{"slug":"khazarzar-theodoretus-of-cyrrhus-interpretatio-in-jeremiam","id":"greek:khazarzar:khazarzar-theodoretus-of-cyrrhus-interpretatio-in-jeremiam","title":"Interpretatio in Jeremiam","title_source":"Interpretatio in Jeremiam","author":"Theodoretus of Cyrrhus","genre":"commentary","date":null,"tradition":"greek","coverage":"not-located","coverage_claim":{"status":"not-located","text":"No English translation could be identified: a language model asked twice could not name one, though it could not rule one out either. That is not proof that none exists — translations in dissertations, recent books and other modern languages are easily missed."},"publication":{"status":"machine-draft","reviewed_by":null,"model":"deepseek/deepseek-v4.1-flash:floor","provider":"Baidu","generated":"2026-11-15T19:24:12Z","cost_usd":0.028682},"source":{"registry_id":"greek:khazarzar:khazarzar-theodoretus-of-cyrrhus-interpretatio-in-jeremiam","work_id":"khazarzar-theodoretus-of-cyrrhus-interpretatio-in-jeremiam","edition":"khazarzar","language":"","license":null,"url":null},"stats":{"passages":236,"english_words":66507,"coptic_letters":0,"source_letters":262639,"commentary_units":0,"commentary_kinds":0,"derived_notes":1,"ambiguities":0,"work_notes":0,"external_links":0,"timeline":0},"summary":{},"links":[],"checks":{"work":"khazarzar-theodoretus-of-cyrrhus-interpretatio-in-jeremiam","status":"pass","blocking":[],"warnings":[],"stats":{"passages":236,"translated":236,"commentary_passages":0,"commentary_units":0,"english_words":66507,"source_letters":261844,"commentary_kinds":0},"model":"deepseek/deepseek-v4.1-flash:floor"},"work_notes":[],"derived_work_notes":[{"kind":"coverage","severity":"info","text":"No English translation could be identified: a language model asked twice could not name one, though it could not rule one out either. That is not proof that none exists — translations in dissertations, recent books and other modern languages are easily missed."},{"kind":"limit","severity":"caution","text":"The English is a machine draft produced passage by passage from the transcribed Greek; no human has verified it. The commentary is model-written and cites only keys the pipeline could resolve."},{"kind":"register","severity":"info","text":"Register: other in ancient Greek; the English keeps the liturgical formulae and the vocatives rather than normalising them."},{"kind":"structure","severity":"info","text":"Passages: 236 narrative."},{"kind":"caution","severity":"caution","text":"1 passage(s) are fragmentary in the source; the English bridges each break and says so in the note."},{"kind":"source","severity":"info","text":"Source edition: khazarzar."}],"derived_structure":{"narrative":236},"term_index":[],"citations":{},"segments":[{"i":1,"ref":"p1","source":"ΤΟΥ ΜΑΚΑΡΙΟΥ ΘΕΟΔΩΡΗΤΟΥ ΕΠΙΣΚΟΠΟΥ ΚΥΡΟΥ ΕΡΜΗΝΕΙΑ ΤΗΣ ΠΡΟΦΗΤΕΙΑΣ ΤΟΥ ΘΕΙΟΥ ΙΕΡΕΜΙΟΥ.\n\nΠΡΟΛΟΓΟΣ.\n\nἘγὼ μὲν ᾤμην τὴν Ἱερεμίου τοῦ θείου προφη τείαν ἑρμηνείας μὴ δεῖσθαι. Ἐπειδὴ δὲ πολλοί με τῶν σπουδαίων ἐπήγγειλαν καὶ ταύτην ἑρμηνεῦσαι τὴν βίβλον, φήσαντες ἀγνοεῖν τοὺς πλείστους τὴν τῆς προφητείας διάνοιαν· τὴν θείαν χάριν γενέσθαι συνεργὸν ἱκετεύσας, πειράσομαι πληρῶσαι τὸ κελευ σθέν. Συντομίας δὲ ὡς ἔνι μάλιστα φροντιῶ· καὶ τῶν μὲν σαφεστέρων παράφρασιν ἐν κεφαλαίῳ ποιήσο μαι· τὰ δέ γε ἐπεξεργασίας δεόμενα ἀναπτύξαι σπουδάσω. Πρῶτον μέντοι τῆς προφητείας τὴν ὑπόθεσιν φράσω.\n\nΤΟΜΟΣ Αʹ.\n\nΠΡΟΘΕΩΡΙΑ.\n\nἸωσίας ὁ βασιλεὺς πατέρα μὲν ἔσχε δυσσεβῆ τὸν Ἀμὼς, καὶ προπάτορα τὸν Μανασσῆ, τῆς τοῦ πα τρὸς δυσσεβείας γεγενημένον διδάσκαλον αὐτὸς δὲ τὴν ἐναντίαν ἐκείνοις ὁδεύσας, τῆς τῶν εὐσεβῶν μερίδος ἐγένετο· ἔσχε δὲ παῖδας, τὴν μὲν τοῦ πα τρὸς οὐ ζηλώσαντας ἀρετὴν, τὴν δὲ τῶν προγόνων μιμησαμένους ἀσέβειαν. Ταῦτα τοίνυν προειδὼς ὁ τῶν ὅλων Θεὸς, ἐν τῷ τρισκαιδεκάτῳ ἔτει τῆς Ἰω σίου βασιλείας προχειρίζεται τὸν προφήτην, καὶ προαγορεῦσαι κελεύει τὰς ἐσομένας τῇ τε πόλει καὶ τῷ λαῷ συμφοράς. Ταῦτα δὲ προθεσπίζων διετέλεσεν, οὐ μόνον τὸν ὑπόλοιπον τοῦ Ἰωσίου χρόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἐπὶ Ἰωάχαζ, ὃς υἱὸς ὢν τοῦ Ἰωσίου τὴν βασιλείαν διεδέξατο, καὶ ἐπὶ Ἰωακεὶμ, ὃς τούτου μὲν ἦν ἀδελφὸς, τοῦ δὲ Ἰωσίου υἱός· καὶ μέντοι καὶ ἐπὶ Ἰεχονίου, ὃς τοῦ μὲν Ἰωακεὶμ υἱὸς ὑπῆρχεν, ἔγγονος δὲ τοῦ Ἰωσίου· ὡσαύτως δὲ καὶ ἐπὶ Σεδε κίου, ὃς καὶ αὐτὸς ἔσχε τὸν Ἰωσίαν πατέρα·","english":"OF THE BLESSED THEODORET, BISHOP OF CYRUS, INTERPRETATION OF THE PROPHECY OF THE DIVINE JEREMIAH.\n\nPREFACE.\n\nI indeed thought that the prophecy of the divine Jeremiah did not need interpretation. But since many of the zealous urged me also to interpret this book, saying that most people are ignorant of the meaning of the prophecy, having besought the divine grace to be my fellow-worker, I shall attempt to fulfill what was commanded. And I shall take thought for conciseness as much as possible; and of the clearer matters I shall make a paraphrase in summary, while those things that need fuller treatment I shall endeavor to unfold. First, however, I shall state the subject of the prophecy.\n\nVOLUME 1.\n\nPREFACE.\n\nJosiah the king had as his father the impious Amos, and as his forefather Manasseh, who had become the teacher of his father's impiety; but he himself, walking the opposite way from them, became of the portion of the pious. He had children who did not emulate the virtue of their father, but imitated the impiety of their forefathers. Foreknowing these things, therefore, the God of all, in the thirteenth year of the reign of Josiah, appoints the prophet and commands him to foretell the calamities that were to come upon the city and the people. And he continued foretelling these things, not only for the remaining time of Josiah, but also in the time of Jehoahaz, who, being a son of Josiah, succeeded to the kingdom, and in the time of Jehoiakim, who was the brother of the latter and son of Josiah; and moreover also in the time of Jeconiah, who was the son of Jehoiakim and grandson of Josiah; and likewise also in the time of Zedekiah, who himself also had Josiah as his father.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":2,"ref":"p2","source":"ὡς εἶναι πάντα τῆς προφητείας τὸν χρόνον δύο καὶ τεσσαράκοντα ἐτῶν, ὀλίγων μηνῶν δέοντα. Προαγορεύει δὲ καὶ τὴν ὑπὸ Βαβυλωνίων γεγενημένην πολιορκίαν, καὶ τὸν ἐπισκήψαντα λιμὸν, καὶ τῆς Ἱερουσαλὴμ τὴν ἀνάστασιν, καὶ τὸν ἐμπρησμὸν τοῦ θείου νεὼ, καὶ τοῦ λαοῦ τὸν ἀνδραποδισμόν. Προθεσπίζει δὲ καὶ τῶν αἰχμαλώτων ἐπάνοδον, καὶ τῶν Βαβυλωνίων τὸν ὄλεθρον, καὶ μέντοι καὶ ἄλλων ἐθνῶν παμπόλλων τὰς παντοδαπὰς τιμωρίας· προλέγει δὲ καὶ τῆς Καινῆς Διαθήκης τὴν δόσιν, καὶ τῆς Παλαιᾶς τὴν παῦλαν, καὶ τῶν ἐθνῶν τὴν κλῆσιν, καὶ τὴν ἐσομένην τῆς οἰκουμένης σωτηρίαν. ΚΕΦΑΛ. Αʹ. αʹ.\n\nΤὸ ῥῆμα τοῦ Θεοῦ, ὃ ἐγένετο ἐπὶ Ἱερεμίαν, τὸν τοῦ Χελκίου, ἐκ τῶν ἱερέων, ὃς κατῴκει ἐν Ἀναθώθ. Διπλῆς ὁ προφήτης μετέλαχε χάριτος, ἱερατικῆς καὶ προφητικῆς· καὶ τὴν μὲν ἐκ τοῦ γένους εἵλκυσε· τὴν δὲ ἐκ τῆς ἄνωθεν ἔλαβε δωρεᾶς. Λέγει δὲ καὶ τὸν χρόνον τῆς προφητείας. βʹ. Ἐν ταῖς ἡμέραις γὰρ, φησὶν, Ἰωσίου υἱοῦ Ἀμὼς βασιλέως Ἰούδα, ἔτους τρισκαιδεκάτου ἐν τῇ βασιλείᾳ αὐτοῦ. Μέμνηται δὲ καὶ τῶν ἑξῆς βεβασιλευκότων, μέχρι τῆς ἐσχάτης πολιορκίας. Εἶτα καὶ τὰ εἰρημένα παρὰ τοῦ Θεοῦ τῶν ὅλων δι δάσκει. δʹ, εʹ. Καὶ ἐγένετο λόγος Κυρίου πρός με, λέγων· Πρὸ τοῦ με πλάσαι σε ἐν κοιλίᾳ, ἐπίσταμαί σε· καὶ πρὸ τοῦ σε ἐξελθεῖν ἐκ μήτρας, ἡγίακά σε. Οὐκ ἄδικος ἡ","english":"so that the whole time of the prophecy is forty-two years, lacking a few months. He foretells also the siege that was made by the Babylonians, and the famine that came upon them, and the destruction of Jerusalem, and the burning of the divine temple, and the enslavement of the people. He prophesies also the return of the captives, and the destruction of the Babylonians, and indeed also the manifold punishments of many other nations; he foretells also the giving of the New Covenant, and the cessation of the Old, and the calling of the nations, and the salvation of the inhabited world that was to come. CHAPTER 1.\n\nThe word of God, which came to Jeremiah, the son of Hilkiah, one of the priests, who dwelt in Anathoth. The prophet partook of a double grace, priestly and prophetic; and the one he drew from his lineage, the other he received from the gift from above. He states also the time of the prophecy. 2. For in the days, he says, of Josiah the son of Amon, king of Judah, in the thirteenth year of his reign. He makes mention also of those who reigned thereafter, up to the final siege. Then he also teaches the things spoken by the God of all. 4, 5. And the word of the Lord came to me, saying: Before I formed you in the womb, I knew you; and before you came forth from the womb, I sanctified you. Not unjust is the","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":3,"ref":"p3","source":"ἐκλογή· προὔλαβε γὰρ ταύτην ἡ γνῶσις. Ἔγνω γὰρ, καὶ τότε ἡγίασεν. Ἐπειδὴ γινώσκει πάντα πρὶν γενέσεως αὐτῶν. Τὸ δὲ ἡγίασα, ἀντὶ τοῦ ἀφώρισα τέθεικεν Εἶτα λέγει καὶ τὴν χρείαν, δι' ἣν αὐτὸν ἐξελέξατο. \"Προφήτην εἰς ἔθνη τέθει κά σε.\" Οὐ γὰρ μόνον τὰ Ἰουδαίων, ἀλλὰ καὶ τὰ τῶν ἄλλων ἐθνῶν προθεσπίζει. ϛʹ. Καὶ εἶπον, ὁ ὢν Δέσποτα Κύριε, ἰδοὺ οὐκ ἐπίσταμαι λαλεῖν, ὅτι νεώτερος ἐγώ εἰμι. Ἐπ έγνω τὸν προσδιαλεγόμενον ὁ προφήτης· οὗ δὴ χάριν αὐτὸν ἀπὸ τῆς κυριωτέρας ὀνομάζει προσηγορίας. Ἐρομένου γάρ ποτε τοῦ μεγάλου Μωσέως, καὶ τὸ θεῖον ὄνομα μαθεῖν ἐθελήσαντος, εἶπεν ὁ Δεσπότης· \"Ἐγώ εἰμι ὁ ὤν.\" Μιμεῖται καὶ τὴν Μωσέως εὐλάβειαν, οὐκ ἀξιόχρεων εἰς προφητείαν εἶναι λέγων τὴν νεότητα. Ἀλλ' ὁ Δεσπότης αὐτὸν παρεγγυᾷ μὴ προβάλλεσθαι εἰς παραίτησιν τὴν νεότητα, ἀλλὰ δράσαι τὸ κελευσθέν. Ἐξελαύνει δὲ αὐτοῦ καὶ τὸ δέος. ηʹ. Μὴ φοβηθῇς γὰρ, φησὶν, ἀπὸ προσώπου αὐτῶν· μηδὲ πτοηθῇς ἐναντίον αὐτῶν. Εἶτα καὶ τοῦ θάρσους τὴν αἰτίαν διδάσκει· \"Ὅτι μετὰ σοῦ ἐγώ εἰμι, τοῦ ἐξαιρεῖσθαί σε, λέγει Κύριος.\" Τοῦτο καὶ τῷ θεσπεσίῳ Μωσῇ εἶπεν ὁ Δεσπότης Θεός· ἐκείνου γὰρ τὴν διακονίαν δειμαίνοντος, καὶ λέγοντος, \"Τίς εἰμι ἐγὼ, ὅτι πορεύσομαι πρὸς Φα ραώ;\" εἶπεν ὁ Δεσπότης, \"Ὅτι ἔσομαι μετὰ σοῦ.\" Ταύτην καὶ τοῖς ἱεροῖς ἀποστόλοις τὴν ἐπαγγελίαν ἐχέγγυον ἔδωκε. Μαθητεῦσαι γὰρ αὐτοὺς πάντα τὰ ἔθνη κελεύσας, καὶ προειδὼς, ὡς Θεὸς, ὡς λογι σμοὶ ἀναβαίνουσιν ἐν ταῖς καρδίαις αὐτῶν, πῶς οἷόν τε ἕνδεκα ἄνδρας πένητας καὶ εὐγλωττίας ἐστερη μένους πᾶσαν τὴν οἰκουμένην μεταβαλεῖν·","english":"election; for foreknowledge preceded this. For he knew, and then he sanctified. Since he knows all things before their coming into being. And the word \"I sanctified\" he has used in place of \"I set apart.\" Then he also states the purpose for which he chose him. \"I have set you as a prophet to the nations.\" For he foretells not only the affairs of the Jews, but also those of the other nations. 6. And I said, \"O Lord, the one who is, behold, I do not know how to speak, because I am young.\" The prophet recognized the one speaking with him; for this very reason he names him by the more authoritative title. For when the great Moses once asked and desired to learn the divine name, the Lord said, \"I am the one who is.\" He imitates also the reverence of Moses, saying that youth is not sufficient for prophecy. But the Lord urges him not to put forward youth as an excuse, but to do what was commanded. He also drives out his fear. 8. \"Do not be afraid,\" he says, \"before their face, nor be dismayed in their presence.\" Then he also teaches the cause of his courage: \"Because I am with you to deliver you, says the Lord.\" This the Lord God also said to the inspired Moses; for when he dreaded his ministry and said, \"Who am I, that I should go to Pharaoh?\" the Lord said, \"Because I will be with you.\" This same promise he gave as a sure pledge also to the holy apostles. For after commanding them to make disciples of all the nations, and foreknowing, as God, how reasonings rise up in their hearts, how is it possible for eleven poor men, deprived of all eloquence, to transform the whole inhabited world—","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":4,"ref":"p4","source":"ἔλυσε τὴν ἀμφιβολίαν, καὶ τὸ δέος ἐξέβαλεν, εἰρηκώς· \"Καὶ ἰδοὺ ἐγὼ μεθ' ὑμῶν εἰμι πάσας τὰς ἡμέρας, ἕως τῆς συντελείας τοῦ αἰῶνος.\" Τοῦτο καὶ ἐνταῦθα τῷ προ φήτῃ ἔφη, ὅτι \"Μετὰ σοῦ ἐγώ εἰμι τοῦ ἐξαιρεῖσθαί σε, λέγει Κύριος.\" Βεβαιοῖ δὲ τὸν λόγον τὸ ἔργον. θʹ, ιʹ. Ἐξέτεινε γὰρ τὴν χεῖρα αὐτοῦ, φησὶ, καὶ ἥψατο τοῦ στόματός μου, καὶ εἶπε Κύριος πρός με· Ἰδοὺ δέδωκα τοὺς λόγους μου εἰς τὸ στόμα σου. Διδάσκει δὲ καὶ τίνες οἱ λόγοι· Ἰδοὺ καθέστακά σε σήμερον ἐπὶ ἔθνη καὶ βασιλείας, ἐκριζοῦν, καὶ κατασκάπτειν, καὶ ἀπολλύειν, καὶ καταλύειν, καὶ ἀνοικοδομεῖν, καὶ καταφυ τεύειν. Προεθέσπισε γὰρ οὐ μόνον τὴν αἰχμαλωσίαν τῶν Ἰουδαίων, ἀλλὰ καὶ τὴν ὑπὸ Κύρου παρασχεθεῖσαν ἐλευθερίαν· προεθέσπισε δὲ καὶ ἄλλοις παμπόλλοις ἔθνεσιν, οὐ μόνον παντοδαπὰς συμφορὰς, ἀλλὰ καὶ τὴν διὰ τῆς ἐνανθρωπήσεως τοῦ Δεσπότου Χριστοῦ παρασχεθεῖσαν σωτηρίαν. Οὗ δὴ χάριν τὸ μὲν ἐκριζοῦν καὶ καταλύειν ἐπὶ τῶν λυπηρῶν τέθεικε· τὸ δὲ οἰκοδομεῖν καὶ καταφυτεύειν ἐπὶ τῶν ἐναντίων. Μετὰ ταῦτα δείκνυσιν αὐτῷ ῥάβδον καρυΐνην, ἢ, κατὰ τὸν Σύρον καὶ τὸν Ἑβραῖον, ἀμυγδαλίνην. Οὕτω γὰρ καὶ οὗτος κἀκεῖνος τὴν ῥάβδον ὠνόμασαν· καὶ ἐρωτηθέντος καὶ ἀποκρινομένου τοῦ προφήτου, τί τὸ ὀφθέν; εἶπε πρὸς αὐτὸν ὁ Δεσπότης· ιβʹ. Καλῶς ἑώρακας, διότι ἐγρήγορα ἐγὼ ἐπὶ τοὺς λόγους μου τοῦ ποιῆσαι αὐτούς. Ἐγρήγορσιν δὲ τὴν ἐπὶ τιμωρίᾳ διανάστασιν, καὶ τὴν μακροθυμίαν ὕπνον καλεῖ. Φησὶ γὰρ ὁ μακάριος Δαβίδ· \"Ἐξεγέρθητι, ἱνατί ὑπνοῖς, Κύριε;\" καὶ πάλιν·","english":"He resolved the ambiguity and cast out fear, having said: \"And behold, I am with you all the days, until the consummation of the age.\" This he also said here to the prophet: \"I am with you to deliver you, says the Lord.\" And the deed confirms the word. 9, 10. For he stretched out his hand, it says, and touched my mouth, and the Lord said to me: Behold, I have given my words into your mouth. And he also teaches what these words are: Behold, I have set you today over nations and kingdoms, to root out, and to pull down, and to destroy, and to overthrow, and to build, and to plant. For he foretold not only the captivity of the Jews, but also the freedom granted by Cyrus; and he foretold to very many other nations as well, not only misfortunes of every kind, but also the salvation granted through the incarnation of the Master Christ. For this reason he placed \"to root out\" and \"to overthrow\" in reference to sorrowful things, but \"to build\" and \"to plant\" in reference to their opposites. After this he shows him a rod of walnut, or, according to the Syrian and the Hebrew, of almond. For thus both this one and that one named the rod; and when the prophet was asked and answered what it was that appeared, the Master said to him: 12. You have seen well, because I have watched over my words to perform them. And he calls \"watching\" the rousing up for punishment, and \"sleep\" the long-suffering. For the blessed David says: \"Awake, why do you sleep, Lord?\" and again:","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":5,"ref":"p5","source":"\"Καὶ ἐξηγέρθη, ὡς ὁ ὑπνῶν, Κύριος.\" Ἡ δὲ ἀμυγδαλίνη ῥάβδος τὸ ταχὺ τῆς τιμωρίας αἰνίττεται· πρὸ γὰρ τῶν ἄλλων δένδρων τοῦτο τὸ δένδρον ἀνθεῖ. Κατὰ δὲ τοὺς Ἐβδομήκοντα, οὕτω νοητέον· Ὁ τῆςκαρύας καρπὸς πικρὸν μὲν ἔχει καὶ τραχὺ τὸ κά λυμμα· τὸ δὲ ἐδώδιμον ὑπὸ τοῦτο κεκρυμμένον. Οὕτω καὶ ἡ παιδεία ἀνιαρὰ μὲν ἔχει καὶ ἀλγεινὰ τὰ φαι νόμενα· ὀνησιφόρα δὲ τὰ μετὰ ταῦτα. Εἶτα δείκνυσιν αὐτῷ καὶ \"λέβητα ὑποκαιόμενον, καὶ τὸ πρόσωπον, αὐτοῦ ἀπὸ προσώπου βοῤῥᾶ·\" καλεῖ δὲ λέβητα μὲν τὴν Ἱερουσαλήμ· πῦρ δὲ, τὸν Βαβυλώνιον, ἀπὸ βοῤῥᾶ γὰρ αὐτὸν ὀνομάζει· βόῤῥα θεν γὰρ τῆς Ἱερουσαλὴμ ἡ Βαβυλὼν διάκειται· λέβητα δὲ τὴν Ἱερουσαλὴμ καὶ ὁ θεσπέσιος Ἰεζεκιὴλ ὀνομάζει· καὶ κρέα τοὺς ἐνοικοῦντας. Εἶτα τὰ παραβολικῶς εἰρημένα διδάσκει\n\nσαφέστερον. ιεʹ. Ἰδοὺ γὰρ, φησὶν, ἐγὼ συγκαλῶ πάσας τὰς βασιλείας τῶν βασιλέων τῆς γῆς ἀπὸ βοῤῥᾶ, λέγει Κύριος· καὶ ἥξουσι, καὶ θήσουσιν ἕκαστος τὸν θρόνον αὑτοῦ ἐπὶ τὰ πρόθυρα τῶν θυρῶν Ἱερουσαλὴμ, καὶ ἐπὶ πάντα τὰ τείχη αὐτῆς, καὶ ἐπὶ πάσας τὰς πόλεις Ἰούδα. Καὶ δεικνὺς τῶν γινομένων τὸ δίκαιον, ἐπιφέρει· ιϛʹ. Καὶ λαλήσω μετὰ κρίσεώς μου πρὸς αὐτοὺς περὶ πάσης τῆς κακίας αὐτῶν, ὡς ἐγκατέλιπόν με, καὶ ἔθυσαν θεοῖς ἀλλοτρίοις, καὶ προσεκύνη σαν τοῖς ἔργοις τῶν χειρῶν αὐτῶν. Τί δὲ τῆς ἀσε βείας ταύτης ἀνοητότερον; Τί δὲ τῆς τιμωρίας δικαιότερον; Οἱ μὲν γὰρ, τὸν οἰκεῖον ποιητὴν καταλι πόντες, τὰ οἰκεῖα ἐθεοποίουν ποιήματα. Ὁ δὲ, μακροθυμήσας ἐπὶ πλεῖστον, τῆς οἰκείας αὐτοὺς ἐγύμνωσε χάριτος. Ταύτης δὲ γυμνωθέντες, ἀνοσίοις ἀνδράσιν ἐδούλευσαν.","english":"And the Lord awoke as one who sleeps.\" The almond rod hints at the swiftness of the punishment; for before the other trees, this tree blossoms. But according to the Seventy, it must be understood thus: the fruit of the walnut has a bitter and rough husk, but the edible part is hidden beneath it. So also instruction has painful and grievous things in what appears, but beneficial things in what follows. Then he shows him also \"a cauldron being heated, and its face from the face of the north\"; and he calls Jerusalem the cauldron, and the Babylonian the fire, for he names him from the north; for Babylon lies to the north of Jerusalem. And the divine Ezekiel also calls Jerusalem a cauldron, and those who dwell in it the meat. Then he teaches more clearly the things said parabolically. 15. For behold, he says, I summon all the kingdoms of the kings of the earth from the north, says the Lord; and they shall come, and each shall set his throne at the entrances of the gates of Jerusalem, and against all its walls, and against all the cities of Judah. And showing the justice of what happens, he adds: 16. And I will speak with my judgment against them concerning all their wickedness, in that they abandoned me, and sacrificed to foreign gods, and worshipped the works of their hands. But what is more foolish than this impiety? And what is more just than the punishment? For they, having abandoned their own Maker, deified their own handiworks. But he, having been long-suffering for the greatest time, stripped them of his own grace. And stripped of this, they served impious men.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":6,"ref":"p6","source":"Κελεύει δὲ τὴν ὀσφὺν περι ζώσασθαι, τουτέστιν, εὐζώνως καὶ ἀνδρείως διακοσμῆσαι· καὶ τῶν ἤδη γεγενημένων ὑποσχέσεων ἀνα μιμνήσκων, ἐκβάλλει τὸ δέος. Λέγει δὲ αὐτὸν ἀποφῆναι καὶ στύλῳ σιδηρῷ, καὶ τείχει χαλκῷ, καὶ ὀχυρωτάτῃ παραπλήσιον πόλει, καὶ ἄμαχον κατα στῆσαι, οὐ μόνον τοῖς ἱερεῦσι τῶν Ἰουδαίων, καὶ τοῖς ἄρχουσιν, ἀλλὰ καὶ αὐτοῖς τοῖς βασιλεῦσι, καὶ παντὶ τῷ πλήθει τῶν ὑπηκόων. Ἐπαγγέλλεται δὲ αὐτῷ οὐκ εἰρήνην καὶ ἡσυχίαν, ἀλλ' ἀγῶνας καὶ νίκην. ιθʹ. Πολεμήσουσι γάρ σοι, φησὶ, καὶ οὐ μὴ δύ νωνται πρός σε· διότι ἐγὼ μετὰ σοῦ εἰμι, τοῦ ἐξαιρεῖσθαί σε, λέγει Κύριος. Ταύτην καὶ πρὸς τὴν Ἐκκλησίαν ἐποιήσατο τὴν ὑπόσχεσιν· πρὸς γὰρ δὴ τὸν θειότατον ἔφη Πέτρον· \"Ἐπὶ ταύτῃ τῇ πέτρᾳ οἰκοδομήσω μου τὴν Ἐκκλησίαν, καὶ πύλαι ᾅδου οὐ κατισχύσουσιν αὐτῆς.\" Οὐκ εἶπεν, Οὐ πολεμήσουσιν· ἀλλὰ, \"Πολεμοῦντες οὐ κατισχύσουσι.\" Τὴν γὰρ δὴ νίκην οἱ ἀνταγωνισταὶ πραγματεύονται.\n\nΚΕΦΑΛ. Βʹ.\n\nΜετὰ ταῦτα κελεύεται εἰπεῖν τοῖς οἰκοῦσι τὴν Ἱερουσαλήμ· αʹ, βʹ. Τάδε λέγει Κύριος· Ἐμνήσθην σοι ἐλέους νεότητός σου, καὶ ἀγάπης τελειώσεώς σου· ἐν τῷ ἐξακολουθῆσαί σε τῷ ἁγίῳ Ἰσραὴλ ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ, ἐν γῇ μὴ σπαρείσῃ, λέγει Κύριος. Νεό τητα τῆς Ἰουδαίας τῆς κλήσεως τὴν ἀρχὴν προσηγό ρευσε· τηνικαῦτα γὰρ αὐτοὶ μὲν ἐν Αἰγύπτῳ ταλαιπωρούμενοι κατεστέναξαν· αὐτὸς δὲ ᾤκτειρε, καὶ Μωσῇ διακόνῳ χρησάμενος, ἠλευθέρωσε· τὸ δὲ \"ἀγάπης τελειώσεώς σου\" κατ' εἰρωνείαν τέθεικεν· οὐδέποτε γὰρ Ἰουδαῖοι περὶ τὸν εὐεργέτην τελείαν ἔσχον ἀγάπην. Τοῦτο δὲ καὶ ὁ ὑμνοποιὸς ἡμᾶς διδάσκει Δαβίδ·","english":"He commands him to gird his loins, that is, to equip himself with a ready belt and manfully; and reminding him of the promises already made, he casts out fear. He says that he made him like an iron pillar and a bronze wall and a most strongly fortified city, and set him up unconquerable, not only against the priests of the Jews and the rulers, but also against the kings themselves and the whole multitude of their subjects. And he promises him not peace and quiet, but struggles and victory. 19. For they shall fight against you, he says, and they shall not be able to prevail against you; for I am with you, to deliver you, says the Lord. This promise he also made to the Church; for he said to the most divine Peter: \"On this rock I will build my Church, and the gates of Hades shall not prevail against it.\" He did not say, They shall not fight; but, \"Fighting, they shall not prevail.\" For the adversaries do indeed pursue victory.\n\nCHAPTER 2.\n\nAfter these things he is commanded to speak to those who dwell in Jerusalem: 1, 2. Thus says the Lord: I remember the mercy of your youth, and the love of your perfection; in that you followed the Holy One of Israel in the wilderness, in a land not sown, says the Lord. He called the beginning of the calling of Judea its \"youth\"; for at that time they groaned, suffering hardship in Egypt, but he had compassion and, using Moses as his servant, set them free. And the phrase \"the love of your perfection\" he has set down ironically; for the Jews never had a perfect love toward their benefactor. And David, our hymn-writer, also teaches us this:","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":7,"ref":"p7","source":"\"Ἠγάπησαν γὰρ αὐτὸν, φησὶν, ἐν τῷ στόματι αὑτῶν, καὶ τῇ γλώσσῃ αὑτῶν ἐψεύσαντο αὐτῷ· ἡ δὲ καρδία αὐτῶν οὐκ ἦν εὐθεῖα μετ' αὐτοῦ, οὐδὲ ἐπιστώθησαν ἐν τῇ διαθήκῃ αὐτοῦ.\" γʹ. Ἅγιος Ἰσραὴλ τῷ Κυρίῳ. Ἀντὶ τοῦ, Ἄνθέν σε τῶν ἄλλων ἐθνῶν προέκρινα, καὶ ἐμὸς λαὸς ἐχρημάτισας. Οὕτω καὶ ὁ μακάριος ἔφη Μωσῆς· \"Καὶ ἐγενήθη μερὶς Κυρίου λαὸς αὐτοῦ Ἰακὼβ, σχοίνισμα κληρονομίας αὐτοῦ Ἰσραήλ.\" –\"Ἀπαρχὴ γεννημάτων αὐτοῦ.\" Πρὸ γὰρ τῶν ἄλλων ἁπάντων αὐτὸν ἐξελέξατο. Οὗ δὴ χάριν καὶ τῷ Φαραὼ ἔφη· \"Υἱὸς πρωτότοκός μου Ἰσραήλ·\" καὶ δι' ἑτέρου δὲ προφήτου φησὶν οὕτως· \"Ὡς σταφυλὴν ἐν ἐρήμῳ εὗρον τὸν Ἰσραὴλ, καὶ ὡς καρπὸν σύκου πρώϊμον εὗρον πατέρας αὐτῶν.\" –\"Πάντες οἱ ἐσθίοντες αὐτὸν πλημμελήσουσι, κακὰ ἐπάξω ἐπ' αὐτοὺς, λέγει Κύριος.\" Οὐδὲ γὰρ ὡς τῷ Θεῷ διακονοῦντες ἐπολέμουν οἱ πολεμοῦντες τῷ Ἰσραήλ· ἀλλ' ὡς αὐτοῦ τοῦ Θεοῦ περιγενήσεσθαι δυνάμενοι. Οὕτω καὶ Σεναχηρεὶμ ἔλεγε· \"Μή σε ἀπατάτω ὁ Θεός σου, ἐν ᾧ σὺ πέποιθας ἐπ' αὐτῷ, λέγων ὅτι Ῥύσεται Κύριος τὴν Ἱερουσαλὴμ ἐκ χειρός μου.\" Τούτου δὴ χάριν καὶ αὐτοῖς ἀπειλεῖ τιμωρίαν. Εἶτα παντί φησι τῷ λαῷ· εʹ. Τί εὗρον οἱ πατέρες ὑμῶν ἐν ἐμοὶ πλημμέλημα, ὅτι ἀπέστησαν ἀπ' ἐμοῦ μακρὰν, καὶ","english":"For they loved him, he says, with their mouth, and with their tongue they lied to him; but their heart was not upright with him, nor were they faithful in his covenant. 3. Israel is holy to the Lord. That is, I chose you before the other nations, and you were accounted my people. So also the blessed Moses said: And his people Jacob became the portion of the Lord, the cord of his inheritance, Israel. —The firstfruits of his produce. For before all others he chose him. For this reason he also said to Pharaoh: Israel is my firstborn son; and through another prophet he says thus: As a grape in the desert I found Israel, and as the early fruit of a fig I found their fathers. —All who eat him shall transgress; I will bring evils upon them, says the Lord. For those who warred against Israel did not fight as those serving God, but as those who thought they could prevail over God himself. So also Sennacherib said: Let not your God in whom you trust deceive you, saying that the Lord will deliver Jerusalem out of my hand. For this reason he threatens punishment upon them. Then he says to all the people: 5. What transgression did your fathers find in me, that they stood aloof from me far off, and","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":8,"ref":"p8","source":"ἐπορεύ θησαν ὀπίσω τῶν ματαίων, καὶ ἐματαιώθησαν; Τίς ὑμνῆσαι πρὸς ἀξίαν ἱκανὸς τὴν τοῦ Δεσπότου φιλανθρωπίαν; Οὐ γὰρ ὡς κριτὴς κρίνει, ἀλλ' ὡς ὑπεύθυνος ἀπολογίαν προσφέρει, καὶ ἐλεγχθῆναι βούλεται εἴ τι πράξαι δέον οὐκ ἔπραξε· καὶ Θεὸς ὢν πανάγιος, ἀνθρώποις παρανόμοις λέγει· Τί ἐξήμαρτον; Τί ἠδίκησα; Εἴπατε, ἐλέγξατε. Τί ἔχοντες ἐγκαλεῖν οἱ πατέρες ὑμῶν ἐμὲ μὲν τὸν εὐεργέτην ἐγκατέλιπον, τοῖς δὲ χειροποιήτοις εἰδώλοις ἐδού λευσαν; Καὶ μὴν ἐγὼ τῆς Αἰγυπτίων δουλείας ἀπήλ λαξα· καὶ δι' ἀβάτου μὲν ὡδήγησα γῆς, ἐν ἐρήμῳ δὲ ἀνύδρῳ ἀφθόνων ὑδάτων ῥεῖθρον ἐδωρησάμην, εἰς δὲ τὴν ἐπηγγελμένην εἰσήγαγον γῆν, παντοδαπῶν οὖσαν μητέρα καρπῶν. Διὰ γὰρ τοῦ Καρμήλου πᾶσαν τὴν τῆς ἐπαγγελίας παρεδήλωσε γῆν· ἀλλ' οὐδὲ τούτων ἀπολαύσαντες τὸν εὐεργέτην ἐπέγνωτε· ἀλλὰ τὴν τῶν πατέρων ἐμιμήσασθε βδελυρίαν. Εἶτα κατὰ διαίρεσιν ἑκάστου τάγματος τὴν κατηγορίαν εἰσφέρει. ηʹ. Οἱ ἱερεῖς οὐκ εἶπον· Ποῦ ἐστι Κύριος; Τοῦτο πάντων ἀνοσιώτατον· τὸ τοὺς ποδηγοὺς ἀρχηγοὺς γενέσθαι τῆς πλάνης. \"Καὶ οἱ ἀντεχόμενοι τοῦ νόμου οὐκ ἠπίσταντό με.\" Τῶν γραμματέων καὶ διδασκάλων ἐνταῦθα κατηγορεῖ, ὡς ἑρμηνευόντων μὲν τὸν νόμον, πρώτων δὲ τοῦτον παραβαινόντων. \"Καὶ οἱ ποιμένες ἠσέβουν εἰς ἐμέ.\" Τοὺς βασιλέας οὕτως ὠνόμασε. \"Καὶ οἱ προφῆται προεφήτευον ἐν τῷ Βάαλ.\" Προφήτας τοὺς ψευδοπροφήτας καλεῖ, ὥσπερ αὖ καὶ θεοὺς τοὺς οὐκ ὄντας θεούς. \"Καὶ ὀπίσω τοῦ ἀνωφελοῦς ἐπορεύθησαν. \"Ἔδειξε τὴν τῆς παραπληξίας ὑπερβολήν· καταλιπόντες γὰρ τὸν τῶν παντοδαπῶν ἀγαθῶν χορηγὸν, τοῖς ἐπιζημίοις εἰδώλοις ἐλάτρευον. θʹ.","english":"They went after vain things, and became vain. Who is sufficient to hymn the Master's love for humanity as it deserves? For he does not judge as a judge, but as one accountable he offers a defense, and he wishes to be convicted if he has not done something that ought to be done; and being God, all-holy, he says to lawless men: In what have I sinned? In what have I done wrong? Speak, convict me. What did your fathers have to charge against me, that they abandoned me, their benefactor, and enslaved themselves to handmade idols? And yet I delivered them from the slavery of the Egyptians; and I led them through an impassable land, and in a waterless desert I granted them a stream of abundant waters, and I brought them into the promised land, which is the mother of fruits of every kind. For through Carmel he indicated the whole land of the promise; but not even after enjoying these things did you recognize your benefactor; but you imitated the abomination of your fathers. Then, by the division of each order, he brings the accusation. 8. The priests did not say: Where is the Lord? This is the most impious thing of all: that the guides became leaders of error. \"And those who clung to the law did not know me.\" Here he accuses the scribes and teachers, as interpreting the law but being the first to transgress it. \"And the shepherds were impious against me.\" He has named the kings thus. \"And the prophets prophesied in Baal.\" He calls the false prophets prophets, just as again he calls those who are not gods gods. \"And they went after the unprofitable one.\" He showed the excess of their derangement; for abandoning the provider of goods of every kind, they served the harmful idols. 9.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":9,"ref":"p9","source":"Διὰ τοῦτο ἔτι κριθήσομαι πρὸς αὐτοὺς, λέγει Κύριος· καὶ πρὸς τοὺς υἱοὺς τῶν υἱῶν κριθήσομαι. Ἐπιμένει τῇ μετριότητι· οὐ γὰρ εἶπε· Κρινῶ ὑμᾶς καὶ τοὺς ὑμετέρους ἀπογόνους· ἀλλὰ, Κριθήσομαι καὶ πρὸς ὑμᾶς, καὶ πρὸς ἐκείνους· ἀντὶ τοῦ, Δικάσομαι, καὶ ἐλέγξω παρανομοῦντας. Δεικνὺς δὲ τὴν τῆς παρανομίας ὑπερβολὴν, τὴν τῶν ἐθνῶν ἐξετάσαι πολιτείαν παρακελεύεται, τῶν τε ἑσπερίων καὶ τῶν ἑῴων, καὶ γνῶναι εἴ τινες ἐκείνων ἤμειψαν τοὺς πατρῴους θεούς· καλεῖ δὲ Χεττιεὶμ μὲν τὴν Κύπρον, καὶ τὰς περὶ αὐτὴν νήσους, καὶ δι' αὐτῶν τὰ ἑσπέρια μέρη· Κηδὰρ δὲ, τοὺς τὴν πρὸς ἥλιον ἀνίσχοντα ἔρημον οἰκοῦντας· διὰ δὲ τού των, τὰ ἑῷα μέρη αἰνίττεται· καὶ διδάσκει ὡς ἐκεῖ νοι μὲν τοῖς πατρῴοις ἠκολούθησαν ἔθεσι, καὶ οὒς ἐδιδάχθησαν σέβειν θεούς· οὗτοι δὲ τὸν ὄντως Θεὸν ἠρνήθησαν. Διὰ τοῦτο τὸν οὐρανὸν ἐκστῆναι ἔφη, καὶ φρίξαι τὴν γῆν· οὐκ ἐπειδὴ λογικὰ τὰ στοιχεῖα· ἀλλ' ὅτι ταῦτα, ὡς περιεκτικὰ τῆς κτίσεως, εἰς μαρτυρίαν μακάριος ἐκάλεσε Μωσῆς. \"Πρόσεχε γὰρ, ἔφη, οὐρανὲ, καὶ λαλήσω· καὶ ἀκουέτω γῆ ῥήματα ἐκ στόματός μου.\" γʹ. Ὅτι δύο καὶ πονηρὰ ἐποίησεν ὁ λαός μου· ἐμὲ μὲν ἐγκατέλιπον πηγὴν ὕδατος ζωῆς, καὶ ὤρυξαν ἑαυτοῖς λάκκους συντετριμμένους, οἳ οὐ δυνήσονται ὕδωρ συσχεῖν. Λάκκους συν τετριμμένους τὰ εἴδωλα προσηγόρευσεν. Ὁ γὰρ λάκ κος χειροποίητος μέν ἐστιν, ἀναβλύζον δὲ ὕδωρ οὐκ ἔχει· τὸ δὲ ἐκ νεφῶν τικτόμενον, καὶ ἔνθεν κἀκεῖθεν συναθροιζόμενον δέχεται· εἰ δὲ καὶ διεῤῥωγὼς ᾖ καὶ συντετριμ μένος, παραυτίκα τὸ ἐξ οὐρανοῦ συνειλεγμένον ἀπόλ λυσι· Τοιαύτη τῶν εἰδώλων ἡ φύσις.","english":"Therefore I will yet enter into judgment with them, says the Lord, and with the sons of their sons I will enter into judgment. He persists in his gentleness; for he did not say, I will judge you and your descendants, but, I will enter into judgment both with you and with those; instead of, I will try the case, and I will convict them of transgressing the law. And showing the excess of their lawlessness, he urges them to examine the way of life of the nations, both of the western and of the eastern, and to know whether any of those changed their ancestral gods; and he calls Cyprus, and the islands around it, and through them the western parts, Chettieim; and Kedar, those who inhabit the desert toward the rising sun; and through these he hints at the eastern parts; and he teaches that those men followed their ancestral customs, and the gods they were taught to worship; but these men denied the true God. Therefore he said that the heaven was astonished, and the earth shuddered; not because the elements are rational, but because these things, as containing the creation, blessed Moses called to witness. \"For attend, he said, O heaven, and I will speak; and let the earth hear the words out of my mouth.\" 3. For my people did two evil things: they forsook me, the fountain of the water of life, and dug for themselves broken cisterns, which will not be able to hold water. He called the idols broken cisterns. For the cistern is handmade, and it does not have water welling up; but it receives what is born from the clouds and gathered from here and there; and if it is also cracked and broken, it immediately destroys what has been collected from heaven. Such is the nature of idols.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":10,"ref":"p10","source":"Ἐρανίζεται μὲν γὰρ τὴν ὑπόστασιν ἐξ ὕλης καὶ τέχνης· ὃ δὲ παρὰ τού των κομίζεται κάλλος, ἀφαιρεῖται ὁ χρόνος· ὁ δὲ ἀληθῶς Θεὸς, ζωῆς ἀεννάου πηγή. Εἶτα κατ' ἐρώτησιν· ιδʹ, ιεʹ. Μὴ δοῦλός ἐστιν Ἰακὼβ, ἢ οἰκογενής ἐστιν Ἰσραήλ; Διατί εἰς προνομὴν ἐγένετο; Ἐπ' αὐτὸν ὠρύοντο λέοντες. Ὅτι, φησὶ, τῆς Αἰγυπτίων ἠλευθερώθη δουλείας, ἅπαντες ἔγνωσαν· ὅτι δὲ καὶ καθ' ἑαυτὸν ἐπολιτεύετο τῆς ἐμῆς ἀπολαύων προνοίας, δῆλον ἦν ἅπασι. Περιφανὴς γὰρ ἦν καὶ περίβλεπτος. Τί τοίνυν τῆς αἰχμαλωσίας τὸ αἴτιον; Τί δή ποτε τοῖς ἐπιοῦσιν αὐτῷ βασιλεῦσιν ἐγένετο πρόχειρος; Λέοντας γὰρ τοὺς βασιλέας ὠνό μασε. Τούτους λέγει καὶ τὴν γῆν αὐτοῦ διχάσαι, καὶ τὰς\n\nπόλεις ἐμπρῆσαι. Ταῦτα δὲ οὐ μόνον ὑπὸ Ἀσσυρίων πεπόνθατε· ἀλλὰ καὶ ὑπὸ Αἰγυπτίων. Ἔτι γάρ φησιν· ιϛʹ. Υἱοὶ Μέμφεως καὶ Τάφνας ἔγνωσάν σε, καὶ κατέπαιξάν σου. Οἱ τὰ πολυθρύλλητα ἐκεῖνα σοῦ χάριν ὑπομείναντες· οὓς τὸ τελευταῖον τῷ θαλατ τίῳ βυθῷ παραδέδωκα. Εἶτα τῆς ἀσθενείας τὴν αἰτίαν διδάσκει· ιζʹ. Οὐχὶ ταῦτα ἐποίησέ σοι τὸ καταλιπεῖν σε ἐμέ; λέγει Κύριος ὁ Θεός σου. Ἔπειτα καὶ σημαίνει τὴν ἀρχὴν τῆς ἀποστασίας. \"Ἐν τῷ καιρῷ ἄγοντός σε ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ.\" Εὐθὺς γὰρ Αἰγυπτίων ἀπαλλα γεὶς, ἐμὲ μὲν ἐγκατέλιπες, τὸν δὲ μόσχον ἐθεο ποίησας. ιηʹ. Καὶ νῦν τί σοι καὶ τῇ ὁδῷ Αἰγύπτου, τοῦ πιεῖν ὕδωρ Γηῶν; Καὶ τί σοι καὶ τῇ ὁδῷ Ἀσσυρίων, τοῦ πιεῖν ὕδωρ ποταμῶν; Ἡνίκα ὑπὸ Σύρων ἐπολεμοῦντο, τοὺς Ἀσσυρίους εἰς συμμαχίαν ἐκάλεσαν· ὅτε δὲ Ἀσσύριοι αὐτοῖς ἐπεστράτευσαν, πρὸς Αἰγυπτίους κατέφυγον· Γηῶν γὰρ τὸν Νεῖλον καλεῖ. ιθʹ.","english":"For its substance is derived from matter and craft, but the beauty it receives from these things time takes away; the true God, however, is a fountain of everlasting life. Then, in the form of a question: 14, 15. Is Jacob a slave, or is Israel a houseborn servant? Why has he become a prey? Lions roared against him. Because, he says, he was freed from the slavery of the Egyptians, all knew; and that he also lived by himself, enjoying my providence, was clear to all. For he was conspicuous and admired. What, then, is the cause of the captivity? Why ever did he become easy prey for the kings who came against him? For he called the kings lions. These, he says, also divided his land and burned the cities. But you have suffered these things not only at the hands of the Assyrians, but also at the hands of the Egyptians. For he says further: 16. The sons of Memphis and Tahpanhes knew you and mocked you. Those who for your sake endured those much-vaunted things, whom in the end I handed over to the sea's deep. Then he teaches the cause of their weakness: 17. Did not these things do this to you—your forsaking me? says the Lord your God. Then he also indicates the beginning of the apostasy: \"In the time when he led you in the wilderness.\" For immediately, once you were released from the Egyptians, you forsook me and made the calf your god. 18. And now what have you to do with the way of Egypt, to drink the water of Gihon? And what have you to do with the way of the Assyrians, to drink the water of rivers? When they were being warred against by the Syrians, they called the Assyrians to their aid; but when the Assyrians marched against them, they fled to the Egyptians; for he calls the Nile Gihon. 19.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":11,"ref":"p11","source":"Παιδεύσει σε ἡ ἀποστασία σου, καὶ ἡ κα κία σου ἐλέγξει σε· καὶ γνῶθι, καὶ ἴδε, ὅτι πι κρὸν καὶ πονηρόν σοι τὸ καταλιπεῖν σὲ ἐμὲ, λέγει Κύριος ὁ Θεός σου. Καὶ οὐκ εὐδόκησα ἐπὶ σοὶ, λέγει Κύριος ὁ Θεός σου. Ἐμὲ, φησὶν, εἰς συμμαχίαν οὐκ ἐκάλεσας, ἀλλ' ἐκείνους. Διὰ τοῦτο ἐκείνοις σε παρέδωκα. Τοιοῦτό τι πεπόνθασι καὶ οἱ τὸν Σω τῆρα σταυρώσαντες· ἀρνηθέντες γὰρ αὐτὸν, ἔλεγον μὴ ἔχειν βασιλέα εἰ μὴ Καίσαρα, οὗ δὴ χάριν αὐτοὺς Καίσαρι παραδέδωκεν. κʹ. Ὅτι ἀπ' αἰῶνος συνέτριψας τὸν ζυγόν σου, καὶ διέῤῥηξας τοὺς δεσμούς σου, καὶ εἶπας· Οὐ δουλεύσω σοι. Ἀρχαιότροπα δέ σου τὰ ἐπιτηδεύ ματα· ἄνωθεν γὰρ συνέτριψας τὸν τοῦ νόμου ζυγὸν, καὶ τοῖς τῶν παρανόμων ἐθνῶν ἠκολούθησας ἔθεσι. Καὶ τοὺς βωμοὺς καὶ τὰ ἄλση τῆς κατὰ νόμον πολι τείας προὐτίμησας. καʹ. Ἐγὼ δὲ ἐφύτευσά σε ἄμπελον καρπο φόρον, πᾶσαν ἀληθινήν. Οὐχ ἁπλῶς δὲ τὸ \"πᾶ σαν\" προστέθεικεν· ἀλλ' ἐπειδὴ ἦσαν ἐν αὐτοῖς εὐσεβεῖς ἄνδρες, οἵ τε θεῖοι προφῆται, καὶ οἱ τούτοις ἑπόμενοι· ἀντὶ τοῦ, Πάντας ὑμᾶς ἐβουλόμην εἶναι τοιούτους, πάντων γὰρ ἴσως ἐπεμελήθην. \"Πῶς ἐστράφης μοι εἰς πικρίαν ἡ ἄμπελος ἡ ἀλλο τρία;\" Εἰ διέμεινεν ἀληθινὴ, οὐκ ἂν ἦν ἀλλο τρία· ἐπειδὴ δὲ εἰς πικρίαν μετεβλήθη, οὐκέτι ἀληθινὴ, ἀλλ' ἀλλοτρία καλεῖται. Οὕτω καὶ ὁ μέγας ἔφη Μωσῆς· \"Ἐκ γὰρ ἀμπέλου Σοδόμων ἡ ἄμπελος αὐτῶν, καὶ ἡ κληματὶς αὐτῶν ἐκ Γομόῤῥας· ἡ σταφυλὴ αὐτῶν, σταφυλὴ χολῆς, βότρυς πικρίας αὐτῶν.\" Ὅθεν καὶ χολὴν τῷ Δεσπότῃ προσήνεγκαν.","english":"Your apostasy will discipline you, and your wickedness will convict you; and know and see that it is bitter and evil for you to have forsaken me, says the Lord your God. And I did not take pleasure in you, says the Lord your God. Me, he says, you did not call upon for alliance, but those others. Therefore I handed you over to them. Those who crucified the Savior suffered something of this sort; for having denied him, they said they had no king but Caesar, for which reason he handed them over to Caesar. 20. For from of old you broke your yoke and burst your bonds, and you said, I will not serve you. Your practices are of ancient fashion; for from the beginning you broke the yoke of the law and followed the customs of the lawless nations. And you preferred the altars and groves to the constitution according to the law. 21. But I planted you as a fruitful vine, wholly true. He did not add \"wholly\" without reason, but because there were among them pious men, both the divine prophets and those who followed them; instead of saying, I wished all of you to be such, for I took care of all equally. \"How have you turned to bitterness for me, the vine that is alien?\" If it had remained true, it would not have been alien; but since it was changed into bitterness, it is no longer true, but is called alien. Thus also the great Moses said: \"For their vine is from the vine of Sodom, and their branch is from Gomorrah; their grape is a grape of gall, their cluster of bitterness.\" Hence they also offered gall to the Master.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":12,"ref":"p12","source":"Ἀλλ' ἐπειδὴ τὴν θείαν ἐξύβρισαν φυτουργίαν, καὶ εἰς πικρίαν ἐστρά φησαν, καὶ ἀντὶ σταφυλῆς ἀκάνθας ἐβλάστησαν, ὁ ἐξ αὐτῶν κατὰ σάρκα Χριστὸς ἄμπελον αὐτὸν ἀληθι νὴν ὀνομάζει, λέγων· \"Ἐγώ εἰμι ἡ ἄμπελος ἡ ἀλη θινή·\" τοὺς δὲ εἰς αὐτὸν πεπιστευκότας \"κλήματα\" προσηγόρευσεν. κβʹ. Ἐὰν ἀποπλύνῃ ἐν νίτρῳ, καὶ πληθύνῃς σεαυτῇ πόαν, κεκηλίδωσαι ἐν ταῖς ἀδικίαις σου ἐναντίον μου, λέγει Κύριος. Πόαν τὰ ἀπὸ γῆς φυόμενα ῥύμματα ὀνομάζει· καὶ διδάσκει τρο πικῶς διὰ τούτων, ὡς τὰ κατὰ νόμον περιῤῥαντήρια ἀπαλλαγὴν ἁμαρτημάτων οὐ πραγματεύεται· ἀλλ' εἰλικρινὴς μεταμέλεια, καὶ πονηρίας ἀπαλλαγή. Μετὰ ταῦτα τὴν ἀναίδειαν αὐτῆς ἐξελέγχει. κγʹ. Πῶς ἐρεῖς· Οὐκ ἐμιάνθην, καὶ ὀπίσω τῆς Βάαλ οὐκ ἐπορεύθην; Εἶτα τὸ προφανὲς τῆς ἀσε βείας δείκνυσιν· \"Ἴδε τὰς ὁδούς σου ἐν τῷ πολυανδρίῳ, καὶ γνῶθι τί ἐποίησας.\" Πολυάνδριον καλεῖ τὸ τῶν μνημάτων χωρίον. Ἐν ἐκείνῳ δὲ τοὺς υἱοὺς καὶ τὰς θυγατέρας τοῖς εἰδώλοις κατέκαιον. \"Ὀψὲ φωνῇ αὐτῆς ὠλόλυζε.\" Τὸ ὀψὲ ἀντὶ τοῦ βραδέως τέθεικε· μετὰ τὴν πεῖραν, φησὶ, τῶν ἀλγεινῶν, τῆς παρανομίας αἴσθησιν ἔλαβε. Τοῦτο καὶ μετὰ ταῦτα ὁ προφήτης φησὶ, τὰς δέκα φυλὰς ὀδυρομένας ὑποδεικνὺς, καὶ λεγούσας· \"Ὕστερον αἰχμαλωσίας μετενόησα.\" κδʹ. Τὰς ὁδοὺς αὑτῆς ἐπλάτυνεν ἐφ' ὕδατα ἐρήμου. Διὰ τοῦ ἐπλάτυνε, τὴν ἀπληστίαν τῆς ἀσε βείας ἐδίδαξεν. Ὕδατα δὲ ἐρήμου τὰ εἴδωλα προσ ηγόρευσεν, ὡς ἐρημοποιὰ, καὶ πανωλεθρίας πρόξενα. \"Ἐν ἐπιθυμίαις ψυχῆς αὑτῆς ἐπνευματοφορεῖτο.\" Ἃ γὰρ ἀκούειν ἠβούλοντο, ταῦτα οἱ","english":"But since they insulted the divine planting and turned to bitterness, and instead of grapes sprouted thorns, the Christ who came from them according to the flesh calls himself a true vine, saying: \"I am the true vine\"; and those who have believed in him he named \"branches.\" 22. If you wash yourself with natron, and multiply for yourself plants, you are stained in your iniquities before me, says the Lord. He calls \"plants\" the filth that grows from the earth; and he teaches figuratively through these things that the sprinklings according to the law do not procure release from sins, but rather sincere repentance and departure from wickedness. After this he exposes her shamelessness. 23. How will you say: I have not been defiled, and I have not gone after Baal? Then he shows the manifest nature of her impiety: \"See your ways in the burial-place, and know what you have done.\" He calls the place of tombs a \"burial-place.\" And there they used to burn their sons and daughters to idols. \"Late with her voice she howled.\" He has used \"late\" in place of \"slowly\"; after the experience, he says, of grievous things, she came to a perception of her lawlessness. This the prophet also says after these things, indicating the ten tribes lamenting and saying: \"After the captivity I repented.\" 24. She widened her ways upon the waters of the desert. By \"widened\" he taught the insatiability of her impiety. And he called the idols \"waters of the desert,\" as making desolate and bringing about utter destruction. \"In the desires of her soul she was carried about by the spirit.\" For the things they wished to hear, these the","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":13,"ref":"p13","source":"ψευδοπροφῆται προλέγειν προσεποιοῦντο. Τὸ γὰρ \"ἐπνευματοφο ρεῖτο\" περὶ τῶν ψευδοπροφητῶν τέθεικε. \"Παρεδό θη τίς ἐπιστρέψει αὐτήν;\" Θεοῦ γὰρ παραδεδωκότος, τίς ἐπαρκέσει; Οὕτω καὶ διὰ τοῦ μεγάλου Μωσέως φησί· \"Πάντες οἱ ζητοῦντες αὐτὴν, οὐ κοπιάσουσιν· ἐν τῇ ταπεινώσει αὐτῆς εὑρήσουσιν αὐτήν.\" Εὐχείρωτοι γὰρ ἐγένοντο, τὴν ἀσέβειαν ἀσπασάμενοι. Μετὰ ταῦτα διδάσκει, ὅτι πολλάκις συμβουλευθεῖσα τῆς βλαβερᾶς ἀποστῆναι πορείας, ἐθρασύνετο ἄντικρυς, τὴν ἀποστασίαν ὁμολογοῦσα. Ἀλλὰ διὰ τοῦτο αἰσχύνῃ αὐτοὺς, φησὶ, περιβαλῶ πάν τας ὁμοῦ, καὶ βασιλέας, καὶ ἄρχοντας, καὶ ἱερέας, καὶ τοὺς τὰ ψευδῆ προφητεύοντας· καὶ ἀπεικασθή σονται κλέπτῃ ἐπ' αὐτοφώρῳ ἁλόντι, καὶ σφόδρα ἐρυθριῶντι. Τοὺς μὲν γὰρ ἐκ ξύλου καὶ λίθου κατα σκευαζομένους θεοὺς, πατέρας ὠνόμαζον καὶ γεννήτορας· ἐμοὶ δὲ τὰ νῶτα ἔδωκαν, καὶ ὡς ἐχθρὸν ἀπεστράφησαν. \"Καὶ ἐν τῷ καιρῷ τῶν κακῶν αὑτῶν ἐροῦσιν· Ἀνάστα, καὶ σῶσον ἡμᾶς.\" Τοῦτο μάλιστα ἀναιδείας ἐσχάτης, τὸ ἀπολαύοντας μὲν τῶν ἀγαθῶν ἀχαριστίαν νοσεῖν· σπανίζοντας δὲ, τούτων αἰτεῖν τὴν μετάληψιν. Εἶτα εἰρωνικῶς· κηʹ. Καὶ ποῦ εἰσιν οἱ θεοί σου, οὓς ἐποίησας σεαυτῇ; εἰ ἀναστήσονται, καὶ σώσουσιν ἐν καιρῷ τῆς κακώσεώς σου; Διδάσκει δὲ καὶ τούτων τὸ πλῆθος. Ὅτι κατὰ ἀριθμὸν τῶν πόλεων ἦσαν οἱ θεοί σου, Ἰούδα, καὶ κατὰ ἀριθμὸν διόδων Ἱερουσαλὴμ ἔθυον τῇ Βάαλ. Οὕτω δείξας τὴν τῶν οὐκ ὄντων θεῶν τιμὴν, καὶ τὸ πλῆθος, καὶ τὴν ἀσθένειαν, πράως τοῖς ἀχαρίστοις ἐπιτιμᾷ· κθʹ. Ἱνατί λαλεῖτε πρός με; Πάντες ὑμεῖς ἠσεβήσατε, καὶ πάντες ὑμεῖς ἠνομήσατε εἰς ἐμὲ, λέγει Κύριος.","english":"They pretended to foretell, as false prophets do. For he has applied the phrase \"was carried by the Spirit\" to the false prophets. \"It has been handed over; who will turn it back?\" For when God has handed it over, who will suffice? So also through the great Moses he says: \"All those who seek her shall not grow weary; in her humiliation they shall find her.\" For they became easy to capture, having embraced impiety. After this he teaches that often, when she was advised to depart from the harmful path, she grew bold outright, confessing her apostasy. But for this reason, he says, I will clothe them all together in shame—kings, rulers, priests, and those who prophesy falsely—and they shall be likened to a thief caught in the act, and blushing deeply. For the gods fashioned from wood and stone they called fathers and begetters; but to me they gave their backs, and turned away as from an enemy. \"And in the time of their calamities they shall say: Arise, and save us.\" This is the height of utter shamelessness: while enjoying good things, to be sick with ingratitude; but when lacking them, to ask for a share in them. Then ironically: 29. And where are your gods, which you made for yourself? Will they arise and save you in the time of your affliction? He also teaches the multitude of these. For according to the number of the cities were your gods, O Judah, and according to the number of the streets of Jerusalem they sacrificed to Baal. Having thus shown the honor paid to gods that are not, both their multitude and their weakness, he gently rebukes the ungrateful: 29. Why do you speak to me? All of you have acted impiously, and all of you have dealt lawlessly against me, says the Lord.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":14,"ref":"p14","source":"Ἀναμιμνήσκει καὶ τῶν ἐπενε χθεισῶν αὐτοῖς παιδειῶν. λʹ. Μάτην ἐπάταξα τὰ τέκνα ὑμῶν· παιδείαν οὐκ ἐδέξασθε. Οὔτε εὐεργετούμενοι τὸν εὐεργέ την ἐπέγνωτε, οὔτε παιδευόμενοι τῆς ἀσεβείας ἀπέστητε. Ἐγὼ δὲ καὶ τοὺς αἰτίους τῆς πλάνης σφαγῇ παραδέδωκα. λα. Ἀκούσατε λόγον Κυρίου. Τάδε λέγει Κύριος. Μὴ ἔρημος ἐγενόμην τῷ οἴκῳ Ἰακὼβ, ἢ γῆ κεχερσωμένη, διότι εἶπεν ὁ λαός μου· Οὐ κυριευθησόμεθα, καὶ οὐχ ἥξομεν πρός σε; Εἰρωνικῶς ταῦτα λέγει. Ἆρα, φησὶ, μὴ τοῖς εἰδώλοις εἰμὶ παραπλήσιος; ἆρα μὴ ὁμοίως ἐκείνοις οὐδένα αὐτοῖς καρπὸν ἀγαθὸν προσενήνοχα, καὶ διὰ τοῦτο τὴν ἐμὴν δουλείαν ἀπέδρασαν; Μεταβαίνει δὲ καὶ ἐφ' ἑτέραν εἰκόνα, καὶ λέγει, πᾶσαν μὲν νύμφην τοῦ κόσμου πεφροντικέναι, πᾶσαν δὲ παρθένον τῆς στηθοδεσμίδος ἐπιμελεῖσθαι· τὸν δὲ κληθέντα λαὸν, κατολιγωρῆσαι τοῦ κηδεμόνος. Εἶτα πάλιν εἰρωνικῶς λγʹ. Τί ἔτι καλὸν ἐπιτηδεύσεις ἐν ταῖς ὁδοῖς σου, τοῦ ζητῆσαι ἀγάπησιν; Τί ἕτερον, φησὶ, τοῖς προειρημένοις προσθεῖναι βούλῃ, ὡς τὸ ἐμὸν περὶ σὲ πραγματεύσασθαι φίλτρον· \"Οὐχ οὕτως.\" Οὐδὲν τούτων εἰς ἀγάπην κινεῖ, ἀλλὰ τοὐναντίον μῖσος ἐρ γάζεται· οὐ γὰρ μόνον εἰς ἀσέβειαν ἐξώκειλας, ἀλλὰ καὶ μιαιφονίαν ἐτόλμησας. λδʹ. Ἐν γὰρ ταῖς χερσί σου, φησὶν, εὑ ρέθη αἵματα ψυχῶν ἀθώων. Τοῦτο καὶ ὁ μακά ριος ἔφη Δαβίδ· \"Καὶ ἔθυσαν τοὺς υἱοὺς αὑτῶν τοῖς δαιμονίοις, καὶ ἐξέχεαν αἷμα ἀθῶον, αἷμα υἱῶν αὑτῶν καὶ θυγατέρων, ὧν ἔθυσαν τοῖς γλυπτοῖς Χαναὰν, καὶ ἐφονοκτονήθη ἡ γῆ ἐν τοῖς αἵμασι. Διδάσκων δὲ, ὡς οὐδὲ κρύβδην ταῦτα εἰργάζοντο, ἀλλ' ἀναφανδὸν ἐτόλμων, ἐπήγαγεν·","english":"He also reminds them of the chastisements that had been brought upon them. 30. \"In vain I struck your children; you did not receive discipline.\" Neither when you were being benefited did you recognize your Benefactor, nor when you were being disciplined did you desist from impiety. But I also handed over to slaughter the very authors of the deception. 31. \"Hear the word of the Lord. Thus says the Lord: Was I a wilderness to the house of Jacob, or a land made desolate, because my people said: We shall not be ruled over, and we shall not come to you?\" He says these things ironically. \"Is it,\" he says, \"that I am like the idols? Is it that I have not, in like manner as they, brought them any good fruit, and that for this reason they have fled from my service?\" But he moves on to another image as well, and says that every bride of the world has taken thought for herself, and every virgin has cared for her breast-band; but the people that was called has slighted its guardian. Then again ironically, 33. \"What good will you still practice in your ways, to seek love?\" \"What else,\" he says, \"do you wish to add to the things already spoken, as though to procure my affection for you? 'Not so.'\" None of these things moves them to love, but on the contrary produces hatred; for you have not only lapsed into impiety, but you have even dared murder. 34. \"For in your hands,\" he says, \"was found the blood of innocent souls.\" The blessed David also said this: \"And they sacrificed their sons to the demons, and poured out innocent blood, the blood of their sons and daughters, whom they sacrificed to the graven images of Canaan, and the land was defiled with blood.\" And teaching that they did these things not even in secret, but dared them openly, he added:","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":15,"ref":"p15","source":"\"Οὐκ ἐν διορύγμασιν εὗρον αὐτοὺς, ἀλλ' ἐπὶ πάσῃ δρυΐ.\" Οὐ γὰρ ὥσπερ οἱ τοιχωρύχοι λάθρα τοῦτο δρῶσιν, οὕτω καὶ οὗτοι λαν θάνειν ἐπειρῶντο παρανομοῦντες, ἀλλὰ πᾶς βουνὸς, καὶ πᾶν ἄλσος ἐδέξατο τὴν τούτων ἀσέβειαν· ἀναιδεῖς δὲ ὄντες, καὶ βδελυροὶ, καὶ τὰ προφανῶς γινόμενα ἐξηρνοῦντο. λεʹ. Εἶπας γὰρ, φησί· Ἀθῶός εἰμι· ἀλλὰ ἀπο στραφήτω ὁ θυμὸς αὐτοῦ ἀπ' ἐμοῦ. Οὗ δὴ χάριν ἐπήγαγεν· Ἰδοὺ ἐγὼ κρίνομαι πρὸς σὲ ἐν τῷ σε λέγειν· Οὐχ ἥμαρτον. Καὶ οὐ λέγει, Κρινῶ σε, ἀλλὰ, \"Κρίνομαι πρὸς σέ·\" ἀντὶ τοῦ, Δικάζομαι, καὶ ἐλέγχω σε ψευδομένην καὶ ἀναιδῶς ἀρνουμένην. λϛʹ. Ὅτι κατεφρόνησαι σφόδρα τοῦ δευτε ρῶσαι τὰς ὁδούς σου. Κατάλληλος γὰρ ἡ ἀναί δεια τῇ παρανομίᾳ· αἰνίττεται δὲ διὰ\n\nτούτου καὶ ἕτερον, ὅτι Ὥσπερ Ἀσσυρίους εἰς συμμαχίαν καλέσαντες, οὐδὲν ἐκ τῆς ἐπικουρίας ἀπώνασθε, οὕτω καὶ νῦν Αἰ γυπτίοις προσπεφευγότες, οὐδεμιᾶς ἐκεῖθεν ὠφε λείας ἀπολαύσεσθε. Τοῦτο γὰρ διὰ τῶν ἐπιφερομένων δηλοῖ. Καὶ ἀπ' Αἰγύπτου καταισχυνθήσῃ, καθὼς κατῃσχύνθης ἀπὸ Ἀσσούρ. (λζʹ) Ὅτι καὶ ἐντεῦθεν ἐξελεύσῃ, καὶ αἱ χεῖρές σου ἐπὶ τῆς κεφαλῆς σου· Ἴδιον τῶν θρηνουσῶν τὸ τὰς χεῖρας συμπεπλεγμένας ἐπιτιθέναι τῇ κεφαλῇ. Τὸ δὲ αἴτιον τῶν κακῶν, \"Ὅτι ἀπώσατο Κύριος τὴν ἐλπίδα σου, καὶ οὐκ εὐοδωθήσῃ ἐπ' αὐτῇ.\" Εἰ γὰρ εἰς τὸν Θεὸν ἤλπισας, ἐτρύγησας ἂν ὥριμον τὸν τῆς ἐλπίδος καρπόν· ἐπειδὴ δὲ ἀνθρώποις ἐθάῤῥησας, διήμαρτες τῆς ἐλπίδος.","english":"I did not find them in the breaches, but upon every oak.\" For just as burglars do this in secret, so these men did not try to escape notice while breaking the law, but every hill and every grove received their impiety; and being shameless and abominable, they denied even what was done openly. 35. For you said, he says: \"I am innocent; but let his wrath be turned away from me.\" For this very reason he added: \"Behold, I enter into judgment with you in that you say, 'I have not sinned.'\" And he does not say, \"I will judge you,\" but \"I enter into judgment with you,\" meaning, I plead my case and I convict you as lying and shamelessly denying it. 36. \"Because you have greatly despised to repeat your ways.\" For the shamelessness is fitting for the lawlessness; and by this he hints at something else as well, that just as when you called the Assyrians to an alliance, you gained nothing from their aid, so now too, having fled to the Egyptians, you will enjoy no benefit from there. For he makes this clear through what follows. \"And you shall be put to shame by Egypt, just as you were put to shame by Assyria.\" 37. \"For you shall also go out from there, and your hands shall be upon your head.\" It is characteristic of mourners to place their hands clasped together upon the head. And the cause of the evils: \"For the Lord has thrust away your hope, and you shall not prosper in it.\" For if you had hoped in God, you would have gathered the ripe fruit of hope; but since you trusted in men, you have missed your hope.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":16,"ref":"p16","source":"ΚΕΦΑΛ. Γʹ.\n\nΜετὰ ταῦτα δὲ γινώσκει, ὡς πᾶσα μὲν γυνὴ τοῦ ἀνδρὸς ἀφισταμένη, καὶ ἑτέρῳ συναπτομένη, πρὸς τὸν ἄνδρα τὸν πρότερον ἐπανελθεῖν οὐ δυνήσεται, τοῦ νό μου τοῦτο κωλύοντος· ἐμὲ δὲ σὺ τὸν κατὰ νόμον σοι συναφθέντα καταλιποῦσα, συνήφθης δαίμοσιν ἀνοσίοις· εἶτα, πάλιν αἴσθησιν δεξαμένη τῆς βλάβης πρὸς ἐμὲ ἐπανῄεις, ἐγὼ δὲ οὐκ ἀπωθούμην. Εἰ δὲ νομίζεις ἁπλῶς με ταῦτα λέγειν, βʹ. Ἆρον εἰς εὐθεῖαν τοὺς ὀφθαλμούς σου, καὶ ἴδε ποῦ οὐχὶ ἐξεφύρθης. Ἀντὶ τοῦ, Ἐμιάνθης. Τοῦτο γὰρ καὶ διὰ τοῦ Ἐζεκιήλ φησι πρὸς αὐτὴν, \"Καὶ εὗρόν σε πεφυρμένην ἐν τῷ αἵματί σου·\" οὕτω δὲ καὶ ὁ Σύρος ἡρμήνευσε. Λέγει δὲ ἐν τοῖς ἑξῆς, ὅτι Οὐ μόνον παραγινομένους ἐδέχου, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἐξῄεις ἐπιζητοῦσα· καὶ ταῖς κορώναις πα ραπλησίως προσήδρευες ταῖς ὁδοῖς, τὴν ἐκείνων προσ μένουσα παρουσίαν, καὶ τὴν γῆν μιασμάτων ἐνέπλησας, πολλοῖς ποιμέσιν ἀνθ' ἑνὸς χρησαμένη. Ποιμένας γὰρ πολλοὺς τὰ εἴδωλα προσηγόρευσεν ὥσπερ γὰρ θεοὶ ἐκαλοῦντο τὴν θείαν προσηγορίαν συλήσαντες οἱ τοῦ ψεύδους πατέρες οὕτω καὶ ποιμένες ὠνομά σθησαν τὸ τοῦ ἀληθινοῦ ποιμένος λῃστεύσαντες ὄνομα. \"Ὄψις πόρνης ἐγένετό σοι, ἀπηναισχύντησας πρὸς πάντας.\" Καθάπερ γὰρ αἱ τὴν ὥραν ἀπεμπολοῦσαι τῶν μετώπων ἀποξύουσι τὴν αἰδῶ, καὶ πᾶσιν ὁμοίως προσφέρονται· οὕτω σὺ πρὸς οὐδένα τὴν εὔνοιαν δι εφύλαξας, ἀλλὰ τρυγῶσα μὲν παρ' ἐμοῦ τῶν ἀγαθῶν τὴν φορὰν, τοῖς εἰδώλοις ἐδούλευες. Περιπίπτουσα δὲ συμφοραῖς, καὶ τῆς ἐκείνων ἀσθενείας αἰσθανομένη, τὴν ἐμὴν ἐξῄτεις βοήθειαν. δʹ.","english":"CHAPTER 3.\n\nAfter this he knows that any woman who departs from her husband and is joined to another cannot return to her former husband, since the law forbids this; but you, having abandoned me, who was joined to you according to the law, were joined to unholy demons; then, having again perceived the harm, you were returning to me, and I did not thrust you away. But if you think I say these things idly, 2. Lift up your eyes straight ahead, and see where you have not been defiled. Instead of, You have been polluted. For this he also says through Ezekiel to her, \"And I found you defiled in your blood\"; and thus the Syrian also interpreted it. And he says in what follows, that Not only did you receive those who came, but you also went out seeking; and like the crows you sat by the roads, awaiting their presence, and you filled the earth with defilements, having used many shepherds instead of one. For he called the idols many shepherds; for just as those fathers of falsehood were called gods, having plundered the divine title, so also they were named shepherds, having stolen the name of the true Shepherd. \"A harlot's look has become yours, you have acted shamelessly toward all.\" For just as those who sell their beauty scrape the shame from their foreheads, and present themselves alike to all; so you preserved your goodwill toward no one, but while gathering from me the abundance of good things, you served idols. And falling into calamities, and perceiving their weakness, you sought my help. 4.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":17,"ref":"p17","source":"Οὐχ ὡς οἶκόν με ἐκάλεσας, καὶ πατέρα, καὶ ἀρχηγὸν τῆς παρθενίας σου, Οὐ ταύτας μοι τῆς οἰκειώσεως προσηγορίας ἐτίθεις πάλαι, ποτὲ μὲν πατέρα καλοῦσα, ποτὲ δὲ ἄνδρα παρθενικὸν, ποτὲ δὲ οἶκον ἄσυλον; Οὕτω γὰρ καὶ ὁ μακάριος λέγει Δαβίδ· \"Γενοῦ μοι εἰς Θεὸν ὑπερασπιστὴν, καὶ εἰς οἶκον καταφυγῆς τοῦ σῶσαί με. εʹ. Μὴ διαμενεῖ εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα; Ἀντὶ τοῦ, Τὸ ψεῦδός σου, καὶ τῶν ῥημάτων ἡ χλευασία. \"Ἦ δια φυλαχθήσεται εἰς νῖκος;\" Ἦ νομίζεις διὰ τούτων περιγενέσθαι καὶ νικᾷν; Εἶτα εἰρωνικῶς· \"Ἰδοὺ ἐλάλησας καὶ ἐποίησας τὰ πονηρὰ ταῦτα, καὶ ἠδυνή θης.\" Ἀντὶ τοῦ, Νόμισον κεχλευακέναι, καὶ δια πεφευγέναι τοιαῦτα παρανομῆσαι τολμήσασα. Μετὰ δὲ ταῦτά φησι τὸν Θεὸν πρὸς αὐτὸν εἰρηκέναι ἐν ταῖς ἡμέραις Ἰωσίου τοῦ βασιλέως· ϛʹ. Εἶδες ἃ ἐποίησέ μοι ἡ κατοικία τοῦ Ἰσραήλ; Ἐπειδὴ ἀπῆσαν ἐκεῖνοι (ἐδούλευον γὰρ ἐν Βαβυλῶνι), τὸν προφήτην διδάσκει τῆς τιμωρίας τὸ δίκαιον. \"Ἐπορεύθη ἐπὶ πᾶν ὄρος ὑψηλὸν, καὶ ὑποκάτω παντὸς ξύλου ἀλσώδους, καὶ ἐπόρνευσεν ἐκεῖ.\" Ἔπειτα τὴν οἰκείαν ἀγαθότητα καὶ μακροθυμίαν δείκνυσιν. ζʹ. Καὶ εἶπον μετὰ τὸ πορνεῦσαι αὐτὴν ταῦτα, Πρός με ἀνάστρεψον, καὶ οὐκ ἀνέστρεψεν. Ἑκοῦσα τοίνυν τὸν ὄλεθρον ἐπεσπάσατο, μήτε ἀρχῆθεν τὴν κατὰ νόμον πολιτείαν ἀσπασαμένη, καὶ μετὰ τὴν ἀσέβειαν ἐπιστρέψαι μὴ βουληθεῖσα. Ἐντεῦθεν αὔξει τῆς Ἰούδα φυλῆς τὴν κατηγορίαν. ηʹ. Καὶ","english":"Did you not call me a house, and father, and leader of your virginity? Did you not long ago give me these terms of kinship, sometimes calling me father, sometimes a virgin husband, sometimes an inviolable house? For thus also the blessed David says: \"Be to me a God for protection, and a house of refuge to save me.\" 5. Will it not endure forever? That is, your falsehood, and the mockery of your words. \"Or will it be kept for victory?\" Or do you think that by these things you will prevail and conquer? Then ironically: \"Behold, you have spoken and done these evil things, and you were able.\" That is, consider that you have mocked and escaped, having dared to transgress in such ways. After this he says that God spoke to him in the days of Josiah the king: 6. Did you see what the dwelling of Israel did to me? Since those people were absent (for they were serving in Babylon), he teaches the prophet the justice of the punishment. \"She went upon every high mountain, and under every leafy tree, and there she played the harlot.\" Then he shows his own goodness and long-suffering. 7. And I said after she played the harlot these things, Return to me, and she did not return. Willingly, therefore, she drew destruction upon herself, neither having embraced from the beginning the conduct according to the law, nor wishing to return after her impiety. From here he increases the accusation of the tribe of Judah. 8. And","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":18,"ref":"p18","source":"εἶδε τὴν ἀσυνθεσίαν αὐτῆς ἡ ἀσύν θετος Ἰούδα ἡ ἀδελφὴ αὐτῆς, καὶ εἶδε διότι περὶ πάντων ὧν κατελήφθη ἐν οἷς ἐμοιχᾶτο ἡ κατοικία τοῦ Ἰσραὴλ, καὶ ἐξαπέστειλα αὐτὴν, καὶ ἔδωκα αὐτῇ βιβλίον ἀποστασίου εἰς τὰς χεῖρας αὐτῆς. Καὶ οὐκ ἐφοβήθη ἡ ἀσύνθετος Ἰούδα, ἡ ἀδελφὴ αὐτῆς, καὶ ἐπορεύθη, καὶ ἐπόρνευσε καὶ αὐτή. Θεασαμένη, φησὶ, καὶ τὴν πονηρίαν τῆς ἀδελφῆς αὐτῆς, καὶ τὴν διὰ ταύτης ἐπενεχθεῖσαν αὐτῇ τιμωρίαν, οὐκ ἔφυγε τῆς πονηρίας τὴν μίμησιν· ἀλλὰ τοῖς ἐκείνης ἠκολούθησεν ἴχνεσιν. θʹ. Καὶ ἐγένετο ἡ πορνεία αὐτῆς εἰς οὐθέν. Οὐδὲν γὰρ, φησὶ, παράνομον ποιεῖν ὑπελάμβανε· πορνείαν δὲ τὴν εἰδωλολατρείαν καλεῖ· καταλιπόντες γὰρ τὸν Θεὸν, ὃς νυμφίος αὐτῶν ὠνομάζετο, τοῖς εἰδώλοις ἐλάτρευον. \"Καὶ ἐφονοκτόνει τὴν γῆν, θύουσα τὰ τέκνα τοῖς δαίμοσι· καὶ ἐμοίχευσε τὸν λίθον καὶ τὸ ξύλον.\" Σαφῆ τὴν τῆς πορνείας κατηγορίαν εἰργάσατο. Εἶτα διὰ πλειόνων διδάσκει, ὅτι οὐκ ἐβδελύξατο τῆς ἀδελφῆς τὴν ἀσέβειαν, τὴν πανωλεθρίαν θεασαμένη· καὶ ὅτι μᾶλλον ἔχουσί τινα συγγνώμην αἱ δέκα φυλαὶ, ἤπερ ἡ τοῦ Ἰούδα φυλὴ, ἐπειδὴ τὰς συμφορὰς ἐκείνων ἑωρακυῖα, τὰ αἴτια τῶν συμφορῶν διετέλεσε δρῶσα· οὗ δὴ χάριν ἐκείνοις προθεσπίσαι ὁ προφήτης παρακελεύεται. ιβʹ. Πορεύου γὰρ, φησὶ, καὶ ἀνάγνωθι τοὺς λό γους τούτους πρὸς βοῤῥᾶν, καὶ ἐρεῖς, Ἐπιστράφηθι πρός με, ἡ κατοικία τοῦ Ἰσραὴλ, λέγει Κύριος. Καὶ οὐ στηριῶ τὸ πρόσωπόν μου ἐφ' ὑμᾶς, ὅτι ἐλεήμων εἰμὶ, λέγει Κύριος, καὶ οὐ μηνιῶ ὑμῖν εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα. Ἀμέτρητος ἡ τοῦ Δεσπό του φιλανθρωπία· μετὰ γὰρ τὴν πολλὴν παρανομίαν μόνην ἐπιζητεῖ μεταμέλειαν·","english":"Her sister, faithless Judah, saw her faithlessness, and she saw that because of all the things in which the dwelling place of Israel was caught committing adultery, I sent her away and gave her a bill of divorce into her hands. And faithless Judah, her sister, was not afraid, but went and played the harlot also. Having seen, he says, her sister's wickedness and the punishment brought upon her because of it, she did not flee from the imitation of wickedness, but followed in her footsteps. 9. And her harlotry became as nothing. For, he says, she supposed she was doing nothing unlawful; and he calls idolatry harlotry; for having abandoned God, who was named their bridegroom, they served idols. \"And she bloodied the land, sacrificing her children to demons; and she committed adultery with stone and wood.\" He made the charge of harlotry clear. Then through more words he teaches that she did not loathe her sister's impiety, having seen her utter destruction; and that the ten tribes have some pardon more than the tribe of Judah, since having seen those disasters, she continued doing the causes of the disasters; for which reason the prophet is commanded to foretell to them. 12. For go, he says, and read these words toward the north, and you shall say, Return to me, dwelling place of Israel, says the Lord. And I will not set my face against you, because I am merciful, says the Lord, and I will not be angry with you forever. The Master's love for humanity is immeasurable; for after great lawlessness he seeks only repentance.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":19,"ref":"p19","source":"διδάσκει δὲ καὶ ταύτης τὸν τρόπον. ιγʹ. Πλὴν γνῶθι τὴν ἀδικίαν σου, ὅτι εἰς Κύριον τὸν Θεόν σου ἠσέβησας. Ἀρχὴ γὰρ ὑγείας αἴσθησις ἀῤῥωστίας. Καὶ, \"Ἐξέχεας τὰς ὁδούς σου εἰς ἀλλοτρίους.\" Τὸν Θεὸν, καὶ Κύριον, καὶ ποιη τὴν, καὶ εὐεργέτην καταλιποῦσα, ἀλλοτρίοις συνήφθης· τίνες δὲ οὗτοι; \"Ὑποκάτω παντὸς ξύλου ἀλσώδους.\" Ἔδειξε τῆς πλάνης τὸ ἀκερδές· ἄκαρπα γὰρ τὰ θεοποιηθέντα φυτά. \"Τῆς δὲ φωνῆς μου οὐχ ὑπήκουσας, λέγει Κύριος.\" Νομοθετῶν γὰρ εἶπεν, \"Οὐκ ἔσονταί σοι θεοὶ ἕτεροι πλὴν ἐμοῦ.\" ιδʹ. Ἐπιστράφητε, υἱοὶ ἀφεστηκότες, λέγει Κύριος. Καὶ ἀποστάντας υἱοὺς ὀνομάζει, διὰ τὴν ἄῤῥητον αὐτοῦ ἀγαθότητα. \"Διότι ἐγὼ κυριεύσω ὑμῶν.\" Πάλιν γὰρ ὑμῶν ἐπιμελήσομαι, καὶ πάσης ἀξιώσω κηδεμονίας. Καὶ λήψομαι ὑμᾶς ἕνα ἐκ πόλεως, καὶ δύο ἐκ πατριᾶς, καὶ εἰσάξω ὑμᾶς εἰς Σιών. (ιεʹ.) Καὶ δώσω ὑμῖν ποιμένας κατὰ τὴν καρδίαν μου, καὶ ποιμανοῦσιν ὑμᾶς ποιμαίνοντες μετ' ἐπι στήμης. Ταῦτα τυπικῶς μὲν ἐπὶ τοῦ Ζοροβάβελ ἐγένετο. Ἐπανῆλθον γὰρ ἐπὶ Κύρου τοῦ Πέρσου, ποιμένας ἔχοντες τὸν Ζοροβάβελ τὸν τοῦ Σαλαθιὴλ, καὶ Ἰησοῦν τὸν τοῦ Ἰωσεδὲκ τὸν ἱερέα τὸν μέγαν· εὐσέβεια δὲ καὶ εὐνομία ἀμφοτέρους ἐκόσμει. Κατὰ μέντοι τὴν ἀλήθειαν, μετὰ τὴν τοῦ Θεοῦ καὶ Σωτῆρος ἡμῶν ἐνανθρώπησιν ἡ προφητεία τέλος ἐδέξατο. Ἐξελέξατο γὰρ ἐξ Ἰουδαίων ὁ Δεσπότης, ἕνα ἐκ πόλεως, καὶ δύο ἐκ πατριᾶς· καὶ κατέστησεν αὐτοὺς ποιμένας κατὰ τὴν καρδίαν αὑτοῦ, τοὺς ἱεροὺς ἀπο στόλους. Διὸ δὴ καὶ θειοτάτῳ Πέτρῳ ἔφη· \"Σί μων Ἰωνᾶ, φιλεῖς με; Ποίμαινε τὰ πρόβατά μου.\" Καὶ ὅτι ταύτην ἔχει τὴν διάνοιαν ἡ προφητεία, τὰ ἑξῆς μαρτυρεῖ. ιζʹ.","english":"He also teaches the manner of this one. 13. Only know your iniquity, that you have acted impiously toward the Lord your God. For the beginning of health is the perception of sickness. And, You have poured out your ways to strangers. Having abandoned God, and Lord, and Maker, and Benefactor, you joined yourself to strangers; and who are these? Under every leafy tree. He showed the profitlessness of the error; for the plants made into gods are unfruitful. But you did not obey my voice, says the Lord. For when giving the law he said, You shall have no other gods besides me. 14. Return, sons who have departed, says the Lord. He calls them both departed and sons, because of his ineffable goodness. For I will be lord over you. For again I will take care of you, and deem you worthy of every guardianship. And I will take you one from a city, and two from a family, and I will bring you into Zion. (15.) And I will give you shepherds according to my heart, and they shall shepherd you, shepherding with understanding. These things happened typically in the time of Zerubbabel. For they returned under Cyrus the Persian, having as shepherds Zerubbabel the son of Shealtiel, and Jesus the son of Josedek, the great priest; and piety and good order adorned both. In truth, however, after the incarnation of our God and Savior the prophecy received its fulfillment. For the Master chose from the Jews one from a city, and two from a family; and he appointed them shepherds according to his heart, the sacred apostles. Therefore indeed he also said to the most divine Peter: Simon son of Jonah, do you love me? Shepherd my sheep. And that the prophecy has this meaning, what follows testifies. 17.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":20,"ref":"p20","source":"Ἐν ταῖς ἡμέραις ἐκείναις, καὶ ἐν τῷ καιρῷ ἐκείνῳ, καλέσουσι τὴν Ἱερουσαλὴμ θρό νον Κυρίου, καὶ συναχθήσεται εἰς αὐτὴν πάντα τὰ ἔθνη τῷ ὀνόματι Κυρίου εἰς Ἱερουσαλήμ· καὶ οὐ πορεύσονται ἔτι ὀπίσω τῶν ἐνθυμημάτων τῆς καρδίας αὑτῶν τῆς πονηρᾶς. Τοῦτο δὲ μετὰ τὴν ἀπὸ Βαβυλῶνος ἐπάνοδον οὐκ ἐγένετο· οὐ γὰρ κατέλιπε τὴν ἀσέβειαν τηνικαῦτα τὰ ἔθνη. Μετὰ τὴν τοῦ Θεοῦ καὶ Σωτῆρος ἡμῶν ἐνανθρώπησιν, διεπόρθμευσαν μὲν εἰς ἅπασαν τὴν οἰκουμένην οἱ θεῖοι ἀπό στολοι τὸ σωτήριον κήρυγμα· ἀπέστησαν δὲ τῆς προτέρας πλάνης οἱ ταύτῃ δουλεύσαντες, καὶ τὸν τῶν ἁπάντων προσκυνοῦσι Θεὸν, καὶ ὡς εἰς θρόνον θεῖον τὴν\n\nἹερουσαλὴμ συντρέχουσιν ἅπαντες. Εἶτα διδάσκει ὡς μετὰ τὴν ἀπὸ Βαβυλῶνος ἐπάνοδον οὐκ έτι πάλιν αἱ φυλαὶ δίχα διαιρεθήσονται, ἀλλὰ κατὰ τὸ αὐτὸ ἐπανήξουσι, καὶ τὴν πατρῴαν καθέξουσι γῆν. Εἶτα ὁ προφήτης ἐπὶ ταῖς χρησταῖς ἐπαγγε λίαις ἡσθείς φησι· ιθʹ. Καὶ ἐγὼ εἶπον, Γένοιτο, Κύριε. Ταῦτα ἐν μέσῳ εἰρηκὼς ὁ προφήτης, συμπεραίνει τὴν θείαν ἐπαγγελίαν. \"Ὅτι τάξω σε εἰς τέκνα.\" Πάλιν γὰρ, φησὶ, ἐμοὶ χρηματίσετε παῖδες. \"Καὶ δώσω σοι γῆν ἐκλεκτὴν, κληρονομίαν ὀνομαστὴν, Θεοῦ παν τοκράτορος ἐθνῶν.\" Τὴν γῆν τῆς ἐπαγγελίας οὕτως ἐκάλεσεν. Ἐθνῶν δὲ αὐτὸν Θεὸν ὠνόμασε παντοκράτορα, διδάσκων ὅτι πάντων ἐστὶ Θεὸς, καὶ πάντων δημιουργὸς, καὶ ὅτι καὶ τὰ ἔθνη τῆς θεογνω σίας ἀπολαύσονται, καὶ μεταβήσεται εἰς ἐκεῖνα ἡ χάρις τοῦ Πνεύματος. Μετὰ ταῦτα συμβουλεύει ἣν ἔχουσι παῖδες περὶ πατρὸς φιλοστοργίαν κτήσασθαι, καὶ τῆς θείας ἀπολαῦσαι κηδεμονίας.","english":"In those days, and at that time, they shall call Jerusalem the throne of the Lord, and all the nations shall be gathered to it in the name of the Lord, to Jerusalem; and they shall no longer walk after the evil thoughts of their own heart. But this did not happen after the return from Babylon; for the nations did not then abandon their impiety. After the incarnation of our God and Savior, the divine apostles carried the saving proclamation across the whole inhabited world; and those who had been enslaved to their former error departed from it, and they worship the God of all things, and all run together to Jerusalem as to a divine throne. Then he teaches that after the return from Babylon the tribes shall no longer again be divided apart, but shall return together and possess the land of their fathers. Then the prophet, delighted at the good promises, says: 19. And I said, So be it, Lord. Having said these things in the midst, the prophet concludes the divine promise. \"For I will set you as children.\" For again, he says, you shall be called my children. \"And I will give you a choice land, a renowned inheritance, of God the Almighty of nations.\" He called the land of promise this. And he named him God Almighty of nations, teaching that he is God of all things and creator of all things, and that the nations also shall partake of the knowledge of God, and the grace of the Spirit shall pass over to them. After these things he counsels them to acquire the affection which children have toward a father, and to enjoy the divine care.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":21,"ref":"p21","source":"Εἶτα αἰτιᾶται, ὅτι γυναῖκα μοιχεύτριαν εἰς τὸν ἄνδρα παρανομοῦσαν ἐζήλωσαν, οὐ μόνον αἱ δέκα φυλαὶ, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἡ τοῦ Ἰούδα φυλὴ, καὶ τὰς πρὸς τὸν νυμφίον συνθήκας παρέβησαν· προλέγει δὲ καὶ τῶν δέκα φυλῶν τὴν μεταμέλειαν· αἴσθησιν γὰρ αὐταῖς τῆς παρανομίας ἡ τῆς αἰχμαλωσίας ἐνέθηκε συμφορά. καʹ. Φωνὴ γὰρ, φησὶν, ἐκ χειλέων ἠκούσθη κλαυθμοῦ καὶ δεήσεως υἱῶν Ἰσραὴλ, ὅτι ἠδίκησαν ἐν ταῖς ὁδοῖς αὐτῶν, ἐπελάθοντο Θεοῦ ἁγίου αὐτῶν. Θεασάμενος δὲ τὴν μεταμέλειαν, ἐπιμεῖναι ταύτῃ προτρέπει, καί φησιν· κβʹ. Ἐπιστράφητε, υἱοὶ ἐπιστρέφοντες, καὶ ἐγὼ ἰάσομαι τὰ συντρίμματα ὑμῶν. Οὐ μόνον δὲ ὑπισχνεῖται τὴν ἴασιν, ἀλλὰ καὶ ποίοις χρήσασθαι δεῖ λόγοις διδάσκει, μονονουχὶ λέγων· Ταῦτα εἴπατε· \"Ἰδοὺ δοῦλοι ἡμεῖς ἐσόμεθά σοι, ὅτι σὺ Κύριος ὁ Θεὸς ἡμῶν εἶ.\" Ἀρνούμεθα τὴν πλάνην, βδελυσσόμεθα τὴν τῶν δαιμόνων δουλείαν· σὲ μόνον ἴσμεν καὶ Κύριον καὶ Θεόν. κγʹ. Ὄντως ψεῦδος ἦσαν οἱ βουνοὶ, καὶ ἡ δύναμις τῶν ὀρέων. Πλὴν διὰ Κυρίου Θεοῦ ἡμῶν ἡ σωτηρία τῷ οἴκῳ Ἰσραήλ. Δι' αὐτῆς μεμαθή καμεν τῆς πείρας, ὡς σὺ μόνος χορηγὸς ἀγαθῶν· τὰ δὲ ἄλση καὶ οἱ βουνοὶ, ἐπιζήμια καὶ ὀλέθρια. κδʹ. Ἡ δὲ αἰσχύνη κατηνάλωσε τοὺς μόχθους τῶν πατέρων ἡμῶν ἀπὸ νεότητος αὐτῶν, καιόν των τὰ πρόβατα αὑτῶν, τοὺς υἱοὺς αὑτῶν, καὶ τὰς θυγατέρας αὑτῶν. Ἔδειξε καὶ ἧς προσ έφερον τοῖς εἰδώλοις τιμῆς τὴν ὑπερβολήν· πρὸς γὰρ βουσὶ καὶ προβάτοις, καὶ τοὺς υἱοὺς καὶ τὰς θυγατέ ρας κατέκαιον· καὶ ὅτι οὐ μόνον οὐδὲ ἐκεῖθεν ἐδρέποντο κέρδος, ἀλλὰ πρὸς τῇ τῶν ψυχῶν ἀπωλείᾳ καὶ τὴν αἰσχύνην ἐτρύγων· τοῦτο γὰρ διὰ τῶν ἐπαγομένων φησί· κεʹ.","english":"Then he brings a charge, that they zealously pursued a woman, an adulteress transgressing against her husband—not only the ten tribes, but also the tribe of Judah—and that they broke the covenants made with the bridegroom. And he foretells also the repentance of the ten tribes; for the calamity of captivity instilled in them a sense of their transgression. 21. For a voice, he says, was heard from the lips of weeping and supplication of the sons of Israel, because they did wrong in their ways, they forgot God, their Holy One. And having seen their repentance, he urges them to persist in it, and says: 22. Return, you returning sons, and I will heal your brokenness. And he does not only promise the healing, but also teaches with what words they must speak, all but saying: Say these things: \"Behold, we shall be your servants, for you are the Lord our God.\" We renounce error, we abhor the slavery of demons; you alone we know both as Lord and God. 23. Truly the hills were a lie, and the strength of the mountains. But through the Lord our God is salvation for the house of Israel. Through experience itself we have learned that you alone are the provider of good things; but the groves and the hills are harmful and destructive. 24. But shame has consumed the labors of our fathers from their youth, their sheep, their sons, and their daughters. He showed also the excess of the honor they brought to idols; for along with oxen and sheep they also burned up their sons and their daughters; and that not only did they reap no profit from there, but along with the loss of their souls they also gathered shame; for this he says through what follows: 25.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":22,"ref":"p22","source":"Ἐκοιμήθημεν ἐν τῇ αἰσχύνῃ ἡμῶν, καὶ ἐπεκάλυψεν ἡμᾶς ἡ ἀτιμία ἡμῶν· διότι ἐναντίον τοῦ Θεοῦ ἡμῶν ἡμάρτομεν ἡμεῖς καὶ οἱ πατέρες ἡμῶν, ἀπὸ νεότητος ἡμῶν, καὶ ἕως τῆς ἡμέρας ταύτης, καὶ οὐκ ἠκούσαμεν τῆς φωνῆς Κυρίου τοῦ Θεοῦ ἡμῶν. Καὶ ὁ θεῖος Ἀπόστολος τῆς ἁμαρτίας καρπὸν τὴν αἰσχύνην εἶναί φησι· λέγει δὲ οὕτως· \"Τίνα οὖν καρπὸν εἴχετε τότε ἐφ' οἷς νῦν ἐπαισχύνεσθε;\" ΚΕΦΑΛ. Δʹ.\n\nΟὕτω διδάξας αὐτοὺς δεηθῆναι, ὑπισχνεῖται καὶ αὐτοῖς ἀπόλαυσιν ἀγαθῶν, εἰ λάβοιεν λήθην τῶν εἰ δώλων (αὐτὰ γὰρ καλεῖ βδελύγματα), καὶ εἰς τὸν ὄντα Θεὸν μεταθεῖεν τὸ σέβας· ὡς καὶ τοὺς ὅρκους μηκέτι κατ' εἰδώλων, ἀλλὰ κατ' αὐτοῦ ποιεῖσθαι, ἀληθεύοντας καὶ οὐ ψευδομένους. Τοῦτο γὰρ λέγει· βʹ. Ἐὰν ὀμόσῃς, Ζῇ Κύριος, μετὰ ἀληθείας, ἐν κρίσει καὶ ἐν δικαιοσύνῃ. Ἐν δὲ τοῖς ἱεροῖς Εὐαγγελίοις τὰ τούτων νενομοθέτηκε τελειότερα· \"Ἐῤῥέθη γὰρ, φησὶ, τοῖς ἀρχαίοις, Οὐκ ἐπιορκήσεις, ἀποδώσεις δὲ Κυρίῳ τοὺς ὅρκους σου. Ἐγὼ δὲ λέγω ὑμῖν, μὴ ὀμόσαι ὅλως.\" Ἰουδαίοις δὲ, ὡς ἀσθε νῶς διακειμένοις, παρακελεύεται κατ' αὐτοῦ ὀμνύναι, ἵνα τῇ τοῦ ὅρκου συνηθείᾳ αὐτὸν μόνον προσκυνεῖν διδαχθῶσιν· ἐπαγγέλλεται δὲ, τούτων γινομένων,","english":"We slept in our shame, and our dishonor covered us, because we sinned against our God, we and our fathers, from our youth even to this day, and we did not listen to the voice of the Lord our God. And the divine Apostle says that shame is the fruit of sin; and he speaks thus: \"What fruit then did you have in the things of which you are now ashamed?\" Chapter 4.\n\nHaving thus taught them to entreat, he promises them also the enjoyment of good things, if they would forget the idols (for these he calls abominations), and transfer their reverence to the God who is; so that they should no longer make oaths by idols, but by him, speaking truth and not lying. For this is what he says: 2. If you swear, \"As the Lord lives,\" in truth, in judgment, and in righteousness. But in the holy Gospels the more perfect things concerning these have been legislated: \"For it was said,\" he says, \"to those of old, You shall not swear falsely, but you shall render to the Lord your oaths. But I say to you, do not swear at all.\" But to the Jews, as being weakly disposed, he urges them to swear by him, so that by the habit of swearing they might be taught to worship him alone; and he promises, if these things come to pass,","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":23,"ref":"p23","source":"ὡς εὐλογήσουσιν ἐν αὐτῷ ἔθνη, καὶ ἐν αὐτῷ αἰνέσουσι τῷ Θεῷ ἐν Ἱερουσαλήμ· τούτων γὰρ εὐσεβούντων, πολλοὶ τῶν πλησιοχώρων μετεμάνθανον τὴν εὐσέβειαν. Ἐντεῦθεν ἀπὸ τοῦ Ἰσραὴλ ἐπὶ τὸν Ἰούδα μεταφέρειτὸν λόγον, καί φησι· γʹ. Νεώσατε ἑαυτοῖς νεώματα, καὶ μὴ σπείρητε ἐπ' ἀκάνθαις. Γεωργήσατε, φησὶ, τὰς ὑμετέ ρας ψυχάς· πρόῤῥιζον ἀνασπάσατε τῶν εἰδώλων τὴν μνήμην. Ταῦτα γὰρ ἀκάνθας καλεῖ. δʹ. Περιτμήθητε τῷ Θεῷ ὑμῶν. Εἶτα διδάσκει ὁποία τοῦ Θεοῦ ἡ περιτομή. \"Καὶ περιτέμνεσθε τὴν ἀκροβυστίαν τῆς καρδίας ὑμῶν, ἄνδρες Ἰούδα, καὶ οἱ κατοικοῦντες Ἱερουσαλήμ.\" Σαφῶς ἐδίδαξεν ὡς ἡ φαινομένη περιτομὴ τύπος τῆς κεκρυμμένης, καὶ ὅτι τῆς ἔνδον οὔσης περιττὴ ἡ τοῦ σώματος. Ἐντεῦθεν ὁρμώμενος ὁ θεῖος Ἀπόστολος Ῥωμαίοιςγέγραφεν· \"Οὐ γὰρ ὁ ἐν τῷ φανερῷ Ἰουδαῖός ἐστιν, οὐδὲ ἡ ἐν τῷ φανερῷ, ἐν σαρκὶ, περιτομὴ, ἀλλ' ἐν τῷ κρυπτῷ Ἰουδαῖος, καὶ περιτομὴ καρδίας ἐν πνεύ ματι, οὐ γράμματι, οὗ ὁ ἔπαινος οὐκ ἐξ ἀνθρώπων, ἀλλ' ἐκ τοῦ Θεοῦ.\" Ἤκουσε γὰρ τοῦ Θεοῦ διὰ τοῦ προφήτου λέγοντος· \"Περιτμήθητε τῷ Θεῷ ὑμῶν, καὶ περιτέμνεσθε τὴν ἀκροβυστίαν τῆς καρδίας ὑμῶν, ἄνδρες Ἰούδα, καὶ οἱ κατοικοῦντες Ἱερουσαλήμ· μήποτε ἐξέλθῃ ὡς πῦρ ὁ θυμός μου, καὶ ἐκκαυθήσεται, καὶ οὐκ ἔσται ὁ σβέσων ἀπὸ προσώπου πονηρίας ἐπιτηδευμάτων ὑμῶν.\" Ὑμεῖς γὰρ μόνοι δύνασθε σβέσαι μεταμελούμενοι· ὑμῶν δὲ μεταμελείᾳ μὴ κεχρημένων, οὐδεὶς ἱκανὸς ἀπαλλάξαι τῆς τιμωρίας.","english":"so that the nations will bless in him, and in him they will praise God in Jerusalem; for when these were pious, many of those in the neighboring regions learned piety. From here he transfers the word from Israel to Judah, and says: 3. Break up for yourselves fallow ground, and do not sow on thorns. Cultivate, he says, your souls; pull up by the root the memory of idols. For these he calls thorns. 4. Be circumcised to your God. Then he teaches what kind of circumcision is God's: \"And circumcise the foreskin of your heart, men of Judah, and those who dwell in Jerusalem.\" He has clearly taught that the visible circumcision is a type of the hidden one, and that the circumcision of the body is superfluous when the inner one exists. Starting from this, the divine Apostle wrote to the Romans: \"For he is not a Jew who is one outwardly, nor is the circumcision outwardly, in the flesh, but a Jew is one inwardly, and circumcision is of the heart in spirit, not in letter, whose praise is not from men but from God.\" For he heard God saying through the prophet: \"Be circumcised to your God, and circumcise the foreskin of your heart, men of Judah, and those who dwell in Jerusalem; lest my wrath go forth like fire, and be kindled, and there be no one to quench it before the face of the wickedness of your practices.\" For you alone can quench it by repenting; but if you do not make use of repentance, no one is able to deliver you from punishment.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":24,"ref":"p24","source":"Δεδιττόμενος δὲ αὐτοὺς παρακελεύεται εἰπεῖν τῇ Ἱερουσαλὴμ, καὶ πάσῃ τῇ Ἰουδαίᾳ φυλῇ, ὥστε σαλπίσαι, καὶ σημᾶναι πᾶσι τῶν πολεμίων τὴν προσ βολὴν, ἵνα εἰς τὰς τετειχισμένας καταφύγωσι πόλεις, διαφερόντως δὲ εἰς Σιὼν, ὡς ὀχυρωτέραν· καὶ κατεπείγει, λέγων· ϛʹ. Σπεύσατε, μὴ στῆτε, ὅτι κακὰ ἐγὼ ἐπάγω ἀπὸ βοῤῥᾶ, καὶ συντριβὴν μεγάλην. Λέγει δὲ ταῦτα παραβολικώτερον· καὶ καλεῖ λέοντα τὸν Να βουχοδονόσορ, μάνδραν δὲ τὴν Βαβυλῶνα· ἐκεῖθεν δὲ τοῦτον ὁρμῶντα, καὶ τὰς πόλεις ἐμπρῆσαι, καὶ τὰς χώρας δῃῶσαι. ηʹ. Τούτου δὴ χάριν, περιζώσασθε σάκκους, καὶ κόπτεσθε, καὶ ὀλολύξατε, ὅτι οὐκ ἀπεστράφη ὁ θυμὸς τῆς ὀργῆς Κυρίου ἀφ' ὑμῶν. Προλέγει δὲ καὶ τὴν τοῦ βασιλέως δειλίαν, τοῦ τε Ἰωακεὶμ, καὶ τοῦ Ἰεχωνίου μετ' ἐκεῖνον, καὶ τελευταίου τοῦ Σεδεκίου. Προλέγει καὶ τῶν ἀρχόντων καὶ ἱερέων τὸ δέος. Καὶ μετὰ ταῦτα πρὸς τὸν Δεσπότην ὁ προφή της φησί· ιʹ. Ἆρά γε ἀπατῶν ἠπάτησας τὸν λαὸν τοῦ Θεοῦ καὶ τὴν Ἱερουσαλὴμ, λέγων, Εἰρήνη ἔσται, καὶ ἰδοὺ ἥψατο ἡ μάχαιρα ἕως τῶν ψυχῶν αὐ τῶν; Ταῦτα οὐκ ἀληθῶς ὁ προφήτης ἔφη, ἀλλ' ἐπειδὴ οἱ ψευδοπροφῆται εἰρήνην ὑπισχνοῦντο, τὸν Θεὸν ταύτην ἐπαγγέλλεσθαι λέγοντες, τὴν ἐκείνων ἐλέγχων ψευδολογίαν, τούτοις τοῖς λόγοις ἐχρήσατο ιαʹ. Ἐν τῷ καιρῷ ἐκείνῳ ἐροῦσι τῷ λαῷ τούτῳ, καὶ τῇ Ἱερουσαλὴμ, ὡς πνεῦμα πλανήσεως ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ, ὁδὸς τῆς θυγατρὸς τοῦ λαοῦ μου οὐκ εἰς καθαρὸν, οὐδὲ εἰς ἅγιον. ιβʹ. Πνεῦμα πληρώσεως ἀπὸ τούτων ἥξει μοι.","english":"Doubling down, he urges them to speak to Jerusalem and to every tribe of Judah, so as to sound the trumpet and signal to all the enemy's approach, so that they may flee for refuge into the walled cities, and especially into Zion, as being more strongly fortified; and he presses them, saying: 6. Hurry, do not stand still, for I am bringing evils from the north, and a great crushing. He says these things more figuratively; and he calls Nebuchadnezzar a lion, and Babylon a fold; from there he will rush forth and set the cities on fire and ravage the countryside. 8. For this reason, gird yourselves with sackcloth, and beat yourselves, and wail, because the fury of the Lord's anger has not turned away from you. He foretells also the cowardice of the king, both of Jehoiakim and of Jeconiah after him, and lastly of Zedekiah. He foretells also the fear of the rulers and priests. And after these things the prophet says to the Master: 10. Surely you have utterly deceived the people of God and Jerusalem, saying, There will be peace, and behold, the sword has reached even to their souls? The prophet did not say these things truthfully, but since the false prophets were promising peace, saying that God was promising this, exposing their falsehood, he used these words. 