{"slug":"tmp1444.tmp1444.opp-lat1","id":"latin:ogl-pl:tmp1444.tmp1444.opp-lat1","title":"Liber De Ortu Et Obitu Patrum Incertus","title_source":"Liber De Ortu Et Obitu Patrum Incertus","author":"Isidorus Hispalensis","genre":"hagiography","date":"","tradition":"latin","coverage":"not-located","coverage_claim":{"status":"not-located","text":"No English translation could be identified: a language model asked twice could not name one, though it could not rule one out either. That is not proof that none exists — translations in dissertations, recent books and other modern languages are easily missed."},"publication":{"status":"machine-draft","reviewed_by":null,"model":"deepseek/deepseek-v4.1-flash:floor","provider":"Relace","generated":"2026-11-15T19:04:13Z","cost_usd":0.005703},"source":{"registry_id":"latin:ogl-pl:tmp1444.tmp1444.opp-lat1","work_id":"tmp1444.tmp1444.opp-lat1","edition":"ogl-pl","language":"","license":"Available under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License","url":"https://github.com/OpenGreekAndLatin/patrologia_latina-dev/blob/master/data/tmp1444/tmp1444/tmp1444.tmp1444.opp-lat1.xml"},"stats":{"passages":60,"english_words":15162,"coptic_letters":0,"source_letters":58284,"commentary_units":0,"commentary_kinds":0,"derived_notes":6,"ambiguities":0,"work_notes":0,"external_links":0,"timeline":0},"summary":{},"links":[{"kind":"source","label":"Open Greek and Latin Patrologia Latina","url":"https://github.com/OpenGreekAndLatin/patrologia_latina-dev/blob/master/data/tmp1444/tmp1444/tmp1444.tmp1444.opp-lat1.xml"}],"checks":{"work":"tmp1444.tmp1444.opp-lat1","status":"pass","blocking":[],"warnings":[],"stats":{"passages":60,"translated":60,"commentary_passages":0,"commentary_units":0,"english_words":15162,"source_letters":57873,"commentary_kinds":0},"model":"deepseek/deepseek-v4.1-flash:floor"},"work_notes":[],"derived_work_notes":[{"kind":"coverage","severity":"info","text":"No English translation could be identified: a language model asked twice could not name one, though it could not rule one out either. That is not proof that none exists — translations in dissertations, recent books and other modern languages are easily missed."},{"kind":"limit","severity":"caution","text":"The English is a machine draft produced passage by passage from the transcribed Latin; no human has verified it. The commentary is model-written and cites only keys the pipeline could resolve."},{"kind":"register","severity":"info","text":"Register: treatise in Latin; the English keeps the liturgical formulae and the vocatives rather than normalising them."},{"kind":"structure","severity":"info","text":"Passages: 60 narrative."},{"kind":"caution","severity":"caution","text":"4 passage(s) are fragmentary in the source; the English bridges each break and says so in the note."},{"kind":"scripture","severity":"info","text":"2 scriptural phrase match(es) noted: Luke 1:28; Luke 2:35."},{"kind":"source","severity":"info","text":"Source edition: ogl-pl."},{"kind":"source","severity":"info","text":"Licence: Available under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License"}],"derived_structure":{"narrative":60},"term_index":[],"citations":{},"segments":[{"i":1,"ref":"p1","source":"APPENDIX XX.\n\nLIBER DE UHTU ET OBITU PATRUM, De quo in Isidorianis, cap. 61, IT. 48.\n\nDt sancto Abraham, qui fuit prima via credendi.\n\nABRAHAM, filius Thare, filii Nachor, frater Aran, patris Lot, pater Ismael, et avns Jacob. Undecitnus a Noe, vigesimus ab Adam, Deum corde credidit, Trinitatem hospitio suscepit. Cum Deo loquitur, a Melchisedech post victoriam benedicitur. Filium in senectutis tempore meruit, quem Deo Dei amore obtulit; Chald;ea ortus, in Chanaan peregrinatur; dives valde, placuit DPO. Plenus dierum, CLXXV aunorum deficiens, mortuus, a fili suis Ismael et Isaac sepultus in spelunca duplici, quæ est in agro Ephron Cæthæi jutta civitatem Caria. tharbe, quæ et Hebron alio nomine vocatur.\n\nX. ISAAC, filius Abraham, in senectute parentum natus, id est, matre nonagenaria et patre centenario in Geraris inter Cades et Sur ortus, a Deo nomiratus, antequam natus esset, die octavo circumcisus, obediens patri, Deo immolatus in figura Jesu Christi, qui oblatus est Deo Patri. Uxor Isaac Itebecca, Bathuelis filia, filii Nachor, fratris Abraham, mater Jacob et Esau. Isaac plenus dierum, et senex CLXXX annorum, morilur justus, a filiis suis sepultus. I","english":"APPENDIX XX.\n\nTHE BOOK ON THE BIRTH AND DEATH OF THE FATHERS, concerning which in the Isidorian [writings], chapter 61, item 48.\n\nConcerning Saint Abraham, who was the first way of believing.\n\nAbraham, son of Thare, son of Nachor, brother of Aran, father of Lot, father of Ismael, and grandfather of Jacob. The eleventh from Noah, the twentieth from Adam, he believed in God in his heart, he received the Trinity as a guest. He speaks with God, he is blessed by Melchisedech after victory. He merited a son in his old age, whom he offered to God out of love for God; born in Chaldaea, he sojourns in Chanaan; very wealthy, he pleased God. Full of days, at 175 years of age failing, dead, he was buried by his sons Ismael and Isaac in the double cave, which is in the field of Ephron the Hittite near the city of Cariatharbe, which is also called Hebron by another name.\n\nX. Isaac, son of Abraham, born in the old age of his parents, that is, with a mother of ninety years and a father of a hundred years, born in Gerara between Cades and Sur, named by God before he was born, circumcised on the eighth day, obedient to his father, sacrificed to God as a figure of Jesus Christ, who was offered to God the Father. The wife of Isaac was Rebecca, daughter of Bathuel, son of Nachor, brother of Abraham, mother of Jacob and Esau. Isaac, full of days, and an old man of 180 years, dies a just man, buried by his sons.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":2,"ref":"p2","source":"JACOB, filius Isaac, frater Esau, fratris supplantator. Benedictus a patre, nolens pater. Benedictus a Deo, volens Deus, simul et mater. Ortus in Bethsabee, factus pater tredecim filiorum, scalam vidit in Bethel dormiens, angelos in scala, et Deum in visu cofispiciens, luctavit cum Deo, ben edictus ab eo. Nomen mutat, Israel illum appellavit. Valde dives, in Ægyptum pergit causa famis, ibi moritur plenus dierum CXLVII annorum; aromatibus onditus, inde translatus a Juseph, sepultus in spelunca duplici in terra Chanaan, ubi Abraham et Sara, Isaac et Rebecca, simul et Lia, jacent sepulli.\n\nJOSEPH, filius Jacob et Rachel, frater Benjamin, in Mesopotamia Syriæ odiosus fratribus, ama bilis patri, semniator veridicus, in Ægyptum a fratribus venditur in figura Christi, qui venundatus est pretio argenti. Missus in carcerem sine culpa, vere sub doto et mendacio Putipharis feminae. Fuit Dominus eum Joseph in carcere. Somnia regis Pharaonis revelavit, quæ nemo interpretari potuit; propter hoc a rege est honoratus, princeps Ægypti factus, et a Pharaone Sara tofane nominatus, quod Ægyptiace sonat mundi Salvator. Nutritor fratrum, simul et patris, in tempore dirae ei gravis famis. Vixit longævus multis diebus CXX annis.","english":"JACOB, son of Isaac, brother of Esau, the supplanter of his brother. Blessed by his father, though his father was unwilling; blessed by God, willing, and by his mother as well. Born in Beersheba, he became the father of thirteen children; while sleeping he saw the ladder in Bethel, the angels on the ladder, and beholding God in the vision; he wrestled with God and was blessed by him. He changes his name; God called him Israel. Very rich, he went into Egypt because of famine; there he died full of days, 147 years old; anointed with spices, he was carried from there by Joseph and buried in the double cave in the land of Canaan, where Abraham and Sarah, Isaac and Rebecca, and also Leah lie buried.\n\nJOSEPH, son of Jacob and Rachel, brother of Benjamin, in Mesopotamia of Syria hateful to his brothers, beloved by his father, a truthful dreamer, was sold by his brothers into Egypt as a figure of Christ, who was sold for a price of silver. He was sent into prison without guilt—truly, by the dowry and lie of Potiphar's wife. The Lord was with Joseph in prison. He revealed the dreams of King Pharaoh, which no one could interpret; because of this he was honored by the king, made prince of Egypt, and named by Pharaoh Zaphenath-paneah, which in Egyptian means Savior of the world. He was the nourisher of his brothers and also of his father in the time of the harsh and grievous famine. He lived long, for many days, 120 years.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":3,"ref":"p3","source":"In Ægypto mortuus, aromatibus conditus in loco Bresith in Ægypto repositus, curru ossa, ut ipse rogavit, Moyses de Ægypto secum portavit, et in tempore Josue ministri regis populus in Sichen sepelivit ossa ejus.\n\nJOB, qui et Jobab, cujus pater Zara, et mater Dosra. Zara autem filius Ragnel, filii Esau, filii Isaac, quintus ab Abraham rex inclytus in terra Edom. Vir simplex et rectus Domini servus. Dives ac praeclarus in filiis, et filiabus, in possessione, ovium septem millia, juga boum quinquaginta, at mulia familia. A Deo probatus, a Satun tentatus,. substantia privatus, lepra percussus, filiis orbatus, valde maledictus, a falsis amicis false consolatus, et eorum verbis corde contristatus, loquitur cum Domino, interrogatus ab ipso seipsum reprehendit. In favilla et cinere poenitentiam egit; liberatus a plaga, additur substantia. Benedictus a Domino accepit duplicia in vita, et fllios Dei beneficio. Vixit post plagam diebus multis CXX annis; moritur senex et plenus dierum.","english":"He died in Egypt, was embalmed with spices, and was laid to rest in a place in Egypt called Bresith; Moses carried his bones with him out of Egypt in a cart, as he himself had asked, and in the time of Joshua the people, the servant of the king, buried his bones in Shechem.\n\nJOB, also called Jobab, whose father was Zara and whose mother was Dosra. Now Zara was the son of Ragnel, the son of Esau, the son of Isaac, the fifth from Abraham, a renowned king in the land of Edom. A simple and upright man, a servant of the Lord. Rich and distinguished in sons and daughters, in possessions, in seven thousand sheep, fifty yoke of oxen, and a great household. Approved by God, tempted by Satan, deprived of his substance, struck with leprosy, bereaved of his children, greatly cursed, falsely comforted by false friends, and grieved in heart by their words, he speaks with the Lord, and when questioned by him he reproaches himself. In dust and ashes he did penance; freed from the plague, his substance was restored. Blessed by the Lord, he received double in his lifetime, and sons by the gift of God. After the plague he lived many days, 120 years; he died an old man and full of days.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":4,"ref":"p4","source":"MOYSES, filius Ambre, filii Chath, filii Levi, filii Jacob. Septimus ab Abraham, Aaron, et Mariæ frater, quorum mater Jochabet, filia Levi, filii JaCob. Moyses in Ægypto natus, tribus mensibus absconditus, inde in fiscellam stirpeam positus, et in ripam fluminis dimissus, a filia Pharaonis ibi est inventus, et ab ea Moyses nominatus; eum nutrire precepit, et in filiurn adoplavit. Ut vir factus est, fratres visitavit. Occiso Ægyptio, in Madian fugit, et ibi pastor ovium fuit. Ubi Dominum in rubo ardenti vidit, quem Dominus e rubo vocavit, et principem populi sui constituit. Virtutes multas in Ægypto per ipsum in mari et in eremo Dominus fecit; facie ad faciem Dominum vidit; tegern in Sinai ei tradidit, quam ipse Dominus digito scripsit, de qua [Forte, et quam | populum semper docuit. terram promissionis vidit, sed minime intravit. Jussu Dei verticem Pharga ascendit, et ibi moriens ad patres pergit plenus dierum CXX annorum. Cujus oculi non sunt caligati, nec dentes mutati, cujns sepulcrum nemo vidit, vel novit, quia ipse Dominus illum sepelivit et planxit cum populus xxx diebus.","english":"Moses, son of Amram, son of Kohath, son of Levi, son of Jacob. Seventh from Abraham, brother of Aaron and Mary, whose mother was Jochebed, daughter of Levi, son of Jacob. Moses was born in Egypt, was hidden for three months, then was placed in a basket of reeds and set down on the bank of the river, where he was found by the daughter of Pharaoh and named Moses by her; she ordered him to be nursed and adopted him as her son. When he had become a man, he visited his brothers. After he had killed an Egyptian, he fled to Midian, and there he was a shepherd of sheep. There he saw the Lord in the burning bush, whom the Lord called from the bush, and appointed him leader of his people. The Lord performed many mighty works in Egypt through him, at the sea and in the wilderness; he saw the Lord face to face; the Lord handed down the law to him on Sinai, which the Lord himself wrote with his finger, and with which he always taught the people. He saw the land of promise, but did not enter it. By the command of God he ascended the summit of Pisgah, and there, dying, he went to his fathers, full of days, 120 years old. His eyes were not dimmed, nor were his teeth changed; no one saw or knew his tomb, because the Lord himself buried him, and the people mourned him for thirty days.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[{"kind":"lacuna","severity":"caution","text":"The source is fragmentary here: the edition marks a break or an editorial bracket, and the English carries across it. Treat the bridge as supplied, not translated."}]},{"i":5,"ref":"p5","source":"AARON, filius Ambre, frater Moysi, prior nascendo in tribus annis, minor honore in multis signis. Sacerdos Dei, propheta fratris, unctus oleo sancto, indutus veste præclara, intrabat semel in sancta in anno orans pro seipso, et pro populo, ortus in Ægypto, defessus in eremo, peccat in vitulo. Orans frater pro eo, postea complacuit Deo; privatus sorte hæreditatis in terra promissionis, quia non credidit verbo veritatis, percussa petra in Cadesbarne cum aqua contradictionis. Pro tali culpa iratus Dominus dixit ad Moysen: Tolle Aaron, et filium ejus, et duces eos in montem Nor, qui cum nudaveris patrem veste sua, indues ex eis Eleazarum filium ejus manu tua. Ita Moyses fecit, ut Dominus imperavit, patrem spoliavit, filium vestivit. Aarou in monte Hor moritur coram omni populo anno quadragesimo egresssionis populi ex Ægypto mense quinto prima die mensis, cum esset annorum ex XIII, et ibi sepelitur, et xxx diebus a populo plangitur; et pro eo Eleazarus sacerdos ponitur. Soror ejus Maria in Cades cadit mortua, et ibi jacet a populo sepulta.","english":"AARON, son of Amram, brother of Moses, earlier in birth by three years, lesser in honor despite many signs. A priest of God, a prophet to his brother, anointed with holy oil, clothed in a splendid garment, he entered the sanctuary once a year, praying for himself and for the people. He was born in Egypt, grew weary in the desert, and sinned in the matter of the calf. His brother prayed for him, and afterward he was pleasing to God; but he was deprived of the lot of inheritance in the promised land, because he did not believe the word of truth when the rock was struck at Kadesh-barnea with the water of contention. For such a fault the Lord, angered, said to Moses: Take Aaron and his son, and lead them up to Mount Hor; and when you have stripped the father of his garment, you shall put it upon Eleazar his son with your own hand. Moses did so as the Lord commanded: he despoiled the father and clothed the son. Aaron dies on Mount Hor before all the people, in the fortieth year of the people's departure from Egypt, in the fifth month, on the first day of the month, when he was one hundred and twenty-three years old, and he is buried there, and the people mourn him for thirty days; and Eleazar is appointed priest in his place. His sister Mary fell dead at Kadesh, and lies there buried by the people.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":6,"ref":"p6","source":"JESU, lilius Nun, qui a parentibus Auses * [ Corrige, Osee J primo appellatus est, e tribu Ephraim, famulus Domini, et minister Moysis, natus in Ægypto, confortatus in Domino, et post mortem magistri factus esi princeps præcipuus populi. Mittit exploratores in urbem Jericho: loquitur cum Domino. et audivit a Domino, Exaltubo te hodie coram populo meo. Pergit sicco pede fluenta Jordanis cum Dei, in campo Galgalis subvertit urbes, tyrannos, et reges gentium. Imperat soli el lunae; steterunt in cœlo et terra leges naturæ. Præponit urbes simnl, et viros, disponit in sortes divisas. Prædicabat semper populo Domini legem, judicavit Israel in pacis semper sede. Vixit!onlævus plenus dierum simul et annorum. Sepultus in Thamnathsare, possessionis suæ parte, in monte Ephraim.\n\nSAMUEL, qui interpretatur positus aDeo. Alius Elcana, filii Jeroboam, filii Eliu, ortus in monte Ephraim, natus in Ramatha, princeps et propheta, Nazaraeus ab infantia, famulus Dei, et minister sacerdotis Heli, cujus mater sterilis, quae vocatur Anna, oravit Dominum in templo, et facta est fecunda. Quae cantavit canticum, Exsultavit cor meum in Domino. Samuel fidelis vixit. Saulem, et David super sedes regni posuit, postulavit pluviam, et pluit e coelo, orabat semper ad Dominum pro populo suo, multis diebns populum rexit. Grandævus, et senex ad patres perrexit.","english":"JESUS, son of Nun, who was first called Auses by his parents [correct: Osee], from the tribe of Ephraim, servant of the Lord and minister of Moses, born in Egypt, strengthened in the Lord, and after the death of his master became the chief leader of the people. He sends spies into the city of Jericho; he speaks with the Lord, and he heard from the Lord: \"Today I will exalt you before my people.\" He crosses the streams of the Jordan with dry foot by the power of God; in the plain of Gilgal he overthrows cities, tyrants, and kings of the nations. He commands the sun and the moon; the laws of nature stood still in heaven and on earth. He sets cities in order together with men, and arranges them into divided portions. He always preached the law of the Lord to the people; he judged Israel always in a seat of peace. He lived full of days and likewise of years. He was buried in Thamnathsare, in the part of his possession, on the mountain of Ephraim.\n\nSAMUEL, which is interpreted \"placed by God.\" Son of Elkanah, son of Jeroboam, son of Elihu, sprung from the mountain of Ephraim, born in Ramathah, a prince and prophet, a Nazirite from infancy, servant of God and minister of the priest Eli, whose mother, who was called Anna, was barren; she prayed to the Lord in the temple, and she became fruitful. And she sang the song: \"My heart has exulted in the Lord.\" Samuel lived faithfully. He placed Saul and David upon the seats of the kingdom; he asked for rain, and it rained from heaven; he always prayed to the Lord for his people; for many days he ruled the people. Advanced in years and old, he went to his fathers.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[{"kind":"lacuna","severity":"caution","text":"The source is fragmentary here: the edition marks a break or an editorial bracket, and the English carries across it. Treat the bridge as supplied, not translated."}]},{"i":7,"ref":"p7","source":"Quem populus Israel planxit, et in domo sua Ramatha terræ eum rondidit.\n\nDAVID filius Jesse, filii Obeth, filii Buzi, ortus e tribu Juda, natus in Ephrata, præclarus forma, rex et propheta, reges superavit, psalmos cantavit; bestias prostravit, Goliam interfecit, Dominum semper timuit, robuste regnavit, Christi nativitatem et baptismum prænuntiavit. Passionem et resurrectionem ejus demonstravit, Ascensionem et ejus adventum in fine mundum judicare prophetavii, electus Dei, quem Deus amavit, humilis et,mitis oves patris pavit, XL annos in Israel regnavit, vii annos in Ebron, in Jerusalem XXXIII annos. Vixit longævus. Dormivit cum patribus in civitate David, et in Bethleem est sepultus.\n\n- ii. ELIAS Thesbites, qui interpretatur Dominus, Dei propheta magnus, adhuc vivus, Domini servus, prædicator futurus, cum Antichristo in fine mundi pugnaturus, XL dies jejunavit. Jonam mortuum suscilavit, vi nonses et tres annos pluviam prohibuit, ignem e cœlo super quos voluit et aquam venire fecit. Qui bovem, et lapides, et aquam comsumpsit. Centum et duos viros vorax flamma interfecit. Idem Elias, corvis ministrantibus, in spelunca vixit; oleum et farinam viduæ benedixit. Sacerdotes Baal omnes interfecit. In curru igneo usque ad cœlum ascendit. E terra Arabon et tr hu Aaron ortus fuit.","english":"Whom the people of Israel mourned, and in his own house at Ramatha of the land they buried him.