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Syriac · Other · mid-4th century

Nativity 6

Ephrem the Syrian · syriac

BothSourceEnglish
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machine-draft · no human review 4 passages · 989 words

Work dossier · summary and historical context

Summary

Nativity 6 is a madrāšâ (metrical hymn) attributed to Ephrem the Syrian, composed for liturgical performance in the mid-4th century, likely after 363 CE. The hymn celebrates the Nativity of Christ, weaving together typological and christological themes. It survives in Syriac manuscripts from the 5th–6th centuries and is part of the East Syriac liturgical cycle for the season of Subara (Annunciation). The text includes antiphonal responses and reflects early Syriac poetic and theological traditions. Attribution to Ephrem is traditional but not entirely secure for every stanza, as some verses may be later additions.

This hymn exemplifies early Syriac christological poetry, using typology and antiphonal structure to articulate the dual natures of Christ. It is a key witness to the liturgical and theological traditions of the Syriac-speaking churches in the 4th century and demonstrates the integration of biblical exegesis, poetic form, and communal worship. Its continued use in East Syriac liturgy underscores its enduring importance.

Historical context

Ephrem the Syrian (ca. 306–373 CE) was a deacon, poet, and theologian active in Nisibis and later Edessa. He composed madrāšê for liturgical use, often in response to theological controversies such as Arianism and Marcionism. This hymn on the Nativity belongs to his mature period, after the Roman cession of Nisibis to Persia in 363 CE, when Ephrem moved to Edessa. The Syriac text survives in multiple manuscripts, with the earliest witnesses from the 5th–6th centuries. The present edition is based on the critical text by the Desreumaux–Séd–Cassin project. The hymn was incorporated into the East Syriac liturgical cycle of the Nativity and is still chanted during Subara. Its stanzas are echoed in later Syriac and Arabic theological works, indicating its lasting influence.

Apparatus · what the pipeline recorded

Annotation and terms

24 commentary units 5 scripture4 background4 structure3 term3 parallel3 caution1 reception1 sense 2 derived notes 9 open questions 4 narrative
What the kinds mean

Pipeline notes

  • coverageNo English translation was located by an automated check of the source corpus and one library catalogue. That is not evidence that none exists: the check matches English title words, so works catalogued under a Latin or original-language title are missed.
  • limitThe English is a machine draft produced passage by passage from the transcribed Coptic; no human has verified it. The commentary is model-written and cites only keys the pipeline could resolve.
  • registerRegister: other in classical Syriac; the English keeps the liturgical formulae and the vocatives rather than normalising them.
  • structurePassages: 4 narrative.
  • caution2 passage(s) are fragmentary in the source; the English bridges each break and says so in the note.
  • sourceSource edition: syriac — CC BY 4.0

