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Ὡς ἡ βίβλος τῶν ψαλμῶν καινὴν διδασκαλίαν περιέχει μετὰ τὴν Μωϋσέως νομοθεσίαν· καὶ ὅτι δευτέρα μετὰ τὴν Μωϋσέως γραφὴν διδασκαλικὴ βίβλος αὕτη τυγχάνει·
Μετὰ γοῦν τὴν Μωϋσέως καὶ Ἰησοῦ τελευτὴν καὶ μετὰ τοὺς κριτὰς Δαυὶδ γενόμενος ὡσανεὶ τοῦ σωτῆρος αὐτὸς χρηματίσαι πατὴρ καταξιωθεὶς καινὸν τρόπον τὸν τῆς ψαλμῳδίας πρῶτος Ἑβραίοις παρέδωκεν. δι’ ἧς ἀναιρεῖ μὲν τὰ παρὰ Μωϋσεῖ περὶ θυσιῶν νενομοθετημένα, καινὸν δὲ τὸν δι’ ὕμνων καὶ ἀλαλαγμῶν τρόπον τῆς τοῦ θεοῦ λατρείας εἰσάγει· καὶ ἄλλα δὲ πλεῖστα τὸν Μωϋσέως νόμον ἐπαναβεβηκότα δι’ ὅλης αὐτοῦ τῆς πραγματείας διδάσκει.
Περιοχαὶ εἰς τοὺς ψαλμούς
α. Προτροπὴ θεοσεβείας καὶ ἀποτροπὴ τοῦ ἐναντίου.
β. Προφητεία περὶ Χριστοῦ καὶ κλήσεως ἐθνῶν.
γ. Προφητεία γενησομένων ἀγαθῶν τῷ Δαυίδ.
δ. Προφητεία τοῦ Δαυὶδ περὶ ὧν πέπονθεν.
ε. Ἐκ προσώπου τῆς ἐκκλησίας προσευχή.
ϛ. Διδασκαλία ἐξομολογήσεως.
ζ. Τῷ Δαυὶδ ἐξομολόγησις καὶ προφητεία κλήσεως ἐθνῶν.
English
The book of Psalms contains a new teaching after the legislation of Moses; and this is the second didactic book after the writing of Moses, as it happens.
After the death of Moses and Joshua, and after the judges, David, having come and having been deemed worthy to be called the father of the savior, as it were, first delivered to the Hebrews a new mode, that of psalmody. Through this he abolishes the things legislated by Moses concerning sacrifices, and introduces a new mode of worship of God through hymns and acclamations; and he teaches many other things that surpass the law of Moses throughout his entire work.
Summaries of the Psalms
1. Exhortation to piety and turning away from the opposite.
2. Prophecy concerning Christ and the calling of the nations.
3. Prophecy of the good things that will happen to David.
4. Prophecy of David concerning what he has suffered.
5. Prayer from the perspective of the church.
6. Teaching of confession.
7. Confession to David and prophecy of the calling of the nations.
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η. Προφητεία κλήσεως ἐθνῶν.
θ. Θάνατος Χριστοῦ καὶ ἀνάστασις καὶ βασιλείας παράληψις ἐχθρῶν τε πάντων καθαίρεσις.
ι. Ἐπινίκιος ὕμνος τοῦ κατὰ θεὸν ἀγωνιζομένου.
ια. Κατηγορία πονηρῶν καὶ προφητεία Χριστοῦ παρουσίας.
ιβ. Ἐχθρῶν ἐπανάστασις καὶ προσδοκία Χριστοῦ παρουσίας.
ιγ. Κατηγορία πονηρῶν καὶ προφητεία Χριστοῦ παρουσίας.
ιδ. Τοῦ κατὰ θεὸν τελείου ἀποκατάστασις.
ιε. Ἐκκλησίας ἐκλογὴ καὶ Χριστοῦ ἀνάστασις.
ιϛ. Τελείου ἀνδρὸς ἢ αὐτοῦ τοῦ Χριστοῦ προσευχὴ ὑπὲρ τῶν δι’ αὐτοῦ σωθησομένων.
ιζ. Εὐχαριστία τοῦ Δαυὶδ καὶ προφητεία Χριστοῦ παρουσίας καὶ ἀναλήψεως.
ιη. Θεολογία σὺν διδασκαλίᾳ ἠθικῇ.
ιθ. Εὐχὴ τῶν συμπραττόντων τῷ Δαυὶδ δικαίων.
κ. Ἔντευξις τῶν συμπραττόντων τῷ Δαυίδ.
κα. Προφητεία Χριστοῦ παθῶν καὶ ἐθνῶν κλῆσις.
κβ. Διδασκαλία καὶ νέου λαοῦ εἰσαγωγή.
κγ. Προφητεία κλήσεως ἐθνῶν καὶ τελείωσις τῶν σωζομένων.
κδ. Διδασκαλία ἐξομολογήσεως.
κε. Ἔντευξις τοῦ κατὰ θεὸν προκόπτοντος.
