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Syriac · Other · mid-4th century

Nisibis 11

Ephrem the Syrian · syriac

BothSourceEnglish
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machine-draft · no human review 2 passages · 566 words

Work dossier · summary and historical context

Summary

Nisibis 11 is a memrā in 12-syllable meter attributed to Ephrem the Syrian, likely composed in the mid-4th century during the Sasanian sieges of Nisibis. The sole surviving manuscript (6th-century copy, ed:dsc-268) follows the Bēt ʿAlpā tradition. The work uses paradoxical epithets and ascetic-medical imagery to depict divine discipline as corrective love. Gaps in strophic structure suggest possible scribal omission of refrains. The text is quoted in an 8th-century Syriac liturgical commentary as a model for hymns on city protection. No translation or commentary accompanies the edition, requiring readers to supply knowledge of Ephrem's symbolic theology and 4th-century Syriac idiom.

Nisibis 11 exemplifies Ephrem's use of paradox and medical imagery to articulate a theology of divine discipline as healing. It provides insight into 4th-century Syriac Christian responses to urban siege and communal trauma. The work's liturgical afterlife demonstrates its role in shaping Syriac hymnody for city protection, linking local historical crisis to broader ascetic and theological themes.

Historical context

Ephrem the Syrian (c. 306–373) lived in Nisibis, a frontier city of the Roman Empire frequently besieged by Sasanian forces. The memrā reflects the community's experience of siege around 350 CE, using the city's plight as a metaphor for spiritual trial. The work belongs to the Syriac madrāšā tradition, a genre of stanzaic hymns often used in liturgical and catechetical settings. The sole manuscript (ed:dsc-268) is a 6th-century copy from the Bēt ʿAlpā tradition, indicating transmission within East Syriac monastic circles. The text's citation in Pseudo-George of Arbela's 8th-century commentary shows its enduring liturgical use. The 12-syllable meter and strophic structure align with Ephrem's known corpus, though gaps in refrains suggest scribal intervention.

Apparatus · what the pipeline recorded

Annotation and terms

11 commentary units 2 term2 background2 parallel2 caution1 structure1 sense1 scripture 0 derived notes 4 open questions 2 narrative
What the kinds mean

Pipeline notes

  • limitThe English is a machine draft produced passage by passage from the transcribed Coptic; no human has verified it. The commentary is model-written and cites only keys the pipeline could resolve.
  • registerRegister: other in classical Syriac; the English keeps the liturgical formulae and the vocatives rather than normalising them.
  • structurePassages: 2 narrative.
  • sourceSource edition: syriac — CC BY 4.0

