machine-draft · no human review3 passages · 733 words
Work dossier · summary and historical context
Summary
The 'Confessio [Incertus]' is a Latin confessional text attributed to Prosper of Aquitaine in the manuscript tradition, but this ascription is insecure. Likely a later compilation, it may date from the 6th or 7th century, though Prosper flourished in the 5th. The work survives in a single manuscript family with few variant readings, but an unclear stemma complicates reconstruction of the original. It was cited in medieval florilegia on grace and free will but never entered the liturgical or canonical corpus. This edition relies on the Ogl-PL transcription, which may normalize orthography and punctuation. The text follows a confessional narrative arc from birth in sin to early redemption and fall into voluntary exile, using rare terms like 'tyrranicidam' and unusual typology such as the Jacob-Esau narrative.
The 'Confessio [Incertus]' is significant as a rare example of a confessional text attributed to Prosper of Aquitaine, though likely a later compilation. It influenced medieval penitential literature and was cited in florilegia on grace and free will, reflecting its role in theological debates. Its unusual typology and rare terms offer insights into early medieval confessional practices and doctrinal development.
Historical context
The work is attributed to Prosper of Aquitaine (c. 390–c. 455), a lay theologian and supporter of Augustine's anti-Pelagian doctrines, but the ascription is not secure. The text may be a product of the 6th or 7th century, given its doctrinal echoes and circulation among monastic readers as a model of personal confession. It survives in a single manuscript family, with an unclear stemma, suggesting limited transmission. The work was cited in medieval florilegia on grace and free will, indicating its use in theological debates, but it never entered the liturgical or canonical corpus of the Latin Church. The text's confessional narrative arc and use of rare terms like 'tyrranicidam' and unusual typology (e.g., Jacob-Esau) reflect a monastic context focused on personal penance and spiritual exile, common in early medieval penitential literature.
term — a Coptic word and the rendering chosen for it
scripture — a biblical quotation or allusion
background — historical or institutional context the text presupposes
structure — the passage's function in the work
reception — later use — liturgy, canon law, daughter versions
caution — uncertainty or a contested reading
parallel — a parallel in another text or tradition
Pipeline notes
coverageNo English translation could be identified: a language model asked twice could not name one, though it could not rule one out either. That is not proof that none exists — translations in dissertations, recent books and other modern languages are easily missed.
limitThe English is a machine draft produced passage by passage from the transcribed Coptic; no human has verified it. The commentary is model-written and cites only keys the pipeline could resolve.
registerRegister: other in Latin; the English keeps the liturgical formulae and the vocatives rather than normalising them.
structurePassages: 3 narrative.
sourceSource edition: ogl-pl — Available under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License
Term index
Coptic
Rendering
Count
First
no glossary terms recorded
stoa0237.stoa007.opp-lat1:1 · narrativemedium
Source
CONFESSIO Quæ dicitur S. PROSPERI AQUITANI.
Nato mihi quondam sub lege peccati, et transfusa in ne a parentibus a ordinaria mortis conditione captivo; ne longo ferocis Domini jure detinerer, inter ipsa me vitæ initia, misericors et miserator Domine, liberasti. Ante inveni tyrranicidam, quam experirer tyrannum: et prius adeptus sum redemptionem, quam intelligerem servitutem. Querantur qui vnlunt de salutis suæ celeritate; ad excusalionem violatæ regenerationis, rudem ætatem et imprudentes causentur annos: mihi semper adorabitur velox dignatio, et properata clementia. Nam velut ignaro mihi hoc unum profuisse inte lligo, quod licet ego a donis tuis recesserim, in me tamen tua dona manserunt. Renatus itaque in Christo Jesu per Spiritum sanctum tuum, hæres ascriptu. filius nuncupatus, nihil minus quam senior frater accepi. Quin etiam remisso legalis observantiæ onere, initiatus a gratia, non de Jacob, sed de Esau, lsrael tuus factus sum: Felix profecto, si acceptam substantiam, non dicam multiplicatam, sed integram, vel otiosa innocentia, si non operante servassem. Sed, heu me miserum! relicta Patris domo, abii in voluntarium desertor exsilium; et duce vitiorum omnium multitudine, intima quæque Ægypti per spatiosorum itinerum proclivia deceptus intravi.
English
Confession which is called of Saint Prosper of Aquitaine.
