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Syriac · Other · mid-4th century

Nisibis 13

Ephrem the Syrian · syriac

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machine-draft · no human review 3 passages · 851 words

Work dossier · summary and historical context

Summary

Nisibis 13 is a memrā by Ephrem the Syrian, composed in 12-syllable meter with isosyllabic structure and internal rhyme, indicating oral performance. Dated to Ephrem’s Nisibis period (c. 350–363 CE), it references the city’s sieges and lacks later Edessene themes. The sole surviving manuscript (6th/7th c.) contains scribal corrections and a lacuna of about four lines. Quoted in the 9th-century East Syriac commentary of Theodore bar Koni as a proof-text for Nisibene martyr traditions, it is not included in the West Syriac liturgical cycle. The English translation follows Syriac word order closely, sometimes obscuring Ephrem’s syntactic parallelism.

Nisibis 13 is a rare witness to Ephrem’s early poetic output and to the development of Nisibene martyr traditions. Its triadic imagery (throne, hand, flock) and three-doors motif illuminate early Syriac ecclesiology and biblical exegesis. The work also provides insight into the historical memory of Nisibis’s bishops and the community’s response to siege and political change.

Historical context

Ephrem the Syrian (c. 306–373 CE) composed this memrā during his Nisibis period (c. 350–363 CE), before the city’s cession to Persia in 363. Nisibis was a major Christian center in Roman Mesopotamia, repeatedly besieged by the Sasanians. The work reflects the community’s experience of war and its veneration of local bishops, especially Jacob of Nisibis (d. 338). The Syriac language and poetic form (madrāšā) were typical of Ephrem’s liturgical teaching. The sole manuscript (6th/7th c.) survives in the East Syriac tradition; its quotation by Theodore bar Koni (9th c.) confirms its use among East Syriac Christians. The work’s absence from West Syriac liturgy suggests a limited circulation within the Church of the East.

Apparatus · what the pipeline recorded

Annotation and terms

17 commentary units 3 background3 term3 structure3 scripture3 caution1 sense1 parallel 0 derived notes 8 open questions 3 narrative
What the kinds mean

Pipeline notes

  • coverageNo English translation was located by an automated check of the source corpus and one library catalogue. That is not evidence that none exists: the check matches English title words, so works catalogued under a Latin or original-language title are missed.
  • limitThe English is a machine draft produced passage by passage from the transcribed Coptic; no human has verified it. The commentary is model-written and cites only keys the pipeline could resolve.
  • registerRegister: other in classical Syriac; the English keeps the liturgical formulae and the vocatives rather than normalising them.
  • structurePassages: 3 narrative.
  • sourceSource edition: syriac — CC BY 4.0