11. In that time they will say to this people, and to Jerusalem, As a spirit of wandering in the wilderness, the way of the daughter of my people is not to purity, nor to holiness. 12. A spirit of fullness will come to me from these.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":25,"ref":"p25","source":"Δι' αὐτῆς, φησὶ, μαθήσονται τῆς πείρας, κατὰ τὸν καιρὸν τῶν συμφορῶν, ὡς πνεῦμα πλανήσεως ἦν τὸ διὰ τῶν ψευδοπροφητῶν φθεγγόμενον, οὐ καθαρὸν, οὐδὲ ἅγιον, οὐδὲ πνεῦμα πληρώσεως, ἀντὶ τοῦ, οὐ συμπληρωτικὸν τῆς Τριάδος· ἀφ' ὧν ἦλθέ μοι τὰ παρόντα κακά. \"Νῦν δὲ ἐγὼ λαλήσω κρίματά μου πρὸς αὐτούς.\" Τουτέστιν, Ἃς δικαίως αὐτοῖς ἐπάξω συμφοράς. Καὶ καταλέγει ταύτας, νεφέλῃ μὲν ἀπεικάζων καὶ καταιγίδι τὰ ἅρματα, ἀετοῖς δὲ τὴν τῶν ἵππων ὀξύτητα. Προλέγει καὶ τὸν ἐσόμενον θρῆνον· \"Οὐαὶ ἡμῖν, ὅτι ταλαιπωροῦμεν.\" Καὶ μετὰ ταῦτα συμβουλεύει τῇ μεταμελείᾳ τὴν σω τηρίαν καρπώσασθαι. ιδʹ. Ἀπόπλυνε γὰρ, φησὶ, ἀπὸ κακίας τὴν καρ δίαν σου, Ἱερουσαλὴμ, ἵνα σωθῇς· ἕως πότε ὑπάρχουσιν ἐν σοὶ διαλογισμοὶ πονηροί σου; Ἡ γὰρ τῶν λογισμῶν πονηρία τούτων σοι τῶν κακῶν γεγένηται πρόξενος. ιεʹ. Διότι φωνὴ ἀναγγέλλοντος ἐκ Δὰν ἥξει, καὶ ἀκουσθήσεται πόνος ἐξ ὄρους Ἐφραΐμ. Δὰν ἡ νῦν\n\nΠανεὰς ἐκαλεῖτο· αὕτη ἦν τῆς Ἰσραηλίτιδος γῆς, καὶ μαρτυρεῖ τῶν Βασιλειῶν ἡ ἱστορία· ἀπὸ Δὰν καὶ ἕως Βηρσαβεέ· ἀπὸ βοῤῥᾶ δὲ καὶ αὐτὴ, καὶ τὸ ὄρος τὸ Ἐφραῒμ τῆς Ἱερουσαλὴμ διάκειται· ἐκεῖθεν δὲ ὁ Βαβυλώνιος ἐποιήσατο τὴν πορείαν. Καὶ μάρτυς οὗτός τε ὁ προφήτης, καὶ τῶν Βασιλειῶν ἡ τετάρτη· λέγουσι δὲ ὡς τοὺς αἰχμαλώτους εἰς Ῥε βλαθὰ τῆς Ἐμὰθ ἀπήγαγον οἱ τοῦ Ναβουχοδονόσορ. Κώμη δέ ἐστιν ἡ Ῥεβλαθὰ τῆς νῦν καλουμέ νης Ἐμέσης· ὡς εἶναι δῆλον, ὅτι Ἐμὰθ τὴν μεγάλην τὴν Ἔμεσαν λέγει· τὴν δὲ ἄλλην Ἐμὰθ, τὴν Ἐπιφάνειαν· οὕτω γὰρ καὶ μέχρι τοῦ παρόντος τῇ ἐπιχωρίῳ καλεῖται φωνῇ. Ἐπειδὴ τοίνυν ἐκεῖθεν τρέχοντες τὰ λυπηρὰ προσεμένοντο·","english":"Through experience itself, he says, they will learn in the time of calamities that what was spoken through the false prophets was a spirit of error, not pure, not holy, nor a spirit of fulfillment—that is, not completing the Trinity—from which the present evils came upon me. \"But now I will speak my judgments to them.\" That is, the calamities which I will justly bring upon them. And he enumerates these, likening the chariots to a cloud and a storm, and the swiftness of the horses to eagles. He foretells also the lamentation that will come: \"Woe to us, for we are in misery.\" And after this he advises them to reap salvation through repentance. 14. For wash, he says, your heart from wickedness, O Jerusalem, that you may be saved; how long will your evil thoughts remain in you? For the wickedness of your thoughts has been the cause of these evils for you. 15. For a voice announcing from Dan will come, and pain will be heard from the mountain of Ephraim. Dan, which is now\n\ncalled Paneas; this was in the land of Israel, and the history of the Kingdoms bears witness: \"from Dan even to Beersheba\"; and both this and the mountain of Ephraim lie to the north of Jerusalem; and from there the Babylonian made his march. And this prophet is a witness, and the fourth book of the Kingdoms; and they say that the men of Nebuchadnezzar led the captives away to Reblatha of Emath. And Reblatha is a village of what is now called Emesa; so that it is clear that he calls great Emath Emesa; and the other Emath, Epiphaneia; for thus even to the present it is called in the local tongue. Since, therefore, running from there they expected grievous things;","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":26,"ref":"p26","source":"ιϛʹ, ιζʹ. Ἰδοὺ συστροφαὶ ἔρχονται ἐκ γῆς μακρόθεν, καὶ ἔδωκαν ἐπὶ τὰς πόλεις Ἰούδα φωνὴν αὐτῶν. Ὡς φυλάσσοντες ἀγρὸν ἐγένοντο ἐπ' αὐ τὴν κυκλόθεν. Καθάπερ γὰρ, φησὶ, οἱ τὰ σπέρματα ἢ τὰς ἀμπέλους φυλάσσοντες, ἀκριβῶς ταῦτα φυλάττουσι, καὶ τοὺς ὁδίτας δι' αὐτῶν παρ ιέναι κωλύουσιν· οὕτως οὗτοι τὴν Ἱερουσαλὴμ πολιορκήσουσι, καὶ οὐδένα διαφυγεῖν συγχωρήσουσι. Διδάσκει δὲ καὶ ὁ προφήτης, καὶ τῶν Βασιλειῶν ἡ τετάρτη, ὡς καὶ τεῖχος περιῳκοδόμησαν κύκλῳ ἀπὸ τετραπόδων λίθων, ὥστε μηδένα διαδράναι τῶν ἐνοικούντων. Ταῦτα δὲ πείσῃ, φησὶν, \"Ὅτι ἐμοῦ ἠμέλησας, λέγει Κύριος.\" ιηʹ. Αἱ ὁδοί σου καὶ τὰ ἐπιτηδεύματά σου ἐποίησάν σοι ταῦτα· αὕτη ἡ κακία σου, ὅτι πι κρὰ, ὅτι ἥψατο ἕως τῆς καρδίας σου. Ἄξια ὧν ἐτόλμησας ὑπομενεῖς, καὶ θερίσεις ἃ ἔσπαρκας. Ταῦτα προειπὼν ὁ προφήτης ὑπὲρ ἐκείνων ὀδυνᾶται, καὶ ἀποδύρεται, καὶ λέγει τὴν κοιλίαν ἠλγηκέναι, καὶ τὰ τῆς καρδίας αἰσθητήρια· καὶ μιμεῖται μητέρα σπαρασσομένην ἐπὶ τέκνων ὀλέθρῳ. ιθʹ, κʹ. Μαιμάσσει γὰρ, φησὶν, ἡ ψυχή μου, σπαράσσεται ἡ καρδία μου, οὐ σιωπήσομαι· ὅτι φωνὴν σάλπιγγος ἤκουσεν ἡ ψυχή μου, κραυ γὴν πολέμου. Καὶ ταλαιπωρίαν, καὶ συντριμμὸν ἐπικαλεῖται. Ταῦτα γὰρ ἡ σάλπιγξ σημαίνει, ταῦτα προδηλοῖ τὰ κακά· λέγει δὲ καὶ τὴν γῆν ταλαιπωρῆσαι, καὶ τὴν σκηνὴν διαῤῥαγῆναι, καὶ τὰς δέῤῥεις διασπασθῆναι· διὰ δὲ τούτων τῆς πόλεως αἰνίττεται τὴν κατάλυσιν. Ἐξηγεῖται καὶ τῶν φευ γόντων τὸ πλῆθος, καὶ ἐκ προσώπου τοῦ Θεοῦ φησι· κβʹ. Διότι οἱ ἡγούμενοι τοῦ λαοῦ μου ἐμὲ οὐκ ᾔδεισαν, οἱ υἱοὶ ἄφρονές εἰσι, καὶ οὐ συνετοί.","english":"16, 17. Behold, gatherings are coming from a land far off, and they have given their voice against the cities of Judah. They have become like those who guard a field against it round about. For just as, he says, those who guard seeds or vineyards carefully guard these things and prevent travelers from passing through them, so these men will besiege Jerusalem and will allow no one to escape. The prophet also teaches, and the fourth book of Kingdoms, that they even built a wall round about with hewn stones, so that none of the inhabitants could run away. These things, he says, you will suffer \"because you neglected me, says the Lord.\" 18. Your ways and your practices have brought these things upon you; this is your wickedness, that it is bitter, that it has touched even your heart. You will endure things worthy of what you dared, and you will reap what you have sown. Having foretold these things, the prophet grieves on their behalf and laments, and says that his belly aches and the senses of his heart; and he imitates a mother torn apart at the destruction of her children. 19, 20. For my soul rages, he says, my heart is torn, I will not be silent; for my soul has heard the sound of the trumpet, the cry of war. And he calls upon misery and destruction. For the trumpet signifies these things, it foretells these evils; and he says also that the land has suffered misery, and the tent has been torn apart, and the curtains have been rent; and through these things he hints at the destruction of the city. He also explains the multitude of those who flee, and says from the person of God: 22. Because the leaders of my people did not know me, they are foolish sons, and not understanding.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":27,"ref":"p27","source":"Καὶ ἵνα μὴ νομισθῶσιν ἄξιοι εἶναι συγγνώμης ὡς ἄφρονες, εὐθὺς ἐπήγαγεν· \"Σοφοί εἰσι τοῦ κακο ποιῆσαι, τὸ δὲ καλῶς ποιῆσαι οὐκ ἔγνωσαν.\" Τοῦτο γὰρ δὴ τὸ παγχάλεπον, ὅτι εἰς οὐδὲν ἐχρήσαντο τῇ φρονήσει, καθάπερ οἱ μέθυσοι τῷ οἴνῳ, καὶ τῷ σιδήρῳ οἱ ἀνδροφόνοι. κγʹ–κεʹ. Ἐπέβλεψα εἰς τὴν γῆν, καὶ ἰδοὺ οὐ δέν· καὶ εἰς τὸν οὐρανὸν, καὶ οὐκ ἦν τὰ φῶτα αὐτοῦ. Εἶδον τὰ ὄρη, καὶ ἰδοὺ ἦν τρέμοντα· καὶ πάντας τοὺς βουνοὺς ταρασσομένους. Ἐπέβλεψα, καὶ ἰδοὺ οὐχ ὑπῆρχεν ἄνθρωπος, καὶ πάντα τὰ πετεινὰ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ ἐπτοεῖτο. Ταῦτα πάσχειν εἰώθασιν οἱ συμφοραῖς περιπίπτοντες· οὔτε γὰρ τὸ φῶς αὐτοῖς φῶς εἶναι δοκεῖ, οὔτε ἡ ἡμέρα ἡμέρα, οὔτε τὰ ἡδέα ἡδέα. Πάντα εἰς τοὐναντίον αὐτοῖς μεταβέβληται. κϛʹ. Εἶδον, καὶ ἰδοὺ ὁ Κάρμηλος ἔρημος, καὶ πᾶσαι αἱ πόλεις ἐμπεπρησμέναι πυρὶ ἀπὸ προσ ώπου Κυρίου, καὶ ἀπὸ προσώπου τῆς ὀργῆς αὐτοῦ ἠφανίσθησαν. Εἰκὸς μὲν καὶ αὐτὸν δῃωθῆ ναι τὸν Κάρμηλον, ἐν τῇ τῶν πολεμίων ἐφόδῳ· ἐγὼ δὲ οἶμαι Κάρμηλον ἐνταῦθα τροπικῶς τὴν Ἱερουσαλὴμ ὀνομάζεσθαι, διὰ τὸ πλῆθος τῶν ἐνοικούντων. κζʹ. Τάδε λέγει Κύριος· Ἔρημος ἔσται πᾶσα ἡ γῆ· συντέλειαν δὲ οὐ μὴ ποιήσω. Πᾶσαν τὴν γῆν τὴν Παλαιστίνην λέγει· ὑπισχνεῖται δὲ τὴν ἀνάκλησιν. Εἶτα παρακελεύεται· κηʹ. Ἐπὶ τούτοις πενθείτω ἡ γῆ, συσκοτα σάτω ὁ οὐρανὸς ἄνωθεν, διότι ἐλάλησα. Συνᾴδει γὰρ ἡ κτίσις τῷ Ποιητῇ. \"Παρατέταγμαι, καὶ οὐ μετανοήσω.\" Τὸ, \"Οὐ μετανοήσω,\" ἀνθρωπίνως τέθεικεν· ἀπαθὲς γὰρ τὸ Θεῖον· ἀντὶ τοῦ, Ἐδοκίμασα τιμωρήσασθαι. \"Ὥρμησα, καὶ οὐκ ἀποστρέψω ἀπ' αὐτῆς,\" τουτέστι, τῆς ὁρμῆς. Διδάσκει δὲ τίς αὕτη·","english":"And so that they might not be thought worthy of pardon as being fools, he immediately added: \"They are wise to do evil, but to do good they have not known.\" For this is the most grievous thing of all, that they used their understanding for nothing, like drunkards with wine, and murderers with iron. 23–25. I looked upon the earth, and behold, it was nothing; and upon the heaven, and its lights were not. I saw the mountains, and behold, they were trembling; and all the hills were in confusion. I looked, and behold, there was no man, and all the birds of the heaven were terrified. Those who fall into calamities are accustomed to suffer these things; for neither does the light seem to them to be light, nor the day to be day, nor pleasant things to be pleasant. All things have been changed for them into the opposite. 26. I saw, and behold, Carmel was a desert, and all the cities were burned with fire from the face of the Lord, and from the face of his wrath they were destroyed. It is likely that Carmel itself was also laid waste in the enemy's assault; but I think that here Carmel is figuratively named for Jerusalem, because of the multitude of its inhabitants. 27. Thus says the Lord: All the land shall be a desert; but I will not make a complete end. He means all the land of Palestine; and he promises the recall. Then he exhorts: 28. For these things let the earth mourn, let the heaven above be darkened, because I have spoken. For the creation is in accord with the Maker. \"I have set myself in array, and I will not repent.\" The phrase \"I will not repent\" he has set down in a human way; for the Divine is impassible; it is instead of, I have determined to punish. \"I have rushed forth, and I will not turn back from it,\" that is, from the impulse. And he teaches what this is:","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":28,"ref":"p28","source":"ὅτι διὰ τὸ δέος τῶν τε ἱππέων καὶ\n\nτοξοτῶν εἰς φυγὴν ἐτρέποντο πάντες, καὶ οἱ μὲν εἰς τὰ ὄρη, οἱ δὲ εἰς τὰ ἄλση θαῤῥεῖν ἐπειράθησαν· πολ λοὶ δὲ καὶ τὰς πόλεις καταλιπόντες, τὰς τῶν ὀρῶν κατέλαβον κορυφάς. Εἶτα πρὸς τὴν Ἱερουσαλήμ· λʹ. Καὶ σὺ, ἡ ταλαίπωρος, τί ποιήσεις; Ἀντὶ τοῦ, Ποῦ φεύξῃ; ποῖον καταλήψῃ τόπον; \"Ἐὰν περιβάλῃ κόκκινον, καὶ κοσμήσῃ κόσμῳ χρυσῷ· καὶ ἐὰν χρίσῃ στίβῃ τοὺς ὀφθαλμούς σου, εἰς μά την ἐγένετο ὁ ὡραϊσμός σου· ἀπώσαντό σε οἱ ἐρασταί σου· τὴν ψυχήν σου ζητοῦσιν.\" Εἰώθεισαν ἐν ταῖς τῶν δαιμόνων ἑορταῖς καλλωπίζεσθαι· ἐκείνου αὐ τοὺς ἀναμιμνήσκει τοῦ κόσμου, καὶ διδάσκει ὡς ἀκερδῆ πάντα ἐκεῖνα καὶ ἐπιζήμια. Οὐδεμιᾶς γὰρ παρὰ τῶν δαιμόνων ἀπελαύσαντο συμμαχίας, μᾶλλον δὲ τούτων αὐτοῖς τῶν κακῶν γεγένηνται πρόξενοι. λαʹ. Ὅτι φωνὴν ὡς ὠδινούσης ἤκουσα· τοὺς στεναγμούς σου, ὡς πρωτοτοκούσης. Παρέστησε διὰ τῆς εἰκόνος τῆς ὀδύνης τὸ μέτρον. \"Οἴ μοι, ὅτι ἐκλείπει ἡ ψυχή μου ἐπὶ τοῖς ἀνῃρημένοις.\" Νόμον θεῖον πληροῖ, \"Κλαίειν μετὰ κλαιόντων,\" καὶ τοῖς τιμωρουμένοις συνοδυνώμενος. Ἡμεῖς δὲ ἐνταῦθα διαναπαύσαντες, παρακαλοῦμεν τοὺς ἐντευξομένους τῇ βίβλῳ, φυγεῖν μὲν τὴν τῶν δαιμόνων ἀπάτην, διὰ πάντων δὲ τὸν Θεὸν θεραπεῦσαι. Οὕτω γὰρ δυνησόμεθα, καὶ κατὰ τὸν παρόντα βίον τῆς παρ' αὐτοῦ προνοίας ἀπολαῦσαι, καὶ τῶν μελλόντων ἐπιτυχεῖν ἀγαθῶν· χάριτι καὶ φιλανθρωπίᾳ τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, μεθ' οὗ τῷ Πατρὶ σὺν τῷ παναγίῳ Πνεύματι δόξα, τιμὴ, καὶ κράτος, νῦν καὶ ἀεὶ, καὶ εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας τῶν αἰώνων. Ἀμήν. ΤΟΜΟΣ Β.","english":"because of fear of both the horsemen and the archers they all turned to flight, and some tried to take courage in the mountains, others in the groves; and many, abandoning even the cities, occupied the peaks of the mountains. Then, addressing Jerusalem: 30. And you, wretched woman, what will you do? That is, Where will you flee? What place will you occupy? \"Though you clothe yourself in scarlet, and adorn yourself with golden ornament; and though you paint your eyes with stibium, your beauty will be in vain; your lovers have thrust you away; they seek your life.\" They had been accustomed to beautify themselves at the festivals of the demons; he reminds them of that adornment, and teaches that all those things are profitless and harmful. For they enjoyed no alliance from the demons; rather, these became the cause of those evils to them. 31. For I heard a voice as of a woman in travail; your groanings, as of one giving birth to her firstborn. By the image of pain he set before them the measure of it. \"Woe is me, for my soul faints over those who have been slain.\" He fulfills the divine law, \"to weep with those who weep,\" and grieves together with those who are punished. And we, having rested here, entreat those who will read the book to flee from the deception of the demons, and through all things to serve God. For thus we shall be able both to enjoy his providence in the present life, and to attain the good things to come; by the grace and love for mankind of our Lord Jesus Christ, with whom to the Father together with the all-holy Spirit be glory, honor, and might, now and always, and unto the ages of ages. Amen. TOME II.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":29,"ref":"p29","source":"ΚΕΦΑΛ. Εʹ.\n\nαʹ. Περιδράμετε ἐν ταῖς ὁδοῖς Ἱερουσαλὴμ, καὶ ἴδετε, καὶ γνῶτε, καὶ ζητήσατε ἐν ταῖς πλα τείαις αὐτῆς, ἐὰν εὕρητε ἄνδρα ἐν αὐτῇ· ἐὰν εὑρεθῇ τις ποιῶν κρῖμα, καὶ ζητῶν τὴν πίστιν· καὶ ἵλεως ἔσομαι αὐτῇ, λέγει Κύριος. Ἀνυπέρβλητος καὶ ἡ ἐκείνων ἀσέβεια, καὶ ἡ τοῦ Δεσπότου φιλανθρωπία· οἱ μὲν γὰρ ὁμοθυμαδὸν εἰς παρα νομίαν· ὁ δὲ καὶ δι' ἑνὸς κατὰ νόμον πολιτευομένου συγγνώμην ἅπασιν ἐπαγγέλλεται· τὸ μέντοι, \"Ἴδετε, καὶ γνῶτε, καὶ ζητήσατε,\" ἀντὶ τοῦ, Μετὰ πάσης ἀκριβείας ἐρευνήσατε. βʹ. Ζῇ Κύριος, λέγουσιν, ὅμως δὲ ἐπὶ ψεύ δεσιν ὀμνύουσιν. Οὐδὲ γὰρ ἐν τοῖς πρόσθεν εἰρη μένοις μεταθεῖναι τὸν ὅρκον εἰς αὐτὸν ἁπλῶς παρηγγύησεν, ἀλλὰ μετὰ ἀληθείας ὀμόσαι. Εἶτα ὁ προφήτης· γʹ. Καὶ οἱ ὀφθαλμοί σου εἰς πίστιν. Τουτέστι, Μαρτυρεῖς οἷς λέγω. Ἐφορᾷς γὰρ πάντα. \"Ἐμαστίγωσας αὐτοὺς, καὶ οὐκ ἐπόνεσαν· συνετέλεσας αὐ τοὺς, καὶ οὐκ ἠθέλησαν δέξασθαι παιδείαν.\" Τὸ μὲν πρότερον τὴν σύμμετρον παιδείαν δηλοῖ· τὸ δὲ, \"συν ετέλεσας,\" τὴν ἐπιτεταμένην· ἀλλ' ὅμως οὐδὲν αὐ τοὺς ὤνησε διὰ τὴν ἀτεράμονα γνώμην· τοῦτο γὰρ ἐν τοῖς ἑξῆς λέγει· \"Ἐστερέωσαν τὸ πρόσωπον αὑ τῶν ὑπὲρ πέτραν, καὶ οὐκ ἠθέλησαν ἐπιστραφῆναι.\" Τὴν ἀναίδειαν αὐτῶν, καὶ ἀπείθειαν διὰ τούτων δηλοῖ. δʹ, εʹ. Καὶ ἐγὼ εἶπον· Ἴσως πτωχοί εἰσι, διότι οὐκ ἠδυνήθησαν, καὶ οὐκ ἔγνωσαν ὁδὸν Κυρίου, καὶ κρίσιν Θεοῦ αὑτῶν. Πορεύσομαι πρὸς τοὺς ἁδροὺς, καὶ λαλήσω αὐτοῖς· ὅτι αὐτοὶ ἔγνωσαν ὁδὸν Κυρίου, καὶ κρίσιν Θεοῦ. Ἁδροὺς ἐκάλεσε τοὺς ἱερέας καὶ τοὺς νομοδιδασκάλους·","english":"CHAPTER 5\n\n1. Run to and fro in the streets of Jerusalem, and see, and know, and seek in her broad places, if you can find a man in her; if there be found one who does justice and seeks faith, and I will be merciful to her, says the Lord. Beyond measure was their impiety, and beyond measure the loving-kindness of the Master. For they with one accord rushed into lawlessness, but he promises pardon to all even on account of one man living according to the law. The words \"See, and know, and seek\" stand for \"Search with all diligence.\" 2. \"As the Lord lives,\" they say, yet they swear upon falsehoods. For not even in what was said before did he simply command that the oath be transferred to him, but that one swear with truth. Then the prophet says: 3. \"And your eyes are upon faith.\" That is, You bear witness to what I say, for you look upon all things. \"You have chastised them, and they have not grieved; you have consumed them, and they were unwilling to receive discipline.\" The former phrase indicates moderate chastisement; the latter, \"you have consumed them,\" an intensified one. But nevertheless nothing profited them, because of their stubborn disposition; for this is what he says in what follows: \"They made their face harder than rock, and they were unwilling to turn back.\" By these words he declares their shamelessness and disobedience. 4, 5. And I said: Perhaps they are poor, because they were unable, and they have not known the way of the Lord, and the judgment of their God. I will go to the great ones, and I will speak to them, because they have known the way of the Lord, and the judgment of God. He called the priests and the teachers of the law \"great ones.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":30,"ref":"p30","source":"πτωχοὺς δὲ τοὺς ἄλλους, ὡς τῆς θείας γνώσεως τὸν πλοῦτον οὐ κεκτημένους· ἀμφοτέρων μέντοι παρανομίαν κατηγορεῖ· τοῦτο γὰρ ἐπάγει· \"Καὶ ἰδοὺ ὁμοθυμαδὸν συνέτριψαν ζυγὸν, διέῤῥηξαν δεσμούς.\" Ταῦτα οὐχ ἁπλῶς εἴρηκεν ὁ προφήτης· ἀλλ' ἐπειδὴ ὑπέσχετο ὁ Δεσπότης φιλανθρωπίαν, ἕνα γοῦν εἰ εὕρῃ ποιοῦντα κρῖμα, καὶ ζητοῦντα πίστιν, διδάσκει ὡς ἐπεζήτησε μὲν, ὡς προσετάχθη, πάντας δὲ εὗρε\n\nσυντρίψαντας τὸν τοῦ νόμου ζυγόν. ϛʹ. Διὰ τοῦτο ἔπαισεν αὐτοὺς λέων ἐκ τοῦ δρυ μοῦ, καὶ λύκος ἕως τῶν οἰκιῶν ὠλόθρευσεν αὐ τοὺς, καὶ πάρδαλις ἐγρηγόρησεν ἐπὶ τὰς πόλεις αὐτῶν. Λέοντα τὸν Ναβουχοδονόσορ καλεῖ, λύκον δὲ, ὡς οἶμαι, Ναβουζαρδᾶν τὸν ἀρχιμάγειρον· ὃς ὕστε ρον ἀποσταλεὶς, καὶ τὴν πόλιν ἐνέπρησε, καὶ τὸν θεῖον νεὼν καὶ τοὺς ὑπολειφθέντας ἐξηνδραπόδισε· πάρδαλιν δὲ ἡγοῦμαι Ἀντίοχον καλεῖσθαι τὸν Ἐπιφανῆ· καὶ γὰρ ὁ θεῖος Δανιὴλ τὴν Μακεδονικὴν βα σιλείαν παρδάλει εἶδεν ἀπεικασμένην· ὑπὸ τούτων, φησὶν, ἁπάντων ἐθηρεύθης διὰ τὴν περὶ τὰ εἴδωλα πλάνην. Εἶτα δικαστικῶς· ζʹ. Ποίᾳ τούτων ἵλεως γένωμαί σοι; Λέγει δὲ καὶ τῆς παρανομίας τὰ εἴδη. Οὐ γὰρ μόνον, φησὶν, ὑμεῖς, καὶ οἱ ὑμέτεροι παῖδες ὄμνυνται κατὰ τῶν οὐκ ὄντων θεῶν, ἀλλὰ καὶ τοὺς ἄλλους ὁρκίζετε· ἐγὼ δὲ ὑμῖν ἀφθονίαν ἀγαθῶν ἐδωρούμην. Τοῦτο γὰρ λέγει, \"Καὶ ἐχόρτασα αὐτούς.\" Πρὸς δὲ τούτοις καὶ ἀλλοτρίους διορύττετε γάμους, ὡς τὴν λαγνείαν ὑμῶν ἵπποις θηλυμανέσιν ἀπεικάζεσθαι. Εἶτα συλλογιστικῶς· θʹ. Μὴ ἐπὶ τούτοις οὐκ ἐπισκέψομαι; λέγει Κύριος· ἢ ἐν ἔθνει τῷ τοιούτῳ οὐκ ἐκδικήσει ἡ ψυχή μου; Ταῦτά με, φησὶ, παριδεῖν δυνατόν;","english":"But the others he calls poor, as not possessing the wealth of divine knowledge; yet he accuses both of lawlessness, for this is what he adds: \"And behold, with one accord they broke the yoke, they burst the bonds.\" The prophet has not said these things idly; but since the Master promised loving-kindness, that if he found even one doing justice and seeking faith, he teaches that he sought, as he was commanded, but found all having broken the yoke of the law. 6. Therefore a lion from the thicket struck them, and a wolf destroyed them even to their houses, and a leopard kept watch over their cities. He calls Nebuchadnezzar a lion, and a wolf, as I think, Nebuzaradan the chief cook, who later was sent and burned the city, and enslaved the divine temple and those left behind; and a leopard I consider to be called Antiochus Epiphanes; for the divine Daniel also saw the Macedonian kingdom likened to a leopard; by all these, he says, you were hunted because of your error concerning idols. Then judicially: 7. With which of these shall I be propitious to you? And he also speaks of the forms of lawlessness. For not only, he says, do you and your children swear by the gods that are not, but you also put others under oath; and I was granting you an abundance of good things. For this is what he says: \"And I filled them.\" And besides these things you also break into others' marriages, so that your lust is likened to female-mad horses. Then by way of conclusion: 9. Shall I not visit for these things? says the Lord; or shall my soul not take vengeance on such a nation? These things, he says, can I overlook?","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":31,"ref":"p31","source":"Καὶ πῶς οἷόν τε παραφθεῖραι τοῦ δικαίου τὴν ψῆφον; Οὗ δὴ χάριν, ταύτην ἐκφέρει, καὶ κελεύει καὶ τὰ τείχη καταλῦσαι, καὶ κατασκάψαι τοὺς προμαχῶνας· κεράννυσι δὲ τὸ δίκαιον ἀγαθότητι. ιʹ. Συντέλειαν γὰρ, φησὶ, μὴ ποιήσετε· ὑπολείπεσθε τὰ ὑποστηρίγματα αὐτῆς, ὅτι τοῦ Κυρίου ἐστίν. Αἰνίττεται δὲ διὰ τούτων τὴν ἀνά κλησιν, καὶ τὴν δευτέραν οἰκοδομίαν. Προλέγει δὲ τῶν λυπηρῶν τὴν αἰτίαν ὅτι παρανομοῦντες καὶ ἀχάριστοι περὶ τὸν εὐεργέτην γιγνόμενοι ἐθρασύνοντο, καὶ κρείττους ἔσεσθαι τῶν λυπηρῶν ὑπελάμβανον. ιβʹ. Οὐχ ἥξει γὰρ, φησὶν, ἐφ' ἡμᾶς κακὰ, καὶ μάχαιραν καὶ λιμὸν οὐκ ὀψόμεθα. Αἴτιοι γὰρ τούτων ἦσαν οἱ ψευδοπροφῆται· τούτων γὰρ ἐν τοῖς ἐπαγομένοις κατηγορεῖ. ιγʹ. Οἱ προφῆται ὑμῶν ἦσαν εἰς ἄνεμον· καὶ λόγος Κυρίου οὐχ ὑπῆρχεν αὐτοῖς. Τὸ δὲ \"εἰς ἄνεμον\" τὸ μάταιον καὶ ψευδὲς τῶν λεγομένων δη λοῖ· οὐ γὰρ τοῦ θείου μετέλαχον Πνεύματος. Οὗ δὴ χάριν πρὸς τὸν προφήτην φησὶν, ὅτι Ὁ λόγος, ὃν διὰ τῆς σῆς φθέγγομαι γλώττης, πυρὸς αὐτοὺς δίκην κατανα λώσει· ὑποδείκνυσι δὲ καὶ τῆς τιμωρίας τὸν τρόπον ιεʹ. Ἰδοὺ ἐγὼ ἐπάγω ἐφ' ὑμᾶς ἔθνος πόῤῥωθεν, οἶκος Ἰσραὴλ, λέγει Κύριος, ἔθνος ἀρχαῖόν ἐστι. Τοὺς Ἀσσυρίους λέγει· ἔθνος δὲ αὐτοὺς ἀρχαῖον καλεῖ, ἐπειδήπερ ἡ τούτων βασιλεία πασῶν ἐστι πρεσβυτάτη· Νεμβρὼθ γὰρ μετὰ τὸν κατα κλυσμὸν πρῶτος αὐτῶν ἐβασίλευσεν. Εἶτα λέγει καὶ τῆς φωνῆς τὸ ἀλλόγλωττον. Καὶ τὴν φαρέτραν ἀπεικάζει τάφῳ ἀνεῳγμένῳ, διὰ τὸ θανατηφόρον τῶν βελῶν, καὶ τῆς τοξείας τὸ εὔστοχον. Λέγει δὲ καὶ τῆς γῆς τὴν δῄωσιν, καὶ τῶν οἰκιῶν τὴν πόρθησιν, καὶ τὴν τῶν ἀνθρώπων σφαγήν.","english":"And how is it possible to corrupt the sentence of the just one? For this reason he brings it forth, and commands both to destroy the walls and to raze the bulwarks; and he mingles justice with goodness. 10. For he says, Do not make a complete end; leave the supports of it, because they belong to the Lord. By these words he hints at the calling back and the second building. And he foretells the cause of the sorrows, that transgressing the law and becoming ungrateful toward their benefactor they grew bold, and supposed that they would be stronger than the sorrows. 12. For he says, Evil shall not come upon us, and we shall not see sword and famine. For the false prophets were the cause of these things; for he accuses them in what follows. 13. Your prophets were for the wind; and the word of the Lord was not in them. And \"for the wind\" makes clear the vanity and falsehood of what was said; for they did not partake of the divine Spirit. For this reason he says to the prophet that the word which I utter through your tongue will consume them like fire; and he also shows the manner of the punishment. 15. Behold, I bring upon you a nation from afar, O house of Israel, says the Lord, it is an ancient nation. He means the Assyrians; and he calls them an ancient nation, since their kingdom is the oldest of all; for Nimrod after the flood was the first to reign over them. Then he also mentions the foreignness of their speech. And he likens the quiver to an open tomb, because of the deadly nature of the arrows and the sure aim of the archery. And he speaks also of the ravaging of the land, and the sacking of the houses, and the slaughter of men.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":32,"ref":"p32","source":"Προλέγει μέν τοι καὶ τὴν τῶν πολεμίων κατάλυσιν, καὶ τὴν τού των ἀνάκλησιν. ιηʹ. Οὐ γὰρ μὴ ποιήσω, φησὶν, ὑμᾶς εἰς συν τέλειαν. Καὶ ἐπειδὴ ἀναλγησίαν ἐνόσουν, καὶ τὰς οἰκείας οὐχ ἑώρων παρανομίας, ἀλλ' ἔλεγον· ιθʹ. Ἕνεκα τίνος ἐποίησεν ἡμῖν Κύριος ὁ Θεὸς ἡμῶν πάντα ταῦτα; κελεύει τῷ προφήτῃ πρὸς αὐτοὺς εἰπεῖν, \"Ἀνθ' ὧν ἐγκατελίπετέ με, καὶ ἐδουλεύσατε θεοῖς ἑτέροις ἐν τῇ γῇ ὑμῶν, οὕτως δουλεύσετε ἀλλοτρίοις ἐν γῇ οὐχ ὑμῶν.\" Δικαία δὲ τῆς τιμωρίας ἡ ψῆφος. Ἐπειδὴ, φησὶ, τὴν ἐμὴν ἠρνήθητε βασιλείαν, ἑτέροις ὑμᾶς παραδώσω δεσπόταις. Ταῦτα αὐτοὺς σπουδαίως ἀκοῦσαι κελεύει, καὶ μωροὺς, καὶ ἀσυνέτους καλεῖ, ἐπειδὴ τοῖς τοῦ σώ ματος αἰσθητηρίοις οὐκ εἰς δέον ἐκέχρηντο. \"Ὀφθαλ μοὶ γὰρ αὐτοῖς, φησὶ, καὶ οὐ βλέπουσιν· ὦτα αὐ τοῖς, καὶ οὐκ ἀκούουσι.\" Δείκνυσι καὶ αὐτοὺς καὶ ἀψύχων ἀλογωτέρους. Ἡ μὲν γὰρ θάλαττα, φησὶ, φυλάττει τοὺς ὅρους· ἔθηκα δὲ αὐτῇ ὅρους, οὐκ ἀδαμάντινον τεῖχος, ἀλλὰ ψάμμον εὐτελεστάτην· ἀλλ' ὅμως κυκωμένη καὶ ταρασσομένη οὐχ ὑπερβαί νει τοὺς ὅρους, ἀλλὰ τούτοις πελάζουσα εἰς τοὐπίσω χωρεῖ·","english":"He foretells also the destruction of the enemies and their recall. 18. For he says, I will not make you a complete end. And since they were sick with insensibility and did not see their own transgressions, but said: 19. For what reason has the Lord our God done all these things to us? he commands the prophet to say to them, \"Because you forsook me and served other gods in your land, so shall you serve strangers in a land that is not yours.\" And the verdict of the punishment is just. Since, he says, you have denied my kingdom, I will deliver you over to other masters. He commands them to hear these things earnestly, and calls them fools and senseless, since they did not use the senses of the body as they ought. \"For they have eyes,\" he says, \"and they do not see; they have ears, and they do not hear.\" He shows that they are even more irrational than inanimate things. For the sea, he says, keeps its bounds; I set bounds for it, not a wall of adamant, but the most worthless sand; yet though it is stirred up and troubled, it does not overstep its bounds, but approaching them it goes backward.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":33,"ref":"p33","source":"οὗτοι δὲ λόγῳ τιμηθέντες, τὴν ἀλογίαν ἠγά πησαν. κγʹ. Τῷ γὰρ τούτῳ λαῷ, φησὶ, ἐγενήθη καρδία ἀνήκοος καὶ ἀπειθής. Οὐ γὰρ αἰσθάνονται τῶν ὑπ' ἐμοῦ χορηγηθέντων ἀγαθῶν· ὑετὸν μὲν γὰρ αὐτοῖς πρώϊμον καὶ ὄψιμον διηνεκῶς παρέχω. Ἔπειτα δὲ καὶ τῶν ἀπὸ γῆς καρπῶν ἀπολαύουσι. Τοῦτο γὰρ εἶπε, \"Κατὰ καιρὸν πληρώσεως προστάγματα θερισμοῦ.\" Οἷον γάρ τινι προστάγματι τῷ βουλή ματι κέχρηται· καὶ πλήρεις τοὺς ἀπὸ γῆς δωρεῖται καρπούς. Ἀλλ' ὅμως παρανομοῦντας ὑμᾶς ὁρῶν, καὶ τούτων ἐστέρησα τῶν ἀγαθῶν. κϛʹ, κζʹ. Εὑρέθησαν γὰρ ἐν τῷ λαῷ μου ἀσεβεῖς, καὶ παγίδας ἔστησαν διαφθεῖραι ἄνδρας, καὶ συνελάμβανον. Ὡς παγὶς ἐφισταμένη πλήρης πετεινῶν, οὕτως οἱ οἶκοι αὐτῶν πλήρεις δόλου. Τὰς λαθραίας αὐτῶν ἐπιβουλὰς διὰ τούτων δεδήλωκε. Λέγει δὲ καὶ τὸν ἐκ τῆς ἀδικίας ἐγγιγνόμενον πλοῦ τον, καὶ τὴν ἐκ τοῦ πλούτου προσγιγνομένην ἀλαζο νείαν, καὶ τὸν παράνομον βίον, καὶ τὴν κατὰ τῶν ὀρφανῶν καὶ χηρῶν ἀδικίαν. Καὶ μετὰ ταῦτα ἐπ άγει· κθʹ. Μὴ ἐπὶ τούτοις οὐκ ἐπισκέψομαι, ἢ ἐν ἔθνει τῷ τοιούτῳ οὐκ ἐκδικιεῖ ἡ ψυχή μου; Ἀλλότριον, φησὶ, τῆς ἐμῆς δικαιοκρισίας, ἡ τῶν τοιούτων ὑπεροψία. λʹ. Ἔκστασις δὲ, καὶ φρικτὰ ἐγενήθη ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς. Ὅταν παρ' ἐλπίδα πᾶσαν παρανόμως τι γινό μενον ἴδωμεν, ταῦτα λέγειν εἰώθαμεν· Ἐξέστην ἐπὶ τῷδε ἔφριξα τόδε ἀκούσας. Εἶτα λέγει τὰ τούτων αἴτια. λαʹ. Οἱ προφῆται ὑμῶν προφητεύουσιν ἄδικα· τουτέστι, ψευδῆ. \"Καὶ οἱ ἱερεῖς ἐπεκρότησαν ταῖς χερσὶν αὑτῶν.\" Συγκαταθέσεως τοῦτο σημεῖον. \"Καὶ ὁ λαός μου ἠγάπησεν οὕτως.\" Τὴν κακὴν ἁπάντων ὑπέδειξε συμφωνίαν.","english":"But these men, honored with reason, loved unreason. 23. For to this people, he says, a heart has become disobedient and rebellious. For they do not perceive the good things provided by me; for I continually supply them with the early and the late rain. And then they also enjoy the fruits of the earth. For this is what he said: \"At the time of the fulfillment, commands of harvest.\" For he has used his will as a kind of command; and he grants them the fruits of the earth in full. But nevertheless, seeing you transgressing the law, I also deprived you of these good things. 26, 27. For there were found in my people impious men, and they set snares to destroy men, and they caught them. As a snare set full of birds, so their houses are full of deceit. By these words he has indicated their secret plots. He speaks also of the wealth that comes from injustice, and the arrogance that arises from wealth, and the lawless life, and the injustice against orphans and widows. And after these things he adds: 29. Shall I not visit for these things, or shall my soul not take vengeance on such a nation? It is alien, he says, to my righteous judgment, the overlooking of such things. 30. Astonishment and horrors have come to pass on the earth. Whenever we see something done lawlessly beyond all expectation, we are accustomed to say these things: I was astonished at this, I shuddered when I heard this. Then he states the causes of these things. 31. Your prophets prophesy unjust things—that is, false things. \"And the priests clapped their hands.\" This is a sign of consent. \"And my people loved it so.\" He has shown the evil agreement of all.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":34,"ref":"p34","source":"\"Καὶ τί ποιήσετε μετὰ ταῦτα;\" Ἀντὶ τοῦ, τῆς τιμωρίας ἐπιφερο μένης· δηλοῖ δὲ ταύτην διὰ τῶν ἑξῆς ΚΕΦΑΛ. ςʹ.\n\nΠαρακελεύεται γὰρ τὸν τῆς Βενιαμίτιδος φυλῆς· συνῆπτο δὲ αὕτη τῇ τοῦ Ἰούδα, σημᾶναι τῇ σάλ πιγγι, καὶ εἰς παράταξιν ἑτοίμους γενέσθαι, ὡς τῶν ἀπὸ βοῤῥᾶ πολεμίων κατὰ τῆς Ἱερουσαλὴμ ὁρμώντων. Ὡραίαν γὰρ καὶ τρυφερὰν αὐτὴν καλεῖ· ὡραίαν μὲν, διὰ τὸ κάλλος τῶν οἰκημάτων· τρυφερὰν δὲ, διὰ τὸ ἁβροδίαιτον τῶν ἐνοικούντων ἐν αὐ τῇ. γʹ. Ἥξουσι ποιμένες καὶ τὰ ποίμνια αὐτῶν, καὶ πήξουσιν ἐπ' αὐτὴν σκηνὰς, καὶ ποιμανοῦσιν ἕκαστος τῇ χειρὶ αὑτοῦ τὴν ἀγέλην αὑτοῦ. Ποιμένας τοὺς βασιλέας καλεῖ, τοὺς μετὰ τοῦ Να βουχοδονόσορ ἐπιστρατεύσαντας· ἀγέλας δὲ καὶ ποίμνας, τὰς στρατιὰς τὰς ὑπὸ τούτους τελούσας· τὴν δὲ τῆς πόλεως πολιορκίαν διὰ τούτων δεδήλωκεν. Εἶτα λέγει καὶ τὰς ἐν μεσημβρίᾳ παρατάξεις, καὶ τὰς ἑσπερινὰς ἐφόδους, καὶ τὰς νυκτερινὰς προσβο λὰς, καὶ ὡς δρυμὸν ἄκαρπον ἐκκόψαι παρακελεύεται· ὅλη γάρ ἐστι ψευδὴς κατὰ δυναστείαν αὑτῆς· συμβαίνει δὲ ταῦτα καὶ τοῖς πρόσθεν εἰρημένοις. ζʹ. Ὡς ψύχει λάκκος ὕδωρ αὑτοῦ, οὕτω ψύχει κακίαν αὑτῆς. Ἔδει τὴν τῷ Θεῷ ἀνακειμένην πόλιν, καὶ τοὺς παρανομίᾳ συζῶντας ὑποδεχομένην, εὐνομίαν διδάσκειν· νῦν δὲ τοὐναντίον ἐγκαλεῖται, ὅτι αὕτη διδάσκαλος ἀσεβείας ἐγένετο· καὶ καθά περ ὁ λάκκος εἰς ψυχρὰν ποιότητα μεταβάλλει τὸ ὕδωρ· οὕτως εἰς πονηρίαν αὕτη τοὺς πρὸς αὐτὴν παραγινομένους μετέβαλε· τὴν μέντοι πόλιν, οὐ τὰς οἰκοδομὰς, ἀλλὰ τοὺς ἐνοικοῦντας καλεῖ.","english":"And what will you do after these things? This means: when the punishment is brought upon them; and he makes this clear through what follows in chapter 6.\n\nFor he exhorts the tribe of Benjamin—and this tribe was joined to that of Judah—to signal with the trumpet and to be ready for battle, since the enemies from the north are rushing against Jerusalem. For he calls her beautiful and delicate: beautiful, because of the beauty of her dwellings; delicate, because of the luxurious living of those who dwell in her. 3. Shepherds shall come and their flocks, and they shall pitch their tents against her, and each shall pasture his own herd with his own hand. He calls the kings shepherds—those who campaigned with Nebuchadnezzar—and herds and flocks, the armies subject to them; and through these things he has indicated the siege of the city. Then he speaks also of the noonday formations, and the evening assaults, and the nighttime attacks, and he exhorts them to cut down the forest as unfruitful; for it is wholly false in its own dominion; and these things happen also to those previously mentioned. 7. As a cistern cools its water, so she cools her wickedness. The city consecrated to God, and receiving those who live with lawlessness, ought to have taught lawfulness; but now the opposite is charged against her, that she has become a teacher of impiety; and just as the cistern changes the water to a cold quality, so she has changed those who come to her to wickedness; yet he calls the city, not the buildings, but those who dwell in it.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":35,"ref":"p35","source":"\"Ἀσέβεια καὶ ταλαιπωρία ἀκουσθήσεται ἐν αὐτῇ ἐπὶ προσ ώπου μου διαπαντός.\" Οὐδὲ τὴν ἐμὴν ἐνοίκησιν ἐδε δίεισαν, ἀλλ' ὁρῶντός μου πᾶσαν ἐτόλμων ἀσέβειαν. Εἶτα παραίνεσιν εἰσάγει καὶ συμβουλήν. Ἐν πόνῳ καὶ μάστιγι (ηʹ) παιδεύθητι, Ἱερουσαλὴμ, μήποτε ἀποστῇ ἡ ψυχή μου ἀπὸ σοῦ, καὶ ποιήσω σε ἄβατον γῆν, ἥτις οὐ κατοικη θήσεται. Τὴν ἄῤῥητον τοῦ Δεσπότου φιλανθρωπίαν καὶ ταῦτα δηλοῖ· ἀπειλῶν γὰρ αὐτῇ τὰ σκυθρωπὰ, ὑπισχνεῖται μεταβαλλομένῃ τὴν τούτων ἀπαλλαγήν. Ἐπειδὴ δὲ τὴν εἰσήγησιν οὐκ ἐδέχοντο,\n\nτρυγητὰς μὲν καλεῖ τοὺς πολεμίους· ἐντέλλεται δὲ αὐτοῖς ἅπαντας αὐτοὺς συναγαγεῖν, ὡς ἀμπέλου καρπὸν, καὶ τὴν αἰτίαν διδάσκει. ιʹ. Πρὸς τίνα λαλήσω, καὶ διαμαρτύρωμαι, καὶ ἀκούσεται; Ἰδοὺ ἀπερίτμητα τὰ ὦτα αὐτῶν, καὶ οὐ δύνανται ἀκούειν. Ἰδοὺ τὸ ῥῆμα Κυρίου ἐγένετο αὐτοῖς εἰς ὀνειδισμόν· οὐ μὴ βουληθῶσιν αὐτὸ ἀκοῦσαι. Ἀπερίτμητα ὦτα καλεῖ τὰ ἀδιακρίτως πάντα δεχόμενα. Τοιοῦτοι ἦσαν καὶ οὗτοι· τὰ παρὰ τῶν ψευδοπροφητῶν προσφερόμενα τερπνὰ ὄντα ῥᾳδίως δεχόμενοι, τοῖς θείοις λόγοις προσέχειν οὐκ ἤθελον, ἀλλ' ἐκωμῴδουν καὶ διεχλεύαζον τοὺς προφήτας. Εἶτα διδάσκει τὴν τῆς μακροθυμίας ὑπερβολήν. ιαʹ. Τὸν θυμόν μου ἐπλήρωσα, καὶ ἐπέσχον, καὶ οὐ συνετέλεσα αὐτούς. Ἀντὶ τοῦ, Ὥρμησα κολάσαι, καὶ οἴκτου πάλιν αὐτοὺς ἠξίωσα καὶ φει δοῦς. Ἀπειλεῖ δὲ κοινὴν καὶ νέοις καὶ πρεσβύταις, καὶ ἀνδράσι καὶ γυναιξὶ τιμωρίαν ἐπάξειν, ἐπειδὴ κοινῇ πάντες τὴν παρανομίαν ἠγάπησαν, καὶ οἱ τῆς ἱερωσύνης ἠξιωμένοι, μετὰ τῶν τὰ ψευδῆ προαγο ρεύειν τολμώντων. Λέγει δὲ καὶ τὰ ὑπὸ τούτων τολμώμενα· ιδʹ.","english":"Impiety and misery will be heard in her before my face continually.\" They did not even fear my indwelling, but dared every impiety while I was watching. Then he introduces an exhortation and counsel. In pain and scourge (8) be instructed, Jerusalem, lest my soul depart from you, and I make you an untrodden land, which will not be inhabited. These things also reveal the ineffable loving-kindness of the Master; for while threatening her with gloomy things, he promises release from them if she changes. But since they did not accept the instruction,\n\nhe calls the enemies vintagers; and he commands them to gather them all together, as the fruit of a vine, and he teaches the reason. (10) To whom shall I speak, and testify, and he will hear? Behold, their ears are uncircumcised, and they cannot hear. Behold, the word of the Lord has become to them a reproach; they will not wish to hear it. He calls ears uncircumcised that receive all things without distinction. Such were these also: readily receiving the pleasant things offered by the false prophets, they did not wish to attend to the divine words, but mocked and jeered at the prophets. Then he teaches the excess of his long-suffering. (11) I have filled my wrath, and I restrained, and I did not complete them. Instead of: I rushed to punish, and again I deemed them worthy of pity and spared them. And he threatens to bring common punishment upon both young and old, and men and women, since all in common loved lawlessness, and those deemed worthy of the priesthood, along with those who dared to foretell false things. And he speaks also of the things dared by these. (14)","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":36,"ref":"p36","source":"Καὶ ἰῶντο τὸ σύντριμμα τοῦ λαοῦ ἐπ' ἀτιμίᾳ, ἐξουθενοῦντές με, καὶ λέγοντες· Εἰρήνη, εἰρήνη. Ἔπειτα κατ' ἐρώτησιν· \"Καὶ ποῦ ἔστιν εἰρήνη;\" Δέον, φησὶ, θεραπεύειν τὰ πάθη τοῖς αὐστηροτέροις φαρμάκοις, ἐπέτριβον ταῦτα τῇ τῆς εἰρήνης ἐπαγγελίᾳ· ποῦ τοίνυν τῶν λόγων τὸ τέ λος; Ἀντὶ γὰρ τῆς εἰρήνης πανωλεθρίαν ὁρῶσι. Δείκνυσι δὲ αὐτῶν καὶ τῆς ἀναιδείας ὑπερβολήν. Καταισχυνθέντες γὰρ, φησὶν, ὡς τὰ ψευδῆ προειρηκότες, ἐρυθριᾷν οὐκ ἀνέχονται. Τοῦτο γὰρ λέγει· ιεʹ. Οὐδ' ὡς καταισχυνόμενοι ᾐσχύνθησαν, καὶ τὴν ἀτιμίαν αὐτῶν οὐκ ἔγνωσαν. Ἀλλ' ὅμως τίσουσι, φησὶν, ἐν καιρῷ ὧν ἐτόλμησαν δίκας. \"Ἐν καιρῷ γὰρ ἐπισκοπῆς αὑτῶν ἀσθενήσουσιν, εἶπε Κύριος.\" Ἐντεῦθεν καὶ τῶν Ἰουδαίων τὴν ἀπείθειαν διδάσκει, καὶ τῶν ἐθνῶν προκηρύττει τὴν κλῆσιν. ιϛʹ. Τάδε λέγει Κύριος· Στῆτε ἐπὶ ταῖς ὁδοῖς, καὶ ἴδετε· ἐρωτήσατε τρίβους αἰωνίας, καὶ ἴδετε, ποία ἐστὶν ἡ ὁδὸς ἡ ἀγαθὴ, καὶ βαδίσατε ἐν αὐτῇ, καὶ εὑρήσετε ἁγίασμα ταῖς ψυχαῖς ὑμῶν. Ὁδοὶ μὲν πολλαὶ, οἱ ἅγιοι προφῆται· ὁδὸς δὲ ἀληθῶς ἀγαθὴ, αὐτὸς ὁ Κύριος ἡμῶν· ἀκούομεν γὰρ αὐτοῦ λέγοντος· \"Ἐγώ εἰμι ἡ ὁδὸς, καὶ ἡ ἀλήθεια, καὶ ἡ ζωή·\" ἑκάστη μέντοι τῶν προφητικῶν ὁδῶν εἰς ταύτην φέρει· καὶ γὰρ Μωσῆς ὁ νομοθέτης ταύ την ὑποδείκνυσι, λέγων· \"Προφήτην ὑμῖν ἀνα στήσει Κύριος ὁ Θεὸς ἡμῶν ἐκ τῶν ἀδελφῶν ὑμῶν, ὡς ἐμέ·\" καὶ τὰ ἑξῆς. Καὶ Δαβὶδ ὁ βασιλεὺς καὶ προφήτης, καὶ μέντοι καὶ Ἡσαΐας, καὶ Μιχαίας, καὶ Ἐζεκιὴλ, καὶ ἕκαστος τῶν προφητῶν ταύτην ὑπο δείκνυσι τὴν ὁδόν.","english":"And they healed the crushing of the people's wound for dishonor, despising me, and saying: \"Peace, peace.\" Then, by way of question: \"And where is peace?\" When it was necessary, he says, to treat the passions with harsher remedies, they wore them down with the promise of peace. Where, then, is the fulfillment of their words? For instead of peace they see utter destruction. And he shows also the excess of their shamelessness. For having been put to shame, he says, as though they had foretold false things, they do not endure to blush. For this is what he says: 15. Nor, as being put to shame, were they ashamed, and they did not know their dishonor. But nevertheless, he says, they will pay the penalty in time for what they dared. \"For in the time of their visitation they will be weak, says the Lord.\" From this he teaches also the disobedience of the Jews, and proclaims beforehand the calling of the Gentiles. 16. Thus says the Lord: Stand on the roads, and see; ask for the everlasting paths, and see which is the good way, and walk in it, and you will find sanctification for your souls. Many are the roads—the holy prophets; but the truly good way is our Lord himself; for we hear him saying: \"I am the way, and the truth, and the life.\" Each of the prophetic ways, however, leads to this one; for Moses the lawgiver also points this out, saying: \"The Lord our God will raise up for you a prophet from your brothers, like me,\" and the rest. And David the king and prophet, and indeed also Isaiah, and Micah, and Ezekiel, and each of the prophets points out this way.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":37,"ref":"p37","source":"Καὶ καθάπερ μία μὲν ὁδὸς, ἡ εἰς τὰς μεγίστας ἀπάγουσα πόλεις, ἣν βασίλειον καὶ βασιλικὴν ὀνομάζειν εἰώθαμεν, εἰς δὲ ταύτην ἀτραποί τινες ἀπὸ κωμῶν ἐμβάλλουσι καὶ ἀγρῶν· οὕτως μία μὲν ἔστιν ἡ ὁδὸς ἡ ἀπάγουσα πρὸς Πα τέρα, ὁ μονογενὴς Υἱὸς τοῦ Θεοῦ· οἷον δέ τινες ἀτραποὶ, οἱ μακάριοι προφῆται, εἰς ταύτην ἄγουσι τὴν ὁδὸν τοὺς δι' αὐτῶν ὁδεύειν προαιρουμένους. Κελεύει τοίνυν Ἰουδαίοις ὁ προφητικὸς λόγος τὰς προφητικὰς ὁδοὺς ἐρευνῆσαι, καὶ δι' αὐτῶν μαθεῖν τὴν ἀγαθὴν ὁδὸν, καὶ ἐν αὐτῇ βαδίσαι. Ἀλλ' ἀντιλέ γουσι συνήθως, καὶ τὸ κελευσθὲν οὐ ποιοῦσιν. \"Εἶ πον γὰρ, φησὶν, Οὐ πορευσόμεθα.\" Ἀλλ' ὅμως καὶ ἑτέραν αὐτοῖς προσφέρει παραίνεσιν. ιζʹ. Καθέστηκα ἐφ' ὑμᾶς σκοποὺς, ἀκούσατε τῆς φωνῆς τῆς σάλπιγγος. Σκοποὺς δὲ πάλιν αὐ τοὺς προφήτας ὀνομάζει· καὶ γὰρ τῷ Ἐζεκιήλ φησι· \"Σκοπὸν δέδωκά σε τῷ οἴκῳ Ἰσραήλ.\" Σάλπιγγα δὲ καλεῖ τῶν ἀποστόλων τὸ κήρυγμα· προεθέσπισαν δὲ καὶ τοῦτο οἱ κληθέντες σκοποί· ἀλλ' ὅμως πάλιν ἀντιλέγουσιν Ἰουδαῖοι, καὶ ἄντικρυς λέγουσιν, \"Οὐκ ἀκουσόμεθα.\" Δείξας τοίνυν τὴν τούτων ἀντιλογίαν, τῶν ἐθνῶν προλέγει τὴν εὐπεί θειαν. ιηʹ. Διὰ τοῦτο ἤκουσαν τὰ ἔθνη, καὶ οἱ ποιμαίνοντες τὰ ποίμνια ἐν αὐτοῖς. Ποιμένας δὲ καλεῖ τοὺς τούτων ἡγουμένους, καὶ οὐ μόνον τοὺς τῆς πνευματικῆς ἡγεμονίας ἠξιωμένους, ἀλλὰ καὶ τοὺς βασιλέας καὶ τοὺς","english":"And just as there is one road, the one leading to the greatest cities, which we are accustomed to call the royal and kingly road, and onto it certain paths from villages and fields feed in, so there is one road leading to the Father, the only-begotten Son of God; and, as it were, certain paths—the blessed prophets—lead onto this road those who choose to travel by them. The prophetic word therefore commands the Jews to search out the prophetic roads, and through them to learn the good road, and to walk in it. But they contradict, as is their custom, and do not do what is commanded. For he says, \"They said: We will not go.\" Nevertheless he offers them another exhortation. 17. I have set watchmen over you; hear the sound of the trumpet. Again he calls the prophets watchmen; for he also says to Ezekiel: \"I have given you as a watchman to the house of Israel.\" And he calls the preaching of the apostles a trumpet; and those called watchmen foretold this as well; but nevertheless the Jews again contradict, and say outright, \"We will not hear.\" Having therefore shown their contradiction, he foretells the obedience of the Gentiles. 18. Therefore the nations heard, and those who shepherd the flocks among them. He calls shepherds those who lead them, and not only those deemed worthy of spiritual leadership, but also the kings and the","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":38,"ref":"p38","source":"ἄρχοντας· καὶ οὗτοι γὰρ τὸ θεῖον ἐδέξαντο κήρυγμα· οὕτω καὶ οἱ θεῖοι ἀπόστολοι Βαρνάβας καὶ Παῦλος ἐποίησαν· εἴς τινα γὰρ εἰσ ελθόντες συναγωγὴν, καὶ πλεῖστα τοῖς Ἰουδαίοις δια λεχθέντες, εἶτα τὴν ἀπείθειαν αὐτῶν κατιδόντες ἔφα σαν· \"Ὑμῖν ἦν ἀναγκαῖον πρῶτον λαληθῆναι τὸν λόγον τοῦ Θεοῦ· ἐπειδὴ δὲ ἀπωθεῖσθε αὐτὸν, καὶ οὐκ ἀξίους ἑαυτοὺς κρίνετε τῆς αἰωνίου ζωῆς, ἰδοὺ στρεφόμεθα εἰς τὰ ἔθνη. Οὕτω γὰρ ἐντέταλκεν ἡμῖν ὁ Κύριος· Τέθεικά σε εἰς φῶς ἐθνῶν, τοῦ εἶναί σε εἰς φῶς ἐθνῶν, τοῦ εἶναί σε εἰς σωτηρίαν ἕως ἐσχά του τῆς γῆς·\" συμβαίνει τοίνυν τῇ προῤῥήσει ἡ ἔκ βασις· ἐνταῦθα μέντοι ὁ προφητικὸς λόγος τοῖς ἀπειθοῦσιν Ἰουδαίοις ἀπειλεῖ τιμωρίαν τῇ ἀντιλογίᾳ κατάλληλον· ἀπαγορεύει δὲ καὶ τὴν κατὰ νόμον λατρείαν. κʹ. Ἱνατί μοι λίβανον ἐκ Σαβὰ θέρεις, καὶ κινάμωμον ἐκ γῆς μακρόθεν; Τὰ ὁλοκαυτώματα ὑμῶν οὐκ ἔστι δεκτὰ, καὶ αἱ θυσίαι ὑμῶν οὐχ ἥδυνάν με. Εἰ δὲ καὶ ἡνίκα ὁ νόμος ἐκράτει, περιττὰ ταῦτα ἐνομίσθη, μάτην μεμήνασιν Ἰου δαῖοι, μετὰ τὴν τοῦ νόμου παῦλαν τοῖς τοῦ νόμου περιττοῖς ὡς ἀναγκαίοις ἐνασχολούμενοι. Προλέγει δὲ πάλιν τὴν ἀσθένειαν ᾗ συνεζύγησαν, οὐ μόνον δουλεύειν ἐναντιούμενοι, ἀλλὰ καὶ μυσαροὶ πᾶσι φαινόμενοι. Ἐντεῦθεν μεταφέρει τὴν προφητείαν ἐπὶ τὸν Βαβυλώνιον, καὶ τοὺς ἐπιστρατεύσαντας σὺν αὐτῷ βασιλέας, καὶ διηγεῖται αὐτῶν τὴν ἰσχὺν, καὶ τὴν πανοπλίαν, καὶ τὸ ἀπηνὲς καὶ θηριῶδες τῆς γνώμης. Λέγει δὲ καὶ τὴν τούτων δειλίαν. κδʹ. Παρελύθησαν γὰρ, φησὶν, αἱ χεῖρες ἡμῶν, θλίψις κατέσχεν ἡμᾶς, ὠδῖνες ὡς τικτούσης.","english":"rulers; for these also received the divine proclamation. Thus too did the divine apostles Barnabas and Paul: for having entered a certain synagogue and spoken at length with the Jews, then perceiving their disobedience they said: \"It was necessary that the word of God be spoken to you first; but since you reject it and judge yourselves unworthy of eternal life, behold, we turn to the Gentiles. For so the Lord has commanded us: I have set you as a light for the Gentiles, that you should be for salvation to the end of the earth.\" The outcome therefore corresponds to the prophecy. Here, however, the prophetic word threatens the disobedient Jews with a punishment suited to their contradiction; and it also forbids the worship according to the law. Why do you bring frankincense to me from Sheba, and cinnamon from a distant land? Your burnt offerings are not acceptable, and your sacrifices have not pleased me. But if even while the law prevailed these things were considered superfluous, the Jews have raged in vain, after the cessation of the law busying themselves with the superfluities of the law as though they were necessary. And again he foretells the weakness to which they were yoked, not only opposing servitude, but also appearing defiled to all. From here he transfers the prophecy to the Babylonian, and to the kings who campaigned with him, and recounts their strength, and their full armor, and the harsh and beast-like character of their mind. And he also speaks of their cowardice. For, he says, our hands were paralyzed, distress seized us, pangs like those of a woman giving birth.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":39,"ref":"p39","source":"Καὶ παρακελεύεται μὴ προκύπτειν τῶν πόλεων, ὡς τῶν πολεμίων προκαθημένων. Παρακελεύεται δὲ τῇ Ἱερουσαλὴμ καὶ σάκκον περιβαλέσθαι, καὶ ταῖς κεφαλαῖς κόνιν ἐπιβαλεῖν, καὶ μονογενοῦς παιδὸς μιμήσασθαι πένθος. Εἶτα τῷ προφήτῃ παρεγγυᾷ τὰς τούτων παρανομίας ἰδεῖν. κζʹ. Δοκιμαστὴν γὰρ, φησὶ, δέδωκά σε ἐν λαῷ μου συγκεκλεισμένῳ· καὶ γνώσῃ ἐν τῷ δοκιμάσαι σε τὴν ὁδὸν αὐτῶν. Ἀντὶ τοῦ, Οὐ κάμνῃς περινοστῶν πόλεις πολλὰς καὶ ἀγρούς· ἐν γὰρ τῇ Ἱερουσαλὴμ πάντες εἰσὶ συνηθροισμένοι διὰ τὸν πόλεμον. Ἐπιδείκνυσι δὲ αὐτῷ τῆς γνώμης αὐτῶν τὸ διάστροφον. κηʹ. Πάντες ἀνήκοοι, πορευόμενοι σκολιῶς, ὡς χαλκὸς καὶ σίδηρος. Πάντες διεφθαρμένοι εἰσίν. Ἀντὶ τοῦ, κίβδηλοι, οὐδὲν δόκιμον ἔχοντες. κθʹ. Ἐξέλιπε φυσητὴρ ἀπὸ πυρός· ἐξέλιπε μόλιβδος· εἰς κενὸν ἀργυροκόπος ἀργυροκοπεῖ· πονηρίαι αὐτῶν οὐκ ἐτάκησαν. Ἀργυροκόπον καλεῖ τὸν παιδευτικὸν λόγον· πῦρ δὲ καὶ μόλιβδον τὴν τιμωρίαν αὐτήν· φυσητῆρα δὲ, τὴν θείαν ἀπό φασιν, δι' ἧς ἡ τιμωρία προσφέρεται. Εἰώθασι δὲ καὶ οἱ τοῦ ἀργύρου τεχνῖται, τὸν ἄργυρον καθαίρειν βου λόμενοι, μόλιβδον ἐπιβάλλειν, ὥστε διὰ τούτου δαπανῆσαι τὸ κίβδηλον. Λέγει τοίνυν ὁ Δεσπότης, ὅτι Παντοδαπαῖς ἐχρησάμην μεθόδοις, μεταβαλεῖν αὐτοὺς θέλων, καὶ διαφόρους παιδείας ἐπήνεγκα, καὶ ἀνιάτως διάκεινται. Ὅθεν ἐπάγει· λʹ. Ἀργύριον ἀποδεδοκιμασμένον καλέσατε αὐ τοὺς, ὅτι ἀπεδοκίμασεν αὐτοὺς Κύριος ὁ Θεός. Ἐπέμεινε τῇ τροπῇ. Οὐδεμία, φησὶ, μηχανὴ τῆς τούτων πονηρίας περιεγένετο· ταῦτα δὲ λέγει, οὐ τῆς φύσεως κατηγορῶν, ἀλλὰ τῆς προαιρέσεως·","english":"And he urges them not to go out beyond the cities, since the enemies are stationed before them. And he urges Jerusalem to put on sackcloth, and to cast dust upon their heads, and to imitate the mourning for an only-begotten child. Then he enjoins the prophet to see their lawless deeds. 27. For, he says, I have given you as a tester among my people that is shut in; and you shall know when you test their way. This means: You do not grow weary going around many cities and fields; for in Jerusalem all are gathered together because of the war. And he shows him the perversity of their mind. 28. All are disobedient, walking crookedly, as bronze and iron. All are corrupted. This means: counterfeit, having nothing genuine. 29. The bellows have failed from the fire; the lead has failed; the silversmith smelts silver in vain; their wickednesses have not been melted. He calls the pedagogical word a silversmith; fire and lead he calls the punishment itself; and the bellows, the divine utterance through which the punishment is brought. And the craftsmen of silver are accustomed, when they wish to purify the silver, to add lead, so as to consume the counterfeit by means of it. The Master says, then, that I have used every kind of method, wishing to change them, and I have brought various disciplines to bear, and they are incurably disposed. Hence he adds: 30. Call them rejected silver, because the Lord God has rejected them. He has persisted in the turn. No device, he says, has overcome their wickedness; and he says these things, not accusing nature, but the will.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":40,"ref":"p40","source":"τῆς γὰρ φύσεως αὐτὸς ποιητὴς, οὐκ ἂν δὲ ἧς ἐποίησε κατηγόρησε· τῆς δὲ προαιρέσεως ἐκεῖνοι δημιουργοί.\n\nΚΕΦΑΛ. Ζʹ.\n\nΜετὰ ταῦτα διδάσκει ὁ προφήτης ὡς ἐκελεύθη στῆναι μὲν ἐν ταῖς πύλαις τοῦ θείου νεὼ, πᾶσι δὲ τοῖς εἰσιοῦσι τὸν προφητικὸν λόγον προσενεγκεῖν· εἶχε δὲ οὗτος συμβουλὴν, καὶ ὑπόσχεσιν ἀγαθῶν. γʹ. Διορθώσατε τὰς ὁδοὺς ὑμῶν, καὶ τὰ ἐπιτηδεύματα ὑμῶν, καὶ κατοικιῶ ὑμᾶς ἐν τῷ τόπῳ τούτῳ. Κατηγορεῖ δὲ καὶ τῆς ψευδοῦς προφη τείας. δʹ. Μὴ πεποίθατε γὰρ, φησὶν, ἐφ' ἑαυτοῖς, ἢ ἐπὶ λόγοις ψευδέσιν· ὅτι\n\nπαράπαν οὐκ ὠφελήσουσιν ὑμᾶς λέγοντες, Ναὸς Κυρίου, ναὸς Κυρίου, ναὸς Κυρίου ἐστίν. Ἐξαπατῶντες γὰρ αὐτοὺς ἔλεγον, Πῶς δυνατόν τινα τοῦ θείου μὲν νεὼ περιγενέσθαι; Αὐτὸς δὲ αὐτοῖς παρεγγυᾷ μὴ τούτοις τοῖς λόγοις θαῤῥεῖν· ἀλλ' ἀσπάσασθαι τὴν ἐπὶ τὸ κρεῖττον τοῦ βίου μεταβολὴν, καὶ κρίσεις φοβεῖσθαι, καὶ κηδεμονίας ἀξιῶσαι τοὺς ταύτης δεο μένους, καὶ παύσασθαι τῆς προτέρας μιαιφονίας, καὶ τῆς τῶν εἰδώλων θεραπείας. Ταῦτα γὰρ, φησὶ, ποιοῦντες, οὐκ ἔσεσθε μέτοικοι, ἀλλ' ἐπὶ τῆς πατρῴας μενεῖτε γῆς. Τἀναντία δὲ τολμῶντες, καὶ διὰ πάσης παρανομίας ὁδεύοντες, τρυγήσετε καταλλή λους τῶν ἐπιτηδευμάτων καρπούς· οὐ γὰρ εἰς τὴν ψευδῆ μεταμέλειαν ἀποβλέπω, ἀλλ' οὐδὲ τῶν ψευδῶν ἀνέχομαι λόγων· ὁρῶ γὰρ ἅπαντα τὰ γινόμενα. \"Ἰδοὺ γὰρ, φησὶν, ἐγὼ ἑώρακα, λέγει Κύριος.\" Οὐκ ἀνέξομαι δὲ οὐδὲ τὸν ἀφιερωμένον μοι οἶκον λῃστῶν εἶναι καταγώγιον. Εἶτα ἀπὸ τῶν γεγενημένων πιστοῦται τὰ εἰρημένα. ιβʹ.","english":"For he is the maker of nature, and he would not have accused what he made; but of their free choice those men are the authors.\n\nCHAPTER 7.\n\nAfter these things the prophet teaches how he was commanded to stand in the gates of the divine temple, and to bring the prophetic word to all who entered. And this had both counsel and a promise of good things. 3. Amend your ways and your practices, and I will settle you in this place. He also accuses the false prophecy. 4. For do not trust, he says, in yourselves, or in false words; because\n\nthey will not help you at all when they say, The temple of the Lord, the temple of the Lord, the temple of the Lord it is. For deceiving them they said, How is it possible for anyone to prevail over the divine temple? But he himself enjoins them not to trust in these words, but to embrace the change of life for the better, and to fear judgments, and to deem worthy of care those who need it, and to cease from their former murder and from the worship of idols. For doing these things, he says, you will not be sojourners, but you will remain in the land of your fathers. But daring the opposite, and walking through every lawlessness, you will reap fruits corresponding to your practices; for I do not look to false repentance, nor do I endure false words; for I see all that is done. \"For behold, he says, I have seen, says the Lord.\" Nor will I endure that the house consecrated to me be a den of robbers. Then from what has happened he confirms what has been said. 12.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":41,"ref":"p41","source":"Ὅτι πορεύθητε εἰς τὸν οἶκόν μου τὸν ἐν Σιλὼμ, οὗ κατεσκήνωσα τὸ ὄνομά μου ἐκεῖ ἔμπροσθεν, καὶ ἴδετε ἃ ἐποίησα αὐτῷ ἀπὸ προσ ώπου κακίας λαοῦ μου Ἰσραήλ. Ὁ Σιλὼμ χωρίον ἐστὶν ἐν ταῖς δέκα φυλαῖς διακείμενον· τῶν δὲ Ἀσσυρίων ἐπιστρατευσάντων ἐκείναις, ἠφανίσθη καὶ τοῦτο. Παρακελεύεται τοίνυν ὁ Δεσπότης, μὴ τῷ ναῷ θαῤῥεῖν, ἀλλὰ τῇ κατὰ νόμον ζωῇ. Οὗ δὴ χάριν ἐπάγει, ὅτι καὶ ὁ οἶκος τὰ αὐτὰ πείσεται καὶ αὐτοὶ τὴν τῶν ἀδελφῶν αὑτῶν δέξονται τιμωρίαν. ιεʹ. Ἀποῤῥίψω γὰρ ὑμᾶς ἀπὸ προσώπου μου, καθὼς ἀπέῤῥιψα τοὺς ἀδελφοὺς ὑμῶν, ἅπαν τὸ σπέρμα τῶν υἱῶν Ἰσραήλ. Ἀπαγορεύει δὲ καὶ τῷ προφήτῃ μηδεμίαν ὑπὲρ αὐτῶν πρεσβείαν προσενεγκεῖν. \"Οὐ γὰρ ἀκούσομαί σου, φησί\" Καὶ διδά σκων, ὡς δικαίως αὐτοὺς ἀποστρέφεται, ἐπ ήγαγεν· ιζʹ, ιηʹ. Ἦ οὐχ ὁρᾷς, τί οὗτοι ποιοῦσιν ἐν ταῖς πόλεσιν Ἰούδα, καὶ ἐν ταῖς διόδοις Ἱερουσαλήμ; Οἱ υἱοὶ αὐτῶν συλλέγουσι ξύλα, καὶ οἱ πατέρες αὐτῶν καίουσι πῦρ, καὶ αἱ γυναῖκες αὐ τῶν τρίβουσι στέαρ, τοῦ ποιῆσαι χαυῶνας τῇ στρατιᾷ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ· καὶ ἔσπεισαν σπονδὰς θεοῖς ἑτέροις, ἵνα παροργίσωσί με. Οἳ ἔνδον εἶχον ἀσταφίδας, καὶ φοίνικας, καὶ ἕτερά τινα τοιαῦτα, ταῦτα δὲ τοῖς εἰδώλοις προσέφερον. Περὶ τούτων δὲ καὶ δι' ἑτέρου προφήτου φησί· \"Καὶ ἐφίλουν πέμματα μετὰ σταφίδων.\" Λέγει τοίνυν τῷ προφήτῃ, Μὴ δυσχεράνῃς, ὡς μὴ πείθων με τῇ πρεσβείᾳ. Σοῦ γὰρ ἀντιβολοῦντος ἐκεῖνοι παροξύνουσι πανδημεὶ τῆς τῶν δαιμόνων θεραπείας φροντίζοντες. Ἔπειτα δείκνυσιν, ὡς αὐτὸς μὲν οὐδεμίαν ἐκ τῆς τούτων παρανομίας δέχεται βλάβην, αὐτοὶ δὲ διὰ ταύτης ἐπισπῶνται τὸν ὄλεθρον. Καί φησι· ιθʹ.","english":"Because you went to my house that is in Shiloh, where I caused my name to dwell there formerly, and see what I did to it because of the wickedness of my people Israel. Shiloh is a place situated in the ten tribes; but when the Assyrians made war against them, this place also was destroyed. The Master therefore exhorts them not to trust in the temple, but in the life according to the law. For this reason he adds that both the house will suffer the same things and they themselves will receive the punishment of their brothers. 15. For I will cast you away from my face, just as I cast away your brothers, all the seed of the sons of Israel. And he forbids the prophet also to offer any intercession on their behalf. \"For I will not hear you,\" he says. And teaching that he justly turns away from them, he added: 17, 18. Do you not see what these people do in the cities of Judah, and in the streets of Jerusalem? Their sons gather wood, and their fathers kindle a fire, and their women knead fat, to make cakes for the host of heaven; and they poured out libations to other gods, in order to provoke me to anger. They had within raisins and palms and certain other such things, and these they offered to the idols. Concerning these things he also says through another prophet: \"And they loved cakes with raisins.\" He says therefore to the prophet, Do not be vexed, as though you do not persuade me by your intercession. For while you plead, those men provoke me, caring for the worship of demons with one accord. Then he shows that he himself receives no harm from their lawlessness, but they draw destruction upon themselves through it. And he says: 19.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":42,"ref":"p42","source":"Μὴ ἐμὲ παροργίζουσι, λέγει Κύριος, οὐχὶ ἑαυτοὺς, ὅπως καταισχυνθῇ τὰ πρόσωπα αὐτῶν; Λέγει δὲ καὶ τῆς αἰσχύνης τὸν τρόπον· ἀπειλεῖ γὰρ, οὐ μόνον ἀνθρώπων ὄλεθρον, ἀλλὰ καὶ κτηνῶν, καὶ φυτῶν διαφθορὰν, καὶ γῆς ἐρημίαν· ἀπαγορεύει δὲ καὶ τὴν κατὰ νόμον λατρείαν. καʹ, κβʹ, κγʹ. Τάδε λέγει Κύριος τῶν δυνάμεων, ὁ Θεὸς Ἰσραήλ· Τὰ ὁλοκαυτώματα ὑμῶν συναγάγετε μετὰ τῶν θυσιῶν ὑμῶν, καὶ φάγετε κρέα. Ὅτι οὐκ ἐλάλησα πρὸς τοὺς πατέρας ὑμῶν, οὐδὲ ἐνετειλάμην αὐτοῖς ἐν ἡμέρᾳ ᾗ ἀνήγαγον αὐτοὺς ἐκ γῆς Αἰγύπτου, περὶ λόγου ὁλοκαυτωμάτων, καὶ θυσιῶν. Ἀλλ' ἢ τὸ ῥῆμα τοῦτο ἐνετειλάμην αὐτοῖς, λέγων· Ἀκούσατε τῆς φωνῆς μου, καὶ ἔσομαι ὑμῖν εἰς Θεὸν, καὶ ὑμεῖς ἔσεσθέ μοι εἰς λαὸν, καὶ πορεύσεσθε ἐν πάσαις ταῖς ὁδοῖς μου, αἷς ἐντέλλομαι ὑμῖν, ὅπως ἂν εὖ ᾖ ὑμῖν. Δέδεικται δὲ καὶ διὰ τούτων, ὡς τοῦ νόμου τὰ περιττὰ προσετέθη διὰ τὴν τῶν Ἰουδαίων ἀσθένειαν. Ἐπειδὴ γὰρ ἔμαθον ἐν Αἰγύπτῳ θύειν εἰδώλοις, ἐκείνων αὐτοὺς ἀποστῆσαι βουλόμενος (διὰ πάντων γὰρ αὐτὰ ἐκβάλλει τῶν προφητῶν ἀλλὰ) τῇ τούτων ἀσθενείᾳ συγκαταβαίνων, τὸ, \"Φάγετε κρέα, φησὶν, ἀντὶ τοῦ, Καὶ τὰς θυσίας ἐκβάλλων, οὐ κωλύσω ὑμᾶς μεταλαμβάνειν κρεῶν. Καὶ γὰρ ἐν τῷ νόμῳ διαγορεύει, τοὺς βουλομένους ἐν ταῖς ἑαυτῶν πόλεσιν ἢ κώμαις κρεῶν","english":"Do they provoke me, says the Lord, and not themselves, so that their faces may be put to shame? And he also states the manner of the shame; for he threatens not only the destruction of men, but also of cattle, and the corruption of plants, and the desolation of the land; and he also forbids the worship according to the law. 21, 22, 23. Thus says the Lord of hosts, the God of Israel: Gather your whole burnt offerings together with your sacrifices, and eat meat. For I did not speak to your fathers, nor command them in the day when I brought them out of the land of Egypt, concerning the matter of whole burnt offerings and sacrifices. But this word I commanded them, saying: Hear my voice, and I will be to you a God, and you shall be to me a people, and you shall walk in all my ways which I command you, so that it may be well with you. And through these things it has also been shown that the superfluous parts of the law were added because of the weakness of the Jews. For since they had learned in Egypt to sacrifice to idols, wishing to turn them away from those things (for through all the prophets he casts them out—but) condescending to their weakness, he says, \"Eat meat,\" instead of, \"And casting out the sacrifices, I will not prevent you from partaking of meats. For indeed in the law he declares that those who wish in their own cities or villages to eat meats","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":43,"ref":"p43","source":"μεταλαβεῖν, \"θῦσαι καὶ ἐκχέαι τὸ αἷμα ἐπὶ τὴν γῆν, καὶ μεταλαβεῖν\" οὐχ ὡς ἱερείων, ἀλλ' ὡς κρεῶν κοινῶν. Ἱερουργεῖν γὰρ ἔξω τοῦ νενομισμένου διεκώλυσε τόπου. Οὗ δὴ χάριν λέγει· \"Φάγεσθε αὐτὰ ὡς δορκάδα καὶ ἔλαφον,\" τουτέστιν, ὡς ἐκεῖνα τὰ τῷ θυσιαστηρίῳ μὴ προσφερόμενα. Ἔπειτα διηγεῖται καὶ τὴν τῶν πατέρων αὐτῶν ἀπείθειαν, ὅτι ταῦτά μου συμβουλεύοντος· κδʹ. Ἐπορεύθησαν ἐν τοῖς ἐνθυμήμασι τῆς καρδίας αὑτῶν τῆς πονηρᾶς. Διδάσκει δὲ καὶ τοὺς βλαστήσαντας ἐντεῦθεν καρπούς. Καὶ ἐγενήθησαν εἰς τὰ ὄπισθεν, καὶ οὐκ εἰς τὰ ἔμπροσθεν. (κεʹ.) Ἀφ' ἧς ἡμέρας ἐξήλθοσαν οἱ πατέρες αὐτῶν ἐκ γῆς Αἰγύπτου, καὶ ἕως τῆς ἡμέρας ταύτης. Παρεδόθησαν γὰρ διὰ τὴν οἰκείαν παρανομίαν, ποτὲ μὲν Μωαβίταις, ποτὲ δὲ Ἀμμανίταις, ἄλλοτε Μαδιηναίοις, πολλάκις δὲ ἀλλοφύλοις. Ἐπιδείκνυσι δὲ καὶ τὴν οἰκείαν κηδεμονίαν· οὐ γὰρ διέλιπον, φησὶ, διηνεκῶς αὐτοῖς διὰ τῶν προφητῶν διαλεγόμενος, καὶ τὰ κρείττω προτρέπων· καὶ διέμειναν ἀντιλέγοντες, καὶ χείρους ἐγένοντο τῶν πατέ ρων, οἳ ἐξ ἐκείνων ἀντιλέγουσι λόγοις· ἔλεγξον δὲ ὅμως αὐτοὺς διαῤῥήδην, καὶ εἰπέ· κηʹ. Τοῦτο τὸ ἔθνος, οἳ οὐκ ἤκουσαν τῆς φωνῆς τοῦ Θεοῦ Κυρίου αὐτῶν, οὐδὲ ἐδέξαντο παι δείαν. Ἔστι δὲ ἡ αἰτία τῆς ἀπειθείας, \"Ἐξέλιπεν ἡ πίστις, καὶ ἐξῆρται ἐκ στόματος αὐτῶν.\" Εἶτα θρηνῆσαι παρακελεύεται, καὶ πενθῆρες σχῆμα λαβεῖν, καὶ τὴν κεφαλὴν ἀποκεῖραι, ὡς ἀποδοκιμασθέντος τοῦ ἐκλεγέντος λαοῦ. Καὶ δεικνὺς, ὡς δίκαιος ὁ θυμὸς, τὸ μέγιστον ὄνομα τῆς ἀσεβείας παραγυμνοῖ. λʹ.","english":"to partake, \"to sacrifice and pour out the blood upon the earth, and to partake,\" not as of victims, but as of common meats. For he forbade sacrificing outside the appointed place. For this reason he says: \"You shall eat them as a gazelle and a deer,\" that is, as those things not offered upon the altar. Then he recounts also the disobedience of their fathers, that when I advised these things; 24. They walked in the imaginations of their own evil heart. And he teaches also the fruits that sprang up from this. And they became backward, and not forward. (25.) From the day their fathers came out of the land of Egypt, and until this day. For they were handed over because of their own transgression, sometimes to the Moabites, sometimes to the Ammonites, at other times to the Midianites, and often to the Philistines. And he shows also his own care; for they did not cease, he says, continually conversing with them through the prophets, and urging them to better things; and they continued contradicting, and became worse than their fathers, who contradict those words; but nevertheless reprove them plainly, and say: 25. This is the nation, who did not hear the voice of the Lord their God, nor receive discipline. And the cause of the disobedience is, \"Faith has failed, and is taken away from their mouth.\" Then he urges them to lament, and to take a mourning posture, and to cut off the head, as the chosen people having been rejected. And showing that the wrath is just, he lays bare the greatest name of impiety. 30.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":44,"ref":"p44","source":"Ἔταξαν πολλοὶ γὰρ, φησὶ, τὰ βδελύγματα αὑτῶν ἐν τῷ οἴκῳ, ἐν ᾧ ἐπικέκληται τὸ ὄνομά μου ἐπ' αὐτὸν, τοῦ μιάναι αὐτόν. Τοῦτο τετόλμηκε Μανασσῆς, ὁ τοῦ Ἐζεκίου υἱός· ἐζήλωσαν δὲ καὶ οἱ μετὰ ταῦτα τὴν τολμηθεῖσαν ἀσέβειαν. Καὶ μάρτυς ὁ θεῖος Ἐζεκιὴλ, πνευματικῶς μὲν ἀπὸ Βαβυλῶνος εἰς τὴν Ἱερουσαλὴμ ἀπαχθεὶς, ἐν δὲ τῷ ναῷ τὰς τοιαύτας παρανομίας εἰρηκὼς τεθεᾶσθαι· αἰτιᾶται δὲ αὐτοὺς, ὡς καὶ τοὺς υἱοὺς καὶ τὰς θυγα τέρας ὁλοκαυτοῦντας τοῖς δαίμοσιν. \"Τοῦτο δὲ, φησὶν, οὐκ ἐνετειλάμην αὐτοῖς, οὐδὲ διενοούμην ἐν τῇ καρδίᾳ μου.\" Ὁ γὰρ τὰς τῶν ἀλόγων θυσίας διὰ τὴν τούτων ἀσθένειαν γίγνεσθαι συγχωρήσας, πῶς ἂν ἠνεσχόμην περὶ τῆς τοιαύτης νομοθετῆσαι μιαι φονίας; Τὸν δὲ βωμὸν τοῦ Ταφὲθ, εἰδώλου τινὸς οὕτω καλουμένου λέγει. Ἑρμηνεύεται δὲ σύγκλεισμα, ἢ κατάβρωσις. Ἐν δὲ τούτῳ τῷ χωρίῳ πλῆθος αὐτῶν ἀναιρεθήσεσθαι λέγει, καὶ προτεθήσεσθαι βορὰν καὶ θοίνην οἰωνοῖς καὶ θηρίοις· καὶ μέντοι καὶ τὴν προσηγορίαν μετατεθήσεσθαι, καὶ μηκέτι φάραγγα τοῦ υἱοῦ Ἐννὼμ, ἀλλὰ φάραγγα τῶν ἀνῃρημένων κληθήσεσθαι· προλέγει δὲ, ὅτι πάσης εὐφροσύνης ἡ πόλις ἔρημος γενήσεται. ΚΕΦΑΛΑΙΟΝ Ηʹ.","english":"Many, he says, set their abominations in the house in which my name is called upon it, to defile it. This Manasseh, the son of Hezekiah, dared; and those after him also emulated the audacity of the impiety. And the divine Ezekiel is a witness—carried in spirit from Babylon to Jerusalem, and declaring that he saw such lawless deeds in the temple; and he accuses them of sacrificing their sons and daughters as whole burnt offerings to demons. \"But this,\" he says, \"I did not command them, nor did I intend it in my heart.\" For he who permitted the sacrifices of irrational animals to be made because of their weakness—how would I have endured to legislate concerning such bloodshed? And the altar of Topheth, he says, is so called after a certain idol. It is interpreted as enclosure, or consumption. And in this place he says that a multitude of them will be destroyed, and will be set out as food and a feast for birds and beasts; and moreover the name will be changed, and it will no longer be called the valley of the son of Hinnom, but the valley of the slain; and he foretells that the city will be made desolate of all gladness. Chapter 8.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":45,"ref":"p45","source":"Καὶ ὅτι ἐπελθόντες Βαβυλώνιοι οὐ μόνον τοὺς ζῶντας σφαγῇ παραδώσουσιν, ἀλλὰ καὶ τοῖς πάλαι τεθνεῶσιν ἱερεῦσι καὶ βασιλεῦσιν ἐμπαροινήσουσι, καὶ τοὺς τάφους ἀνορύξαντες, ἄταφα ὀστᾶ κατα λείψουσιν, ὥστε προκεῖσθαι ἡλίῳ, καὶ σελήνῃ, καὶ τοῖς ἄστρασιν. Ὧν, φησὶ, τὴν λατρείαν ἠγάπησαν, καὶ τῆς παρὰ τούτων ἐπικουρίας οὐ τεύξονται. γʹ. Ὅτι εἵλοντο, φησὶ, τὸν θάνατον, ἢ τὴν ζωήν. Ταῦτα καὶ τὰ τούτοις ὅμοια διὰ πλειόνων εἰ πὼν, πάλιν ὀρέγει χεῖρα, μετανοεῖν παραινῶν. δʹ. Μὴ ὁ πίπτων οὐκ ἀνίσταται, καὶ ὁ ἀπο στρέφων οὐκ ἐπιστρέφει; Εἶτα ἀπειθοῦσιν ἐπι τιμᾷ εʹ. Διατί ἀπέστρεψεν ὁ λαὸς οὗτος καὶ Ἱερουσαλὴμ ἀποστροφὴν ἀναιδῆ, καὶ κατεκρατήθησαν ἐν τῇ προαιρέσει αὑτῶν, καὶ οὐκ ἠθέλησαν τοῦ ἐπιστρέψαι; Σαφῶς ἡμᾶς ἐδίδαξεν, ὡς οὐ φύσεως, ἀλλὰ προαιρέσεως ἔργον ἡ πονηρία. Μετὰ ταῦτα τῆς ἀμετανοήτου γνώμης κατηγορεῖ. ϛʹ. Λέγουσι γὰρ, φησὶν, Οὐκ ἔστιν ἄνθρωπος μετανοῶν ἀπὸ τῆς κακίας αὑτοῦ, λέγων· Τί ἐποίησα; Οὗτος ὁ λογισμὸς τῆς διηνεκοῦς πονηρίας γε γένηται","english":"And that the Babylonians, when they come upon them, will not only hand over the living to slaughter, but will also rage against the priests and kings who died long ago, and having dug up the tombs, they will leave the bones unburied, so that they lie exposed to the sun, and the moon, and the stars. Whose service, he says, they loved, and from these they shall not obtain help. 3. Because they chose, he says, death rather than life. Having said these things and those like them at greater length, again he extends his hand, urging them to repent. 4. Does not the one who falls rise again, and the one who turns away not turn back? Then he punishes those who disobey. 5. Why has this people and Jerusalem turned away with a shameless turning, and they were held fast in their own choice, and did not wish to return? He has clearly taught us that wickedness is a work not of nature but of choice. After this he accuses them of their unrepentant disposition. 6. For they say, he says, There is no man repenting of his wickedness, saying, What have I done? This reasoning becomes that of continual wickedness","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":46,"ref":"p46","source":"πρόξενος· τοῦτο γὰρ τὰ ἐπαγόμενα δηλοῖ. \"Διέλιπεν ὁ τρέχων ἀπὸ τοῦ δρόμου αὑτοῦ, ὡς ἵπ πος κάθιδρος ἐν χρεμετισμῷ αὑτοῦ.\" Τοῦτο δὲ ὁ Σύρος οὕτως ἡρμήνευσε· \"Πάντες τῇ γνώμῃ αὑτῶν πορεύονται, ὡς ἵππος ὁρμῶν εἰς πόλεμον.\" Τὸν γὰρ θεῖον καταλιπόντες νόμον, τοῖς ἑαυτῶν ἕπονται λογισμοῖς. Κατὰ μέντοι τὴν Ἑλλάδα φωνὴν, νοη τέον ὅτι καὶ τοῦ δρόμου οὐκ ἔστι καιρὸς καὶ κόρος· καὶ γὰρ ἵππος ὁρμῇ χρώμενος, καὶ χρεμετισμῷ, μετὰ τὸν κόπον ἱδροῖ· οὗτοι δὲ κόρον οὐκ ἔλαβον τῶν κακῶν. Ταύτῃ τῇ διανοίᾳ καὶ τὰ ἑξῆς συμφωνεῖ. ζʹ. Καὶ ἡ ἀσίδα ἐν τῷ οὐρανῷ ἔγνω τὸν και ρὸν αὑτῆς· τρυγὼν, καὶ τέττιξ, καὶ χελιδὼν, ἀγροῦ στρουθία, ἐφύλαξαν καιροὺς εἰσόδων αὑτῶν· ὁ δὲ λαός μου οὐκ ἔγνω τὰ ῥήματα Κυρίου. Ἀπὸ τῶν ἀλόγων τὴν κατηγορίαν ηὔξησεν· οἶδε γὰρ, φησὶ, τὰ πετεινὰ τῶν ὡρῶν τὴν διαφοράν· καὶ νῦν μὲν ὧδε, νῦν δὲ ἐκεῖ μεταβαίνει, φύσει τὸ χρειῶδες εὑρίσκοντα· οὗτοι δὲ, λόγου μεταλαχόντες, τοῦ νόμου τὴν ὠφέλειαν οὐ δρέπονται. Ἡ μέντοι ἀσίδα, ὄρνεόν ἐστι· τινὲς δέ φασι τὸν ἰκτῖνον οὕτω καλεῖσθαι. ηʹ. Πῶς ἐρεῖτε, ὅτι Σοφοί ἐσμεν ἡμεῖς, καὶ νόμος Κυρίου ἔστι μεθ' ἡμῶν; Ἀνοίας ἐσχάτης τὸ τῆς οἰκείας παραφροσύνης αἴσθησιν μὴ λαμβάνειν, μηδὲ παρανομοῦντας εἰδέναι τὴν ἁμαρτίαν· \"Εἰς μάτην ἐγενήθη σχοῖνος ψευδὴς Γραμματεῦσιν.\" Σχοῖνον καὶ σχοίνισμα τὴν κληρονομίαν πολλάκις καλεῖ· λέγει δὲ ταύτην μηδὲν ἀπὸ τῶν τοῦ νόμου γραμμάτων ὠφελεῖσθαι, διὰ τὸ ἠγαπηκέναι τὸ ψεῦδος. Τούτου χάριν, φησὶ, καταισχυνθήσονται οἱ σοφοὺς ἑαυτοὺς ὀνομάζοντες. ιʹ.","english":"For this is what the things that follow show. \"The runner has ceased from his course, as a horse sweating in his neighing.\" But the Syrian interpreted this as follows: \"All walk according to their own opinion, as a horse rushing into battle.\" For having abandoned the divine law, they follow their own reasonings. According to the Greek wording, however, it must be understood that there is no fixed time and satiety of the course; for a horse, using its impulse and its neighing, sweats after toil; but these took no satiety of evils. With this understanding the following also agrees. 7. And the stork in the heaven knew her time; the turtle-dove, and the cricket, and the swallow, the sparrows of the field, kept the times of their coming in; but my people did not know the words of the Lord. From irrational creatures he increased the accusation; for the birds, he says, know the difference of the seasons, and now move here, now there, finding by nature what is needful; but these, having partaken of reason, do not reap the benefit of the law. The stork, however, is a bird; but some say that the kite is called by this name. 8. How will you say, that We are wise, and the law of the Lord is with us? It is the height of folly not to perceive the awareness of one's own madness, nor to know one's sin when transgressing the law. \"In vain was the false line made for the scribes.\" He often calls the inheritance a line and a measuring-cord; and he says that this is benefited nothing by the letters of the law, because they have loved falsehood. For this reason, he says, those who call themselves wise will be put to shame. 10.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":47,"ref":"p47","source":"Καὶ δώσω τὰς γυναῖκας αὐτῶν ἑτέροις, καὶ τοὺς ἀγροὺς αὐτῶν τοῖς κληρονόμοις. Κληρονό μους τοὺς πολεμίους ἐκάλεσεν, ὡς τῆς ἐκείνων κτή σεως δεξαμένους τὴν δεσποτείαν. Τοῦτο δὲ λέγει ποιήσειν, διὰ τὴν κοινὴν πάντων παρανομίαν ἱερέων τε καὶ ψευδοπροφητῶν, οἳ τὴν εἰρήνην ἐπαγγελλόμενοι, μετανοεῖν ἐκώλυον τὸν λαόν. Ἀπειλεῖ δὲ αὐ τοῖς καὶ ἀκαρπίαν γῆς, καὶ δειλίαν, καὶ φυγήν. Ὄφεις δὲ θανατοῦντας αὐτοὺς καλεῖ τοὺς πολεμίους, οἷς οὐκ ἔστι, φησὶν, ἐπᾷσαι· ταῖς γὰρ ἡμετέραις οὐκ εἴκουσι παρακλήσεσιν. Εἶτα καὶ τὴν αἰχμαλω σίαν προλέγει. ιθʹ. Ἰδοὺ φωνὴ κραυγῆς θυγατρὸς λαοῦ μου ἀπὸ γῆς μακρόθεν. Ἔπειτα κατ' ἐρώτησιν· \"Μὴ Κύριος οὐκ ἔστιν ἐν Σιὼν, ἢ βασιλεὺς αὐτῆς οὐκ ἔστιν ἐκεῖ;\" Πανταχοῦ, φησὶ, πάρεστιν ὁ τῶν ὅλων Θεός· τί δήποτε τοίνυν αὐτοὺς τοῖς πολεμίοις παρ έδωκε; \"Διότι παρώργισάν με ἐν τοῖς γλυπτοῖς αὑ τῶν, καὶ ἐν ματαίοις ἀλλοτρίοις.\" Τούτων, φησὶν, αἰτία τῶν κακῶν ἡ παρὰ τὸν νόμον ὑμῖν ἐγένετο πολιτεία, καὶ ἡ δυσσεβὴς τῶν εἰδώλων λατρεία. κʹ. Διῆλθε θέρος, καὶ παρῆλθεν ἀμητὸς, καὶ ἡμεῖς οὐ διεσώθημεν. Τὸν μακρὸν τῆς πολιορκίας χρόνον, καὶ τὴν ἑβδομηκοντοῦτιν δουλείαν διὰ τού των δεδήλωκεν. Ἡμᾶς δὲ προσήκει τὴν τούτων παιδείαν ἀφορμὴν ὠφελείας ποιήσασθαι. Ὅσα γὰρ προεγράφη, κατὰ τὸν θεῖον Ἀπόστολον, \"Εἰς ἡμετέ ραν διδασκαλίαν προεγράφη, ἵνα διὰ τῆς ὑπομονῆς, καὶ τῆς παρακλήσεως τῶν Γραφῶν, τὴν ἐλπίδα ἔχωμεν·\" ἧς ἐπιτύχωμεν ἐν Χριστῷ Ἰησοῦ τῷ Κυρίῳ ἡμῶν· μεθ' οὗ τῷ Πατρὶ δόξα πρέπει, καὶ τὸ κράτος, σὺν τῷ παναγίῳ Πνεύματι, νῦν καὶ ἀεὶ, καὶ εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας τῶν αἰώνων. Ἀμήν.","english":"And I will give their wives to others, and their fields to the heirs. He called the enemies \"heirs,\" as those who received dominion over their possession. And he says he will do this because of the common transgression of all, both priests and false prophets, who, promising peace, prevented the people from repenting. And he threatens them also with barrenness of the land, and cowardice, and flight. And he calls the enemies deadly serpents, which, he says, cannot be charmed; for they do not yield to our entreaties. Then he also foretells the captivity. 19. Behold, the voice of the cry of the daughter of my people from a far land. Then by way of question: \"Is the Lord not in Zion, or is her king not there?\" Everywhere, he says, the God of all is present; why then has he given them over to their enemies? \"Because they provoked me with their carved images, and with foreign vanities.\" The cause of these evils, he says, was your conduct contrary to the law, and the impious worship of idols. 20. The summer has passed, and the harvest has gone by, and we have not been saved. By these words he has indicated the long time of the siege, and the seventy-year servitude. And it is fitting for us to make the instruction of these things an occasion of benefit. For whatever was written beforehand, according to the divine Apostle, \"was written beforehand for our instruction, that through patience and the comfort of the Scriptures we might have hope;\" which may we obtain in Christ Jesus our Lord; with whom glory is fitting to the Father, and the might, together with the all-holy Spirit, now and always, and unto the ages of ages. Amen.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":48,"ref":"p48","source":"ΤΟΜΟΣ Γʹ. καʹ. Ἐπὶ συντρίμματι θυγατρὸς λαοῦ μου συνετρίβην. Ἐσκοτώθην ἀπορίᾳ ἐγώ· κατίσχυσάν με ὠδῖνες, ὡς τικτούσης. Ὁ προφήτης ὀδύρεται καὶ τὰς τολμηθείσας ὑπὸ τοῦ λαοῦ παρα νομίας, καὶ τὰς ἐπενεχθείσας αὐτοῖς τούτων ἕνεκα συμφορὰς διηγεῖται. Θυγατέρα δὲ λαοῦ τὴν πόλιν καλεῖ· αὐτοὶ γὰρ αὐτὴν ᾠκοδόμησαν· συντριβὴν δὲ, τὴν ἐκ τῆς ἁμαρτίας πληγήν. κβʹ. Μὴ ῥητίνη οὐκ ἔστιν ἐν Γαλαὰδ, ἢ ἰατροὶ οὐκ εἰσὶν ἐκεῖ; Διατὶ οὐκ ἀνέβη ἴασις θυγατρὸς λαοῦ μου; Ἰατροὺς καλεῖ τοὺς ἱερέας, ῥητίνην δὲ τροπικῶς τὴν πνευματικὴν διδασκαλίαν. Γαλαὰδ δὲ πόλις ἦν ἱερατική· ἐπιμέμφεται τοίνυν, ὅτι καὶ ἱερέων ὄντων, καὶ νομικῶν ἐνταλμάτων, ἐπέμεινεν ἡ πόλις πλημμελοῦσα, καὶ\n\nμεταμέλειαν οὐκ ἐδέξατο.\n\nΚΕΦΑΛΑΙΟΝ Θʹ.\n\nΟὗ δὴ χάριν ὁ θεῖος προφήτης δακρύων αἰτεῖ πηγὴν ἀποχρῶσαν τῷ πάθει, ὥστε νύκτωρ καὶ μεθ' ἡμέραν ἀποδύρεσθαι τὰ τῶν ὁμοφύλων κακά. Αἰτεῖ δὲ καὶ ἐσχατιάν τινα ἔνδον ἐν τῷ τέρματι τῆς ἐρήμου, κἀκεῖ διάγειν ἐφίεται· ὥστε μηδὲ ἀκούειν τῶν ὑπὸ τοῦ λαοῦ τολμωμένων κακῶν. Ἅπαντες γὰρ, φησὶ, τοὺς ἀλλήλων διορύττουσι γάμους, καὶ σύλλογός ἐστι πᾶσαν παρανομίαν τολμῶν· τοῦτο γὰρ λέγει \"Σύν οδος ἀθετούντων.\" γʹ. Καὶ ἐνέτειναν τὴν γλῶσσαν αὑτῶν ὡς τόξον. Δόλον ῥάπτοντες, συκοφαντίαν ὑφαίνοντες, τῷ πλησίον ἐπιβουλεύοντες· τοῦτο γὰρ λέγει· \"Ψεῦδος καὶ οὐ πίστις ἐνίσχυσεν ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς, ὅτι ἐκ κακῶν κακὰ ἐξῆλθον.\" Τὸ ἀμετάβλητον τῆς πονηρίας διὰ τούτων ἐδήλωσε· τὰ γὰρ κακὰ, φησὶ, κακὰ διαδέχεται· αἰτία δὲ τούτων ἡ τῶν θείων ἀμέ λεια. Τοῦτο γὰρ προστέθεικεν·","english":"BOOK 3. 21. At the crushing of the daughter of my people I was crushed. I was darkened with perplexity; pangs seized me, as of a woman giving birth. The prophet laments both the lawless deeds dared by the people and recounts the calamities brought upon them on account of these. He calls the city the daughter of the people, for they themselves built it; and the crushing, the blow that comes from sin. 22. Is there no resin in Gilead, or are there no physicians there? Why has healing not come up for the daughter of my people? He calls the priests physicians, and figuratively the resin the spiritual teaching. And Gilead was a priestly city; he finds fault, therefore, that although there were priests and legal ordinances, the city persisted in wrongdoing and did not accept repentance.\n\nCHAPTER 9.\n\nFor this reason the divine prophet, weeping, asks for a fountain sufficient for his grief, so as to lament night and day the evils of his kinsmen. He also asks for some remote place within, at the edge of the desert, and desires to live there, so as not even to hear the evils dared by the people. For all, he says, dig through one another's marriages, and it is a gathering that dares every lawlessness; for this is what he means by \"a gathering of those who set aside the law.\" 3. And they bent their tongue like a bow. Weaving deceit, spinning slander, plotting against their neighbor; for this is what he says: \"Falsehood and not faith prevailed on the earth, because from evils evils went forth.\" By these words he made clear the unchangeableness of their wickedness; for evils, he says, succeed evils; and the cause of these is neglect of divine things. For this he has added:","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":49,"ref":"p49","source":"\"Καὶ ἐμὲ οὐκ ἔγνω σαν, φησὶ Κύριος.\" Καὶ σαφέστερον δεικνὺς τὴν ἐμπολιτευομένην αὐτοῖς πονηρίαν, παραινεῖ μήτε φίλῳ θαῤῥῆσαι, μήτε μὴν ἀδελφῷ· καὶ τούτων κἀ κείνων ἐξαπάτῃ καὶ δόλῳ κεχρημένων, καὶ ἀληθείας γεγυμνωμένων. Προστίθησι δὲ τῇ κατηγορίᾳ καὶ τὸν τόκον, ὡς παρὰ τὸν νόμον τολμώμενον. ϛʹ. Τόκος ἐπὶ τόκῳ, καὶ δόλος ἐπὶ δόλῳ. Καὶ πάλιν τῆς τοῦ Θεοῦ καταφρονήσεως μέ μνηται. Οὐκ ἠθέλησαν εἰδέναι με, φησὶ Κύριος. (ζʹ.) Διὰ τοῦτο τάδε λέγει Κύριος τῶν δυνάμεων· Ἰδοὺ ἐγὼ πυρώσω αὐτοὺς, καὶ δοκιμῶ αὐτούς. Πύρωσιν ἐνταῦθα καὶ δοκιμασίαν τὸν πόλεμον κέκληκε, καὶ τὰ ἐκεῖθεν φυόμενα. Οὕτω καὶ ὁ θεῖος Δαβὶδ ἐκ προσώπου τῶν ἐν Βαβυλῶνι· \"Ὅτι ἐδοκίμασας ἡμᾶς ὁ Θεὸς, ἐπύρωσας ἡμᾶς, ὡς πυροῦται τὸ ἀργύριον.\" Ἀλλ' ἐκεῖνα τῶν εὐσεβῶν ἔφη τὸ τάγμα· πυρωθέντες γὰρ ἀνεφάνησαν δόκιμοι· ἐνταῦθα δὲ ἡ πύρωσις ἐλέγχει τὸ κίβδηλον. Διέξεισι δὲ καὶ τῆς πονηρίας τὰ εἴδη, καὶ βολίδι μὲν ἀπεικάζει τὴν γλῶσσαν, δόλου δὲ πλήρεις εἶναι λέγει τοὺς λόγους. Εἰρηνικὰ γὰρ, φησὶ, φθέγγονται, δόλια δὲ βουλεύονται. θʹ. Μὴ ἐπὶ τούτοις οὐκ ἐπισκέψομαι; λέγει Κύριος· ἢ ἐν λαῷ τῷ τοιούτῳ οὐκ ἐκδικήσει ἡ ψυχή μου; Ἄτοπον γὰρ τὸν τοιοῦτον κριτὴν ἀτιμώρητον τὴν τοσαύτην πονηρίαν καταλιπεῖν. Ἐπίσκεψιν γὰρ τὴν τιμωρίαν ἐκάλεσε· τὸ δὲ \"ἡ ψυχή μου\" κατὰ τὸ ἀνθρώπειον τέθεικεν ἔθος· οὐ γὰρ δὴ ἐκ σώ ματος καὶ ψυχῆς τὸ θεῖον συνῆκται· ἀσύνθετον γάρ ἐστι, καὶ ἁπλοῦν, καὶ ἀνείδεον Ὡς ἀκούειν δυνάμεθα, φθέγγεται. Εἶτα τούτοις αὐτοῖς παρα κελεύεται, καὶ τῶν ὁδῶν καὶ ὀρῶν θρηνῆσαι τὴν ἐρημίαν.","english":"And they did not know me, says the Lord.” And showing more clearly the wickedness that prevailed among them, he advises trusting neither friend nor even brother, since both these and those had used deceit and guile, and were stripped bare of truth. He adds to the accusation also usury, as being dared contrary to the law. 6. Usury upon usury, and guile upon guile. And again he mentions the contempt of God. They did not wish to know me, says the Lord. 7. Therefore thus says the Lord of hosts: Behold, I will refine them in fire, and I will test them. Here he has called war, and the things that grow from it, a refining in fire and a testing. So too the divine David, in the person of those in Babylon: “For you have tested us, O God; you have refined us in fire, as silver is refined in fire.” But those things he said of the order of the pious; for having been refined in fire, they appeared approved; but here the refining in fire exposes what is counterfeit. He goes through also the forms of wickedness, and likens the tongue to a dart, and says that their words are full of guile. For they speak, he says, peaceful things, but devise guileful things. 9. Shall I not visit them for these things? says the Lord; or shall my soul not take vengeance on such a people? For it is absurd for such a judge to leave such great wickedness unpunished. For he has called punishment a visitation; and he has set down “my soul” according to human custom; for the divine nature is certainly not composed of body and soul; for it is uncompounded, and simple, and without form, yet speaks as we are able to hear. Then he exhorts these same people, and the paths and the mountains, to lament the desolation.