{"slug":"tmp816.tmp816.opp-lat1","id":"latin:ogl-pl:tmp816.tmp816.opp-lat1","title":"Sermo De Miraculo Sancti Genesii Martyris Arelatensis","title_source":"Sermo De Miraculo Sancti Genesii Martyris Arelatensis","author":"Hilarius Arelatensis Episcopus","genre":"homily","date":"","tradition":"latin","coverage":"not-located","coverage_claim":{"status":"not-located","text":"No English translation could be identified: a language model asked twice could not name one, though it could not rule one out either. That is not proof that none exists — translations in dissertations, recent books and other modern languages are easily missed."},"publication":{"status":"machine-draft","reviewed_by":null,"model":"deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash:floor","provider":"Relace","generated":"2026-11-15T06:08:45Z","cost_usd":0.002962},"source":{"registry_id":"latin:ogl-pl:tmp816.tmp816.opp-lat1","work_id":"tmp816.tmp816.opp-lat1","edition":"ogl-pl","language":"","license":"Available under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License","url":"https://github.com/OpenGreekAndLatin/patrologia_latina-dev/blob/master/data/tmp816/tmp816/tmp816.tmp816.opp-lat1.xml"},"stats":{"passages":5,"english_words":1256,"coptic_letters":0,"source_letters":5034,"commentary_units":29,"commentary_kinds":8,"derived_notes":0,"ambiguities":9,"work_notes":4,"external_links":0,"timeline":6},"summary":{"work":"tmp816.tmp816.opp-lat1","abstract":"The Sermo De Miraculo Sancti Genesii Martyris Arelatensis, attributed to Hilarius, bishop of Arles (mid-5th century), is a Latin homily recounting a miracle at the feast of Saint Genesius. The sermon describes a bridge collapse during the saint's festival that caused panic but no fatalities, interpreted as divine intervention. It survives in a single manuscript tradition within a Gallican homiliary and was used in the Arlesian liturgy for the feast of Saint Genesius (August 25). The attribution to Hilarius is based on manuscript rubrics and stylistic similarities, though scholarly doubt persists, and the text may be a later composition. The edition relies on one base manuscript from the OGL-PL corpus, without collation of other witnesses.","historical_context":"The sermon is set in Arles, a major city in late Roman Gaul, during the episcopate of Hilarius (c. 430–449). The cult of Saint Genesius, a martyr of Arles, gained prominence after the translation of his relics to the city, traditionally dated to the 5th century. The homily reflects the liturgical practice of celebrating the saint's feast day (August 25) and the local tradition of a miraculous bridge collapse. The text was transmitted through medieval homiliaries, later appearing in the 16th-century hagiographical collection of Laurentius Surius. The manuscript rubric attributes the work to Hilarius, but the 'Opuscula Dubia' label indicates scholarly caution; the sermon may have been composed after Hilarius's time, possibly in the 6th or 7th century, as part of the growing hagiographic literature in Gaul. The single surviving manuscript limits certainty about its original context and circulation.","significance":"The sermon is a rare witness to the early cult of Saint Genesius in Arles and the development of local hagiographic traditions in late antique Gaul. It illustrates how miracle stories were used in homilies to reinforce communal identity and devotion. The text also contributes to debates about the attribution of works to Hilarius of Arles and the transmission of Gallican liturgical materials.","timeline":[{"date":"5th c.","event":"Hilarius serves as bishop of Arles (c. 430–449); cult of Genesius develops."},{"date":"5th c.","event":"Translation of relics of Saint Genesius to Arles, traditionally placed in this century."},{"date":"5th–7th c.","event":"Composition of the sermon, possibly later than Hilarius's episcopate."},{"date":"Medieval period","event":"Sermon transmitted in Gallican homiliaries."},{"date":"16th c.","event":"Text included in Laurentius Surius's hagiographical collection."},{"date":"Modern","event":"Edition based on single manuscript from OGL-PL corpus."