Term index

CopticRenderingCountFirst
no glossary terms recorded
dsc-554:1 · narrativehigh
Source
ܒܰܪ ܩܳܠܶܗ ܠܳܐ ܝܳܕܰܥ ܦܽܘܡܝ ܐܰܝܟܰܢ ܐܶܩܪܶܝܟ ܐܳܘ ܒܰܪ ܚܰܝܳܐ ܕܐܰܡܪܰܚ ܘܐܶܩܪܶܝܟ ܐܰܝܟ ܒܰܪ ܝܰܘܣܶܦ ܪܥܺܝܠܐ ܐ̱ܢܳܐ ܕܠܰܘ ܙܰܪܥܶܗ ܐܶܢܳܐ ܘܕܐܶܟܦܽܘܪ ܒܰܫܡܶܗ ܩܰܢܺܝܛܳܐ ܐܢܳܐ ܕܠܶܗ ܗܽܘ ܡܟܪ̈ܽܘܢܰܝ [ܥܽܘܢܺܝܬܳܐ : ܠܳܟ ܬܶܫܒܽܘܚܬܳܐ ܒܰܪ ܥܶܠܳܝܳܐ ܕܰܫܩܰܠ ܦܰܓܪܰܢ] ܟܰܕ ܒܰܪ ܚܰܕ ܐܰܢܬ ܐܶܩܪܶܝܟ ܡܶܟܺܝܠ ܒܰܪ ܣܰܓܺܝ̈ܶܐܐ ܕܠܳܐ ܣܳܦܩܺܝܢ ܠܳܟ ܪ̈ܶܒܽܘ ܣܰܓܺܝ̈ܶܐܐ ܕܠܳܐ ܣܳܦܩܺܝܢ ܠܳܟ ܪ̈ܶܒܽܘ ܫܡܳܗܺܝ̈ܢ ܕܒܰܪ ܐܰܠܳܗܳܐ ܐܰܢܬ ܐܳܦ ܒܰܪܢܳܫܳܐ ܐܳܦ ܒܰܪ ܝܰܘܣܶܦ ܐܳܦ ܒܰܪ ܕܰܘܺܝܕ ܘܡܳܪܳܗܿ ܕܡܰܪܝܰܡ ܡܰܢܽܘ ܝܺܗܶܠ ܠܶܗ ܠܰܕܠܳܐ ܦܽܘܡܳܐ ܡܳܪܶܐ ܦܽܘܡ̈ܶܐ ܒܒܰܛܢܳܟ ܕܰܟܝܳܐ ܥܰܫܩܽܘܢܝ ܒܺܝ̈ܫܶܐ ܗܘܺܝ ܩܰܕܺܝܫܳܐ ܣܢܓܰܪ ܐܶܡܶܗ ܚܰܘܳܐ ܚܰܝ̈ܠܶܐ ܕܗܶܢܽܘܢ ܢܦܺܝܣܽܘܢ ܡܶܢ ܐܰܝܟܳܐ ܒܛܰܢܬܳܟ ܡܶܛܠܳܬܳܟ ܗܳܐ ܣܰܢܝܳܐܐ ܐ̱ܢܳܐ ܪܳܚܶܡ ܟܽܘܠܳܐ ܗܳܐ ܪܕܺܝܦܳܐ ܐ̱ܢܳܐ ܕܒܶܛܢܰܬ ܝܶܠܕܰܬ ܚܰܕ ܒܶܝܬ ܓܰܘܣܳܐ ܠܰܒܢܰܝ̈ܢܳܫܳܐ ܢܶܚܕܶܐ ܐܳܕܳܡ ܕܐܰܢܬ ܗܽܘ ܐܩܠܺܝܕܶܗ ܕܗܰܘ ܦܰܪܕܰܝܣܳܐ ܗܳܐ ܫܓܺܝܫ ܝܰܡܳܐ ܥܰܠ ܝܳܠܶܕܬܳܟ ܐܰܝܟ ܕܥܰܠ ܝܰܘܢܳܢ ܗܳܐ ܗܶܪܽܘܕܶܣ ܓܠܠܳܐ ܦܰܩܪܳܐ ܒܳܥܶܐ ܕܢܶܚܢܽܘܩ ܡܳܪܶܐ ܝܰܡ̈ܡܶܐ ܠܐܰܝܟܳܐ ܐܶܥܪܽܘܩ ܐܰܢܬ ܐܰܠܶܦܰܝܢܝ ܡܳܪܳܐ ܕܐܶܡܶܗ ܥܰܡܳܟ ܐܶܥܪܽܘܩ ܕܐܶܬܰܓܶܪ ܒܳܟ ܚ̈ܰܝܶܐ ܒܟܽܠ ܕܽܘܟ ܓܽܘܒܳܐ ܥܰܡܳܟ ܠܳܐ ܗܘܳܐ ܓܽܘܒܰܐ ܗ̱ܘ ܕܒܳܟ ܗܽܘ ܣܳܠܶܩ ܐܢܳܫ ܠܰܫܡܰܝܳܐ ܩܰܒܪܳܐ ܥܰܡܳܟ ܠܳܐ ܗܘܳܐ ܩܰܒܪܰܐ ܗ̱ܘ ܕܐܳܦ ܢܽܘܚܳܡܳܐ ܐܰܢܬ ܟܰܘܟܰܒ ܢܽܘܗܪܳܐ ܕܠܳܐ ܒܰܟܝܳܢܶܗ ܐܰܙܠܶܓ ܡܶܢ ܫܶܠܝ ܙܥܽܘܪ ܡܶܢ ܫܶܡܫܳܐ ܘܪܰܒ ܡܶܢ ܫܶܡܫܳܐ ܙܥܽܘܪ ܗܘܳܐ ܡܶܢܶܗ ܒܢܽܘܗܪܳܐ ܓܰܠܝܳܐ ܪܰܒ ܗܘܳܐ ܡܶܢܶܗ ܒܚܰܝܠܳܐ ܟܰܣܝܳܐ ܡܶܛܽܠ ܐܪܳܙܶܗ
English
Son of his voice, my mouth does not know how to call you, or son of a living one, that I might dare and call you, like the son of Joseph, the shepherd, a tree that is not his own seed, a tree, and I deny his name, a summer tree that is his, my threshing-sledge. [Response: Praise to you, Son of the Most High, who took on flesh.] Since you are the son of one, I call you henceforth, son of many who are not sufficient for you, many lordships that are not sufficient for you, many names that you are the Son of God, also son of man, also son of Joseph, also son of David, and Lord of Mary. How can one