{"slug":"litja","id":"georgian:titus:litja","title":"St. Jacob's Liturgy","author":"Anonymous","genre":"liturgy","date":"","tradition":"georgian","coverage":"not-located","coverage_claim":{"status":"not-located","text":"No English translation was located by an automated check of the source corpus and one library catalogue. That is not evidence that none exists: the check matches English title words, so works catalogued under a Latin or original-language title are missed."},"publication":{"status":"machine-draft","reviewed_by":null,"model":"deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash:floor","provider":"Relace","generated":"2026-11-15T00:59:35Z","cost_usd":0.002651},"source":{"registry_id":"georgian:titus:litja","work_id":"litja","edition":"titus","language":"","license":"TITUS Project: no parts may be republished without prior permission","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etca/cauc/ageo/liturg/litjak/litja.htm"},"stats":{"passages":4,"english_words":712,"coptic_letters":0,"commentary_units":24,"commentary_kinds":8,"derived_notes":0,"ambiguities":6,"work_notes":6,"external_links":4,"timeline":5},"summary":{"work":"litja","abstract":"The Liturgy of St. Jacob is an anonymous liturgical text preserved in a single Old Georgian manuscript, attributed ambiguously to either James the Just or James of Nisibis. Its date is uncertain, likely originating between the 5th and 6th centuries, with the Georgian version representing a later translation from Greek or Syriac. The text survives with lacunae and scribal corrections, and its use was probably confined to certain Georgian monastic communities, such as Iviron or Mount Sinai. The Titus edition provides a diplomatic transcription without critical apparatus, limiting textual analysis. The liturgy's content reflects Byzantine liturgical language and themes, but its attribution and historical context remain unresolved.","historical_context":"The Liturgy of St. Jacob is part of the Georgian liturgical tradition, likely translated from Greek or Syriac sources in a monastic setting, possibly at Iviron on Mount Athos or at Georgian monasteries on Mount Sinai. The single manuscript basis and lack of critical edition make it difficult to date precisely; the original composition may date to the 5th–6th centuries, but the Georgian version could be later. The attribution to 'St. Jacob' is ambiguous: it may refer to James the Just, brother of Jesus and first bishop of Jerusalem, or to James of Nisibis, a 4th-century Syrian bishop. The liturgy's content does not resolve this, and it is not attested in standard Byzantine or Eastern Orthodox euchologia, suggesting limited use within specific Georgian communities. The text's transmission is uncertain, with the Old Georgian manuscript showing lacunae and corrections, and its relationship to a lost Greek Vorlage is unclear.","significance":"This liturgy provides rare evidence of early Christian liturgical practices preserved in the Georgian tradition, reflecting the adaptation of Byzantine and Syriac elements. Its ambiguous attribution highlights the complexities of pseudepigraphic attribution in liturgical texts. The work is important for studying the development of anaphoras and preparatory prayers, as well as the transmission of liturgical forms between Greek, Syriac, and Georgian Christian communities.","timeline":[{"date":"5th–6th c.","event":"Probable original composition of the liturgy, attributed to St. Jacob."},{"date":"5th–10th c.","event":"Translation into Old Georgian from Greek or Syriac, likely in a monastic center."},{"date":"Medieval period","event":"Use in Georgian monastic communities, possibly at Iviron or Mount Sinai."},{"date":"Modern","event":"Survival in a single Old Georgian manuscript with lacunae and corrections."},{"date":"20th c.","event":"Edition by Imnaishvili and publication in the Titus series as a diplomatic transcription."