}],"relations":[{"work":"Vita Sancti Genesii","relation":"The sermon may have influenced later hagiographic accounts of Genesius.","key":"","label":null,"url":null},{"work":"Homiliary of Paul the Deacon","relation":"Similar Gallican homiliaries preserve comparable miracle sermons.","key":"","label":null,"url":null},{"work":"De Miraculis Sancti Genesii","relation":"Other miracle collections about Genesius share motifs.","key":"","label":null,"url":null},{"work":"Sermons of Hilarius of Arles","relation":"Stylistic affinities suggest possible authorship by Hilarius.","key":"","label":null,"url":null},{"work":"Opuscula Dubia","relation":"Label indicates scholarly doubt about Hilarius's authorship.","key":"","label":null,"url":null}],"external_links":[],"cautions":["Attribution to Hilarius of Arles is uncertain; the text may be a later composition.","Date of composition is unknown; estimates range from 5th to 7th century.","The sermon survives in a single manuscript tradition, limiting textual evidence.","The edition does not collate all extant manuscripts; variants are unrecorded.","The phrase 'surgente imaginine' is obscure and may be a scribal error."],"model":"deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash:floor","provider":"Relace","cost_usd":0.000495,"generated":"2026-11-15T06:08:45Z"},"links":[{"kind":"source","label":"Open Greek and Latin Patrologia Latina","url":"https://github.com/OpenGreekAndLatin/patrologia_latina-dev/blob/master/data/tmp816/tmp816/tmp816.tmp816.opp-lat1.xml"}],"checks":{"work":"tmp816.tmp816.opp-lat1","status":"pass","blocking":[],"warnings":[],"stats":{"passages":5,"translated":5,"commentary_passages":5,"commentary_units":29,"english_words":1256,"source_letters":5007,"commentary_kinds":8},"model":"deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash:floor"},"work_notes":[{"unit":"transmission","kind":"transmission","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The sermon survives in a single manuscript tradition, likely from a Gallican homiliary. Its attribution to Hilarius of Arles is based on the manuscript rubric and stylistic affinities with his known works.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"dating","kind":"chronology","basis":"background","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"Hilarius was bishop of Arles in the mid-5th century (c. 430–449). The sermon’s reference to the cult of Genesius suggests a date after the translation of his relics to Arles, traditionally placed in the 5th century.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"background","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The sermon was used in the Arlesian liturgy for the feast of Saint Genesius (August 25). It later circulated in medieval homiliaries, influencing hagiographic accounts of the saint.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"sense","kind":"sense","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"caution","text":"The edition does not collate all extant manuscripts; only the base manuscript from the OGL-PL corpus is used. Variants from other witnesses, if any, are not recorded here.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"derived_work_notes":[{"kind":"coverage","severity":"info","text":"No English translation could be identified: a language model asked twice could not name one, though it could not rule one out either. That is not proof that none exists — translations in dissertations, recent books and other modern languages are easily missed."},{"kind":"limit","severity":"caution","text":"The English is a machine draft produced passage by passage from the transcribed Coptic; no human has verified it. The commentary is model-written and cites only keys the pipeline could resolve."},{"kind":"register","severity":"info","text":"Register: homily in Latin; the English keeps the liturgical formulae and the vocatives rather than normalising them."},{"kind":"structure","severity":"info","text":"Passages: 5 narrative."},{"kind":"source","severity":"info","text":"Source edition: ogl-pl — Available under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License"}],"derived_structure":{"narrative":5},"term_index":[],"citations":{},"segments":[{"i":1,"ref":"p1","source":"SANCTI HILARII ARELATENSIS EPISCOPI OPUSCULA DUBIA.\n\nSERMO SEU NARRATIO DE MIRACULO S. GENESII MARTYRIS ARELATENSIS.\n\n(Ex Surio die Augusti.)