Work dossier · summary and historical context
This work is a Geʿez hagiography (gädl) of Emperor Fāsiladas (r. 1632–1667), a 17th-century Ethiopian ruler known for expelling Jesuit missionaries and consolidating Orthodox identity. The text follows the conventional structure of Ethiopian saint’s lives, including a trinitarian invocation, salutations to the saint’s body parts (malkəʾ-hymn pattern), and accounts of miracles. It presents Fāsiladas as a martyr and saint, likely for liturgical use on his feast day (19 Säné). The sole known manuscript witness, dated to the 18th or 19th century, provides no critical apparatus, leaving the composition date uncertain. The hagiography blends political legitimation with religious narrative, idealizing the emperor’s reign and conflicts with Catholicism.
This hagiography is a key source for understanding the posthumous veneration of Fāsiladas and the construction of his saintly image in Ethiopian Orthodox tradition. It illustrates how political and religious conflicts of the 17th century were reframed in hagiographic topoi, blending history with idealization. The work also exemplifies the malkəʾ-hymn genre and the use of Geʿez in later Ethiopian literature.
The hagiography is set in the Gondar period of the Ethiopian Empire, during and after the reign of Emperor Fāsiladas (r. 1632–1667). Fāsiladas is remembered for reversing the pro-Catholic policies of his predecessor Susenyos, expelling Jesuit missionaries, and restoring the traditional Orthodox faith. The text was likely composed in the Geʿez language within the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church, possibly in a monastic or courtly scriptorium in or near Gondar. Its exact date is unknown; it may have been written shortly after Fāsiladas’s death (1667) or later, as part of a dynastic or monastic effort to promote his cult. The single surviving manuscript (18th–19th c.) suggests limited circulation. The work belongs to the gädl genre, which typically includes miracles, ascetic feats, and posthumous veneration, and it may have been read during liturgical commemorations. The hagiography’s portrayal of Fāsiladas as a martyr likely reflects his role in defending Orthodoxy against foreign influence, though historical records show he died peacefully.
Apparatus · what the pipeline recorded
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