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Petitiones Arianorum

Athanasius of Alexandria · pta

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Summary

The Petitiones Arianorum is a short Greek work attributed to Athanasius of Alexandria, likely composed in 363. It presents a dramatic petitionary narrative in which Arian partisans appeal to Emperor Jovian against Athanasius and the Nicene party. The text survives in a single manuscript tradition and is cited in later anti-Arian florilegia. Its genre blends petitionary protocol with theological polemic, though the original rhetorical context is not fully recoverable. The work reflects the ongoing Arian controversy after the death of Emperor Julian and the brief reign of Jovian, who restored Nicene exiles.

The Petitiones Arianorum provides a rare glimpse into the rhetorical strategies of Arian opponents during the brief reign of Jovian. It illustrates how Athanasius and his circle framed the conflict as a legal-moral drama, using petitionary genre to delegitimize Arian claims. The work is a valuable source for understanding the post-Julianic phase of the Arian controversy and the use of imperial audiences in theological disputes.

Historical context

The work is set in 363, shortly after Emperor Julian's death and the accession of Jovian, who reversed Julian's anti-Christian policies and restored Nicene bishops. Athanasius, returning from exile, faced continued opposition from Arian factions, especially those associated with George of Cappadocia, the Arian bishop of Alexandria (c. 356–361). The text dramatizes an audience before Jovian, where Arians present petitions accusing Athanasius. The genre imitates late antique court protocol, but the narrative is rhetorically stylized. The Greek text survives in a single manuscript tradition, with no early versions in Latin or Syriac. It was used in Byzantine theological compilations but never achieved canonical status. The title 'Petitiones Arianorum' may be a later editorial framing; the original context as a petition or dialogue is uncertain.

Apparatus · what the pipeline recorded

Annotation and terms

30 commentary units 7 background7 term5 structure5 caution3 reception2 sense1 dating 0 derived notes 7 open questions 5 narrative
What the kinds mean

Pipeline notes

  • coverageNo English translation could be identified: a language model asked twice could not name one, though it could not rule one out either. That is not proof that none exists — translations in dissertations, recent books and other modern languages are easily missed.
  • limitThe English is a machine draft produced passage by passage from the transcribed Coptic; no human has verified it. The commentary is model-written and cites only keys the pipeline could resolve.
  • registerRegister: other in ancient Greek; the English keeps the liturgical formulae and the vocatives rather than normalising them.
  • structurePassages: 5 narrative.
  • sourceSource edition: pta — CC BY-SA 4.0