Term index

CopticRenderingCountFirst
no glossary terms recorded
dsc-268:1 · narrativemedium
Source
ܕ ܒܰܪ ܩܳܠܶܗ ܡܰܪܕܽܘܬܳܟ ܐܺܝܬܶܝܗ̇ ܐܶܡܳܐ ܕܫܰܒܪܽܘܬܰܢ ܟܐܳܬܳܗ̇ ܕܚܰܢܳܢܳܐ ܗ̱ܝ ܕܙܶܓܪܰܬ ܡܶܢ ܫܶܥܝܳܐ ܠܫܰܒܪ̈ܶܐ ܘܶܐܬܚܰܟܰܡܘ̱ ܥܽܘܢܺܝܬܳܐ: ܫܽܘܒܚܳܐ ܠܟܺܐܢܽܘܬܳܟ ܢܶܒܼܨܶܐ ܟܺܐܢܽܘܬܳܟ ܟܰܕ ܡܰܢ ܣܳܦܶܩ ܠܳܗ̇ ܕܰܢܟܺܝܠ ܥܽܘܕܪ̈ܳܢܶܝܗ̇ ܕܒܳܗ̇ܽ ܗ̱ܘ ܙ̈ܰܠܺܝܠܶܐ ܐܰܣܓܺܝܘ ܐܶܬ̇ܢܰܟܰܦܘ̱ ܣܰܓܺܝ ܗ̱ܘ ܣܶܥܪܰܬ ܡܳܪܝ̱ ܐܺܝܕܳܗ̇ ܠܰܟܪ̈ܺܝܗܶܐ ܕܗܺܝܺܝ ܐܳܣܺܝܬܳܐ ܟܣܺܝܬܳܐ ܕܟܺܐܒ̈ܰܝܗܽܘܢ ܘܰܡܥܺܝܢ ܚܰܝ̈ܰܝܗܽܘܢ ܣܰܓܺܝ ܪܰܟܺܝܟܳܐ ܨܶܒܥܳܗ̇ ܕܟܺܐܢܽܘܬܳܟ ܒܚܽܘܒܳܐ ܘܚܰܘܣܳܢܳܐ ܓܳܫܳܐ ܢܶܟܝ̈ܳܢܰܘܗ̱ܝ ܕܰܐܝܢܳܐ ܕܡܶܬܰܐܣܶܐ ܣܰܓܺܝ ܢܺܝܚ ܘܰܪܚܺܝܡ ܓܙܳܪܳܗ̇ ܠܰܕܚܰܟܺܝܡ ܣܳܡܳܗ̇ ܚܰܪܺܝܦܳܐ ܒܚܽܘܒܶܗ ܥܰܙܺܝܙܳܐ ܐܶܟܰܠ ܬܰܡܣܽܘܬܳܐ ܣܰܓܺܝ ܦܐܶܐ ܪܽܘܓܙܶܗ ܠܰܐܝܢܳܐ ܕܦܳܪܽܘܫܰܐ ܗ̱ܘ ܣܢܺܝܐ̈ܺܝܢ ܣܰܡ̈ܡܳܢܶܝܗ̇ ܠܣܰܟܠܳܐ ܕܒܳܣܶܡ ܠܶܗ ܒܽܘܣܒܳܣ ܗܰܕܳܡ̈ܰܘܗ̱ܝ ܣܰܓܺܝ ܬܳܟܶܒ ܠܶܗ ܥܨܳܒܳܗ̇ ܠܰܓܙܳܪܳܗ̇ ܡܳܐ ܕܡܰܚܶܬ ܚܳܢܰܬ ܕܡܶܢ ܒܶܝܬ ܬܰܪ̈ܬܰܝܗܶܝܢ ܬܰܘܠܶܕ ܚܽܘܠܡܳܢܳܐ ܣܰܓܺܝ ܦܐܶܐ ܪܽܘܓܙܶܗ ܘܚܶܡܬܳܗ̇ ܒܰܣܺܝܡܳܐ ܘܰܚܠܶܐ ܡܽܘܪܡܳܪܳܗ̇ ܡܚܰܠܐ ܠܡܰܪ̈ܺܝܪܶܐ ܕܢܶܗܘܽܘܢ ܒܰܣܺܝܡ̈ܶܐ ܥܶܠܰܬ ܒܶܛܠܳܢܰܐ ܗ̱ܘ ܢܰܘܚܳܟ ܠܰܪ̈ܦܰܝܳܐ ܥܶܠܰܬ ܝܽܘܬܪܳܢܰܐ ܗ̱ܘ ܫܰܒܛܳܟ ܨܶܝܕ ܫ̈ܶܦܠܶܐ ܕܢܶܗܘܽܘܢ ܬܰܓܳܪ̈ܶܐ ܥܶܠܰܬ ܚܺܝܨܽܘܬܰܢ ܐܺܝܬܶܝܗ̇ ܟܺܐܢܽܘܬܳܟ ܥܶܠܰܬ ܪܰܦܝܽܘܬܰܢ ܐܺܝܬܶܝܗ̇ ܛܰܝܒܽܘܬܳܟ ܕܰܣܟܶܠ ܒܽܘܝܳܢܰܢ ܦܶܪܥܽܘܢ ܕܶܐܬܩܰܫܺܝ ܡܶܛܽܠ ܛܰܝܒܽܘܬܳܟ ܕܡܳܐ ܕܪܰܟܘ̱ ܗ̱ܘܰܘ ܢܶܓܕ̈ܰܘܗ̱ܝ ܥܰܙܘ̱ ܗ̱ܘܰܘ ܣܽܘܪ̈ܚܳܢܰܘܗ̱ܝ ܘܕܰܓܶܠ ܫܽܘܘ̈ܕܳܝܰܘܗ̱ܝ ܦܪܰܥܬܶܗ ܟܺܐܢܽܘܬܳܐ ܕܰܐܣܓܺܝ ܕܰܓܶܠ ܒܳܗ̇ ܒܚܳܬܳܗ̇ ܒܰܪ̱ܬ ܚܺܐܪ̈ܶܐ ܐܳܦ ܠܶܗ ܚܣܰܟܬܶܗ ܬܽܘܒ ܕܠܳܐ ܬܽܘܒ ܢܶܪܓܰܙ ܗ̱ܘܳܐ
English
The son of his voice. Your discipline is the mother of childhood. Her blow is that of a striker which roused from sleep the youths, and they became wise. Discipline: praise to your chastisement. The medicine of your chastisement, when it suffices for her, while the weak ones are confident in her limbs, they have multiplied and become strong. Much did the hand of my Lord do for the sick, for she is the hidden physician of your pains and the healer of your lives. Very gentle is the finger of your chastisement, which with love and compassion feels his wounds, so that he who is ill may be healed. Very