\n\nDAVID, son of Jesse, son of Obeth, son of Buzi, sprung from the tribe of Judah, born in Ephrata, distinguished in appearance, king and prophet, he conquered kings, he sang psalms; he struck down beasts, he killed Goliath, he always feared the Lord, he reigned mightily, he foretold the birth and baptism of Christ. He demonstrated his Passion and resurrection, he prophesied his Ascension and his coming at the end of the world to judge, chosen of God, whom God loved, humble and meek he fed the sheep of his father, he reigned forty years in Israel, seven years in Hebron, thirty-three years in Jerusalem. He lived to a great age. He slept with his fathers in the city of David, and he is buried in Bethlehem.\n\nii. ELIJAH the Tishbite, whose name is interpreted as Lord, great prophet of God, still alive, servant of the Lord, preacher to come, who will fight with Antichrist at the end of the world, he fasted forty days. He raised the dead Jonah, for three years and six months he withheld rain, he caused fire from heaven to come upon whom he wished and also water. Which consumed the ox, and the stones, and the water. A devouring flame killed one hundred and two men. The same Elijah, with ravens ministering to him, lived in a cave; he blessed the widow's oil and flour. He killed all the priests of Baal. He ascended in a fiery chariot all the way to heaven. He was sprung from the land of Arabon and from Aaron.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":8,"ref":"p8","source":"ELlSEUS, qui interpretatur Domini mei salus, propheta altissimi, discipulus Eliæ, et magister Jezi, gratiam magistri suscepit; fluenta Jordanis divisit, et sicco pede per fluvium perrexit; aqnas arnaras in aquæ naturam convertit; ullam ut fel ferventem dulcoravit. Securem e fluminis profundo vocavit. Naaman principem Syriæ, lepra percussum, purgavit; discipulum cupidum lepræ plaga percussit; ulei paululum viduæ benedixit. Oleum per vasa pauca benedictum non pauca replevit, vidua Creditori debitum reddit, et de oleo filios lib ros reddit, et reliquo ipsa cum filiis vixit. Eliseus vivens mortuum suscitavit; Eliseus moituus mortuum vivificavit. Eliseus ex Abdelam a terra Ruben ortus fuit, quem cum mater ejus peperit, vitula aurea cum magno boatu in Galgalis clamavit, ita ut populus in Jerusalem boatum audiret. Tunc dixit sacerdos praesens audiens miraculum: Hodie, inquit, nascitur prophetafuturorum, qui civitatis simulacra distribuit (destruit) idolorum. Eliseus in Samaria mortuus, et ibi sepultus.","english":"ELISHA, whose name is interpreted as \"the salvation of my Lord,\" a prophet of the Most High, disciple of Elijah and master of Jehu, received the grace of his master; he divided the waters of the Jordan and crossed the river with dry foot; he turned bitter waters into the nature of water; he sweetened the spring that was bitter as gall. He called the axe up from the depth of the river. He cleansed Naaman, prince of Syria, struck with leprosy; he struck his greedy disciple with the plague of leprosy; he blessed a little oil for the widow. The blessed oil filled not a few vessels from a few vessels; the widow paid her debt to the creditor, and from the oil she paid back her sons' debt, and with what remained she herself lived with her sons. Elisha living raised the dead; Elisha dead gave life to the dead. Elisha was born from Abel-meholah in the land of Reuben; when his mother bore him, a golden calf bellowed with a great bellowing in Gilgal, so that the people in Jerusalem heard the bellowing. Then the priest present, hearing the miracle, said: \"Today,\" he said, \"is born a prophet of things to come, who shall scatter (destroy) the idols of the city.\" Elisha died in Samaria and was buried there.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":9,"ref":"p9","source":"ISAIAS, filius Amos, satus Domini interpretatur, in Jerusalem propheta egregius, et martyr justus, nobilis genere, nobilior sermone. Sub quatuor regibus Ozia, Joathan, Achaz, Ezechia, prophetavit. Dominum sedentem solio excelso contemplavit. Serapbin XII alas cłaro et celebri carmine Dominum collaudantes audivit Sancius, Sauclus, Sanctus Dominus Deus Sab oth, ex quibus unus ad illum volavit, et fahia ejus igne cœlesti purgavit. Gentibus in tenebris mortis Sedentibus salutem et lucem annuntiavit.Parvulum natmn de Virgine Deum, et hominem, et principem, patremque futuri saeculi prænuntiavit, virgam e radice Jesse egredientem, septiformi spiritu florentem, et fructificantem prophetavit, subversionem et vastationem Babylonis praedixit. Nudus et discalceatus tribus annis, jubente Domino, ambulavit; lapidem summum et angularem in Sion ponendum prædixit. Salvatorem, et regnatorem, et justissimum judicem in Jerusalem regnantem annuntiavit, crucem et passionem, sepulcrum et resurrectionem Domini declaravit, judicium venturum et mortuos resurrecturos prophetavit. In Jerusalem praedicavit sub Manasse rege, serra sectus in duas partes occuhuit, sepultus est sub quercu Ragel juxta transitum aquarum, quas olim Ezechias rex obstruxerat pulvere.","english":"ISAIAH, son of Amos, whose name is interpreted as \"planted by the Lord,\" an eminent prophet in Jerusalem and a righteous martyr, noble in lineage, nobler in speech. He prophesied under four kings: Uzziah, Jotham, Ahaz, and Hezekiah. He beheld the Lord seated on a lofty throne. He heard the Seraphim with six wings praising the Lord in a clear and celebrated hymn: \"Holy, holy, holy, Lord God of Hosts,\" and one of them flew to him and cleansed his lips with heavenly fire. To the nations sitting in the darkness of death he announced salvation and light. He foretold the little child born of the Virgin, God and man, and the prince and father of the world to come; he prophesied the rod going forth from the root of Jesse, flowering and bearing fruit with the sevenfold spirit; he foretold the overthrow and devastation of Babylon. Naked and barefoot he walked for three years at the Lord's command; he foretold the chief cornerstone to be laid in Zion. He announced the Savior, the ruler, and the most righteous judge reigning in Jerusalem; he declared the cross and passion, the tomb and resurrection of the Lord; he prophesied the coming judgment and that the dead would rise again. He preached in Jerusalem under King Manasseh, was cut in two parts by a saw, and died; he was buried beneath the oak of Ragel near the crossing of the waters, which King Hezekiah had once blocked up with earth.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":10,"ref":"p10","source":"JEREMIAS, qui interpretatur excelsus Domini, propheta et sacerdos, quem Dominus in utero matris suæ sanctificavit; puer admodum et Benjamin prophetavit imperio Domini virgam vigilantem, et ollam succensam a facie Aquilonis vidit. Ruinam suae civitatis quadruplici alphabeto plauxit, qui lumbare jussu Domini portavit, qui lagunculam testeam in conspectu Domini fregit, quem Fadassur sacerdos in nervurn misil, cui Dominus duos calathos Cecis plenos ostendit. Calicem plenum iræ Dei gentibus et regibus miscuit, catenam in collo portavit, in amo carceris clausus fuit, inde liberatus ad patriam pergere voluit. Tunc iterum illum custos civitatis tenuit, et principibus eum tradidit, principes vero irati flagellatum iterum in carcerem miserunt. Rex vero ad illum misit, et de carcere traxit. Principes iterum te. nuerunt, et volentes cum occidere, in lacum profundissimum et siccum funibus iusserunt. Dominus autem per manus Abdemelech Æthiopis Jeremiam e lacu et morte liberavit, et in vestibulo carceris usque in diem qua civitas capta est, permansit. Nabuchodonosor rex Babylonis Jeremiam a carcere et a catenis liberavit. Jeremias ergo ortus a vico Anathoisdes, qui viculus tribus a Jerosolymis distans millibus, captivus in Ægyptum ductus a populo apud Taphnas lapidibus obrutus obiit.","english":"JEREMIAH, whose name is interpreted as \"exalted of the Lord,\" a prophet and priest, whom the Lord sanctified in his mother's womb; while still a boy and of Benjamin, he prophesied by the Lord's command the watching rod, and saw the boiling pot from the face of the North. He bewailed the ruin of his city with a fourfold alphabet; he who carried a loincloth at the Lord's command, who broke a clay flask in the sight of the Lord, whom Pashhur the priest put into stocks, to whom the Lord showed two baskets full of figs. He mixed a cup full of the wrath of God for the nations and kings, carried a chain on his neck, was shut in the mire of the prison, and when freed from there wished to set out for his homeland. Then the guard of the city seized him again and handed him over to the princes, and the princes, enraged, had him scourged and sent back into prison. But the king sent for him and drew him out of the prison. The princes again held their peace, and wishing to kill him, they ordered him by ropes into a very deep and dry cistern. But the Lord, through the hands of Ebed-melech the Ethiopian, freed Jeremiah from the cistern and from death, and he remained in the vestibule of the prison until the day when the city was captured. Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon freed Jeremiah from prison and from chains. Jeremiah, then, born from the village of Anathoth, a small village three miles distant from Jerusalem, was led captive into Egypt by the people and died at Tahpanhes, crushed by stones.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":11,"ref":"p11","source":"Jacet vero in eodem loco sepultus, quem Pharao rex habitaverat,quia per postulationem suam defugatis ab eodem loco serpentibus, Ægyptios fecit esse securos a tactu aspidum; quem etiam magna cum religione iidem Ægyptii ven rantur.\n\nEZECHIEL, unus Buzi, qui interpretatur fortitudo Dei, prop seta, et sacerdos Altissimi, cum Joachim rege captivus ductus in Babylonem, tricesimo suæ ætatis anno, ei captivitatis quinto, prophetare et loqui ad captivos exo rsus est. Cui cœli aperti sunt, et Dei visiones obscuras et mirabiles vidit. Ad quem factum est verbum Domini, super quem facta est manus D mini in visione magna, et mirabili, in vento et nube fulgenti, in igne et splendore splendenti, in clectro clarescenti, inter quos conspexit quatuor animalia cum pennis, et pedibus, et nanibus, homo et leo, vitulus et aquila.","english":"He lies buried in the same place where Pharaoh the king had lived, because at his request, when the serpents had been driven away from that place, he made the Egyptians safe from the touch of asps; and the same Egyptians also venerate him with great religious devotion.\n\nEZEKIEL, son of Buzi, whose name is interpreted as \"strength of God,\" a prophet and priest of the Most High, was led captive to Babylon with King Jehoiachin, and in the thirtieth year of his age, the fifth of that captivity, he began to prophesy and speak to the captives. To him the heavens were opened, and he saw obscure and wondrous visions of God. To him the word of the Lord came; upon him the hand of the Lord was laid in a great and wondrous vision, in wind and a shining cloud, in fire and radiant splendor, gleaming in amber, among which he beheld four living creatures with wings and feet and faces: a man and a lion, a calf and an eagle.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":12,"ref":"p12","source":"Quatuor conspicit notas juxta animalia ex omni parte oculis plIna, et cum animalibus simul discurrentibus audivit sonum alarum ipsarum, ut bonum castrorum et aquarum multarum, portabant capitibus quasi firmamentum, et super lirmemento quasi thronum positum, et in throno aspicit quasi vultum hominis, ut eleclrutn fulgens in medio ignis, haec omnia videns cecidit in faciem,et audivit vocem ad eum loquentem, et super pedes suos illum erigentem, ostendit ei librum, quem manu tenebat, et expandit volumen, et ad eum diceb at: Aperi os tuum, et comede hunc librum; et ipse hunc statim comedit, et ut mel gustavit, et viscera replevit, et plebi prædicavit, visiones alias multiformes vidit; in quibus urbibus, regibus, gentibus, insulis, populis, plagas venturas verbo Domini prædicavit, campum plenum ossibus siccis super quae nervos et vis cera venire vidit, et ipso prophetante in ossa omnia spiritus vitæ inlravit, civitatem spiritualem, ei mirabilem vergentem ad austrum, cum portis, plateis et multis ædificiis vidit, quæ carnaliter aliquatenus stare non otuit.","english":"He saw four living creatures, full of eyes on every side, and with the creatures running together he heard the sound of their wings, as of a well-ordered camp and many waters; they bore upon their heads as it were a firmament, and above the firmament as it were a throne set, and upon the throne he saw as it were the face of a man, like electrum shining in the midst of fire. Seeing all these things he fell upon his face, and he heard a voice speaking to him, and raising him up upon his feet; he showed him a book which he held in his hand, and he spread out the scroll and said to him: Open your mouth, and eat this book; and he immediately ate it, and it tasted to him as honey, and it filled his inward parts, and he preached to the people. He saw other visions of many forms; in them he foretold by the word of the Lord the plagues that were to come upon cities, kings, nations, islands, and peoples. He saw a field full of dry bones, upon which he saw sinews and flesh come, and while he himself prophesied the spirit of life entered into all the bones. He saw the spiritual city, wondrous and stretching toward the south, with gates, streets, and many buildings, which he could not in any carnal manner comprehend as standing.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":13,"ref":"p13","source":"EZECHIEL fortitudo Dei interpretatur, terra Sarira ortus, et in Chaldæam, ut prediximus, caplivus ductus, ihique populus Israel eum occidi praecepit, quon am ah eodem propheta arguehantur, ne idolis servirent. Hunc ergo sepelivit populus in auri agro sepulcro Arphaxat.\n\nDANIEL. filius Abda, judicium. Dei interpretatur, ex trihu Juda ortus, in Betheron superiore natus, puer admodum captivus in Babylonem ductus, propheta præcipuus, cum quo Dominus fuit. Principem namque super principem sibi posuit. Somnia namque regs Nabuchodonosor: in grandi im agine et in magna arbore revel avit. Visiones magnas et inirabiles ipse conspexit, qnaluor ventos cœli magnos in mari pugnane, et quatuor hestias terribiles de mari surgentes aspicit, thronos positos et Vetustum dierum in throno igneo sedentem conspexit; cui milIi:. millium angelorum ministrabant, et decies centena millia assistebant, judicium positum, et libros apertos vidit, Filium hominis venientem ac Vetustum dierum aspicit, arietem grandem cornibus quatuor partem ventilantem, ct hircum caprarum terribilem, et magnum cum ariete pugnantem, et arietem præstantem prospexit, faciem suani ad Dominum Deum suum posuit. In jejuniis, sacco et cinere Dominum adoravit, mirabili confessione et pura obsecratione pro se et populo suo Dominum obsecravit. Tres hebdomadas populum planxit, panpm desiderii, et carnem, et vinum in jejunio non con edit.","english":"EZEKIEL, whose name means \"strength of God,\" was born in the land of Sarira, and was led captive into Chaldaea, as we said before, and there the people of Israel ordered him to be killed, because they were rebuked by that same prophet for not serving idols. Therefore the people buried him in the field of Aur, in the tomb of Arphaxat.\n\nDANIEL, son of Abda, whose name means \"judgment of God,\" sprang from the tribe of Judah, was born in Upper Betheron, and while still a boy was led captive to Babylon; a pre-eminent prophet, with whom the Lord was. For he set prince over prince. For he revealed the dreams of King Nebuchadnezzar in a great image and in a great tree. He himself beheld great and terrible visions: four great winds of heaven fighting in the sea, and he sees four terrible beasts rising from the sea; he saw thrones set and the Ancient of Days sitting on a fiery throne, to whom thousands of thousands of angels ministered and ten times a hundred thousand stood by; he saw judgment set and books opened; he sees the Son of Man coming and beholds the Ancient of Days; he beheld a great ram with four horns tossing every part, and a terrible he-goat of the goats, and one fighting greatly with the ram, and the ram standing forth. He set his face toward the Lord his God. In fastings, in sackcloth and ashes he adored the Lord; by a wondrous confession and pure supplication he entreated the Lord for himself and for his people. For three weeks he mourned for the people, and did not eat the bread of desire, nor flesh, nor wine in his fast.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":14,"ref":"p14","source":"Gabriel arc tangelus in his omnibus D anielem confortavit, omnes visiones, quas vidit et demonstravit, Christum nasciturum et regnaturum, passurum et resurrecturum ei annuntiavit. Regna mundi inter se pugnatura praedixit, Antichristum ventorum cum sanctis pæliaturum affirmavit. Iste Daniel Balthasar regi tres terribiles sermones in pariete scriptos demonstravit. Susannam ex falso crimine liheravit. Senes pravos morti damnavit. Bel, idolum Babylonis, destruxit, draconem terribilem pice et pilis interfecit, sacerdotes Bel LXX interire fecit. Cui Habacuc per angelum ex Judæa in Chaldæam in momento raptus prandium portavit, quem Dominus duahus vicibus ex lacu leonum liberavit. In Babylone Dent omnipotentem prædicans requievit, solusque omnium Hebræorum...sepultus est regione.\n\nOSEE, filius Beeri, Salvator interpretatur, propheta Domini sub quinque regibus verbum Domini prædicavit. Crebro nominat Ephraim, Samariam, Joseph, Jezrahel, Israel, et uxorem fornicariam et fornicationis lilias, et adulteram cubiculo clausam mariti multo tempore sedere viduam. et sub veste lugubri viri ad se reditum præstolari.","english":"GABRIEL the archangel strengthened Daniel in all these things; he announced to him all the visions which he saw and showed, that Christ would be born and reign, would suffer and rise again. He foretold that the kingdoms of the world would fight among themselves; he affirmed that Antichrist would wage war with the saints. This Daniel showed King Belshazzar three terrible words written on the wall. He freed Susanna from a false charge. He condemned the wicked elders to death. He destroyed Bel, the idol of Babylon; he killed the terrible dragon with pitch and hair; he caused the seventy priests of Bel to perish. To him Habakkuk, snatched in a moment by an angel from Judaea into Chaldaea, brought his meal, and the Lord delivered him twice from the pit of lions. In Babylon, preaching the omnipotent God, he rested, and alone of all the Hebrews he was buried in that region.\n\nHOSEA, son of Beeri, whose name is interpreted \"Savior,\" preached the word of the Lord under five kings. He frequently names Ephraim, Samaria, Joseph, Jezreel, and Israel, and the wife who played the harlot and the children of fornication, and the adulteress shut in the bedchamber, sitting as a widow for a long time for her husband, and waiting under the garment of mourning for her husband's return to her.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":15,"ref":"p15","source":"Populo verhum Dei prædicat, et scelera eorum dure et terribiliter increpat, et fugere, et venire ad Dominum omnes confortat, quia sanat, percutit, et curat, et mortificat, et vivificat, et misericordiam magis quam sacrificium diligit, et scientiam Dei plusquam holocausta quærit, et Christum Filium Dei ab Ægypto vocaturum prophetavit. Hic ergo Osee propheta ex tribu Isachar ortus, in Belemoth natus, ibique placida morte dormivit sepultus.