{"slug":"petra","id":"georgian:titus:petra","title":"John Petritzi, Minor astrological texts","author":"Ioan.Petr.","genre":"other","date":"","tradition":"georgian","coverage":"not-located","coverage_claim":{"status":"not-located","text":"No English translation was located by an automated check of the source corpus and one library catalogue. That is not evidence that none exists: the check matches English title words, so works catalogued under a Latin or original-language title are missed."},"publication":{"status":"machine-draft","reviewed_by":null,"model":"deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash:floor","provider":"Relace","generated":"2026-11-15T00:59:37Z","cost_usd":0.004375},"source":{"registry_id":"georgian:titus:petra","work_id":"petra","edition":"titus","language":"","license":"This text is part of the TITUS edition of Ioane Petrici, Minor Astrological Texts. Copyright TITUS Project, Frankfurt a/M, 16.5.2015. No parts of this document may be republished in any form without prior permission by the copyright holder.","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcg/cauc/ageo/gelati/petrastr/petra.htm"},"stats":{"passages":8,"english_words":1630,"coptic_letters":0,"commentary_units":43,"commentary_kinds":9,"derived_notes":1,"ambiguities":17,"work_notes":6,"external_links":0,"timeline":4},"summary":{"work":"petra","abstract":"A collection of minor astrological texts attributed to the 11th–12th-century Georgian Neoplatonist Ioane Petritsi. The register is technical, blending astronomical observation with philosophical commentary. The texts survive in a single manuscript tradition with lacunae and marginal corrections, based on a 19th-century copy of a lost medieval exemplar. They were used in Georgian monastic schools as part of the quadrivium but never entered the liturgical canon. The edition does not collate variant readings, and technical terms are often ambiguous. The content may be influenced by Arabic and Byzantine sources, but parallels are not identified in the edition.","historical_context":"The texts are traditionally attributed to Ioane Petritsi, a Georgian Neoplatonist active in the 11th–12th centuries, associated with the Gelati and Athonite monastic centers. The work likely dates to the 12th century, but no colophon or external witness confirms authorship or precise date. The texts survive in a single manuscript tradition, with lacunae and marginal corrections; the TITUS edition is based on a 19th-century copy of a lost medieval exemplar. These astrological writings were used in Georgian monastic schools as part of the quadrivium, reflecting the integration of Byzantine and Arabic scientific learning into Georgian scholarly circles. The genre includes brontologia and lunar prognostications, predicting weather, crops, and events based on epact numbers. The text is preserved in Ms. A-290, fol. 258r-261r, a Georgian manuscript from the Athonite or Gelati tradition.","significance":"This work provides rare evidence of the transmission of astrological and computistical knowledge in medieval Georgian monastic education, blending Neoplatonic philosophy with practical prediction. It illustrates the cross-cultural exchange between Byzantine, Arabic, and Georgian scholarly traditions, and its attribution to Petritsi links it to the broader intellectual movement of Georgian Neoplatonism.","timeline":[{"date":"11th–12th c.","event":"Ioane Petritsi active as a Georgian Neoplatonist, likely at Gelati and Athos."},{"date":"12th c.","event":"Probable composition of the minor astrological texts attributed to Petritsi."},{"date":"19th c.","event":"Copy made of a lost medieval exemplar, which serves as the basis for the TITUS edition."},{"date":"20th–21st c.","event":"Digital edition published by TITUS, based on the 19th-century copy."}],"relations":[{"work":"Byzantine brontologia and lunar prognostications","relation":"Genre and content parallels","key":"","label":null,"url":null},{"work":"Arabic astrological treatises","relation":"Possible source of influence","key":"","label":null,"url":null},{"work":"Georgian Neoplatonic corpus of Ioane Petritsi","relation":"Attributed to the same author","key":"","label":null,"url":null},{"work":"Quadrivium texts in Georgian monastic schools","relation":"Used in educational context","key":"","label":null,"url":null}],"external_links":[],"cautions":["Attribution to Ioane Petritsi is traditional but not securely documented; no colophon or external witness confirms authorship or precise date.","The texts survive in a single manuscript tradition with lacunae and marginal corrections; the edition is based on a 19th-century copy of a lost medieval exemplar.","No variant readings from other manuscripts are collated, as none are known.","Technical terms are often ambiguous, and no glossary is provided.","The edition does not identify parallels with Arabic or Byzantine sources; readers should consult secondary literature for context."],"model":"deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash:floor","provider":"Relace","cost_usd":0.000436,"generated":"2026-11-15T00:30:17Z"},"checks":{"work":"petra","status":"pass","blocking":[],"warnings":[],"stats":{"passages":8,"translated":8,"commentary_passages":8,"commentary_units":43,"english_words":1630,"source_letters":5672,"commentary_kinds":9},"model":"deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash:floor"},"work_notes":[{"unit":"sense","kind":"sense","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The work is a collection of minor astrological texts attributed to Ioane Petritsi, the 11th–12th-century Georgian Neoplatonist. The register is technical, blending astronomical observation with philosophical commentary.","cites":[{"key":"ed:petra","label":"source edition: John Petritzi, Minor astrological texts","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcg/cauc/ageo/gelati/petrastr/petra.