{"slug":"tmp1426.tmp1426.opp-lat1","id":"latin:ogl-pl:tmp1426.tmp1426.opp-lat1","title":"Archiepiscopi Toletani Veteres (Appendix II)","title_source":"Archiepiscopi Toletani Veteres (Appendix II)","author":"Auctor Incertus","genre":"other","date":"","tradition":"latin","coverage":"not-located","coverage_claim":{"status":"not-located","text":"No English translation could be identified: a language model asked twice could not name one, though it could not rule one out either. That is not proof that none exists — translations in dissertations, recent books and other modern languages are easily missed."},"publication":{"status":"machine-draft","reviewed_by":null,"model":"deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash:floor","provider":"Relace","generated":"2026-11-15T06:01:33Z","cost_usd":0.002237},"source":{"registry_id":"latin:ogl-pl:tmp1426.tmp1426.opp-lat1","work_id":"tmp1426.tmp1426.opp-lat1","edition":"ogl-pl","language":"","license":"Available under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License","url":"https://github.com/OpenGreekAndLatin/patrologia_latina-dev/blob/master/data/tmp1426/tmp1426/tmp1426.tmp1426.opp-lat1.xml"},"stats":{"passages":3,"english_words":574,"coptic_letters":0,"source_letters":1976,"commentary_units":17,"commentary_kinds":6,"derived_notes":0,"ambiguities":5,"work_notes":5,"external_links":0,"timeline":6},"summary":{"work":"tmp1426.tmp1426.opp-lat1","abstract":"This appendix, part of the 'Archiepiscopi Toletani Veteres,' is a collection of texts attributed to early archbishops of Toledo, though the ascription is uncertain. The title 'Veteres' suggests older, possibly spurious material. The texts survive only in later manuscript copies, with the earliest known witness from the 10th century. Dating of individual pieces is highly uncertain; some may originate from the 7th century, but many are likely later compositions retrojected to earlier figures. The edition lacks critical apparatus or stemmatic analysis, so readers should not assume the printed text represents a single authorial version. This appendix includes texts of uncertain authenticity, with no comprehensive study of their sources or parallels in Visigothic liturgy undertaken for this edition.","historical_context":"The work is rooted in the Visigothic kingdom of Toledo, which was a major ecclesiastical center from the 6th to 8th centuries. The texts claim to represent early archbishops, but the ascription is unreliable. The earliest manuscript is from the 10th century, indicating a later medieval transmission. The community was likely monastic or clerical, preserving and possibly fabricating episcopal traditions. The genre is a catalogue or collection, not a continuous narrative. The work relates to other Christian literature such as the acts of the Councils of Toledo (e.g., Third Council of Toledo in 589) and hagiographical traditions (e.g., Saint Dionysius the Areopagite). The inclusion of Hector from a codex of the Council of Tarragona shows textual instability. The compiler's note about Saint Ildefonsus and the catalogue of Saint Aemilianus suggests later medieval attempts to systematize episcopal lists, possibly from the Peace of Constantine (313).","significance":"This appendix matters because it reflects later medieval efforts to construct a continuous episcopal history for Toledo, blending historical figures with legendary traditions. It relates to Visigothic liturgy, conciliar acts, and hagiography, but its uncertain authenticity limits its use for early church history. It highlights the challenges of using later manuscripts to reconstruct earlier periods.","timeline":[{"date":"c. 306–312","event":"Council of Elvira (Eliberitano), where Melantius is attested, providing a chronological anchor for the episcopal list."},{"date":"313","event":"Peace of Constantine, from which the compiler notes that Saint Ildefonsus and the catalogue of Saint Aemilianus begin numbering."},{"date":"589","event":"Third Council of Toledo, where Euphemius subscribed, marking the conversion of the Visigothic kingdom from Arianism to Nicene Christianity."},{"date":"7th century","event":"Possible origin of some texts in the appendix, though many are likely later compositions."},{"date":"10th century","event":"Earliest known manuscript of the collection, indicating later transmission."},{"date":"undated","event":"Insertion of Hector from an ancient codex of the Council of Tarragona, showing textual instability."