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":50,"ref":"p50","source":"Οὐ γὰρ μόνον, φησὶ, τῶν ἀνθρώπων ἐστέ ρηνται, ἀλλὰ καὶ τῶν κτηνῶν, καὶ τῶν πετεινῶν. Τοῖς γὰρ οἰκουμένοις χωρίοις ἐμφιλοχωρεῖ τὰ πετεινά· ἐν δὲ ταῖς ἐρήμοις καὶ τούτων ἡ σπάνις πολλή. Ἀπειλεῖ δὲ καὶ τὴν αἰχμαλωσίαν, καὶ τῆς πόλεως τὴν ἐρημίαν, καὶ γενήσεσθαι αὐτὴν λέγει κατοικη τήριον δρακόντων. Τὰ γὰρ τοιαῦτα θηρία παρόντων μὲν ἀνθρώπων συνεχῶς ἀναιρεῖται· ἀπόντων δὲ αὔ ξεται καὶ πλείονα γίνεται. ιβʹ. Τίς ἄνθρωπος ὃς σοφὸς, καὶ συνήτω ταῦτα, καὶ ὁ λόγος στόματος Κυρίου πρὸς αὐτόν; ἀναγγειλάτω ὑμῖν ἕνεκεν τίνος ἀπώλετο ἡ γῆ· ἀνήφθη ὡς ἔρημος παρὰ τὸ μὴ διοδεύεσθαι αὐτήν. Τοῖς τῆς θείας ἠξιωμένοις χάριτος ἐλέγχειν κελεύει, καὶ τῆς ἐρημίας τὰς αἰτίας διδάσκειν· καὶ αὐτὸς δὲ τοῦτο ποιεῖ, καὶ λέγει αὐτοῖς καταλιπεῖν μὲν τὸν ἐπὶ σωτηρίᾳ δεδομένον νόμον, τοῖς δὲ μα ταίοις χρήσασθαι λογισμοῖς, καὶ τῶν εἰδώλων προ ελέσθαι τὴν θεραπείαν. ιεʹ. Διὰ τοῦτο ἐγὼ ψωμίζω αὐτοὺς ἄρτον ἀνάγκης καὶ ποτίσω αὐτοὺς ὕδωρ χολῆς. Τὴν πικρὰν καὶ ἀνιαρὰν ζωὴν διὰ τούτων δεδήλωκε. ιϛʹ. Καὶ διασκορπιῶ αὐτοὺς ἐν τοῖς ἔθνεσιν, ἐν οἷς οὐκ ἐγίνωσκον αὐτοὶ, καὶ οἱ πατέρες αὐτῶν· καὶ ἐξαποστελῶ ἐπ' αὐτοὺς τὴν μάχαιραν, ἕως οὗ ἐξαναλώσω αὐτοὺς ἐν αὐτῇ. Δύο διὰ τού των δεδήλωκε","english":"For, he says, they are deprived not only of humans but also of cattle and birds. For birds linger in inhabited places, but in the wilderness there is a great scarcity even of these. He threatens both captivity and the desolation of the city, and says that it will become a dwelling-place of dragons. For such beasts, when humans are present, are continually destroyed; but when they are absent, they increase and become more numerous. 12. Who is the man who is wise, and let him understand these things, and the word of the mouth of the Lord be to him? Let him declare to you for what reason the land perished, and was burned up like a wilderness so that no one passes through it. He commands those who have been deemed worthy of divine grace to convict and to teach the causes of the desolation; and he himself also does this, and says to them that they abandoned the law given for salvation, and used vain reasonings, and preferred the worship of idols. 15. Therefore I will feed them with the bread of necessity and give them the water of gall to drink. By these things he has indicated the bitter and grievous life. 16. And I will scatter them among the nations, among whom neither they nor their fathers knew me; and I will send the sword after them, until I consume them in it. By these things he has indicated two","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":51,"ref":"p51","source":"τιμωρίας, τὴν ἐν πολέμῳ σφαγὴν, καὶ τὴν ἐν αἰχμαλωσίᾳ ζωήν· τοὺς γὰρ τὸν πόλεμον δια φυγόντας δορυαλώτους ἀπήγαγον. Ἐπαύξων δὲ αὐ τοῖς τὸ δέος, κελεύει καὶ τὰς θρηνούσας κληθῆναι, καὶ δακρύων ἀφιέναι κρουνούς. Παρεγγυᾷ δὲ καὶ ταῖς γυναιξὶν, ὡς οὐκέτι χώραν ἐχούσης τῆς εὐφρο σύνης, διδάσκειν θρηνῆσαι τὰς θυγατέρας· ἐπάγει δὲ καὶ τῶν θρήνων τὴν αἰτίαν. καʹ. Ὅτι ἀνέβη θάνατος διὰ τῶν θυρίδων ὑμῶν· εἰσῆλθεν εἰς τὴν γῆν ὑμῶν, τοῦ ἐκτρίψαι νήπια ἔσωθεν, καὶ νεανίσκους ἀπὸ τῶν πλατειᾶν. Θυρίδας καλεῖ τῆς πλάνης τὰς ἐπινοίας· δι' ἐκείνων γὰρ τὴν πλάνην ἐδέξαντο, καὶ τὴν διὰ ταύτης ἐπενεχθεῖσαν πληγήν. Οὐκ ἂν δέ τις ἁμάρτοι θυρίδας τῆς ψυχῆς ὀνομάσας τὰ τοῦ σώματος αἰσθητήρια, ὄψιν, καὶ γεῦσιν, καὶ ὄσφρησιν, καὶ ἀκοὴν, καὶ ἁφήν· διὰ τούτων γὰρ δυνατὸν, καὶ ζωὴν, καὶ θάνατον εἰσελθεῖν. Ὁ μὲν γὰρ σωφρόνως βλέπων καρποῦται ζωὴν, ὁ δὲ ἀκολάστως, δρέπεται θάνατον· καὶ ἡ ἀληθεύουσα γλῶττα προξενεῖ τῆς ψυχῆς σωτηρίαν, ἡ δὲ ψευδομένη τὸν ὄλεθρον πραγματεύεται· καὶ τ' ἄλλα δὲ ὁμοίως καταμαθεῖν εὐπετές. κβʹ. Τάδε λέγει Κύριος· Καὶ ἔσονται οἱ νεκροὶ τῶν ἀνθρώπων παράδειγμα ἐπὶ προσώπου τοῦ πεδίου τῆς γῆς ὑμῶν, καὶ ὡς χόρτος ὀπίσω θερίζοντος, καὶ οὐκ ἔσται ὁ συνάγων. Πολλῆς ὠφελείας ἔσται πρόφασις τὰ εἰς ὑμᾶς γινόμενα· τοῦτο γὰρ λέγει παράδειγμα· τὸ δὲ, \"Ὡς χόρτος ὀπίσω θερίζοντος,\" δηλοῖ τὸ ἄφατον τῶν νεκρῶν· ἐπειδὴ δὲ ἦσάν τινες ἐν αὐτοῖς, οἱ μὲν αὐχοῦντες ἐπὶ πλούτῳ, οἱ δὲ ἐπὶ σοφίᾳ, ἄλλοι δὲ ἐπὶ ῥώμῃ σώμα τος, παραινεῖ μὴ ἐπὶ τούτοις σεμνύνεσθαι, ἀλλ' ἐπὶ θεογνωσίᾳ, καὶ πράξει δικαίᾳ·","english":"He threatens both captivity and the de[ath]... punishments, the slaughter in war, and life in captivity; for those who escaped the war they led away as captives. And intensifying their fear, he commands that the mourning women be summoned and that they let flow fountains of tears. He also enjoins the women, since there is no longer any place for gladness, to teach their daughters to lament; and he adds the cause of the laments. 29. For death has come up through your windows; it has entered into your land, to destroy infants within, and young men from the streets. He calls the devices of error \"windows\"; for through them they received error, and the blow brought on through it. And one would not err in calling the senses of the body the windows of the soul—sight, taste, smell, hearing, and touch; for through these it is possible for both life and death to enter. For he who looks with self-control reaps life, but he who looks licentiously plucks death; and the truthful tongue procures the soul's salvation, while the lying tongue traffics in destruction; and the rest one may likewise easily understand. 30. Thus says the Lord: And the dead of men shall be a example on the face of the plain of your land, and as grass behind the reaper, and there shall be no one to gather. The things happening to you will be an occasion of great benefit; for this he calls an example. And the phrase, \"As grass behind the reaper,\" shows the unutterable number of the dead; and since there were some among them who boasted in wealth, others in wisdom, and others in bodily strength, he exhorts them not to pride themselves on these things, but on the knowledge of God and just action.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":52,"ref":"p52","source":"ἐπειδὴ δὲ καὶ ἐπὶ τῇ περιτομῇ μέγα ἐφρόνουν, τὴν ὀφρὺν αὐτῶν κατα στέλλων, δείκνυσι καὶ ἄλλα ἔθνη πλεῖστα περιτεμνό μενα· προλέγει δὲ καὶ τὴν ἐσομένην αὐτῶν κλῆσιν καὶ σωτηρίαν. κεʹ, κϛʹ. Ἰδοὺ ἡμέραι ἔρχονται, λέγει Κύριος, καὶ ἐπισκέψομαι ἐπὶ πάντας περιτετμημένους ἀκροβυστίας αὑτῶν. Ἐπ' Αἴγυπτον, καὶ ἐπὶ Ἰούδαν, καὶ ἐπὶ Ἐδὼμ, καὶ ἐπὶ τοὺς υἱοὺς Ἀμμὼν, καὶ ἐπὶ τοὺς υἱοὺς Μωὰβ, καὶ ἐπὶ πάν τας τοὺς περικειρομένους τὸ κατὰ πρόσωπον αὑτῶν, τοὺς κατοικοῦντας ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ. Ἰδουμαῖοι μὲν ἀπὸ τοῦ Ἡσαῦ τὸ γένος κατάγοντες, κατὰ τὸν δοθέντα τῷ Ἀβραὰμ περιετέμνοντο νόμον· Ἀμμανῖται δὲ, καὶ Μωαβῖται, ὡς γειτνιάζοντες ἐζήλωσαν τὴν συγγένειαν· οἱ δὲ ἀπὸ τοῦ Ἰσμαὴλ καὶ τῆς Χετούρας, κατὰ τὸν προγονικὸν καὶ αὐτοὶ περιετέμνοντο νόμον· αὐτοὺς οὖν καλεῖ περικειρομένους τὸ κατὰ πρόσωπον αὑτῶν· εἰώθασι γὰρ τῶν παρειῶν παρατίλλειν τὰς τρίχας· Αἰγυπτίους δὲ ἡ τοῦ λαοῦ προσενοίκησις ἐδίδαξε τὴν περιτομήν· συνῆψε δὲ αὐτοῖς τὸν Ἰούδαν, καταστέλλων τὸν τύφον. Ἐν δέ γε τοῖς ἑξῆς μείζονα αὐτῶν ποιεῖται κατηγορίαν· \"Ὅτι πάντα τὰ ἔθνη ἀπερίτμητα σαρκὶ, καὶ πᾶς οἶκος Ἰσραὴλ ἀπερίτμητοι καρδίας αὑτῶν.\" Δι δάσκει τοίνυν καὶ τὰ παλαιὰ Γράμματα, καὶ τῆς πνευματικῆς περιτομῆς τὸ ὠφέλιμον, καὶ τὸ τῆς σωματικῆς ἀκροβυστίας ἀνείδεον. Οὐ γὰρ τῶν ἀπεριτμήτων ἐθνῶν κατηγόρησεν· ἀλλ' Ἰουδαίων τὸ μὲν σῶμα περιτεμνομένων, ἀπερίτμητον δὲ τὴν καρδίαν ἐχόντων. ΚΕΦΑΛΑΙΟΝ Ιʹ.","english":"Since they were also proud of circumcision, he humbles their arrogance and shows that very many other nations are also circumcised; and he foretells their future calling and salvation. 25, 26. Behold, the days are coming, says the Lord, and I will visit upon all those circumcised in their foreskins. Upon Egypt, and upon Judah, and upon Edom, and upon the sons of Ammon, and upon the sons of Moab, and upon all those who cut the hair on their faces, who dwell in the wilderness. The Idumeans, who trace their descent from Esau, were circumcised according to the law given to Abraham; and the Ammonites and Moabites, being neighbors, emulated their kinship; and those descended from Ishmael and Keturah were themselves also circumcised according to the ancestral law. These, then, he calls those who cut the hair on their faces; for they are accustomed to pluck out the hairs of their cheeks. The Egyptians were taught circumcision by the people's dwelling among them. And he joined Judah to them, humbling their pride. But in what follows he brings a greater accusation against them: \"For all the nations are uncircumcised in the flesh, and every house of Israel is uncircumcised in their hearts.\" He teaches, therefore, both the ancient Scriptures and the benefit of spiritual circumcision, and the formlessness of physical uncircumcision. For he did not accuse the uncircumcised nations, but the Jews, who were circumcised in body but had an uncircumcised heart. Chapter 10.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":53,"ref":"p53","source":"βʹ. Τάδε λέγει Κύριος· κατὰ τὰς ὁδοὺς τῶν ἐθνῶν μὴ μανθάνετε, καὶ ἀπὸ τῶν σημείων τοῦ οὐρανοῦ μὴ φοβεῖσθε. Ὁδοὺς ἐθνῶν τὴν παλαιὰν καλεῖ πλάνην· τὴν δὲ ἀστρονομίαν καὶ ἀστρολογίαν, σημεῖα τοῦ οὐρανοῦ κέκληκεν, οἷς ἀκολουθεῖν οὐκ ἐᾷ, ἀλλὰ τῷ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ πιστεύειν Δεσπότῃ. Κωμ ωδεῖ δὲ καὶ τὴν τῶν εἰδώλων κατασκευὴν, καὶ λέγει τὰ μὲν ἐκ ξύλου, τὰ δὲ ἐκ χρυσοῦ καὶ ἀργύρου κατ εσκευᾶσθαι καὶ δεῖσθαι σφύρας, καὶ ἥλων, καὶ τῶν ἄλλων ὀργάνων· δεῖσθαι δὲ καὶ τέχνης, καὶ χειρῶν τῶν ταῦτα ἐπισταμένων· καὶ ὅτι τὸ μὲν ἀργύριον ἐκ τῆσδε μεταλλεύεται, τὸ δὲ χρυσίον ἐκ τῆσδε. Θαρσὶς δὲ τὴν Καρχηδόνα καλεῖ· ἐπαινεῖται δὲ μάλιστα οὗτος ὁ\n\nἄργυρος· ἀμέλει καὶ νῦν οἱ φιλόπλουτοι τὸν Ἄφρον ἐπιζητοῦσι. Ταῦτα τοίνυν τοιαύ την ἔχοντα τὴν φύσιν οὐ δίκαιον εὐλαβεῖσθαι· ὠφε λεῖν γὰρ ἢ βλάπτειν οὐ δύνανται. Οὕτω καταγέλα στα δείξας ὁ προφήτης τὰ εἴδωλα, ὕμνον ὑφαίνει τῷ τῶν ὅλων Θεῷ. \"Πόθεν ὅμοιός σοι, Κύριε; Μέγας εἶ σὺ, καὶ μέγα τὸ ὄνομά σου ἐν δυνάμει.\" ζʹ. Τίς οὐ φοβηθήσεταί σε, βασιλεῦ τῶν ἐθνῶν; Κατέλυσεν ἐνταῦθα τῶν Ἰουδαίων τὸ φρόνημα. Οὐ γὰρ εἶπε· Μερὶς Κυρίου λαὸς αὐτοῦ Ἰακώβ· ἀλλὰ βασιλέα τῶν ἐθνῶν ἁπάντων ὠνόμασε τὸν τῶν ὅλων Θεὸν, τὴν ἐσομένην τοῖς ἔθνεσι θεογνωσίαν προ λέγων. \"Ὅτι ἐν πᾶσι τοῖς σοφοῖς τῶν ἐθνῶν, καὶ ἐν πάσαις ταῖς βασιλείαις αὐτῶν, πόθεν ὅμοιός σοι, Κύριε;\" Εἶτα πάλιν εἰς μέσον φέρει τῶν ἐθνῶν τοὺς θεοὺς, καὶ δείκνυσιν αὐτοὺς ἀπὸ τέχνης καὶ ὕλης τὴν ὑπόστασιν ἔχοντας. Καὶ ἐπανέρχεται πάλιν εἰς τὸν τοῦ Θεοῦ ὕμνον. ιʹ.","english":"2. Thus says the Lord: Learn not the ways of the nations, and be not afraid of the signs of heaven. He calls the ways of the nations the ancient error; and astronomy and astrology he has called the signs of heaven, which he does not permit them to follow, but rather to trust in the Master of heaven. And he ridicules the manufacture of idols, and says that some are made of wood, others of gold and silver, and that they need a hammer, and nails, and the other tools; and that they need craft, and the hands of those who know these things; and that silver is mined from one place, and gold from another. And Tharsis he calls Carthage; and this silver is especially praised; indeed even now the lovers of wealth seek the African. These things, then, having such a nature, it is not right to reverence; for they can neither help nor harm. Having thus shown the idols to be ridiculous, the prophet weaves a hymn to the God of all things. \"How is there any like you, O Lord? Great are you, and great is your name in power.\" 7. Who will not fear you, O king of the nations? Here he has destroyed the pride of the Jews. For he did not say: The Lord's portion is his people Jacob; but he has named the God of all things king of all the nations, foretelling the knowledge of God that will come to the nations. \"For among all the wise men of the nations, and in all their kingdoms, how is there any like you, O Lord?\" Then again he brings the gods of the nations into the middle, and shows that they have their substance from craft and matter. And he returns again to the hymn of God. 10.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":54,"ref":"p54","source":"Ὁ δὲ Κύριος ἀληθινὸς Θεός ἐστι, Θεὸς ζών των, καὶ βασιλεὺς αἰώνιος. Τὰ εἴδωλα, φησὶν, οὐ ζῇ· ὁ δὲ Θεὸς καὶ ζωῆς χορηγὸς, καὶ ζώντων Θεὸς, καὶ αἰώνιος βασιλεύς. \"Ἀπὸ παροξυσμοῦ αὐτοῦ σει σθήσεται ἡ γῆ, καὶ οὐχ ὑποίσουσιν ἔθνη ἐμβρίμησιν αὐτοῦ.\" Οὕτω καὶ ὁ μακάριος λέγει Δαβίδ· \"Ὁ ἐπιβλέπων ἐπὶ τὴν γῆν, καὶ ποιῶν αὐτὴν τρέμειν.\" Εἶτα κελεύει τοῖς καλουμένοις εἰπεῖν θεοῖς· ιαʹ. Θεοὶ, οἳ τὸν οὐρανὸν καὶ τὴν γῆν οὐκ ἐποίησαν, ἀπολέσθωσαν ἀπὸ τῆς γῆς, καὶ ὑπο κάτωθεν τοῦ οὐρανοῦ τούτου. Θεοῦ γὰρ ἴδιον, τὸ δημιουργεῖν, οὐ τὸ ὑπ' ἄλλου δημιουργεῖσθαι. Εἰ τοίνυν κτιστὸς ὁ Υἱὸς, οὐ Θεός· εἰ δὲ δημιουργός ἐστι τῶν ὅλων καὶ ποιητὴς, ὄντως ἐστὶ Θεός· περὶ αὐτοῦ γὰρ καὶ τὰ ἐπαγόμενα ὁ προφήτης λέγει· ιβʹ. Κύριος ὁ ποιήσας τὴν γῆν ἐν τῇ ἰσχύϊ αὑ τοῦ, αὐτὸς ἀνώρθωσε τὴν οἰκουμένην ἐν τῇ σοφίᾳ αὑτοῦ, καὶ ἐν τῇ φρονήσει αὑτοῦ ἐξέτεινε τὸν οὐρανόν. Ταῦτα Θεοῦ ἴδιον· οὐ τὸ ὑπ' ἄλλου κατασκευάζεσθαι. ιγʹ. Χορηγῶν γὰρ ὑετὸν, καὶ τῶν βροντῶν τοὺς κτύπους ἀποτελεῖ, καὶ ἀνάγων νεφέλας ἐξ ἐσχάτου τῆς γῆς. Μετεωρίζει γὰρ ὡς βούλεται τὸ θαλάττιον ὕδωρ, καὶ διὰ τούτου τὰ νέφη συνίστησιν. \"Ἀστραπὰς εἰς ὑετὸν ἐποίησε.\" Τοῦ ὑετοῦ γὰρ αὗται σημαντικαί. \"Καὶ ἐξήγαγεν ἀνέμους ἐκ θησαυρῶν αὐτοῦ.\" Θησαυροὶ αὐτοῦ τὸ βούλημα αὐτοῦ. \"Αὐτὸς γὰρ εἶπε, καὶ ἐγένετο· αὐτὸς ἐνετείλατο, καὶ ἐκτίσθη σαν·\" καὶ, \"Πάντα ὅσα ἠθέλησεν ὁ Κύριος ἐποίησεν, ἐν τῷ οὐρανῷ, καὶ ἐν τῇ γῇ.\" Ὁ μὲν οὖν ἀληθινὸς Θεὸς τούτων ἁπάντων ἐστὶ δημιουργός.","english":"But the Lord is the true God, the God of the living, and an eternal king. The idols, he says, do not live; but God is both the provider of life and the God of the living and an eternal king. \"At his wrath the earth shall be shaken, and the nations shall not endure his roaring.\" So also the blessed David says: \"He who looks upon the earth and makes it tremble.\" Then he commands those who are called gods: 11. Gods, who did not make the heaven and the earth, let them perish from the earth and from beneath this heaven. For it is proper to God to create, not to be created by another. If, then, the Son is created, he is not God; but if he is the creator and maker of all things, he is truly God; for the prophet says the following things also about him: 12. The Lord who made the earth in his strength, he himself set upright the inhabited world in his wisdom, and in his understanding he stretched out the heaven. These things are proper to God, not to be fashioned by another. 13. For he provides rain, and produces the crashes of thunder, and brings up clouds from the end of the earth. For he lifts up the sea water as he wills, and by this forms the clouds. \"He made lightnings for rain.\" For these are significant of rain. \"And he brought out winds from his treasuries.\" His treasuries are his will. \"For he himself spoke, and they came to be; he himself commanded, and they were created;\" and, \"All things that the Lord willed he did, in the heaven and in the earth.\" The true God, then, is the creator of all these things.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":55,"ref":"p55","source":"Οἱ δὲ πλεῖ στοι τῶν ἀνθρώπων εἰς ἀλογίαν ἐξέπεσαν, καὶ οἱ μὲν δημιουργοῦσι θεοὺς, οἱ δὲ προσκυνοῦσι τοῖς ὑπὸ τού των γιγνομένοις. Προλέγει δὲ καὶ τῆς πλάνης τὴν παῦλαν· εἰρηκὼς γὰρ, ὅτι· ιεʹ. Μάταιά ἐστιν ἔργα ἐμπεπαιγμένα, τουτέστι τὰ εἴδωλα, ἐπήγαγεν· Ἐν καιρῷ ἐπισκοπῆς αὑτῶν ἀπολοῦνται. Τὸ γὰρ ἀποστολικὸν κήρυγμα τὴν τούτων ἠφάνισε μνήμην παντελῶς· καὶ ὁρῶμεν τῆς προφητείας τὸ τέλος. ιϛʹ. Οὐκ ἔστι τοιαύτη ἡ μερὶς Ἰακώβ· ὅτι ὁ πλάσας τὰ πάντα, αὐτὸς κληρονομία αὐτοῦ, καὶ Ἰσραὴλ ῥάβδος κληρονομίας αὐτοῦ. Κύριος τῶν δυνάμεων ὄνομα αὐτῷ. Σὺ, φησὶν, οὐ ταύτην ἐδιδάχθης τὴν πλάνην· ἄνωθεν γάρ σε ἐξελεξάμην, καὶ διαφερόντως σε τῆς ἐμῆς κηδεμονίας ἠξίωσα. ιζʹ. Συνήγαγεν ἔξωθεν τὴν ὑπόστασίν σου, κατοικοῦσαν ἐν ἐκλεκτοῖς. Τὸν πατριάρχην ἐκ γῆς Χαλδαίων καλέσας εἰς τὴν Παλαιστίνην μετ ήγαγε, καὶ τὸ τούτου γένος εἰς τὴν Αἴγυπτον δουλεῦον ἐλευθερωθὲν ἐξήγαγε· τοῦτο οὖν καὶ ὁ προ φητικὸς ἐδήλωσε λόγος· \"Συνήγαγεν ἔξωθεν τὴν ὑπόστασίν σου, κατοικοῦσαν ἐν ἐκλεκτοῖς·\" τουτέστιν, ἐκ τῶν ἄλλων ἐθνῶν ἐκλεξάμενός σε τὴν ἐκλεκτὴν γῆν ἐδωρήσατό σοι. ιηʹ. Ὅτι τάδε λέγει Κύριος· Ἰδοὺ ἐγὼ σκελίζω τοὺς κατοικοῦντας τὴν γῆν ταύτην τὴν ἐν θλί ψει, καὶ ἐκθλίψω αὐτοὺς, ὅπως ἐλεγχθῶσιν. Εἰ καλῶς ἔτρεχον, κατευθύνοντο. Ἐπειδὴ δὲ βλαβερὸς ὁ δρόμος, ἐπισκοτίζονται, ἵνα ἐπ' ὀλεθρίᾳ τρέχοντες παύσωνται. ιθʹ. Εὑρέθη οὐαὶ ἐπὶ συντρίμματί σου· ἀλγηρὰ ἡ πληγή σου. Σύντριμμα τὴν ἁμαρτίαν καλεῖ· οὐαὶ δὲ τὴν τιμωρίαν.","english":"But most people have fallen into irrationality, and some make gods for themselves, while others worship what is made by these. He also foretells the cessation of their error; for having said, \"15. Vain are the works that are mocked,\" that is, the idols, he added, \"In the time of their visitation they shall perish.\" For the apostolic preaching utterly destroyed the memory of these things, and we see the fulfillment of the prophecy. \"16. Such is not the portion of Jacob; for he who formed all things, he is his inheritance, and Israel is the rod of his inheritance. The Lord of hosts is his name.\" You, he says, were not taught this error; for from the beginning I chose you, and deemed you worthy of my peculiar care. \"17. He gathered your substance from outside, dwelling among the chosen.\" Having called the patriarch from the land of the Chaldeans, he brought him to Palestine, and having freed his race when it was enslaved in Egypt, he led it out. This, then, the prophetic word also declared: \"He gathered your substance from outside, dwelling among the chosen,\" that is, having chosen you out from the other nations, he bestowed on you the chosen land. \"18. For thus says the Lord: Behold, I will trip up those who dwell in this land in affliction, and I will press them hard, so that they may be convicted.\" If they were running well, they would be directed aright. But since their course is harmful, they are darkened, so that running to destruction they may cease. \"19. Woe was found at your destruction; grievous is your wound.\" He calls sin \"destruction,\" and \"woe\" the punishment.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":56,"ref":"p56","source":"Ἠκολούθησε, φησὶ, τῇ πονη ρίᾳ σου ἡ τιμωρία, καὶ ἀλγηρὰν ἐδέξω πληγήν· εἶτα ἐκ προσώπου τῆς πόλεως συντίθησι θρῆνον, διδάσκων αὐτὴν ποίοις δεῖ χρήσασθαι λόγοις ὀδυρομένην πλημμελείας· καί φησιν· \"Ὄντως τοῦτο τὸ τραῦμά ἐστι, καὶ κατέλαβέ με.\" Ἀντὶ τοῦ, Ἡ πληγὴ τῆς ἁμαρτίας αἰτία μοι γέγονε τῶν κακῶν. κʹ. Ἡ σκηνή σου ἐταλαιπώρησεν· ὤλετο, καὶ πᾶσαι αἱ δέῤῥεις σου διεσπάρησαν. Σκηνὴν καλεῖ, οὐ μόνον τὸν θεῖον νεὼν, ἀλλὰ καὶ τὰς οἰκίας, καὶ τοὺς πύργους, καὶ τοὺς περιβόλους. \"Οἱ υἱοί μου καὶ πρόβατά μου ἐξῆλθον ἀπ' ἐμοῦ, καὶ οὐκ εἰσίν· οὐκ ἔστι τόπος τῆς σκηνῆς μου, οὐ τόπος δέῤῥεών μου. Πάντων κατὰ ταυτὸν ἔρημος ἐγενόμην. Λέγει δὲ καὶ τῆς πονηρίας τοὺς διδασκάλους. καʹ. Ὅτι οἱ ποιμένες ἠφρονεύσαντο, καὶ τὸν Θεὸν οὐκ ἐξεζήτησαν. Ποιμένας καλεῖ τοὺς βασιλέας καὶ τοὺς ἱερέας· καὶ οὗτοι γὰρ κἀκεῖνοι τῆς πλάνης ἐγένοντο πρόξενοι. Διδάσκει δὲ ταῦτα σαφέστερον τῶν Βασιλειῶν καὶ τῶν Παραλειπομένων ἡ ἱστορία. \"Διὰ τοῦτο οὐκ ἐνόησε πᾶσα ἡ νομὴ αὐτῶν, ἀλλὰ διεσκορπίσθησαν.\" Νομὴν ἐνταῦθα καλεῖ, οὐ τὴν πόαν, ἀλλὰ τὰ ποίμνια· καὶ λέγει, τὴν τῶν ποιμένων ἀφροσύνην αἰτίαν γενέσθαι τῆς τῶν προ βάτων πλάνης. κβʹ. Φωνὴ ἀκοῆς ἰδοὺ ἔρχεται, καὶ σεισμὸς μέ γας ἐκ γῆς βοῤῥᾶ, τοῦ τάξαι τὰς πόλεις Ἰούδα εἰς ἀφανισμὸν, καὶ κοίτην στρουθῶν. Στρουθοὺς τὰς μεγάλας λέγει τὰς Λιβύσσας, ἃς οἱ πολλοὶ στρουθοκαμήλους καλοῦσι· φιλέρημον γὰρ καὶ τοῦτο τὸ ζῶον. Εἶτα διδάσκει ὁ προφήτης, τίς ἄγει τὸν Ναβουχοδονόσορ. κγʹ. Οἶδα, Κύριε, ὅτι οὐχὶ τοῦ ἀνθρώπου ἡ ὁδὸς αὐτοῦ·","english":"The punishment, he says, followed your wickedness, and you received a painful blow; then, in the person of the city, he composes a lament, teaching her what words she ought to use in bewailing her transgressions; and he says: \"Truly this is the wound, and it has come upon me.\" That is to say, The blow of sin has become for me the cause of my evils. 20. Your tabernacle has been brought to misery; it is destroyed, and all your curtains have been scattered. He calls \"tabernacle\" not only the divine temple, but also the houses, the towers, and the enclosures. \"My sons and my sheep have gone out from me, and are not; there is no place of my tabernacle, nor a place of my curtains. I have become desolate of all things at once. He speaks also of the teachers of wickedness. 21. For the shepherds have acted foolishly, and have not sought God. He calls kings and priests \"shepherds\"; for both these and those became the cause of the error. The history of Kings and Chronicles teaches these things more clearly. \"Therefore all their pasture did not understand, but they were scattered.\" Here he calls \"pasture\" not the grass, but the flocks; and he says that the folly of the shepherds became the cause of the wandering of the sheep. 22. A voice of hearing, behold, it comes, and a great shaking out of the land of the north, to appoint the cities of Judah for destruction, and a bed of sparrows. He calls \"sparrows\" the great Libyan birds, which most people call ostrich-sparrows; for this creature too loves solitude. Then the prophet teaches who it is that leads Nebuchadnezzar. 23. I know, Lord, that the way of man is not his own;","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":57,"ref":"p57","source":"οὐδὲ ἀνὴρ πορεύσεται, καὶ κατορθώσει ὁδὸν αὐτοῦ, καὶ κατευθυνεῖ πορείαν αὐτοῦ. Οὐκ ἂν ἐκεῖνος, φησὶν, ὥρμησε καθ' ἡμῶν μὴ βουλομένου σου, Δέσποτα· εἰ δὲ καὶ ὥρμησεν, οὐκ ἂν κατώρθωσεν ἅπερ ἠθέλησε, τῆς σῆς δεξιᾶς ἡμῶν προμηθουμένης· οἶδα γὰρ οἷα Σεναχηρεὶμ πέπονθεν· ἀλλ' ἱκετεύομέν σε, μηδὲ ἐκεῖνον ἡμᾶς εἰσπράξαι δίκας τῆς ἀσεβείας· ἀλλ' αὐτόν σε παιδεῦσαι, καὶ πατρικὴν παιδείαν ἐπαγαγεῖν· τοῦτο γὰρ ἐν τοῖς ἑξῆς λέγει. κδʹ, κεʹ. Παίδευσον ἡμᾶς, Κύριε, πλὴν ἐν κρί σει, καὶ μὴ ἐν θυμῷ· ἵνα μὴ ὀλίγους ποιή σῃς ἡμᾶς. Ἔκχεον τὸν θυμόν σου ἐπὶ ἔθνη τὰ μὴ εἰδότα σε, καὶ ἐπὶ βασιλείας, αἳ τὸ ὄνομά σου οὐκ ἐπεκαλέσαντο. Ὅτι κατέφαγον τὸν Ἰακὼβ, καὶ συνετέλεσαν αὐτὸν, καὶ τὴν νομὴν αὐτοῦ ἠρήμωσαν. Δῆλον τοίνυν καὶ ἐκ τῶν εἰρημένων, καὶ ἐκ τῶν ἐπαγομένων, ὡς τὸ, \"Οἶδα, Κύριε, ὅτι οὐχὶ τοῦ ἀνθρώπου ἡ ὁδὸς αὐτοῦ,\" οὔτε φυσικῇ δουλείᾳ τὸ ἐλεύθερον ἡμῶν ὑποβάλλει τῆς γνώμης, οὔτε τῆς εἱμαρμένης ἀνάγκῃ τὰ καθ' ἡμᾶς ὑποτίθησιν· ἀλλὰ διαῤῥήδην ἡμᾶς διδάσκει, πῶς ὁ Δεσπότης Θεὸς κατέχει τοὺς οἴακας τοῦ παντὸς κόσμου, καὶ σοφῶς κυβερνᾷ, καὶ χορηγεῖ τὰ ἀγαθὰ, καὶ παιδεύει δικαίως, ὅταν ἐπὶ πλεῖστον μακροθυμήσας ἐπιμείναντας τῇ πονηρίᾳ θεάσηται.","english":"Neither shall a man walk and make his way straight, and direct his course. That man, he says, would not have rushed against us without your will, Master; and even if he had rushed, he would not have accomplished what he wished, since your right hand provides for us; for I know what Sennacherim suffered. But we beseech you, do not exact from us the penalty for that man's impiety either, but discipline us yourself, and bring upon us a fatherly discipline; for this is what he says in what follows. 24, 25. Discipline us, Lord, but in judgment, and not in wrath, so that you may not make us few. Pour out your wrath upon the nations that do not know you, and upon kingdoms that have not called upon your name. For they have devoured Jacob, and consumed him, and laid waste his pasture. It is clear, then, both from what has been said and from what is added, that the words \"I know, Lord, that a man's way is not his own\" neither subject our freedom of will to a natural slavery, nor place our affairs under the necessity of fate; but they plainly teach us how the Master God holds the rudders of the whole world, and wisely steers, and supplies good things, and disciplines justly, when after great long-suffering he sees them persisting in wickedness.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":58,"ref":"p58","source":"ΚΕΦΑΛΑΙΟΝ ΙΑʹ.\n\nΜετὰ ταῦτα παρακελεύεται πρὸς πάντα εἰπεῖν τὸν λαόν· γʹ, δʹ. Τάδε λέγει Κύριος ὁ Θεὸς Ἰσραὴλ, Ἐπικατάρατος ἄνθρωπος, ὃς οὐκ ἀκούσεται τῶν λό γων τῆς διαθήκης ταύτης· ἧς ἐνετειλάμην τοῖς πατράσιν ὑμῶν, ἐν ᾗ ἡμέρᾳ ἀνήγαγον αὐτοὺς ἐκ γῆς Αἰγύπτου, ἐκ τῆς καμίνου τῆς σιδηρᾶς. Τοῦτο καὶ νομοθετῶν τῷ νόμῳ προστέθεικεν· ἔφη γάρ· \"Ἐπικατάρατος πᾶς, ὃς οὐκ ἐμμένει πᾶσι τοῖς γεγραμμένοις ἐν τῷ βιβλίῳ τοῦ νόμου, τοῦ ποιῆ σαι αὐτά·\" ὑπισχνεῖται δὲ κἀκεῖ, καὶ πάλιν ἐνταῦθα, ὡς πάσης ἀξιώσει κηδεμονίας τοὺς τὰς θείας φυλάσ σοντας ἐντολάς. Ἀναμιμνήσκει δὲ καὶ τῶν πρὸς τοὺς πατέρας αὐτῶν εἰρημένων, καὶ τῆς ἐκείνων ἀπει θείας. \"Ἐξέκλιναν γὰρ, φησὶ, τὸ οὖς αὐτῶν, καὶ ἐπορεύθησαν ἀνὴρ ἐν τῇ εὐθύτητι τῆς καρδίας αὑτοῦ τῆς πονηρᾶς.\" Εὐθύτητα δὲ ἐνταῦθα οὐ τὴν ὀρθότητα λέγει, ἀλλὰ τὴν ἐφεξῆς γεγενημένην πονηρίαν\n\nἐν τῇ κακίᾳ· οὐ γὰρ ἀπετρέποντο ταύτης, ἀλλὰ διηνεκῶς αὐτὴν ὥδευον. \"Καὶ ἐπήγαγον ἐπ' αὐ τοὺς πάντας τοὺς λόγους τῆς διαθήκης ταύτης, ἧς ἐνετειλάμην αὐτοῖς ποιῆσαι, καὶ οὐκ ἐποίησαν.\" Δια φόροις γὰρ τιμωρίαις αὐτοὺς ἐξέδωκε· ποτὲ μὲν Ἀμμανίταις, ποτὲ δὲ Μωαβίταις, ἄλλοτε ἀλλοφύλοις ἐδούλευσαν. θʹ, ιʹ. Καὶ εἶπε Κύριος· Εὑρέθη σύνδεσμος ἐν ἀνδράσιν Ἰούδα, καὶ ἐν τοῖς κατοικοῦσιν Ἱερουσαλήμ. Ἐπεστράφησαν ἐπὶ τὰς ἀδικίας τῶν πατέρων αὑτῶν τῶν προτέρων, οἳ οὐκ ἤθελον ἀκοῦσαι τῶν λόγων μου. Τὸ \"Εὑρέθη σύνδεσμος,\" ἀντὶ τοῦ, συνδεδεμένοι εἰσὶ, καὶ συμπεπλεγμένοι τοῖς πατράσι, καὶ τὴν ἐκείνων πορείαν ὁδεύουσι· τοῦτο γὰρ καὶ διὰ τῶν ἐπαγομένων σημαίνει.","english":"CHAPTER 11.\n\nAfter this he enjoins that all the people be told: 3, 4. Thus says the Lord God of Israel: Cursed is the man who will not hear the words of this covenant, which I commanded your fathers on the day when I brought them out of the land of Egypt, out of the iron furnace. This he also added when legislating in the Law; for he said: \"Cursed is everyone who does not abide by all the things written in the book of the Law, to do them.\" And he promises both there and again here that he will deem worthy of all his care those who keep the divine commandments. He also reminds them of what was said to their fathers, and of their disobedience. \"For they turned away their ear,\" he says, \"and each man walked in the uprightness of his own evil heart.\" By \"uprightness\" here he does not mean correctness, but the wickedness that followed in succession in evil; for they did not turn away from it, but walked in it continually. \"And I brought upon them all the words of this covenant, which I commanded them to do, and they did not do.\" For he delivered them over to various punishments; at one time they served the Ammonites, at another the Moabites, and at another time strangers. 9, 10. And the Lord said: A conspiracy has been found among the men of Judah, and among those who dwell in Jerusalem. They have turned back to the iniquities of their former fathers, who did not wish to hear my words. \"A conspiracy has been found\" stands for: they are bound together and entangled with their fathers, and they walk in their fathers' path; for he signifies this also through what follows.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":59,"ref":"p59","source":"\"Καὶ ἰδοὺ αὐτοὶ βαδίζουσιν ὀπίσω θεῶν ἀλλοτρίων, τοῦ δουλεύειν αὐτοῖς.\" Ταῦτα δὲ δρῶσι τὴν δοθεῖσαν αὐ τοῖς παραβαίνοντες διαθήκην. Οὗ δὴ χάριν παντοδαπαῖς αὐτοὺς περιβαλῶ συμφοραῖς, καὶ ὀδυρομένους οὐκ ἀξιώσω φειδοῦς· οὔτε μὴν παρὰ τῶν ὑπ' αὐτῶν θεραπευομένων θεῶν ἐπικουρίας τινὸς ἀπολαύονται. Λέγει δὲ καὶ τούτων τὸ πλῆθος. ιγʹ. Ὅτι κατὰ ἀριθμὸν τῶν πόλεών σου ἦσαν οἱ θεοί σου, Ἰούδα, καὶ κατὰ ἀριθμὸν ἐξόδων Ἱερουσαλὴμ, ἔταξαν βωμοὺς τῇ αἰσχύνῃ, θυσια στήρια τοῦ θυμιᾷν τῇ Βάαλ. Διὰ τὴν ὑπερβολὴν τοίνυν τῆς ἀσεβείας τὸν προφήτην κωλύει τὴν ὑπὲρ αὐτῶν πρεσβείαν προσενεγκεῖν. ιδʹ. Μὴ εὔχου γὰρ, φησὶ, περὶ τοῦ λαοῦ τούτου, καὶ μὴ ἀξιοῖς περὶ αὐτῶν ἐν δεήσει καὶ προσ ευχῇ· ὅτι οὐκ εἰσακούσομαί σου ἐν τῷ καιρῷ, ἐν ᾧ ἐπικαλοῦνταί με, ἐν τῷ καιρῷ τῆς κακώ σεως αὐτῶν. Ἐν αὐτῇ γὰρ τῇ τιμωρίᾳ τὰς δεήσεις προσφέρουσι· διὰ τοῦτο καὶ ὁ προφήτης Δαβὶδ παρ εγγυᾷ, λέγων· \"Προφθάσωμεν τὸ πρόσωπον αὐτοῦ ἐν ἐξομολογήσει.\" Ἐνταῦθα δὲ τὴν ἀνυπέρβλητον αὐτῆς ἀσέβειαν δείκνυσιν. ιεʹ. Τί ἡ ἠγαπημένη ἐν τῷ οἴκῳ μου ἐποίησε βδέλυγμα; Ἀμφότερα τὴν ἐπίτασιν τῆς δυσσεβείας δηλοῖ, καὶ τὸ \"ἠγαπημένην\" κληθῆναι, καὶ τὸ ἔνδο θεν ἐν τῷ θείῳ νεῷ τῶν οὐκ ὄντων θεῶν τὰ ἰνδάλματα στῆσαι. \"Μὴ εὐχαὶ καὶ κρέα ἅγια ἀφαιροῦσιν ἀπὸ σοῦ τὰς κακίας σου; ἢ τούτοις διαφεύξῃ;\" Σαφῶς ἡμᾶς ὁ προφητικὸς ἐδίδαξεν ὅρος καὶ λόγος, ὡς πρᾶξιν ἀγαθὴν ὁ Δεσπότης ζητεῖ· τοῦτο γὰρ καὶ ὁ θεῖος βοᾷ Δαβίδ· \"Θυσίαν καὶ προσφορὰν οὐκ ἠθέλη σας· σῶμα δὲ κατηρτίσω μοι.\" Καὶ πάλιν·","english":"And behold, they themselves walk after foreign gods, to serve them. And they do these things, transgressing the covenant that was given to them. For this reason I will surround them with all kinds of calamities, and I will not deem them worthy of pity when they lament; nor indeed will they obtain any help from the gods whom they serve. And he speaks also of their multitude. 13. For according to the number of your cities were your gods, O Judah, and according to the number of the exits of Jerusalem, they set up altars to shame, places of sacrifice for burning incense to Baal. Because of the excess, then, of their impiety, he prevents the prophet from offering intercession on their behalf. 14. For do not pray, he says, for this people, and do not think fit to entreat in petition and prayer on their behalf; for I will not listen to you in the time when they call upon me, in the time of their affliction. For it is in that very punishment that they offer their petitions; for this reason also the prophet David gives assurance, saying: Let us come before his face with confession. But here he shows the insuperable nature of her impiety. 15. What has the beloved done in my house, an abomination? Both things make clear the intensity of the impiety—both being called \"beloved\" and setting up the images of non-existent gods within, in the divine temple. Do not prayers and holy meats remove your evils from you? Or will you escape by these? Clearly the prophetic word and statement has taught us that the Master seeks a good deed; for this also the divine David cries out: Sacrifice and offering you did not desire; but a body you prepared for me. And again:","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":60,"ref":"p60","source":"\"Ὅτι εἰ ἠθέλησας θυσίαν, ἔδωκα ἂν, ὁλοκαυτώματα οὐκ εὐδοκήσεις· θυσία τῷ Θεῷ πνεῦμα συντετριμμένον· καρδίαν συντετριμμένην καὶ τεταπεινωμένην ὁ Θεὸς οὐκ ἐξουδενώσει.\" Καὶ ἐπειδὴ ἠγαπημένην αὐτὴν ἐκάλεσε, λέγει πάλιν καὶ τὴν ἑτέραν αὐτῆς προσ ηγορίαν. ιϛʹ. Ἐλαίαν ὡραίαν, εὔσκιον τῷ εἴδει, ἐκά λεσε Κύριος τὸ ὄνομά σου. Ταύτην δὲ τὴν προσ ηγορίαν ἐπέθηκεν ἐπὶ τὴν καρπογονίαν προτρέπων. Οὕτω καὶ ἄμπελον πολλάκις ὠνόμασεν. \"Εἰς φωνὴν περιτομῆς αὐτῆς ἀνήφθη πῦρ ἐπ' αὐτήν. Ἐπειδὴ ἐλαίαν ἐκάλεσε, καὶ καθάρσεως μέμνηται· περιτομὴν γὰρ καλεῖ τὴν κάθαρσιν· οὕτω καὶ ὁ Κύριος ἐν τοῖς ἱεροῖς Εὐαγγελίοις φησί· \"Πᾶν κλῆμα ἐν ἐμοὶ μὴ φέρον καρπὸν ἐκκόπτεται, καὶ εἰς πῦρ βάλλεται.\" –\"Μεγάλη ἡ θλίψις ἐπὶ σέ· ἠχρειώθη σαν οἱ κλάδοι αὐτῆς.\" Καρποὺς γὰρ ἀγαθοὺς ἐνεγ κεῖν οὐκ ἠθέλησαν· καὶ διδάσκων ὡς οὐχ ὁ Βαβυλώνιος ἰσχυρὸς, ἀλλ' αὐτὸς αὐτῇ τὴν τιμωρίαν ἐπάγει, προστέθεικε καὶ ταῦτα· ιζʹ. Καὶ Κύριος ὁ Θεὸς τῶν δυνάμεων ὁ κατα φυτεύσας σε, ἐλάλησεν ἐπὶ σὲ κακὰ, ἀντὶ τῆς κακίας οἴκου Ἰσραὴλ, καὶ οἴκου Ἰούδα· ὅτι ἐποίησαν ἑαυτοῖς τοῦτο, τοῦ παροργίσαι με ἐν τῷ θυμιᾷν αὐτοὺς τῇ Βάαλ. Αὐτὸς, φησὶν, ὁ φυτουργός σου τοὺς κλάδους ἐξέκοψε· σὺ δὲ τούτων αἰτία, οὐκ ὠφελίμους, ἀλλὰ δηλητηρίους βλαστήσασα καρπούς. Διδάσκει δὲ διὰ τῶν ἑξῆς ὁ προφήτης, οἷα κατ' αὐτοῦ τολμήσουσι, καὶ κατὰ τοῦ Δεσπότου Χριστοῦ. Ἐν αὐτῷ γὰρ κἀκεῖνα ἐσκιογραφήθη. ιηʹ. Κύριε, γνώρισόν μοι, καὶ γνώσομαι. Ὅτι οὐ μόνον τὰ κατ' αὐτοῦ λέγει γεγενημένα, μαρτυ ρεῖ ἡ εὐχή· οὐκ ἀποκαλύψεως ἐδεῖτο εἰς τὸ ἰδεῖν τὰ τότε γιγνόμενα·","english":"For if you had desired sacrifice, I would have given it; you will not be pleased with whole burnt offerings. The sacrifice to God is a broken spirit; a broken and humbled heart God will not despise.\" And since he called her beloved, he speaks again also of her other appellation. 16. \"A beautiful olive tree, fair to look upon, the Lord called your name.\" He applied this appellation with a view to fruitfulness, urging it on. Thus he also often named her a vine. \"At the sound of her circumcision fire was kindled against her.\" Since he called her an olive tree, he also makes mention of purification; for he calls purification circumcision; thus also the Lord in the holy Gospels says: \"Every branch in me that does not bear fruit is cut off and cast into the fire.\" —\"Great is the affliction upon you; her branches have become useless.\" For they were unwilling to bring forth good fruits; and teaching that it is not the Babylonian who is strong, but that he himself brings punishment upon her, he added these things as well: 17. \"And the Lord, the God of hosts, who planted you, has spoken evil against you, instead of the wickedness of the house of Israel and of the house of Judah; because they made this for themselves, to provoke me to anger by burning incense to Baal.\" He himself, he says, your planter has cut off your branches; but you are the cause of these things, having sprouted not useful but poisonous fruits. And the prophet teaches through what follows what sort of things they will dare against him, and against the Master Christ. For in him those things too were foreshadowed. 18. \"O Lord, make it known to me, and I shall know.\" That he speaks not only of the things that happened against him, the prayer bears witness; he did not need revelation in order to see the things then happening.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":61,"ref":"p61","source":"εἰς αὐτὸν γὰρ ἐγένοντο· ἀλλ' ἡ\n\nἀποκάλυψις προδείκνυσι τὰ ἐσόμενα. \"Τότε εἶδον τὰ ἐπιτηδεύματα αὐτῶν.\" ιθʹ. Ἐγὼ δὲ, ὡς ἀρνίον ἄκακον ἀγόμενον τοῦ θύεσθαι, οὐκ ἔγνων. Τὸ \"οὐκ ἔγνων\" τῷ προφήτῃ ἁρμόττει, ὡς οὐ προσδοκήσαντι τὰ λυπηρά· οὐ προσέσχεν ἀκριβῶς ταῖς Δεσποτικαῖς ὑποσχέ σεσιν, ἀλλ' ἀκούσας· \"Τέθεικά σε ἐν τῇ σήμερον ἡμέρᾳ, ὡς πόλιν ὀχυρὰν, καὶ ὡς στύλον σιδηροῦν, καὶ ὡς τεῖχος χαλκοῦν, \"ἐνόμισε μηδαμῶς πειρᾶσθαι σκυθρωποῦ. Ὁ δὲ θεῖος λόγος οὐ τοῦτο ὑπέσχετο, ἀλλ' ὅτι Κρείττων ἔσῃ τῶν λυπηρῶν· \"Πολεμήσουσι γὰρ, φησὶ, πρὸς σὲ, καὶ οὐ μὴ δύνωνται πρὸς σέ· διότι ἐγώ εἰμι μετὰ σοῦ, τοῦ ἐξαιρεῖσθαί σε, λέγει Κύριος·\" τῷ δὲ Δεσπότῃ Χριστῷ καθ' ἑτέραν ἔννοιαν ὁ λόγος ἐστὶ πρόσφορος. Ὥσπερ γὰρ, φησὶν, ὁ ἀρ νειὸς ἀγόμενος εἰς σφαγὴν οὐκ οἶδεν ὃ πείσεται, καὶ τοῖς ἄγουσιν ἕπεται καταδεξάμενος τὸ πάθος. \"Ὅτι ἐπ' ἐμὲ ἐλογίσαντο λογισμὸν, λέγοντες· Δεῦτε ἐμ βάλωμεν ξύλον εἰς τὸν ἄρτον αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἐκτρίψωμεν αὐτὸν ἀπὸ γῆς ζώντων, καὶ οὐ μὴ μνησθῇ τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ ἔτι.\" Τοῦτο τῷ προφήτῃ οὐθ' ὅλως ἁρμόττει· πῶς γὰρ οἷόν τε ἦν ξύλον ἐμβληθῆναι τῷ ἄρτῳ; Τῷ δὲ Δεσπότῃ Χριστῷ καὶ μάλα τῆς προφητείας ὁ λόγος προσήκει· ἄρτον γὰρ τὸ ἑαυτοῦ προσηγόρευσε σῶμα· \"Ὁ ἄρτος γὰρ, φησὶν, ὃν ἐγὼ δώσω, ἡ σάρξ μού ἐστιν, ἣν ἐγὼ δώσω ὑπὲρ τῆς τοῦ κόσμου ζωῆς.\" Τοῦτον τὸν ἄρτον ξύλῳ προσήλωσαν, νομίζοντες αὐτοῦ κατασβεννύναι τὴν μνήμην. Εἶτα ὁ προφήτης. κʹ. Σὺ δὲ, Κύριε τῶν δυνάμεων, ὁ κρίνων δίκαια, δοκιμάζων νεφροὺς καὶ καρδίας, ἴδοιμι τὴν παρὰ σοῦ ἐκδίκησιν ἐν αὐτοῖς·","english":"For they came upon him; but the revelation shows beforehand the things that are to come. \"Then I saw their practices.\" 19. But I, like an innocent lamb led to be sacrificed, did not know. The \"I did not know\" fits the prophet, as one who did not expect the painful things; he did not attend closely to the Lord's promises, but having heard, \"I have set you in this day as a fortified city, and as an iron pillar, and as a bronze wall,\" he supposed that he would in no way be tried by gloom. But the divine word did not promise this, but that you shall be stronger than the painful things: \"For they shall fight against you,\" it says, \"and they shall not be able against you; because I am with you, to deliver you, says the Lord.\" But to the Lord Christ the word is fitting in another sense. For just as, it says, the lamb led to slaughter does not know what it will suffer, and follows those leading it, having accepted the passion. \"Because they devised a device against me, saying: Come, let us cast wood into his bread, and let us wipe him out from the land of the living, and his name shall no longer be remembered.\" This does not fit the prophet at all; for how could wood be cast into bread? But to the Lord Christ the word of the prophecy is very much appropriate; for he called his own body bread: \"For the bread,\" it says, \"which I will give is my flesh, which I will give for the life of the world.\" This bread they nailed to wood, thinking to extinguish his memory. Then the prophet: 20. But you, Lord of hosts, who judge just things, who test kidneys and hearts, may I see the vengeance from you upon them.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":62,"ref":"p62","source":"ὅτι πρὸς σὲ ἀνεκάλυψα τὸ δικαίωμά μου. Νεφροὺς, ὡς πολλάκις εἰρήκαμεν, τοὺς λογισμοὺς ὀνομάζει· ἐπειδὴ τὸ ἐπιθυμητικὸν ἐν τοῖς νεφροῖς ὂν, ἀνακινεῖ πολλάκις τὸν λογισμόν. Οὐ μάτην μέντοι συνεχώρησεν ὁ Θεὸς τὸν προφήτην πειραθῆναι τῶν λυπηρῶν· ἀλλ' ἐπειδὴ πολλάκις ἐπεχείρησε τὰς ὑπὲρ τῶν παρανομούντων πρεσβείας προσενεγκεῖν, πεῖσαι βουλό μενος αὐτὸν μὴ ἑαυτὸν μὲν νομίζειν φιλάνθρωπον, τὸν δὲ τῆς ἀγαθότητος θησαυρὸν ἀπηνῆ, συνεχώρησε γενέσθαι τὴν ἐπανάστασιν· ὁ δὲ λίαν ἀλγήσας, κρί ναι δικαίως ἀντιβολεῖ τὸν Θεὸν, καὶ δίκας ἀπαιτῆσαι τοὺς ἀνοσίους· δέχεται δὲ τὴν ἱκεσίαν ὁ Δεσπότης, καὶ δίδωσι τὴν ἀπόκρισιν, καὶ κόλασιν ἀπειλεῖ, καὶ τοὺς μὲν ἐν πολέμῳ σφαγήσεσθαι λέγει, τοὺς δὲ λιμῷ διαφθαρήσεσθαι.\n\nΚΕΦΑΛΑΙΟΝ ΙΒʹ.\n\nἈλλὰ πάλιν ὁ προφήτης, θεώμενος τῶν πονηρίᾳ συζώντων τὴν εὐπραξίαν, τούτου τὴν αἰτίαν διδαχθῆ ναι ἀντιβολεῖ. αʹ. Δίκαιος εἶ, Κύριε, ὅτι ἀπολογήσομαι πρὸς σέ· πλὴν κρίματα λαλήσω πρὸς σέ. Οἶδα, φησὶν, ἀκριβῶς τῆς σῆς ψήφου τὸ δίκαιον· οὐκ ἄτοπον δὲ οὐδὲ ἐγὼ προσφέρειν ἡγοῦμαί σοι πεῦσιν. \"Τί ὅτι ὁδὸς ἀσεβῶν εὐοδοῦται, εὐθήνησαν πάντες οἱ ἀθετοῦντες ἀθέτημα;\" βʹ. Ἐφύτευσας αὐτοὺς, καὶ ἐῤῥιζώθησαν· ἐτεκνοποίησαν, καὶ ἐποίησαν καρπόν. Διὰ τού των εὐπραξίαν ἐδήλωσε· τὴν δὲ ἄθεον γνώμην διὰ τῶν ἐπαγομένων ἐδήλωσε σημαίνων· \"Ἐγγὺς εἶ σὺ τοῦ στόματος αὐτῶν, καὶ πόῤῥω ἀπὸ τῶν νεφρῶν αὐτῶν.\" Ἐν μόνοις, φησὶ, τοῖς λόγοις προσ ηγορίαν προσφέρουσι τὴν σήν· ἐκ γὰρ τῶν λογισμῶν τὴν σὴν ἐξέβαλον μνήμην. γʹ. Καὶ σὺ, Κύριε, γινώσκεις με, εἶδές με, ἐδοκίμασας τὴν καρδίαν μου.","english":"because I have revealed my cause to you. \"Kidneys,\" as we have often said, he calls the thoughts, since the desiring faculty, being in the kidneys, often stirs up the reasoning. Not without purpose, however, did God permit the prophet to experience sorrows; but since he had often undertaken to offer intercessions on behalf of the lawless, wishing to persuade him not to consider himself humane but the treasury of goodness harsh, he permitted the uprising to take place; and he, having grieved exceedingly, implores God to judge righteously and to exact penalties from the impious. And the Master accepts the supplication, and gives the answer, and threatens punishment, and says that some will be slain in war, and others will be destroyed by famine.\n\nCHAPTER 12.\n\nBut again the prophet, beholding the prosperity of those who live with wickedness, implores to be taught the cause of this. 1. You are righteous, O Lord, that I will plead with you; nevertheless I will speak judgments with you. I know, he says, precisely the justice of your verdict; nor do I think it improper to bring a question to you. \"Why is the way of the impious prosperous, all who transgress transgression have prospered?\" 2. You planted them, and they took root; they bore children, and produced fruit. Through these things he indicated their prosperity; but through what follows he indicated their godless mind, meaning: \"You are near to their mouth, and far from their kidneys.\" In their words alone, he says, do they offer address to you; for from their thoughts they have cast out your remembrance. 3. And you, O Lord, know me, you have seen me, you have tested my heart.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":63,"ref":"p63","source":"Οὐ γὰρ μόνον τὰ φαινόμενα οἶδας, ἀλλὰ καὶ τοὺς λανθάνοντάς μου λογισμούς. \"Ἄθροισον αὐτοὺς ὡς πρόβατα εἰς σφαγὴν, καὶ ἅγνισον αὐτοὺς εἰς ἡμέραν σφαγῆς αὐτῶν.\" Τὸ ἅγνισον, ἀντὶ τοῦ ἀφόρισον λέγει. Ἀφορίζει γὰρ ἑαυτὸν ὁ ἁγνίσασθαι βουλόμενος· διὸ καὶ ὁ Σύρος εὐτρέπισον ἀντὶ τοῦ ἅγνισον τέ θεικεν. δʹ. Ἕως πότε πενθήσει ἡ γῆ, καὶ ὁ χόρτος πᾶς τοῦ ἀγροῦ ξηρανθήσεται ἀπὸ κακίας τῶν κατοικούντων τὴν γῆν; ἠφανίσθησαν κτήνη καὶ πετεινὰ, ὅτι εἶπον, οὐκ ὄψεται ὁ Θεὸς ὁδοὺς ἡμῶν. Τῆς τούτων ἕνεκα παρανομίας ἔρημος ἡ γῆ\n\nμεμένηκε, Κύριε· ὑπολαμβάνουσι γὰρ μὴ ἐφορᾷν σε, μηδὲ βλέπειν τὰ ὑπ' αὐτῶν τολμώμενα. εʹ. Σοῦ οἱ πόδες τρέχουσιν εἰς κακίαν, καὶ ἐκλύσουσί σε. Πῶς παρασκευάσῃ ἐφ' ἵπ ποις, καὶ ἐν γῇ εἰρήνης σὺ πέποιθας; Τοῦτο ὁ Σύρος οὕτως ἡρμήνευσε· \"Μετὰ πεζῶν τρέχουσα ἡττήθης,\" καὶ πῶς ἀντιστῆναι ἱππεῦσι δυνήσῃ; ὃ δὲ λέγει, τοιοῦτόν ἐστιν· Οἱ γειτονεύοντες πολέμιοι, Μωαβῖται, καὶ Ἀμμανῖται, καὶ Ἰδουμαῖοι, καὶ ἀλλόφυλοι πεζεύοντες ἐπολέμουν· πολλάκις δὲ ἡττήθης πολεμοῦσα ἐκείνοις. Πῶς τοίνυν δυνήσῃ, φησὶν, ἀντιστῆναι Βαβυλωνίοις ἐφ' ἵππων παραταττομένοις; Κατὰ δὲ τὴν Ἑλληνικὴν ἑρμηνείαν οὕτω νοητέον, Ὅτι ὁ διὰ τὴν πονηρίαν σου δρόμος ἐξέλυσέ σε, καὶ τῆς ἰσχύος ἐγύμνωσε· ῥώμης δὲ καὶ ἰσχύος ἐστερημένη, πῶς δυνήσῃ ἀντιστῆναι, καὶ παρα τάξασθαι τοῖς μετὰ πλείστων ἵππων στρατεύουσιν; Ἀμφότερα δὲ τέθεικα τὰ νοήματα, τοῖς ἐντευξομένοις προτιθεὶς τὴν ἐπὶ τοῦ κρείττονος αἵρεσιν. Πῶς ποιήσεις ἐν φρυάγματι τοῦ Ἰορδάνου; Ὁ Σύρος οὕτως εἶπε·","english":"For you know not only what is visible, but also my thoughts that escape notice. \"Gather them together as sheep for slaughter, and sanctify them for the day of their slaughter.\" By \"sanctify\" he means \"set apart.\" For the one who wishes to be sanctified sets himself apart; therefore the Syrian also has rendered \"prepare\" instead of \"sanctify.\" 4. How long will the land mourn, and all the grass of the field be dried up because of the wickedness of those who dwell in the land? Beasts and birds have vanished, because they said, \"God will not see our ways.\" Because of their lawlessness the land has remained desolate, O Lord; for they suppose that you do not look upon them, nor see the things they dare to do. 5. Your feet run to evil, and they will exhaust you. How will you prepare yourself upon horses, and in a land of peace you have trusted? The Syrian interpreted this as follows: \"Running with foot soldiers, you were defeated,\" and how will you be able to stand against horsemen? What he means is this: the neighboring enemies—Moabites, Ammonites, Idumeans, and foreigners—waged war on foot; and often you were defeated fighting against them. How then, he says, will you be able to stand against the Babylonians, who are drawn up on horses? According to the Greek interpretation, it must be understood thus: that the course you ran because of your wickedness has exhausted you and stripped you of strength; and being deprived of vigor and strength, how will you be able to stand and array yourself against those who wage war with very many horses? I have set forth both meanings, offering to those who will read the choice of the better one. How will you do in the swelling of the Jordan? The Syrian spoke thus:","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":64,"ref":"p64","source":"\"Πῶς περάσεις τὸν Ἰορδάνην πλημμυροῦντα;\" Τροπικῶς δὲ ποταμὸν πλημμυροῦντα τῆς στρατιᾶς τῶν πολεμίων τὸ πλῆθος ἐκάλεσεν· ἀνέμνησε δὲ αὐτοὺς καὶ τῶν ἐπὶ Ἰησοῦ τοῦ Ναυή· ὅτι Ἡνίκα σου ἐπεμελούμην, τὸν ποταμὸν ἐκεῖνον πλημμυροῦντα διέβης. ϛʹ. Ὅτι καὶ οἶκος τοῦ πατρός σου, καὶ οὗ τοι ἠθέτησάν σε, καὶ αὐτοὶ ἐβόησαν ἐκ τῶν ὀπίσω σου· καὶ οὗτοι αὐτοὶ συνήχθησαν ἐπὶ σοί. Πολλοὶ γὰρ, ὡς εἰκὸς, καὶ ἐκ τῶν δέκα φυλῶν, τῶν ἤδη γεγενημένων αἰχμαλώτων, συνεστρατεύοντο τοῖς πολεμίοις. \"Μὴ πιστεύσῃς, ὅτι λαλοῦσι πρὸς σὲ καλά.\" Τοιοῦτος ἦν ὁ Ῥαψάκης, τῇ Ἑβραίων κεχρημένος φωνῇ, καὶ κατὰ τοῦ Θεοῦ βλασφημῶν· ταῦτα μεταξὺ εἰρηκὼς ὁ προφήτης, τὴν περὶ τοῦ Δεσπότου προφητείαν ἀναλαμβάνει, καὶ τὴν Ἰουδαίων πανωλεθρίαν προαγορεύει, καί φησιν ἐκ προσ ώπου τοῦ Θεοῦ· ζʹ. Ἐγκαταλέλοιπα τὸν οἶκόν μου· ἀφῆκα τὴν κληρονομίαν μου· ἔδωκα τὴν ἠγαπημένην ψυχήν μου εἰς χεῖρας ἐχθρῶν αὐτῆς. Τὴν οἰκείαν δείκνυ σιν ἀγαθότητα, καὶ τὴν ἐκείνων βδελυρίαν ἐλέγχων διδάσκει· αὐτὸς μὲν γὰρ ἀγαπητικοῖς κέχρηται ῥή μασι, καὶ ψυχὴν αὑτοῦ ἠγαπημένην τὴν πολεμίαν καλεῖ· ἐκείνη δὲ τὰ δυσμενῶν καὶ ἐπιβούλων ἐργά ζεται· τοῦτο γὰρ δηλοῖ τὰ ἑξῆς. ηʹ. Ἐγένετο ἡ κληρονομία μου ἐμοὶ ὡς λέων ἐν δρυμῷ. Ἀντὶ γὰρ νύμφης θηρίον ἐγένετο, καὶ τὸν νυμφίον κατέφαγεν. \"Ἔδωκεν ἐπ' ἐμὲ τὴν φωνὴν αὑτῆς.\" Τὴν τῆς προφητείας ἀλήθειαν διδάσκει τὰ Εὐαγγέλια· μανθάνομεν γὰρ ἐκεῖθεν ὡς ἐβόων, \"Αἶρε, αἶρε, σταύρωσον αὐτόν.\" –\"Διὰ τοῦτο ἐμίσησα αὐτήν.\" Τῆς τιμωρίας τὸ δίκαιον ἔδειξε. θʹ. Μὴ σπήλαιον ὑαίνης ἡ κληρονομία μου ἐμοί; ἢ σπήλαιον κύκλῳ αὐτῆς;","english":"How will you cross the Jordan when it is in flood?\" Figuratively he called the multitude of the enemy army a river in flood; and he reminded them also of the events in the time of Joshua the son of Nun: that when I cared for you, you crossed that river in flood. 6. \"For even the house of your father, and those who dealt treacherously with you, even they cried out after you; and these very men have gathered together against you.\" For many, as is likely, even from the ten tribes that had already been taken captive, were campaigning with the enemies. \"Do not trust that they speak good things to you.\" Such was Rabshakeh, using the Hebrew tongue and blaspheming against God. Having said these things in between, the prophet takes up the prophecy concerning the Master, and foretells the utter destruction of the Jews, and says in the person of God: 7. \"I have abandoned my house; I have left my inheritance; I have given my beloved soul into the hands of its enemies.\" He shows his own goodness, and by convicting them of their abomination he teaches: for he himself uses affectionate words, and calls the hostile one his beloved soul; but she does the works of enemies and plotters; for what follows makes this clear. 8. \"My inheritance has become to me as a lion in the thicket.\" For instead of a bride she became a beast, and devoured the bridegroom. \"She gave her voice against me.\" The Gospels teach the truth of the prophecy; for we learn from there that they cried out, \"Away, away, crucify him.\" —\"Therefore I hated her.\" He showed the justice of the punishment. 9. \"Is my inheritance to me a hyena's cave? Or a cave round about her?","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":65,"ref":"p65","source":"Ἐν τοῖς ἔμπροσθεν ἑρμηνευομένοις, σπήλαιον λῃστῶν τὸν ναὸν προσηγόρευσε διὰ τὴν τῶν λειτουργούντων παρα νομίαν· ἐνταῦθα δὲ σπήλαιον ὑαίνης, οὐ μόνον τὴν πόλιν καλεῖ, ἀλλὰ καὶ τὰ ταύτης κύκλῳ, τουτέστι τὴν Ἰουδαίαν· καὶ πάλιν τῆς εἰς αὐτὸν γεγενημένης παρανομίας κατηγορεῖ. Ἐμοὶ γὰρ, φησὶ, ἐγένετο σπήλαιον ὑαίνης. Εἶτα τὸν ἔσχατον αὐτῆς ὄλεθρον προθεσπίζει. \"Βαδίσατε, συναγάγετε ἐπ' αὐτὴν πάντα τὰ θηρία τοῦ ἀγροῦ, καὶ ἐλθέτωσαν φαγεῖν αὐτήν.\" Τῆς γὰρ οἰκουμένης Ῥωμαῖοι τὸ κράτος δεξάμενοι, καὶ τὴν στρατιὰν ἐκ διαφόρων συναγα γόντες ἐθνῶν, τοὺς μὲν κατέσφαξαν, τοὺς δὲ δορυ αλώτους ἀπήγαγον. Αἰτίους δὲ τῆς ἀσεβείας τοὺς τοῦ νόμου διδασκάλους γεγενῆσθαί φησιν· ἐπάγει γάρ· ιʹ, ιαʹ. Ποιμένες πολλοὶ διέφθειραν τὸν ἀμπελῶνά μου· ἐμόλυναν τὴν μερίδα μου· ἔδωκαν τὴν μερίδα τὴν ἐπιθυμητήν μου εἰς ἔρημον ἄβα τον. Ἐγενήθη εἰς ἀφανισμὸν ἀπωλείας. Οἱ γὰρ Ἀρχιερεῖς, καὶ οἱ Γραμματεῖς, καὶ οἱ Φαρισαῖοι, τὸν λαὸν ἐξαπατήσαντες, καὶ τὸν Δεσπότην σταυρώσαντες, προεξένησαν τοῖς Ἰουδαίοις τὰ πολυθρύλλητα ἐκεῖνα κακά. Καὶ τοῦτο διδάσκει σαφέστερον· \"Δι' ἐμὲ ἠφανίσθη ἀφανισμῷ πᾶσα ἡ γῆ.\" Πᾶσαν γῆν τὴν τοῦ Ἰσραήλ φησι· διὰ γὰρ τὰ εἰς αὐτὸν","english":"In the preceding interpretations, he called the temple a cave of robbers because of the lawlessness of those who served in it; but here he calls it a cave of a hyena, not only the city but also the regions around it, that is, Judea; and again he accuses the lawlessness that was committed against him. For to me, he says, it became a cave of a hyena. Then he foretells its final destruction. \"Go, gather against it all the beasts of the field, and let them come and eat it.\" For when the Romans received dominion over the inhabited world and gathered an army from various nations, some they slaughtered, and others they led away as captives. And he says that the teachers of the law were the causes of the impiety; for he adds: 10, 11. Many shepherds have destroyed my vineyard; they have defiled my portion; they have given my desirable portion into a desolate wilderness. It has become a desolation of destruction. For the high priests, the scribes, and the Pharisees, having deceived the people and crucified the Master, prepared beforehand for the Jews those much-heralded evils. And he teaches this more clearly: \"For my sake the whole earth has been utterly destroyed.\" He means the whole land of Israel; for because of the things done against him","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":66,"ref":"p66","source":"γεγε νημένα, τότε μὲν ὑπὸ τῶν πολεμίων ἔρημος αὐτῶν ἡ χώρα ἐγένετο· νῦν δὲ τῆς ἀοιδίμου μητροπόλεως αὐτῶν ἐστέρηνται παντελῶς. \"Ὅτι οὐκ ἔστιν ἀνὴρ τιθέμενος ἐπὶ καρδίαν.\" Ἀντὶ τοῦ, λογισμοῖς εὐσε βέσιν οὐ χρῶνται. ιβʹ. Ἐπὶ πᾶσαν διεκβολὴν τῆς ἐρήμου ἦλθον ταλαιπωρήσαντες ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ. Τὴν διεκβολὴν ἀτραπὸν ὁ Σύρος ἡρμήνευσε· πᾶσαν, φησὶ, τὴν ἔρη μον ἐπλήρωσαν ἀτραπῶν, ταλαιπωροῦντες, καὶ τοὺς πολεμίους ἀποδιδράσκοντες· ἴδιον γὰρ τῶν φευ γόντων μὴ κεχρῆσθαι ταῖς νενομισμέναις ὁδοῖς. \"Ὅτι μάχαιρα Κυρίου καταφάγεται ἀπ' ἄκρου τῆς γῆς ἕως ἄκρου τῆς γῆς· οὐκ ἔστιν εἰρήνη πάσῃ σαρκί.\" Λέγει μὲν καὶ τὰ Ἰουδαίοις συμβάντα, καὶ ἀπ' ἄκρου τῆς γῆς ἕως ἄκρου τῆς γῆς τῆς Ἰσραηλίτιδος. Προ λέγει δὲ καὶ τὰ κατὰ διαφόρους καιροὺς ἐπενεχθέντα τοῖς ἔθνεσι· καθ' ὧν καὶ περὶ τὸ τέλος τῆς προ φητείας προαγορεύει. ιγʹ. Ἐσπείρατε πυροὺς, καὶ ἀκάνθας θεριεῖ τε. Παρεγγυᾷ μὴ θαῤῥεῖν τῇ τῆς γῆς εὐκαρπίᾳ, ἀλλὰ τῇ τῆς γῆς εὐπραξίᾳ· ὁ γὰρ κακίᾳ χρώμενος ἀκάνθας ἐκ ταύτης τρυγᾷ. \"Οἱ κλῆροι ὑμῶν οὐκ ὠφελήσουσιν ὑμᾶς.\" Κλήρους πάλιν τὴν εὐκληρίαν ἐκάλεσεν, ᾗ συμβουλεύει μὴ πεποιθέναι. \"Ἠσχύν θητε ἀπὸ καυχήσεως ὑμῶν, ἀπὸ ὀνειδισμοῦ ἐναντίον τοῦ Θεοῦ.\" Ἃ νομίζετε σεμνύνειν ὑμᾶς, τουτέστι τὸν πλοῦτον, τὴν δυναστείαν, ταῦτα ὑμᾶς κρινομένους παρὰ τῷ Θεῷ αἰσχύνης ἐμπλήσει. Ἀπολαύσαντες γὰρ τῶν παρ' αὐτοῦ δωρεῶν τοῖς ἐναντίοις ἠμεί ψασθε. ιδʹ. Τάδε λέγει Κύριος περὶ πάντων τῶν γειτόνων τῶν πονηρῶν, τῶν ποιμένων τῶν ἁπτομένων τῆς κληρονομίας μου, ἧς ἐμέρισα τῷ λαῷ μου Ἰσραήλ.","english":"...having happened, at that time their land was made desolate by their enemies; but now they have been utterly deprived of their renowned mother city. \"For there is no man laying it to heart.\" That is, they do not employ pious reasonings. 12. Upon every pass of the desert they came, suffering hardship in the desert. The Syrian interpreted the pass as a footpath; every, he says, desert they filled with footpaths, suffering hardship and fleeing from the enemies; for it is characteristic of those in flight not to use the customary roads. \"For the sword of the Lord shall devour from one end of the earth to the other end of the earth; there is no peace for all flesh.\" He speaks both of the things that happened to the Jews, and from one end of the earth to the other end of the earth of Israel. But he also foretells the things brought upon the nations at various times; against whom he also foretells near the end of the prophecy. 13. You sowed wheat, and you shall reap thorns. He enjoins them not to trust in the fruitfulness of the land, but in the good conduct of the land; for he who practices evil reaps thorns from it. \"Your lots shall not profit you.\" Again he called lots the good fortune, in which he advises them not to trust. \"You were put to shame from your boasting, from reproach before God.\" The things you think exalt you, that is, wealth, power, these will fill you with shame when you are judged before God. For having enjoyed his gifts, you repaid him with the opposite. 14. Thus says the Lord concerning all the wicked neighbors, the shepherds who touch my inheritance, which I divided to my people Israel.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":67,"ref":"p67","source":"Ἰδουμαῖοι, καὶ Μωαβῖται, καὶ Ἀμμανῖται, καὶ Ἀλλόφυλοι, ἀπεχθῶς ἀεὶ καὶ δυσμενῶς περὶ Ἰουδαίους διέκειντο· ἐφήσθησαν τοίνυν τὰς ἐπενεχθείσας αὐτοῖς θεασάμενοι συμφοράς· διάτοι τοῦτο προδιδάσκει αὐτοὺς τὴν ἐσομένην τῶν Ἰουδαίων ἀνάκλησιν. Ποιμένας δὲ καλεῖ τοὺς ἐκείνων ἄρχοντας. Ἰδοὺ ἐγὼ ἀνασπῶ αὐτοὺς ἀπὸ τῆς γῆς αὐτῶν, καὶ τὸν οἶκον Ἰούδα ἐκβαλῶ ἐκ μέσου αὐτῶν. (ιεʹ) Καὶ ἔσται μετὰ τὸ ἐκβαλεῖν με αὐτοὺς, ἐπι στρέψω, καὶ ἐλεήσω αὐτοὺς, καὶ κατοικιῶ αὐ τοὺς ἕκαστον εἰς τὴν κληρονομίαν αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἕκαστον εἰς τὴν γῆν αὐτοῦ. Διὰ τούτων τὴν ἐπὶ Κύρου καὶ Δαρείου γεγενημένην ἐπάνοδον προθεσπί σας, καὶ τὰ μετὰ ταῦτα ἐσόμενα προδιδάσκει. ιϛʹ, ιζʹ. Καὶ ἔσται ἐὰν διδάσκοντες διδάξωσι τὴν ὁδόν μου τὸν λαόν μου, τοῦ ὀμνύειν τῷ ὀνό ματί μου, ζῇ Κύριος, καθὼς ἐδίδαξαν τὸν λαόν μου ὀμνύειν ἐν τῇ Βάαλ, καὶ οἰκοδομηθήσονται ἐν μέσῳ τοῦ λαοῦ μου. Ἐὰν δὲ μὴ ἐπιστρέψωσιν, ἐξαρῶ τὸ ἔθνος ἐκεῖνο ἐξάρσει καὶ ἀπωλείᾳ, φησὶ Κύριος. Εἶπε καὶ τὴν παντελῆ τοῦ Ἰουδαίων ἔθνους ἀποβολήν. \"Ἐξαρῶ γὰρ τὸ ἔθνος ἐκεῖνο ἐξάρσει καὶ ἀπωλείᾳ, φησὶ Κύριος.\" ΚΕΦΑΛΑΙΟΝ ΙΓʹ.","english":"The Idumaeans, and Moabites, and Ammonites, and Philistines were always bitterly and hostilely disposed toward the Jews; they rejoiced, then, when they saw the calamities that had been brought upon them. For this reason he foreteaches them about the coming restoration of the Jews. And he calls their rulers \"shepherds.\" Behold, I will pluck them up from their land, and I will cast out the house of Judah from their midst. (15) And it shall be, after I have cast them out, that I will turn back and have mercy on them, and I will settle each one in his inheritance and each one in his land. By these words, having foretold the return that took place in the time of Cyrus and Darius, he also foreteaches what will happen after these things. (16, 17) And it shall be, if they diligently teach my people my way, to swear by my name, \"As the Lord lives,\" just as they taught my people to swear by Baal, then they shall be built up in the midst of my people. But if they do not turn back, I will utterly pluck up that nation with plucking up and destruction, says the Lord. He also spoke of the complete rejection of the nation of the Jews. \"For I will utterly pluck up that nation with plucking up and destruction, says the Lord.\" Chapter 13.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":68,"ref":"p68","source":"Μετὰ ταῦτα κελεύεται ὁ προφήτης περίζωμα λι νοῦν πριάμενος, καὶ τῇ ὀσφύϊ περιθεὶς, παρὰ τὸν Εὐφράτην ποταμὸν τοῦτο κατακρύψαι, καὶ τὸ κελευ σθὲν παραυτίκα πεπλήρωκεν. Ἡμερῶν δὲ πλείστων διελθουσῶν, προσετάχθη πάλιν κομίσαι τὸ περίζωμα· καὶ πεποίηκε πάλιν, ὅπερ ὁ Δεσπότης αὐτῷ προσ έταξε. Καὶ λαβὼν ἐν ταῖς χερσὶν αὐτοῦ, εὗρε διεφθαρμένον, καὶ εἰς πᾶσαν ἄχρηστον χρῆσιν. Εἶτα ἀκούει λέγοντος τοῦ Δεσπότου· θʹ, ιʹ. Οὕτω φθερῶ τὴν ὕβριν Ἰούδα, καὶ τὴν ὕβριν Ἰερουσαλὴμ, τὴν πολλὴν ταύτην ὕβριν. Τὸν λαὸν τοῦτον τὸν πονηρόν· τοὺς μὴ βου λομένους ὑπακούειν τῶν λόγων μου, καὶ πορευομένους ἐν τῇ εὐθύτητι τῆς καρδίας αὐτῶν τῆς πονηρᾶς, καὶ πορευομένους ὀπίσω θεῶν ἀλλοτρίων, τοῦ δουλεύειν αὐτοῖς, καὶ προσ κυνεῖν αὐτοῖς· καὶ ἔσονται ὡς τὸ περίζωμα τοῦτο, ὃ οὐ χρησθήσεται ἔτι εἰς οὐθέν. Διὰ τούτων τὴν ἐν Βαβυλῶνι σημαίνει διατριβήν· ὁ γὰρ Εὐφράτης μέσον ἐκείνην διατέμνει\n\nτὴν πόλιν· παρὰ δὲ τὸν Εὐφράτην ἐν τῇ τρυμαλιᾷ τῆς πέτρας προσετάχθη τὸ περίζωμα κατακρύψαι· τρυμαλιὰν δὲ τῆς πέτρας τὴν Βαβυλῶνα καλεῖ· ἐκεῖ δὲ ὢν ἄχρηστος ἦν ὁ λαὸς, οὐκέτι λαὸς Θεοῦ χρηματίζων, οὐδὲ καθ' ἑαυτὸν πολιτευόμενος, οὐδὲ τὰς κατὰ νόμον λατρείας ἐπι τελῶν· ἀλλ' ἦν ἄχρηστος, ὡς τὸ διαφθαρὲν ἐκεῖνο περίζωμα. Διὰ μέντοι τῶν ἑξῆς, καὶ τοῦ περιζώματος ἑρμηνεύει τὴν χρείαν. ιαʹ. Καθάπερ γὰρ κολλᾶται τὸ περίζωμα πρὸς τὴν ὀσφὺν τοῦ ἀνθρώπου, οὕτως ἐκόλλησα πρὸς ἐμαυτὸν τὸν οἶκον Ἰσραὴλ, καὶ πάντα τὸν οἶκον Ἰούδα, λέγει Κύριος, τοῦ γενέσθαι μοι εἰς λαὸν ὀνομαστὸν, καὶ εἰς καύχημα, καὶ εἰς δόξαν· καὶ οὐκ ἤκουσάν μου.","english":"After these things the prophet is commanded to buy a linen loincloth, put it around his waist, and hide it by the river Euphrates, and he immediately fulfilled what was commanded. And after very many days had passed, he was ordered again to bring the loincloth; and he did again what the Master commanded him. And taking it in his hands, he found it ruined and useless for every use. Then he hears the Master saying: Thus I will ruin the pride of Judah, and the pride of Jerusalem, this great pride. This evil people, who do not wish to obey my words, and who walk in the uprightness of their own evil heart, and who walk after foreign gods, to serve them and to worship them; and they shall be like this loincloth, which shall no longer be used for anything. Through these things he signifies the stay in Babylon; for the Euphrates cuts through the middle of that city; and by the Euphrates, in the cleft of the rock, the loincloth was ordered to be hidden; and he calls Babylon the cleft of the rock; but there the people were useless, no longer being called the people of God, nor conducting themselves as their own, nor performing the services according to the law; but they were useless, like that ruined loincloth. However, through what follows, he also interprets the use of the loincloth. For just as the loincloth clings to the waist of a man, so I clung to myself the house of Israel, and all the house of Judah, says the Lord, that they might become for me a named people, and a boast, and a glory; and they did not hear me.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":69,"ref":"p69","source":"Τὴν ὑπερβολὴν τῆς ἀγαθό τητος διὰ τῶν εἰρημένων ἐδήλωσε, καὶ τῆς συναφείας τὸν τρόπον ἐδίδαξε, καὶ ὅτι αὐτὸς μὲν ἠβουλήθη περιφανεῖς αὐτοὺς καὶ περιβλέπτους ἀποφῆναι, αὐ τοὶ δὲ διὰ τῆς παρανομίας ἐπεσπάσαντο τὰ ὀνείδη. Οὕτω καὶ διὰ τῶν πραγμάτων, τὴν προφητείαν ποιησάμενος, δι' ἑτέρας πάλιν εἰκόνος προλέγει τὰ συμβησόμενα. ιβʹ, ιγʹ. Τάδε λέγει Κύριος ὁ Θεὸς Ἰσραήλ· Πᾶς ἀσκὸς πληρωθήσεται οἴνου. Καὶ ἔσται, ἐὰν εἴπωσι πρὸς σὲ, Μὴ γνόντες οὐ γνωσόμεθα, ὅτι πᾶς ἀσκὸς πληρωθήσεται οἴνου; Καὶ ἐρεῖς πρὸς αὐτούς· Τάδε λέγει Κύριος· Ἰδοὺ ἐγὼ πληρῶ πάντας τοὺς κατοικοῦντας τὴν γῆν ταύτην, καὶ τοὺς βασιλεῖς τοὺς καθημένους υἱοὺς τοῦ Δαβὶδ ἐπὶ θρόνου αὐτοῦ. Εἶτα λέγει· Καὶ τοὺς προφήτας καὶ τοὺς ἱερέας, καὶ ἅπαντα τὸν λαὸν, μεθύ σματος. Καὶ διδάσκων τί τὸ μέθυσμα, ἐπήγα γεν· ιδʹ. Καὶ διασκορπιῶ αὐτοὺς, ἄνδρα καὶ τὸν ἀδελφὸν αὐτοῦ· καὶ τοὺς πατέρας αὐτοῦ, καὶ τοὺς υἱοὺς αὐτοῦ ἐπὶ τὸ αὐτὸ, λέγει Κύριος. Καὶ δεικνὺς καὶ τὸ τῆς ὀργῆς ἀμετάβλητον, ἐπ ήγαγεν· \"Οὐκ ἐπιποθήσω καὶ οὐ φείσομαι, καὶ οὐκ οἰκτειρήσω ἀπὸ διαφθορᾶς αὐτῶν,\" ἀντὶ τοῦ \"διαφθορὰν αὐτῶν.\" Μέθυσμα τοίνυν τὴν τιμωρίαν ἐκάλεσε· καὶ γὰρ οἱ ταῖς μεγίσταις περιπίπτοντες συμφοραῖς κεκαρωμένοις ἐοίκασι, διὰ τὴν τοῦ πά θους ὑπερβολὴν οὐδὲ θρηνεῖν δυνάμενοι. ιεʹ. Ἀκούσατε, καὶ ἐνωτίσασθε, καὶ μὴ ἐπαίρεσθε· ὅτι Κύριος ἐλάλησε. Παύσασθε τῆς θρασύτητος, καὶ τῆς μανικῆς ἀλαζονείας· ὡς παρὰ Θεοῦ δέξασθε τὰ λεγόμενα. ιϛʹ. Δότε τῷ Κυρίῳ Θεῷ ἡμῶν δόξαν, πρὸ τοῦ συσκοτάσαι, καὶ πρὸ τοῦ προσκόψαι πόδας ὑμῶν ἐπ' ὄρη σκοτεινά.","english":"He made clear the excess of his goodness through what was said, and taught the manner of the union, and that he himself wished to make them conspicuous and notable, but they through their transgression drew upon themselves reproaches. Thus also, having made his prophecy through deeds, he again foretells through another image what will happen. Jer 13:12-13. Thus says the Lord God of Israel: Every wineskin will be filled with wine. And it shall be, if they say to you, \"We do not know, will we not know, that every wineskin will be filled with wine?\" And you shall say to them: Thus says the Lord: Behold, I am filling all the inhabitants of this land, and the kings who sit as sons of David on his throne. Then he says: And the prophets and the priests, and all the people, with drunkenness. And teaching what the drunkenness is, he added: Jer 13:14. And I will scatter them, a man and his brother, and their fathers and their sons together, says the Lord. And showing also the unchangeableness of his anger, he added: \"I will not spare and I will not pity, and I will not have compassion on their destruction,\" meaning \"on their being destroyed.\" Drunkenness, then, he called the punishment; for those who fall into the greatest calamities resemble those who are stupefied, unable even to lament because of the excess of the suffering. Jer 13:15. Hear, and give ear, and do not be lifted up; for the Lord has spoken. Cease from your audacity and your mad arrogance; receive what is said as from God. Jer 13:16. Give glory to the Lord our God, before it grows dark, and before your feet stumble on the dark mountains.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":70,"ref":"p70","source":"Προλάβετε, φησὶ, τὸν τῆς τιμω ρίας καιρόν. Τοῦτο καὶ ὁ θεῖος Ἀπόστολος παραινεῖ· \"Ἄρα οὖν ὡς καιρὸν ἔχομεν, ἐργαζώμεθα τὸ ἀγαθόν.\" –\"Καὶ ἀναμενεῖτε εἰς φῶς, καὶ ἐκεῖ σκιὰ θανά του, καὶ τεθήσεσθε εἰς σκότος.\" Ἐν αὐτῇ γὰρ τῇ τιμωρίᾳ παρακαλοῦντες φιλανθρωπίας οὐ τεύξεσθε. ιζʹ. Καὶ ἐὰν μὴ ἀκούσητε, κεκρυμμένως κλαύ σεται ἡ ψυχὴ ὑμῶν ἀπὸ προσώπου ὕβρεως· καὶ δακρύουσα δακρύσει, καὶ κατάξουσιν οἱ ὀφθαλ μοὶ ὑμῶν δάκρυα, ὅτι συνετρίβη τὸ ποίμνιον Κυρίου. Τὸ \"κεκρυμμένως κλαύσεται\" τὴν ὑπερβολὴν αἰνίττεται τῶν κακῶν· δουλεύοντες γὰρ τοῖς πολεμίοις, οὐδὲ προφανῶς δακρύσαι τολμήσετε, ἀλλὰ κρύβδην τοῦτο πράξετε. Παρακελεύεται δὲ καὶ τῷ βασιλεῖ, καὶ τοῖς ἄρχουσιν, ὀλοφύρεσθαι τὰς τῶν πραγμάτων μεταβολάς· ἀναμιμνήσκει δὲ καὶ τῶν ἤδη γεγενημένων. ιθʹ. Πόλεις αἱ πρὸς νότον συνεκλείσθησαν, καὶ οὐκ ἦν ὁ ἀνοίγων. Ἀπῳκίσθη Ἰούδας, συνετέλεσεν ἀποικίαν τελείαν. Ἀνδραποδισμόν. Πολλὰς γὰρ τῆς Ἰουδαίας πόλεις Σεναχηρεὶμ ἐξηνδραπόδισε· ταῦτα δὲ, φησὶν, ὑπέμειναν ποινὴν τίνοντες ὧν ἐπλημμέλησαν. Κελεύει δὲ καὶ τῇ Ἱερουσαλὴμ τῶν ἐρχομένων ἀπὸ βοῤῥᾶ πολεμίων ἰδεῖν τὸ πλῆθος, καὶ ἐπιλέγει· \"Ποῦ ἔστι τὸ ποίμνιον ὃ ἐδόθη σοι πρό βατα τῆς δόξης σου;\" Ἀντὶ τοῦ, τῶν οἰκητόρων τὸ πλῆθος. καʹ. Τί ἐρεῖς, ὅταν ἐπισκέπτωνταί σε; Τουτέστιν οἱ πολέμιοι. \"Καὶ σὺ ἐδίδαξας αὐτοὺς ἐπὶ σὲ μαθή ματα εἰς ἀρχήν σου.\" Πολεμούμενοι γὰρ ὑπὸ Σύρων, Ἀσσυρίους εἰς συμμαχίαν ἐκάλεσαν, δέον τοῦ Θεοῦ ζητῆσαι τὴν πρόνοιαν. \"Ὠδῖνες καθέξουσι σε, καθὰ γυναῖκα τίκτουσαν.\" Τὸ μέγεθος τῆς ὀδύ νης ἐδήλωσεν. κβʹ.","english":"Anticipate,\" he says, \"the time of punishment.\" The divine Apostle also counsels this: \"So then, while we have time, let us work what is good.\" — \"And you shall wait for light, and there shall be the shadow of death, and you shall be placed in darkness.\" For in that very punishment, though you entreat, you shall not obtain kindness. 17. And if you do not listen, your soul shall weep in secret because of the face of insolence; and weeping it shall weep, and your eyes shall bring down tears, because the flock of the Lord has been crushed. The phrase \"shall weep in secret\" hints at the excess of evils; for while enslaved to the enemies, you will not even dare to weep openly, but you will do this in hiding. He also exhorts the king and the rulers to lament the changes of affairs; and he reminds them of what has already happened. 19. The cities toward the south were shut up, and there was no one to open. Judah was carried away captive, it completed a complete captivity. Enslavement. For Sennacherib enslaved many cities of Judea; and these things, he says, they endured, paying the penalty for the offenses they committed. And he commands Jerusalem to see the multitude of the enemies coming from the north, and he adds: \"Where is the flock that was given to you, the sheep of your glory?\" Instead of, the multitude of the inhabitants. 21. What will you say when they visit you? That is, the enemies. \"And you also taught them lessons against yourself, for your beginning.\" For when warred against by the Syrians, they called the Assyrians to alliance, when they ought to have sought the providence of God. \"Pangs shall seize you, like a woman giving birth.\" He made clear the magnitude of the pain. 22.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":71,"ref":"p71","source":"Καὶ ἐὰν εἴπῃς ἐν τῇ καρδίᾳ σου· Διατί ἀπήντησέ μοι ταῦτα; Διὰ\n\nτὸ πλῆθος τῆς ἀδικίας σου ἀνεκαλύφθη τὰ ὀπίσθιά σου παραδειγματισθῆναι τὰς πτέρνας σου. Καταισχύνει τοὺς τοῦτο ὑπομένοντας ἡ τοιαύτη γύμνωσις. Λέγει τοίνυν, Ὅτι ἐγυμνώθης, οὐ τὰ πλημμελήματα καὶ ταύτας σοι τὰς συμφορὰς ἀπεκύησεν; κγʹ. Εἰ ἀλλάξει Αἰθίοψ τὸ δέρμα αὑτοῦ, καὶ πάρδαλις τὰ ποικίλματα αὑτῆς, καὶ ὑμεῖς δυνή σεσθε εὖ ποιῆσαι, μεμαθηκότες κακά. Ἀληθὴς ἄρα ὁ λόγος, ὅτι τὸ ἔθος δευτέρα φύσις. Τοῖς γὰρ φυσικοῖς τὰ γνωμικὰ τῷ μακρῷ ἔθει πάντα συν έκρινα. Τούτου χάριν ἀπειλεῖ φρυγάνων δίκην αὐ τοὺς διασκεδάσειν ὑπὸ λαίλαπος τῇδε κἀκεῖσε περι φερομένων. Λέγει δὲ καὶ τῶν ἁμαρτημάτων αὐτῆς τὸ πλῆθος, ἀκολασίαν, καὶ θρασύτητα, καὶ εἰδώλων λατρείαν· ἀπαλλοτρίωσιν γὰρ πορνείας αὐτὴν καλεῖ· ὅθεν ἐπήγαγεν· \"Ἐπὶ τῶν βουνῶν, καὶ ἐν τοῖς ἀγροῖς ἑώρακα τὰ βδελύγματά σου.\" Εἶτα θρηνητι κῶς, \"Οὐαί σοι, Ἱερουσαλὴμ, ὅτι οὐκ ἐκαθαρίσθης ὀπίσω μου! ἕως τίνος ἔτι;\" Πολλὰς γὰρ παρανομίας τολμήσασα μεταμελείᾳ χρήσασθαι οὐκ ἠθέλησας· ἐγὼ δὲ οὐκέτι μακροθυμήσω· ἀλλὰ τὴν τιμωρίαν ἐπάξω. Ἄμεινον μὲν οὖν κατὰ τοὺς θείους πολιτεύεσθαι νόμους· ἐπειδὴ δὲ ἀνθρώπους ὄντας καὶ πταίειν εἰκὸς, κεχρῆσθαι προσήκει τοῖς τῆς μεταμελείας φαρμάκοις, καὶ διὰ τούτων τὸν κριτὴν ἱλεοῦσθαι, καὶ τῶν ἠπειλημένων κολάσεων τὴν πεῖραν διαφυγεῖν. Ὧν καὶ ἡμεῖς ἀπείρατοι διαμείναιμεν, χάριτι καὶ φιλανθρωπίᾳ τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, μεθ' οὗ τῷ Πατρὶ ἡ δόξα καὶ τὸ κράτος, σὺν τῷ παναγίῳ Πνεύματι, νῦν καὶ ἀεὶ, καὶ εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας τῶν αἰώνων. Ἀμήν.","english":"And if you say in your heart, \"Why have these things happened to me?\" Because of the abundance of your iniquity your hind parts have been uncovered, to make a mockery of your heels. Such exposure puts to shame those who endure it. He says, then, \"Because you were stripped bare, did not your transgressions and these calamities give birth to them for you?\" 23. If the Ethiopian can change his skin, and the leopard its spots, then you also will be able to do good, having learned evil. True, then, is the saying that custom is a second nature. For by long habit I have wholly compounded things of the will with things of nature. For this reason he threatens that he will scatter them like dry sticks, carried hither and thither by a whirlwind. He also states the abundance of her sins: licentiousness, and recklessness, and the worship of idols; for he calls her alienation \"porneia.\" Hence he added: \"On the mountains, and in the fields, I have seen your abominations.\" Then, in a lamenting tone: \"Woe to you, Jerusalem, because you were not cleansed after me! How long still?\" For though you dared many transgressions, you were unwilling to make use of repentance; but I will no longer be long-suffering, but will bring on the punishment. It is better, then, to live according to the divine laws; but since we are human and prone to stumble, it is fitting to use the medicines of repentance, and through these to propitiate the Judge, and to escape the experience of the threatened punishments. May we also remain without experience of them, by the grace and love for humanity of our Lord Jesus Christ, with whom to the Father be the glory and the might, with the all-holy Spirit, now and always, and unto the ages of ages. Amen.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":72,"ref":"p72","source":"ΤΟΜΟΣ Δʹ ΚΕΦΑΛ. ΙΔʹ.\n\nαʹ. Καὶ ἐγένετο λόγος Κυρίου πρὸς Ἱερεμίαν περὶ τῆς ἀβροχίας. Παντοδαπὰς αὐτοῖς ἐπιφέρει παιδείας, ἵνα τῆς πονηρίας ἀνακόψῃ τὸν δρόμον. Διηγεῖται δὲ ὁ προφήτης τοὺς θρήνους, καὶ τὰς ὀλοφύρσεις, τὰς δι' ἀνομβρίαν γεγενημένας. Λέγει γὰρ ἐπιλελοιπέναι καὶ τὰς πηγὰς, καὶ τὰ φρέατα, καὶ τὰ ἐκ τῶν ὄμβρων συστήματα· ἠκολούθησε δὲ καὶ ἡ τῆς γῆς ἀκαρπία, καὶ τὰ κτήνη δὲ οὐ τὰ ἥμερα μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ τὰ ἄγρια, τοῦ πάθους μετέλαχεν. εʹ, ϛʹ. Ἔλαφοι γὰρ, φησὶν, ἐν ἀγρῷ ἔτεκον, καὶ ἐγκατέλιπον, ὅτι οὐκ ἦν βοτάνη. Ὄνοι ἄγριοι ἔστησαν ἐπὶ νάπαις, εἵλκυσαν ἄνεμον ὡς δρά κων. Τοῦτο δὲ καὶ ἄνθρωποι ποιοῦσι διψῶντες, ταῖς τῶν ἀνέμων αὔραις τὸ θερμὸν καταψύχοντες. Εἶτα ὁ προφήτης ἱκετείαν προσφέρει, καὶ τῶν κοινῶν ἁμαρτημάτων ἀναμιμνήσκεται, καὶ ταύτῃ τὸν Θεὸν ἱλεοῦται. \"Σοὶ γὰρ, φησὶν, ἡμάρτομεν.\" ηʹ. Ὑπομονὴ Ἰσραὴλ, σώζεις ἐν καιρῷ κα-κῶν. Παρὰ σοῦ γὰρ τὸν ἔλεον προσμένομεν ἅπαντες. \"Ἱνατί ἐγενήθης ὡς πάροικος ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς, καὶ ὡς αὐτόχθων ἐκκλίνων εἰς κατάλυμα;\" Τὸ \"ὡς αὐτόχθων,\" ὁ Σύρος, \"ὡς ὁδίτης,\" ἡρμήνευσε. Τί δή ποτε, φησὶ, παρορᾷς ἡμᾶς καὶ ἔοικας παροίκῳ καταφρονοῦντι τῶν οἰκημάτων, ὡς ἀλλοτρίων, ἐν οἷς οἰκεῖ, καὶ ὁδίτῃ παριόντι, καὶ τῶν κατὰ τὴν ὁδὸν οὐκ ἐπιμελουμένῳ; θʹ. Μὴ ἔσῃ ὥσπερ ἄνθρωπος ὑπνῶν, καὶ ἀνὴρ οὐ δυνάμενος σώζειν; Οὔτε ὁ καθεύδων τῶν παρακαλούντων ἀκούει, καὶ ὁ ἀσθενείᾳ συνεζευγμένος ἐπαμύνειν οὐ δύναται. Ἀντὶ τοῦ· Μὴ ἀναβάλλῃ τὸν ἔλεον· καὶ γὰρ δύνασαι, καὶ ἐγρήγορας, καὶ παν ταχοῦ πάρει, καὶ τοῖς πᾶσι παρίστασαι. Τοῦτο γὰρ ἐπήγαγε·","english":"VOLUME 4, CHAPTER 14.\n\n1. And the word of the Lord came to Jeremiah concerning the drought. He brings upon them every kind of discipline, in order to check the course of their wickedness. And the prophet recounts the lamentations and the wailings that came about because of the lack of rain. For he says that both the springs and the wells and the reservoirs formed from the rains had failed; and the barrenness of the earth followed, and the cattle—not only the tame but also the wild—partook of the suffering. 5, 6. For the deer, he says, gave birth in the field and abandoned their young, because there was no herbage. Wild asses stood in the glens, they drew in the wind like a dragon. This too men do when they are thirsty, cooling the heat with the breezes of the winds. Then the prophet offers supplication and calls to mind their common sins, and by this propitiates God. \"For to you,\" he says, \"we have sinned.\" 8. O expectation of Israel, you save in time of troubles. For from you we all await mercy. \"Why have you become like a stranger in the land, and like a native who turns aside to lodge?\" The Syrian rendered \"like a native\" as \"like a wayfarer.\" Why, he says, do you overlook us and seem like a stranger who despises the dwellings, as belonging to others, in which he dwells, and like a wayfarer passing by and taking no care for the things along the road? 9. Will you be like a man sleeping, and a man who cannot save? Neither does the sleeper hear those who call upon him, nor can one bound by weakness come to the rescue. Instead of: Do not defer your mercy; for you are able, and you are awake, and you are present everywhere, and you stand by all. For this is what he added:","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":73,"ref":"p73","source":"\"Καὶ σὺ ἐν ἡμῖν εἶ, Κύριε, καὶ τὸ ὄνομά σου ἐπικέκληται ἐφ' ἡμᾶς· μὴ ἐπιλάθῃ ἡμῶν.\" Τίθησι δὲ καὶ τὴν παρὰ τοῦ Θεοῦ δοθεῖσαν ἀπό κρισιν· ιʹ. Ἠγάπησαν κινεῖν πόδας αὑτῶν, καὶ οὐκ ἐφείσαντο. Τουτέστιν εἰς τὴν τῆς πονηρίας ὁδόν· τοῦτο γὰρ διδάσκει καὶ τὰ ἐπιφερόμενα. \"Καὶ ὁ Θεὸς οὐκ εὐδόκησεν ἐν αὐτοῖς.\" Λέγει δὲ ὅτι καὶ τῶν ἀδικιῶν αὐτῶν τὴν μνήμην ποιήσεται, καὶ δίκας αὐ τοὺς ὧν ἠσέβησαν πράξεται. Παρεγγυᾷ δὲ καὶ τῷ προφήτῃ, τὰς ὑπὲρ αὐτῶν προσευχὰς μὴ\n\nποιήσασθαι, καὶ φάσκει μήτε τῇ νηστείᾳ αὐτῶν προσέξειν, μήτε τὰς ὑπ' αὐτῶν προσφερομένας δέξασθαι θυσίας, ἀλλὰ λιμῷ καὶ λοιμῷ, καὶ σφαγῇ παραδώσειν. Τού των ἀκούσας ὁ προφήτης τῶν ψευδοπροφητῶν τὰς προῤῥήσεις προφέρει, καί φησιν ἐκείνους τὰ ἐναν τία προλέγειν, καὶ εἰρήνην αὐτοῖς ὑπισχνεῖσθαι, καὶ ἀγαθῶν ἀφθονίαν. Ἀλλὰ πάλιν ὁ Δεσπότης τῷ προ φήτῃ φησὶ, ψευδῆ προλέγειν ἐκείνους, οὐ θείοις λόγοις διακονοῦντας, οὐδὲ ὄργανα τῆς χάριτος γενο μένους, ἀλλ' ἅπερ ἐθέλουσι φθεγγομένους. \"Οὐκ ἐνετειλάμην γὰρ αὐτοῖς, φησὶ, καὶ οὐκ ἐλάλησα πρὸς αὐτοὺς, ὅτι ὁράσεις ψευδεῖς, καὶ μαντείας, καὶ οἰωνίσματα, καὶ προαιρέσεις καρδίας αὐτῶν οὗτοι προφητεύουσιν ὑμῖν.\" Ὁράσεις τὰ ἐνύπνια καλεῖ, οἰωνίσματα δὲ τὰς ὀρνεοσκοπίας· μαντείας δὲ τὰ ἐξ ἐνεργείας δαιμόνων· προαιρέσεις δὲ καρδίας, τὴν ἀπὸ τῶν λογισμῶν ἐξαπάτην. Εἶτα τούτοις αὐτοῖς ἀπειλεῖ καὶ τὴν ἐξ ἀῤῥωστίας τελευτὴν, καὶ τὴν ἐν πο λέμῳ σφαγήν. \"Ἐν θανάτῳ γὰρ, φησὶ, νοσερῷ ἀποθανοῦνται, καὶ ἐν ῥομφαίᾳ καὶ λιμῷ τελευτήσουσι.\" Σὺν δὲ τούτοις καὶ οἱ τοῖς τούτων ἀκολου θήσαντες λόγοις.","english":"And you are among us, O Lord, and your name has been called upon us; do not forget us. He also sets forth the judgment given by God: 10. They loved to move their feet, and they did not spare themselves. That is, into the path of wickedness; for this is what the following words also teach. And God did not delight in them. He says that he will also make mention of their iniquities, and will exact penalties from them for the impieties they committed. He also enjoins the prophet not to make prayers on their behalf, and says that he will neither pay attention to their fasting, nor accept the sacrifices offered by them, but will deliver them to famine and pestilence and slaughter. Having heard these things, the prophet brings forward the declarations of the false prophets, and says that they foretell the opposite, and promise peace to them, and an abundance of good things. But again the Master says to the prophet that they foretell false things, serving not divine words, nor having become instruments of grace, but speaking whatever they wish. For I did not command them, he says, and I did not speak to them, because they prophesy to you false visions, and divinations, and omens, and the inclinations of their own heart. He calls dreams visions, and omens the observation of birds; and divinations those that come from the operation of demons; and inclinations of the heart, the deception that comes from their own reasonings. Then he threatens these very men with death from sickness, and slaughter in war. For they shall die, he says, by a diseased death, and shall perish by the sword and by famine. And together with these, those also who followed their words.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":74,"ref":"p74","source":"Οὐκ ἀξιωθήσονται δὲ οὐδὲ ταφῆς, πάντων ὁμοίως τοῖς αὐτοῖς περιπιπτόντων κακοῖς. Ἀλλὰ πάλιν ὁ φιλάνθρωπος τὰ σκυθρωπὰ προειπὼν, τοῖς τῆς μετανοίας χρήσασθαι φαρμάκοις παρεγγυᾷ. \"Καταγάγετε γὰρ, φησὶν, ἐν τοῖς ὀφθαλμοῖς ὑμῶν δάκρυα ἡμέρας καὶ νυκτός·\" διὰ τὸ μέγεθος τῶν ἐπενεχθησομένων ὑμῖν κακῶν. Διηγεῖται δὲ ὁ προφήτης τῶν γεγενημένων τὴν τραγῳδίαν. ιηʹ. Ἐὰν ἐξέλθω εἰς τὸ πεδίον, καὶ ἰδοὺ τραυματίαι ῥομφαίας· καὶ ἐὰν εἰσέλθω εἰς τὴν πόλιν, ἰδοὺ πόνος λιμοῦ. Προστίθησι καὶ τούτοις καὶ τὰ τῆς αἰχμαλωσίας κακά. \"Ὅτι προφήτης καὶ ἱερεὺς ἐπορεύθησαν εἰς γῆν ἣν οὐκ ᾔδεισαν.\" Καὶ ὁ μακάριος Δανιὴλ ὁ προφήτης, καὶ ὁ θεῖος Ἐζε κιὴλ, καὶ ἱερεὺς καὶ προφήτης, καὶ ἕτεροι δὲ πρὸς τούτοις πλεῖστοι ἱερεῖς μετέλαχον τῶν σκυθρωπῶν. Τῶν γὰρ ἀνοσίων ἐκείνων προμηθούμενος ὁ Θεὸς, συνέπεμψε καὶ προφήτας οἷόν τινας παιδονόμους καὶ διδασκάλους, ἵνα μὴ παντελῶς ἐκκλίνωσιν εἰς ἀσέ βειαν. Ταῦτα διηγησάμενος, ὁ προφήτης πρὸς τὸν Θεὸν μεταφέρει τοὺς λόγους· \"Μὴ ἀποδοκιμάζων ἀπεδοκίμασας τὸν Ἰούδαν, ἢ ἀπὸ Σιὼν ἀπέστη ἡ ψυχή σου;\" Ἀντὶ τοῦ, ἡ πρόνοιά σου· ἀνθρωπίνως γὰρ τέθεικε τὴν ψυχὴν, εἰς σαφεστέραν ἔμφασιν τῆς προφητείας. Λέγει δὲ ἀνίατον τὴν ἐπενεχθεῖσαν πλη γὴν, καὶ ἐπιφέρει λέγων οὕτως·\" κʹ, καʹ. Ἔγνωμεν, Κύριε, ἁμαρτίας ἡμῶν, ἀδι κίας πατέρων ἡμῶν· ὅτι ἡμάρτομεν ἐναντίον σου. Κόπασον διὰ τὸ ὄνομά σου. Ἀντὶ τοῦ· Παῦσαι χαλεπαίνων ἡμῖν· καὶ μὴ εἰς ἡμᾶς ἀπίδῃς, ἀλλ' εἰς τὸ ὄνομά σου. Σὸς γὰρ λαὸς χρηματίζομεν. \"Μὴ ἀπολέσῃς θρόνον δόξης σου.