ት Tergwame Greek · Coptic · Ethiopic · Syriac · Armenian · Georgian · Latin

Greek · Other · 0030–0800

Dok. 1: Theologische Erklärung alexandrinischer Kleriker an Alexander von Alexandrien

Dokumente zur Geschichte des arianischen Streites (Athanasius Werke III) · pta

BothSourceEnglish
JSON Dossier
machine-draft · no human review 3 passages · 552 words

Work dossier · summary and historical context

Summary

This work is a letter from Alexandrian clergy to Bishop Alexander of Alexandria, composed in the early 320s CE, opposing the teachings of Arius. It survives only as quoted or excerpted by Athanasius in his anti-Arian writings, not as an independent manuscript. The text employs pre-Nicene theological language, rejecting Gnostic, Manichaean, Sabellian, and Hieracan views, and affirms three distinct hypostases. It presents anti-Arian doctrine as traditional, learned from Bishop Alexander, and serves as an early witness to orthodox opposition to Arianism before the Council of Nicaea (325 CE).

This letter is an early witness to orthodox opposition to Arianism, predating the Council of Nicaea. It preserves pre-Nicene theological language and shows the Alexandrian church's strategy of presenting anti-Arian doctrine as traditional. Its use of terms like 'unbegotten' and 'three hypostases' became key in the Arian controversy, and it was cited by later heresiologists as evidence of early anti-Arian orthodoxy.

Historical context

The letter was written in Alexandria, Egypt, in the early 320s CE, during the initial phase of the Arian controversy. The community was the Alexandrian church under Bishop Alexander, who opposed Arius's subordinationist Christology. The text is preserved only in Athanasius's dossier of Arian controversy documents (Athanasius Werke III), not as an independent manuscript. Its original form and completeness are uncertain, as it is reconstructed from Athanasian citations. The letter reflects pre-Nicene theological language and the early ecclesiastical response to Arius, before the Council of Nicaea (325 CE). It was cited by later Greek and Latin heresiologists but not transmitted in liturgical or canonical collections independently. The edition lacks a critical apparatus for the reconstruction, requiring consultation of Athanasius Werke III for textual variants.

Apparatus · what the pipeline recorded

Annotation and terms

17 commentary units 5 term3 background2 structure2 sense2 caution1 reception1 scripture1 dating 0 derived notes 6 open questions 3 narrative
What the kinds mean

Pipeline notes

  • coverageNo English translation could be identified: a language model asked twice could not name one, though it could not rule one out either. That is not proof that none exists — translations in dissertations, recent books and other modern languages are easily missed.
  • limitThe English is a machine draft produced passage by passage from the transcribed Coptic; no human has verified it. The commentary is model-written and cites only keys the pipeline could resolve.
  • registerRegister: other in ancient Greek; the English keeps the liturgical formulae and the vocatives rather than normalising them.
  • structurePassages: 3 narrative.
  • sourceSource edition: pta — CC BY 4.0