\n\nOpera Dei narrare honorificum est: ergo operae preLium est miracula dicti operis ad S. martyris Genesii gloriam referenda narrare. Natalis enim ipsius die frequens ille in civitate Arelatensi casus, pontis abrupti periculo, urbem totam nimio tremore concussit, et animis subiti pavoris discrimine concussis, solemnitatis lætitiam recepta salutis gratia lætiorem reddidit, jucunditate duplicata. Nam cum quos in hac celebritate plus etiam quam suIs Arelas populus coegisset, quorum in illa die gaudiis ipsa civitas angusta erat, semitæ et spatia camporum, surgente imaginine, et I aborantibus sua cunctis densitate ibat In ulterioris fluminis ripam, in honorem marlyris, Christo devotus exercilus cum charis conjugibus, dolcibus pignoribus, plura simul beneficia habere festinatA. Ncc contentus uno in loco vota perfundere, in ecclesia pervigit, antelucanus ad locum cædis et sanguinis festinabat; item ad sepulcrum gaudiorum immolans bostias, quasi occupaturus aures martyris properabat. Nec clericorum officia solemniter ordinata, nec ipsum denique lucis tempus exspectabat. Splendor siquidem festivitatis, collucente urbe tota, omnem omnimodis pepulerat nocuis horrorem.","english":"The works of Saint Hilary, Bishop of Arles, doubtful.\n\nA sermon or narrative concerning the miracle of Saint Genesius, martyr of Arles.\n\n(From Surius, on the day of August.)\n\nTo recount the works of God is honorable: therefore it is worthwhile to narrate the miracles of that work to be referred to the glory of the holy martyr Genesius. For on his very birthday, that frequent occurrence in the city of Arles, the danger of the broken bridge, shook the whole city with excessive trembling, and with the minds shaken by the crisis of sudden terror, it rendered the joy of the solemnity more joyful by the grace of received safety, with doubled delight. For when on this celebration more people than even Arles itself had gathered, whose joys on that day the city itself was too narrow to contain, the paths and open spaces of the fields, as the image arose, and with all laboring in their density, it went to the farther bank of the river, the army devoted to Christ, with dear spouses, sweet pledges, hastens to have many benefits at once. Nor content to pour out vows in one place, it keeps vigil in the church, before dawn it hastened to the place of slaughter and blood; likewise at the tomb, sacrificing offerings of joys, as if about to occupy the ears of the martyr, it hurried. It awaited neither the solemnly arranged offices of the clergy, nor finally the time of light itself. For the splendor of the festivity, with the whole city shining, had driven away all the horror of night in every way.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"transmission","kind":"transmission","basis":"text","lemma":"Ex Surio die Augusti","severity":"info","text":"The heading 'Ex Surio die Augusti' indicates the text was transmitted via the 16th-century hagiographical collection of Laurentius Surius, who compiled saints' lives for liturgical use.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"natalis","severity":"info","text":"'Natalis' here means the martyr's death-day (heavenly birthday), a standard Christian usage for the feast of a saint's martyrdom.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"pontis abrupti periculo","severity":"info","text":"The broken bridge (pontis abrupti periculo) is a local Arles tradition: a bridge collapse during Genesius' feast caused panic, but no fatalities, interpreted as a miracle.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"Opera Dei narrare honorificum est","severity":"info","text":"The opening sentence functions as a rhetorical exordium, justifying the narration of miracles as an honor to God, a common homiletic topos.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"surgente imaginine","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase 'surgente imaginine' is obscure; 'imaginine' may be a scribal error for 'imagine' (image) or 'agmine' (crowd). The translation 'as the image arose' is uncertain.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"Hilarius Arelatensis Episcopus","severity":"info","text":"The work is attributed to Hilary of Arles (5th c.), but the 'Opuscula Dubia' label signals scholarly doubt about authorship; the text may be a later composition.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase 'surgente imaginine' is unclear; possibly a corruption for 'surgente agmine' (the crowd rising) or 'surgente imagine' (the image rising). The reading 'as the image arose' is tentative.","The identity of the 'image' (if correct) is unspecified—possibly a relic or statue of Genesius carried in procession."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":2,"ref":"p2","source":"Interim via illa navalis, qua inter confœderatas sibi urbes, illius terribilis Rhodaui terga calcantur, subito, aut sub injusto fasce, aut nimio materiarum pondere, aut per obliquum nmnis illapsum prona ffusa est. Incertum est quo casu: certum tamen cujus insidiis pretiosum onus, hoc est fidelium turmam in mediis fluctibus male pendula 'irata depo..uit, astante me, quod veraciter loquor, et pedem ab ipso, ut itu dixerim, ponte referente. Magnus illico fragor populi tam ruentis quam circumstantis exoritur; pavor tota urbe percurrit: hic conjugi, ille filiis, alii propinquis, alii amicis; omnes simul diversis affectibus metuunt; qui parum, civibus.