Ethiopic · Hagiography ·
Anonymous · betmas
Work dossier · summary and historical context
This anonymous Ethiopic miracle recounts how Saint Michael transforms a poor man into a rich man through his intercessory power. The narrative follows the standard hagiographic pattern of the Dǝrsanä Mikaʾel cycle, opening with a doxological preamble and the formulaic incipit taʾammərīhu. Michael is invoked with distinctive Ethiopic epithets such as 'angel of the covenant' and 'rod of the Trinity,' reflecting local theological emphases. The text survives in a single manuscript (betmas:LIT7187MiracleMichaelPoor) and is conventionally dated to the later Solomonic period (15th–17th c.) based on manuscript evidence, though no firm terminus is established. Its liturgical use is unrecorded, but it likely belonged to the monthly readings on the 12th.
This miracle exemplifies the Ethiopic tradition of Michaeline hagiography, emphasizing the saint's role as a provider of material blessings and spiritual protection. Its rare epithet 'rod of the Trinity' and ambiguous demonic reference offer insights into local theological creativity and textual transmission challenges. The work contributes to understanding the Solomonic period's devotional practices and the centrality of Michael in Ethiopian Orthodox piety.
The work is part of the extensive Ethiopic cycle of Saint Michael miracles, which flourished in the Solomonic period (1270–1769) under the patronage of the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church. These miracles were composed in Geʿez, the classical liturgical language, and were widely copied for devotional reading on the 12th of each month, a practice tied to Michael's role as guardian of the covenant and intercessor. The single manuscript witness (betmas:LIT7187MiracleMichaelPoor) limits textual criticism, and the absence of a critical edition obscures potential variant readings. The epithet 'rod of the Trinity' is rare and may indicate local theological innovation or textual corruption. The community likely valued Michael as a protector against poverty and demonic forces, as suggested by the ambiguous reference to 'Belhor' (possibly a demon). The work's anonymity and lack of firm dating reflect the broader pattern of hagiographic production in Ethiopia, where authorship was often secondary to liturgical function.
Apparatus · what the pipeline recorded
| Coptic | Rendering | Count | First |
|---|---|---|---|
| no glossary terms recorded | |||