Term index

CopticRenderingCountFirst
no glossary terms recorded
pta0022.pta017:1 · narrativehigh
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Ἐντυχία γενομένη ἐν Ἀντιοχείᾳ Ἰωβιανῷ βασιλεῖ, παρὰ Λουκίου καὶ Βερνικιανοῦ καὶ ἑτέρων τινῶν Ἀρειανῶν κατὰ Ἀθανασίου ἐπισκόπου Ἀλεξανδρείας Πρώτη ἐντυχία, ἣν ἐποιήσαντο ἀπερχομένου τοῦ βασιλέως εἰς κάμπον ἐν τῇ Ῥωμανησίᾳ πύλῃ δεόμεθά σου τοῦ κράτους καὶ τοῦ βασιλείου σου καὶ τῆς εὐσεβείας σου, ἄκουσον ἡμῶν. ὁ βασιλεὺς εἶπεν· τίνες ἐστὲ καὶ πόθεν; οἱ Ἀρειανοὶ εἶπον· κύριε, Χριστιανοί. ὁ βασιλεὺς εἶπε· πόθεν καὶ ἐκ ποίας πόλεως; οἱ Ἀρειανοὶ εἶπον· Ἀλεξανδρείας. ὁ βασιλεὺς εἶπε· τί βούλεσθε; οἱ Ἀρειανοὶ εἶπον· δεόμεθά σου τοῦ κράτους καὶ τοῦ βασιλείου σου, ἐπίσκοπον ἡμῖν δός. ὁ βασιλεὺς εἶπεν· ἐκέλευσα τὸν πρότερον, ὅνπερ εἴχετε τὸ πρότερον, Ἀθανάσιον, καθέζεσθαι ἐν τῷ θρόνῳ. οἱ Ἀρειανοὶ εἶπον· δεόμεθά σου τοῦ κράτους· καὶ ἐν ἐξορισμῷ καὶ ἐν κατηγορίᾳ ἐστὶν ἔτη πολλά. στρατιώτης ἐξαίφνης ζηλώσας ἀπεκρίνατο· δέομαί σου τοῦ βασιλείου, αὐτὸς ἐξέτασον, τίνες εἰσὶ καὶ πόθεν. οὗτοι γάρ εἰσι τὰ λείψανα καὶ ἡ παραβολὴ τῆς Καππαδοκίας, τὰ ὑπόλοιπα τοῦ ἀνοσίου ἐκείνου Γεωργίου, οἱ τὴν πόλιν καὶ τὸν κόσμον ἐρημώσαντες.
English
A petition presented at Antioch to the Emperor Jovian by Lucius, Bernicianus, and certain other Arians against Athanasius, bishop of Alexandria. First petition, which they made as the emperor was going to the Campus at the Romanesian Gate. We beseech your power and your kingdom and your piety, hear us. The emperor said: Who are you and from where? The Arians said: Lord, Christians. The emperor said: From where and from what city? The Arians said: Alexandria. The emperor said: What do you want? The Arians said: We beseech your power and your kingdom, give us a bishop. The emperor said: I ordered the former one, whom you had before, Athanasius, to be seated on the throne. The Arians said: We beseech your power; and he has been in exile and under accusation for many years. A soldier, suddenly moved by zeal, answered: I beseech your kingdom, examine for yourself who they are and from where. For these are the remnants and the offscouring of Cappadocia, the leftovers of that unholy George, those who laid waste the city and the world.
pta0022.pta017:2 · narrativehigh
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ἀκούσας ὁ βασιλεὺς ἐπτέρνισε τὸν ἵππον καὶ ἀπῆλθεν εἰς τὸν κάμπον. Δευτέρα ἐντυχία τῶν Ἀρειανῶν κατηγορίας καὶ ἀποδείξεις ἔχομεν κατὰ Ἀθανασίου, ὅστις πρὸ δέκα καὶ εἴκοσι καὶ τριάκοντα ἐτῶν ἐξωρίσθη ἀπὸ τῶν ἀειμνήστων Κωνσταντίνου καὶ Κωνσταντίου, καὶ ἐπὶ τοῦ θεοφιλεστάτου καὶ φιλοσοφωτάτου καὶ μακαριωτάτου Ἰουλιανοῦ ἔσχε τὴν ἐξόρισιν. ὁ βασιλεὺς εἶπεν· αἱ πρὸ δέκα καὶ εἴκοσι καὶ τριάκοντα ἐτῶν κατηγορίαι ἤδη παρῆλθον. ἐμοὶ μὴ λέγετε περὶ Ἀθανασίου· οἶδα γὰρ διά τι κατηγορήθη καὶ πῶς ἐξωρίσθη. Τρίτη ἐντυχία τῶν Ἀρειανῶν καὶ νῦν πάλιν κατηγορίας ἔχομεν ἄλλας τινὰς κατὰ Ἀθανασίου. ὁ βασιλεὺς εἶπεν· οὐκ ἐκ τῆς πολυοχλίας καὶ ἐκ τῶν πολυφωνημάτων τὰ δίκαια φανήσεται. ἀλλ’ ἢ ἐκλέξασθε δύο ἐξ ἑαυτῶν καὶ ἐκ τῶν τοῦ πλήθους ἑτέρους δύο· οὐ γὰρ δύναμαι πρὸς ἕνα ἕκαστον ὑμῶν ἀποφαίνεσθαι. οἱ ἐκ τοῦ πλήθους εἶπαν· οὗτοί εἰσι τὰ λείψανα ἀπὸ τοῦ ἀνοσίου Γεωργίου τοῦ ἐρημώσαντος τὴν ἐπαρχίαν ἡμῶν καὶ ἐν ταῖς πόλεσι βουλευτὴν μὴ ἐάσαντος οἰκῆσαι.
English