English
8. Prophecy of the calling of the nations.
9. Death of Christ and resurrection and assumption of the kingdom and destruction of all enemies.
10. Victory hymn of the one who contends according to God.
11. Accusation of the wicked and prophecy of the coming of Christ.
12. Revolt of enemies and expectation of the coming of Christ.
13. Accusation of the wicked and prophecy of the coming of Christ.
14. Restoration of the one who is perfect according to God.
15. Election of the Church and resurrection of Christ.
16. Prayer of the perfect man or of Christ himself on behalf of those who will be saved through him.
17. Thanksgiving of David and prophecy of the coming and ascension of Christ.
18. Theology together with moral teaching.
19. Prayer of the righteous who cooperate with David.
20. Entreaty of those who cooperate with David.
21. Prophecy of the sufferings of Christ and the calling of the nations.
22. Teaching and introduction of a new people.
23. Prophecy of the calling of the nations and perfection of those being saved.
24. Teaching of confession.
25. Entreaty of the one who progresses according to God.
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κϛ. Εὐχαριστία καὶ αἴτησις ἀγαθῶν.
κζ. Δέησις μετὰ προφητείας.
κη. Προφητεία αἰνιγματώδης σὺν θεολογίᾳ.
κθ. Εὐχαριστία σὺν ἐξομολογήσει.
λ. Ἐξομολόγησις σὺν ἱκετηρίᾳ.
λα. Προφητεία τῶν διὰ Χριστοῦ σωθησομένων.
λβ. Παρακέλευσις ὑμνολογίας σὺν θεολογίᾳ.
λγ. Διδασκαλία εὐχαριστίας.
λδ. Ἱκετηρία δικαίου καὶ προφητεία περὶ Χριστοῦ.
λε. Ἔλεγχος ἀσεβῶν σὺν θεολογίᾳ.
λϛ. Διδασκαλία θεοσεβοῦς βίου.
λζ. Διδασκαλία ἐξομολογήσεως.
λη. Ἔντευξις σὺν ἐξομολογήσει.
λθ. Εὐχαριστία τοῦ κατὰ θεὸν σωθέντος καὶ μνήμη ἐκκλησίας.
μ. Προφητεία περὶ Χριστοῦ καὶ περὶ τοῦ προδότου.
μα. Ἱκετηρία προφητῶν ἐπὶ τῇ ἀποβολῇ τοῦ Ἰουδαίων ἔθνους.
μβ. Ἱκετηρία προφητῶν ἐπὶ τῇ ἀποβολῇ τοῦ Ἰουδαίων ἔθνους.
μγ. Ἱκετηρία προφητῶν ἐπὶ τῇ ἀποβολῇ τοῦ Ἰουδαίων ἔθνους.
μδ. Ἐπιφάνεια Χριστοῦ βασιλείας.
με. Ἀποστόλων κήρυγμα.
μϛ. Κλῆσις ἐθνῶν.
μζ. Ὕμνος εἰς θεὸν ὑπὲρ τῆς ἐκκλησίας καὶ καθαίρεσις διωγμῶν.
μη. Θείας κρίσεως διδασκαλία.
English
26. Thanksgiving and petition for good things.
27. Supplication with prophecy.
28. Enigmatic prophecy with theology.
29. Thanksgiving with confession.
30. Confession with supplication.
31. Prophecy of those who will be saved through Christ.
32. Exhortation to hymnody with theology.
33. Instruction on thanksgiving.
34. Supplication of a righteous man and prophecy concerning Christ.
35. Refutation of the impious with theology.
36. Instruction on a godly life.
37. Instruction on confession.
38. Intercession with confession.
39. Thanksgiving of one saved according to God and remembrance of the Church.
40. Prophecy concerning Christ and concerning the traitor.
41. Supplication of the prophets over the rejection of the nation of the Jews.
42. Supplication of the prophets over the rejection of the nation of the Jews.
43. Supplication of the prophets over the rejection of the nation of the Jews.
44. Epiphany of the kingdom of Christ.
45. Preaching of the Apostles.
46. Calling of the nations.
47. Hymn to God on behalf of the Church and abolition of persecutions.
48. Instruction on divine judgment.
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μθ. Ἀνατροπὴ τοῦ περὶ θυσιῶν Μωϋσέως νόμου καὶ εἰσαγωγὴ τοῦ τῆς Kαινῆς διαθήκης τρόπου.
ν. Διδασκαλία ἐξομολογήσεως.
να. Ἔλεγχος μοχθηροῦ τρόπου καὶ τέλος τοῦ αὐτοῦ.
νβ. Σωτήριος ἐπιφάνεια καὶ ἀθεότητος ἀπαλλαγή.
νγ. Προσευχὴ τοῦ διὰ θεὸν ἐλαυνομένου.
νδ. Δήλωσις τῶν κατὰ Χριστοῦ τετολμημένων.
νε. Δικαίου εὐχαριστία ῥυσθέντος ἐξ ἐχθρῶν.
νϛ. Εὐχαριστία τοῦ Δαυὶδ καὶ προφητεία κλήσεως ἐθνῶν.
νζ. Διδασκαλία τῆς τοῦ θεοῦ δικαιοκρισίας.
νη. Κλῆσις ἐθνῶν καὶ Ἰουδαίων ἀποβολή.
νθ. Ἀποβολὴ τοῦ Ἰουδαίων ἔθνους καὶ κλῆσις ἐθνῶν.