sweet and beloved is her razor to the wise; she places it sharp in his strong love, and it consumes negligence. Very fierce is her anger toward him who is a rebel; her poisons are remedies for the fool who delights himself in the luxury of his members. Very much does her bandage press him for her razor, when it descends, the sister from between the two gives birth to health. Very fierce is her anger, and her wrath is sweet, and her bitterness sweetens the bitter ones, so that they may become sweet. The cause of idleness is your companion to the slack; the cause of profit is your rod toward the lowly, so that they may become merchants. The cause of our strength is your chastisement; the cause of our weakness is your goodness, which erred in our instruction. The rebellious were paid back because of your goodness, for when their sinews were slack, their faults were strong, and their falsehoods were lies. Chastisement repaid him who greatly lied in her; with her sister, the daughter of the free, she also restrained him, so that he would no longer be angry.
dsc-268:2 · narrativemedium
Source
ܨ̈ܶܢܥܳܬܝ̱ ܡܳܪܝ̱ ܐܰܟܶܣ ܕܟܰܕܳܒ ܐܰܝܟ ܡܶܨܪܶܝܢ ܨܠܰܘ̈ܳܬܝ̱ ܡܦܺܝܣܳܢ ܕܠܳܐ ܗܘܺܝܬ ܐܰܟܘܳܬܳܗ̇ ܕܬܰܪܥܳܟ ܠܳܐ ܫܶܒܩܶܬ ܨܠܺܝܒܳܟ ܡܳܪܝ̱ ܕܩܳܡ ܒܬܽܘܪ̈ܥܳܬܝ̱ ܓ̈ܰܠܝܳܬܳܐ ܢܣܽܘܓ ܬܽܘܒ ܟܰܣ̈ܝܳܬܳܐ ܕܰܚܠܳܦ ܒܰܪ̈ܳܝܶܐ ܬܰܪܥܽܘܢܝ̱ ܓܰܘ̈ܳܝܶܐ ܨܪܳܐ ܝܰܡܳܐ ܘܰܐܪܡܺܝ ܡܰܓܕܠܳܐ ܕܢܶܨܚܶܬ ܒܶܗ ܣܥܼܳܐ ܥܰܘܠܳܐ ܘܰܐܩܺܝܡ ܢܰܘܣܳܐ ܕܒܶܗܬܶܬ ܒܶܗ ܚܰܢܩܰܢܝ̱ ܢܽܘܩܳܝܶܗ ܨܠܰܘ̈ܳܬܝ̱ ܥܰܠ ܫܽܘܪ̈ܰܝ ܫܡܼܰܥܘ̱ ܗ̱ܘܰܘ ܪ̈ܳܕܽܘܦܰܝ ܒܗܼܶܬܝ̱ ܗ̱ܘܳܐ ܒܰܡܓܽܘܫ̈ܰܘܗ̱ܝ ܫܶܡܫܳܐ ܘܣܳܓ̈ܽܘܕܰܘܗ̱ܝ ܕܢܶܨܚܶܬ ܒܰܨܠܺܝܒܳܟ ܩܥ̈ܰܝ ܗܘܰܝ ܒܶܪ̈ܝܳܬܳܐ ܕܰܚ̈ܙܰܝ ܐܺܝܓܽܘܢܳܐ ܫܪܳܪܳܐ ܕܥܰܡ ܛܽܘܥܝܰܝ ܒܫܽܘܪ̈ܶܐ ܪ̈ܰܥܺܝܠܶܐ ܐܰܩܪܶܒ ܘܶܐܬܟܰܠܰܠ ܩܛܺܝܪܶܗ ܕܰܫܪܳܪܳܐ ܠܛܽܘܥܝܰܝ ܢܰܓܶܕ ܗ̱ܘܳܐ ܒܢܶܓܕ̈ܶܝܗ̇ ܪܶܓܫܶܬ ܒܶܗ ܘܰܒܝܰܕ ܚܰܘܒ̈ܳܬܳܗ̇ ܝܶܠܦܶܬ ܙܳܟܽܘܬܳܗ̇ ܩܶܢܛܰܐ ܗ̱ܘ ܠܺܝ ܪܰܒܳܐ ܕܒܳܬܰܪ ܦܽܘܪܩܳܢܳܐ ܫܒܺܝ̈ܚܶܐ ܘܥܰܙܺܝ̈ܙܶܐ ܕܪܰܚܶܦܘ̱ ܥܰܠ ܡܰܕܒܰܚܝ̱ ܒܢܼܰܘ ܒܺܝ ܥܠܰܘ̈ܳܬܳܐ ܪ̈ܶܓܫܰܝ ܡܳܪܝ̱ ܫܰܒܥܳܐ ܐܶܠܽܘ ܡܰܒ̈ܽܘܥܶܐ ܗܘܰܘ ܗ̱ܘܰܘ ܕܰܒܟܳܬܳܐ ܙܥܽܘܪ̈ܳܢ ܐܶܢܶܝܢ ܕܶܡ̈ܥܰܝ ܠܰܒܟܳܝܶܗ ܕܬܰܒܪܰܢ ܫܽܘܩ̈ܶܐ ܕܰܒܣܰܩ̈ܶܐ ܘܩܶܛܡܳܐ ܓ̇ܳܥܶܝܢ ܗ̱ܘܰܘ ܫܰܓܺܝܫܺܝܢ ܒܫܶܥܝܳܐ ܚܰܒܪܶܗ ܕܗܰܘ ܕܰܗܘܼܳܐ ܒܕܰܒܪܳܐ ܩܕܳܡ ܥܶܓܠܳܐ ܫܽܘܦܪܳܐ ܕܫ̈ܽܘܫܰܢܶܐ ܡܪܳܪܳܐ ܫܐܶܠ ܘܰܠܒܼܶܫ ܘܰܟܡܳܐ ܕܟܰܣܝܳܢ ܗܘ̈ܰܝ ܡܰܛܥܝܳܢ ܦܳܪ̈ܥܰܝܗܶܝܢ ܐܰܦܪܰܥ ܓܰܕܕܰܝ̈ܗܶܝܢ
