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Ethiopic · Poetry ·

Image of Takla Hāymānot

Anonymous · betmas

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machine-draft · no human review 4 passages · 644 words

Work dossier · summary and historical context

Summary

This work is a Geʿez poetic encomium (malkeʿ) in honor of Takla Hāymānot, a 14th-century Ethiopian saint. It follows the standard malkeʿ structure of 33 stanzas, each praising a part of the saint’s body. The source edition (betmas) derives from manuscripts held in Western collections, including Harvard’s Houghton Library. The earliest known witnesses date from the 18th–19th centuries, but the composition may be older. This malkeʿ is still recited in Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo liturgical contexts, especially on the saint’s feast day (5th of Miyāzyā). It is part of the broader hagiographic tradition that venerates Takla Hāymānot as a founder of monasticism. The work is anonymous and its date of composition is uncertain. Scholarly estimates range from the 15th to the 17th century, based on linguistic features and manuscript colophons, but no firm terminus ante quem exists. This edition does not include a critical apparatus or variant readings from other manuscripts; it is a diplomatic transcription of a single source.

This malkeʿ is a key witness to the development of Ethiopic hymnody and the cult of Takla Hāymānot, one of Ethiopia’s most important saints. It illustrates the intersection of biblical typology, local geography, and liturgical practice in Ethiopian Orthodox tradition. The work also provides insight into the transmission of Geʿez literature through Western manuscript collections.

Historical context

The malkeʿ genre flourished in the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church from at least the 15th century, with many hymns composed for major saints. Takla Hāymānot (d. ca. 1313) was a key figure in Ethiopian monasticism, credited with founding the monastery of Dabra Libanos in Shoa. The hymn likely originated in a monastic scriptorium, possibly at Dabra Libanos or another center of Geʿez learning. The earliest surviving manuscripts are from the 18th–19th centuries, but the text may have been composed earlier, perhaps in the 15th–17th centuries, based on linguistic and paleographic evidence. The work was transmitted in liturgical manuscripts used for the saint’s feast day and other commemorations. It reflects the deep veneration of Takla Hāymānot as an intercessor and model of asceticism. The hymn’s structure and imagery draw on biblical typology, such as the reference to Abraham and Lot, and local Ethiopian geography, like Mount Libanos.

Apparatus · what the pipeline recorded

Annotation and terms

23 commentary units 4 structure4 term4 background4 reception3 scripture3 caution1 parallel 0 derived notes 8 open questions 4 narrative
What the kinds mean

Pipeline notes

  • limitThe English is a machine draft produced passage by passage from the transcribed Coptic; no human has verified it. The commentary is model-written and cites only keys the pipeline could resolve.
  • registerRegister: poetry in Geʿez; the English keeps the liturgical formulae and the vocatives rather than normalising them.
  • structurePassages: 4 narrative.
  • sourceSource edition: betmas — CC BY-SA 4.0 (per file); site footer states NC-SA - treat as NC