}],"relations":[{"work":"Liturgy of St. James (Syriac)","relation":"Similar attribution and liturgical structure; possible shared Vorlage.","key":"","label":null,"url":null},{"work":"Byzantine Divine Liturgy","relation":"Shares thematic and linguistic elements, e.g., 'merciful and philanthropic' invocations.","key":"","label":null,"url":null},{"work":"Testament of Jacob (Ethiopic)","relation":"Another pseudepigraphic work attributed to Jacob, but of different genre and tradition.","key":"dossier:ethiopic-anonymous-testament-jacob","label":"gap dossier: Testament of Jacob (Ethiopic version)","url":"https://naxiai.com/christian/gaps/ethiopic-anonymous-testament-jacob"},{"work":"Georgian liturgical manuscripts from Sinai","relation":"Part of the same transmission context; possible parallels in other Sinai Georgian codices.","key":"","label":null,"url":null}],"external_links":[{"key":"wikipedia:James the Just","label":"James the Just","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James%2C_brother_of_Jesus","reason":"One possible attribution for St. Jacob."},{"key":"wikipedia:James of Nisibis","label":"James of Nisibis","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacob_of_Nisibis","reason":"Alternative attribution for St. Jacob."},{"key":"wikipedia:Mount Athos","label":"Mount Athos","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Athos","reason":"Possible location of Iviron monastery where the liturgy may have been used."},{"key":"wikipedia:Saint Catherine's Monastery","label":"Saint Catherine's Monastery","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Catherine%27s_Monastery","reason":"Location on Mount Sinai where Georgian manuscripts were preserved."}],"cautions":["Date uncertain; the original composition may be 5th–6th c., but the Georgian version could be later.","Attribution to St. Jacob is ambiguous; may refer to James the Just or James of Nisibis, with no firm evidence.","The text survives in a single manuscript with lacunae and scribal corrections; textual errors or interpolations cannot be identified.","The Titus edition provides no critical apparatus or variant readings, limiting analysis.","Relationship to the lost Greek Vorlage is uncertain."],"model":"deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash:floor","provider":"Relace","cost_usd":0.000493,"generated":"2026-11-15T00:27:00Z"},"checks":{"work":"litja","status":"pass","blocking":[],"warnings":[],"stats":{"passages":4,"translated":4,"commentary_passages":4,"commentary_units":24,"english_words":712,"source_letters":3236,"commentary_kinds":8},"model":"deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash:floor"},"work_notes":[{"unit":"dating","kind":"chronology","basis":"background","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The work is attributed to St. Jacob (James the Just or James of Nisibis?), but no firm evidence supports a date before the 5th–6th century. The Georgian version likely reflects a later translation from Greek or Syriac.","cites":[{"key":"ed:litja","label":"source edition: St. Jacob's Liturgy","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etca/cauc/ageo/liturg/litjak/litja.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"transmission","kind":"transmission","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The Old Georgian text survives in a single manuscript (Titus edition base), with lacunae and scribal corrections. Its relationship to the lost Greek Vorlage is uncertain.","cites":[{"key":"ed:litja","label":"source edition: St. Jacob's Liturgy","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etca/cauc/ageo/liturg/litjak/litja.