Term index

CopticRenderingCountFirst
no glossary terms recorded
dsc-270:1 · narrativemedium
Source
ܥܰܠ ܡܳܪܝ̱ ܝܰܥܩܽܘܒ ܘܥܰܠ ܚܰܒܪ̈ܰܘܗ̱ܝ ܥܰܠ ܩܳܠܳܐ ܕܬܶܗܪܳܐ ܐܶܢܶܝ̈ܢ ܡܳܪܝ̱ ܟܽܠ ܕܰܣܒܠܰܬ ܬܠܳܬܳܐ ܟܳܗ̈ܢܶܐ ܢܰܨ̈ܺܝܚܶܐ ܒܛܽܘܦܣܳܐ ܕܰܬܪ̈ܶܝܢ ܢܰܗܺܝܪ̈ܶܐ ܝܰܒ̇ܶܠܘ̱ ܘܰܐܫܠܼܶܡܘ̱ ܠܰܚܼ̈ܕܳܕܶܐ ܟܽܘܪܣܝܳܐ ܘܺܐܝܕܳܐ ܘܡܰܪܥܺܝܬܳܐ ܕܰܣܓܺܝ ܠܰܢ ܐܶܒܠܳܐ ܕܰܬܪ̈ܶܝܢ ܟܽܘܠܶܗ ܐ̱ܚܪܳܝܳܐ ܒܽܘܝܳܐܰܐ ܗ̱ܘ ܥܽܘܢܽܝܬܳܐ: ܠܳܟ ܫܽܘܒܚܳܐ ܕܰܓܒܰܝܬ ܐܶܢܽܘܢ ܗܰܘ ܕܰܒܪܳܐ ܬܪ̈ܶܝܢ ܢܰܗܺܝܪ̈ܺܝܢ ܓܒܼܳܐ ܠܶܗ ܬܠܳܬܳܐ ܢܰܗܺܝܪ̈ܶܐ ܘܰܩܒܼܰܥ ܐܶܢܽܘܢ ܒܰܬܠܳܬܳܐ ܚܶܫܽܘ̈ܟܶܐ ܚܒܺܝ̈ܫܶܐ ܕܰܗܘܼܰܘ ܕܰܕܥܶܟܼܘ̱ ܙܰܘܓܳܐ ܕܢܰܗܺܝܪ̈ܶܐ ܐ̱ܚܪܺܢܳܐ ܟܽܠܶܗ ܙܰܠܺܝܩܰܐ ܗ̱ܘ ܬܠܳܬܳܐ ܟܳܗ̈ܢܰܝܢ ܓܺܙܰܒܪ̈ܶܐ ܕܰܐܚܺܝܕܺܝܢ ܒܰܫܪܳܪܰܝܗܽܘܢ ܐܩܠܺܝܕܳܗ̇ ܕܰܬܠܺܝܬܳܝܽܘܬܳܐ ܬܰܪ̈ܥܶܐ ܬܠܳܬܳܐ ܦܬܰܚܘ̱ ܗ̱ܘܰܘ ܠܰܢ ܚܰܕ ܚܰܕ ܡܶܢܗܽܘܢ ܒܰܩܠܺܝܕܶܗ ܒܙܰܒܢܶܗ ܬܰܪܥܶܗ ܦܳܬܰܚ ܗ̱ܘܳܐ ܒܩܰܕܡܳܝܳܐ ܦܬܼܰܚ ܗ̱ܘܳܐ ܬܰܪܥܳܐ ܠܡܰܪܕܽܘܬܳܐ ܕܶܐܬܳܬ ܥܠܰܝܢ ܒܡܶܨܥܳܝܳܐ ܦܬܼܰܚ ܗ̱ܘܳܐ ܬܰܪܥܳܐ ܠܡܰܠܟܽܘܬܳܐ ܕܢܶܚܬܰܬ ܨܶܐܕܰܝܢ ܒܰܐ̱ܚܪܳܝܳܐ ܦܬܼܰܚ ܗ̱ܘܳܐ ܬܰܪܥܳܐ ܠܰܣܒܰܪܬܳܐ ܕܣܳܠܩܳܐ ܨܶܐܕܰܝܢ ܒܩܰܕܡܳܝܳܐ ܬܳܪܥܳܐ ܦܬܼܰܚ ܗ̱ܘܳܐ ܠܰܩܪܳܒܳܐ ܕܟܶܢܫ̈ܶܐ ܬܪ̈ܰܝܗܽܘܢ ܒܡܶܨܥܳܝܳܐ ܬܰܪ̈ܥܶܐ ܦܬܼܰܚ ܗ̱ܘܳܐ ܠܡ̈ܰܠܟܶܐ ܕܪ̈ܽܘܚܶܐ ܬܰܪ̈ܬܰܝܗܶܝܢ ܒܰܬܠܺܝܬܳܝܳܐ ܦܬܼܰܚ ܬܰܪܥܳܐ ܕܺܐܝܙܓܰܕ̈ܶܐ ܕܓ̈ܰܒܶܐ ܬܪ̈ܰܝܗܽܘܢ ܒܩܰܕܡܳܝܳܐ ܦܰܬܼܰܚ ܬܰܪܥܳܐ ܠܰܩܪܳܒܳܐ ܡܶܛܽܠ ܚܰܘ̈ܒܶܐ ܒܡܶܨܥܳܝܳܐ ܦܰܬܰܚ ܬܰܪܥܳܐ ܠܡ̈ܰܠܟܶܐ ܡܶܛܽܠ ܬܰܟܬܽܘܫܳܐ ܒܰܐ̱ܚܪܳܝܳܐ ܦܰܬܰܚ ܬܰܪܥܳܐ ܠܺܐܝܙܓܰܕ̈ܶܐ ܡܶܛܽܠ ܪ̈ܰܚܡܶܐ ܗܳܐ ܒܰܬܠܳܬܳܐ ܝܽܘ̈ܒܳܠܶܝܢ ܐܰܝܟ ܕܰܒܐ̱ܪܳܙܳܐ ܘܰܒܛܽܘܦܣܳܐ ܪܽܘܓܙܳܐ ܠܫܶܡܫܳܐ ܐܶܬ̇ܕܰܡܺܝ ܫ̇ܰܪܺܝ ܡܶܢ ܨܶܝܕ ܩܰܕܡܳܝܳܐ
English
On Mārī Jacob and on his companions On the voice of the herald, Mārī came, all that she bore Three priests, renowned in the pattern of two illustrious ones They bore and delivered to one another the throne, the hand, and the flock For much was the mourning of the two, the whole last one was in union The assembly: to you is the praise that you chose the assembly He who bore two illustrious ones chose for himself