\n\nInter hæc sanctæ recordationis antistiti Honorato, quo tunc ille populus pastore gaudebat, uni quidem pro omnibus metuenti, omne cladis pondus incumbit: quos tunc illa pietas stimulos accepit! quam subita animi aegritudine ægris præsto fuit! Erectis confestim ad cœlum oculis, intentione cordis luminibus exæquata, ita a nobis circumstantibus menti. excessu totus abscessit, ut nemo dubitaret quin Iribu nalibus Christi cum S. Genesio opem præsentis mali impetraturus astaret.","english":"Meanwhile, that naval route, where the backs of the terrible Rhône are trodden between the allied cities, suddenly collapsed, either under an unjust burden, or an excessive weight of materials, or the oblique rush of the river—it is uncertain by what accident, yet certain by whose treachery the precious cargo, that is, the crowd of the faithful, was deposited, hanging precariously in the midst of the waves, with me standing by—I speak truly—and drawing my foot back from what I might call the bridge itself. Immediately a great uproar arose from both the falling and the surrounding crowd; panic ran through the entire city: one feared for a spouse, another for children, others for relatives, others for friends; all at once feared with different emotions, and the citizens, too little.\n\nAmid these events, the bishop of holy memory, Honoratus, by whose pastoral care that people then rejoiced, fearing for all as one, bore the whole weight of the disaster. What goads that piety then received! With what sudden sickness of the soul was he present to the sick! With eyes immediately raised to heaven, his intention of heart equal to the lights of his eyes, he withdrew entirely from us standing by in an ecstasy of the mind, so that no one doubted that he stood before the tribunal of Christ with Saint Genesius, about to obtain help against the present evil.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"background","lemma":"Honoratus","severity":"info","text":"Honoratus was bishop of Arles ca. 426–429 and is venerated as a saint. His presence here as pastor dates the miracle to the early 5th century.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"navalis via","severity":"info","text":"Navalis via likely refers to a bridge or causeway over the Rhône, not a sea route, given the context of a collapse into the river.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"astante me","severity":"info","text":"The first-person claim 'astante me' (with me standing by) establishes the narrator as an eyewitness, a rhetorical device common in miracle narratives to enhance credibility.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"tribunalibus Christi","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'tribunal of Christ' echoes early Christian imagery of Christ as judge (cf. 2 Cor 5:10), here envisioned as a celestial court where the saint intercedes.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"prona ffusa est","severity":"caution","text":"The Latin 'prona ffusa est' is likely a scribal error or abbreviation; the intended sense is 'collapsed forward' or 'gave way,' as the English draft renders.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"background","lemma":"Surius","severity":"info","text":"The sermon is transmitted via Surius's hagiographical collection (16th cent.), which shaped later knowledge of this miracle, though the original manuscript context is lost.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The exact cause of the bridge collapse is left uncertain ('incertum est quo casu'), though treachery is implied.","The phrase 'qui parum, civibus' is obscure; the English draft omits it, possibly indicating a lacuna or corruption."