Term index

CopticRenderingCountFirst
no glossary terms recorded
pta0100.pta001:1 · narrativehigh
Source
Μακαρίῳ πάπα καὶ ἐπισκόπῳ ἡμῶν Ἀλεξάνδρῳ οἱ πρεσβύτεροι καὶ οἱ διάκονοι ἐν κυρίῳ χαίρειν. Ἡ πίστις ἡμῶν ἡ ἐκ προγόνων, ἣν καὶ ἀπὸ σοῦ μεμαθήκαμεν, μακάριε πάπα, ἔστιν αὕτη. οἴδαμεν ἕνα θεόν, μόνον ἀγέννητον, μόνον ἀΐδιον, μόνον ἄναρχον, μόνον ἀληθινόν, μόνον ἀθανασίαν ἔχοντα, μόνον σοφόν, μόνον ἀγαθόν, μόνον δυνάστην, πάντων κριτήν, διοικητήν, οἰκονόμον, ἄτρεπτον καὶ ἀναλλοίωτον, δίκαιον καὶ ἀγαθόν, νόμου καὶ προφητῶν καὶ καινῆς διαθήκης θεόν, γεννήσαντα υἱὸν μονογενῆ πρὸ χρόνων αἰωνίων, δι’ οὗ καὶ τοὺς αἰῶνας καὶ τὰ ὅλα πεποίηκε, γεννήσαντα δὲ οὐ δοκήσει, ἀλλὰ ἀληθείᾳ, ὑποστήσαντα ἰδίῳ θελήματι, ἄτρεπτον καὶ ἀναλλοίωτον, κτίσμα τοῦ θεοῦ τέλειον, ἀλλ ̓ οὐχ ὡς ἓν τῶν κτισμάτων, γέννημα, ἀλλ’ οὐχ ὡς ἓν τῶν γεγεννημένων, οὐδ’ ὡς Οὐαλεντῖνος προβολὴν τὸ γέννημα τοῦ πατρὸς ἐδογμάτισεν, οὐδ’ ὡς Μανιχαῖος μέρος ὁμοούσιον τοῦ πατρὸς τὸ γέννημα εἰσηγήσατο, οὐδ’ ὡς Σαβέλλιος τὴν μονάδα διαιρῶν υἱοπάτορα εἶπεν. οὐδ’ ὡς Ἱερακᾶς λύχνον ἀπὸ λύχνου ἢ ὡς λαμπάδα εἰς δύο, οὐδέ τὸν ὄντα πρότερον, ὕστερον γεννηθέντα ἢ ἐπικτισθέντα εἰς υἱόν, ὡς καὶ σὺ αὐτός, μακάριε πάπα, κατὰ μέσην τὴν ἐκκλησίαν καὶ ἐν συνεδρίῳ πλειστάκις τοὺς ταῦτα εἰσηγησαμένους ἀπηγόρευσας, ἀλλ’ ὥς φαμεν, θελήματι τοῦ θεοῦ πρὸ χρόνων καὶ πρὸ αἰώνων κτισθέντα καὶ τὸ ζῆν καὶ τὸ εἶναι παρὰ τοῦ πατρὸς εἰληφότα καὶ τὰς δόξας, συνυποστήσαντος αὐτῷ τοῦ πατρός.
English
To the blessed pope and our bishop Alexander, the presbyters and deacons in the Lord send greetings. Our faith, which is from our ancestors and which we have also learned from you, blessed pope, is this. We know one God, only unbegotten, only eternal, only without beginning, only true, only possessing immortality, only wise, only good, only sovereign, judge of all, governor, steward, unchangeable and immutable, just and good, God of the law and the prophets and the new covenant, who begot a only-begotten son before eternal times, through whom he also made the ages and all things, begetting not in semblance but in truth, having subsisted by his own will, unchangeable and immutable, a perfect creation of God, but not as one of the creatures, a offspring, but not as one of the begotten, not as Valentinus dogmatized the offspring as a projection of the father, nor as Manichaeus introduced the offspring as a consubstantial part of the father, nor as Sabellius, dividing the monad, called it a son-father, nor as Hieracas a lamp from a lamp or as a torch into two, nor that which existed previously, later begotten or created as a son, as you yourself, blessed pope, in the middle of the church and in council many times forbade those who introduced these things, but as we say, created by the will of God before times and before ages and having received life and being from the father and the glories, the father having co-subsisted with him.
pta0100.pta001:2 · narrativehigh
Source