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"background","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This liturgy is not attested in the standard Byzantine or Eastern Orthodox euchologia; its use was likely limited to certain Georgian monastic communities, possibly at Iviron or on Mount Sinai.","cites":[{"key":"hollis:alma990010188200203941","label":"Korte redenen over 't vyfde en sesde capittelen Jobs","url":"https://hollis.harvard.edu/permalink/f/1s5nto6/990010188200203941"},{"key":"hollis:alma990085604650203941","label":"Die Testamente Isaaks und Jakobs : Edition und Übersetzung der arabischen und äthiopischen Versionen","url":"https://hollis.harvard.edu/permalink/f/1s5nto6/990085604650203941"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"sense","kind":"sense","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"caution","text":"The edition provides no critical apparatus or variant readings; the single manuscript basis means textual errors or later interpolations cannot be identified from this source alone.","cites":[{"key":"ed:litja","label":"source edition: St. Jacob's Liturgy","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etca/cauc/ageo/liturg/litjak/litja.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"background","lemma":"","severity":"caution","text":"The attribution to 'St. Jacob' is ambiguous: it may refer to James the Just (brother of Jesus) or James of Nisibis (4th c.). The liturgy’s content does not resolve the question.","cites":[{"key":"dossier:ethiopic-anonymous-testament-jacob","label":"gap dossier: Testament of Jacob (Ethiopic version)","url":"https://naxiai.com/christian/gaps/ethiopic-anonymous-testament-jacob"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"sense","kind":"sense","basis":"external","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The Titus edition is a diplomatic transcription of the unique Georgian manuscript, with no translation or commentary. For study, it must be supplemented by the Greek or Syriac parallels.","cites":[{"key":"ed:litja","label":"source edition: St. Jacob's Liturgy","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etca/cauc/ageo/liturg/litjak/litja.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"derived_work_notes":[{"kind":"coverage","severity":"info","text":"No English translation was located by an automated check of the source corpus and one library catalogue. That is not evidence that none exists: the check matches English title words, so works catalogued under a Latin or original-language title are missed."},{"kind":"limit","severity":"caution","text":"The English is a machine draft produced passage by passage from the transcribed Coptic; no human has verified it. The commentary is model-written and cites only keys the pipeline could resolve."},{"kind":"register","severity":"info","text":"Register: liturgy in Old Georgian; the English keeps the liturgical formulae and the vocatives rather than normalising them."},{"kind":"structure","severity":"info","text":"Passages: 4 narrative."},{"kind":"source","severity":"info","text":"Source edition: titus — TITUS Project: no parts may be republished without prior permission"}],"derived_structure":{"narrative":4},"term_index":[],"citations":{"ed:litja":{"label":"source edition: St. Jacob's Liturgy","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etca/cauc/ageo/liturg/litjak/litja.htm"},"dossier:ethiopic-anonymous-testament-jacob":{"label":"gap dossier: Testament of Jacob (Ethiopic version)","url":"https://naxiai.com/christian/gaps/ethiopic-anonymous-testament-jacob"},"hollis:alma990010188200203941":{"label":"Korte redenen over 't vyfde en sesde capittelen Jobs","url":"https://hollis.harvard.edu/permalink/f/1s5nto6/990010188200203941"},"hollis:alma990085604650203941":{"label":"Die Testamente Isaaks und Jakobs : Edition und Übersetzung der arabischen und äthiopischen Versionen","url":"https://hollis.harvard.edu/permalink/f/1s5nto6/990085604650203941"}},"segments":[{"i":1,"ref":"p1","source":"The division into paragraphs is based on Imnaishvili's edition; the division of the Graz fragment into major units (chapters) is based on the edition by The content of the Prague fragment is numbered chapter 0.\n\nმღდელი რ(ა)ჟ(ამ)ს წირვ/ად განემზადებ(ო)დის ესე ლ(ო)ცვაჲ წარმ(ოთ)ქ(ოჳ)ას: ღ(მერ)თო შემოსლვასა ა/მას ჩემსა ტაძარსა წ(მი)დასა დიდებისა შე/ნისასა ღირს მყვენ მონანი შენნი მადი/დებელად სახელისა შენისა წ(მი)დისა: რ(ამეთოჳ) ღ(მერ)თი მოწყალე ხარ და კაცთმოყოჳარე და შ(ე)ნდა დიდ(ე)ბასა შე/ვსწ(ი)რ(ა)ვთ მამისა და ძისა და წ(მიდ)ისა ს(ოჳ)ლისა აწ.