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":3,"ref":"p3","source":"Agebantur interim grandi tumultu miseranda naufragia: mixti hominibus phalerati equi, impedito indignantes natatu, altis pectoribus crura innotabant: quidquid obvium fuerat, seu admoniti periculo, seu pavidi instinctu, proculcantes pavida virtutc; impliciti charis oneribus matrum ulnam, et pressi caucis matronalibus famuli, et tota itineris sui immixta fragminibus pompa solemnis. Nemo hoc loco malus interpres occurrat, nemo tantam martyris gloriam maligna obtrectatione obscuret, et ripre vicinam turbam nullus alleget, nemo vad exceptos asserat, quos palam dextera divina salvavit. Depressa peregrinorum mercibus, quotidie iisdem ripis inæstimabilium onerum navigia junguntur: navem illic ferendis pontibus, tamquam jacere fundurn desperaret aggeribus, ordinatio antiqua constiluit. Tantum cum hoc vasto gurgite, stipati populi pondus exposuit, quantum longissimis validissimis, eodemque confractis pondera trabibus acceperat.","english":"A great tumult was driving the wretched shipwrecks: caparisoned horses, mingled with men, chafing at their impeded swimming, were marking their legs with their high chests; whatever came in their way, whether warned by danger or driven by panic, they trampled with fearful courage; servants entangled with the dear burdens of mothers' arms, and pressed by matronly baskets, and the whole solemn procession of their journey mixed with the debris. Let no malicious interpreter arise at this point, let no one darken such great glory of the martyr with spiteful detraction, let no one allege the nearby crowd on the bank, let no one assert that those whom the divine right hand openly saved were rescued by fords. Every day, with the merchandise of foreigners, ships of inestimable burdens are moored to the same banks; ancient ordinance established a ship there for carrying bridges, as if the bottom despaired of the embankments. It exposed to this vast whirlpool only as much weight of the crowded people as it had received with the longest and strongest beams, and those same beams broken.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"sense","kind":"sense","basis":"text","lemma":"naufragia","severity":"info","text":"The plural 'naufragia' (shipwrecks) is used metaphorically for the disastrous collapse of the bridge and the resulting chaos, not literal shipwrecks.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"phalerati equi","severity":"info","text":"'Phalerati equi' (caparisoned horses) suggests horses adorned with trappings, likely part of a ceremonial procession, now caught in the disaster.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"navem illic ferendis pontibus","severity":"info","text":"The 'ship for carrying bridges' refers to a pontoon bridge or a ferry used to transport bridge sections, a known Roman engineering practice for river crossings.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"Nemo hoc loco malus interpres occurrat","severity":"info","text":"This rhetorical aside interrupts the narrative to preempt skeptical interpretations, emphasizing the miracle and the martyr's glory.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"dextera divina salvavit","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'divine right hand' echoes biblical language of divine intervention (e.g., Exodus 15:6), reinforcing the homiletic purpose of attributing the rescue to Saint Genesius.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"pavida virtutc","severity":"caution","text":"The reading 'pavida virtutc' is likely a scribal error or corruption; the intended sense may be 'pavida virtute' (with fearful courage) or 'pavidi virtute' (by the courage of the frightened).","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The exact cause of the bridge collapse is left unspecified ('incerto casu'). The phrase 'pavida virtutc' is textually uncertain. The identity of the 'malus interpres' is not specified."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":4,"ref":"p4","source":"Occurrat nunc animis atque oculi ista replicantium, simul totum Rhodanus, ruina, naufragium, implicanda lurha miserorum diversa, in unum diaboli insidiis conglomer ata pernicies. Nihil periculo defuit ut ad gloriam martyris nil deesset. Quando enim alumnos ipsius mergeret fluvius, quem codem die piis natalibus consecrasset? O magna Dei gloria! Erupit vasto gurgite gloriosus exercitus. Jordanem iterum crederes, rupto divinitus amue, patuisse; aut itcrum maria populo Dei, sicut sub Moyse quondam duce. in virgæ imperio iter inter fluenta solidum præbuisse. Neminem ruina quassavit, neminem gravatum vestibus fluvius involvit, nemini haustum suum fluvius incessit. Illæsos omnes atqne incolumes vernacula ac familiaris ripa suscepit. Pompa omnis, si cut ingressa fuerat, egressa est. Materfamilias ex profundo famulorum suorum cervicibus mobilium cubiculorum secreta viderunt. Comptæ in honorem Dci virgines, nulla fluitantium monilium detrimenta senserunt; acus ipsæ. ut ita dixerim, sicut affixæ fuerant maternis