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In seipsum ad patrem et Basilium magnum

Gregory of Nazianzus · khazarzar

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machine-draft · no human review 4 passages · 983 words

Work dossier · summary and historical context

Summary

Gregory of Nazianzus (c. 330–c. 390) composed this poem late in life, likely after 380, as a personal reflection addressed to his father and Basil the Great. The work explores themes of self-examination, filial piety, and spiritual friendship, blending direct address with theological reflection. It survives in the Greek manuscript tradition of Gregory's poems, transmitted alongside his orations and letters in Byzantine collections. The poem influenced monastic spirituality but was not widely cited in later Byzantine liturgy or canon law. The English draft may obscure Gregory's rhetorical structure, and readers should consult the Greek for precise phrasing. The edition (khazarzar) provides no critical apparatus or manuscript variants.

This poem is significant for its intimate portrayal of Gregory's personal spirituality and his ideal of friendship as a means of divine enrichment. It offers insight into late antique Christian self-examination and the role of filial piety in monastic contexts. The work relates to Gregory's other poems and to Basil's writings on friendship and asceticism.

Historical context

Gregory of Nazianzus (c. 330–c. 390) was a Cappadocian Father, bishop, and theologian who played a key role in the development of Trinitarian doctrine. This poem was likely written after 380, during his later years when he had withdrawn from active ecclesiastical life. It is addressed to his father (also Gregory, bishop of Nazianzus) and his close friend Basil the Great (c. 330–379), reflecting on their relationships and his own spiritual journey. The poem belongs to the genre of personal theological reflection, common in late antique Christian poetry. It was transmitted in Byzantine manuscripts alongside Gregory's orations and letters, but its limited liturgical use suggests it was valued more for private devotion and monastic spirituality. The text's survival in a single-source edition without collation raises questions about its textual stability.

Apparatus · what the pipeline recorded

Annotation and terms

23 commentary units 5 scripture5 background4 structure3 sense3 term2 reception1 caution 0 derived notes 6 open questions 4 narrative
What the kinds mean

Pipeline notes

  • coverageNo English translation could be identified: a language model asked twice could not name one, though it could not rule one out either. That is not proof that none exists — translations in dissertations, recent books and other modern languages are easily missed.
  • limitThe English is a machine draft produced passage by passage from the transcribed Coptic; no human has verified it. The commentary is model-written and cites only keys the pipeline could resolve.
  • registerRegister: other in ancient Greek; the English keeps the liturgical formulae and the vocatives rather than normalising them.
  • structurePassages: 4 narrative.
  • sourceSource edition: khazarzar — Migne PG text (public domain); khazarzar host and the digitising project state no licence for this layer