\n\nJOEL, filius Phathuel, incipiente Domino interpretatur. Describit terram XII tribuum eruca, hrucho, locusta. rubigine vastandam et consumendam. A facie Donnini terram tremere et cælos movere affirmat, solem, et lunam, et stet as suum splendorem abscondere designat. Magnum diem Domini et valde terribilem advenire prædix it. Dominum Deum beuignum et misericordem, pattentem et pium, et præstabilem super malitias hominum affirmat. Populum ad ecclesiam sacrilicure jejunium convocat. Senes, juvenes, parvulos, laetantes sponsos, sponsas, sacerdotes ministres Domini Dominum prædicare, populo parcere, et pacem donare praedicat; abundantiam frumenti, vini et olci, et pacem Domini donare sibi servientibus promisit. Spiritum summ sanctum super servoset ancillas suas Dominum effundere prædixit, seniores somnia somniare, et juvenes visiones videre in Domino prophetavit.","english":"He preaches the word of God to the people, and rebukes their crimes harshly and terribly, and strengthens all to flee and come to the Lord, because he heals, strikes, and cures, and puts to death, and gives life, and loves mercy more than sacrifice, and seeks the knowledge of God more than burnt offerings, and prophesied that Christ the Son of God would be called out of Egypt. This man, then, the prophet Hosea, sprung from the tribe of Issachar, was born in Belemoth, and there fell asleep in a peaceful death and was buried.\n\nJOEL, son of Pethuel, is interpreted as \"the Lord beginning.\" He describes the land of the twelve tribes as about to be laid waste and consumed by the caterpillar, the locust, and the blight. He affirms that at the face of the Lord the earth trembles and the heavens are moved; he declares that the sun and the moon hide their brightness. He foretold that the great and very terrible day of the Lord would come. He affirms that the Lord God is kind and merciful, patient and loving, and ready to forgive the wickedness of men. He convokes the people to the church with a sacred fast. He preaches that the old, the young, the little ones, the rejoicing bridegrooms, the brides, and the priests, the ministers of the Lord, should proclaim the Lord, spare the people, and grant peace; he promised an abundance of grain, wine, and oil, and the peace of the Lord to those who serve him. He foretold that the Lord would pour out his Holy Spirit upon his servants and handmaids; he prophesied in the Lord that the elders would dream dreams and the young men would see visions.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":16,"ref":"p16","source":"Joel vero propheta ex tribn Ruhen ortus,in agro Betheron natus, et ibidem obiit, et pausat sepultus.\n\nAlios thesbites potens, vel fortis, aut populum divellens interpretatur, propheta, et pastor, et rusticus, et ruborum mora distringens, paucis verbis explicari non potest. Qnis enim digne exprimet tria et quatuor scelera Damasci, Gaze, Turi, Idumeæ, filios Ammon, et Moab, ei in septimo octavoque gradu Juda et Israel? hic loquitur ad vaccas pingues, quæ sunt in monte Samanæ, ruituram domum majorem minoremque testatur. Ipse cernit fictorem locustæ, et stantem Dominum super murum litum, vel adamantiunum, et onychinum pomerium, et trahenlem supplicia peccatoribus, et famem in terra, non amem panis, neque silim aquæ, sed audiendi verbum Dei. Ipse est Amos quem Amasi as rex sape caeciderat: Ozias vero, lilius ejus, transfixum per tempora ejus palam eumdem propheta laetali vulnere affecit. Hic ergo vales post biduum postquam in suam advectus est patriam, spiravit, ibique sepultus est.","english":"But the prophet Joel, born of the tribe of Reuben, was born in the field of Betheron, and there he died and rests buried.\n\nAnother, the Tishbite, is interpreted as powerful, or strong, or one who divides the people—a prophet, and shepherd, and rustic, and one who binds the delay of brambles—he cannot be explained in few words. For who could worthily express the three and four crimes of Damascus, Gaza, Tyre, Idumea, the sons of Ammon, and Moab, and in the seventh and eighth degree of Judah and Israel? He speaks to the fat cows that are on the mountain of Samaria, and testifies that the greater house and the lesser house will fall. He himself sees the fashioner of the locust, and the Lord standing upon a plastered wall, or one of adamant, and an onyx-colored orchard, and drawing punishments upon sinners, and famine in the land, not a famine of bread, nor a thirst for water, but of hearing the word of God. He is the Amos whom Amaziah the king had often struck down; but Uzziah, his son, openly struck the same prophet through his temples with a deadly wound. So then this strong one, two days after he was carried to his own homeland, breathed his last, and there he was buried.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":17,"ref":"p17","source":"ABDIAS propheta servus Domini interpretatur, pertonans contra Edom fratris quoque Jacob semper æmulum astra perculit..... superbiam et elationem superhorum increpat, sapientes et prudentes mundi, et tyrannos, et fortes ejus a Domino perituros et percussos prædicat. De monte Sion salutem, et Salvatorem venturum, et Dominum in sempiternum regnaturum prophetat. Hic ergo in agro Bethacaran natus, et de terra Sichem est ortus, et Eliæ prophetas discipulus, et tertius quinqnagenarius cum L militibus ab Ochozia ad Eliam missus, cui ct petenti pepercit Elias, ne eum ignis sicut duos ante se quinquagenarios missos consumeret. Hic ergo Abdias, Ochoziæ relicto ministerio, prophetavit. Murtuus est et sepultus cum patribus suis.\n\nJONAS propheta, filius Amathi, qui interpretatur columba vel dolens, filius viduæ Saraptanæ, quem Elias mortuum suscitavit. Quem Dominus misit praedicare in N nivem. Ipse vero navim quierit, et fugit in Joppem. Deus vero ventum magnum in mari suscitat, mare erga magno motu fluctuat. Nautæ autem vento mari laborant. Jonam soporantem dormientem suscitant. Vasa sua mittunt in mare, Deum suun adorant,mittunt sortes, cujus culpa esset huc periculum. Sors emissa mox cecidit super Jon Hebræum. Tunc dixerunt, Unde venis? quid fecisti? a qua gente genitus es? Tunc respondit: Ego sum servus Dei coeli, et genere Hebræus.","english":"ABDIAS the prophet is interpreted as servant of the Lord, thundering against Edom, the ever-jealous rival of his brother Jacob also, he struck the stars..... he rebukes the pride and arrogance of the proud, and proclaims that the wise and prudent of the world, and its tyrants, and its mighty men, shall perish and be struck down by the Lord. He prophesies salvation from Mount Zion, and that the Savior is to come, and that the Lord shall reign forever. He therefore was born in the field of Bethacaran, and sprang from the land of Shechem, and was a disciple of the prophet Elijah, and the third captain of fifty with his fifty soldiers sent from Ahaziah to Elijah, whom Elijah spared when he pleaded, so that fire did not consume him as it had consumed the two captains of fifty sent before him. This Abdias, therefore, having abandoned the service of Ahaziah, prophesied. He died and was buried with his fathers.\n\nJONAS the prophet, son of Amittai, which is interpreted as dove or sorrowing, the son of the widow of Zarephath, whom Elijah raised from the dead. Him the Lord sent to preach in Nineveh. But he sought a ship, and fled to Joppa. But God stirs up a great wind on the sea, the sea swells with a great commotion of waves. But the sailors labor against the wind and sea. They rouse Jonah, who lies sleeping. They cast their wares into the sea, they adore their god, they cast lots, to discover by whose guilt this danger had come. The lot, once cast, at once fell upon Jonah the Hebrew. Then they said, Where do you come from? What have you done? From what people were you born? Then he answered: I am the servant of the God of heaven, and by race a Hebrew.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":18,"ref":"p18","source":"Magno metu contrementes, non potentes tacere, dixerunt: QUid debemus de te, homo, facere? Dixit illis Dei servus qUId debuissent agere. Tollite me ex hac navi, et mittite in mare. Illi illum tunc miserunt in mare, ut jusserat. Piscem grandem Deus misit, ut prophetari glutiret; piscis ipsum glutivit, ut Deus imperavit, tribus diebus ac noctibus piscis eum portavit, et de ventre piscis ad Dominum clamavit, quem D minus audivit, simul et liberavit. Piscis eum evomuit in terram, quam ipse noluit, in civitatem Ninivem ipse perrexit, regi et populo pœnitentiam prædicavit. Et ut rex et populi audierunt, a minimo usque ad maximum in Deum crediderunt, et in sacco et cinere non tantum homines, sed ei jumenta poenituerunt, tribus diebus, et tribus noctibus clamantes ad Dominum jejunaverunt, et liberavit eos Deus ex plaga quam timuerunt. Jonas vero pulcherrime suo nautragio passionem Domini præfiguravit, mundum ad pœnitentiam revocat, et sub nomine Ninive salutem gentibus nuntiat. Euntibus ilaque Tiberiadem non grandis est viculus, ubi et sepulcrum ejusdem prophetæ Jonæ ostenditur.","english":"Trembling with great fear, unable to keep silent, they said: \"What ought we to do with you, man?\" The servant of God told them what they ought to do: \"Take me up from this ship, and cast me into the sea.\" Then they cast him into the sea, as he had commanded. God sent a great fish to swallow the prophet; the fish swallowed him as God commanded; for three days and three nights the fish carried him, and from the belly of the fish he cried out to the Lord, whom the Lord heard and at the same time set free. The fish vomited him out onto the land which he had not wished for; he went on into the city of Nineveh, and preached repentance to the king and the people. And when the king and the peoples heard, from the least to the greatest they believed in God, and in sackcloth and ashes not only the men but even the beasts repented; for three days and three nights they fasted, crying out to the Lord, and God delivered them from the plague which they feared. But Jonah most beautifully prefigured the passion of the Lord by his shipwreck, calls the world back to repentance, and under the name of Nineveh announces salvation to the nations. And as one goes toward Tiberias there is no great little village, where even the tomb of the same prophet Jonah is shown.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":19,"ref":"p19","source":"MICHÆAS propheta, Quis iste? vel humilitas interpretatur, e tribu Ephrain ortus, in Morasthin natus, hæredem sonat, ad quem factum est verbum Domini in diebus Joathan, Achaz, Ezechiæ regum Juda, super Samariam, et Jerusalem. Omnes populos ad audiendum Domiuum provocat, ruinam Judae et Jerusalem plangit, judices injustos et potentes impios, et pseudoprophetas increpat, duos latrones templi, et Jerusalem annuntiat, montem excelsum super omnes montes et colles præparatum annuntiat. Omnes populos et gentes multas ad eumdem montem ascendere designat, legem Dei et Sion, et Verbum Domnini, et Jerusalem exire designat, judicium rectum inter populos et populos designat, gladios in vomeres, et hasias in ligones prae magnitudine pacis fabricatos confirmat. Ducem natum ex civitate David exiturum, et in Israel regnaturum prophetat, maxillam judicis Israel percussam præsignat. Quid sit bonum homini indicat, et quid Deus ab eo quærit annuntiat. Utique judicium rectum facere, et cum Deo suo sollicitc ambulare,et misericordiam diligere, persecutionem futuram non pigravit praedicere, propriæ uxori neminem credere, filios patres, et lilias matres persequi, nurum adversus socrum contendere, et inimicos homini domesticos fieri, magnitudinem et longanimitatem, misericordiam et pietatem Domini, ut potuit, prophetavit, peccata pœnitentum in profundum oblivionis Dominum ptojicere aflirmavit.","english":"Micah the prophet—who is this? Or his name is interpreted as humility—born of the tribe of Ephraim, born in Moresheth, which sounds as \"heir,\" to whom the word of the Lord came in the days of Jotham, Ahaz, and Hezekiah, kings of Judah, concerning Samaria and Jerusalem. He summons all peoples to hear the Lord, he laments the ruin of Judah and Jerusalem, he rebukes unjust judges and powerful wicked men and false prophets, he announces the two robbers of the temple, and Jerusalem, and he announces the high mountain prepared above all mountains and hills. He designates that all peoples and many nations will ascend to that same mountain, he designates that the law of God and Zion, and the Word of the Lord, and Jerusalem will go forth, he designates right judgment between peoples and peoples, he confirms swords forged into plowshares and spears into pruning hooks because of the greatness of peace. He prophesies that a leader born from the city of David will go forth and reign in Israel, he foretells the cheek of the judge of Israel struck. He shows what is good for man, and announces what God seeks from him. Namely, to do right judgment, and to walk carefully with his God, and to love mercy; he did not shrink from foretelling future persecution, that no one should trust his own wife, that sons would persecute fathers and daughters mothers, that a daughter-in-law would strive against her mother-in-law, and that a man's enemies would be his own household; he prophesied, as he was able, the greatness and long-suffering, the mercy and loving-kindness of the Lord; he affirmed that the Lord casts the sins of the penitent into the depth of oblivion.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":20,"ref":"p20","source":"Hic itaque propheta, quoniam peccantem Achaz saepius arguebat, sub Jurat. lilio ejus ex praecipitio valde porrecto jactus occubuit. Sepultus est autem in terra sua juxta Polyandreum, qui eat prope Naim.\n\nit. HABACUC propheta amplexans interpretatur, de tribu Simeon ortus, in agro Bethsachar natus. Dominum a longe venturum et nasciturum prophetavit. Incredulum castigavit, justum in fide sua vivere affirmavit, cupidos, avaros, homicidas, ebriosos, idolorum cultores terribiliter increpat. Idem ipse Habacuc luctator fortis et rigidus stat super munitionem, ut Christum in cruce a longe contempletur, et dicat: Operuit cœlos gloria ejus, et laude eius plena est terra. Splendor ejus ut lux erit, cornua in manibus ejus, ibi abscondita est fortitudo ejus. Hic autem propheta ante biennium reversionis filiorum Israel a captivitate in agro Sabarith vita discessU.","english":"So this prophet, because he quite often rebuked Ahaz when he sinned, was thrown down from a very high overhanging precipice under Jura's lily and died. He was buried, moreover, in his own land near the Polyandrion, which is close to Nain.\n\nHabakkuk the prophet—his name is interpreted as \"embracing\"—sprung from the tribe of Simeon, born in the field of Bethsachar. He prophesied that the Lord would come from afar and be born. He chastised the unbelieving, affirmed that the just man lives by his faith, and fearfully rebuked the covetous, the avaricious, murderers, drunkards, and worshippers of idols. This same Habakkuk, a strong and rigid wrestler, stands upon the fortress, so that he may contemplate Christ on the cross from afar and say: His glory has covered the heavens, and the earth is full of his praise. His splendor shall be as the light; horns are in his hands; there his strength is hidden. But this prophet departed from life in the field of Sabarith two years before the return of the children of Israel from captivity.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":21,"ref":"p21","source":"SOPHONIAS propheta, qui inter pretatur abscondens eam, filius Chusi, filii Godoliæ, libi Amariæ, filii Ezechiæ, de tribu Simeon, qui prophetavit in diebus Josiae, filii Amon regis Juda. Ipse est speculator et cognitor arcanorum Donin. Ipse audit clamorem a porta piscium, et ululatum a Secunda, et contritionem a collibus. Indicat quoque utulatum habitatoribus Silæ, quia conticuit omnis pupulus Chanaan, disperierunt universi qui involuti erant argento. Ipse est qui diem Domini mirabiliter et terribiliter venturum prophetavit, dicens:Juxta eat dies Domini magnus, juxta, et velox nimis. Vox diei Domini amara, tribulabitur ibi fortis, dies iræ, dies illa, dies tribulationis et anus ice, dies calamitatis et miseriæ, dies tenebrarum et caliginis, dies nebutæ, et turbinis, dies tubæ, et clangoris super civitates munitas, et super angulos excusos, et tribulabo homines, et ambulabunt, ut cœci, quia Domino peccaverunt. Idem vero Sophomas in agello Sabare (Al., Sarabath) obiit, et terræ humalus jacet.","english":"Zephaniah the prophet, whose name is interpreted as \"hiding her,\" son of Cushi, son of Gedoliah, son of Amariah, son of Hezekiah, of the tribe of Simeon, who prophesied in the days of Josiah, son of Amon, king of Judah. He is the watchman and the discerner of the Lord's secrets. He hears the cry from the fish gate, and the wailing from the Second Quarter, and the crushing from the hills. He also announces the wailing to the inhabitants of Siloam, because every little one of Canaan has fallen silent, all who were wrapped in silver have perished. He is the one who prophesied that the day of the Lord would come wondrously and terribly, saying: The great day of the Lord is near, near and very swift. The voice of the day of the Lord is bitter; there the strong man shall be troubled, a day of wrath, that day, a day of tribulation and distress, a day of calamity and misery, a day of darkness and gloom, a day of cloud and tempest, a day of trumpet and clamor against the fortified cities and against the high corner towers, and I will trouble men, and they shall walk as blind men, because they have sinned against the Lord. The same Zephaniah died in the field of Sabare (variant: Sarabath), and lies buried in the earth.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":22,"ref":"p22","source":"AGGÆUS propheta,qui interpretatur solemnitas; prophetavit autem In anno secundo Darii regis reditum populi ex captivitate Babylonis, et restaurationem templi sub Zorobabel sacerdote magno. Promisii itaque in verbo Dei omnia bona Deum lunare populo suo. Confortavit principem, populum ct sacerdotem magnum in maguo Dei adjutorio restaurare, et ædificare templum Dei, dicens: Hæc dicit Dominus exercituum: Ponile corda vestra super vias vestras, ascendite in montem porture lignum, et ædificale domum, et acceptabilis mihi erit, et glorificabor, dicit Dominus. Ipse prophetavit, coeli et terrae sterilitatem, et arborum fieri pro peccatis hominum. Ipse prophetavit abundantiam frumenti, et vini, et olei, et abundantiam pacis, et sanitatis populo, et servis Dei, et servientibus sibi. Ipse prophetavit, Deum patrem et Spiritum ejus sanctum in populo suo semper esse. Et ne timeat dicens: Confortare, omnis populus terræ, dicit Dominus exercituum, et facite, quoniam ego vobiscum sum, dicit Dominus, et Spiritus meus erit in medio vestri, nolite timere.","english":"Haggai the prophet, whose name is interpreted as \"solemnity\"; he prophesied in the second year of King Darius, of the return of the people from the captivity of Babylon, and the restoration of the temple under Zerubbabel the high priest. And so he promised in the word of God that God would bestow all good things upon his people. He encouraged the prince, the people, and the high priest, with the great help of God, to restore and build the temple of God, saying: Thus says the Lord of hosts: Set your hearts upon your ways, go up into the mountain, bring wood, and build the house, and it will be acceptable to me, and I will be glorified, says the Lord. He himself prophesied that barrenness of heaven and earth, and of trees, would come about because of the sins of men. He himself prophesied abundance of grain, and wine, and oil, and abundance of peace and health for the people, and for the servants of God, and for those who serve him. He himself prophesied that God the Father and his Holy Spirit would always be in his people. And let him not fear, saying: Be strong, all you people of the land, says the Lord of hosts, and act, for I am with you, says the Lord, and my Spirit will be in your midst; do not fear.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":23,"ref":"p23","source":"Ipse prophelavit Deum semetipsum movere cœlum, et terram, et mare, et aridam, et gentes, et solta regnorum, et Unigenitum patris venturum dicens: Adhuc unum modicum est, et ego commovebo creMum, et terram, et mare, et aridam, et movebo omnes gentes, et solia regnorum, et veniet desideratus cunctis gentibus, Hic vero Aggæus ex Babylone admodum juvenis Jerusalem adventi. Ibique exhalavit, et juxta sacerdorum sepulcra humo conditus jacet.