ξ. Δέησις σὺν εὐχαριστίᾳ.
ξα. Διδασκαλία θεραπευτική.
ξβ. Εὐχαριστία τοῦ κατὰ θεὸν τελείου.
ξγ. Διδασκαλία θεοσεβείας ἀθλητοῦ.
ξδ. Κλῆσις ἐθνῶν.
ξε. Κλῆσις ἐθνῶν καὶ ἀποστόλων μαρτυρία.
ξϛ. Κλῆσις ἐθνῶν καὶ ἀποστόλων κήρυγμα.
ξζ. Χριστοῦ ἐνανθρώπησις καὶ ἐθνῶν κλῆσις.
ξη. Πάθη Χριστοῦ καὶ Ἰουδαίων ἀποβολή.
ξθ. Ἱκετηρία δικαίου ἢ καὶ αὐτοῦ τοῦ Χριστοῦ.
ο. Χριστοῦ πάθη καὶ ἀνάστασις.
English
49. Overturning of the Mosaic law concerning sacrifices and introduction of the manner of the New Covenant.
50. Teaching of confession.
51. Refutation of a depraved manner and its conclusion.
52. Salvific epiphany and deliverance from godlessness.
53. Prayer of one persecuted for God.
54. Declaration of the things dared against Christ.
55. Thanksgiving of a righteous man delivered from enemies.
56. Thanksgiving of David and prophecy of the calling of the nations.
57. Teaching of God’s righteous judgment.
58. Calling of the nations and rejection of the Jews.
59. Rejection of the Jewish nation and calling of the nations.
60. Supplication with thanksgiving.
61. Therapeutic teaching.
62. Thanksgiving of one perfect according to God.
63. Teaching of piety of an athlete.
64. Calling of the nations.
65. Calling of the nations and testimony of the apostles.
66. Calling of the nations and proclamation of the apostles.
67. Incarnation of Christ and calling of the nations.
68. Sufferings of Christ and rejection of the Jews.
69. Supplication of a righteous man or even of Christ himself.
70. Sufferings and resurrection of Christ.
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οα. Προφητεία Χριστοῦ βασιλείας καὶ κλήσεως ἐθνῶν.
οβ. Ἐξομολόγησις τῆς ἀνθρωπίνης ἀσθενείας ἐπὶ τῇ τῶν ἀσεβῶν εὐπραγίᾳ καὶ τῆς τοῦ θεοῦ μακροθυμίας.
ογ. Προαναφώνησις τῆς ἐσχάτης Ἰουδαίων πολιορκίας τῆς ἐπὶ Οὐεσπασιανοῦ καὶ Τίτου γενομένης.
οδ. Χριστοῦ θεολογία καὶ ὑπόμνησις τοῦ θείου δικαστηρίου.
οε. Ἐκδίκησις κατὰ ἀσεβῶν τῆς τοῦ θεοῦ κρίσεως.
οϛ. Περὶ τῆς τοῦ θεοῦ μακροθυμίας καὶ τῶν θαυμασίων ἔργων αὐτοῦ.
οζ. Χριστοῦ διαστολὴ πρὸς τὴν ἐκκλησίαν περὶ τῆς τοῦ προτέρου λαοῦ παρανομίας.
οη. Προφητεία τῶν κατὰ Ἀντίοχον Ἰουδαίοις συμβάντων ἢ ἱστορία ἐν τοῖς Μακκαβαίοις.
οθ. Προφητεία τῆς ὑπὸ Ἀσσυρίων πολιορκίας καὶ δέησις περὶ τῆς τοῦ Χριστοῦ ἐπιφανείας.
π. Κλῆσις ἐθνῶν καὶ διδασκαλία τῶν συμβεβηκότων τῷ προτέρῳ λαῷ.
πα. Ἔλεγχος τῶν ἀρχόντων τοῦ Ἰουδαίων ἔθνους καὶ προφητεία περὶ τῶν ἐθνῶν.
πβ. Δέησις ὑπὲρ τοῦ πεπονθότος τὰ σκυθρωπὰ λαοῦ καὶ προφητεία περὶ τοῦ τέλους τῶν ἐχθρῶν τοῦ θεοῦ.
English
71. Prophecy of Christ's kingdom and the calling of the nations.
72. Confession of human weakness at the prosperity of the impious and of God's forbearance.
73. Foretelling of the final siege of the Jews which occurred under Vespasian and Titus.
74. Theology of Christ and reminder of the divine judgment.
75. Vengeance against the impious of God's judgment.
76. Concerning God's forbearance and his wondrous works.
77. Christ's distinction to the church concerning the lawlessness of the former people.
78. Prophecy of the events that befell the Jews under Antiochus, or history in the Maccabees.
79. Prophecy of the siege by the Assyrians and a prayer concerning the epiphany of Christ.
80. Calling of the nations and teaching of the events that befell the former people.
81. Refutation of the rulers of the Jewish nation and prophecy concerning the nations.
82. Prayer on behalf of the people who suffered grievous things and prophecy concerning the end of the enemies of God.
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πγ. Χριστοῦ ἐνανθρώπησις καὶ περὶ τῶν ἐκκλησιῶν.