The emperor, on hearing this, spurred his horse and went off to the Campus. Second Petition of the Arians We have accusations and proofs against Athanasius, who was exiled ten, twenty, and thirty years ago by the ever-memorable Constantine and Constantius, and who suffered exile under the most God-beloved, most philosophical, and most blessed Julian. The emperor said: The accusations of ten, twenty, and thirty years ago have already passed. Do not speak to me about Athanasius; for I know why he was accused and how he was exiled. Third Petition of the Arians And now again we have certain other accusations against Athanasius. The emperor said: Justice will not appear from the crowd and from the many voices. Rather, choose two from among yourselves and two others from the multitude; for I cannot give a decision to each one of you individually. Those from the multitude said: These are the remnants from the unholy George, who laid waste our province and left no councillor to dwell in the cities.
pta0022.pta017:3 · narrativehigh
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οἱ Ἀρειανοὶ εἶπον· δεόμεθά σου, εἴ τινα ἂν θέλῃς χωρὶς Ἀθανασίου. ὁ βασιλεὺς εἶπεν· εἶπον ὑμῖν, ὅτι τὰ περὶ Ἀθανασίου ἤδη διοίκησιν ἔσχε. καὶ ὀργισθεὶς εἶπε·. οἱ Ἀρειανοὶ εἶπον· δεόμεθά σου, ἐὰν πέμψῃς Ἀθανάσιον, λυμαίνεται ἡ πόλις ἡμῶν, καὶ οὐδεὶς αὐτῷ συνέρχεται. ὁ βασιλεὺς εἶπε· καίτοι περιεργασάμενος ἔγνων, ὅτι καλῶς φρονεῖ καὶ ὀρθόδοξός ἐστι καὶ καλῶς διδάσκει. οἱ Ἀρειανοὶ εἶπον· τῷ μὲν στόματι καλῶς φθέγγεται, τῇ δὲ ψυχῇ δολίως φρονεῖ. ὁ βασιλεὺς εἶπε· τοῦτο ἀρκετόν ἐστιν, ὅτι ὑμεῖς ἐμαρτυρήσατε περὶ αὐτοῦ, ὅτι καλῶς φθέγγεται καὶ καλῶς διδάσκει. εἰ δὲ τῇ γλώσσῃ καλῶς διδάσκει καὶ λέγει, τῇ δὲ ψυχῇ κακῶς φρονεῖ, πρὸς τὸν θεὸν ἔχει. ἄνθρωποι γὰρ ὄντες τὸν λόγον ἀκούομεν, τὰ δὲ ἐγκάρδια ὁ θεὸς οἶδεν. οἱ Ἀρειανοὶ εἶπον· κέλευσον ἡμᾶς συνάγεσθαι. ὁ βασιλεὺς εἶπε· τίς γὰρ κωλύει ὑμᾶς; οἱ Ἀρειανοὶ εἶπον· δεόμεθά σου, αἱρεσιώτας καὶ δογματιστὰς ἡμᾶς ἀπαγγέλλει. ὁ βασιλεὺς εἶπεν· ἔργον αὐτοῦ ἐστι καὶ τῶν καλῶς διδασκόντων.
English
The Arians said: We beseech you, if you wish anything without Athanasius. The emperor said: I told you that the matter concerning Athanasius has already been settled. And he said in anger: The Arians said: We beseech you, if you send Athanasius, our city is ruined, and no one associates with him. The emperor said: Yet having investigated, I have learned that he thinks rightly and is orthodox and teaches well. The Arians said: With his mouth he speaks well, but in his soul he thinks deceitfully. The emperor said: This is sufficient, that you have testified about him that he speaks well and teaches well. But if with his tongue he teaches and speaks well, but in his soul he thinks badly, that is a matter for God. For being men, we hear the word, but the things in the heart God knows. The Arians said: Order us to assemble. The emperor said: For who prevents you? The Arians said: We beseech you, he proclaims us heretics and dogmatists. The emperor said: It is his work and that of those who teach well.
pta0022.pta017:4 · narrativemedium
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οἱ Ἀρειανοὶ εἶπον· δεόμεθά σου τοῦ κράτους· τοῦτον βαστάσαι οὐ δυνάμεθα, καὶ τὰ τεμένη τῶν ἐκκλησιῶν περιῄρει. ὁ βασιλεὺς εἶπεν· οὐκοῦν ἕνεκεν χρημάτων ἤλθετε ὧδε καὶ οὐχ ἕνεκεν πίστεως; καὶ πάλιν εἶπεν· ἀπέλθετε καὶ εἰρηνεύετε. ἔτι προσθεὶς εἶπε πρὸς τοὺς Ἀρειανούς· ἀπέλθετε εἰς τὴν ἐκκλησίαν, αὔριον σύναξις ὑμῖν ἐστι. καὶ μετὰ τὴν ἀπόλυσιν εἰσὶν ὧδε ἐπίσκοποι καὶ Νεμεσῖνος ὧδέ ἐστιν. ἕκαστος ὑμῶν, καθὼς πιστεύει, ὑπογράψει. καὶ Ἀθανάσιος ὧδέ ἐστιν· ὁ μὴ εἰδὼς τὸν τῆς πίστεως λόγον μάθῃ παρὰ Ἀθανασίου. ἔχετε τὴν αὔριον καὶ τὴν μεθαύριον. ἐκβαίνω γὰρ ἐγὼ εἰς κάμπον. καί τις σχολαστικὸς τῶν κυνικῶν ἐνέτυχε τῷ βασιλεῖ· δέομαι τοῦ βασιλείου σου προφάσει Ἀθανασίου τοῦ ἐπισκόπου ὁ καθολικὸς τὰς οἰκίας μου ἦρεν. ὁ βασιλεὺς εἶπεν· εἰ ὁ καθολικὸς τὰς οἰκίας σου ἦρε, τί κοινὸν Ἀθανασίῳ; ἕτερός τις σχολαστικὸς Παταλᾶς εἶπε· κατηγορίαν ἔχω κατὰ Ἀθανασίου. ὁ βασιλεὺς εἶπε· καὶ σύ, τί κοινὸν ἔχεις πρὸς Χριστιανοὺς Ἕλλην ὤν;