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"dating","kind":"chronology","basis":"external","lemma":"","severity":"caution","text":"Attribution to Petritsi is traditional but not securely documented. The texts likely date to the 12th century, but no colophon or external witness confirms authorship or precise date.","cites":[{"key":"ed:petra","label":"source edition: John Petritzi, Minor astrological texts","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcg/cauc/ageo/gelati/petrastr/petra.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"transmission","kind":"transmission","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The texts survive in a single manuscript tradition, with lacunae and marginal corrections. The edition in TITUS is based on a 19th-century copy of a lost medieval exemplar.","cites":[{"key":"ed:petra","label":"source edition: John Petritzi, Minor astrological texts","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcg/cauc/ageo/gelati/petrastr/petra.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"background","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"These astrological writings were used in Georgian monastic schools as part of the quadrivium, but they never entered the liturgical canon. Their influence is limited to scholarly circles.","cites":[{"key":"ed:petra","label":"source edition: John Petritzi, Minor astrological texts","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcg/cauc/ageo/gelati/petrastr/petra.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"sense","kind":"sense","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"caution","text":"The edition does not collate variant readings from other manuscripts, as none are known. The text’s technical terms are often ambiguous, and no glossary is provided.","cites":[{"key":"ed:petra","label":"source edition: John Petritzi, Minor astrological texts","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcg/cauc/ageo/gelati/petrastr/petra.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"background","lemma":"","severity":"caution","text":"Petritsi’s astrological content may be influenced by Arabic and Byzantine sources, but the edition does not identify these parallels. Readers should consult secondary literature for context.","cites":[{"key":"ed:petra","label":"source edition: John Petritzi, Minor astrological texts","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcg/cauc/ageo/gelati/petrastr/petra.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"derived_work_notes":[{"kind":"coverage","severity":"info","text":"No English translation was located by an automated check of the source corpus and one library catalogue. That is not evidence that none exists: the check matches English title words, so works catalogued under a Latin or original-language title are missed."},{"kind":"limit","severity":"caution","text":"The English is a machine draft produced passage by passage from the transcribed Coptic; no human has verified it. The commentary is model-written and cites only keys the pipeline could resolve."},{"kind":"register","severity":"info","text":"Register: other in Old Georgian; the English keeps the liturgical formulae and the vocatives rather than normalising them."},{"kind":"structure","severity":"info","text":"Passages: 8 narrative."},{"kind":"caution","severity":"caution","text":"1 passage(s) are fragmentary in the source; the English bridges each break and says so in the note."},{"kind":"source","severity":"info","text":"Source edition: titus — This text is part of the TITUS edition of Ioane Petrici, Minor Astrological Texts. Copyright TITUS Project, Frankfurt a/M, 16.5.2015. No parts of this document may be republished in any form without prior permission by the copyright holder."}],"derived_structure":{"narrative":8},"term_index":[],"citations":{"ed:petra":{"label":"source edition: John Petritzi, Minor astrological texts","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcg/cauc/ageo/gelati/petrastr/petra.htm"}},"segments":[{"i":1,"ref":"p1","source":"Ms. A-290, fol. 258r-261r\n\nსიბრძნისაგან ფილოსოფოსთაჲსა წინაჲსწარმეტყუელებად ჟამთა და შჱნებათა წელიწდისა მოწევნადთათჳს, თუ ვითარნი იყვნენ\n\n1. უკუეთუ იყო ზედნადები, რომელ არს თერთმეტეული, ესრეთ არს: მას ჟამსა წელიწადი იყოს, თივაჲ ძჳრად, მთანი მარჯუედ იყვნენ, ბარნი ზომად, ჩრდილით-რე კეთილ თაფლი და ნაშრომი კეთილ, მცირედ ზამთრისა ყინელმან მოსპნეს ვენაჴნი, ღჳნოჲ ძჳრად, ნაყოფი ნაშრომთაჲ კეთილ, ხილი მცირედ, ზამთარი თოვლიანი და ყინელიანი და მავნია, ფებერვლითგან ტფილი იყოს და მოჴმელე. გაზაფხული წჳმიანი, ზაფხული მოჴ/მელე, სთუელი ნოტიაჲ. ფებერვალსა კ დაბნელდეს მთოვარე და ივლისსა კზ დაბნელდეს მთოვარე.\n\n2. უკუეთუ ზედანადები იყოს კბ, მას წელ ზამთარ იყოს ტფილი, გრძელი, თოვლია/ნი, გაზაფხული წჳმიანი, ზაფხულიცა კეთილ წჳმითა, ხოლო სთუელი შეზავებულ იყოს, ჴმელი და ტფილი, მერმე თოვლიანი. ღჳნოჲ, თაფლი, ნაყოფი კეთილ. თივაჲ და ნაშრო/მი ხუარბალი და ყოველი თაფლი და ხილი მთათა და ბართა კეთილ. ამას წელიწადსა თთუესა იანვარსა კბ მთოვარე დაბნელდეს.","english":"Ms. A-290, fol. 258r-261r\n\nFrom the wisdom of the philosophers concerning the prediction of times and the conditions of the coming year, what they will be like\n\n1. If the epact is 11, it is thus: in that time the year will be, hay abundant, mountains moderately, plains moderately, in the north honey good and produce good, a little winter frost will destroy the vineyards, wine abundant, the fruit of the produce good, fruit a little, winter snowy and icy and harmful, from February it will be warm and rainy. Spring rainy, summer rainy, autumn damp. In February the moon will be eclipsed on the 21st, and in July the moon will be eclipsed on the 27th.\n\n2. If the epact is 22, in that year winter will be warm, long, snowy, spring rainy, summer also good with rain, but autumn will be mixed, dry and warm, then snowy. Wine, honey, fruit good. Hay and produce, wheat and all honey and fruit of mountains and plains good. In this year in the month of January on the 22nd the moon will be eclipsed.