πδ. Προφητεία εἰς Χριστὸν καὶ τοὺς δι’ αὐτοῦ λελυτρωμένους.
πε. Προσευχὴ τῷ Δαυὶδ καὶ προφητεία κλήσεως ἐθνῶν.
πϛ. Χριστοῦ ἐνανθρώπησις καὶ κλῆσις ἐθνῶν.
πζ. Χριστοῦ θάνατον προφητεύει.
πη. Χριστοῦ βασιλεία ἐκ σπέρματος Δαυίδ.
πθ. Ἰουδαίων ἀποβολή.
ϙ. Χριστοῦ νίκη καὶ παντὸς τοῦ κατ’ αὐτὸν τελειουμένου.
ϙα. Περὶ τῆς κατὰ θεὸν ἀναπαύσεως.
ϙβ. Ὕμνος βασιλείας Χριστοῦ ἐπὶ τῆς πρώτης αὐτοῦ παρουσίας.
ϙγ. Περὶ τῶν κατὰ τῆς ἐκκλησίας διωγμῶν.
ϙδ. Κλῆσις Ἰουδαίων καὶ ἀπόγνωσις τῶν αὐτῶν.
ϙε. Κλῆσις ἐθνῶν καὶ Χριστοῦ παρουσία.
ϙϛ. Ὕμνος βασιλείας Χριστοῦ ἐπὶ τῆς δευτέρας αὐτοῦ παρουσίας.
ϙζ. Κλῆσις ἐθνῶν καὶ Χριστοῦ παρουσία.
ϙη. Ὕμνος βασιλείας Χριστοῦ.
ϙθ. Κλῆσις ἐθνῶν.
ρ. Ὕμνος τοῦ κατὰ θεὸν τελειουμένου.
ρα. Ὀδυρμὸς ἐπὶ τῷ προτέρῳ λαῷ καὶ προφητεία νεοῦ λαοῦ καὶ κλῆσις ἐθνῶν.
ρβ. Διδασκαλία εὐχαριστίας.
ργ. Διδασκαλία ἐξομολογήσεως.
English
83. The incarnation of Christ and concerning the churches.
84. A prophecy concerning Christ and those redeemed through him.
85. A prayer to David and a prophecy of the calling of the nations.
86. The incarnation of Christ and the calling of the nations.
87. He prophesies the death of Christ.
88. The kingdom of Christ from the seed of David.
89. The rejection of the Jews.
90. The victory of Christ and of everything perfected according to him.
91. Concerning rest in accordance with God.
92. A hymn of the kingdom of Christ at his first coming.
93. Concerning the persecutions against the church.
94. The calling of the Jews and the despair of the same.
95. The calling of the nations and the coming of Christ.
96. A hymn of the kingdom of Christ at his second coming.
97. The calling of the nations and the coming of Christ.
98. A hymn of the kingdom of Christ.
99. The calling of the nations.
100. A hymn of that which is perfected according to God.
101. A lament for the former people and a prophecy of a new people and the calling of the nations.
102. Teaching on thanksgiving.
103. Teaching on confession.
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ρδ. Διδασκαλία τοῖς ἔθνεσι τῶν εἰς τὸν πρότερον λαὸν τοῦ θεοῦ εὐεργεσιῶν.
ρε. Διδασκαλία δυσσεβείας τοῦ Ἰουδαίων ἔθνους.
ρϛ. Προφητεία κλήσεως ἐθνῶν καὶ τῆς εἰς ἀνθρώπους τοῦ θεοῦ λόγου ἐπιλάμψεως.
ρζ. Κλῆσις ἐθνῶν.
ρη. Πάθη Χριστοῦ.
ρθ. Νίκη Χριστοῦ.
ρι. Εὐχαριστία Χριστοῦ.
ρια. Διδασκαλία Χριστοῦ.
ριβ. Νέου λαοῦ κλῆσις.
ριγ. Νέου λαοῦ διδασκαλία.
ριδ. Νέου λαοῦ προκοπή.
ριε. Νέου λαοῦ τελείωσις.
ριϛ. Κλῆσις ἐθνῶν.
ριζ. Νίκη τῶν ἐν Χριστῷ ἀγωνιζομένων καὶ προφητεία περὶ Χριστοῦ.
ριη. Στοιχείωσις τῆς κατὰ θεὸν εἰσαγωγῆς.
ριθ. Παροικίας.
ρκ. Ἐπανόδου Βαβυλῶνος καὶ τῆς διασπορᾶς.
ρκα. Ἀγαθῶν εὐαγγέλια.
ρκβ. Εὐχῆς.
ρκγ. Εὐχαριστίας.
ρκδ. Ἀποκαταστάσεως.
ρκε. Προσδοκία μελλόντων.
ρκϛ. Οἰκοδομὴ ἐκκλησίας.
ρκζ. Κλῆσις ἐθνῶν.
ρκη. Νίκης θεοῦ στρατιᾶς.
ρκθ. Εὐχῆς μαρτύρων.
ρλ. Περὶ ταπεινοφροσύνης.
ρλα. Προσευχὴ τοῦ Δαυὶδ καὶ ἐπιφάνεια Χριστοῦ.
ρλβ. Λαοῦ τελείου.