\n\nZACHARIAS propheta, qui interpretatur memor Domini, filius Barachiæ, uno eodemque anno, sub uno eodemque rege Dario prophetaverunt. Zacharias vero i sua prophetia multiplex et mysticus. Vertiones enim varias et obscuras videns, prophetavit mystice, quia in eo augelus Domini loquebatur. Ipse enim vidii nocte asceudentem super equum rulum stantem inter myrteta quæ erant in profundo, et post eum equi ruli varii et atbi. Ipse audivit angelum interrogantem de tempore misericordiæ super Jerusalem. Ipse audivit Dominum angelo loquentem verba boua, verba consolatoria de Jerusalem, et Sion, de civitatibus Juda. Ipse vidit quatuor cornua vemilantia Judam, ct Israel, et Jerusalem. Ipse vidit virum, funiculum in manu tenentem, et Jerusalem in longitudinem et latitudinem mensurantem, et dicentem: Absque muro habitabitur Jerusa em. Dominus enim erit murus ejus igneus.","english":"He himself prophesied that God would shake heaven and earth, the sea and the dry land, the nations and the thrones of kingdoms, and that the Only-begotten of the Father would come, saying: Yet a little while, and I will shake heaven and earth, the sea and the dry land, and I will shake all nations and the thrones of kingdoms, and the Desired of all nations shall come. But this Haggai came to Jerusalem from Babylon while still quite young. And there he breathed his last, and he lies buried in the ground beside the tombs of the priests.\n\nZechariah the prophet, whose name is interpreted as \"memory of the Lord,\" the son of Barachiah, prophesied in one and the same year, under one and the same king, Darius. But Zechariah is manifold and mystical in his prophecy. For seeing various and obscure visions, he prophesied mystically, because in him the angel of the Lord was speaking. For he saw by night a man riding upon a red horse, standing among the myrtle trees that were in the deep, and after him red horses, dappled and white. He heard the angel asking about the time of mercy upon Jerusalem. He heard the Lord speaking to the angel good words, words of consolation concerning Jerusalem and Zion, concerning the cities of Judah. He saw four horns scattering Judah, Israel, and Jerusalem. He saw a man holding a measuring line in his hand, measuring Jerusalem in length and breadth, and saying: Jerusalem shall be inhabited without a wall. For the Lord will be her wall of fire.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":24,"ref":"p24","source":"Ipse vidit lapidem scriptum, VII oculos habentem, et candelabrum aureum, septem lucernas Sustinentem, et infusorias, lucernis pendentes VII, et duas olivas juxta candelabrum stantes, nn uma dextris, et unam a sinistris. Ipse vidit volumen volans longitudine xx cubitorum et latiludine cubitorum. Ipse vidii talentum plumbi, quod portabatur,et mulierem sedentem in medio amphoræ, quae impietas est, cui massa plumbea in os missa est. Vidit et duas mulieres alas habentes, quasi at as milvi, quæ levabant amphoram inter cœlum et terram. Vidit et quatuor quadiigas egredientes de medio duorum montium aureorum. In quadriga prima equi ruli, in quadriga secunda equi nigri, in quadriga tertia equi albi, in quadraga quarta equi varii lentes, et alia multa obscura et mystica vidit. Prophetavit autem reditum populi, et restaurationem Jerusalem et templi; prophetavit regem pauperem et humilem venturum dicens: Exsulla satis, filia Sion, jubila, filia Jerusalem, ecce rex tuus veniet tibi justus, et sata or, pauper ascendens tuper pullum, filium asmæ; prophetavit eumdem regem traditum, et venditum pro argento, dicens de persona sua: Appenderunt mercedem meam triginta argenteos, et reliqua. Passionem ejusdemque [sic) regis, id est, Salvaturis nostri per omnia, sicut factum est, mirabiliter prophetavit. Ait namque: Percutiam pastorem, et dispergentur oves gregis.","english":"He himself saw the stone with seven eyes written on it, and the golden lampstand holding seven lamps, and the seven pouring vessels hanging from the lamps, and two olive trees standing beside the lampstand, one on the right and one on the left. He himself saw the flying scroll, twenty cubits in length and ten cubits in width. He himself saw the talent of lead that was being carried, and the woman sitting in the midst of the amphora, which is impiety, into whose mouth the mass of lead was placed. He also saw two women having wings, like the wings of a kite, which were lifting the amphora between heaven and earth. He also saw four chariots coming out from between two golden mountains. In the first chariot were red horses, in the second chariot black horses, in the third chariot white horses, in the fourth chariot dappled and swift horses, and he saw many other obscure and mystical things. He prophesied the return of the people, and the restoration of Jerusalem and the temple; he prophesied that a poor and humble king would come, saying: Rejoice greatly, daughter of Zion; shout for joy, daughter of Jerusalem; behold, your king will come to you, just and a savior, poor, riding on a colt, the foal of a donkey. He prophesied that the same king would be handed over and sold for silver, saying in his own person: They weighed out my wages, thirty pieces of silver, and the rest. He wondrously prophesied the passion of the same king—that is, of our Savior—in every respect, just as it came to pass. For he says: I will strike the shepherd, and the sheep of the flock will be scattered.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[{"kind":"lacuna","severity":"caution","text":"The source is fragmentary here: the edition marks a break or an editorial bracket, and the English carries across it. Treat the bridge as supplied, not translated."}]},{"i":25,"ref":"p25","source":"Et iteruin: Quid sunt plagæ istæ in medio manuum tuarum? Plagatus sum in domo dorum, qui diligebant me. Et iterum: Aspiciunt ad me, quem offiterunt. De norne ejus sic prædicavit: Et plan. gent eum planctu quast super unigenitum, et dolebunt super eum,ut doleri solet super unigenitum. Baptismum futurum praedIxit, dicens: In die illa erit fons patens domus David, et habitantibus Jerusalem in ablutione veccatoris et menstruatæ.\n\nA morte naque ejusdem Zachariæ prophetae testem fidelem, qui nec tallit, nec fallitur, habeo, id esi, Jesum Salvat orem aostrum in Evangelio secun dum Matthæum, Judæos incredutos merepantem, et sic dicentem: Veniat super vos omnis sanguis justu a qui effusus est super terram, a unguine justi Abel usque ad sanguinem Zachariæ, filii Barochiæ, quem accidistis ini templum et altare. Zacharias ergo ex regione ChaJdærum valde senex in terram suam reversus, et, sicut diximus, occisus, junia Aggæum in Jer usalem humatus jacet.","english":"And again: What are these wounds in the midst of your hands? I was wounded in the house of those who loved me. And again: They look upon me, whom they pierced. Concerning his name he prophesied thus: And they shall mourn for him with mourning as for an only son, and they shall grieve for him, as one grieves for an only son. He foretold the baptism that was to come, saying: In that day there shall be a fountain opened to the house of David, and to the inhabitants of Jerusalem, for the washing of the sinner and of her that is unclean.\n\nAnd after the death of this same prophet Zechariah I have a faithful witness, who neither is deceived nor deceives, that is, Jesus our Savior in the Gospel according to Matthew, rebuking the unbelieving Jews, and saying thus: May all the righteous blood come upon you which has been shed upon the earth, from the blood of righteous Abel to the blood of Zechariah, the son of Barachiah, whom you killed between the temple and the altar. Zechariah therefore, from the region of the Chaldeans, very old, having returned to his own land, and, as we have said, having been killed, lies buried near Haggai in Jerusalem.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":26,"ref":"p26","source":"MALACHIAS propheta Angelus Domini iterpretatur. Mystica et Dei mysteria admonet, honorem adhibiendum parentibus et dominis dicens: Filius honoret patrem, et servus Dominum suum. Interrogat ex persona Dei Patris omnes viventes, dicens: Si ergo Pater ego sum, ubi est honor meus, et si Dominus ego sum, ubi est limor meus? Increpat autem sacerdoles indignos, et culpabiles, indigne et culpabiliter miristrantes Deo. Laudat vero sacerdotem dignum, et angelum vocal illiun, dicens: Labia sacerdotum custodiant scientiam, et legem requirant de ore ejus. quia angelus Domini exercituum est. Maledictum autem vocat eum, qui munera maculosa Deo suo de rebus suis offert, dicens: Maledictus homo dulosus, qui habet in grege suo musculum, et volum faciens immolavit debile Domino. Unum patrem omnium esse et unum Deum ad randuui demonstravit. Ait namque: Nunquid non Deus unus creavit nos? Quare ergo despicit unusquisque fratrem suum? Adventum Joannis præcursoris Domini prædixit dicendo: Ecce mitto angelum meum ante faciem tuam, et reliqua. Adventum Eliæ prophetæ et prædicatoris ante judicium prædicare prophetavit, dicens: Ecce ego Nobis mittam Etiam prophetam, antequam veniat dies Domini magnus, et terribilis, et convertel corda patrum in filios, et orda filiorum ad patre. eorum.","english":"MALACHI the prophet is interpreted as the Angel of the Lord. He admonishes mystical things and the mysteries of God, saying that honor is to be shown to parents and masters: A son honors his father, and a servant his lord. He questions all the living in the person of God the Father, saying: If therefore I am a father, where is my honor? And if I am a lord, where is my fear? But he rebukes unworthy and blameworthy priests, who minister to God unworthily and blameworthily. But he praises the worthy priest, and calls him an angel, saying: The lips of the priests shall keep knowledge, and they shall seek the law from his mouth, because he is the angel of the Lord of hosts. But he calls cursed the one who offers blemished gifts to his God from his own possessions, saying: Cursed is the deceitful man who has in his flock a male, and making a vow sacrifices a weak one to the Lord. He demonstrated that there is one father of all and one God. For he says: Has not one God created us? Why then does each one despise his brother? He foretold the coming of John, the Lord's forerunner, saying: Behold, I send my angel before your face, and the rest. He prophesied that the coming of Elijah the prophet and preacher before the judgment would be proclaimed, saying: Behold, I will send you Elijah the prophet, before the great and terrible day of the Lord comes, and he will turn the hearts of the fathers to the sons, and the hearts of the sons to their fathers.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":27,"ref":"p27","source":"Aperte autem Malachias in fine omnium prophetarum de abjectione Israel, et vocatione gentium prophetavit, dicens: Non est mihi volunta in vobis, dicit Dominus exercituum, et munus uon suscipiam de manu vestra. Ab ortu solis usque ad occasum magnuom est nomen meum in gentibus et in omni loco sacrificatur, et offertur nomini meo oblatio muuda. Post reversionem vere populi Israel a Babylone in Supha natus est Malachias itique admodum juvenis moritur, habetque tumulum Gabaonitis, suoque sepulcro conditus jucet.\n\nACUIs. Silonites ex civitate Eliæ Salomoni regi prædixit, quod per mulieres a mandatis Domini declianaret. Mortuus est ergo Ozias, et sepultus est juxta quercum in Silo.\n\nABDO in Samaria natus est, qui Roboam illicite immolantem admonuit. Hunc ad propria revertentem leo in via strangelavit. Sepultus est in Bethel in sepulcro prophetæ, qui eum fefellerat.","english":"But Malachi, last of all the prophets, plainly prophesied of the rejection of Israel and the calling of the Gentiles, saying: I have no pleasure in you, says the Lord of hosts, and I will not accept an offering from your hand. From the rising of the sun even to its setting my name is great among the Gentiles, and in every place sacrifice is offered, and a pure oblation is presented to my name. After the return of the people of Israel from Babylon, Malachi was born in Supha, and he dies while still quite young, and he has a tomb at Gabaon, and he lies buried in his own sepulcher.\n\nACUIS. The Silonite from the city of Elijah foretold to King Solomon that through women he would turn aside from the commandments of the Lord. Therefore Uzziah died and was buried beside the oak in Shiloh.\n\nABDO was born in Samaria, and he admonished Rehoboam when he was sacrificing unlawfully. As he was returning to his own land, a lion strangled him on the way. He was buried in Bethel in the sepulcher of the prophet who had deceived him.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":28,"ref":"p28","source":"AZARIAS auxilium Domini interpretatur. In terra orilur Sabatha; mortuusque est atque sepultus est in agelio suo.\n\nZACHARIAS memor Domini interpretatur; lilius Joiadæ sacerdotis, cum xxx annos vixisset, congregatus iu atrio domus Domini populus juxta regis Joas impertum, missis in cum lapidibus, prophetam sanctum exstinxit. Hunc sublevatum ide continuo sacerdotes sepelierunt eum juxta patrem suum.\n\nHOBIAS propheta sanctus, Dei summi servus, ex tribu et CIv laxe Nephthali ortus, in diebus Salmanasar regis Assymorum in civitatem Nunivem captivus ductus inter suos captivos juvenis aLlate, sed senex, et apiens consilio, et mende. Omnia bona quæ habuit cum charitate concaptivis condonavit. Puerulus tunc ætate, perfectus tamen in Dei tunore, idola vana ingrebat, legem Dei semper tenebat. Proselytis et advenis misericorditer ministrabat. Dignas Deo decimas donabat, uxorem nomine Annam de tribu sua accepit, quæ filium genuit, cui pater nomen suum imposuit, et eum de Dei lege et Dei timore docuit. A cibis gentilium se semper abstinuit. Ammam suam incontam natIII costodivit, III corde suo semper Domim sui memor int Cum D antuus in conspectu Salmanasar regis gratiam deant, factebat quod volebat, pergebat ubi desiderabat. Pauperes generis sui de moneribus regis duavit.","english":"Azariah means “help of the Lord.” He was born in the land of Sabatha, and he died and was buried in his own field.\n\nZechariah means “memorial of the Lord”; he was the son of Jehoiada the priest. When he had lived thirty years, the people having gathered in the court of the house of the Lord according to the command of King Joash, they sent stones upon him and killed the holy prophet. The priests immediately lifted him up and buried him beside his father.\n\nHobias, a holy prophet, servant of the Most High God, born of the tribe and region of Naphtali, in the days of Shalmaneser king of the Assyrians was led captive into the city of Nineveh; among his fellow captives he was brought as a young man, but he became an old man, wise in counsel and gentle. All the good things he had he generously shared with his fellow captives. Though small in age, he was nonetheless perfect in the fear of God; he trampled upon vain idols and always kept the law of God. He mercifully ministered to proselytes and strangers. He gave tithes worthy of God. He took a wife named Anna from his own tribe, who bore a son; his father gave him his own name and taught him the law of God and the fear of God. He always abstained from the foods of the Gentiles. He kept his soul undefiled, always mindful of his Lord in his heart. When he had found favor in the sight of King Shalmaneser, he did what he wished and went wherever he desired. He enriched the poor of his own people from the king’s gifts.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":29,"ref":"p29","source":"Gabelo pauperi de sua gente decem talenta argenti sub chirographo donavit, esurientes alebat, nudos vestiebat, mortuos sepeliebat, quem rex Sennacherib, Dei inimicus, occidere voluit. Sed illum cum uxore, et filio Dominus custodivit. Postea vero convivas suos relioquebat, et jugulatos mortuos generis sui abscondebat, et in noctibus eos sepeliebat. In his omnibus Deo placuit. et proximis sus displicuit, quia hæc omnia propter Deum fecit. Inde vero illum probavit, substantias et divitias abstulit. Mendicitate et paupertate percussit. Opprobria et illusiones a paren ibus, et uxore, et cognatis sustinuit. Sicut et Job, a regibus et a falsis amicis contumebas sustulit. Sed in his omnibus Tobias vir sanctus in Dei timore immobilis permansit, Deum semper benedixit, cum gemitu et lacryinis elementiam Dei postulavit, quem Dominus exaudivit, et de omnibus tribulationibus suis liberavit. Angelum suum santum namque Raphaelem de celo transmisit, qui eum tu omnibus consilis suis confortavit; quem hominem æstimavit, eum filio suo in viam pergere rogavit. Ita Raphael angelus fuil, ut pater sani us illum postulavit. In viam cum filio perrexit, et sanum eum usque in Rages civitatem Medorum adduxit.","english":"To Gabelus, a poor man of his own people, he gave ten talents of silver under a written bond; he fed the hungry, clothed the naked, and buried the dead. King Sennacherib, the enemy of God, wished to kill him, but the Lord protected him together with his wife and son. Afterwards, however, he would leave his guests, and he hid the slain dead of his own family, and by night he buried them. In all these things he pleased God and displeased his neighbors, because he did all these things for God's sake. Then indeed he tested him: he took away his substance and his riches; he struck him with beggary and poverty. He endured reproaches and mockeries from his parents, his wife, and his kinsfolk. Just as Job bore insults from kings and from false friends, so did he. But in all these things Tobias, a holy man, remained immovable in the fear of God; he always blessed God, and with groaning and tears he sought the mercy of God. The Lord heard him and delivered him from all his tribulations. For he sent his holy angel Raphael from heaven, who strengthened him in all his counsels; him he took to be a man, and he asked him to go on the journey with his son. Thus Raphael was an angel, yet the father supposed him to be a man. He set out on the way with the son, and brought him safely as far as Rages, a city of the Medes.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":30,"ref":"p30","source":"Cum quo quasi eum conservo, et fratre fabolavit, quem a morsu piscis eripoit, el Saram filiam Raguel uxorem habere fecit, a qua Raphael dæmonium nomine Asm deon compescuit, et in uperioris Agypto deserto alligavit, et gaudium magnum parentibus puellæ fecit, et pecuniam sancti patris a Gabelo suscepit, sanum et incolumen cum magna substantia, cum uxore et multa familia Tobiam ad patrem reduxit. Sancto seni lumen oculorum restituil; et filium suum, et familiam gaudens vidit Tunc ostendit eis angelus omnia mysteria itineris sui, et Saræ orationum, et sanitatis; et dixit eis in. gelus Raphael quia angelus Dei esset, et a Deo esset missus. Tuuc timuerunt, et in terram prostrati ceciderunt, ei dixit eis angelus: Nolite timere; pax vobiscum, Deum benedicite, illum laudete, et narrate omnic mirabilia ejus. Et cum hæc dixisset, ab aspectu eorum ablatus est; et per tres Horas in terram se prostraverunt, et Deum benedixerunt, et exsurgentes, omnia mirabilia ejus narraverunt. Tunc senex os suum aperuit, et Deum benedixit, et restaurationem Jerusalem, et templi prophetavit, et subversionem magna: civitatis Ninive prædixit. Dives valde, ei praclarus multis annis vixit cum benedictionibus. Quanquaginta et sex anuoruw erat, quando amisit lumen oculorum. Quatuor annis cæcus, et pauper fuit.","english":"With him, as if with a fellow servant and brother, he conversed—the man whom he rescued from the bite of a fish—and he arranged for him to have Sarah, the daughter of Raguel, as his wife; from her Raphael restrained the demon named Asmodeus and bound him in the desert of upper Egypt, and he brought great joy to the girl's parents, and he received the money of the holy father from Gabelus, and he brought Tobias back to his father sound and unharmed, with great substance, with his wife and a large household. He restored to the holy old man the light of his eyes; and rejoicing, he saw his son and his household. Then the angel showed them all the mysteries of his journey, and of Sarah's prayers, and of the healing; and the angel Raphael told them that he was an angel of God and had been sent by God. Then they feared, and fell prostrate on the ground, and the angel said to them: Do not fear; peace be with you; bless God, praise him, and tell all his wonderful works. And when he had said this, he was taken away from their sight; and for three hours they lay prostrate on the ground and blessed God, and rising up they told all his wonderful works. Then the old man opened his mouth and blessed God, and prophesied the restoration of Jerusalem and of the temple, and foretold the destruction of the great city of Nineveh. Very rich, and renowned, he lived for many years with blessings. He was fifty-six years old when he lost the light of his eyes. For four years he was blind and poor.