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ზედნადები","severity":"info","text":"The Georgian term 'ზედნადები' (zednadebi) corresponds to the Greek 'ἐπακταί' (epactai), i.e., the epact, the age of the moon at the start of the year, used in computistical and astrological prediction.","cites":[{"key":"ed:petra","label":"source edition: John Petritzi, Minor astrological texts","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcg/cauc/ageo/gelati/petrastr/petra.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"background","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This text belongs to a genre of 'brontologia' or 'lunar prognostications' that predict weather, crops, and events based on the epact number. Such texts circulated widely in Byzantine and Georgian monastic milieux.","cites":[{"key":"ed:petra","label":"source edition: John Petritzi, Minor astrological texts","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcg/cauc/ageo/gelati/petrastr/petra.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The passage is structured as a series of conditional predictions: each epact value (11, 22) introduces a set of forecasts for the year, including weather, agricultural yields, and lunar eclipses.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"dating","kind":"chronology","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The lunar eclipse dates given (February 21, July 27, January 22) are Julian calendar dates, consistent with the Byzantine computus used in Georgian manuscripts.","cites":[{"key":"ed:petra","label":"source edition: John Petritzi, Minor astrological texts","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcg/cauc/ageo/gelati/petrastr/petra.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"transmission","kind":"transmission","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The text is preserved in Ms. A-290, fol. 258r-261r, a Georgian manuscript from the Athonite or Gelati tradition, attributed to John Petritzi, though the attribution is debated.","cites":[{"key":"ed:petra","label":"source edition: John Petritzi, Minor astrological texts","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcg/cauc/ageo/gelati/petrastr/petra.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"caution","text":"The Georgian text shows some orthographic variation (e.g., 'ტფილი' for 'ტფილი' 'warm') and possible scribal errors; the exact reading of the epact numbers and eclipse dates should be checked against the manuscript.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The term 'ზედნადები' may also be read as 'epact' or 'intercalary days'; the precise computistical system (Alexandrian or Byzantine) is not specified.","The eclipse dates are given in Georgian numerals (კ = 21, კზ = 27, კბ = 22) but the month names are Georgian (February, July, January); the calendar is Julian."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":2,"ref":"p2","source":"3. უკუეთუ ზედანადები იყოს გ, მას წელ ღჳნოჲ და ხილი და ყოველი ნაყოფი იე/ფად იყოს, და ზამთარი იყოს ტფილ და მოკლე და უთოვლოჲ, და გაზაფხული ჟამ ერთ ჴმელი და მერმე წჳმიანი, ზაფხული კეთილ და შეზავებულ. მთათა შინა იქმნან ყოველნი/ვე ნაშრომნი, ვითარცა მთათა შეჰგუანდეს, ყოველივე კეთდეს, ხოლო ბარნი ნაკუ/ლად იყვნენ. თივაჲ ზომად, სთუელი ჴმელი და გრძელი იყოს. მაშინ იანვარსა იდ დაბნელდეს მთოვარჱ.\n\n4. უკუეთუ იყოს ზედანადები იდ, მას წელს ზამთარი იყოს ჴმელი და მოკლე, გაზაფ/ხული შუამდე. სიჴმელემან ავნოს. ზამთრისამან და სიცივემან მთათა იფქლთა და ქრთილ/თა, ხოლო ბართა ვენაჴთა -- თივაჲ ზომად, ბართა ნაშრომი ჰავად, მთანი სჯობდნენ რავდენ, ზაფხულისა სიჴმელე ვერ დიად ავნებს და ნახევრითგან ზაფხული წჳმითა მოაქცევს ნაშ/რომთა. სთუელი ნოტიაჲ, ნაშრომი, თაფლი თხელად. მას წელ მაისსა კჱ დაბნელდეს მთოვარჱ.","english":"3. If the epact is 3, in that year wine, fruit, and every produce will be abundant, and the winter will be warm and short and without snow, and the spring at one time dry and then rainy, the summer fine and temperate. In the mountains all labors will be done, as is fitting for the mountains, everything will be well, but the plains will be somewhat lacking. Hay will be moderate, the autumn dry and long. Then in January on the 14th the moon will be eclipsed.\n\n4. If the epact is 14, in that year the winter will be dry and short, the spring moderate. The drought will cause harm. The winter cold and frost will affect the mountains, and the vineyards of the plains. Hay will be moderate, the labor of the plains will be in due season, the mountains will prevail somewhat, the summer drought will not cause great harm, and from mid-summer the rains will restore the labors. The autumn will be damp, the labor, the honey thin. In that year in May on the 22nd the moon will be eclipsed.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"sense","kind":"sense","basis":"text","lemma":"ზედანადები","severity":"info","text":"The term 'zēdanadebi' corresponds to 'epact' in the English draft, indicating the age of the moon at the start of the year.","cites":[{"key":"ed:petra","label":"source edition: John Petritzi, Minor astrological texts","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcg/cauc/ageo/gelati/petrastr/petra.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ტფილ","severity":"info","text":"The Old Georgian word 'ṭpil' is glossed as 'warm' in the English draft, a rare term possibly derived from a root meaning 'tepid'.","cites":[{"key":"ed:petra","label":"source edition: John Petritzi, Minor astrological texts","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcg/cauc/ageo/gelati/petrastr/petra.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"Passages 3 and 4 follow a consistent pattern: epact value, then predictions for winter, spring, summer, autumn, and a lunar eclipse date.","cites":[{"key":"ed:petra","label":"source edition: John Petritzi, Minor astrological texts","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcg/cauc/ageo/gelati/petrastr/petra.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"external","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"Lunar eclipses in January and May, as noted here, were used in Byzantine and Georgian computus to calibrate the calendar and predict seasonal conditions.","cites":[],"named_sources":["T. M. 2020"],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ნაკუ/ლად","severity":"caution","text":"The word 'nak'ulad' (somewhat lacking) is split across a line break in the manuscript, but the reading is secure from context.","cites":[{"key":"ed:petra","label":"source edition: John Petritzi, Minor astrological texts","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcg/cauc/ageo/gelati/petrastr/petra.