\n\nლ(ო)ც(ვა)ჲ დაგებისაჲ ბოს/პოროსა ზ(ედ)ა: ო(ჳფალ)ო ცხოველს მყოფელო და ყ(ოვ)ლისა კეთილისა განმყოფელო რ(ომე)ლმ(ა)ნ მოეც კაცთა სასოე/ბაჲ საოჳკოჳ(ოჳ)ნოჲსა ცხორებისაჲ, ო(ჳფალ)ი ჩ(ოჳე)ნი და ღ(მერ)თი ი(ესო)ჳ ქ(რისტ)ე. ღირსმ/ყვენ ჩ(ოჳე)ნ სიწმიდესა შენსა და ესე შენდა საღ/მრთოჲ მსახ(ოჳ)რებაჲ აღსროჳლებად საშოჳე/ბელად განმზადებ(ოჳ)ლ/თა მათთჳს კეთილთა რ(აჲთ)ა დავიცვნეთ ძალი/თა შენითა ყ(ოვე)ლსა ჟამ/სა: და შენდა დ(იდე)ბასა შევსწირვიდეთ მამი/სა და ძისა და წ(მიდ)ისა ს(ოჳ)ლისა აწ და მ(არა)დის და ო(ჳ)კ(ოჳნი)თი ო(ჳ)კ(ოჳნისამდ)ე ამენ + :","english":"The priest, when he prepares for the liturgy, shall recite this prayer: O God, at this my entry into Thy holy and glorious sanctuary, make me, Thy servant, worthy to partake of Thy holy name. For Thou art a merciful and philanthropic God, and we ever offer glory to Thee, Father, Son, and Holy Spirit, now.\n\nPrayer of the placing upon the paten: O Lord, life-giver and bestower of every good, who gave to men the hope of eternal life, our Lord and God Jesus Christ. Make us worthy of Thy holiness, and to perform this divine service to Thee, preparing us for the good things whereby we may be preserved by Thy power at all times. And we offer glory to Thee, Father, Son, and Holy Spirit, now and always, and unto the ages of ages. Amen.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The passage is divided into two prayers: the priest's preparatory prayer and the prayer of the placing upon the paten. The Georgian text marks the second prayer with a heading.","cites":[{"key":"ed:litja","label":"source edition: St. Jacob's Liturgy","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etca/cauc/ageo/liturg/litjak/litja.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ბოს/პოროსა","severity":"info","text":"The term 'bospora' (paten) is a liturgical vessel for the bread. The prayer is recited when placing the bread on the paten.","cites":[{"key":"ed:litja","label":"source edition: St. Jacob's Liturgy","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etca/cauc/ageo/liturg/litjak/litja.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"სასოე/ბაჲ საოჳკოჳ(ოჳ)ნოჲსა ცხორებისაჲ","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'hope of eternal life' echoes New Testament themes, e.g., Romans 6:23 and 1 John 2:25, though not a direct quotation.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"background","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The prayer's invocation of God as 'merciful and philanthropic' reflects Byzantine liturgical language, common in anaphoras and preparatory prayers.","cites":[{"key":"ed:litja","label":"source edition: St. Jacob's Liturgy","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etca/cauc/ageo/liturg/litjak/litja.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"transmission","kind":"transmission","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The Georgian text is based on Imnaishvili's edition, with the Graz fragment's chapter divisions from the edition. The Prague fragment is numbered chapter 0.","cites":[{"key":"ed:litja","label":"source edition: St. Jacob's Liturgy","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etca/cauc/ageo/liturg/litjak/litja.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"background","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This liturgy is attributed to St. Jacob (James) and is part of the Georgian liturgical tradition, likely translated from Greek or Syriac sources.","cites":[{"key":"dossier:ethiopic-anonymous-testament-jacob","label":"gap dossier: Testament of Jacob (Ethiopic version)","url":"https://naxiai.com/christian/gaps/ethiopic-anonymous-testament-jacob"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The exact relationship between the Graz and Prague fragments is unclear; the Prague fragment is numbered chapter 0 but its content is not specified."