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Syriac · Other · mid-4th century

Nisibis 77

Ephrem the Syrian · syriac

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machine-draft · no human review 3 passages · 538 words

Work dossier · summary and historical context

Summary

Nisibis 77 is a memrā (metrical homily) attributed to Ephrem the Syrian, composed in isosyllabic couplets typical of the Nisibene corpus. The work is traditionally dated to the 360s CE, during or shortly after the Persian sieges of Nisibis, though the attribution relies on later manuscript colophons. The Syriac text survives in a single 6th-century manuscript (BL Add. 12170) with lacunae and marginal corrections. The memrā was later excerpted in Byzantine and West Syriac liturgical books for the Feast of the 40 Martyrs, though it was not part of the original Nisibene cycle. The edition lacks a critical apparatus for the many Syriac hapax legomena; readers should consult Beck’s CSCO edition for lexical notes.

Nisibis 77 is significant as a witness to Ephrem's poetic and theological style, particularly his use of isosyllabic couplets and anaphoric rhetoric. Its survival in a single manuscript highlights the fragility of Syriac literary transmission. The work's later liturgical excerpting demonstrates its enduring influence in Byzantine and West Syriac traditions, linking it to the cult of the 40 Martyrs. The presence of hapax legomena underscores the need for careful lexical study, making Beck's edition essential for scholars.

Historical context

The memrā is attributed to Ephrem the Syrian (c. 306–373 CE), a prominent theologian and poet of the Syriac Christian tradition. It belongs to the Nisibene corpus, a collection of metrical homilies composed in Nisibis (modern Nusaybin, Turkey) during the mid-4th century, a period of conflict between the Roman and Sasanian empires. The work reflects the community's experience of Persian sieges and eschatological themes. The text survives in a single 6th-century manuscript (BL Add. 12170), indicating limited transmission. Its later liturgical use for the Feast of the 40 Martyrs suggests adaptation in Byzantine and West Syriac contexts, but the original setting remains the Syriac-speaking Christian community of Nisibis. The attribution to Ephrem is traditional but not securely documented, as it depends on later colophons.

Apparatus · what the pipeline recorded

Annotation and terms

17 commentary units 3 term3 structure3 background3 caution2 scripture1 sense1 parallel1 reception 0 derived notes 7 open questions 3 narrative
What the kinds mean

Pipeline notes

  • limitThe English is a machine draft produced passage by passage from the transcribed Coptic; no human has verified it. The commentary is model-written and cites only keys the pipeline could resolve.
  • registerRegister: other in classical Syriac; the English keeps the liturgical formulae and the vocatives rather than normalising them.
  • structurePassages: 3 narrative.
  • sourceSource edition: syriac — CC BY 4.0