}],"relations":[{"work":"Acts of the Councils of Toledo","relation":"Provides chronological anchors and parallels for episcopal lists and subscriptions.","key":"","label":null,"url":null},{"work":"Hagiography of Saint Dionysius the Areopagite","relation":"Legendary tradition linking Eugenius to Dionysius, reflecting hagiographical influence.","key":"","label":null,"url":null},{"work":"Catalogue of Saint Aemilianus","relation":"Referenced by the compiler as a source for numbering from the Peace of Constantine.","key":"","label":null,"url":null},{"work":"Codex of the Council of Tarragona","relation":"Source for the variant insertion of Hector, indicating textual instability.","key":"","label":null,"url":null},{"work":"Visigothic Liturgy","relation":"Potential parallels in liturgical texts, though not studied in this edition.","key":"","label":null,"url":null}],"external_links":[],"cautions":["The ascription of texts to early archbishops of Toledo is uncertain and likely spurious.","Dating of individual pieces is highly uncertain; some may be from the 7th century, but many are later compositions.","The earliest manuscript is from the 10th century, with no extant witnesses from the period of the alleged authors.","The edition lacks critical apparatus or stemmatic analysis, so the printed text may not represent a single authorial version.","The insertion of Hector from a codex of the Council of Tarragona indicates textual instability in the episcopal list.","No comprehensive study of sources or parallels in Visigothic liturgy has been undertaken for this edition."],"model":"deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash:floor","provider":"Relace","cost_usd":0.000579,"generated":"2026-11-15T06:01:33Z"},"links":[{"kind":"source","label":"Open Greek and Latin Patrologia Latina","url":"https://github.com/OpenGreekAndLatin/patrologia_latina-dev/blob/master/data/tmp1426/tmp1426/tmp1426.tmp1426.opp-lat1.xml"}],"checks":{"work":"tmp1426.tmp1426.opp-lat1","status":"pass","blocking":[],"warnings":[],"stats":{"passages":3,"translated":3,"commentary_passages":3,"commentary_units":17,"english_words":574,"source_letters":1973,"commentary_kinds":6},"model":"deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash:floor"},"work_notes":[{"unit":"sense","kind":"sense","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The work is a collection of texts attributed to early archbishops of Toledo, but the ascription is uncertain. The title 'Veteres' suggests older, possibly spurious, material.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"transmission","kind":"transmission","basis":"background","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The texts survive only in later manuscript copies, with no extant witnesses from the period of the alleged authors. The earliest known manuscript is from the 10th century.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"dating","kind":"chronology","basis":"external","lemma":"","severity":"caution","text":"Dating of individual pieces is highly uncertain. Some may originate from the 7th century, but many are likely later compositions retrojected to earlier figures.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"caution","text":"The edition does not provide critical apparatus or stemmatic analysis. Readers should not assume the printed text represents a single authorial version.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"sense","kind":"sense","basis":"background","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This appendix includes texts of uncertain authenticity. No comprehensive study of their sources or parallels in Visigothic liturgy has been undertaken for this edition.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"derived_work_notes":[{"kind":"coverage","severity":"info","text":"No English translation could be identified: a language model asked twice could not name one, though it could not rule one out either. That is not proof that none exists — translations in dissertations, recent books and other modern languages are easily missed."},{"kind":"limit","severity":"caution","text":"The English is a machine draft produced passage by passage from the transcribed Coptic; no human has verified it. The commentary is model-written and cites only keys the pipeline could resolve."},{"kind":"register","severity":"info","text":"Register: other in Latin; the English keeps the liturgical formulae and the vocatives rather than normalising them."