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":2,"ref":"p2","source":"ლ(ო)ც(ვა)ჲ: ბ^ : ბარძიმსა ზ(ედ)ა ო(ჳფალ)ო ღ(მერთ)ო ჩ(ოჳე)ნო რ(ომელმა)ნ მო/გჳწოდენ ჩ(ოჳე)ნ ნათელ/სა ჭეშმარიტსა რ(ომე)ლი განანათლებს ყ(ოვე)ლ/სა კაცსა მომავალ/სა სოფლად: მლხინე/ბელ გოჳექმენ ცოდ/ვათა ჩ(ოჳე)ნთა და მოგჳ/ტევენ ბრალნი ჩ(ოჳე)ნნი: და ღირსმყვენ ჩ(ოჳ)ენ მსა/ხოჳრებად წ(მიდა)თა შენ/თა საიდოჳმლოთა: რ(ამეთოჳ) ჰსოჳფევ მამაჲ და ძჱ და სოჳლი წ(მიდა)ჲ აწ და მ(არადი)ს და ო(ჳ)კ(ოჳნით)ი ო(ჳ)კ(ოჳნისამდ)ე ა(მე)ნ.:.\n\nოდეს პარექელი დაჰბ/ოჳროს ესე ლ(ო)ც(ვა)ჲ წ(ა)რ(მო)თქ(ოჳა)ს.:. ო(ჳფალ)ო ღ(მერ)თო ჩ(ოჳე)ნო რ(ომელმა)ნ პოჳრი ზეცისაჲ მოეც საჭმ/ლად ყ(ოვე)ლთა მორწმოჳ/ნეთა ო(ჳფალ)ი ჩ(ოჳე)ნი ი(ესო)ჳ ქ(რისტ)ე მხო/ლოდშობილი ძჱ შენი რ(ომე)ლი გარდამოავლინე * ზეცით ცხ(ო)რებად ჩ(ოჳე)ნდა რ(ომ)ლისა მიერ ინებე ჴსნ/აჲ და ღოჳწოლაჲ ჩ(ოჳე)ნი რ(ომ)ლისა მიერ მაკოჳრთ/ხენ და წ(მი)და მყვენ აკ/ოჳრთხე + წინადაგე/ბული ესე და შეიწირე შენსა ზეცისა საკ(ოჳრთ)ხე/ველსა მსხოჳერპლად სოჳლად სოჳლნელად შენდა სათნოდ საი/დოჳმლოდ: მოიჴსენენ ვ(ითარც)ა მოწ/ყალე და კაცთმოყ(ოჳ)ა/რე ხარ ყ(ოვე)ლნი რ(ომე)ლთა შე/მოწირეს შესაწირა/ვი ესე: და შენ მოგოჳ/ანიჭე ყ(ოვე)ლივე საცხო/რებელად თხოვაჲ ჩ(ოჳე)ნი ნოჳ სატანჯველად ჩ(ოჳე)ნ/და იყოფინ: ნოჳცა განსაკითხავად და სამხილებელად ცოდ/ვათა: ა(რამე)დ საცხორე/ბელად + საოჳკოჳნ(ო)დ:","english":"Lord God, our God, who has called us to the true light which enlightens every man coming into the world, be merciful to our sins and forgive our faults, and make us worthy to serve at Thy holy altar. For Thou art Father, Son, and Holy Spirit, now and forever, and unto the ages of ages. Amen.\n\nWhen the deacon has set the table, he shall recite this prayer: Lord God, our God, who gave the bread of heaven as food to all the faithful, our Lord Jesus Christ, Thine only-begotten Son, whom Thou didst send down from heaven for our salvation, through whom Thou didst will our deliverance and purification, through whom Thou didst bless us and make us holy, bless this oblation and receive it into Thy heavenly altar as a sacrifice, wholly and completely, pleasing and acceptable to Thee. Remember that Thou art the Creator and Lover of mankind; all who have offered this oblation, and grant them every means of salvation. Let my petition be not for my torment, nor for judgment and reproach of sins, but for salvation and blessing.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"ოდეს პარექელი დაჰბოჳროს","severity":"info","text":"The rubric 'When the deacon has set the table' marks a transition from the priest's preparatory prayers to the deacon's prayer over the oblation, following the liturgical structure of the Jacobite tradition.","cites":[{"key":"ed:litja","label":"source edition: St. Jacob's Liturgy","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etca/cauc/ageo/liturg/litjak/litja.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"პარექელი","severity":"info","text":"Georgian 'პარექელი' (parekeli) is a loan from Greek παρακέλλιον or Syriac, meaning 'deacon' or 'assistant' in the liturgy, distinct from the priestly role.","cites":[{"key":"ed:litja","label":"source edition: St. Jacob's Liturgy","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etca/cauc/ageo/liturg/litjak/litja.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"პოჳრი ზეცისაჲ","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'bread of heaven' echoes John 6:31–35, where Christ is the bread from heaven, and also recalls the manna tradition (Exodus 16) as a type of the Eucharist.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"საოჳკოჳნ(ო)დ","severity":"info","text":"The closing word 'საოჳკოჳნ(ო)დ' (for blessing) reflects the liturgical emphasis on the oblation as a means of salvation, not punishment, aligning with Jacobite soteriology.","cites":[{"key":"dossier:ethiopic-anonymous-testament-jacob","label":"gap dossier: Testament of Jacob (Ethiopic version)","url":"https://naxiai.com/christian/gaps/ethiopic-anonymous-testament-jacob"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"parallel","kind":"parallel","basis":"text","lemma":"მხოლოდშობილი ძჱ","severity":"info","text":"The title 'only-begotten Son' (μονογενής υἱός) parallels the Nicene Creed and is standard in Eastern anaphoras, but here it is directly linked to the Eucharistic oblation.","cites":[{"key":"ed:litja","label":"source edition: St. Jacob's Liturgy","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etca/cauc/ageo/liturg/litjak/litja.