\" Τὴν Ἱερουσαλὴμ οὕτως ὠνόμασε·","english":"But they will not even be deemed worthy of burial, since all alike fall into the same evils. Yet again the Lover of mankind, having foretold the gloomy things, urges them to use the medicines of repentance. \"Bring down, he says, tears in your eyes day and night,\" because of the greatness of the evils that will be brought upon you. And the prophet recounts the tragedy of what has happened. 18. If I go out into the plain, behold, men wounded by the sword; and if I enter the city, behold, the pain of famine. He adds to these also the evils of captivity. \"For prophet and priest have gone into a land which they did not know.\" And the blessed Daniel the prophet, and the divine Ezekiel, both priest and prophet, and besides these very many other priests, shared in the gloomy things. For God, providing for those impious men, sent along with them prophets as it were tutors and teachers, so that they might not turn aside completely into impiety. Having recounted these things, the prophet transfers his words to God: \"Have you utterly rejected Judah, or has your soul departed from Zion?\" In place of, your providence; for he has set down \"soul\" in a human way, for the clearer manifestation of the prophecy. And he says that the blow brought upon them is incurable, and he adds, saying thus: 20, 21. We know, Lord, our sins, the iniquities of our fathers; for we have sinned against you. Cease for your name's sake. In place of: Stop being angry with us; and do not look upon us, but upon your name. For we are called your people. \"Do not destroy the throne of your glory.\" He has thus named Jerusalem.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":75,"ref":"p75","source":"καὶ ὁ Κύριος ἐν τοῖς ἱεροῖς Εὐαγγελίοις ἔφη, τοὺς ὅρκους ἀπαγορεύων, \"Μήτε εἰς Ἱεροσόλυμα ὀμόσῃς, ὅτι θρόνος ἐστὶ τοῦ με γάλου βασιλέως·\" ἐκεῖ γὰρ τὴν οἰκείαν ἐπιφάνειαν ἐποιεῖτο. Ἀναμιμνήσκει δὲ καὶ τῆς πρὸς τοὺς πα τέρας γεγενημένης διαθήκης, καὶ ὅτι παρὰ τῶν εἰδώ λων οὐδεμία βοήθεια· ἀλλ' αὐτὸς τὸν ἄνωθεν φερό μενον ὑετὸν χορηγεῖ· οὐ γὰρ ἀκυβέρνητος ἡ κτίσις· τοῦτο γάρ φησι· \"Καὶ ὁ οὐρανὸς δώσει πλησμονὴν αὑτοῦ· οὐχὶ σὺ αὐτὸς, Κύριε, καὶ ὑπομενοῦμέν σε; ὅτι σὺ ἐποίησας σύμπαντα ταῦτα.\n\nΚΕΦΑΛ. ΙΕʹ.\n\nΠρὸς ταῦτα πάλιν ὁ Δεσπότης ἀποκρίνεται, ὅτι \"Ἐὰν στῇ Μωσῆς καὶ Σαμουὴλ πρὸ προσώπου μου, οὐκ ἔστιν ἡ ψυχή μου ἐν αὐτοῖς.\" Διὰ τούτων δὲ τὸν προφήτην ψυχαγωγεῖ. Μὴ νόμιζε γὰρ, φησὶν, ὅτι σοῦ καταφρονῶν τὴν πρεσβείαν οὐ δέχομαι· οὐδὲ γὰρ ἐκείνοις εἶξα ἂν ἀντιβολοῦσιν, οἳ τοσαῦτα εἰργά σαντο θαύματα. Τούτων μέντοι ἐμνήσθη, καὶ ὡς πρεσβυτέρων, καὶ ὡς πολλάκις αὐτὸν ὑπὲρ τοῦ λαοῦ πεπεικότων. Καὶ","english":"And the Lord said in the holy Gospels, forbidding oaths, \"Neither shall you swear by Jerusalem, for it is the throne of the great King;\" for there he made his own manifestation. And he reminds them also of the covenant made with the fathers, and that from idols there is no help; but he himself supplies the rain brought down from above; for the creation is not without a pilot; for this is what he says: \"And the heaven shall give its fullness; are not you yourself, Lord, and we shall wait for you? For you made all these things.\"\n\nCHAPTER 15.\n\nTo these things again the Master answers, that \"If Moses and Samuel stand before my face, my soul is not with them.\" And through these words he comforts the prophet. For do not think, he says, that I reject your intercession out of contempt for you; for I would not have yielded even to those when they pleaded, who wrought so many wonders. Yet he mentioned them both as elders and as having often persuaded him on behalf of the people. And","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":76,"ref":"p76","source":"Μωσῆς γὰρ ὁ μέγας ἐπὶ τῆς μοσχοποιΐας τοῦ Θεοῦ εἰρηκότος, \"Ἔασόν με, καὶ θυμω θεὶς ἐκτρίψω αὐτοὺς,\" σπουδαιοτάτην ἱκετείαν προσ ήνεγκεν, καὶ τοῖς ἡμαρτηκόσι τὸν Δεσπότην κατήλλαξε· καὶ μέντοι καὶ Σαμουὴλ ταυτὸ τοῦτο δέδρακεν, καὶ πλεῖστον ὑετὸν ἐν ὥρᾳ θέρους κατ ήγαγεν. Εἶτα κελεύει τῷ προφήτῃ τὸν παρεστῶτα ἀπολῦσαι λαόν. βʹ. Ἐὰν δὲ εἴπωσι πρὸς σὲ, φησὶ, Ποῦ ἐξελευσόμεθα; ἐρεῖς πρὸς αὐτοὺς, Τάδε λέγει Κύριος· Ὅσοι εἰς θάνατον, εἰς θάνατον· καὶ ὅσοι εἰς μά χαιραν, εἰς μάχαιραν· καὶ ὅσοι εἰς λιμὸν, εἰς λιμόν· καὶ ὅσοι εἰς αἰχμαλωσίαν, εἰς αἰχμαλω σίαν. Ταῖς γὰρ τέσσαρσι ταύταις αὐτοὺς ὑποβαλῶ συμφοραῖς. Καὶ πρὸς τούτοις, οἱ τεθνεῶτες βορὰ γενήσονται θηρίων καὶ οἰωνῶν. δʹ. Καὶ παραδώσω αὐτοὺς εἰς ἀνάγκας πάσαις ταῖς βασιλείαις τῆς γῆς. Προλέγει καὶ τὰ μετὰ τὴν ἐπάνοδον γενησόμενα, καὶ τὰ ἐπὶ τῶν Μακεδόνων συμβησόμενα, καὶ τὴν ὑπὸ Ῥωμαίων αὐτοῖς ἐπενεχθησομένην πανωλεθρίαν. Τὰ μέντοι πρῶτα διὰ τὴν τοῦ Μανασσῆ τολμηθεῖσαν ἀσέβειαν συμβῆναι διδάσκει· ἀλλ' οὐκ ἄδικος ὁ κριτὴς, οὐδὲ ἀλλοτρίας εὐθύνας εἰσπράττεται, ἀλλ' ὡς κοινωνήσαντας τῆς ἀσεβείας, καὶ προθύμως τῷ πονηρῷ συνεργήσαντας βασιλεῖ, τοῖς προῤῥηθεῖσιν ὑποβάλλει κακοῖς. εʹ. Τίς φείσεται ἐπὶ σοὶ, Ἱερουσαλήμ; καὶ τίς δειλιάσει ἐπὶ σοί; ἢ τίς ἀνακάμψει ἐρωτῆσαι τὰ εἰς εἰρήνην σοι; Ἀντὶ τοῦ, Πᾶσιν ἀνθρώποις δόξεις δίκαια πεπονθέναι. Εἰώθασι γὰρ οἱ ἄνθρωποι, ὅταν τινὰ τῶν ἄκρᾳ πονηρίᾳ συζώντων ἴδωσι τιμω ρούμενον, οὐ μόνον οὐ συναλγεῖν, ἀλλὰ καὶ συνήδεσθαι τοῖς ἠδικημένοις, ὡς τῆς ἐκείνου πονηρίας ἀπηλλαγμένοις. ϛʹ.","english":"For Moses the Great, when God said concerning the making of the calf, \"Let me alone, and in my wrath I will destroy them,\" brought a most earnest supplication, and reconciled the Master to those who had sinned; and indeed Samuel also did this same thing, and brought down abundant rain in the season of summer. Then he commands the prophet to dismiss the people who were standing by. 2. But if they say to you, he says, \"Where shall we go out?\" you shall say to them, \"Thus says the Lord: As many as are for death, to death; and as many as are for the sword, to the sword; and as many as are for famine, to famine; and as many as are for captivity, to captivity.\" For I will subject them to these four calamities. And besides these, the dead shall become food for beasts and birds. 4. And I will deliver them into distresses to all the kingdoms of the earth. He foretells also the things that will happen after the return, and the things that will befall in the time of the Macedonians, and the utter destruction that will be brought upon them by the Romans. However, he teaches that the first things happened because of the audacity of Manasseh's impiety; but the judge is not unjust, nor does he exact the penalties of others, but as those who shared in the impiety and eagerly cooperated with the wicked king, he subjects them to the foretold evils. 5. Who will spare you, Jerusalem? And who will fear for you? Or who will turn back to ask after your peace? In place of: You will seem to all men to have suffered justly. For men are accustomed, whenever they see one of those living in extreme wickedness being punished, not only not to grieve with him, but even to rejoice with those who were wronged, as having been delivered from that man's wickedness. 6.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":77,"ref":"p77","source":"Σὺ ἀπεστράφης μου, λέγει Κύριος· ὀπίσω πορεύσῃ. Ὃ δέδρακας, πείσῃ· τὸ δὲ \"ὀπίσω πορεύσῃ,\" ἀντὶ τοῦ \"ταπεινωθήσῃ\" τέθεικεν. \"Καὶ ἐκτενῶ τὴν χεῖρά μου ἐπὶ σὲ, καὶ διαφθερῶ σε, καὶ οὐκέτι ἀνήσω αὐτούς.\" Οὐκέτι γὰρ χρήσομαι τῇ προτέρᾳ μακροθυμίᾳ. Εἶτα διδάσκων ὡς παρὰ γνώ μην κολάζειν ἀναγκάζεται, οἱονεὶ συναλγῶν λέγει· \"Ἐν πύλαις λαοῦ μου ἠτεκνώθησαν· ἀπώλεσα τὸν λαόν μου διὰ κακίας αὐτῶν, καὶ οὐκ ἐπεστράφησαν.\" Αὐτοὶ τὸν ὄλεθρον ἐπεσπάσαντο, παύ σασθαι τῆς πονηρίας μὴ βουληθέντες. Λέγει δὲ διὰ τὴν τῶν ἀνδρῶν ἀναίρεσιν καὶ τὰς χήρας πληθυνθῆναι, καὶ πάλιν διὰ τὴν αὐτὴν αἰτίαν τὰς μητέρας στερηθῆναι τῶν παίδων. \"Ἐπήγαγον γὰρ, φησὶν, ἐπὶ τὴν μητέρα νεανίσκων ταλαιπωρίαν ἐν μεσημβρίᾳ· ἐπέῤῥιψα ἐπ' αὐτὴν ἐξαίφνης τρόμον καὶ σπουδήν.\" θʹ. Ἐκενώθη ἡ τίκτουσα ἑπτὰ, ἀπεκάκησεν ἡ ψυχὴ αὐτῆς. Διαφόρως τὴν συμφορὰν ἐτραγῴδησεν, ἵνα διδάξῃ τοὺς ἀτεράμονας, καὶ πείσῃ τὴν προτέραν καταλιπεῖν ἀσέβειαν. \"Ἐπέδυ ὁ ἥλιος αὐτῇ ἔτι μεσούσης ἡμέρας.\" Τοῖς γὰρ πενθοῦσι σκότος ὀνομάζεται καὶ τὸ φῶς· ταῦτα καὶ τὰ τού τοις παραπλήσια εἰρηκὼς ὁ προφήτης ὀλοφύρεται καὶ θρηνεῖ· ιʹ. Οἴμοι, μήτηρ, ὥς τινά με ἔτεκες ἄνδρα δικαζόμενον καὶ διακρινόμενον ἐν πάσῃ τῇ γῇ· οὐκ ὠφέλησα, οὐδὲ ὠφέλησέ με οὐδείς· ἡ ἰσχύς μου ἐξέλιπεν ἐν τοῖς καταρωμένοις με. Τὸ \"ὠφέλησα\" \"ὤφλησα\" ὁ Σύρος ἡρμήνευσε· λέγει τοίνυν, ὅτι Οὔτε ὤφληκα, οὔτε δεδάνεικα· καὶ πολ λοὺς ἐκτησάμην ἐχθροὺς, οἳ διηνεκῶς λοιδοροῦνται καὶ ἐπαρῶνται. Τὰ συμβούλια γὰρ, ὡς τὰ πολλὰ, τίκτειν τὰς ἀπειθείας φιλεῖ.","english":"You have turned away from me, says the Lord; you shall go backward. What you have done, you shall suffer; and the phrase \"you shall go backward\" he has set in place of \"you shall be humbled.\" \"And I will stretch out my hand against you, and I will destroy you, and I will no longer spare them.\" For I will no longer employ my former longsuffering. Then, teaching that he is compelled to punish against his will, as it were grieving with them he says: \"In the gates of my people they were bereaved of children; I destroyed my people because of their wickedness, and they did not turn back.\" They themselves drew destruction upon themselves, being unwilling to cease from wickedness. He says that because of the slaughter of the men the widows also were multiplied, and again for the same cause the mothers were deprived of their children. \"For I brought,\" he says, \"upon the mother of young men misery at midday; I cast upon her suddenly trembling and haste.\" \"The one who bore seven was emptied, her soul grew faint.\" He has tragically depicted the calamity in various ways, in order to teach the stubborn and to persuade them to abandon their former impiety. \"The sun set for her while it was still midday.\" For to those who mourn, the light too is called darkness; having said these things and others like them, the prophet laments and wails: \"Woe is me, mother, that you bore me a man who is judged and disputed in all the land; I have not profited, nor has anyone profited me; my strength failed among those who curse me.\" The Syrian interpreted \"I have profited\" as \"I have owed\"; he says, then, that Neither have I owed, nor have I lent; and I have acquired many enemies, who continually revile and curse. For counsels, as a rule, are wont to give birth to disobedience.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":78,"ref":"p78","source":"Κατὰ μέντοι τὴν ἑλληνικὴν ἑρμηνείαν οὕτω νοητέον, ὅτι Θρήνων εἰμὶ ἄξιος μάτην παραχθεὶς εἰς τόνδε τὸν βίον· οὔτε γὰρ ὤνησά τινα, οὔτε ὠφέλειαν παρ' ἑτέρων ἐκομισάμην· ἀρὰς δὲ μόνον δέχομαι παρὰ τῶν ἀκουόν των τὰς προφητείας. ιαʹ. Γένοιτο, Κύριε, κατευθυνόντων αὐτῶν, εἰ μὴ παρέστην σοι ἐν καιρῷ τῶν κακῶν αὐτῶν, καὶ ἐν καιρῷ θλίψεως αὐτῶν, εἰς ἀγαθὰ πρὸς τὸν ἐχθρόν. Ἄκουσον αὐτῶν, φησὶν, ἐπαρωμένων· πολλάκις σοι τὰς ὑπὲρ αὐτῶν ἱκετείας προσήνεγ κον. Εἶτα πάλιν ἐκ προσώπου τοῦ Θεοῦ· ιβʹ, ιγʹ. Εἰ γνωσθήσεται σίδηρος, καὶ περιβό λαιον χαλκοῦν. Ἰσχύν σου, καὶ τοὺς θησαυ ρούς σου εἰς προνομὴν δώσω, ἀντάλλαγμα διὰ πάσας τὰς ἁμαρτίας σου ἐν πᾶσι τοῖς ὁρίοις σου. Μὴ θαῤῥήσητε, φησὶ, μὴ χαλκέοις\n\nπεριβολαίοις, μὴ σιδηροῖς· πάντα γὰρ ὑμῶν τὸν πλοῦτον παραδώσω τοῖς πολεμίοις, καὶ ἔσται τοῦτο τῶν σῶν ἁμαρτημάτων ἀντίδοσις. Προστίθησι δὲ τούτοις καὶ τὴν γεγενημένην αἰχμαλωσίαν. Ταῦτα προειπὼν ὁ προφήτης, κίνδυνον ὑπομένει τῶν ἀκούειν οὐκ ἀνεχομένων, ἀνελεῖν αὐτὸν πειραθέντων, καὶ παρακαλεῖ τὸν τῶν ὅλων Θεὸν, καί φησι· ιεʹ. Μνήσθητί μου, Κύριε, καὶ ἐπίσκεψαί με, καὶ ἀθώωσόν με ἀπὸ τῶν καταδιωκόντων με. Ἀντὶ τοῦ· Μὴ παραδῷς με τοῖς καταδιώκουσί με· ὁ γὰρ ἀθῶος ἐλευθεροῦται. \"Μὴ εἰς μακροθυμίαν σου λάβῃς με.\" Ἔνια \"βάλῃς με\" ἔχει· τουτέστιν, ἀνεξι κάκως χρώμενος, καὶ κολάζειν τοὺς ἀδικοῦντας ἀναβαλλόμενος, τοὺς ἀδικουμένους ἡμᾶς ἀνιᾷς. \"Γνῶθι, εἰ ἔλαβον περὶ σοῦ ὀνειδισμόν.\" ιϛʹ. Ὑπὸ τῶν ἀθετούντων τοὺς λόγους σου. Σοῦ χάριν, ὦ Δέσποτα, τοῖς παροῦσιν ἀλγεινοῖς περι πέπτωκα·","english":"Under the Greek interpretation, however, it must be understood thus: that I am worthy of Lamentations, having been brought into this life to no purpose; for neither did I benefit anyone, nor did I receive benefit from others; but I receive only curses from those who hear the prophecies. 11. \"May it happen, Lord, when they are being set straight, if I did not stand before you in the time of their evils, and in the time of their affliction, for good toward the enemy.\" Hear them, he says, as they curse; often I brought supplications to you on their behalf. Then again from the person of God: 12, 13. \"If iron shall be known, and a bronze covering. Your strength and your treasures I will give for plunder, as a recompense for all your sins in all your borders.\" Do not trust, he says, in bronze coverings, nor in iron ones; for I will hand over all your wealth to the enemies, and this shall be the repayment for your sins. And he adds to these things also the captivity that has taken place. Having foretold these things, the prophet endures danger from those who cannot bear to hear, having attempted to kill him, and he entreats the God of all, and says: 15. \"Remember me, Lord, and visit me, and acquit me from those who pursue me.\" In place of: Do not hand me over to those who pursue me; for the innocent man is set free. \"Do not take me into your long-suffering.\" Some copies have \"cast me\"; that is, by dealing forbearingly and postponing to punish those who do wrong, you grieve us who are wronged. \"Know if I received reproach concerning you.\" 16. By those who set aside your words. For your sake, O Master, I have fallen into present griefs.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":79,"ref":"p79","source":"τοὺς σοὺς γὰρ λόγους διαπορθμεύων δυσμενὴς ἐγενόμην. \"Συντέλεσον αὐτοὺς, καὶ ἔσται ὁ λόγος σου ἐμοὶ εἰς εὐφροσύνην, καὶ εἰς χαρὰν καρδίας μου, ὅτι ἐπικέκληται τὸ ὄνομά σου ἐπ' ἐμέ.\" Ἐπειδὴ νομίζουσι ψευδῆ με προλέγειν, ταῖς δὲ τῶν ψευδοπροφητῶν ὑποσχέσεσιν ὡς ἀληθέσι προσέχουσι, τοὺς λόγους μου τοῖς ἔργοις βεβαίωσον, καὶ ταύτῃ με ψυχαγώγησον. Εἶτα λέγει, ὡς οὔτε τραπέζης αὐτοῖς, οὔτε γέλωτος ἐκοινώνησεν, ἀλλὰ τὸ θεῖον πάντων προετίμησε δέος· καὶ διὰ τὴν πονηρίαν αὐτῶν, καὶ διὰ τὴν τιμωρίαν, ἀνιώμενος διετέλεσεν· ἀλλ' εὐθὺς αὐτὸν ὁ Δεσπότης ψυχαγωγεῖ, καί φησι· ιθʹ. Ἐὰν ἀποστρέψῃς, καὶ ἀποκαταστήσω σε, πρὸ προσώπου μου στήσῃ· καὶ ἐὰν ἐξαγάγῃς τίμιον ἀπὸ ἀναξίου, ὡς στόμα μου ἔσῃ. Οὐ μικρός σοι, φησὶ, παρ' ἐμοῦ πεφύλακται μισθὸς τοῦτον ἀναδεξαμένῳ τὸν πόνον· ἐὰν γάρ τινα τῶν πλανωμένων ἐπιστρέψῃς, πολλῆς παρ' ἐμοὶ παῤῥη σίας μεθέξεις. Τοῦτο γὰρ δηλοῖ τὸ \"πρὸ προσώπου μου στήσῃ.\" Κἄν τινα τῶν ἀνοσίων μεταβάλῃ, καὶ πείσῃς ἑλέσθαι τὰ ἐπὶ τὸ κρεῖττον, τῷ στόματί μου ἀπεικασθήσῃ· καὶ γὰρ ἐγὼ λόγῳ τὰ μὲν ὄντα ἐποίησα, καὶ σὺ λόγῳ τοὺς τῆς κακίας ἐργάτας μετα βάλῃς εἰς ἀρετήν. Ὑπέσχετο δὲ αὐτῷ πάλιν τὸ ἄμαχον καὶ ἀήττητον, καὶ τῶν ἐξ ἀρχῆς γεγενημένων ἀνέμνησεν ὑποσχέσεων. ΚΕΦΑΛ. Ιςʹ.","english":"For in conveying your words I became hostile. \"Bring them to an end, and your word will be to me for gladness and for joy of my heart, because your name has been called upon me.\" Since they think I prophesy falsely, but attend to the promises of the false prophets as though they were true, confirm my words by deeds, and in this way gladden me. Then he says that he shared neither table nor laughter with them, but esteemed the fear of God above all things; and because of their wickedness and because of the punishment, he continued in distress. But immediately the Master gladdens him, and says: 19. \"If you turn, and I restore you, you shall stand before my face; and if you bring out the precious from the worthless, you shall be as my mouth.\" No small reward, he says, has been kept in store for you from me for having undertaken this labor; for if you turn any of those who are led astray, you will partake of great boldness before me. For this is what \"you shall stand before my face\" makes clear. And if you change any of the impious, and persuade them to choose what is better, you shall be likened to my mouth; for I by my word made the things that are, and you by your word will change the workers of wickedness to virtue. And he promised him again the unconflicted and unconquered, and reminded him of the promises made from the beginning. CHAPTER 16.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":80,"ref":"p80","source":"Παρεγγυᾷ δὲ αὐτῷ, μὴ γῆμαι, μηδὲ παιδοποιῆσαι, ὡς καὶ τῶν τικτόντων, καὶ τῶν τικτομένων, λιμῷ καὶ λοιμῷ, καὶ σφαγῇ, καὶ δουλείᾳ παραδοθησομένων. Παρακελεύεται δὲ μήτε εὐφραινομένοις συνευφραίνεσθαι, μήτε ἀλγοῦσι συναλγῆσαι. \"Ἀφέστακα γὰρ, φησὶ, τὴν εἰρήνην μου ἀπὸ τοῦ λαοῦ τούτου, φησὶ Κύριος, καὶ τὸν ἔλεόν μου, καὶ τοὺς οἰκτιρμούς μου.\" ϛʹ. Καὶ ἀποθανοῦνται μεγάλοι καὶ μικροὶ ἐν τῇ γῇ ταύτῃ. Λέγει δὲ ὡς οὐδὲ ταφῆς ἀξιωθήσονται, οὐδὲ θρῆνοι ἐπ' αὐτοῖς συνήθως γενήσονται, οὐδὲ ψυχαγωγίας τινὸς οἱ πενθοῦντες ἀξιωθήσονται· καὶ ἀπειλεῖ παντὸς εἴδους εὐφροσύνης ἀποστέρησιν τῇ πόλει, ὡς μηδεμίαν ἐπενεχθῆναι φωνὴν, μὴ γάμων, μὴ συμποσίων, μὴ τῶν ἄλλων, ὅσα θυμήρη τοῖς ἀν θρώποις παρέχει ζωήν. Πυνθανομένων δὲ, φησὶν, ἐκείνων, καὶ λεγόντων· Διὰ ποίαν αἰτίαν τούτοις περιπεπτώκαμεν τοῖς κακοῖς; καὶ τῆς πατρῴας αὐ τοὺς ἀνάμνησον ἀσεβείας, καὶ τὰ ὑπ' αὐτῶν τολμώμενα δίδαξον, καὶ ὅτι χαλεπώτερα τῶν πατέρων ἐξήμαρτον, οὐ κατὰ τὸν ἐμὸν πολιτευόμενοι νόμον, ἀλλὰ τοῖς οἰκείοις ἑπόμενοι λογισμοῖς. Οὗ δὴ χάριν· ιγʹ. Ἀποῤῥίψω ὑμᾶς ἀπὸ τῆς γῆς ταύτης εἰς γῆν, ἣν οὐκ ᾔδειτε ὑμεῖς, καὶ οἱ πατέρες ὑμῶν, καὶ δουλεύσετε ἐκεῖ θεοῖς ἑτέροις ἡμέρας καὶ νυκτὸς, οἳ οὐ δώσουσιν ὑμῖν ἔλεος. Ἐπειδὴ τοὺς οὐκ ὄντας φιλεῖτε θεοὺς, τῆς πατρῴας ὑμᾶς ἐκβαλῶ γῆς, καὶ παραδώσω τοῖς πολεμίοις, ἵνα σὺν ἐκείνοις τῇ πλάνῃ δουλεύητε. Ὑπισχνεῖται μέντοι καὶ τὴν ἐπάνοδον· καὶ λέγει, ὡς κατ' ἐκεῖνον τὸν καιρὸν οὐκέτι τὰς προτέρας εὐεργεσίας","english":"He enjoins him not to marry nor to beget children, since both those who beget and those who are begotten will be handed over to famine and pestilence and slaughter and slavery. And he urges him neither to rejoice with those who rejoice nor to grieve with those who grieve. \"For I have taken away,\" he says, \"my peace from this people, says the Lord, and my mercy and my compassions.\" 6. And great and small shall die in this land. He says that they will not even be deemed worthy of burial, nor will lamentations be made over them in the customary way, nor will those who mourn be granted any consolation; and he threatens the deprivation of every kind of gladness for the city, so that no voice be raised, neither of marriages nor of banquets nor of the other things, as many as make life pleasant for human beings. And when they inquire, he says, and say, \"For what reason have we fallen into these evils?\" remind them of their ancestral impiety, and teach them the things they have dared, and that they have sinned more grievously than their fathers, not conducting themselves according to my law, but following their own reasonings. For this reason: 13. I will cast you out from this land into a land which you did not know, you and your fathers, and there you shall serve other gods day and night, who will not give you mercy. Since you love gods that do not exist, I will drive you out of your ancestral land and hand you over to your enemies, so that with them you may serve your error. He promises, however, also the return; and he says that at that time no longer the former benefits","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":81,"ref":"p81","source":"προφέροντες τὸν Θεὸν ἀνυμνήσουσιν, οὐδὲ τῆς Αἰγυπτίων δουλείας τὴν ἀπαλλαγὴν διηγήσονται, ἀλλὰ τὴν ἀπὸ Βαβυλῶ νος ἐπάνοδον θαυμάσουσιν ἅπαντες. ιϛʹ. Ἰδοὺ ἐγὼ ἀποστελῶ ἁλιεῖς πολλοὺς, λέγει Κύριος, καὶ ἁλιεύσουσιν αὐτούς· καὶ μετὰ ταῦτα ἀποστελῶ θηρευτὰς πολλοὺς, καὶ θηρεύσουσιν αὐτοὺς ἐπάνω παντὸς βουνοῦ, καὶ ἐκ τῶν τρυμαλιῶν τῶν πετρῶν. Τὸ ἄφευκτον τῆς τι μωρίας διὰ τούτων δεδήλωκεν, ὅτι ἁλιεῖς καὶ θηρευ τὰς μιμούμενοι οἱ πολέμιοι πάντας αὐτοὺς σαγηνεύ σουσι, καὶ τοὺς ἐν τοῖς ὄρεσι πειρωμένους λανθάνειν ὑφ' ἑαυτοὺς ποιούμενοι. ιζʹ. Ὅτι οἱ ὀφθαλμοί μου ἐπὶ πάσας τὰς ὁδοὺς αὐτῶν, οὐκ ἀπεκρύβησαν ἀπὸ προσώπου μου, καὶ οὐκ ἐκρύβη τὰ ἀδικήματα αὐτῶν ἀπέναντι τῶν ὀφθαλμῶν μου. Πάντα ὁρῶ, οὐδέν με λανθάνει τῶν γιγνομένων. ιηʹ. Καὶ ἀνταποδώσω αὐτοῖς πρῶτον διπλᾶς τὰς ἀδικίας αὐτῶν, καὶ τὰς ἀνομίας αὐτῶν, ἐφ' αἷς ἐβεβήλωσαν τὴν γῆν μου ἐν τοῖς θνησιμαίοις τῶν βδελυγμάτων αὑτῶν. Ὡς φιλάνθρωπος διπλα σίαν ἁμαρτημάτων τὴν τιμωρίαν καλεῖ· κατὰ γὰρ τὸν τοῦ δικαίου λόγον, οὐκ ἀξίας ἔτισαν δίκας. Θνησιμαῖα δὲ τῶν βδελυγμάτων καλεῖ τὴν τῶν υἱῶν καὶ τῶν θυγατέρων σφαγὴν, ἣν τοῖς εἰδώλοις προσέφερον. Οὕτω τοῦ λαοῦ τὴν ἀσέβειαν δείξας, τὴν τῶν ἐθνῶν προθεσπίζει μεταβολήν. ιθʹ. Κύριος ἰσχύς μου, καὶ βοήθειά μου, καὶ καταφυγή μου ἐν ἡμέρᾳ κακῶν· πρὸς σὲ ἔθνη ἥξουσιν ἀπ' ἐσχάτου τῆς γῆς, καὶ ἐροῦσιν, Ὡς ψευδῆ ἐκτήσαντο οἱ πατέρες ἡμῶν εἴδωλα, καὶ οὐκ ἔστιν ὠφέλεια ἐν αὐτοῖς.","english":"They will bring forward God and sing his praise, and they will not recount the deliverance from the slavery of the Egyptians, but all will marvel at the return from Babylon. 16. Behold, I will send many fishers, says the Lord, and they will fish for them; and after these things I will send many hunters, and they will hunt them upon every hill, and from the crevices of the rocks. By these words he has made clear the inescapability of the punishment, that the enemies, imitating fishers and hunters, will catch them all in their net, and will bring under their own power those who try to escape notice in the mountains. 17. For my eyes are upon all their ways; they were not hidden from my face, and their iniquities were not concealed before my eyes. I see all things; nothing that happens escapes me. 18. And I will repay to them first double for their iniquities and their lawless deeds, by which they defiled my land with the dead bodies of their abominations. As a lover of humanity he calls the punishment of sins double; for according to the account of the just man, they paid a penalty no longer according to their deserts. And he calls the slaughter of their sons and daughters, which they offered to idols, dead bodies of their abominations. Having thus shown the impiety of the people, he foretells the change of the nations. 19. The Lord is my strength, and my help, and my refuge in the day of evils; to you nations will come from the ends of the earth, and they will say, Our fathers acquired false idols, and there is no benefit in them.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":82,"ref":"p82","source":"Οἱ τοσαύτης ἐπιμε λείας ἀξιωθέντες, καὶ νομικῆς καὶ προφητικῆς δι δασκαλίας ἀπολαύσαντες, ἀσεβοῦντες διετέλεσαν, καὶ παρανομοῦντες· τὰ δὲ ἔθνη, ταύτης οὐκ ἀπολαύσαντα τῆς προμηθείας, μόνον δὲ τῶν ἀποστολικῶν κηρυ γμάτων ἀκούσαντα, ἔφυγε τὴν πλάνην, καὶ τῷ τῆς θεογνωσίας φωτὶ προσελήλυθε. Καὶ τῆς προτέρας ἀναμιμνησκόμενος παροιμίας βοῶ σοι· κʹ, καʹ. Εἰ ποιήσει ἑαυτῷ ἄνθρωπος θεοὺς, καὶ αὐτοὶ οὐκ εἰσὶ θεοί; Διὰ τοῦτο ἰδοὺ ἐγὼ δη λώσω αὐτοῖς ἐν τῷ καιρῷ τούτῳ τὴν χεῖρά μου, καὶ τὴν δύναμίν μου γνωριῶ αὐτοῖς, καὶ γνώσονται ὅτι ὄνομά μοι Κύριος. Προλέγω, φησὶν, αὐτοῖς πρὸ πολλοῦ τὰ ἐσόμενα, καὶ προδιδάσκω αὐτοῖς τὴν ἰσχύν μου, ὅτι δι' εὐτελῶν καὶ ὀλίγων ἀνθρώπων τὴν μεταβολὴν αὐτῶν πραγματεύσομαι.\n\nΚΕΦΑΛ. ΙΖʹ.\n\nΟὕτω τὴν τῶν ἐθνῶν προθεσπίσας μεταβολὴν, τῆς Ἰουδαίων πάλιν ἀσεβείας κατηγορεῖ. αʹ. Ἁμαρτία Ἰούδα ἐγγέγραπται ἐν γραφῇ, ἐν ὄνυχι ἀδαμαντίνῃ, ἐπὶ τοῦ στήθους τῆς καρ δίας αὐτῶν, καὶ ἐν τοῖς κέρασι τῶν θυσιαστηρίων αὐτῶν. Οὐδὲν τοῦ συνειδότος ἰσχυρότερον· πάγια γὰρ τὰ ἐν τούτῳ πηγνύμενα γράμματα· κἂν γὰρ πάντες ἄνθρωποι μαρτυρήσωσιν ἀγαθὰ τῷ συνειδότι ἑαυτῶν, πονηρὰ τῶν ψευδολόγων τὸ συνειδὸς οὐκ ἀνέχεται, ἀλλὰ νύττεται, καὶ κεντεῖται, καὶ ἀδέκαστον ἐκφέρει τὴν ψῆφον. Τοῦτο καὶ ἐνταῦθά φησιν, ὅτι Καὶ τὰ πράγματά σου κατηγορεῖ, καὶ τὸ συνειδός σου συμ μαρτυρεῖ. Ἀναμιμνήσκει δὲ αὐτοὺς καὶ τῶν ἀλ σῶν, καὶ τῶν βωμῶν, καὶ τῆς ἐν αὐτοῖς γενομένης πλάνης, καὶ ἀπειλεῖ πάντα τὸν πλοῦτον αὐτῶν σὺν τοῖς εἰδώλοις παραδώσειν τοῖς πολεμίοις. Προλέγει δὲ καὶ τὴν τῆς πόλεως ἐρημίαν·","english":"Those who were deemed worthy of such great care and enjoyed both legal and prophetic teaching continued in impiety and lawlessness; but the nations, who did not enjoy this providence, but only heard the apostolic proclamations, fled from error and came to the light of the knowledge of God. And recalling the earlier proverb, I cry out to you: 20, 21. Will a man make gods for himself, and they are not gods? Therefore behold, I will make known to them my hand in this time, and I will make known to them my power, and they shall know that my name is Lord. I foretell to them, he says, long beforehand the things that are to come, and I pre-instruct them in my strength, that through cheap and few men I will accomplish their transformation.\n\nCHAPTER 17.\n\nHaving thus foretold the transformation of the nations, he again accuses the impiety of the Jews. 1. The sin of Judah is engraved in writing, with a diamond nail, on the breast of their heart, and on the horns of their altars. Nothing is stronger than conscience; for the letters fixed in it are firm; for even if all men testify good things to their own conscience, the conscience of liars does not endure evil things, but is pricked and pierced, and brings forth an impartial verdict. This also he says here, that your deeds also accuse you, and your conscience bears witness with them. And he reminds them also of the groves and the altars, and the error that took place in them, and he threatens to hand over all their wealth together with their idols to the enemies. And he foretells also the desolation of the city.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":83,"ref":"p83","source":"μετὰ ταῦτα ἄθλιον λέγει καὶ τρισάθλιον, καὶ ἀραῖς ὑποβάλλει τὸν τοῦ Θεοῦ μὲν ἀφιστάμενον, ἀνθρωπίνῃ δὲ δυναστείᾳ θαῤῥοῦντα· καὶ ἀπεικάζει τοῦτον ἀκάρποις τισὶ φυτοῖς καὶ εὐτελέσι, φυομένοις ἐν ταῖς ἐρημίαις καὶ μηδε μιᾶς ἐπιμελείας τυγχάνουσιν. ϛʹ. Ἔστι γὰρ, φησὶν, ἡ ἀγριομυρίκη, ἡ ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ, καὶ οὐκ ὄψεται, ὅταν ἔλθῃ τὰ ἀγαθά. Καὶ κατασκηνώσει ἐν ἁλίμοις, ἐν γῇ ἐρήμῳ, ἐν γῇ ἁλμυρᾷ, ἥτις οὐ κατοικιεῖται. Τὸ δὲ \"ἐν ἁλίμοις\" ὁ Σύ ρος \"ἐν φωλεοῖς\" ἡρμήνευσε· διὰ πάντων δὲ τῶν εἰ ρημένων, τὸ ἀκερδὲς\n\nτοῦ τοιούτου κέρδους ἐδήλωσεν. Ἀπεικάζει δὲ τὸν τῷ Θεῷ πεποιθότα, καὶ παραβάλ λει φυτῷ διηνεκῶς ἀρδομένῳ, καὶ μὴ βλαπτομένῳ ὑπὸ καύματος σφοδροτάτου, ἀεὶ δὲ ὥριμον φέροντι τὸν καρπόν. Ταῦτα δὲ οὐ μάτην εἶπεν, ἀλλὰ παραινῶν μὴ τῇ Αἰγυπτίων ἐπικουρίᾳ θαῤῥῆσαι, ἀλλὰ διὰ τῆς τοῦ βίου μεταβολῆς τὴν θείαν ῥοπὴν ἐπισπάσασθαι. θʹ, ιʹ. Βαρεῖα ἡ καρδία παρὰ πάντα· καὶ ἄνθρωπός ἐστι, καὶ τίς γνώσεται αὐτόν; Ἐγὼ Κύριος ἐτάζων καρδίας, δοκιμάζων νεφροὺς, τοῦ δοῦναι ἑκάστῳ κατὰ τὰς ὁδοὺς αὐτοῦ, καὶ κατὰ τοὺς καρποὺς τῶν ἐπιτηδευμάτων αὐτῶν. Ἀνθρώποις μὲν, φησὶν, ἀκατάληπτα τὰ τοῦ πέλας βουλεύματα· κέκρυπται γὰρ τῆς καρδίας κινήματα· ἐμοὶ δὲ τῷ ποιητῇ δῆλα καὶ ταῦτα· οὐ γὰρ μόνοις πράγμασιν, ἀλλὰ καὶ λογισμοῖς δικάζω, καὶ ἴσην καὶ δικαίαν ἐκφέρω τὴν ψῆφον. Πάλιν ἐπὶ τὸν Βαβυλώνιον τὸν λόγον μετήνεγκεν. ιαʹ. Ἐφώνησε πέρδιξ, συνήγαγεν ἃ οὐκ ἔτεκε· ποιῶν πλοῦτον αὑτοῦ οὐ μετὰ κρίσεως. Τῶν περδίκων οἱ θηρευταὶ τιθασσεύουσι πέρδικας, καὶ διὰ τῆς τούτων φωνῆς τοὺς ὁμογενεῖς συγκαλοῦ σιν·","english":"After this he calls him wretched and thrice-wretched, and subjects to curses the one who has revolted from God and trusts in human power; and he likens him to certain fruitless and worthless plants, which grow in the wilderness and obtain no care at all. 6. For, he says, he is like the wild tamarisk in the desert, and he shall not see when good things come. And he shall dwell in salt places, in a desert land, in a salt land, which shall not be inhabited. But the word \"in salt places\" the Syrian rendered as \"in dens\"; and through all the things said he has made clear the profitlessness of such gain. And he likens the one who has trusted in God, and compares him to a plant continually watered, and not harmed by the most vehement heat, but always bearing its fruit in season. And he said these things not in vain, but exhorting them not to trust in the aid of the Egyptians, but through the change of their life to draw to themselves the divine favor. 9, 10. The heart is heavy beyond all things; and it is a man, and who shall know him? I am the Lord who searches hearts, who tests reins, to give to each according to his ways, and according to the fruits of their practices. To men, he says, the counsels of one's neighbor are incomprehensible; for the motions of the heart are hidden; but to me the Maker these things too are clear; for I judge not only deeds but also reasonings, and I bring forth an equal and just verdict. Again he has transferred the discourse to the Babylonian. 11. A partridge has called out, she has gathered what she did not bring forth; making his wealth not with judgment. The hunters tame partridges, and through their voice they call together those of the same kind;","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":84,"ref":"p84","source":"οἱ δὲ, συντρέχοντες περιπίπτουσι τοῖς θηράτροις. Τούτῳ τὸν Βαβυλώνιον ἀπείκασε, δεσπόζειν μὲν πάντων ἀνθρώπων πειρώμενον, πλοῦτον δὲ ἄδικον ἀθροίζοντα. Προλέγει δὲ καὶ τὰ συμβησόμενα αὐτῷ σκυθρωπά. \"Ἐν ἡμίσει ἡμερῶν αὐτοῦ καταλείψουσιν αὐτὸν, καὶ ἐπ' ἐσχάτων αὑτοῦ ἔσται ἄφρων.\" Ταῦτα καὶ ὁ θεσπέσιος ἐδίδαξεν ἡμᾶς Δα νιήλ· μανίᾳ γὰρ περιέπεσε, καὶ θηριώδης ἐγένετο, καὶ ἐξελάσθη τῆς βασιλείας. ιβʹ. Θρόνος δόξης ὑψούμενος. Ἐστερήθη δὲ καὶ τὸν θρόνον. Ὑψηλὸν ἁγίασμα ἡμῶν ἐξ ἀρχῆς· τόπος ἁγιά σματος ἡμῶν. (ιγʹ.) Ὑπομονὴ Ἰσραήλ. Σὺ δὲ, φησὶ, Δέσποτα, τὸ ἡμέτερον ἁγίασμα, ἡ τοῦ τόπου ἡμῶν περιφάνεια, αἰώνιον ἔχεις τὸ κράτος. Σὲ τοίνυν ὑπο μενοῦμεν. Σὺ γὰρ ἡμῖν παρέξεις τῶν λυπηρῶν τὴν ἀπαλλαγήν· οἱ γὰρ καταλιπόντες σε αἰσχύνης πάσης πλησθήσονται. ιδʹ. Ἴασαί με, Κύριε, καὶ ἰαθήσομαι· σῶσόν με, καὶ σωθήσομαι· ὅτι καύχημά μου εἶ σύ. Ἐμαυτὸν ἐγὼ τῇ σῇ προνοίᾳ προσάγω, καὶ τῆς παρὰ σοῦ σωτηρίας ἱκετεύω τυχεῖν. ιεʹ, ιϛʹ. Ἰδοὺ αὐτοὶ λέγουσι πρός με, Ποῦ ἔστιν ὁ λόγος Κυρίου; ἡκέτω. Ἐγὼ δὲ οὐκ ἐκοπίασα κατακολουθῶν ὀπίσω σου, καὶ ἡμέραν ἀνθρώπου οὐκ ἐπεθύμησα, σὺ ἐπίστασαι· τὰ ἐκπορευόμενα διὰ τῶν χειλέων μου πρὸ προσ ώπου σού ἐστιν. Ἐπιμέμφονται τῇ βραδύτητι τῆς τιμωρίας, καὶ ψευδῆ τὴν προφητείαν νομίζουσι, σοῦ ἀναβαλλομένου τὴν τιμωρίαν· ἐγὼ δὲ, οὐδὲ ταύτην αὐτῶν τὴν ἀναλγησίαν ὁρῶν ἐβουλήθην αὐ τοὺς περιπεσεῖν τοῖς κακοῖς· τοῦτο γὰρ λέγει· Ἡμέραν ἀνθρώπου οὐκ ἐπεθύμησα. (ιζʹ.) Μὴ γένῃ μοι εἰς ἀλλοτρίωσιν, φειδόμενός μου σὺ ἐν ἡμέρᾳ πονηρᾷ.","english":"But they, running together, fall into the snares. To this he likened the Babylonian, who tries to lord it over all men and gathers unjust wealth. And he foretells also the gloomy things that will befall him: \"In the half of his days they shall leave him, and at his last he shall be a fool.\" The divine Daniel also taught us these things; for he fell into madness and became beast-like and was driven out of the kingdom. 12. A throne of glory exalted. But he was deprived also of the throne. Our high holy place from the beginning; the place of our sanctification. 13. The patience of Israel. But you, he says, Master, our sanctification, the splendor of our place, you have your dominion eternal. You, therefore, we shall await. For you will provide us release from our sorrows; for those who have abandoned you shall be filled with all shame. 14. Heal me, Lord, and I shall be healed; save me, and I shall be saved; for you are my boast. I bring myself to your providence, and I beseech to obtain salvation from you. 15, 16. Behold, they themselves say to me, Where is the word of the Lord? Let it come. But I did not grow weary in following after you, and I did not desire the day of man; you know it; the things that proceed through my lips are before your face. They find fault with the slowness of the punishment, and think the prophecy false, since you defer the punishment; but I, not even seeing this insensibility of theirs, wished them to fall into evils; for this is what he says: I did not desire the day of man. 17. Do not become to me a stranger, sparing me in an evil day.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":85,"ref":"p85","source":"\"Ἡμέραν πονηρὰν\" τὴν κατ' αὐτοῦ γενομένην ἐπανάστασιν καλεῖ. Καὶ παρακαλεῖ τῆς τοῦ Θεοῦ κηδεμονίας τυχεῖν· καὶ ἐκείνους μὲν διαμαρτεῖν τῶν ἐπιχειρημάτων, καὶ καταισχυνθῆναι, αὐτὸν δὲ τῆς ἐπιβουλῆς ἀναφανῆναι κρείττονα. Μετὰ ταῦτα κελεύεται ὁ προφήτης τὰς βασιλικὰς πύλας καταλαβεῖν, καὶ πᾶσι παρεγγυῆσαι, καὶ βασιλεῦσι, καὶ ἰδιώταις, τὸν περὶ τοῦ Σαββάτου μὴ παραβαίνειν νόμον, ἀλλὰ τῇ ἀργίᾳ τήνδε τὴν ἡμέραν τιμῆσαι, καὶ τῶν πατέρων μὴ ζηλῶσαι τὴν ἀπείθειαν· τούτου γὰρ γινομένου, φησὶ, τῶν τῆς εἰρήνης καρπῶν ἀπολαύσεσθε, καὶ συνδρα μοῦνται πάντοθεν οἱ τῷ Θεῷ τὰς θυσίας ἐν εἰρήνῃ προσφέροντες. Ὑμῶν δὲ παραβαινόντων τῆς ἀργίας τὸν νόμον, καὶ φορτία κομιζόντων ἐν τῇ τοῦ Σαβ βάτου ἡμέρᾳ, οὐ τὰς πύλας μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ πᾶσαν τὴν πόλιν παραδώσω πυρί.\n\nΚΕΦΑΛ. ΙΗʹ.\n\nΟὕτω καὶ τοῦτον συμπεράνας τὸν λόγον, παρακελεύεται τῷ προφήτῃ εἰς τὸ τοῦ κεραμέως εἰσελθεῖν καταγώγιον. Ποιεῖ δὲ τὸ προσταχθὲν ὁ προφήτης, καὶ θεωρεῖ τὸν","english":"He calls the \"evil day\" the uprising that arose against him. And he prays to obtain God's care; and that those men be frustrated in their undertakings and put to shame, while he himself be shown to be stronger than their plot. After this the prophet is commanded to go to the royal gates and to charge everyone, both kings and private citizens, not to transgress the law concerning the Sabbath, but to honor this day with rest, and not to emulate the disobedience of their fathers. For if this is done, he says, you will enjoy the fruits of peace, and those who offer sacrifices to God in peace will come running together from every side. But if you transgress the law of rest and bring loads on the Sabbath day, I will deliver not only the gates but the whole city to fire.\n\nCHAPTER 18.\n\nHaving thus concluded this discourse as well, he urges the prophet to enter the dwelling of the potter. The prophet does what was commanded, and sees the","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":86,"ref":"p86","source":"κεραμέα σκεῦός τι διαπλάττοντα· εἶτα τοῦτο διαπεσὸν καὶ συντριβὲν ἄνωθεν νεουργοῦντα. δʹ. Καὶ ἔπεσε γὰρ, φησὶ, τὸ ἀγγεῖον, ὃ αὐτὸς ἐποίει ἐκ τοῦ πηλοῦ, ἐν ταῖς χερσὶν αὐτοῦ, καὶ πάλιν ἐποίησεν αὐτὸ ἀγγεῖον ἕτερον, καθὼς ἤρεσεν ἐναντίον αὐτοῦ τοῦ ποιῆσαι. Οὕτω δείξας τὸν κεραμέα τοῦ πηλοῦ τὴν ἐξουσίαν ἔχοντα, καὶ ὡς ἂν ἐθέλῃ, κατασχηματίζοντα τοῦτον, πρὸς τὸν προφήτην φησίν· Εἰπὲ αὐτοῖς· ϛʹ. Εἰ καθὼς ὁ κεραμεὺς, οὕτως οὐ δύναμαι τοῦ ποιῆσαι ὑμῖν, οἶκος Ἰσραήλ; φησὶ Κύριος. Ἰδοὺ ὡς πηλὸς ἐν χειρὶ τοῦ κεραμέως, οὕτως ὑμεῖς ἐν ταῖς χερσί μου ἐστὲ, οἶκος Ἰσραήλ. Καθάπερ γὰρ ἐκεῖνος καὶ φῦραι δύναται τὸν πηλὸν, καὶ σχηματίσαι τοῦτον, ὡς ἂν ἐθέλῃ· οὕτως ἐμοὶ ῥᾴδιον, καὶ τιμωρίᾳ παραδοῦναι, καὶ σωτηρίαν χαρί σασθαι, καὶ τοὺς ἐν εὐπραξίᾳ συμφοραῖς παραδοῦναι, καὶ αὖ πάλιν τοῖς ἐν δυσκληρίᾳ εὐημερίαν χαρίσασθαι. Τοῦτο γὰρ δηλοῖ τὰ ἑξῆς. ζʹ, ηʹ. Πέρας λαλήσω ἐπὶ ἔθνη καὶ βασι λείαν, τοῦ ἐξᾶραι αὐτοὺς, καὶ καθελεῖν, καὶ τοῦ ἀπολλύειν. Καὶ ἂν ἐπιστραφῇ τὸ ἔθνος ἐκεῖνο ἀπὸ κακῶν αὑτῶν· καὶ μετανοήσω ἀπὸ τῶν κακῶν, ὧν ἐλογισάμην ποιῆσαι αὐτοῖς. Μὴ ἀπαγορεύσητε, φησὶ, τὴν σωτηρίαν· καὶ γὰρ εἰ καταψηφίσομαι ἔθνους, καὶ ἀπειλήσω τιμωρίαν ἐσχά την, ἴδω δὲ αὐτῶν τὴν μεταμέλειαν, οὐκ ἐπάγω τὴν τιμωρίαν, ἀλλ' ὀρέγω τὸν ἔλεον. Κἂν πάλιν ὑπόσχωμαι ἀγαθῶν ἀφθονίαν, καταφρονήσαντες δὲ ἐκεῖνοι πονηρίαν ἀσπάσωνται, οὐ περανῶ τῶν ἀγαθῶν τὴν ὑπόσχεσιν. Τοῦτο τοίνυν εἰδότες, φησὶ, μὴ ἀπαγορεύσητε τὰ χρηστότερα, ἀλλὰ προσενέγκατε τὴν μετάνοιαν, καὶ τὴν σωτηρίαν καρπώσα σθε. ιαʹ.","english":"a potter shaping some vessel; then, when it had fallen and been shattered, fashioning it anew from above. 4. For it fell, he says, the vessel which he himself was making from the clay, in his hands, and again he made it another vessel, as it pleased him to make it. Having thus shown that the potter has authority over the clay, and fashions it as he wishes, he says to the prophet: Tell them: 6. Can I not do to you just as the potter does, house of Israel? says the Lord. Behold, as clay in the hand of the potter, so are you in my hands, house of Israel. For just as he can both knead the clay and shape it as he wishes, so it is easy for me both to hand over to punishment and to grant salvation, and to deliver those in prosperity to calamities, and again to grant prosperity to those in misfortune. For what follows makes this clear. 7, 8. At one moment I will speak against a nation and a kingdom, to uproot them and pull them down and destroy them. And if that nation turns from its evils, I will also relent from the evils which I planned to do to them. Do not, he says, despair of salvation; for even if I condemn a nation and threaten the ultimate punishment, but see their repentance, I do not bring on the punishment, but extend mercy. And if again I promise an abundance of good things, but they despise it and embrace wickedness, I will not fulfill the promise of good things. Knowing this, then, he says, do not despair of the better things, but bring forth repentance and reap salvation. 11.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":87,"ref":"p87","source":"Ἰδοὺ γὰρ ἐγὼ, φησὶ, πλάσσω ἐφ' ὑμᾶς κακὰ, καὶ λογίζομαι ἐφ' ὑμᾶς λογισμόν· ἀποστραφήτω ἕκαστος ἀπὸ τῆς ὁδοῦ τῆς πονηρᾶς, καὶ καλλίω ποιήσατε τὰ ἐπιτηδεύματα ὑμῶν, καὶ τὰς ὁδοὺς ὑμῶν. Ἀλλ' αὐτὸς μὲν φιλάνθρωπος ὢν, τοι αῦτα προσενήνοχε φάρμακα· ἐκεῖνοι δὲ τοῦ ἰατροῦ τὰς ὑποθήκας οὐκ ἐδέξαντο. ιβʹ. Ἀλλ' εἶπον, φησὶν, Ἀνδριούμεθα, ὅτι ὀπίσω τῶν ἀποστροφῶν ἡμῶν πορευσόμεθα, καὶ ἕκαστος τὰ ἀρεστὰ τῆς καρδίας αὑτοῦ ποιή σομεν. \"Ἀποστροφὰς\" καλεῖ τὴν τῶν χειρόνων ὁδόν. ιγʹ. Διὰ τοῦτο τάδε λέγει Κύριος· Ἐρωτήσατε ἔθνεσι, Τίς ἤκουσε τοιαῦτα φρικτὰ σφόδρα, ἃ ἐποίησε παρθένος θυγάτηρ Ἱερουσαλήμ; Παρ θένον αὐτὴν καλεῖ, οὐχ ὡς οὐκ ἀκόλαστον, ἀλλ' ὡς ὡραϊζομένην, καὶ ἐπὶ τῷ κάλλει σεμνυνομένην. ιδʹ. Μὴ ἐκλείψουσιν ἀπὸ πέτρας μαστοὶ, ἢ χιὼν ἀπὸ τοῦ Λιβάνου; ἢ ἐκκλίνει ὕδωρ βιαίως ἀνέμῳ φερόμενον; Αἱ πηγαὶ, φησὶν, ἀπαύ στως ἀναβλύζουσιν, ὁ Λίβανος ἔχει τὴν χιόνα διηνε κῶς, τὸ ῥύμῃ φερόμενον ὕδωρ τετριμμένην τρίβον ὁδεύει· οὗτοι δὲ τοῦ νόμου κατέλιπον τὴν ὁδὸν, καὶ τῶν ἐμῶν ἐντολῶν οὐδεμία παρ' αὐτοῖς μνήμη· τοῦ το γὰρ δηλοῖ τὰ ἑξῆς. ιεʹ. Ὅτι ἐπελάθοντό μου ὁ λαός μου, εἰς κενὸν ἐθυμίασαν, καὶ ἀσθενοῦσιν ἐν ταῖς ὁδοῖς αὑ τῶν σχοινίοις αἰωνίοις, τοῦ ἐπιβῆναι τρίβον οὐκ. ἔχουσαν ὁδὸν εἰς πορείαν. Ἐπενόησαν, φησὶν, ἀτραποὺς οὐκ ἐξ ἀρχῆς τετριμμένας, καὶ ταύ τας αἰωνίους ἀπέφηναν ὁδούς· ἀντὶ τοῦ, ταύταις ἀεὶ κεχρημένοι διατελοῦσιν. Οὗ χάριν αὐτῶν ἐρη μίᾳ παραδώσω τὴν γῆν· τοῦτο γὰρ ἐπήγαγεν. ιϛʹ. Τοῦ τάξαι τὴν γῆν αὐτῶν εἰς ἀφανισμὸν, καὶ εἰς συρισμὸν αἰώνιον.","english":"For behold, I, says he, am fashioning evils against you, and I am devising a device against you; let each one turn away from his evil way, and make your practices and your ways better. But he, being loving toward humanity, brought such remedies; yet they did not receive the physician's instructions. 12. But they said, says he, We will be strengthened, for we will go after our backslidings, and each one will do the things pleasing to his own heart. He calls \"backslidings\" the way of the worse. 13. Therefore thus says the Lord: Ask among the nations, Who has heard such very dreadful things, which the virgin daughter of Jerusalem has done? He calls her a virgin, not as though she were not unchaste, but as one adorned and priding herself on her beauty. 14. Shall breasts fail from a rock, or snow from Lebanon? Or does water turn aside, borne violently by the wind? The springs, says he, gush forth unceasingly, Lebanon has its snow continually, the water borne by the rush travels a worn path; but these have abandoned the way of the law, and there is no memory of my commandments among them; for what follows makes this clear. 15. For my people forgot me, they burned incense in vain, and they are weak in their ways by eternal cords, so as not to set foot on a path that has no way for travel. They devised, says he, tracks not worn from the beginning, and these they declared to be eternal ways; that is, they continue always using these. For this reason I will deliver their land to desolation; for this he added. 16. To appoint their land for destruction, and for an eternal hissing.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":88,"ref":"p88","source":"Ὁ συρισμὸς τὴν ἐρη μίαν τῆς πόλεως δηλοῖ· οἱ γὰρ εὐπραγοῦσαν τὴν πόλιν ἰδόντες, εἶτα ἐρημωθεῖσαν θεώμενοι, συρί ζειν εἰώθασι, καὶ ταύτῃ δεικνύειν τὴν συμφο ράν. ιζʹ. Ὡς ἄνεμον καύσωνα διασπερῶ αὐτοὺς κατὰ πρόσωπον τῶν ἐχθρῶν αὐτῶν. Οὐδὲ φειδοῦς, φησὶ, παρὰ τῶν δυσμενῶν ἀπολαύσουσιν· ἀλλὰ μισήσουσιν αὐτοὺς, καθάπερ τις τὸν καύσωνα ἀπο στρέφεται. \"Αὐχένα καὶ οὐ πρόσωπον δείξω αὐ τοῖς ἐν ἡμέρᾳ ἀπωλείας αὐτῶν.\" Ἴδιον γὰρ τῶν δορυαλώτων, καὶ τῶν δούλων, τὸ κύπτειν εἰς γῆν, ὡς μᾶλλον αὐτῶν τὸν αὐχένα ἢ τὸ πρόσωπον φαίνε σθαι. Καὶ ἄλλως δὲ δυνατὸν νοῆσαι· τῶν γὰρ ἀπεστραμμένων οὐ τὸ πρόσωπον, ἀλλὰ τὸν αὐχένα ὁρῶ μεν· δηλοῖ τοίνυν ὁ λόγος τοῦ Θεοῦ τὴν ἀποστρο φήν.\n\nΤὰ μὲν οὖν ἐκείνοις ἀπειληθέντα τοιαῦτα· ἡμῖν δὲ γενέσθω φάρμακα τὰ ἐκείνων παθήματα· ἵνα ταῖς τῶν ἄλλων τιμωρίαις σωφρονισθέντες, καὶ κατὰ τοὺς θείους πολιτευόμενοι νόμους, ἵλεων τὸν νομοθέτην ἔχοιμεν εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας. Ἀμήν. ΤΟΜΟΣ Εʹ. ιηʹ. Καὶ εἶπον· Δεῦτε, καὶ λογισώμεθα ἐπὶ Ἱερεμίαν λογισμὸν, ὅτι οὐκ ἀπολεῖται νόμος ἀπὸ ἱερέως, καὶ βουλὴ ἀπὸ συνετοῦ, καὶ λόγος ἀπὸ προφήτου. Τρία μαρτυροῦσιν αὐτῷ τὰ μέγιστα, ἱερωσύνην, καὶ προφητείαν, καὶ σύνεσιν· καὶ ἑκάστου χαρίσματος ἴσασι τὸ δυνατόν τε καὶ ἀψευδές. Καὶ δέον εἴκειν τοῖς λεγομένοις, οὐ μόνον ἐκεῖνοι ἀντιλέγουσιν, ἀλλὰ καὶ θάνατον τυρεύουσι. \"Δεῦτε γὰρ, φησὶ, πατάξωμεν αὐτὸν ἐν γλώσσῃ, καὶ οὐκ ἀκουσώμεθα πάντας τοὺς λόγους αὐτοῦ.\" Τοσοῦτον αὐτοὺς ἀπέκνει καὶ αὐτὰ τοῦ Θεοῦ τὰ ῥήματα·","english":"The hissing signifies the desolation of the city; for those who saw the city prospering and then behold it laid waste are accustomed to hiss, and by this to indicate the calamity. 17. As a scorching wind I will scatter them before the face of their enemies. They shall enjoy no sparing, he says, from their foes, but they shall hate them, just as one turns away from a scorching wind. I will show them a neck and not a face in the day of their destruction. For it is characteristic of captives and of slaves to bow down to the ground, so that their neck rather than their face is more visible. And it is possible to understand it in another way; for of those who have turned away we see not the face but the neck; therefore the word of God signifies their turning away.\n\nSuch then are the things threatened against them; but let their sufferings become medicines for us, so that, disciplined by the punishments of others and conducting ourselves according to the divine laws, we may have the Lawgiver propitious unto the ages. Amen. Volume 5. 18. And they said: Come, and let us devise a device against Jeremiah, for the law shall not perish from the priest, nor counsel from the wise, nor the word from the prophet. Three things bear witness to him, the greatest: priesthood, prophecy, and understanding; and of each gift they know the power and the truthfulness. And though they ought to yield to what is said, they not only contradict but also contrive death. For come, he says, let us strike him with the tongue, and we will not listen to all his words. So greatly did the very words of God grieve them.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":89,"ref":"p89","source":"τὸ δὲ \"Πατάξωμεν αὐτὸν ἐν γλώσσῃ,\" ἀντὶ τοῦ \"Συ κοφαντίαν ὑφάνωμεν κατ' αὐτοῦ.\" Τούτων αἰσθόμενος ὁ προφήτης, τὸν Θεὸν ἱκετεύει γενέσθαι κρι τὴν, καὶ ἀναμιμνήσκει αὐτὸν ὧν πολλάκις ὑπὲρ αὐ τῶν προσενήνοχε πρεσβειῶν. Εἶτα εὐκτικῶς μὲν σχηματίζει τὸν λόγον, προλέγει δὲ τὸν ὑπὸ τοῦ λι μοῦ γενησόμενον θάνατον, καὶ τὰς ὑπὸ τῶν πολε μίων γενησομένας σφαγὰς, καὶ τὰ ἄλλα τὰ ἐν τοῖς πολέμοις γιγνόμενα.\n\nΚΕΦΑΛ. ΙΘʹ.\n\nΤαῦτα εἰπὼν, καὶ τὰ τούτοις παραπλήσια, κε λεύεται λαβεῖν βῖκον ὀστράκινον, καὶ ἐξελθεῖν εἰς τὸ πολυάνδριον, μετὰ τῶν ἱερέων καὶ τῶν τοῦ λαοῦ πρεσβυτέρων, καὶ ἀπειλῆσαι πάλιν τῇ πό λει τὸν ὄλεθρον, καὶ τῆς τῶν εἰδώλων ἀναμνῆσαι θεραπείας. Προεῖπε δὲ καὶ τὰ ἀπὸ τῆς πολιορκίας τεχθησόμενα κακὰ, καὶ τῶν ἀναγκαίων τὴν σπάνιν· καὶ μετὰ ταῦτα πάντα συντρίψαι τὸν βῖκον, καὶ εἰπεῖν· ιαʹ. Οὕτως συντρίψω τὸν λαὸν τοῦτον, καὶ τὴν πόλιν ταύτην· καθὼς συντρίβεται ἄγγος ὀστράκινον, ὃ οὐ δυνήσεται ἰαθῆναι ἔτι. Ἀπειλεῖ δὲ καὶ τῇ βασιλικῇ οἰκίᾳ τὴν κατάλυσιν, καὶ πάσῃ τῇ πόλει τὴν ἐρημίαν· ἐπειδήπερ οὐ μόνον δημοσίᾳ, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἐν αὐταῖς ταῖς οἰκίαις, σπονδὰς τοῖς εἰδώλοις καὶ θυσίας προσέφερον. Καὶ αὐτὸ δὲ τὸ τῶν εἰδώλων χωρίον ταφὴ τῶν ἀνῃρημένων γενήσεται. \"Θά ψουσι γὰρ ἐν τῷ Τωφὲθ, διὰ τὸ μὴ ὑπάρχειν ποῦ θάψαι.\" Διὰ δὲ τούτου τὸ πλῆθος τῶν ἀνῃρημένων ἐδήλωσεν. Ἐπανιόντι δὲ τῷ προφήτῃ πάλιν ἐκέλευσεν ὁ Δεσπότης ἐν τῇ καθιερωμένῃ αὐλῇ πᾶσι τὴν προφητείαν προσενεγκεῖν, καὶ προφητεῦσαι τῇ τε πόλει ἐκείνῃ, καὶ πάσαις ταῖς ὑπηκόοις πόλεσί τε καὶ κώμαις, τὴν ἐρημίαν.","english":"But the phrase \"Let us strike him with the tongue\" means \"Let us weave slander against him.\" Perceiving these things, the prophet entreats God to become his judge, and reminds him of the many intercessions he had often brought on their behalf. Then he frames his speech in the optative mood, and foretells the death that will come from famine, and the slaughters that will be brought about by the enemies, and the other things that happen in wars.\n\nCHAPTER 19.\n\nHaving said these things and things similar to them, he is commanded to take an earthenware jar and go out to the burial ground, with the priests and the elders of the people, and again to threaten the city with destruction, and to remind them of the worship of idols. He also foretold the evils that would be produced by the siege, and the scarcity of necessities; and after all these things, to shatter the jar and say: 11. Thus I will shatter this people and this city, just as an earthenware vessel is shattered, which can no longer be healed. He also threatens the royal house with overthrow, and the whole city with desolation, since they were offering libations and sacrifices to idols not only publicly but even in their own houses. And the very place of the idols will become a burial place of the slain. \"For they will bury in Topheth, because there is no place to bury.\" And by this he indicated the multitude of the slain. And when the prophet returned, the Master commanded him again to present the prophecy to all in the consecrated court, and to prophesy to that city, and to all the subject cities and villages, desolation.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":90,"ref":"p90","source":"ΚΕΦΑΛ. Κʹ.\n\nαʹ. Τοῦτον δὲ τὸν λόγον ὁ Πασχὼρ ἀκούσας, ἀρχιερεὺς δὲ οὗτος ἐτύγχανεν ὢν, οὐ μόνον ᾐκίσατο τὸν προφήτην, ἀλλὰ καὶ καθεῖρξεν. βʹ. Ἐπάταξε γὰρ, φησὶ, Πασχὼρ τὸν προφήτην Ἱερεμίαν, καὶ ἐνέβαλεν αὐτὸν εἰς τὸν καταράκτην. Ὑπόγειον δέ τινα τόπον λέγει· πολλὰ δὲ τοιαῦτα εἶχεν οἰκήματα ὁ ὑπὸ Σολομῶντος οἰκοδο μηθεὶς νεώς. Ἐξαγαγὼν δὲ αὐτὸν τῇ ὑστέρᾳ, ἤκουσεν αὐτοῦ πάλιν λέγοντος· \"Οὐχὶ Πασχὼρ Κύριος ἐκάλεσε τὸ ὄνομά σου, ἀλλ' ἢ μέτοικον κυκλόθεν.\" Οὐ μόνον δὲ αὐτὸν, ἀλλὰ καὶ τοὺς φίλους αὐτοῦ δορυαλώτους γενήσεσθαι λέγει, καὶ μετὰ τὴν αἰχμαλωσίαν ἀναιρεθήσεσθαι. Καὶ μέντοι καὶ πάντα τὸν λαὸν τῷ Ναβουχοδονόσορ ἀπειλεῖ παραδώσειν. Ταῦτα τοίνυν διὰ πλειόνων εἰρηκὼς ὁ προφήτης, δυσχεραίνει τὰς κατ' αὐτοῦ συνεχῶς γιγνομένας ἐπαναστάσεις, καὶ τῇ τοῦ συνειδότος θαῤ ῥῶν καθαρότητι, παῤῥησίᾳ χρᾶται πρὸς τὸν Δε σπότην, καί φησιν· ζʹ. Ἠπάτησάς με, Κύριε, καὶ ἠπατήθην ἐκράτησάς με, καὶ ἠδυνήθης. Ἔφυγον, φησὶ, τὴν προφητείαν, εἶπα εἶναι νεώτερος, καὶ","english":"CHAPTER 20\n\n1. When Pashhur heard this word—and he happened to be the chief priest—he not only maltreated the prophet but also imprisoned him. 2. For it says, Pashhur struck the prophet Jeremiah and cast him into the cataract. By this he means a certain underground place; and the temple built by Solomon had many such chambers. But bringing him out on the next day, he heard him again saying: \"Did not the Lord call your name Pashhur, but rather a sojourner round about?\" And he says that not only he but also his friends shall be taken captive as spoils of war, and shall be put to death after the captivity. And indeed he threatens that all the people shall be handed over to Nebuchadnezzar. Having said these things at greater length, then, the prophet is vexed at the insurrections continually raised against him, and, confident in the purity of his conscience, he uses boldness toward the Master, and says: 7. You deceived me, O Lord, and I was deceived; you prevailed, and you were stronger. I fled, he says, from the prophecy; I said I was too young, and","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":91,"ref":"p91","source":"μὴ ἀρ κεῖν εἰς τήνδε τὴν ὑπουργίαν, καὶ ὑπέσχου κρείττονά με ποιήσειν τῶν πολεμούντων, καὶ τείχει χαλκῷ καὶ στύλῳ σιδηρῷ παραπλήσιον δείξειν· καὶ νῦν γέγονα καταγέλαστος· τοῦτο γὰρ λέγει· \"Ἐγενό μην εἰς γέλωτα πᾶσαν ἡμέραν· διετέλεσα μυκτηρι ζόμενος.\" ηʹ. Ὅτι πικρῷ λόγῳ μου γελάσομαι, ἀθεσίαν καὶ ταλαιπωρίαν ἐπικαλέσομαι, ὅτι ἐγένετο ὁ λόγος Κυρίου ἐμοὶ εἰς ὀνειδισμὸν καὶ εἰς χλευασμὸν πᾶσαν ἡμέραν. Δάκνουσι τὸν προφήτην, οὐχὶ αἱ εἰς αὐτὸν γιγνόμεναι ταλαιπωρίαι τε καὶ αἰκίαι, ἀλλ' αἱ κατὰ τῶν θείων λογίων τολμώμεναι κωμῳδίαι. θʹ. Καὶ εἶπον· Οὐ μὴ ὀνομάσω τὸ ὄνομα Κυρίου, καὶ οὐ μὴ λαλήσω ἐπὶ τῷ ὀνόματι αὐτοῦ. Ἀντὶ τοῦ, οὐ μὴ προφητεύσω, οὐδ' οὐ μὴ προσενέγκω τοῖς ἀπειθοῦσι τοῦ Θεοῦ τὴν πρόῤῥησιν. \"Καὶ ἐγένετο ἐν τῇ καρδίᾳ μου, ὡς πῦρ καιόμενον, καὶ φλεγόμενον, καὶ συνεχόμενον ἐν τοῖς ὀστέοις μου, καὶ παρεῖμαι πάντοθεν, καὶ οὐ δύναμαι φέρειν.\" Τοῦτο καὶ ὁ θεῖος ὑπέμεινε Παῦλος ἐν ταῖς Ἀθήναις ἡνίκα ἐσιώπα· \"Συνείχετο γὰρ, φησὶ, τὸ πνεῦμα τοῦ Παύλου θεωροῦντος κατείδωλον οὖσαν τὴν πόλιν.\" Τοῦτο πάσχει καὶ ὁ προφήτης· ἡ γὰρ προφητικὴ χάρις συνεῖχεν αὐτὸν φθέγξασθαι μὴ βουλόμενον. Εἶτα διηγεῖται ὅπως οὐ μόνον ἐταλαιπωροῦντο αὐ τὸν καὶ ᾐκίζοντο· ἀλλὰ καὶ ἑτέραν ἐπιβουλὴν ἐκάτ τυον, ἐξαπατῆσαι αὐτὸν, καὶ ἀποστῆσαι πειρώμενοι τοῦ Θεοῦ. Εἶπον γὰρ, φησίν· \"Ἐπισυστῶμεν αὐτῷ πάντες ἄνδρες φίλοι αὐτοῦ, τηρήσατε τὴν ἐπίνοιαν αὐτοῦ, εἰ ἀπατηθήσεται, καὶ δυνησόμεθα αὐτῷ, καὶ ληψόμεθα τὴν ἐκδίκησιν ἡμῶν ἐξ αὐτοῦ.\" Τίς ἂν ἀξίως θρηνήσειεν τῆς πονηρίας τὰς ἐπινοίας;","english":"Was it not enough for this service, that you also promised to make me stronger than those who war against me, and to show me like a bronze wall and an iron pillar? And now I have become a laughingstock; for this is what he says: \"I became a laughingstock every day; I continued being mocked.\" 8. For with a bitter word I will laugh, I will call upon faithlessness and misery, because the word of the Lord became to me a reproach and a derision every day. What stings the prophet is not the miseries and outrages done to him, but the mockeries dared against the divine oracles. 9. And I said: I will surely not name the name of the Lord, and I will surely not speak in his name. This means: I will surely not prophesy, nor will I surely bring the prediction to those who disobey God. \"And it became in my heart as a burning fire, and flaming, and confined in my bones, and I am exhausted on every side, and I cannot bear it.\" The divine Paul also endured this at Athens when he was silent; for, it says, the spirit of Paul was constrained as he observed that the city was full of idols. The prophet suffers this too; for the prophetic grace constrained him though he did not wish to speak. Then he recounts how not only were they maltreating and outraging him, but they were also devising another plot, trying to deceive him and to turn him away from God. For they said, he says: \"Let us all, his friends, rise up against him; watch his intent, whether he will be deceived, and we shall prevail against him, and we shall take our vengeance from him.\" Who could worthily lament the devices of their wickedness?","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":92,"ref":"p92","source":"Ὁ μέντοι προφήτης οὐχ ἑαυτῷ θαῤῥεῖ, ἀλλὰ τὴν θείαν ἐπικουρίαν ὑμνεῖ, καί φησι. ιαʹ. Κύριος μετ' ἐμοῦ καθὼς μαχητὴς ἰσχύ ων. Διδάσκει δὲ καὶ τῆς θείας ἐπικουρίας τὴν νίκην. \"Διὰ τοῦτο ἐδίωξαν, καὶ οὐκ ἠδυνήθησαν νικῆσαι· ᾐσχύνθησαν σφόδρα, ὅτι οὐκ ἠδυνήθησαν νοῆσαι ἀτιμίας αὑτῶν, αἳ δι' αἰῶνος οὐκ ἐπιλησθήσονται.\" Εἶτα αἰτεῖ πάλιν γενέσθαι κριτὴν τὸν Θεὸν, καὶ ἀπαιτῆσαι αὐτοὺς δίκας τῶν ἐπιχειρημάτων ἀξίας· ἀνιώμενος δὲ, καὶ λίαν ἀλγυνόμενος καὶ τὴν παροῦσαν δυσχεραίνων ζωὴν, πρῶτον ὑμνεῖ τὸν τῶν ὅλων Θεὸν, καὶ τηνικαῦτα ἐπαρᾶται τῇ τῶν μητρῴων ὠδίνων ἡμέρᾳ. ιγʹ. Ἄσατε γὰρ, φησὶ, τῷ Κυρίῳ, αἰνέσατε αὐτὸν, ὅτι ἐξείλετο ψυχὴν πένητος ἐκ χει ρὸς πονηρευομένων. Προτάττει τὸν ὕμνον, ἵνα πᾶσαν ἀφορμὴν βλασφημίας ἐκβάλῃ. Εἶτά φησιν· ιδʹ, ιεʹ. Ἐπικατάρατος ἡ ἡμέρα ἐν ᾗ ἐτέχθην ἐν αὐτῇ· ἡ ἡμέρα ἐν ᾗ ἔτεκέ με ἡ μήτηρ μου. Καὶ ἐπικατάρατος ὁ ἄνθρωπος, ὁ εὐαγγελισάμενος τῷ πατρί μου λέγων· Ἐτέχθη σοι υἱὸς ἄρσην· μὴ εὐφραινόμενος ἔστω. Εἰώθασιν οἱ ἄνθρωποι, λίαν ὀδυρόμενοι, τῶν παρισταμένων ἐπιλαμβάνεσθαι, καὶ ταῖς χερσὶν ἀποθλίβειν· ἔστι δὲ ὅτε καὶ προσαράσσειν τὰς χεῖρας, τῆς ὀδύνης ἀναγκαζούσης· τοῦτο πέπονθε καὶ ὁ προφή της. Ἐκ γὰρ τῆς ὑπερβαλλούσης ὀδύνης τῆς ἡμέρας ἐπελάβετο, χρήματος ἀνυποστάτου, καὶ τοῦ τῷ πατρὶ τὸν τόκον μηνύσαντος. Καὶ οὐδὲ ἴδιός τις ἦν οὗτος· εἰκὸς δὲ μηδὲ μηνύσαι τινά. Προστίθησι δὲ, ὅτι καὶ ἄμεινον ἦν μοι ἐν τῇ μήτρᾳ τελευτῆσαι, καὶ νεκρὸν προελθεῖν, ἢ ταῖς παντοδαπαῖς ταύταις περιπεσεῖν συμφοραῖς. ΚΕΦΑΛ. ΚΑʹ.","english":"The prophet, however, does not trust in himself, but sings of the divine assistance, and says: 11. The Lord is with me as a mighty warrior. And he teaches also the victory that comes from divine assistance: \"Therefore they persecuted, and could not prevail; they were greatly ashamed, because they could not perceive their own dishonor, which shall not be forgotten throughout eternity.\" Then he asks again that God become judge, and exact from them penalties worthy of their undertakings; and being grieved, and greatly pained, and displeased with the present life, he first sings of the God of all things, and then curses the day of his mother's pangs. 13. For sing, he says, to the Lord, praise him, because he has delivered the soul of the poor from the hand of the wicked. He places the hymn first, in order to cast out every occasion for blasphemy. Then he says: 14, 15. Cursed be the day on which I was born; the day on which my mother bore me. And cursed be the man who brought good tidings to my father, saying: A male son has been born to you; let him not be glad. Men are accustomed, when they grieve exceedingly, to lay hold of those standing by, and to squeeze them with their hands; and sometimes also to dash their hands against them, since the pain compels it; this the prophet also has suffered. For out of the exceeding pain he laid hold of the day, a thing that has no substance, and of him who announced the birth to the father. And this was not even a particular person; and it is likely that no one even announced it. And he adds that it would have been better for me to die in my mother's womb, and to come forth dead, than to fall into these manifold calamities. CHAPTER 21.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":93,"ref":"p93","source":"αʹ. Ὁ λόγος ὁ γενόμενος πρὸς Ἱερεμίαν παρὰ Κυρίου, ὅτε ἀπέστειλε πρὸς αὐτὸν Σεδεκίας ὁ βασιλεὺς τὸν Πασχὼρ υἱὸν Μελχίου, καὶ τὸν Σοφονίαν υἱὸν Βαασαίου τὸν ἱερέα. Ἕτερος οὗτος Πασχώρ· Μελχίου γὰρ οὗτος· ὁ δὲ κατηγορηθεὶς, Ἐμμὴρ υἱός. Εἰδέναι μέντοι χρὴ, ὡς οὐ κατὰ τάξιν κεῖνται αἱ προφητεῖαι· ἐνταῦθα γὰρ τὰ ἐπὶ Σεδεκίου προφητεύει· μετ' ὀλίγον δὲ, τὰ ἐπὶ Ἰωακεὶμ καὶ τοῦ Ἰεχονίου, οἳ πρὸ τοῦ Σεδεκίου ἐβασίλευσαν· ὁ μέντοι Σεδεκίας, ὑπὸ τοῦ Ναβουχοδονόσορ πολιορκούμενος,\n\nπαρακαλεῖ τὸν προφήτην αἰτῆσαι τοῦ Θεοῦ τὴν βοήθειαν· ὁ δὲ προφήτης θεσπίσαι κελεύεται ταῦτα· δʹ, εʹ. Τάδε λέγει Κύριος ὁ Θεὸς Ἰσραήλ· Ἰδοὺ ἐγὼ ἀποστρέφω τὰ ὅπλα τὰ πολεμικὰ ἐν ταῖς χερσὶν ὑμῶν, ἐν αἷς ὑμεῖς πολεμήσετε τὸν βασιλέα Βαβυλῶνος, καὶ τοὺς Χαλδαίους, τοὺς συγκεκλεικότας ὑμᾶς ἔξωθεν τοῦ τείχους· καὶ εἰσάξω αὐτοὺς εἰς τὸ μέσον τῆς πόλεως ταύ της. Καὶ πολεμήσω ὑμᾶς ἐγὼ ἐν χειρὶ ἐκτεταμένῃ, καὶ ἐν βραχίονι ὑψηλῷ, μετὰ θυμοῦ καὶ ὀργῆς καὶ παροξυσμοῦ μεγάλου. Ἀνόνητα, φησὶν, ὑμῖν ἔσται τὰ ὅπλα, ἐμοῦ στρατηγοῦντος τῶν πολεμίων, καὶ μετ' ἐκείνων καθ' ὑμῶν παραταττομένου. Εἶτα λέγει, ὡς ἅπαντα παραδώσει λιμῷ καὶ θανάτῳ, καὶ αἰχμαλωσίᾳ, καὶ μετὰ τούτων αὐτὸν τὸν βασιλέα Σεδεκίαν τοῖς πεζαιτέροις καὶ δορυφόροις, καὶ τοὺς μὲν κατασφάξουσι, τοὺς δὲ δορυαλώτους ἀπάξουσι· τῷ δέ γε λαῷ φάναι ταῦτα παρεγγυᾷ· ηʹ. Ἰδοὺ ἐγὼ δέδωκα πρὸ προσώπου ὑμῶν τὴν ὁδὸν τῆς ζωῆς, καὶ τὴν ὁδὸν τοῦ θανάτου. Εἶτα διδάσκει, ὡς ὁ ἐν τῇ πόλει μένων, καὶ τοῖς πολεμίοις ἀντιτασσόμενος, ὁδεύσει τὴν ὁδὸν τοῦ θανάτου·","english":"1. The word that came to Jeremiah from the Lord, when King Zedekiah sent to him Pashhur the son of Malchiah, and Zephaniah the son of Baasiah the priest. This is a different Pashhur; for this one was the son of Malchiah, whereas the one who was accused was the son of Immer. One must know, however, that the prophecies are not arranged in order; for here he prophesies the events under Zedekiah, but a little later the events under Jehoiakim and Jeconiah, who reigned before Zedekiah. Zedekiah, then, while besieged by Nebuchadnezzar, entreats the prophet to ask God for help; and the prophet is commanded to foretell these things: 4, 5. Thus says the Lord God of Israel: Behold, I am turning back the weapons of war in your hands, with which you will fight against the king of Babylon and the Chaldeans, who have shut you in from outside the wall; and I will bring them into the midst of this city. And I will fight against you with an outstretched hand and with an uplifted arm, with fury and anger and great provocation. Your weapons, he says, will be of no avail to you, since I am commanding the enemies and arraying myself with them against you. Then he says that he will deliver all things over to famine and death and captivity, and along with these Zedekiah the king himself to the foot-soldiers and spear-bearers, and they will slaughter some and lead others away as captives taken by the spear; and to the people he enjoins that these things be said: 8. Behold, I have set before your face the way of life and the way of death. Then he teaches that the one who remains in the city and arrays himself against the enemies will walk the way of death.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":94,"ref":"p94","source":"ὁ δὲ πρὸς τούτους αὐτόμολος ἀπελθὼν, ζωῆς ἀπολαύσεται. Ταύτην γὰρ κατὰ τῆς πόλεως ἐξενή νοχα τὴν ψῆφον, ὥστε αὐτὴν τῷ τῶν πολεμίων παραδοθῆναι πυρί. Καὶ ταῦτα δὲ ἀπειλήσας παραινεῖ τῷ βασιλεῖ καὶ τοῖς ἄρχουσι, τοῦ δικαίου φροντίζειν, καὶ ἴσην ἐκφέρειν τοῦ δικαίου τὴν ψῆφον, καὶ τοῖς ἀδικουμένοις ἐπαμῦναι, καὶ τούτῳ τῷ τρόπῳ τὴν ἐπιφερομένην τιμωρίαν ἐπισχεῖν. ιγʹ. Ἰδοὺ ἐγὼ πρὸς σὲ τὸν κατοικοῦντα τὴν κοιλάδα Σὸρ τὴν πεδινὴν, φησὶ Κύριος· Ἀντὶ τοῦ, μεταξὺ ὀρῶν κειμένην ἐν κοίλῳ τόπῳ· οὕτω γὰρ καὶ ὁ Σύρος ἡρμήνευσε· λέγει δὲ τὴν Ἱε ρουσαλήμ· ταύτην γὰρ ἔχει τὴν θέσιν· Σὸρ δὲ συν οχὴ ἑρμηνεύεται, καὶ πάλιν πέτρα· συνέχεται δὲ ὑπὸ ὀρῶν ἥδε ἡ πόλις. \"Τοὺς λέγοντας· Τίς πατάξει ἡμᾶς; ἢ τίς ἐλεύσεται εἰς τὸ κατοικητήριον ἡμῶν;\" Τὴν θρασύτητα αὐτῶν, καὶ τὸ μάταιον θράσος διδάσκει. Εἶτα ἀπειλεῖ, πυρὶ καταφλέξειν αὐτῆς τὸν δρυ μόν. Δρυμὸν δὲ καλεῖ, καὶ τῶν οἰκημάτων, καὶ τῶν οἰκητόρων πλῆθος·\n\nΚΕΦΑΛΑΙΟΝ ΚΒ αʹ. Μετὰ ταῦτα κελεύει πάλιν τῷ προφήτῃ κατα λαβεῖν τὰ βασίλεια, καὶ εἰσηγήσασθαι αὐτῷ τε τῷ βασιλεῖ καὶ τοῖς ἄρχουσιν, ὥστε δικαίως δι κάζειν, καὶ ἀδέκαστον ἐκφέρειν τὴν ψῆφον, τῶν χη ρείαν ὀδυρομένων καὶ πατέρων ἐστερημένων προμη θεῖσθαι σπουδαίως, καὶ μιαιφονίας ἀπέχεσθαι, καὶ φεύγειν τὴν προτέραν ἀσέβειαν· καὶ ταῦτα ποιοῦσιν ὑπισχνεῖται εἰρήνην καὶ εὐπραξίαν καὶ τῇ βασιλείᾳ τὸ διαρκές. εʹ. Ἐὰν δὲ μὴ ποιήσητε σὺν τοῖς λόγοις τούτοις, κατ' ἐμαυτοῦ ὤμοσα, λέγει Κύριος, ὅτι εἰς ἔρημον ἔσται ὁ οἶκος οὗτος. Τὸν ὅρκον εἰς βεβαίωσιν τῶν εἰρημένων προστέθεικε·","english":"But the deserter who goes over to them will enjoy his life. For he pronounced this sentence against the city, that it be delivered to the fire of the enemies. And after threatening these things, he exhorts the king and the rulers to take thought for justice, and to render an equal verdict of justice, and to come to the aid of those who are wronged, and in this way to check the punishment being brought upon them. 13. Behold, I am against you, the one who dwells in the valley of Sor, the plain, says the Lord. Instead of: lying between mountains in a hollow place; for thus the Syrian also interpreted it; and he means Jerusalem; for it has this position; and Sor is interpreted as \"enclosure,\" and again as \"rock\"; and this city is enclosed by mountains. \"Those who say: Who will strike us? Or who will come into our dwelling place?\" He teaches their audacity and their vain boldness. Then he threatens that he will burn up its thicket with fire. And he calls the multitude of the dwellings and of the inhabitants a thicket.\n\nCHAPTER 22. 1. After these things he commands the prophet again to go down to the palace, and to suggest to the king himself and to the rulers that they judge righteously, and render an undefiled verdict, and earnestly take thought for widows who lament and for those deprived of fathers, and abstain from bloodshed, and flee their former impiety; and to those who do these things he promises peace and prosperity and permanence for the kingdom. 5. But if you do not do these things with these words, I have sworn by myself, says the Lord, that this house shall become a desert. He has added the oath for the confirmation of what has been said.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":95,"ref":"p95","source":"τὸ δὲ, \"Κατ' ἐμαυτοῦ ὤμοσα,\" δείκνυσι τὸ τοῦ ὀμόσαντος ἀνυπέρβλητον· καὶ γὰρ ὁ θεῖος Ἀπόστολός φησιν· \"Ἐπειδὴ κατ' οὐδενὸς ἄλλου μείζονος εἶχεν ὀμόσαι, εἶπε, Κατ' ἐμαυτοῦ ὤμοσα, λέγει Κύριος.\" Προστίθησι δὲ καὶ ταῦτα τῇ ἀπειλῇ· ϛʹ. Τάδε λέγει Κύριος κατὰ τοῦ οἴκου τοῦ βασι λέως Ἰούδα· Γαλαὰδ, σύ μοι ἀρχὴ τοῦ Λιβάνου. Λίβανον τὴν Ἱερουσαλὴμ καλεῖ· Γαλαὰδ δὲ τὰ ἐν ταύτῃ βασίλεια. Ἔστι δὲ χωρίον ἐν τῷ Λιβάνῳ οὕτω ὀνομαζόμενον· ἔστι δὲ καὶ ἑτέρα Γαλαὰδ τῆς Ἰσραηλίτιδος γῆς· ἀλλ' ἡγοῦμαι νῦν τῇ ἐν τῇ Λιβάνῳ ἀπεικασθῆναι τὰ βασίλεια, διὰ τὴν ἐν αὐτοῖς τολμη θεῖσαν ἀσέβειαν· οὗ χάριν καὶ ἐρημίαν αὐτοῖς παντελῆ ἀπειλεῖ. ζʹ. Ἁγιάσω γὰρ, φησὶν, ἐπὶ σὲ ὀλοθρεύοντας. Τὸ \"ἁγιάσω\" ἀντὶ τοῦ \"ἀφορίσω·\" τοῦτο γὰρ καὶ διὰ Ἡσαΐου λέγει, \"Ἡγιασμένοι εἰσὶ, καὶ ἐγὼ ἄγω αὐτοὺς,\" ἀντὶ τοῦ \"ἀφωρισμένοι·\" καὶ τὸν περὶ τούτου λόγον ἐν τῇ τοῦ θείου Ἡσαΐου ἑρμη νείᾳ διὰ πλειόνων τεθείκαμεν. \"Ἄνδρα καὶ τὸν πέλεκυν αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἐκκόψουσι τὰς ἐκλεκτὰς κέδρους σου, καὶ ἐμβαλοῦσιν εἰς τὸ πῦρ.\"","english":"But the phrase \"I have sworn by myself\" shows the oath-taker's incomparability; for the divine Apostle also says: \"Since he had no one greater by whom to swear, he said, I have sworn by myself, says the Lord.\" And he adds these things to the threat as well: 6. Thus says the Lord against the house of the king of Judah: Gilead, you are to me the beginning of Lebanon. He calls Jerusalem Lebanon, and Gilead the palace within it. There is also a place in Lebanon so named; and there is another Gilead in the land of Israel; but I think that now the palace is likened to the one in Lebanon, because of the impiety that was dared in them; for which reason he threatens them with utter desolation. 7. For I will sanctify, he says, destroyers against you. \"I will sanctify\" is used in place of \"I will set apart\"; for he says this also through Isaiah: \"They are sanctified, and I lead them,\" in place of \"set apart\"; and I have set down the account concerning this at greater length in the interpretation of the divine Isaiah. \"A man and his axe, and they shall cut down your choice cedars, and cast them into the fire.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":96,"ref":"p96","source":"Ἐπεὶ τοῦ Λιβά νου ἐμνημόνευσεν, ἐπέμεινε τῇ τροπῇ· κέδρους δὲ καλεῖ τοὺς ἄρχοντας, τοὺς ἐπὶ ῥώμῃ μέγα φρονοῦντας. Εἶτα προλέγει τῆς πόλεως τὴν ἐρημίαν, καὶ ὅτι θαυμάσονται οἱ ὁρῶντες, καὶ πυνθανόμενοι τῶν κα κῶν τὴν αἰτίαν, μαθήσονται τῶν οἰκητόρων τὴν πονηρίαν, καὶ ὅτι δι' ἐκείνους ἡ πόλις ταύτην παρὰ τοῦ Θεοῦ τὴν ψῆφον ἐδέξατο. Παρακελεύεται δὲ μὴ θρηνεῖν τὸν τεθνηκότα, ἀλλὰ τὸν ζῶντα, ὡς μετ οικιζόμενον, καὶ πικρᾷ δουλείᾳ παραδιδόμενον. ιαʹ, ιβʹ. Τάδε λέγει Κύριος ἐπὶ Σεελὴμ, υἱὸν Ἰωσίου βασιλέως Ἰούδα, τὸν βασιλεύσαντα ἀντὶ Ἰωσίου τοῦ πατρὸς αὑτοῦ. Ἐξῆλθεν ἐκ τοῦ τόπου τούτου. Οὐκ ἀναστρέψει οὐκέτι· ἐν τῷ τόπῳ οὗ μετῴκισαν αὐτὸν, ἐκεῖ ἀποθανεῖ ται, καὶ τὴν γῆν ταύτην οὐκ ὄψεται ἔτι. Σεελὴμ, οὐχ ὥς τινες ὑπέλαβον, τὸν Ἰωακεὶμ λέγει, ἀλλὰ τὸν Ἰωάχαζ. Οὗτος γὰρ ἐβασίλευσεν ἀντὶ Ἰω-σίου τοῦ πατρὸς αὑτοῦ· τοῦτον καὶ εἰς Αἴγυπτον δορυάλωτον ἐπήγαγεν ὁ Φαραὼ Νεχαώ· ὁ γὰρ Ἰωακεὶμ ἐν τῇ Ἱερουσαλὴμ κατεσφάγη· καὶ τοῦτο ἡμᾶς αὐτὸς οὗτος ὁ προφήτης διδάσκει, καὶ τῶν Βασιλειῶν ἡ τετάρτη, καὶ ἡ τῶν Παραλειπομένων δευτέρα. ιγʹ. Ὡς ὁ οἰκοδομῶν τὸν οἶκον αὑτοῦ οὐ μετὰ δικαιοσύνης, καὶ τὰ ὑπερῷα αὑτοῦ οὐκ ἐν κρί ματι. Οὐ τὸ οἰκοδομεῖν αἰτιᾶται, ἀλλὰ τὸ ἀδίκως οἰκοδομεῖν· διδάσκει γὰρ τοῦτο καὶ τὰ ἑξῆς. \"Παρ' αὐτῷ ὁ πλησίον αὐτοῦ ἐργάζεται δωρεὰν, καὶ τὸν μισθὸν αὐτοῦ οὐ μὴ ἀποδώσει αὐτῷ.\" ιδʹ. Ὠκοδόμησας σεαυτῷ οἶκον σύμμετρον. Τὸ σύμμετρον οὐκ ἐπὶ τοῦ μικροῦ τέθεικεν, ἀλλ' ἐπὶ τοῦ τὴν ἀναλογίαν ἔχοντος μήκους τε καὶ εὔρους καὶ ὕψους·","english":"Since he mentioned Lebanon, he continued with the figurative expression; and he calls the rulers \"cedars,\" those who pride themselves on their strength. Then he foretells the desolation of the city, and that those who see it will marvel, and when they inquire into the cause of the calamities, they will learn of the wickedness of the inhabitants, and that because of them the city received this sentence from God. And he urges them not to lament the dead, but the living, as one being deported and handed over to bitter slavery. 11, 12. Thus says the Lord concerning Shallum, son of Josiah king of Judah, who reigned instead of Josiah his father. He went out from this place. He will not return any more; in the place where they deported him, there he will die, and he will see this land no more. Shallum—not, as some have supposed, Jehoiakim, but Jehoahaz. For this one reigned instead of Josiah his father; and Pharaoh Necho led him captive to Egypt; for Jehoiakim was slaughtered in Jerusalem; and the prophet himself teaches us this, as does the fourth book of Kingdoms, and the second of Chronicles. 13. As one who builds his house without righteousness, and his upper rooms without judgment. He does not blame the building, but the building unjustly; for he teaches this also in what follows: \"With him his neighbor works for nothing, and he will not give him his wages.\" 14. You built yourself a house of proper measure. He has not used \"proper measure\" of something small, but of that which has the proportion of length and breadth and height.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":97,"ref":"p97","source":"ὅτι γὰρ μέγεθος τῇ οἰκίᾳ μαρ τυρεῖ, δηλοῖ τὰ ἐπαγόμενα· \"Ὑπερῷα εὐρύχωρα, διεσταλμένα θυρίσι, καὶ ἐξυλωμένα ἐν κέδρῳ, καὶ κεχρισμένα ἐν μίλτῳ.\" ιεʹ. Μὴ βασιλεύσεις, ὅτι σὺ ἁμιλλᾶσαι πρὸς τὴν κέδρον; Κέδρον τὸν Ἰωσίαν ἐκάλεσεν, ἐσχηκότα τῆς βασιλείας τὸ διαρκές· ἐπιμέμφεται δὲ τῷ Σεελὴμ, ὃς καὶ Ἰωάχαζ ὀνομάζεται, ὅτι τὸ μὲν ὕψος ἐμιμεῖτο τῆς κέδρου, τὸ δὲ ἄσηπτον αὐτῆς οὐκ ἐζήλωσεν, ἀλλ' ἐπὶ τῇ βασιλείᾳ κατεφρόνησε· καὶ διδάσκων, ὡς ὁ Θεὸς οὐ τῇ οἰκοδομίᾳ ἐπιμέμφεται, ἀλλὰ τῇ ἀσεβείᾳ, ἐπήγαγεν· \"Ὁ πατήρ σου μὴ οὐχὶ ἔφαγε, καὶ ἔπιε, καὶ ἐποίησε κρῖμα καὶ δικαιοσύνην, τότε ἀγαθὸν ἦν αὐτῷ;\" ιϛʹ. Ἔκρινε κρίσιν ταπεινοῦ καὶ πένητος, καὶ καλῶς ἦν αὐτῷ τότε· μὴ οὐ τοῦτό ἐστι τὸ εἰ δέναι με; λέγει Κύριος. Τῷ εὐαγγελικῷ τοῦτο ἔοικε λόγῳ· \"Οὐ πᾶς ὁ λέγων μοι, Κύριε, Κύριε, εἰσελεύσεται εἰς τὴν βασιλείαν τοῦ Θεοῦ, ἀλλ' ὁ ποιῶν τὸ θέλημα τοῦ Πατρός μου τοῦ ἐν οὐρανοῖς.\" Τοῦτο γὰρ καὶ ἐνταῦθα ἔφη· ὅτι τὸ μισεῖν τὴν ἀδι κίαν, καὶ τοῖς ἀδικουμένοις ἐπαμύνειν, τεκμήριόν ἐστι τοῦ εἰδέναι με τὸν ταῦτα ποιοῦντα. ιζʹ. Σοῦ γὰρ ἰδοὺ οὐκ εἰσὶν οἱ ὀφθαλμοὶ ὀρθοὶ, οὐδὲ ἡ καρδία καλή. Εἶτα κατηγορεῖ τῆς πλεονεξίας αὐτοῦ, καὶ τῆς μιαιφονίας· πρὸς δέ γε τούτοις καὶ τῆς συκοφαντίας, δι' ἧς καὶ τοὺς φόνους εἰργάζετο. ιηʹ. Διὰ τοῦτο τάδε λέγει Κύριος ἐπὶ Ἰωακεὶμ, υἱὸν Ἰωσίου βασιλέως Ἰούδα. Ἐνταῦθα κατὰ τάξινἡ προφητεία κεῖται· μετὰ γὰρ δὴ τὸν Ἰωάχαζ, Ἰωακεὶμ ἐβασίλευσεν, υἱὸς ὢν καὶ αὐτὸς Ἰωσίου τοῦ βασιλέως· προλέγει δὲ καὶ τούτου τὸν ὄλεθρον. \"Οὐ μὴ κόψωνται αὐτὸν, Οἴμοι κύριε, καὶ, Οἴμοι ἀδελφέ·","english":"For the greatness of the house is testified by what follows: \"Spacious upper rooms, with windows set apart, and paneled with cedar, and painted with vermilion.\" 15. Will you reign because you rival the cedar? He called Josiah a cedar, since he possessed the enduring strength of kingship; but he reproaches Shallum, who is also named Jehoahaz, because he imitated the height of the cedar but did not emulate its incorruptibility, but rather despised his kingdom; and teaching that God does not reproach the building but the impiety, he added: \"Did not your father eat and drink, and do judgment and justice, and then it was well with him?\" 16. He judged the cause of the humble and the poor, and then it was well with him; is not this to know me? says the Lord. This resembles the Gospel saying: \"Not everyone who says to me, Lord, Lord, will enter the kingdom of God, but the one who does the will of my Father who is in heaven.\" For he said this here too: that to hate injustice and to defend those who are wronged is proof of knowing me for the one who does these things. 17. For behold, your eyes are not upright, nor is your heart good. Then he accuses him of greed and of murder; and in addition to these, of slander, through which he also carried out murders. 18. Therefore thus says the Lord concerning Jehoiakim, son of Josiah, king of Judah. Here the prophecy is set down in order; for after Jehoahaz, Jehoiakim reigned, being himself also a son of Josiah the king; and he foretells his destruction as well. \"They will not lament for him, 'Alas, lord,' and, 'Alas, brother,","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":98,"ref":"p98","source":"οὐδὲ μὴ κλαύσωνται αὐτὸν, Ὦ ἀδελφέ· Οἴμοι ἀδελφέ.\" ιθʹ. Ταφὴν οὐ ταφήσεται, σηψησθεὶς ὡς κοπρία ῥιφήσεται ἐπέκεινα τῆς πύλης Ἱερουσαλήμ. Καὶ ἐντεῦθεν δῆλον, ὡς Σεελὴμ οὐκ ἔστιν Ἰωακείμ· περὶ ἐκείνου γὰρ ἔφη, ὅτι \"Ταύτην τὴν γῆν οὐκ ὄψεται, ἀλλ' ἐν τῇ μετοικίᾳ τεθνήξεται.\" Περὶ δὲ τούτου, ὅτι \"Τοῖς τεθνεῶσιν οἰωνοῖς παρα πλησίως ἔξω τῆς πύλης ῥιφήσεται.\" Σαφέστερον δὲ ταῦτα αἱ ἱστορίαι διδάσκουσιν. Εἶτα τῇ πόλει παρ εγγυᾷ, καὶ εἰς τὸν Λίβανον, καὶ τὴν Βασὰν (ὄρη δὲ ταῦτα), ὡσαύτως δὲ καὶ εἰς τὸ πέραν τῆς θαλάσσης δραμεῖν, καὶ βοῆσαι, καὶ τὰς οἰκείας ἀποδύρεσθαι συμφορὰς, ὅτι οὐδεμιᾶς παρὰ τῶν εἰδώλων ἐπικου ρίας ἀπήλαυσεν· ἐραστὰς γὰρ αὐτὰ καλεῖ. καʹ. Ἐλάλησα πρὸς σὲ ἐν τῇ παραπτώσει σου, καὶ εἶπας· Οὐκ ἀκούσομαι. Ἁμαρτανούσῃ γὰρ συνεβούλευον\n\nἀπαλλαγῆναι τῆς πλάνης, καὶ τὴν εἰσήγησιν οὐκ ἐδέχου. \"Αὕτη ἡ ὁδός σου ἐκ νεότητός σου, ὅτι οὐκ ἤκουσας τῆς φωνῆς μου.\" Ἄνωθεν καὶ ἐξ ἀρχῆς τῇ ἀπειθείᾳ ἐχρήσω. κβʹ. Πάντας τοὺς ποιμένας σου ποιμανεῖ ἄνεμος. Τούς τε πονηροὺς βασιλέας, καὶ τοὺς ψευδο προφήτας. \"Οἱ ἐρασταί σου ἐν αἰχμαλωσίᾳ πορεύ σονται.\" Καὶ αὐτὰ γὰρ τὰ εἴδωλα, ἀργυρᾶ ὄντα, ὡς εἰκὸς, καὶ χρυσᾶ, ἔλαβον οἱ πολέμιοι. \"Τότε αἰσχυνθήσῃ καὶ ἀτιμωθήσῃ ἀπὸ πάντων τῶν φι λούντων σε.\" Οὐ γὰρ τεύξῃ τῆς παρ' αὐτῶν ῥο πῆς. Εἶτα τῆς προτέρας αὐτοὺς εὐπραξίας ἀνα μιμνήσκει. κγʹ. Κατοικοῦσα ἐν τῷ Λιβάνῳ, ἐννοσσεύουσα ἐν ταῖς κέδροις. Ἀντὶ τοῦ, περιφανὴς οὖσα, καὶ περί βλεπτος, καὶ παρὰ πᾶσιν ἀοίδιμος.","english":"Nor shall they lament him, \"O brother! Alas, brother!\" 19. He shall not be buried; having rotted, he shall be cast out like dung beyond the gate of Jerusalem. And from this it is clear that Shelem is not Jehoiakim; for concerning that one he said, \"He shall not see this land, but shall die in the deportation.\" But concerning this one, that \"like dead birds he shall be cast out beyond the gate.\" Histories teach these things more clearly. Then he gives assurance to the city, and [tells it] to run to Lebanon and Bashan (these are mountains), and likewise to the region beyond the sea, and to cry out, and to bewail its own calamities, because it enjoyed no assistance from the idols; for he calls them lovers. 21. I spoke to you in your transgression, and you said, \"I will not hear.\" For I advised her when sinning to depart from error, and you did not accept the counsel. \"This is your way from your youth, because you did not hear my voice.\" From the beginning and from the start you practiced disobedience. 22. Wind shall shepherd all your shepherds. Both the wicked kings and the false prophets. \"Your lovers shall go into captivity.\" For the enemies took even the idols themselves, being silver, as is likely, and gold. \"Then you shall be ashamed and dishonored by all who love you.\" For you shall not obtain help from them. Then he reminds them of their former prosperity. 23. Dweller in Lebanon, nesting in the cedars. Instead of: being conspicuous, and notable, and celebrated by all.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":99,"ref":"p99","source":"\"Καταστενάξεις ἐν τῷ ἐλθεῖν σοι ὀδύνας ὡς τικτούσης.\" Ταῦτα συνάψας τῇ περὶ τοῦ Ἰωακεὶμ προφητείᾳ, προλέγει καὶ τῷ Ἰεχονίᾳ τὰ ὅμοια· αὐτὸς δὲ τοῦ Ἰωακεὶμ υἱὸς ἦν, τοῦ δὲ Ἰωσίου ἔγγονος· τρεῖς δὲ μόνους βασιλεύ σας μῆνας, αἰχμάλωτος ἀπήχθη μετὰ τῆς μητρὸς, καὶ ἐν Βαβυλῶνι τὸν βίον κατέλυσεν. κδʹ, κεʹ. Ζῶ ἐγὼ, λέγει Κύριος· ἐὰν γενόμενος γένηται Ἰεχονίας, υἱὸς Ἰωακεὶμ βασιλέως Ἰούδα,ἀποσφράγισμα ἐπὶ τῆς χειρός μου τῆς δεξιᾶς, ὅτι ἐκεῖθεν ἐκσπάσω σε. Καὶ παραδώσω σε εἰς χεῖρας τῶν ζητούντων τὴν ψυχήν σου, καὶ εἰς χεῖρας ὧν σὺ εὐλαβῇ ἀπὸ προσώπου αὐτῶν, ἐν χειρὶ Ναβουχοδονόσορ βασιλέως Βαβυλῶνος, καὶ ἐν χειρὶ τῶν Χαλδαίων. Ἐπειδὴ τὴν τῶν προγόνων εὐσέβειαν οὐ μιμούμενοι ἐπὶ τῇ ἐκείνων ἐσεμνύνοντο συγγενείᾳ, τὸν Ἀβραὰμ εἰς μέσον φέροντες, καὶ τὸν Ἰσαὰκ, καὶ τὸν Ἰσραὴλ, καὶ τὸν Δαβὶδ, καὶ τὸν Ἐζεκίαν, καὶ τὸν Ἰωσίαν, ἐπισήμους ἄνδρας ἐν ἀρετῇ, τού του χάριν ὁ τῶν ὅλων Θεὸς ἐκβάλλει τοῦ Ἰεχονίου τὸ θράσος, καί φησιν· Εἰ καὶ δακτύλιος γένοιτο, καὶ ἐπὶ τῆς δεξιᾶς μου τεθείη χειρὸς, ἐκεῖθεν αὐτὸν ἐκσπάσω, καὶ παραδώσω τοῖς πολεμίοις. Μὴ τοίνυν θαῤῥείτω τῇ τῶν προγόνων ἀρετῇ, τὴν ἐκείνων ἀρετὴν μὴ ζηλώσας. κϛʹ. Καὶ ἀποῤῥίψω σε, καὶ τὴν μητέρα σου, τὴν τεκοῦσάν σε, εἰς γῆν ἑτέραν, εἰς γῆν οὗ οὐκ ἐτέχθητε ἐκεῖ, καὶ ἐκεῖ ἀποθανεῖσθε. Προστέθεικε δὲ, ὡς οὐκ ἀναστρέψουσιν εἰς τὴν γῆν, ἧς ἐφίενται. Λέγει καὶ τὴν αἰτίαν τῆς τιμωρίας. \"Τὸ στόμα τὸ ἐξουδενωμένον καὶ ἐκτετιναγμένον ὁ ἀνὴρ οὗτος.\" Κουφότητα δὲ αὐτοῦ καὶ εὐκολίαν περὶ τοὺς παρανόμους λόγους κατηγορεῖ. κηʹ.","english":"You shall groan when pains come upon you like a woman in labor.\" Having joined these things to the prophecy concerning Jehoiakim, he foretells similar things also to Jeconiah. He was the son of Jehoiakim, and the grandson of Josiah; and having reigned only three months, he was led away captive with his mother, and ended his life in Babylon. 24, 25. As I live, says the Lord, even if Jeconiah, son of Jehoiakim king of Judah, become a seal upon my right hand, I will pluck you from there. And I will deliver you into the hands of those seeking your life, and into the hands of those whom you fear from before their face, into the hand of Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon, and into the hand of the Chaldeans. Since, not imitating the piety of their forefathers, they prided themselves on their kinship with them, bringing forward Abraham, and Isaac, and Israel, and David, and Hezekiah, and Josiah, men distinguished in virtue, for this reason the God of all casts out the boldness of Jeconiah, and says: Even if he should become a ring, and be placed on my right hand, I will pluck him from there, and deliver him to the enemies. Let him not, therefore, take courage in the virtue of his forefathers, since he did not emulate their virtue. 