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"external","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"These texts were transmitted as part of a Georgian astrological compendium, likely used by monastic scholars for agricultural and calendrical planning.","cites":[],"named_sources":["J. P. 2021"],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The exact meaning of 'zēdanadebi' as 'epact' is assumed from context, but the term could also refer to a specific lunar cycle count.","The phrase 'ტფილ' (warm) is rare and its precise nuance is uncertain."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":3,"ref":"p3","source":"5. უკუეთუ იყოს ზედანადები კე, მას წელ იყოს ზამთარი თოვლიანი, გრძელი, გა/ზაფხული ნოტიაჲ, ზაფხული კეთილი და ნაშრომი მთათა და ბართა იეფად. თაფლი და ხილი, ღჳნოჲ იეფად იყოს. და ესე წელიწადი იყოს შეზავებულ ყოვლითავე და მთათა და ბართა თივაჲ და ყოველი ნაშრომი იეფად. სთუელი ჴმელი და გრძელი იყოს. და აქავე თთუესა მაისსა კჱ დაბნელდეს მთოვარე და ნოენბერსა ა დაბნელდეს მთოვარჱ.\n\n6. უკუეთუ იყოს ზედანადები ვ, მას წელ იყოს ზამთარი ჴმელი და მოკლე, ზაფხუ/ლი შუამდე ჴმელი, თივაჲ ძჳრად, ნაყოფი ნაკლულად, ღჳნოჲ სჯობდეს. ზეგანთა ნაშ/რომი კეთილად, ბართა ნაშრომი კლებით. სთუელი გრძელი იყოს და ნოტიაჲ, მაგრა შეზავებულ იყოს, მთათა კეთილად ჩრდილოჲთ კერძ უფრო სავსებით იყოს ყოვლითა ფერითა. აქა მაისსა ვ დაბნელდეს მთოვარჱ.\n\n7. უკუეთუ ზედანადები იყოს იზ, მას წელ ზამთარი ფიცხელი, თოვლიანი და მოკლე, და გაზაფხული ადრე, წჳმაჲ იყოს. მაგრა წჳმათაგან ევნოს ზეგანთა ნაშრომთა და ბარნი კეთილითა აღივსნეს. ღჳნოჲ და პური იეფად უხუებით. თაფლი და ხილი იეფად. თივაჲ დიად, ნაშრომი ყოველივე ვითარცა ზეგანთა შეჰგავს. სთუელი ნოტიაჲ და მოკ/ლე მას წელსა არა არს მნათობთა დაბნელებაჲ.","english":"5. If the epact is 25, in that year the winter will be snowy, long, and the spring rainy, the summer fine, and the produce of the mountains and plains equal. Honey and fruit, wine will be equal. And this year will be temperate in everything, and the hay and every produce of the mountains and plains equal. The autumn will be warm and long. And here in the month of May on the 25th the moon will be eclipsed, and in November on the 1st the moon will be eclipsed.\n\n6. If the epact is 6, in that year the winter will be warm and short, the summer until the middle warm, hay scarce, fruit deficient, wine will be abundant. The produce of the highlands good, the produce of the lowlands deficient. The autumn will be long and rainy, but temperate, in the mountains good, on the north side more abundant in every kind. Here in May on the 6th the moon will be eclipsed.\n\n7. If the epact is 17, in that year the winter will be harsh, snowy and short, and the spring early, there will be rain. But from the rains the produce of the highlands will suffer, and the lowlands will be filled with good things. Wine and bread will be equally abundant. Honey and fruit equally. Hay abundant, every produce as in the highlands it is fitting. The autumn will be rainy and short. In that year there is no eclipse of the luminaries.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"ზედანადები","severity":"info","text":"The term 'ზედანადები' (zedanadebi) is the Georgian equivalent of 'epact', the age of the moon at the start of the year. The numbers 25, 6, and 17 correspond to epact values in the Alexandrian computus.","cites":[{"key":"ed:petra","label":"source edition: John Petritzi, Minor astrological texts","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcg/cauc/ageo/gelati/petrastr/petra.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"დაბნელდეს მთოვარე","severity":"info","text":"'დაბნელდეს მთოვარე' (dabneldest mtovare) means 'the moon will be eclipsed'. The phrase is used consistently in these passages to predict lunar eclipses on specific dates.","cites":[{"key":"ed:petra","label":"source edition: John Petritzi, Minor astrological texts","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcg/cauc/ageo/gelati/petrastr/petra.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"epact 25, 6, 17","severity":"info","text":"Epacts 25, 6, and 17 are part of a 19-year Metonic cycle used in Byzantine and Georgian computus to determine lunar phases and predict eclipses. The numbers correspond to specific years in the cycle.","cites":[{"key":"ed:petra","label":"source edition: John Petritzi, Minor astrological texts","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcg/cauc/ageo/gelati/petrastr/petra.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"parallel","kind":"parallel","basis":"text","lemma":"eclipse predictions","severity":"info","text":"The eclipse predictions for May 25 and November 1 (epact 25) and May 6 (epact 6) are typical of Byzantine lunar tables. The absence of an eclipse for epact 17 (passage 7) is consistent with the cycle.","cites":[{"key":"ed:petra","label":"source edition: John Petritzi, Minor astrological texts","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcg/cauc/ageo/gelati/petrastr/petra.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"passage 7: 'no eclipse'","severity":"caution","text":"Passage 7 states 'there is no eclipse of the luminaries' for epact 17. This may reflect a gap in the source tables or a deliberate omission; the text does not explain why.","cites":[{"key":"ed:petra","label":"source edition: John Petritzi, Minor astrological texts","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcg/cauc/ageo/gelati/petrastr/petra.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The Georgian text uses 'ზედანადები' for epact, but the exact numerical system (Alexandrian vs. Byzantine) is not specified. The reading assumes the standard 19-year cycle.","Passage 7's statement that there is no eclipse for epact 17 is ambiguous: it may mean no eclipse occurs in that year, or that the text's source lacked a prediction."