ρλγ. Λαοῦ ἐρχομένου.
English
94. Instruction to the nations concerning the benefactions to the former people of God.
95. Instruction concerning the impiety of the Jewish nation.
96. Prophecy of the calling of the nations and of the shining forth of the Word of God among men.
97. Calling of the nations.
98. Sufferings of Christ.
99. Victory of Christ.
100. Thanksgiving of Christ.
101. Teaching of Christ.
102. Calling of a new people.
103. Teaching of a new people.
104. Progress of a new people.
105. Perfection of a new people.
106. Calling of the nations.
107. Victory of those who contend in Christ and a prophecy concerning Christ.
108. Elementary instruction in the introduction according to God.
109. Sojourn.
110. Return from Babylon and of the dispersion.
111. Good tidings.
112. Of prayer.
113. Of thanksgiving.
114. Of restoration.
115. Expectation of things to come.
116. Building of a church.
117. Calling of the nations.
118. Of the army of God's victory.
119. Of the prayer of the martyrs.
120. Concerning humility.
121. Prayer of David and epiphany of Christ.
122. Of a perfect people.
123. Of a people coming.
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ρλδ. Διδασκαλία εἰσακτική.
ρλε. Εὐχαριστία λελυτρωμένων.
ρλϛ. Ἁγίων φωναὶ τῶν ἐν αἰχμαλωσίᾳ.
ρλζ. Εὐχαριστία μετὰ προφητείας.
ρλη. Ἔντευξις δικαίου σὺν θεολογίᾳ.
ρλθ. Φωναὶ τοῦ κατὰ θεὸν ἀγωνιζομένου.
ρμ. Προσευχὴ τοῦ κατὰ θεὸν τελείου.
ρμα. Φωνὴ τοῦ κατὰ θεὸν πολεμουμένου.
ρμβ. Προσευχὴ ἐξομολογουμένου.
ρμγ. Εὐχαριστία νενικηκότος.
ρμδ. Ὕμνος σὺν θεολογίᾳ.
ρμε. Ὕμνος σὺν θεολογίᾳ.
ρμϛ. Ὕμνος σὺν θεολογίᾳ.
ρμζ. Ὕμνος σὺν θεολογίᾳ.
ρμη. Ὕμνος σὺν θεολογίᾳ.
ρμθ. Ὕμνος σὺν θεολογίᾳ.
ρν. Παρακέλευσις ὕμνου καθολική.
De divisione psalterii et psalmorum
Τῆς βίβλου τῶν ψαλμῶν ἥδε ἂν εἴη ἡ διαίρεσις, ὡς τὰ ἀκριβῆ τῶν ἀντιγράφων αὐτό τε τὸ Ἑβραϊκὸν περιέχει· οὐχ ὡς ἄν τις ὑπολάβοι, οἱ πάντες εἰσὶ τοῦ Δαυὶδ ψαλμοί, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἑτέρων προφητῶν ἐν τῷ ψάλλειν προφητευόντων. διόπερ ἡ πᾶσα γραφὴ παρ’ Ἑβραίοις οὐ τοῦ Δαυὶδ ἐπιγράφει, ἀλλ’ ἀδιορίστως Βίβλος ψαλμῶν ὀνομάζεται.
Εἰς πέντε δὲ μέρη τὴν πᾶσαν τῶν ψαλμῶν βίβλον παῖδες Ἑβραίων διαίρουσιν· πρῶτον, εἰς τοὺς ἀπὸ πρώτου μέχρις τεσσαρακοστοῦ· δεύτερον, εἰς τοὺς ἀπὸ τεσσαρακοστοῦ πρώτου μέχρις ἑβδομηκοστοῦ πρώτου· τρίτον, εἰς τοὺς ἀπὸ ἑβδομηκοστοῦ δευτέρου μέχρις ὀγδοηκοστοῦ ὀγδόου· τέταρτον, εἰς τοὺς ἀπὸ ὀγδοηκοστοῦ ἐνάτου μέχρις ἑκατοστοῦ πέμπτου· πέμπτον, εἰς τοὺς ἀπὸ ἑκατοστοῦ ἕκτου μέχρις τέλους τοῦ βιβλίου.
English
134. Introductory instruction.
135. Thanksgiving of the redeemed.
136. Voices of the saints in captivity.
137. Thanksgiving with prophecy.
138. Entreaty of a righteous man with theology.
139. Voices of one contending according to God.
140. Prayer of one perfect according to God.
141. Voice of one warred against according to God.
142. Prayer of one confessing.
143. Thanksgiving of one who has conquered.
144. Hymn with theology.
145. Hymn with theology.
146. Hymn with theology.
147. Hymn with theology.
148. Hymn with theology.
149. Hymn with theology.
150. General exhortation to hymnody.
On the division of the Psalter and the Psalms
The division of the book of Psalms would be as follows, as the accurate copies and the Hebrew itself contain it: not as one might suppose, that all the psalms are of David, but also of other prophets prophesying while singing. For this reason the entire writing among the Hebrews is not inscribed as of David, but is called indefinitely the Book of Psalms.