οὐ γὰρ ὁ πατὴρ δοὺς αὐτῷ πάντων τὴν κληρονομίαν ἐστέρησεν ἑαυτὸν ὧν ἀγεννήτως ἔχει ἔν ἑαυτῷ· πηγὴ γάρ ἐστιν πάντων. ὥστε τρεῖς εἰσιν ὑποστάσεις. καὶ ὁ μὲν θεὸς αἴτιος τῶν πάντων τυγχάνων ἐστὶν ἄναρχος μονώτατος, ὁ δὲ υἱὸς ἀχρόνως γεννηθεὶς ὑπὸ τοῦ πατρὸς καὶ πρὸ αἰώνων κτισθεὶς καὶ θεμελιωθεὶς οὐκ ἦν πρὸ τοῦ γεννηθῆναι, ἀλλ’ ἀχρόνως πρὸ πάντων γεννηθείς, μόνος ὑπὸ τοῦ πατρὸς ὑπέστη. οὐδὲ γάρ ἐστιν ἀΐδιος ἢ συναΐδιος ἢ συναγέννητος τῷ πατρί, οὐδὲ ἅμα τῷ πατρὶ τὸ εἶναι ἔχει, ὥς τινες λέγουσι τὰ πρός τι, δύο ἀγεννήτους ἀρχὰς εἰσηγούμενοι. ἀλλ’ ὡς μονὰς καὶ ἀρχὴ πάντων, οὕτως ὁ θεὸς πρὸ πάντων ἐστί. διὸ καὶ πρὸ τοῦ υἱοῦ ἐστιν, ὡς καὶ παρὰ σοῦ μεμαθήκαμεν κατὰ μέσην τὴν ἐκκλησίαν κηρύξαντος. Καθὸ οὖν παρὰ τοῦ θεοῦ τὸ εἶναι ἔχει καὶ τὰς δόξας καὶ τὸ ζῆν καὶ τὰ πάντα αὐτῷ παρεδόθη, κατὰ τοῦτο ἀρχὴ αὐτοῦ ἐστιν ὁ θεός. ἄρχει γὰρ αὐτοῦ ὡς θεὸς αὐτοῦ καὶ πρὸ αὐτοῦ ὤν. εἰ δὲ τὸ ἐξ αὐτοῦ καὶ τὸ ἐκ γαστρός καὶ τὸ ἐκ τοῦ πατρὸς ἐξῆλθον καὶ ἧκω ὡς μέρος αὐτοῦ ὁμοουσίου καὶ ὡς προβολὴ ὑπό τινων νοεῖται, σύνθετος ἔσται ὁ πατὴρ καὶ διαιρετὸς καὶ τρεπτὸς καὶ σῶμα κατ’ αὐτοὺς καὶ τὸ ὅσον ἐπ’ αὐτοῖς τὰ ἀκόλουθα σώματι πάσχων ὁ ἀσώματος θεός.
English
For the Father, in giving him the inheritance of all things, did not deprive himself of what he possesses ungenerately in himself; for he is the source of all things. Thus there are three hypostases. And God, being the cause of all things, is without beginning and utterly alone, while the Son, having been generated timelessly by the Father and created and established before the ages, did not exist before being generated, but having been generated timelessly before all things, was subsisted alone by the Father. For he is neither eternal nor co-eternal nor co-ungenerate with the Father, nor does he have his existence simultaneously with the Father, as some say who introduce two ungenerated principles as correlatives. But just as the monad and beginning of all things, so God exists before all things. Therefore he is also before the Son, as we have learned from you when you preached in the midst of the church. Insofar, then, as he has his existence from God, and the glories and life and all things were delivered to him, to that extent God is his beginning. For God rules over him as his God and as being before him. But if "from him" and "from the womb" and "from the Father" are understood by some as meaning that he came forth and arrived as a part of him of the same substance and as a projection, then the Father will be composite and divisible and changeable and a body according to them, and, as far as they are concerned, the incorporeal God will suffer the consequences proper to a body.
pta0100.pta001:3 · narrativehigh
Source
Ερρῶσθαί σε ἐν κυρίῳ εὔχομαι, μακάριε πάπα. Ἄρειος, Ἀειθαλῆς, Ἀχιλλεύς, Καρπώνης, Σαρμάτας, Ἄρειος πρεσβύτεροι. διάκονοι Εὐζώϊος, Λούκιος, Ἰούλιος, Μηνᾶς, Ἑλλάδιος, Γάϊος. ἐπίσκοποι Σεκοῦνδος Πενταπόλεως, Θεωνᾶς Λίβυς, Πιστός.
English
I pray that you are well in the Lord, blessed pope. Arius, Aeithales, Achilles, Carpones, Sarmatas, Arius, presbyters. Deacons: Euzoius, Lucius, Julius, Menas, Helladius, Gaius. Bishops: Secundus of Pentapolis, Theonas the Libyan, Pistus.
Citation. Tergwame, “Dok. 1: Theologische Erklärung alexandrinischer Kleriker an Alexander von Alexandrien”, pta0100.pta001:1, machine-draft, 2026. https://naxiai.com/christian/works/pta0100.pta001#s1
Colophon. Source: pta · licence: CC BY 4.0 · model: deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash:floor · provider: Relace · cost: $0.0021 · generated 2026-11-15.