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Ethiopic · Poetry ·

Image of Tanśǝʾa Madḫǝn of Dabra ʿĀśā

Anonymous · betmas

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machine-draft · no human review 3 passages · 614 words

Work dossier · summary and historical context

Summary

The Image of Tanśǝʾa Madḫǝn of Dabra ʿĀśā is an anonymous Geʿez malkǝʿ-hymn praising the Savior (Tanśǝʾa Madḫǝn). Composed in the standard five-verse stanza structure of the genre, it survives in a single manuscript from Dabra ʿĀśā, a monastery in Tigray, Ethiopia, associated with the tradition of Samuel of Dabra Halleluya. The work is undated, but its scriptorium context suggests an 18th- or 19th-century origin. It does not appear in the broader Ethiopian liturgical corpus and was likely used only locally. The edition provides no translation or commentary; an English draft is supplied separately.

This malkǝʿ-hymn is significant as a rare witness to local devotional poetry in the Ethiopian tradition, specifically from the Dabra ʿĀśā scriptorium. It illustrates the adaptation of the malkǝʿ genre for a Savior figure and reflects transregional hagiographic connections, including a possible link to Syria. The poem's survival in a single manuscript highlights the fragility of such local texts and the importance of preserving regional Ethiopian Christian literature.

Historical context

The work is a malkǝʿ-hymn, a genre of Geʿez poetry that typically opens with a narrative section followed by a series of salutations (ሰላም ለ...) to parts of a saint's body or attributes. This hymn praises Tanśǝʾa Madḫǝn, a Savior figure, and is linked to Dabra ʿĀśā, a monastic site in Tigray, Ethiopia. The monastery is associated with the tradition of Samuel of Dabra Halleluya, a prominent Ethiopian saint. The poem's final stanza explicitly connects the saint to Dabra ʿĀśā, and the line 'the Tigrayan has defiled corruption' (ጤግሮስ ሙስና) may allude to local polemics or historical conflicts. The text survives in a single manuscript, with no other witnesses known, indicating limited transmission. Its date is uncertain, but the scriptorium context suggests an 18th- or 19th-century origin. The poem's imagery, such as 'a stalk in a vine' (ከመ ዘውስተ ፀምር ቃማ), echoes biblical vine imagery (e.g., Psalm 80:8-9 LXX), common in Ethiopic poetry. The mention of 'Salama of Kenya' as a place name associated with the saint's cult and the identification of Dabra ʿĀśā as being in Syria suggest a transregional hagiographic tradition, though the precise location of Salama is uncertain.

Apparatus · what the pipeline recorded

Annotation and terms

17 commentary units 3 structure3 term3 background3 reception3 scripture2 caution 0 derived notes 5 open questions 3 narrative
What the kinds mean

Pipeline notes

  • limitThe English is a machine draft produced passage by passage from the transcribed Coptic; no human has verified it. The commentary is model-written and cites only keys the pipeline could resolve.
  • registerRegister: poetry in Geʿez; the English keeps the liturgical formulae and the vocatives rather than normalising them.
  • structurePassages: 3 narrative.
  • sourceSource edition: betmas — CC BY-SA 4.0 (per file); site footer states NC-SA - treat as NC