give a name to the one without a mouth, the possessor of mouths in your pure womb? My evil ones have oppressed me, be holy, shut his mother's mouth, show the powers that they have been silent and have ceased from where your understanding is. Because of you, behold, a helper is a tree, a lover of all, behold, a persecuted one is a tree, that in the wombs of the one who gave birth to one, a bridal chamber, for the living ones, rejoice, Adam, that you are the key of that paradise. Behold, the sea is troubled over your mother, as over Jonah, behold, Herod, a wave, a corpse, seeks to strangle, the possessor of seas, where shall I flee? You teach me, Lord of his mother, with you I shall flee, that I may trade in you, life in every place, a pit with you, it is not a pit, that which is in you ascends, a grave to the heavens with you, it is not a grave, that you are also a tomb. A star of light that has no setting, shine from silence, small from the sun, and great from the sun, small from it in light, great from it in hidden power, because of his mystery.
dsc-554:2 · narrativehigh
Source
ܟܰܘܟܰܒ ܕܶܢܚܳܐ ܫܕܳܐ ܙܰܠܺܝܩܰܘ̈ܗܝ ܒܶܝܬ ܚܶܫ̈ܽܘܟܶܐ ܘܰܢܓܰܕ ܐܶܢܽܘܢ ܐܰܝܟ ܠܰܣܡܰܝ̈ܳܐ ܘܐܶܬܰܘ ܐܰܩܒܶܠܘ ܢܽܘܗܪܳܐ ܪܰܒܳܐ ܝܰܗܒܘ ܩܽܘܪ̈ܒܳܢܶܐ ܘܰܢܣܰܒܘ ܚ̈ܰܝܶܐ ܘܰܣܓܶܕܘ ܘܰܗܦܰܟܘ ܒܪܰܘܡܳܐ ܘܥܽܘܡܩܳܐ ܬܪ̈ܶܝܢ ܟܳܪ̈ܽܘܙܺܝܢ ܗܘܰܘ ܠܶܗ ܠܰܒܪܳܐ ܟܰܘܟܰܒ ܢܽܘܗܪܳܐ ܝܰܒܶܒ ܡܶܢ ܠܥܶܠ ܐܳܦ ܝܽܘܚܰܢܳܢ ܐܰܟܪܶܙ ܡܶܢ ܬܚܶܬ ܬܪ̈ܶܝܢ ܟܳܪ̈ܽܘܙܺܝܢ ܐܳܦ ܐܰܪܥܳܢܳܐ ܘܰܫܡܰܝܳܢܳܐ ܗܰܘ ܥܶܠܳܝܳܐ ܚܰܘܺܝ ܟܝܳܢܶܗ ܕܡܶܢ ܪܰܒܽܘܬܳܐ ܗܽܘ ܘܐܳܦ ܬܰܚܬܳܝܳܐ ܚܰܘܺܝ ܟܝܳܢܶܗ ܕܡܶܢ ܐܢܳܫܽܘܬܰܐ ܗ̱ܘ ܬܶܗܪܳܐ ܪܰܒܳܐ ܕܐܰܠܳܗܽܘܬܶܗ ܐܳܦ ܐܢܳܫܽܘܬܶܗ ܒܗܽܘܢ ܐܶܬܟܰܪܙܰܬ ܕܐܰܝܢܳܐ ܕܚܰܫܒܶܗ ܐܰܝܟ ܐܰܪܥܳܢܳܐ ܟܰܘܟܰܒ ܢܽܘܗܪܳܐ ܡܰܟܶܣ ܗܘܳܐ ܠܶܗ ܕܰܫܡܰܝܳܢܰܐ ܗ̱ܘ ܘܐܰܝܢܳܐ ܕܚܰܫܒܶܗ ܐܰܝܟ ܪܽܘܚܳܢܰܐ ܗ̱ܘ ܝܽܘܚܰܢܳܢ ܡܰܟܶܣ ܗܘܳܐ ܠܶܗ ܕܐܳܦ ܦܰܓܪܳܢܰܐ ܗ̱ܘ ܒܗܰܝܟܰܠ ܩܽܘܕܫܳܐ ܛܰܥܢܶܗ ܫܶܡܥܽܘܢ ܘܰܡܢܰܨܰܪ ܠܶܗ ܐܶܬܰܝܬ ܚܰܢܳܢܳܐ ܚܳܐܶܢ ܣܰܝܒܽܘܬܝ ܡܰܥܶܠ ܓܰܪ̈ܡܰܝ ܒܰܫܠܳܡ ܠܰܫܝܽܘܠ ܒܳܟ ܐܶܬܢܰܚܰܡ ܡܶܢ ܓܰܘ ܩܰܒܪܳܐ ܠܓܰܘ ܦܰܪܕܰܝܣܳܐ ܚܰܢܳܐ ܥܰܦܶܩܬܶܗ ܣܳܡܰܬ ܦܽܘܡܳܗܿ ܥܰܠ ܣܶܦܘ̈ܳܬܶܗ ܘܰܫܪܳܬ ܪܽܘܚܳܐ ܥܰܠ ܣܶܦܘ̈ܳܬܳܗܿ ܐܰܝܟ ܐܶܫܰܥܝܳܐ ܕܫܰܬܶܩ ܦܽܘܡܶܗ ܘܦܶܬܚܰܬ ܦܽܘܡܶܗ ܓܡܽܘܪܬܳܐ ܕܩܰܪܒܳܗܿ ܨܶܝܕ ܣܶܦܘ̈ܳܬܶܗ ܪܶܬܚܰܬ ܚܰܢܳܐ ܒܪܽܘܚܳܐ ܕܦܽܘܡܶܗ ܐܳܦ ܢܰܨܰܪܬܶܗ ܒܰܪ ܡܰܠܟܽܘܬܳܐ ܒܰܪ ܫܺܝܛܽܘܬܳܐ ܫܳܡܰܥ ܘܰܫܠܳܐ ܚܙܳܐ ܘܰܟܣܳܐ ܝܺܕܰܥ ܘܰܛܫܳܐ ܐܰܠܳܗ ܒܰܪ ܐܢܳܫ ܫܽܘܒܚܳܐ ܠܰܫܡܳܟ ܫܡܰܥܘ ܬܽܘܒ ܥܶܩܳܪ̈ܶܐ ܘܰܪܗܶܛܘ ܘܐܶܬܰܘ ܒܰܙܘܳܕ̈ܰܝܗܽܘܢ ܡܓܽܘ̈ܫܶܐ ܐܳܬܶܝܢ ܥܰܡ ܓܰܙܰܝ̈ܗܽܘܢ ܥܶܩܳܪ̈ܶܐ ܐܳܬܶܝܢ ܒܰܙܘܳܕܰܝ̈ܗܽܘܢ ܙܘ̈ܳܕܶܐ ܘܓ̈ܰܙܶܐ ܟܫܶܝܢ ܗܘܰܘ ܡܶܢ ܫܶܠܝ ܒܶܝܬ ܡܶܣ̈ܟܺܢܶܐ
English
A star of the south cast its sparks into the house of darkness, and it dawned and set like the heavens, and they came and received a great light; the sacrifices gave and took life, and they worshipped and turned in height and depth; two heralds were for the son, a star of light cried out from above, and also John proclaimed from below; two heralds both the earth and the heavens; that high one showed his nature, that he is from greatness, and also the low one showed his nature, that he is from humanity; the great wonder of his divinity and also his humanity was proclaimed in them, so that whoever thought him like the earth, a star of light concealed him, that he is of the heavens; and whoever thought him like the spirit, John concealed him, that he is also of flesh. In the temple of holiness, Simeon carried him, and to cut him off came the righteous one; my sinful old age enters my bones; in peace to Sheol, I am troubled in you; from within the tomb to within Paradise, the living one placed his mouth upon his lips, and the spirit dwelt upon her lips like Isaiah, whose mouth was silent and whose mouth opened; the completion of her approach toward his lips caused life to boil in the spirit of his mouth; also his circumcision, son of the kingdom, son of the nobility, hears and is silent, sees and hides, knows and conceals; God, son of man, praise to your name. Hear again, the roots ran and came with their provisions; the magi came with their treasures; the roots came with their provisions, provisions and treasures; they were hindered from silence in the house of the poor.