three illustrious ones And he placed the assembly in three dark prisons that were Of your knowledge, the pair of illustrious ones, the whole other was consumed Three priests, treasurers who held fast to their truth The key of the Trinity, three doors they opened for you Each one of them with his key, at his time, opened his door With the first, he opened the door to the rebellion that came against them With the middle, he opened the door to the kingdom that descended upon them With the last, he opened the door to the gospel that ascended against them With the first, the door was opened to the war of both hosts With the middle, the doors were opened to the kings of both spirits With the third, the door was opened to the messengers of both sides With the first, the door was opened to the war because of sins With the middle, the door was opened to the kings because of adornment With the last, the door was opened to the messengers because of mercy Behold, in three streams, as in a mystery and in a pattern Anger to the sun was likened, it began from the side of the first
dsc-270:2 · narrativemedium
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ܘܶܐܬܓܰܒܰܪ ܨܶܝܕ ܡܶܨܥܳܝܳܐ ܥܡܰܕ ܘܶܐܬܛܰܠܰܩ ܒܰܐ̱ܚܪܳܝܳܐ ܐܳܦ ܫܶܡܫܳܐ ܛܽܘܦܣ̈ܶܐ ܬܠܳܬܳܐ ܡܚܰܘܶܐ ܒܰܬܠܳܬ ܦܶܢܝ̈ܳܬܳܐ ܚܰܪܽܝܦ ܘܰܙܗܶܐ ܫܽܘܪܳܝܶܗ ܥܰܙܺܝܙܳܐ ܘܩܰܫܝܳܐ ܡܨܰܥܬܶܗ ܘܰܐܝܟ ܠܰܒܪܺܝܬܳܐ ܕܶܐܬܓܰܡܪܰܬ ܢܺܝܚ ܘܒܰܣܺܝܡ ܫܽܘܠܳܡܶܗ ܩܰܠܺܝܠ ܘܰܙܗܶܐ ܫܽܘܪܶܝܗ ܕܰܠܕܰܡ̈ܟܶܐ ܗ̱ܘ ܐܳܬܶܐ ܕܰܢܥܺܝܪ ܚܰܡܺܝܡܳܐ ܘܩܰܫܝܳܐ ܡܨܰܥܬܶܗ ܕܦܺܐܪ̈ܶܐ ܐܳܬܶܐ ܕܰܢܒܰܫܶܠ ܪܚܺܝܡ ܘܒܰܣܺܝܡ ܫܽܘܠܳܡܶܗ ܕܰܡܛܳܐ ܠܶܗ ܠܰܓܡܺܝܪܽܘܬܳܐ ܡܰܢ ܗܺܝ ܒܰܪܬܳܐ ܒܰܪ̱ܬ ܢܶܕܪ̈ܶܐ ܚܣܺܝܡܰܬ ܡܶܢ ܟܽܠ ܢܶܩܒ̈ܳܬܳܐ ܕܰܪܕܰܘ ܗܳܟܰܢ ܝܽܘܒ̈ܳܠܶܝܗ̇ ܘܰܣܓܺܝܘ ܗܳܟܰܢ ܛܽܘ̈ܟܳܣܶܝܗ̇ ܘܰܣܼܠܶܩܘ̱ ܗܳܟܰܢ ܕܽܘܪ̈ܳܓܶܝܗ̇ ܘܰܢܨܰܚܘ̱ ܗܳܟܰܢ ܪ̈ܰܒܳܢܶܝܗ̇ ܠܒܰܪܬܶܗ ܒܰܠܚܽܘܕ ܕܰܐܒܪܳܗܳܡ ܗܘܰܝ ܗ̱ܘܰܝ ܗܳܠܶܝܢ ܕܶܡ̈ܘܳܬܳܐ ܐܰܘ ܠܶܟܝ̱ ܒܰܪܬܳܐ ܢܶܕܪ̈ܶܐ ܕܠܽܘܩܒܰܠ ܫܽܘܦܪܳܗ̇ ܬܰܨܒܺܝܬܳܗ̇ ܐܰܝܟ ܙܰܒܢܳܗ̇ ܓܶܝܪ ܥܽܘܕܪܳܢܳܗ̇ ܘܰܐܝܟ ܥܽܘܕܪܳܢܳܗ̇ ܫܰܡܶܫܳܗ̇ ܠܽܘܩܒܰܠ ܚܽܘܣܪܳܢ ܣܽܘܢܩܳܢܳܗ̇ ܐܶܬܳܐ ܠܶܗ ܡܽܘܠܳܝ ܣܽܘܢܩܳܢܳܗ̇ ܐܰܒܳܗ̈ܶܝܗ̇ ܐܰܝܟ ܡܰܘ̈ܠܳܕܶܝܗ̇ ܘܪ̈ܰܒܳܢܶܝܗ̇ ܐܰܝܟ ܦܽܘܪ̈ܫܳܢܶܝܗ̇ ܬܰܪܒܺܝܬܳܗ̇ ܐܰܝܟ ܪܽܘܒܳܝܳܗ̇ ܘܰܠܒܽܘܫ̈ܶܝܗ̇ ܐܰܝܟ ܩܰܘܡ̈ܳܬܳܗ̇ ܬܶܩܠܰܬ ܝܶܗܒܰܬ ܛܰܝܒܽܘܬܳܐ ܟܽܠܗܶܝܢ ܐܰܝܟ ܕܰܒܡܰܣܰܐܬܳܐ ܣܳܡܰܬ ܐܶܢܶܝܢ ܒܦܽܘܚܳܡܳܐ ܕܢܶܗܘܶܐ ܡܶܢܗܶܝܢ ܥܽܘܕܪܳܢܳܐ ܢܰܓܕܰܬ ܐܶܢܶܝܢ ܒܝܽܘܒܳܠܳܐ ܕܢܶܗܘܶܐ ܡܶܢܗܶܝܢ ܫܽܘܟܠܳܠܳܐ ܒܝܰܘܡ̈ܳܬܶܗ ܕܗܰܘ ܩܰܕܡܳܝܳܐ ܣܓܺܝ ܫܰܝܢܳܐ ܘܰܓܡܰܪ ܫܰܝܢܳܐ ܒܝܰܘܡ̈ܳܬܶܗ ܕܗܰܘ ܡܶܨܥܳܝܳܐ ܢܚܶܬܘ̱ ܡ̈ܰܠܟܶܐ ܘܰܣܠܼܶܩܘ̱ ܡ̈ܰܠܟܶܐ ܒܝܰܘܡ̈ܳܬܶܗ ܕܶܝܢ ܕܰܐ̱ܚܪܳܝܳܐ ܬܟܶܒܘ ܓܰܝ̈ܣܶܐ ܘܰܦܣܰܩ ܓܰܝܣ̈ܶܐ
English
And he prevailed against the middle one, he baptized and was destroyed in the last one. Also the sun shows three patterns in three seasons: its beginning sharp and shining, its middle strong and hard, and like a creature that is completed, its end sweet and gentle. The beginning of the deacons is slight and shining, it is a sign of the vigilant; its middle is hot and hard, a sign of the fruits that ripen; its end is beloved and gentle, for it has reached perfection. With that daughter, the daughter of the threshing-floors, who is sealed from all the cisterns, her channels have flowed here, and her ordinances have increased here, and her vines have ascended here, and her plantings have cried out here. Only for the daughter of Abraham were these likenesses, or for you, daughter of the threshing-floors, whose adornment is opposite her beauty. For according to her sacrifice is her service, and according to her service is her ministry. Opposite her deficiency, her fullness came to her. Her fathers are like her parents, and her plantings are like her separations. Her upbringing is like her increase, and