English
The Arians said: We beseech your majesty; we cannot bear this man, and he has been stripping the precincts of the churches. The emperor said: So then, have you come here for the sake of money and not for the sake of faith? And again he said: Go away and make peace. Adding further, he said to the Arians: Go to the church; tomorrow you have a synod. And after the dismissal, there are bishops here, and Nemesinus is here. Each of you, as you believe, will subscribe. And Athanasius is here; he who does not know the word of faith shall learn from Athanasius. You have tomorrow and the day after. For I am going out to the plain. And a certain scholasticus of the Cynics petitioned the emperor: I beseech your imperial majesty, on the pretext of Athanasius the bishop, the catholicus has taken my houses. The emperor said: If the catholicus took your houses, what common concern is that to Athanasius? Another scholasticus, Patalas, said: I have an accusation against Athanasius. The emperor said: And you, what common concern have you with Christians, being a Greek?
pta0022.pta017:5 · narrativemedium
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τινὲς δὲ τοῦ πλήθους τῶν Ἀντιοχέων κατέσχον Λούκιον καὶ προσήνεγκαν τῷ βασιλεῖ λέγοντες· δεόμεθα τοῦ κράτους σου καὶ τοῦ βασιλείου σου, ἴδε τίνα ἠθέλησαν ποιῆσαι ἐπίσκοπον. Ἑτέρα ἐντυχία πρὸς τῷ πυλῶνι τοῦ παλατίου γενομένη παρὰ Λουκίου. δέομαί σου τοῦ κράτους, ἄκουσόν μου. ὁ βασιλεὺς ἐστάθη καὶ εἶπε· σοὶ αὐτῷ Λουκίῳ λέγω, πῶς ἦλθες ὧδε, πλοῒ ἢ πεζής; Λούκιος εἶπε· δέομαί σου, πλοΐ. ὁ βασιλεὺς εἶπε· πρὸς σὲ λέγω, Λούκιε, ὁ θεὸς τοῦ κόσμου καὶ κομήτης, ἥλιος καὶ σελήνη ὀργισθείη αὐτοῖς ἐκείνοις τοῖς ἐμπλέουσιν ἅμα σοι, ὅτι οὐκ ἔρριψάν σε εἰς τὴν θάλασσαν· καὶ ἡ ναῦς δὲ ἐκείνη μὴ ἴσχῃ εἰς τὸν ἅπαντα χρόνον εὐδρόμους πνοὰς μήτε χειμαζομένη μετὰ τῶν ἐμπλεόντων λιμένος τύχοι. καὶ δι’ Εὐζωΐου ἠξίωσαν τοὺς περὶ Προβάτιον, τοὺς διαδόχους Εὐσεβίου καὶ Βαρδίωνος, τοὺς εὐνούχους, ὡς ἵνα συστάσεως τύχωσιν οἱ ἄπιστοι Ἀρειανοί. καὶ γνοὺς τοῦτο βασιλεὺς καὶ τοὺς εὐνούχους βασανίσας εἶπεν· εἴ τις ἐντυχεῖν βούλεται κατὰ Χριστιανῶν, τοιαῦτα πάθοι. καὶ οὕτως ἀφῆκεν ὁ βασιλεύς.
English
Some of the crowd of Antiochenes seized Lucius and brought him before the emperor, saying: We beseech your majesty and your imperial power; see what sort of bishop they wished to make. Another petition made at the gate of the palace by Lucius. I beseech your majesty, hear me. The emperor stopped and said: I say to you yourself, Lucius, how did you come here, by ship or on foot? Lucius said: I beseech you, by ship. The emperor said: I say to you, Lucius, may the god of the world and the comet, the sun and the moon be angry with those who sailed with you, because they did not throw you into the sea; and may that ship never have favorable winds for all time, nor, when storm-tossed with those on board, may it find a harbor. And through Euzoius they petitioned those around Probatius, the successors of Eusebius and Bardion, the eunuchs, so that the faithless Arians might obtain support. And when the emperor learned this and had tortured the eunuchs, he said: If anyone wishes to petition against Christians, let him suffer such things. And thus the emperor dismissed them.
Citation. Tergwame, “Petitiones Arianorum”, pta0022.pta017:1, machine-draft, 2026. https://naxiai.com/christian/works/pta0022.pta017#s1
Colophon. Source: pta · licence: CC BY-SA 4.0 · model: deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash:floor · provider: Relace · cost: $0.0028 · generated 2026-11-15.