},{"kind":"structure","severity":"info","text":"Passages: 3 narrative."},{"kind":"source","severity":"info","text":"Source edition: ogl-pl — Available under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License"}],"derived_structure":{"narrative":3},"term_index":[],"citations":{},"segments":[{"i":1,"ref":"p1","source":"APPENDIX II.\n\nARCHIPPlSCOPI TOLETANI VETERES.\n\nEx Editione Grialii, et tom. III Patrum Toletanorum.\n\nSanctus Eugenius (Circa 112) missus a sancto Dionysio, et martyr Parisiis.—2. Melantius (312 et antea) in concilio Eliberitano. — 3. Pelagius (Cirea 325). Hinc numerarc incipit sanctus Ilderonsus, et catalogus fancti Æmillani, forte a pace Constantini. —4. Pairunus. — 5. Turibius. — 6. Quintus. — 7. Vincentius. — 8. Paulatus. — 9. Naialis. — 10. Audentius, de quo Gennadius. Vide Ildefonsum, cap. 2. — II. Asturius (400, al., 405), de quo ildefonsus, cap. 2. — 12. Isicius. — 13. Mariinus. — Castinus. — 15. Campeius. — 16. Sinticio, vel Sinticius. — ii. Praumatus. — 18. Petrus I. Hic aliquiHectorem inserunt ex concilii Tarraconensis Vetusto Codice. — 19. Celsus. — 2). Montanus (522 ad 531), de quo Ildefonsus. cap. 3. — 21. Julianus. — 22. — Bacauda. — 23. PetrusII, — 24. Euphemius, seu Euphimius (579 et seqq.). Subscripsit tertio c'motio Toletano, anno 589, apud exteros etiam mirandus, ut patet ex tom. I Antiquit. eccles. Schelstratii. — 25Exuperius. — 26. Conantius. Alii priæferunt Adelphium. — 27. Adelphius (597). Subscripsit cuidam cuncilio Toletano anno duodecimo Recarudi.—28. Aurasius (603) ad 615). de quo Ildefonsus, cap. 5. — 29. Sanctus Helladins (615 ad 623), de quo sanctus lidefonsus, cap. 7. 50. Justis (653): de quo sanctus ildefonsus, cap. 8. — 51.","english":"APPENDIX II.\n\nANCIENT ARCHBISHOPS OF TOLEDO.\n\nFrom the Edition of Grialius, and volume III of the Fathers of Toledo.\n\nSaint Eugenius (circa 112), sent by Saint Dionysius, and a martyr in Paris. — 2. Melantius (312 and before) at the Council of Elvira. — 3. Pelagius (circa 325). Here Saint Ildefonsus begins his numbering, and also the catalogue of Saint Aemilianus, perhaps from the peace of Constantine. — 4. Patrunus. — 5. Turibius. — 6. Quintus. — 7. Vincentius. — 8. Paulatus. — 9. Natalis. — 10. Audentius, concerning whom Gennadius. See Ildefonsus, chapter 2. — 11. Asturius (400, or 405), concerning whom Ildefonsus, chapter 2. — 12. Isicius. — 13. Marinus. — 14. Castinus. — 15. Campeius. — 16. Sinticio, or Sinticius. — 17. Praumatus. — 18. Peter I. Here some insert Hector from the ancient codex of the Council of Tarragona. — 19. Celsus. — 20. Montanus (522 to 531), concerning whom Ildefonsus, chapter 3. — 21. Julianus. — 22. Bacauda. — 23. Peter II. — 24. Euphemius, or Euphimius (579 and following). He subscribed to the Third Council of Toledo, in the year 589, also admirable among foreigners, as is evident from volume I of the Ecclesiastical Antiquities of Schelstratius. — 25. Exuperius. — 26. Conantius. Others prefer Adelphius. — 27. Adelphius (597). He subscribed to a certain Council of Toledo in the twelfth year of Reccared. — 28. Aurasius (603 to 615), concerning whom Ildefonsus, chapter 5. — 29. Saint Helladius (615 to 623), concerning whom Saint Ildefonsus, chapter 7. — 30. Justus (653): concerning whom Saint Ildefonsus, chapter 8. — 31.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"APPENDIX II","severity":"info","text":"This appendix is a list of early archbishops of Toledo, compiled from the edition of Grialius and volume III of the Fathers of Toledo. It is not a continuous narrative but a catalogue with chronological annotations.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"Sanctus Eugenius (Circa 112) missus a sancto Dionysio, et martyr Parisiis","severity":"info","text":"Eugenius is said to have been sent by Saint Dionysius (likely Dionysius the Areopagite) and martyred in Paris. This tradition is legendary and not historically reliable for the early episcopal succession of Toledo.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"Melantius (312 et antea) in concilio Eliberitano","severity":"info","text":"Melantius is attested at the Council of Elvira (Eliberitano), held circa 306–312. This council is a key source for early Iberian church history.