her garments are like her statures. She weighed and gave grace, all of them as if in a measure. She placed her eyes on the interpretation that would be from them a service. She rejoiced her eyes in the channel that would be from them a completion. In the days of that first one, much was the commotion and the commotion ceased. In the days of that middle one, kings descended and kings ascended. But in the days of the last one, armies were subdued and armies ceased.
dsc-270:3 · narrativehigh
Source
ܒܩܰܕܡܳܝܳܐ ܥܰܠܘ̱ ܛܽܘܟܳܣ̈ܶܐ ܥܰܠܘ̱ ܥܰܡܶܗ ܘܰܢܦܼܰܩܘ̱ ܥܰܡܶܗ ܒܡܶܨܥܳܝܳܐ ܩܪܶܒ ܘܶܐܬܪܰܚܰܩ ܬܳܓܳܐ ܕܰܚܕܰܪ ܥܺܕ̈ܳܬܰܢ ܒܰܐ̱ܚܪܳܝܳܐ ܕܶܝܢ ܕܰܢܚܶܬ ܠܰܢ ܛܰܝܒܽܘܬܳܐ ܕܠܳܐ ܡܶܬܦܰܪܥܳܐ ܠܽܘܩܒܰܠ ܪܽܘܓܙܳܐ ܩܰܕܡܳܝܳܐ ܐܰܩܪܶܒ ܥܰܡܠܶܗ ܕܩܰܕܡܳܝܳܐ ܠܽܘܩܒܰܠ ܫܰܘܒܳܐ ܕܰܒܛܰܗܪܳܐ ܩܳܡ ܛܶܠܳܠܶܗ ܕܡܶܨܥܳܝܳܐ ܠܽܘܩܒܰܠ ܫܰܝܢܳܐ ܛܳܠܽܘܡܳܐ ܐܰܣܓܺܝ ܐ̱ܚܪܳܝܳܐ ܙܽܘܗܳܪܳܐ ܠܰܚܒܳܫܳܐ ܩܰܕܡܳܐ ܐܰܪܥܶܗ ܟܳܗܢܳܐ ܩܰܕܡܳܐ ܘܢܰܨܺܝܚܳܐ ܠܰܚܒܳܫܳܐ ܕܰܬܪ̈ܶܝܢ ܐܰܪܥܶܗ ܟܳܗܢܳܐ ܕܰܬܪ̈ܶܝܢ ܪܰܚܡܳܢܳܐ ܨܠܰܘ̈ܳܬܶܗ ܕܶܝܢ ܕܰܐ̱ܚܪܳܝܳܐ ܣܳܓ ܬܽܘܪ̈ܥܳܬܰܢ ܟܰܣܝܳܐܺܝܬ ܢܨܺܝܒܺܝܢ ܢܨܺܝܒܰܬ ܥܰܠ ܡ̈ܰܝܳܐ ܡ̈ܰܝܳܐ ܟ̈ܣܰܝܳܐ ܘܰܓ̈ܠܰܝܳܐ ܢܶܒ̈ܥܶܐ ܚ̈ܰܝܶܐ ܠܓܰܘ ܡܶܢܳܗ̇ ܢܰܗܪܳܐ ܓܰܐܝܳܐ ܠܒܰܪ ܡܶܢܳܗ̇ ܢܰܗܪܳܐ ܕܰܠܒܰܪ ܕܰܓܶܠ ܒܳܗ̇ ܡܰܒܽܘܥܳܐ ܕܰܠܓܰܘ ܢܰܛܪܳܗ̇ ܟܳܗܢܳܐ ܩܰܕܡܳܐ ܦܰܠܳܚܳܗ̇ ܣܰܘ̈ܟܶܝܗ̇ ܪܰܒܺܝ ܒܰܫܡܰܝܳܐ ܗܳܐ ܡܺܝܬ ܘܰܩܒܺܝܪ ܒܓܰܘܳܗ̇ ܗܘܼܳܐ ܠܶܗ ܦܺܐܪܳܐ ܒܓܰܘ ܥܽܘܒܳܗ̇ ܒܰܕܓܽܘܢ ܕܶܐܬܰܘ ܦܳܣ̈ܽܘܩܶܐ ܦܺܐܪܳܐ ܕܰܒܓܰܘܳܗ̇ ܢܰܛܪܳܗ̇ ܡܛܳܐ ܗ̱ܘܳܐ ܙܰܒܢܳܐ ܕܰܦܣܳܩܳܗ̇ ܥܰܠ ܗܰܘ ܕܰܒܪܶܗ ܠܦܰܠܳܚܳܗ̇ ܕܠܳܐ ܢܶܗܘܶܐ ܥܠܶܝܗ̇ ܒܰܥܳܝܳܐ ܪܶܗܛܰܬ ܗܼܺܝ ܒܰܨܢܺܝܥܽܘܬܳܗ̇ ܣܳܡܬܶܗ ܒܥܽܘܒܳܗ̇ ܠܦܰܠܳܚܳܗ̇ ܕܬܶܬܦܰܨܶܐ ܒܝܰܕ ܦܰܠܳܚܳܗ̇ ܕܳܡܝܳܝܳܢ ܡ̈ܰܠܳܠܳܬܐ ܒܢ̈ܳܬ ܢܨܺܝܒܺܝܢ ܠܰܢܨܺܝܒܺܝܢ ܕܣܳܡܰܬ ܦܰܓܪܳܐ ܠܓܰܘ ܡܶܢܳܗ̇ ܘܰܗܼܘܳܐ ܫܽܘܪܳܐ ܠܒܰܪ ܡܶܢܳܗ̇ ܣܺܝܡܺܝܢ ܒܟܶܝܢ ܦܰܓܪܳܐ ܚܰܝܳܐ ܕܢܶܗܘܶܐ ܫܽܘܪܳܐ ܠܚܰܝ̈ܰܝܟܺܝܢ
English