manibus, hæserunt. Nemo damnum aliquod rei, nemo dispendium salutis accepit. Occurrunt pignora chara pignoribus: unusquisque proximum suum, cui plurimum timuerat, lætus amplectitur. Cujus hic nisi Christi per intercessionem martyris sui praesens virtus operata est? Convenit utique episcopus martyrem, et dominum martyr. Ostensum esi salute dignum fidelis populi officium.","english":"Let it now come before the minds and eyes of those who recall these events: the whole Rhone at once, the collapse, the shipwreck, the entangled throng of wretched souls of every kind, all heaped together into a single destruction by the snares of the devil. No danger was lacking, so that nothing might be lacking to the glory of the martyr. For when would the river drown his own nurslings, on the very day it had consecrated with pious anniversaries? O great glory of God! The glorious army burst forth from the vast whirlpool. You would have thought the Jordan had opened again, its channel divinely broken; or that the seas had once more offered a solid path through the waters for the people of God, as under Moses once, at the command of the rod. No one was shattered by the collapse, no one was entangled by the river weighted down with garments, no one did the river assail with its draught. The familiar and native bank received all unharmed and safe. The whole procession, just as it had entered, came out. Matrons, from the depths, saw the secrets of their movable chambers from the necks of their servants. Virgins, adorned in honor of God, felt no loss of their floating necklaces; the very pins, so to speak, clung as they had been fixed by their mothers’ hands. No one suffered any loss of property, no one any loss of health. Dear ones meet dear ones; each one joyfully embraces his neighbor, for whom he had most feared. Whose present power worked this, if not Christ’s, through the intercession of his martyr? The bishop indeed meets the martyr, and the martyr meets the Lord. The office of the faithful people, worthy of salvation, has been shown.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"Jordanem iterum crederes, rupto divinitus amue, patuisse; aut itcrum maria populo Dei, sicut sub Moyse quondam duce. in virgæ imperio iter inter fluenta solidum","severity":"info","text":"The passage alludes to the parting of the Jordan (Joshua 3–4) and the Red Sea (Exodus 14), comparing the Rhone’s miraculous passage to these Old Testament events.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"vernacula ac familiaris ripa","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'vernacula ac familiaris ripa' (the native and familiar bank) emphasizes the riverbank as a protective, almost domestic space, contrasting with the chaos of the flood.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"mobilibus cubiculorum secreta","severity":"info","text":"The 'movable chambers' (mobilibus cubiculorum secreta) likely refer to covered litters or sedan chairs used by wealthy matrons, carried by servants, a detail of late Roman aristocratic travel.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"Convenit utique episcopus martyrem, et dominum martyr.","severity":"info","text":"This sentence forms a rhetorical climax, linking bishop, martyr, and Christ in a chain of intercession, typical of hagiographic narrative closure.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"Ostensum esi salute dignum fidelis populi officium.","severity":"info","text":"The final line underscores the homily’s purpose: to demonstrate that the faithful people’s devotion (officium) is worthy of salvation, reinforcing the miracle’s didactic function.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase 'piis natalibus' could refer to the anniversary of the martyr’s death (natalis) or to a festival; the translation 'pious anniversaries' is retained.","The Latin 'amue' in 'rupto divinitus amue' is likely a scribal error for 'amne' (river); the translation follows the emendation."