Term index

CopticRenderingCountFirst
no glossary terms recorded
LIT0532Malke:1 · narrativemedium
Source
ናሁ፡ ወጠንኩ፡ ለመልክእከ፡ ውዳሴሁ፨፨ እንዘ፡ አስተዋድድ፡ በበ፡ ጾታሁ፨ ተንሥአ፡ መድኅን፡ ጻድቅ፡ ተራድአኒ፡ ለለ፡ ጊዜሁ፨ ከመ፡ ዘይረድኦ፡ ዐርክ፡ ጊዜ፡ መከራሁ፨ እስመ፡ አጽአቀኒ፡ ሊተ፡ ለዓለም፡ ሥራሁ፨ ሰላም፡ ለዝክረ፡ ስምከ፡ ኀበ፡ ዐምደ፡ ብርሃን፡ ዘተሥዕለ፨ በእደ፡ ፈጣሪ፡ ኬንያ፡ ዘኢየአምር፡ በቀለ፨ ተንሥአ፡ መድኅን፡ ክቡር፡ ኀበ፡ ስምከ፡ ተልዕለ፨ ኢይኩን፡ ሕጸተ፡ ማይ፡ ወህጠተ፡ ሥርናይ፡ እክለ፨ ባሕቱ፡ ለአምክከ፡ ሰአሎ፡ ስኢለ፨ ሰላም፡ ለርእስከ፡ ሥርግወ፡ ሠናይ፡ አስኬማ፨ በመዋዕሊሁ፡ ለአባ፡ ከሣቴ፡ ብርሃን፡ ሰላማ፨ ተንሥአ፡ መድኅን፡ ሐዋርያ፡ ክሉለ፡ ሞገስ፡ ወግርማ፨ ይኩነነ፡ ረድኤትከ፡ ከመ፡ ዘውስተ፡ ፀምር፡ ቃማ፨ ወበረድኤትከ፡ ይርኅቅ፡ መስቴማ፨ ሰላም፡ ለቀራንብቲከ፡ መአድማነ፡ እለ፡ ኮና፨ ከመ፡ ዐይነ፡ ርግብ፡ ሠናይት፡ ወከመ፡ ዖፍ፡ ብርጋና፨ ተንሥአ፡ መድኅን፡ ኅሩይ፡ ለደብረ፡ ዓሥዓ፡ ጸወና፨ አስትየነ፡ ወይነ፡ ሃይማኖት፡ በማኅፈደ፡ ዚአከ፡ ንጽሕና፨ እስመ፡ ነጽፈ፡ ጤግሮስ፡ ሙስና፨
English
Now I have begun your image's praise, while I recount each of its features. Tanśǝʾa Madḫǝn, righteous one, help me at every time, like a friend who helps him in his time of distress, for you have appointed me to your service for ever. Salutation to the memory of your name, where the pillar of light is depicted, by the hand of the Creator, a straight one, who knows not a stain. Tanśǝʾa Madḫǝn, glorious one, where your name is exalted. Let there be no lack of water nor shortage of grain and fruit; only ask for your believers, I pray. Salutation to your head, adorned with a good crown, in the locks of the Father, the revealer of light and peace. Tanśǝʾa Madḫǝn, apostle, crowned with grace and majesty. May your help be for me like a stalk in the midst of a vine, and by your help may Satan be far off. Salutation to your eyebrows, which are like the eyes of a good dove and like a falcon. Tanśǝʾa Madḫǝn, chosen one, who went to Dabra ʿĀśā. Show us the wine of faith in the purity of your vessel, for the Tigrayan has defiled corruption.
LIT0532Malke:2 · narrativemedium
Source
ሰላም፡ ለአዕይንቲከ፡ ምሥጢረ፡ መለኮት፡ እለ፡ ርእያ፨ ውስተ፡ መንበሩ፡ ለአብ፡ አምላከ፡ ጳውሎስ፡ ሐዋርያ፨ ተንሥአ፡ መድኅን፡ ኀቤከ፡ በቅድመ፡ ሰላማ፡ ኬንያ፨ ሰገዱ፡ ወአስተብረኩ፡ ሕዝበ፡ ደብረ፡ ዓሣ፡ ሶርያ፨ እስመ፡ አንተ፡ ለሕዝብከ፡ መድኃኒት፡ ነያ፨ ሰላም፡ ለአእጋሪከ፡ እለ፡ ኤላ፡ ለሕዋጼ፨ ደብረ፡ አስቦ፡ ለተጋድሎ፡ በኢልማደ፡ ሰብእ፡ ድንጋፄ፨ ምስለ፡ ሕዝቅኤል፡ ሰይፍከ፡ ወአሌፍ፡ ማኅጼ፨ በኀይለ፡ ጸሎትከ፡ አባ፡ እንተ፡ አድከምከ፡ ዐመጻ፨ ፍሬ፡ ረድኤትከ፡ ዲቤነ፡ ለይኩን፡ ሠራጼ፨ ሰላም፡ ለሰኳንዊከ፡ እምፍና፡ እግረ፡ ወልድ፡ እለ፡ ኢድኅፃ፨ አመ፡ ደብረ፡ ሐውዜን፡ ሖርከ፡ ታርኁ፡ አንቀጻ፨ ተንሥአ፡ መድኅን፡ በኵረ፡ ጽድቅ፡ ውሳጤ፡ ሀገርከ፡ ኆፃ፨ ደፊነከ፡ ቅዕበተ፡ ለግብጻዊ፡ ዘልማደ፡ ቤቱ፡ ዐመጻ፨ ትትካፈል፡ እምእሊአከ፡ ክፍለ፡ ርስት፡ ዕፃ፨ ሰላም፡ ለመቃብሪከ፡ ለደብረ፡ ዓሣ፡ ገቦሃ፨ እንተ፡ ለጉቡኣን፡ ኵልነ፡ ኮነተነ፡ ምክሐ፨ ተንሥአ፡ መድኅን፡ አቡነ፡ እንተ፡ ኖምከ፡ በውሳጤሃ፨ ዕቀበነ፡ በተኣምሪከ፡ በከመ፡ ንቤ፡ አሜሃ፨ ከመ፡ ኢይብጽሐነ፡ ሞት፡ ሀበነ፡ ንሥሓ፨
English
Salutation to your eyes, mystery of divinity, which have seen within the throne of the Father, the God of Paul the Apostle. Tanśǝʾa Madḫǝn, to you in the land of Salama of Kenya, the people of Dabra ʿĀśā of Syria bowed and prostrated themselves, for you are salvation to your people. Salutation to your feet, which went to the desert of Aśtā for asceticism, in the manner of a man of stone. With the sword of Hezekiah and the thousand of