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Image of Bǝḍuʿa ʾAmlāk of Dabra Mǝʿǝwān

Anonymous · betmas

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machine-draft · no human review 2 passages · 415 words

Work dossier · summary and historical context

Summary

The anonymous Ethiopic poem 'Bǝḍuʿa ʾAmlāk' (the elect of God) is a liturgical hymn in the malkǝʿ genre, praising a monastic saint. It survives in the manuscript tradition of Dabra Mǝʿǝwān monastery in northern Ethiopia, likely copied in the 18th–19th centuries. The work is conventionally assigned to the later Solomonic period (15th–17th c.) based on style and manuscript context. The poem consists of four stanzas, each opening with the salutation ሰላም, and employs biblical allusions such as the burning bush and references to Lazarus. It reflects local veneration of Bǝḍuʿa ʾAmlāk and is part of the broader Ethiopic hymnody tradition.

This poem exemplifies the malkǝʿ genre and the local veneration of monastic saints in Ethiopian Christianity. Its biblical allusions and liturgical structure illuminate the theological and poetic traditions of the Solomonic period. The work also provides insight into the manuscript culture of Dabra Mǝʿǝwān, a monastery with ties to the Ark of the Covenant cult, and contributes to the study of Ethiopic hymnody and hagiography.

Historical context

The poem originates from the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church, likely composed in Geʿez during the later Solomonic period (15th–17th centuries). It is preserved in manuscripts from Dabra Mǝʿǝwān, a monastery in northern Ethiopia, with copies dating to the 18th–19th centuries. The malkǝʿ genre, to which this work belongs, is a form of liturgical praise poetry used in the veneration of saints, often performed during feast days. The poem's inclusion in the Dabra Mǝʿǝwān collection indicates local cultic significance. The text survives only in Geʿez, with no known critical edition or translation; the English rendering is modern. The work's transmission is limited to Ethiopian monastic circles, and its authorship remains anonymous, typical of many hagiographic hymns.

Apparatus · what the pipeline recorded

Annotation and terms

12 commentary units 2 structure2 term2 scripture2 background2 reception2 caution 0 derived notes 3 open questions 2 narrative
What the kinds mean

Pipeline notes

  • limitThe English is a machine draft produced passage by passage from the transcribed Coptic; no human has verified it. The commentary is model-written and cites only keys the pipeline could resolve.
  • registerRegister: poetry in Geʿez; the English keeps the liturgical formulae and the vocatives rather than normalising them.
  • structurePassages: 2 narrative.
  • sourceSource edition: betmas — CC BY-SA 4.0 (per file); site footer states NC-SA - treat as NC