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":31,"ref":"p31","source":"Sexagenarius lumen oculorum, et divitias duplicatas recepit, et postea quam illuminatus est, vixit amnis XL duobus, et vidit filios nepotum suolum. Completis itaque annis CXII, cuDi Dei timore perrexit iu pace, sepultus honorifice in Ninive civitate, simul et Anna sua uxore.\n\nJOANNES BAPTISTA, qui interpretatur gratia Dei, filius Zachariæ sacerdotis, ex tribu Levi, in Israel ortus, angelo annuntiante conceptus, ab angelo nominatus, antequam esset generatus, in senectute parentum natus, præcuosor Salvatoris miro modo iactus nascendo, prædicando, baptizando, moriendo, ad interos descendendo; sex etenim mensibus aute Salvatorem natus, et ante passionem Donimi capite plexus, et ad inferos descendit prænuntius prianus Christi, servus Domini, propheta altissimi, vox Verbi, amicus sponbi, tsns DoMnini, præco judicis, lucerna luminis, miles regis, terminus prophetarum, baptisimatis intium. Cujus pater uovem menses mutus tacut, quia angelo prophetali non credidit, qui prænuntiatus patris vocem abstulit, genitus officium linguæ resolvit, qui necdum editus Christum prohetavit, ex utero salutavit; inter natos mulierum non surrexit major, quem Dominus laudavit, et illum angelum nominavit, ei prophetam et plus quam prophetamillum appellavit, quia de quo prophetavit, digito demonstravit. Spiritu et vir tute Eliæ plenus fuit, qui cum natus apparuit, gaudium magnum multis praebuit.","english":"At sixty years of age he received the light of his eyes and doubled riches, and after he was enlightened he lived forty-two more years, and he saw the sons of his grandsons. And so, when one hundred twelve years were completed, he departed in peace with the fear of God, buried honorably in the city of Nineveh, together with Anna his wife.\n\nJohn the Baptist, whose name is interpreted as the grace of God, son of Zachariah the priest, from the tribe of Levi, born in Israel, conceived with an angel announcing it, named by an angel before he was begotten, born in the old age of his parents, the forerunner of the Savior in a wondrous manner cast forth by being born, by preaching, by baptizing, by dying, by descending to the dead; for he was born six months before the Savior, and before the passion of the Lord was struck on the head, and he descended to the underworld as the herald of Christ's triumph, servant of the Lord, prophet of the Most High, voice of the Word, friend of the bridegroom, torch of the Lord, herald of the judge, lamp of the light, soldier of the king, boundary of the prophets, beginning of baptism. His father was mute and silent for nine months, because he did not believe the prophetic angel, who by his announcement took away his father's voice; and when he was born, he restored the office of his tongue; who, not yet brought forth, prophesied Christ, and greeted him from the womb; among those born of women there has not arisen a greater, whom the Lord praised, and called him an angel, and called him a prophet and more than a prophet, because he pointed out with his finger the one about whom he prophesied. He was filled with the Spirit and with the courage of Elijah, who when he was born appeared and offered great joy to many.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":32,"ref":"p32","source":"In columba agnovit,in deserto montravit, Salvatorem baptizavit, poenitentiam prædicavit, cujus vestis camelorum lanugo, eremus ejus habitatio, victus ejus mel silvestre, simul el locustæ. Hic dum Herodem prohiberet, ne fraternum connubium violaret, carceralibus tenebris mancipari præcpit.Cujns caput Herodis regis filia fudens praemium postulavit. At ille deseclum male poscenti filiæ ebrius inter pocula dedit. VIII Kalend. Dei. conceptus, VIII K. Junii natus, IV Kal. Sept. passus, in Sebastia oppido Palæstinæ sepultus, quæ olim Samaria vocabatur quam Herodes rex Judæ Antipatris filius ob honorem Cæsaris Augusti Græco sermone Angustam. vocavit. Caput vero Joannis Baptistæ in Emiza in olio vitreo reconditum est in honorem, præstante Domino nostro.\n\nJOSEPH, qui interpretatur augmentum, filius Jacobi, filii Mathan ex tribu Juda, et de familia David ortus, in civitate sua Nazareth natus, faber arte, frater Cleophæ, vir Mariu adjutorio, non carne, Cleophas vero pater apostoli Simonis Chananæi, Joseph autem pater Jacobi, fratris Domnini, qualiter dicitur Jacobus Alphæi, Maria Cleophæ, id est, uxor Cleophæ, soror est matris, et virginis Mariæ; sed de eodem viro Mariæ Josephi in genealogiis Evangeliorium, hoc est, secundum Matthæum, et Lucam quæ...","english":"In the dove he recognized him, in the desert he pointed him out, he baptized the Savior, he preached repentance, whose garment was the fleece of camels, whose dwelling was the wilderness, whose food was wild honey, and likewise locusts. When this man forbade Herod to violate his brother's marriage, he ordered him to be consigned to the darkness of prison. The daughter of King Herod, dancing, demanded his head as a reward. But he, drunk among the cups, gave it to the daughter wickedly asking for the accursed thing. Conceived on the eighth day before the Kalends of January, born on the eighth day before the Kalends of June, he suffered on the fourth day before the Kalends of September, and was buried in the town of Sebaste in Palestine, which was formerly called Samaria, which King Herod of Judea, son of Antipater, in honor of Caesar Augustus called by the Greek word Angusta. But the head of John the Baptist is laid up in Emiza in a glass jar of oil, to his honor, with our Lord granting it.\n\nJOSEPH, which is interpreted as increase, son of Jacob, son of Matthan from the tribe of Judah, and sprung from the family of David, born in his own city of Nazareth, a craftsman by trade, brother of Cleophas, the husband of Mary as a helper, not by flesh; but Cleophas was the father of Simon the Canaanite, the apostle; but Joseph was the father of James, the brother of the Lord, in the manner in which James is called Alphaeus's, and Mary Cleophas, that is, the wife of Cleophas, is the sister of the mother, and of the virgin Mary; but concerning the same man of Mary, Joseph, in the genealogies of the Gospels, that is, according to Matthew and Luke, which...","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":33,"ref":"p33","source":"stiuncula satis obscura oritur, quia secundum Matthæum filius Jacuhi dicimur, hoc modo: Mathan genuit Jacob, Jacob genuit Joseph; secundum vero Lucam filius Heli nominatur bis verbis: Joseph, qui fuit Heli, qui fuit Melchi. Sed in his verbis bene Scripturas intelligentibus nihil contrarium est, qua Matthæus eum secundum carnem Jacobi filium affirmat, Lueas vero secundum legis mandatum illum Heli filium annuntiat. Jacob enim et Heli fratres nterini ex una matre nomine Estha nati, et non ex uno patre geniti. Pater enim Jacobi Mathan, quem peperit ei Estha, pater vero Heli Melchi. Defuucto aUtem Mathan, relicto uno filio Jacobi tonine, suscepit Melchi eamdem Estham matrem Jacobi, quæ peperit ei filium nomine Heli, Sine liberis frater suus Jacob suscepit uxorem ejus, et suscitavit fratri defuncto filium secundum legis mandatum notine Joseph, secundum vero naturam suum proprium filium, id est, ipsum Joseph, qui vir Mariæ dicitur, et quasi pater Chrisli annuntiatur.","english":"A rather obscure little question arises, because according to Matthew we are said to be the son of Jacob, in this way: Matthan begot Jacob, Jacob begot Joseph; but according to Luke he is named the son of Heli in these words: Joseph, who was of Heli, who was of Melchi. But in these words there is nothing contradictory for those who understand the Scriptures well, since Matthew affirms him to be the son of Jacob according to the flesh, while Luke announces him to be the son of Heli according to the command of the law. For Jacob and Heli were maternal brothers, born of one mother named Estha, and not begotten by one father. For the father of Jacob was Matthan, whom Estha bore to him, but the father of Heli was Melchi. But when Matthan died, leaving one son, Jacob, Melchi took the same Estha, the mother of Jacob, and she bore him a son named Heli. When he died without children, his brother Jacob took his wife and raised up a son for his deceased brother according to the command of the law, named Joseph, but by nature his own proper son, that is, this same Joseph, who is said to be the husband of Mary and is announced as, so to speak, the father of Christ.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":34,"ref":"p34","source":"MARIA, quæ interpretatur domina, vel illuminatrix, aut stella maris, sive stella, stirpe clara, David regis filia, Jesse virga, rosa sine spina, oliva alma, collina aurea, solis aurora, leminarum regina, Salvatoris sponsa, Dei vivi filia, principis ancilla alti, hortus conclusus, fons signatus, Trinitatis thalamus, mater Domini omnipotentis, mater solis et floris, mater agni ei leonis, mater vitæ et vitis, mater lucis et pacis, mater viae et veritatis, mater servi et regis, mater Dei et hominis, mater pastoris et panis, templum Dei, sacrarium Spiritus sancti, Virgo sancta, virgo fecta, virgo ante partum, virgo in partu, virgo post partum, filium quem genuit creatorem credidit, ei patrem hahuit, et Dominum adoravit, salutationem ab angelo suscepit, et mysterium conceptionis agnoscit, partus qualitatem inquirit, et cou1ra legem naturæ obsequii iidem non renuit. Facia est mater viri sine copulatione mariti, mater infantem lactavit, et virga incorrupta permansit. Hanc quidam vitam finiri (sic) martyrio asserunt. Sic enim Simeon sanctus Christum propriis brachiis suis portans prophetavit, dicens: Et tuam ipsius animam pertransiet gladius.","english":"MARY, which is interpreted as lady, or illuminatrix, or star of the sea, or star, renowned in stock, daughter of King David, rod of Jesse, rose without thorn, kindly olive, golden hill, dawn of the sun, queen of women, bride of the Savior, daughter of the living God, handmaid of the high prince, enclosed garden, sealed fountain, bridal chamber of the Trinity, mother of the almighty Lord, mother of the sun and the flower, mother of the lamb and the lion, mother of life and the vine, mother of light and peace, mother of the way and the truth, mother of the servant and the king, mother of God and man, mother of the shepherd and the bread, temple of God, sanctuary of the Holy Spirit, holy virgin, made virgin, virgin before birth, virgin in birth, virgin after birth, she believed the son whom she bore to be the creator, and had him as father, and adored him as Lord, she received greeting from the angel, and recognizes the mystery of the conception, she inquires into the manner of the birth, and does not refuse compliance with the law of nature. She was made mother of a man without union with a husband, she nursed the infant as a mother, and remained an uncorrupted rod. Some assert that her life was ended by martyrdom. For thus holy Simeon, carrying Christ in his own arms, prophesied, saying: And a sword shall pierce your own soul.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[{"kind":"scripture","severity":"info","ref":"Luke 2:35","text":"The English carries the scriptural phrase “a sword shall pierce”, which matches Luke 2:35. The match is on the English draft; check the Coptic before quoting the verse."}]},{"i":35,"ref":"p35","source":"Non tamen ex gladio earMaii, sed ex gladio spirituali prophetatum est, hoc est verbum Dei, quot validius et acutius omni gladio acutissimo, penetrans usque ad divisionem animæ, et spiritus, quia uec litteræ, Dee historia docet ex hac vita Mariam migrasse martyrii corporalis passione. Hoc tamencertum est, quia nemo obitum ejus scit, aut quomodo ex hac luce migravit, dum tamen in Jerusalem ejus sepulcrum certe positum sit. Nativitas itaque sanctae Mariæ Matris Domini vi Id. Sept. Assumptio vero ejusdem XVIII Kal. Septemb. celebratur.\n\nJESUS CHRISTUS, quod interpretatur salvator unctus, Jesus namque Hebraicum nomen est, quod Græce soter dicitur, Latine vero salvator appellatur. Christus amem Græcum est, quod Hebraice messias vocatur, Latine vero unctus dicitur. Hic est Filius David, filii Abraham, ut sancta Scriptura in santis sermonibus sancti evangelistæ et apostoli Matthæi scribentis et dicentis in principio Evangelii sui: Li. ber generationis Jesu Christi filii David, filii Abraham, Abraham autem genuit Isaac, et reliqua, qu:e sequuntur usque ad illum locum, ubi dicitur: Cum natus esset Jesus in Bethleem Juda in diebus Herodis regis Judææ.","english":"Nevertheless, it was not foretold by the sword of Mary, but by the spiritual sword, that is, the word of God, which is more powerful and sharper than every sharpest sword, piercing even to the division of soul and spirit; for neither the letter nor history teaches that Mary departed from this life by the passion of bodily martyrdom. This, however, is certain: that no one knows her passing, or how she departed from this light, though her tomb is certainly established in Jerusalem. The nativity, therefore, of holy Mary, Mother of the Lord, is celebrated on the sixth day before the Ides of September. Her Assumption truly is celebrated on the eighteenth day before the Kalends of September.\n\nJESUS CHRIST, which is interpreted as anointed savior—for Jesus is a Hebrew name, which in Greek is called soter, and in Latin is called savior. Christ, moreover, is Greek, which in Hebrew is called messiah, and in Latin is called anointed. This is the Son of David, the son of Abraham, as the Holy Scripture in the holy words of the holy evangelist and apostle Matthew writes and says at the beginning of his Gospel: The book of the generation of Jesus Christ, the son of David, the son of Abraham. And Abraham begot Isaac, and the rest which follow up to that place where it is said: When Jesus was born in Bethlehem of Judah in the days of Herod the king of Judea.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":36,"ref":"p36","source":"Hæc omnia affirmant quo ordine ex cœlo per archangelum Gabrielem Virgini est annuntiatus, et quomodo in Virginis utero conceptus, et in quo loco, et in quo tempore, et sub quo rege, et iii qua plebe est natus, et quomodo ab angelo est nominatus, ante breviter dictum est. Magnitudinem et altitudinem ejus, et profunditatem, latitudinem, et obscuritatem hujus mysterii nullus naturaliter vivens non dico enarrare, vel scrutari, sed nec æstimare potest, nisi ille solus. Sed huc mysterium, ut voluit, et constituit, et consecravit, sicul per Isaiam Spiritus sanctus affirmat, dicens: Generationem ejus quis enarrabit? et per Paulum apostolum idem Spiritus sanctus clamat, et ait: O altitudo divitiarum sapientiæ, et scientiæ Dei, quam inscratabilia sunt judicia ejus, et investigabiles viæ ejus Quis enim eognovit sensum Domini, aut quis consiliarius ejus fuit? Et iterum ait: Ex ipso, et per ipsum, ea in ipso sunt omnia. Quis enim angelorum aut mortalium hominum verum Deum et Dei unigenitum, qui incomprehensibilis est, et inæstimabilem ante sæcula sine matre genitum, et verum hominem, carne, anima, natura ex vera Yirgine matre sine peccato; sine patre terreno in iine sæculorum conceptum et natum valeat scrutati, aut cogitare, aut nuntiare? aut quomodo eum humana fragilitas poteSt [comprehendere ]?","english":"All these things affirm in what order he was announced from heaven by the archangel Gabriel to the Virgin, and how he was conceived in the Virgin's womb, and in what place, and at what time, and under which king, and among which people he was born, and how he was named by the angel—these were briefly stated before. But the greatness and height of this mystery, and its depth, breadth, and obscurity, no one living by nature—I do not say can narrate or search out, but not even estimate—except he alone. But this mystery, as he willed, both established and consecrated it, just as the Holy Spirit affirms through Isaiah, saying: Who shall declare his generation? And through the apostle Paul the same Holy Spirit cries out and says: O the depth of the riches of the wisdom and knowledge of God, how unsearchable are his judgments and his ways past finding out! For who has known the mind of the Lord, or who has been his counselor? And again he says: From him, and through him, and in him are all things. For who among angels or mortal men is able to search out, or think, or declare the true God and the only-begotten of God, who is incomprehensible, and inestimable, begotten before the ages without a mother, and true man, in flesh, soul, and nature from a true Virgin mother without sin, without an earthly father conceived and born at the end of the ages? Or how can human frailty comprehend him?","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[{"kind":"lacuna","severity":"caution","text":"The source is fragmentary here: the edition marks a break or an editorial bracket, and the English carries across it. Treat the bridge as supplied, not translated."}]},{"i":37,"ref":"p37","source":"Ipse est enim Deus a semetipso, et in semetipso, Deus excelsus, Deus in Deo, Deus cum Deo, Deus in homine, et homo in Deo. Verus homo natura, et Immanitate, verus Deus potentia et majestate. Præcepit Dominus Jesus Christus Ecclesiae suæ facere quæ ipse fecit, credere quod docuit, sperare quod promisit. Qui dignatus est ad nos humiliter venire, et inter nos XXXIII annos et vi menses carnaliter et clementer habitare. Cujus conceptio et passio iu æquinoctio vernali; et cujus nativitas in sobstitio hiemali; Kalend. Jan. ejus circumcisio, et ejus baptismus in Januario; die VI Kalend. April. ejus resurrectio; III Nonas Maii ej us in cœlum Ascensio, ubi regnat cum Patre, et Spiritu sancto in sæcula.\n\nOmnes APOSTOLI discipuli, non omnes discipuli aposioli; apostoli enim Græce, missi Latine dicuntur. Discipuli, qui discunt plene.\n\nSIMON PETRUS tribus nominibus appellatur. Primo a parentius Cephas, deinde Simon, tertio Penus. His autem duobus nominibus nominavit illum Deus: Simon, qui interpretatur obediens; Petrus, agnoscens. Prius piscator piscium, postea piscator factus est hominum, quem Christus ut piscem in rete electionis tenuit, quando, ut post se veniret, illum vocavit. Ipse est agnitor Christi, clavicularius regni, Ecclesiæ fundamentum, princeps apostolorum, filius Joanna, frater Andreæ, ortus vico Beihsaida provincia Galilææ, quæ est juxta stagnum Genesareth.","english":"For he is God from himself, and in himself, God most high, God in God, God with God, God in man, and man in God. True man in nature and in greatness, true God in power and majesty. The Lord Jesus Christ commanded his Church to do what he himself did, to believe what he taught, to hope for what he promised. He who deigned to come to us humbly, and to dwell among us carnally and mercifully for thirty-three years and six months. His conception and passion were at the vernal equinox; his nativity at the winter solstice; his circumcision on the Kalends of January, and his baptism in January; his resurrection on the sixth day before the Kalends of April; his Ascension into heaven on the third day before the Nones of May, where he reigns with the Father and the Holy Spirit forever.\n\nAll the apostles were disciples, but not all disciples were apostles; for \"apostles\" in Greek is \"sent\" in Latin. Disciples are those who learn fully.\n\nSimon Peter is called by three names. First, from his parents, Cephas; then Simon; third, Penus. For by these two names God named him: Simon, which is interpreted \"obedient\"; Peter, \"knowing.\" First a fisher of fish, afterward he was made a fisher of men, whom Christ held like a fish in the net of election when he called him to come after him. He is the recognizer of Christ, the key-bearer of the kingdom, the foundation of the Church, the prince of the apostles, the son of Joanna, the brother of Andrew, born in the village of Bethsaida in the province of Galilee, which is beside the lake of Gennesaret.