Term index

CopticRenderingCountFirst
no glossary terms recorded
LIT0581Malke:1 · narrativehigh
Source
ሰላም፡ ለዝክረ፡ ስምከ፡ ውስተ፡ አፈ፡ ዓለም፡ ዘመልኦ፨ ኢየሱስ፡ ክርስቶስ፡ ዘፈጸመ፡ ሕገ፡ ተሰብኦ፨ ተክለ፡ ሃይማኖት፡ ጸባኢ፡ ለጸባኢየ፡ ትጽብኦ፨ ደብረ፡ ሊባኖስ፡ ትጼውዐከ፡ ጸውዖ፨ እንዘ፡ ትልብ፡ ነዓ፡ እግዚኦ፡ እግዚኦ፨ ሰላም፡ ለሥዕርተ፡ ርእስከ፡ ወለርእስከ፡ ዘተላጸቀ፨ እንዘ፡ ኢይትፈለጥ፡ ሕቀ፨ ተክለ፡ ሃይማኖት፡ ጸሊ፡ ኀበ፡ ረሰይከ፡ ምርፋቀ፨ ኢይሑር፡ አነ፡ ፍና፡ ርሑቀ፨ ቅድመ፡ ለነፍስየ፡ አስተዳሉ፡ ስንቀ፨ ሰላም፡ ለገጽከ፡ ለሙሴ፡ አምሳሉ፨ ጽልሙታነ፡ ሕዝብ፡ ዘአብርሃ፡ በመዋዕሉ፨ ተክለ፡ ሃይማኖት፡ ሰአሊ፡ ጳውሎስ፡ መምህረ፡ ኵሉ፨ ከመ፡ ይብጽሐኒ፡ ወይርከበኒ፡ ሣህሉ፨ ሰአሎ፡ ለአምላክከ፡ ዘሀሎ፡ ወይሄሉ፨ ሰላም፡ ለቀራንብቲከ፡ ቀራንብተ፡ ክርስቶስ፡ ሥሉጥ፨ እንተ፡ አልቦቱ፡ ተውላጥ፨ ተክለ፡ ሃይማኖት፡ አጋቶን፡ ዘሀገረ፡ ተስፋ፡ መርዩጥ፨ ተራድአኒ፡ ለወልድከ፡ ጊዜ፡ ጸብአ፡ ሰይጣን፡ ስሑት፨ አርአያ፡ ረድኦ፡ አብርሃም፡ ለሎጥ፨
English
Salutation to the memory of your name in the mouth of the world, which is full of it. Jesus Christ, who fulfilled the law of preaching. Takla Hāymānot, my adversary, may you strike my adversary. Mount Libānos calls you; call it. While you say, “Come, my Lord, my Lord.” Salutation to the hair of your head and to your head, which is shaven, while it is not parted at all. Takla Hāymānot, pray to him with whom you have made a covenant. I will not go a distant path. Before my soul, prepare a resting-place. Salutation to your face, the likeness of Moses. The darkness of the people, which he illuminated in his time. Takla Hāymānot, ask Paul, the teacher of all, that his mercy may reach me and find me. Ask your God, who exists and will exist. Salutation to your tonsure, the pure tonsure of Christ, which has no equal. Takla Hāymānot, Agathon of the city of hope, chosen one. Help me, your son, at the time of the attack of the wicked Satan. Show the help that Abraham showed to Lot.
LIT0581Malke:2 · narrativemedium
Source
ሰላም፡ ለእስትንፋስከ፡ ዘመዐዛሁ፡ ስኂን፨ ወለጕርዔከ፡ መዓርዒር፡ ኅሩመ፡ ስቴ፡ ሜስ፡ ወወይን፨ ተክለ፡ ሃይማኖት፡ ስጥጥ፡ መጽሐፈ፡ ፀርየ፡ ሰይጣን፨ በከመ፡ ሰጠጠ፡ ጦማረ፡ ሮማዊ፡ ልዮን፨ ዲዮስቆሮስ፡ ያርብሐዊ፡ በኵሉ፡ ዘመን፨ ሰላም፡ እብል፡ ለአፃብዐ፡ እግርከ፡ ሰንሰሪቍ፨ እለ፡ ተኣምረ፡ ገብራ፡ በዘዚአሆን፡ ኍልቍ፨ ተክለ፡ ሃይማኖት፡ ፀሓይ፡ ዘወርኀ፡ ኵርያቍ፨ ስደኒ፡ ውስተ፡ ቤትከ፡ ዘአረፋቲሃ፡ አዕናቍ፨ አኮ፡ ዘዕብን፡ ወአኮ፡ ዘኅቍ፨ ሰላም፡ ለቆምከ፡ ወለመልክእከ፡ ኅቱም፨ በማኅተመ፡ አምላክ፡ ግሩም፨ ተክለ፡ ሃይማኖት፡ አንበሳ፡ ዘደብረ፡ ሊባኖስ፡ ገዳም፨ ተንሥእ፡ እምኅዝአትከ፡ ዘአልቦ፡ ድካም፨ ማእረረከ፡ ኢታማስን፡ ላህም፨ ሰላም፡ ለመቃብሪከ፡ ለቤተ፡ ክርስቲያን፡ በፍጽማ፨ እንተ፡ ይእቲ፡ ማኅደረ፡ ማርያም፡ ስማ፨ ተክለ፡ ሃይማኖት፡ ካህን፡ ወነቢይ፡ ዘአውቴዝራማ፨ ደቂቀ፡ ዚአከ፡ ከመ፡ ኢይሁክ፡ መስቴማ፨ ኀይለከ፡ አንሥእ፡ ወአስተርኢ፡ ግርማ፨
English
Salutation to your breath, whose fragrance is incense; and to your throat, a goblet of mixed drink, mead, and wine. Takla Hāymānot, strike the book of my enemy Satan, as the Roman lion struck the spear of Dioscorus the Arian in every age. Salutation I say to the toes of your feet, the chain, which performed a miracle in their own place. Takla Hāymānot, sun of the moon of your crown, drive me into your house whose windows are of lead, not of stone and not of seal. Salutation to your stature and to your sealed form, with the great seal of God. Takla Hāymānot, lion of Dabra Libānos of the wilderness, arise from your slumber which has no weakness; your meadow is the pasture of the ox. Salutation to your tomb, to the church in perfection, which is called the dwelling of Mary. Takla Hāymānot, priest and prophet of Awtēzarāma, your children like your own are not for Mastēma; raise your power and show your majesty.