dsc-554:3 · narrativemedium
Source
ܩܥܳܬ ܥܩܰܪܬܳܐ ܐܰܝܟ ܕܰܡܥܳܕܳܐ ܡܰܢܽܘ ܝܰܗܒ ܠܺܝ ܕܐܶܚܙܶܐ ܥܽܘܠܶܟܝ ܛܽܘܒܳܢܺܝܬܳܐ ܕܡܰܠܝ̈ܳܢ ܡܶܢܶܗ ܫܡܰܝܳܐ ܘܐܰܪܥܳܐ ܒܪܝܟ ܗܼܘ ܦܐܪܟܝ ܕܐܰܦܪܺܝ ܣܓܽܘܠܳܐ ܒܣܰܬܳܐ ܥܩܰܪܬܳܐ ܐܶܬܳܐ ܙܟܰܪܝܳܐ ܘܰܦܬܺܝܚ ܦܽܘܡܶܗ ܙܳܗܶܐ ܘܩܳܥܶܐ ܕܐܰܝܟܰܘ ܡܰܠܟܳܐ ܕܡܶܛܽܠܳܬܶܗ ܝܶܠܕܶܬ ܩܳܠܳܐ ܕܢܰܟܪܶܙ ܩܽܘܕܡܰܘܗܝ ܫܠܳܡ ܒܰܪ ܡܰܠܟܳܐ ܕܐܳܦ ܟܽܘܡܪܽܘܬܰܢ ܠܳܟ ܡܶܬܝܰܗܒܳܐ ܩܪܶܒ ܝܽܘܚܰܢܳܢ ܥܰܡ ܐܰܒܳܗ̈ܰܘܗܝ ܘܰܣܓܶܕ ܠܰܒܪܳܐ ܘܰܫܪܳܐ ܙܺܝܘܳܐ ܥܰܠ ܦܰܪܨܽܘܦܶܗ ܠܳܐ ܐܶܙܕܰܠܰܠ ܐܰܝܟ ܕܰܒܟܰܪܣܳܐ ܬܶܗܪܳܐ ܪܰܒܳܐ ܕܰܬܢܳܢ ܣܳܓܶܕ ܘܰܠܗܰܠ ܕܳܐܶܨ ܐܳܦ ܗܶܪܽܘܕܶܣ ܬܰܥܠܳܐ ܫܺܝܛܳܐ ܕܡܶܙܕܰܪܟܰܠ ܗܘܳܐ ܒܕܽܘܟܰܬ ܐܰܪܝܳܐ ܬܰܥܠܳܐ ܪܒܰܥ ܗܘܳܐ ܐܰܝܠܶܠ ܕܰܫܡܰܥ ܢܶܗܡܰܬ ܐܰܪܝܳܐ ܕܐܶܬܳܐ ܕܢܰܪܒܰܥ ܥܰܠ ܡܰܠܟܽܘܬܶܗ ܐܰܝܟ ܡܳܐ ܕܰܟܬܺܝܒ ܫܡܰܥ ܕܶܝܢ ܬܰܥܠܳܐ ܕܐܰܪܝܳܐ ܓܽܘܪܝܰܐ ܗ̱ܘ ܘܐܰܝܟ ܒܰܪ ܚܰܠܒܰܐ ܗ̱ܘ ܘܰܠܛܰܫ ܢܝܳܒܶܗ ܕܥܰܕ ܝܰܠܽܘܕܰܐ ܗ̱ܘ ܢܟܰܡܶܢ ܢܶܚܢܽܘܩ ܬܰܥܠܐ ܠܐܰܪܝܳܐ ܥܰܕ ܠܳܐ ܥܳܫܶܢ ܘܰܡܛܰܠܶܩ ܠܶܗ ܗܰܘܦܳܐ ܕܦܽܘܡܶܗ ܗܘܳܬ ܠܳܗܿ ܦܽܘܡ̈ܶܐ ܟܽܠܳܗܿ ܒܪܺܝܬܳܐ ܘܰܩܥܳܬ ܥܠܰܘܗܝ ܡܓܽܘ̈ܫܶܐ ܩ̈ܥܶܝܢ ܒܩܽܘܪ̈ܒܳܢܰܝܗܽܘܢ ܥܶܩܳܪ̈ܶܐ ܩܳܥܶܝܢ ܥܰܡ ܝܰܠܕܰܝ̈ܗܽܘܢ ܟܰܘܟܰܒ ܢܽܘܗܪܳܐ ܩܳܥܶܐ ܒܐܳܐܰܪ ܗܳܐ ܒܰܪ ܡܰܠܟܳܐ ܫܡܰܝܳܐ ܦܬܺܝܚܺܝܢ ܡܰܝ̈ܳܐ ܦܨܺܝܚܺܝܢ ܝܰܘܢܳܐ ܫܒܺܝܚܳܐ ܩܳܠܶܗ ܕܐܰܒܳܐ ܛܳܒ ܡܶܢ ܪܰܥܡܳܐ ܬܳܟܶܒ ܘܐܳܡܰܪ ܗܳܢܰܘ ܚܰܒܺܝܒܝ ܥܺܝܪ̈ܶܐ ܣܰܒܰܪܘ ܫܰܒܪ̈ܶܐ ܝܰܒܶܒܘ ܒܐܽܘܫ̈ܰܥܢܰܝܗܽܘܢ ܒܗܳܠܶܝܢ ܩ̈ܳܠܶܐ ܕܰܠܥܶܠ ܘܕܰܠܬܰܚܬ ܐܰܟܪܶܙܘ ܘܰܩܥܰܘ ܠܳܐ ܦܶܪܕܰܬ ܗܘܳܬ ܫܢܳܬ ܨܶܗܝܽܘܢ ܒܥܺܝܠܳܐ ܢܕܳܬ ܕܳܫ ܘܐܰܟܐܶܒ ܠܳܗܿ ܬܶܘܗܰܬ ܩܳܡܰܬ ܩܶܛܠܰܬ ܥܺܝܪܳܐ ܥܰܠ ܕܐܰܥܺܝܪܳܗܿ
English
The barren woman cried out like a woman in labor: "Make me see your child!" Blessed are the heavens and the earth, for your fruit is blessed, which multiplied the seed of the barren woman in the womb. Zacharias came and opened his mouth, shining and crying out, "Where is the king, because of whom the voice gave birth, which proclaimed before him, 'Peace, son of the king, for even your priesthood is given to you'?" John approached with his fathers and worshipped the son, and a radiance settled upon his face; he