In the first one, types came up, came up with him, and went out with him. In the middle one, he approached and withdrew, the crown that encircles the churches. In the last one, however, that which descended to you is a grace that is not requited. Against the first wrath, he offered the labor of the first one. Against the shame of the noon, the shade of the middle one stood. Against the oppressive heat, the last one increased his vigilance. For the first bandage, the first priest and the physician applied it. For the bandage of the two, the priest of the two, the compassionate one, applied it. The prayers of the last one, however, multiplied its hidden portals. The physician was fixed upon the waters, the hidden and revealed waters. Eggs seek life within her; the river, glorious, is outside her. The river outside, which deceived in her, the spring within preserves her. The first priest, her cultivator, her branches grew in the sky. Behold, he died and was buried within her; he had a fruit within her womb. In the deception, when the cutters came, the fruit within her preserved her. The time for her cutting had arrived, upon him who brought her cultivator, so that he would not be a seeker upon her; she ran in her swiftness. She placed her cultivator in her womb, so that she might be redeemed by the hand of her cultivator. Similar are the discourses in the house of the physician to the physician, that she placed a body within her, and it became a wall outside her. The living body is placed in pain, so that it may become a wall for your life.
Citation. Tergwame, “Nisibis 13”, dsc-270:1, machine-draft, 2026. https://naxiai.com/christian/works/dsc-270#s1
Colophon. Source: syriac · licence: CC BY 4.0 · model: deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash:floor · provider: Relace · cost: $0.0028 · generated 2026-11-15.