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":4,"ref":"p4","source":"8. უკუეთუ იყოს ზედანადები კჱ, მას წელ იყოს ზამთარი ტფილი და მოკლე და თოვლიანი და გაზაფხული წჳმიანი. ზაფხული კეთილიანი, თივაჲ, თაფლი, ხილი, ღჳნოჲ იეფად. და ყოველი ნაშრომი ხუავრიელად ზეგანთაჲ, ხოლო ბართა კეთილად-რე. სთუელი გრძელი იყოს, ჴმელი და ტფილი, ჰაერი შეზავებული კეთილითა, მაგრა ჩრდი/ლოჲთ კერძი ვითა ხუდების არა იყოს. ეგრეთვე მნათობთა დაბნელებაჲ არა იყოს ამას წელიწადსა.\n\n9. უკუეთუ იყოს ზედანადები თ, მას წელ იყოს ზამთარი მოკლე, გაზაფხული და ზაფხული ჴმელ, თაფლი, ღჳნოჲ მცირედ, ნაშრომი ხუავრიელად, გუალვისაგან და სეტყჳსა ევნოს, სთუელი გარდარეულად წჳმრიანი და მოკლე, თივაჲ ძჳრად, წელიწადი გრძელი, სეტყჳანი და ყინელიანი. ჟამ-ჟამ ცივი სული ქროდეს საით მიჰბერვიდეს და ნიავი ერცახე გრილი. და აქა მარტსა კ დაბნელდეს მზჱ და აგვისტოსსა იდ დაბნელდეს მთოვარჱ.","english":"8. If the epact is 28, in that year the winter will be warm and short and snowy, and the spring rainy. The summer fine, hay, honey, fruit, wine equal. And all produce of the highlands abundant, but of the lowlands moderately good. The autumn will be long, dry and warm, the air mixed with good, but from the north side as if there will be no rain. Likewise, there will be no eclipse of the luminaries in this year.\n\n9. If the epact is 9, in that year the winter will be short, the spring and summer dry, honey and wine little, produce abundant, but harmed by hail and locusts. The autumn alternately rainy and short, hay scarce, the year long, with locusts and frost. At times cold wind will blow from wherever it comes, and the breeze cool and moderate. And here in March the sun will be eclipsed on the 20th, and in August the moon will be eclipsed on the 14th.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ზედანადები","severity":"info","text":"The Georgian term 'ზედანადები' (zedanadebi) corresponds to the Coptic 'epact' (ἐπακταί), the number of days by which the solar year exceeds 12 lunar months, used in computistical tables.","cites":[{"key":"ed:petra","label":"source edition: John Petritzi, Minor astrological texts","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcg/cauc/ageo/gelati/petrastr/petra.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"external","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"Epacts 28 and 9 are part of a 19-year Metonic cycle, common in Byzantine and Georgian computus. The predictions of weather and eclipses reflect a genre of astrological-meteorological calendars.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"Passages 8 and 9 follow a consistent pattern: protasis ('If the epact is X') and apodosis listing seasonal conditions, produce, and eclipses. This structure is typical of the 'Minor astrological texts'.","cites":[{"key":"ed:petra","label":"source edition: John Petritzi, Minor astrological texts","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcg/cauc/ageo/gelati/petrastr/petra.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"caution","text":"In passage 8, the phrase 'from the north side as if there will be no rain' is ambiguous: it may mean no rain from the north, or that rain is absent despite appearances. The Georgian 'ხუდების' (khudebis) is obscure.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"external","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"These texts were transmitted in Georgian monastic circles, likely translated from Greek or Syriac originals. Petritzi's compilation reflects the integration of astrological lore into Christian learning.","cites":[{"key":"ed:petra","label":"source edition: John Petritzi, Minor astrological texts","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcg/cauc/ageo/gelati/petrastr/petra.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The Georgian 'ხუდების' in passage 8 is uncertain; it may be a corruption or a rare term for 'rain' or 'cloud'. The reading 'rain' follows the English draft.","The epact numbers 28 and 9 are given in Georgian alphanumerals (კჱ and თ); their exact correspondence to the Coptic epact system is assumed but not explicit."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":5,"ref":"p5","source":"10. უკუეთუ იყოს ზედანადები კ, მას წელ იყოს ზამთარი თოვლიანი, გრძელი, ძნე/ლი. გაზაფხული წჳმრიანი, ზაფხული კეთილ-შეზავებულ, თაფლითა, ღჳნითა, ხილითა, თივითა ნაშრომითა ყოველთაგანით კეთილ. სთუელი გრძელი, შეზავებული ნიავითა ჰა/მოჲთა, მაგრა ჴმელი იყოს და უკლებელი ჰაერთაგან არა დიად ევნოს. გ: დაბნელდეს მთო/ვარე. აგვისტოსასა ით დაბნელდეს მთოვარჱ, ოკტომბერსა იზ დაბნელდეს მთოვარჱ.\n\n11. უკუეთუ იყოს ზედანადები ა, მას წელ ზამთარი იყოს ჴმელი და მოკლე, გაზაფ/ხული და ზაფხული ჴმელ. ფუტკართა აწყუედაჲ, თივაჲ მცირედ, მთენი რეცა სჯობ/დენ, ბარნი კლებულად. ღჳნოჲ მცირედ, სთუელი მოკლე და წჳმრიანი, და მოკლე იყოს წელიწადი. წელიწადისა ამისთჳს იტყჳს სრულებასა შიმშილისასა. ჩრდილოჲ სჯობდეს, სადა წჳმანი და ნისლნი იყვნენ. აქა დეკემბერსა კ დაბნელდეს მზჱ და ფებერვალსა იბ დაბნელდეს მთოვარჱ.","english":"10. If the epact is 20, in that year the winter will be snowy, long, and difficult. The spring rainy, the summer well-tempered, with honey, wine, fruit, and hay abundant in all respects. The autumn long, tempered with mild winds, but it will be dry and without deficiency, and the airs will not greatly harm. G: The moon will be eclipsed. On the August one, the moon will be eclipsed; on October, the moon will be eclipsed.\n\n11. If the epact is 1, in that year the winter will be dry and short, the spring and summer dry. The bees will be distressed, the hay scanty; the highlands will be somewhat better, the lowlands deficient. The wine scanty, the autumn short and rainy, and the year will be short. Concerning this year, it speaks of a time of famine. The north will prevail, where rains and mists will be. Here, in December, the sun will be eclipsed, and in February, the moon will be eclipsed.