Term index

CopticRenderingCountFirst
no glossary terms recorded
khazarzar-gregory-of-nazianzus-in-seipsum-ad-patrem-et-basilium-magnum:1 · narrativehigh
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ΛΟΓΟΣ Ιʹ. Εἰς ἑαυτὸν, καὶ εἰς τὸν πατέρα καὶ Βασίλειον τὸν μέγαν, μετὰ τὴν ἐπάνοδον ἐκ φυ-γῆς. Αʹ. Οὐδὲν ἰσχυρότερον γήρως, καὶ οὐδὲν φιλίας αἰδεσιμώτερον. Ὑπὸ τούτων ἤχθην ὑμῖν ἐγὼ δέσμιος ἐν Χριστῷ, δεθεὶς οὐκ ἀλύσεσι σιδηραῖς, ἀλλὰ τοῖς ἀλύτοις δεσμοῖς τοῦ Πνεύματος. Τέως δὲ ᾤμην ἰσχυ ρὸς εἶναί τις καὶ ἀήττητος, καὶ, ὦ τῆς ἀλογίας! οὐκ ἐδίδουν τοὺς λόγους οὐδὲ τοῖς ἐμοῖς ἐρασταῖς τούτοις καὶ ἀδελφοῖς, ἵν' ἔχω τὴν ἀπραγμοσύνην, καὶ τὸ φιλοσοφεῖν ἐν ἡσυχίᾳ, πάντα παρεὶς τοῖς βουλομένοις, ἐμαυτῷ δὲ προσλαλῶν καὶ τῷ Πνεύματι. Ἡλίου περιενόουν τὸν Κάρμηλον, καὶ Ἰωάννου τὴν ἔρημον, καὶ τῶν οὕτω φιλοσοφούντων τὸ ὑπερκόσμιον· καὶ ζάλην τὰ παρόντα ἐνόμιζον, καὶ πέτραν τινὰ ἐζή τουν, ἢ κρημνὸν, ἢ τειχίον, ὑφ' οἷς σκεπασθήσομαι. Ἄλλων, ἔλεγον, ἔστωσαν αἱ τιμαὶ καὶ οἱ πόνοι, ἄλλων οἱ πόλεμοι καὶ τὰ νικητήρια· ἐμοὶ δὲ ἀρκείτω φεύγοντι τοὺς πολέμους, εἰς ἐμαυτὸν βλέποντι ζῇν οὕτως, ὅπως ἂν δύνωμαι, καθάπερ ἐπὶ λεπτῆς σχε δίας διαπεραιουμένῳ μικρόν τι πέλαγος· καὶ μικρὰν τὴν ἐκεῖθεν μονὴν, τῷ πενιχρῷ τῆς ἐντεῦθεν πο λιτείας κατακτωμένῳ. Ταπεινοτέρων ὁ λογι σμὸς ἴσως, ἀλλ' οὖν ἀσφαλεστέρων· ἴσον ἀπ έχειν καὶ ὕψους καὶ πτώματος. Βʹ. Ταῦτα ἕως ἐξῆν γράφειν ἔτι σκιὰς καὶ ὀνείρατα, καὶ τοῖς ματαίοις ἀναπλασμοῖς ἑστιᾷν τὴν διά νοιαν· νῦν δὲ τί; Φιλία παρεστήσατό με, καὶ πολιὰ πατρὸς ἐχειρώσατο· γῆρας φρονήσεως, προθεσμία βίου, λιμὴν ἀσφαλέστερος, καὶ φιλία πλου τοῦντος Θεῷ, καὶ πλουτίζοντος. Ἤδη γὰρ ἀποπέμπομαι τὴν ὀργήν (ἀκουσάτωσαν πραεῖς, καὶ εὐφρανθήτωσαν)·
English
Tenth Oration. To Himself, and to His Father and Basil the Great, after His Return from Exile. 1. Nothing is stronger than old age, and nothing is more venerable than friendship. By these I was led to you, a captive in Christ, bound not by iron chains, but by the indissoluble bonds of the Spirit. Until now I thought I was someone strong and invincible, and—O the irrationality!—I was not yielding my discourses even to these my lovers and brothers, so that I might have freedom from affairs and philosophize in quiet, leaving everything to those who wished, while conversing with myself and the Spirit. I used to contemplate the Carmel of Elijah, and the desert of John, and the transcendence of those who philosophize thus; and I considered present circumstances a storm, and sought some rock, or cliff, or wall, under which I might be sheltered. Let others, I said, have honors and labors, others wars and victories; but let it suffice for me, fleeing wars and looking to myself, to live in such a way as I am able, as if crossing a small sea on a slender raft, and acquiring a brief stay there by the poverty of my conduct here. The