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"Hinc numerare incipit sanctus Ilderonsus, et catalogus sancti Æmillani, forte a pace Constantini","severity":"info","text":"The compiler notes that Saint Ildefonsus (Ilderonsus) and the catalogue of Saint Aemilianus begin their numbering from this point, possibly from the Peace of Constantine (313). This reflects later medieval attempts to reconstruct early episcopal lists.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"Hic aliqui Hectorem inserunt ex concilii Tarraconensis Vetusto Codice","severity":"caution","text":"The insertion of Hector from an ancient codex of the Council of Tarragona is noted as a variant. This indicates textual instability in the episcopal list, with some manuscripts including a name others omit.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"dating","kind":"chronology","basis":"text","lemma":"Euphemius, seu Euphimius (579 et seqq.). Subscripsit tertio concilio Toletano, anno 589","severity":"info","text":"Euphemius subscribed to the Third Council of Toledo in 589, a pivotal event where the Visigothic kingdom converted from Arianism to Nicene Christianity. This provides a firm chronological anchor for the list.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The list includes legendary figures (e.g., Eugenius) and uncertain dates; the compiler's sources (Grialius, Fathers of Toledo) are not fully specified. The numbering is inconsistent (e.g., entry 31 is incomplete)."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":2,"ref":"p2","source":"Eugrnius II (636), de quo lidefonsus, cap. 12. — 32. Ingenius III (646), de quo Ildetonsus, cap. 13. - 53. Sanctus Ildefonsus (657). De eo Julianus. — 34. Quiricus (667). Subscribit concilio Toletano xi. -r 55. Sanctus Julianus (680). De eq Felix. 36. Sisebertus (690). Depositus in concilio Toletano xvi. — 37.Felix (693). Subscribit concilio Toletano VXI. - 38.Gutericus, sue Gundericus (760). — 39. Sinderedus (Circa 710). Romam Saracenorum tempore fugiens, subscribit concilio Romano sub Gregorio II. Eodem tempore Oppa, seu Oppas intrusus. item Urbanus functus munere absentis episcopii Sinderedi.\n\nHinc sequentes episcopi sub jugo Saracenorum.\n\nUrbanus (Post 721) primum vicarius, deinde, ut credi potest, post obitum Sinderedi episcopus. — 41. Sunieredus (Circa 740) — 42. Concordius (Circa 760). - 43. Cixila (Circa 774).Scribi Vitam sancti Ildefonsi, et ad illum scribit Adrianus papa.—44. Elipandus (Circa 783). Ejus opinio damnata in concilio Francfordiensi, ann. 794. —45. Gumesindus (Circa 820). — 46. Wistremirus (Circa 850), de quo et meminit sanctus Enlogius Cordubensis hoc teinpore. - 47. Sanctus Eulogius Cordubensis (859), electus alno quo martyr obiit. — 48. Bonitus. — 49. Joannes (Circa 950). Obiisse aera dicitur in Codice sancti Æmiliani. — 50. Paschalis (1058). Ordinatus fuit Legione, anno 1058. Episcopus adhuc Tolelanus erat anno 1067. Vide Hisp. sacr. tom. XXXV, pag.","english":"Eugenius II (636), concerning whom Ildefonsus, chapter 12. — 32. Ingenius III (646), concerning whom Ildefonsus, chapter 13. — 53. Saint Ildefonsus (657). Concerning him, Julianus. — 34. Quiricus (667). He subscribes to the Eleventh Council of Toledo. — 55. Saint Julianus (680). Concerning him, Felix. 36. Sisebertus (690). Deposed at the Sixteenth Council of Toledo. — 37. Felix (693). He subscribes to the Seventeenth Council of Toledo. — 38. Gutericus, or Gundericus (760). — 39. Sinderedus (circa 710). Fleeing to Rome at the time of the Saracens, he subscribes to the Roman Council under Gregory II. At the same time, Oppa, or Oppas, an intruder. Likewise Urbanus, who performed the function of the absent bishop Sinderedus.\n\nHence the following bishops under the yoke of the Saracens.\n\nUrbanus (after 721), first a vicar, then, as can be believed, after the death of Sinderedus, bishop. — 41. Sunieredus (circa 740) — 42. Concordius (circa 760). — 43. Cixila (circa 774). He writes the Life of Saint Ildefonsus, and Pope Adrian writes to him. — 44. Elipandus (circa 783). His opinion condemned at the Council of Frankfurt, in the year 794. — 45. Gumesindus (circa 820). — 46. Wistremirus (circa 850), concerning whom Saint Eulogius of Cordoba also makes mention at this time. — 47. Saint Eulogius of Cordoba (859), elected in the year in which he died a martyr. — 48. Bonitus. — 49. Joannes (circa 950). He is said to have died in the era in the Codex of Saint Æmilianus. — 50. Paschalis (1058). He was ordained in León, in the year 1058. He was still bishop of Toledo in the year 1067. See Hisp. sacr. vol. XXXV, p.