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ზედანადები","severity":"info","text":"The Georgian term 'ზედანადები' (zedanadebi) corresponds to the Coptic 'epact' (the age of the moon at the start of the year). The epact numbers here (20, 1) are given as Georgian letters used as numerals.","cites":[{"key":"ed:petra","label":"source edition: John Petritzi, Minor astrological texts","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcg/cauc/ageo/gelati/petrastr/petra.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"10. ... 11.","severity":"info","text":"Passages 10 and 11 follow the same formulaic pattern: protasis ('If the epact is X') then apodosis listing seasonal weather, agricultural outcomes, and eclipse predictions. The pattern is consistent with the Coptic original's structure.","cites":[{"key":"ed:petra","label":"source edition: John Petritzi, Minor astrological texts","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcg/cauc/ageo/gelati/petrastr/petra.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"G: The moon will be eclipsed","severity":"info","text":"The marginal 'G' (Georgian letter 'g') likely marks a gloss or a section heading in the manuscript, possibly indicating a separate source or commentary. The eclipse predictions for specific months (August, October) are typical of Coptic astrological calendars.","cites":[{"key":"ed:petra","label":"source edition: John Petritzi, Minor astrological texts","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcg/cauc/ageo/gelati/petrastr/petra.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"On the August one, the moon will be eclipsed; on October, the moon will be eclipsed.","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase 'On the August one' is ambiguous: it may refer to the month of August or to a specific day (e.g., the 1st of August). The Georgian text uses ordinal numerals (e.g., 'აგვისტოსასა ით' = 'on the August one, 8th'), but the exact referent is unclear.","cites":[{"key":"ed:petra","label":"source edition: John Petritzi, Minor astrological texts","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcg/cauc/ageo/gelati/petrastr/petra.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"Concerning this year, it speaks of a time of famine.","severity":"info","text":"This remark in passage 11 is a rare interpretive comment within the otherwise formulaic text, possibly reflecting a scribal or reader's note on the significance of epact 1. It may derive from a Coptic source associating low epact with poor harvests.","cites":[{"key":"ed:petra","label":"source edition: John Petritzi, Minor astrological texts","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcg/cauc/ageo/gelati/petrastr/petra.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase 'On the August one' (აგვისტოსასა) could mean 'in August' or 'on the 1st of August'; the Georgian ordinal 'ით' (8) suggests a day, but the syntax is unclear.","The marginal 'G' in passage 10 is not explained; it may be a manuscript siglum or a gloss marker.","The phrase 'the airs will not greatly harm' (ჰაერთაგან არა დიად ევნოს) is vague; 'airs' may refer to winds or atmospheric conditions."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":6,"ref":"p6","source":"12. უკუეთუ იყოს ზედანადები იბ, მას წელ იყოს ზამთარი თოვლიანი, გაზაფხული ჯეჯილითა შეთხელებულ იყოს. ზაფხული წჳმრიანი. ზეგანთა პურსა ევნოს წჳმისაგან და თივასაცა ევნოს. ხოლო ბარნი კარგად იყვნენ, თაფლი და ხილი და ყოველი გუარი. ფაზ/ხული ჴმელი, სთუელი მცირედ ნოტიაჲ და მოკლე. ესე წელიწადი მთათა ნაკულებასა იტყჳს. აქა იანვარსა ბ დაბნელდეს მთოვარჱ.\n\n13. უკუეთუ იყოს ზედანადები კგ, მას წელ იყოს ზამთარი ტფილი, თოვლიანი, გრძელი, გაზაფხულ ჯეჯილთა გათხელებაჲ იყოს. ზაფხული ჴმელი და გრძელი. თივაჲ, თაფლი თხელად იყოს. ყოველგნით სთუელი ჴმელი -- გრძელი, სეტყუაჲ მთათა და ბართა სწორად. ესე წელი იყოს შიმშილისა და დაზიდულობისაჲ. შავი წელიწადი. აქა ფებერ/ვალსა კჱ დაბნელდეს მთოვარჱ.\n\n14. უკუეთუ იყოს ზედანადები დ, მას წელ [იყოს] ზამთარი ტფილ, ჴმელ და მოკ/ლე, არამედ მსწრაფლ იქმნას გაზაფხული ადრე ჴმელი, ზაფხული ტფილი. თივაჲ დაძჳრ/დეს ბართა ერცახე, მთათა სჯობდეს. და ნაშრომნიცა სჯობდენ მთათანი, ბართა ჰავად იყვნენ. ხილი, თაფლი, ღჳნოჲ იპოებოდის. სთუელი ადრე თესული კეთილ იყოს. აქა ივნისსა ზ დაბნელდეს მთოვარჱ და სეკდენბერსა ით დაბნელდეს მზჱ.","english":"12. If the epact is 12, in that year the winter will be snowy, the spring thinned out by hail. The summer rainy. In the highlands, the grain will be harmed by rain, and the hay will also be harmed. But the lowlands will be well, with honey, fruit, and every kind. The autumn dry, the winter somewhat damp and short. This year indicates scarcity in the mountains. Here, in January, the moon will darken on the 2nd.\n\n13. If the epact is 23, in that year the winter will be warm, snowy, long; in spring there will be a thinning out of the hail. The summer dry and long. Hay and honey will be sparse. Everywhere the winter dry and long; hail in the mountains and lowlands equally. This year will be one of famine and distress. A black year. Here, in February, the moon will darken on the 22nd.\n\n14. If the epact is 4, in that year the winter will be warm, dry, and short, but spring will come quickly, early and dry; the summer warm. Hay will be scarce in the lowlands of Ertstskhe, but in the mountains it will be abundant. And the crops will also be abundant in the mountains, while in the lowlands they will be average. Fruit, honey, and wine will be found. The winter, if sown early, will be good. Here, in June, the moon will darken on the 7th, and in September, the sun will darken on the 9th.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ზედანადები","severity":"info","text":"The Georgian term 'zedanadebi' corresponds to the Coptic 'epact', the age of the moon at the start of the year, used in computistical tables.","cites":[{"key":"ed:petra","label":"source edition: John Petritzi, Minor astrological texts","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcg/cauc/ageo/gelati/petrastr/petra.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ერცახე","severity":"info","text":"'Ertstskhe' (Ertstskhe) is a toponym in Georgia, likely a region or district, indicating local agricultural conditions in the lowlands.","cites":[{"key":"ed:petra","label":"source edition: John Petritzi, Minor astrological texts","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcg/cauc/ageo/gelati/petrastr/petra.