Work dossier · summary and historical context
This work is an anonymous Geʿez malkǝʿ (image) poem in honor of Yoḥannǝs (John the Evangelist), following the standard structure of saluting bodily parts or attributes in successive stanzas. The edition is based on a single manuscript from the Betǝsata Maṣāḥǝft collection, with no information on date, provenance, or condition. The text is undated and could range from the classical period of Geʿez hymnody (14th–17th c.) to later centuries. It likely served a liturgical function in the Ethiopian Orthodox Tǝwahǝdo Church, recited during the month of Ṭǝrr. The edition lacks critical apparatus, translation, or commentary, limiting its philological utility.
This malkǝʿ poem contributes to the corpus of Ethiopic hymnody dedicated to John the Evangelist, illustrating the genre's persistence and adaptability. Its anonymous, undated status highlights the challenges of studying Ethiopic liturgical literature, where many works survive in single, poorly documented manuscripts. The poem's conventional structure and themes offer a window into devotional practices and theological emphases of the Ethiopian Orthodox tradition.
The malkǝʿ genre flourished in Ethiopian Orthodox literature from the 14th century onward, with many poems composed for saints and apostles. This work honors John the Evangelist, a figure venerated in Ethiopian tradition. The poem's structure—saluting body parts—is typical of malkǝʿ hymns, which were used liturgically, especially during the saint's feast month (Ṭǝrr). The single manuscript witness from the Betǝsata Maṣāḥǝft collection provides no date or provenance, so the text could originate anywhere from the classical period (14th–17th c.) to the 19th or 20th century. The anonymous authorship and lack of external evidence make precise dating impossible. The poem's use of biblical exemplars (Abraham, Job) and ascetic models (Paul of Thebes) reflects common Ethiopic hagiographic conventions.
Apparatus · what the pipeline recorded
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| no glossary terms recorded | |||