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Ad episcopos qui sunt in Libya et Pentapoli

Cyril of Alexandria · khazarzar

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JSON Dossier
machine-draft · no human review 2 passages · 425 words

Work dossier · summary and historical context

Summary

Cyril of Alexandria's letter to the bishops of Libya and Pentapolis, written in Greek after the Council of Ephesus (431) but before the Formula of Reunion (433), addresses Christological controversies stemming from Nestorianism. The work survives in a single Greek manuscript tradition with lacunae, and was cited at the Fifth Ecumenical Council (553) as a witness to Cyrillian Christology. It was also translated into Syriac and used in Miaphysite circles. The letter exhorts bishops to maintain doctrinal discipline and proper ordination practices, reflecting Cyril's authority over Egyptian ecclesiastical affairs. The text includes a preface and numbered sections, with later editorial rubrics organizing its canonical use.

This letter is a key witness to Cyril's Christological arguments during the Nestorian controversy and was cited at the Fifth Ecumenical Council (553) as authoritative. Its Syriac translation and use in Miaphysite circles show its enduring influence in later Christological debates. The work also provides insight into early 5th-century ecclesiastical discipline and Cyril's pastoral authority over Egyptian bishops.

Historical context

Cyril wrote this letter in the early 430s, following the Council of Ephesus (431) which condemned Nestorius, but before the Formula of Reunion (433) that sought to reconcile Antiochene and Alexandrian Christologies. The letter was addressed to bishops in Libya and Pentapolis, regions under Cyril's patriarchal jurisdiction in Egypt. The Greek text survives in a single manuscript tradition, with lacunae, and was later cited at the Fifth Ecumenical Council (553) to support Cyrillian Christology. It was also translated into Syriac and used in Miaphysite circles, indicating its importance in later Christological debates. The letter's concern with clerical discipline and ordination practices reflects ongoing efforts to standardize ecclesiastical governance in the post-Nicene church.

Apparatus · what the pipeline recorded

Annotation and terms

12 commentary units 3 term2 structure2 background2 reception1 scripture1 parallel1 caution 1 derived notes 2 open questions 2 narrative
What the kinds mean

Pipeline notes

  • coverageNo English translation could be identified: a language model asked twice could not name one, though it could not rule one out either. That is not proof that none exists — translations in dissertations, recent books and other modern languages are easily missed.
  • limitThe English is a machine draft produced passage by passage from the transcribed Coptic; no human has verified it. The commentary is model-written and cites only keys the pipeline could resolve.
  • registerRegister: other in ancient Greek; the English keeps the liturgical formulae and the vocatives rather than normalising them.
  • structurePassages: 2 narrative.
  • caution1 passage(s) are fragmentary in the source; the English bridges each break and says so in the note.
  • sourceSource edition: khazarzar — Migne PG text (public domain); khazarzar host and the digitising project state no licence for this layer