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":38,"ref":"p38","source":"Tertius in ordine secundum Joannem, primus secundum Matthæum, confessor primus Filii Dei, discipulus amatur Domini, et negator. Confitendo laudatus, præsumendo elatus, negando lapsus, lacrymando purificatus, confusione probatus, passione coronamus. Cui nomen ex opere datur, titulus ex merito potestatis imponitur. Virtutibus et signis sæculo craruit, pedum gressu fervidum mare calcavit. Præteriens umbra morbidos sanavit, potestate vivos morti tradidit, mortuos virtute in vitam suscitavit. Claudis clementia gressus redintegravit. Paralyticis flaccida membra in proprium statum reparavit. Simonem Magum, et maleficum, cœlum conscendentem, ad terram elisit, sub Claudio Cæsare Antiochenam fundavit Ecclesiam. Sub Nerone vero rexit Romani; predicavit Pontum, Galatiam, Bithyniam, Cappadociam, cæterasque confines provincias. Judæis duntaxat prædicans circuisse deprehenditur, qui ad ultimum propter Simonem Magum licet Dei occulto nutu, Romam pervenit, ibique prædicans Evangelium xxv annorum ejusdem urbis tenuit pontificatum. Sexto autem et tricesimo anno post passionem Domini sub Nerone Caesare, ut voluit, cruci suspensus est. Cujus natalitium III Kal. Jul. celebratur, sepultus in Vaticano ab urbe Roma ad Orientem tertio milliario.","english":"Third in order after John, first after Matthew, the first confessor of the Son of God, the beloved disciple of the Lord, and also his denier. Praised for confessing, elated by presuming, fallen by denying, purified by weeping, tested by confusion, we crown him for his passion. To him a name is given from his work, a title is imposed from the merit of his power. He shone before the world by virtues and signs, he trod the boiling sea with the step of his feet. Passing by as a shadow he healed the sick, by his power he handed the living over to death, by his virtue he raised the dead to life. By his mercy he restored steps to the lame. He repaired the slackened limbs of paralytics to their proper state. He struck Simon Magus, the sorcerer, as he climbed toward heaven, down to the earth; under Claudius Caesar he founded the church of Antioch. Under Nero, however, he ruled the church of Rome; he preached in Pontus, Galatia, Bithynia, Cappadocia, and the other neighboring provinces. It is found that he went about preaching to the Jews only, and at the last, on account of Simon Magus, though by the hidden will of God, he came to Rome, and preaching the Gospel there he held the pontificate of that city for twenty-five years. But in the thirty-sixth year after the passion of the Lord, under Nero Caesar, as he willed, he was suspended on a cross. His birthday is celebrated on the third day before the Kalends of July; he was buried in the Vatican, three miles from the city of Rome toward the east.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":39,"ref":"p39","source":"PAULUS apostolus, qui et primum nominatus est Saulus; Paulus, quod interpretatur mirabilis, vel pius. Saulus autem interpretatur impius. Saulus itaque, id est, impius Christianos persequens. Paulus autem, id et, pius populis Christum praedicare (sic). Pradicans pastor, præclarus prædicator, egregius doclor gentium, advocatus Judæorum. A Christo electus, de cœlo vocatus, feliciter increpatus, in terram prostratus, oculatus cecidit, cæcatus surrexit, persecutor saevus, claritate plenus, vas electionis, ex lupo ovis. Vocatione novissimus, prædicatione primus, in lege Gamalielis discipulus, in evangelio Christi servus. In Judæa genitus, de tribu Benjamin ortus, plus omnibus laborans, multo lanius de cæteris praedicans, a Jerusalem usque ad Illyricum in circuitu Evangelium Dei docens, cujus miracula refulgent clara. Raptus in terlium coelum conscendit. Pythonis spiritum imperando damnavit. Adolescentem mortuum susciiavit. Cæcitate magum perculit, claudo proprium incessum reformavit. Diræ serpentis morsum non sensit, sed igni arsuram dedit. Patrem Publii a febribus orando sanavit, passiones incredibiies pro Christo sustinuit.","english":"PAUL the apostle, who was also first named Saul; Paul, which is interpreted as wonderful, or pious. But Saul is interpreted as impious. Saul, therefore, that is, the impious one, persecuting Christians. But Paul, that is, pious, to preach Christ to the peoples (thus). A preaching pastor, a distinguished preacher, an outstanding teacher of the Gentiles, an advocate of the Jews. Chosen by Christ, called from heaven, blessedly rebuked, struck down to the ground, he fell seeing, he rose blinded, a savage persecutor, full of brightness, a vessel of election, from a wolf a sheep. Last in calling, first in preaching, a disciple in the law of Gamaliel, a servant in the gospel of Christ. Born in Judea, sprung from the tribe of Benjamin, laboring more than all, a great butcher preaching about the rest, teaching the Gospel of God round about from Jerusalem even to Illyricum, whose miracles shine forth clearly. Caught up, he ascended into the third heaven. By commanding he condemned the spirit of the Python. He raised up a dead youth. He struck a magician with blindness, he restored to a lame man his own walking. He did not feel the bite of the dire serpent, but gave it to be burned in fire. By praying he healed the father of Publius from fevers, he endured unbelievable sufferings for Christ.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":40,"ref":"p40","source":"A Judæis et genubus plagas pertulit, miseriam et laborem, sitim et famem, frigus et nuditatem, ter virgis cæsus, semel lapidatus, tres vices naufrag tus, die ac nocte in prolundo maris dimersus, mille periculis et plagis percussus, in carceres trusus, catenis ligatus, a Juda is gentibus traditus In sporta per murum evasit dimissus. Poenis arctatus ferarum rabiem patitur, in canere vinctus terrae motu facto absolvitur. Hic secundo post passionem Domini anno ab Anania in Damasco baptizatur, et post ba'c omnia Romæ biennio in custodia fuit; XVIII deinceps anuis nationes occiduas perfecte edocendo explens, et sub Nerone eodem die quo Pelrus crucifixus. Idem iu via Ustiensi u uncatus, ibique cum honore sepultus.\n\nANDREAS apostolus Domini, frater Simonis Petri, in nativitate elro primus, in ordine pontificatus tertius. Gente Galilæus de Bethsaida civitate ortus, qui fuit piscator ptius, postea laclus est Christi discipulus. Cum rete ei navi pisces de mare trahebat, ipse, ut piscis, rele retentus magno piscatori adhaere bai. Relinquens rete simul et navem, secutus est felix mundi Redemptorem. Seculus et Salvatorem Dominum, ct factus esi piscator et prædicator hominum: secutus est Christum usque ad crucis exaltationem, cujus vestigia ipse viriliter ter ui usque ad crucis passtonem.","english":"He endured beatings from Jews and Gentiles, misery and toil, thirst and hunger, cold and nakedness; he was scourged with rods three times, stoned once, shipwrecked three times, submerged day and night in the deep of the sea, struck by a thousand dangers and blows, thrust into prisons, bound with chains, handed over by the Jews to the Gentiles; let down in a basket through the wall, he escaped. Constrained by punishments, he suffered the rage of wild beasts; bound in a prison, he was set free when an earthquake occurred. In the second year after the Lord's passion he was baptized by Ananias at Damascus, and after all these things he was in custody at Rome for two years; thereafter, completing eighteen years in fully teaching the western nations, and under Nero he was crucified on the same day as Peter. He was crowned in the Ostian Way, and there buried with honor.\n\nANDREW, apostle of the Lord, brother of Simon Peter, first in birth, third in the order of the episcopate. By race a Galilean, born in the city of Bethsaida, who was first a fisherman, and afterward was made a disciple of Christ. When with net and boat he was dragging fish from the sea, he himself, as a fish, caught by the net, clung to the great Fisher. Leaving both net and boat, he followed the happy Redeemer of the world. He followed the Savior and Lord, and was made a fisher and preacher of men; he followed Christ even to the exaltation of the cross, whose footsteps he himself manfully trod even to the passion of the cross.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":41,"ref":"p41","source":"Andreas enim virilia, vel decorus, interpretatur: vere virilis, et viriliter fecit, quia Christum crucifixum barbaris popuus prædicavit, et crucem ejus mirabiliter laudavit, et mirabiliter credidit et rogavit. Hic itaque evangelizavit juxta maie Caspium, bcy hiam, Macedomam, et At haiam, in quibus populos multos Christo acquisivit. Anlore summæ charitatis in Christum, et in Christi crucem repletus fui I, justitia, et sanctitate, et pietate fere omnes pi æcellit Paratam namque sibi crucem ut vidit, inenarrabili et inæstimabili gaudio et exsultatione repletu, ait: bona crux, o præclara, o pretiosa, o crux sancta o sanguine Chriili, velut margaritis, ornata, o tandiu quæsita, et desiderata, suscipe me, rogo, et rede me magistro meo Christo. Crucem niortis ministram non timuit, sed nimio amore eam adamavit, et amplexit. Magistrum namque incomprehensibili charitate conspexit, ideo patibulum non timuit, etsi sensit. Tunc alacer crucem ascendit, quia usque ad mortem magistro obedivit. Beatus biduo patibulo pendens, et vultu ang lio clare re plendens, populis prædicando non cessavit; populus hæc mirab liter et vidit, et audivit, a cruce eum solvere cum magno conatu voluit, sed nullus hominum natus ipsum attingere potuit, quia Dominus militem summ secum ducere voluit; tunc populos, et in Christo fratres salulavit, et cum magistro et angelis in requiem regni laetus perrexit.","english":"Andrew means \"manly\" or \"beautiful\": truly manly, and he acted manfully, because he preached Christ crucified to barbarian peoples, and wondrously praised His cross, and wondrously believed and prayed. He therefore evangelized beside the Caspian Sea, in Bithynia, Macedonia, and Achaia, in which regions he won many peoples for Christ. Filled with the greatest love for Christ and for Christ's cross, he surpassed nearly all in righteousness, holiness, and piety. For when he saw the cross prepared for him, he was filled with inexpressible and inestimable joy and exultation, and said: \"Good cross, O glorious, O precious, O holy cross, adorned with the blood of Christ as with pearls, O cross so long sought and desired, receive me, I pray, and restore me to my master Christ.\" He did not fear the cross as a minister of death, but with exceeding love he loved and embraced it. For he had beheld his Master with incomprehensible love, and therefore did not fear the gibbet, though he felt it. Then eagerly he ascended the cross, because he was obedient to his Master even unto death. The blessed man, hanging on the gibbet for two days and shining brightly with an angelic countenance, did not cease preaching to the peoples; the people saw these things wondrously and heard them, and wished to take him down from the cross with great effort, but no man born of woman was able to touch him, because the Lord wished to lead His soldier with Him; then he greeted the peoples and the brothers in Christ, and went joyfully with his Master and the angels into the rest of the kingdom.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":42,"ref":"p42","source":"Hæc gesta sunt sub Ægea proconsule in civitate Patras, prid. K. Decembris, cujus corpusculum beata Maximilla inde cum honore adduxi, et aromatibus sanctum corpus condidl (sic), cujus reliquiæ, id est, brachium ejus, vicesimo Constantini imperatoris anno ad Romani translatae sunt, et in ecclesia sancti Petri apostoli fratris ejus honorifice collocatæ sunt.\n\nJACOBUS, qui interpretatur supplantator, filius Zebedæi, frater Joannis apostoli, arte prius piscalor, postea factus est Christi secutor, relinquens rete et navenr, secutus est Salvatorem, relicto patre Zebedæo. Obedivit omnipotenti Deo. Relinquens mare et pisces, factus est in muri, id est, in mundo piscator coelestis. Hispanis, et occidentalibus locis praedicator, et sub Herode gladio cæsus occubuit, sepultusque est in Achaia marmarica VIII Kal. Augusti.\n\nJOANNES apostolus, et evangelista, qui interpretatur gratia Dei, filius Zebedæi, frater Jacobi. Sanctæ Mariae filius in adoptione, et Christi frater in virginitate. A Domino electus in tantum, et dilectus, ut iu cœna recumberet super pectus Domini. Ipse Joannes ad crucem Christi stetit, cui lunc soli Salvator pendens matrem suam Mariam commendavit. Iste enim Juannes in Cana Galilææ uxorem ducere voluit, quando Dominus Jesus aquam in vinum fecit. Sed Domimis Jesus ad virginitatis exemplum illum traxit, ut virgo virginem adjuvaret, et mater IIlium proprium haberet.","english":"These things were done under the proconsul Aegeas in the city of Patras, on the day before the Kalends of December; his poor little body the blessed Maximilla brought thence with honor, and she embalmed the holy body with spices; his relics, that is, his arm, were translated to Rome in the twentieth year of the emperor Constantine, and were honorably placed in the church of Saint Peter the apostle, his brother.\n\nJAMES, which is interpreted \"supplanter,\" son of Zebedee, brother of the apostle John, was first by trade a fisherman, and afterward became a follower of Christ; leaving his net and his boat, he followed the Savior, leaving behind his father Zebedee. He obeyed the almighty God. Leaving the sea and the fishes, he became a heavenly fisherman in the world. A preacher to the Spaniards and to the western regions, he fell slain by the sword under Herod, and was buried in Achaea Marmarica on the eighth day before the Kalends of August.\n\nJOHN the apostle and evangelist, which is interpreted \"grace of God,\" son of Zebedee, brother of James. He was a son of holy Mary by adoption, and a brother of Christ in virginity. He was chosen by the Lord and so greatly loved that he reclined at the supper upon the breast of the Lord. This John stood at the cross of Christ, and to him alone, as the Savior hung there, He commended His mother Mary. For this John at Cana of Galilee wished to take a wife, when the Lord Jesus made water into wine. But the Lord Jesus drew him to the example of virginity, so that as a virgin he might assist the virgin, and she might have him as her own son.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":43,"ref":"p43","source":"Dum enim suscepit mater magistri discipulum, etiam ipse pro Christo alter quodammodo relictus est lilius. Joanne8 Domini discipulus, Joannes Abiæ archiepiscopus, Joannes charitate Dei plenus, Joannes in mystertis Evangelii ulei fluvius, Joannes aquila visus in visione Ezechiclis quatuor animalibus. Evangelium Christi prædicans in Abia, a Domitiano Caesare ligatus est catena, ibi Apocalypsim, id est, revelationem conspicit, ubi Dei mysteria et dixit, et scripsit. interfecto auLem Domitiano a senatu, solutus est Joanues ab exilio, felix recessit in Ephesum. Ibi rogatus ab Asiæ episcopis, scripsit Evangelum, in quo alios sermone pra cellit, sicut alios amore præcedit, cujus quidem inter alias virtutes magnitudo signorum fuit. Martyr veraciter voluntate exstitit. Missus namque in ferventis olei dolium, illæsus inde evasit. Veneni poculum potavit, et ei nihil nocuit. Duos viras de veneno mortuos suscitavit, silvestres frondium virgas in aurum mutavit, littoreaque saxa in geminas formavit, et gemmarum fragmina in propriam naturam reformaVII. Viduam quoque praecepto populi suscitavit, et redivivum cujusdam juven.s corpus in vitæ statum reparavit, et quod dictu magis est, Christi generationem saeculo monstravit.","english":"For when the mother of the Master received the disciple, he too was in a certain manner left as another Elias for Christ. John, the disciple of the Lord, John the archbishop of Abia, John full of the love of God, John in the mysteries of the Gospel a river of oil, John the eagle seen in the vision of Ezekiel among the four living creatures. Preaching the Gospel of Christ in Abia, he was bound with a chain by Caesar Domitian; there he beheld the Apocalypse, that is, the revelation, where he both spoke and wrote the mysteries of God. But when Domitian had been slain by the senate, John was released from exile and departed happy to Ephesus. There, entreated by the bishops of Asia, he wrote the Gospel, in which he surpasses others in speech as he precedes them in love; among his other virtues was indeed the greatness of his signs. He was truly a martyr in will. For having been cast into a vat of boiling oil, he came out from it unharmed. He drank a cup of poison, and it harmed him not at all. He raised two men dead from poison, he changed the wild leafy branches into gold, he formed the stones of the shore into gems, and he restored the fragments of gems to their own nature. He also raised a widow by the command of the people, and he restored the revived body of a certain young man to the state of life, and—what is more marvelous to say—he showed the generation of Christ to the world.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":44,"ref":"p44","source":"Hic autem post passionem Salvatoris anno sexagesimo octavo sub Trajano prin cipe longaevo vetustatis fessus senio, cum sibi diem transmigrationis suæ sentiret imminere, iussisse fertur sibi sepulcrum effodi, et valedicens fratribus, oravit: facta oratone, videns tumulum iuravit Unde accidit ut quidam asserant vivere, nec mor tuum eum in sepu.cro, sed dormientem jacere con. tendant, maxime pro eo quod illic terra sensim ab mo scaturiat, et ad supereficiem sepulcri conscendat; et quasi flatum quiescentis deorsum ad superiora ebulliat. Sed hanc contentionem et anstimationem ex Christianis cordibus vir Spiritu sancto plenus Leo papa et apostolicus indubitanter abstraxit quia Joannes apostolus in suo sepulcro nec vivus jacet, nec mortuus; disputans enim de eodem Joanne, et de resurrectione sanc torum, sic ait: Verum etiam fortasse plurimi ex eisdem beatis martyribus cum Domino resurrectionem corporaliter vel consequenter (sic) fuerint consecuti; nam sic legimus in prima resurrectionis festivitate, suscitante se Domino, multa sanctorum corpora suscitata vixisse, et in sanctam civitatem introisse. Sed fortasse aliquis dicct: Sepulcra clausa sunt monumenta constructa: quemadmodum procedere exinde potuerunt?","english":"But he, after the passion of the Savior, in the sixty-eighth year under the emperor Trajan, weary with the long old age of advanced years, when he felt that the day of his departure was at hand, is said to have ordered a tomb to be dug for himself, and bidding farewell to the brethren, he prayed; when the prayer was finished, seeing the tomb, he swore. Whence it happens that some assert that he lives, and contend that he lies in the tomb not dead but sleeping, especially because the earth there gradually bubbles up from within and rises to the surface of the tomb, and as it were the breath of one resting bubbles up from below to above. But this contention and opinion the man full of the Holy Spirit, Pope and apostolic Leo, undoubtedly drew out from Christian hearts, because the apostle John lies in his tomb neither alive nor dead; for disputing about this same John and about the resurrection of the saints, he speaks thus: But perhaps even very many of these same blessed martyrs have obtained the resurrection bodily with the Lord, or consequently. For so we read that at the first feast of the resurrection, when the Lord rose, many bodies of the saints that had been raised lived and entered into the holy city. But perhaps someone will say: The tombs are closed, the monuments built; how could they have come out from there?","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":45,"ref":"p45","source":"Ut taceamus quia omnia possibilia sunt Deo, et quod clausis tumuli penetralibus possit spirituale corpus educere, ut hæc omnia prætermittam, apostoli habemus exemplum, quem tumulus susceptum claudere potuit, custodire non potuit, nam depositum corpus perdidit quod assumpsit. IIic enin' tumuli foribus gratia resurrectionis ablatus est, ut staret sepultura, nec inveniretur Sepultus. Denique sacerdotes cum honorandi causa corpus inquirerent, reserato aditu, tumulus non potuit reddere quem suscepit. Ejusdem naque Joannis natale in Epheso VI Kal. Januar. colitur. Alii dormitionem ejus VIII Kal. Julii dicunt, quando nativitas Joannis Baptistae celebratur.