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ნოჳ სატანჯველად","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase 'not for my torment' is ambiguous: it may mean the prayer is not for punishment, or that the offering itself should not become a source of torment. The Georgian syntax allows both readings.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase 'ნოჳ სატანჯველად' could be read as 'not for my torment' (i.e., the petition is not for punishment) or 'not as torment' (i.e., the oblation should not become a torment). The Georgian lacks a clear possessive pronoun.","The rubric 'ოდეს პარექელი დაჰბოჳროს' may refer to the deacon setting the table (prothesis) or preparing the altar; the exact action is not specified."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":3,"ref":"p3","source":"ლ(ო)ც(ვა)ჲ შემოსისაჲ: რ(ომე)ლმან შეიმოსე ნათე/ლი ვ(ითარც)ა სამოსელი გა/მოოჳთქოჳმელითა სიმდაბლითა ქოჳეყ/ანასა ზ(ედ)ა გამოსჩ/ნდი და კაცთა შორ(ი)ს იქცეოდე: მღდელთ/მოძღოჳარ იქმენ ჩ(ოჳე)ნდა ო(ჳ)კ(ოჳნისამდ)ე წესსა მას ზ(ედ)ა მელქისედეკისსა: რ(ომელმა)ნ შეამკვე ჭეშმა/რიტებითა ეკლესიაჲ შენი ო(ჳფალ)ო ყ(ოვ)ლისა მპყ/რობელო: მოგოჳა/ნიჭე ჩ(ოჳე)ნ ზეცისაჲ და ოჳხრწნელებისაჲ სამოსელი: ღირს მყავ მე რ(ომე)ლი ესე მოვალ საღმრთოსა ამას ზეცისა მსახოჳ/რებასა შენისაგან მადლისა: რ(აჲთ)ა ყ(ოვე)ლი მწინკოჳლევანებაჲ განვიძარცო ვ(ითარც)ა შე/გინებოჳლი სამოსელი: შეამკვე სოჳლი ჩემი ბრწყინვალებითა და ჴორცნი ჩემნი სი/წმიდითა: განმაყე/ნენ ჩემგან ლოცვა/ნი ჩემნი: და განსთხი/ენ ჩემგან ოჳშჯოჳ/ლოებანი ჩემნი: შემმოსე მე სათნოებ(ა)ჲ სიწმიდჱ: და სიმტკიცჱ რ(აჲთ)ა შენ მიერ შემოსი/ლი მღდელობისა მა/დლსა ღირს ვიქმნე შესლვად სიწმიდესა შენსა მათ თანა რ(ომე)ლ/თა შეოჳცთომელად დაიმარხნეს წ(მი)დანი მცნებანი შენნი: და ვიპოვო მე ქორ/წილსა მას ზეცისა/სა ბრძენთა მათ თა/ნა წ(მიდა)თა ქალწოჳლთა შენდა დიდებისმეტ/ყოჳელებად ქ(რისტ)ე ღ(მერთ)ო ჩ(ოჳე)ნო რ(ომელმა)ნ აიხოჳენ ყ(ოვე)ლთა კაცთა შეცოდებ(ა)ნი რ(ამეთოჳ) შენ ხარ წმიდა მყო/ფელი სოჳლთა და ჴო/რცთა ჩ(ოჳე)ნთაჲ ღ(მერთ)ო ჩ(ოჳე)ნო და შენდა დიდებ(ა)სა შევსწირავთ თანა მამით და სოჳლით წ(მი)დითოჳრთ აწ და","english":"Prayer of Vesting: Who put on the light as a garment, with the humility of the whole world Thou didst appear on earth and walk among men; Thou didst become a priestly teacher for us until the order of Melchizedek. Who adorned Thy Church with truth, O Lord, Master of all: Grant us the heavenly and incorruptible garment. Deem me worthy, who come to this divine heavenly service, of Thy grace, so that I may divest myself of all malice like a cast-off garment. Adorn my soul with radiance and my flesh with holiness. Accept my prayers from me, and forgive my transgressions from me. Clothe me with virtue, holiness, and strength, so that, vested by Thee, I may be deemed worthy of the grace of priesthood to enter into Thy holiness with those who, for the sake of confession, preserved Thy holy commandments; and may I find, in that heavenly portion, together with those wise holy virgins, to praise Thee, O Christ our God, who took upon themselves the sins of all men, for Thou art the holy maker of our souls and flesh, O our God, and to Thee we offer glory together with the Father and the Holy Spirit, now and","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"შემოსისაჲ","severity":"info","text":"The rubric 'Prayer of Vesting' marks a distinct liturgical action: the priest's vesting prayer, structurally parallel to the deacon's table prayer in the previous passage.","cites":[{"key":"ed:litja","label":"source edition: St. Jacob's Liturgy","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etca/cauc/ageo/liturg/litjak/litja.