LIT0581Malke:3 · narrativemedium
Source
ሰላም፡ ለመቃብሪከ፡ መቃብረ፡ ክርስቶስ፡ ዋሕድ፨ ወመንፈስ፡ ቅዱስ፡ ማኅፈድ፨ ተክለ፡ ሃይማኖት፡ ቀዋሚ፡ ካልአ፡ ስምዖን፡ ዘዐምድ፨ ተበፃዕከ፡ ነዋ፡ በመርኅበ፡ ንጉሥ፡ ዐውድ፨ ወተሰባሕከ፡ በኵሉ፡ ዐጸድ፨ ሰላም፡ ለአዕፅምቲከ፡ አዕፅምተ፡ ብእሲ፡ አዳም፨ ዘኢየሩሳሌም፨ ተክለ፡ ሃይማኖት፡ ግሑሥ፡ ዘንብረትከ፡ ገዳም፨ እምብዕለ፡ ነፍስከ፡ ክፍለኒ፡ ዮም፨ እስመ፡ ብዕልየ፡ ጽላሎት፡ ወሕልም፨ ብፁዕ፡ ዘቀነተ፡ ሰይፈ፨ ውስተ፡ ቀርያታርም፡ ናባል፡ አመ፡ ኪያሁ፡ ፀረፈ፨ ከመ፡ አዕረፎ፡ በሠናይ፡ ወነፍሰ፡ ዚአሁ፡ ተወክፈ፨ ተክለ፡ ሃይማኖት፡ እግዚእከ፡ ዘአናቅጸ፡ ሞት፡ ኀለፈ፨ በርስዓን፡ ጥሉል፡ ኪያከ፡ አዕረፈ፨ ተኣምሪከ፡ ተከሥተ፡ እምተኀብኦቱ፡ ጥዩቀ፨ እግዚአብሔር፡ አምላክ፡ እንተ፡ በይሁዳ፡ ተዐውቀ፨ ተክለ፡ ሃይማኖት፡ ዮሐንስ፡ እንዘ፡ ኢተኀሥሥ፡ አውቀ፨ በደሴተ፡ ባሕር፡ አመ፡ ረሰይከ፡ ምርፋቀ፨ ሰይጣን፡ ጐየ፡ ወቆመ፡ ርኁቀ፨ ተአምሪከ፡ ሕፃን፡ እምከርሠ፡ መቃብር፡ ተወልደ፨ ወአስተርአየ፡ ገሀደ፨
English
Salutation to your tomb, the tomb of Christ the One, and the Holy Spirit, the sanctuary. Takla Hāymānot, the second Simeon of the pillar, you have ascended now to the chariot of the king, the court, and you have been scattered throughout the whole field. Salutation to your bones, the bones of the man Adam, of Jerusalem. Takla Hāymānot, fierce one, from your monastic habit, the monastery, from the abundance of your soul, grant me a portion today, for my abundance is shadow and dream. Blessed is he who girded on a sword in Qaryātarm, Nābal, when he wrote against him, as he rested in goodness, and his soul was accepted. Takla Hāymānot, your Lord who cut short death, passed by; with a pure arrow, he caused you to rest. Your miracle was hidden from its concealment, subtle; God the Lord, who was known in Judah. Takla Hāymānot, John, while you knew not to seek, on an island of the sea, when you fixed your anchor, Satan fled and stood far off. Your miracle: a child was born from the womb of the tomb, and appeared openly.
LIT0581Malke:4 · narrativemedium
Source
ተክለ፡ ሃይማኖት፡ ለክርስቶስ፡ እንዘ፡ ታቄርብ፡ ሰጊደ፨ በደሴተ፡ ባሕር፡ አምጣነ፡ ኮንከ፡ ጽሙደ፨ ኀቤከ፡ ውእቱ፡ እምሰማይ፡ ወረደ፨ ንጉሥ፡ እንዘ፡ የኀልፍ፡ ፍኖተ፨ ሳሚ፡ ረጋሚ፡ ረገመ፡ ርግምተ፨ ተክለ፡ ሃይማኖት፡ ኪያከ፡ እመ፡ ጸአለ፡ ጽእለተ፨ ብእሲ፡ በሥጋሁ፡ ይረክብ፡ ቍረተ፨ ወበነፍሱ፡ ይትዋረስ፡ እሳተ፨ አምጣነ፡ አቅረብኩ፡ ለከ፡ አምኃ፡ ሰላምየ፡ ዘንተ፨ በከመ፡ ተክህለኒ፡ ሊተ፨ ተክለ፡ ሃይማኖት፡ አቡየ፡ እስመ፡ መምህረ፡ ሕግ፡ አንተ፨ በዝዓለም፡ ሀበኒ፡ በረከተ፨ ወበደኃሪ፡ ንሥአኒ፡ ዐሥራተ፨
English
Takla Hāymānot, for Christ, while you bow in prostration. On the island of the sea, you became a pillar. To you, he who descended from heaven. The king, while passing along the road, a blind man, a stoner, cast a stone. Takla Hāymānot, from you, when he sought a struggle. A man in his flesh finds a wound, and in his soul inherits fire. When I offered to you these gifts of my salutation, as you taught me. Takla Hāymānot, my father, for you are a teacher of the law. In this world, give me blessing, and in the end, lift me up as a tithe.
Citation. Tergwame, “Image of Takla Hāymānot”, LIT0581Malke:1, machine-draft, 2026. https://naxiai.com/christian/works/LIT0581Malke#s1
Colophon. Source: betmas · licence: CC BY-SA 4.0 (per file); site footer states NC-SA - treat as NC · model: deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash:floor · provider: Relace · cost: $0.0029 · generated 2026-11-15.