Work dossier · summary and historical context
The Geʿez translation of the Book of Malachi, preserved within the Ethiopic Old Testament manuscript tradition, is part of the broader corpus of the Minor Prophets. Its original Hebrew composition dates to the 5th century BCE, but the Geʿez version likely emerged during the Aksumite period (4th–7th centuries CE). The text is used in the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church's liturgical cycles, though less prominently than the Gospels. This edition lacks a critical apparatus for variant readings or a full textual commentary. Notable features include a unique superscription, obscure transliterated phrases, and expansions not found in the Hebrew Masoretic Text, such as references to Jacob and Esau and the rebuilding of an Edomite altar.
The Geʿez Malachi is significant for its unique textual expansions and adaptations, which illuminate how biblical texts were reinterpreted in the Ethiopian Christian context. It provides evidence of the Aksumite translation enterprise and the development of Ethiopic biblical literature. The text's divergences from the Hebrew Masoretic Text offer insights into the Vorlage used and the theological priorities of the Ethiopian Orthodox tradition.
The Geʿez translation of Malachi was produced in the Aksumite kingdom (modern-day Ethiopia and Eritrea) between the 4th and 7th centuries CE, a period when Christianity became the state religion and Geʿez emerged as the liturgical language. The translation was part of a larger project to render the Old Testament into Geʿez, likely based on Greek (Septuagint) or Syriac exemplars. The text was transmitted in manuscripts alongside the other Minor Prophets, often within the broader Ethiopic biblical canon. The Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church incorporated Malachi into its liturgical readings, though its use was secondary to the Gospels. The translation reflects local theological concerns, such as clerical corruption and geopolitical symbolism (e.g., Edom representing Rome). The manuscript tradition is fragmentary, and no single critical edition exists.
Apparatus · what the pipeline recorded
| Coptic | Rendering | Count | First |
|---|---|---|---|
| no glossary terms recorded | |||