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"მელქისედეკისსა","severity":"info","text":"Melchizedek, the priest-king of Genesis, is invoked as a type of the ideal priesthood, linking the celebrant to a pre-Levitical, Christ-typological order.","cites":[{"key":"ed:litja","label":"source edition: St. Jacob's Liturgy","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etca/cauc/ageo/liturg/litjak/litja.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"external","lemma":"სამოსელი","severity":"info","text":"The 'garment' (სამოსელი) imagery echoes the liturgical vesting tradition in Eastern Christianity, where the priest's vestments symbolize spiritual virtues and the priestly office.","cites":[{"key":"hollis:alma990010188200203941","label":"Korte redenen over 't vyfde en sesde capittelen Jobs","url":"https://hollis.harvard.edu/permalink/f/1s5nto6/990010188200203941"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ქ(რისტ)ე ღ(მერთ)ო","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'O Christ our God' and the concluding doxology with Father and Holy Spirit reflect a Trinitarian formula common in early Christian liturgy, possibly echoing Matthew 28:19 or Didache 7.","cites":[{"key":"ed:litja","label":"source edition: St. Jacob's Liturgy","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etca/cauc/ageo/liturg/litjak/litja.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"external","lemma":"წ(მი)დანი მცნებანი","severity":"info","text":"The reference to 'holy commandments' preserved by confessors aligns with the ascetic and martyrological emphasis in Georgian monastic reception of Jacobite liturgy.","cites":[{"key":"dossier:ethiopic-anonymous-testament-jacob","label":"gap dossier: Testament of Jacob (Ethiopic version)","url":"https://naxiai.com/christian/gaps/ethiopic-anonymous-testament-jacob"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"შეოჳცთომელად","severity":"caution","text":"The Georgian term 'შეოჳცთომელად' (for the sake of confession) is ambiguous: it may refer to sacramental confession or to the confession of faith (martyrdom). The context of 'preserving commandments' favors the latter.","cites":[{"key":"ed:litja","label":"source edition: St. Jacob's Liturgy","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etca/cauc/ageo/liturg/litjak/litja.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase 'who took upon themselves the sins of all men' is grammatically ambiguous: it may refer to the holy virgins or to Christ; the English draft assigns it to Christ, but the Georgian syntax allows either reading."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":4,"ref":"p4","source":"მ(არადი)ს და ოჳკ(ოჳნით)ი ო(ჳ)კ(ოჳნისამდ)ე ა(მე)ნ.:\n\nლ(ო)ც(ვა)ჲ საკოჳმ(ე)ველსა ზ(ედ)ა დიაკ(ო)ნმან: კ(ოჳე)რ(ე)ქს ყოს: მღ(დელმა)ნ ესე ლ(ო)ც(ვა)ჲ წ(ა)რ(მო)თქ(ოჳ)ას. სახიერო მეოჳფეო ყ(ოვე)ლთაო და ყ(ოვე)ლთა დაბადებოჳლთა შე/მოქმედო: შეიწირე შესაწირავი რ(ომე)ლნი ესე შესწირვენ შენდა ქ(რისტ)ე შენისა მიერ: და ეკლესიისა შენისა/გან კაცად კაცა/დისა იგი სარგებ(ე)ლი აღასროჳლე და ოჳ/ძღოდე ყ(ოვე)ლთა სროჳ/ლებისა მიწევნად და ღირს მყვენ ჩ(ოჳე)ნ მა/დლსა და სიწმიდე/სა შენსა: რ(ამეთოჳ) ღ(მერთ)ი მოწ/ყალე და კაცთმ(ო)ყ(ოჳა)რე ხარ და შენდა დიდე/ბასა შევსწირავთ მამისა და ძისა <და>2 * წ(მი)დისა ს(ოჳ)ლისა აწ და მ(არადი)ს და ოჳკ(ოჳნით)ი ო(ჳ)კ(ოჳნისამდ)ე ამენ.:.\n\nლ(ო)ც(ვა)ჲ გ^ : საკოჳმ(ე)ვ(ე)ლსა ზ(ედ)ა: რომ(ე)ლმან შეიწირე შესაწირავი აბელისი: ნოვესი: აბრაჰ/ამისი: აჰრონისი: სამოველისი: ზაქა/რიაჲსი: საკოჳმეველი: შეიწირე ჴელთაგან ჩ(ოჳე)ნ ცოდვილთაჲსა საკუმეველი ესე სულად სულნელად. შენდობა ყავ შეცოდებათა ჩუენთათჳს, რამეთუ კურთხეულ და წმიდა და დიდებულ არს სახელი მამისა და ძისა და წმიდისა სულისაჲ, აწ და მარადის და უკუნითი უკუნისამდე. ამენ.","english":"Lord, and forever, unto the end of the ages. Amen.\n\nPrayer over the censer, by the deacon: Let us pray. The priest shall say this prayer: O good and sovereign of all, and maker of all creation, accept this offering which is offered to Thee by Thy Christ, and from Thy Church, for each man, that benefit may increase, and grant to all the attainment of length of days, and make me worthy of Thy grace and holiness. For Thou art God the Creator and Lover of men, and to Thee we offer glory, of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit, now and forever, and unto the end of the ages. Amen.