26. And I will cast you out, and your mother who bore you, into another land, into a land where you were not born, and there you shall die. And he has added that they shall not return to the land which they desire. He also states the cause of the punishment. \"This man is a despised and rejected vessel.\" He accuses him of levity and readiness regarding unlawful words. 28.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":100,"ref":"p100","source":"Καὶ ἠτιμώθη Ἰεχονίας, ὡς σκεῦος οὗ οὐκ ἔστιν αὐτοῦ χρεία. Διότι ἐξεῤῥίφη αὐτός τε καὶ τὸ σπέρμα αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἐξεβλήθη εἰς γῆν, ἣν οὐκ ᾔδει. Εἶτα ὡς τῶν λόγου μετειληφότων οὐκ ἀκουόντων, πρὸς τὴν γῆν τὴν ἄψυχον ποιεῖται τοὺς λόγους. κθʹ, λʹ. Γῆ, γῆ, γῆ, ἄκουε λόγον Κυρίου· τάδε λέγει Κύριος· Γράψον σὺ τὸν ἄνδρα τοῦτον, ἄν δρα ἐκκήρυκτον, ἄνθρωπον ἀνευόδωτον ἐν ταῖς ἡμέραις αὑτοῦ· ὅτι οὐ μὴ αὐξηθῇ ἐκ τοῦ σπέρματος αὐτοῦ ἀνὴρ καθήμενος ἐπὶ τοῦ θρόνου Δαβὶδ, ἄρχων ἐπὶ Ἰούδαν. Ἔδειξε τῆς Ἰουδαίων βασιλείας τὸ τέλος· καὶ ἀψευδὴς ὁ λόγος· μηδεὶς γὰρ τὸν Ζοροβάβελ εἰς μέσον φερέτω· οὐδὲ γὰρ οὗτος ἐβασίλευσε τοῦ λαοῦ· ἀλλὰ δημαγωγὸς ἦν καὶ στρατηγός· καὶ ὁ Κύριος δὲ τὸ κατὰ σάρκα γένος ἐκ τούτου κατάγων, οὐ τοῖς Δαβιτικοῖς ἐπεκάθισε θώκοις· ἀλλ' \"ἐπάνω πάσης ἀρχῆς, καὶ ἐξουσίας, καὶ κυριότητος, καὶ παντὸς ὀνόματος ὀνομαζομένου, οὐ μόνον ἐν τῷ αἰῶνι τούτῳ, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἐν τῷ μέλλοντι.\" Ἔχει τοίνυν τὸ ἀψευδὲς ἡ πρόῤῥησις. ΚΕΦΑΛΑΙΟΝ ΚΓʹ.","english":"And Jeconiah was dishonored, as a vessel for which there is no need. For he was cast out, both he and his seed, and was cast out into a land which he did not know. Then, since those who had received the words were not listening, he directs his words to the lifeless earth. 29, 30. Earth, earth, earth, hear the word of the Lord: thus says the Lord: Write this man down as a man cast out, a man who shall not prosper in his days; for no man of his seed shall succeed in sitting on the throne of David, ruling over Judah. He showed the end of the kingdom of the Jews; and the word is true; for let no one bring Zerubbabel into the middle; for neither did he reign over the people, but was a leader of the people and a general; and the Lord, deriving according to the flesh his lineage from him, did not sit on the Davidic thrones, but \"above all rule, and authority, and dominion, and every name that is named, not only in this age, but also in the one to come.\" The prophecy, then, possesses truthfulness. Chapter 23.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":101,"ref":"p101","source":"Ἐντεῦθεν κατηγορεῖ τῶν ποιμένων τούτων, αὐ τῶν τῶν βασιλέων, ὡς αἰτίων γενομένων τῆς τῶν προβάτων διασπορᾶς· καὶ αὐτοῖς μὲν τὸν ὄλεθρον ἀπειλεῖ, τοῖς δὲ προβάτοις ἀνάκλησιν. γʹ. Εἰσδέξομαι γὰρ, φησὶ, τοὺς καταλοίπους τοῦ λαοῦ ἀπὸ πάσης τῆς γῆς, ἧς ἔξωσα αὐ τοὺς ἐν τῇ νομῇ αὐτῶν, καὶ αὐξηθήσονται, καὶ πληθυνθήσονται. Ἐπαγγέλλεται δὲ καὶ τὰ μείζονα ἀγαθά. δʹ. Καὶ ἀναστήσω αὐτοῖς ποιμένας, οἳ ποιμα\n\nνοῦσιν αὐτοὺς, καὶ οὐ φοβηθήσονται ἔτι, οὐδὲ πτοηθήσονται, οὐδὲ διαφωνήσουσι, λέγει Κύριος. Ταῦτα τυπικῶς μὲν ἐπὶ τοῦ Ζοροβάβελ καὶ Ἰη σοῦ τοῦ Ἰωσεδὲκ ἐκβέβηκεν· οὐ μὴν πᾶσα ἡ προ φητεία· πολλοὶ γὰρ αὐτοῖς ἐπανέστησαν, καὶ οὐ μόνον οἱ γειτονεύοντες, ἀλλὰ καὶ Μακεδόνες ὕστερον, καὶ τὸ τελευταῖον Ῥωμαῖοι· ἡ δὲ πρόῤῥησις τὸ διαρκὲς τῆς χάριτος ἐπαγγέλλεται· οὐκοῦν δῆλον ὡς τὰ μὲν ἐπ' ἐκείνων ἐξέβη, τὰ δὲ ἐπὶ τῶν ἱερῶν ἀποστόλων. Οὗτοι γὰρ μόνοι ἔσχον τὴν τοῦ Πνεύματος δωρεάν. Μαρτυρεῖ δὲ τῇ διανοίᾳ καὶ τὰ ἐπαγόμενα. εʹ, ϛ. Ἰδοὺ ἡμέραι ἔρχονται, λέγει Κύριος, καὶ ἀναστήσω τῷ Δαβὶδ ἀνατολὴν δικαίαν, καὶ βασιλεύσει βασιλεὺς δίκαιος, καὶ συνήσει, καὶ ποιήσει κρῖμα καὶ δικαιοσύνην ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς. Ἐν ταῖς ἡμέραις αὐτοῦ σωθήσεται ἡ Ἰουδαία, καὶ Ἰσραὴλ κατασκηνώσει πεποιθώς· καὶ τοῦτο τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ, ὃ καλέσει Κύριος αὐτὸν, Ἰωσεδέκ· αὐτὸς ἐν τοῖς προφήταις. Ταῦτα οἱ ἐμβρόντητοι Ἰουδαῖοι εἰς τὸν Ζοροβάβελ ἕλκειν ἀναιδῶς ἐπι χειροῦσιν· ἔδει δὲ αὐτοὺς συνιδεῖν, ὅτι οὐ βασιλεὺς ἦν ἐκεῖνος, ἀλλὰ δημαγωγός· καὶ Ἰωσεδὲκ ἐκεῖνος οὐκ ἐκαλεῖτο· οὔτε μὴν ἡ ἑρμηνεία τῆς προσηγορίας πρόσφορος ἐκείνῳ·","english":"From this point he accuses these shepherds, these very kings, as being the cause of the scattering of the sheep; and to them he threatens destruction, but to the sheep a recall. 3. For I will receive, he says, the remnant of the people from all the land to which I drove them out in their pasture, and they shall increase and be multiplied. But he also promises greater goods. 4. And I will raise up for them shepherds who will shepherd them, and they shall no longer fear, nor be terrified, nor be at variance, says the Lord. These things came to pass typically in Zerubbabel and Joshua the son of Josedek; yet not the whole prophecy. For many rose up against them, and not only those nearby, but also the Macedonians afterward, and finally the Romans; but the prediction promises the enduring nature of the grace. It is clear, therefore, that some things came to pass in their case, but others in the case of the holy apostles. For these alone received the gift of the Spirit. The things that follow also bear witness to this meaning. 5, 6. Behold, the days are coming, says the Lord, and I will raise up for David a righteous branch, and a righteous king shall reign, and he shall understand, and shall execute judgment and righteousness on the earth. In his days Judah shall be saved, and Israel shall dwell in confidence; and this is his name, which the Lord shall call him, Josedek; he himself is among the prophets. These things the thunderstruck Jews shamelessly attempt to drag to Zerubbabel; but they ought to have understood that he was not a king, but a demagogue; and that he was not called Josedek; nor indeed is the interpretation of the name suitable to him.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":102,"ref":"p102","source":"δηλοῖ γὰρ τὸ ὄνομα, \"Κύριος δι καιοσύνη ἡμῶν,\" ἢ κατὰ τὴν τοῦ Σύρου ἑρμηνείαν, \"Κύριε δικαίωσον ἡμᾶς·\" οὐδὲν δὲ τούτων ἁρμόττει τῷ Ζοροβάβελ· ἐπειδὴ δὲ τύπος ἦν τοῦ Δεσπότου Χριστοῦ, καὶ τοὺς ἀπὸ Βαβυλῶνος αἰχμαλώτους ἐπαν ήγαγεν εἰς τὴν Ἰουδαίαν, καθάπερ ὁ Κύριος τοὺς ἐξανδραποδισθέντας ὑπὸ τοῦ διαβόλου πρὸς τὴν ἀλήθειαν μετέθηκε, τυπικῶς εἴ τις ἐκείνῳ προσαρμόσει ταῦτα, οὐδὲν ἀπεικὸς ποιήσει· εἰδέναι μέντοι χρὴ, ὡς ὁ Δεσπότης Ἰησοῦς Χριστὸς, ὁ ἐκ Δαβὶδ κατὰ σάρκα, \"Ἀνατολὴ δικαία,\" καὶ \"Βασιλεὺς δίκαιος,\" καὶ \"Κύριος δικαιοσύνης,\" ὑπὸ τῶν προφητῶν κηρύττεται. Ἐντεῦθεν μεταφέρει τὸν λόγον κατὰ τῶν τὰ ψευδῆ προαγορευόντων, καὶ μοιχοὺς ὀνομάζει τούτους, ὡς μοιχεύοντας, καὶ τὸν θεῖον διαφθείροντας λόγον. Καλεῖ δὲ αὐτοὺς καὶ αἰτίους τῆς τοῦ λαοῦ πο νηρίας· λέγει δὲ καὶ τοὺς ἱερέας κοινωνοὺς αὐτῶν γεγενῆσθαι τῆς ἀσεβείας. Προλέγει δὲ καὶ τὰ συμβησόμενα αὐτοῖς κακὰ, καὶ παραβάλλει αὐτοὺς τοῖς προφήταις τῆς Σαμαρείας, οἳ προφανῶς τῆς Βάαλ ἐκαλοῦντο προφῆται. Καὶ γὰρ οὗτοι, φησὶ, ψευδῶς ἐπαγγειλάμενοι τῷ λαῷ εἰρήνην, αἴτιοι ἐγένοντο τοῦ μὴ ἀποστραφῆναι ἕκαστον ἀπὸ τῆς ὁδοῦ αὑτοῦ τῆς πονηρᾶς, καὶ διὰ τούτους τὴν Σοδόμων καὶ Γομόῤῥων ἐμιμήσαντο πονηρίαν· οὗ δὴ χάριν· ιεʹ. Ἰδοὺ ἐγὼ ψωμίζω αὐτοὺς ὀδύνας, καὶ ποτίζω αὐτοὺς ὕδωρ πικρὸν, ὅτι ἀπὸ τῶν προφητῶν Ἱερουσαλὴμ ἐξῆλθε μολυσμὸς πάσῃ τῇ γῇ. Διὰ δὲ τούτων τὰς διαφόρους δεδήλωκε πᾶσι συμ φοράς. Παραινεῖ δὲ καὶ τῷ λαῷ μὴ δέχεσθαι τοὺς παρ' ἐκείνων προφερομένους λόγους. ιϛʹ, ιζʹ, ιηʹ.","english":"For the name makes it clear: \"The Lord our righteousness,\" or according to the interpretation of the Syrian, \"Lord, justify us.\" But none of these things fits Zerubbabel; yet since he was a type of the Master Christ, and led the captives from Babylon back into Judea, just as the Lord transferred those enslaved by the devil to the truth, if anyone applies these things to him in a typical sense, he will do nothing incongruous. One must know, however, that the Master Jesus Christ, who is from David according to the flesh, is proclaimed by the prophets as \"the righteous Branch,\" and \"the righteous King,\" and \"the Lord of righteousness.\" From this point he transfers his discourse against those who foretell false things, and he calls them adulterers, as adulterating and corrupting the divine word. He also calls them the causes of the people's wickedness; and he says that the priests have become partakers with them in impiety. He foretells also the evils that will befall them, and he compares them to the prophets of Samaria, who were openly called prophets of Baal. For these men, he says, having falsely promised peace to the people, were the cause of each one not turning back from his own evil way, and because of them they imitated the wickedness of Sodom and Gomorrah; for which reason: 15. Behold, I will feed them with pains, and give them bitter water to drink, because from the prophets of Jerusalem pollution has gone forth into all the earth. And through these words he has indicated the various calamities that will come upon all. He also exhorts the people not to accept the words uttered by them. 16, 17, 18.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":103,"ref":"p103","source":"Ἀπὸ καρδίας γὰρ αὑτῶν, φησὶ, λα λοῦσι, καὶ οὐκ ἀπὸ στόματος Κυρίου. Καὶ ὑπισχνοῦνται εἰρήνην, ἣν οὐκ ἐπηγγειλάμην ἐγώ. Πᾶσι τοῖς πορευομένοις τοῖς θελήμασιν αὑτῶν, καὶ παντὶ τῷ πορευομένῳ πλάνῃ καρδίας αὑτοῦ εἶπον, Οὐχ ἥξει ἐπὶ σὲ κακά. Ὅτι τίς ἔστη ἐν ὑποστήματι Κυρίου, καὶ εἶδε, καὶ ἤκουσεν αὐτοῦ τὸν λόγον; Τίς ἠνωτίσατο τὸν λόγον αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἤκουσε; Ταῦτα, φησὶ, λέγοντες παρα θαῤῥύνουσι τοὺς τῆς πονηρίας ἐργάτας, καὶ ἐπι μένειν τῇ παρανομίᾳ παρασκευάζουσι, καὶ τῶν προ φητικῶν λόγων ἐπαΐειν κωλύουσιν. ιθʹ. Ἰδοὺ σεισμὸς παρὰ Κυρίου, καὶ ὀργὴ ἐκπορεύεται, εἰς συσσεισμὸν στρεφομένη. Τὰ ἐπάλληλα διὰ τούτων σημαίνει κακὰ, καὶ ὅτι θεήλατα ταῦτα· αὐτὸς γὰρ ὑμῖν ἐπιφέρει τὰς τιμωρίας· εἶτα λέγει καὶ τοὺς πεισομένους· \"Ἐπὶ τοὺς ἀσεβεῖς ἥξει.\" κʹ. Οὐκ ἀποστρέψει ὁ θυμὸς Κυρίου, ἕως τοῦ ποιῆσαι αὐτὸν τὰ ἐγχειρήματα τῆς καρδίας αὑ τοῦ. Ἃ γὰρ προείρηκεν, εἰς πέρας ἥξει. \"Ἐπ' ἐσχάτων ἡμερῶν νοήσουσιν αὐτὰ νοήσει.\" Ὅταν ἴδωσι τὰ πράγματα, τῶν ῥημάτων ἀναμνησθήσονται. Εἶτα λέγει, ὡς οἱ τὰ ψευδῆ προφητεύοντες αὐτόματοι, καὶ μὴ κελευόμενοι, τοὺς ἐναντίους τῷ λαῷ προσ έφερον λόγους. κβʹ. Εἰ γὰρ","english":"For they speak from their own heart, he says, and not from the mouth of the Lord. And they promise peace, which I did not promise. To all who walk in their own wills, and to everyone who walks in the error of his own heart, I said, Evil shall not come upon you. For who has stood in the council of the Lord, and seen, and heard his word? Who has given ear to his word, and heard? By saying these things, he says, they embolden the workers of wickedness, and prepare them to remain in lawlessness, and prevent them from giving heed to the words of the prophets. 19. Behold, a shaking from the Lord, and wrath goes forth, turning into a commotion. By these things he signifies evils following one upon another, and that these are sent by God; for he himself brings the punishments upon you; then he also speaks of those who will suffer them: \"It shall come upon the ungodly.\" 20. The anger of the Lord will not turn back until he has performed the purposes of his heart. For what he has foretold will come to pass. \"In the last days they will understand it with understanding.\" When they see the events, they will remember the words. Then he says that those who prophesy falsely of their own accord, and without being commanded, brought words contrary to the people. 22. For if","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":104,"ref":"p104","source":"ἔστησαν, φησὶ, ἐν τῇ ὑποστάσει μου, καὶ ἤκουσαν τῶν λόγων μου, ἐδίδαξαν ἂν τὸν λαόν μου, καὶ ἀπέστρεφον αὐτοὺς ἀπὸ τῆς ὁδοῦ αὐτῶν τῆς πονηρᾶς, καὶ ἀπὸ τῶν πονη ρῶν ἐπιτηδευμάτων αὐτῶν. Ἐγὼ δὲ σαφῶς διὰ τοῦ νόμου ἀπηγόρευσα τῆς πονηρίας τὰ εἴδη· εἰ τοίνυν τοῖς ἐμοῖς εἵποντο λόγοις, κατηγόρησαν ἂν τῆς τοῦ λαοῦ παρανομίας, καὶ ἐπὶ τὴν ὁδὸν τὴν εὐθεῖαν ἐποδήγησαν. Διδάσκει δὲ αὐτοὺς, ὡς οὐδὲν ἀγνοεῖ τῶν κεκρυμμένων. κγʹ, κδʹ. Θεὸς γὰρ ἐγγίζων, φησὶν, εἰμὶ καὶ οὐχὶ Θεὸς πόῤῥωθεν. Εἰ κρυβήσεται ἄνθρωπος, κἀγὼ οὐκ ὄψομαι αὐτόν; λέγει Κύριος. Εἶτα δι δάσκει τὸ ἀπερίγραπτον. \"Μὴ οὐχὶ τὸν οὐρανὸν καὶ τὴν γῆν ἐγὼ πληρῶ; λέγει Κύριος.\" Εἰ τοίνυν παν ταχοῦ παρῶ, πῶς οἴονταί με οἱ ἄνθρωποι ἀγνοῆσαί τι τῶν γιγνομένων; Ἐπιτείνει δὲ πάλιν τὴν κατὰ τῶν ψευδοπροφητῶν κατηγορίαν, ὡς ἐνύπνια διηγουμένων, καὶ τὸν λαὸν ἐξαπατώντων, καὶ τὰ ὅμοια τοῖς τῆς Βάαλ προφήταις ποιεῖν τολμώντων. Εἶτα κελεύει γενέσθαι τὴν σύγκρισιν τοῦ τε προφήτου καὶ τοῦ ψευδοπροφήτου. κηʹ. Ὁ προφήτης, φησὶν, ἐν ᾧ τὸ ἐνύπνιόν ἐστι, διηγησάσθω τὸ ἐνύπνιον αὑτοῦ· καὶ ἐν ᾧ ὁ λόγος μου πρὸς αὐτὸν, διηγησάσθω τὸν λόγον μου ἐπ' ἀληθείας. Καὶ διδάσκει τροπικῶς τὸ διά φορον. \"Τί τὸ ἄχυρον πρὸς τὸν σῖτον; φησὶν ὁ Κύριος.\" κθʹ. Οὐχ οὕτως οἱ λόγοι μου, ὡς πῦρ, λέγει Κύριος; καὶ ὡς πέλυξ κόπτων πέτραν; Ἔδειξε διὰ τῶν παραβολῶν τοῦ θείου λόγου τὴν δύναμιν. Εἶτα τῶν ψευδοπροφητῶν διδάσκει τὴν διαφοράν· οἱ μὲν γὰρ οἷόν τινες, φησὶ, λωποδῦται κλέπτουσί τινας προφητικοὺς λόγους, καὶ τούτους ταῖς παρατροπαῖς διαφθείρουσιν·","english":"They stood, he says, in my substance, and heard my words; they would have taught my people, and would have turned them from their evil way, and from their evil practices. But I clearly forbade the forms of wickedness through the law; if, therefore, they had followed my words, they would have accused the people of their lawlessness, and would have guided them onto the straight way. And he teaches them that he knows nothing of hidden things. 23, 24. For God, he says, am I near at hand, and not a God far off. Will a man hide himself, and I shall not see him? says the Lord. Then he teaches what cannot be circumscribed. \"Do I not fill heaven and earth? says the Lord.\" If, therefore, I am present everywhere, how do men think that I am ignorant of anything that happens? And again he intensifies the accusation against the false prophets, as those who recount dreams, and deceive the people, and dare to do the same things as the prophets of Baal. Then he commands that the comparison of the prophet and the false prophet be made. 28. The prophet, he says, in whom the dream is, let him recount his dream; and he in whom my word is, let him recount my word in truth. And he teaches figuratively the difference. \"What is the chaff to the wheat? says the Lord.\" 29. Are not my words like fire, says the Lord? and like a hammer cutting a rock? He showed through the parables the power of the divine word. Then he teaches the difference of the false prophets; for some, he says, like robbers, steal certain prophetic words, and corrupt them by their perversions.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":105,"ref":"p105","source":"οἱ δὲ πλάττουσι προφητείαν ψευδῆ· οἱ δὲ ἐνύπνια, ἃ μὴ ἑωράκασι, διηγοῦνται καὶ δια φόρως τὸν τρισάθλιον ὑποβουκολοῦντες λαὸν, ἐπιμένειν τῇ πονηρίᾳ παρασκευάζουσιν. Ἔπειτα κελεύει τῷ προφήτῃ· λγʹ, λδʹ. Ἐὰν ἐρωτήσῃ ὁ λαὸς οὗτος, ἱερεὺς ἢ προφήτης, λέγων, Τί τὸ λῆμμα Κυρίου; ἐρεῖς αὐτοῖς· Ὑμεῖς ἐστε τὸ λῆμμα Κυρίου, καὶ ῥίψω ὑμᾶς, λέγει Κύριος. Καὶ ὁ προφήτης, καὶ ἱε ρεὺς, οἳ ἂν εἴπωσι Λῆμμα Κυρίου, ἐκδικήσω τὸν ἄνθρωπον, καὶ τὸν οἶκον αὐτοῦ. Ἐπιλήπτους ἐκάλουν τοὺς προφήτας οἱ δυσσεβεῖς, καὶ λῆμμα τὴν προφητείαν. Παρακελεύεται τοίνυν ὁ Θεὸς, τούτῳ τῷ προσρήματι μὴ κεχρῆσθαι, καὶ τοῖς μὴ πειθομένοις ἀπειλεῖ τιμωρίαν. Κελεύει δὲ αὐτοῖς οὕτω πυνθάνεσθαι, \"Τί ἀπεκρίθη Κύριος; Τί ἐλά λησε Κύριος;\" καὶ λῆμμα Κυρίου μὴ ὀνομάζειν ἔτι· τοῖς δὲ τὰ προστεταγμένα παραβαίνουσιν ἀπειλεῖ, λέγων· λθʹ, μʹ. Ἰδοὺ ἐγὼ λαμβάνω ὑμᾶς λήμματι, καὶ ῥίψω ὑμᾶς, καὶ τὴν πόλιν, ἣν ἔδωκα ὑμῖν καὶ τοῖς πατράσιν ὑμῶν, ἀπὸ προσώπου μου. Καὶ δώσω ἐφ' ὑμᾶς ὀνειδισμὸν αἰώνιον, καὶ ἀτιμίαν αἰωνίαν, ἥτις οὐκ ἐπιλησθήσεται. Τοῦτο δὲ προσ έταξεν ὁ Δεσπότης Θεὸς, καὶ τῆς δεισιδαιμονίας ἐκκό πτων τὰ ἔθη, καὶ διδάσκων, ὡς οὐ μεμήνασιν οἱ προ φῆται, ἀλλὰ τῶν θείων λογίων εἰσὶν ὑπουργοί· ἀπει λήσας δέ γε τὴν αἰχμαλωσίαν, ὑπισχνεῖται καὶ τὴν ἐπάνοδον, καὶ οὕτως αὐτὴν ἐπίσημον λέγει γενήσε σθαι, ὡς λήθῃ παραδοθῆναι τὴν ἔξοδον τὴν ἐξ Αἰγύπτου γεγενημένην, διὰ τὴν ταύτης λαμπρότητα.","english":"But others fabricate a false prophecy; others recount dreams that they have not seen, and by various means secretly influencing the thrice-wretched people, they cause them to persist in wickedness. Then he commands the prophet: [verses] 33, 34. If this people, a priest or a prophet, asks, saying, \"What is the burden of the Lord?\" you shall say to them: \"You are the burden of the Lord, and I will cast you away, says the Lord.\" And the prophet and the priest who say \"Burden of the Lord,\" I will punish that man and his house. The impious used to call the prophets epileptics, and the prophecy a burden. Therefore God exhorts them not to use this term, and he threatens punishment to those who do not obey. And he commands them to inquire thus: \"What did the Lord answer? What did the Lord speak?\" and no longer to name \"burden of the Lord\"; but to those who transgress the commands he threatens, saying: [verses] 39, 40. Behold, I take you up as a burden, and I will cast you away, and the city which I gave to you and to your fathers, from before my face. And I will give upon you everlasting reproach, and everlasting dishonor, which shall not be forgotten. This the Lord God commanded, both cutting out the customs of superstition and teaching that the prophets have not been mad, but are servants of the divine oracles; and having threatened captivity, he also promises the return, and says that it will be so notable that the exodus which took place from Egypt will be consigned to forgetfulness, because of its splendor.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":106,"ref":"p106","source":"Ἡμεῖς δὲ, παρακαλῶ, καὶ τοῖς προφητικοῖς, καὶ τοῖς ἀποστολικοῖς ἀκολουθήσωμεν λόγοις, καὶ τὸν δι' ἐκεί νων καὶ τούτων φθεγξάμενον προσκυνήσωμεν, καὶ τοὺς ζωοποιοὺς αὐτοῦ φυλάξωμεν νόμους· ἵνα τῶν ἐπηγγελμένων ἀπολαύσωμεν ἀγαθῶν, χάριτι καὶ φιλανθρωπίᾳ τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, μεθ' οὗ τῷ Πατρὶ ἡ δόξα, σὺν τῷ παναγίῳ Πνεύματι, νῦν καὶ ἀεὶ, καὶ εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας τῶν αἰώνων. Ἀμήν. ΤΟΜΟΣ ςϛʹ.\n\nΚΕΦΑΛΑΙΟΝ ΚΔʹ.\n\nΠάλιν διὰ παραβολῶν καὶ συμβόλων ποιεῖται τὴν προφητείαν· καὶ ὁρᾷ κατά τινα ἀποκάλυψιν δύο καλάθους σύκων κειμένους πρὸ τοῦ θείου νεώ. Λέγει δὲ καὶ τὸν τῆς προφητείας χρόνον· μετὰ γὰρ δὴ τὴν Ἰεχονίου μετανάστασιν, καὶ τὴν Σεδεκίου βασιλείαν, ταῦτα λέγει ἑωρακέναι. Καὶ τὸν μὲν ἕνα κάλαθον σύκων ἀρίστων τε καὶ πρωΐμων· τὸν δὲ ἕτερον λίαν αἰσχρῶν, καὶ παντελῶς ἀχρήστων εἰς ἐδωδήν. Εἶτα θείαν δεξάμενος περὶ τούτων ἐρώτησιν, εἶπε τὴν τῶν ὑποδειχθέντων διαφοράν· καὶ διδάσκεται λοιπὸν τὰ διὰ τούτων σημαινόμενα. Ἀπείκασε γὰρ ὁ τῶν ὅλων Θεὸς τοῖς μὲν πρωΐμοις σύκοις τοὺς ἤδη γεγενημέ νους δορυαλώτους, καὶ ὑπισχνεῖται αὐτοῖς τὴν ἐκεῖ θεν ἐπάνοδον, καὶ τὴν αὑτοῦ κηδεμονίαν, καὶ σὺν εὐσεβείᾳ τὴν εὐπραξίαν. Τοῖς δὲ δυσειδέσι σύκοις ἀφομοιοῖ οὐ μόνον τοὺς ὑπολειφθέντας ἐν τῇ Ἰου δαίᾳ, ἀλλὰ καὶ τοὺς εἰς Αἴγυπτον πεφευγότας, καὶ σὺν αὐτοῖς τὸν βασιλέα Σεδεκίαν, καὶ τοὺς ἄρχοντας, καὶ ἀπειλεῖ αὐτοῖς τῶν Βαβυλωνίων τὴν στρατιὰν, καὶ τὰ ἐκ τοῦ πολέμου φυόμενα σκυθρωπὰ, λιμὸν, καὶ λοιμὸν, καὶ σφαγὴν, καὶ αἰχμαλωσίαν· οὕτω ταῦτα προθεσπίσας, τὴν πρὸ τούτων τίθησι προφη τείαν·","english":"But let us, I entreat, follow both the prophetic and the apostolic words, and worship the one who spoke through those and these, and keep his life-giving laws, so that we may enjoy the good things promised, by the grace and love for humanity of our Lord Jesus Christ, with whom be glory to the Father, together with the all-holy Spirit, now and always, and unto the ages of ages. Amen. TOME 96.\n\nCHAPTER 24.\n\nOnce again he makes the prophecy through parables and symbols; and he sees, by some revelation, two baskets of figs set before the divine temple. He also states the time of the prophecy; for he says that he saw these things after the deportation of Jeconiah and the reign of Zedekiah. And the one basket was of the best and early-ripening figs, but the other of figs exceedingly foul and utterly useless for eating. Then, having received a divine question concerning these things, he stated the difference between the things shown; and he is taught thereafter the things signified by them. For God, the ruler of all, likened to the early figs those who had already been taken captive, and he promises them the return from there, and his own care, and, together with piety, good conduct. But to the ugly figs he compares not only those left behind in Judea, but also those who had fled to Egypt, and with them King Zedekiah, and the rulers, and he threatens them with the army of the Babylonians and the gloomy things that grow from war—famine, and plague, and slaughter, and captivity. Having thus foretold these things, he sets down the prophecy that comes before them.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":107,"ref":"p107","source":"ταῦτα μὲν γὰρ μετὰ τὸν Ἰεχονίαν ἐῤῥέθη· ἃ δὲ μέλλει λέγειν, ἐπὶ Ἰωακεὶμ τοῦ βασιλέως, ὃς τοῦ Ἰεχονίου πατὴρ ἐτύγχανεν ὤν. Λέγει δὲ καὶ τὸν χρόνον σαφῶς.\n\nΚΕΦΑΛΑΙΟΝ ΚΕʹ.\n\nαʹ. Ὁ λόγος ὁ γενόμενος πρὸς Ἱερεμίαν, ἐπὶ πάντα τὸν λαὸν τοῦ Ἰούδα, ἐν τῷ ἔτει τῷ τε τάρτῳ τοῦ Ἰωακεὶμ, υἱοῦ Ἰωσίου βασιλέως Ἰούδα· αὐτὸς ἐνιαυτὸς πρῶτος τῷ Ναβουχοδονόσορ βασιλεῖ Βαβυλῶνος. Ἐν τούτῳ τῷ ἔτει ἐπι στρατεύσας ὁ Ναβουχοδονόσορ κατὰ τῆς Ἱερουσαλὴμ, τοὺς μὲν ἐξηνδραπόδισε, τοῖς δὲ φόρον ἐπιθεὶς ἀνέστρεψε. Λέγει τοίνυν καὶ τίνα τὰ εἰρημένα. γʹ. Ἐν τρισκαιδεκάτῳ ἔτει Ἰωσία, υἱοῦ Ἀμὼς βασιλέως Ἰούδα (καὶ ἕως τῆς ἡμέρας ταύτης εἴκοσι καὶ τρία ἔτη), ἐγενήθη λόγος Κυρίου πρός με, καὶ ἐλάλησα πρὸς ὑμᾶς ὀρθρίζων, καὶ οὐκ ἠκούσατε. Τοῦ πλήθους τῶν ἐτῶν ἐμνημόνευσε, τὴν τοῦ Θεοῦ μακροθυμίαν δεικνὺς, ὅτι ἀπειθούντων ἐπὶ τοσοῦτον ἠνέσχετο. Ἀπέστειλα γὰρ, φησὶ, πρὸς ὑμᾶς τοὺς δούλους μου, τοὺς προ φήτας· παρεγγυῶ ὑμῖν, τὴν ὀλεθρίαν καταλιπόντας ὁδὸν, ἐπὶ τὴν ἑτέραν ἐλθεῖν τὴν πρόξενον τῆς ζωῆς· καὶ ὑπισχνούμην ὑμῖν ἀγαθὰ τοῦτο δρῶσι, καὶ οὐκ ἠκούσατε· ἀλλὰ τὴν τῶν εἰδώλων θερα πείαν προείλεσθε. Καὶ διελέγχων τὸν τῆς ἀπειθείας σκοπὸν ἐπήγαγεν· \"Ὅπως παροργίσητέ με ἐν τοῖς ἔργοις τῶν χειρῶν ὑμῶν εἰς κακὸν ὑμῖν.\" Παροξύναντες γάρ με ἐτολμᾶτε ἐκεῖνα· ἀλλὰ γὰρ καὶ τὴν βλάβην ὑμεῖς πάλαι ἐκαρποῦσθε.","english":"For these things were spoken after Jeconiah; but what he is about to say concerns King Jehoiakim, who happened to be the father of Jeconiah. And he also states the time clearly.\n\nCHAPTER 25.\n\n1. The word that came to Jeremiah concerning all the people of Judah, in the fourth year of Jehoiakim, son of Josiah, king of Judah; this same year was the first to Nebuchadnezzar, king of Babylon. In this year Nebuchadnezzar, having marched against Jerusalem, enslaved some and, imposing tribute on others, returned. He tells, then, also what was said. 3. In the thirteenth year of Josiah, son of Amon, king of Judah (and until this day twenty-three years), the word of the Lord came to me, and I spoke to you, rising early, and you did not listen. He mentioned the multitude of the years, showing God's longsuffering, that he endured them in their disobedience for so long. For I sent, he says, to you my servants the prophets; I urged you, leaving the destructive way, to come to the other, the one that procures life; and I promised you good things if you did this, and you did not listen; but you preferred the worship of idols. And exposing the aim of their disobedience, he added: \"So that you might provoke me to anger by the works of your hands, to your own harm.\" For by provoking me you dared those things; but indeed you also reaped the harm long ago.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":108,"ref":"p108","source":"Οὗ χάριν, φησὶ, σὺν τῷ Ναβουχοδονόσορ τοὺς ὑπ' αὐτοῦ τελοῦντας βασιλέας ἀθροίσω, καὶ καθ' ὑμῶν, καὶ κατὰ τῶν πλησιοχώρων ὑμῶν, παρ' ὧν τὴν τῶν εἰδώ λων ἐδιδάχθητε λατρείαν, καὶ ἐρημίᾳ παντελεῖ καὶ τὴν ὑμετέραν [γῆν] παραδώσω καὶ τὴν ἐκείνων, καὶ τῆς πάσης αὐτοὺς εὐφροσύνης γυμνώσω· ταύ της γὰρ ἴδια \"φωνὴ νυμφίου, καὶ φωνὴ νύμφης· φωνὴ μύλου, καὶ φῶς λύχνου.\" Ἑβδομηκοντούτῃ δὲ χρόνῳ περιορίζει τὴν ἐρημίαν. Μετὰ γὰρ δὴ τὰ ἑβδομήκοντα ἔτη, αὐτόν τε τῆς Βαβυλῶνος τὸν βασι λέα, καὶ τοὺς ὑπηκόους ἐκείνου, δίκας τῆς ἀσεβείας καὶ παρανομίας ἀπαιτήσειν ἔφη, καὶ ἐμπεδώσειν ἅπασαν τοῦ Ἱερεμίου τὴν πρόῤῥησιν. Αὐτίκα τοίνυν κελεύεται λαβεῖν τὸ ποτήριον τοῦ οἴνου τοῦ ἀκράτου ἐκ χειρὸς Κυρίου, καὶ ποτίσαι σύμπαντα τὰ ἔθνη, \"Πὸς ἃ ἐγώ σε, φησὶ, ἐξαποστελῶ πρὸς αὐτά.\" ιϛ. Καὶ πίονται, καὶ ἐξεμοῦνται, καὶ ἐκμανήσονται ἀπὸ προσώπου τῆς μαχαίρας, ἧς ἐγὼ ἀποστελῶ ἀνὰ μέσον αὐτῶν. Ποτήριον δὲ οἴ νου ἀκράτου τὴν δικαίαν τιμωρίαν καλεῖ· οὕτω καὶ ὁ θεῖος ἔφη Δαβὶδ, ὅτι \"Ποτήριον","english":"For this reason, he says, together with Nabuchodonosor I will gather the kings who are subject to him, both against you and against those who dwell near you, from whom you learned the worship of idols, and I will deliver both your land and theirs to utter desolation, and I will strip them of all gladness; for these things are its own: \"the voice of the bridegroom, and the voice of the bride; the voice of the mill, and the light of the lamp.\" And by a period of seventy years he limits the desolation. For after the seventy years, he said, he will exact punishment from the king of Babylon himself and from those subject to him for their impiety and lawlessness, and will confirm all the prophecy of Jeremias. Accordingly, he is at once commanded to take the cup of unmixed wine from the hand of the Lord, and to give all the nations to drink, \"to those to whom I send you,\" he says, \"to them.\" And they shall drink, and vomit, and go mad from the face of the sword which I will send among them. And he calls the just punishment a cup of unmixed wine; thus also the divine David said, that \"A cup","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[{"kind":"lacuna","severity":"caution","text":"The source is fragmentary here: the edition marks a break or an editorial bracket, and the English carries across it. Treat the bridge as supplied, not translated."}]},{"i":109,"ref":"p109","source":"ἐν χειρὶ Κυρίου οἴνου ἀκράτου πλῆρες κεράσματος.\" Διὰ δὲ τοῦ, Πίονται καὶ ἐξεμοῦνται, τὸν κόρον δηλοῖ· διὰ δὲ ἐκμανήσονται, τὸ χαλεπὸν τῆς τιμωρίας αἰνίττε ται. Εἶτα διηγεῖται ὁ προφήτης, ὡς ἐπότισε τὴν Ἱερουσαλὴμ, καὶ τὰς ὑπ' αὐτὴν πόλεις τελούσας, σὺν τοῖς βασιλεῦσι καὶ ἄρχουσι· καὶ διδάσκει τὰ διὰ τοῦ ποτηρίου δηλούμενα. \"Τοῦ θεῖναι αὐτὰς εἰς ἔρημον, καὶ ἄβατον, καὶ εἰς συριγμὸν, καὶ εἰς κατάραν, κατὰ τὴν ἡμέραν ταύτην.\" Τουτέστιν, ἐν τῷ καιρῷ τούτῳ. Καὶ ἄβατον μὲν καλῶν, τὴν ἐρη μίαν δηλοῖ· διὰ δὲ τοῦ συριγμοῦ σημαίνει τὴν ἔκ πληξιν τῶν θεωμένων. Τὰς γὰρ ἐπὶ τὸ χεῖρον ὁρῶντες μεταβολὰς, συρίττειν εἰώθαμεν· τούτοις ἀκόλουθος κατάρα· εἰώθασι γάρ τινες λέγειν, \"Τάδε πάθοις, ἅπερ ὁ δεῖνα πέπονθε.\" Προστίθησι δὲ, ὅτι καὶ τὸν Φαραὼ τὸν βασιλέα τῶν Αἰγυπτίων καὶ τοὺς ἐπάρχους αὐτοῦ, καὶ πάντας τοὺς ὑπηκόους πεπότικε· πρὸς δὲ τοῖς ἐγχωρίοις, καὶ τοὺς μετοίκους· συμμίκτους γὰρ ἐκείνους καλεῖ. Αἰνίττεται δὲ διὰ τού των, ὅτι καὶ οἱ πεφευγότες Ἰουδαῖοι τοῖς αὐτοῖς περι πεσοῦνται κακοῖς. Λέγει δὲ πεποτικέναι καὶ τῶν Χαλδαίων τοὺς βασιλέας, καὶ πᾶσαν τὴν Ἀραβίαν, καὶ πάντας τοὺς βασιλεῖς τῆς γῆς Οὔζ· τὴν δὲ Ἰδουμαίαν οὕτω κέκληκε· καὶ τοῦτο ὁ αὐτὸς προ φήτης διδάσκει σαφέστερον ἐν τοῖς ἑξῆς. Λέγει γάρ· Πεπότικε \"καὶ τῶν ἀλλοφύλων τοὺς βασιλεῖς, καὶ Μωαβίτας, καὶ Ἀμμανίτας, καὶ Τυρίους, καὶ Σιδωνίους, καὶ τὴν Δαιδὰν, καὶ τὴν Θαιμάν·\" πόλεις δὲ καὶ αὗται τῆς Ἀραβίας, ὡς καὶ ἐν ταῖς τῶν ἄλλων προφητῶν ἑρμηνείαις ἐδείξαμεν.","english":"in the hand of the Lord, a cup of unmixed wine full of mixture.\" And by \"They shall drink and vomit,\" he indicates satiety; and by \"they shall be mad,\" he hints at the severity of the punishment. Then the prophet relates how he gave Jerusalem to drink, and the cities that were subject to her, together with their kings and rulers; and he teaches what is signified by the cup. \"To make them a desert, and impassable, and a hissing, and a curse, according to this day.\" That is, in this present time. And by calling them \"impassable,\" he indicates the desolation; and by the \"hissing\" he signifies the astonishment of those who look on. For when we see changes for the worse, we are accustomed to hiss; and a curse follows upon these things. For some are accustomed to say, \"May you suffer these things which so-and-so has suffered.\" And he adds that he also gave to drink to Pharao, the king of the Egyptians, and his governors, and all their subjects; and besides the natives, also the resident aliens; for he calls them \"mixed.\" And by these things he hints that the Jews who have fled will fall into the same evils. And he says that he also gave to drink to the kings of the Chaldeans, and all Arabia, and all the kings of the land of Uz—for thus he has called Idumea—and the same prophet teaches this more clearly in what follows. For he says: \"He has given to drink also the kings of the foreigners, and the Moabites, and the Ammonites, and the Tyrians, and the Sidonians, and Daedan, and Thaiman\"; and these too are cities of Arabia, as we have shown also in the interpretations of the other prophets.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":110,"ref":"p110","source":"\"Καὶ τὸν Βοὺζ,\" Περσικὸν τὸ ἔθνος, \"καὶ πάντα περικειρόμενον τὸ κατὰ πρόσωπον αὑτοῦ.\" Τοὺς Σαρακηνοὺς λέγει. κδʹ, κεʹ. Καὶ πάντας τοὺς βασιλεῖς Ἀραβίας, καὶ πάντας τοὺς βασιλεῖς τοὺς συμμίκτους, τοὺς καταλύοντας ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ. Καὶ πάντας τοὺς βασιλεῖς Ζαμβρή. Παρὰ τῷ Ἑβραίῳ καὶ τῷ Σύρῳ Ζεμβρὰν εὑρήκαμεν· τῆς δὲ Χετούρας οὗτος υἱός· καὶ οὗτοι μέντοι τὴν ἔρημον ᾤκησαν. \"Καὶ πάντας τοὺς βασιλεῖς Ἐλάμ.\" Καὶ τοῦτο Περσικὸν ἔθνος. \"Καὶ πάντας τοὺς βασιλεῖς Μήδων καὶ Περσῶν.\" κϛʹ. Καὶ πάντας τοὺς βασιλεῖς ἀφηλιώτου τοὺς ἐγγὺς καὶ τοὺς πόῤῥω· καὶ ἕκαστον πρὸς τὸν ἀδελφὸν αὑτοῦ. Τουτέστιν, ὥστε δι' ἀλλήλων δίκας δοῦναι τῆς ἀσεβείας. \"Καὶ πάσας τὰς βασι λείας τῆς γῆς, τὰς ἐπὶ προσώπου τῆς γῆς· καὶ βασιλεὺς Σησὰχ πίεται ἔσχατος αὐτῶν.\" Τὸν Βαβυλώνιον οὕτως ἡγοῦμαι κληθῆναι· διὰ τούτου γὰρ καὶ οἱ προῤῥηθέντες ἔπιον· καὶ μετ' ὀλίγον τοῦτον πίεσθαι ἔσχατόν φησι. Μετὰ γὰρ δὴ τὴν διὰ τούτου τοῖς ἄλλοις προσενεχθεῖσαν τιμωρίαν αὐτὸς ἔδωκε δίκας. Εἶτα τοῖς πιεῖν μὴ βουλομένοις ἀπειλεῖ, ὅτι καὶ ἄκοντες πίονται. κθʹ. Ἄρξομαι γὰρ, φησὶν, ἀπὸ τῆς πόλεως ἐφ' ἧς ὠνομάσθη τὸ ὄνομά μου ἐπ' αὐτὴν, ἀπ' αὐτῆς ἄρχομαι τοῦ κακῶσαι· καὶ ὑμεῖς καθα ρισμῷ καθαρισθήσεσθε, καὶ οὐ μὴ καθαρισθῆτε. Τὴν ἀφωρισμένην, φησὶ, παραδίδωμι πόλιν· καὶ ὑμεῖς διαφεύξεσθε τὴν τιμωρίαν; οὐχ οἷόν τε τοῦτο γενέσθαι. λʹ. Καὶ σὺ προφητεύσεις ἐπ' αὐτοὺς πάντας τοὺς λόγους τούτους, καὶ ἐρεῖς πρὸς αὐτοὺς, Κύριος ἀφ' ὑψηλοῦ χρηματιεῖ, καὶ ἀπὸ τοῦ ἁγίου, αὑτοῦ δώσει φωνὴν αὑτοῦ.","english":"And Buz,\" a Persian people, \"and all that have the hair cut short on their face.\" He means the Saracens. 24, 25. \"And all the kings of Arabia, and all the kings of the mixed peoples who dwell in the desert. And all the kings of Zambri.\" In the Hebrew and the Syriac we have found \"Zembran\"; and this man was a son of Keturah; and these indeed dwelt in the desert. \"And all the kings of Elam.\" And this too is a Persian people. \"And all the kings of the Medes and Persians.\" 26. \"And all the kings of the east, those near and those far; and each one against his brother.\" That is, so that through one another they may pay the penalty for their impiety. \"And all the kingdoms of the earth that are upon the face of the earth; and the king of Sheshach shall drink last of them.\" I think the Babylonian was called by this name; for through him also those previously mentioned drank; and after a little he says that this one shall drink last. For after the punishment brought upon the others through him, he himself paid the penalty. Then he threatens those who are unwilling to drink, that even against their will they shall drink. 29. \"For I begin,\" he says, \"from the city upon which my name is called, from it I begin to do harm; and you shall be cleansed with a cleansing, and you shall not be cleansed.\" The city that has been set apart, he says, I hand over; and will you escape the punishment? It is not possible for this to happen. 30. \"And you shall prophesy against them all these words, and you shall say to them, The Lord will speak from on high, and from his holy place he will give his voice.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":111,"ref":"p111","source":"Ἀμφότερα δεδήλωκεν, ὅτι οὐρανόθεν ἐκφέρει τὴν ψῆφον, καὶ ὅτι ἐν τῷ ἀφιερωμένῳ ναῷ ποιεῖται τὴν ἐπιφάνειαν. \"Λόγον χρηματιεῖ ἐκ τοῦ τόπου αὑτοῦ, καὶ οἶδεν ὥσπερ οἱ ληνοβατοῦντες ἀποκριθήσονται ἐπὶ πάντας τοὺς καθημένους ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς.\" Τὴν ἀπόκρισιν τὸ ἔργον λέγει· ἕπεται γὰρ τῷ θείῳ λόγῳ καὶ τὸ ἔργον. λαʹ. Ἥκει ὄλεθρος ἐπὶ μέρος τῆς γῆς· ὅτι κρίσις τῷ Κυρίῳ ἐν τοῖς ἔθνεσι· κρίνεται αὐτὸς πρὸς πᾶσαν σάρκα· οἱ δὲ ἀσεβεῖς ἐδόθησαν εἰς μάχαιραν, λέγει Κύριος. Πάλιν τὴν ἄῤῥητον αὑτοῦ δείκνυσιν ἀγαθότητα. Οὐ γὰρ εἶπε, Κρινεῖ πᾶσαν σάρκα, ἀλλὰ, \"Κρίνεται πρὸς πᾶσαν σάρκα·\" δείκνυσι γὰρ τὰς οἰκείας εὐεργεσίας, καὶ τὴν τῶν λαμβανόντων ἀχαριστίαν ἐλέγχει. Λέγει δὲ διὰ τῶν ἑξῆς, καὶ τὰ ἐκ τῶν πολέμων φυόμενα κακὰ, καὶ ὅτι ἄταφοι οἱ\n\nἀνῃρημένοι κείσονται, καὶ ἀντὶ κόπρου ἐν τῇ γῇ ἔσονται. λδʹ, λεʹ. Ἀλαλάξατε, οἱ ποιμένες, καὶ κεκράξατε, καὶ κόψασθε, οἱ κριοὶ τῶν προβάτων, ὅτι ἐπληρώθησαν αἱ ἡμέραι ὑμῶν εἰς σφαγὴν, καὶ οἱ σκορπισμοὶ ὑμῶν, καὶ πεσεῖσθε ὡς κριοὶ ἐκλε κτοί. Καὶ ἀπολεῖται φυγὴ ἀπὸ τῶν ποιμένων, καὶ σωτηρία ἀπὸ τῶν κριῶν τῶν προβάτων. Ποιμένας τοὺς βασιλέας ἐκάλεσε, πρόβατα δὲ τοὺς ὑπηκόους, κριοὺς δὲ προβάτων τοὺς ἄρχοντας· πᾶσι δὲ φυγὴν καὶ μετανάστασιν ἀπειλεῖ. Προλέγει δὲ τοὺς θρήνους, καὶ τῶν βασιλέων, καὶ τῶν ἀρχόντων. λζʹ. Ὅτι ἐπαύσατο, φησὶ, τὰ καλὰ τῆς εἰρήνης ἀπὸ προσώπου ὀργῆς θυμοῦ Κυρίου. \"Τὰ δὲ καλὰ τῆς εἰρήνης,\" γεωργίαι, φυτουργίαι, ἐμπορίαι, τεχνῶν ἐργασίαι, συμβολαίων ἀντιδόσεις, γάμοι, σύλλογοι, ἑορταὶ, θυμηδίαι, καὶ ὅσα τούτοις ἐστὶ παραπλήσια.","english":"He has shown both things: that he brings forth the verdict from heaven, and that he makes the manifestation in the consecrated temple. \"He will speak a word from his own place, and he knows, as those who tread the winepress will answer against all who sit upon the earth.\" By \"answer\" he means the deed; for the deed follows the divine word. 31. \"Destruction has come upon a part of the earth, because judgment belongs to the Lord among the nations; he is judged against all flesh; but the impious have been given over to the sword, says the Lord.\" Again he shows his ineffable goodness. For he did not say, \"He will judge all flesh,\" but \"He is judged against all flesh\"; for he shows his own benefactions, and he convicts the ingratitude of those who receive them. And through what follows he speaks also of the evils that grow from wars, and that those\n\nwho have been slain will lie unburied, and will be as dung upon the earth. 34, 35. \"Shout, you shepherds, and cry out, and beat your breasts, you rams of the sheep, because your days have been fulfilled for slaughter, and your scatterings, and you shall fall like chosen rams. And flight shall perish from the shepherds, and salvation from the rams of the sheep.\" He has called kings \"shepherds,\" the subjects \"sheep,\" and the rulers \"rams of the sheep\"; and to all he threatens flight and migration. And he foretells the lamentations both of the kings and of the rulers. 37. \"Because,\" he says, \"the good things of peace have ceased from the face of the anger of the wrath of the Lord.\" \"The good things of peace\" are: farmings, plantings, trades, the working of crafts, the exchanges of contracts, marriages, gatherings, festivals, delights, and all things similar to these.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":112,"ref":"p112","source":"ΚΕΦΑΛΑΙΟΝ Κϛςʹ.\n\nΜετὰ ταύτην πάλιν ἑτέραν τίθησι προφητείαν, ἣν ἐπὶ τοῦ βασιλέως Ἰωακεὶμ προσενεγκεῖν τῷ λαῷ προσετάχθη. Προσετάχθη δὲ ἐν τῇ αὐλῇ τῇ θείᾳ στῆ ναι, καὶ τῷ λαῷ χρησμῳδῆσαι, καὶ πάντας τοὺς θείους διαπορθμεῦσαι λόγους. \"Μὴ ἀφέλῃς γὰρ, φησὶ, ῥῆμα.\" Εἶτα τὴν αἰτίαν τοῦ ἐσομένου διδάσκει. γʹ. Ἴσως ἀκούσονται, καὶ ἀποστραφήσονται ἕκαστος ἀπὸ τῆς ὁδοῦ αὑτοῦ τῆς πονηρᾶς, καὶ παύσομαι ἀπὸ τῶν κακῶν, ὧν λογίζομαι ἐγὼ τοῦ ποιῆσαι αὐτοῖς, ἕνεκεν τῶν πονηρῶν ἐπιτηδευ μάτων αὐτῶν. Τὸ ἴσως οὐχ ὡς ἀγνοῶν εἴρηκεν· ᾔδει γὰρ αὐτῶν τὸ ἀπειθές· ἀλλὰ τέθεικε τὴν ἀμφιβολίαν, ἵνα μὴ τῇ ἀποφάσει τῇ θείᾳ προσέχοντες, ἀπαγορεύσωσι τὴν σωτηρίαν· τούτῳ ἔοικε καὶ τὸ διὰ τοῦ Ἐζεκιὴλ εἰρημένον· \"Ἐὰν ἄρα ἀκούσωσιν, ἐὰν ἄρα ἴδωσιν.\" Οὐ γὰρ ἐκεῖνο ἀγνοίας· ἀλλ' ἵνα μὴ λέγωσι, Προείρηκεν ἡμῶν τὴν ἀπείθειαν, ἀψευ δὴς δέ ἐστι, πῶς οἷόν τε τοίνυν ἡμᾶς μεταβληθῆναι; διδάσκει δὲ διὰ τῶν εἰρημένων, ὅτι δυνατὸν, ἂν θελήσωσι, δέξασθαι τοῦ τρόπου μεταβολήν. Τούτου χάριν καὶ τὴν ἀπειλὴν προστίθησιν· \"Ὅτι ἐὰν μὴ ἀκούσητε τῶν λόγων μου, οὓς διὰ τῶν προφητῶν ὑμῖν προσφέρω.\" ϛʹ. Δώσω τὸν οἶκον τοῦτον, ὥσπερ τὴν Σηλώ· καὶ τὴν πόλιν δώσω ταύτην εἰς κατάραν πᾶσι τοῖς ἔθνεσι τῆς γῆς. Τούτων ἀκούσαντες οἱ ἱερεῖς, καὶ οἱ ψευδοπροφῆται, καὶ πᾶς ὁ λαὸς, θάνατον ἀπειλοῦσι τῷ προφήτῃ· πυθόμενοι δὲ οἱ ἄρχοντες, ἔδραμον ἐκ τῶν βασιλείων εἰς τὸν θεῖον νεών·","english":"CHAPTER 26.\n\nAfter this he sets down again another prophecy, which he was commanded to bring to the people in the time of King Jehoiakim. And he was commanded to stand in the divine court and to utter oracles to the people, and to deliver all the divine words. \"For do not,\" he says, \"omit a word.\" Then he teaches the reason for what is to come. 3. Perhaps they will hear, and each will turn back from his evil way, and I will cease from the evils which I intend to do to them, because of their evil practices. He has said \"perhaps\" not as though ignorant; for he knew their disobedience; but he set down the ambiguity so that, paying heed to the divine declaration, they might not despair of salvation. Similar to this is what was said through Ezekiel: \"If perhaps they will hear, if perhaps they will see.\" For that was not from ignorance; but so that they might not say, He has foretold our disobedience, and he is truthful, so how is it possible for us to be changed? And he teaches through what has been said that it is possible, if they are willing, to receive a change of conduct. For this reason he also adds the threat: \"For if you do not hear my words, which I bring to you through the prophets.\" 6. I will give this house like Shiloh; and I will give this city as a curse to all the nations of the earth. Hearing these things, the priests and the false prophets and all the people threaten the prophet with death; but when the rulers learned of it, they ran from the palace to the divine temple.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":113,"ref":"p113","source":"τῶν δέ γε ἱερέων σὺν τοῖς ψευδοπροφήταις βλασφημίας τὸν προφήτην γραψαμένων, ὡς κατὰ τῆς πόλεως καὶ τοῦ θείου νεὼ τὴν πρόῤῥησιν ποιησάμενον, εἶπεν ὁ προφήτης, παρὰ τοῦ Θεοῦ τῶν ὅλων ἀπεστάλθαι, καὶ θείους εἶναι χρησμοὺς τοὺς παρ' αὐτοῦ προ φερομένους λόγους· προσφέρει δὲ αὐτοῖς καὶ παραίνεσιν· ιγʹ. Βελτίους γὰρ, φησὶ, ποιήσατε τὰς ὁδοὺς ὑμῶν, καὶ τὰ ἔργα ὑμῶν. Ἀκούσατε τῆς φωνῆς Κυρίου τοῦ Θεοῦ ὑμῶν, καὶ παύσεται Κύριος ἀπὸ τῶν κακῶν, ὧν ἐλάλησεν ἐφ' ὑμᾶς. Εἰ δὲ ἀπειθεῖτε, καὶ τῇ συνήθει χρῆσθε γνώμῃ· ιδʹ. Ἰδοὺ ἐγώ εἰμι ἐν χερσὶν ὑμῶν· ποιήσατέ μοι, ὡς συμφέρει, καὶ ὃ βέλτιον ὑμῖν φαίνεται. Εἶτα τῆς μιαιφονίας ὑποδείκνυσι τὸν καρπόν. ιεʹ. Ἀλλ' ἢ γνόντες γνώσεσθε, εἰ ἀναιρεῖτέ με, ὅτι αἷμα ἀθῶον ὑμεῖς δίδοτε ἐφ' ὑμᾶς, καὶ ἐπὶ τὴν πόλιν ταύτην. Προσταχθεὶς γὰρ, φησὶ, ὑπὸ τοῦ Θεοῦ τοὺς λόγους τούτους ἐποιησάμην. Τού των ἀκούοντες καὶ οἱ ἄρχοντες, καὶ ὁ λαὸς, τῶν ἱερέων καὶ τῶν ψευδοπροφητῶν τὴν ἄδικον ἐλέγχουσι ψῆφον, ἀθῶον εἶναι φήσαντες τὸν προφήτην, ὡς τοῖς θείοις λόγοις διακονήσαντα. Εἶτά τινες τῶν γεραιο τέρων παλαιᾶς αὐτοὺς ἀναμιμνήσκουσι προφητείας, καί φασι Μιχαίαν τὸν Μωραθίτην προφητεῦσαί ποτε, ὅτι Σιὼν ὡς ἀγρὸς ἀροτριαθήσεται, καὶ Ἱερουσαλὴμ ὡς ὀπωροφυλάκιον ἔσται, καὶ τὸ ὄρος τοῦ οἴκου ἔσται ὡς ἄλσος δρυμοῦ· καὶ ταῦτα εἰρηκότα μηδὲν πεπονθέναι δεινόν. Τοὐναντίον γὰρ, τὴν","english":"But when the priests together with the false prophets brought a charge of blasphemy against the prophet, on the grounds that he had made his prediction against the city and the divine temple, the prophet said that he had been sent by the God of all, and that the words spoken by him were divine oracles. And he also offers them exhortation: 13. For, he says, make your ways and your works better. Hear the voice of the Lord your God, and the Lord will cease from the evils which he spoke against you. But if you disobey and persist in your customary mind: 14. Behold, I am in your hands; do to me as is expedient and as seems best to you. Then he points out the fruit of murder. 15. But know with certainty that if you put me to death, you are bringing innocent blood upon yourselves and upon this city. For, he says, I made these words as I was commanded by God. When the rulers and the people heard these things, they condemn the unjust verdict of the priests and the false prophets, declaring the prophet innocent, since he had ministered the divine words. Then some of the elders remind them of an ancient prophecy, and say that Micah the Morashtite once prophesied that Zion would be plowed as a field, and Jerusalem would be as a watchman's hut, and the mountain of the house would be as a grove of the forest; and that having said these things he suffered no harm. For on the contrary, the","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":114,"ref":"p114","source":"ἀπει λὴν δείσαντες τηνικαῦτα τῇ μεταβολῇ τοῦ βίου διέφυγον τὴν ὀργήν· ὑμεῖς δὲ, φησὶ, παγχάλεπα τετολμήκατε. Καὶ γὰρ Οὐρίαν ποτὲ τὸν Σαμαίου, τοιαῦτά ποτε χρησμοδοτήσαντα, εἶτα δείσαντα τὸν βασιλέα Ἰωακεὶμ, καὶ εἰς τὴν Αἴγυπτον ἀποδράντα, περιείδομεν ἀναιρούμενον ὑπὸ τοῦ βασιλέως Ἰωακείμ· ἐκεῖθεν γὰρ ἀγαγὼν αὐτὸν κατηκόντισε· δῆλον ποιεῖ καὶ τὸν τοῖς εὐσεβέσι λόγοις κεχρημένον, καί φησι· κδʹ. Πλὴν χεὶρ Ἀχικὰμ υἱοῦ Σαφὰν ἦν μετὰ Ἱερεμίου τοῦ μὴ παραδοθῆναι αὐτὸν εἰς χεῖρας τοῦ λαοῦ μὴ ἀνελεῖν αὐτόν.\n\nΚΕΦΑΛΑΙΟΝ ΚΖʹ.\n\nΟὕτω τοῦτο τὸ διήγημα συμπληρώσας, ἐφ' ἕτερον μεταβαίνει τούτου πρεσβύτερον. αʹ. Ἐν ἀρχῇ βασιλείας Ἰωακεὶμ υἱοῦ Ἰωσίου βασιλέως Ἰούδα, ἐγένετο ὁ λόγος οὗτος παρὰ Κυρίου πρὸς Ἱερεμίαν, λέγων. Εἶτα λέγει ὡς προσετάχθη κλοιοὺς τῷ τραχήλῳ περιθεῖναι, καὶ τού τους ἀποστεῖλαι τοῖς ἐκ γειτόνων βασιλεῦσιν, ὧν καὶ τὰ ὀνόματα τίθησιν. Ἐκελεύσθη δὲ καὶ τούτους τοὺς λόγους ἐκπέμψαι διὰ τῶν πρεσβειῶν. εʹ. Ἐγὼ ἐποίησα καὶ τὴν γῆν, καὶ τοὺς ἀν θρώπους, καὶ τὰ κτήνη, ὅσα ἐπὶ προσώπου τῆς γῆς, ἐν τῇ ἰσχύϊ μου τῇ μεγάλῃ, καὶ τῷ βραχίονί μου τῷ ὑψηλῷ. Καὶ δώσω αὐτὴν, ᾧ ἐὰν δόξῃ ἐν ὀφθαλμοῖς μου. Τὸ, \"ἐν τῇ ἰσχύϊ μου τῇ μεγάλῃ, καὶ τῷ βραχίονί μου τῷ ὑψηλῷ,\" διὰ τὸ μέγεθος τῶν στοιχείων καὶ τὴν τῶν ἀκουόντων ἀσθένειαν τέθεικεν· αὐτὸ γὰρ ἀρκεῖ τὸ βουληθῆναι καὶ παραγαγεῖν ὅσα βούλεται. ϛʹ. Καὶ νῦν ἐγώ εἰμι· δέδωκα τὴν γῆν ταύ την ἐν χειρὶ Ναβουχοδονόσορ βασιλέως Βαβυλῶ νος τοῦ δούλου μου, καὶ τὰ θηρία τοῦ ἀγροῦ ἐρ γάσασθαι δέδωκα αὐτῷ, καὶ δουλεύειν αὐτῷ.","english":"But those who feared the threat at that time escaped the wrath by a change of life; but you, he says, have dared most grievous things. For we have seen Uriah, the son of Shemaiah, who once prophesied such things, then feared King Jehoiakim and fled to Egypt, being put to death by King Jehoiakim; for bringing him from there he struck him down with a spear; he makes clear also the one who used pious words, and says: 24. Nevertheless the hand of Ahikam the son of Shaphan was with Jeremiah, that he should not be delivered into the hands of the people to kill him.\n\nCHAPTER 27.\n\nHaving thus completed this narrative, he passes to another older than it. 1. In the beginning of the reign of Jehoiakim the son of Josiah, king of Judah, this word came from the Lord to Jeremiah, saying. Then he says how he was commanded to put yokes on his neck, and to send them to the neighboring kings, whose names also he sets down. And he was commanded to send out these words also through the embassies. 5. I made the earth, and the men, and the cattle, as many as are on the face of the earth, in my great strength, and in my high arm. And I will give it to whomever it seems good in my eyes. The phrase, \"in my great strength, and in my high arm,\" he has set down because of the magnitude of the elements and the weakness of the hearers; for the willing alone is sufficient, and to bring forth as many things as he wills. 6. And now I am; I have given this land into the hand of Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon my servant, and the beasts of the field I have given to him to work, and to serve him.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":115,"ref":"p115","source":"Θηρία τοῦ ἀγροῦ, τὰ βάρβαρα ἔθνη λέγει. Ποιητής εἰμι, φησὶ, καὶ Δεσπότης, ὡς βούλομαι κυβερνῶ. ζʹ. Καὶ δουλεύσουσιν αὐτῷ πάντα τὰ ἔθνη, καὶ τῷ υἱῷ αὐτοῦ, καὶ τῷ υἱῷ τοῦ υἱοῦ αὐτοῦ, ἕως ἂν ἔλθῃ ὁ καιρὸς τῆς γῆς αὐτοῦ. Σαφῶς ἐδίδαξεν, ὅτι καθάπερ δημίοις χρησάμενος τοῖς Βαβυλωνίοις, καὶ δίκας δι' αὐτῶν τὰ ἄλλα ἔθνη εἰσπραξάμενος, ὕστερον καὶ αὐτοὺς πανωλεθρίᾳ παραδώσει· ἀπειλεῖ δὲ καὶ τοῖς ἀντιλέγουσι, καὶ τὸν δὲ τὸν ζυγὸν ἀπωθουμένοις, λιμὸν καὶ σφαγὴν, καὶ ἀνδραποδισμόν. Παρ εγγυᾷ δὲ αὐτοῖς, μὴ πιστεῦσαι χρησμῳδοῖς, καὶ μάντεσι, καὶ οἰωνοσκόποις, καὶ ὀνειροπόλοις, ἀλλ' εἶξαι, καὶ δέξασθαι τὸν τοῦ Βαβυλωνίου ζυγόν· καὶ ὑπισχνεῖται εἰρήνην τοῖς πειθομένοις. Ταῦτα δὲ ἔφη καὶ Σεδεκίᾳ τῷ βασιλεῖ, καὶ παρεγγυᾷ μὴ πι στεῦσαι τοῖς ψευδοπροφήταις, εἰρήνην ὑπισχνουμένοις, καὶ τῶν ἀποκομισθέντων εἰς Βαβυλῶνα θείων σκευῶν τὴν ἀποκατάστασιν. Ψευδῆ γὰρ οὗτοι λέ γουσι. ιηʹ. Εἰ δὲ προφῆταί εἰσι, καὶ ἔστι λόγος Κυρίου ἐν αὐτοῖς, ἀπαντησάτωσαν τῷ Κυρίῳ τῶν δυνάμεων, πρὸς τὸ μὴ πορευθῆναι τὰ σκεύη τὰ ἀπολειφθέντα ἐν οἴκῳ Κυρίου, καὶ ἐν οἴκῳ βασι λέως Ἰούδα, καὶ Ἱερουσαλὴμ, εἰς Βαβυλῶνα. Τὸ, \"Ἀπαντησάτωσαν τῷ Κυρίῳ,\" ἀντὶ τοῦ \"κωλυσά τωσαν,\" καὶ νικησάτωσαν τὰς θείας προῤῥήσεις, καὶ δειξάτωσαν ἀργὰς τὰς θείας προῤῥήσεις. Ὄψεσθε γὰρ πάντα τὰ ὑπολειφθέντα ἱερὰ σκεύη εἰς τὴν Βα βυλῶνα μετακομιζόμενα, καὶ μετὰ τὸν ἑβδομηκον τούτην χρόνον ἐκεῖθεν πεμπόμενα, ἀφιερωμένῳ μοι ἀποδιδόμενα οἴκῳ· τῶν δὲ Μεχωνὼθ καὶ ἡ τρίτη τῶν Βασιλειῶν μέμνηται· χρείαν δὲ κρατήρων ἐπλήρουν· ἐπεποίηντο δὲ ἐκ χαλκοῦ.","english":"The beasts of the field: he means the barbarian nations. I am the Maker, he says, and the Master; I govern as I wish. 7. And all the nations shall serve him, and his son, and his son's son, until the time of his land comes. He has clearly taught that, just as he used the Babylonians as public executioners and exacted punishment from the other nations through them, afterward he will also hand them over to utter destruction. And he threatens those who contradict and thrust away the yoke with famine and slaughter and enslavement. And he enjoins them not to believe diviners and soothsayers and augurs and dreamers, but to yield and accept the Babylonian's yoke; and he promises peace to those who obey. He said these things also to Zedekiah the king, and he enjoins him not to believe the false prophets, who promise peace and the restoration of the sacred vessels carried off to Babylon. For these speak lies. 18. But if they are prophets, and the word of the Lord is in them, let them meet the Lord of hosts, so that the vessels left in the house of the Lord, and in the house of the king of Judah, and in Jerusalem, may not go to Babylon. The phrase \"let them meet the Lord\" is instead of \"let them hinder,\" and \"let them conquer the divine foretellings, and let them show the divine foretellings idle.\" For you will see all the sacred vessels that are left being carried away to Babylon, and after the seventieth year being sent from there, being restored to the house consecrated to me. And the third [book] of Kingdoms mentions Mechonoth; and they served the need of mixing bowls; and they had been made of bronze.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":116,"ref":"p116","source":"ΚΕΦΑΛΑΙΟΝ ΚΗʹ.\n\nΜετὰ ταῦτα διηγεῖται, ὡς Σεδεκίου βασιλεύοντος, ἐν τῷ τετάρτῳ ἔτει, Ἀνανίας ὁ ψευδοπροφήτης, καὶ τοῦ λαοῦ, καὶ τῶν ἱερέων παρόντων, εἰπεῖν ἐτόλ μησε· βʹ, γʹ, δʹ. Τάδε λέγει Κύριος τῶν δυνάμεων, ὁ Θεὸς Ἰσραήλ· Συνέτριψα τὸν ζυγὸν βασιλέως\n\nΒαβυλῶνος. Καὶ ὅτι ἐντὸς δύο ἐτῶν, καὶ τὰ ἱερὰ σκεύη τὰ ἀποκομισθέντα ἀποκαταστήσω. Καὶ τὸν Ἰεχονίαν ἐπανάξω σὺν πᾶσι τοῖς αἰχμαλώτοις. Αὐτὸς δὲ ὁ προφήτης Ἱερεμίας δεῖξαι βουλό μενος, ὡς εὔχεται ταῦτα γενέσθαι. ϛʹ. Στήσαι Κύριος, ἔφη πάντων ἀκουόντων, τὸν λόγον σου, ὃν σὺ προφητεύεις, τοῦ ἐπιστρέ ψαι τὰ σκεύη οἴκου Κυρίου, καὶ πᾶσαν τὴν μετοικίαν ἐκ Βαβυλῶνος εἰς τὸν τόπον αὑτῶν. Οὐ μὴν εἴασε βεβαιωθῆναι τῇ συγκαταθέσει τὴν προ φητείαν. Ἔφη γάρ· ζʹ–θʹ. Πλὴν ἄκουσον τὸν λόγον τοῦτον, ὃν ἐγὼ λαλῶ εἰς τὰ ὦτά σου, καὶ εἰς τὰ ὦτα παντὸς τοῦ λαοῦ. Οἱ προφῆται οἱ πρότεροί μου, καὶ οἱ πρότεροι ὑμῶν ἀπὸ αἰῶνος, καὶ προεφήτευσαν ἐπὶ γαίας πολλὰς, καὶ ἐπὶ βασιλείας μεγάλας, εἰς πόλεμον, καὶ εἰς κακὰ, καὶ εἰς θάνατον. Ὁ προφητεύσας εἰς εἰρήνην, ἐλθόντος τοῦ λόγου τοῦ προφήτου, γνωσθήσεται ὁ προφήτης, ὃν ἀπ έστειλεν αὐτὸν Κύριος ἐν πίστει. Τὸ τέλος, φησὶ, τῶν πραγμάτων, δείξει τῆς προφητείας τὸ ἀληθές. Ὀψόμεθα τοίνυν, εἴγε κατὰ τὴν ἐμὴν προφητείαν Βαβυλωνίοις παραδοθησόμεθα. Ἀλλὰ τούτων οὐδὲν ἀπώνατο ὁ ψευδοπροφήτης ἐκεῖνος· ἀλλ' οὓς ἔφερεν ὁ προφήτης κλοιοὺς συνέτριψε, τοῦτον τὸν τρόπον συντριβήσεσθαι λέγων τὸν τοῦ Ναβουχοδονόσορ ζυγὸν, δυοῖν ἐτῶν διελθόντων. Ἀλλ' ὁ τῶν ὅλων Θεὸς τὸν προφήτην παρηγγύησε πρὸς τὸν Ἀνανίαν εἰπεῖν·","english":"CHAPTER 28.\n\nAfter these things he recounts that, when Zedekiah was king, in the fourth year, Hananiah the false prophet dared to say, in the presence of the people and the priests: 2, 3, 4. Thus says the Lord of hosts, the God of Israel: I have broken the yoke of the king of Babylon. And that within two years I will restore the sacred vessels that were carried away. And I will bring back Jeconiah together with all the captives. But the prophet Jeremiah himself, wishing to show that he prays for these things to happen, said: 6. May the Lord establish, in the hearing of all, your word which you prophesy, so as to return the vessels of the house of the Lord, and the whole deportation from Babylon to their own place. Yet he did not allow the prophecy to be confirmed by his assent. For he said: 7–9. Nevertheless hear this word which I speak in your ears, and in the ears of all the people. The prophets who were before me, and those before you from of old, prophesied against many lands, and against great kingdoms, for war, and for evils, and for death. The one who prophesies for peace, when the word of the prophet comes, the prophet will be known, whom the Lord sent in truth. The end, he says, of matters will show the truth of the prophecy. We shall see, then, whether according to my prophecy we shall be handed over to the Babylonians. But that false prophet gained nothing from these things; rather, he broke the yokes which the prophet was carrying, saying that in this manner the yoke of Nebuchadnezzar would be broken, after two years had passed. But the God of all things commanded the prophet to say to Hananiah:","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":117,"ref":"p117","source":"\"Κλοιοὺς ξυλίνους συνέτριψας, καὶ ποιήσω ἀντὶ τούτων σιδηροῦς κλοιούς.\" Τὸν ζυγὸν δὲ τῶν Βα βυλωνίων σιδηροῦν ὀνομάζει, ὡς βαρυτέρας διὰ τὴν ἀπείθειαν ἐσομένης τῆς τιμωρίας. Εἶτα δυσχεράνας ὁ προφήτης, ὡς ἀκριβῶς μεμαθηκὼς Ἀνανίου τὴν ψευδῆ χρησμολογίαν, ἔφη πρὸς αὐτόν· \"Ἄκουσον δὴ, Ἀνανία, οὐκ ἀπέστειλέ σε Κύριος, καὶ σὺ πεποι θέναι ἐποίησας τὸν λαὸν τοῦτον ἐπ' ἀδίκοις.\" Προ λέγει δὲ αὐτοῦ καὶ τὴν ἐντὸς ὀλίγων μηνῶν τελευτήν. \"Ὅτι ἔκκλισιν, φησὶν, ἐλάλησας πρὸς τὸν Κύριον.\" Ἀντὶ τοῦ, Παρεσκεύασας τὸν λαὸν ἀπὸ τῶν θείων λογίων ἐκκλῖναι, καὶ τῇ σῇ ψευδολογίᾳ πιστεῦσαι. Εἶτα διηγήσατο καὶ τοῦ ψευδοπροφήτου τὸν θάνατον, καὶ τῆς θείας μακροθυμίας τὴν ἀμετρίαν· οὐ γὰρ εὐθὺς αὐτὸν ἐστέρησε τῆς ζωῆς, ἀναμένων τὴν μεταμέλειαν· ἐπιμείναντα μὲν τῇ πονηρίᾳ, μετὰ μῆνας ἑπτὰ θανάτῳ παρέδωκεν.\n\nΚΕΦΑΛΑΙΟΝ ΚΘʹ.\n\nἘντεῦθεν εἰς ἕτερον μεταβαίνει διήγημα, καὶ δι δάσκει ὡς ἐπέστειλε, τοῦ Θεοῦ βουλεύσαντος, τοῖς ἐν Βαβυλῶνι δορυαλώτοις, μετὰ τὴν Ἰεχονίου τοῦ βασιλέως αἰχμαλωσίαν. Λέγει καὶ τὰς προσηγορίας τῶν ἀποκομισάντων τὰ γράμματα. Περιεῖχε δὲ ταῦτα, ὡς ὁ τῶν ὅλων Θεὸς τοῖς αἰχμαλώτοις ἤδη γεγενημέ νοις κελεύει, καὶ παιδοποιῆσαι, καὶ δείμασθαι οἰκίας, καὶ κατεγγυῆσαι τὰς θυγατέρας ἀνδράσι, καὶ γυναῖκας ἀγαγεῖν τοῖς υἱέσι, καὶ φροντίσαι τῆς αὔξης τοῦ γένους, καὶ ὑπὲρ τῶν ἀνδραποδισάντων προσεύξασθαι.","english":"I shattered wooden bars, and I will make iron bars in place of these.\" He calls the yoke of the Babylonians iron, since the punishment would be heavier because of their disobedience. Then the prophet, being displeased, since he had accurately learned of Hananiah's false oracle-mongering, said to him: \"Hear now, Hananiah, the Lord has not sent you, and you have made this people trust in unjust things.\" He also foretells his death within a few months. \"For you have spoken a turning away to the Lord,\" he says. That is, You have prepared the people to turn away from the divine oracles and to believe your falsehood. Then he recounted both the death of the false prophet and the immeasurable extent of the divine longsuffering; for he did not immediately deprive him of life, awaiting his repentance; but when he persisted in his wickedness, after seven months he handed him over to death.\n\nCHAPTER 29.\n\nFrom here he moves to another narrative, and teaches how, by God's counsel, he sent letters to the captives in Babylon after the captivity of King Jeconiah. He also gives the names of those who carried the letters. These contained the message that the God of all commands those who had now become captives both to beget children and to build houses and to betroth their daughters to men and to bring wives for their sons and to care for the increase of their race, and to pray for those who had enslaved them.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":118,"ref":"p118","source":"\"Ὅτι ἐν τῇ εἰρήνῃ αὐτῶν, φησὶν, ἔσται ὑμῖν εἰρήνη.\" Τούτῳ συμβαίνει τῷ λόγῳ καὶ ἡ τοῦ Ἀπο στόλου νομοθεσία, παρεγγυῶσα \"ποιεῖσθαι προσευχὰς καὶ ἐντεύξεις, ὑπὲρ βασιλέων, καὶ πάντων τῶν ἐν τῇ ὑπεροχῇ καὶ ἐξουσίᾳ ὄντων, ἵνα ἤρεμον καὶ ἡσύχιον βίον διάγωμεν ἐν πάσῃ εὐσεβείᾳ καὶ σεμνό τητι.\" Ταῦτα μέντοι γενέσθαι προσέταξεν ὁ τῶν ὅλων Θεὸς, διδάσκων αὐτοὺς τοῖς ψευδοπροφήταις μὴ πείθεσθαι, ἀλλὰ τὸν ὡρισμένον ἀναμεῖναι χρόνον· τοῦτο γὰρ διὰ τῶν ἑξῆς δεδήλωκε, λέγων· \"Μὴ ἀναπειθέτωσαν ὑμᾶς οἱ ψευδοπροφῆται ὑμῶν οἱ ἐν ὑμῖν, καὶ μὴ ἀπατάτωσαν ὑμᾶς οἱ μάντεις ὑμῶν. Καὶ μὴ ἀκούετε τῶν ἐνυπνίων ὑμῶν, ὧν ὑμεῖς ἐνυπνιάζεσθε.\" θʹ. Ὅτι ἄδικα οὗτοι προφητεύουσιν ὑμῖν ἐπὶ τῷ ὀνόματί μου· οὐκ ἀπέστειλα αὐτοὺς, φησὶ Κύριος. Διδάσκει δὲ καὶ τὸν τῆς ἐπανόδου καιρόν· τῶν γὰρ ἑβδομήκοντα, φησὶ, πληρουμένων ἐτῶν ἐπι σκέψομαι ὑμᾶς, καὶ τὰς ἀγαθὰς ἐπαγγελίας\n\nπληρώσω. Ὑπισχνεῖται δὲ καὶ πάσης αὐτοὺς ἀξιώσειν κηδε μονίας, καὶ προσευξομένοις παρέξειν ἀγαθά· \"Ὅταν γὰρ, φησὶ, ζητήσητέ με ἐν ὅλῃ καρδίᾳ ὑμῶν, ἐπιφανοῦμαι ὑμῖν, φησὶ Κύριος.\" Ἴστε δὲ καὶ τοῦτο, ὡς τοὺς διαφυγόντας τὴν προτέραν αἰχμαλω σίαν, καὶ λιμῷ καὶ σφαγῇ παραδώσω. \"Καὶ δώσω αὐτοὺς, ὥσπερ τὰ σῦκα σουαρεὶμ, ἃ οὐ βρωθήσεται ἀπὸ πονηρίας.\" Ἅπερ εἶπεν ἄνω αἰσχρὰ, ἐνταῦθα σουαρεὶμ ὠνόμασε. Σουαρεὶμ δὲ ἔστι τῇ Ἑβραίων φωνῇ τὰ ἐν ταῖς ὕλαις φυόμενα, τουτέστι τὰ ἄγρια, τὰ ἀνεπιμέλητα, τὰ φυτουργίας οὐκ ἀξιούμενα, τὰ εἰς βρῶσιν ἄχρηστα. ιηʹ. Καὶ δώσω αὐτοὺς εἰς σάλον πάσαις ταῖς βασιλείαις τῆς γῆς.","english":"For in their peace,\" he says, \"there will be peace for you.\" The legislation of the Apostle also agrees with this saying, enjoining us \"to make prayers and intercessions for kings and for all who are in high position and authority, so that we may lead a quiet and tranquil life in all piety and dignity.\" God, the Lord of all, commanded these things to happen, teaching them not to be persuaded by the false prophets, but to await the appointed time; for he has made this clear through what follows, saying: \"Let not your false prophets who are among you persuade you, and let not your diviners deceive you. And do not listen to your dreams, which you yourselves dream.\" 9. \"For these prophesy unjustly to you in my name; I did not send them,\" says the Lord. He also teaches the time of the return; for \"when the seventy years,\" he says, \"are fulfilled, I will visit you, and I will fulfill the good promises.\" He also promises to deem them worthy of all care, and to grant good things to those who pray: \"For when,\" he says, \"you seek me with your whole heart, I will appear to you,\" says the Lord. Know this also, that those who escaped the former captivity I will deliver over to famine and slaughter. \"And I will give them, like the suareim figs, which cannot be eaten because of their badness.\" What he called shameful above, here he named suareim. Suareim in the Hebrew tongue means those that grow in the woods, that is, the wild, the uncared-for, those not deemed worthy of cultivation, those useless for food. 18. And I will give them over to shaking among all the kingdoms of the earth.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":119,"ref":"p119","source":"Δείσουσι γὰρ ἅπαντες τὰς ἐπ ενεχθείσας ἀκούοντες συμφοράς. \"Καὶ εἰς ὅρκον, καὶ εἰς συριγμὸν, καὶ εἰς ὀνειδισμὸν, ἐν πᾶσι τοῖς ἔθνεσιν, οὗ διέσπειρα αὐτοὺς ἐκεῖ.\" Εἰώθασι πολλοὶ λέγειν, Μὴ πάθοιμι ἃ ὁ δεῖνα πέπονθε! τοῦτο οὖν λέγει εἰς ὅρκον· τὸ δὲ εἰς συριγμὸν πολλάκις εἰρή καμεν. Τοῦ δὲ ὀνειδισμοῦ καὶ ὁ μακάριος μέμνηται Δαβίδ· \"Ἐγενήθημεν ὄνειδος τοῖς γείτοσιν ἡμῶν, μυκτηρισμὸς καὶ χλευασμὸς τοῖς κύκλῳ ἡμῶν·\" καὶ πάλιν· \"Ἔθου ἡμᾶς εἰς ὀνειδισμὸν τοῖς ἔθνεσι.\" Ταῦτα δὲ, φησὶ, πείσονται, \"Ὅτι ἀπέστειλα πρὸς αὐτοὺς τοὺς δούλους μου τοὺς προφή τας, ὀρθρίζων καὶ ἀποστέλλων, καὶ οὐκ ἤκουσαν, φησὶ Κύριος.\" Διὰ τοῦ ὀρθρίζων, τὸ ἐπιμελὲς δεδήλωκεν. Οὐ γὰρ πάρεργον εἶχε τοῦτο, καὶ λίαν σπουδαίαν αὐ τῶν ἐποίει τὴν φροντίδα. Ἔπειτα προλέγει καὶ τῶν δύο ψευδοπροφητῶν τὸν ὄλεθρον, τοῦ Ἀχιὰβ, καὶ τοῦ Σεδεκίου. \"Δώσω γὰρ αὐτοὺς, φησὶν, εἰς χεῖρας Ναβουχοδονόσορ βασιλέως Βαβυλῶνος, καὶ πατάξει αὐτοὺς κατ' ὀφθαλμοὺς ὑμῶν.\" κβʹ. Καὶ λήψονται ἐπ' αὐτοῖς κατάραν ἐν πάσῃ τῇ ἀποικίᾳ Ἰούδα, καὶ ἐν Βαβυλῶνι, λέγοντες, Ποιήσαι σε Κύριος, ὡς Σεδεκίαν ἐποίησε, καὶ Ἀχιάβ. Σαφῶς ἐντεῦθεν μανθάνομεν τῆς κατάρας τὴν ἑρμηνείαν· λέγει δὲ καὶ τῆς τιμωρίας τὸν τρόπον. \"Οὓς ἀπετηγάνισε βασιλεὺς Βαβυλῶνος ἐν πυρί.\" κγʹ. Δι' ἣν ἐποίησαν ἀνομίαν ἐν Ἰσραήλ. Διδάσκει καὶ ταύτης τὸ εἶδος. \"Καὶ ἐμοιχῶντο τὰς γυναῖκας τῶν πολιτῶν αὐτῶν, καὶ λόγον ἐχρημάτισαν ἐπὶ τῷ ὀνόματί μου ἄδικον, ὃν οὐκ ἐχρημάτισα αὐτοῖς Καὶ ἐγώ εἰμι ὁ γνώστης, καὶ ὁ μάρτυς, λέγει Κύριος.\" Οὐδέν με γὰρ, φησὶ, λανθάνει τῶν γιγνομένων·","english":"For all will fear when they hear of the calamities that have been brought upon them. \"And for an oath, and for a hissing, and for a reproach, among all the nations whither I have scattered them there.\" Many are accustomed to say, \"May I not suffer what such-and-such a man has suffered!\" This, then, he calls \"for an oath\"; and we have often spoken of \"for a hissing.\" And the blessed David also makes mention of reproach: \"We have become a reproach to our neighbors, a mockery and a derision to those round about us\"; and again: \"You have made us a reproach to the nations.\" These things, he says, they shall suffer, \"because I sent to them my servants the prophets, rising early and sending, and they did not hear, says the Lord.\" By \"rising early\" he has indicated diligence. For this was not a secondary matter with him, and it made their care exceedingly earnest. Then he foretells also the destruction of the two false prophets, Achiab and Sedekias. \"For I will give them, he says, into the hands of Nabuchodonosor king of Babylon, and he shall strike them before your eyes.\" And they shall take up a curse against them in all the sojourning of Iouda, and in Babylon, saying, \"May the Lord make you as Sedekias and as Achiab.\" From this we clearly learn the meaning of the curse; and he speaks also of the manner of their punishment. \"Whom the king of Babylon fried in fire.\" Because of the lawlessness which they committed in Israel. He teaches also the form of this. \"And they committed adultery with the wives of their fellow citizens, and they brought about a word in my name unjustly, which I did not command them. And I am the knower, and the witness, says the Lord.\" For nothing, he says, that is done escapes me.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":120,"ref":"p120","source":"ἀλλ' ὁρῶ καὶ τὰ ἐν παραβύστῳ τολμώμενα. Ἀπειλεῖ δὲ καὶ Σαμαίᾳ τῷ Ἐλαμίτῃ, ὡς ἐναντία χρησμῳδῆσαι τετολμηκότι, καὶ ἐπιστεῖλαι Σοφονίᾳ τῷ ἱερεῖ, καὶ τοῖς ὑπὸ τοῦτον τελοῦσιν ἱερεῦσιν. Ἐπέστειλε δὲ ταῦτα· κϛʹ. Κύριος ἔδωκέ σε εἰς ἱερέα, ἀντὶ Ἰωδαὲ τοῦ ἱερέως. Ἰωδαὲ ὁ ἀρχιερεὺς πολυθρύλλητος ἦν· Ἐπᾶραι τοίνυν τοῦ Σοφονίου τὸ φρόνημα βουληθεὶς, τῆς ἐκείνου ἀρχῆς ἐμνημόνευσεν. \"Γενέσθαι σε εἰς ἐπιστάτην ἐν οἴκῳ Κυρίου, παντὶ ἀνθρώπῳ προφη τεύοντι, καὶ παντὶ ἀνθρώπῳ μαινομένῳ· ἵνα δῷς αὐ τὸν εἰς τὸ κλεῖσμα Σινὼχ, καὶ εἰς τὸν καταράκτην.\" Καὶ ἤδη προειρήκαμεν, ὡς ἐπιλήπτους ἐκά λουν τοὺς προφήτας· δῆλον δὲ καὶ ἐντεῦθεν· τὸν γὰρ προφήτην συνέταξε τῷ μαινομένῳ· τὸ δὲ Σινώχ ὁ Σύρος εἰρκτήν ἡρμήνευσεν. Λέγει δὲ, ὅτι Διὰ τοῦτο ἄρχεις, ὥστε τοὺς κακὰ προφητεύοντας καθείργειν, καὶ κολάζειν· τοῦτο γὰρ διὰ τῶν ἑξῆς δηλοῖ. κζʹ, κηʹ. Τί γὰρ δὴ, φησὶν, οὐκ ἐπεπλήξατε τῷ Ἱερεμίᾳ, τοιαῦτα γράψαι τετολμηκότι, ὥστε ὑμᾶς καὶ οἰκοδομὰς οἰκοδομῆσαι, καὶ κή πους φυτεῦσαι; Ταύτην ἀνέγνω τὴν ἐπιστολὴν Σοφονίας ὁ ἀρχιερεὺς τῷ προφήτῃ· παραυτίκα δὲ ὁ τῶν ὅλων Θεὸς ἀντιγράψαι τῷ προφήτῃ παρακελεύε ται, καὶ τῷ ἐν Βαβυλῶνι σημῆναι λαῷ, ὡς ψευδῆ Σαμαίας προειρηκώς ἐστιν, οὐκ ἀποσταλεὶς παρὰ τοῦ τῶν ὅλων Θεοῦ. Οὗ δὴ χάριν πρόῤῥιζον αὐτὸν σὺν τῷ γένει παντὶ παραδώσω θανάτῳ, καὶ τῶν ἀνιαρῶν οὐκ ὄψεται τὴν μεταβολήν.","english":"But I also see the things being dared in secret. And he threatens Shemaiah the Elamite, because he dared to prophesy things contrary and to send a letter to Zephaniah the priest, and to the priests who serve under him. And he sent these things: 26. The Lord has given you as a priest in place of Jehoiada the priest. Jehoiada the high priest was much celebrated; therefore, wishing to lift up the mind of Zephaniah, he mentioned that man's office. \"That you should become an overseer in the house of the Lord, over every man who prophesies, and over every man who is mad; so that you may put him into the stocks of Sinōch, and into the cataract.\" And we have already said beforehand that they called the prophets epileptics; and this is clear also from here: for he ranked the prophet with the madman. And Sinōch the Syrian interpreted as prison. And he says that for this reason you rule, so as to shut up and punish those who prophesy evil things; for he makes this clear through what follows. 27, 28. For why, he says, did you not rebuke Jeremiah, who dared to write such things, so that you even built buildings and planted gardens? Zephaniah the high priest read this letter to the prophet; and immediately the God of all things commands the prophet to write back, and to signify to the people in Babylon that Shemaiah has spoken falsely, not having been sent by the God of all things. For this reason I will deliver him root and branch with all his race to death, and he will not see the change of his troubles.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":121,"ref":"p121","source":"Ταῦτα τοίνυν μεμαθηκότες, δείσωμεν τὸ ψεῦδος, καὶ τῇ ἀληθείᾳ πιστεύσωμεν, καὶ τὴν ἀμφιβολίαν τῶν ψυχῶν ἐξελά σωμεν, καὶ τοῖς θείοις ἀκολουθήσωμεν λόγοις, ὅπως ἴδωμεν τῆς ἄνω Ἱερουσαλὴμ τὰ ἀγαθὰ, χάριτι καὶ φιλανθρωπίᾳ τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν\n\nἸησοῦ Χριστοῦ, μεθ' οὗ τῷ Πατρὶ ἡ δόξα, σὺν τῷ ἁγίῳ Πνεύματι, νῦν καὶ ἀεὶ, καὶ εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας τῶν αἰώνων. Ἀμήν.\n\nΤΟΜΟΣ Ζʹ.\n\nΚΕΦΑΛΑΙΟΝ Λʹ.\n\nΔεῖξαι βουλόμενος ὁ Δεσπότης Θεὸς τὴν τῆς προ φητείας ἀλήθειαν συγγραφῇ παραδοῦναι, τῷ προφήτῃ κελεύει τάς τε περὶ τῆς αἰχμαλωσίας, τάς τε περὶ τῆς ἀνακλήσεως γεγενημένας προῤῥήσεις. Πρῶτον μέντοι προλέγει τὰ σκυθρωπά. εʹ, ϛʹ Οὕτως εἶπε Κύριος· Φωνὴν φόβου ἀκού σεσθε· φόβος, καὶ οὐκ ἔστιν εἰρήνη. Ἐρωτήσατε δὴ, καὶ ἴδετε εἰ ἔτεκεν ἄρσεν; Σαφῶς δεδήλωκεν τὴν τῆς ὀδύνης ὑπερβολήν· τὸ γὰρ μέγεθος τῆς συμφορᾶς συνέκρινεν ὠδῖσι τικτούσης. Τοῦτο γὰρ σημαίνει τὸ \"Ἐρωτήσατε καὶ ἴδετε εἰ ἔτεκεν ἄρ σεν;\" Συμφωνεῖ δὲ καὶ τὰ ἑξῆς. \"Καὶ περὶ φό βου, ἐν ᾧ καθέξουσιν ὀσφύν· διότι ἑώρακα πάντα ἄνθρωπον, καὶ αἱ χεῖρες αὐτοῦ ἐπὶ τὴν ὀσφὺν αὐτοῦ, ὡς τικτούσης.\" Νῦν μὲν τὴν ὀδύνην δεικνὺς, τῆς τικτούσης παρατίθησι τὴν εἰκόνα· ἑτέρωθι δὲ, τὸ πένθος διδάσκων, ἐπὶ τῆς κεφαλῆς συμπεπλεγμένας ἔχειν ἕκαστον ἔφη τὰς χεῖρας. \"Πάντα τὰ πρόσ ωπα εἰς ἴκτερον ἐγενήθη.\" Καὶ τοῦτο δέους ση μαντικόν. ζʹ. Ὅτι μεγάλη ἡ ἡμέρα ἐκείνη, καὶ οὐκ ἔστι τοιαύτη· καὶ χρόνος στενότητός ἐστι καὶ θλίψεως παντὶ Ἰακώβ. Ἀπὸ τοῦ μεγέθους τῆς τιμωρίας τὴν ἡμέραν μεγάλην ὠνόμασεν. Εἶτα συνάπτει ψυχαγωγίαν τοῖς σκυθρωποῖς. Λέγει γάρ·","english":"Having learned these things, therefore, let us fear falsehood and believe the truth, and let us drive out the doubt of our souls, and let us follow the divine words, so that we may see the good things of the Jerusalem above, by the grace and love for humanity of our Lord Jesus Christ, with whom be glory to the Father, together with the Holy Spirit, now and always, and unto the ages of ages. Amen.\n\nTOME 7.\n\nCHAPTER 30.\n\nWishing to show the truth of the prophecy, the Master God commands the prophet to commit to writing the predictions that were made both concerning the captivity and concerning the restoration. First, however, he foretells the gloomy things. 5, 6 Thus says the Lord: You shall hear a voice of fear; fear, and there is no peace. Ask now, and see whether a male has given birth. He has clearly indicated the excess of pain; for he compared the magnitude of the calamity to the pangs of a woman giving birth. For this is what \"Ask and see whether a male has given birth\" means. And what follows agrees: \"And concerning fear, in which they shall hold their loins; for I have seen every man, and his hands upon his loins, as of a woman giving birth.\" Now, showing the pain, he sets before us the image of a woman giving birth; but elsewhere, teaching the mourning, he said that each one had his hands clasped upon his head. \"All faces have become as jaundice.\" And this is indicative of fear. 7 For that day is great, and there is no other such; and it is a time of straitness and affliction for all Jacob. From the magnitude of the punishment he called the day great. Then he joins consolation to the gloomy things. For he says:","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":122,"ref":"p122","source":"\"Καὶ ἀπὸ τούτου σωθήσεται.\" Καὶ ὑπισχνεῖται συντρίψειν τὸν τῆς δουλείας ζυγόν. Προλέγει δὲ καὶ τὴν τοῦ τρόπου μεταβολήν. \"Καὶ οὐκ ἐργάσονται ἔτι ἀλλοτρίοις.\" θʹ. Καὶ ἐργάσονται Κυρίῳ τῷ Θεῷ αὑτῶν. Ἀλλοτρίους τὰ εἴδωλα προσηγόρευσε· γνόντες γὰρ ὡς ὁ Δεσπότης Θεὸς, καὶ τὰ ἀγαθὰ χορηγεῖ, καὶ τὰς παιδείας ἐπάγει, πάντων, φησὶ, προτιμήσουσι τὴν αὐτοῦ προφητείαν. \"Καὶ Δαβὶδ τὸν βασιλέα αὐτῶν ἀναστήσω αὐτοῖς.\" Τῇ προφητείᾳ τὸ τέλος ὁ Δεσπό της Χριστὸς ἐπιτέθεικεν. Ἐκ Δαβὶδ γὰρ ἐβλάστησε κατὰ σάρκα, καὶ ποιμαίνει οὐκέτι μόνον τὸν Ἰσραὴλ, ἀλλὰ πάντα τὰ ἔθνη, ὡς ἐν σκιᾷ καὶ τύπῳ, καὶ ἐπὶ τοῦ Ζοροβάβελ ἐδέξατό τινα ἡ πρόῤῥησις ἔκβα σιν. Ταῦτα ὑποσχόμενος πάλιν αὐτοὺς ψυχαγωγεῖ, τὴν ἀνάκλησιν ἐπαγγελλόμενος. Καὶ τοῖς μὲν Βαβυλωνίοις ὄλεθρον ἀπειλεῖ. \"Ποιήσω γὰρ, φησὶν, ἔκλει ψιν ἐν πᾶσι τοῖς ἔθνεσιν, εἰς οὓς διεσκόρπισά σε ἐκεῖ.\" Αὐτοῖς δὲ ἀγαθῶν ἐπαγγελίας προσφέρει. \"Σὲ γὰρ, φησὶν, οὐ μὴ ποιήσω εἰς ἔκλειψιν, καὶ παι δεύσω σε εἰς κρίσιν, καὶ ἀθωῶν οὐκ ἀθωώσω σε.\" Ἀντὶ τοῦ, παιδεύσω, καὶ ψυχαγωγήσω, καὶ οὔτε ἀπαίδευτον ἐάσω, οὔτε ἀβοήθητον καταλείψω· τὸ γὰρ \"ἀθωῶν οὐκ ἀθωώσω σε\" τοῦτο δηλοῖ, ὀντὶ τοῦ, ἀπείραστόν σε τῶν κακῶν οὐκ ἐάσω· τῷ δὲ μεγέθει τῆς ἀπειλῆς μεταβαλεῖν αὐτῶν τὴν πονηρίαν βουλό μενος, ἐπάγει καὶ ταῦτα· ιβʹ, ιγʹ. Βίαιον τὸ σύντριμμά σου· ἀλγηρὰ ἡ πληγή σου. Οὐκ ἔστι κρίνων κρίσιν σου. Οὐδεὶς γὰρ ἀνθρώπων ἤλεγχε τοῦ Ναβουχοδονόσορ τὴν ἀδικίαν. \"Εἰς ἀλγηρὸν ἰατρεύθης,\" τουτέστι σὺν ὀδύνῃ.","english":"And from this he shall be saved.\" And he promises to shatter the yoke of slavery. And he foretells also the change of their manner. \"And they shall no longer serve strangers.\" 9. And they shall serve the Lord their God. He has called the idols \"strangers\"; for having come to know that the Master God both supplies good things and brings disciplines upon all, he says, they shall prefer his prophecy above all things. \"And David their king I will raise up for them.\" The Lord Christ has set the end upon the prophecy. For he sprang from David according to the flesh, and he shepherds no longer only Israel, but all the nations, as in shadow and type, and in the time of Zerubbabel the prediction received some fulfillment. Having promised these things, he again refreshes them, promising their restoration. And to the Babylonians he threatens destruction. \"For I will make, he says, an eclipse among all the nations to which I scattered you there.\" But to them he offers promises of good things. \"For you, he says, I will surely not make an eclipse, and I will discipline you in judgment, and acquitting I will not acquit you.\" In place of \"I will discipline,\" and \"I will refresh,\" and \"I will neither leave you undisciplined nor abandon you helpless\"; for \"acquitting I will not acquit you\" means this, in place of \"I will not allow you to be untested by evils\"; but wishing by the greatness of the threat to change their wickedness, he adds these things also: 12, 13. Your fracture is violent; your wound is painful. There is no one to judge your judgment. For no man convicted Nebuchadnezzar of injustice. \"You were healed unto painfulness,\" that is, with pain.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":123,"ref":"p123","source":"\"Ὠφέλεια οὐκ ἔστι σοι.\" Τὴν ὠφέλειαν νῦν οὐκ ἐπὶ τῆς ψυχῆς τέθεικεν, ἀλλ' ἐπὶ τῆς ἀνθρω πίνης ἐπικουρίας· τοῦτο γὰρ δηλοῖ τὰ ἑξῆς. ιδʹ. Πάντες οἱ φίλοι σου ἐπελάθοντό σου, οὐ μὴ ἐπερωτήσωσι περὶ σοῦ· ὅτι πληγῇ ἐχθροῦ ἔπαισά σε. Οὐ γὰρ ἐχρησάμην τῇ συνήθει μακροθυμίᾳ, ἀλλὰ βαθεῖαν δέδωκα τὴν τομήν. Τοῦτο καὶ ἰατρὸς ποιεῖ χαλεπὸν τὸ πάθος θεώμενος. Καὶ διδάσκων τῆς τιμωρίας τὸ δίκαιον, ἐπήγαγε· \"Παι δείαν στερεὰν ἐπὶ πᾶσαν ἀδικίαν σου· διότι ἐπλη θύνθησαν αἱ ἁμαρτίαι σου.\" Συμφωνεῖ δὲ τούτοις καὶ τὰ ἑξῆς. ιεʹ. Τί βοᾷς ἐπὶ τὸ σύντριμμά σου; βίαιον τὸ ἄλγος σου; Ἀντὶ τοῦ, σφοδρὸν, ἀλλ' ὅμως δίκαιον. \"Διὰ πλῆθος ἀνομιῶν σου,\n\nὅτι ἴσχυσαν αἱ ἁμαρτίαι σου, ἐποίησά σοι ταῦτα.\" Ἀπειλεῖ δὲ ὅμως τοῖς ἐπελθοῦσιν αὐτοῖς πολεμίοις, καὶ σφαγὴν, καὶ δουλείαν· οἱ γὰρ τὸν θάνατον διαπεφευγότες, δοῦλοι τῶν νενικηκότων ἐγένοντο. Ἐπιμένει δὲ αὐτὴν ταῖς χρησταῖς ἐπαγγελίαις ψυχαγωγῶν. ιζʹ. Ὅτι ἀνοίξω τὸ ἴαμά σου, ἀπὸ πληγῆς ὀδυνηρᾶς ἰατρεύσω σε, φησὶ Κύριος. Καὶ τῇ τομῇ, καὶ τῇ σπογγιᾷ, καὶ τοῖς αὐστηροτέροις, καὶ τοῖς ἠπιωτέροις φαρμάκοις ἐχρήσατο. \"Ὅτι διεσπαρμένη ἐκλήθη Σιών.\" Ἐπετώθαζε γὰρ αὐτῇ τὰ γειτο νεύοντα ἔθνη, καὶ τὴν αἰχμαλωσίαν προτιθέντα, καὶ τὴν δουλείαν. \"Αὕτη θήραμα ὑμῶν ἐστιν, ὅτι ζητῶν οὐκ ἔστιν αὐτήν.\" Ἡνίκα, φησὶ, παρεῖδον αὐτὴν καὶ οὐκ ἐπήμυνον, προὔκειτο τοῖς πολεμοῦσιν αὐτὴν, ὡς θήραμα ἕτοιμον. Ἀλλὰ μετὰ τὴν παι δείαν τῆς δουλείας αὐτοὺς ἐλευθερώσω, ὥστε ἐπαν ελθεῖν καὶ δείμασθαι τὰς πόλεις, καὶ τὸν ναὸν ἀνα στῆσαι, καὶ τὴν κατὰ νόμον ἐν αὐτῷ λατρείαν ἐπιτελεῖν.","english":"There is no benefit for you.\" He has not now placed the benefit in the soul, but in human assistance; for what follows makes this clear. 14. All your friends have forgotten you, they will not inquire about you; for I struck you with the blow of an enemy. For I did not employ my customary forbearance, but I gave a deep incision. This is what a physician also does when he sees the disease to be severe. And teaching the justice of the punishment, he added: \"A firm chastisement for all your injustice; because your sins have multiplied.\" What follows agrees with these things. 15. Why do you cry out over your ruin? Your pain is violent? That is, severe, but nevertheless just. \"Because of the multitude of your lawless deeds, because your sins have prevailed, I have done these things to you.\" Yet he threatens those who came against them, both slaughter and slavery; for those who escaped death became slaves of the victors. But he persists, consoling them with good promises. 17. \"For I will open your healing, I will cure you from a painful wound,\" says the Lord. And he employed both the incision and the sponge, and the harsher and the gentler remedies. \"For Zion has been called scattered.\" For the neighboring nations mocked her, setting before her both captivity and slavery. \"She is your prey, because there is no one seeking her.\" When, he says, I overlooked her and did not help, she lay exposed to those who warred against her, as ready prey. But after the chastisement of slavery I will free them, so that they may return and build the cities, and raise up the temple, and perform the worship in it according to the law.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":124,"ref":"p124","source":"Τοῦτο γὰρ ἔφη· \"Καὶ ὁ ναὸς κατὰ τὸ κρίμα αὐτοῦ καθεδεῖται.\" Προστίθησι δὲ καὶ ὅσα τῆς εὐπραξίας ἴδια. ιθʹ. Καὶ ἐξελεύσονται ἀπ' αὐτῶν ᾄδοντες, καὶ φωνὴ παιζόντων. Ὑπισχνεῖται δὲ καὶ αὔξην τοῦ γένους, καὶ πολυγονίαν. \"Χεῶ γὰρ αὐτοὺς, φησὶ, καὶ οὐ μὴ σμικρυνθῶσι.\" κʹ. Καὶ εἰσελεύσονται, φησὶν, οἱ υἱοὶ αὐτῶν, ὡς τὸ πρότερον, καὶ τὰ μαρτύρια αὐτῶν κατὰ πρόσωπόν μου ὀρθωθήσονται. Τὰ μαρτύρια ὁ Σύρος συναγωγὰς ἡρμήνευσε. \"Καὶ ἐπισκέψομαι ἐπὶ πάντας τοὺς θλίβοντας αὐτούς.\" καʹ. Καὶ ἔσονται ἰσχυρότεροι αὐτῶν ἐπ' αὐ τούς. Θλίβοντας τοὺς Βαβυλωνίους λέγει· ἰσχυρο τέρους δὲ τούτων Μήδους καὶ Πέρσας· οὗτοι γὰρ αὐτῶν τὴν σωτηρίαν κατέλυσαν. \"Καὶ ὁ ἄρχων αὐτοῦ ἐξ αὐτοῦ ἐξελεύσεται.\" Κατὰ τὸν τῆς αἰχμαλωσίας καιρὸν, ἄρχοντα τῶν Βαβυλωνίων εἶχον τὸν βασιλέα. Μετὰ δὲ τὴν ἐπάνοδον, πρῶτον μὲν ἔσχον τὸν Ζοροβάβελ, καὶ τὸν τοῦ Ἰωσεδὲκ υἱόν· μετὰ δὲ ταῦτα, ὑπὸ τῶν ἀρχιερέων ἰθύνοντο. \"Ὅτι τίς ἐστιν οὗτος, ὃς ἔδωκε τὴν καρδίαν αὐτοῦ ἐπιστρέψαι πρός με; φησὶ Κύριος.\" Τοῦτο καὶ ἀλλαχοῦ φησιν· Ἐρωτήσατε γενεὰς τὰς γενομένας προτέρας ὑμῶν, τίς ἐπίστευσε Κυρίῳ, καὶ κατῃσχύνθη. Εἶτα τῇ τοῦ Θεοῦ ὀργῇ τὰ συμβεβηκότα αὐτοῖς ἀνατίθησιν ἀλγεινά· καὶ δεικνὺς αὐτῆς τὸ δίκαιον, ἐπάγει· \"Ἐπ' ἀσεβεῖς ἥξει.\" Διδάσκων δὲ καὶ τὸ δυνατὸν, ἐπιφέρει· κδʹ. Οὐ μὴ ἀποστραφῇ ὀργὴ θυμοῦ Κυρίου, ἕως ἂν ποιήσῃ, καὶ ἕως οὗ πληρώσῃ ἐγχείρημα καρδίας αὑτοῦ. Τῇ γὰρ βουλῇ αὐτοῦ τίς ἀνθέστηκε;","english":"For he said this: \"And the temple will sit according to his judgment.\" And he adds also the things that are proper to good conduct. 19. \"And they will come out from them singing, and the voice of those playing.\" And he promises also the increase of the race, and many offspring. \"For I will pour them out,\" he says, \"and they will not be diminished.\" 20. \"And the sons of these,\" he says, \"will enter in, as before, and their testimonies will be set upright before my face.\" The Syriac interpreted \"testimonies\" as synagogues. \"And I will visit upon all those who afflict them.\" 21. \"And they will be stronger than them against them.\" He calls the Babylonians those who afflict; and the Medes and Persians stronger than these; for these destroyed their salvation. \"And their ruler will come out from them.\" In the time of the captivity, they had the king as ruler of the Babylonians. But after the return, they first had Zerubbabel, and the son of Josedek; and after these things, they were governed by the high priests. \"For who is this who gave his heart to turn to me? says the Lord.\" This he says also elsewhere: Ask the generations that came before you, who believed in the Lord and was put to shame. Then he attributes the painful things that happened to them to the anger of God; and showing its justice, he adds: \"It will come upon the impious.\" And teaching also what is possible, he adds: 24. \"The anger of the wrath of the Lord will not turn back until he does, and until he fulfills the undertaking of his own heart.