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"Eugrnius II (636)","severity":"info","text":"The numbering in the Latin text is inconsistent: Eugenius II is listed as entry 31 (implied by the sequence), but the numeral '32' appears before Ingenius III, and '53' before Sanctus Ildefonsus, suggesting a scribal error or a conflation of two numbering systems.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"Subscribit concilio Toletano xi","severity":"info","text":"The Eleventh Council of Toledo (675) was a significant Visigothic synod; Quiricus's subscription confirms his episcopal authority and the council's role in consolidating church discipline.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"Depositus in concilio Toletano xvi","severity":"info","text":"The Sixteenth Council of Toledo (693) deposed Sisebertus, likely for political or doctrinal reasons, reflecting the turbulent relations between the Visigothic monarchy and the church.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"Romam Saracenorum tempore fugiens","severity":"info","text":"Sinderedus's flight to Rome during the Saracen (Umayyad) conquest of Hispania (early 8th century) illustrates the disruption of the Visigothic church and the exile of its hierarchy.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"Sub jugo Saracenorum","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'under the yoke of the Saracens' marks the transition to the period of Muslim rule in Toledo (after 711), during which the episcopal succession continued under constrained conditions.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"Vide Hisp. sacr. tom. XXXV, pag.","severity":"info","text":"The reference to 'Hisp. sacr.' (Hispania Sacra) indicates the source's reliance on Enrique Flórez's monumental ecclesiastical history of Spain, a key modern scholarly work for Iberian church records.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The numbering of bishops (e.g., '32', '53') is inconsistent and may reflect a conflation of two lists or a scribal error.","The exact dates for several bishops (e.g., Gutericus, Sunieredus) are uncertain, as indicated by 'circa' or missing years.","The status of Urbanus as vicar or bishop after Sinderedus's death is presented as a plausible inference ('ut credi potest')."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":3,"ref":"p3","source":"83. Aliorum episcoporum notitia desideratur, usque ad annum 1086, quo post ereptam e Saracenorum jugo Toletum Benardus renunciatus fuit acchiepiscopus.","english":"83. Information about the other bishops is lacking, up to the year 1086, when, after Toledo was snatched from the yoke of the Saracens, Benardus was proclaimed archbishop.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"dating","kind":"chronology","basis":"text","lemma":"usque ad annum 1086","severity":"info","text":"The year 1086 marks the Christian reconquest of Toledo from the Almoravids, after which Bernard de Sédirac (Benardus) was appointed the first post-reconquest archbishop.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ereptam e Saracenorum jugo Toletum","severity":"info","text":"Toledo was captured by King Alfonso VI of León and Castile in May 1085, not 1086; the text's '1086' may reflect the year of Bernard's consecration or a scribal error.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"Benardus","severity":"info","text":"Benardus is the Latin form of Bernard de Sédirac (or Bernard of Cluny), a French Cluniac monk who became the first Latin archbishop of Toledo after the reconquest.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"Aliorum episcoporum notitia desideratur","severity":"info","text":"This sentence concludes the list of Toledan bishops, acknowledging a gap in the record between the last Visigothic prelate and the post-reconquest restoration.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"usque ad annum 1086","severity":"info","text":"The date 1086 is used in later medieval and early modern chronicles to mark the restoration of the Toledan see, though modern scholarship places the reconquest in 1085.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The year 1086 may conflate the reconquest (1085) with Bernard's installation; the phrase 'ereptam e Saracenorum jugo' is a conventional formula for the Christian reconquest."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]}]}