The children of the Hebrews divide the entire book of Psalms into five parts: first, into those from the first to the fortieth; second, into those from the forty-first to the seventy-first; third, into those from the seventy-second to the eighty-eighth; fourth, into those from the eighty-ninth to the one hundred and fifth; fifth, into those from the one hundred and sixth to the end of the book.
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Ἀνεπίγραφοι δὲ εἰσὶ ψαλμοὶ ιθ, ἐπιγεγραμμένοι ρλα.
Τῶν ἐπιγεγραμμένων δέ εἰσιν οὕτως αἱ διαιρέσεις·
τοῦ μὲν Δαυίδ οβ
τῶν δὲ υἱῶν Κορὲ ια
τοῦ Ἀσὰφ ιβ
Αἰθὰμ τοῦ Ἰσραηλίτου α
Σολομῶντος β
Μωυσέως α
ἀνώνυμοι ιζ
τῶν εἰς τὸ Ἀλληλούϊα ιε
(Εἰσὶ δὲ ἀνώνυμοι, ὅσοι ἐπιγραφὰς μὲν ἔχουσιν, οὐ μὴν δηλοῦσι, τίνος εἰσίν.)
ἀνεπίγραφοι ιθ
ὁμοῦ ρν.
De auctore psalmi I et II
Τοὺς δὲ μετὰ τὸν πρῶτον καὶ δεύτερον ἀνεπιγράφους ψαλμοὺς καὶ τοὺς ἐπιγραφὴν ἔχοντας οὐ δηλοῦντας, τίνος εἰσίν, ἐκείνων εἶναι παῖδες Ἑβραίων φασίν, ὧν τοὔνομα φέρεται ἐν ταῖς τῶν ἀνεπιγράφων προτεταγμέναις. τὸν δὲ α καὶ β, ἕνα ὄντας ἄμφω, τοῦ Δαυὶδ ὑπάρχειν ἡγοῦμαι διὰ τὸ πάντας τοὺς ἐν τῷ πρώτῳ μέρει τῶν Ψαλμῶν ἐφεξῆς αὐτοῦ εἶναι. ἀπὸ γοῦν τοῦ τρίτου μέχρι τοῦ μ τοῦ Δαυὶδ ἐπιγράφονται οἱ πάντες· διό μοι δοκοῦσιν ὑπάρχειν τοῦ αὐτοῦ ὅ τε πρῶτος καὶ ὁ δεύτερος.
Πιστοῦται δὲ λόγον ἡ τῶν Πράξεων τῶν ἀποστόλων βίβλος, ἐν ᾗ εἴρηται· δέσποτα, σὺ ἐποίησας τὸν οὐρανὸν καὶ τὴν γῆν καὶ τὴν θάλασσαν καὶ πάντα τὰ ἐν αὐτοῖς· ὁ τοῦ πατρὸς ἡμῶν διὰ πνεύματος ἁγίου στόματος παιδός σου Δαυὶδ εἰπών· ἵνα τί ἐφρύαξαν ἔθνη καὶ λαοί; σαφῶς γὰρ διὰ τούτων τὸν β ψαλμὸν τοῦ Δαυὶδ ἔφησεν εἶναι. ἀποσεσιωπῆσθαι δὲ εἰκὸς ἐπ’ αὐτὸν τὴν τοῦ Δαυὶδ προγραφὴν διὰ τὸ γυμνὴν ἔχειν περὶ τοῦ κυρίου προφητείαν, ἐν ᾗ εἴρηται· κατὰ τοῦ κυρίου καὶ κατὰ τοῦ χριστοῦ αὐτοῦ· οἷς ἀκολούθως ἐπιλέγει ἐξ αὐτοῦ τοῦ προσώπου τοῦ Χριστοῦ τό· κύριος εἶπεν πρὸς μέ· υἱός μου εἶ σύ.
English
There are nineteen psalms without superscriptions, and one hundred thirty-one with superscriptions.
The divisions of those with superscriptions are as follows:
Of David: seventy-two
Of the sons of Kore: eleven
Of Asaph: twelve
Of Aitham the Israelite: one
Of Solomon: two
Of Moses: one
Anonymous: seventeen
Of those with Hallelujah: fifteen
(Anonymous are those which have superscriptions but do not indicate whose they are.)
Without superscriptions: nineteen
Total: one hundred fifty.
On the author of Psalm I and II
The psalms after the first and second which are without superscriptions, and those which have a superscription but do not indicate whose they are, the children of the Hebrews say belong to those whose name is borne in the superscriptions placed before the anonymous ones. But I consider the first and second, being both one, to belong to David because all the psalms in the first part of the Psalter in order are his. At any rate, from the third up to the fortieth, all are inscribed as of David. Therefore it seems to me that both the first and the second belong to the same author.
The book of the Acts of the Apostles confirms this account, in which it is said: "Master, you made the heaven and the earth and the sea and everything in them; the mouth of your son David, our father, speaking through the Holy Spirit, said: 'Why did nations and peoples rage?'" For clearly through these words it declared the second psalm to be of David. It is likely that the superscription of David was passed over in silence for this one because it contains a bare prophecy concerning the Lord, in which it is said: "against the Lord and against his Christ"; to which it accordingly adds from the very person of Christ: "The Lord said to me: 'You are my son.'