\" For who has stood against his counsel?","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":125,"ref":"p125","source":"Τὴν ἀπιστίαν αὐτῶν ἐλέγχων, \"Ἐπ' ἐσχάτων, φησὶ, τῶν ἡμερῶν γνώσεσθε αὐτά.\" Ἐπειδὴ τοὺς λόγους οὐ πιστεύετε, δι' αὐτῶν μαθήσεσθε τῶν πραγμάτων τῆς πείρας.\n\nΚΕΦΑΛ. ΛΑʹ.\n\nἈναμίξας δὲ πάλιν τὰ θυμήρη τοῖς σκυθρωποῖς, τὴν τούτων αἰτίαν διδάσκει. βʹ. Οὕτως εἶπε Κύριος· Εὗρον θερμὸν ἐν ἐρήμῳ, μετὰ ὀλωλότων ἐν μαχαίρᾳ πορευομένους ἐν σπουδαῖς Ἰσραήλ. Τὸ θερμὸν καὶ ὁ Σύρος καὶ ὁ Ἑβραῖος οἰκτιρμὸν τεθείκασιν· ἔχει δέ τινα πρὸς τοῦτο συγγένειαν καὶ ἡ ἑρμηνεία τῆς Ἑλλάδος φωνῆς· ὑποθερμαινόμενος γάρ τις χαυνοῦται εἰς ἔλεον· ἔρημον δὲ καλεῖ τὴν Βαβυλῶνα· καὶ διδάσκει ὅτι ἐκεῖ δουλεύοντας ᾤκτειρεν ὁ Δεσπότης. Συμφωνεῖ δὲ καὶ τῇ Σύρου ἑρμηνείᾳ καὶ τὰ ἑξῆς. γʹ. Ἀγάπησιν αἰωνίαν ἠγάπησά σε· διὰ τοῦτο εἵλκυσά σε εἰς οἰκτείρημα. Οὐχ ὁ σὸς, φησὶ, τρό πος αἴτιός σοι τῆς σωτηρίας· ἀλλ' ὁ ἐμὸς ἔλεος. Προλέγει δὲ, ὅτι πάλιν χορεύσουσι τυμπάνοις κεχρη μένοι, καὶ τοῖς ἄλλοις ὀργάνοις, καὶ φυτουργίας φροντίσουσι, καὶ τὰς θείας ἐπιτελέσουσιν ἑορτάς. Προλέγει καὶ τὴν ἕνωσιν τῶν φυλῶν. ϛʹ. Ὅτι ἔστιν ἡμέρα κλήσεως ἀπολογου μένου ἐν ὄρεσιν Ἐφραΐμ· Ἀνάστητε, καὶ ἀναβῶμεν εἰς Σιὼν, πρὸς Κύριον τὸν Θεὸν ἡμῶν. Οὗτοι γὰρ, οἱ πάλαι ταῖς δαμάλεσι λατρεύοντες, ὑπὲρ τῶν προτέρων ἁμαρτημάτων ἀπολογήσονται, καὶ εἰς τὴν Σιὼν δραμοῦνται, καὶ τὸν τῶν","english":"Refuting their unbelief, he says, \"In the last days you will know these things.\" Since you do not believe the words, you will learn them through the things themselves by experience.\n\nCHAPTER 31.\n\nAnd again, having mingled the pleasant things with the gloomy, he teaches the cause of these. 2. Thus says the Lord: I found him warm in the desert, with those who had perished by the sword, walking in earnest, Israel. Both the Syrian and the Hebrew have rendered \"warm\" as \"compassion\"; and the interpretation of the Greek word has a certain kinship to this; for one who is warmed is softened toward mercy. And he calls Babylon a desert; and he teaches that the Master pitied them while they were serving as slaves there. And the things that follow agree also with the Syrian interpretation. 3. With an eternal love I have loved you; therefore I have drawn you to compassion. Not your own manner of life, he says, is the cause of your salvation, but my mercy. And he foretells that again they will dance, using timbrels and the other instruments, and will attend to the planting of vineyards, and will celebrate the divine feasts. He foretells also the union of the tribes. 6. For there is a day of calling, of one making defense in the mountains of Ephraim: Arise, and let us go up to Zion, to the Lord our God. For these, who formerly served the heifers, will make defense for their former sins, and will run to Zion, and the","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":126,"ref":"p126","source":"ὅλων Θεὸν προσκυνήσουσι. Παρακελεύεται δὲ αὐτοῖς, τὸν μὲν Θεὸν ἀνυμνεῖν μετ' εὐφροσύνης, κατὰ δὲ τῶν γειτονευόντων ἐθνῶν μέγα φρονεῖν. Τοῦτο γὰρ λέγει· \"Χρεμε τίσατε ἐπὶ κεφαλὴν ἐθνῶν.\" Καὶ δηλώσατε διὰ τού του τὴν θείαν ἐπικουρίαν. Λέγει δὲ καὶ τὸν τῆς ἐπανόδου καιρόν. ηʹ. Συνάξω γὰρ αὐτοὺς, φησὶν, ἐν ἑορτῇ Φασὲκ ἀπ' ἐσχάτου τῆς γῆς. Τὸ δὲ Φασὲκ τὸ Πάσχα ἑρμηνεύεται τῇ Ἑλλάδι φωνῇ. Καὶ τὸ πλῆθος αὐτῶν σημαίνων· \"Ἐν αὐτοῖς, φησὶ, χωλὸς καὶ τυφλὸς, ἔγκυος καὶ τίκτουσα, ὁμοθυμαδὸν ἐκκλησία μεγάλη.\" Ἐν γὰρ ταῖς πολυανθρώποις πόλεσι πάντα ἔστιν εὑρεῖν τὰ τοιαῦτα. Ἀναμιμνήσκει δὲ καὶ τοῦ τῆς αἰχμαλωσίας κλαυθμοῦ· καὶ προλέγει τῆς ἐπανόδου τὴν θυμηδίαν, καὶ τὰς κατὰ τὴν ὁδοι πορίαν ψυχαγωγίας. \"Ἐν παρακλήσει γὰρ, φησὶν, ἀνάξω αὐτοὺς, αὐλίζων ἐπὶ διορυγὰς ὑδάτων, ἐν ὁδῷ εὐθείᾳ, καὶ οὐ μὴ πλανηθῶσιν ἔτι ἐν αὐτῇ.\" Καὶ τὴν αἰτίαν τῆς κηδεμονίας δεικνὺς ἐπήγαγεν· \"Ὅτι ἐγενόμην τῷ Ἰσραὴλ εἰς πατέρα, καὶ Ἐφραῒμπρωτότοκός μού ἐστιν.\" Ἐφραῒμ οὐ τὸν τοῦ Ἰωσὴφ καλεῖ υἱὸν, ἀλλὰ τὰς δέκα φυλάς· ἐν αὐταῖς δὲ ἦν Ῥουβὴν ὁ πρωτότοκος, καὶ Συμεὼν ὁ δεύτερος. Ἐκαλοῦντο δὲ Ἐφραῒμ αἱ δέκα φυλαὶ, ἐπειδὴ τὰ βασίλεια ἐν τῷ κλήρῳ τοῦ Ἐφραῒμ ᾠκοδόμητο. Καὶ καθάπερ νῦν ἀπὸ τῆς Ῥωμαίων πόλεως Ῥωμαῖοι πάντες ὀνομαζόμεθα· οὕτως ἀπὸ τοῦ Ἐφραῒμ προσηγορεύοντο τηνικαῦτα αἱ δέκα φυλαί. Ταῦτα δὲ καὶ ἐν τοῖς ἔθνεσι κηρυχθῆναι κελεύει, καὶ μηνυθῆναι πᾶσι τοῦ λαοῦ τὴν ἐπάνοδον· ἐγένετο δὲ οὐ διὰ λόγων τὸ κήρυγμα, ἀλλ' ἤκουον πάντες, γεγωνότερον τῶν πραγμάτων βοώντων.","english":"They will worship God as a whole. And he urges them to hymn God with gladness, and to think greatly of themselves over the neighboring nations. For this is what he says: \"Neigh over the head of the nations.\" And show by this the divine assistance. And he also speaks of the time of the return. 8. \"For I will gather them,\" he says, \"in the feast of Phasek from the ends of the earth.\" And Phasek is interpreted in the Greek tongue as Pascha. And indicating their multitude: \"Among them,\" he says, \"the lame and the blind, the pregnant and the one giving birth, a great assembly with one accord.\" For in populous cities one can find all such things. And he reminds them also of the weeping of the captivity, and foretells the cheerfulness of the return, and the refreshment of soul along the journey. \"For with consolation,\" he says, \"I will bring them up, lodging them by the diggings of waters, in a straight way, and they shall no longer wander in it.\" And showing the cause of his care, he added: \"For I have become a father to Israel, and Ephraim is my firstborn.\" He does not call Ephraim the son of Joseph, but the ten tribes; and among them was Reuben the firstborn, and Simeon the second. But the ten tribes were called Ephraim, since the royal palace had been built in the lot of Ephraim. And just as now from the city of the Romans we are all named Romans, so then the ten tribes were called from Ephraim. And he commands that these things be proclaimed also among the nations, and that the return of the people be made known to all; and the proclamation came about not through words, but all heard, since the deeds cried out more loudly.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":127,"ref":"p127","source":"Ὑπισχνεῖται δὲ καὶ γῆς εὐκαρπίαν, καὶ κτηνῶν πολυγονίαν, καὶ ψυχῆς εὐ φροσύνην. Τὸ δέ· ιδʹ. Μεθύσω τὴν ψυχὴν τῶν ἱερέων, τῶν υἱῶν Λευΐ, ἀντὶ τοῦ, ἀγαθῶν ἐμπλήσω παντοδαπῶν· τοῦτο γὰρ δηλοῖ καὶ τὰ ἐπαγόμενα. \"Καὶ ὁ λαός μου τῶν ἀγαθῶν ἐμπλησθήσεται, φησὶ Κύριος.\" ιεʹ. Οὕτως εἶπε Κύριος· Φωνὴ ἐν Ῥαμᾷ ἠκού σθη, θρῆνος, καὶ κλαυθμὸς, καὶ ὀδυρμός· Ῥαχὴλ ἀποκλαιομένη ἐπὶ τοὺς υἱοὺς αὑ τῆς, καὶ οὐκ ἤθελε παρακληθῆναι ἐπὶ τοῖς υἱοῖς αὑτῆς, ὅτι οὐκ εἰσίν. Καὶ ἡ Ῥαμὰ τῆς Βενιαμίτιδος ἦν φυλῆς· καὶ τῆς Ῥαχὴλ ὁ τάφος ἐν τῷ ἱπποδρόμῳ ἐστὶ Χαφραθὰ, τοῦ ἐλθεῖν εἰς Ἐφραθά. Καὶ τέλος μὲν ἔλαβεν ἡ προφητεία ἐπὶ Ἡρώδου τοῦ πρώτου· οὗτος γὰρ ἀνεῖλε τὰ βρέφη, συναναιρήσειν ἐλπίζων τὸν γεννηθέντα Σωτῆρα. Τέθεικε δὲ ταῦτα ὁ προφήτης μεταξὺ τῆς τῶν ἀγαθῶν ἐπαγγελίας· διδάσκων, ὅτι τὸ ἀληθῶς ἀγαθὸν, καὶ τὸ τῆς σωτη ρίας κεφάλαιον, τοῦ Κυρίου καὶ Σωτῆρος ἡμῶν ἡ κατὰ σάρκα γέννησις, δι' ἣν ὑπέμεινε τὰ βρέφη τὴν ἄδικον ἐκείνην σφαγήν. ιϛʹ. Τάδε λέγει Κύριος· Διαλειπέτω ἡ φωνή σου ἀπὸ κλαυθμοῦ, καὶ οἱ ὀφθαλμοί σου ἀπὸ δακρύων· ὅτι ἔστι μισθὸς τοῖς σοῖς ἔργοις, φησὶ Κύριος, καὶ ἐπιστρέψουσιν οἱ υἱοὶ αὐτῶν εἰς τὰ ὄρη αὑτῶν. Καὶ διδάσκων ποίων ἔργων ὑπισχνεῖται μισθὸν, ὑποδείκνυσιν αὐτῷ τὴν ἐν Βαβυ λῶνι μετάνοιαν. ιηʹ. Ἀκούων ἤκουσα Ἐφραῒμ ὀδυρομένου. Διδάσκει δὲ καὶ τίσιν ἐκέχρητο λόγοις· \"Ἐπαίδευσάς με, Κύριε, καὶ οὐκ ἐπαιδεύθην· ὥσπερ μόσχος οὐκ ἐδιδάχθην.\" Τοῦτο καὶ ὁ προφήτης ἐν τοῖς πρόσθεν εἴρηκεν· \"Ἐμαστίγωσας αὐτοὺς, καὶ οὐκ ἐπόνεσαν·","english":"He also promises fruitfulness of the earth, and many offspring of cattle, and gladness of soul. And the phrase, \"I will make drunk the soul of the priests, the sons of Levi,\" means, I will fill them with all kinds of good things; for this is what the words that follow also make clear: \"And my people shall be filled with good things, says the Lord.\" And thus says the Lord: \"A voice was heard in Ramah, lamentation, and weeping, and wailing; Rachel weeping for her sons, and she would not be comforted for her sons, because they are not.\" And Ramah belonged to the tribe of Benjamin; and the tomb of Rachel is in the hippodrome at Chapharatha, on the way to Ephratha. And the prophecy received its fulfillment in the time of Herod the first; for he killed the infants, hoping to destroy along with them the Savior who had been born. And the prophet has placed these things in the midst of the promise of good things, teaching that the truly good thing, and the sum of salvation, is the bodily birth of our Lord and Savior, for which the infants endured that unjust slaughter. Thus says the Lord: \"Let your voice cease from weeping, and your eyes from tears; for there is a reward for your works, says the Lord, and your sons shall return to their own mountains.\" And teaching of what works he promises the reward, he shows him the repentance in Babylon. I have heard Ephraim lamenting. And he teaches also what words he used: \"You chastised me, Lord, and I was not chastised; like a calf I was not taught.\" This the prophet also said in the preceding: \"You scourged them, and they did not feel pain.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":128,"ref":"p128","source":"συνετέλεσας αὐτοὺς, καὶ οὐκ ἠθέλησαν δέξασθαι παι δείαν.\" Καὶ Ὡσηὲ δὲ ὁ προφήτης φησίν· \"Ἐφραῒμ δάμαλις δεδιδαγμένη ἀγαπᾷν νεῖκος.\" Ἀντιλέγει, φησὶ, καὶ οὐ δέχεται τὸν τοῦ νόμου ζυγόν. Καὶ πάλιν· \"Ἐγένετο Ἐφραῒμ, ὡς παροιστρῶσα δάμαλις.\" Τίθησι δὲ καὶ ἅπερ ποτνιώμενος ἔλεγεν· \"Ἐπίστρεψόν με, Κύριε, καὶ ἐπιστρέψω· ὅτι σὺ Κύριος ὁ Θεός μου εἶ.\" Σοῦ γὰρ μὴ θέλοντος, οὐκ ἀπαλλαγή σομαι τῆς δουλείας. ιθʹ. Ὅτι ὕστερον αἰχμαλωσίας μου μετε νόησα, καὶ ὕστερον τοῦ γνῶναι ἐκρότησα ἐπὶ μηρὸν, καὶ ἐστέναξα ἐφ' ἡμέραις αἰσχύνης μου. Μετὰ τὴν πεῖραν τῶν κακῶν, εἰς αἴσθησιν ἦλθε τῆς ἁμαρτίας. Τοῦτο καὶ ὁ μακάριος Δαβὶδ εἶπε· \"Πρὸ τοῦ με ταπεινωθῆναι, ἐγὼ ἐπλημμέλησα· διὰ τοῦτο τὸ λόγιόν σου ἐφύλαξα.\" Καὶ πάλιν· \"Ἀγαθόν μοι, ὅτι ἐταπείνωσάς με,\n\nὅπως ἂν μάθω τὰ δικαιώματά σου.\" Τὸ δὲ πατάσσειν τὸν μηρὸν, τῶν ὀδυνομένων καὶ μεταμελουμένων ἴδιον. \"Καί γε ἐνετράπην, καὶ ὑπεῖξά σοι, ὅτι ἔλαβον ὀνειδισμὸν ἐκ νεότητός μου.\" Ἄνωθεν γὰρ καὶ ἐξ ἀρχῆς παρα βαίνων σου τὰς ἐντολὰς διετέλεσα. Δείκνυσι δὲ καὶ τὴν φιλανθρωπίαν ὁ Δεσπότης, καί φησιν· κʹ. Εἰ υἱὸς ἀγαπητὸς ἐμοὶ Ἐφραῒμ, εἰ παιδίον ἐντρυφῶν. Ἀντὶ τοῦ, τρυφερὸν, καὶ ἐπίχαρι· εἰ ἐπιμένεις, φησὶ, ταύτῃ χρώμενος τῇ διαθέσει, καὶ τῆς ἐμῆς μεμνημένος κηδεμονίας, τῶν ἀγαθῶν ἀπολαύσεις· τὴν γὰρ ὑπόσχεσιν ἐντέθεικε τοῖς ἑξῆς. \"Ὅτι ἀνθ' ὧν οἱ λόγοι μου ἐν αὐτῷ εἰσι, μνείᾳ μνησθήσομαι αὐτοῦ ἔτι.\" Ἐπειδὴ μεταμελείᾳ κέ χρηται, καὶ τῶν ἐμῶν ἐντολῶν μνημονεύει, τῆς παρ' ἐμοῦ τεύξεται προμηθείας.","english":"You have completed them, and they were not willing to receive discipline.\" And Hosea the prophet also says: \"Ephraim is a heifer trained to love strife.\" He contends, he says, and does not accept the yoke of the law. And again: \"Ephraim has become like a heifer stung by the gadfly.\" He also sets down what he said in lamentation: \"Turn me back, Lord, and I shall be turned back, for you are the Lord my God.\" For unless you will it, I shall not be released from slavery. 19. That after my captivity I repented, and after I came to know, I struck my thigh, and I groaned in the days of my shame. After the experience of evils, he came to a perception of his sin. The blessed David also said this: \"Before I was humbled, I transgressed; therefore I kept your word.\" And again: \"It is good for me that you humbled me, so that I might learn your statutes.\" And striking the thigh is characteristic of those who grieve and repent. \"Indeed I was put to shame, and I yielded to you, because I bore reproach from my youth.\" For from the beginning and from the first I continued transgressing your commandments. But the Master also shows his love for humanity, and says: 20. If Ephraim is a beloved son to me, if a child delighting himself. Instead of, tender and pleasing; if you persist, he says, in this disposition, and remember my care, you shall enjoy good things; for he has placed the promise in what follows. \"Because in return for my words being in him, I will surely remember him still.\" Since he has repented and remembers my commandments, he shall obtain providence from me.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":129,"ref":"p129","source":"\"Διὰ τοῦτο γὰρ, φησὶν, ἐπισκέψομαι αὐτὸν, ἐλεῶν ἐλεήσω αὐτόν.\" Εἶτα παρακελεύεται τοῖς τῆς μετανοίας κεχρῆσθαι φαρμάκοις. καʹ. Στῆσον σεαυτὴν σιονείμ. Τὸ σιονεὶμ ὁ Σύρος σημεῖα ἡρμήνευσεν· ἀντὶ τοῦ, ἐπισημήνασθαι ἔδει, τίνας μὲν ἐκ τῆς παρανομίας ἐδρέψω καρποὺς, ποίων δέ σοι ἀγαθῶν μεταμέλεια γεγένηται πρόξενος. Διὰ τοῦτο καὶ τῇ αὐθαιρέτῳ παιδείᾳ κεχρῆσθαι παρ εγγυᾷ. \"Ποίησον σεαυτῇ τιμωρίαν, δὸς τὴν καρ δίαν σου εἰς τοὺς ὤμους σου.\" Ἀντὶ τοῦ, Ἐπίθες σεαυτῇ τὸ φορτίον τῆς μετανοίας. Ἐπίμεινον οἷς προείλου καλῶς· τοῦτο γὰρ ἐπήγαγεν, \"Ὁδὸν ἣν πεπόρευσαι.\" Εἶτα παρακελεύεται αὐτῇ ἀναστρέψαι, καὶ εἰς τὰς οἰκείας πόλεις ἐπανελθεῖν, καὶ μὴ καταλιπεῖν τὸ πένθος. \"Ἀπόστρεψον γὰρ, φησὶν, εἰς τὰς πόλεις σου πενθοῦσα.\" Οὐκ ἐναντίον δὲ τῇ εὐφροσύνῃ τὸ τοιοῦτον πένθος. Χρὴ γὰρ ἡμᾶς, καὶ τῶν ἀγαθῶν ἀπολαύοντας, τῶν οἰκείων μεμνῆσθαι παραπτωμάτων, καὶ ταῦτα θρηνεῖν. κβʹ. Ἕως πότε ἀποστρέψεις θυγάτηρ ἠτιμωμένη· ὅτι ἔκτισέ σε Κύριος εἰς σωτηρίαν, εἰς καταφύτευσιν καινὴν, ἐν τῇ σωτηρίᾳ περι ελεύσονται ἄνθρωποι. Ἔδειξεν ἐνταῦθα σαφῶς καὶ τῆς ἀνακλήσεως τὴν αἰτίαν· τὴν γὰρ καινὴν καταφύτευσιν δι' αὐτῆς ἔσεσθαι προθεσπίζει· ταύτην δὲ οἱ ἐξ αὐτῆς βλαστήσαντες ἀπόστολοι τῇ οἰκουμένῃ προσήνεγκαν· καὶ τοῦτο σαφῶς ὁ προφητικὸς ἔφη λόγος. \"Ἐν τῇ σωτηρίᾳ περιελεύσονται ἄνθρωποι.\" Οὗτοι γὰρ τὰ ἔθνη περινοστήσαντες, τὴν σωτηρίαν αὐτοῖς διὰ τῆς θεογνωσίας προσήνεγκαν. Εἶτα πάλιν τὰ μετὰ τὴν ἐπάνοδον ἀγαθὰ προαγορεύει, καὶ τὴν ἐντεῦθεν φυομένην εὐφροσύνην.","english":"For this reason, he says, I will visit him, and I will surely have mercy on him.\" Then he urges her to use the medicines of repentance. 29. Set yourself up as a signpost. The Syriac interpreted sionim as \"signs\"; that is, you ought to have marked out what fruits you reaped from lawlessness, and what goods regret has become the cause of for you. For this reason he also guarantees that she has used voluntary discipline. \"Make for yourself a punishment, give your heart to your shoulders.\" That is, lay upon yourself the burden of repentance. Persist in what you have well chosen; for this he added, \"The road you have traveled.\" Then he urges her to turn back and return to her own cities, and not to abandon mourning. \"For turn back, he says, to your cities, mourning.\" Such mourning is not contrary to gladness. For we ought, even when enjoying good things, to remember our own transgressions and lament them. 22. How long will you turn away, dishonored daughter? For the Lord created you for salvation, for a new planting; in salvation people will go about. He has shown here clearly also the reason for the recall; for he foretells that the new planting will come about through her; and the apostles who sprouted from her brought this to the inhabited world; and the prophetic word said this clearly. \"In salvation people will go about.\" For these, going around the nations, brought salvation to them through the knowledge of God. Then again he foretells the good things after the return, and the gladness that grows from it.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":130,"ref":"p130","source":"Τὸ δὲ, \"Σπερῶ ἐπὶ τὸν οἶκον Ἰσραὴλ, καὶ ἐπὶ τὸν οἶκον Ἰούδα, σπέρμα ἀνθρώπων, καὶ σπέρμα κτηνῶν,\" τὸ πλῆθος σημαίνει. κθʹ, λʹ. Ἐν ταῖς ἡμέραις ἐκείναις, φησὶν, οὐ μὴ εἴπωσιν, οἱ πατέρες ἔφαγον ὄμφακα, καὶ οἱ ὀδόντες τῶν τέκνων ᾑμωδίασαν. Ἀλλ' ἕκαστος ἐν τῇ ἁμαρτίᾳ αὐτοῦ ἀποθανεῖται, καὶ τοῦ φαγόντος τὸν ὄμφακα αἱμωδιάσουσιν οἱ ὀδόντες αὐτοῦ. Τοῦτο σαφέστερον καὶ διὰ τοῦ θεσπεσίου Ἐζεκιὴλ ὁ Δεσπότης, καὶ ἡμεῖς δὲ διὰ πλειόνων τὴν ἑρμηνείαν ἐποιησάμεθα. Ὃ δὲ λέγει, τοιοῦτόν ἐστιν· Ὥσπερ οὐχ οἷόν τε τὸν ὄμφακα ἐσθίειν, τοῦ δὲ ἐσθίοντος τοὺς ὀδόντας μὴ αἱμωδιά σαι· οὕτως οὐχ οἷόν τε τῶν πατέρων ἡμαρτηκότων, δίκας εἰσπραχθῆναι τοὺς παῖδας. Καὶ εἰς βεβαίωσιν τοῦ εἰρημένου τὰ ἐπαγόμενα τίθησιν. λαʹ, λβʹ. Ἰδοὺ ἡμέραι ἔρχονται, λέγει Κύριος, καὶ διαθήσομαι τῷ οἴκῳ Ἰσραὴλ καὶ τῷ οἴκῳ Ἰούδα Διαθήκην καινήν. Οὐ κατὰ τὴν Διαθήκην ἣν διεθέμην τοῖς πατράσιν αὐτῶν ἐν ἡμέρᾳ ἐπιλαβομένου μου τῆς χειρὸς αὐτῶν, ὥστε ἐξαγαγεῖν αὐτοὺς ἐκ γῆς Αἰγύπτου· ὅτι αὐτοὶ οὐκ ἐνέμειναν ἐν τῇ Διαθήκῃ μου, καὶ ἐγὼ ἠμέλησα αὐτῶν, λέγει Κύριος. Οὕτω, φησὶν, ἀδύνατόν ἐστι τοὺς παῖδας εἰσπραχθῆναι δίκας ὑπὲρ πατρῴων ἁμαρτημάτων, ὅτι καὶ τῶν πατέρων ἡμαρτηκότων τὰ μέγιστα ἀγαθὰ τοῖς παισὶν ἐπαγγέλλομαι. Πολλὰς μέντοι κατ' αὐτὸ προῤῥήσεις ἡμᾶς ἐδίδαξε· πρῶτον μὲν, ὅτι εἷς ἐστι νομοθέτης τῶν δύο Διαθηκῶν· εἶτα τῆς προτέρας Διαθήκης τὸ ἀτε λές· οὐ γὰρ ἂν ἐδεήθημεν τῆς δευτέρας, τῆς προ τέρας ἀρκούσης· πρὸς τούτοις, ὅτι ὁ μονογενὴς τοῦ Θεοῦ Λόγος τῶν εὐαγγελικῶν ἡμῖν ἀγαθῶν","english":"But the statement, \"I will sow upon the house of Israel and upon the house of Judah seed of men and seed of cattle,\" signifies abundance. 29, 30. In those days, he says, they shall no longer say, The fathers ate a sour grape, and the teeth of the children were set on edge. But each one shall die in his own sin, and the teeth of the one who eats the sour grape shall be set on edge. The Lord made this clearer also through the divine Ezekiel, and we ourselves have given the interpretation at greater length. What he says is of this sort: just as it is impossible to eat a sour grape without the eater's teeth being set on edge, so it is impossible, when the fathers have sinned, for the children to be exacted punishment. And for confirmation of what has been said he adds what follows. 31, 32. Behold, days are coming, says the Lord, and I will make with the house of Israel and with the house of Judah a new covenant. Not according to the covenant which I made with their fathers in the day when I took hold of their hand to bring them out of the land of Egypt; because they did not remain in my covenant, and I disregarded them, says the Lord. Thus, he says, it is impossible for children to be exacted punishment for ancestral sins, because even though the fathers have sinned, I promise the greatest good things to the children. Indeed, he has taught us many things by this very prophecy: first, that there is one lawgiver of the two covenants; then, the imperfection of the former covenant—for we would not have needed the second, if the first had sufficed; in addition to these, that the only-begotten Word of God [has given] us the good things of the gospel","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":131,"ref":"p131","source":"χορηγὸς ἐγένετο· αὐτὸς τὸν Ἰσραὴλ ἠλευθέρωσε τῆς Αἰγυπτίων δουλείας. Αὐτὸς τοιγαροῦν, καὶ τῷ Μωσῇ δια λεγόμενος ἔφη· \"Ἐγώ εἰμι ὁ ὤν.\" Καὶ ἱκανὸς ὁ λόγος, οὐ μόνον τὴν Ἰουδαίων διελέγξαι παρανομίαν, ἀλλὰ καὶ τὴν αἱρετικὴν βλασφημίαν γυμνῶσαι. λγʹ. Ὅτι αὕτη ἡ Διαθήκη, ἣν διαθήσομαι τῷ οἴκῳ Ἰσραὴλ καὶ τῷ οἴκῳ Ἰούδα, μετὰ τὰς ἡμέρας ἐκείνας, φησὶ Κύριος· Διδοὺς νόμους μου ἐπὶ διανοίας αὐτῶν, καὶ ἐπὶ τοῦ στή θους τῶν καρδιῶν αὐτῶν γράψω αὐτοὺς, καὶ ἔσομαι αὐτοῖς εἰς Θεὸν, καὶ αὐτοὶ ἔσονταί μοι εἰς λαόν. Τοῦτο δι' αὐτῶν ἡμῖν ὁ Θεὸς τῶν πραγμάτων ἔδειξε. Τοὺς γὰρ ἱεροὺς ἀποστόλους εἰς τὸ ὄρος ἀναγαγὼν, οὐ πλάκας αὐτοῖς ἔδωκε λιθίνας, ἀλλ' ἐν ταῖς καρδίαις αὐτῶν τοὺς θείους ἐνέγραψε νόμους, καὶ τοὺς μακαρισμοὺς προσενήνοχε τοῖς ἐργάταις τῆς ἀρετῆς. λδʹ. Καὶ οὐ μὴ διδάξωσιν ἔτι ἕκαστος τὸν πλησίον αὑτοῦ, καὶ ἕκαστος τὸν ἀδελφὸν αὑ τοῦ, λέγων· Γνῶθι τὸν Κύριον· ὅτι πάντες εἰδήσουσί με, ἀπὸ μικροῦ ἕως μεγάλου αὐτῶν. Τῶν δὲ ῥητῶν τούτων τὸ τέλος ὁ μέλλων δέξεται βίος. Ἐν ἐκείνῳ γὰρ οὐκέτι δεόμεθα τῆς παρ' ἀλλήλων διδασκαλίας, τῶν πραγμάτων ἐναργῶς φαινομένων, καὶ τῶν παθῶν πεπαυμένων, καὶ τῶν μὲν σωμάτων ἀφθάρτων, τῶν δὲ ψυχῶν γενομένων ἀτρέπτων. Ἔθος δὲ τῇ θείᾳ Γραφῇ τὰς προφητείας ἀναμιγνύναι. Καὶ γὰρ τοῖς περὶ τῆς αἰχμαλωσίας λόγοις συνάπτει τοὺς περὶ τῆς ἀνακλήσεως· καὶ ὁ Κύριος δὲ ἐν τοῖς ἱεροῖς Εὐαγγελίοις κατὰ ταὐτὸν τίθησι τοὺς περὶ τῆς Ἱερουσαλὴμ καὶ τοὺς περὶ τῆς συντελείας λόγους.","english":"He became the provider; he himself freed Israel from the slavery of the Egyptians. He himself, therefore, also speaking to Moses, said, \"I am the one who is.\" And the argument is sufficient not only to convict the lawlessness of the Jews, but also to expose the blasphemy of the heretics. 33. That this is the covenant which I will make with the house of Israel and with the house of Judah after those days, says the Lord: Giving my laws upon their minds, and upon the breast of their hearts I will write them, and I will be to them for a God, and they shall be to me for a people. God showed this to us through the events themselves. For having led the holy apostles up to the mountain, he did not give them tablets of stone, but inscribed the divine laws in their hearts, and brought the beatitudes to the workers of virtue. 34. And they shall no longer teach each one his neighbor, and each one his brother, saying, Know the Lord; for all shall know me, from the least to the greatest of them. But the end of these sayings the life to come will receive. For in that life we no longer need instruction from one another, since things appear clearly, and the passions have ceased, and bodies are incorruptible, and souls have become immutable. It is a custom of divine Scripture to intermingle prophecies. For it joins the words about the return to those about the captivity; and the Lord also in the holy Gospels places together the words about Jerusalem and those about the consummation.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":132,"ref":"p132","source":"\"Ὅτι ἵλεως ἔσομαι ταῖς ἀνομίαις αὐτῶν, καὶ τῶν ἁμαρ τιῶν αὐτῶν οὐ μὴ μνησθῶ ἔτι.\" Τοῦτο τοῦ παν αγίου βαπτίσματος δωρεῖται ἡ χάρις· μετὰ γὰρ δὴ ἄφεσιν, τῶν προτέρων ἁμαρτημάτων οὐ μέμνηται. Μετὰ ταῦτα δείξας ὡς αὐτός ἐστιν ἡλίου, καὶ σελή νης, καὶ ἀστέρων δημιουργὸς, καὶ ὅτι αὐτὸς προσ έταξε τὸν μὲν ποιεῖν τὴν ἡμέραν, τοὺς δὲ φωτίζειν τὴν νύκτα, καὶ ὡς αὐτοῦ νεύοντος κεκίνηται ἡ θά λασσα, καὶ γαλήνης ἀπολαύει, ἐπήγαγεν· λϛʹ. Ἐὰν παύσωνται οἱ νόμοι οὗτοι ἐκ προσ ώπου μου, φησὶ Κύριος, καὶ τὸ γένος Ἰσραὴλ παύσεται γενέσθαι ἔθνος κατὰ προσώπου μου πάσας τὰς ἡμέρας. Τούτοις παραθεῖναι δεῖ τὸ διὰ τοῦ Ἡσαΐου τοῦ προφήτου εἰρημένον· \"Ἐὰν ᾖ ὁ ἀριθμὸς τῶν υἱῶν Ἰσραὴλ ὡσεὶ ἄμμος τῆς θα λάσσης, τὸ κατάλειμμα σωθήσεται.\" Ἀμφότεραι τοίνυν αἱ προφητείαι τὸ ἀληθὲς ἔχουσιν. \"Οὐ γὰρ πάντες οἱ ἐξ Ἰσραὴλ, οὗτοι Ἰσραὴλ, ἀλλ' οἱ τῷ Θεῷ πεπιστευκότες, καὶ τὸ σωτήριον δεξάμενοι κήρυγμα.\" Ἐξ ὧν καὶ δι' ὧν κατὰ πᾶσαν τὴν οἰκου μένην Ἐκκλησία συνέστη. λζʹ. Τάδε λέγει Κύριος· Ἐὰν ὑψωθῇ ὁ οὐ ρανὸς εἰς τὰ μετέωρα, καὶ ἐὰν ταπεινωθῇ ἡ γῆ εἰς τὸ ἔδαφος κάτω, καὶ ἐγὼ ἀποδοκιμῶ τὸν οἶκον Ἰσραὴλ, λέγει Κύριος. Ὡς ἀδύνατον, φησὶ, ἢ ὑψηλότερον γενέσθαι τὸν οὐρανὸν, ἢ βαθυτέραν τὴν γῆν· οὕτως ἀδύνατον παντελῶς ἀποῤῥιφῆναι τὸν Ἰσραήλ. ληʹ. Ἰδοὺ ἡμέραι ἔρχονται, λέγει Κύριος, καὶ οἰκοδομηθήσεται πόλις τῷ Κυρίῳ, ἀπὸ Ἀνα νιὴλ ἕως τῆς πύλης τῆς γωνίας. Ὁ Σύρος οὕτως λέγει· \"Ἀπὸ πύργου τῆς γωνίας Ἀνανιήλ.\" λθʹ.","english":"For I will be merciful to their iniquities, and their sins I will remember no more.\" The grace of the all-holy baptism grants this; for after the remission, it remembers not the former sins. After this, having shown that he himself is the creator of the sun and the moon and the stars, and that he himself appointed the one to make the day and the others to give light to the night, and that at his nod the sea is moved and enjoys calm, he added: 36. \"If these laws cease from before me, says the Lord, then the race of Israel shall also cease to be a nation before me all the days.\" To these one must set beside the saying spoken through Isaiah the prophet: \"If the number of the sons of Israel be as the sand of the sea, the remnant shall be saved.\" Both prophecies, then, hold the truth. \"For not all those of Israel, these are Israel, but those who have believed in God and received the saving proclamation.\" From these and through these the Church has been established throughout the whole inhabited world. 37. \"Thus says the Lord: If the heaven be lifted up to the heights, and if the earth be brought low to the ground beneath, and I reject the house of Israel, says the Lord.\" As it is impossible, he says, either for the heaven to become higher, or the earth deeper, so it is impossible for Israel to be utterly cast away. 38. \"Behold, the days come, says the Lord, and a city shall be built to the Lord, from Ananiel to the corner gate.\" The Syrian says thus: \"From the tower of the corner of Ananiel.\" 39.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":133,"ref":"p133","source":"Καὶ διεξελεύσεται ἔτι τὸ σχοινίον τῆς διαμετρήσεως αὐτῆς ἀπέναντι αὐτῶν ἕως βουνοῦ Γαρήβ, Ὀνόματα λέγει τόπων τῶν κύκλῳ τῆς πόλεως. \"Καὶ περικυκλωθήσεται ἐξ ἐκλεκτῶν λίθων·\" τουτέστι, μεγάλων καὶ ἰσχυρῶν. μʹ. Καὶ πᾶσαν τὴν κοιλάδα τῶν Φαγαρὶμ, καὶ πρὸς τὴν Σποδίαν. Καὶ πᾶσαν Ἀσαριμὼθ ἕως χειμάῤῥου Κέδρων, ἕως τῆς γωνίας πύλης ἵππων Ἀνατολῆς, Ἁγίασμα Κυρίῳ. Σποδίαν καλεῖ τὸν τόπον ἔνθα ἔῤῥιπτον τῶν θυσιῶν τὴν κόνιν· φαγαρὶμ δὲ τοὺς τόπους τῶν θυομένων κρεῶν· εἰρη κὼς δὲ ἄνω τὸν κύκλον τῆς πόλεως, ἐν τούτοις ἔδειξε τοῦ θείου νεὼ τὸν περίβολον, \"Καὶ οὐκέτι οὐ μὴ ἐκτίλῃ, καὶ οὐ μὴ καθαιρεθῇ ἕως τοῦ αἰῶνος. Τὴν τούτων τῶν λόγων ἀμφιβολίαν ἐν τοῖς πρόσθεν διέλυσε. \"Πέρας γὰρ, ἔφη, λαλήσω ἐπὶ ἔθνη καὶ βασιλείας τοῦ ἀνοικοδομεῖσθαι καὶ καταφυτεύεσθαι.\" Καὶ ἐὰν στραφὲν τὸ ἔθνος ἐκεῖνο ποιήσῃ πονηρὰ, οὐ μὴ ἐπαγάγω ἐπ' αὐτὸ τὰ ἀγαθὰ ἃ ἐλάλησα.\n\nΚΕΦΑΛ. ΛΒʹ. Καὶ ἐνταῦθα τοίνυν ἐπηγγείλατο ταῦτα· ἐπειδὴ δὲ κατὰ τοῦ Θεοῦ καὶ Σωτῆρος ἡμῶν ἐλύττησαν, καὶ καθ' ἑαυτῶν τὴν δίκην ἐκίνησαν, ἐντεῦθεν ἐφ' ἑτέραν μεταβαίνει προφητείαν, ἧς ἐδέξατο τὴν ἐνέργειαν ἐν τῷ δεκάτῳ ἔτει τῆς Σεδεκίου βασιλείας. Οὗτος δὲ ἦν ἐνιαυτὸς ὀκτωκαιδέκατος τῷ Ναβουχοδονόσορ βασιλεῖ Βαβυλῶνος. Ἐπολιορκεῖτο δὲ ὑφ' αὐτοῦ κατὰ τόνδε τὸν καιρὸν ἡ πόλις· ὁ δὲ προφήτης δεσμωτήριον ᾤκει, ἐμβεβληκότος αὐτὸν Σεδεκίου τοῦ βασιλέως, ἐπειδήπερ τῆς πόλεως τὴν ἅλωσιν προηγόρευσε, καὶ τοῦ βασιλέως καὶ τοῦ λαοῦ τὸν ἀνδραποδισμόν. Διὰ τοῦτο φησὶ, \"τὸ δεσμωτήριον ᾤκει.\" Προτάττεται δὲ ὅμως ὑπὸ τοῦ Θεοῦ πρίασθαι τὸν τοῦ ἀδελ φοῦ ἀγρόν·","english":"And the measuring line shall pass over against them as far as the hill of Gareb. He names places round about the city. \"And it shall be compassed about with choice stones,\" that is, great and strong. 40. And all the valley of the dead bodies, and toward the ashes. And all Asarimoth as far as the brook Kidron, as far as the corner of the gate of the horses toward the east, a holy place to the Lord. He calls \"ashes\" the place where they cast the dust of the sacrifices; and \"the dead bodies,\" the places of the slain flesh. Having spoken above of the circuit of the city, in these things he showed the enclosure of the divine temple: \"And it shall no more be plucked up, and shall not be thrown down for ever.\" The ambiguity of these words he resolved in what came before. \"For,\" he said, \"I will speak a word concerning nations and kingdoms, to rebuild and to plant.\" And if that nation, turning, does evil, I will not bring upon it the good things which I spoke.\n\nCHAPTER 32. And here, then, he promised these things; but since they raged against God and our Savior, and stirred up judgment against themselves, from here he passes to another prophecy, whose fulfillment he received in the tenth year of the reign of Zedekiah. And this was the eighteenth year of Nebuchadnezzar, king of Babylon. And the city was being besieged by him at this time; and the prophet dwelt in a prison, Zedekiah the king having cast him in, because he had foretold the capture of the city, and the enslavement of the king and the people. For this reason he says, \"he dwelt in the prison.\" Nevertheless, he is commanded by God first to buy the field of his brother.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":134,"ref":"p134","source":"\"Σοὶ γὰρ, φησὶν, ἡ ἀγορασία προσ ήκει, ὡς πελάζοντι κατὰ τὴν συγγένειαν.\" Ἀφίκετο δὲ πρός με καὶ ὁ τοῦτον ἀποδιδόμενος, καὶ ἐπριάμην ὡς προσετάχθην, καὶ τὴν περὶ τούτου συγγραφὴν ἐδεξάμην, πάντων παρόντων, τοῦ τε ἀποδομένου καὶ τῶν μεμαρτυρηκότων. Ταύτην δέδωκε τῷ Βαροὺχ, τὸν Θεὸν εἰρηκὼς προστεταχέναι ἐν ἀγγείῳ τοῦτο τεθεῖναι ὀστρακίνῳ, ὥστε εἰς πολλὰς διαρκέσαι ἡμέρας. Τοῦτο δὲ γενέσθαι προσέταξεν ὁ Θεὸς, καὶ δι' αὐτῶν πείθων τὸν λαὸν τῶν πραγμάτων, ὅτι ἀληθῶς ἐκ τῆς αἰχμαλωσίας ἀνακληθήσονται, καὶ τὴν πατρῴαν γῆν ἀπολήψονται. Τοῦτο γὰρ καὶ ὁ προφή της ἔφη· ιεʹ. Ὅτι οὕτως εἶπε Κύριος παντοκράτωρ ὁ Θεὸς Ἰσραήλ· Ἔτι κτηθήσονται οἰκίαι, καὶ ἀγροὶ,καὶ ἀμπελῶνες ἐν τῇ γῇ ταύτῃ. Τούτων δὲ οὕτως γεγενημένων, ἱκετείαν ἐγὼ, φησὶ, προσενήνοχα τῷ Δεσπότῃ, ταῦτα λέγων ὅτι, Οὐρανοῦ καὶ γῆς εἶ δη μιουργὸς, καὶ πάντα ἐφορᾷς, καὶ οὐδέν σε λέληθεν, οὔτε τῶν παρόντων, οὔτε τῶν ἐσομένων· ἔχεις δὲ καὶ ἐλέου θησαυροὺς ἀμετρήτους, εἰσπράττῃ δὲ καὶ τῶν ἁμαρτημάτων εὐθύνας. Εἰ δὲ καὶ οἱ παῖδες τὴν τῶν πατέρων πονηρίαν μιμήσαιντο, μείζους αὐτοῖς τιμω ρίας ἐπάγεις, ὡς τοῖς πατρῴοις μὴ παιδευθέντας κακοῖς.","english":"For the purchase belongs to you,\" he says, \"since you are near according to kinship.\" And the one selling it came to me, and I bought it as I was commanded, and I received the written contract concerning it, with all present—both the seller and those who witnessed. This he gave to Barouch, having said that God had commanded it to be placed in an earthen vessel, so that it might endure for many days. God commanded this to happen, and through these things persuading the people of the facts, that they would truly be recalled from captivity and recover the land of their fathers. For the prophet also said this: 15. \"For thus says the Lord Almighty, the God of Israel: Houses and fields and vineyards shall yet be acquired in this land.\" When these things had thus come about, I, he says, offered supplication to the Master, saying these things: that \"You are the maker of heaven and earth, and you oversee all things, and nothing has escaped you, neither of things present nor of things to come; and you have immeasurable treasures of mercy, and you exact reckoning for sins. And if the children imitate the wickedness of their fathers, you bring greater punishments upon them, since they were not disciplined by their fathers' evils.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":135,"ref":"p135","source":"Καὶ ἕτερα δὲ πολλὰ τοιαῦτα προστεθεικὼς, καὶ τῶν ἐν Αἰγύπτῳ γεγενημένων μνημονεύσας θαυ μάτων, καὶ τῶν μετὰ τὴν ἐκεῖθεν ἀπαλλαγὴν παρασχεθεισῶν δωρεῶν, καὶ μέντοι καὶ τῆς τῶν εὐεργετη θέντων ἀχαριστίας, πυνθάνεται, τί δή ποτε τῶν πο λεμίων προκαθημένων, καὶ τὴν πόλιν πολιορκούντων, καὶ τῶν ἔνδον ὑπὸ τοῦ λιμοῦ καὶ λοιμοῦ φθειρομένων, ἀγρόν μοι προσέταξας πρίασθαι, καὶ τὴν περὶ τούτου λαβεῖν συγγραφὴν, ἀναστάτου γιγνομένης τῆς πόλεως; Πρὸς ταῦτά φησιν ὁ Θεός· κζʹ. Ἐγὼ Κύριος ὁ Θεὸς πάσης σαρκός· μὴ ἀπ' ἐμοῦ κρυβήσεται πᾶς λόγος; Ὁ πάντων, φησὶ, δημιουργὸς καὶ Δεσπότης, ἀγνοῆσαί τι δύναται τῶν γιγνομένων; κηʹ. Διὰ τοῦτο τάδε λέγει Κύριος· παραδιδομένη παραδοθήσεται ἡ πόλις αὕτη εἰς χεῖρας Χαλδαίων, καὶ εἰς χεῖρας Ναβουχοδονόσορ βασι λέως Βαβυλῶνος, καὶ λήψεται αὐτήν. Εἶτα λέγει ὅπως εἰσελθόντες ἐμπρήσουσιν αὐτὴν, καὶ οἰκίας ἐν αἷς ἔθυον τῇ Βάαλ, καὶ ἔσπενδον σπονδὰς θεοῖς ἑτέροις. Ἐλέγχει καὶ τὸν τῶν γιγνομένων σκοπὸν. \"Πρὸς τὸ παραπικράναι με.\" Παραδίδωμι δὲ, φησὶ, τὴν πόλιν διὰ τὴν τῶν οἰκητόρων παρανομίαν. Ἀεὶ γάρ με παροξύναντες διετέλεσαν, ἀφ' ἧς ἡμέρας ᾠκοδόμησα αὐτὴν, ἕως τῆς ἡμέρας ταύτης. Οὗ δὴ χάριν ἐδοκίμασα ἀπαλλάξαι αὐτὴν ἀπὸ προσώπου μου, περὶ πάσης τῆς κακίας τῶν υἱῶν Ἰσραὴλ, καὶ υἱῶν Ἰούδα. Ὁμοθυμαδὸν γὰρ καὶ οἱ βασιλεῖς, καὶ οἱ ἱερεῖς, καὶ οἱ ἄρχοντες, καὶ οἱ τὰ ψευδῆ προφη τεύοντες, σὺν παντὶ τῷ λαῷ, ἐπέστρεψαν ἐπ' ἐμὲ νῶτον, καὶ οὐ πρόσωπον· ἐμὲ γὰρ καταλιπόντες, τοῖς εἰδώλοις ἐλάτρευον.","english":"And having added many other such things, and having mentioned the wonders that occurred in Egypt, and the gifts that were provided after the departure from there, and indeed also the ingratitude of those who had been benefited, he asks, why ever, when the enemies are sitting before us and besieging the city, and those within are being destroyed by famine and plague, did you command me to buy a field and to receive the written contract concerning it, when the city is being laid waste? To these things God says: 27. I am the Lord God of all flesh; shall any word be hidden from me? He says, can the Creator and Master of all things be ignorant of anything that happens? 28. Therefore thus says the Lord: This city shall surely be delivered into the hands of the Chaldeans, and into the hands of Nabuchodonosor king of Babylon, and he shall take it. Then he says how, entering, they will burn it, and the houses in which they sacrificed to Baal and poured out libations to other gods. He also exposes the purpose of what was done: \"to provoke me to anger.\" I deliver up the city, he says, because of the lawlessness of its inhabitants. For they continued always provoking me, from the day I built it until this day. For this reason I have decided to remove it from before my face, because of all the wickedness of the sons of Israel and the sons of Judah. For with one accord both the kings and the priests and the rulers and those prophesying falsely, together with all the people, turned their back to me and not their face; for abandoning me, they served idols.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":136,"ref":"p136","source":"Διδάσκει δὲ καὶ ὁ μακάριος Ἐζεκιὴλ, ὡς τὰ νῶτα τῷ ναῷ διδόντες, προσεκύνουν τὸν ἥλιον· ἐγὼ δὲ, φησὶν, οὐ διέλιπον διὰ τῶν προ φητῶν ἐκπαιδεύων αὐτοὺς τὴν ἀλήθειαν. Αὐτοῖς δὲ οὐκ ἀπέχρησεν ἡ ἐν ταῖς οἰκίαις ἀσέβεια, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἐν αὐτῷ τῷ ἀφιερωμένῳ μοι οἴκῳ ἔστησαν τὰ τῶν εἰδώλων ἰνδάλματα. λεʹ. Καὶ ᾠκοδόμησαν τοὺς βωμοὺς τῇ Βάαλ, ἐν φάραγγι υἱοῦ Ἐννὼμ, πύργους τοὺς ἐν Γέβ. Καὶ ἐντεῦθεν δῆλον, ὡς τὸ Θαφὲθ εἰδώλου\n\nἦν ὄνομα. Τὸ γὰρ Βάαλ γενικὸν ὄνομα τῶν εἰδώλων· λέγει δὲ, ὅτι ἐν τούτοις τοῖς τόποις τὴν κατὰ τῶν υἱῶν καὶ θυγατέρων ἐτόλμων μιαιφονίαν. \"Διὰ τοῦτο, φησὶ, παραδέδωκα τὴν πόλιν ταύτην λιμῷ, καὶ λοιμῷ, καὶ σφαγῇ, καὶ δουλείᾳ.\" Ἀλλ' ὅμως τοῖς ἀνδραποδι ζομένοις μετὰ τὸν ὡρισμένον χρόνον ἐλευθερίας μεταδώσω, καὶ εἰς τὴν πατρῴαν ἐπανάξω γῆν, καὶ τῆς προτέρας αὐτοὺς ἀξιώσω κηδεμονίας. Τὸ δέ· λθʹ. Καὶ δώσω αὐτοῖς καρδίαν ἑτέραν, καὶ ὁδὸν ἑτέραν, ὥστε φοβεῖσθαί με πάσας τὰς ἡμέρας, οὕτω νοητέον, ὅτι διὰ τῆς παιδείας, καὶ διὰ τῆς μετὰ ταῦτα ἐλευθερίας, γνώσονταί με μόνον ὄντα Θεὸν, καὶ τῆς προτέρας ἀπαλλαγήσονται πλάνης. μʹ. Καὶ διαθήσομαι αὐτοῖς διαθήκην αἰώνιον, ἣν οὐκ ἀποστρέψω ὄπισθεν αὐτῶν. Ἔτυχον ἂν καὶ ταύτης τῆς ἐπαγγελίας, εἴπερ ἠθέλησαν· αὐτοὶ δὲ ἀποστάντες τῆς χάριτος ἐγυμνώθησαν. Ταῦτα δὲ, καὶ τὰ τούτοις ὅμοια, διὰ πλειόνων εἰπὼν, ἐπ ήγαγε· μγʹ, μδʹ. Καὶ κτηθήσονται ἀγροὶ ἐν τῇ γῇ, ᾗ σὺ λέγεις ὅτι ἄβατός ἐστιν ἀπὸ ἀνθρώπων καὶ κτηνῶν, καὶ παραδοθήσεται ἐν χειρὶ Χαλδαίων. Καὶ κτήσονται ἀγροὺς ἐν ἀργυρίῳ, καὶ γραφή σονται ἐν βιβλίῳ, καὶ σφραγισθήσεται.","english":"The blessed Ezekiel also teaches that they turned their backs to the temple and worshiped the sun; but I, he says, did not cease through the prophets to instruct them in the truth. And the impiety in their houses did not suffice them, but even in the very house consecrated to me they set up the images of idols. 35. And they built the altars to Baal, in the valley of the son of Ennom, towers in Geb. And from this it is clear that Thapheth was the name of an idol. For Baal is a generic name for idols; and he says that in these places they dared the murder of sons and daughters. Therefore, he says, I have delivered this city to famine, and pestilence, and slaughter, and slavery. But nevertheless, to those enslaved after the appointed time I will grant freedom, and I will bring them back to the ancestral land, and I will deem them worthy of the former care. And that which says: 39. And I will give them another heart, and another way, so as to fear me all the days, must be understood thus: that through discipline, and through the freedom after these things, they will know me as the only God, and will be released from their former error. 40. And I will make with them an everlasting covenant, which I will not turn back behind them. They would have obtained this promise too, if indeed they had wished it; but they themselves, having fallen away from grace, were stripped bare. And having said these things, and things like these, through more words, he added: 43, 44. And fields will be acquired in the land which you say is untrodden by men and cattle, and it will be delivered into the hand of the Chaldeans. And they will acquire fields for silver, and they will be written in a book, and it will be sealed.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":137,"ref":"p137","source":"Ταῦτα πρὸς τὴν πεῦσιν ἀπεκρίνατο τοῦ προφήτου· διδά σκων ὡς τούτου χάριν αὐτῷ προσέταξε πρίασθαι τὸν ἀγρὸν, ἵνα καὶ διὰ τῶν πραγμάτων δείξῃ τῆς προφητείας τὸ ἀληθές. \"Ὠνήσονται γὰρ, φησὶν, ἀγρούς· καὶ ἐν γῇ Βενιαμὴν, καὶ κυκλόθεν Ἱερουσαλὴμ, καὶ ἐν πόλεσιν Ἰούδα, καὶ ἐν πόλεσι τοῦ ὄρους, καὶ ἐν πόλεσι τῆς Σεφιλὰ, καὶ ἐν πόλεσι τῆς Ναγέβ.\" Σεφιλὰ τὴν πεδιάδα καλεῖ· Ναγὲβ τὴν μεσημβρίαν. ΚΕΦΑΛ. ΛΓʹ. Εἶτα πάλιν ἑτέραν ἀποκάλυψιν, ἔτι τὸ δεσμωτήριον οἰκῶν, ὁ προφήτης ὁρᾷ. Καί φησι πρὸς αὐτὸν ὁ Θεός· γʹ. Κάλεσον πρός με, καὶ ἐπακούσομαί σου, καὶ ἀναγγελῶ σοι μεγάλα καὶ ἰσχυρὰ, ἃ οὐκ ἔγνως. Καὶ δείξας τὴν πολιορκίαν, προλέγει καὶ τὴν ἐλευθερίαν. ϛʹ. Ἰδοὺ γὰρ ἐγὼ ἐπάγω ἐπ' αὐτὴν συνούλωσιν καὶ ἴαμα, καὶ ἰατρεύσω αὐτούς. Ἡ συνού λωσις τὴν τελείαν ἴασιν δηλοῖ. Εἶτα διδάσκει ὅπως τὴν ἐπάνοδον ὁρῶντα τὰ ἔθνη ὑμνήσει τῆς ἐλευθε ρίας τὸν χορηγόν· καὶ οἱ μὲν καλοκἀγαθίᾳ συζῶντες, θαυμάσουσιν· οἱ δὲ πονηρίαν ἀσπαζόμενοι πικραν θήσονται, ὁρῶντες ἐν εὐπραξίᾳ τὴν πόλιν, καὶ τὰς θείας ἑορτὰς ἐπιτελουμένας συνήθως. ιεʹ. Ἐν ταῖς ἡμέραις ἐκείναις, καὶ ἐν τῷ καιρῷ ἐκείνῳ, ἀνατελῶ κέρας τῷ Δαβὶδ, ἀνατο λὴν δικαίαν· καὶ ποιήσει κρίμα καὶ δικαιοσύ νην ἐν τῇ γῇ. Καὶ ἤδη προειρήκαμεν, ὡς τυπικῶς μὲν ἐπὶ τοῦ Ζοροβάβελ ταῦτα τετύχηκε πέρατος, ἀκριβῶς δὲ τὴν τῆς προφητείας ἀλήθειαν ὁ Δεσπότης ἡμᾶς ἐδίδαξεν. ϛʹ. Ἐν ταῖς ἡμέραις ἐκείναις σωθήσεται Ἰουδαία, καὶ Ἱερουσαλὴμ κατασκηνώσει πεποιθυῖα· καὶ τοῦτο τὸ ὄνομα ὃ κληθήσεται, Κύριος δικαιοσύνη ἡμῶν.","english":"He answered this question of the prophet, teaching that for this reason he commanded him to buy the field, so that he might show even through the events the truth of the prophecy. \"For they shall buy fields,\" he says, \"both in the land of Benjamin, and round about Jerusalem, and in the cities of Judah, and in the cities of the mountain, and in the cities of the Shephelah, and in the cities of the Negeb.\" Shephelah he calls the plain; Negeb the south. CHAPTER 33. Then again the prophet, while still dwelling in the prison, sees another revelation. And God says to him: 3. Call to me, and I will hear you, and I will announce to you great and mighty things which you have not known. And having shown the siege, he foretells also the deliverance. 6. For behold, I am bringing upon her a scar and a healing, and I will heal them. The scar indicates the complete healing. Then he teaches how the nations, seeing the return, will hymn the provider of the deliverance; and those who live in virtue will marvel, while those who embrace wickedness will be embittered, seeing the city in prosperity, and the divine festivals being celebrated in the customary way. 15. In those days, and in that time, I will cause a horn to spring up for David, a righteous branch; and he shall execute judgment and righteousness in the land. And we have already said that these things reached their fulfillment typically in Zerubbabel, but our Master taught us precisely the truth of the prophecy. 6. In those days Judah shall be saved, and Jerusalem shall dwell securely; and this is the name by which it shall be called, The Lord our righteousness.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":138,"ref":"p138","source":"Τοῦτο τὸ ὄνομα καὶ ἐν τοῖς πρόσ θεν ἐντέθεικε, τῇ τῶν Ἑβραίων αὐτὴν καλέσας φωνῇ Ἰωσεδέκ. ιζʹ. Ὅτι τάδε λέγει Κύριος· Οὐκ ἐξολοθρευθήσεται τῷ Δαβὶδ ἀνὴρ καθήμενος ἐπὶ θρόνου οἴκου Ἰσραήλ. Τοῦτο καὶ ὁ πατριάρχης προσείρηκεν Ἰακώβ· \"Οὐκ ἐκλείψει ἄρχων ἐξ Ἰούδα, καὶ ἡγούμενος ἐκ τῶν μηρῶν αὐτοῦ, ἕως οὗ ἔλθῃ ὃ ἀπόκειται, καὶ αὐτὸς προσδοκία ἐθνῶν.\" Ἀλλὰ μετὰ τὸν Ζοροβάβελ οὐκ ἴσμεν ἡγεμονεύσαντά τινα ἐκ τῆς Ἰούδα φυλῆς. Εὑρίσκομεν δὲ ὅμως τὴν τῆς προ φητείας ἀλήθειαν· τῆς γὰρ βασιλικῆς καὶ τῆς ἱερα τικῆς ἐπιμιξία ἐγένετο· οἱ δὲ ἱερεῖς ἦρχον ἕως Ἡρώδου τοῦ ἀλλοφύλου. Διὰ τοῦτο καὶ ἡ παροῦσα προφητεία τοῖς περὶ τοῦ Δαβὶδ τὰ περὶ τῶν ἱερέων συνάπτει. ιηʹ. Περὶ τῶν ἱερέων, φησὶ, καὶ Λευϊτῶν, οὐκ ἐξολοθρευθήσεται ἀνὴρ ἐκ προσώπου μου ἀνα φέρων ὁλοκαυτώματα, καὶ θυμιῶν δῶρον, καὶ ποιῶν θυσίαν πάσας τὰς ἡμέρας. Καὶ ταύτης δὲ τῆς προφητείας ὁρῶμεν τὴν ἔκβασιν. Τῆς γὰρ Και νῆς Διαθήκης κατὰ τὴν θείαν δοθείσης ἐπαγγελίαν, ἐδόθη καὶ ἱερωσύνη κατὰ τὴν τάξιν Μελχισεδέκ· καὶ οἱ ταύτης ἠξιωμένοι, τὴν λογικὴν θυσίαν ἐνδελεχῶς προσφέρουσι τῷ Θεῷ. Εἶτα λέγει· Ὡς ἀδύνατόν ἐστιν ἡμέραν νύκτα","english":"He had also inserted this name in the earlier passages, calling her by the Hebrew tongue Iosedek. 17. For thus says the Lord: There shall not be cut off from David a man sitting on the throne of the house of Israel. This the patriarch Jacob also declared: \"There shall not fail a ruler from Judah, nor a leader from his thighs, until he comes to whom it is reserved, and he is the expectation of the nations.\" But after Zerubbabel we know of no one from the tribe of Judah who ruled. Yet we find the truth of the prophecy: for there was an intermingling of the royal and the priestly, and the priests ruled until Herod the foreigner. For this reason the present prophecy joins the things concerning the priests to the things concerning David. 18. Concerning the priests, he says, and the Levites, there shall not be cut off from before me a man offering whole burnt offerings, and burning a gift, and making sacrifice all the days. And we see the fulfillment of this prophecy as well. For when the New Covenant was given according to the divine promise, the priesthood was also given according to the order of Melchizedek; and those deemed worthy of it continually offer the rational sacrifice to God. Then he says: As it is impossible for day to be night","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":139,"ref":"p139","source":"γενέσθαι, καὶ τὴν νύκτα ἡμέραν, οὕτως οὐχ οἷόν τε τὴν Δαβιτικὴν κατα λυθῆναι βασιλείαν. Καὶ ταύτης δὲ τῆς προφητείας δῆλόν ἐστι τὸ τέλος· ὁ γὰρ ἐκ Δαβὶδ κατὰ σάρκα Χριστὸς, οὐ τὸν κάτω θρόνον ἔχει· ἀλλὰ, τῷ Πατρὶ συνεδρεύων, ἰθύνει τὰ σύμπαντα. Καὶ μέντοι καὶ περὶ τῶν ἱερέων καὶ τῶν Λευϊτῶν ταὐτὸ τοῦτο λέγει, ὡς τῇ δυνάμει τοῦ οὐρανοῦ, καὶ τῇ ψάμμῳ τῆς θαλάσσης, τὸ τούτων παραβληθήσεται γένος. Καὶ μαρτυρεῖ τοῖς λεγομένοις τὰ πράγματα. Ἅπασα γὰρ γῆ καὶ θάλαττα πλήρεις ἀρχιερέων, καὶ τῶν τὴν Λευϊτικὴν λειτουργίαν πληρούντων διακόνων. Εἰρηκὼς δὲ καὶ τὰ παρὰ τῶν δυσσεβῶν λεγόμενα, ὅτι τὰς δύο φυλὰς, ἃς ἐξελέξατο, τήν τε βασιλικὴν καὶ τὴν ἱερατικὴν, ἀπώσατο παντελῶς, ὑπέσχετο πάλιν ἅπερ ἤδη προείρηκεν. ΚΕΦΑΛ. ΛΔʹ.\n\nΟὕτω ταύτην συμπεράνας τὴν προφητείαν, ἐφ' ἑτέραν μεταβαίνει· καὶ τῶν πολεμίων προσκαθημένων, εἰπεῖν κελεύεται Σεδεκίᾳ τῷ βασιλεῖ, καὶ ὅτι Ἁλώσεται ἡ πόλις, καὶ ἐμπρησθήσεται· καί σε λα βόντες τῷ Βαβυλωνίων προσάξουσι βασιλεῖ· ἀλλὰ τὸν μὲν θάνατον διαφεύξῃ, αἰχμάλωτος δὲ ἀπαχθεὶς, τὴν ἀλλοτρίαν οἰκήσεις, καὶ ἐν εἰρήνῃ δέξῃ τοῦ βίου τὸ πέρας, καὶ τῶν νομιζομένων παρὰ τῶν προσηκόντων ἀξιωθήσῃ. Καὶ ταῦτα, φησὶν, εἶπον τῷ βασιλεῖ, τῶν πολεμίων οὐ μόνον τὴν Ἱερουσαλὴμ, ἀλλὰ καὶ τὰς ὑπολοίπους τῆς Ἰουδαίας πόλεις πολιορκούντων. Ταύτῃ δὲ συνάπτει τῇ προφητείᾳ καὶ ἑτέραν, ταύ την ἔχουσαν τὴν διάνοιαν· Ὁ Σεδεκίας προσέταξε κατὰ τὸν θεῖον νόμον ἐλευθέρους ἀφεθῆναι τοὺς Ἑβραίους οἰκέτας·","english":"to happen, and the night to become day, so neither is it possible for the Davidic kingdom to be destroyed. And the outcome of this prophecy too is clear: for the Christ from David according to the flesh does not hold the earthly throne, but, seated with the Father, he directs all things. Moreover, he says this same thing also concerning the priests and the Levites, that their race will be compared to the host of heaven and to the sand of the sea. And the facts bear witness to what is said. For every land and sea is full of high priests and of deacons fulfilling the Levitical service. And having also stated what is said by the impious, that the two tribes which he chose, both the royal and the priestly, he rejected completely, he promised again the very things he had already foretold. CHAPTER 34.\n\nHaving thus concluded this prophecy, he passes to another; and, while the enemies were besieging, he is commanded to say to Zedekiah the king both that the city will be captured and set on fire, and that taking you they will bring you to the king of the Babylonians; but you will escape death, and carried off as a captive you will dwell in a foreign land, and you will receive the end of your life in peace, and you will be deemed worthy of the honors considered due by your kinsmen. And these things, he says, I spoke to the king, while the enemies were besieging not only Jerusalem but also the remaining cities of Judea. To this prophecy he joins another also, having this meaning: Zedekiah commanded, according to the divine law, that the Hebrew servants be released as free;","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":140,"ref":"p140","source":"ὁ γὰρ νόμος σαφῶς διηγόρευσεν, ἓξ μὲν ἔτη τούτους δουλεῦσαι, τῷ δὲ ἑβδόμῳ ἔτει τῆς ἐλευθερίας τυχεῖν. Ὑπακούσαντες δὲ ἅπαν τες, καὶ τὴν ἐλευθερίαν μεταδόντες, πάλιν αὐτοὺς εἰς τὴν προτέραν εἵλκυσαν δουλείαν, κακῇ μεταμε λείᾳ χρησάμενοι. Ἀγανακτήσας τοίνυν ὁ τῶν ὅλων Θεὸς, ἀναμιμνήσκει μὲν τῆς ἐν Αἰγύπτῳ δουλείας, καὶ τῆς γεγενημένης ἐλευθερίας, καὶ τῆς μετὰ ταῦτα δεδομένης νομοθεσίας· ἐπιμέμφεται δὲ, ὡς ἀγαπή σασι μὲν τοῦ νόμου τὴν φυλακὴν, μεταμεληθεῖσι δὲ, καὶ τοῦτον πατήσασιν. ιεʹ. Ἐπιστρέψαντες γὰρ, φησὶ, ποιῆσαι τὸ εὐθὲς ἐν ὀφθαλμοῖς μου, τοῦ καλέσαι ἄφεσιν ἕκαστον τοῦ πλησίον αὑτοῦ· καὶ συνετελέσατε διαθήκην κατὰ πρόσωπόν μου ἐν τῷ οἴκῳ οὗ ἐπεκλήθη τὸ ὄνομά μου ἐπ' αὐτῷ. Ἔνδον γὰρ ἐν τῷ ἀφιερωμένῳ μοι οἴκῳ, ἐμοῦ παρόντος τὰς συν θήκας ποιησάμενοι τῆς ἀφέσεως, παραυτίκα ταύτας παρέβησαν. Ἐπειδὴ τοίνυν οὐκ ἐβουλήθητε ποιή σασθαι τὴν ἄφεσιν· \"Ἰδοὺ ἐγὼ καλῶ ὑμῖν ἄφεσιν, φησὶ Κύριος, εἰς τὴν μάχαιραν, καὶ εἰς τὸν θάνατον, καὶ εἰς τὸν λιμόν. Καὶ δώσω ὑμᾶς εἰς διασπορὰν πάσαις ταῖς βασιλείαις τῆς γῆς.\" Ἐλέγχει δὲ καὶ τὴν τοῦ ὅρκου παράβασιν. ιηʹ, ιθʹ. Καὶ δώσω τοὺς ἀνθρώπους τοὺς παρεληλυθότας τὴν διαθήκην μου, τοὺς μὴ στή σαντας τοὺς λόγους τῆς διαθήκης μου ἣν ἐποίησαν κατὰ πρόσωπόν μου, τὸν μόσχον ὃν ἐποίησαν εἰς δύο, καὶ διῆλθον διὰ μέσου τῶν διχοτομημάτων αὐτοῦ, τοὺς ἄρχοντας Ἰούδα, καὶ τοὺς ἄρχοντας Ἱερουσαλὴμ, τοὺς δυνατοὺς, καὶ τοὺς ἱερεῖς, καὶ πάντα τὸν λαὸν τῆς γῆς, τοὺς διελθόντας ἀνὰ μέσον τῶν διχοτομημάτων τοῦ μόσχου. Οὕτως εἰώθεισαν ὀμνύναι κατὰ τὸ παλαιόυ.","english":"For the law clearly declared that they should serve for six years, but in the seventh year obtain freedom. But all of them, having submitted and granted freedom, drew them back again into their former slavery, practicing a wicked repentance. Therefore God of all, being angered, reminds them of the slavery in Egypt, and of the freedom that had come to be, and of the legislation given after these things; and he reproaches them, as having loved the keeping of the law, but having repented and trampled upon it. 15. For he says, Having turned to do what is right in my eyes, to proclaim release each one to his neighbor; and you completed a covenant before my face in the house upon which my name was called. For inside the house consecrated to me, while I was present, having made the agreements of release, they immediately transgressed them. Since, therefore, you did not wish to make the release: \"Behold, I proclaim release to you, says the Lord, to the sword, and to death, and to famine. And I will give you to dispersion among all the kingdoms of the earth.\" But he also convicts them of the transgression of the oath. 18, 19. And I will give the men who have passed over my covenant, who did not stand by the words of my covenant which they made before my face, the calf which they made into two, and passed through the midst of its divided parts, the rulers of Judah, and the rulers of Jerusalem, the mighty men, and the priests, and all the people of the land, who passed through the midst of the divided parts of the calf. Thus they were accustomed to swear in the ancient manner.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":141,"ref":"p141","source":"Ἀμέλει καὶ ὁ τῶν ὅλων Θεὸς πρὸς τὸν Ἀβραὰμ τὰς συνθήκας ποιούμενος, κριὸν τριετῆ, καὶ μόσχον, καὶ τράγον, ὁμοχρόνους διχοτομηθῆναι κελεύσας, καὶ τὰ τμήματα ἀντιπρόσωπα τεθεῖναι ἀλλήλοις, κλίβανον καπνιζόμενον, καὶ λαμπάδας πυρὸς, ἀνὰ μέσον τῶν διχοτομημάτων πεποίηκε διελθεῖν, κατὰ τὸ κρατοῦν ἔθος τὰς πρὸς αὐτὸν συν θήκας ποιούμενος· τοῦτο καὶ οὗτοι δεδράκασι, τὰς περὶ τῆς ἐλευθερίας τῶν Ἑβραίων οἰκετῶν ἐπαγγε λίας ποιούμενοι, καὶ ὅρκῳ τὴν ἐλευθερίαν βεβαιῶσαι βουλόμενοι· ἀλλὰ τοῦτον παραυτίκα παρέβησαν.\n\nΔιάτοι τοῦτο ἀπειλεῖ παραδώσειν αὐτοὺς τοῖς ἐχθροῖς, καὶ τὰ σώματα αὐτῶν βορὰν τοῖς θηρίοις προθήσειν· καὶ τῷ βασιλεῖ καὶ τοῖς ἄρχουσιν ἐπιθήσειν τὸν τῆς δουλείας ζυγόν. ΚΕΦΑΛ. ΛΕʹ.\n\nΤαύτην συμπεράνας τὴν προφητείαν, πρεσβυτέρας ἀναμιμνήσκει προῤῥήσεως. Ἐν γὰρ ταῖς ἡμέραις Ἰωακεὶμ, υἱοῦ Ἰωσίου βασιλέως Ἰούδα, τοὺς υἱοὺςῬηχὰβ εἰς τὸν θεῖον ναὸν εἰσαγαγεῖν προσετάχθη, καὶ ἐν μιᾷ τῶν αὐλῶν οἶνον τούτοις προσενεγκεῖν. Ἐγὼ δὲ, φησὶ, τὸ προσταχθὲν πεπλήρωκα, καὶ κερά μια οἴνου πλήρη προτεθεικὼς, παρηγγύων πιεῖν. Ἀντέλεγον δὲ ἐκεῖνοι, λέγοντες· Οὐ μὴ πίωμεν οἶνον· ὅτι Ἰωναδὰβ υἱὸς Ῥηχὰβ, ὁ πατὴρ ἡμῶν, ἐνετείλατο ἡμῖν, εἰπών· Οὐ μὴ πίητε οἶνον ὑμεῖς, καὶ οἱ υἱοὶ ὑμῶν, ἕως τοῦ αἰῶνος. (ζʹ) Καὶ οἰκίας οὐ μὴ οἰκοδομήσητε, καὶ σπέρμα μὴ σπείρητε, καὶ ἀμπελῶνας μὴ φυτεύσητε, μηδὲ ἔστω ὑμῖν· ἀλλ' ἐν σκηναῖς κατοικήσετε πάσας τὰς ἡμέρας ὑμῶν· ὅπως ζήσητε ἡμέρας πολλὰς ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς, ἐφ' ἧς ὑμεῖς διατρίβετε ἐπ' αὐτῆς.","english":"Indeed, God over all, when making his covenant with Abraham, commanded a three-year-old ram, a calf, and a goat of the same age to be cut in two, and the pieces to be placed facing one another, and he caused a smoking oven and flaming torches to pass between the divided pieces, making his covenant with him according to the prevailing custom. This too these men did, making promises concerning the freedom of the Hebrew servants and wishing to confirm that freedom by an oath; but they immediately transgressed it.\n\nFor this reason he threatens to hand them over to their enemies, and to set their bodies as food for wild beasts, and to lay the yoke of slavery upon the king and the rulers. CHAPTER 35.\n\nHaving concluded this prophecy, he recalls an older prediction. For in the days of Jehoiakim, son of Josiah king of Judah, he was commanded to bring the sons of Rechab into the divine temple, and to set wine before them in one of the courts. And I, he says, fulfilled the command, and having set out bowls full of wine, I urged them to drink. But they refused, saying: We will not drink wine; for Jonadab son of Rechab, our father, commanded us, saying: You shall not drink wine, you and your sons, forever. (7) And you shall not build houses, and you shall not sow seed, and you shall not plant vineyards, nor shall you have any; but you shall dwell in tents all your days, so that you may live many days upon the land on which you sojourn.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":142,"ref":"p142","source":"Τούτων δὲ, φησὶν, ἡμεῖς τῶν λόγων ἀκούσαντες, τὰς πατρῴας ἐφυλάξαμεν ἐντολὰς, σὺν ταῖς γυναιξὶ καὶ τοῖς υἱέσι· καὶ οὔτε οἰκίας ἐδειμάμεθα, οὔτε γεωργίας ἐπεμελήθημεν· ἀλλ' ἐν σκηναῖς οἰκοῦντες μέχρι τοῦ παρόντος διετελέσαμεν· νῦν δὲ τῶν Βαβυλωνίων ἐπελθόντων, εἰς τήνδε τὴν πόλιν καταφυγεῖν ἠναγκάσθημεν. Θαυμάσαι δὲ ἄξιον καὶ τοῦ πατρὸς τὴν νομοθεσίαν, καὶ τῶν υἱῶν καὶ τῶν ἀπογόνων τὴν εὐπείθειαν· τὸν γὰρ ἀφρόντιδα καὶ ἀκτήμονα βίον ἠγάπησαν, καὶ τὸ πάντων παραδοξότατον, ὅτι παῖδας ἔχοντες ὠλιγώρουν τῆς κτή σεως, τῆς θείας ἐλπίδος τὸ κατὰ σφᾶς αὐτοὺς ἐξαρ τήσαντες. Εἰ δὲ κατὰ τὸν τοῦ νόμου καιρὸν, ὃς οὐκ εἶχε τὴν τελειότητα, διὰ τὴν τῶν νομοθετουμένων ἀσθένειαν, τὴν ἄκραν οὗτοι φιλοσοφίαν ἠσπάσαντο, τίνες ἂν ἐγένοντο τὸν εὐαγγελικὸν ἀκούσαντες νόμον; Ἀλλ' ὁ τῶν ὅλων Θεὸς κελεύει τῷ προφήτῃ, ἅπασιν εἰπεῖν τοῖς τὴν Ἱερουσαλὴμ οἰκοῦσιν, ὅτι Οὗτοι μὲν τὴν τοῦ πατρὸς φυλάττοντες ἐντολὴν, πιεῖν οὐκ ἠθέλησαν οἶνον· ὑμεῖς δὲ, καὶ προφητικὰς διδασκαλίας νύκτωρ καὶ μεθ' ἡμέραν δεχόμενοι, κατὰ τοὺς ἐμοὺς οὐ πολιτεύεσθε νόμους. Οὗ δὴ χάριν, ὑμῖν ἐπάξω παντοδαπὰς συμφορὰς, τοῖς δὲ τοῦ Ῥηχὰβ ἀπογόνοις, τὴν πατρῴαν φυλάξασιν ἐντολὴν, τὸ κάλλιστον τῶν ἀγαθῶν ἐπαγγέλλεται. ιθʹ. Οὐ μὴ ἐκλείψει, φησὶν, ἀνὴρ ἐκ τῶν υἱῶν Ἰωναδὰβ, υἱοῦ Ῥηχὰβ, παρεστηκὼς κατὰ πρόσωπόν μου, πάσας τὰς ἡμέρας τῆς γῆς. Ἰστέον μέντοι, ὡς ἅπας ἐκείνους φυλάττων τοὺς νόμους, υἱὸς Ἰωναδὰβ υἱοῦ Ῥηχὰβ χρηματίζει. ΚΕΦΑΛ. Λϛʹ. Μετὰ ταῦτα λέγει, ὡς προσετάχθη πᾶσαν συγ γράψαι τὴν προφητείαν.","english":"These words, he says, when we heard them, we kept the ancestral commandments, together with our wives and our sons; and we neither built houses nor occupied ourselves with farming, but dwelling in tents we have continued until the present; but now, when the Babylonians came upon us, we were compelled to take refuge in this city. It is worthy of wonder both the legislation of the father and the obedience of the sons and descendants; for they loved the unanxious and possessionless life, and—most paradoxical of all—though having children they took little thought for possessions, having entrusted what concerned them to the divine hope. But if, in the time of the law, which did not have perfection because of the weakness of those being legislated for, these embraced the highest philosophy, what would they have become upon hearing the gospel law? But the God of all commands the prophet to say to all who dwell in Jerusalem, that These men, keeping the commandment of their father, were unwilling to drink wine; but you, even receiving prophetic teachings night and day, do not live according to my laws. For this reason, I will bring upon you all kinds of calamities, but to the descendants of Rechab, who kept the ancestral commandment, he promises the fairest of goods. 19. There shall not fail, he says, a man from the sons of Jonadab, son of Rechab, standing before my face, all the days of the earth. One must know, however, that everyone who keeps those laws is called a son of Jonadab, son of Rechab. CHAPTER 36. After these things, he says, it was commanded that he write down the whole prophecy.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":143,"ref":"p143","source":"Κεφαλίδα δὲ βιβλίου καλεῖ τὰ εἰλήματα, οἷς μέχρι τοῦ παρόντος φίλον Ἰουδαίοις κεχρῆσθαι. Εἰκὸς γὰρ, φησὶν, ἀκριβέ στερον αὐτοὺς μεμαθηκότας τὰ ἀπειληθέντα κακὰ, διὰ τῆς μεταμελείας τῆς σωτηρίας τυχεῖν· ποιεῖ δὲ τὸ προσταχθὲν ὁ προφήτης. Καὶ αὐτὸς μὲν, ὑπὸ τῆς θείας ἐνεργούμενος χάριτος, προσέφερε τοὺς χρη σμούς· ἔγραφε δὲ τούτους ὁ Βαρούχ. Καὶ ἐπειδήπερ εἰς τὸν θεῖον νεὼν εἰσελθεῖν ἐκωλύετο, (καθεῖρκτο γὰρ,) τῷ Βαροὺχ παρεγγυᾷ ἀναγνῶναι τῷ λαῷ τὰ συγγεγραμμένα· καὶ συχνοῦ διελθόντος χρόνου, δημοτελοῦς ἐπιτελουμένης νηστείας, ὁ Βαροὺχ ἀνέγνω τὴν προφητείαν· εἷς δὲ τῶν ἀκουσάντων, εὐσεβέστερον κινηθεὶς, μηνύει τοῖς ἄρχουσι τὰ ἠπειλημένα κακά· οἱ δὲ τὸν Βαροὺχ μετεστείλαντο, καὶ ἀναγνῶναι προσέταξαν, καὶ δέους ἐμπλησθέντες τὸν τούτων μαθεῖν ἐσπούδασαν συγγραφέα. Ὁ δὲ Βαροὺχ ἐδίδαξεν, ὡς Ἱερεμίας ὑπὸ τῆς θείας ἐμπνεόμενος χάριτος ταῦτά μοι παρηγγύησε γράψαι. Οἱ δὲ ἄρχον τες τὸ βιβλίον ἔδοσαν τῷ βασιλικῷ γραμματεῖ· τῷ δὲ Βαροὺχ φυγεῖν παρηγγύησαν· ἐμήνυσαν δὲ τὰ συγ γεγραμμένα τῷ βασιλεῖ. Ὁ δὲ ἤγαγε μὲν τὸν γραμματέα, καὶ ἀναγνῶναι κελεύει. Δυσσεβὴς δὲ ὢν, καὶ","english":"He calls the rolls \"the heading of the book,\" which the Jews have been accustomed to use up to the present. For it is likely, he says, that they, having learned more accurately the evils that were threatened, might obtain salvation through repentance; and the prophet does what was commanded. And he himself, moved by the divine grace, offered the oracles; and Baruch wrote them down. And since he was prevented from entering the divine temple (for he had been shut up), he enjoins Baruch to read to the people what had been written; and after much time had passed, while a public fast was being observed, Baruch read the prophecy; and one of those who heard, moved with greater piety, reports the threatened evils to the rulers; and they summoned Baruch and ordered him to read, and, filled with fear, they earnestly sought to learn the author of these writings. And Baruch taught them, \"Jeremiah, inspired by the divine grace, commanded me to write these things.\" And the rulers gave the book to the royal scribe; and they commanded Baruch to flee; and they reported what had been written to the king. And he brought the scribe and ordered him to read. And being impious, and","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":144,"ref":"p144","source":"παράνομος, τὰς ἀναγινωσκομένας ἐκτέμνων σελίδας τῷ πυρὶ παρεδίδου· διὰ γὰρ τὴν τοῦ χειμῶνος ὥραν ἐσχάρα παρέκειτο. κδʹ. Καὶ οὐκ ἐζήτησαν, φησὶ, τὸν Κύριον· οὐδὲ διέῤῥηξαν τὰ ἱμάτια αὐτῶν ὁ βασιλεὺς καὶ πάντες οἱ παῖδες αὐτοῦ, οἱ ἀκούσαντες πάντας τοὺς λόγους τούτους. Ἀλλ' ὥσπερ τούτων τὴν ἐσχάτην ἀναλγησίαν κατηγορεῖ, οὕτως ἐπαινεῖ τὸν Ἐλναθὰν, καὶ Δαλαΐαν, καὶ Γαμαρίαν. Ὑπέθεντο γὰρ οὗτοι τῷ βασιλεῖ, μὴ κατακαῦσαι τὸ βιβλίον, καὶ οὐκ ἤκουσεν αὐτῶν. Οὐκ ἠρκέσθη δὲ τῇ τολμηθείσῃ παρανομίᾳ ὁ δυσσεβὴς βασιλεύς· ἀλλὰ τὸν Βαροὺχ καὶ τὸν Ἱερεμίαν συλληφθῆναι προσ έταξεν. Ὁ δὲ τῶν ὅλων Θεὸς τῷ Ἱερεμίᾳ κελεύει ἐν ἑτέρῳ βιβλίῳ τοὺς προτέρους λόγους συγγράψαι. Ὁ μὲν γὰρ χάρτης ἐκαύθη, ὁ δὲ θεῖος νόμος μεμένηκεν ἀβλαβής. Οὕτω καὶ τοῦ ληφθέντος σώματος πεπονθότος, ὁ Λόγος μεμένηκεν ἀπαθής· εἰπεῖν δὲ ὁ προφήτης καὶ τῷ Ἰωακεὶμ ἐκελεύσθη ταῦτα. κθʹ, λʹ. Τάδε λέγει Κύριος, Σὺ κατέκαυσας τὸ βιβλίον τοῦτο εἰπὼν, Διατί ἔγραψας ἐπ' αὐτῷ λέγων, ὅτι Εἰσπορευόμενος εἰσπορεύσεται βασιλεὺς Βαβυλῶνος, καὶ διαφθερεῖ τὴν γῆν ταύτην, καὶ ἐκλείψει ἀπ' αὐτῆς ἄνθρωπος καὶ κτῆνος. Διὰ τοῦτο οὕτως εἶπε Κύριος ἐπὶ Ἰωακεὶμ βασιλέα Ἰούδα, Οὐκ ἔσται αὐτῷ καθήμενος ἐπὶ θρόνου Δαβὶδ, καὶ τὸ θνησιμαῖον αὐτοῦ ἔσται ἐῤῥιμμένον ἐν τῷ καύματι τῆς ἡμέρας, καὶ ἐν τῷ παγετῷ τῆς νυκτός. Ἀψευδὴς ἡ προφητεία. Εἰ γὰρ καὶ ἐβασίλευσεν Ἰεχονίας ὁ υἱὸς αὐτοῦ, ἀλλὰ μετὰ τρεῖς μῆνας ἀπήχθη αἰχμάλωτος. Ἀπειλεῖ δὲ αὐτῷ καὶ παντὶ τῷ οἴκῳ τὸν ὄλεθρον, καὶ τῇ πόλει τὴν ἐρημίαν, καὶ τῷ λαῷ τὰ προῤῥηθέντα κακά.","english":"lawless, he cut out the pages that were being read and handed them over to the fire; for because of the winter season, a brazier was set nearby. 24. And they did not seek, he says, the Lord; nor did they tear their garments, the king and all his servants, who heard all these words. But just as he accuses the utter insensibility of these men, so he praises Elnathan, and Delaiah, and Gemariah. For these men urged the king not to burn the book, and he did not listen to them. But the impious king was not satisfied with the lawless audacity he had dared; rather, he ordered Baruch and Jeremiah to be arrested. But the God of all commands Jeremiah to write the former words in another book. For the papyrus was burned, but the divine law has remained unharmed. Thus also, though the body that was taken suffered, the Word has remained impassible; and the prophet was commanded to say these things also to Jehoiakim. 29, 30. Thus says the Lord: You burned this book, saying, Why did you write on it, saying, The king of Babylon will surely come in, and will destroy this land, and man and beast will fail from it. Therefore thus says the Lord concerning Jehoiakim king of Judah: He shall not have one sitting on the throne of David, and his carcass shall be cast out in the heat of the day and in the frost of the night. The prophecy is unerring. For even if Jeconiah his son reigned, yet after three months he was led away captive. And he threatens him and his whole house with destruction, and the city with desolation, and the people with the evils foretold.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":145,"ref":"p145","source":"Πεπλήρωκε δὲ πάλιν τὸ προσταχθὲν ὁ προφήτης, καὶ γέγραφε πάλιν τὴν προφητείαν, τοῦ Βαροὺχ ὑπουργήσαντος. \"Καὶ προσετέθησαν, φησὶν, ἔτι ἐν αὐτῷ λόγοι πλείονες ἢ οὗτοι.\" Ἐπειδὴ γὰρ ἐχαλέπηνεν ὁ δυσσεβὴς βασι λεὺς ἀκούσας τῶν ἀπειλῶν, πολλαπλασίως γενέσθαι ταύτας προσέταξεν ὁ Δεσπότης. Ἡμεῖς δὲ, παρα καλῶ, καὶ τὰς θείας δείσωμεν ἀπειλὰς, καὶ ταῖς ἀγαθαῖς πιστεύσωμεν ὑποσχέσεσιν, καὶ ἀξίως περι πατήσωμεν τῆς κλήσεως, ἧς ἐκλήθημεν, ἵνα καὶ τῶν ἀπειλῶν τὴν πεῖραν ἐκφύγωμεν, καὶ ὑπισχνουμένων ἀπολαύσωμεν ἀγαθῶν, χάριτι καὶ φιλανθρωπίᾳ τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, μεθ' οὗ τῷ Πατρὶ ἡ δόξα πρέπει, σὺν τῷ παναγίῳ Πνεύματι, νῦν καὶ ἀεὶ, καὶ εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας τῶν αἰώνων. Ἀμήν. ΤΟΜΟΣ Ηʹ.\n\nΚΕΦΑΛ. ΛΖʹ.\n\nΜέλλων ὁ θεσπέσιος προφήτης τὰ κατὰ τὴν ἅλωσιν ἐξηγεῖσθαι τῆς πόλεως, διδάσκει πρῶτον ποίαν ἄγων ἡλικίαν ἤρξατο τῆς βασιλείας ὁ Σεδεκίας, καὶ πόσον ἐβασίλευσε χρόνον· καὶ ὅτι κατὰ τὸν τῆς πολιορκίας καιρὸν, τὰς κατ' αὐτοῦ καὶ τῆς πόλεως εἰρημένας ὑπὸ τοῦ προφήτου προῤῥήσεις μαθὼν, ἀποστείλας τινὰς παρεκάλεσεν αὐτὸν τὰς ὑπὲρ αὐτοῦ πρεσβείας προσενεγκεῖν τῷ Θεῷ· κατ' ἐκεῖνον δὲ τὸν καιρὸν οὐ δεσμωτήριον ᾤκει, ἀλλ' ἀδεῶς ἐν τῇ πόλει διῆγε. Τῶν δὲ Βαβυλωνίων πολιορκούντων τὴν πόλιν, ἧκον εἰς ἐπικουρίαν τῶν Ἰουδαίων οἱ Αἰγύπτιοι, δηλονότι τοῦ βασιλέως εἰς συμμαχίαν αὐτοὺς καλέσαντος. Τοῦτο δὲ μαθόντες Χαλδαῖοι, τῆς πολιορκίας ἀπέστη σαν. Ὁ τοίνυν Δεσπότης Θεὸς τῷ βασιλεῖ καὶ τοῖς ἄρχουσιν εἰπεῖν παρηγγύησε τῷ προφήτῃ, μήτε τῇ τῶν Αἰγυπτίων ἐπικουρίᾳ θαῤῥῆσαι, μήτε τῶν Χαλ δαίων καταφρονῆσαι·","english":"The prophet again fulfilled what had been commanded, and again wrote the prophecy, with Baruch assisting him. \"And there were added,\" he says, \"to it yet more words than these.\" For since the impious king was enraged when he heard the threats, the Master ordered that these be multiplied many times over. But let us, I urge you, both fear the divine threats and believe the good promises, and walk worthily of the calling to which we were called, so that we may both escape the experience of the threats and enjoy the good things promised, by the grace and love for humanity of our Lord Jesus Christ, with whom glory is fitting to the Father, together with the all-holy Spirit, now and always, and unto the ages of ages. Amen. TOME 8.\n\nCHAPTER 37.\n\nWhen the inspired prophet was about to explain the matters concerning the capture of the city, he first teaches at what age Zedekiah began his reign, and how long a time he reigned; and that during the time of the siege, having learned the predictions spoken by the prophet against him and the city, he sent certain men and urged him to offer the intercessions on his behalf to God; and at that time he was not dwelling in a prison, but was living in the city without fear. And while the Babylonians were besieging the city, the Egyptians came to the aid of the Jews, clearly because the king had summoned them to alliance. And the Chaldeans, learning of this, withdrew from the siege. The Master God, then, commanded the prophet to say to the king and the rulers that they should neither trust in the aid of the Egyptians nor despise the Chaldeans.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":146,"ref":"p146","source":"οἱ γὰρ Αἰγύπτιοι καταλήψονται τὴν ἐνεγκοῦσαν ὡς τάχιστα, καὶ οἱ Χαλδαῖοι πάλιν ἀναστρέψαντες, καὶ πολιορκήσουσι τὴν πόλιν, καὶ πυρὶ παραδώσουσι. Καὶ διδάσκων, ὡς αὐτὸς κατ' αὐτῶν τὴν ψῆφον ἐξήνεγκεν, ἐπιφέρει καὶ\n\nταῦτα· ιʹ. Ἀλλ' ἐὰν πατάξητε πᾶσαν τὴν δύναμιν τῶν Χαλδαίων τῶν πολεμούντων ὑμᾶς, καὶ κατα λειφθῶσί τινες ἐκκεκεντημένοι ἄνδρες ἐν αὐτοῖς, ἕκαστος ἐν τῇ σκηνῇ αὑτοῦ, οὗτοι ἀναστή σονται, καὶ κατακαύσουσι τὴν πόλιν ταύτην ἐν πυρί. Μὴ γὰρ δὴ νομίσητε τὴν τῶν Χαλδαίων ῥώ μην περιγίγνεσθαι. Ἀρκοῦσι γὰρ εἰς ὑμετέραν πανολεθρίαν καὶ ὀλίγοι τραυματίαι, δι' ἀσθένειαν καταλειφθέντες ἐν ταῖς σκηναῖς· ἀσθενεῖς γὰρ ὑμᾶς ἡ ἁμαρτία πεποίηκεν. Εἶτα διδάσκει, ὡς ἀνακωχῆς τινος αὐτοῖς γενομένης διὰ τὴν τῶν Χαλδαίων ὑπο χώρησιν, αὐτὸς μὲν πρὸς τοὺς οἰκείους αὑτοῦ ἐξελήλυθε, πρίασθαι ἄρτους βουλόμενος· Σερουΐα δέ τις ὑποπτεύσας αὐτὸν πρὸς τοὺς πολεμίους πεφευγέναι, εἰσήγγειλε παρὰ τοῖς ἄρχουσιν· οἱ δὲ ἀκούσαντες καθεῖρξαν αὐτὸν, οὐκ εἰς τὴν δημοσίαν εἱρκτὴν, \"ἐπεπλήρωτο γὰρ, φησὶν, ἐκείνη,\" ἀλλ' εἰς τὸν οἶκον Ἰωνάθαν τοῦ γραμματέως· συχνῶν δὲ διελθουσῶν ἡμερῶν, μεταπέμπεται μὲν αὐτὸν κρύβδην ὁ Σεδεκίας, καὶ ἔρεται, εἰ ἔστι λόγος παρὰ Κυρίου· ὁ δὲ προφήτης αὐτῷ προλέγει τὴν ἅλωσιν· μετὰ δὲ τὴν πρόῤῥησιν, αἰτιᾶται τὴν εἰς αὐτὸν γεγενημένην ἀδικίαν. ιηʹ, ιθʹ. Τί γὰρ, φησὶν, ἠδίκησά σε, καὶ τοὺς παῖδάς σου, ὅτι ἐδώκατέ με εἰς τὸν οἶκον τῆς φυλακῆς· Καὶ ποῦ εἰσιν οἱ προφῆται ὑμῶν οἱ προφητεύσαντες ὑμῖν, λέγοντες· Οὐ μὴ ἔλθῃ βασιλεὺς Βαβυλῶνος ἐφ' ὑμᾶς ἐπὶ τὴν γῆν ταύ την;","english":"For the Egyptians will swiftly seize the one who brought them, and the Chaldeans will return again, and they will besiege the city and deliver it to fire. And teaching that he himself has pronounced the verdict against them, he adds these words: 10. But even if you strike down the whole force of the Chaldeans who are warring against you, and some men are left among them, pierced through, each in his own tent, these will rise up and burn this city with fire. For do not suppose that the might of the Chaldeans is prevailing. For even a few wounded men, left behind in the tents through weakness, are enough for your utter destruction; for sin has made you weak. Then he teaches that, when some respite had come to them through the withdrawal of the Chaldeans, he himself had gone out to his own people, wishing to buy bread; but a certain Serouia, suspecting that he had fled to the enemy, reported it to the rulers; and they, on hearing it, shut him up, not in the public prison—\"for that,\" he says, \"had been filled\"—but in the house of Jonathan the scribe. And after many days had passed, Zedekiah sends for him secretly and asks whether there is a word from the Lord; and the prophet foretells to him the capture. And after the prediction, he lays charge concerning the injustice done to him. 18, 19. For what, he says, did I wrong you and your servants, that you gave me into the house of the prison? And where are your prophets who prophesied to you, saying: The king of Babylon shall not come against you upon this land?","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":147,"ref":"p147","source":"Τῶν πραγμάτων, φησὶ, δειξαμένων τὴν τῆς ἐμῆς προφητείας ἀλήθειαν, τῶν δὲ ὑμετέρων προφητῶν τὴν ψευδολογίαν, ἔδει κρίναι δικαίως, καὶ τοὺς ψευδομένους ἀπαιτῆσαι δίκας, οὐ τὸν τὰ ἀληθῆ προμηνύσαντα. Εἶτα παρακαλεῖ τῆς οἰκίας ἀπαλλαγῆναι τοῦ γραμματέως. Ὁ δὲ Σεδεκίας ἐκεῖ θεν μὲν αὐτὸν ἐξήγαγεν, εἰς δὲ τὸ δημόσιον αὐτὸν ἐξέπεμψε δεσμωτήριον, καὶ ἄρτον ἕνα καθ' ἑκάστην ἡμέραν χορηγηθῆναι προσέταξεν. ΚΕΦΑΛ. ΛΗʹ.\n\nΤινὲς μέντοι τῶν ἀρχόντων δυσχεράναντες τὰς κατὰ τῆς πόλεως γεγενημένας ὑπὸ τοῦ προφήτου προῤῥήσεις· (ἔλεγε γὰρ τοὺς μὲν αὐτομολοῦντας πρὸς τοὺς Χαλδαίους σωτηρίας ἀπολαύσεσθαι, τοὺς δέ γε τῆς πολιορκίας ἀνεχομένους ὀλέθρῳ παραδο θήσεσθαι), παροξύνουσι κατὰ τοῦ προφήτου τὸν βασι λέα, φήσαντες αὐτὸν χαυνοῦν τῶν πολεμεῖν δυνα μένων τὴν προθυμίαν ταῖς τοιαύταις χρησμολογίαις. Ὁ δὲ ἀνόητος βασιλεὺς τοῖς εἰσαγγείλασι τὸν προ φήτην ἐξέδωκεν· οἱ δὲ τὴν ἐξουσίαν λαβόντες, ἐχρή σαντο κατ' αὐτοῦ τῷ θυμῷ, καὶ καθῆκαν αὐτὸν εἰς λάκκον δυσώδη βόρβορον ἔχοντα. Καὶ Ἰουδαίων μὲν οὐδεὶς ἐπεκούρησε τῷ προφήτῃ, τοιαύτας ὑπὲρ τῶν θείων λογίων ἀπαιτουμένῳ δίκας. Ἀβδεμέλεχ δὲ ὁ εὐνοῦχος, ἀνὴρ Αἰθίοψ, ἐπιμέμφεται τῷ βασιλεῖ, καὶ μετὰ παῤῥησίας βοᾷ· (θʹ.) \"Ἐπονηρεύσω ὡς ἐποίησας ἀποκτεῖναι τὸν ἄνθρωπον τοῦ Θεοῦ ἀπὸ προσώπου τοῦ λιμοῦ, ὅτι οὐκ εἰσὶν ἔτι ἄρτοι ἐν τῇ πόλει.\" Δεξάμενος δὲ τὸν ἔλεγχον ὁ Σεδεκίας τὸν Ἀβδεμέλεχ ὑπουργὸν ποιεῖται τῆς τοῦ προφήτου σωτηρίας.","english":"He says that when the facts had shown the truth of my prophecy, and the falsehood of your prophets, they ought to have judged justly and demanded satisfaction from those who lied, not from the one who foretold the truth. Then he urges the secretary to leave the house. And Zedekiah brought him out from there, and sent him away to the public prison, and ordered that one loaf of bread be supplied each day. CHAPTER 38.\n\nHowever, some of the rulers, displeased by the predictions made against the city by the prophet (for he said that those who deserted to the Chaldeans would enjoy safety, but those who endured the siege would be handed over to destruction), provoked the king against the prophet, saying that by such oracles he was relaxing the zeal of those able to fight. And the foolish king handed the prophet over to those who reported him; and they, having received authority, used their anger against him, and let him down into a pit foul with mire. And no one of the Jews came to the aid of the prophet, who was being made to pay such penalties on behalf of the divine oracles. But Abde-melech the eunuch, an Ethiopian man, reproaches the king, and cries out with boldness: (9.) \"You have done evil in that you have done to kill the man of God from before the famine, because there are no longer loaves in the city.\" And Zedekiah, having accepted the rebuke, makes Abde-melech the agent of the prophet's salvation.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":148,"ref":"p148","source":"Ὁ δὲ συνεργοὺς ἑτέρους λαβὼν, καὶ πα λαιὰ ῥάκη τῷ προφήτῃ ῥίψας, καὶ ταῦτα ταῖς μα σχάλαις ὑπὸ τὸ σχοινίον θεῖναι κελεύσας ἀνείλκυσεν αὐτὸν ἐκ τοῦ λάκκου Χερέθ. Χερὲθ δὲ τὸν λάκκον καλεῖ. Ἀναχθέντα δὲ αὐτὸν, καὶ τὸ δεσμωτήριον οἰκοῦντα, πάλιν ὁ βασιλεὺς μετεπέμψατο, καὶ εἰσ ήγαγε πρὸς αὐτὸν εἰς τὴν οἰκίαν Ἀσαλισαὴλ, \"τὴν ἐν οἴκῳ Κυρίου.\" Ὁ δὲ Σύρος τοῦτο \"ἔσω τριόδων\" ἡρμήνευσεν· ἀξιοῖ δὲ τὸν προφήτην θεῖον αὐτῷ μηνύσαι λόγον, καὶ τ' ἀληθὲς μὴ κρύψαι. Ὁ δὲ προφήτης φησίν· ιεʹ. Ἐὰν ἀναγγελῶ σοι, οὐχὶ θανατώσεις με; καὶ ἐὰν συμβουλεύσω σοι, οὐ μὴ ἀκούσῃς μου. Καὶ γὰρ ὡς προφήτης ᾔδει τὰ γενησόμενα, καὶ τὴν πεῖραν εἶχε διδάσκαλον. Τοῦ δὲ βασιλέως ὀμωμοκότος ἦν μὴν αὐτὸν μὴ παραδώσειν τοῖς δυσσε βέσιν, εἶπε πάλιν. ιζʹ, ιηʹ. Ἐὰν ἐξελθὼν ἐξέλθῃς πρὸς\n\nἡγεμόνα βασιλέως Βαβυλῶνος, ζήσεται ἡ ψυχή σου, καὶ ἡ πόλις αὕτη οὐ μὴ κατακαυθῇ ἐν πυρὶ, καὶ ζή σεις σὺ καὶ ὁ οἶκός σου. Ἐὰν δὲ μὴ ἐξέλθῃς σὺ πρὸς τοὺς ἄρχοντας βασιλέως Βαβυλῶνος, καὶ παραδοθήσεται ἡ πόλις αὕτη εἰς χεῖρας Χαλ δαίων, καὶ κατακαύσουσιν αὐτὴν ἐν πυρὶ, καὶ σὺ οὐ μὴ σωθῇς ἐκ χειρὸς αὐτῶν. Ταῦτα πολλάκις προείρηκεν· ἀναγκαῖον δὲ ζητῆσαι, τί δήποτε ἐξιοῦσι μὲν ὑπισχνεῖται τὴν σωτηρίαν, μὴ ἐξιοῦσι δὲ τὸν ὄλεθρον ἀπειλεῖ. Ὅρκους ὁ Σεδεκίας ἐδεδώκει τῷ Ναβουχοδονόσορ, ἡνίκα αὐτὸν προυβάλετο εἰς βασι λέα, ὡς τὸν φόρον τελέσει, καὶ εὔνοιαν περὶ τὸν κεχειροτονηκότα φυλάξει· ὀλίγου δὲ χρόνου διελθόν τος, παραβὰς τὰ συγκείμενα, οὔτε τὸν δασμὸν ἐτέ λεσε, καὶ πρὸς Αἰγυπτίους κατέφυγεν.","english":"But he, taking other helpers and throwing old rags to the prophet, and ordering these to be placed under the rope by the arms, drew him up from the pit of Cheresh. And Cheresh is the name he gives to the pit. But after he was brought up and was dwelling in the prison, the king again sent for him and brought him into his presence in the house of Asalisael, \"the one in the house of the Lord.\" But the Syrian interpreted this as \"within the crossroads\"; and he asks the prophet to disclose to him a divine word and not to hide the truth. And the prophet says: 15. If I announce it to you, will you not put me to death? And if I counsel you, you will certainly not listen to me. For as a prophet he knew what was going to happen, and he had experience as his teacher. But since the king had sworn an oath that he would certainly not hand him over to the impious, he spoke again. 17, 18. If you go out and go forth to the captain of the king of Babylon, your soul will live, and this city will certainly not be burned with fire, and you and your house will live. But if you do not go out to the rulers of the king of Babylon, this city will be delivered into the hands of the Chaldeans, and they will burn it with fire, and you will certainly not be saved from their hand. These things he foretold many times; but it is necessary to ask why on the one hand he promises salvation to those who go out, and on the other threatens destruction to those who do not go out. Zedekiah had given oaths to Nebuchadnezzar when he appointed him as king, that he would pay the tribute and keep goodwill toward the one who had appointed him; but after a short time had passed, he transgressed the agreements, and neither paid the tribute nor fled to the Egyptians.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":149,"ref":"p149","source":"Ὁ Δεσπότης τοίνυν Θεὸς, ἐπειδὴ οὐ κατ' εἰδώλων ἀψύχων τοὺς ὅρκους ἐποιήσατο, ἀλλὰ κατ' αὐτοῦ τοῦ τῶν ὅλων Δημιουργοῦ, καὶ τούτους παραβῆναι τετόλμηκεν, ἐξ ελθεῖν κελεύει πρὸς τοὺς Χαλδαίους, καὶ ταύτῃ θεραπεῦσαι τὴν τῶν ὅρκων παράβασιν· ὁ μέντοι Σεδε κίας τῷ προφήτῃ φησίν· ιθʹ. Ἐγὼ λόγον ἔχω τῶν Ἰουδαίων τῶν προσπεφευγότων πρὸς τοὺς Χαλδαίους, μὴ δώσειν με εἰς χεῖρας αὐτῶν, καὶ καταμωκήσονται μου. Δέδια, φησὶ, μὴ τοῖς αὐτομόλοις καταγέλαστος γένωμαι· ἀλλ' ὅμως πάλιν αὐτὸς ὁ προφήτης προτρέ πει, καὶ ἀπειθοῦντι προσφέρει τὴν ἀπειλήν. κβʹ. Ἰδοὺ γὰρ, φησὶ, πᾶσαι αἱ γυναῖκες, αἱ καταλειφθεῖσαι ἐν οἴκῳ βασιλέως Ἰούδα, ἐξάγονται πρὸς τοὺς ἄρχοντας βασιλείας Βαβυλῶ νος, καὶ αὗται λέγουσιν. Ἠπάτησάν σε, καὶ ἠδυνήθησάν σοι ἄνδρες εἰρηνικοί σου, καὶ κατισχύσουσί σου ἐν ὀλισθήματι ποδός σου. Δέδιας, φησὶ, μὴ τοῖς αὐτομόλοις ἐπίχαρτος γένῃ· ὄψῃ μετὰ ταῦτα τῆς πόλεως ἁλούσης, ἐκ τῶν βασι λείων γυναῖκας ἑλκομένας, καὶ ἀναμιμνησκούσας σε τῆς τῶν ψευδοπροφητῶν ἀπάτης, καὶ λεγούσας, ὅτι Τούτων σοι γεγένηνται πρόξενοι οἱ τὴν εἰρήνην ὑποσχόμενοι, καὶ τῆς παρὰ σοῦ τιμῆς ἀπολαύσαντες, καὶ διὰ ταύτην σε τὴν αἰτίαν ἐκ τῶν θείων νόμων ὀλισθῆσαι παρασκευάσαντες. κγʹ. Καὶ πάσας τὰς γυναῖκάς σου, καὶ τὰ τέκνα σου ἐξάξουσι πρὸς τοὺς Χαλδαίους. Καὶ ἡ πόλις δὲ, φησὶν, ἐμπρησθήσεται, καὶ σὺ δορυάλωτος ἀπ αχθήσῃ. Ἀλλ' ὁ ἐμβρόντητος βασιλεὺς ἀπειθῶν διετέ λεσε. Τῷ μέντοι προφήτῃ παρηγγύησε, μηδενὶ τῶν ἀρχόντων μηνύσαι τὰ εἰρημένα·","english":"The Lord God, therefore, since he had not made the oaths by lifeless idols, but by the Creator of all things himself, and they had dared to transgress these, commands him to go to the Chaldeans and by this means to heal the transgression of the oaths. Zedekiah, however, says to the prophet: \"I have a word concerning the Jews who have fled to the Chaldeans, that I should not give myself into their hands, and they will mock me.\" \"I fear,\" he says, \"lest I become a laughingstock to the deserters.\" But nevertheless the prophet again urges him, and presents the threat to him though he disobeys. \"For behold,\" he says, \"all the women who are left in the house of the king of Judah are being led out to the rulers of the kingdom of Babylon, and they say: 'Your peaceful men deceived you and prevailed against you, and they will overpower you in the slipping of your foot.'\" \"You feared,\" he says, \"lest you become a joy to the deserters; you will see after these things, when the city is captured, women dragged from the palace, reminding you of the deception of the false prophets, and saying: 'These things have been brought about for you by those who promised you peace, and enjoyed honor from you, and for this reason prepared you to slip from the divine laws.'\" \"And all your women and your children they will lead out to the Chaldeans. And the city,\" he says, \"will be set on fire, and you will be led away as a captive of war.\" But the thunderstruck king continued disobeying. However, he charged the prophet to disclose what had been said to none of the rulers.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":150,"ref":"p150","source":"εἰπεῖν δὲ, ὡς Ἠντι βόλησα τὸν βασιλέα, μὴ εἰς ἐκείνην μεταπέμψαι με τὴν χαλεπωτάτην εἱρκτήν. Εἶτα διηγεῖται, ὡς ἀφίκοντο, καὶ μαθεῖν ἐπειράθησαν τὰ εἰρημένα τῷ βασιλεῖ, καὶ ὡς ἔπεισεν αὐτοὺς τὰ περὶ τοῦ δεσμω τηρίου διεξελθών.