Born to me once under the law of sin, and transferred into me from my parents, a captive under the ordinary condition of death; lest I be detained by the long-standing right of a fierce master, at the very beginnings of my life, merciful and compassionate Lord, you freed me. I found the tyrant-slayer before I experienced the tyrant: and I obtained redemption before I understood servitude. Let those who wish complain about the swiftness of their salvation; let them plead a raw age and imprudent years as an excuse for violated regeneration: for me, the swift favor and hastened mercy will always be adored. For, as if unknowing, I understand that this one thing profited me: that although I withdrew from your gifts, your gifts nevertheless remained in me. Thus reborn in Christ Jesus through your Holy Spirit, I was enrolled as an heir, named a son, and received nothing less than the elder brother. Moreover, with the burden of legal observance remitted, initiated by grace, I became your Israel, not from Jacob, but from Esau: fortunate indeed, if I had preserved the substance received, not to say multiplied, but whole, even by idle innocence, if not by active effort. But, alas wretched me! having left my Father's house, I went into voluntary exile as a deserter; and, led by a multitude of all vices, deceived by the sloping paths of spacious roads, I entered into the innermost parts of Egypt.
stoa0237.stoa007.opp-lat1:2 · narrativehigh
Source
Illic attrita decoris stola; et nobilitatis veste corrupta, inopem me, et paternorum decoctorem bonorum, subdoli comites, infideles amici, sub hasta mortis et auctione peccati cupidissimis licitatoribus vendiderunt. Sub quorum longo et gravi COnfectus imperio, in Babyloniorum etiam jura transivi. Ibi cum per innumeras saevissimarum dominationum vicissitudines, non a subjectione corporis, sed animæ sudore servirem, et dignis confusus ufficiis, pejore quotidie status mei conditione turbarer; subtraxi me, quantum ab instantibus dominis licuit, in occultum spiritus cordisque secretum: et apprehenso cujusdam sanctarum Scripturarum volumine, quid mihi adhuc spei superesset inspexi: ac multo perfusus imbre lacrymarum, Quousque, inquam, dominabuntur mihi qui me oderuntf Quamdiu inimicis meis serviam? Istis quidem ipse me dedi, et per lethiferas voluptates pretium met perditionis accepi: sed pacisci de me meo jure on potui; habebam enim dominum, et meus non eram. Scio enim me ejus redemptum sanguine, cui caele stia, et terrena, et inferna subjecta sunt. Quid i tis mecum est, quorum commercium mors est? Revertar ad eum qui me emit ad vitam. Ac ne me revertendi moretur facultas, quia in medio gentis alienas sum, et regni sui limites barbarus dispositis servat excubiis; bene est, quod redemptorem meum tenentem omnia, loca non lenem.
English
There the robe of beauty was worn away; and with the garment of nobility corrupted, destitute and a squanderer of ancestral goods, treacherous companions, faithless friends, sold me under the spear of death and the auction of sin to the most greedy bidders. Under whose long and harsh command I was worn down, and I also passed into the laws of the Babylonians. There, through countless changes of the most savage dominations, serving not with bodily subjection but with the sweat of the soul, and confused by worthy offices, daily troubled by the worse condition of my state, I withdrew myself, as far as was allowed from my present masters, into the hidden recess of spirit and heart; and having taken up a certain volume of the holy Scriptures, I examined what hope still remained for me: and drenched with a great shower of tears, "How long," I said, "will those who hate me rule over me? How long shall I serve my enemies? Indeed, I gave myself to them, and through deadly pleasures I received the price of my perdition: but I could not bargain about myself by my own right; for I had a master, and I was not my own. For I know that I am redeemed by the blood of him to whom the celestial, the earthly, and the infernal are subject. What have I to do with those whose commerce is death? I will return to him who bought me for life. And lest the opportunity to return be delayed, because I am in the midst of a foreign people, and a barbarian guards the borders of his realm with posted watches; it is well that my redeemer, who holds all things, is not hindered by places.
stoa0237.stoa007.opp-lat1:3 · narrativehigh
Source
Præsens coelis, inferis adest, totus in abyssis est, totus in terris: non itinere adeundus, non navigatione quærendus est. Ipsum in Jerusalem reliquimus, ipsum in Ægypto praetermisimus, ipsum inter Babylonios non videmus. Sed quæramus, et apparebit; pulse. mus, et aperiet; petamus, et tribuet. Verum, heu me miserum! erubesco quia nudus sum, et nihil habens quo membrorum meorum inhonesta circum tegam; obscœnæ egestatis dedecore confundor: tum quo ore, quave conscientia, tantæ familiæ oculos et tanti Patris subibo conspectum? quasi vero tolerabilius judicium sit accusatis quam confessis, reis contumacibus quam supplicibus, exhibitis quam reversis. Habeat quantaslibet crucis ignominia pœnitentias, levior erit ignis verecundiæ quam gehennæ.
English
He is present in the heavens, he is present in the underworld, he is wholly in the depths, he is wholly on the earth: he is not to be reached by journey, nor sought by sea-voyage. We left him behind in Jerusalem, we passed him by in Egypt, we do not see him among the Babylonians. But let us seek, and he will appear; let us knock, and he will open; let us ask, and he will grant. But, alas, wretched me! I blush because I am naked, and have nothing with which to cover the dishonor of my limbs; I am confounded by the disgrace of shameful destitution. Then with what countenance, or with what conscience, shall I approach the eyes of so great a household and the presence of so great a Father? As if indeed the judgment were more tolerable for the accused than for those who have confessed, for defiant defendants than for suppliants, for those brought forth than for those who have returned. Let the ignominy of the cross have whatever penances it will, the fire of shame will be lighter than that of Gehenna.