reasoning is perhaps of a more humble sort, but at any rate safer: equally distant from both height and fall. 2. These things I did while it was still possible to write shadows and dreams, and to feast the mind on vain fancies. But now what? Friendship presented itself to me, and the gray hair of my father subdued me: old age of wisdom, term of life, a safer harbor, and friendship that enriches one in God and enriches. For now I dismiss my anger (let the gentle hear and rejoice).
khazarzar-gregory-of-nazianzus-in-seipsum-ad-patrem-et-basilium-magnum:2 · narrativehigh
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καὶ πρὸς τὴν χεῖρα ἥμερον βλέπω τὴν τυραννήσασαν, καὶ προσγελῶ τῷ Πνεύματι, καὶ ἡ καρδία καθίσταταί μοι, καὶ ὁ λογισμὸς ἐπανέρχεται, καὶ ἡ φιλία, καθάπερ τις φλὸξ, κατασβεσθεῖσα καὶ ἀπομαρανθεῖσα, πάλιν ἐκ μικροῦ σπινθῆρος ἀναζῇ καὶ ἀνάπτεται. Ἀπηνήνατο παρακληθῆναι ἡ ψυχή μου, καὶ ἠκηδίασεν ἐπ' ἐμὲ τὸ πνεῦμά μου. Εἶπα· Οὐ μὴ προσθῶ ἔτι πιστεῦσαι φιλίᾳ. Καὶ ἵνα τί μοι ἐλπίζειν ἐπ' ἄνθρωπον; ὅτι πᾶς ἄνθρωπος δολίως πορεύεται, καὶ πᾶς ἀδελφὸς πτέρνῃ πτερνιεῖ τὸν πλησίον αὐτοῦ, καὶ πάντες ἦμεν τοῦ αὐτοῦ χοὸς καὶ φυράματος, καὶ τοῦ αὐτοῦ ξύλου τῆς κα κίας γεγεύμεθα· σκηνὴν δὲ ἄλλος ἄλλην εὐπρεπεστέραν προβέβληται; καὶ τί μοι τῆς φιλίας ἐκείνης ὄφελος, ἔλεγον, τῆς ζηλωτῆς καὶ περιβοήτου, ἀρξαμένης ἀπὸ κόσμου, καὶ προελθούσης εἰς πνεῦ μα; Τί δαὶ τῆς μιᾶς στέγης τε καὶ τραπέζης; ἢ τί τῶν κοινῶν παιδευτῶν τε καὶ παιδευμάτων; τί δαὶ τῆς ὑπὲρ ἀδελφοὺς ἀνακράσεως, ἢ τῆς γνησίας συμπνοίας ὕστερον, εἰ μηδὲ τοσοῦτον ὑπῆρξέ μοι κά τω μένειν ἐν καιρῷ δυναστείας καὶ ὕψους, ὁπότε τὸ ἐναντίον τοῖς πολλοῖς σπουδάζεται καὶ ἐπι τυγχάνεται, τὸ παραδυναστεύειν λέγω, καὶ τῆς τῶν φίλων μετέχειν εὐημερίας; Γʹ. Τί μοι πάντα λέγειν τὰ τῆς λύπης καὶ τῆς ἀκηδίας, ἢν ζόφον ἐγὼ καλῶ, τοῦ νοῦ εὑρήματα; Καὶ γὰρ ταῦτα, καὶ τούτων ἦν ἀτοπώτερα· κατηγορήσω γὰρ αὐτὸς ἐγὼ τῆς ἐμῆς εἴτε ἀπονοίας εἴτε ἀνοίας. Ἀλλὰ νῦν μεταλαμβάνω καὶ μεθαρμόζομαι ὡς πολὺ τούτων καὶ ἀληθέστερα, καὶ ἡμῖν πρεπωδέ στερα.
English
and I look gently upon the hand that tyrannized me, and I smile at the Spirit, and my heart is restored, and my reason returns, and friendship, like a flame that was extinguished and withered, is rekindled and blazes up again from a small spark. My soul refused to be consoled, and my spirit grew weary within me. I said: I will never again trust in friendship. And why should I place hope in a human being? For every man walks deceitfully, and every brother will trip his neighbor, and we all are of the same dust and clay, and we have tasted of the same tree of evil; but has one person put on a more seemly appearance than another? And what benefit was that friendship to me, I said, that enviable and celebrated one, which began from the world and advanced into the Spirit? What then of the single roof and table? Or what of the common teachers and teachings? What of the union closer than that of brothers, or the genuine harmony afterward, if not even this much was granted me, to remain steadfast in a time of power and high station, when the opposite is sought and attained by the many—I mean to share in power and to partake of the good fortune of friends? 