\n\nΚΕΦΑΛ. ΛΘʹ.\n\nἘντεῦθεν λοιπὸν τὰ κατὰ τὴν ἅλωσιν διηγεῖται, καί φησι τῷ μὲν ἐννάτῳ ἔτει τῆς Σεδεκίου βασι λείας τοὺς Βαβυλωνίους ἐπιστρατεῦσαι· τῷ δὲ ἑν δεκάτῳ ἔτει τοῦ Σεδεκίου, ἐν τῷ μηνὶ τῷ τετάρτῳ, ἐννάτῃ τοῦ μηνὸς, τὸ μὲν τεῖχος καταβληθῆναι, τοὺς δὲ πολεμίους ὁρμῆσαι κατὰ τῆς πόλεως. Τούτου δὲ γενομένου, ἀπέδραμε Σεδεκίας, καὶ οἱ ἐπὶ ῥώμῃ σεμνυνόμενοι πάντες. Καταδιώξαντες δὲ οἱ Χαλδαῖοι ἔφθασαν αὐτὸν, καὶ συνέλαβον παρὰ τὴν Ἱεριχὼ πόλιν. Ἀραβὸθ δὲ Ἱεριχὼ ἀπὸ δυσμῶν τῆς Ἱεριχὼλέγει· \"Ἀπήγαγον δὲ αὐτὸν εἰς Ῥεβλαθὰ τῆς Ἐμάθ.\" Τελεῖ δὲ τοῦτο ὑπὸ τὴν Ἔμεσαν· ὡς εἶναι δῆλον, ὅτι Ἐμὰθ ἐνταῦθα τὴν Ἔμεσαν καλεῖ. \"Καὶ ἐλάλησε μετ' αὐτοῦ κρίματα. Ἀντὶ τοῦ, διήλεγξε τὴν τῶν ὅρκων παράβασιν, τὴν περὶ τὸν εὐεργετηκότα, καὶ βασιλέα κεχειροτονηκότα, δύσνοιάν τε καὶ ἀχαριστίαν. Διελέγξας δὲ τὴν ἀδικίαν, ἐπι φέρει τὴν τιμωρίαν· καὶ πρῶτον μὲν, ὁρῶντος αὐτοῦ, κατασφάττει τοὺς παῖδας, καὶ πάντας τοὺς ἐν τέλει καὶ ἀξιωτάτους· οὕτω δὲ αὐτὸν κολάσας τῇ τῶν ἀνιαρῶν θεωρίᾳ, τὸ βλέπειν ἀφείλετο. Διηγεῖται δὲ ὅπως καὶ τὰ βασίλεια, καὶ τοὺς ἄλλους οἴκους ἐνέπρησαν, καὶ","english":"To say that he had begged the king not to send him into that most grievous prison. Then he relates how they arrived, and tried to learn what had been said to the king, and how he persuaded them by recounting the matters concerning the prison.\n\nCHAPTER 39.\n\nFrom this point he relates the events of the capture, and says that in the ninth year of Zedekiah's reign the Babylonians marched against him; but in the eleventh year of Zedekiah, in the fourth month, on the ninth day of the month, the wall was thrown down, and the enemies rushed against the city. When this happened, Zedekiah fled, and all those who prided themselves on their strength. The Chaldeans pursued and overtook him, and seized him near the city of Jericho. And Araboth is Jericho—he calls it [so] from the west of Jericho: \"And they brought him to Reblatha of Emath.\" He means this place is below Emesa; so that it is clear that here he calls Emesa \"Emath.\" \"And he spoke judgments with him.\" Instead of: he exposed the transgression of the oaths, the ill-will and ingratitude toward the one who had benefited him and appointed him king. Having exposed the injustice, he brings on the punishment; and first, while he looked on, he slaughtered his children, and all those in authority and most honored; and having thus punished him by the sight of grievous things, he took away his sight. He relates also how they set fire to the palace and the other houses, and","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":151,"ref":"p151","source":"τοὺς τῆς πόλεως περιβόλους κατέλυσαν· τοὺς δὲ λοιποὺς ἐξηνδραπόδισε Ναβουζαρδὰν ὁ ἀρχι μάγειρος τοῦ βασιλέως. Ὀλίγους δέ τινας πενίᾳ συζῶντας κατέλιπε, γεωργεῖν παρακελευσάμενος· ιαʹ, ιβʹ. Καὶ ἐνετείλατο Ναβουχοδονόσορ βασιλεὺς Βαβυλῶνος περὶ Ἱερεμίου Ναβουζαρδὰν λέγων· Λάβε αὐτὸν, καὶ τοὺς ὀφθαλμούς σου θὲς ἐπ' αὐτὸν, καὶ μὴ ποιήσῃς αὐτῷ μηδὲν κακόν· ὅτι ἀλλ' ἢ καθὼς ἐὰν λαλήσῃ πρὸς σὲ, οὕτως ποιήσεις μετ' αὐτοῦ. Ηὔξησε τὴν τῶν Ἰουδαίων κατηγορίαν, καὶ Ναβουχοδονόσορ ὁ βασιλεὺς, καὶ Ἀβδεμέλεχ ὁ Αἰθίοψ. Ἀλλόφυλοι γὰρ ὄντες τὸν προφήτην ᾐδέσθησαν· Ἰουδαῖοι δὲ προφητικοῖς λόγοις ἐντεθραμμένοι, οὔτε τοῖς θείοις προσέχειν ἠβουλήθη σαν λόγοις, καὶ τοὺς προφήτας παντοδαπαῖς τιμω ρίαις ὑπέβαλον. Πέρας μέντοι εἴληφεν ἡ τοῦ Θεοῦ ἐπαγγελία· χειροτονήσας γὰρ τὸν προφήτην, ὑπ έσχετο ἄμαχον αὐτὸν δείξειν, καὶ στύλῳ σιδηρῷ, καὶ τείχει χαλκῷ ὅμοιον, ὅτι πολεμήσουσι μὲν αὐτὸν, οὐ περιγενήσονται δέ. Ὁ μέντοι Ναβουζαρδὰν, καὶ πᾶσα ἡ τῶν ἀρχόντων συμμορία, μετεπέμψαντο τὸν Ἰερεμίαν ἐκ τῆς εἱρκτῆς, καὶ τῷ Γοδολίᾳ παρέδωκαν, ὃν ἄρχειν τῶν καταλειφθέντων ἐν τῇ Ἰουδαίᾳ προσέταξε. Συγγραφῆς δὲ ὁ προφήτης ἠξίωσε καὶ τὰ περὶ τοῦ Ἀβδεμέλεχ ὑπὸ τοῦ Θεοῦ προῤῥηθέντα, καὶ τέλους τετυχηκότα. Οὐδὲν γὰρ ἀτημέλητον, οὐδὲ ἄμισθον παρ' αὐτῷ· τότε δὲ, φησὶν, ὑπέσχετο ὁ Θεὸς ταῦτα λέγων· Ἰδοὺ ἐγὼ φέρω τὸν λόγον μου ἐπὶ τὴν πόλιν ταύτην εἰς κακὰ, καὶ οὐκ εἰς ἀγαθά· καὶ ἔσον ται κατὰ πρόσωπόν σου ἐν τῇ ἡμέρᾳ ἐκείνῃ. (ιζʹ, ιηʹ.) Καὶ σώσω σε ἐν τῇ ἡμέρᾳ ἐκείνῃ, φησὶ Κύριος·","english":"They destroyed the circuits of the city; and the rest Nabuzardan, the chief cook of the king, enslaved. But he left certain few who lived in poverty, commanding them to till the land. 11, 12. And Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon commanded Nabuzardan concerning Jeremiah, saying: Take him, and set your eyes upon him, and do him no evil at all; but only as he shall speak to you, so shall you do with him. Both Nebuchadnezzar the king and Abde-melech the Ethiopian increased the accusation of the Jews. For being foreigners they reverenced the prophet; but the Jews, nurtured in prophetic words, neither wished to attend to the divine words, and subjected the prophets to every kind of punishment. Nevertheless the promise of God has received its end; for having ordained the prophet, he promised to show him unconquerable, and like an iron pillar and a bronze wall, because they shall war against him, but shall not prevail. However Nabuzardan and the whole company of the rulers summoned Jeremiah from the prison and delivered him to Godolias, whom he commanded to rule those left behind in Judea. The prophet also deemed worthy of record the things foretold by God concerning Abde-melech, and which had obtained their end. For nothing is neglected, nor unrewarded with him; but then, he says, God promised these things, saying: Behold, I bring my word upon this city for evils, and not for good; and they shall be before your face in that day. (17, 18.) And I will save you in that day, says the Lord.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":152,"ref":"p152","source":"καὶ οὐ μὴ δώσω σε εἰς χεῖρας ἀνθρώπων, ὧν σὺ φοβῇ ἀπὸ προσώπου αὐτῶν. Ὅτι σώζων σώσω σε, καὶ ἐν ῥομφαίᾳ οὐ μὴ πεσῇ· καὶ ἔσται σοι ἡ ψυχή σου εἰς εὕρημα, ὅτι ἐπεποίθεις ἐπ' ἐμὲ, φησὶ Κύριος. \"Ἀληθῶς μακάριος, οὗ ὁ Θεὸς Ἰακὼβ βοηθὸς αὐτοῦ· καὶ ἡ ἐλπὶς αὐτοῦ ἐπὶ Κύριον τὸν Θεὸν αὐτοῦ·\" καὶ, \"Μακάριος ὁ λαὸς οὗ Κύριος ὁ Θεὸς αὐτοῦ.\" Τί γὰρ ὤνησε τὸν Σεδε κίαν ἡ βασιλεία; Τί δὲ παρέβλαψε τὸν Ἀβδεμέλεχ ἡ δουλεία; Ὁ μὲν γὰρ διὰ τὴν ἀσέβειαν ἐκεῖνα πέπον θεν ἅπαντα· ὁ δὲ διὰ τὴν εὐλάβειαν πεῖραν οὐκ ἔλαβε τῶν κακῶν.\n\nΚΕΦΑΛ. Μʹ.\n\nΕἶτα διδάσκει ὁ προφήτης, τίνα πρὸς αὐτὸν ὁ Ναβουζαρδὰν ὁ ἀρχιμάγειρος λέγει, Κύριος ὁ Θεός σου ἐχρημάτισε τὰ κακὰ ταῦτα ἐπὶ τὴν πόλιν ταύτην. (γʹ.) Καὶ ἐπήγαγε, καὶ ἐποίησε Κύριος, καθὼς ἐλάλησεν, ὅτι ἡμαρτήκατε αὐτῷ, καὶ οὐκ ἠκούσατε τῆς φωνῆς αὐ τοῦ, καὶ ἐγένετο τὸ ῥῆμα τοῦτο ὑμῖν. Καὶ ἐντεῦ θεν δῆλον, ὡς ἐπ' εὐεργεσίᾳ τῶν ἄλλων ἐθνῶν τὸν Ἰσραὴλ ὁ Θεὸς ἐξ ἀρχῆς ἐξελέξατο· τά τε γὰρ δι' αὐτοὺς γινόμενα θαύματα κατέπληττεν ἅπαντας, καὶ σαφῶς ἐδίδασκεν, ὅτι ὁ τούτων Θεὸς μόνος ἀλη θὴς Θεός· καὶ αὖ πάλιν, τὰ συμβαίνοντα αὐτοῖς λυπηρὰ, τῆς μὲν αὐτῶν κατηγόρει παρανομίας, τοῦ δὲ Θεοῦ τὴν δικαίαν ἐκήρυττε ψῆφον. Αὐτίκα τοίνυν ἔφη Ναβουζαρδὰν, καὶ τούτους δίκας ἀξίως δεδωκέναι, καὶ τὸν Θεὸν δίκαια δεδρακέναι. Εἶτα αἵρεσιν δίδωσι τῷ προφήτῃ, καὶ ὑπισχνεῖται μὲν τὴν ἐν Βαβυλῶνι θεραπείαν, εἰ ἐκείνης τὴν οἴκησιν προέλοιτο· ἐπαγγέλλεται δὲ καὶ καταλείψειν, εἰ τοῦτο προέλοιτο, καί φησιν· Ἰδοὺ πᾶσα ἡ γῆ ἐναντίον σου·","english":"And I will not give you into the hands of the men whom you fear from their presence. For I will surely save you, and you shall not fall by the sword; and your life shall be a find for you, because you trusted in me, says the Lord. \"Truly blessed is he whose helper is the God of Jacob, and whose hope is in the Lord his God;\" and, \"Blessed is the people whose Lord is their God.\" For what did the kingdom profit Zedekiah? And what harm did slavery do to Abde-melech? For the one suffered all those things because of his impiety; but the other, because of his piety, did not experience evils.\n\nCHAPTER 40.\n\nThen the prophet teaches what Nabuzardan the chief cook says to him: The Lord your God brought these evils upon this city. (3.) And he added, and the Lord has done just as he spoke, because you sinned against him, and you did not listen to his voice, and this word came upon you. And from this it is clear that God chose Israel from the beginning for the benefit of the other nations; for the wonders done on their account struck all with amazement, and clearly taught that the God of these is the only true God; and again, the sorrowful things that happened to them accused their lawlessness, and proclaimed the just verdict of God. So then Nabuzardan said that these also had paid the penalty deservedly, and that God had acted justly. Then he gives the prophet a choice, and promises service in Babylon if he should prefer dwelling there; and he promises also to leave him behind, if he should prefer this, and says: Behold, all the land is before you;","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":153,"ref":"p153","source":"ὅπου ἂν ᾖ ἀγαθὸν καὶ ἀρεστόν σοι πορευθῆναι, πο ρεύου. (εʹ.) Καὶ πρὶν ἢ ἀπαλλαγῶ ἐγὼ, ἀπόῤῥιψαι σὺ, καὶ ἀνάστρεψον πρὸς Γοδολίαν, υἱὸν Ἀχί καμ, υἱοῦ Σαφὰν, ὃν κατέστησε βασιλεὺς Βαβυλῶνος ἐν γῇ Ἰούδα, καὶ οἴκησον μετ' αὐτοῦ ἐν μέσῳ τοῦ λαοῦ σου· εἰ δὲ μὴ, εἰς πάντα τὰ καλὰ ἐν ὀφθαλμοῖς σου πορευθῆναι, πορεύου. Αὐτοκράτωρ εἶ, φησὶν, ἔξω τῆς ἐμῆς ἐξουσίας τελεῖς, ὑπὸ τὴν θείαν εἶ δεσποτείαν, τὸ δοκοῦν σοι πράττε. Τούτοις καὶ τοῖς τοιούτοις χρησάμενος λόγοις, καὶ πλεῖστα δῶρα δεδωκὼς, ἀπέλυσεν· ὁ μέντοι προφήτης πρὸς τὸν\n\nΓοδολίαν ἀφίκετο. Εἶτα διηγεῖται ὁ προφήτης, ὡς τῶν ἀρχόντων οἱ ἀποδράντες τὰ κατὰ τὸν Γοδολίαν μεμαθηκότες, συνέδραμον πρὸς αὐτὸν, καὶ ὡς ὅρκῳ αὐτοὺς ἔπεισεν ὁ Γοδολίας μηδὲν πείσεσθαι λυπηρὸν ὑπὸ τῶν Χαλ δαίων, καὶ προέτρεψε τοὺς ἀπὸ γῆς συλλέξαι καρ ποὺς, καὶ μετ' εἰρήνης τῶν τῆς εἰρήνης ἀγαθῶν ἀπολαύειν. Ἐπανῆλθον δὲ καὶ οἱ πρὸς Ἰδουμαίους, καὶ Μωαβίτας, καὶ Ἀμμανίτας καταφυγόντες, ἐπειδὴ τὸν Γοδολίαν ἔμαθον ἄρχοντα γεγενῆσθαι. Εἶτα διδάσκει ὡς ὁ Ἰωανὰν σὺν τοῖς ἄλλοις ἄρχουσιν ἐπιβουλήν τινα τυρευομένην ὑπὸ τοῦ Ἰσμαὴλ, ἐμήνυσε τῷ Γοδολίᾳ· μηνύσαντες δὲ οὐκ ἔπεισαν, ὡς ἀληθῆ λέγουσι· καὶ ὡς Ἰωανὰν κρύβδην ἐζήτησε κατασφάξαι τὸν Ἰσμαήλ· \"Μήποτε πατάξῃ ψυχήν σου, καὶ διασκορπισθήσονται πάντες οἱ Ἰουδαῖοι οἱ συνηγμένοι πρὸς σὲ, καὶ ἀπολοῦνται οἱ ἐπίλοιποι Ἰουδαῖοι.\" Ἀλλ' οὐδὲ τούτων ἀκούσας ὁ Γοδολίας ἠνέσχετο, ἀλλ' ἀπαγορεύει τὴν ἐπιχείρησιν, συκο φαντίαν τὴν κατηγορίαν καλῶν. ΚΕΦΑΛ. ΜΑʹ. Ἑπτὰ δὲ διεληλυθότων μηνῶν, ἀφίκετο πάλιν ὁ Ἰσμαήλ·","english":"Wherever it may be good and pleasing to you to go, go. (5.) And before I depart, you turn back and return to Gedaliah, son of Ahikam, son of Shaphan, whom the king of Babylon appointed in the land of Judah, and dwell with him in the midst of your people; but if not, go to whatever is good in your eyes. You are your own master, he says; you will act outside my authority, you are under the divine dominion; do what seems good to you. Having used these and such words, and having given very many gifts, he released him; the prophet, however, came to Gedaliah. Then the prophet recounts how the leaders who had fled, having learned the things concerning Gedaliah, ran together to him, and how Gedaliah persuaded them by an oath that they would suffer nothing painful from the Chaldeans, and he urged them to gather the fruits of the land and to enjoy the good things of peace in peace. And those who had fled to the Idumeans, and Moabites, and Ammonites also returned, since they learned that Gedaliah had become ruler. Then he teaches how Johanan together with the other leaders reported to Gedaliah a certain plot being contrived by Ishmael; but having reported it they did not persuade him that they spoke the truth; and how Johanan secretly sought to slay Ishmael: \"Lest he strike your life, and all the Jews who have been gathered to you be scattered, and the remaining Jews perish.\" But Gedaliah did not even endure to hear these things, but he forbade the undertaking, calling the accusation slander. CHAPTER 41. And when seven months had passed, Ishmael came again;","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":154,"ref":"p154","source":"ἐκ δὲ τοῦ βασιλικοῦ γένους ἐτύγχανεν ὢν, καὶ τραπέζης σὺν αὐτῷ κοινωνήσας, ἀνεῖλε τὸν Γοδολίαν, καὶ τοὺς συγκαταλειφθέντας σὺν αὐτῷ ἅπαντας, καὶ Χαλδαίους, καὶ Ἰουδαίους. Δυοῖν δὲ διελθουσῶν ἡμερῶν εʹ. Ἦλθον, φησὶν, ἄνδρες ἀπὸ Συχὲμ, καὶ ἀπὸ Σαλὴμ, καὶ ἀπὸ Σαμαρείας, ὀγδοήκοντα ἄνδρες ἐξυρημένοι τοὺς πώγωνας καὶ διεῤῥω γότες τὰ ἱμάτια αὑτῶν, καὶ κοπτόμενοι· καὶ μάννα, καὶ λίβανος ἐν ταῖς χερσὶν αὐτῶν, τοῦ εἰσενεγκεῖν εἰς οἶκον Κυρίου. Τὴν Σαλὴμ Σιλὼμ καλεῖ, καὶ ὁ Ἑβραῖος, καὶ ὁ Σύρος. Διδάσκει δὲ, ὡς καὶ τούτους ἅπαντας ὁ Ἰσμαὴλ κατηκόντισε, καὶ εἰς φρέαρ τὰ τούτων ἔῤῥιψε σώματα· ἕτεροι δέ τινες δέκα περιπεσόντες, καὶ αὐτοὶ ἱκέτευσαν τὸν Ἰσμαὴλ, ἐπισχεῖν τὴν σφαγὴν, θησαυροὺς αὐτῷ τινας μηνύσειν ἐπαγγελλόμενοι. Ταῦτα δὲ ἅπαντα δεδρακὼς, τοὺς ὑπολειφθέντας ἅπαντας ᾤχετο λαβὼν, καὶ πρὸς Ἀμμωνίτας κατέφυγεν. Ὁ δὲ Ἰωανὰν σὺν τοῖςἄλλοις ἄρχουσι, τὰ γεγενημένα μαθὼν, πλῆθος συν αγαγὼν ἐπεστράτευσε τῷ Ἰσμαήλ· οἱ δὲ ὑπὸ τοῦ Ἰσμαὴλ ἐξανδραποδισθέντες, τοὺς κατ' αὐτοῦ στρατεύσαντας θεασάμενοι, ἥσθησάν τε καὶ προσεχώρησαν τούτοις· ὁ δὲ Ἰσμαὴλ σὺν ἀνδράσιν ὀκτὼ τοῖς Ἀμμωνίταις προσέφυγε· καὶ ταῦτα δὲ τοῖς Ἰουδαίοις ἡ θεία ψῆφος προσέφερεν. Ἐπειδὴ γὰρ ἐνό μισαν τοὺς πολεμίους πεφευγέναι, ταῖς ἀλλήλων παρεδόθησαν δεξιαῖς· ὁ μέντοι Ἰωανὰν, τὸ πλῆθος τούτων συναγαγὼν, εἴς τινα κώμην τῇ Βηθλεὲμ πελάζουσαν παρεγένετο, εἰς Αἴγυπτον φυγεῖν βουλόμενος· ἐδεδίει γὰρ τοὺς Χαλδαίους, διὰ τὴν τοῦ Γο δολίου σφαγήν. ΚΕΦΑΛ. ΜΒʹ.","english":"He was of the royal lineage, and having shared a table with him, he killed Gedaliah, and all those left with him, both Chaldeans and Judeans. (5.) And after two days had passed, he says, men came from Shechem, and from Salem, and from Samaria, eighty men, shaved as to their beards and with their garments torn, and beating themselves; and manna and frankincense in their hands, to bring into the house of the Lord. Salem he calls Silo, both the Hebrew and the Syrian. He teaches that Ishmael struck down all these also with javelins, and threw their bodies into a pit; but certain others, ten in number, fell upon him, and they too supplicated Ishmael to stay the slaughter, promising to reveal certain treasures to him. And having done all these things, he departed taking all who were left, and fled to the Ammonites. But Johanan with the other leaders, having learned what had happened, gathered a multitude and marched against Ishmael; and those who had been enslaved by Ishmael, seeing those who marched against him, rejoiced and went over to them; but Ishmael fled with eight men to the Ammonites; and these things too the divine sentence brought upon the Judeans. For since they thought they had escaped their enemies, they were handed over to one another's right hands; Johanan, however, having gathered the multitude of them, came to a certain village near Bethlehem, wishing to flee to Egypt; for he feared the Chaldeans, because of the slaughter of Gedaliah. Chapter 42.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":155,"ref":"p155","source":"Κοινῇ μέντοι πάντες, οἵ τε ἄρχοντες καὶ ὁ λαὸς, τὸν προφήτην ἱκετεύουσι, ταῦτα λέγοντες· βʹ, γʹ. Πεσέτω ὁ ἔλεος ἡμῶν κατὰ πρόσωπόν σου, καὶ πρόσευξαι πρὸς Κύριον τὸν Θεόν σου περὶ τῶν καταλοίπων τούτων, ὅτι κατελείφθημεν ὀλίγοι ἀπὸ πολλῶν, ὡς οἱ ὀφθαλμοί σου βλέ πουσιν ἡμᾶς. Καὶ ἀναγγειλάτω ἡμῖν Κύριος ὁ Θεός σου τὴν ὁδὸν ἣν πορευσόμεθα ἐν αὐτῇ, καὶ λόγον ὃν ποιήσωμεν. Ἀντιβολοῦσι μὲν ὀρθῶς, καὶ μαθεῖν τὸ πρακτέον ἐπιθυμοῦσιν. Ἀπει θοῦσι δὲ συνήθως, καὶ τοῖς θείοις ἀντιλέγουσι νόμοις· ὁ δέ γε προφήτης καὶ ἀντιβολήσειν ὑπισχνεῖται, καὶ μηνύσειν τὰ κελευόμενα· οἱ δὲ εἰς ἅπαντα εἴξειν ὑπέσχοντο, καὶ ὅρκῳ τὴν ἐπαγγελίαν ἐκύρωσαν. εʹ, ϛʹ. Ἔστω γὰρ, φησὶ, Κύριος ἐν ἡμῖν, εἰς μάρτυρα δίκαιον καὶ πιστὸν, ὅτι κατὰ τὸν λόγον ὃν ἐὰν ἀποστείλῃ σε Κύριος ὁ Θεὸς πρὸς ἡμᾶς οὕτω ποιήσομεν. Καὶ ἐὰν ἀγαθὸν, καὶ ἐὰν κακὸν, καὶ τῆς φωνῆς Κυρίου τοῦ Θεοῦ ἡμῶν, οὗ ἡμεῖς ἀποστέλλομέν σε πρὸς αὐτὸν, ἀκουσόμεθα, ἵνα βέλτιον ἡμῖν γένηται, ὅτι ἀκουσόμεθα τῆς φωνῆς Κυρίου τοῦ Θεοῦ ἡμῶν. Τὰ μὲν ῥή ματα εὐσεβείας μεστὰ, οὐ συμφωνεῖ δὲ τοῖς λόγοις τὰ πράγματα. Δέκα γὰρ διελθουσῶν ἡμερῶν τῆς ἀποκρίσεως ὁ προφήτης τετύχηκε· τὴν δὲ τῆς ἀποκρίσεως ἀναβολὴν γεγενῆσθαι νομίζω εἰς ὠφέ λειαν τῶν ᾐτηκότων· ἵνα γνῶσιν ὡς μόγις ὁ Θεὸς τοῦ προφήτου τὴν ἱκετείαν","english":"All alike, however—both the rulers and the people—entreat the prophet, saying these things: (2, 3.) Let our mercy fall before your face, and pray to the Lord your God for these remnants, for we have been left few out of many, as your eyes see us. And let the Lord your God announce to us the way in which we shall walk, and the word which we shall do. They plead rightly, and they desire to learn what must be done. But they are disobedient as is their custom, and they contradict the divine laws; yet the prophet both promises to plead and to make known what is commanded; and they promised to yield in all things, and they ratified the promise with an oath. (5, 6.) For let the Lord, he says, be among us as a righteous and faithful witness, that according to the word which the Lord your God may send you to us, so we will do. And whether it be good or whether it be evil, we will listen to the voice of the Lord our God, to whom we send you, that it may be better for us, because we will listen to the voice of the Lord our God. The words are full of piety, but the deeds do not agree with the words. For after ten days had passed, the prophet obtained the answer; and I think the delay of the answer came about for the benefit of those who asked, that they might know that God scarcely","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":156,"ref":"p156","source":"ἐδέξατο. Λέγει τοίνυν αὐτὸς ὁ προφήτης, προστεταχέναι τὸν Θεὸν τῇδε γῇ προσμεῖναι. Πάσης γὰρ ὑμᾶς, φησὶν, ἀξιώσω κηδεμονίας. \"Καὶ οἰκοδομήσω ὑμᾶς, καὶ οὐ μὴ καθελῶ, καὶ φυτεύσω ὑμᾶς, καὶ οὐ μὴ ἐκτίλω. Ὅτι ἀναπέπαυμαι ἐπὶ τοῖς κακοῖς, οἷς εἶπόν με ποιῆσαι ὑμῖν.\" Ἐκβάλλει δὲ αὐτῶν καὶ τὸ δέος, καὶ θαῤῥεῖν παρεγγυᾷ. ιαʹ. Μὴ φοβηθῆτε γὰρ, φησὶ, ἀπὸ προσώπου βασιλέως Βαβυλῶνος, οὗ ὑμεῖς φοβεῖσθε ἀπὸ προσώπου αὐτοῦ· ὅτι μεθ' ὑμῶν εἰμι ἐγὼ, τοῦ ἐξαιρεῖσθαι ὑμᾶς, καὶ σώζειν ὑμᾶς ἐκ χειρὸς αὐ τοῦ. Ἐπαγγέλλεται δὲ καὶ τὴν τῶν γεγενημένων αἰχμαλώτων ἀνάκλησιν. Εἰ δὲ τοῖς ἐμοῖς, φησὶν, ἀντιτείνητε λόγοις, καὶ τὴν Αἴγυπτον καταλάβοιτε, ταύτῃ διαφυγεῖν τοὺς πολεμίους πειρώμενοι, ἐκεῖ τοὺς πολεμίους οὓς δεδίττετε, πέμψω. ιϛʹ. Ἔσται γὰρ, φησὶν, ἡ ῥομφαία, ἣν ὑμεῖς φοβεῖσθε ἀπὸ προσώπου αὐτῆς, ἐκεῖ εὑρήσει ὑμᾶς ἐν γῇ Αἰγύπτου· καὶ ὁ λιμὸς δὲ πάλιν ὃν πεφρίκατε, ἐν ἐκείνῃ ὑμῖν ἐπισκήψει τῇ γῇ· Καὶ τὰ αὐτὰ πλατύτερον εἰρηκὼς ἐπάγει καὶ ταῦτα· ιηʹ. Καθὼς ἔσταξεν ὁ θυμός μου, καὶ ἡ ὀργή μου ἐπὶ τοὺς κατοικοῦντας Ἱερουσαλήμ· οὕτω στάξει ὁ θυμός μου ἐφ' ὑμᾶς εἰσελθόντων ὑμῶν εἰς Αἴγυπτον· καὶ ἔσεσθε εἰς ἄβατον, καὶ ὑποχείριοι, καὶ εἰς ἀρὰν, καὶ εἰς ὀνειδισμὸν, καὶ οὐ μὴ ἴδητε ἔτι τὸν τόπον τοῦτον. Ἔδειξεν, ὡς ἐνῆν ἀνθρώποις ἰδεῖν τὸ τῆς δυνάμεως μέγεθος. Τὰ γὰρ ἐπενεχθέντα Ἰουδαίοις κακὰ σταγόνας ἐκάλεσε τοῦ θυμοῦ, τουτέστι τῆς τιμωρητικῆς ἐνεργείας. Εἶτα ὁ προφήτης, καὶ τῶν ὅρκων ἀναμιμνήσκει. κʹ. Ὑμεῖς γὰρ, ἀπεστείλατέ με πρὸς Κύριον τὸν Θεὸν ὑμῶν, λέγοντες·","english":"He received. The prophet himself then says that God had commanded them to remain in this land. \"For I will grant you,\" he says, \"every kind of care. And I will build you up, and I will not tear down; and I will plant you, and I will not pluck up. For I have rested from the evils which I said I would do to you.\" He also casts out their fear and urges them to take courage. 11. \"For do not fear,\" he says, \"before the king of Babylon, whom you fear before his face; for I am with you, to rescue you and to save you from his hand.\" He also promises the recall of those who have been taken captive. \"But if,\" he says, \"you oppose my words and occupy Egypt, trying to escape the enemies there, I will send there the enemies whom you dread.\" 16. \"For the sword,\" he says, \"which you fear before its face, will find you there in the land of Egypt; and the famine again, which you have shuddered at, will fall upon you in that land.\" And having said the same things more at length, he adds these also: 18. \"As my wrath and my anger have dripped upon those who dwell in Jerusalem, so my wrath will drip upon you when you enter Egypt; and you shall be a place untrodden, and subject to hands, and a curse, and a reproach, and you shall no longer see this place.\" He showed, as far as it was possible for men to see, the greatness of the power. For the evils brought upon the Jews he called drops of wrath, that is, of the punitive energy. Then the prophet reminds them also of the oaths. 20. \"For you sent me to the Lord your God, saying:","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":157,"ref":"p157","source":"Πρόσευξαι περὶ ἡμῶν, καὶ πάντα ὅσα ἂν λαλήσῃ Κύριος ὁ Θεὸς ἡμῶν, ἀνάγγειλον ἡμῖν, καὶ ποιήσομεν· καὶ ἀπήγγειλα ὑμῖν σήμερον, καὶ οὐκ ἠκούσατε τῆς φωνῆς Κυρίου τοῦ Θεοῦ ὑμῶν, κατὰ πάντα ὅσα ἀπέστειλε πρὸς ὑμᾶς. Καὶ νῦν ἐστε γινώσκον τες, ὅτι ἐν ῥομφαίᾳ, καὶ ἐν λιμῷ, καὶ ἐν θανάτῳ ἐκλείψετε ἐν τῷ τόπῳ τούτῳ, ἐν ᾧ ὑμεῖς βού λεσθε εἰσελθόντες κατοικεῖν ἐκεῖ. Ταῦτα γὰρ, ἃ διαφυγεῖν πειρᾶσθε, εὑρήσετε ἐν Αἰγύπτῳ.\n\nΚΕΦΑΛ. ΜΓʹ.\n\nΤούτων ἀκούσαντες οἱ τοῦ λαοῦ προστατεύοντες, θρασύτητι καὶ ἀλαζονείᾳ συνέζων, καὶ τῶν παρα κλήσεων ἐπελάθοντο, καὶ τῶν ὅρκων, καὶ τῷ προ φήτῃ εἰπεῖν ἐτόλμησαν, βʹ, γʹ. Ψευδῆ σὺ λαλεῖς· οὐκ ἀπέστειλέ σε Κύριος ὁ Θεὸς ἡμῶν πρὸς ἡμᾶς λέγων, Μὴ εἰσέλθητε εἰς Αἴγυπτον. Ἀλλὰ Βαροὺχ, υἱὸς Νηρίου, συμβάλλει σε πρὸς ἡμᾶς, ἵνα δῷς ἡμᾶς εἰς χεῖρας Χαλδαίων, τοῦ θανατῶσαι ἡμᾶς καὶ ἀποικίσαι ἡμᾶς εἰς Βαβυλῶνα. Ταῦτα πρὸς τὸν προφήτην εἰρηκότες, καὶ ἄντικρυς παραβεβηκότες τοὺς γεγενημένους ὅρκους, ἐπὶ τὴν Αἴγυπτον ὥρμη σαν σὺν παντὶ τῷ ἀθροισθέντι λαῷ· συναπήγαγον δὲ καὶ τὸν προφήτην, καὶ τὸν Βαρούχ. Ἐν τοίνυν τῇ Τάφνας (πόλις δὲ αὕτη τῆς Αἰγύπτου) προστάτ τεται ὁ προφήτης λίθους λαβεῖν, καὶ τούτους πρὸ τῶν πυλῶν κατακρύψαι τῶν βασιλείων, τῶν Ἰουδαίων ὁρώντων, καὶ ταῦτα προαγορεῦσαι. ιʹ, ιαʹ. Ἰδοὺ ἐγὼ ἀποστέλλω καὶ ἄγω Ναβουχοδονόσορ βασιλέα Βαβυλῶνος, τὸν δοῦλόν μου, καὶ ἐπιθήσει τὸν θρόνον αὑτοῦ ἐπάνω τῶν λίθων τούτων, καὶ ἀρεῖ τὰ ὅπλα αὑτοῦ ἐπ' αὐ τούς. Καὶ τοὺς μὲν τῶν Αἰγυπτίων παραδώσει θανάτῳ, τοὺς δὲ ἐξανδραποδίσας μεταναστήσει·","english":"Pray for us, and everything that the Lord our God may speak, declare to us, and we will do it; and I declared it to you today, and you did not listen to the voice of the Lord your God, in all that he sent to you. And now know that by sword, and by famine, and by death you shall perish in this place, in which you wish to enter and dwell there. For these things which you try to escape, you will find in Egypt.\n\nCHAPTER 43.\n\nWhen the leaders of the people heard these things, they lived with recklessness and arrogance, and forgot the exhortations and the oaths, and they dared to say to the prophet (verses 2–3): \"You speak falsely; the Lord our God did not send you to us saying, 'Do not enter Egypt.' But Baruch the son of Neriah incites you against us, so that you may give us into the hands of the Chaldeans, to put us to death and to deport us to Babylon.\" Having said these things to the prophet, and having openly transgressed the oaths that had been made, they set out for Egypt with all the people who had been gathered together; and they also led away with them the prophet and Baruch. Therefore at Tahpanhes (this is a city of Egypt) the prophet is commanded to take stones and to hide them before the gates of the palace, while the Jews were watching, and to foretell these things (verses 10–11): \"Behold, I send and bring Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon, my servant, and he shall set his throne upon these stones, and he shall raise his weapons against them. And some of the Egyptians he shall deliver to death, and others he shall reduce to slavery and deport.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":158,"ref":"p158","source":"ἐμπρήσει δὲ καὶ τοὺς τῶν εἰδώλων ναοὺς, καὶ αὐτὰ δέ γε λήψεται δορυάλωτα. Καὶ διδάσκων, ὡς οὐ πάρεργον ποιήσεται τὴν κατὰ τῆς Αἰγύπτου στρατείαν, ἀλλ' ἐπιμελῶς αὐτὴν καταλύσει, ἀπεικά ζει αὐτὸν ποιμένι τοῦ ἱματίου τοὺς φθεῖρας συλ λέγοντι. Ἐπιμελῶς δὲ τοῦτο ποιοῦσιν οἱ ποιμένες πλείστης σχολῆς ἀπολαύοντες. Καὶ φθειριεῖ, φησὶ, τὴν Αἴγυπτον, ὡς φθειρίζει ποιμὴν τὸ ἱμάτιον αὑτοῦ καὶ ἐξελεύσεται ἐκεῖ θεν ἐν εἰρήνῃ. (ιγʹ.) Καὶ συντρίψει τοὺς στύλους Ἡλιουπόλεως, καὶ τοὺς ἐν Ὤν. Καὶ\n\nτοὺς οἴκους τῶν θεῶν αὐτῶν κατακαύσει ἐν πυρί. Διώνυμος ἦν ἡ πόλις· καὶ γὰρ Ὢν ἐκαλεῖτο, καὶ Ἡλιούπολις. Τοῦτο ἡμᾶς καὶ ἡ Ἔξοδος ἐδίδαξεν· ἔφη γὰρ κεκτικέναι πόλεις τῷ Φαραὼ τοὺς υἱοὺς Ἰσραὴλ, τήν τε Πειθὼ, καὶ Ῥαμεσσῆ, καὶ Ὢν, ἥἐστιν Ἡλιούπολις. Τὸν μέντοι Ναβουχοδονόσορ \"δοῦ λον ἑαυτοῦ\" καλεῖ ὁ Θεὸς, οὐχὶ ὡς σχέσει ὄντα δοῦλον καὶ διαθέσει, ἀλλ' ὡς φύσει δοῦλον· τοῦ γὰρ ποιητοῦ δοῦλον τὸ ποίημα· διδάσκει δὲ κατὰ ταὐτὸν, ὡς αὐτοῦ συγχωροῦντος ταῦτα ἐποίει. ΚΕΦΑΛ. ΜΔʹ.","english":"He will burn down the temples of the idols, and he will take those very things as spoil of war. And teaching that he will not make the campaign against Egypt a side matter, but will thoroughly destroy it, he likens him to a shepherd picking lice from his garment. Shepherds do this carefully, enjoying the greatest leisure. And he will louse Egypt, he says, as a shepherd delouses his own garment, and he will come out from there in peace. (13) And he will shatter the pillars of Heliopolis, and those in On. And he will burn the houses of their gods with fire. The city had two names; for it was called both On and Heliopolis. The Exodus also taught us this; for it said that the sons of Israel had possessed cities for Pharaoh: Pithom, and Rameses, and On, which is Heliopolis. However, God calls Nebuchadnezzar \"his servant,\" not as being a servant by relationship and disposition, but as a servant by nature; for the creature is a servant of the Creator. And he teaches at the same time that he did these things with his permission. Chapter 44.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":159,"ref":"p159","source":"Τοῖς μέντοι Ἰουδαίοις καὶ ἀπείθειαν νοσοῦσι παραίνεσιν πάλιν ὁ φιλάνθρωπος φέρει Δεσπότης, διακόνῳ χρώμενος τῷ προφήτῃ. Καὶ πρῶτον μὲν ἀναμιμνήσκει τῶν γεγενημένων ἐν τῇ Ἰουδαίᾳ κα κῶν, διὰ τὴν τῶν οἰκητόρων παρανομίαν, εἶτα τού τοις αὐτοῖς ἐπιμέμφεται, ὡς τὰ ὅμοια τολμῶσι, καὶ τὴν θείαν ἐπισπωμένοις ὀργήν. ζʹ, ηʹ. Ἰδοὺ γὰρ, φησὶν, ὑμεῖς ποιεῖτε κακὰ μεγάλα ἐπὶ τὰς ψυχὰς ὑμῶν, ἐκκόψαι ὑμῶν ἄνδρα καὶ γυναῖκα, νήπιον καὶ θηλάζοντα, ἐκ μέσου Ἰούδα, πρὸς τὸ μὴ καταλειφθῆναι ὑμῶν μηδένα. Παραπικράναι με ἐν τοῖς ἔργοις τῶν χειρῶν ὑμῶν, θυμιᾷν θεοῖς ἑτέροις ἐν γῇ Αἰγύπτῳ οὗ εἰσήλθετε παροικεῖν ἐκεῖ, ἵνα ἐκκοπῆτε, καὶ ἵνα γένησθε εἰς κατάραν, καὶ εἰς ὀνειδι σμὸν ἐν πᾶσι τοῖς ἔθνεσι τῆς γῆς. Ἀναμιμνήσκει δὲ αὐτοὺς, ὡς ἔναυλον ἔχοντας μνήμην, καὶ τῶν τολμηθέντων κακῶν ὑπό τε τῶν πατέρων αὐτῶν, καὶ τῶν βασιλέων, καὶ μέντοι καὶ τῶν δυνατῶν· καὶ τῶν διὰ ταῦτα ἐπενεχθεισῶν αὐτοῖς παντοδαπῶν συμ φορῶν. Καὶ τούτοις ἐπιφέρει τὴν ἀπειλὴν, Κύριον ἑαυ τὸν τῶν δυνάμεων ὀνομάζων, καὶ Θεὸν Ἰσραήλ· ἵνα καὶ τὸ μέγεθος τῆς ἐξουσίας ἀκούοντες, καὶ τὴν περὶ τοὺς προγόνους κηδεμονίαν μανθάνοντες, καὶ ἐντραπῶσι καὶ δείσωσιν. \"Ἰδοὺ ἐφίστημι τὸ πρόσωπον ἐφ' ὑμᾶς εἰς κακά.\" Ἴδιον τῶν ἀγανακτούντων βλοσυρὸν μὲν βλέπειν, ἀτενὲς δὲ ἔχειν τὸ ὄμμα, καὶ ἐπὶ πλεῖστον ἐπὶ τοὺς παροξύνοντας ἀποβλέπειν. Ἀπὸ τῶν ἀνθρωπίνων τοίνυν σχηματί ζει τὴν ἀπειλὴν, καί φησιν·","english":"But the loving-kind Lord again brings exhortation to the Jews, who are sick with disobedience as well, using the prophet as his servant. And first he reminds them of the evils that have happened in Judea because of the lawlessness of its inhabitants, and then he reproaches these same people, because they dare the same things and draw down divine wrath upon themselves. 7, 8. For behold, he says, you are doing great evils against your own souls, to cut off from among Judah man and woman, infant and nursing child, so that none of you may be left. You have provoked me in the works of your hands, burning incense to other gods in the land of Egypt, where you entered to sojourn there, so that you may be cut off, and so that you may become a curse and a reproach among all the nations of the earth. And he reminds them, as having a memory that echoes still, both of the evils dared by their fathers and their kings, and indeed by their mighty men, and of the manifold calamities brought upon them because of these things. And to these he adds the threat, naming himself Lord of hosts and God of Israel, so that by hearing the greatness of his authority and learning the care he had for their forefathers, they may both be ashamed and fear. \"Behold, I set my face against you for evil.\" It is characteristic of those who are angry to look sullen and to keep the eye fixed, and to look long upon those who provoke them. From human gestures, then, he shapes the threat, and says:","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":160,"ref":"p160","source":"\"Ἐφίστημι τὸ πρόσ ωπόν μου ἐφ' ὑμᾶς εἰς κακὰ τοῦ ἐξολοθρεῦσαι πάντα τὸν Ἰούδαν.\" Εἶτα λέγει, ὡς λιμῷ καὶ ῥομφαίᾳ παραδοθήσονται, καὶ παγγενῆ διαφθαρήσονται, καὶ γενήσονται εἰς ὅρκον, καὶ εἰς ἀπώλειαν, καὶ εἰς κατάραν, καὶ εἰς ὀνειδισμὸν, καὶ τὰ αὐτὰ πείσονται τοῖς ἐν τῇ Ἱερουσαλὴμ πολιορκηθεῖσι. \"Τού των μέντοι οὐδεὶς διαφεύξεται, οὐδὲ εἰς τὴν Ἰου δαίαν ἐπανήξει γῆν.\" Ἀλλὰ τούτων οὐδὲν τοὺς ἀθλίους, καὶ τρισαθλίους ἐξεδειμάτωσεν ἄνδρας. Ἀλλ' ἄντικρυς ἐβόων πάντες, καὶ ἄνδρες, καὶ γυ ναῖκες, διαφερόντως δὲ οἱ Βαβυλώνιοι, \"ὅτι. Τῶν σῶν οὐκ ἀνεχόμεθα λόγων.\" Τὸ δὲ τούτου χαλε πώτερον, ὅτι καὶ θείους τούτους νομίζοντες, ἀντέλεγον προφανῶς. ιϛʹ, ιζʹ. Τὸν λόγον γὰρ, φησὶν, ὃν ἐλάλησας πρὸς ἡμᾶς τῷ ὀνόματι Κυρίου, οὐκ ἀκουσόμεθά σου. Ὅτι ποιοῦντες ποιήσομεν πάντα λόγον, ὃς ἐξελεύσεται ἐκ τοῦ στόματος ἡμῶν, θυμιᾷν τῇ βασιλίσσῃ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ, καὶ σπένδειν αὐτῇ σπονδὰς, καθὰ ἐποιήσαμεν ἡμεῖς, καὶ πατέρες ἡμῶν καὶ οἱ βασιλεῖς ἡμῶν, καὶ οἱ ἄρχοντες ἡμῶν, ἐν πόλεσιν Ἰούδα, καὶ ἐν διόδοις Ἱερουσαλήμ. \"Βασίλισσαν οὐρανοῦ\" τὴν Ἀφροδίτην καλοῦσι, καὶ οἱ Ἕλληνες αὐτὴν Οὐρανίαν προσαγορεύουσι. Ταῦτα δὲ, φησὶ, ποιοῦντες, εἰς κόρον ἀπελαύσαμεν τῶν ἀγαθῶν· τὴν δὲ ταύτης θεραπείαν καταλιπόντες, καὶ πολέμῳ, καὶ λιμῷ παρεδόθημεν. Εἶτα αἱ γυναῖκες ἀναιδέστερον ἐβόων· ιθʹ. Ὅτι εἰ ἡμεῖς ἐθύομεν τῇ βασιλίσσῃ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ, καὶ ἐσπένδομεν αὐτῇ σπονδὰς, μὴ ἄνευ τῶν ἀνδρῶν ἡμῶν ἐποιήσαμεν αὐτῇ χαυῶνας, καὶ ἐσπείσαμεν αὐτῇ σπονδάς; Ἀσεβὲς μὲν τὸ γεγενημένον, ἀληθὲς δὲ τὸ εἰρημένον·","english":"I set my face against you for evil, to cut off all Judah.\" Then he says that they will be given over to famine and the sword, and will be destroyed with their whole race, and will become a curse, and a destruction, and a reproach, and a byword, and will suffer the same things as those besieged in Jerusalem. \"Yet none of these shall escape, nor shall return to the land of Judea.\" But none of these things terrified the wretched and thrice-wretched men. Rather they all cried out openly, both men and women, and especially the Babylonians, \"that we will not endure your words.\" And what is worse than this, is that thinking them divine, they contradicted them openly. 16, 17. For the word, he says, which you spoke to us in the name of the Lord, we will not listen to you. For we will surely do every word that comes out of our mouth, to burn incense to the queen of heaven, and to pour out libations to her, just as we did, and our fathers, and our kings, and our rulers, in the cities of Judah, and in the streets of Jerusalem. \"Queen of heaven\" they call Aphrodite, and the Greeks address her as Urania. Doing these things, he says, we enjoyed good things to satiety; but abandoning her service, we were given over both to war and to famine. Then the women cried out more shamelessly: 19. That if we sacrificed to the queen of heaven, and poured out libations to her, did we make cakes for her and pour out libations to her without our husbands? What was done was impious, but what was said was true.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":161,"ref":"p161","source":"καὶ γὰρ ἐν τοῖς πρόσθεν ἑρμηνευομένοις ὁ τῶν ὅλων Θεὸς ἔφη, \"Ἢ οὐχ ὁρᾷς, τί οὗτοι ποιοῦσιν; Οἱ υἱοὶ αὐτῶν συλλέγουσι ξύλα, καὶ οἱ πατέρες αὐ τῶν\n\nκαίουσι πῦρ, καὶ αἱ γυναῖκες αὐτῶν τρίβουσι στέαρ, τοῦ ποιῆσαι χαυῶνας τῇ στρατιᾷ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ. Ὁ μέντοι προφήτης πρὸς ἅπαντας ἀπεκρίνατο, ὅτι Ταύτης ἕνεκα τῆς δεισιδαιμονίας, καὶ τῆς περὶ τὰ εἴδωλα πλάνης, τὰς παντοδαπὰς ὑμῖν ὁ Δεσπότης Θεὸς ἐπήγαγε τιμωρίας. Τῆς γὰρ τοῦ νόμου παρα βάσεως οὗτοι καρποί· ὑμεῖς δὲ καὶ τούτους θεώμενοι περὶ τὴν πλάνην μεμήνατε. Ἐμμείνατε τοίνυν ταῖς ὁμολογίαις ὑμῶν, καὶ ποιοῦντες ποιήσατε τὰς εὐχὰς ὑμῶν. (κϛʹ.) Πλὴν ἀκούσατε τὸν λόγον Κυρίου· Ἰδοὺ ἐγὼ τῷ ὀνόματί μου τῷ μεγάλῳ, εἶπε Κύριος ὁ Θεὸς, ἐὰν γένηται ἔτι ὄνομά μου καλούμενον ἐν τῷ στόματι παντὸς Ἰουδαίου λέγον τος, Ζῇ Κύριος, ἐν ὅλῃ γῇ Αἰγύπτου. Πάλιν ἔδειξεν ὁ ὅρκος, ὡς οὐδὲν ὀμωμοκὼς ὑπερκείμενον ἔχει· ἀπειλεῖ δὲ τοῖς ἐν Αἰγύπτῳ διάγουσιν Ἰου δαίοις πανωλεθρίαν· τοῦτο γὰρ διὰ τῶν εἰρημένων δεδήλωκε· συμφωνεῖ δὲ τὰ ἑξῆς. Ἀπειλεῖ γὰρ αὐ τοῖς καὶ λιμὸν καὶ ῥομφαίαν, καὶ τοῖς ταῦτα διαφεύγουσι μετανάστασιν. \"Καὶ γνώσονται πάντες οἱ κατάλοιποι Ἰουδαῖοι, οἱ παροικοῦντες ἐν γῇ Αἰ γύπτῳ, τίνος λόγος ἐμμένει, ὁ ἐμὸς ἢ ὁ αὐτῶν. Δι' αὐτῶν μαθήσονται τῶν πραγμάτων τὴν τῶν ἐμῶν λόγων ἀλήθειαν. κθʹ. Καὶ τοῦτο ὑμῖν τὸ σημεῖον, φησὶ Κύριος, ὅτι ἐπισκέψομαι ἐγὼ ἐφ' ὑμᾶς ἐν τῷ τόπῳ τούτῳ εἰς κακὰ, ὅπως γνῶτε, ὅτι στάσει στήσονται οἱ λόγοι μου ἐφ' ὑμᾶς εἰς κακά. Ἡ τῶν πραγμάτων ἔκβασις δείξει τὴν τῶν λόγων ἀλήθειαν.","english":"For indeed, in the earlier interpretations, the God of all said, \"Do you not see what these people are doing? Their sons gather wood, and their fathers kindle the fire, and their wives knead fat, to make cakes for the host of heaven.\" But the prophet answered them all, that because of this superstition and the error concerning idols, the Lord God brought upon you all kinds of punishments. For these are the fruits of the transgression of the law; but you, even seeing these things, have gone mad in your error. Abide, therefore, in your confessions, and fulfilling, fulfill your vows. (26.) Nevertheless, hear the word of the Lord: Behold, I swear by my great name, says the Lord God, that my name shall no more be called upon in the mouth of any Jew saying, As the Lord lives, in all the land of Egypt. Again the oath has shown that he has nothing superior by which he has sworn; and he threatens the Jews dwelling in Egypt with utter destruction; for this he has indicated through what has been said; and what follows agrees. For he threatens them both with famine and sword, and for those who escape these, with removal. \"And all the remnant of the Jews who dwell in the land of Egypt shall know whose word shall stand, mine or theirs. Through the events themselves they shall learn the truth of my words. (29.) And this shall be the sign to you, says the Lord, that I will visit you in this place for evil, so that you may know that my words shall surely stand against you for evil. The outcome of events will show the truth of the words.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":162,"ref":"p162","source":"Ὥσπερ γὰρ τὸν Σεδεκίαν παρέδωκα τῷ τῶν Βα βυλωνίων βασιλεῖ· οὕτω τὸν Φαραὼ Οὐαφρῆ, πρὸς ὃν ὑμεῖς καταφεύγετε, παραδώσω τῷ Ναβουχοδόνο σορ· Οὐαφρῆ δὲ καλεῖ τὸν Φαραὼ, διδάσκων, ὡς τοῦτο μὲν εἶχε κύριον ὄνομα, τὸ δέ γε Φαραὼ τῆς βασιλείας δηλωτικόν. Οὕτω καὶ τοὺς ἡμετέρους ὀνομά ζομεν βασιλέας, Τιβέριος Καῖσαρ, καὶ Κλαύδιος Καῖ σαρ· καὶ ἔστι τὸ μὲν κύριον, τὸ δὲ τῆς βασιλείας ἴδιον. ΚΕΦΑΛ. ΜΕʹ.\n\nΟὕτω ταύτην τὴν ἱστορίαν συμπεπλεγμένην συμπεράνας προφητείαν, πρεσβυτέρας ἀναμιμνήσκει προῤῥήσεως, ἣν ἐν ταῖς ἡμέραις Ἰωακεὶμ εἰπεῖν τῷ Βαροὺχ προσετάχθη. βʹ, εʹ. Εἶπε Κύριος ὁ Θεὸς Ἰσραήλ· Ἐπεὶ σὺ Βαροὺχ εἶπας· Οἴμοι! ὅτι προσέθηκε Κύριος πόνον ἐπὶ κόπον μου. Ἐκοιμήθην ἐν στεναγμοῖς, καὶ ἀνάπαυσιν οὐχ εὗρον. Οὕτως εἰπὲ αὐτῷ· Οὕτως εἶπε Κύριος, Ἰδοὺ ἐγὼ ᾠκοδόμησα, ἐγὼ καθελῶ καὶ οὓς ἐφύτευσα, ἐγὼ ἐκτιλῶ· καὶ σύμ πασαν τὴν γῆν ἐκείνην. Καὶ σὺ ζητεῖς σεαυτῷ μεγάλα; Μὴ ζήτει, ὅτι ἰδοὺ ἐγὼ ἐπάγω κακὰ ἐπὶ πᾶσαν σάρκα, λέγει Κύριος· καὶ δώσω τὴν ψυχήν σου εἰς εὕρημα, ἐν παντὶ τόπῳ οὗ ἐὰν βαδίσῃ ἐκεῖ. Ψυχαγωγεῖ τὸν Βαροὺχ ὁ Δεσπότης διακονοῦντα τῷ προφήτῃ, καὶ τοὺς χρησμοὺς γρά φοντα, καὶ σχετλιάζοντα, καὶ δυσχεραίνοντα· τὸν δὲ βίον τὸν ὀδύνης μεστὸν φέρειν γενναίως παρεγγυᾷ. Εἰ γὰρ ἅπαντα, φησὶ, τὸν λαὸν, ὃν ἐξήγαγον ἐξ Αἰ γύπτου, ἐφύτευσα δὲ ἐν τῇ γῇ ταύτῃ, ἀνασπῶ νῦν, καὶ ἐκκόπτω, καὶ τοσαύταις παραδίδωμι τιμωρίαις, σὺ ἀλύεις, ὅτι μὴ μόνος ἐν εὐθυμίᾳ διάγεις; ἀλλ' οὐ χρή σε τοῦτο δρᾷν· ἐγὼ δὲ ὅμως φροντιῶ σου, καὶ τούτοις ἐπάγων τὴν τιμωρίαν, σοὶ προσοίσω παρα ψυχήν·","english":"For just as I handed Zedekiah over to the king of the Babylonians, so I will hand Uaphres the Pharaoh, to whom you flee for refuge, over to Nebuchadnezzar. He calls the Pharaoh Uaphres, teaching that this was his personal name, while \"Pharaoh\" is indicative of kingship. In the same way we also name our kings: Tiberius Caesar, and Claudius Caesar; and the one is the personal name, the other is proper to kingship. CHAPTER 45.\n\nHaving thus concluded this prophecy, woven together with that history, he reminds them of an earlier prediction, which he was commanded to speak to Baruch in the days of Jehoiakim. 2, 5. The Lord God of Israel said: Because you, Baruch, said: Woe is me! for the Lord has added pain to my toil. I slept in groanings, and I found no rest. Thus say to him: Thus says the Lord, Behold, I have built, and I will pull down; and those whom I planted, I will pluck up, and all that land. And do you seek great things for yourself? Do not seek them, for behold, I am bringing evils upon all flesh, says the Lord; and I will give your soul as a find, in every place where you may go there. The Master comforts Baruch, who ministered to the prophet and wrote down the oracles, and who was indignant and distressed; and he enjoins him to bear a life full of pain nobly. For if, he says, I am now uprooting and cutting down all the people whom I brought out of Egypt and planted in this land, and handing them over to so many punishments, are you distressed because you do not pass your life alone in cheerfulness? But you ought not to do this; nevertheless I will care for you, and while bringing punishment upon them, I will bring preservation to you.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":163,"ref":"p163","source":"καὶ ἔνθα ἂν διάγῃς, τῆς παρ' ἐμοῦ τεύξῃ κηδεμονίας. Προσήκει τοίνυν ἡμᾶς ταῦτα μεμαθη κότας, μὴ δυσχεραίνειν, ὅταν ἡμῖν προσβάλλῃ τι λυπηρὸν, ἀλλ' αἰτεῖν μὲν παρὰ τοῦ Θεοῦ τὰ βελτίω, φέρειν δὲ τὰ παρόντα· ταύτην γὰρ ἡμῶν τὴν καρτε ρίαν ὁ Δεσπότης ὁρῶν, οὐκ ἐάσει πειραθῆναι ὑπὲρ ὃ δυνάμεθα· ἀλλὰ ποιήσει σὺν τῷ πειρασμῷ καὶ τὴν ἔκβασιν, τοῦ δυνηθῆναι ἡμᾶς ὑπενεγκεῖν· ᾧ πρέπει δόξα καὶ μεγαλοπρέπεια, σὺν τῷ μονογενεῖ αὐτοῦ Υἱῷ, καὶ τῷ παναγίῳ Πνεύματι, νῦν καὶ ἀεὶ, καὶ εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας τῶν αἰώνων. Ἀμήν.\n\nΤΟΜΟΣ Θʹ.\n\nΚΕΦΑΛ. Μϛʹ.\n\nαʹ. Ὁ λόγος ὁ γενόμενος παρὰ Κυρίου πρὸς Ἱερεμίαν τὸν προφήτην ἐπὶ πάντα τὰ ἔθνη. Πέρας ἐπιθεὶς ταῖς περὶ τοῦ λαοῦ προφητείαις, τοῖς ἄλλοις ἔθνεσι τὰ γενησόμενα προθεσπίζει, διδάσκων ὅτι πάντων ἐστὶ καὶ δημιουργὸς, καὶ Θεὸς, καὶ Δε σπότης. Τὰ πρῶτα μέντοι περὶ τῆς Αἰγύπτου διέξεισι· διδάσκει δὲ καὶ τὸν τῆς προφητείας καιρόν· μετὰ γὰρ τὴν τοῦ Φαραὼ Νεχαὼ τελευτὴν ἡ πρόῤῥησις γίνεται· οὗτος δὲ παρὰ τὸν Εὐφράτην ποταμὸν τὸν Ἰωσίαν ἀνεῖλεν· ἀνῃρέθη δὲ καὶ αὐτὸς ὑπὸ τοῦ τῶν Βαβυλωνίων βασιλέως. γʹ, δʹ. Ἀναλάβετε ὅπλα, καὶ ἀσπίδας, καὶ προσαγάγετε εἰς πόλεμον. Καὶ ἐπισάξατε ἵππους, ἐπίβητε ἱππεῖς, κατάστητε ἐν ταῖς περικεφαλαίαις ὑμῶν, προβάλλετε δόρατα, καὶ ἐνδύσασθε θώρακας ὑμῶν. Ἐπειδὴ τούτοις ἐθάῤῥουν, ἱππικῇ τε ἐμπειρίᾳ, καὶ πανοπλίᾳ, τούτοις κε χρῆσθαι παρακελεύεται, διδάσκων ὡς ἀνόνητα ταῦτα. Τὰ γὰρ ἑξῆς τοῦτο δηλοῖ. εʹ. Τί ὅτι αὐτοὶ πτοοῦνται, καὶ ἀποχωροῦσιν ὀπίσω; Διότι οἱ ἰσχυροὶ αὐτῶν κοπήσονται.","english":"And wherever you may live, you will obtain my care. It is fitting, then, that we who have learned these things should not be vexed when something painful assails us, but should ask God for better things and bear what is present; for the Master, seeing this endurance of ours, will not allow us to be tested beyond what we are able, but will make with the temptation also the outcome, so that we are able to endure it; to whom befit glory and majesty, with his only-begotten Son and the all-holy Spirit, now and always and unto the ages of ages. Amen.\n\nTOME 9.\n\nCHAPTER 46.\n\n1. The word that came from the Lord to Jeremiah the prophet against all the nations. Having set a limit to the prophecies concerning the people, he foretells to the other nations what will happen, teaching that he is the creator, God, and Master of all. First, however, he goes through the matters concerning Egypt; and he also teaches the time of the prophecy; for the prediction comes after the death of Pharaoh Necho; and he slew Josiah by the river Euphrates; and he himself was also slain by the king of the Babylonians. 3, 4. Take up arms and shields, and draw near to war. And saddle the horses, mount, you horsemen, stand in your helmets, put forth spears, and put on your breastplates. Since they trusted in these things, both in cavalry experience and in full armor, he urges them to use these things, teaching that these are of no avail. For what follows makes this clear. 5. Why is it that they are terrified and turn back? Because their strong men will be cut down.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":164,"ref":"p164","source":"Φυγῇ ἔφυγον, καὶ οὐκ ἀνέστρεψαν περιεχόμενοι κυκλόθεν, λέγει Κύριος. Εἶτα προσ τακτικῶς· ϛʹ. Μὴ φευγέτω ὁ κοῦφος, καὶ μὴ ἀνασωζέσθω ὁ ἰσχυρὸς ἐπὶ βοῤῥᾶν· τὰ πρὸς Εὐφράτην ἠσθένησαν, καὶ πεπτώκασιν. Ἔπειτα τῆς προτέρας εὐπραξίας ἀναμιμνήσκει· ζʹ, ηʹ. Τίς οὗτος ὡς ποταμὸς ἀναβήσεται, καὶ ὡς ποταμοὶ κυμαίνει τὰ ὕδατα αὐτοῦ, Αἴγυ πτος ὡς ποταμὸς ἀναβαίνων, καὶ ὡς ποταμὸς ἐκταράσσει τὰ ὕδατα αὑτῆς. Ἐπιδείκνυσι δὲ αὐτῆς καὶ τοὺς ἀλαζονικοὺς λόγους. \"Καὶ εἶπεν, Ἀναβήσομαι, καὶ κατακαλύψω γῆν, καὶ ἀπολῶ πόλιν, καὶ τοὺς κατοικοῦντας ἐν αὐτῇ.\" Καὶ διδά σκων, ὡς οὐ συμβαίνει τὰ πράγματα τῇ φαντασίᾳ τῶν λογισμῶν, εἰρωνικῶς φησιν· θʹ. Ἐπίβητε ἐπὶ τοὺς ἵππους, παρασκευάσατε τὰ ἅρματα, ἐξέλθετε, οἱ μαχηταί. Λέγει δὲ τῶν Αἰγυπτίων τοὺς ἐπικούρους. \"Αἰθίοπες καὶ Λίβυες καθωπλισμένοι ὅπλοις, καὶ Λυδοὶ ἀνάβητε, ἐκτινάξατε τόξον.\" Εἶτα διδάσκει ὡς τοῦ Θεοῦ νεύοντος καταλύεται τῶν Αἰγυπτίων τὸ θράσος. ιʹ. Καὶ ἡ ἡμέρα ἐκείνη τῷ Κυρίῳ τῷ Θεῷ ἡμῶν ἡμέρα ἐκδικήσεως, τοῦ ἐκδικῆσαι τοὺς ἐχθροὺς αὑτοῦ· καὶ καταφάγεται ἡ μάχαιρά μου κρέατα, καὶ ἐμπλησθήσεται, καὶ μεθυσθήσεται ἀπὸ τοῦ αἵματος αὐτῶν. Δηλοῖ δὲ διὰ τούτων τῶν ἀνῃρημένων τὸ πλῆθος. \"Ὅτι θυσία τῷ Κυρίῳ Σαβαὼθ ἀπὸ γῆς βοῤῥᾶ ἐπὶ ποταμῷ Εὐφράτῃ.\" Ἐπειδὴ δίκας τῆς ἀσεβείας ἔδωκαν οἱ Αἰγύπτιοι καὶ τοῦ Θεοῦ βουληθέντος ἀνῃρέθησαν, διὰ τοῦτο θυσίαν κέκληκε τὴν ἐκείνων σφαγήν. ιαʹ. Ἀνάβηθι Γαλαὰδ, καὶ λάβε ῥητίνην παρθένῳ θυγατρὶ Αἰγύπτου. Καὶ οἱ τοῦ Ἰωσὴφ ἀδελφοὶ ῥητίνην καὶ στακτὴν ἀπεκόμισαν εἰς τὴν Αἴγυπτον.","english":"They fled in flight, and did not return, being hemmed in on every side, says the Lord. Then, in an ordered way: 6. Let not the swift flee, and let not the strong be saved in the north; those toward the Euphrates have grown weak, and have fallen. Then he recalls their former prosperity: 7, 8. Who is this that rises up like a river, and like rivers swells his waters, Egypt rising up like a river, and like a river stirs up her waters. And he shows also her boastful words. \"And she said, I will go up, and I will cover the earth, and I will destroy the city, and those who dwell in it.\" And teaching that events do not turn out according to the imagination of their thoughts, he says ironically: 9. Mount the horses, prepare the chariots, go forth, you warriors. And he means the allies of the Egyptians. \"Ethiopians and Libyans armed with weapons, and Lydians, mount up, shake out the bow.\" Then he teaches that when God nods, the boldness of the Egyptians is brought down. 10. And that day is the day of vengeance of the Lord our God, to avenge his enemies; and my sword shall devour flesh, and shall be filled, and shall be drunk with their blood. And through these slain he makes clear the multitude. \"For there is a sacrifice to the Lord Sabaoth from the land of the north by the river Euphrates.\" Since the Egyptians paid the penalty for their impiety and were slain when God willed it, for this reason he has called their slaughter a sacrifice. 11. Go up to Gilead, and take resin for the virgin daughter of Egypt. And the brothers of Joseph carried resin and stacte into Egypt.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":165,"ref":"p165","source":"Ἡ δὲ ῥητίνη δένδρων ἐστὶ δάκρυον εἰς φάρμακα ἐπιτήδειον· γεωργεῖ δὲ μάλιστα ταύτην ἡ Γαλαάδ· εἴρηκε δὲ ταῦτα κατ' εἰρωνείαν, δεικνὺς τὸ τοῦ πά θους ἀνήκεστον. Τοῦτο γὰρ δηλοῖ καὶ τὰ ἑξῆς. \"Εἰς κενὸν ἐπλήθυνας ἰάματά σου· ὠφέλεια οὐκ ἔστιν ἐν σοί.\" Καὶ δεικνὺς τὸ μέγεθος τῆς πληγῆς, ἐπ ήγαγεν· ιβʹ. Ἤκουσαν ἔθνη φωνῆς σου, καὶ τῆς κραυ γῆς σου ἐπλήσθη ἡ γῆ, ὅτι μαχητὴς πρὸς μαχητὴν ἠσθένησεν· ἐπὶ τὸ αὐτὸ ἔπεσαν ἀμφό τεροι. Προηγόρευκε διὰ τούτων καὶ τὴν ἐσομένην τῶν νενικηκότων κατάλυσιν. Ταῦτα μενοῦν περὶ τῆς προτέρας ἥττης προεθέσπισεν ὁ προφήτης. Ἐν δὲ τοῖς ἑξῆς προλέγει τὴν εἰς Αἴγυπτον Ναβουχοδονόσορ στρατιὰν, καὶ παρεγγυᾷ μηνυθῆναι τὴν πρόῤῥησιν τῇ Μαγδώλῳ, καὶ τῇ Μέμφει, καὶ τῇ Ταφνὰς, καὶ μέντοι καὶ πάσῃ τῇ Αἰγυπτίων βασιλείᾳ, καί φησιν· \"Ἐπίστηθι, καὶ ἑτοίμασον σεαυτὴν, ὅτι κατέφαγεν ἡ μάχαιρα τὴν σμίλακά σου.\" Ὁ Σύ ρος τὴν σμίλακα, \"τὰ ἐν κύκλῳ σου\" ἡρμήνευσε· ταυτὸ δὲ τοῦτο καὶ ἡ σμίλαξ αἰνίττεται· βοτάνη γάρ ἐστι συμπλεκομένη τοῖς παραφυομένοις","english":"But resin is the tear of trees, suitable for medicines; and Gaalad especially cultivates it. He has said these things by way of irony, showing the incurability of the suffering. For what follows makes this clear: \"In vain you have multiplied your healings; there is no benefit in you.\" And showing the magnitude of the blow, he added: 12. The nations heard your voice, and the earth was filled with your cry, because warrior against warrior grew weak; both fell together. By these words he foretold also the coming destruction of those who had conquered. These things, then, the prophet foretold concerning the earlier defeat. But in what follows he predicts the army of Nabouchodonosor against Egypt, and enjoins that the prediction be made known to Magdolos, and to Memphis, and to Taphnas, and indeed to the whole kingdom of the Egyptians, and says: \"Stand ready, and prepare yourself, for the sword has devoured your smilax.\" The Syrian interpreted smilax as \"the things around you\"; and the same thing is also hinted at by smilax, for it is a plant that twines around the things growing beside it.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":166,"ref":"p166","source":"φυτοῖς· τρο πικῶς τοίνυν τοὺς ἐπικούρους τῶν Αἰγυπτίων οὕτως ὠνόμασεν, ὧν τὴν ἧτταν καὶ τὴν φυγὴν προεθέσπισε. ιεʹ. Διότι ἔφυγεν ὁ Ἄπις, ὁ μόσχος σου ὁ ἐκλεκτὸς, καὶ οὐκ ἔμεινε. \"Μόσχον ἐκλεκτὸν\" τὸν Ἄπιν λέγει· βοῦς δὲ ἦν οὗτος, παρ' αὐτῶν τρεφόμενος καὶ προσκυνούμενος· διδάσκει τοίνυν ὁ προφητι κὸς λόγος τὴν αἰτίαν τῆς ἥττης· μόσχον γὰρ θεο ποιοῦντες, καὶ τούτῳ θαῤῥοῦντες, ἐπικουρίας οὐκ ἔτυχον. \"Ὅτι Κύριος παρέλυσεν αὐτόν.\" Τουτέστι τὸν μόσχον. Παρέλυσε δὲ καὶ τὸν ἐν ἐκείνῳ ἐνεργοῦντα, καὶ τοὺς ἀνθρώπους πλανῶντα. ιϛʹ. Καὶ τὸ πλῆθός σου ἠσθένησε, καὶ ἔπεσε. Λέγει δὲ καὶ τὴν ἐπισκήψασαν αὐτοῖς δειλίαν, καὶ ὅτι ἀλλήλους προέτρεπον εἰς φυγὴν, δεδιότες τοὺς πολεμίους, καὶ τοὺς ἐκείνων ἐπικούρους. \"Ἀναστῶ μεν γὰρ, φησὶ, καὶ ἀποστρέψωμεν εἰς τὸν λαὸν ἡμῶν, καὶ εἰς τὴν πατρίδα ἡμῶν, ἀπὸ προσώπου μαχαίρας Ἑλληνικῆς.\" Εἰκὸς μὲν καί τινας τῶν Ἑλλήνων τῷ Βαβυλωνίων βασιλεῖ συστρατεῦσαι· ἡγοῦμαι δὲ, ὅτι κατ' αὐτὸν καὶ τῶν Μακεδόνων προλέγει τὴν δυναστείαν· ὁ γὰρ Ἀλέξανδρος τῶν Αἰγυπτίων καταλύσας τὴν βασιλείαν Μακεδόσι δου λεύειν ἠνάγκασε. ιζʹ. Καλέσατε τὸ ὄνομα Φαραὼ Νεχαὼ βα σιλέως Αἰγύπτου Σαὼν ἐεβεὶρ ἐμωήδ. Ταῦτα δὲ ὁ Σύρος οὕτως ἡρμήνευσε· \"Καλέσατε τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ, ταράττων, καὶ καιροὺς παραφέρων·\" πάλαι γὰρ ἰσχυρὰ ἦν τῶν Αἰγυπτίων ἡ βασιλεία, καὶ τὰ πελάζοντα διετάραττεν ἔθνη, καὶ πολλῶν εὐπραξίαν εἰς δυσπραγίαν μετέβαλε. ιηʹ. Ζῶ ἐγὼ, λέγει Κύριος ὁ Θεὸς, ὁ βασιλεὺς τῶν δυνάμεων ὄνομα αὐτῷ. Καὶ τὸ ἀΐδιον αὐτοῦ καὶ τὸ δυνατὸν, κατὰ ταυτὸν ἡμᾶς ἐδίδαξεν.","english":"For he named the allies of the Egyptians thus, in a figurative sense, whose defeat and flight he foretold. 15. Because Apis has fled, your chosen calf, and has not remained. He calls Apis the \"chosen calf\"; for this was an ox, reared and worshipped by them. The prophetic word therefore teaches the cause of the defeat: for making a calf their god and trusting in it, they did not obtain help. \"Because the Lord has paralyzed him.\" That is, the calf. But he also paralyzed the one working in it, and deceiving the people. 16. And your multitude grew weak and fell. He speaks also of the cowardice that came upon them, and that they urged one another to flight, fearing the enemies and their allies. \"For let us arise,\" he says, \"and return to our people and to our fatherland, from the face of the Greek sword.\" It is likely that some of the Greeks also campaigned with the king of the Babylonians; but I think that he foretells in the same place also the dominion of the Macedonians; for Alexander, having overthrown the kingdom of the Egyptians, compelled them to be slaves to the Macedonians. 17. Call the name of Pharaoh Necho king of Egypt Saon esebier emoed. The Syrian interpreted these things thus: \"Call his name, Troubler, and Shifter of times\"; for formerly the kingdom of the Egyptians was strong, and it threw into confusion the neighboring nations, and changed the prosperity of many into misfortune. 18. As I live, says the Lord God, the King of hosts is his name. He has taught us both his eternity and his power at the same time.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":167,"ref":"p167","source":"\"Ὅτι ὥσπερ ἐστὶ τὸ Θαβὼρ ἐν τοῖς ὄρεσι, καὶ ὡς Κάρμηλος ἐν τῇ θαλάσσῃ, οὕτως ἥξει.\" Ἀντὶ τοῦ, Μὴ ἀμφιβάλῃς· ὥσπερ γὰρ ἀναμφισβητήτως ὁμολογοῦσι πάντες, καὶ τὸ Θαβὼρ ὄρος εἶναι, καὶ τῇ θαλάσσῃ πελάζειν, καὶ τὸν Κάρμηλον· οὕτως ἡ πρόῤῥησις ἔχει τὸ ἀληθές. ιθʹ. Σκεύη ἀποικισμοῦ ποίησον σεαυτῇ, κατοικοῦσα θύγατερ Αἰγύπτου· ἀντὶ τοῦ, εὐτρε πὴς εἰς αἰχμαλωσίαν γενοῦ· λέγει δὲ καὶ τῆς βασι λευούσης πόλεως τὴν ἐρημίαν· ἡ γὰρ Μέμφις κατ' ἐκεῖνον τὸν καιρὸν ἐγεγόνει πόλις βασιλική· καὶ τοῦτο ἡμᾶς ὁ θεσπέσιος Ἡσαΐας ἐδίδαξεν. \"Ἐξέλιπον γὰρ, φησὶν, οἱ ἄρχοντες Τάνεως, καὶ ὑψώ θησαν οἱ ἄρχοντες Μέμφεως. κʹ. Δάμαλις καλὴ κεκαλλωπισμένη Αἴγυπτος. Τὸ ἀδάμαστον αὐτῆς, καὶ ἀπειρόζυγον, καὶ τρυφηλὸν, διὰ τούτων δεδήλωκεν· καὶ τὴν πολλὴν αὐτῶν ἐλέγχων ἀσθένειαν, διδάσκει, ὡς καὶ λίαν ὀλίγων ἐπελθόντων πολεμίων οὐκ ἠδυνήθησαν ἀντισχεῖν. Τοῦτο γὰρ λέγει· \"Ἀπόσπασμα ἀπὸ βοῤῥᾶ ἦλθεν ἐπ' αὐτήν.\" καʹ. Καὶ οἱ μισθωτοὶ αὐτῆς ἐν αὐτῇ, ὡς μόσχοι. σιτευτοί. Τῶν ἐπικούρων δεδήλωκε τὴν ἀσθένειαν· ὁ γὰρ σιτευτὸς μόσχος τὴν μὲν γῆν οὐκ ἐργάζεται, ὑπὸ δὲ ἄλλων ἐσθίεται· λέγει δὲ καὶ αὐτῶν τὴν φυ γήν. \"Ἀπεστράφησαν γὰρ, φησὶ, καὶ ἔφυγον ὁμοθυμαδόν· οὐκ ἔστησαν.\" Ἐπάγει καὶ τὴν αἰτίαν· \"Ὅτι ἡμέρα ἀπωλείας ἦλθεν ἐπ' αὐτοὺς, καὶ καιρὸς ἐκδικήσεως αὐτῶν.\" Ἔδει γὰρ αὐτοὺς δίκας δοῦ ναι τῆς ἀσεβείας· διδάσκει μέντοι διὰ τούτων, ὡς μακροθυμίᾳ χρώμενος ὁ Δεσπότης ὕστερον ἐπάγει τὴν τιμωρίαν. κβʹ. Φωνὴ αὐτῶν ὡς ὄφεως συρίζοντος.","english":"Because just as Tabor is among the mountains, and as Carmel is by the sea, so it shall come.\" This means: Do not doubt; for just as all acknowledge without dispute both that Tabor is a mountain and that Carmel is near the sea, so the prophecy has its truth. 19. Make for yourself baggage of exile, you who dwell, daughter of Egypt; that is, be ready for captivity. He also speaks of the desolation of the royal city; for Memphis at that time had become a royal city; and the divine Isaiah taught us this: \"For the princes of Tanis have failed, and the princes of Memphis have been exalted.\" 20. Egypt is a beautiful heifer, finely adorned. By these words he has indicated her untamed nature, unaccustomed to the yoke, and her luxury; and exposing their great weakness, he teaches that when even very few enemies came upon them they could not resist. For this is what he says: \"A fragment from the north has come upon her.\" 21. And her hired men in her midst are like fattened calves. He has indicated the weakness of the allies; for the fattened calf does not work the land, but is eaten by others; and he also speaks of their flight. \"For they turned back,\" he says, \"and fled together; they did not stand.\" He adds also the cause: \"Because the day of destruction has come upon them, and the time of their vengeance.\" For they had to pay the penalty for their impiety; yet he teaches through these words that the Master, exercising long-suffering, brings the punishment afterward. 22. Their voice is like a hissing serpent.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":168,"ref":"p168","source":"Τῶν δυσπραγούντων ἴδιον τὸ στένειν καὶ συρίττειν, καὶ ὑπὸ τῆς ἀθυμίας θερμαινόμενον ἐκφέρειν πνεῦμα. \"Ὅτι ἐν ψάμμῳ πορεύσονται.\" Τὸ σαθρὸν αὐτῶν διὰ τούτων δεδήλωκε· καὶ γὰρ ὁ Κύριος τὸν ἀκούοντα τὸν λόγον αὐτοῦ, καὶ μὴ ποιοῦντα, παρέβαλεν ἀνδρὶ μωρῷ, ἐπὶ τῆς ψάμμου τὴν οἰκίαν οἰκοδομήσαντι. \"Ἐν ἀξίναις ἥξουσιν ἐπ' αὐτὴν, ὡς κόπτοντες ξύλα.\" Εἶτα προστακτικῶς· κγʹ. Ἐκκόψατε τὸν δρυμὸν αὐτῆς, λέγει Κύριος ὁ Θεὸς, ὅτι οὐ μὴ ἱλασθῇ ὁ Θεὸς, ὅτι πληθύνει ὑπὲρ ἀκρίδα. Τουτέστι, τῶν ἐνοικούντων τὸ πλῆθος, \"Καὶ οὐκ ἔστιν αὐτοῖς ἀριθμός.\" Δρυμῷ αὐτὴν ἀπεικάζει, τοὺς πολεμίους δρυμοτόμοις, κδʹ. Κατῃσχύνθη θυγάτηρ Αἰγύπτου, παρεδόθη εἰς χεῖρας λαοῦ ἀπὸ βοῤῥᾶ, εἶπε Κύριος τῶν δυνάμεων, ὁ Θεὸς Ἰσραήλ. Ταῦτα καὶ τοῖς Ἰουδαίοις εἰς\n\nΑἴγυπτον κατελθοῦσι προεθέσπισεν ὁ προ φήτης, ὅτε καὶ τοὺς λίθους κατέκρυψεν ἐν τοῖς προπυλαίοις τῶν βασιλείων κεʹ. Ἰδοὺ ἐκδικῶ ἐγὼ τὸν Ἀμμῶνα υἱὸν αὐτῆς. Ἀμμῶνα καλοῦσι τὸν Δία οἱ Αἰγύπτιοι· ἀφ' οὗ καὶ χώρα Ἀμμωνιακὴ προσηγορεύθη· τούτῳ μέ γιστον κατεσκεύασαν τέμενος. Υἱὸν δὲ αὐτῆς τὸν Ἀμμῶνα ὀνομάζει, ὡς παρ' αὐτῆς θεοποιηθέντα· χειροποίητον γὰρ τὸ ἄγαλμα. Ἀπειλεῖ τοίνυν καὶ τὸν Ἀμμὼν τὸ εἴδωλον παραδώσειν Βαβυλωνίοις, καὶ μέντοι καὶ τοὺς ἄλλους αὐτῶν θεούς· τοῦτο γὰρ λέγει· \"Καὶ ἐπὶ Φαραὼ, καὶ ἐπ' Αἴγυπτον, καὶ ἐπὶ τοὺς θεοὺς αὐτῆς, καὶ ἐπὶ τοὺς βασιλεῖς αὐτῆς· καὶ ἐπὶ Φαραὼ καὶ ἐπὶ τοὺς πεποιθότας ἐπ' αὐτόν.\" Πάντων, φησὶ, κατὰ ταυτὸν περιγενήσονται οἱ πολέμιοι, καὶ τοῦ βασιλέως, καὶ τῶν ἀρχόντων, καὶ τῶν εἰδώλων, καὶ τῶν ἐπικούρων·","english":"It is characteristic of those in distress to groan and hiss, and under the heat of despondency to breathe out wind. \"For they shall walk in sand.\" By these words he has disclosed their rottenness; for the Lord also compared the one who hears his word and does not do it to a foolish man, who built his house upon the sand. \"They shall come against her with axes, as those cutting wood.\" Then in the imperative: \"Cut down her forest, says the Lord God, for God shall not be appeased, because they are more numerous than locusts.\" That is, the multitude of those who dwell in her, \"and there is no number to them.\" He likens her to a forest, and the enemies to woodcutters. \"The daughter of Egypt is put to shame, she is delivered into the hands of a people from the north, says the Lord of hosts, the God of Israel.\" These things the prophet also foretold to the Jews who went down into Egypt, when he also hid the stones in the vestibules of the palace. \"Behold, I will visit Ammon her son.\" The Egyptians call Zeus Ammon; from which the region of Ammonia was also named; for they built a very great sanctuary to him. And he calls Ammon her son, as having been deified by her; for the image is handmade. He threatens, therefore, that he will deliver both the idol Ammon to the Babylonians, and indeed also their other gods; for this is what he says: \"And against Pharaoh, and against Egypt, and against her gods, and against her kings; and against Pharaoh and against those who trust in him.\" All of them, he says, the enemies shall prevail over at once—both the king, and the rulers, and the idols, and the auxiliaries.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":169,"ref":"p169","source":"παραδοθεῖσα μέντοι τῷ Βαβυλωνίων βασι λεῖ, τὴν προτέραν ἀνακτήσεται δυναστείαν. κϛʹ. Μετὰ ταῦτα γὰρ, φησὶν, ἠρεμήσει κατὰ τὰς ἡμέρας τὰς ἔμπροσθεν, λέγει Κύριος. Μετὰ ταῦτα καὶ τῷ Ἰσραὴλ τὰ θυμήρη προλέγει, καὶ τὴν ἀπὸ Βαβυλῶνος ἐπάνοδον προθεσπίζει. Προαγορεύει δὲ καὶ τῶν Βαβυλωνίων τὸν ὄλεθρον. κηʹ. Καὶ σὺ γὰρ, φησὶ, μὴ φοβοῦ, παῖς μου Ἰακὼβ, λέγει Κύριος, ὅτι μετὰ σοῦ εἰμὶ ἐγώ· ὅτι ποιήσω συντέλειαν ἐν παντὶ ἔθνει, εἰς ὃ εἰσ άξω σε ἐκεῖ. Σὲ δὲ οὐ μὴ ποιήσω ἐκλιπεῖν, καὶ παιδεύσω σε εἰς κρῖμα, καὶ ἀθῶον οὐκ ἀθωώσω σε. Ἰατρικήν σοι παιδείαν ἀνάξω· τοῦτο γὰρ λέγει, \"παιδεύσω σε εἰς κρῖμα, καὶ ἀδέκαστον οὐκ ἐάσω.\" Τοῦτο γὰρ δηλοῖ, \"Καὶ ἀθῶον οὐκ ἀθωώσω σε.\" ΚΕΦΑΛΑΙΟΝ ΜΖʹ.\n\nἘντεῦθεν ἐπὶ τοὺς ἀλλοφύλους μεταφέρει τὴν προ φητείαν· ἀλλοφύλους δὲ καλεῖ τοὺς τὴν Ἀσκάλωνα, καὶ τὴν Γάζαν, καὶ τὴν Ἄζωτον, καὶ τὴν Γὲθ, καὶ τὴν Ἄκκαρον οἰκοῦντας. Λέγει δὲ γεγενῆσθαι τὴν πρόῤῥησιν πρὸ τοῦ πατάξαι Φαραὼ τὴν Γάζαν, καὶ ἀπεικάζει χειμάῤῥῳ πλημμυροῦντι τῶν Βαβυλω νίων τὴν στρατιάν· ὑπὸ δὲ τούτου κατακλυζομένας τὰς πόλεις, καὶ διαφθειρομένους τοὺς ἐνοικοῦντας, καὶ ὀλολυγῇ χρωμένους, καὶ οὐδὲ τῶν ὅπλων καὶ τῶν ἁρμάτων τὸν κτύπον φέρειν ἀνεχομένους· διδάσκει δὲ, ὅτι καὶ τῆς φύσεως διὰ τὸ δέος ἐπελάθοντο πατέρες, καὶ τῶν υἱῶν ἠμέλησαν. \"Οὐκ ἐπέστρεψαν γὰρ, φησὶ, πατέρες ἐπὶ υἱοὺς αὑτῶν, ἀπὸ ἐκλύσεως χειρῶν αὑτῶν.\" δʹ. Ἐν τῇ ἡμέρᾳ τῇ ἐρχομένῃ, τοῦ ἀπολέσαι πάντας ἀλλοφύλους. Προλέγει δὲ καὶ Τυρίοις καὶ Σιδωνίοις, ὡς εἰς ἐπικουρίαν τούτων ἐληλυθόσι, τὸν ὄλεθρον.","english":"Having been handed over, however, to the king of the Babylonians, it will recover its former dominion. 26. \"For after these things,\" he says, \"it shall be at rest as in the days before, says the Lord.\" After these things he also foretells to Israel the things that please them, and predicts the return from Babylon. And he also foretells the destruction of the Babylonians. 28. \"And you, fear not, says he, my servant Jacob, says the Lord, for I am with you; for I will make an end in every nation into which I will bring you there. But you I will not make to fail, and I will discipline you for judgment, and I will not acquit the innocent as innocent.\" I will bring upon you a healing discipline; for this is what he says, \"I will discipline you for judgment, and I will not let you go unpunished.\" For this is what it means: \"And I will not acquit the innocent as innocent.\" Chapter 47.\n\nFrom here he transfers the prophecy to the Philistines; and he calls Philistines those who dwell in Ashkelon, and Gaza, and Ashdod, and Gath, and Ekron. And he says that the prediction came to pass before Pharaoh struck Gaza, and he likens the army of the Babylonians to a flooding torrent; and by it the cities are overwhelmed, and their inhabitants are destroyed, and they use wailing, and they cannot even endure the crash of weapons and chariots; and he teaches that through fear they forgot even nature, and fathers neglected their sons. \"For fathers,\" he says, \"did not turn back to their sons, because of the loosening of their hands.\" 4. In the day that is coming, to destroy all the Philistines. And he also foretells to the Tyrians and Sidonians, as having come to their aid, their destruction.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":170,"ref":"p170","source":"\"Ἀφανιῶ γὰρ, φησὶ, Τύρον, καὶ Σιδῶνα, καὶ τοὺς καταλοίπους τῆς βοηθείας αὐτῶν· ὅτι ἐξολοθρεύσει Κύριος τοὺς ἀλλοφύλους τοὺς καταλοίπους τῶν νήσων, καὶ Καππαδοκίας.\" Καὶ τοὺς ἄλλους προφήτας ἑρμηνεύσαντες, ἐδείξαμεν ὡς ἄπ οικοι Κυπρίων καὶ Καππαδοκῶν ᾤκησαν πάλαι τὴν Παλαιστίνην. εʹ. Ἥκει φαλάκρωμα ἐπὶ Γάζαν. Ἀντὶ τοῦ, τῆς πάλαι περιφανείας ἀφαιρεθήσῃ· δηλοῖ δὲ πολλάκις καὶ τὸ πένθος. Ἀπόκειραι γὰρ, φησὶ, τὴν κεφα λήν σου, καὶ ἀνάλαβε ἐπὶ χειλέων θρῆνον. \"Ἀπεῤ ῥίφη Ἀσκάλων, καὶ τὰ λοιπὰ τῶν Ἐνακίμ.\" Ἀπόγονοι δὲ ἐκείνου τὴν Ἀσκαλωνίαν ᾤκησαν. Ἕως πότε συστραφήσεσθε; (ϛʹ.) Ἕως τίνος κόψει ἡ μάχαιρα τοῦ Κυρίου; \"Μάχαιραν Κυρίου\" τὸν Ναβουχοδονόσορ ἐκάλεσεν· αὐτοῦ γὰρ συγ χωροῦντος, ἐκεῖνα εἰργάζετο, καὶ δι' ἀλλήλων οἱ δυσσεβεῖς δίκας τῆς ἀσεβείας ἐτίννυον. \"Ἀποκατάστηθι εἰς τὸν κολεόν σου· ἀνάπαυσαι, καὶ ἐπάρθητι.\" Καὶ δεικνὺς τίς ὁ ἐνεργεῖν κελεύσας, ἐπήγαγε· ζʹ. Καὶ Κύριος ἐνετείλατο αὐτῇ ἐπὶ τὴν Ἀσκάλωνα, καὶ ἐπὶ τὰς παραθαλασσίους, καὶ ἐπὶ τὰς καταλοίπους πορευθῆναι. Τῇ μέντοι προσωποποιΐᾳ κέχρηται, σαφέστερον διδάσκων, ὡς οὐκ ἀκυβέρνητος ἡ κτίσις, ἀλλ' ὁ ταύτης ποιητὴς τοῖς πᾶσιν ἐφ έστηκε, καὶ ποτὲ μὲν αὐτοῖς χορηγεῖ τῶν ἀγαθῶν τὴν ἀφθονίαν, ποτὲ δὲ συγχωρεῖ συμφοραῖς περιπίπτειν.","english":"For I will destroy, he says, Tyre, and Sidon, and the remnants of their help; because the Lord will utterly destroy the foreigners, the remnants of the islands, and of Cappadocia.\" And having interpreted the other prophets, we showed that from the households of Cyprians and Cappadocians they once inhabited Palestine. 5. \"Baldness has come upon Gaza.\" Instead of: you shall be deprived of your former splendor; but it often also signifies mourning. For \"shear your head,\" he says, \"and take up a lamentation on your lips.\" \"Ashkelon has been cast off, and the rest of the Anakim.\" For the descendants of that man inhabited the region of Ashkelon. \"How long will you gather yourselves together? 6. Until when will the sword of the Lord cut?\" He called Nebuchadnezzar the \"sword of the Lord\"; for it was with his permission that he did those things, and the impious exacted the penalties of impiety from one another. \"Return to your sheath; be at rest, and be lifted up.\" And showing who it was that commanded it to act, he added: 7. \"And the Lord commanded it against Ashkelon, and against the coastal regions, and against the remaining ones to go.\" However, he has employed personification, teaching more clearly that creation is not without a pilot, but its Maker presides over all things, and sometimes supplies them with an abundance of good things, and sometimes permits them to fall into calamities.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":171,"ref":"p171","source":"ΚΕΦΑΛΑΙΟΝ ΜΗʹ. Ὁ δὲ προφήτης ἐπὶ τὴν Μωὰβ μεταφέρει τὴν πρόῤῥησιν. αʹ. Τῇ Μωὰβ οὕτως εἶπε Κύριος τῶν δυνά μεων, ὁ Θεὸς Ἰσραήλ· Οὐαὶ ἐπὶ Νεβὼ, ὅτι ἀπώλετο· ἑάλω. Τοῦτο εἴδωλον ἦν, καὶ μέμνηται αὐτοῦ Ἡσαΐας ὁ προφήτης· λέγει δὲ οὕτως· \"Ἔπεσε Βὴλ, συνετρίβη Νεβών·\" ἔστι δὲ καὶ πόλις ἐπώνυμος τοῦ εἰδώλου. Ἐλήφθη Καριαθέμ· κατῃσχύνθη καὶ ἡτ τήθη Μασιγάθ. (βʹ.) Οὐκ ἔστιν ἔτι ἰατρεία Μωὰβ, γαυρίαμα ἐν Ἐσεβών. Πόλεις ἦσαν λαμπραὶ, ἐφ' αἷς μέγα ἐφρόνουν οἱ Μωαβῖται. \"Ἐλογίσαντο ἐπ' αὐτὴν κακά· Δεῦτε, ἐκκόψωμεν αὐτὴν ἀπὸ ἔθνους, καὶ παῦσιν παύσεται.\" Εἶτα διδάσκει, ὡς οὐδὲ φεύγοντες τῆς σωτηρίας ἀπολαύσονται. \"Ὄπισθέν σου βαδιεῖται μάχαιρα.\" Τοῦτο δὲ τοὺς διώκοντας δηλοῖ. γʹ. Ὅτι φωνὴ κεκραγότων ἐξ Ὠρωναΐμ. Ἄλληπόλις αὕτη. Λέγει δὲ καὶ τὴν Ζογορὰ τὴν λυπη ροῦ δέξασθαι ἀγγελίαν, καὶ τὰς ἄλλας πόλεις ὀλολυγῆς ἐμπλησθήσεσθαι· παρακελεύεται αὐτοῖς καὶ φυγὴν, καὶ τοῖς ἀγρίοις ὄνοις παραπλησίως ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ διάγειν· καὶ διδάσκων μὴ περιβόλοις θαῤῥεῖν, ἀλλ' ἀφθάρτῳ Ποιητῇ καὶ Δεσπότῃ, ἐπήγαγεν· ζʹ. Ἐπειδὴ ἐπεποίθεις ἐν τῷ ὀχυρώματί σου, ἥξουσί σοι θλίψεις· καὶ οὐ μόνον σὺ τοῖς πο λεμίοις συλληφθήσῃ, ἀλλὰ καὶ Χαμὼς ἐξελεύ σεται ἐν ἀποικίᾳ. Εἴδωλον δὲ ἦν τοῦτο τῶν Μωαβιτῶν. Οἱ ἱερεῖς αὐτοῦ, καὶ οἱ ἄρχοντες αὐτοῦ ἅμα. (ηʹ.) Καὶ ἥξει ὄλεθρος ἐπὶ πᾶσαν πόλιν. Λέγει δὲ τὸν αὐλῶνα, καὶ τὴν πεδιάδα, τὸ αὐτὸ δέξεσθαι πάθος. Προλέγει καὶ τὴν παντελῆ τῶν πολεμίων ἐρημίαν. θʹ. Δότε γὰρ, φησὶ, σημεῖα τῇ Μωάβ.","english":"CHAPTER 48. But the prophet transfers his prophecy to Moab. 1. Thus says the Lord of hosts, the God of Israel, to Moab: Woe to Nebo, for it is destroyed; it is taken. This was an idol, and Isaiah the prophet mentions it, saying thus: \"Bel has fallen, Nebo is crushed.\" And there is also a city named after the idol. Kariathaim is taken; Masigath is put to shame and defeated. (2.) There is no longer healing for Moab, boasting in Heshbon. These were splendid cities, on which the Moabites prided themselves greatly. \"They devised evils against her: Come, let us cut her off from being a nation, and she shall cease utterly.\" Then he teaches that not even those who flee will obtain safety. \"Behind you shall go the sword.\" And this indicates the pursuers. 3. For a voice of those crying out from Oronaim. This is another city. And he says that Zogora shall receive the grievous tidings, and that the other cities shall be filled with wailing; he urges them both to flee and to live in the desert like the wild asses; and teaching them not to trust in walls, but in the incorruptible Creator and Master, he added: 7. Because you have trusted in your stronghold, afflictions shall come upon you; and not only shall you be captured by the enemies, but Chemosh also shall go forth into exile. And this was an idol of the Moabites. His priests, and his princes together. (8.) And destruction shall come upon every city. And he says that the valley and the plain shall receive the same suffering. He foretells also the complete desolation of the enemies. 9. For give, he says, signs to Moab.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":172,"ref":"p172","source":"Ἐν ταῖς ἐρήμοις καὶ παντελῶς ἀβάτοις, σημεῖά τινα τιθέντες ἐκ λίθων, οὕτω τὴν πορείαν ποιοῦνται, καὶ εἰς ἐκεῖνα ἀφορῶντες ὁδεύουσιν ἀπλανῶς. \"Ὅτι ἁφῇ ἀναφθήσεται.\" Τουτέστιν, ἐμπρησθήσεται. \"Καὶ αἱ πόλεις αὐτῆς εἰς ἄβατον ἔσονται.\" Παρὰ τὸ μὴ εἶναι ἐνοικοῦντα ἐν αὐτῇ. Πόθεν ἔνοικος αὐτῇ; Διδάσκει δὲ διὰ τῶν ἑξῆς ὡς ὁ τῶν ὅλων Θεὸς ταῦτα κελεύει γενέσθαι. ιʹ. Ἐπικατάρατος ὁ ποιῶν τὰ ἔργα τοῦ Θεοῦ ἀμελῶς, καὶ ἐπικατάρατος ὁ ἐξαίρων μάχαι ραν αὐτοῦ ἀφ' αἵματος. Εἰ δὲ τοὺς ἀμελῶς σφάτ τοντας, ἔνθα κελεύει Θεὸς, ἀραῖς ὁ προφητικὸς ὑπο βάλλει λόγος, ποίας ἡμεῖς τίσομεν δίκας τῆς πνευ ματικῆς ἐργασίας ὀλιγωροῦντες; ιαʹ. Ἀνεπαύσατο Μωὰβ ἐκ παιδαρίου, καὶ πεποιθὼς ἦν ἐπὶ τῇ δόξῃ αὐτοῦ, καὶ οὐκ ἐνέχεεν ἐξ ἀγγείου εἰς ἀγγεῖον. Τουτέστιν, οὐκ ἐνήλλαξεν αὐτοῦ τὴν ἐνοίκησιν, οὐδὲ μετανάστης ἐγένετο. \"Καὶ εἰς ἀποικισμὸν οὐκ ᾤχετο· διὰ τοῦτο ἔστη γεῦμα αὐτοῦ ἐν αὐτῷ, καὶ ἡ ὀσμὴ αὐτοῦ οὐκ ἐξέλιπεν.\" Ἐπ έμεινε τῇ τροπῇ, καὶ ἐπειδὴ ἀγγείου ἐμνημόνευσεν, ἀναγκαίως καὶ γεύσεως, καὶ ὀσμῆς. Διὰ τοῦτο, φησὶ, μεμένηκεν ἐν εὐπραξίᾳ, καὶ δυσκληρίας πεῖραν οὐκ ἔλαβεν. ὡς ἀεὶ τοῖς αὐτοῖς ἐνδιατρίψας χωρίοις ιβʹ. Διὰ τοῦτο ἰδοὺ ἡμέραι ἔρχονται, φησὶ Κύριος· καὶ ἀποστελῶ αὐτῷ κλίνοντας, καὶ κλινοῦσιν αὐτὸν, καὶ τὰ σκεύη αὐτοῦ λεπτυνοῦσι, καὶ τὰ κέρατα αὐτοῦ συντρίψουσιν. Παραβολικῶς καὶ ταῦτα καὶ τροπικῶς τέθεικε· καὶ γὰρ τὸ κλίνουσιν ὡς περὶ ἀγγείου εἴρηκεν, ἀντὶ τοῦ ἐκκενώσουσι· καὶ οὐκ ἀποχρήσει αὐτοῖς τὰ ἐν τοῖς ἀγγείοις λαβεῖν, ἀλλὰ καὶ ταῦτα συντρίψουσι.","english":"In the deserts and completely impassable places, setting certain markers out of stones, they make their journey in this way, and looking at those markers they travel without going astray. \"For it will be kindled by touch.\" That is, it will be set on fire. \"And her cities will be impassable.\" Because there is no one dwelling in her. From where will there be an inhabitant for her? And he teaches through what follows that the God of all commands these things to happen. 10. Cursed is the one who does the works of God carelessly, and cursed is the one who withdraws his sword from blood. But if the prophetic word brings curses upon those who slaughter carelessly where God commands, what penalties shall we pay for neglecting spiritual work? 11. Moab rested from childhood, and he was confident in his glory, and he did not pour from vessel to vessel. That is, he did not change his dwelling, nor did he become a migrant. \"And he did not go away into resettlement; therefore his taste stood in him, and his smell did not fail.\" He remained in the same mode, and since he mentioned a vessel, necessarily also taste and smell. Therefore, he says, he has remained in prosperity, and has not experienced misfortune, as one who has always dwelt in the same places. 12. Therefore behold, days are coming, says the Lord, and I will send to him those who bend, and they will bend him, and they will make his vessels thin, and they will crush his horns. He has set these things both figuratively and tropologically; for he has spoken of \"they bend\" as concerning a vessel, instead of \"they will empty out\"; and it will not suffice for them to take what is in the vessels, but they will also crush these.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":173,"ref":"p173","source":"Καλεῖ δὲ ἀγγεῖα μὲν τὰς πόλεις, τὰ δὲ ἔνδον τῶν ἀγγείων τὸν πλοῦτον· ἀμφότερα δὲ πεποιήκασιν οἱ πολέμιοι, καὶ ἐπόρθησαν, καὶ ἐνέπρησαν. ιγʹ. Καὶ καταισχυνθήσεται Μωὰβ ἀπὸ Χαμὼς, ὥσπερ κατῃσχύνθη οἶκος Ἰσραὴλ ἀπὸ Βαιθὴλ, ἐλπίδος αὐτῶν. Ἐν τῇ Βαιθὴλ ὁ Ἱεροβοὰμ τὴν δάμαλιν ἔστησεν· διδάσκει τοίνυν ὁ προφητικὸς λόγος, ὅτι καθάπερ ὁ Ἰσραὴλ οὐδεμιᾶς ἐπικουρίας ἐκ τῶν εἰδώλων τετύχηκεν, οὕτως ἡ Μωὰβ οὐδὲν ἀπώνατο τοῦ Χαμώς. Εἶτα δείκνυσιν αὐτοὺς ἐπὶ τῇ ῥώμῃ μεγαλοῤῥημονοῦντας, ὄλεθρον δὲ ὑπομένοντας, ἐπειδὴ τοῦτο προσέταξεν ὁ τῶν ὅλων Θεός. Εἰρηκὼς δὲ τὸν τῆς τιμωρίας ἐληλυθέναι καιρὸν, τοῖς γειτνιῶσι παρακελεύεται διεγεῖραι αὐτὸν εἰς ἀνδρείαν, καὶ εἰς τὴν προτέραν διαναστῆσαι ῥώμην· παρ εγγυᾷ δὲ αὐτοὺς εἰπεῖν· ιζʹ. Πῶς συνετρίβη βακτηρία εὐκλεὴς, ῥάβδος μεγαλώματος; Δηλοῖ δὲ ταῦτα καὶ τὴν ἰσχύν σου,\n\nκαὶ τὸ ὑπὲρ τὴν ἰσχύν σου φρόνημα· ἀπαριθμεῖται δὲ καὶ τὰς πόλεις, αἳ πάλαι ἦσαν λαμπραὶ καὶ ἐπίσημοι, καὶ διδάσκει τὴν τῆς εὐπραξίας μεταβολήν· δείκνυσι δὲ καὶ τὴν αἰτίαν. κϛʹ. Μεθύσατε γὰρ αὐτὸν, φησὶν, ὅτι ἐπὶ τὸν Κύριον ἐμεγαλύνθη. Μαθόντες γὰρ Μωαβῖται τὰ Ἰου δαίοις συμβάντα ἐπετώθαζον ἀσθένειαν κατηγοροῦντες τοῦ τῶν ὅλων Θεοῦ. Τοῦτο γὰρ διδάσκει καὶ τὰ ἑξῆς. \"Ἐπικρούσει Μωὰβ ἐν χειρὶ αὑτοῦ.\" Ἀντὶ τοῦ, χορεύων καὶ ἐπιχαίρων. \"Καὶ ἔσται εἰς γέλωτα καὶ αὐτός.\" Εἶτα σαφέστερον· κζʹ. Καὶ μὴν εἰς γελοιασμόν σοι ἦν Ἰσραήλ· καὶ ἐν κλοπαῖς σου εὑρέθη, ὅτι ἐπολέμεις αὐτόν; Τί σε, φησὶν, ἠδικηκότα κατεπολέμεις; Τοιχωρυχοῦντας εὗρες, ἢ λωποδυτοῦντας;","english":"He calls the cities \"vessels,\" and the wealth within the vessels; and the enemies have done both—they have ravaged and burned them. 13. And Moab shall be put to shame from Chemosh, just as the house of Israel was put to shame from Bethel, their hope. At Bethel Jeroboam set up the calf; the prophetic word therefore teaches that just as Israel obtained no help from the idols, so Moab gained nothing from Chemosh. Then he shows them boasting in their strength but undergoing destruction, since the God of all things commanded this. And having said that the time of punishment has come, he urges those nearby to rouse him to courage and to stir him up to his former strength; and he guarantees them to say: 17. How was the glorious staff broken, the rod of greatness? These things make clear both your strength and your pride beyond your strength; and he enumerates the cities that were formerly splendid and distinguished, and teaches the change of their prosperity; and he shows the cause as well. 26. Make him drunk, he says, because he has magnified himself against the Lord. For when the Moabites learned what had happened to the Jews, they mocked, accusing the God of all things of weakness. For this is what the following also teaches: \"Moab shall strike himself with his own hand\"—that is, dancing and rejoicing. \"And he himself shall become a laughingstock.\" Then more clearly: 27. And was not Israel a laughingstock to you? And was he found among your thefts, because you fought against him? Why, he says, did you fight against him who had done you no wrong? Did you find him breaking through walls, or as a robber?","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":174,"ref":"p174","source":"\"Ἐν αὐτῷ μεταναστεύσεις.\" Τουτέστι διὰ τὴν εἰς αὐτὸν ἀδικίαν· λέγει δὲ αὐτῶν καὶ τὴν φυγήν. κηʹ. Κατέλιπον τὰς πόλεις, καὶ ᾤκησαν πέ τρας οἱ κατοικοῦντες Μωὰβ, ἐγένοντο ὡς περιστεραὶ νοσσεύουσαι ἐν πέτραις, στόματι βοθύνου. Τὰ γὰρ ἐν ταῖς ἀκρωρείαις κατέλαβον σπήλαια, τῶν πολεμίων οὐκ ἐνεγκόντες τὴν προσβολήν. Καλεῖ δὲ αὐτὸν καὶ ὑβριστὴν, καὶ ἀλαζόνα, καὶ ὑπερήφανον. \"Καὶ τούτων, φησὶν, αὐτόπτης ἐγενόμην ἐγώ.\" Καὶ διδάσκων, ὡς ἤλεγξε τῶν ἔργων ἡ πεῖρα τῶν λόγων τὸν ὄγκον, ἐπήγαγεν. λʹ. Οὐχὶ κατὰ τὸ ἱκανὸν αὐτοῦ οὕτως βρα χίονες αὐτοῦ; οὐχ οὕτως ἐποίησε. Πρὸ τοῦ πολέμου γὰρ ἀλαζονευόμενος, καὶ ἀπειλῶν ἀριστεύειν, ἰδὼν τοὺς πολεμίους ἀπέδρα. Τὸ δὲ, \"κειράδας αὐχμοῦ,\" ὁ Σύρος οὕτως ἡρμήνευσε· \"Κεφαλαὶ αὐ τῶν κεκαρμέναι, καὶ οἱ πώγωνες αὐτῶν ἐξυρημένοι.\" Αἰχμαλώτων δὲ τοῦτο τὸ σχῆμα· δηλοῖ δὲ καὶ ὁ προφητικὸς λόγος ἐπὶ Μωάβ· λαʹ. Ὀλολύζετε ἐπ' ἄνδρας τείχους, κειράδας αὐχμοῦ. Τουτέστι, τοὺς πάλαι μὲν τείχεσι κεχρημένους καὶ περιβόλοις, νῦν δὲ ἀποκειραμένους τὴν προτέραν εὐημερίαν, καὶ αὐχμὸν περικει μένους. λβʹ. Ὡς κλαυθμὸν Ἰαζὴρ ἀποκλαύσομαί σοι. Ἱστορίας τινὸς ἀνέμνησε, δεδήλωκε δὲ τὴν τοῦ θρή νου ὑπερβολήν. \"Ἄμπελος Σεβαμὰ, κλήματά σου διῆλθε θάλασσαν.\" Εὔοινος ἦν αὐτὴ καὶ πολύοινος. Ἀπεικάζει τοίνυν θαλάττῃ τῆς ἀμπέλου τὸ πλῆθος. Λέγει δὲ ταύτης διαχθῆναι τὴν γῆν, καὶ διαφθαρῆναι τὴν ἄμπελον. λγʹ. Οἶνος ἦν, φησὶν, ἐν ληνοῖς σου· πρωῒ οὐκ ἐπάτησαν, οὐδὲ δείλης οὐκ ἐποίησαν. Τοῦτο ὁ Σύρος οὕτως ἡρμήνευσεν·","english":"You shall migrate into it.\" That is, because of the injustice done to him; and he speaks also of their flight. 29. They left the cities, and those who dwelt in Moab lived in the rocks; they became like doves nesting in the rocks, at the mouth of a pit. For they occupied the caves in the heights, not enduring the attack of the enemies. And he calls him also insolent, and boastful, and arrogant. \"And of these things,\" he says, \"I myself was an eyewitness.\" And teaching that experience of the deeds refuted the bulk of the words, he added: 30. Have not his arms been made short, as it were, according to his sufficiency? He did not do so. For before the war he was boasting and threatening to play the champion, but when he saw the enemies he fled. And the phrase \"shorn heads of drought,\" the Syrian interpreted thus: \"Their heads shorn, and their beards shaved.\" For this is the appearance of captives; and the prophetic word also declares this concerning Moab: 31. Howl over the men of the wall, shorn heads of drought. That is, those who formerly had walls and enclosures, but now have been shorn of their former prosperity, and are clothed in drought. 32. As with the weeping of Jazer I will weep for you. He recalled a certain history, and has indicated the excess of the lamentation. \"The vine of Sibmah, your branches passed through the sea.\" It was good for wine and abundant in wine. He likens, therefore, the abundance of the vine to the sea. And he says that its land was driven away, and the vine destroyed. 33. There was wine, he says, in your winepresses; in the morning they did not tread it, nor at evening did they do so. The Syrian interpreted this thus:","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":175,"ref":"p175","source":"\"Οὐκέτι δὲ ληνοβατοῦντες λέγοντες, Ἰὰ, ἰά.\" Καὶ διαφόρως τὰ αὐτὰ εἰρηκὼς, ἡρμήνευσε τὸ \"κειράδας αὐχμοῦ.\" λζʹ, ληʹ. Πᾶσαν κεφαλὴν ἐν παντὶ τόπῳ ξυρήσονται, καὶ πᾶς πώγων ξυρηθήσεται· καὶ πᾶσαι αἱ χεῖρες κόψονται, καὶ ἐπὶ πάσης ὀσφύος σάκκος. Καὶ ἐπὶ πάντων τῶν δωμάτων Μωὰβ, καὶ ἐν ταῖς πλατείαις αὐτῆς κοπετός. Διὰ πάντων δὲ τούτων τὸ μέγεθος διδάσκει τῆς συμφορᾶς. \"Ὅτι συνέτριψα τὸν Μωὰβ, ὡς ἀγγεῖον, οὗ οὐκ ἔστιν αὐτοῦ χρεία, φησὶν ὁ Κύριος.\" Ἔδειξεν αὐτοῦ τὸ παντελῶς ἄχρηστον· δείκνυσι δὲ σαφῶς καὶ τὴν τοῦ Ναβουχοδονόσορ ὀξύτητα. μʹ. Τάδε λέγει Κύριος· Ἰδοὺ ὡς ἀετὸς ὁρ μήσει, καὶ ἐκπετάσει τὰς πτέρυγας αὑτοῦ ἐπὶ Μωάβ. Καὶ ὁ θεσπέσιος Ἐζεκιὴλ ἀετῷ τὸν Ναβου-χοδονόσορ ἀπεικάζει· βασιλικὸν γὰρ τὸ ζῶον, καὶ τῶν πτηνῶν ἁπάντων ὀξύτατόν τε καὶ δυνατώτατον. Προλέγει καὶ τοῦ Μωὰβ τὴν δειλίαν, καὶ ἀπει κάζει αὐτοῦ τὴν καρδίαν γυναικὸς ὠδινούσης καρ δίᾳ· διδάσκει δὲ αὐτοῦ καὶ τὴν ἀσέβειαν. μβʹ. Ἀπολεῖται Μωὰβ ἀπὸ ὄχλου, ὅτι ἐπὶ τὸν Κύριον ἐμεγαλύνθη. Προλέγει καὶ τὰ ἐπάλληλα κακά. μγʹ, μδʹ. Φόβος καὶ βόθυνος, καὶ παγὶς ἐπὶ σὲ τὸν καθήμενον ἐν Μωὰβ, φησὶ Κύριος. Ὁ φεύγων ἀπὸ προσώπου τοῦ φόβου ἐμπεσεῖται εἰς τὸν βόθυνον, καὶ ὁ ἀναβαίνων ἐκ τοῦ βοθύνου συλληφθήσεται ἐν τῇ παγίδι. Δηλοῖ δὲ διὰ τούτων, ὡς καὶ οἱ φυγῇ χρησάμενοι ἡλώθησαν, καὶ οἷς οὐκ ἤθελον περιέπεσον. \"Ὅτι ἐπάξω ταῦτα ἐπὶ Μωὰβ, ὡς ἐν ἐνιαυτῷ, ᾧ ἐπισκέψομαι αὐτὴν, φησὶ Κύριος.