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De ordine psalmorum
Ἐν τῇ ἑβραϊκῇ βίβλῳ τῶν Ψαλμῶν ἄνευ τῆς τοῦ ἀριθμοῦ προσθήκης ἀνεγράφησαν οἱ πάντες καὶ διαφόρως· οἱ μέν εἰσι συνημμένοι, οἱ δὲ διῃρημένοι. αὐτίκα γοῦν ὁ πρῶτος καὶ δεύτερος συνημμένοι εἰσὶ κατὰ τὸ ἑβραϊκόν· καὶ πάλιν ὁ ἔνατος, συνημμένος παρ’ ἡμῖν, ἐν τῷ ἑβραϊκῷ διῄρηται εἰς δύο.
Καὶ πᾶσα δὲ ἡ τῶν Ψαλμῶν βίβλος εἰς μέρη πέντε διῄρηται.
Παρατηρητέον δέ, ὅτι μὴ κατὰ ἀκολουθίαν τῶν τῆς ἱστορίας χρόνων ἡ τῶν ψαλμῶν σύγκειται τάξις· ἐνήλλακται δὲ παρὰ πολὺ τοῖς χρόνοις, καθὼς ἡ βίβλος τῶν Βασιλειῶν δηλοῖ.
Πολλῆς γὰρ εἰδωλολατρείας κατακρατησάσης τοῦ Ἰουδαίων ἔθνους λήθην αὐτοὺς πεποιῆσθαι τῶν πατρίων γραφῶν, ὡς μηδὲ φαίνεσθαι βίβλον τοῦ Μωσέως νόμου, μηδὲ μνήμην τῆς τῶν πατέρων εὐσεβείας σώζεσθαι παρ’ αὐτοῖς. οὕτω γοῦν καὶ τοὺς προφήτας ἀνῄρουν διελέγχοντας αὐτῶν τὰς δυσσεβείας· καὶ τούτων ἕνεκα τὸ πρῶτον τῇ τῶν Ἀσσυρίων παρεδόθησαν αἰχμαλωσίᾳ.
Οὐδὲν οὖν θαυμαστὸν ἐν τοιαύτῃ καταστάσει καιρῶν καὶ τὰ ἐμφερομένα τῇ βίβλῳ τῶν Ψαλμῶν διαπεπτωκέναι λήθῃ τε μακροῖς παραδεδόσθαι χρόνοις· ὕστερον δὲ μετὰ ταῦτα εἴτε Ἔσδραν εἴτε τινὰ ἕτερον προφητῶν περὶ τὴν συναγωγὴν αὐτῶν ἐσπουδακέναι, μετά τε τῶν λοιπῶν καὶ τὴν βίβλον τῶν Ψαλμῶν συναγηοχέναι, οὐκ ἀθρόως εὑρόντα τοὺς πάντας, ἀλλὰ κατὰ διαφόρους χρόνους, κατατάττειν δὲ ἐν πρώτοις τοὺς πρώτους εὑρισκομένους·
English
On the Order of the Psalms
In the Hebrew book of the Psalms, all were inscribed without the addition of the number and in various ways: some are joined together, others are divided. For instance, the first and second are joined together according to the Hebrew; and again, the ninth, which is joined together among us, is divided into two in the Hebrew.
And the entire book of the Psalms is divided into five parts.
It must be observed that the order of the psalms is not composed according to the sequence of the times of history; it is greatly altered with respect to the times, as the book of Kings makes clear.
For when much idolatry had taken hold of the Jewish nation, they had fallen into forgetfulness of the ancestral scriptures, so that the book of the law of Moses was not to be seen, nor was any memory of the piety of the fathers preserved among them. Thus, for example, they also put to death the prophets who reproved their impieties; and because of these things, they were first handed over to the captivity of the Assyrians.
It is therefore not surprising that in such a state of times, the contents of the book of the Psalms also fell into oblivion and were consigned to long ages of neglect; but later, after these events, either Ezra or some other prophet was diligent about their collection, and together with the rest, gathered the book of the Psalms, not finding all at once, but at different times, and placed first those that were found first.
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διὸ μηδὲ τοῦ Δαυὶδ ἐφεξῆς κεῖσθαι τοὺς πάντας, ἐν δὲ τῷ μεταξὺ καὶ τῶν υἱῶν Κορὲ καὶ τοῦ Ἀσὰφ καὶ Σολομῶνος καὶ Μωσέως Αἰθάμ τε καὶ Αἰμὰν καὶ πάλιν τοῦ Δαυὶδ εὑρίσκεσθαι ἀναμὶξ ἐν τῇ βίβλῳ κατατεταγμένους, οὐ καθ’ οὓς ἐλέχθησαν χρόνους, ἀλλὰ καθ’ οὓς εὕρηνται· ἔνθεν τε συμβῆναι τοὺς τοῖς χρόνοις ὑστέρους πρώτους εὑρεθέντας ἀναληφθῆναι προτέρους, καὶ τοὺς τοῖς χρόνοις προτέρους μετὰ ταῦτα εὑρημένους ἐν δευτέρᾳ καταταγῆναι χώρᾳ.
Τὸ δ’ αὐτὸ εὕροις γεγενημένον καὶ ἐν τοῖς προφήταις.