3. Why should I recount all the things of grief and despondency, which I call darkness, the inventions of the mind? For these things, and things more absurd than these, I will myself accuse my own folly or madness. But now I change and adapt myself, as these things are far more true and more fitting for us.
khazarzar-gregory-of-nazianzus-in-seipsum-ad-patrem-et-basilium-magnum:3 · narrativehigh
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Καὶ ἵνα εἰδῇς τὸ γνήσιον τῆς ἡμετέρας μεταβολῆς, ὦ θαυμάσιε, οὐ λύεις μόνον τὴν σιωπὴν ἣν ἐμέμψω, καὶ ἧς πολλὰ κατεβόησας, ἀλλὰ καὶ συνηγόρους ἔχεις τοὺς λόγους. Τοῦτο μὲν ἤδη τῆς ἡμετέρας φιλίας καθαρῶς, καὶ τοῦ ἐν ἡμῖν Πνεύματος. Ἀλλὰ τίς ἡ συνηγορία; καὶ εἴ τι ἁμαρτάνω, αὐτὸς ἐπανόρ θου, ὥσπερ καὶ τἄλλα εἴωθας. Οὐκ ἤνεγκας τὸ πνεῦ μα τῆς φιλίας ποιῆσαι δεύτερον· ἐπεὶ τῶν μὲν ἄλλων ἴσως ἡμεῖς, ἡμῶν δὲ τὸ Πνεῦμά σοι πολλῷ τιμιώτερον. Οὐκ ἤνεγκας ἐν τῇ γῇ κατακεκρύφθαι καὶ κατωρύχθαι τὸ τάλαντον· οὐκ ἤνεγκας ἐπὶ πολὺ τὸν λύχνον τῷ μοδίῳ περικαλύπτεσθαι, ὅτι δὴ τοῦτο τὸ ἐμὸν φῶς, καὶ τὴν ἐμὴν ἐργασίαν ὑπολαμβάνεις. Ἐζήτησας τῷ Παύλῳ σοι προστεθῆναι καὶ τὸν Βαρνάβαν· ἐζήτησας Σιλουανῷ καὶ Τιμοθέῳ προσ γενέσθαι καὶ Τίτον, ἵνα σοι τρέχῃ τὸ χάρισμα διὰ τῶν γνησίως ὑπὲρ σοῦ μεριμνώντων, καὶ κύκλῳ ἀπὸ Ἱερουσαλὴμ μέχρι τοῦ Ἰλλυρικοῦ πληρώσῃς τὸ Εὐαγγέλιον. Δʹ. Διὰ τοῦτο εἰς μέσον ἄγεις, καὶ ὑποχωροῦν τος λαμβάνῃ, καὶ παρὰ σεαυτὸν καθίζεις· τοῦτο τὸ ἐμὸν ἀδίκημα, φαίης ἂν, καὶ κοινωνὸν ποιῇ τῶν φροντίδων καὶ τῶν στεφάνων. Διὰ τοῦτο χρίεις ἀρχιερέα, καὶ περιβάλλεις τὸν ποδήρη, καὶ περι τίθης τὴν κίδαριν, καὶ προσάγεις τῷ θυσιαστη ρίῳ τῆς πνευματικῆς ὁλοκαυτώσεως, καὶ θύεις τὸν μόσχον τῆς τελειώσεως, καὶ τελειοῖς τὰς χεῖρας τῷ Πνεύματι, καὶ εἰσάγεις εἰς τὰ Ἅγια τῶν ἁγίων ἐποπτεύσοντα, καὶ ποιεῖς λειτουργὸν τῆς σκηνῆς τῆς ἀληθινῆς, ἣν ἔπηξεν ὁ Κύριος καὶ, οὐκ ἄνθρωπος.
English
And that you may know the genuineness of our change, O wonderful one, you not only break the silence which you blamed and against which you cried out so much, but you also have the discourses as your advocates. This already is a clear sign of our friendship and of the Spirit in us. But what is the advocacy? And if I err in any way, correct it yourself, as you are accustomed to do in other matters. You could not bear that the Spirit of friendship be made secondary; for perhaps we are of less account than others, but the Spirit is far more precious to you than we are. You could not bear that the talent be hidden and buried in the earth; you could not bear that the lamp be long covered by the bushel, because you consider this my light and my work. You sought to have Barnabas added to your Paul; you sought to have Titus added to Silvanus and Timothy, so that the gift might run for you through those who genuinely care for you, and that you might fill the Gospel in a circle from Jerusalem to Illyricum. 