Term index

CopticRenderingCountFirst
no glossary terms recorded
LIT0517Malke:1 · narrativehigh
Source
ሰላም፡ ለዝክረ፡ ስምከ፡ በሰሌዳ፡ ሞገስ፡ ዘተቀልመ፨ ወበጼወ፡ ክህነት፡ ተቀስመ፨ ብፁዐ፡ አምላክ፡ ዐዋዲ፡ እንተ፡ ሰበከ፡ ዓለመ፨ እንተ፡ ትብል፡ ወልደ፡ አምላክ፡ በእንተ፡ ፍቅረ፡ ሰብእ፡ ዘሐመ፨ በከመ፡ ዳዊት፡ ነበበ፡ ወቄርሎስ፡ ተርጐመ፨ ሰላም፡ ሰላም፡ ይደሉ፡ በውዳሴ፨ ለመቅደሰ፡ ወንጌል፡ ከርሥከ፡ ዘአኅረመ፡ ቍርባነ፡ ባዕሴ፨ ብፁዐ፡ አምላክ፡ አልዐዛር፡ በቤትከ፡ ቤተ፡ ቅዳሴ፨ አመ፡ ገብሩ፡ ክናሴ፡ አጋእዝትየ፡ ሥላሴ፨ ምሥጢረ፡ ምሥጢራት፡ ነጸርከ፡ ዘኢርእየ፡ ሙሴ፨ ሰላም፡ ለበድነ፡ ሥጋከ፡ በኵረ፡ ድንግል፡ ዘገነዞ፨ በመዐዛ፡ ዕጣን፡ ንጹሕ፡ እንዘ፡ ያምዕዝ፡ አምዕዞ፨ ብፁዐ፡ አምላክ፡ ፍንው፡ ለምሕረት፡ ወለናዝዞ፨ ለሲኦል፡ መዛግብቲሃ፡ አመ፡ አግአዝከ፡ አግዕዞ፨ መልአከ፡ ጽልመት፡ ደንገፀ፡ በዐቢይ፡ ተክዞ፨ ሰላም፡ ለግንዘተ፡ ሥጋከ፡ ለበኵረ፡ ድንግል፡ በእዱ፨ በልብሰ፡ ሜላት፡ ንጹሕ፡ ከመ፡ እለ፡ እንጦንስ፡ አልመዱ፨ ብፁዐ፡ አምላክ፡ በጸጋ፡ እለ፡ ኪያከ፡ ወለዱ፨ ቦ፡ በእግር፡ ዲበ፡ ዘባነ፡ ባሕር፡ ዘኬዱ፨ ወቦ፡ በእሳት፡ ማየ፡ ባሕር፡ አንደዱ፨
English
Salutation to the memory of your name, which is inscribed on the tablet of grace, and which is sealed with the oil of priesthood. Bǝḍuʿa ʾAmlāk, herald who proclaimed the world, who says "Son of God" concerning the love of man that was kindled, as David chanted and Cyril translated. Salutation, salutation, praise is due to the sanctuary of the Gospel, your heart which received the distant offering. Bǝḍuʿa ʾAmlāk, Lazarus in your house, a house of sanctification, when the lords of the Trinity performed the assembly. You beheld the mystery of mysteries which Moses saw. Salutation to the burial of your body, which the firstborn of the Virgin prepared, with the fragrance of pure incense, while it perfumed and was perfumed. Bǝḍuʿa ʾAmlāk, generous for mercy and for compassion, when you opened and unlocked the gates of Sheol. The angel of darkness trembled with great fear. Salutation to the deposition of your body, for the firstborn of the Virgin by hand, in a pure garment of haircloth, as those of Anthony clothed themselves. Bǝḍuʿa ʾAmlāk, by the grace of those who bore you, there where they walked on the surface of the sea, and there where they kindled the water of the sea with fire.
LIT0517Malke:2 · narrativemedium
Source
ሰላም፡ ለመቃብሪከ፡ ኀበ፡ ሥላሴ፡ አመሩ፨ እንዘ፡ ይቤሉ፡ ዝየ፡ ለሥጋከ፡ መካነ፡ ዝኅሩ፨ ብፁዐ፡ አምላክ፡ ክብረከ፡ ሶበ፡ በልቡና፡ ነጸሩ፨ እንዘ፡ ይብሉ፡ በእንቲአከ፡ እለ፡ ጳውሎስ፡ ነገሩ፨ እምነ፡ ኮከብ፡ ይኄይስ፡ ለኮከብ፡ ክብሩ፨ አብ፡ ወወልድ፡ ወመንፈስ፡ ቅዱስ፡ ይትባረኩ፨ በዲበ፡ ክብርከ፡ ክብረ፡ ዘለለ፡ ጽባሑ፡ ወሰኩ፨ ብፁዐ፡ አምላክ፡ በለኒ፡ ሶበ፡ ስመከ፡ ጸዋዕኩ፨ ሠመርኩ፡ መኀልየከ፡ ወዕሤተ፡ አብዛኅኩ፨ እስመ፡ አደመኒ፡ ሊተ፡ ንባብከ፡ ዝኩ፨ ድርዐ፡ ሃይማኖት፡ ዕጹፍ፡ በሰሌዳ፡ ሰማይ፡ ጽሑፍ፨ አሚነ፡ ሥላሴ፡ እምንእሱ፡ ውኩፍ፨ ብፁዐ፡ አምላክ፡ ልሳነ፡ ሰይፍ፨ ሰላም፡ ለከ፡ ኮለ፡ ደብረ፡ ቢዘን፡ ሐዋዝ፨ እምነ፡ አፈዋት፡ ምዑዝ፨ በላዔ፡ መጻሕፍት፡ ከመ፡ ሐባውዝ፨ ብፁዐ፡ አምላክ፡ ሠናየ፡ ግዕዝ፨ ሰላም፡ ለከ፡ ለርስዓንየ፡ ሐድሳ፨ ኀዘነ፡ ልብየ፡ በሐሤት፡ አንፍሳ፨ ብፁዐ፡ አምላክ፡ ሠርጐ፡ ከኒሳ፨ ሰላም፡ ለከ፡ መትልወ፡ ሃይማኖት፡ ዝጉብ፨ ወሀሊበ፡ ወንጌል፡ ጽጉብ፨ ወሪደከ፡ ዝየ፡ እምነ፡ ተድባብ፨ በረከተ፡ ወልድ፡ አኮኑ፡ ዕቁብ፨ ባርከኒ፡ አባ፡ በጥዑም፡ ንባብ፨
English
Salutation to your tomb, where the Trinity made it beautiful, while they say, "Here is the place of your body, the hidden place." Bǝḍuʿa ʾAmlāk, your glory when they looked with the heart, while they say concerning you those whom Paul proclaimed: "From star, more beautiful than star is its glory." May the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit be blessed upon your glory, glory that surpasses the dawn and its boundary. Bǝḍuʿa ʾAmlāk, tell me when I called your name: I composed your poem and multiplied the gift, for you taught me this your eloquence. A coat of mail of faith, unshakable, written on the tablet of heaven; firm in the Trinity from childhood. Bǝḍuʿa ʾAmlāk, tongue of a sword. Salutation to you, the valley of Dabra Qʷǝzǝn, sweet from the mouths, devourer of books like a weevil. Bǝḍuʿa ʾAmlāk, good of Geʿez. Salutation to you, for the renewal of my vision; my heart grieved with joy in my soul. Bǝḍuʿa ʾAmlāk, chain of the sanctuary. Salutation to you, equal of faith, the girded one, and the holder of the Gospel, the gathered one; you who descended here from the clouds. The blessing of the Son, let it be a shield. Bless me, Father, with sweet eloquence.
Citation. Tergwame, “Image of Bǝḍuʿa ʾAmlāk of Dabra Mǝʿǝwān”, LIT0517Malke:1, machine-draft, 2026. https://naxiai.com/christian/works/LIT0517Malke#s1
Colophon. Source: betmas · licence: CC BY-SA 4.0 (per file); site footer states NC-SA - treat as NC · model: deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash:floor · provider: Relace · cost: $0.0019 · generated 2026-11-15.