Term index

CopticRenderingCountFirst
no glossary terms recorded
khazarzar-cyril-of-alexandria-ad-episcopos-qui-sunt-in-libya-et-pentapoli:1 · narrativehigh
Source
ΤΟΥ ΑΥΤΟΥ ΤΟΙΣ ΚΑΤΑ ΛΙΒΥΗΝ ΚΑΙ ΠΕΝΤΑΠΟΛΙΝ ΕΠΙΣΚΟΠΟΙΣ Δ [Προοίμιον] Παντὸς τοῦ χρησίμου καὶ ἀναγκαίου πρὸς οἰκοδομὴν τῶν λαῶν, τελοῦντος δὲ καὶ εἰς ὑπόληψιν τῶν ἁγίων ἐκκλησιῶν, φροντίδα ποιεῖσθαι χρή· γέγραπται γάρ, ὅτι εὐλαβεῖς ποιεῖτε τοὺς υἱοὺς Ἰσραήλ. Μοναστηρίων τοίνυν πατέρες τῶν κατὰ τὴν Θηβαίων ἐπαρχίαν, ἄνδρες εὐλαβεῖς καὶ οὐκ ἀθαύμαστον ἔχοντες πολιτείαν, ἐλθόντες ἐν Ἀλεξανδρείᾳ, ἐρωτώμενοί τε παρ' ἐμοῦ τὴν κατάστασιν τῶν αὐτόσε μοναστηρίων, ἐδίδασκον ὅτι σκανδαλίζονται πολλοὶ διὰ τοιαύτην αἰτίαν. (α) Περὶ τοῦ ἀνεξετάστως μὴ χειροτονεῖν. Νεωστὶ γεγαμηκότες τινὲς καὶ οἷον ἐξ αὐτῶν καταβάντες τῶν νυμφώνων, συναρπάζουσί τινας τῶν θεοφιλεστάτων ἐπισκόπων, καὶ οὐδενὸς τάχα που τὰ κατ' αὐτοὺς ἀπαγγέλλοντος, χειροτονοῦνται κληρικοί, ἢ γοῦν πρεσβύτεροι. (β) Περὶ τῶν ἐκ μοναστηρίων ἐξερχομένων καὶ χειροτονουμένων. Ἕτεροι δέ τινες ἐξ αὐτῶν τῶν μοναστηρίων ὡς ἄτακτοι ἐκβαλλόμενοι, πάλιν ὑποτρέχουσι τὰς χειροτονίας, καὶ γενόμενοι κληρικοὶ εἰσέρχονται καὶ ἐν αὐτοῖς τοῖς μοναστηρίοις, ὅθεν ἐκβέβληνται, καὶ βούλονται προσφέρειν καὶ ὅσα κληρικοῖς ἔθος πληροῦν· καὶ ταῦτα δρᾶν, ὡς καί τινας τῶν εἰδότων αὐτοὺς παραιτεῖσθαι καὶ τὰς συνάξεις καὶ μὴ ἀνέχεσθαι κοινωνεῖν λειτουργούντων ἐκείνων. (γ) Περὶ τοῦ πῶς καὶ πότε δεῖ χειροτονεῖν καὶ τίνα δεῖ ἐξετάζειν. Ἐπειδὴ τοίνυν πρὸς οἰκοδομήν, ὡς ἔφην, τῶν λαῶν πάντα χρὴ πράττεσθαι παρ' ἡμῶν, ἐπιτηρείτω ταῦτα ἡ θεοσέβεια ὑμῶν·
English
Of the same author, to the bishops in Libya and Pentapolis. [Preface] It is necessary to take care of everything useful and necessary for the edification of the people, and which also contributes to the reputation of the holy churches; for it is written, "You make the sons of Israel reverent." Therefore, fathers of monasteries in the province of the Thebaid, reverent men of no mean manner of life, having come to Alexandria and being asked by me about the condition of the monasteries there, taught that many are scandalized for the following reason. (a) Concerning not ordaining without examination. Some who have recently married and, as it were, come down from the bridal chambers themselves, seize some of the most God-loving bishops, and with no one perhaps reporting their circumstances, they are ordained as clerics, or at least as presbyters. (b) Concerning those who leave monasteries and are ordained. Others, being cast out of the monasteries themselves as disorderly, again insinuate themselves into ordinations, and having become clerics, they enter even into the very monasteries from which they have been expelled, and wish to offer and to fulfill all that is customary for clerics; and they do these things, even as some who know them decline the assemblies and refuse to commune when those men are officiating. (c) Concerning how and when one ought to ordain and what one ought to examine. Since, therefore, everything must be done by us for the edification, as I said, of the people, let your piety attend to these matters.
khazarzar-cyril-of-alexandria-ad-episcopos-qui-sunt-in-libya-et-pentapoli:2 · narrativehigh
Source
καὶ εἰ μέλλοι τις χειροτονεῖσθαι κληρικός, περιεργαζέσθω τὸν βίον αὐτοῦ, καὶ πότερόν ποτε γαμετὴν ἔχει ἢ οὔ, καὶ πῶς ἢ πότε ἠγάγετο, καὶ εἰ ἀπέσχετο· καὶ εἰ μή τίς ἐστι τῶν ἐκβεβλημένων ἢ παρ' ἑτέρου θεοσεβεστάτου ἐπισκόπου ἢ ἐκ μοναστηρίων· καὶ τότε χειροτονείτω, ἀδιάβλητον εὑρεθέντα. Τηρήσομεν γὰρ οὕτω καθαρὸν καὶ τὸ ἑαυτῶν συνειδὸς καὶ ἀδιάβλητον τὴν ἱερὰν καὶ σεπτὴν λειτουργίαν. Ε Περὶ τῶν κατηχουμένων καὶ μετανοούντων, εἰ τοῦ τέλους ἐγγίζοιεν. Ἐὰν δὲ χωρισμὸν ὑπομείνωσί τινες ἐπιτιμηθέντες πταισμάτων ἕνεκα, εἶτα μέλλωσι τελευτᾶν, κατηχούμενοι ὄντες, βαπτιζέσθωσαν, καὶ μὴ ἀποδημείτωσαν τῶν ἀνθρωπίνων ἀμέτοχοι τῆς χάριτος, ἤγουν ἀκοινώνητοι· δοκεῖ γὰρ προσέχειν καὶ τοῦτο τοῖς τῆς ἐκκλησίας θεσμοῖς. Προσείπατε τὴν παρ' ὑμῖν ἀδελφότητα· ὑμᾶς ἡ σὺν ἡμῖν ἐν κυρίῳ προσαγορεύει.
English
and if someone is about to be ordained a cleric, his life should be examined, and whether he has a wife or not, and how or when he married, and if he has abstained; and if he is not one of those who have been expelled either by another most reverend bishop or from monasteries; and then let him ordain him, when he is found blameless. For in this way we will keep both our own conscience clear and the sacred and venerable liturgy blameless. V. Concerning catechumens and penitents, if they are approaching the end. But if some who have been subjected to excommunication on account of offenses should suffer separation, and then are about to die, being catechumens, let them be baptized, and let them not depart from human life without a share of grace, that is, without communion; for this too seems to be in keeping with the canons of the Church. Greet the brotherhood among you; those with us greet you in the Lord.
Citation. Tergwame, “Ad episcopos qui sunt in Libya et Pentapoli”, khazarzar-cyril-of-alexandria-ad-episcopos-qui-sunt-in-libya-et-pentapoli:1, machine-draft, 2026. https://naxiai.com/christian/works/khazarzar-cyril-of-alexandria-ad-episcopos-qui-sunt-in-libya-et-pentapoli#s1
Colophon. Source: khazarzar · licence: Migne PG text (public domain); khazarzar host and the digitising project state no licence for this layer · model: deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash:floor · provider: Relace · cost: $0.0016 · generated 2026-11-15.