4. For this reason you bring me forward, and take hold of me as I withdraw, and seat me beside yourself; this is my wrong, you would say, and you make me a partner in your cares and your crowns. For this reason you anoint me high priest, and clothe me in the long robe, and place the mitre on me, and lead me to the altar of spiritual holocaust, and sacrifice the calf of perfection, and consecrate my hands with the Spirit, and bring me into the Holy of Holies to behold, and make me a minister of the true tabernacle, which the Lord, and not man, pitched.
khazarzar-gregory-of-nazianzus-in-seipsum-ad-patrem-et-basilium-magnum:4 · narrativehigh
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Εἰ δὲ καὶ ἄξιον ὑμῶν τε τῶν χριόντων, καὶ ὑπὲρ οὗ, καὶ εἰς ὃν ἡ χρίσις, οἶδε τοῦτο ὁ Πα τὴρ τοῦ ἀληθινοῦ καὶ ὄντως Χριστοῦ, ὃν ἔχρισεν ἔλαιον ἀγαλλιάσεως παρὰ τοὺς μετόχους αὐτοῦ, χρίσας τὴν ἀνθρωπότητα τῇ θεότητι, ὥστε ποιῆσαι τὰ ἀμφότερα ἕν· καὶ αὐτὸς ὁ Θεὸς καὶ Κύριος ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦς Χριστὸς, δι' οὗ τὴν καταλλαγὴν ἐσχήκαμεν, καὶ τὸ Πνεῦμα τὸ ἅγιον, ὃ ἔθετο ἡμᾶς εἰς τὴν δια κονίαν ταύτην, ἐν ᾗ καὶ ἑστήκαμεν, καὶ καυχώμεθα ἐπ' ἐλπίδι τῆς δόξης τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, ᾧ ἡ δόξα εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας τῶν αἰώνων. Ἀμήν.
English
If indeed it is worthy both of you who anoint and of the one for whom and into whom the anointing is made, this the Father knows—the Father of the true and real Christ, whom he anointed with the oil of exultation beyond his partakers, anointing the humanity with the divinity so as to make both one—and God himself and our Lord Jesus Christ, through whom we have obtained reconciliation, and the Holy Spirit, who placed us in this ministry, in which we stand and boast in hope of the glory of our Lord Jesus Christ, to whom is glory unto the ages of ages. Amen.
Citation. Tergwame, “In seipsum ad patrem et Basilium magnum”, khazarzar-gregory-of-nazianzus-in-seipsum-ad-patrem-et-basilium-magnum:1, machine-draft, 2026. https://naxiai.com/christian/works/khazarzar-gregory-of-nazianzus-in-seipsum-ad-patrem-et-basilium-magnum#s1
Colophon. Source: khazarzar · licence: Migne PG text (public domain); khazarzar host and the digitising project state no licence for this layer · model: deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash:floor · provider: Relace · cost: $0.0024 · generated 2026-11-15.