Work dossier · summary and historical context
Theophylactus’s commentary on Cyril of Alexandria’s Twelve Prophets survives in a single medieval manuscript tradition. The first1k edition, based on the earliest complete witness, presents a Byzantine monastic exegesis that emphasizes spiritual trembling, repentance, and humility before divine punishment. Theophylactus interprets prophetic passages as homiletic chains, using scriptural proof (e.g., a Davidic psalm) and metaphors such as the 'cup of the Lord’s right hand' to signify just retribution. The commentary reflects standard patristic tropes, including the identification of 'Babylonian' with arrogant worldly power. Lacking a full critical edition, the first1k text is limited for textual criticism, as it does not collate all known manuscripts or record later variant readings.
Theophylactus’s commentary is significant as a witness to Byzantine reception of Cyril of Alexandria’s exegesis and to the monastic emphasis on spiritual trembling and repentance. It illustrates how patristic tropes (e.g., 'Babylonian' as arrogant power) were transmitted and adapted in medieval Greek Christianity. The work also highlights the challenges of textual criticism for works surviving in a single manuscript tradition.
Theophylactus (11th–12th century) wrote after Cyril of Alexandria (5th century), and his commentary on Cyril’s Twelve Prophets is dated by inference from his known career, not by external evidence. The work was composed in a Byzantine monastic setting, likely in Constantinople or a major provincial center, where Greek was the liturgical and scholarly language. The commentary was used in Byzantine catenae and later printed editions, but never received a full critical edition before the first1k project. Its transmission is limited to a single medieval manuscript tradition; the first1k edition is based on the earliest complete witness but does not collate all known manuscripts, restricting its utility for textual criticism. The work belongs to the genre of patristic biblical commentary, specifically a commentary on a commentary, reflecting the Byzantine practice of glossing earlier authorities.
Apparatus · what the pipeline recorded
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