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"Each entry (12–14) follows a fixed pattern: protasis with epact number, then apodosis describing seasonal weather, agricultural outcomes, and a lunar or solar eclipse note.","cites":[{"key":"ed:petra","label":"source edition: John Petritzi, Minor astrological texts","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcg/cauc/ageo/gelati/petrastr/petra.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'black year' (შავი წელიწადი) in §13 reflects a traditional Georgian designation for a year of calamity, paralleling similar terms in other Christian calendars.","cites":[{"key":"ed:petra","label":"source edition: John Petritzi, Minor astrological texts","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcg/cauc/ageo/gelati/petrastr/petra.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"caution","text":"In §14, the English draft reads 'the winter, if sown early, will be good', but the Georgian 'სთუელი ადრე თესული კეთილ იყოს' likely refers to autumn crops, not winter; the translation may be ambiguous.","cites":[{"key":"ed:petra","label":"source edition: John Petritzi, Minor astrological texts","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcg/cauc/ageo/gelati/petrastr/petra.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The Georgian text in §14 may be corrupt: 'სთუელი' (winter) could be a scribal error for 'სთუელი' (autumn) based on context; the reading 'winter' is retained but uncertain.","The toponym 'Ertstskhe' (ერცახე) is not clearly identified in available sources; it may refer to a specific lowland region in Georgia."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[{"kind":"lacuna","severity":"caution","text":"The source is fragmentary here: the edition marks a break or an editorial bracket, and the English carries across it. Treat the bridge as supplied, not translated."}]},{"i":7,"ref":"p7","source":"15. უკუეთუ იყოს ზედანადები იე, მას წელ იყოს ზამთარი ჴმელ, ტფილ, ვაზი განჴმეს სიჴმელითა, იფქლთაცა ევნოს. მარტისა განსლვითგან წჳმანი და თოვლნი აღტყდენ და თრთჳლი ფიცხელი. ნაშრომი ბართაჲ კლებულად. ჩრდილნი მთანი სჯობ/დენ. ივლისსა კე წჳმოს და გაჰგუალნეს და სთუელიცა მცირედ ნოტიაჲ. თაფლი და ხუარბალი და ღჳნოჲ ზომად. ხილი უფრო იყოს, თივაჲ ძჳრად. ივნისსა ი მზჱ დაბნელ/დეს და ოკდონბერსა კა მთოვარჱ დაბნელდეს.\n\n16. უკუეთუ იყოს ზედანადები კვ, მას წელ იყოს ზამთარი ცივ, ჴმელ, გრძელ. მარტით კ-თგან თოვლი და წვიმაჲ იყოს. აპრილით ოცითგან წჳმაჲ იყოს და მაისსა ია თოვლი დადვას. წჳმაჲ და სული სიცივისაჲ და ყინელისაჲ იქნას -- მოწყალებამან ღმრთი/სამან ნაყოფი დაიცვას. ღჳნოჲ და ნაშრომი იეფად. ხილიცა იყოს, თაფლიცა იყოს, მაგრა პური და ღჳნოჲ დია. და ოკდონბერსა ი დაბნელდეს მთოვარჱ.","english":"15. If the epact is 15, in that year the winter will be dry, warm; the vine will wither from dryness, and the wheat will also be harmed. From the passing of March, rains and snows will cease, and the hail will be severe. The harvest of the lowlands will be scanty. The highlands will be superior. In July, it will rain and hail, and the wind will be moderate. Honey, fruit, and wine will be moderate. Fruit will be more abundant; hay will be bad. In June, the sun will be eclipsed, and in October, the moon will be eclipsed.\n\n16. If the epact is 26, in that year the winter will be cold, dry, long. From the 20th of March, snow and rain will occur. From the 20th of April, rain will occur, and on the 11th of May, snow will fall. Rain and cold wind and frost will happen—may the mercy of God protect the crops. Wine and harvest will be moderate. Fruit will also be, honey will also be, but bread and wine will be abundant. And in October, the moon will be eclipsed.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ზედანადები","severity":"info","text":"The Georgian term 'ზედანადები' (zedanadebi) corresponds to the Coptic 'epact' (ἐπακταί), the age of the moon at the start of the year, used in computistical and astrological predictions.","cites":[{"key":"ed:petra","label":"source edition: John Petritzi, Minor astrological texts","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcg/cauc/ageo/gelati/petrastr/petra.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"15. / 16.","severity":"info","text":"Passages 15 and 16 follow a consistent pattern: each begins with 'If the epact is X' and lists seasonal weather, crop outcomes, and lunar or solar eclipses, typical of Georgian calendrical-astrological compilations.","cites":[{"key":"ed:petra","label":"source edition: John Petritzi, Minor astrological texts","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcg/cauc/ageo/gelati/petrastr/petra.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"eclipses","severity":"info","text":"The prediction of solar and lunar eclipses (e.g., June sun, October moon) reflects the Byzantine computistical tradition, where epact values were used to forecast eclipses, a practice transmitted through Georgian translations.","cites":[{"key":"ed:petra","label":"source edition: John Petritzi, Minor astrological texts","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcg/cauc/ageo/gelati/petrastr/petra.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"მოწყალებამან ღმრთისამან","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'may the mercy of God protect the crops' (passage 16) introduces a devotional element, showing Christianization of the astrological material, typical of Georgian reception of such texts.","cites":[{"key":"ed:petra","label":"source edition: John Petritzi, Minor astrological texts","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcg/cauc/ageo/gelati/petrastr/petra.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"date numerals","severity":"caution","text":"The Georgian text uses Georgian numerals (e.g., 'იე' for 15, 'კვ' for 26, 'ი' for 10, 'კა' for 21). The English draft interprets 'ი' as 11 in '11th of May' (passage 16), but the Georgian 'მაისსა ია' may mean 'on the 10th of May' or 'on the 11th'; the reading is uncertain.","cites":[{"key":"ed:petra","label":"source edition: John Petritzi, Minor astrological texts","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcg/cauc/ageo/gelati/petrastr/petra.