Work dossier · summary and historical context
This work is an anonymous Ethiopic malkeʿ hymn in honor of Yoḥannǝs of Dabra Zamaddo, a saint venerated in the Ethiopian Orthodox Täwaḥədo tradition. The poem follows the standard malkeʿ structure of salutations to the saint's body parts and attributes, employing biblical pastoral imagery and comparisons to Egyptian monastic figures. The text is preserved in a digital edition (betmas) without critical apparatus, translation, or manuscript provenance, limiting verification of its textual basis. Its date is uncertain, postdating the saint's 14th–15th century floruit but not precisely assignable. The hymn likely served a liturgical function, possibly for the saint's feast day or monastic prayer cycles.
This malkeʿ hymn provides insight into the veneration of Yoḥannǝs of Dabra Zamaddo and the liturgical poetry of the Ethiopian Orthodox tradition. Its use of biblical and monastic imagery illustrates how local saints were integrated into broader Christian hagiographic and theological frameworks. The work also highlights the challenges of studying Ethiopic texts without manuscript evidence, underscoring the need for critical editions.
The work belongs to the Ethiopic malkeʿ genre, a form of encomiastic poetry composed in Geʿez for liturgical use in the Ethiopian Orthodox Täwaḥədo Church. Yoḥannǝs of Dabra Zamaddo, a monastic saint, flourished in the 14th–15th centuries, but the hymn's composition date is unknown, likely after his death. The poem's structure—salutations to body parts—is typical of malkeʿ hymns, which were recited during feast days or monastic offices. The text survives only in a digital edition (betmas) without manuscript shelfmark, obscuring its transmission history. The reference to Paul of Benjamin (Paul of Thebes) links the saint to Egyptian monastic traditions, reflecting the Ethiopian Church's ties to Eastern Christian monasticism. The poem's emphasis on orthodoxy and the 'rock of faith' suggests a context of doctrinal reinforcement, possibly in a monastic community.
Apparatus · what the pipeline recorded
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