was not abashed, as in the womb a great wonder, that a child worships and then leaps. Even Herod, the cunning fox, who was wont to stalk in the place of a lion, the fox crouched when he heard the roar of the lion that had come to crouch upon his kingdom, as it is written. So the fox heard that the lion was great, and he was like a son of milk, and he hid his fangs until the one who was born should grow up and embrace the fox with the lion until he does not roar, and the breath of his mouth destroys him. The whole creation had mouths, and the Magi cried out with sharp cries, with their offerings, roots crying out with their children, a star of light crying out in the air, "Behold the son of the king!" The heavens opened, the waters rejoiced, the day was glorious, the voice of the father better than thunder, he sat and said, "Behold my beloved, the watchers proclaimed, the youths played on their pipes, with these voices above and below they proclaimed and cried out, but she was not divided; the hour of her delivery was troubled, she trod and was pained, she was astounded, she stood up, she killed the watcher over the one who awakened her.
dsc-554:4 · narrativemedium
Source
ܩܳܡ ܠܶܗ ܥܺܝܪܳܐ ܡܶܢ ܓܰܘ ܩܰܒܪܳܐ ܕܰܕܡܶܟ ܟܰܕ ܥܺܝܪ ܘܐܶܬܳܐ ܐܶܫܟܰܚ ܥܰܡ̈ܡܶܐ ܕܰܡ̈ܟܶܐ ܝܰܒܶܒ ܘܰܩܥܳܐ [ܘܐܰܥܺܝܪ ܐܶܢܽܘܢ ܐܰܘܕܺܝܘ ܕܰܡ̈ܟܶܐ ܠܥܺܝܪܳܐ ܕܰܥܒܰܕ ܥܺܝܪ̈ܶܐ ܒܐܰܪܥܳܐ]
English
The watchman rose from within the tomb where he slept, though watchful, and came and found the sleeping peoples; he wailed and cried out, and awakened the eyes and ears of the sleepers to the watchman who made watchers on the earth.
Citation. Tergwame, “Nativity 6”, dsc-554:1, machine-draft, 2026. https://naxiai.com/christian/works/dsc-554#s1
Colophon. Source: syriac · licence: CC BY 4.0 · model: deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash:floor · provider: Relace · cost: $0.0032 · generated 2026-11-15.