\n\nTHOMAS, qui interpretatur abyssus, et alio nomine Didymus, hoc est, Christi similis, vultu enim carnali simillimus factus est Salvatori; unde et Judas Judæis dixit, tradens magistrum suum: Quemcunque osculatus fuero, ipse est, tenete eum. Cui Dominus dignatus est post resurrectionem suam vulnera passionis suæ ostendere, quia affirmantibus ei apostolis Christum resurrexisse, noluit credere dicens: Nisi videro in manibus ejus fixuram clavorum et mittam manum meam in latus ejus, non credam. Veniens iterum Jesus, jannis clausis, ad discipulos suos, inventus est tunc Thomas inter eos; deinde Jesus dicit Thomæ: Defer digitum tuum huc, et mitte in loca clavorum, et in latus meum mitte munum tuam, et noli p.rdere fidem tuam.","english":"To pass over the fact that all things are possible to God, and that He can bring forth a spiritual body even through the closed inner chambers of a tomb—to set all this aside, we have the example of the apostle, whom the tomb could enclose once received but could not keep guard over; for the body that was laid to rest was lost to the tomb that received it. For he was taken away from the very doors of the tomb by the grace of the resurrection, so that the burial place stood empty, and the buried one was not found. At last, when the priests, for the sake of honoring him, sought the body and opened the entrance, the tomb could not give back him whom it had received. And his nativity is celebrated at Ephesus on the sixth day before the Kalends of January. Others say his dormition is on the eighth day before the Kalends of July, when the nativity of John the Baptist is celebrated.\n\nThomas, which is interpreted “abyss,” and by another name Didymus, that is, “like Christ”—for in bodily appearance he was made most like the Savior; whence also Judas said to the Jews, when betraying his master: “Whomever I shall kiss, he it is; hold him.” To him the Lord deigned after His resurrection to show the wounds of His passion, because when the apostles affirmed to him that Christ had risen, he refused to believe, saying: “Unless I see in His hands the mark of the nails and put my hand into His side, I will not believe.” Jesus coming again, with the doors closed, to His disciples, Thomas was then found among them; then Jesus says to Thomas: “Bring your finger here, and put it into the place of the nails, and put your hand into My side, and do not lose your faith.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":46,"ref":"p46","source":"Tunc Thomas timuit, et credidit, et Dominum Deum suum agnovit dicens: Dominus meus, et Deus meus. Multa itaque mirabilia per hunc apostolum Indiæ partibus fecit, quæ vobisnunc nun. tiare longum esi, volentibus ea tamen scire in sua passione mirabiliter possunt invenire (sic). Unum tamen a miraculis ejus, ne videar totum præteriisse, conabor breviter enarrare. Fuit Tlunas aliquando in regis Indiæ convivio, ubi omnes habebant quod universi edere et. bibere volebant; ille vcro manducare et tu bere noluit, sed oculos cordis ct corporis ad coelum erexit; et hoc pincerna ngis vidit, ad apostolum tratus venit, et alapam ei in faciem dedit, et ait: Quare non manducas, et bibis. ae epulis, et V, no in convivio regia? Tunc Thomas, Hebraice respondens, dixit ei: De hoc convivio non excedam, donce canis niger dexteram tuam deponat in mediu. Hos sermones nemo in convivio intellexit, nisi una puella Hebræa, quæ cum cithara convivis citharizavit. Factum est ut humo Dei dixit: pincerna foris aquam adducere perrexit, leo in via obvravit, qui eum usque ad mortem strangulavit, et omnia ossa ejus minutatim confregit. Calles ex palatio regis ad cadaver convemunt, maledicti membra inter se dividunt.","english":"Then Thomas was afraid, and believed, and acknowledged the Lord his God, saying: My Lord, and my God. And many wonders did he perform through this apostle in the regions of India, which it would be long to declare to you now; yet those who wish to know them can find them wondrously in his passion. Nevertheless, one of his miracles, lest I seem to have passed over the whole, I shall endeavor briefly to relate. Thomas was once at a banquet of the king of India, where all had whatever all wished to eat and drink; but he would not eat or drink, but raised the eyes of his heart and body to heaven; and the king's cupbearer saw this, and came in anger to the apostle, and struck him on the face with the palm of his hand, and said: Why do you not eat and drink of the feast, and not be at the king's banquet? Then Thomas, answering in Hebrew, said to him: From this banquet I shall not depart until a black dog places your right hand in the midst. These words no one at the banquet understood, except one Hebrew girl, who played the lyre for the guests. It came to pass, as the man of God said: the cupbearer went out to bring water, a lion met him on the way, which strangled him to death, and broke all his bones piece by piece. The dogs from the king's palace run together to the corpse, and divide the limbs of the accursed man among themselves.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":47,"ref":"p47","source":"E quibus canis unus mger pincernæ dexteram adduxit in medio convivio, sicut prædixerat Dei homo Thomas; ut hoc puella Hebraico vidit, ad apostolum cum cithara modulans venit, et coram eo cithiaræ carmina sonans stetit, et repleta fide, et charitatis Dei ardore, spirituale carMen cithara coepit cautane, et omnipotentem universorum Deum mirabiliter laudare, dicens: Unus Deus Hebræorum, qui creavit omnia, ipse fecit cælum et terram, et fundavit maria. Ut hoc iterum jussu apostoli decantavit, ad pedes ejus cum magna fide inclinavit, et Salvatorem omnium devota Christum credidit. Cuncti populi, ut hæc viderunt, et audierunt, valde admirati suut, et timucrunt, et multi ex eis Christo crediderunt. Hic itaque Thomas Parthis et Medis prædicavit, et intimam orientalem plagam, ibique Evangelium evangelizavit, et martyrium sustulit. Lancea coi,,, ibi transfixus, occubuit i Calaminica Indiæ civitate, et xn Kalend. Jan. ibi sepultus est in honore.","english":"From these, one dog brought the right hand of the cupbearer into the middle of the banquet, just as the man of God Thomas had foretold; so that when the Hebrew girl saw this, she came to the apostle playing on a lyre, and stood before him sounding the songs of the lyre, and filled with faith and with the ardor of God's love, she began to sing a spiritual song on the lyre, and wondrously to praise the almighty God of all things, saying: One God of the Hebrews, who created all things, he himself made heaven and earth, and founded the seas. When she had sung this a second time at the apostle's command, she bowed at his feet with great faith, and devoutly believed in Christ, the Savior of all. All the peoples, when they saw and heard these things, were greatly amazed and feared, and many of them believed in Christ. And so this Thomas preached to the Parthians and Medes, and to the farthest eastern region, and there he evangelized the Gospel, and suffered martyrdom. Pierced there by a lance, he died in the Indian city of Calaminica, and was buried there with honor on the twenty-third day before the Kalends of January.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":48,"ref":"p48","source":"PHILIPPUS, qui interpretatur os lampadis, a Bethsaida civitate Andreæ et Petri ortus, cujus memoria legitur in Acubus apostolorum; hic fuit unus ex VII diaconis, qui cum sancto Stephano ab apostolis ordinati sunt, et eorum nomina hæc sunt: Stephanus, Philippus, Procorus, et Nicanor, Timotheus, et Parmenas, et Nicolaus advena Antiochenus. Hic vera Philippus conjugem habuit, et quatuor filias prophetissas ex ea genuit, et postea apostolus Domnini fuit. Samariam perrexit virtute Domini repletus; ibi primus verbum Domini Samaritanis prædicavit, iu quo crat tanta virtus divinæ gratiae, ut etiam Simonem Magum praedicatione consternaret, qui per idcm tempus celebris famre apud Samariæ populos habebatur, ita ut virtus Dei rnagna esse putaretur. Sed is cum vidisset signa et miracula quæ a Phil ppo per divinæ gratiæ potestatem ficbant, obstupet ctus et territus cessit, et credere se in Christum, usque quo etiam baptismum accepit, simulavit. Deinde Philippus Gallis prædicavit Christum, postea in Hierapoli Phrygiæ provinciæ, ubi crucifixus, et lapidatus obiit, ubique cum filiabus suis quiescit. Cujus natali tium Kalend. Maii, celebratur,","english":"PHILIP, whose name is interpreted as \"mouth of the lamp,\" born in the city of Bethsaida of Andrew and Peter, whose memory is read in the Acts of the Apostles; he was one of the seven deacons who were ordained by the apostles together with Saint Stephen, and their names are these: Stephen, Philip, Prochorus, and Nicanor, Timotheus, and Parmenas, and Nicolaus a proselyte of Antioch. This Philip had a wife, and from her he begot four daughters who were prophetesses, and afterward he was an apostle of the Lord. He journeyed to Samaria filled with the power of the Lord; there he first preached the word of the Lord to the Samaritans, in whom there was such power of divine grace that he even struck Simon Magus with consternation by his preaching, who at that same time was held in celebrated fame among the peoples of Samaria, so that he was thought to be a great power of God. But when he had seen the signs and miracles that were being done by Philip through the power of divine grace, he was astonished and terrified and gave way, and pretended to believe in Christ, until he even received baptism. Then Philip preached Christ to the Gauls, afterward in Hierapolis of the province of Phrygia, where he died crucified and stoned, and he rests everywhere with his daughters. His birthday is celebrated on the Kalends of May.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":49,"ref":"p49","source":"JACOBUS, qui interpretatur supplantator, filius Joseph Cleophæ, cujus memoria in Evangelio legitur. Hic Jacobus frater Thaddæi apostoli legitur, qui Thaddæus alio nomine Judas dicitur, et ambo fratres dicuntur Christi. Idem ipse Jacobus Jerosolymorum primus episcopus fuit; qui cognominatus est Justus ct apostolorum episcopus. Multi fuerunt Jacobi, sed i lem Jacohus Alphæi qui, ut praediximus, cognominatus est Justus, alios præcellit Jacobos, quia ex utero matris suæ semper sanctus fnil: vinum ct siceram non bibit, et carnem non manducavit; ferrum in caput ejus nunquam ascendit, oleo non fuit unctus, balnco non fuit totus, neque laneo indutus, sed tantum sindonc linea vestitu Huic soli licebat introire Sancta sanctorum, solus ingrediebatur templum, et ita jacebat super genua sua orans pro populi indufgentia, ut orando callos faceret in genibus ad modum cameli, semper genua nectendo, neque unquam ab oratione cessando. Itaque pro incredibili hac continentia, et summa justitia appellatus esl Justus, et Oblias, quod interpretatur munimentum populi. Hic dum in Jerusalem Christum Dei Filium prædicaret, de pinna templi dejectus, et fullonis vecte in caput percussus a Judæis lapidibus opprimitur, ibique juxta templum humatur, cujus natalitium et ordinatio vi Kal. Jan. creditur.","english":"JAMES, which is interpreted as \"supplanter,\" the son of Joseph Cleophas, whose memory is read in the Gospel. This James is read to be the brother of the apostle Thaddaeus, who is called Judas by another name, and both are said to be brothers of Christ. This same James was the first bishop of Jerusalem, who was surnamed the Just and bishop of the apostles. There were many Jameses, but this James of Alphaeus, who, as we said before, was surnamed the Just, surpasses the other Jameses, because he was always holy from his mother's womb: he did not drink wine or strong drink, and he did not eat meat; iron never came upon his head, he was not anointed with oil, he was not washed in a bath, nor was he clothed in wool, but only in linen cloth of fine linen. To him alone it was permitted to enter the Holy of Holies; he alone entered the temple, and he lay so upon his knees praying for the people's forgiveness that by praying he made calluses on his knees like a camel's, always bending his knees and never ceasing from prayer. Therefore, on account of this incredible continence and his supreme righteousness, he was called the Just, and Oblias, which is interpreted as \"bulwark of the people.\" While he was preaching Christ the Son of God in Jerusalem, he was thrown down from the pinnacle of the temple, and struck on the head with a fuller's club, and crushed with stones by the Jews, and there he is buried next to the temple; his birthday and ordination are believed to be on the fifth day before the Kalends of January.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":50,"ref":"p50","source":"BARTHOLOMÆUS apostolus, qui nomen ex Syra lingua suscepit, ct interpretatur filius suspendentis aquas. Hic forma bene factus, facie et oculis decurus, veste præclara, et gemmis, nec per hoc elatus, nec superbus cui potestatem talem super dæmones dedit Dominus, quia, quatido volebat, dæmones in simulacris tacebam, et quando volebat, dæmones de simulacris nolentes turpitudines et Iniserias suas demonstrabant, et prædicabant. Contigit amem aliquando ut Bartholomæus tale miraculum ostenderet in populo, quando populum ante simulacrum stare præcepit, ct in virtute Dei dæmonem a simulacro jussit exire, et in sua magna miseria et deformitate se populo ostendere, et praedicare. Tunc niiser invitus, cum gemitu et ululatu exorsus est dicere: O stulti, videte qualem Deum me infelicem coluistis! O insensati, considerate me miserum, et efformam, atque omnibus modis despectum, quem vos adjutorem rogastis. O seducti, conspicite qualem dominum stultissimo el cœco corde credidistis. O decepti, intendite, quia non sum Deus, sed dæmon miserrimus, in superbia deceptus, et de cœlo lapsus; fui aliquando angelus in gloria, modo factus sum diabolus in Dei ira. Perdidi gloriam, et angelicam vitam in cœlo, et inveni pœnas infinitas, et innumerabiles in inferno, et sic prdidi gloriam meam, ut nullo modo possim invenire veniam, aut DNi gratiam, quia non habeo carnem, nec pœnitentiæ materiam.","english":"BARTHOLOMEW the apostle, who received his name from the Syriac tongue, and it is interpreted as \"son of the one suspending the waters.\" He was well-formed in appearance, comely in face and eyes, distinguished in clothing and jewels, yet neither puffed up nor proud by this, to whom the Lord gave such power over demons that, whenever he wished, the demons fell silent in the idols, and when he wished, the demons against their will displayed their shameful deeds and miseries from the idols, and proclaimed them. It happened, moreover, at some time that Bartholomew showed such a miracle among the people, when he commanded the people to stand before an idol, and by the power of God ordered the demon to come out of the idol, and to show himself to the people in his great misery and deformity, and to preach. Then the wretched one, unwilling, with groaning and wailing began to say: O foolish ones, see what kind of god you have worshiped, wretched me! O senseless ones, consider me, miserable and shapeless, and in every way despised, whom you asked to be your helper. O deceived ones, behold what kind of lord you believed in with a most foolish and blind heart. O deluded ones, understand that I am not God, but a most wretched demon, deceived in pride, and fallen from heaven; I was once an angel in glory, now I have been made a devil in the wrath of God. I have lost the glory and the angelic life in heaven, and I have found infinite and innumerable punishments in hell, and thus I have lost my glory, that in no way can I find pardon, or the grace of the Lord, because I have neither flesh nor the material of repentance.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":51,"ref":"p51","source":"Nam si ego miser potuissem haiere unum digitum cum ungula de hominis carne, potuissem (ne ) a mea miseria et crudelitate redimere. Vos insensati cum omnibus creati, et ad duas Dei imagines facti, quid vos ipsos seducitis et perditis? quid a creature erratis, cum ipse vobis dedit pedes ad stanqum et ambulandum, manus ad palpandum ct laborandum, oculo. ad videndum et cognoscendum, aures ad audiendum, linquam ad loquendum, et Deum laudandum, cor ad credendum, et intelligendum? Tunc apostolus ei respondit: Quomodo tu miser cum uno hominis digito ungulato le de tua calamitate potuisses redimere? Cui cum ululatu iterum respondit: Cum uno illo digilo et ungula uni mundassem nares, alteri aures, tercio oculos, et omnibus membra, ut voluissent, scalpassem, et hæc sedulo fecissem. unus nihil forsitan dixisset: Deus te benedicat; alius: Deus te adjuvet; tertius; Deus te de malo no liberet, et in his multis et magnis benedictionibus lassus liber venissem. Et cum hæc omnia Dei jussione, et sine sua voluntate dixisset, luiser ab oculis omnium evanuit. Tunc omnis populus, uL hæc vidit et aadivit. valde limuit miratus; et derelinquens vanum (cultum) idolorum, credidit, et benedixit omnipotentem Dcum. Hic itaque Bartholomæus Lycaoniam prædicavit. Ad ultimum in Albano majore Armeniæ urbis vivens a Barbaris decoriatus, atque per jussum regis Astragis decoHatus, sicquc terrae conditus IX Kalend.","english":"For if I, a wretch, could have touched one finger with a nail of a man's flesh, I could have redeemed myself from my misery and cruelty. You senseless ones, created together with all things and made in the two images of God, why do you seduce and destroy yourselves? Why do you wander from the Creator, when he himself gave you feet for standing and walking, hands for touching and working, eyes for seeing and knowing, ears for hearing, a tongue for speaking and praising God, a heart for believing and understanding? Then the apostle answered him: How could you, a wretch, with one man's finger with a nail, have redeemed yourself from your calamity? To whom he again answered with a howl: With that one finger and nail I would have cleansed the nostrils of one, the ears of another, the eyes of a third, and the limbs of all, as they wished, I would have scraped, and I would have done this diligently. One perhaps would have said nothing; another: God bless you; a third: God help you; God deliver you from evil; and in these many and great blessings, weary, I would have come free. And when he had said all these things by God's command and without his own will, he vanished from the eyes of all. Then all the people, when they saw and heard these things, greatly marveled; and abandoning the vain worship of idols, they believed and blessed almighty God. So this Bartholomew preached in Lycaonia. At last, living in Albanum, the greater city of Armenia, he was flayed by barbarians, and by the command of king Astrages was flayed, and thus buried in the earth on the ninth day before the Kalends.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":52,"ref":"p52","source":"Septembr.\n\nMATTHÆUS apostolus et evangelista a Matthea civitate nomen accepit, et intepretatur donatus, primo publicanus, postea Domini discipulus. In teloneo sedebat, thesauros regebat, pubLice peccabat, intus obscuratus, saeculi cura cxcatus. Aliquando, Deo vo ente, vidit solem justitiæ, audivit aure cordis verba veritatis; secutus est solem, quem vidit, veritatein, quain audivit, credidit et adoravit: relinquens teloneum, secutus cst omnium Domimim; relinquens thesaurum periturum, secutus est regem semper mansurum; relinquens mendacium et vanitatem, secutus cst viam et veritatem; reliquens mortem et. mundum, secutus est vitam et regnum; obliviscens stultiloquium, scribit et prædicat Evangelium. Qui tribus nominibus fu nominatus, id est, Matthæus, Levi, Publicanus. Matthæus de civitate sua Matthea, ut ante diximus, nominatus; Levi de tribu Levi, unde fuit ortus; inde cognominatus Publicanus, quia publica servabat. Matthæus interpre tatur donatus; Levi minister; publicanus, quia public e peccat. Primum quidem in Judæa in tempure Cai regis Romæ Evangelium conscripsit, et prædicavit, et postea in Macedonia, et xi Kalend. Octobr. pasSis in Persida, in montibus Portorum requiescit in gloria.","english":"September.\n\nMatthew the apostle and evangelist took his name from the city of Matthea, and it is interpreted as \"given,\" first a tax collector, afterward a disciple of the Lord. He sat at the tax booth, managed treasures, sinned publicly, was darkened within, blinded by the care of the world. At length, God willing, he saw the sun of justice, he heard with the ear of the heart the words of truth; he followed the sun that he saw, he believed and adored the truth that he heard: leaving the tax booth, he followed the Lord of all; leaving the treasure that perishes, he followed the king who ever endures; leaving falsehood and vanity, he followed the way and the truth; leaving death and the world, he followed life and the kingdom; forgetting foolish speech, he writes and preaches the Gospel. He was named by three names, that is, Matthew, Levi, Publicanus. Matthew, from his city of Matthea, as we said before; Levi, from the tribe of Levi, from which he sprang; thence he was surnamed Publicanus, because he kept the public accounts. Matthew is interpreted as \"given\"; Levi, \"minister\"; publicanus, because he sinned publicly. First indeed in Judea, in the time of Caius king of Rome, he wrote and preached the Gospel, and afterward in Macedonia, and on the eleventh day before the Kalends of October, having suffered in Persia, he rests in glory on the mountains of Portorum.