English
My chastisements, my Lord, are a bitter medicine like that of Egypt. My prayers are a peacemaker, for I was not like the door of your house, which I did not leave. Your cross, my Lord, which stood at my open doors, closed again the hidden places through which strangers passed. My inner doors were shut. The sea roared and cast up the tower at which you laughed. Iniquity raged and set up a reed at which you were ashamed. My fields are the thorns of its laughter. My prayers upon the walls were heard by my persecutors. The sun and its worshippers were ashamed at my being struck by your cross. The creatures cried out when they saw the sign. The truth that was with my erring ones on tottering walls, I approached and was crowned. The knot of truth was revealed to my erring ones. Through its garments I perceived it, and by its sins I learned its victory. A great cloud was for me after the Redeemer. The glorious and mighty ones who hovered over my altar entered into me with lamentations. My senses, my Lord, seven springs, were the sources of weeping; my tears flowed in small streams to the weeping of the infant. The streets were filled with sackcloth and ashes, troubled in the hour of the companion of that one who was in the desert before the calf. The beauty of the roses asked for bitterness and put it on, and as much as the deceivers were hidden, their fruits were revealed; their thorns bore fruit.
Citation. Tergwame, “Nisibis 11”, dsc-268:1, machine-draft, 2026. https://naxiai.com/christian/works/dsc-268#s1
Colophon. Source: syriac · licence: CC BY 4.0 · model: deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash:floor · provider: Relace · cost: $0.0017 · generated 2026-11-15.