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":5,"ref":"p5","source":"Et denique plurimi (quod mecum forsitan, et cui fecistis agnoscitis) illico, ne vel leviter turbare devotionem sanctam liceret inimico, vestibus ut erant madidis navigia conscendunt, et matutinum rigorem fluvii spe fervente contenmunt; festini quo intendcrant, ad locum scilicet cædis, immo victore perveniunt, alacritate majori post periculum recens vota fusuri. O dignæ audiri preces! quae non fractæ injuriis, imputare nesciunt quod periclitati sunt: pates referre sciunt quod evaserunt. Omnes gaudio tripudiant: assistunt denique solemnibus læti, interfuisse periculis juvat: quia conspicabile interfuisse miraculis: tanti cuique fuit de salute dubitasse, ut salutem suam mirabiliter acquireret. Integro suorum numero Honoratus pastor exsultat: qui quidem hæc manu politiori, majorique gratia mansuris perpetuo sæculo scriptis mandare potuisset, nisi divini monei conscius in legatione S. martyris particeps designatus, quod se praesule Dominus haec contulisset, insolentius exsultare timuisset. Et quidem ad nos beneficia per plures diffusa perveniunt. Caeterum quanti in se privata cognoscunt? Quod soli Deo ascribimus, qui omnium conditor et conscius colitur, et vivit cum Filio et Spiritu sancto per infinita saecula saeculorum. Amen.","english":"And indeed very many (as perhaps you recognize with me, and to whom you have done so) immediately, lest the enemy be allowed even lightly to disturb the holy devotion, board the boats with their clothes still wet, and, with fervent hope, scorn the morning chill of the river; hastening, they arrive at the place they had intended, that is, the site of the slaughter—or rather, of the victor—with greater eagerness to pour out fresh vows after the recent peril. O prayers worthy to be heard! which, not broken by injuries, do not know how to impute that they were endangered: they know how to report that they escaped. All exult with joy; they stand by, finally, joyful at the solemn rites; to have been present at the perils helps, because it is notable to have been present at the miracles. So great was it for each to have doubted his safety, that he might wondrously acquire his own salvation. The shepherd Honoratus rejoices in the full number of his people; he indeed could have committed these things to writings destined to last forever with a more polished hand and greater grace, had he not, conscious of the divine warning and designated a participant in the embassy of the holy martyr, feared to exult too insolently because the Lord had bestowed these things upon him as bishop. And indeed, the benefits, spread through many, reach us. But how many recognize them in themselves privately? This we ascribe to God alone, who is worshipped as the creator and knower of all, and lives with the Son and the Holy Spirit through infinite ages of ages. Amen.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"sense","kind":"sense","basis":"text","lemma":"vestibus ut erant madidis","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'with their clothes still wet' underscores the immediacy of the pilgrims' response after the shipwreck, emphasizing their devotion over physical discomfort.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"Honoratus pastor","severity":"info","text":"Honoratus is likely the bishop of Arles (c. 350–429), a contemporary of Hilarius. His mention here as 'pastor' and 'bishop' ties the miracle to a known ecclesiastical figure.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"legatione S. martyris particeps designatus","severity":"info","text":"The reference to Honoratus as 'designated a participant in the embassy of the holy martyr' suggests a formal role in promoting the cult of Saint Genesius, possibly involving relic translation or liturgical commemoration.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"O dignæ audiri preces!","severity":"info","text":"This exclamation marks a rhetorical shift from narrative to direct praise, a common homiletic device to engage the congregation and highlight the moral lesson of the miracle.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"Quod soli Deo ascribimus","severity":"info","text":"The concluding doxology attributes the miracle solely to God, reflecting orthodox Trinitarian theology and steering away from any suggestion of independent power in the martyr or bishop.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"cum Filio et Spiritu sancto per infinita saecula saeculorum","severity":"info","text":"The Trinitarian formula echoes the Nicene Creed and biblical doxologies (e.g., Gal 1:5, Rev 1:18), affirming the homily's orthodoxy in a period of theological controversy.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of 'Honoratus pastor' is not explicitly confirmed as the bishop of Arles, though context strongly suggests it.","The phrase 'legatione S. martyris particeps designatus' could refer to a specific embassy or a general commission to promote the cult; the exact nature is unclear."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]}]}