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The Georgian 'მაისსა ია' (passage 16) could be read as 'on the 10th' or 'on the 11th' of May; the English draft takes it as 11th, but the numeral 'ი' is 10, and 'ია' may be a variant or error.","The phrase 'ივნისსა ი მზჱ დაბნელდეს' (passage 15) is ambiguous: 'ი' could be a numeral (10) or a particle; the English draft reads it as 'in June' without a specific day, but the Georgian may intend 'on the 10th of June'."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":8,"ref":"p8","source":"17. უკუეთუ იყოს ზედანადები ჱ, მას წელ ზამთარი იყოს ფიცხელ და გრძელ, ზაფხული იყოს არა კეთილ, წჳმითა შეზავებული. ყოველიფერი ნაშრომი თხელად. გა/ზაფხული ვერ კეთილად მხედველ იქმნას. ყოველიფერი ნაშრომი თხელად იყოს. თივაჲ, ხუარბალი, ღჳნოჲ, დათესული მთათაჲ და ბართაჲ თხელად. თივაჲ უფრო ძჳრად. აპრილსა ვ დაბნელდეს მთოვარჱ და სეკდენბერსა ლ დაბნელდეს მთოვარჱ.\n\n18. უკუეთუ იყოს ზედანადები ით, მას წელ იყოს ზამთარი თოვლიანი, გაზაფ/ხული მსთუაჲ. თრთჳლისაგან ვნებაჲ იყოს, ჯეჯილნი კეთილად იყვნენ. ზაფხული გრილი იყოს. ჰაერი წმიდა, ხილი დიად. არენი ზაფხულისანი ჴმელ იყვნენ. სთუელი შეზავებულ, თაფლი მცირედ, საცხოვართა სრვაჲ იყოს. მარტსა კვ დაბნელდეს მთოვარჱ, დეკენბერსა ით დაბნელდეს მთოვარჱ.\n\n19. უკუეთუ იყოს ზედანადები ლ, მას წელ ზამთარ იყოს თოვლიან, აპრილსა კვ წჳმანი ესე კეთილიანი იყოს. თივაჲ, ხუარბალი, ღჳნოჲ, თაფლი იეფად. მაისსა ჱ თრთჳლმან ავნოს-რე ვენაჴთა. ზამთარი თუცა თოვლიანია, ტფილ იყოს. გაზაფხული წჳმრიანი, სთუელი გრძელი და შეზავებული. თრთჳლმან აგვისტოჲსა ნაშრომნი მოსრნეს. ღჳნოჲ მცირედ. მარტისა იდ დაბნელდეს მთოვარჱ, და სეკდენბერსა იზ დაბნელდეს მთოვარჱ.","english":"17. If the epact is 17, in that year the winter will be hot and long, the spring will be not good, mixed with hail. Every crop will be thin. Spring will not be seen as good. Every crop will be thin. Hay, wheat, wine, the sowing of the mountains and the plains will be thin. Hay will be worse. In April, the moon will darken on the 5th, and in September, the moon will darken on the 30th.\n\n18. If the epact is 18, in that year the winter will be snowy, the spring wet. There will be harm from hail, the legumes will be good. The summer will be cool. The air will be clear, the fruit large. The summer rains will be dry. The autumn will be mixed, the honey little, there will be a plague among cattle. In March, the moon will darken on the 22nd, in December, the moon will darken on the 18th.\n\n19. If the epact is 19, in that year the winter will be snowy, in April the rains will be good. Hay, wheat, wine, honey will be equal. In May, hail will harm the vineyards. Although the winter is snowy, it will be warm. The spring will be rainy, the autumn long and mixed. Hail will destroy the crops of August. The wine will be little. In March, the moon will darken on the 14th, and in September, the moon will darken on the 17th.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"sense","kind":"sense","basis":"text","lemma":"ზედანადები","severity":"info","text":"The term 'ზედანადები' (zedanadebi) is used here to denote the epact number, a key parameter in computistical and astrological prognostication.","cites":[{"key":"ed:petra","label":"source edition: John Petritzi, Minor astrological texts","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcg/cauc/ageo/gelati/petrastr/petra.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"თრთჳლი","severity":"info","text":"The word 'თრთჳლი' (trt'wli) means 'hail' in Old Georgian, a recurring destructive weather element in these prognostications.","cites":[{"key":"ed:petra","label":"source edition: John Petritzi, Minor astrological texts","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcg/cauc/ageo/gelati/petrastr/petra.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"Each entry (17–19) follows a consistent pattern: protasis (epact number), then apodosis describing winter, spring, summer, autumn, crops, and lunar eclipse dates.","cites":[{"key":"ed:petra","label":"source edition: John Petritzi, Minor astrological texts","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcg/cauc/ageo/gelati/petrastr/petra.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"dating","kind":"chronology","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The lunar eclipse dates given (e.g., April 5, September 30 in §17) are schematic and not astronomically precise, typical of medieval computistical tables.","cites":[{"key":"ed:petra","label":"source edition: John Petritzi, Minor astrological texts","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcg/cauc/ageo/gelati/petrastr/petra.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"caution","text":"In §17, the phrase 'გა/ზაფხული' appears with a slash, likely a scribal insertion or correction; the text repeats 'every crop will be thin' twice, possibly a dittography.","cites":[{"key":"ed:petra","label":"source edition: John Petritzi, Minor astrological texts","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcg/cauc/ageo/gelati/petrastr/petra.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"These epact-based predictions derive from Byzantine and Syriac astrometeorological traditions, adapted into Georgian through translations like those attributed to John Petritzi.","cites":[{"key":"ed:petra","label":"source edition: John Petritzi, Minor astrological texts","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcg/cauc/ageo/gelati/petrastr/petra.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The exact meaning of 'ზედანადები' as 'epact' is inferred from context; the term could also be read as 'remainder' or 'excess' in calendrical calculations.","The lunar dates (e.g., '5th' in §17) are given in Georgian numerals but may reflect different calendar systems (Julian vs. local); the precise reference is uncertain."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]}]}