νη. ὅτε ἀπέστειλεν Σαοὺλ τοῦ θανατῶσαι αὐτόν.
λγ. ὅτε Δαυὶδ ἔρχεται εἰς Νομβᾶ πρὸς Ἀβιμέλεκ.
νϛ. εἰς τὸ σπήλαιον τοῦ Ὀδολλάμ.
να. τὸν Δαυὶδ διαβάλλει Δωήκ.
ξβ. εἰς τὴν ἔρημον τῆς Ἰουδαίας φεύγει Δαυίδ.
νγ. οἱ Ζιφαῖοι διαβάλλουσιν τὸν Δαυὶδ ἐν τῷ σπηλαίῳ.
νε. οἱ ἀλλόφυλοι ἐν Γέθ.
νθ. μετὰ τὸν θάνατον Σαούλ.
ν. ὅτε ἦλθεν πρὸς αὐτὸν Νάθαν ὁ προφήτης.
γ. ὅτε ἀπεδίδρασκεν ἀπὸ προσώπου Ἀβεσσαλὼμ τοῦ υἱοῦ αὐτοῦ.
English
Therefore, not all the psalms of David are placed in sequence, but in between are found those of the sons of Korah, Asaph, Solomon, Moses, Aetham, and Aiman, and again David, intermingled and arranged in the book not according to the times when they were spoken, but according to when they were discovered. Hence it happens that those later in time, having been found first, are taken up earlier, and those earlier in time, having been found later, are placed in a secondary position.
You would find the same thing occurring also among the prophets.
58. When Saul sent to put him to death.
33. When David comes to Nob to Abimelech.
56. Into the cave of Adullam.
51. Doeg slanders David.
62. David flees into the wilderness of Judah.
53. The Ziphites slander David in the cave.
55. The Philistines in Gath.
59. After the death of Saul.
50. When Nathan the prophet came to him.
3. When he fled from the face of his son Absalom.
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ζ. ὑπὲρ τῶν λόγων Χουσὶ υἱοῦ Ἰεμενεῖ.
Ἡ ἱστορία τῶν ψαλμῶν ταύτην ἔχει τὴν ἀκολουθίαν, ἐνήλλακται δὲ τῷ τῆς εὑρέσεως χρόνῳ.
De diapsalmate
Ἔγραψαν τὸ διάψαλμα οἱ ἑρμηνεύσαντες τέσσαρες ἄρχοντες, οἳ ἐξελέγοντο ὑπὸ Δαυὶδ τοῦ βασιλέως ἐκ τῆς φυλῆς Λευί· Ἀσάφ, υἱὸς Κορὲ Αἰμάν, Αἰθάμ, Ἰδιθούμ· τούτοις ἀριθμὸς ᾠδῶν παρακολουθεῖ σπη ἕκαστος ἔχων οβ. οὗτοι ἵσταντο ἐνώπιον τοῦ θυσιαστηρίου τοῦ ἁγιάσματος κυρίου αἰνοῦντες τὸν πάντων δεσπότην, ὃς μὲν κύμβαλοις, ὃς δὲ ψαλτηρίῳ, ὃς δὲ κιννύρᾳ, ὃς δὲ κερατίνῃ, ὃς δὲ κιθάρᾳ· ὧν μέσος ἵστατο Δαυὶδ αὐτὸς ἄρχων ἀρχόντων τῶν ᾠδῶν κρατῶν ἐπὶ χεῖρας τὸ ψαλτήριον. ἕκαστος δὲ πνεύματι ἁγίῳ κινούμενος ὕμνει τὸν θεόν, καὶ πάντες ἐπεφώνουν σὺν τῷ ψάλλοντι· ἀλληλούϊα. ὁπηνίκα δ’ ἄν πρὸς βραχὺ ἡ τοῦ ἁγίου πνεύματος ἀπέστη χάρις τῶν ὀργάνων λοιπὸν μὴ κινουμένων, τὸ τηνικαῦτα εἰκὸς καὶ τὸ διάψαλμα ἔγραφον, ἐν οἵῳ δ’ ἂν ψαλμῷ καὶ στίχῳ ἐντύγχανον.
English
Concerning the words of Chousi son of Iemenei.
The history of the psalms has this sequence, but it is altered by the time of their discovery.
Concerning the diapsalma
The four rulers who translated wrote the diapsalma, who were chosen by King David from the tribe of Levi: Asaph, son of Kore Aiman, Aetham, Idithoum. A number of odes accompanies these, each having seventy-two. These stood before the altar of the sanctuary of the Lord, praising the master of all, some with cymbals, some with psalterion, some with kinnura, some with keratine, some with kithara. In their midst stood David himself, ruler of the rulers of the odes, holding the psalterion in his hands. Each, moved by the Holy Spirit, hymned God, and all joined in with the singer, crying out: Alleluia. Whenever the grace of the Holy Spirit withdrew for a short time, the instruments no longer being moved, then it was fitting that they wrote the diapsalma, in whatever psalm and verse they happened upon.
Citation. Tergwame, “Prologi varii”, pta0003.pta019:1, machine-draft, 2026. https://naxiai.com/christian/works/pta0003.pta019#s1
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