adorned.
Citation. Tergwame, “Image of Cyricus”, LIT3095RepCh375:1, machine-draft, 2026. https://naxiai.com/christian/works/LIT3095RepCh375#s1
Colophon. Source: betmas · licence: CC BY-SA 4.0 (per file); site footer states NC-SA - treat as NC · model: deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash:floor · provider: Relace · cost: $0.0027 · generated 2026-11-15.