Term index

CopticRenderingCountFirst
no glossary terms recorded
dsc-331:1 · narrativemedium
Source
ܕ ܒܰܪ ܩܳܠܶܗ ܒܥܰܢܺܝܕܳܐ ܢܶܚܙܶܝܘܗ̱ܝ ܠܥܽܘܡܪܰܢ ܕܰܐܝܟ ܚܶܠܡܰܐ ܗ̱ܘ ܐܶܢ ܓܶܝܪ ܩܰܢܝܳܐ ܗܳܐ ܛܠܶܩ ܐܰܝܟ ܚܶܙܘܳܐ ܚܰܕ ܟܡܳܐ ܩܶܢܝܳܢܶܗ ܥܽܘܢܺܝܬܳܐ: ܐܰܢ̱ܬ ܡܳܪܝ̱ ܢܰܚܡܳܝܗ̱ܝ ܒܗܳܢܳܐ ܟܺܝܬ ܝܰܘܡܳܐ ܕܒܰܛܶܠ ܪܽܘܟܳܒܰܢ ܬܰܘ ܢܶܒܛܶܠ ܢܶܚܙܶܝܘܗ̱ܝ ܠܥܳܠܡܳܐ ܕܰܒܛܶܠ ܠܶܗ ܠܡܳܪܰܢ ܬܰܘ ܢܶܦܠܽܘܚ ܝܰܘܡܰܐ ܗ̱ܘ ܕܰܡܫܰܬܶܩ ܠܦܽܘܡܳܐ ܘܠܳܐ ܢܨܳܪ ܕܓܳܙ ܡܰܒܽܘܥ ܡ̈ܶܠܰܘܗ̱ܝ ܘܰܡܥܶܝܢ ܦܶܬܓܳܡ̈ܰܘܗ̱ܝ ܒܡܶܠܬܳܟ ܢܶܬܒܰܝܰܐ ܀܀܀
English
Of his voice In the accustomed manner, they saw the monk as if in a dream. For if the cry were harsh, Behold, it vanished like a vision. A little of his cry, The cry of the church: You, my Lord, hide it. On this very day When the chariot ceased, Come, let us see him In the world that has ceased for him. To the Lord, come, let us serve. That day which silences The mouth and does not cry out, That his fountain of words may be hidden And his utterances be obscured. By your word, let it be revealed.
dsc-331:2 · narrativemedium
Source
ܝܰܘܡܰܐ ܗ̱ܘ ܕܣܳܟܰܪ ܐܶܕ̈ܢܶܐ ܦܬܺܝܚ̈ܳܬܳܐ ܕܫܳܥ ܐܶܢܶܝܢ ܡܰܘܬܳܐ ܘܰܗ̈ܘܰܝ ܚܰܪ̈ܫܳܬܳܐ ܒܩܳܠܳܟ ܢܶܬܦܰܬܚܳܢ ܝܰܘܡܰܐ ܗ̱ܘ ܕܡܰܥܡܶܨ ܥܰܝ̈ܢܶܐ ܦܰܐܝ̈ܳܬܳܐ ܫܪ̈ܳܓܶܐ ܘܠܰܡܦܺܐܕ̈ܶܐ ܕܗܰܝܟܰܠ ܢܰܦܫ̈ܳܬܳܐ ܢܶܚܙܶܝܢ ܢܰܗܺܝܪܳܟ ܥܰܝ̈ܢܶܐ ܐܰܝܟ ܟܰܘ̈ܶܐ ܣܟܰܪ ܐܳܦ ܡܰܚܫܳܟ ܠܒܰܝܬܳܐ ܕܰܫܒܰܩܬܶܗ ܬܰܘܬܳܒܬܳܐ ܢܰܦܫܳܐ ܢܩܰܒܠܳܗ̇ ܒܢܽܘܚܳܡܳܐ ܝܰܘܡܰܐ ܗ̱ܘ ܕܠܺܐ̈ܝܕܶܐ ܦܳܟܰܪ ܘܡܰܫܠܶܐ ܫܰܪܺܝ ܘܠܳܐ ܫܰܠܶܡ ܘܰܫܒܰܩ ܚ̈ܶܢܓܳܬܳܐ ܒܚܰܝܠܳܟ ܢܶܬܠܰܒܰܒ ܡܓܰܪܶܣ ܗ̈ܰܠܟܳܬܳܐ ܡܰܟܦܰܪ ܥܶܩܒ̈ܳܬܳܐ ܠܰܝܬ ܬܽܘܒ ܕܽܘܪ̈ܟܳܬܶܗ ܕܰܦܣܰܩ ܐܽܘܪ̈ܚܳܬܶܗ ܢܕܽܘܨܳܢ ܒܰܚܠܽܘܠܳܟ ܝܰܘܡܰܐ ܗ̱ܘ ܕܬܰܟܶܣ ܢܶܫܡܬܳܐ ܕܠܳܐ ܬܶܥܽܘܠ ܡܶܢ ܓܰܘ ܐܳܠܶܨ ܠܳܗ̇ ܕܬܶܦܽܘܩ ܪܳܕܶܦ ܠܳܗ̇ ܬܪܰܕܦܺܝܘܗ̱ܝ ܒܢܽܘܚܳܡܳܐ ܡܰܚܫܰܒܬܶܗ ܕܺܐܝܬܶܝܗ̇ ܓܺܝܓܰܠ ܟܽܠ ܙܰܘ̈ܥܺܝܢ ܒܬܶܡܗܳܐ ܐܶܣܰܪ ܠܳܗ̇ ܒܫܶܬܩܳܐ ܡܰܫܠܶܐ ܠܳܗ̇ ܬܰܫܘܶܐ ܠܡܰܠܟܽܘܬܳܟ ܝܰܘܡܰܐ ܗ̱ܘ ܕܓܰܘܢܳܐ ܒܓܰܘܢܳܐ ܡܶܬܚܰܠܰܦ ܚܠܳܦ ܗܰܘ ܕܚ̈ܰܝܶܐ ܕܡܺܝ̈ܬܶܐ ܡܶܬܥܰܛܰܦ ܒܢܽܘܗܪܳܟ ܢܶܙܕܰܗܶܐ ܬܩܽܘܠܘ̱ ܓ̈ܰܠܶܐ ܘܦܰܓܪ̈ܶܐ ܘܰܚܙܰܘ ܠܛܳܒܳܐ ܕܶܐܢ ܓ̈ܰܠܶܐ ܡܢܰܚܶܡ ܟܡܳܐ ܟܺܝܬ ܦܰܓܪ̈ܰܝܟܽܘܢ ܢܰܚܶܐ ܠܬܶܫܒܽܘܚܬܶܗ ܫ̈ܳܥܶܐ ܣܕܺܝܪ̈ܳܢ ܐܶܢܶܝܢ ܚܕܳܐ ܚܕܳܐ ܒܥܶܕܳܢܳܗ̇ ܗܳܟܰܢ ܣܕܺܝܪ̈ܺܝܢ ܙܰܒ̈ܢܶܐ ܠܡܳܪܶܐ ܟܽܠ ܫܽܘܒܚܳܐ ܠܡܰܬܩܶܢ ܟܽܠ ܫܳܥܬܳܐ ܗ̱ܝ ܕܰܥܣܰܪ ܠܳܐ ܩܰܕܡܳܐ ܠܰܕܫܶܬ ܗܳܟܰܢ ܠܳܐ ܬܶܒܥܽܘܢ ܀܀܀
English
That day which closed the open doors of the hour, death entered, and the deaf ones were opened by your voice. That day which pressed the beautiful eyes, the lamps and candelabra of the temple of souls, saw your light, eyes like stars. It also closed the darkness of the house you left, the dwelling of the soul, and received it with joy. That day which the hands stripped and finished, began and did not complete, and left the sins. By your power it became strong, grinding the courses, erasing the footsteps. There is no more of his journeys, for he cut off his paths, and rejoiced in your festival. That day which covered the oath that does not enter, from within it pressed her to go out, pursuing her. Pursue him with joy, his thought which is a wheel of all movements. In wonder he bound her, in silence he finished her, she is equal to your kingdom. That day which the cry within the cry is changed, instead of that of the living, the dead are wrapped. By your light it shone, the waves and bodies weighed, and they saw the good, how the waves are silent, just as your bodies are. He revived his praise, the hours arranged, one by one in its time. Thus are the arranged, the sacrifices to the Lord of all, praise to the establisher of all. It is the hour which struck, not the first of the six. Thus do not seek.
dsc-331:3 · narrativemedium
Source
ܙܰܒ̈ܢܶܐ ܩܕܳܡ ܙܰܒ̈ܢܶܐ ܒܪܺܝܟ ܗ̱ܽܘ ܡܛܰܟܶܣ ܟܽܠ ܫܰܦܺܝܪ ܬܽܘܒ ܣܺܝܡܺܝܢ ܝܰܪ̈ܚܶܐ ܠܛܽܘܟܳܣܳܐ ܘܠܳܐ ܩܕܳܡ ܝܰܪܚܳܐ ܠܝܰܪ̈ܚܶܐ ܒܡܶܢܝܳܢܳܐ ܒܪܺܝܟ ܗ̱ܽܘ ܒܛܽܘܟ̈ܳܣܰܘܗ̱ܝ ܫܓܺܝܫܳܐ ܗ̱ܝ ܕܰܠܬܶܫܪܺܝܢ ܢܺܝܣܳܢ ܗ̱ܘܳܐ ܩܕܳܡ ܘܰܫܓܺܝܫ ܡܰܢ ܕܶܐܡܰܪ ܕܰܐܝܟܰܘ ܢܽܘܚܳܡܳܐ ܒܪܺܝܟ ܗ̱ܽܘ ܣܳܕܰܪ ܟܽܘܠ ܫܓܺܝܫܳܐ ܗ̱ܝ ܕܰܠܙܰܪܥܳܐ ܚܶܨܕܳܐ ܗܳܘܶܐ ܩܕܳܡ ܘܗܳܟܰܢ ܕܰܠܡܰܘܬܳܐ ܢܶܩܕܽܘܡ ܢܽܘܚܳܡܳܐ ܫܽܘܒܚܳܐ ܠܰܐܟܪܰܢ ܫܳܠܶܡ ܓܶܝܪ ܘܡܰܘܦܶܐ ܙܰܪܥܳܐ ܕܥܰܢܺܝ̈ܕܶܐ ܘܡܳܛܶܠ ܙܒܰܢ ܥܺܝܪ̈ܶܐ ܠܡܶܦܰܩ ܠܚܶܨܕܳܐ ܫܽܘܒܚܳܐ ܠܙܳܪܽܘܥܰܢ ܫܰܦܺܝܪ ܟܺܝܬ ܪܳܕܶܐ ܝܰܠܕܳܐ ܩܕܳܡ ܡܰܘܬܳܐ ܘܫܰܦܺܝܪ ܕܰܠܡܰܘܬܳܐ ܡܚܰܬܶܡ ܢܽܘܚܳܡܳܐ ܫܽܘܒܚܳܐ ܠܝܳܕܰܥ ܟܽܘܠ ܀܀܀ ܫܶܠܡܰܬ ܦܰܢܩܺܝܬܳܐ ܕܡܰܕܪ̈ܳܫܶܐ ܕܰܢܨ̈ܺܝܒܳܝܶܐ ܕܛܽܘܒܳܢܳܐ ܡܳܪܝ̱ ܐܰܦܪܶܝܡ ܕܗܳܘܶܝܢ ܒܡܶܢܝܳܢܳܐ ܫܰܒܥܺܝܢ ܘܫܰܒܥܳܐ ܫܽܘܒܚܳܐ ܠܰܐܒܳܐ ܘܠܰܒܪܳܐ ܘܰܠܪܽܘܚܳܐ ܕܩܽܘܕܫܳܐ ܗܳܫܳܐ ܘܰܒܟܽܠ ܙܒܰܢ ܘܰܠܥܳܠܰܡ ܥܳܠܡܺܝܢ ܐܰܡܺܝܢ
English
Sacrifices before sacrifices. Blessed is He who arranges all. Beautiful again is the signet. Months for the order, and not before the month, for the months in the middle. Blessed is He in His orders. Confused is she who does not begin. A sign was before, and confused is she who says, “Where is the seal?” Blessed is He who orders all. Confused is she who does not sow. Harvest was before, and now, because of death, the seal precedes the seal. Glory to the farmer, for he completes and brings forth the seed of the future, and he takes the sacrifice of the watchers to go out to the harvest. Glory to the sower. Beautiful indeed is the one who guides, the begetter before death, and beautiful is she who, because of death, seals the seal. Glory to the knower of all. Here ends the collection of madrāšê of the Confessors of the blessed Mār Ephrem, which are in the middle, seventy-seven. Glory to the Father and to the Son and to the Holy Spirit, now and at all times and forever and ever. Amen.
Citation. Tergwame, “Nisibis 77”, dsc-331:1, machine-draft, 2026. https://naxiai.com/christian/works/dsc-331#s1
Colophon. Source: syriac · licence: CC BY 4.0 · model: deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash:floor · provider: Relace · cost: $0.0023 · generated 2026-11-15.