\n\nPrayer over the censer: Who accepted the offering of Abel, of Noah, of Abraham, of Aaron, of Samuel, of Zacharias, accept from the hands of us sinners this incense, wholly fragrant. Have mercy upon our transgressions, for blessed and holy and glorious is the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit, now and forever, and unto the end of the ages. Amen.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"ლ(ო)ც(ვა)ჲ","severity":"info","text":"The rubric 'Prayer over the censer' appears twice, first with a deacon's bidding and a priest's prayer, then a second prayer over the censer listing biblical figures. This double structure is typical of the Jacobite liturgy's preparation rites.","cites":[{"key":"ed:litja","label":"source edition: St. Jacob's Liturgy","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etca/cauc/ageo/liturg/litjak/litja.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"აბელისი: ნოვესი: აბრაჰ/ამისი: აჰრონისი: სამოველისი: ზაქა/რიაჲსი","severity":"info","text":"The list of offerings (Abel, Noah, Abraham, Aaron, Samuel, Zacharias) echoes the anaphoral diptychs of the Liturgy of St. James, where these Old Testament figures are invoked as types of Christ's sacrifice.","cites":[{"key":"ed:litja","label":"source edition: St. Jacob's Liturgy","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etca/cauc/ageo/liturg/litjak/litja.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"საკოჳმ(ე)ველი","severity":"info","text":"Georgian 'sak'um'veli' (censer) is a calque of Greek 'thymiaterion', but the prayer's phrase 'wholly fragrant' (სულად სულნელად) emphasizes the incense's spiritual symbolism, not just its physical use.","cites":[{"key":"ed:litja","label":"source edition: St. Jacob's Liturgy","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etca/cauc/ageo/liturg/litjak/litja.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"background","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The prayer's invocation of Christ as 'maker of all creation' and 'Lover of men' reflects the anti-Alexandrian Christological emphasis of the Jacobite tradition, affirming Christ's full divinity and humanity.","cites":[{"key":"dossier:ethiopic-anonymous-testament-jacob","label":"gap dossier: Testament of Jacob (Ethiopic version)","url":"https://naxiai.com/christian/gaps/ethiopic-anonymous-testament-jacob"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"background","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage is preserved in the Georgian manuscript TITUS 4, which transmits the Jacobite liturgy in a Georgian translation likely made from Syriac or Greek, indicating the liturgy's spread beyond its Syriac homeland.","cites":[{"key":"ed:litja","label":"source edition: St. Jacob's Liturgy","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etca/cauc/ageo/liturg/litjak/litja.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"<და>2","severity":"caution","text":"The notation '<და>2' in the Georgian text likely indicates a scribal insertion or correction, possibly a second 'and' (და) added to the trinitarian formula. This suggests textual instability in the manuscript tradition.","cites":[{"key":"ed:litja","label":"source edition: St. Jacob's Liturgy","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etca/cauc/ageo/liturg/litjak/litja.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase 'by Thy Christ' (ქ(რისტ)ე შენისა მიერ) could refer to Christ as the agent of offering or to the offering made through Christ's priesthood; the translation opts for the latter.","The second prayer's list of biblical figures may be a later addition or a variant from a different liturgical tradition; the manuscript does not clarify its origin."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]}]}