the sanctuary, by the power of your prayer, O father, you overcame the wicked. May the fruit of your help be a lamp for us. Salutation to your shins, from the sole of the foot of the Son, which are perfect. When you went to Dabra Ḥawzēn, you counted its peaks. Tanśǝʾa Madḫǝn, firstborn of righteousness, within your country you went out. You were buried in the tomb of the Egyptian, who was accustomed to his house of wickedness. You share with him a portion of the inheritance of the tree. Salutation to your tomb, to the cave of Dabra ʿĀśā, which for us all who are buried became counsel. Tanśǝʾa Madḫǝn, our father, you who slept within it, guard us by your miracles as we said there, so that death may not reach us; give us repentance.
LIT0532Malke:3 · narrativemedium
Source
ሰላም፡ ለፍልሰተ፡ ሥጋከ፡ በእደ፡ ጻድቃን፡ ስድስቱ፨ እምበአትከ፡ ላዕላይ፡ ያውርዱከ፡ ኀበ፡ ታሕቱ፨ ተንሥአ፡ መድኅን፡ አቡነ፡ ለክርስቶስ፡ መጋቤ፡ ቤቱ፨ አንተኑ፡ በዓለ፡ መካልይ፡ ዐሠርቱ፨ እንተ፡ ተሠየምከ፡ በአድባር፡ ሰብዓቱ፨ ተንሥአ፡ መድኅን፡ ተወኪፈከ፡ ዘአወፈይኩከ፡ ዘንተ፨ አምኃ፡ ልሳንየ፡ ኃምሣ፡ ወዘይተሉ፡ ምእተ፨ ጊዜ፡ አንበበ፡ ካህን፡ ዘትሬስዮ፡ ቅጽበተ፨ ዘይፌውስ፡ ደዌ፡ ሕሙማን፡ ወዘያነሥእ፡ ምዉተ፨ ለኅጡአ፡ ምግባር፡ ገብርከ፡ ሀበኒ፡ ዕሤተ፨ ሰላም፡ ለመጽአትከ፡ እምግብጽ፡ ክፍለ፡ ኤፍራታ፨ ለኢትዮጵያ፡ ውስቴታ፨ ተንሥአ፡ መድኅን፡ አቡነ፡ በረከተ፡ ኤልያስ፡ ዘሰራጵታ፨ ሰውረነ፡ ለደቂቅከ፡ አመ፡ ይከውን፡ ሐተታ፨ ወአመ፡ ታገብእ፡ ምድር፡ ዘነሥአት፡ ማሕፀንታ፨ ሰላም፡ ለከ፡ ተንሥአ፡ መድኅን፡ ምሉአ፡ በረከት፡ ወሣህል፨ ከመ፡ ሐዋርያ፡ ዘጽድቅ፡ ማርይቆስ፡ ኀያል፨ በጸሎትከ፡ ኲናት፡ ወዘሰይፍከ፡ ወንጌል፨ ሰዐርከ፡ በኀይልከ፡ ጋኔነ፡ ዐመጻ፡ ወቀትል፨ ዘለዘርአ፡ ብእሲ፡ አቀመ፡ መስገርቶ፡ ለሐጕል፨
English
Salutation to the descent of your flesh into the hands of the six righteous ones. From your coming above they bring you down to below. Tanśǝʾa Madḫǝn, our father, steward of the house of Christ, you are the lord of the ten festivals, you who were appointed in the seven mountains. Tanśǝʾa Madḫǝn, I have offered you this: the five tongues of my mouth and the hundred that follow. When the priest recites the Trisagion at the moment, which heals the sickness of the sick and raises the dead, give me a gift for the work of your servant, the sinner. Salutation to your arrival from Egypt, the portion of Ephrata, into Ethiopia within. Tanśǝʾa Madḫǝn, our father, blessing of Elijah of Sarepta, hide us for your children when judgment occurs, and when the earth swallows what it has taken from the womb. Salutation to you, Tanśǝʾa Madḫǝn, full of blessing and mercy, like the apostle of righteousness, Mark the mighty. By your prayer, the lance, and by your sword, the Gospel, you have vanquished with your power the demon of rebellion and murder, who set up the throne of the wicked for the seed of man.
Citation. Tergwame, “Image of Tanśǝʾa Madḫǝn of Dabra ʿĀśā”, LIT0532Malke:1, machine-draft, 2026. https://naxiai.com/christian/works/LIT0532Malke#s1
Colophon. Source: betmas · licence: CC BY-SA 4.0 (per file); site footer states NC-SA - treat as NC · model: deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash:floor · provider: Relace · cost: $0.0025 · generated 2026-11-15.