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":53,"ref":"p53","source":"SIMON ZELOTES, qui interpretatur zelus. Hic primus dictus est Cananæus a vico Cana, quod interpretatur possidens, qui et Simon terno nomine appellatus est, zelo Dei fervens. Par Petri in coguomento, ct similis in honore. Apostolus Domini, et consobrinus, Cleophæ et Mariæ filius, quæ Maria Cleophæ in Evangelio dicitur, Cleophas pater ejus, et Joseph, qui quasi pater dicitur, Christi fratres fuerunt, et mater ejus, quæ Maria Cleophæ dicitur, soror Mariæ matris Domini fuit. Ita et miro modo duo fratres duas sorores habuerunt uxores. Sed Cleophas carnaliter, Joseph vero spiritualiter. Hic itaque Simon accepit in prædicatione Ægypti prin. cipatum, et post Jacobum Justum cathedram dicitur tenuisse Jerosolymorum, et post annos CXX meruit sub Adriano imperatore per crucem sustinere martyrium passionis. Jacet in Posphoro, cujus natale v Kalend. novembr.","english":"SIMON THE ZEALOT, whose name is interpreted as \"zeal.\" He was first called the Cananaean from the village of Cana, which is interpreted as \"possessing,\" and he was also called Simon by a threefold name, burning with zeal for God. Equal to Peter in his surname, and similar in honor. An apostle of the Lord, and a cousin, the son of Cleophas and Mary, who is called Mary of Cleophas in the Gospel; Cleophas was his father, and Joseph, who is spoken of as though a father, were brothers of Christ, and his mother, who is called Mary of Cleophas, was the sister of Mary the mother of the Lord. Thus in a wondrous manner two brothers had two sisters as wives. But Cleophas carnally, Joseph truly spiritually. So then this Simon received the chief place in the preaching of Egypt, and after James the Just he is said to have held the chair of Jerusalem, and after 120 years he merited under the emperor Hadrian to undergo the martyrdom of passion through the cross. He lies in Posphorus, whose feast day is the fifth of the Kalends of November.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":54,"ref":"p54","source":"JUDAS LEBRÆUS, id est, corculus, hoc est, a corde, ipse est et Thadæus, ipse est Jutlas Jacobi, filii Josephi fratris Cleophe, et interpretatur confessor, in Mesopotamia, atque interioribus Ponti prædicavit. Sepultus est in Crito Armeniæ urbe, cujus festivitas vi Kalend. Novembris celebratur.\n\nMATTHIAS, vel MATTHIAN, de septuaginta discipulis unus fuit, et pro Juda Iscarioth III roter apostolos subrogatus. Electus sorte, et solus sine cognomento, coi datur Evangelii prædicatio in Judæa.\n\nAPOSTOLI sancti hi fuerunt Christi discipuli, lumiuaria mundi, lapides pretiosi, Salvatoris amici, prædicatores fidei, paranymphi sponsi, principes mundi, claviculares regni, sal terrae, palmites in vera vite, seminatores justitiæ, messores in patrisfamilias segete, veritatis amatores, gentium doctores, dæmonum et tyrannorum superatores, paradisi exploratores, ovium Christi boni pastores, in magno juditio Judæorum judices sedentes cum judiee super XII sedes. Qui dum omnes unum sint, singuli tamen eorum propriis certisque locis in mundo ad prædicandum sortes proprias acceperunt. Petrus vero Romam, Paulus a Jerusalem usque ad Illyricum, Andreas Achaiam, Jacobus Zebedæi Hispaniam, Joannes frater ejus Asiam, Thomas Indiam, Jacobus frater Jud;e Jerusalem, Matthæus Macedoniam, Philippus Gallias, Bartholomæus Lycaoniam, Simon Zelotes Ægyptum, Judas Mesopotamiam, Matthias Judæam.","english":"JUDAS THE HEBREW, that is, \"little heart,\" meaning \"from the heart\"—he is also Thaddaeus, he is Judas of James, son of Joseph the brother of Cleophas, and his name is interpreted as \"confessor.\" He preached in Mesopotamia and in the inner regions of Pontus. He was buried in the Armenian city of Crito, whose feast is celebrated on the sixth day before the Kalends of November.\n\nMATTHIAS, or Matthian, was one of the seventy disciples, and was substituted in place of Judas Iscariot as the twelfth apostle. Chosen by lot, and alone without a surname, the preaching of the Gospel in Judaea is assigned to him.\n\nThese holy apostles were disciples of Christ, lights of the world, precious stones, friends of the Savior, preachers of the faith, paranymphs of the bridegroom, princes of the world, key-bearers of the kingdom, salt of the earth, branches on the true vine, sowers of righteousness, reapers in the householder's harvest, lovers of truth, teachers of the nations, conquerors of demons and tyrants, scouts of paradise, good shepherds of Christ's sheep, who in the great judgment shall sit as judges of the Jews with the judge upon twelve seats. And though they are all one, each of them nevertheless received his own allotted places in the world for preaching. Peter indeed received Rome, Paul from Jerusalem as far as Illyricum, Andrew Achaia, James the son of Zebedee Spain, John his brother Asia, Thomas India, James the brother of the Lord Jerusalem, Matthew Macedonia, Philip the Gauls, Bartholomew Lycaonia, Simon the Zealot Egypt, Judas Mesopotamia, Matthias Judaea.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":55,"ref":"p55","source":"DE: APOSTOLIS, qui sine dubio uxores habuerunt, audivi sanctum Clementem ita dicentem, qui eorum comes et cornu. discipulus fuir, et tertius a Petro apa in Roma exstitit; sic enim ait: Petrus vero uc Philippus et uxores habuerunt, et eas etiam vitis nuptas dederunt; sed et Paulum apostolum non lædet in quadam Epistola sua mentionem et salutationem facere comparis suæ, quam se ideo tamen negat circumducere, ut ad prædicationem Evangelii expeditior fiat. Sic et de Petro dicitur. Aiunt, inquit, beatum Petrum, cum vidisset uxorem suam duci ad passionem suam, gavisum esse electionis gratiam ac regressionis ad propriam domum, et exclamasse post eam, cum duceretur, ac proprio nomine appellantem dixisse: O conjux, mementc Domini. Talia sanctorum conjugia, tam perfecta fuit affectio beatorum.\n\nMARCUS, qui interpretatur excelsus, evangelista Dei et Petri in baptismate filius, atque in divino sermone discipulus. Sacerdotium in Israet agens, secundum carnem Levita. Conversus ad fidem Christi, Evangelium in Italia scribit in temporeClaudii Cæsaris. Qui post fidem pollicem dicitur amputasse, ut sacerdotio reprobus haberetur, sed secundum dispensationem Dei ei fidei ejus meritam, et vitan, postea episcopus factus est.","english":"CONCERNING THE APOSTLES, who undoubtedly had wives, I have heard Saint Clement speaking thus—he who was their companion and fellow disciple, and stood third after Peter as bishop in Rome; for he says: Peter and Philip and [Paul] had wives, and they even gave them in marriage to holy women; but neither does it harm the apostle Paul to make mention and salutation of his partner in a certain Epistle, whom he nevertheless denies he leads about for this reason, that he may be more unencumbered for the preaching of the Gospel. So also it is said of Peter. They say, he says, that blessed Peter, when he had seen his wife being led to her passion, rejoiced at the grace of election and of her return to her own home, and cried out after her as she was being led away, calling her by her own name, and said: O wife, remember the Lord. Such were the marriages of the saints, so perfect was the affection of the blessed.\n\nMARK, which is interpreted \"exalted,\" evangelist of God and son of Peter in baptism, and disciple in the divine word. Serving the priesthood in Israel, a Levite according to the flesh. Converted to the faith of Christ, he writes the Gospel in Italy in the time of Claudius Caesar. He is said after the faith to have cut off his thumb, that he might be held unfit for the priesthood, but according to the dispensation of God, on account of the merit of his faith, he was afterwards made bishop.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":56,"ref":"p56","source":"Hunc enim Marcum tradunt primum ad Ægyptum perrexisse, atque inibi Evangelium, quod ipse conscripserat, prædicasse; quod et furtum laudabile dicitur, quia quæ Petrus verbo prædicaverat, ipse in occulto rogatus a fratribus scri. Icebat. Ipse enim primus ecclesiam apud Alexandriam construxit, et in ea civitate primus prædicator et episcopus fuit. Qui et alio nomine idem Joannes nominatus fuit. Quem alii asserunt martyrio coronatum. Hieronymus autem eum affirmat in pace Ecclesiæ migrasse ad cœlum. Cujus depositio VII Kalend. Maii celebratur.\n\nLUCAS, qui interpretatur elevans, sive consurgens, evangelista tertius, natione Syrus, Antiochensis, cujus laus in Evangelio canitur, arto scriba et medicus, apostolorum discipulus, postea Paulum usque ad confessionem ejus secutus, serviens Domnino sine crimine. Nam ueque uxorem unquam habens, neque filios; medicus corporum et animarum Duos etenim libros de spirituali medicina aniscripsit, iJ est, Evangelium in Achaix partibus tempore Pauli, quod Evangelium Paulus apostolus (ait) esse suum: ait enim secundum Evangelium meum. Alium vero librum, qui Actus apostolorum dicitur, quem sancto Theophilo episeopo Antiocheno conscripsit. LXXIV annorum obiit in Bethania plenus Spiritu sancto; qui postea Constantinopolim Constantini imporatoris anno cum rel.quiis beati apostoli Andreae translatus est; cujus deposilio xv Kal. Novemb. celebratur.","english":"For they say that this Mark first went to Egypt and there preached the Gospel that he himself had written; which is also called a praiseworthy theft, because what Peter had preached by word, he, asked in secret by the brethren, wrote down. For he himself first built the church at Alexandria, and in that city was the first preacher and bishop. He was also called by another name, John. Some assert that he was crowned with martyrdom. Jerome, however, affirms that he departed to heaven in the peace of the Church. His deposition is celebrated on the seventh day before the Kalends of May.\n\nLUKE, which is interpreted as \"raising up\" or \"rising,\" the third evangelist, by nation a Syrian of Antioch, whose praise is sung in the Gospel, a close companion of the scribe and physician, a disciple of the apostles, afterward followed Paul up to his confession, serving the Lord without fault. For he never had a wife nor sons; a physician of bodies and of souls. For he wrote two books of spiritual medicine, that is, the Gospel in the regions of Achaia in the time of Paul, which Gospel the apostle Paul says is his own: for he says, \"according to my Gospel.\" But the other book, which is called the Acts of the Apostles, he wrote to the holy Theophilus, bishop of Antioch. He died at Bethany at the age of seventy-four, full of the Holy Spirit; who afterward was translated to Constantinople with the relics of the blessed apostle Andrew in the year of the emperor Constantine; his deposition is celebrated on the fifteenth day before the Kalends of November.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":57,"ref":"p57","source":"BARNABAS, qui et Joseph, natione Cypriæ civitatis a Cyro Persarum rege conditæ, cum Paulo apostolo in gentibus apostolatum adeptus. Deinde propter Joannem discipulum, qui etiam cognomento Marcus appellatur, sejunctus a Paulo, apostolus nihilominus evangelicae prædicationis injunctum sibi opus exercuit.\n\nTIMOTHEUS, Ephesiorum episcopus, de civitate Trientium patre Graeco, id est, ethnico, matre autem Judæa, id est, Eunice, ut refert Paulus apostulus, dicens; Quia habitavit fides in ovia tua Loide, et maIre tua Eunice, certum est autem quod et in te. Ilic autem discipulos fuit Pauli apostoli, ejusque filius spiritualis, quem puerum proprie secum idem Paulus apostolus assumpsit; qui pudicus et virgo permansit, quique apud Ephesum in monte qui vocatur Pion, cum magno quiescit littore.\n\nTITUS Pauli apostoli discipulus et in baptismo filius, natione Graecus, et ex gentibus solus a Paulo apostolo post Evangelium circumcisus; quem ad exstruendas Cretæ ecclesias praefatus reliquit apostolus, ibique in pace defunctus, atque sepultus quicscit.","english":"BARNABAS, also called Joseph, by nationality from the city of Cyprus, which was founded by Cyrus king of the Persians, obtained the apostleship among the Gentiles together with the apostle Paul. Then, because of the disciple John, who is also called by the surname Mark, he was separated from Paul, and nonetheless as an apostle carried out the work of evangelical preaching that had been enjoined on him.\n\nTIMOTHY, bishop of the Ephesians, from the city of Lystra, with a Greek father, that is, a pagan, but a Jewish mother, that is, Eunice, as the apostle Paul reports, saying: Because faith dwelt in your grandmother Lois, and in your mother Eunice, but it is certain that it dwelt also in you. He was a disciple of the apostle Paul, and his spiritual son, whom the same apostle Paul took with him as a young man in his own company; he remained chaste and a virgin, and at Ephesus on the mountain which is called Pion, he rests in peace with a great tomb.\n\nTITUS, disciple of the apostle Paul and his son in baptism, by nationality a Greek, and the only one of the Gentiles circumcised by the apostle Paul after the Gospel; whom the aforesaid apostle left behind to build up the churches of Crete, and there, having died in peace, he rests buried.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":58,"ref":"p58","source":"STEPHANUS sanctus, gratia plenus, dignus diaconus, et post Christum martyr primus, Zacchæi nepos, et Simonis filius. Miles magnus StEphanus erat, clarus genere, et forma fulgebat; clarior tamen lide et signi, sæcurlo radiabat. Evangelium legebat, Evangelium intelligebat, Evangelium praedicabat, Evangelium implebat, populis perfecte Christum annuntiabat, Synagogas sapientia superabat, sigua magna in populo faciebat. Spiritu sancto repletus, canes latrantes adversum se vincebat, coelos apertos videbat, et Jesum stantem a dextris virtutis Dei aspiciebat. Scripturas sanctas in Jerusalem sapienter psallebat, et de Dei lege fratres hidæos diligenter docebat, duros corde et incredulos cum fiducia increpabat, charitate repletus non credentes clementer castigabai.","english":"STEPHEN, holy, full of grace, a worthy deacon, and after Christ the first martyr, the grandson of Zacchaeus and the son of Simon. Stephen was a great soldier, distinguished by birth, and he shone in appearance; yet brighter in faith and in sign, he radiated in the world. He read the Gospel, he understood the Gospel, he preached the Gospel, he fulfilled the Gospel; he proclaimed Christ perfectly to the peoples, he overcame the synagogues by his wisdom, he performed great signs among the people. Filled with the Holy Spirit, he conquered the dogs barking against him, he saw the heavens opened, and he beheld Jesus standing at the right hand of the power of God. He wisely sang the holy Scriptures in Jerusalem, and he diligently taught the Jewish brethren concerning the law of God; he rebuked the hard-hearted and unbelieving with confidence, and, filled with love, he chastised the unbelieving with mercy.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[{"kind":"scripture","severity":"info","ref":"Luke 1:28","text":"The English carries the scriptural phrase “full of grace”, which matches Luke 1:28. The match is on the English draft; check the Coptic before quoting the verse."}]},{"i":59,"ref":"p59","source":"Inimici Dei hæc videntes, dentibus iti cum stri debant; inimici Dei hæc audientes, quomodo eum interficere potuissent quærebant; phrenetici furentes, furore repleti, ut canes, contra sanctum latrabant, falsi testes mentientes clamabant, Christi militem miseri morte damnabant, duri cervice, et corde crudeles, lapides colligebant, et sanctum Stephanum trahentes foras extra civitatem lapidabant; illi lapidabant, ille orabar; illi saxorum grandines super eum jactabant, ille genua factori suo feliciter flectebat; tlli cum maledictis manibus mactabant, ille vero charitatis ardore plenus coruscabat; illi stulti Satanæ sodales in sanctum saeviebant, ille sanctus instanter Salvatori sumino psallebat; illi furore fuscati dentibns fremebant, ille vultu angelico et clara facte fulgebat; illi carnilices certatim lapides ducebant, ille veraciler veniam persecutoribus precabatur; illi crudeliter caput et corpus sancti saxis frangebant, ille Sanctum in cœlo aspiciens, alebat: Ne statuas illis hoc peccatum, Domine; illi sanguinem sancti Stephani in terram fundebant, ille sanctus Stephanus cælos apertos et Jesum stantem videbat; illi latera sancti Stephani silicibus scindebant, ille constanter Christo gratias agebat; illi furendo, irascendo, clamando currebant, ille prædicando, orando, psallendo ad Christum clamabat; illi membra maximi militis lapidibus lacerabant, ille magnus miles spiritum","english":"The enemies of God, seeing these things, gnashed their teeth; the enemies of God, hearing these things, sought how they might kill him; the frenzied raging ones, filled with fury, barked against the saint like dogs, false witnesses crying out lies, the wretched condemned the soldier of Christ to death, stiff-necked and cruel of heart, they gathered stones, and dragging Saint Stephen outside the city they stoned him; they stoned, he prayed; they hurled hailstorms of rocks upon him, he happily bent his knees to his Maker; they struck with cursed hands, but he, full of the ardor of charity, shone brightly; those foolish companions of Satan raged against the saint, that holy man earnestly sang to the Most High Savior; those darkened by fury gnashed with their teeth, he shone with an angelic countenance and a radiant face; those butchers eagerly brought stones, he truly begged forgiveness for his persecutors; those cruelly broke the head and body of the saint with rocks, he, gazing upon the Holy One in heaven, said: Do not hold this sin against them, Lord; those poured out the blood of Saint Stephen upon the earth, that holy Stephen saw the heavens opened and Jesus standing; those cut the sides of Saint Stephen with flints, he steadfastly gave thanks to Christ; those ran raging, angry, shouting, he cried out to Christ preaching, praying, singing; those tore the limbs of the great soldier with stones, that great soldier [gave up] his spirit","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":60,"ref":"p60","source":"Christo commendabat. Sanctus itaque Stephanus, positis gembus, orans, in Christo obdormivit. Sanctus Stephanus, ut prædiximus, vidit cœlos apertos, et introivit. Cujus oratio Saulum Ecclesiæ Christianum reddidit, et praecipuum, et pium Paulum prædicatorem prostravit, quia si tunc Stephanus non orasset, Ecclesia postea Paulum non habuisset. Post hæc itaque vere timorati a civitate venerunt, ct sanctum Stephanum cum magno planctu planxerunt, et cum magno honore corpus ejus sepelierunt. Ubi, praestante Domino, magna miracula et modo apparent, ei tunc apparuerunt. Cujus martyrium a mundo honoratur, et VII Kalend. Jan. semper celebratur. Cujus corpus post tempus in Non. August. ibidem quæsitum invenitur, ubi a nullis millibus Christus creditur et adoratur.","english":"He commended himself to Christ. And so Saint Stephen, having set down his knees, praying, fell asleep in Christ. Saint Stephen, as we said before, saw the heavens opened, and entered in. His prayer made Saul a Christian of the Church, and laid low the distinguished and pious Paul as a preacher, because if Stephen had not prayed then, the Church would not afterward have had Paul. After these things, therefore, truly God-fearing men came from the city, and with great lamentation they lamented Saint Stephen, and with great honor they buried his body. Where, by the Lord's providing, great miracles even now appear, they appeared then. His martyrdom is honored by the world, and is always celebrated on the seventh day before the Kalends of January. His body after a time is found sought out in that same place on the Nones of August, where Christ is believed in and adored by countless thousands.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]}]}