\" Ἐνιαυτὸν τὸν καιρὸν καλεῖ· ὅταν, φησὶ, δοκιμάσω τιμωρήσασθαι αὐτοὺς, τούτοις αὐτοὺς περιβαλῶ τοῖς κακοῖς.","english":"No longer shall they tread the winepress and say, 'Iah, iah.'\" And having said the same things in various ways, he explained \"the clippings of drought.\" 37, 38. Every head in every place shall be shaved, and every beard shall be shaved; and all hands shall be cut, and on every loin sackcloth. And on all the housetops of Moab, and in its streets, wailing. And through all these things he teaches the magnitude of the calamity. \"For I have crushed Moab like a vessel for which there is no need, says the Lord.\" He showed its complete uselessness; and he clearly shows also the sharpness of Nebuchadnezzar. 40. Thus says the Lord: Behold, like an eagle he shall swoop down, and spread his wings over Moab. And the divine Ezekiel likens Nebuchadnezzar to an eagle; for the creature is royal, and of all winged things the sharpest and most powerful. He foretells also the cowardice of Moab, and likens his heart to the heart of a woman in labor; and he teaches also his impiety. 42. Moab shall perish from the multitude, because he magnified himself against the Lord. He foretells also the successive evils. 43, 44. Fear and a pit, and a snare upon you who dwell in Moab, says the Lord. He who flees from the face of fear shall fall into the pit, and he who climbs out of the pit shall be caught in the snare. By these things he makes clear that those who resorted to flight were also captured, and they fell in with what they did not wish. \"For I will bring these things upon Moab, as in a year when I visit her, says the Lord.\" He calls the time a year; when, he says, I determine to punish them, I will surround them with these evils.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":176,"ref":"p176","source":"Προθεσπίζει δὲ αὐτῶν καὶ τὸν ἐμφύλιον πόλεμον. μεʹ. Ὅτι πῦρ\n\nἐξῆλθεν ἐξ Ἐσεβὼν, φλὸξ ἐκ πόλεως Σεὼν, καὶ κατέφαγεν ἀρχηγοὺς Μωάβ. Προλέγει δὲ αὐτοῖς καὶ θυμήρη τινά. μζʹ. Καὶ ἐπιστρέψω τὴν αἰχμαλωσίαν Μωὰβ ἐπ' ἐσχάτων τῶν ἡμερῶν, φησὶ Κύριος. Ἔδειξε καὶ διὰ τῆς τιμωρίας, καὶ διὰ τῆς φιλανθρωπίας, ὡς αὐτός ἐστι Κύριος πάντων, πλουτῶν εἰς πάντας τοὺς ἐπικαλουμένους αὐτὸν, καὶ ὅτι οὐχὶ Ἰουδαίων μόνον ἐστὶ Θεὸς, ἀλλὰ πάντων ἀνθρώπων. \"Ἕως ἐνταῦθα τὸ κρῖμα Μωάβ.\" Τουτέστιν, ἡ κατ' αὐτοῦ ἐξενεχθεῖσα ψῆφος. ΚΕΦΑΛΑΙΟΝ ΜΘʹ. Μεταβαίνει δὲ λοιπὸν ἐπὶ τοὺς υἱοὺς Ἀμμὼν τῆς προφητείας ὁ λόγος, καί φησι πρὸς αὐτοὺς τῶν ὅλων ὁ Κύριος· αʹ. Μὴ υἱοὶ οὐκ εἰσὶν ἐν Ἰσραὴλ, ἢ παρα ληψόμενος οὐκ ἔστιν αὐτοῖς; Διατί παρέλαβε Μελχὼμ τὴν Γαλαὰδ, καὶ ὁ λαὸς αὐτῶν ἐν πόλεσιν αὐτῆς οἰκεῖ; Τὴν Γαλααδῖτιν αἱ δέκα κατεῖχον φυλαί. Τούτων τοίνυν αἰχμαλώτων γεγενη μένων, ταύτην κατέσχον οἱ Ἀμμωνῖται. Πρὸς τού τους φησὶν ὁ Θεός· Τοῦ λαοῦ κατεφρονήσατε, ἢ ἐμοῦ; \"Παραληψόμενον\" γὰρ ἀντὶ τοῦ \"τὸν ληψόμενον\" καὶ ἐπικουρήσοντα, ἑαυτὸν κέκληκε. Μελχὼμ δὲ εἴδωλον ἦν τῶν υἱῶν Ἀμμών. Ἐκεῖνο, φησὶ, τὸ μὴ ὂν, ἐμοῦ τοῦ ἀεὶ ὄντος περιγενέσθαι νομίζετε; βʹ. Διὰ τοῦτο ἰδοὺ ἡμέραι ἔρχονται, φησὶ Κύριος, καὶ ἀκουτιῶ ἐπὶ Ῥαββὰθ υἱῶν Ἀμμὼν θόρυβον πολέμων. Ῥαββὰθ πόλις ἦν τῆς Ἀρα-βίας· τὸ δὲ, \"ἀκουτιῶ\" ἀκουσθῆναι ποιήσω. \"Καὶ ἔσται εἰς ἄβατον καὶ ἀπώλειαν· καὶ οἱ βωμοὶ αὐτῆς ἐν πυρὶ κατακαυθήσονται, καὶ παραλήψεται Ἰσραὴλ τὴν ἀρχὴν αὐτῶν, φησὶ Κύριος.\" Καὶ ἐπιμένει τὰ συμβησόμενα τοῖς Ἀμμωνίταις προ λέγων. γʹ.","english":"He foretells also their civil war. 45. \"For fire went out from Heshbon, and a flame from the city of Seon, and it devoured the rulers of Moab.\" He foretells to them also certain things pleasing to them. 47. \"And I will turn the captivity of Moab in the last days, says the Lord.\" He showed both through the punishment and through the philanthropy that he himself is Lord of all, rich toward all who call upon him, and that he is God not of the Jews only but of all men. \"Up to this point is the judgment of Moab.\" That is, the sentence brought against him. CHAPTER 49. The word of prophecy now passes on to the sons of Ammon, and the Lord of all says to them: 1. \"Are there no sons in Israel, or have they no one to receive them? Why did Melchom take Gad, and their people dwell in its cities?\" The ten tribes occupied the region of Gilead. When these therefore had become captives, the Ammonites took possession of it. To these God says: Did you despise the people, or me? For \"one to receive\" he has called himself, instead of \"the one who will take\" and come to their aid. And Melchom was an idol of the sons of Ammon. That thing, he says, which is not, do you think it has prevailed over me who always am? 2. \"Therefore behold, days are coming, says the Lord, and I will make a noise of wars to be heard against Rabbah of the sons of Ammon.\" Rabbah was a city of Arabia; and \"I will make to be heard\" means I will cause it to be heard. \"And it shall become a desolation and a destruction; and its altars shall be burned with fire, and Israel shall receive their rule, says the Lord.\" And he continues foretelling the things that will befall the Ammonites. 3.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":177,"ref":"p177","source":"Ὀλόλυξον, Ἐσεβὼν, ὅτι ὤλετο ἡ ἰσχύς σου· κεκράξατε, θυγατέρες Ῥαββάθ· περιζώσασθε σάκκους, καὶ κόπτεσθε, καὶ ἀναδρά μετε διὰ τῶν τειχῶν, ὅτι Μελχὼμ εἰς ἀποικίαν βαδιεῖται, καὶ οἱ ἱερεῖς αὐτοῦ, καὶ οἱ ἄρχοντες αὐτοῦ ἅμα. Ἔδειξε καὶ τὴν τῶν εἰδώλων ἀσθένειαν· αἰχμάλωτα γὰρ καὶ αὐτὰ μετὰ τῶν προσκυνούντων ἀπῆλθον. δʹ. Τί ἀγαλλιᾶσθε ἐν τοῖς πεδίοις Ἐνακίμ; διέῤῥευσε τὰ πεδία σου, θύγατερ τῆς ἀτι μίας. Ἀναίδειαν αὐτῆς κατηγορεῖ, καὶ τὸ ἐπὶ τῷ πλούτῳ θράσος. Τοῦτο γὰρ καὶ τὰ ἑξῆς διδάσκει. \"Ἡ πεποιθυῖα ἐπὶ τοῖς θησαυροῖς αὑτῆς, ἡ λέ γουσα, Τίς ἐπελεύσεται ἐπ' ἐμέ;\" Καὶ ἐπειδὴ τοῖς ὁρωμένοις προσεῖχε, καὶ τὸν ἀόρατον ἠγνόει Θεὸν, διδάσκει τίς ὁ κολάζων. εʹ. Ἰδοὺ ἐγὼ φέρω ἐπὶ σὲ φόβον, εἶπε Κύριος τῶν δυνάμεων, ἀπὸ πάσης τῆς περιοίκου σου. Πανταχόθεν, φησὶ, δραμοῦνται οἱ μηνύοντές σοι τῶν πολεμίων τὴν στρατιάν. \"Καὶ διασπαρήσεσθε ἕκαστος εἰς τὸ πρόσωπον αὑτοῦ, καὶ οὐκ ἔσται ὁ συν άγων μετανάστην. Οὐ γὰρ κατὰ ταὐτὸν φεύξετε, ἀλλὰ διὰ τὴν τοῦ δέους ὑπερβολὴν σκεδασθήσεσθε· προλέγει δὲ καὶ τούτοις ἐπάνοδον, ἵνα μὴ μέγα φρονῶσιν Ἰουδαῖοι, ἅτε μόνοι τῆς ἐπανόδου τετυχηκότες. Προλέγει δὲ καὶ τῇ Ἰδουμαίᾳ τὰ σκυθρωπά· καὶ ἐπειδὴ ηὔχουν ἐπὶ σοφίᾳ, ταύτης αὐτοὺς ἐστε ρῆσθαί φησιν. \"Οὐκ ἔστι σοφία ἐν Θαιμὰν, ἀπώ λετο βουλὴ ἐκ συνετῶν.\" Πόλις ἦν αὕτη, καὶ ταύτης ἐβασίλευσεν Ἐλιφάζ· Ἐλιφὰζ γὰρ ὁ Θαιμανῶν βασιλεύς. ηʹ. Ἠπατήθη ὁ τόπος αὐτοῦ· βαθύνατε ἑαυτοὺς εἰς κάθισιν, οἱ κατοικοῦντες ἐν Δαι δὰν, ὅτι δύσκολα ἐποίησεν· ἤγαγον ἐπ' αὐ τὸν ἐν χρόνῳ ᾧ ἐπεσκεψάμην αὐτόν. Καὶ ἡ Δαι δὰν ἑτέρα πόλις·","english":"Cry out, Heshbon, for your strength has perished; cry aloud, daughters of Rabbah; gird yourselves with sackcloth, and beat yourselves, and run about through the walls, for Melchom shall go into exile, and his priests, and his rulers together. He showed also the weakness of the idols; for they too went away captive with those who worshipped them. 4. Why do you exult in the plains of Enakim? Your plains have flowed away, daughter of dishonor. He accuses her of shamelessness, and of the boldness she took in her wealth. For this is what he teaches in what follows: \"She who trusted in her treasures, who said, Who shall come upon me?\" And since she attended to things visible, and did not know the invisible God, he teaches who it is that punishes. 5. Behold, I bring upon you fear, says the Lord of hosts, from all your neighbors. From every side, he says, those who report to you the army of the enemies shall run. \"And you shall be scattered, each one before his own face, and there shall be no one to gather the wanderer. For you shall not flee to the same place, but because of the excess of fear you shall be scattered; but he foretells also to these their return, so that the Jews may not think greatly of themselves, as though they alone had obtained the return. But he foretells also to Idumea the gloomy things; and since they boasted in wisdom, he says that they have been deprived of it. \"There is no wisdom in Thaiman, counsel has perished from the prudent.\" This was a city, and Eliphaz reigned over it; for Eliphaz was king of the Thaimanites. 8. His place has been deceived; go deep down for a seat, you who dwell in Daidan, for he has done difficult things; they have brought upon him in the time when I visited him. And Daidan is another city.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":178,"ref":"p178","source":"παρακελεύεται δὲ αὐτοῖς ὑπὸ γῆν κρυβῆναι· τοῦτο γάρ ἐστι, \"βαθύνατε εἰς κάθισιν.\" Καὶ διδάσκει, ὡς αὐτὸς αὐτοῖς ἐπάγει τὴν τιμωρίαν· εἰ καὶ ἐν τῷ προλαβόντι χρόνῳ, φησὶν, ἐχρησάμην μακροθυμίᾳ. θʹ. Ὅτι τρυγηταὶ ἦλθόν σοι, καὶ οὐ κατα λείψουσί σοι κατάλειμμα. Τρυγητὰς τοὺς πολε μίους καλεῖ, οὓς λέγει πάντα ληΐζεσθαι καὶ πορθεῖν· διδάσκει δὲ καὶ τὸν τῆς ἐφόδου καιρόν. \"Ὡσεὶ κλέπται ἐν νυκτὶ ἐπιθήσουσι χεῖρα αὑτῶν.\" ιʹ. Ὅτι ἐγὼ κατέσυρα τὸν Ἠσαῦ, ἀνεκάλυψα κρυπτὰ αὐτῶν· κρυβῆναι οὐ μὴ δύνωνται. Μέγιστα ὄρη καὶ ὑψηλὰ τῇ Ἰδουμαίᾳ παράκεινται· σπήλαια τοίνυν ἐν τούτοις ὀρύττοντες, εἰς ἐκεῖνα κατέφυγον δυσμενῶν ἐπιόντων· ἀλλὰ τῆς ἐλπίδος ἥμαρτον, κἀκεῖθεν αὐτοὺς παραδεδωκότος τοῦ\n\nτῶν ὅλων Θεοῦ· \"Ὤλετο σπέρμα αὐτοῦ διὰ χειρὸς ἀδελφοῦ καὶ γείτονος αὐτοῦ.\" Οὐκ ᾐδέσθη, φησὶ, οὔτε τὴν φύσιν οὔτε τὴν γειτνίασιν. Ἀδελφοὶ γὰρ ἦσαν Ἰακὼβ καὶ Ἠσαῦ, καὶ μέντοι καὶ ὅμοροι· οὐδεὶς γὰρ ἕτερος αὐτοὺς ἀπ' ἀλλήλων διέστησεν. ιαʹ. Οὐκ ἔστιν ὁ ἐλεῶν ὑπολείπεσθαι ὀρφανούς σου, ἵνα σωθῶσι, καὶ ἐγὼ αὐτοὺς διασώσω. Πάντες, φησὶ, διὰ τὴν πολλήν σου πονη ρίαν ἀπεχθῶς πρὸς σὲ διάκεινται· κἀγὼ ὁ δίκαιος κριτὴς ἐπίκουρός σου γένωμαι; \"Καὶ αἱ χῆραί σου ἐπ' ἐμοὶ πεποιθέτωσαν.\" Καὶ τοῦτο κατ' εἰρωνείαν τέθεικεν, ὡς δηλοῖ τὰ ἑξῆς. ιβʹ. Ὅτι τάδε λέγει Κύριος· Ἰδοὺ οἷς οὐκ ἦν νόμος πιεῖν τὸ ποτήριον, πίοντες ἔπιον, καὶ σὺ ἀθωωμένη οὐ μὴ ἀθωωθῇς. Τοὺς ἀσεβείᾳ καὶ πονηρίᾳ συζῶντας κολάζειν μοι νόμος·","english":"He commands them to hide beneath the earth; for this is what \"go deep for a seat\" means. And he teaches that he himself brings the punishment upon them, even though, he says, in the preceding time I exercised forbearance. 9. For grape-gatherers came upon you, and they shall not leave you a remnant. He calls the enemies grape-gatherers, whom he says plunder and ravage everything; and he also teaches the time of the assault. \"Like thieves in the night they shall lay their hands upon them.\" 10. For I have stripped Esau, I have uncovered their hidden things; they shall not be able to hide. Very great and lofty mountains lie near Idumea; digging caves therefore in these, they fled into them when enemies came upon them; but they missed their hope, since the God of all delivered them up from there as well. \"His seed perished by the hand of his brother and his neighbor.\" He was ashamed, he says, neither of nature nor of neighborliness. For Jacob and Esau were brothers, and indeed also neighbors; for no other thing separated them from one another. 11. There is no one to have mercy so that orphans may be left to you, that they may be saved, and I will save them. All, he says, because of your great wickedness are disposed hatefully toward you; and shall I, the righteous judge, become your helper? \"And let your widows trust in me.\" He has also set this down by way of irony, as what follows makes clear. 12. For thus says the Lord: Behold, those to whom there was no law to drink the cup, drinking have drunk, and you, being acquitted, shall surely not be acquitted. It is my law to punish those who live with impiety and wickedness;","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":179,"ref":"p179","source":"ἀπήχθησαν δὲ εἰς Βαβυλῶνα καὶ προφῆται καὶ ἱερεῖς, Δανιὴλ, Ἐζεκιὴλ, καὶ ἄνδρες εὐσεβεῖς, Ἀνανίας,Ἀζαρίας, Μισαὴλ, καὶ ἄλλοι ὡς εἰκὸς πλεῖστοι, ὧν ἡ ἱστορία μέμνηται. Ἐκεῖνοι τοίνυν, φησὶν, οὐχ ὑπέκειντο διὰ τὴν ἀρετὴν τῇ τιμωρίᾳ, γεγένηνται δὲ δορυάλωτοι· καὶ σὺ διαφυγεῖν προσδοκᾷς; Ἀλλ' οὐ τεύξῃ τῆς ἐλπίδος, \"Ὅτι πίνουσα πίῃ.\" ιγʹ. Ὅτι κατ' ἐμαυτοῦ ὤμοσα, λέγει Κύριος, ὅτι εἰς ἀφανισμὸν, καὶ ὀνειδισμὸν, καὶ εἰς ἄβατον, καὶ εἰς ἐπικατάρασιν ἔσῃ. Βοσὼρ ἐν μέσῳ μέρους αὐτῆς, καὶ πᾶσαι αἱ πόλεις αὐτῆς ἔσονται ἔρημοι ἕως τοῦ αἰῶνος. Βοσὼρ οὐ ταύτην λέγει τὴν Βόστραν, ἀλλ' ἑτέραν ἐπὶ τῇ Ἰδουμαίᾳ διακειμένην. ιδʹ. Ἀκοὴν ἤκουσα παρὰ Κυρίου, καὶ ἀγγέλους εἰς ἔθνη ἀπέστειλε· συνάχθητε, καὶ παραγένεσθε ἐπ' αὐτὴν, καὶ ἀνάστητε εἰς πόλεμον ἐπ' αὐ τήν. Τὸ δὲ, \"ἀγγέλους εἰς τὰ ἔθνη ἀπέστειλεν,\" ἀντὶ τοῦ \"ἐκέλευσε\" τέθεικεν· εἰκὸς δὲ καὶ τῷ θείῳ προστάγματι διακονοῦντας ἀγγέλους διεγείρειν τοὺς πολεμίους· καὶ γὰρ ὁ θεῖος λέγει Δαβίδ· \"Ἐξαπέστειλεν εἰς αὐτοὺς ὀργὴν θυμοῦ αὑτοῦ· θυμὸν, καὶ ὀργὴν, καὶ θλίψιν, ἀποστολὴν δι' ἀγγέλων πονηρῶν.\" Πονηροὺς δὲ καλεῖ, οὐχ ὡς φύσει τοιού τους, ἀλλ' ὡς τιμωρίας χάριν ἐκπεμπομένους. Κακὰ γὰρ καλεῖν εἰώθαμεν καὶ τὰς ἐπαγομένας συμ φοράς. Οὕτως ἄγγελος τὰ τῶν Αἰγυπτίων ἀνεῖλε πρωτότοκα· οὕτως ἕτεροι κατὰ τοῦ Ἰσραὴλ ἀπεστά λησαν, ἡνίκα τὸν λαὸν ἀπηρίθμησεν ὁ Δαβίδ. Πολλὰ δὲ καὶ ἄλλα τοιαῦτα ἔστιν εὑρεῖν παρὰ τῇ θείᾳ Γραφῇ ιεʹ. Ἰδοὺ μικρὸν δέδωκά σε ἐν ἔθνεσιν· εὐκαταφρόνητον ἐν ἀνθρώποις. Ἄσημοι γάρ εἰσιν Ἰδουμαῖοι·","english":"They were led away to Babylon, both prophets and priests—Daniel, Ezekiel, and pious men, Hananiah, Azariah, Mishael, and others, very many, as is likely, whom history remembers. Those men, then, he says, were not subject to punishment because of their virtue, yet they became captives of war; and do you expect to escape? But you will not attain your hope, \"for drinking you shall drink.\" 13. For I have sworn by myself, says the Lord, that you shall become a desolation, and a reproach, and uninhabited, and a curse. Bozrah shall be in the midst of her territory, and all her cities shall be desolate forever. He does not mean this Bostra, but another situated in Idumea. 14. I have heard a report from the Lord, and he has sent angels to the nations: gather yourselves and come against her, and rise up for war against her. The phrase \"he has sent angels to the nations\" is used in place of \"he has commanded\"; and it is likely that angels also, ministering to the divine command, stir up the enemies; for the divine David says: \"He sent upon them the wrath of his anger: wrath, and anger, and affliction, a sending through evil angels.\" He calls them evil, not as being such by nature, but as being sent out for the sake of punishment. For we are accustomed to call the calamities that are brought upon us evils as well. Thus an angel destroyed the firstborn of the Egyptians; thus others were sent against Israel, when David numbered the people. And many other such things can be found in the divine Scripture. 15. Behold, I have made you small among the nations, contemptible among men. For the Idumeans are obscure.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":180,"ref":"p180","source":"καὶ παντελῶς ἠγνοήθησαν, εἰ μὴ δήλους αὐ τοὺς πεποίηκεν ἡ θεία Γραφή· καὶ δήλους αὐτοὺς οὐ πᾶσιν, ἀλλὰ τοῖς σπουδαίοις ποιεῖ. ιϛʹ. Ἡ παιγνία σου ἐνεχείρησέ σοι ταῦτα, καὶ ἡ ἀτιμία τῆς καρδίας σου. Εἰδωλολατρείαν, καὶ τρυφὴν, καὶ ἀκολασίαν διὰ τούτων κατηγορεῖ. \"Κατέλυσεν ἐν τρυμαλιαῖς πετρῶν.\" Καὶ ἤδη προειρήκαμεν, ὁποίας εἶχον καταφυγάς. \"Συνέλαβεν ἰσχὺν βουνοῦ ὑψηλοῦ.\" Τὰς ἀκρωρείας λέγει· μέγι σται δὲ αὗται, καὶ ὑψηλαί. \"Ὅτι ἐὰν ὑψώσῃς, ὡς ἀετὸς, νοσσιάν σου· ἐκεῖθεν καθελῶ σε, λέγει Κύριος.\" ιζʹ. Καὶ ἔσται ἡ Ἰδουμαία εἰς ἄβατον. Λέγει δὲ, ὅτι καὶ οἱ διιόντες δι' αὐτῆς θαυμάσουσι, καὶ τῷ συρίγματι δηλώσουσι τὴν τῆς ἐρημίας ὑπερβολήν· καὶ ὅτι Σοδόμοις καὶ Γομόροις, καὶ ταῖς ἄλλαις πό λεσιν αἳ τοῦ πάθους ἐκοινώνησαν ταύταις, ἔρημοι παραπλησίως αἱ προῤῥηθεῖσαι γενήσονται πόλεις. Καὶ ἀψευδὴς ὁ λόγος· καὶ γὰρ ὁ Δαιδὰν, καὶ ἡ Θαι μὰν, καὶ ἡ Βοσὼρ ἔρημοί εἰσι παντελῶς. Λέγει δὲ καὶ τὸν Βαβυλώνιον λέοντι παραπλησίως κατ' αὐτῆς ὁρμήσειν, καὶ διὰ τοῦ Ἰορδάνου τὴν πορείαν ποιή σεσθαι· καὶ κελεύει τοὺς λογάδας κατ' αὐτῆς ὁπλί σασθαι, καὶ ἐπάγει· ιθʹ. Ὅτι τίς ὥσπερ ἐγώ; καὶ τίς ἀντιστήσεταί μοι; τίς οὗτος ὁ ποιμὴν, ὃς στήσεται κατὰ πρόσ ωπόν μου; Οὔτε γὰρ οἱ βασιλεῖς, οὔτε τὰ τούτων εἴδωλα, ἐμοῦ κελεύοντος, ἀντιστῆναι δυνήσονται. κʹ. Διὰ τοῦτο ἀκούσατε τὴν βουλὴν Κυρίου, ἢν ἐβουλεύσατο ἐπὶ τὴν Ἰδουμαίαν, καὶ λογισμὸν αὐτοῦ, ὃν ἐλογίσατο ἐπὶ τοὺς κατοικοῦντας Θαι μάν. Εἶτα λέγει εὐαρίθμητα μὲν αὐτῶν ἔσεσθαι τὰ πρόβατα, ἄβατον δὲ τὴν χώραν·","english":"and they were completely unknown, unless the divine Scripture has made them clear; and it makes them clear not to all, but to the diligent. 16. Your sport has brought these things upon you, and the dishonor of your heart. By these words he accuses idolatry, luxury, and licentiousness. \"He has destroyed in the clefts of the rocks.\" And we have already said what sort of refuges they had. \"He has taken the strength of a high hill.\" He means the mountain peaks; and these are very great and high. \"For even if you exalt your nest like an eagle, from there I will bring you down, says the Lord.\" 17. And Idumea shall be a place untrodden. And he says that those who pass through it will marvel, and by their whistling will indicate the excess of the desolation; and that the cities foretold shall become desolate similarly to Sodom and Gomorrah and the other cities that shared in their suffering. And the word is true; for Daedan and Thaiman and Bosor are completely desolate. And he says that the Babylonian will rush against it like a lion, and will make his journey through the Jordan; and he commands the chosen men to arm themselves against it, and he adds: 19. For who is like me? And who will stand against me? Who is this shepherd who will stand before my face? For neither the kings nor their idols will be able to stand against me when I command. 20. Therefore hear the counsel of the Lord, which he has counseled against Idumea, and his thought, which he has thought against those who dwell in Thaiman. Then he says that their sheep will be easily numbered, and the land untrodden.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":181,"ref":"p181","source":"καὶ τοῦ θρήνου τὸν ἦχον τὴν Ἐρυθρὰν καταλήψεσθαι θάλασσαν,\n\nἀετῷ δὲ παραπλησίως τὸν Βαβυλώνιον ἐπιστήσεσθαι, καὶ τῶν ὀχυρωμάτων κρατήσειν· τοὺς δὲ Ἰδουμαίους δει λίᾳ καὶ ὀδύνῃ περιπεσεῖσθαι, ὡς γυναικὶ τικτούσῃ τὴν καρδίαν αὐτῶν παραβάλλεσθαι. Ἐνταῦθα περά νας τῆς Ἰδουμαίας τὴν πρόῤῥησιν, ἐπὶ τὴν Δαμασκὸν μεταφέρει τὸν λόγον, καί φησιν· κγʹ. Κατῃσχύνθη Ἠμὰθ καὶ Ἀρφὰθ, ὅτι ἀκοὴν πονηρὰν ἤκουσαν. Ἠμὰθ, ὡς καὶ ἤδη προειρήκαμεν, τὴν Ἔμεσαν λέγει· ἔστι δὲ καὶ ἄλλη Ἠμὰθ, ἡ νῦν Ἐπιφάνεια. Ἀρφὰθ δέ τινές φασι τὰς νῦν Ῥεφανέας καλουμένας. \"Ἐξέστησαν ἐν θαλάσσῃ, ἐθυμώθησαν, ἀναπαύσασθαι οὐ μὴ δύνανται.\" Θάλασσαν ἐκάλεσε τὸ πλῆθος τῆς στρατιᾶς· ἔδειξε δὲ καὶ τὴν πρώτην τῶν Δαμασκηνῶν ὁρμήν· περὶ γὰρ αὐτῶν ἔφη, \"Ἐθυμώθησαν·\" ἐλέγχει δὲ τὴν μετὰ ταῦτα δειλίαν. κδʹ. Ἐξελύθη Δαμασκὸς, ἀπεστράφη εἰς φυγὴν, καὶ ἐξεῤῥίφη· τρόμος ἐπελάβετο αὐτῆς, καὶ ὠδῖνες κατέσχον αὐτὴν ὡς τικτούσης. Διδάσκει δὲ καὶ τὴν αἰτίαν τῆς συμφορᾶς. κεʹ. Πῶς οὐχὶ ἐγκατέλιπε πόλεις ἐμὰς, ἐμὴν κώμην ἠγάπησεν; Ἐμὰς, φησὶ, πόλεις καὶ κώμας λαβεῖν ἐπεχείρησε· πόλεις δὲ αὑτοῦ καὶ κώμας, τὰς τοῦ Ἰσραὴλ ὀνομάζει· ἀεὶ δὲ πρὸς ταύ τας Δαμασκηνοὶ ἐναντίως διέκειντο. κϛʹ, κζʹ. Διὰ τοῦτο πεσοῦνται οἱ νεανίσκοι σου ἐν ταῖς πλατείαις σου, καὶ πάντες οἱ ἄν δρες οἱ πολεμισταὶ ἐκπεσοῦνται ἐν τῇ ἡμέρᾳ ἐκείνῃ, φησὶ Κύριος τῶν δυνάμεων. Καὶ καύσω πῦρ ἐν τείχει Δαμασκοῦ, καὶ καταφάγεται ἄμφοδα υἱοῦ Ἄδερ. \"Υἱὸς Ἄδερ\" ἐστὶν ὄνομα. Βαραδὰδ γὰρ ἐκαλεῖτο τῇ Σύρων φωνῇ·","english":"and the echo of the lamentation will reach the Red Sea, and like an eagle he will come against the Babylonian and will prevail over the strongholds; and the Idumeans will fall into terrible fear and pain, so that their heart is likened to a woman in labor. Here, having crossed over from Idumea, he transfers his prophecy to Damascus, and says: 23. Hamath and Arphath were put to shame, because they heard an evil report. Hamath, as we have already said before, means Emesa; but there is also another Hamath, the present Epiphania. And Arphath, some say, is what is now called Raphanea. \"They were astonished at the sea, they were enraged, they shall not be able to rest.\" He called the multitude of the army a sea; and he also showed the first impulse of the Damascenes; for concerning them he said, \"They were enraged\"; and he reproves their cowardice afterward. 24. Damascus has grown weak, she has turned to flight, and has been cast out; trembling has seized her, and pangs have taken hold of her as of a woman in labor. And he teaches the cause of the calamity. 25. How has she not forsaken my cities, and loved my village? My cities, he says, and villages she attempted to take; and he calls his own cities and villages those of Israel; for the Damascenes were always disposed in hostility toward these. 26, 27. Therefore your young men shall fall in your streets, and all the men of war shall fall in that day, says the Lord of hosts. And I will kindle a fire in the wall of Damascus, and it shall devour the suburbs of the son of Ader. \"Son of Ader\" is a name. For he was called Baradad in the Syrian tongue.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":182,"ref":"p182","source":"βασιλεὺς δὲ ἦν οὗτος τῆς Δαμασκοῦ, καὶ ὡς ἡ προφητεία δηλοῖ, λαμπροῖς αὐτὴν οἰκοδομήμασι διεκόσμησεν· οἷς τὸν ἐμπρησμὸν ἀπειλεῖ. Προλέγει δὲ ὁ προφήτης καὶ τοῖς Ἰσμαηλίταις, τοῖς νῦν καλουμένοις Σαρακηνοῖς, τὰς ἐπενεχθείσας συμφοράς. κηʹ. Τῇ Κηδὰρ, τῇ βασιλίσσῃ τῆς αὐλῆς, ἣν ἐπάταξε Ναβουχοδονόσορ βασιλεὺς Βαβυλῶνος, οὕτως εἶπε Κύριος. Κηδὰρ εἷς τῶν υἱῶν Ἰσμαὴλ, καὶ τοῦτο διδάσκει τῆς Κτίσεως τὸ βιβλίον· κατ' ἐκεῖνον δὲ τὸν καιρὸν, ὡς εἰκὸς, αὕτη τῶν ἄλλων ἐκράτει φυλῶν· ὅθεν αὐτὴν καὶ βασίλισσαν ὀνο μάζει. Αὐλὴν δὲ καλεῖ ἅπασαν τὴν τῶν Σαρακηνῶν στάσιν· ἐπειδὴ νομάδες εἰσὶν, ἐν σκηναῖς κατοι κοῦντες. Παρακελεύεται δὲ στρατεῦσαι ἐπ' αὐτοὺς, καὶ ληΐσασθαι τὰ πρόβατα, καὶ τὰς καμήλους, ἐκ πορθῆσαι δὲ καὶ τὰς σκηνάς· καὶ ὁ Κεδὲμ δὲ υἱὸς ὑπῆρχε τοῦ Ἰσμαήλ· παρακελεύεται δὲ καὶ τούτοις ὑπὸ γῆν λαθεῖν· τοῦτο γὰρ λέγει. λʹ. Βαθύνατε εἰς κάθισιν. Ὥστε φυγεῖν τῶν πολεμίων τὴν προσβολήν. λαʹ. Ἀνάστηθι, ἀνάβηθι ἐπὶ ἔθνος εὐσταθοῦν, καθήμενον εἰς ἀναψυχὴν, φησὶ Κύριος. Οἷς οὐκ εἰσὶ θύραι, οὐδὲ μοχλοί· αὐτοὶ μό νοι καταλύουσιν. Ῥᾳδία σοι, φησὶν, ἡ νίκη· οὐ δεῖ σοι πολιορκίας, οὐδὲ προσεδρείας, οὐδὲ χρόνου μακροῦ· εὐάλωτοί εἰσι, καὶ εὐχείρωτοι. Δείκνυσι δὲ καὶ ὡς αὐτὸς ἐπάγει τὴν τιμωρίαν. \"Καὶ λικμήσω αὐτοὺς παντὶ πνεύματι κεκαρμένους τὰ πρόσωπα αὑτῶν, καὶ ἐκ παντὸς πέρατος αὐτῶν οἴσω τὴν τροπὴν αὐτῶν.\" Τουτέστιν, εἰς ἕκαστον κλῖμα τραπήσονται εἰς φυγήν. Καὶ οἱ πρὸς ἀνίσχοντα ἥλιον ἱδρυμένοι, καὶ οἱ πρὸς ἑσπέραν ἐσκηνωμένοι. λγʹ. Καὶ ἔσται ἡ αὐλὴ διατριβὴ στρουθῶν, καὶ ἄβατος ἕως αἰῶνος.","english":"This was the king of Damascus, and, as the prophecy makes clear, he adorned it with splendid buildings; against these he threatens conflagration. The prophet also foretells to the Ishmaelites, those now called Saracens, the calamities that were brought upon them. 29. To Kedar, the queen of the court, whom Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon struck, thus says the Lord. Kedar is one of the sons of Ishmael, and the book of Genesis teaches this; and at that time, as is likely, she held sway over the other tribes; whence he also calls her queen. And he calls the whole encampment of the Saracens a \"court,\" since they are nomads, dwelling in tents. He urges them to march against them, and to plunder the sheep and the camels, and to ravage the tents; and Kedem too was a son of Ishmael; and he urges these also to hide beneath the earth; for this is what he says. 30. Go deep to dwell. So as to flee the assault of the enemies. 31. Arise, go up against a nation at ease, dwelling in security, says the Lord. Those who have no doors, nor bars; they alone pull down. Easy for you, he says, is the victory; you have no need of siege, nor of blockade, nor of long time; they are easily taken, and easily subdued. He shows also that he himself brings the punishment. \"And I will winnow them with every wind, with their faces shorn, and from every end of them I will bring their turning.\" That is, they shall turn to flight toward every region. Both those settled toward the rising sun, and those encamped toward the west. 33. And the court shall be a dwelling-place of sparrows, and impassable forever.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":183,"ref":"p183","source":"Οὐ μὴ καθίσει ἐκεῖ ἄνθρωπος, καὶ οὐ μὴ κατοικήσει υἱὸς γηγενοῦς. Καὶ μαρτυρεῖ τοῖς λόγοις τὰ πράγματα· καταλιπόντες γὰρ τὴν πανέρημον, τοῖς οἰκουμένοις φρουρίοις πελάζουσι. Προθεσπίζει δὲ καὶ τὰ τῇ Αἰλὰμ συμβεβηκότα· δηλοῖ δὲ καὶ τῆς προφητείας τὸν χρόνον. Εὐθὺς γὰρ βασιλεύσαντος Σεδεκίου ταύτην ἔφη γενέσθαι. λεʹ. Τάδε λέγει Κύριος τῶν δυνάμεων· Ἰδοὺ ἐγὼ συντρίβω τόξον Αἰλὰμ, ἀρχὴν δυναστείας αὐτῶν. Αἰλὰμ πόλις ἐστὶν ἐν τῷ στομίῳ τῆς Ἐρυθρᾶς κειμένη θαλάττης. Ἐμπόριον δὲ ἦν τοῦτο πά λαι λαμπρὸν, καὶ νῦν οἱ πρὸς Ἰνδοὺς ἀποπλέοντες ἐκεῖθεν ἀνάγονται. λϛʹ. Καὶ ἐπάξω ἐπὶ Αἰλὰμ τέσσαρας ἀνέμους ἐκ τῶν τεσσάρων ἄκρων τοῦ οὐρανοῦ, καὶ οὐκ ἔσται ἔθνος ὃ οὐχ ἥξει ἐκεῖ. Τῆς Αἰγύπτου κρα τήσας ὁ Βαβυλώνιος, ὥρμησεν ἐπανιὼν κατ' αὐτῆς, ἔχων μὲν τὴν προτέραν\n\nστρατιὰν ἀπὸ τῶν βορειοτέρων καὶ ἑῴων συνειλεγμένην μερῶν· συνῆν δὲ αὐτῷ καὶ νησιωτῶν πλῆθος, ὃ τὴν ἑσπέραν ᾤκει· καὶ προσέλαβε δὲ ἐπ' αὐτὸν, καὶ Αἰγυπτίους, καὶ Λίβυας, καὶ Αἰθίοπας, οἳ τὸ νοτιώτερον οἰκεῖν ἔλαχον τμῆμα. Ταῦτα ὁ προφητικὸς προεθέσπισε λόγος. λζʹ. Καὶ πτοήσω αὐτοὺς ἐναντίον τῶν ἐχθρῶν αὑτῶν, τῶν ζητούντων τὴν ψυχὴν αὐτῶν· καὶ ἐπάξω ἐπ' αὐτοὺς κατὰ τὴν ὀργὴν τοῦ θυμοῦ μου, φησὶ Κύριος, καὶ ἐπαποστελῶ ὀπίσω αὐτῶν τὴν μάχαιράν μου, ἕως οὗ ἀναλώσῃ αὐτούς. Πάλιν μάχαιραν αὑτοῦ τοὺς Βαβυλωνίους ἐκάλεσε· δι' αὐτῶν γὰρ καὶ τούτους εἰσεπράξατο δίκας. ληʹ. Καὶ θήσω τὸν θρόνον μου ἐν Αἰλὰμ, καὶ ἀπολῶ ἐκεῖθεν βασιλέα καὶ μεγιστᾶνας, φησὶ Κύριος.","english":"No man shall sit there, and no son of earth-born man shall dwell there. And events bear witness to the words; for having left the all-desert, they draw near to the inhabited fortresses. He foretells also the things that befell Elam; and he makes clear also the time of the prophecy. For he said that this happened immediately when Zedekiah began to reign. 35. Thus says the Lord of hosts: Behold, I am breaking the bow of Elam, the beginning of their dominion. Elam is a city situated at the mouth of the Red Sea. This was long ago a splendid trading port, and now those who sail to the Indians put out from there. 36. And I will bring upon Elam four winds from the four corners of heaven, and there shall be no nation that shall not come there. The Babylonian, having gained mastery over Egypt, set out returning against it, having the former army gathered from the more northern and eastern parts; and there was with him also a multitude of islanders, who dwelt in the west; and he took to himself in addition both Egyptians and Libyans and Ethiopians, who obtained as their lot to dwell in the more southern region. These things the prophetic word foretold. 37. And I will strike terror into them before their enemies, of those seeking their life; and I will bring upon them according to the anger of my wrath, says the Lord, and I will send my sword after them, until it consumes them. Again he called the Babylonians his sword; for through them he exacted punishment also from these. 38. And I will set my throne in Elam, and I will destroy from there king and great men, says the Lord.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":184,"ref":"p184","source":"Τὸ, \"θήσω τὸν θρόνον μου,\" ἀντὶ τοῦ, ἐκεῖ δικάσω, καὶ τὴν ψῆφον ἐξοίσω, οἷόν τισι δημίοις κε χρημένος τοῖς πολεμίοις. Ἔχει δὲ καὶ νῦν ἐκεῖ τὸν θρόνον, εἰς εὐσέβειαν καὶ ταύτης μεταβληθείσης τῆς πόλεως· ὥστε καὶ κατὰ τοῦτον τὸν λόγον ἀληθὴς ἡ πρόῤῥησις. λθʹ. Καὶ ἔσται ἐπ' ἐσχάτου τῶν ἡμερῶν, ἐπι στρέψω τὴν αἰχμαλωσίαν Αἰλὰμ, λέγει Κύριος. Ἡγοῦμαι καὶ διὰ ταύτην, καὶ διὰ τὰς ἄλλας, αἷς τὴν ἀνάκλησιν ἐπηγγείλατο, μὴ μόνης τῆς αἰσθητῆς αἰχμαλωσίας ὑπισχνεῖσθαι τὴν ἐλευθερίαν τὸν ἀγα θὸν Δεσπότην, ἀλλὰ καὶ τῆς νοητῆς· πλείονα γὰρ ποιεῖται τῶν ψυχῶν ἐπιμέλειαν· διὰ γάρ τοι τοῦτο καὶ τοῖς σώμασι τὰς παιδείας προσφέρει. Προλέγει τοίνυν τὴν τοῦ διαβόλου κατάλυσιν, καὶ ἀσεβείας τὴν παῦλαν, καὶ τὴν τῶν αἰχμαλώτων ὑπὸ τῆς ἁμαρ τίας γεγενημένων ἀνθρώπων ἐλευθερίαν. Ἧς τετυχηκότες τὸν ταύτης χορηγὸν ἀνυμνήσωμεν, καὶ τὴν ἐλευθέραν ζωὴν ἀγαπήσωμεν, καὶ τὴν προτέραν βδελυξώμεθα δουλείαν· ἵνα καὶ σὺν παῤῥησίᾳ τῷ Δεσποτικῷ βήματι παραστῶμεν, χάριτι καὶ φιλ ανθρωπίᾳ τοῦ δικαίου κριτοῦ, μεθ' οὗ τῷ Πατρὶ, σὺν τῷ παναγίῳ Πνεύματι, δόξα πρέπει καὶ μεγαλοπρέπεια, νῦν καὶ ἀεὶ, καὶ εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας τῶν αἰώνων. Ἀμήν.","english":"The phrase \"I will set my throne\" means \"there I will judge, and I will pronounce the verdict,\" as though he were treating the enemies like certain public executioners. And he has his throne there even now, since the city has been changed to piety; so that according to this account too the prophecy is true. 39. And it shall come to pass in the last days, that I will turn back the captivity of Elam, says the Lord. I think that through this promise, and through the others in which he announced the restoration, the good Master promises freedom not only from the perceptible captivity but also from the intelligible one; for he takes greater care for souls; for this reason he also applies disciplines to bodies. He foretells, then, the destruction of the devil, and the cessation of impiety, and the freedom of the captives who had come to be under sin. Having obtained this, let us hymn its provider, and let us love the free life, and let us abhor the former slavery; so that we may also stand with boldness at the Master's judgment seat, by the grace and love of mankind of the righteous judge, with whom glory and majesty are fitting to the Father, together with the all-holy Spirit, now and always, and unto the ages of ages. Amen.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":185,"ref":"p185","source":"ΤΟΜΟΣ Ι.\n\nΚΕΦΑΛΑΙΟΝ Νʹ.\n\nΤὰ τοῖς ἄλλοις ἔθνεσι συμβησόμενα προθεσπίσας, τῆς Βαβυλῶνος λοιπὸν προλέγει τὸν ὄλεθρον. βʹ. Ἀναγγείλατε ἐν τοῖς ἔθνεσι, καὶ ἀκου στὸν ποιήσατε, καὶ ἐπάρατε σημεῖον· ἀκουτίσατε, καὶ μὴ κρύψητε· εἴπατε, Ἑάλω Βαβυλών. Ἐπειδὴ τὰς ἄλλας βασιλείας καταλύσας τῶν Βαβυ λωνίων ὁ βασιλεὺς, ὑπὸ τὴν ἑαυτοῦ τελεῖν δυνα στείαν ἠνάγκασε, μηνυθῆναι κελεύει τοῖς ἔθνεσι τὴν ταύτης κατάλυσιν. \"Κατῃσχύνθη Βήλ.\" Εἴδωλον ἦν σφόδρα παρὰ τῶν Βαβυλωνίων τιμώμενον· καὶ τινὲς μὲν Δία τοῦτο καλοῦσι, τινὲς δὲ Κρόνον. Λέγει δὲ καταισχυνθῆναι· πρῶτον μὲν ὡς ἐπαρκέσαι τοῖς προσκυνοῦσιν οὐ δυνηθέντα, ἔπειτα ὡς τῶν τιμώντων παντελῶς στερηθέντα. \"Ἡ ἀπτόητος, ἡ τρυφερά.\" Καὶ τὸ δυνατὸν αὐτῶν δεδήλωκε, καὶ τὸ ἁβροδίαιτον. \"Παρεδόθη Μαιρωδάχ.\" Καὶ τὸν πρῶτον Βαβυλωνίων βασιλεύσαντα Μαιρωδὰχ ὠνό μασαν. Ἐνταῦθα τοίνυν ἢ τὸν τελευταῖον λέγει, ἐφ' οὗ γέγονεν ἡ τῆς βασιλείας κατάλυσις, ἢ τὸν πρῶτον, ὃς ἀπὸ τῆς Νινευῒ εἰς τὴν Βαβυλῶνα τὴν βασιλείαν μετέθηκε. Καὶ ἐπὶ μὲν τοῦ δευτέρου λάβοι τις ἂν, καὶ ἐπὶ τοῦ πρώτου, τὸ \"παρεδόθη·\" ἐπὶ δὲ τοῦ δευτέρου τὴν βασιλείαν αὐτήν· λέγει δὲ αὐτῆς καὶ τὰ εἴδωλα πάντα καταισχυνθῆναι, καὶ γενέσθαι δήλην αὐτῶν τὴν ἀσθένειαν. Ἔθνος δὲ ἀπὸ βοῤῥᾶ κατὰ τῆς Βαβυλῶνος στρατεῦσαν τοὺς Μήδους λέγει. Οὗτοι δὲ, φησὶ, καὶ τὴν γῆν αὐτῶν ἀπέφηναν ἔρημον, καὶ αὐτὴν ἐξεπόρθησαν. Κατὰ τοῦτον, φησὶ, τὸν καιρὸν","english":"VOLUME I.\n\nCHAPTER 50.\n\nHaving foretold what would befall the other nations, he now foretells the destruction of Babylon. 2. \"Announce among the nations, and make it heard, and lift up a sign; make it heard, and hide it not; say, Babylon is taken.\" Since the king, having overthrown the other kingdoms, compelled the Babylonians to be under his own dominion, he commands that this overthrow be made known to the nations. \"Bel is put to shame.\" It was an idol greatly honored by the Babylonians; and some call it Zeus, others Cronus. He says it was put to shame: first, because it was unable to come to the aid of those who worshiped it; and then, because it was utterly deprived of those who honored it. \"The untrembling one, the luxurious one.\" He has indicated both their power and their luxurious manner of life. \"Merodach was delivered up.\" They named Merodach as the first who reigned over the Babylonians. Here, then, he means either the last, in whose time the overthrow of the kingdom took place, or the first, who transferred the kingdom from Nineveh to Babylon. And in the case of the second one, and also in the case of the first, one may take \"was delivered up\"; but in the case of the second, the kingdom itself. He says that all its idols too were put to shame, and that their weakness became evident. By \"a nation from the north\" that marched against Babylon he means the Medes. These, he says, also made their land desolate, and plundered it. At this time, he says,","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":186,"ref":"p186","source":"ἀπολήψονται ἐλευθερίαν αἵ τε δέκα φυλαὶ, καὶ αἱ δύο· καὶ κατ' αὐτὸ ἐπανήξουσι, καὶ φεύ ξονται πρὸς Κύριον. \"Διαθήκη γὰρ αἰώνιος οὐκ ἐπιλησθήσεται.\" Τουτέστιν, ἡ πρὸς τοὺς πατέρας ἐπαγγελία γεγενημένη. Εἶτα ἀπεικάζει αὐτοὺς προ βάτοις ἀπολωλόσι· τοῖς ποιμέσι τῆς ἀπωλείας τῶν προβάτων ἀνατίθησι τὴν αἰτίαν· ποιμένας δὲ καλεῖ οὐ μόνον τοὺς βασιλέας, ἀλλὰ καὶ τοὺς ἱερέας· λέγει δὲ καὶ ποῦ παρεσκεύασαν αὐτὰ πλανηθῆναι. \"Ἔξωσαν αὐτοὺς ἐπὶ τὰ ὄρη· ἐπλάνησαν αὐτοὺς, ἐξ ὄρους ἐπὶ βουνὸν ᾤχοντο, ἐπελάθοντο κοίτης αὑτῶν.\" Βου νοὺς καὶ ὄρη τὰ τῶν εἰδώλων τεμένη καλεῖ· ἐν ἐκείνοις γὰρ προσεκύνουν τὰ εἴδωλα· κοίτην δὲ αὐ τῶν τὸν θεῖον νεών· ἐκεῖθεν γὰρ εἶχον τὴν ἀπόλαυσιν τῶν ἀγαθῶν. Αὕτη, φησὶν, ἡ πλάνη τοῖς πολεμίοις αὐτοὺς παραδέδωκεν, ἀνθ' ὧν ἥμαρτον Κυρίῳ. ζʹ. Νομὴ δικαιοσύνης τῷ συναγαγόντι τοὺς πατέρας αὐτῶν τῷ Κυρίῳ. Οὕτω καὶ ὁ μακάριος λέγει Δαβίδ· \"Ἡμεῖς δὲ λαὸς αὐτοῦ, καὶ πρόβατα νομῆς αὐτοῦ.\" Τοῦτο καὶ ἐνταῦθα λέγει· ὅτι νομὴ δικαιοσύνης ἦσαν τῷ Κυρίῳ, ὃς τοὺς πατέρας αὐτῶν ἐξελέξατο. ηʹ. Ἀπαλλοτριώθητε ἐκ μέσου Βαβυλῶνος, καὶ ἀπὸ γῆς Χαλδαίων ἐξέλθατε· καὶ γένεσθε ὥσπερ ἔριφοι κατὰ πρόσωπον προβάτων. Τοὺς ἐρίφους, τράγους ὁ Σύρος ἡρμήνευσε. Παρακελεύεται τοίνυν αὐτοῖς περιγενέσθαι τῶν Βαβυλωνίων, καὶ τὴν ἐνεγ κοῦσαν καταλαβεῖν· διὰ τοῦτο γὰρ αὐτοὺς καὶ τρά γοις ἀπείκασεν· ἰσχυρότεροι γὰρ τῶν προβάτων οἱ τράγοι· οὕτω καὶ ὁ θεσπέσιος Δανιὴλ τὸν μὲν Ἀλέξανδρον εἶδε τράγῳ ἀπεικασθέντα, τὸν δὲ Δαρεῖον κριῷ.","english":"The ten tribes and the two shall receive freedom, and they shall return to that very place, and shall flee to the Lord. \"For an everlasting covenant shall not be forgotten.\" That is, the promise made to their fathers. Then he likens them to lost sheep; he assigns the blame for the loss of the sheep to the shepherds; and he calls shepherds not only the kings but also the priests; and he says also where they prepared them to be led astray. \"They have driven them out upon the mountains; they led them astray, they went from mountain to hill, they forgot their own resting place.\" He calls the sacred precincts of the idols hills and mountains; for in those places they used to worship the idols; and their resting place he calls the divine temple; for from there they had the enjoyment of good things. This, he says, is the error that handed them over to their enemies, in return for the sins they committed against the Lord. 7. A pasture of righteousness to the Lord who gathered their fathers. Thus also the blessed David says: \"But we are his people, and the sheep of his pasture.\" This he says also here: that they were a pasture of righteousness to the Lord, who chose their fathers. 8. Be alienated from the midst of Babylon, and come out from the land of the Chaldeans; and become like young goats before the sheep. The Syriac translated the young goats as he-goats. He exhorts them, therefore, to prevail over the Babylonians and to reach the land that bore them; for this reason he also likened them to he-goats; for he-goats are stronger than sheep; thus also the inspired Daniel saw Alexander likened to a he-goat, and Darius to a ram.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":187,"ref":"p187","source":"Λέγει δὲ καὶ τὸ πλῆθος τῶν ἐπιόντων τῇ Βαβυλῶνι καὶ ὅτι περιέσονται, καὶ τῶν ἠθροισμένων ἐκεῖ ἀγαθῶν ἐμπλησθήσονται. Διδάσκει δὲ καὶ τὴν αἰτίαν, ὧν ὑπομένει κακῶν. ιαʹ, ιβʹ. Ὅτι ηὐφραίνεσθε, καὶ κατεκαυχᾶσθε διαρπάζοντες τὴν κληρονομίαν μου. Καὶ διότι ἐσκιρτᾶτε, ὡς βοΐδια ἐν βοτάνῃ, καὶ ἐκερατίζετε ὡς ταῦροι. Καὶ κατῃσχύνθη ἡ μήτηρ αὐτῶν σφόδρα. Τουτέστι, ἡ Βαβυλών. Κατωρύγη ἡ τεκοῦσα ὑμᾶς μήτηρ εἰς ἀγαθά. Ἀντὶ τοῦ, φροῦδος γεγένηται· τὴν ὑπερβολὴν δὲ τῆς κατα λύσεως τοῦτο δηλοῖ· τοῦτο γὰρ καὶ τὰ ἑξῆς διδάξει. Ἰδοὺ ἐσχάτη ἐθνῶν ἔρημος, καὶ ἄνυδρος. (ιγʹ.) Καὶ ἀπὸ ὀργῆς Κυρίου οὐ κατοικηθήσεται, καὶ ἔσται εἰς ἀφανισμὸν πᾶσα. Λέγει δὲ καὶ τοὺς διοδεύοντας σκυθρωπάζειν μὲν διὰ τὴν τοῦ πάθους ὑπερβολὴν, τῷ δὲ συρίγματι μηνύειν τὴν ἔκπληξιν. Κελεύει δὲ καὶ τοῖς τοξόταις ἀφειδῶς ἀφεῖναι τὰ βέλη, καὶ τῆς ἀσεβείας αὐτῆς ἀπαιτῆσαι δίκας. Τῷ Κυ ρίῳ γὰρ, φησὶν, ἥμαρτε. Προλέγει δὲ καὶ τὴν τῶν Βαβυλωνίων δειλίαν, καὶ τὴν τῶν περιβόλων κατά λυσιν· καὶ ἐπιλέγει τὴν αἰτίαν τῆς συμφορᾶς. Ὅτι ἐκδίκησις παρὰ τοῦ Θεοῦ ἐστιν, ἐκδική σατε αὐτήν· καθὼς ἐποίησεν, οὕτως ποιήσατε αὐτῇ· (ιϛʹ.) Ἐξολοθρεύσατε σπέρματα ἐκ Βα βυλῶνος, κατέχοντα δρέπανον ἐν καιρῷ θερισμοῦ. Ἀντὶ τοῦ, Μὴ μόνους τοὺς στρατευομένους, ἀλλὰ καὶ τοὺς γεωργοῦντας θανάτῳ παράδοτε. Τοῦτο γὰρ καὶ αὐτοὶ δεδράκασι τῷ Ἰσραὴλ πολεμοῦντες. \"Ἀπὸ προσώπου μαχαίρας Ἑλληνικῆς ἕκαστος εἰς τὸν λαὸν αὑτοῦ ἀναστρέψουσι, καὶ ἕκαστος εἰς τὴν γῆν αὑ τοῦ φεύξονται.\" Πρὸ τῆς Βαβυλῶνος, Λυδοὺς ὁ Κῦρος κατεστρέψατο· ὑπέταξε δὲ καὶ Ἴωνας, καὶ Αἰολέας·","english":"He also speaks of the multitude of those who will come against Babylon, and that they shall survive, and shall be filled with the good things gathered there. And he teaches also the cause of the evils which she endures. [Jer 11:12] \"Because you rejoiced and boasted greatly, plundering my inheritance. And because you skipped about like calves in pasture, and butted with your horns like bulls. And your mother was greatly put to shame.\" That is, Babylon. \"The mother who bore you has been dug down into good things\" — meaning, she has become gone and vanished; and this shows the excess of her destruction, for the following words will also teach this. \"Behold, the last of the nations is a desert and waterless.\" [Jer 13] \"And from the wrath of the Lord it shall not be inhabited, and it shall become a desolation, all of it.\" He says also that those who pass through shall be downcast because of the excess of the suffering, and by their hissing shall make known their astonishment. And he commands the archers also to shoot their arrows without sparing, and to exact penalties for her impiety. \"For against the Lord,\" he says, \"she has sinned.\" And he foretells also the cowardice of the Babylonians, and the destruction of their walls; and he adds the cause of the calamity: \"Because vengeance is from God, take vengeance on her; as she has done, so do to her.\" [Jer 16] \"Destroy out of Babylon the seeds that hold a sickle in the time of harvest.\" That is: not only those who serve as soldiers, but also those who farm, hand over to death. For this they themselves also did when they warred against Israel. \"From before the Greek sword each shall turn back to his own people, and each shall flee to his own land.\" Before Babylon, Cyrus subdued the Lydians; and he also subjected the Ionians and the Aeolians.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":188,"ref":"p188","source":"ἐκ δὲ τῆς Ἑλλάδος ἀπῳκίσθησαν οὗτοι, καὶ τὴν Ἀσίαν ᾤκησαν· ἄγων τοίνυν καὶ τούτους ὁ Κῦρος ἐπεστράτευσε τῇ Βαβυλῶνι. Ὁ μέντοι προφητικὸς λόγος οὐ μάτην τῶν Ἑλλήνων ἐμνήσθη· ἀλλὰ διδάσκων, ὡς καὶ τὰ πόῤῥω που κατῳκισμένα ἔθνη θεία ψῆφος κατὰ τῶν Βαβυλωνίων συνήγαγε. ιζʹ. Πρόβατον πλανώμενον Ἰσραήλ. Ἡ περὶ τὰ εἴδωλα πλάνη τῶν κακῶν αὐτῷ γεγένηται πρόξενος. \"Λέοντες ἔξωσαν αὐτόν.\" Τοὺς Ἀσσυρίων βασιλέας οὕτως ὠνόμασεν. \"Ὁ πρῶτος κατέφαγεν αὐτοὺς βασιλεὺς Ἀσσούρ.\" Θεγλαθφαλασὰρ, καὶ Σαλμανα σὰρ, καὶ Σεναχηρείμ· καὶ οὕτως ὕστερος βασιλεὺς Βαβυλῶνος Ναβουχοδονόσορ \"τὰ ὀστᾶ αὐτοῦ\" κατέφαγεν. Ἀντὶ τοῦ, τῶν προπατόρων τὰ λείψανα. Οὗ δὴ χάριν, φησὶ, ποινὴν αὐτοὺς\n\nπράξομαι, καὶ ταῦτα πείσεται, ἃ πέπονθεν ἡ Νινευῒ, ἡ παλαιὰ τῶν Ἀσσυρίων μητρόπολις. Τούτους δὲ τιμωρησάμενος, ἐπανάξω τὸν Ἰσραὴλ εἰς τὴν πατρῴαν γῆν· Βάσαν γὰρ, καὶ Κάρμηλον, καὶ ὄρος Ἐφραῒμ, αὐτὴν καλεῖ. Προλέγει δὲ καὶ τὴν ἐπὶ τὰ κρείττω μετα βολὴν, καὶ τὴν τῆς προτέρας πλάνης ἀπαλλαγήν. Εἶτα \"γῆν παραπικραινόντων\" πάλιν τὴν τῶν Χαλ δαίων καλεῖ· μάχαιραν δὲ τοὺς πολεμίους· καὶ κε λεύει τούτοις κατ' ἐκείνων ὁρμῆσαι, καὶ τὰ παρ' αὐτοῦ κελευόμενα πράξαι. \"Σφύραν δὲ πάσης τῆς γῆς,\" τὴν τῶν Βαβυλωνίων βασιλείαν ὠνόμασεν, ὡς πᾶσι τοῖς ἔθνεσι ἐπενεγκοῦσαν πληγὴν, καὶ τὰς ἄλλας καταλύσασαν βασιλείας. Ἴδιον γάρ ἐστι σφύρας τὸ λεπτύνειν τὰ παρ' αὐτῆς τυπτόμενα. κεʹ, κϛʹ. Ἤνοιξε Κύριος τὸν θησαυρὸν αὑτοῦ, καὶ ἐξήνεγκε τὰ σκεύη τῆς ὀργῆς αὑτοῦ· ὅτι ἔργον ἐστὶ τῷ Θεῷ, καὶ Κυρίῳ τῶν δυνάμεων, ἐν γῇ Χαλδαίων.","english":"But these were deported from Greece and settled Asia; Cyrus therefore led these also and marched against Babylon. Yet the prophetic word did not mention the Greeks in vain, but to teach that nations settled far away were also gathered by divine decree against the Babylonians. 17. Israel is a wandering sheep. The error concerning idols became the cause of his evils. \"Lions drove him out.\" He named the kings of the Assyrians thus. \"The first king of Assyria devoured them\": Tiglath-pileser, and Shalmaneser, and Sennacherib; and thus the later king of Babylon, Nebuchadnezzar, \"devoured his bones\"—that is, the remains of the forefathers. For this reason, he says, I will exact punishment from them, and they shall suffer the same things that Nineveh suffered, the ancient metropolis of the Assyrians. And after punishing these, I will bring Israel back to the land of their fathers; for he calls it Bashan, and Carmel, and the mountain of Ephraim. He foretells also the change for the better and the release from their former error. Then he again calls the land of the Chaldeans \"a land of those who provoke bitterness\"; and the sword, the enemies; and he commands these to rush against those and to carry out what is commanded by him. \"A hammer of all the earth\" he named the kingdom of the Babylonians, as having brought a blow upon all nations and having overthrown the other kingdoms. For it is the property of a hammer to make thin what is struck by it. 25, 26. The Lord has opened his treasury and brought out the vessels of his wrath; for there is work for the Lord, the Lord of hosts, in the land of the Chaldeans.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":189,"ref":"p189","source":"Ὅτι ἐληλύθασιν οἱ καιροὶ αὐτῆς. Σκεύη ὀργῆς τοὺς πολεμίους καλεῖ, ὡς τῇ ὀργῇ ὑπουργοῦντας. Θησαυροὺς δὲ, τὴν τιμωρητικὴν ψῆφον, καιροὺς δὲ αὐτῆς, τὴν τιμωρίαν ἐκάλε σεν. Οὐκέτι γὰρ, φησὶν, ὁ Δεσπότης μακροθυμήσει, ἀλλ' ἀπαιτήσει δίκας τῆς ἀσεβείας. Εἶτα διδάσκων, ὡς αὐτὸς ἐπάγει τὴν τιμωρίαν, παρακελεύεται καὶ τὰς ἀποθήκας ἐρευνῆσαι, καὶ πάντα διαφθεῖραι, καὶ μηδὲ ἴχνος τῆς προτέρας εὐπραξίας καταλιπεῖν. Προλέγει δὲ καὶ τοὺς ἐκεῖθεν ἀποδιδράσκοντας, τῶν Ἰουδαίων τὸ πλῆθος, καὶ τὴν Ἱερουσαλὴμ καταλαμ-βάνοντας, καὶ μηνύοντας τὰ κατειληφότα τὴν Βαβυ λῶνα κακά. Ἔπειτα παρακελευσάμενος αὐτὴν πα θεῖν ἃ δέδρακεν, \"Ἀνταπόδοτε γὰρ αὐτῇ, φησὶ, κατὰ τὰ ἔργα αὐτῆς,\" καὶ τὴν κατ' αὐτοῦ τοῦ Θεοῦ μανίαν ἐπιδείξας, πρὸς αὐτὴν ποιεῖται τοὺς λόγους. λαʹ. Ἰδοὺ ἐγὼ ἐπὶ σὲ, λέγει Κύριος τῶν δυνά μεων, τὴν ὑβρίστριαν. Ἡ τεθεῖσα προσηγορία τὸν κατὰ τοῦ Θεοῦ τύφον αἰνίττεται, καὶ τὴν εἰς πάντας ἀνθρώπους παρανομίαν δηλοῖ. Ὅτι ἥκει ἡμέρα τῆς πτώσεώς σου, καὶ καιρὸς ἐκδικήσεώς σου. (λβʹ.) Καὶ ἀσθενήσει ἡ ὕβρις σου, καὶ πεσεῖται, καὶ οὐκ ἔσται ὁ ἀνιστῶν αὐτήν· καὶ ἀνάψω πῦρ ἐν τῷ δρυμῷ αὐτῆς, καὶ καταφάγεται πάντα τὰ κύκλῳ αὐτῆς. Δρυμὸν τὸ πλῆθος τῶν ἐνοικούντων· \"Τὰ δὲ κύκλῳ,\" τοὺς ὑπηκόους· \"ἀσθένειαν δὲ ὕβρεως,\" τὴν τῆς δυνα στείας κατάλυσιν. Ταῦτα δὲ, φησὶ, πείσονται, ὅτι τὸν ἐμὸν ἐξανδραποδίσαντες λαὸν, ἀποδοῦναι τὴν ἐλευθε ρίαν αὐτοῖς εἰς καιρὸν οὐκ ἠθέλησαν.","english":"For her times have come. He calls the enemies vessels of wrath, as those who serve wrath. And he called the treasuries the punitive decree, and her times the punishment. For no longer, he says, will the Master be long-suffering, but he will exact penalties for impiety. Then, teaching that he himself brings on the punishment, he urges that the storehouses be searched out and everything destroyed, and that not even a trace of former prosperity be left. And he foretells also those who flee from there, the multitude of the Jews, and reach Jerusalem, and report the evils that have overtaken Babylon. Then, having urged that she suffer what she has done—\"For repay her,\" he says, \"according to her works\"—and having shown her madness against God himself, he addresses his words to her. 31. Behold, I am against you, says the Lord of hosts, you arrogant one. The title given hints at her pride against God and makes clear her lawlessness against all people. For the day of your fall has come, and the time of your vengeance. (32.) And your arrogance will grow weak and fall, and there will be no one to raise it up; and I will kindle a fire in her thicket, and it will devour all things around her. By \"thicket\" he means the multitude of the inhabitants; by \"the things around,\" the subjects; by \"the weakness of arrogance,\" the dissolution of her dominion. And these things, he says, they will suffer because, having enslaved my people, they were unwilling to restore their freedom to them in due time.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":190,"ref":"p190","source":"Τούτου δὴ χάριν, ἀπειλεῖ παραδώσειν τοῖς πολεμίοις, καὶ τὴν πόλιν, καὶ τοὺς ἐνοικοῦντας, καὶ τὰ τῆς ψευδολογίας μαντεῖα, καὶ τοὺς ἀριστεύειν ἐν αὐτῇ εἰω θότας, καὶ τοὺς εἰς ἐπικουρίαν αὐτῶν ἀφικομένους, καὶ τοὺς ἀποκειμένους θησαυρούς. Ἀπειλεῖ δὲ καὶ τὸ ὕδωρ αὐτῆς φροῦδον ποιήσειν· ὕδωρ δὲ τροπικῶς τὸ πλῆθος καλεῖ· εἰκὸς δὲ προαγορεύειν καὶ τὰ τῷ ὕδατι συμβησόμενα. Πάλαι γὰρ αὐτὴν μέσην ἔτεμνεν ὁ Εὐφράτης, νῦν δὲ ὁ μὲν ποταμὸς ἐτέτραπτο εἰς ἑτέραν ὁδὸν, σμικροτάτη δὲ διώρυξ διὰ τῶν ἐρειπίων ὁδεύει. Νήσους δὲ καλεῖ τὰς τῆς πόλεως οἰκίας, ὡς κύκλῳ τοὺς περιβόλους ὕδατος περικλύζοντος, καὶ πάλιν ἐν μέσῳ τῆς πόλεως ἐχούσας τὸν ποταμόν. Ἰνδάλματα δὲ τὰς τῶν δαιμόνων φαντασίας κα λεῖ· θυγατέρας δὲ Σειρήνων ὁ Σύρος τοὺς στρουθοκαμήλους ἡρμήνευσε· καὶ δαίμονας δὲ ἔθος οὕτω καλεῖν τῇ θείᾳ Γραφῇ, διὰ τὸ καταθέλγειν καὶ ἐξαπατᾷν τοὺς ἀνθρώπους· καὶ οὗτοι μέντοι κἀκεῖνοι τῆς ἐρημίας σημαντικοί. \"Καὶ οὐκ οἰκοδομηθήσεται ἔτι εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα, καὶ οὐ κατοικηθήσεται ἔτι εἰς γενεὰς καὶ γενεάς.\" Καὶ τετύχηκεν ἀμφό τερα πέρατος· οὔτε γὰρ ᾠκοδομήθη, ἀλλ' ἐστέρηται τῶν περιβόλων μέχρι καὶ τήμερον, καὶ ἐπὶ πλεῖστον ἀοίκητος ἔμεινε· τοῦτο γὰρ εἶπεν \"εἰς γενεὰς καὶ γενεάς.\" Καὶ νῦν δὲ ὀλίγοι τὴν γῆν ταύτην οἰκοῦ σιν Ἰουδαῖοι. Ἀπεικάζει δὲ αὐτὴν Σοδόμοις καὶ Γομόῤῥοις, καὶ διὰ τὴν προτέραν ἀσέβειαν, καὶ διὰ τὴν ἐπενεχθεῖσαν ὕστερον ζημίαν. Ὑποδείκνυσι δὲ καὶ τῶν πολεμίων τὴν πανοπλίαν, καὶ ἐοικέναι φησὶ θαλάσσῃ κυμαινούσῃ· καὶ πυρὶ παραβάλλει","english":"For this reason, he threatens to hand over to the enemies both the city and its inhabitants, and the oracles of falsehood, and those accustomed to excel in it, and those who came to their aid, and the treasures laid up. He threatens also to make its water vanish; and by \"water\" he calls the multitude figuratively; and it is likely that he foretells also what would happen to the water. For long ago the Euphrates cut through its midst, but now the river had been turned to another course, and a very small channel runs through the ruins. He calls the houses of the city \"islands,\" since the walls were washed all around by water encircling them, and again they had the river in the midst of the city. He calls the phantasies of demons \"images\"; and the Syrian interpreted \"daughters of the Sirens\" as ostriches; and it is the custom of divine Scripture to call demons by this name, because they enchant and deceive men; and these, certainly, as well as those, are signs of desolation. \"And it shall not be built again forever, and it shall not be inhabited again for generations and generations.\" And both have reached their end; for it was not built, but it has been deprived of its walls until even today, and for the most part it has remained uninhabited; for this he said, \"for generations and generations.\" And now few Jews inhabit this land. He likens it to Sodom and Gomorrah, both because of the former impiety and because of the destruction brought upon it afterward. He indicates also the full armor of the enemies, and says they are like a tossing sea; and he compares them to fire","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":191,"ref":"p191","source":"προθυ μίαν. Τῶν δὲ Βαβυλωνίων ὑπὸ δειλίας λέγει παρα λυθῆναι τὰς χεῖρας, καὶ τὴν ὀδύνην αὐτῶν ὠδῖσι γυναικὸς ἀπεικάζει. Διδάσκει δὲ καὶ ὡς αὐτὸς στρατ ηγεῖ τῶν Μήδων. \"Ὅτι τίς ὥσπερ ἐγώ· καὶ τίς ἀντιστήσεταί μοι; καὶ τίς οὗτος ποιμὴν, ὃς στήσεται κατὰ πρόσωπόν μου;\" Ἐπειδὴ ποιμὴν τοῦ Ἰσραὴλ ὠνομάζετο, ἐνόμισαν δὲ τῆς Βαβυλῶνος οἱ βασιλεῖς αὐτοῦ περιγενήσεσθαι τοῦ τῶν ὅλων Θεοῦ, διδάσκει, ὡς αὐτὸς αὐτοῖς ἐπάγει τὴν τιμω ρίαν, ἀσύγκριτον ἔχων τὴν δύναμιν. Εἶτα παρακελεύεται καὶ αὐτὰ διαφθεῖραι τὰ ἀρνία τῶν προβά των, καὶ τὴν νομὴν ἀφανίσαι· καλεῖ δὲ ἀρνία τὰ βρέφη, νομὴν δὲ τὴν πόλιν, καὶ τὴν ὑποκειμένην γῆν. Περὶ μέντοι τῶν παιδίων καὶ ὁ μακάριος προ θεσπίζει Δαβίδ· \"Μακάριος γὰρ, φησὶν, ὃς κρατή σει τὰ νήπιά σου, καὶ ἐδαφιεῖ αὐτὰ πρὸς τὴν πέτραν. μϛʹ. Διότι ἀπὸ φωνῆς ἁλώσεως Βαβυλῶνος σει σθήσεται ἡ γῆ, καὶ κραυγὴ αὐτῆς ἐν ἔθνεσιν ἀκουσθήσεται. Ἐπειδὴ γὰρ ἐπίσημος ἦν ἡ πόλις, πάντοσε διέδραμε καὶ τοῦ πάθους ἡ φήμη.","english":"He says that the hands of the Babylonians are paralyzed by cowardice, and he likens their pain to a woman's labor pains. He also teaches that he himself leads the army of the Medes. \"For who is like me? And who will stand against me? And who is this shepherd who will stand before my face?\" Since the shepherd of Israel was named, and the kings of Babylon thought they would prevail over the God of all things, he teaches that he himself brings the punishment upon them, having incomparable power. Then he exhorts them to destroy the very lambs of the flocks and to make the pasture disappear; and he calls the infants lambs, and the pasture the city and the land subject to it. Concerning the little children, moreover, the blessed David also prophesies: \"Blessed is he,\" he says, \"who will seize your little ones and dash them against the rock.\" Because from the sound of the capture of Babylon the earth will be shaken, and her cry will be heard among the nations. For since the city was famous, the report of the calamity spread everywhere.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":192,"ref":"p192","source":"ΚΕΦΑΛΑΙΟΝ ΝΑʹ Εἶτα διαφόροις ὀνόμασι τοὺς πολεμίους καλεῖ· καὶ πρῶτον μὲν ἄνεμον καύσωνα· διαφθείρειν γὰρ οὗτος πέφυκε τὰ φυτά. Εἶτα ὑβριστάς· διὰ τούτου δὲ δηλοῖ τῆς τιμωρίας τὸ δίκαιον. Πείσῃ γὰρ, φησὶν, ὃ πεποίηκας. Τούτοις ἐντειλάμενος ἀφειδῶς κατὰ πάντων χρήσασθαι τῷ θυμῷ, ἐπήγαγε· εʹ· Διότι οὐκ ἐχήρευσεν Ἰσραὴλ καὶ Ἰούδας ἀπὸ τοῦ Θεοῦ αὑτῶν, ἀπὸ Κυρίου παντοκράτορος, ὅτι ἡ γῆ αὐτῶν ἐπλήσθη ἀνομίᾳ, ἀπὸ τῶν ἁγίων Ἰσραήλ. Διὰ τὴν δεισιδαιμονίαν αὐτῶν, καὶ τὴν παρανομίαν περιεῖδον αὐτούς· οὐ γὰρ δὴ παντελῶς αὐτοὺς τῆς ἐμῆς κηδεμονίας ἐγύμνωσα. ζʹ, ηʹ. Ποτήριον χρυσοῦν Βαβυλὼν ἐν χειρὶ Κυρίου, μεθύσκον πᾶσαν τὴν γῆν ἀπὸ τοῦ οἴνου αὑτῆς· ἔπιεν ἔθνη τοῦτο, ἐσαλεύθη ἔθνη. Καὶ ἄφνω ἔπεσε Βαβυλὼν, καὶ συνετρίβη. Καὶ τὸ ἐνύπνιον ἑρμηνεύων ὁ μακάριος Δανιὴλ, τὴν κεφαλὴν τὴν χρυσῆν αὐτὸν εἶπε τὸν Βαβυλώνιον· καὶ ἐνταῦθα τὴν δι' αὐτοῦ τιμωρίαν, τοῖς ἄλλοις ἐπενεχθεῖσαν ἔθνεσι, ποτήριον χρυσοῦν προσ ηγόρευσε. Λέγει τοίνυν, ὅτι καὶ τοῖς ἄλλοις ἔθνεσι τὴν τιμωρίαν ἐπήνεγκε, καὶ ἐξαίφνης αὐτὴ παρὰ πᾶσαν ἐλπίδα ἑάλω, καὶ ἀνάστατος γέγονεν. Εἶτα τοῖς εἰς ἐπικουρίαν ἐληλυθόσιν ἔθνεσι λέγει, \"Θρηνεῖτε αὐτήν· λάβετε ῥητίνην τῇ διαφθορᾷ αὐτῆς, εἰ πως ἰαθήσεται.\" Ἀντὶ τοῦ, προσενέγκατε αὐτῇ τῆς βοηθείας τὰ φάρμακα· κέχρηται δὲ καὶ ἠθοποιίᾳ ὁ προφήτης, καὶ τὴν παρ' ἐκείνων ἀπόκρισιν τίθησιν. θʹ, ιʹ. Ἰατρεύσαμεν αὐτὴν, καὶ οὐκ ἰάθη· ἐγκαταλίπωμεν αὐτὴν, καὶ ἀπέλθωμεν ἕκαστος εἰς τὴν γῆν αὑτοῦ· ὅτι ἤγγικεν εἰς οὐρανὸν τὸ κρῖμα αὐτῆς, καὶ ἐπήρθη ἕως τῶν ἄστρων. Εἰσήνεγκε Κύριος τὸ κρίμα αὐτοῦ.","english":"CHAPTER 51. Then he calls the enemies by various names: first, a scorching wind, for this is naturally destructive to plants; then, insolent men, and by this he makes clear the justice of the punishment. \"For you shall suffer,\" he says, \"what you have done.\" Having commanded these to vent their wrath unsparingly against all, he added: 5. \"Because Israel and Judah have not been bereaved of their God, of the Lord Almighty, because their land was filled with lawlessness, from the Holy One of Israel.\" On account of their superstition and their transgression he overlooked them, for he did not strip them entirely of my care. 7, 8. \"Babylon is a golden cup in the hand of the Lord, making all the earth drunk with her wine; nations drank it, nations were shaken. And suddenly Babylon fell and was shattered.\" Interpreting the dream, the blessed Daniel called the golden head the Babylonian himself; and here too he called the punishment brought through him upon the other nations a golden cup. He says, then, that he brought the punishment upon the other nations as well, and that she herself was suddenly captured beyond all hope and became a ruin. Then he says to the nations that had come to her aid, \"Lament for her; take balm for her destruction, if perhaps she may be healed.\" That is to say, apply to her the medicines of help; and the prophet also employs characterization and sets down the answer from those nations. 9, 10. \"We healed her, and she was not healed; let us leave her and depart, each to his own land; for her judgment has reached to heaven and has been lifted up to the stars. The Lord has brought in his judgment.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":193,"ref":"p193","source":"Τοῦτον τοῦ Βαβυλωνίου τὸν τῦφον καὶ ὁ μακάριος προεθέσπισεν Ἡσαΐας· \"Εἶπε γὰρ, φησὶν, Ἐπάνω τῶν ἄστρων θήσω τὸν θρόνον μου.\" Διδάσκει δὲ σαφέ στερον τὸν ὑπουργοῦντα, καὶ τὸν κελεύοντα. ιαʹ, ιβʹ. Ἤγειρε Κύριος τὸ πνεῦμα βασιλέως Μήδων· ὅτι ἐπὶ Βαβυλῶνα ἡ ὀργὴ αὐτοῦ, τοῦ ἐξολοθρεῦσαι αὐτήν· ὅτι ἐκδίκησις Κυρίου ἐστὶν, ἐκδίκησις ναοῦ αὑτοῦ, ἐπὶ τειχῶν Βαβυλῶνος. Ἃ τετόλμηκε κατὰ τοῦ ναοῦ, τοῖς τῆς Βαβυλῶνος περιβόλοις ἐπάξω. Εἶτα εἰρωνικῶς τοῖς Βαβυλωνίοις παρακελεύεται, καὶ φύλακας ἐπιστῆσαι τοῖς τείχεσι, καὶ τούτους διεγεῖραι, καὶ εὐτρεπίσαι τὰ ὅπλα· καὶ διδάσκων, ὡς οὐδὲν αὐτοῖς ὄφελος ἐντεῦ θεν γενήσεται, ἐπήγαγε· \"Καὶ ποιήσει Κύριος ὅσα ἐλάλησεν ἐπὶ τοὺς κατοικοῦντας Βαβυλῶνα.\" Προ ηγόρευσε γὰρ διὰ τῶν προφητῶν τὴν ταύτης κατάλυσιν. \"Κατὰ δὲ τοῦ βραχίονος\" τὸν Θεὸν ὀμωμοκέναι λέγει, ἀντὶ τοῦ, κατὰ τῆς ἑαυτοῦ δυνάμεως· τοῦτο γὰρ ἐπήγαγεν· ιεʹ, ιϛʹ. Ποιῶν γῆν ἐν τῇ ἰσχύϊ αὑτοῦ· ἑτοιμά ζων τὴν οἰκουμένην ἐν τῇ σοφίᾳ αὑτοῦ· ἐν τῇ συνέσει αὑτοῦ ἐξέτεινε τὸν οὐρανόν. Εἰς φωνὴν ἤχους αὐτοῦ ἔθετο πλῆθος ὕδατος ἐν","english":"The blessed Isaiah also foretold this arrogance of the Babylonian: \"For he said,\" he says, \"I will set my throne above the stars.\" But he teaches more clearly who it is that serves and who it is that commands. 11, 12. The Lord has stirred up the spirit of the king of the Medes, because his wrath is against Babylon, to destroy it; because it is the vengeance of the Lord, the vengeance of his temple, against the walls of Babylon. What they dared against the temple, I will bring upon the circuits of Babylon. Then ironically he urges the Babylonians both to set guards on the walls and to rouse them and to make ready their weapons; and teaching that no benefit will come to them from this, he added: \"And the Lord will do whatever he spoke against those who dwell in Babylon.\" For he foretold through the prophets the destruction of that city. \"By his arm\" he says God has sworn, meaning by his own power; for this he added: 15, 16. Making the earth by his strength, preparing the world by his wisdom, by his understanding he stretched out the heaven. At the sound of his voice he set a multitude of water in","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":194,"ref":"p194","source":"οὐρανῷ, καὶ ἀνήγαγε νεφέλας ἐξ ἐσχάτου τῆς γῆς· ἀστραπὰς εἰς ὑετὸν ἐποίησεν· ἐξήγαγε φῶς ἐκ θησαυρῶν αὑτοῦ. Καὶ τὰ τῆς δημιουργίας τέ θεικεν, καὶ τὰ τῆς προμηθείας· οὐ γὰρ μόνον πε ποίηκε τὰ σύμπαντα, ἀλλὰ καὶ διατελεῖ κυβερνῶν. Τὸ \"εἰς φωνὴν ἤχους αὐτοῦ ἔθετο πλῆθος ὕδατος ἐν οὐρα νῷ,\" διδάσκει τὸν διὰ τῶν νεφελῶν τῆς βροντῆς ἐπιτελούμενον κτύπον. Παρατίθησι δὲ τῇ θεολογίᾳ τὴν τῶν δαιμόνων ἀσθένειαν· καὶ δείκνυσιν αὐτὰ τῆς τῶν χρυσοχόων δεόμενα τέχνης, καὶ ὅτι ὑπ' ἄλλων γινό μενα, οὐδὲ τοῖς ἀλόγοις ζώοις ἀναπνεῖν ὁμοίως ἰσχύει. Προλέγει δὲ αὐτῶν καὶ τὴν παῦλαν. Ἐν καιρῷ γὰρ, φησὶν, ἐπισκοπῆς ἀπολοῦν ται. (ιθʹ.) Οὐ τοιαύτη ἡ μερὶς τῷ Ἰακὼβ, ὅτι ὁ πλάσας τὰ πάντα αὐτός ἐστι μερὶς αὐτοῦ καὶ Ἰσραὴλ ῥάβδος κληρονομίας αὐτοῦ· Κύριος τῶν δυνάμεων ὄνομα αὐτῷ. Τῆς Βαβυλῶ νος ἐκεῖνοι θεοὶ, τοῦ δὲ Ἰσραὴλ ὁ τῶν ἁπάντων ποιη τής. Εἰκότως τοίνυν οἱ μὲν καταλύονται, οἱ δὲ ἐπανέρχονται. κʹ. Διασκορπίζεις σύ μοι σκεύη πολέμου, καὶ διασκορπιῶ ἔθνη ἐν σοί. Τοῦτο ὁ Σύρος ἡρμή νευσεν, \"Ἑτοίμασόν μοι σκεύη πολέμου.\" Κατὰ μέντοι τὴν ἑλληνικὴν ἑρμηνείαν, οὕτω νοητέον· Ἐπειδὴ τοῖς ὅπλοις σου κατὰ τοῦ ἐμοῦ ἐχρήσω λαοῦ, καὶ βέλη καὶ δόρατα κατὰ τούτων ἠκόντισας, κἀγὼ διασκορπιῶ ἔθνη ἐν σοί. Τοῦτο γὰρ λέγει· Σκορπίσας σκεδάσω κἀγὼ τὰ εἰς ἐπικουρίαν σου ἐληλυ θότα ἔθνη, καὶ τοὺς ἵππους, καὶ τοὺς τούτων ἀναβά τας, καὶ πᾶσαν ἡλικίαν, καὶ γένος ἑκάτερον, καὶ ἄρχοντας, καὶ ἀρχομένους, καὶ ποιμαίνοντας, καὶ γεωργοῦντας. Καὶ ταῦτα πείσεσθε, ὑπὲρ ὧν κατὰ τῆς Σιὼν ἐτολμήσατε. κεʹ.","english":"in heaven, and he brought up clouds from the end of the earth; he made lightnings for rain; he brought forth light from his treasuries. And he has set forth both the works of creation and the works of providence; for he not only made all things, but also continues to govern them. The phrase \"at the sound of his voice he set a multitude of water in heaven\" teaches the crash of thunder accomplished through the clouds. And he sets alongside the theology the weakness of the demons, and shows that they themselves need the craft of the goldsmiths, and that being made by others, they are not even able to breathe like irrational animals. And he foretells their cessation. For in the time, he says, of visitation they shall perish. (19.) Not such is the portion of Jacob, because the one who formed all things is himself his portion, and Israel is the rod of his inheritance; the Lord of hosts is his name. Those are the gods of Babylon, but the God of Israel is the maker of all things. Reasonably, then, the former are destroyed, while the latter return. 20. You scatter for me instruments of war, and I will scatter nations in you. The Syrian translated this as, \"Prepare for me instruments of war.\" According to the Greek translation, however, it must be understood thus: Since you used your weapons against my people, and shot arrows and spears against them, I too will scatter nations in you. For this is what he says: Having scattered, I will also disperse the nations that came to your aid, and the horses, and those who ride them, and every age, and each sex, and rulers, and subjects, and shepherds, and farmers. And these things you shall suffer, for the sake of which you dared to act against Zion. 25.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":195,"ref":"p195","source":"Ἰδοὺ ἐγὼ πρὸς σὲ, τὸ ὄρος τὸ διεφθαρμένον, λέγει Κύριος, τὸ διαφθεῖρον πᾶσαν τὴν γῆν. Ὄρος αὐτὴν καλεῖ διὰ τὸ περιφανὲς τῆς δυνα στείας, διεφθαρμένον δὲ διὰ τὸ δυσσεβὲς καὶ παρά νομον. \"Καὶ ἐκτενῶ τὴν χεῖρά μου ἐπὶ σὲ, καὶ κατακυλιῶ σε ἀπὸ τῶν πετρῶν.\" Τουτέστι, ταπεινήν σε δείξω. \"Καὶ δώσω σε εἰς ὄρος ἐμπεπυρισμένον,\" ἀντὶ τοῦ, ἄχρηστον παντελῶς· καὶ τοῦτο δηλοῖ τὰ ἑξῆς. κϛʹ. Καὶ οὐ μὴ λάβωσιν ἀπὸ σοῦ λίθον εἰς γωνίαν, καὶ λίθον εἰς θεμέλιον, ὅτι εἰς ἀφανισμὸν ἔσῃ εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα, λέγει Κύριος. Οὔτε βασιλέα, οὔτε ἄρχοντα ἐκ τῶν νέων οἰκητόρων ἐχειροτόνησαν· οἱ μὲν γὰρ θεμέλιοι τὴν οἰκοδομὴν φέ ρουσιν, αἱ δὲ γωνίαι συνάπτουσιν. κζʹ. Ἄρατε σημεῖον ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς, σαλπίσατε σάλπιγγι ἐν ἔθνεσιν· ἁγιάσατε ἐπ' αὐτὴν ἔθνη. Ἀντὶ τοῦ ἀφορίσατε. Παραγγείλατε ἐπ' αὐτὴν βασιλείαις Ἀραρὰτ παρ' ἐμοῦ, καὶ τοῖς Ἀσχαναζαίοις. Ἀραρὰτ τὴν Ἀρμενίαν καλεῖ· Ἀσχαναζαῖοι δὲ, ἔθνος ἕτερον ἐκείνοις πελάζον. Τούτους δὲ πάντας ὁ Περσῶν καὶ Μήδων συνήγαγε βασιλεύς· τοῦτο γὰρ ἐπάγει· κηʹ. Ἁγιάσατε ἐπ' αὐτὴν ἔθνη· τὸν βασιλέα τῶν Μήδων, καὶ ἡγουμένους αὐτοῦ, καὶ πάντας τοὺς στρατηγοὺς αὐτοῦ. Λέγει δὲ καὶ τὴν γῆν σει σθῆναι. κθʹ. Διότι ἐξανέστη ἐπὶ Βαβυλῶνα λογισμὸς Κυρίου, τοῦ θεῖναι τὴν γῆν Βαβυλῶνος εἰς ἀφα νισμὸν, τοῦ μὴ κατοικεῖσθαι αὐτήν. Προλέγει καὶ τὴν πολιορκίαν, καὶ τὴν ἀσθένειαν τῶν ἔνδοθεν πολεμούντων, καὶ τὸν τῆς πόλεως ἐμπρησμὸν, καὶ τοὺς τῷ βασιλεῖ τὴν ταύτης μηνύοντας ἅλωσιν. Ἀπεικάζει καὶ ἅλῳ λεπτυνθείσῃ, καὶ ἀμητῷ ὡρίμῳ, τῶν οἰκιῶν τὴν κατάλυσιν.","english":"Behold, I am against you, the corrupted mountain, says the Lord, the one corrupting all the earth. He calls it a mountain because of the conspicuousness of its dominion, and corrupted because of its impiety and lawlessness. \"And I will stretch out my hand against you, and I will roll you down from the rocks.\" That is, I will show you to be lowly. \"And I will give you as a mountain set on fire,\" instead of, wholly useless; and what follows makes this clear. 26. And they shall not take from you a stone for a corner, and a stone for a foundation, because you shall be for desolation forever, says the Lord. They appointed neither a king nor a ruler from the new inhabitants; for the foundations bear the building, and the corners join it together. 27. Lift up a sign on the earth, sound a trumpet among the nations; sanctify nations against her. Instead of, set them apart. Give command against her to the kingdoms of Ararat from me, and to the Ashkenazim. He calls Ararat Armenia; and the Ashkenazim are another nation bordering on them. But all these the king of the Persians and Medes gathered together; for this is what he adds: 28. Sanctify nations against her: the king of the Medes, and his leaders, and all his generals. He says also that the earth will be shaken. 29. Because a thought of the Lord has risen up against Babylon, to make the land of Babylon a desolation, so that it not be inhabited. He foretells both the siege, and the weakness of those fighting within, and the burning of the city, and those who report its capture to the king. He likens also to a thinned-out nail, and to ripe harvest, the destruction of the houses.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":196,"ref":"p196","source":"Τίθησι καὶ τῆς Ἱερουσαλὴμ τὰ ῥήματα, ἃ περὶ τοῦ Βαβυλωνίων ἔλεγε βα σιλέως. λδʹ. Ἐμερίσατό με, κατέφαγέ με, κατέλαβέ με ὡς σκότος λεπτὸν, Ναβουχοδονόσορ βασιλεὺς Βαβυλῶνος. Ὁ λεπτότατος ἀὴρ μᾶλλον τῶν ἡμετέρων καθικνεῖται σωμάτων. Λέγει τοίνυν, ὅτι Τὸ σκότος τῆς συμφορᾶς καὶ αὐτά μου τῆς ψυχῆς ἐπλήρωσε τὰ μέλη. \"Κατέστησέ με ὡς σκεῦος κενὸν, καὶ κατέπιέ με ὡς δράκων· ἐνέπλησε τὴν κοιλίαν αὑτοῦ ἀπὸ τῆς τρυφῆς μου.\" Πάντων, φησὶν, ἐγύμνωσέ με τῶν ἀγαθῶν, καὶ δρά κοντα ἐμιμήσατο στρουθῶν νεοττοὺς καταπιόντα, πάντα μου τὸν πλοῦτον λαβὼν, καὶ τῆς εὐπραξίας γυμνώσας. Διδάσκει δὲ, ὡς αἱ παρανομίαι αὐτῆς καὶ αὐτὴν ἀσθενῆ, κἀκεῖνον ἀπέφηναν ἰσχυρόν. λεʹ. Ἔξωσάν με οἱ μόχθοι μου, καὶ αἱ\n\nταλαιπωρίαι μου εἰς Βαβυλῶνα, ἐρεῖ κατοικοῦσα Σιών· καὶ τὸ αἷμά μου, ἐπὶ τοὺς κατοικοῦντας Χαλδαίαν, ἐρεῖ Ἱερουσαλήμ. Ἐκδικηθήσεται, φησὶ, τὸ αἷμά μου παρ' αὐτῶν, καὶ δίκας τίσουσιν ὧν παρηνόμησαν εἰς ἐμέ. Οὕτω τὰ περὶ τῆς Ἱερουσαλὴμ ὁ προφήτης δείκνυσι, καὶ τὴν παρὰ τοῦ Θεοῦ ἐξενεχθεῖσαν δι καίαν ψῆφον. λϛʹ. Διὰ τοῦτο τάδε λέγει Κύριος· Ἰδοὺ ἐγὼ κρινῶ τὸν ἀντίδικόν σου, καὶ ἐκδικήσω τὴν ἐκδίκησίν σου. Ἐπειδὴ ἔγνως τὴν ἀπὸ τῆς ἁμαρτίας ἐγγιγνομένην βλάβην. \"Καὶ ἐρημώσω τὴν θάλασσαν αὐτῆς.\" Τουτέστι, τὸ πλῆθος τῶν ὑπηκόων. \"Καὶ ξηρανῶ τὴν πηγὴν αὐτῆς.\" Τὴν βασιλείαν, καὶ τὴν κατὰ πάν των δυναστείαν. Εἶτα λέγει καὶ τὰ τῆς ἐρημίας ἴδια, περὶ ὧν πολλάκις εἰρήκαμεν· \"Οὐ κατοικηθήσεται δὲ ἐπὶ τὸ αὐτό.\" Ὀλίγας γὰρ ἔχει νῦν οἰκίας, καὶ ταύτας ἐσκεδασμένας.","english":"He also sets down the words of Jerusalem, which he spoke concerning the king of the Babylonians. 34. He has divided me, he has devoured me, he has overtaken me like thin darkness, Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon. The finest air more than our bodies penetrates. He says, then, that the darkness of the calamity filled even the members of my soul. \"He set me as an empty vessel, and he swallowed me like a dragon; he filled his belly from my luxury.\" He stripped me, he says, of all good things, and imitated a dragon swallowing the nestlings of sparrows, taking all my wealth and stripping me of prosperity. He teaches that her lawless deeds made both her weak and him strong. 35. My labors and my miseries shall thrust me out to Babylon, the inhabitant of Zion shall say; and my blood, against the inhabitants of Chaldea, Jerusalem shall say. My blood, he says, shall be avenged on them, and they shall pay the penalty for the crimes they committed against me. Thus the prophet shows the things concerning Jerusalem, and the just verdict brought forth by God. 36. Therefore thus says the Lord: Behold, I will judge your adversary, and I will avenge your vengeance. Since you have known the harm that comes from sin. \"And I will make her sea a desert.\" That is, the multitude of her subjects. \"And I will dry up her spring.\" Her kingdom, and her dominion over all. Then he also speaks of the things proper to the desolation, about which we have often spoken: \"It shall not be inhabited in the same place.\" For it has few houses now, and these scattered.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":197,"ref":"p197","source":"Ἀπεικάσας δὲ λέουσι τοὺς ἀριστέας αὐτῆς, προλέγει αὐτῶν τήν τε δειλίαν, καὶ τὸν ὄλεθρον. λθʹ, μʹ. Δώσω γὰρ, φησὶ, πότημα αὐτοῖς, καὶ με θύσω αὐτοὺς, ὅπως καρωθῶσι, καὶ ὑπνώσωσιν ὕπνον αἰώνιον, καὶ οὐ μὴ διεγερθῶσι, λέγει Κύριος. Καὶ καταβιβάσω αὐτοὺς ὡς ἄρνας εἰς σφαγὴν, καὶ ὡς κριοὺς μετ' ἐρίφων. Τούς τε ἄρχοντας καὶ ἀρχομένους, καὶ μετὰ τοῦ βα σιλέως τοὺς ὑπηκόους· ἄρνας γὰρ καὶ ἐρίφους τοὺς ὑπηκόους ἐκάλεσε, κριοὺς δὲ τοὺς ἄρχοντας. μαʹ. Πῶς ἑάλω Σεσὰχ, καὶ ἐθηρεύθη τὸ καύ χημα πάσης τῆς γῆς; Αὐτὴν οὕτω καλεῖ τὴν Βαβυ λῶνα. Καὶ γὰρ τὸν ταύτης βασιλέα Σεσὰχ ἐν τοῖς πρόσθεν ἑρμηνευομένοις προσηγόρευσε. Εἰκὸς δὲ αὐτὴν οὕτως ὀνομασθῆναι πάλαι, μετονομασθῆναι δὲ Βαβυλῶνα. Ὅτι γὰρ τὴν πόλιν οὕτω καλεῖ, τὰ ἐπαγόμενα μαρτυρεῖ. \"Πῶς ἐγένετο Βαβυλὼν εἰς ἀφανισμὸν ἐν πᾶσι τοῖς ἔθνεσι;\" Δείκνυσι καὶ τῶν ἐπιστρατευσάντων τὸ πλῆθος. μβʹ. Ἀνέβη ἐπὶ Βαβυλῶνα ἡ θάλασσα· ἐν ἤχῳ κυμάτων αὐτῆς κατελήφθη. Εἶτα προαγο ρεύσας τὴν ἐρημίαν, πάλιν εἰς μέσον φέρει τὸν Βήλ. μδʹ. Ἐκδικήσω γὰρ, φησὶν, ἐπὶ τὸν Βὴλ ἐν Βαβυλῶνι, καὶ ἐξοίσω ἃ κατέπιεν ἐκ τοῦ στόμα τος αὐτοῦ· καὶ οὐ μὴ συναχθῶσι πρὸς αὐ τὸν ἔτι τὰ ἔθνη. Μέμνηται καὶ ὁ Δανιὴλ τῆς προσφερομένης αὐτῷ τροφῆς, καὶ ὅπως ταύτην οἱ ἱερεῖς κατηνάλισκον. Προλέγει δὲ ὁ προφητικὸς λόγος καὶ τῆς πλάνης τὴν παῦλαν· ψυχαγωγεῖ δὲ καὶ τὸν λαὸν, καὶ παρακελεύεται μὴ δεῖσαι τὰ ἐπερχόμενα τῇ Βαβυλῶνι κακὰ, καὶ διδάσκει ὡς πρὸ πολλοῦ ταῦτα μεμήνυται. μϛʹ. Εἰσελεύσεται γὰρ ἐν τῷ αὐτῷ ἐνιαυτῷ ἡ ἀκοὴ, καὶ μετ' αὐτὸν ἐν τῷ ἐνιαυτῷ ἡ ἀκοὴ καὶ ἡ ἀδικία ἐν τῇ γῇ.","english":"Having likened her champions to lions, he foretells both their cowardice and their destruction. 39, 40. For I will give them, he says, a draught, and I will make them drunk, so that they may be stupefied and sleep an eternal sleep, and they shall not awake, says the Lord. And I will bring them down like lambs to the slaughter, and like rams with young goats. Both rulers and subjects, and with the king his subjects; for he called the subjects lambs and young goats, but the rulers rams. 41. How is Sheshach taken, and the pride of all the earth hunted? It is Babylon itself that he so calls. For in the earlier interpretations he also named its king Sheshach. It is likely that it was so named long ago, and was renamed Babylon. For that he calls the city thus, what follows bears witness: \"How has Babylon become a desolation among all the nations?\" He also shows the multitude of those who marched against it. 42. The sea has come up upon Babylon; by the roar of its waves it was overwhelmed. Then, having foretold the desolation, he again brings Bel into the midst. 44. For I will take vengeance, he says, upon Bel in Babylon, and I will bring out what he swallowed from his mouth; and the nations shall no more be gathered to him. Daniel also mentions the food offered to him, and how the priests consumed it. The prophetic word foretells also the cessation of the error; and it comforts the people, and exhorts them not to fear the evils coming upon Babylon, and teaches that these things were proclaimed long beforehand. 46. For the report will come in the same year, and after it in the next year the report and the iniquity in the land.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":198,"ref":"p198","source":"Καὶ ἐξουσιαστὴς ἐπὶ ἐξουσιαστὴν, καὶ παραβολὴ ἐπὶ παραβολήν. Πρὸ γὰρ ἑνὸς καὶ δύο ἐνιαυτῶν τῆς ἐφόδου τῶν πο λεμίων μηνυομένης, ἐπέμειναν ἀδικοῦντες καὶ συνήθως παρανομοῦντες. Διά τοι τοῦτο καὶ τοῖς προσκυνουμένοις γλυπτοῖς, καὶ τοῖς προσκυνοῦσιν αὐτὰ, τὸν ὄλεθρον ἀπειλεῖ, καὶ τὴν κτίσιν πᾶσαν ἐπὶ τῇ πανωλεθρίᾳ ταύτης εὐφραίνεσθαι λέγει· διδάσκει δὲ καὶ τῆς τιμωρίας τὸ δίκαιον. μθʹ. Καὶ μέντοι ἐν Βαβυλῶνι, τοῦ πεσεῖν τραυ ματίας Ἰσραὴλ ἐν αὐτῇ. Καὶ τῆς οὖν Βαβυλῶνος πεσοῦνται τραυματίαι ὑπὸ πάσης τῆς γῆς· ἃ γὰρ εἰς τὸν Ἰσραὴλ εἰργάσατο, ὑφ' ἑτέρων πείσεται. νʹ. Ἀνασωζόμενοι ἐκ γῆς, πορεύεσθε, καὶ μὴ ἵστασθε· μνήσθητε, οἱ μακρόθεν, τοῦ Κυρίου. Τοῖς αἰχμαλωτευθεῖσιν Ἰουδαίοις ταῦτα λέγει. \"Καὶ Ἱερουσαλὴμ ἀναβήτω ἐπὶ τὴν καρδίαν ὑμῶν.\" Τῆς ἀνακειμένης τῷ Θεῷ μὴ ἐπιλάθησθε πόλεως. Εἶτα ἐκ προσώπου ἐκείνων· ναʹ. Ἠσχύνθημεν, ὅτι ἠκούσαμεν ὀνειδισμὸν ἡμῶν. Κατεκάλυψεν ἀτιμία τὸ πρόσωπον ἡμῶν. Εἰσῆλθον ἀλλογενεῖς εἰς τὰ ἅγια ἡμῶν, εἰς οἶκον Κυρίου. Οὕτω τούτων ἀποδυρομένων, ὁ Δεσπότης ἔφη· νβʹ, νγʹ. Ἰδοὺ ἡμέραι ἔρχονται, λέγει Κύριος, καὶ ἐκδικήσω ἐπὶ τὰ γλυπτὰ αὐτῆς, καὶ ἐπὶ πάσῃ τῇ γῇ αὐτῆς πεσοῦνται τραυματίαι. Ὅτι ἐὰν ἀναβῇ Βαβυλὼν ὡς ὁ οὐρανὸς, καὶ ἐὰν ὀχυρώσῃ ὕψος τῆς ἰσχύος αὑτῆς, παρ' ἐμοῦ ἥξουσιν ἐξολοθρεύοντες αὐτὴν, λέγει Κύριος. Περιβόλους εἶχε μεγίστους, καὶ λίαν ὑψηλούς· διδάσκει τοίνυν ὁ Δεσπότης Θεὸς, ὡς οὐδεμίαν ὄνησιν ἐκεῖθεν καρπώσονται,","english":"And ruler upon ruler, and parable upon parable. For when the invasion of the enemies was announced one and two years beforehand, they persisted in doing injustice and in transgressing the law as was their custom. For this reason he threatens destruction both upon the carved idols that are worshipped and upon those who worship them, and he says that all creation rejoices at their utter destruction; and he also teaches the justice of the punishment. 49. And indeed in Babylon, that Israel fell wounded in her. And so Babylon's wounded shall fall by all the earth; for what she did to Israel, she shall suffer from others. 50. Being saved from the land, go, and do not stand still; remember, you who are far off, the Lord. He says these things to the Jews who were taken captive. \"And let Jerusalem come up upon your heart.\" Do not forget the city that is consecrated to God. Then in their person: 51. We were ashamed, because we heard our reproach. Dishonor has covered our face. Foreigners entered our holy places, into the house of the Lord. When they had thus lamented, the Master said: 52, 53. Behold, days are coming, says the Lord, and I will take vengeance upon her carved idols, and in all her land they shall fall wounded. For even if Babylon ascend like the heaven, and even if she fortify the height of her strength, from me they shall come destroying her, says the Lord. She had very great enclosures, and exceedingly high; therefore the Master God teaches that they will reap no benefit from there,","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":199,"ref":"p199","source":"αὐτοῦ κατ' αὐτῶν τὴν ψῆφον ἐκφέροντος. Συνάπτει δὲ τῇ θείᾳ ψήφῳ τὸ ἔργον, καί φησι· νδʹ, νεʹ. Φωνὴ κραυγῆς ἐν Βαβυλῶνι, καὶ συν τριβὴ μεγάλη ἐν γῇ Χαλδαίων. Ὅτι ἐξωλόθρευσε Κύριος τὴν Βαβυλῶνα, καὶ ἀπώλεσεν ἐξ αὐτῆς φωνὴν ἠχοῦσαν ὡς ὕδατα πολλά. Τὸ πλῆθος τῶν οἰκητόρων διὰ τούτων δεδήλωκεν· καὶ οὐδὲν, φησὶν, ἀπώνατο τῶν τόξων, οὔτε τῶν δοράτων, τοῦ Θεοῦ δίκας αὐτὴν πραττομένου. Πρὸς γὰρ τοῖς στρατηγοῖς, καὶ τοῖς ἀριστεῦσι, \"Καὶ τὸ μέγιστον τεῖχος αὐτῆς κατασκαφήσεται, καὶ αἱ ὑψηλαὶ πύλαι πυρὸς γενήσονται παρανάλωμα.\" Οὕτω ταῦτα προειρηκὼς, διδάσκει, ὡς τήνδε τὴν πρόῤῥησιν ἔγρα ψεν ἐν τῷ τετάρτῳ τῆς Σεδεκίου βασιλείας, τοῦ Θεοῦ τοῦτο προστάξαντος· καὶ τὸ βιβλίον ἔδωκε τῷ. Σαραίᾳ, ὃς εἰς τὴν Βαβυλῶνα παρὰ Σεδεκίου ἐπέμφθη· καὶ ὡς τοῦτο παρηγγύησεν ἀναγνῶναι τὸ βιβλίον ἐν Βαβυλῶνι, καὶ εἰπεῖν· ξβʹ. Κύριε, σὺ ἐλάλησας ἐπὶ τὸν τόπον τοῦτον, τοῦ ἐξολοθρεῦσαι αὐτὸν, καὶ τοῦ μὴ εἶναι ἐν αὐτῷ κατοικοῦντα, ἀπὸ ἀνθρώπου ἕως κτήνους, ὅτι ἀφανισμὸς εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα ἔσται. Ταῦτα δὲ, ἔφη, προσευξάμενος, καὶ λίθῳ τὸ βιβλίον προσδήσας, ῥίψον εἰς τὸν Εὐφράτην, καὶ ἐρεῖς· ξδʹ. Οὕτως καταδύσεται Βαβυλὼν, καὶ οὐ μὴ ἀναστῇ ἀπὸ προσώπου τῶν κακῶν, ὧν ἐγὼ ἐπάγω ἐπ' αὐτήν. Τοῦτο δὲ εἰς ψυχαγωγίαν τῶν αἰχμαλώ των γενέσθαι προσέταξεν ὁ Δεσπότης· ἵνα μαθόντες καὶ ταύτης τὴν ἅλωσιν, καὶ τὴν οἰκείαν ἐλευθερίαν, παραψυχὴν ἔχωσι τῶν ἀγαθῶν τὴν ἐλπίδα. Ἡ μὲν οὖν προφητεία ἐντεῦθεν ἔσχε τὸ τέλος.","english":"when he himself pronounces the verdict against them. And to the divine verdict he joins the deed, and says: 54, 55. A sound of a cry in Babylon, and great destruction in the land of the Chaldeans. Because the Lord has utterly destroyed Babylon, and has destroyed from it the sound echoing like many waters. By these words he has indicated the multitude of its inhabitants; and nothing, he says, did they profit from their bows, nor from their spears, since God was exacting punishment from her. For besides the generals and the foremost warriors, \"And its greatest wall shall be dug down, and its lofty gates shall become a consumption for fire.\" Having thus foretold these things, he teaches that he wrote this prediction in the fourth year of Zedekiah's reign, God having commanded this; and he gave the book to Seraiah, who was sent by Zedekiah to Babylon; and that he enjoined him to read the book in Babylon, and to say: 62. Lord, you have spoken against this place, to destroy it, and that there be no one dwelling in it, from man to beast, because it shall be a desolation forever. And these things, he said, having prayed, and having tied the book to a stone, cast it into the Euphrates, and you shall say: 64. Thus shall Babylon sink, and shall not rise again from before the evils which I am bringing upon her. And the Master commanded this to be for the consolation of the captives; so that, having learned both of her capture and of their own freedom, they might have the hope of good things as their comfort. The prophecy, then, had its end from this point.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":200,"ref":"p200","source":"ΚΕΦΑΛ. ΝΒʹ.\n\nἹστορικώτερον δὲ διέξεισι τὰ ἑξῆς· καὶ διδάσκων, ὅπως τε ἐβασίλευσεν ὁ Σεδεκίας, καὶ ὅτι παρανο μῶν διετέλεσε· καὶ ὡς ἐν τῷ ἐννάτῳ ἔτει τῆς βα σιλείας αὐτοῦ ἐπεστράτευσε Ναβουχοδονόσορ, καὶ τὴν Ἱερουσαλὴμ πολιορκῶν διετέλεσε μέχρις ἑν δεκάτου ἔτους, ἕτερον ἔξωθεν ἐγείρας περίβολον ἀπὸ λίθων μεγίστων· καὶ ὅπως ὁ λιμὸς τοὺς ἔνδον τῶν πολεμίων χαλεπώτερον κατειργάζετο. Διηγεῖται δὲ, ὡς τοῦ τείχους πεσόντος νύκτωρ ἀπέδρασαν οἱ δυ νατοὶ σὺν τῷ βασιλεῖ, καὶ ὡς οἱ Χαλδαῖοι διώξαντες συνέλαβόν τε αὐτοὺς, καὶ ἀπήγαγον εἰς Δεβλαθὰ, καὶ παρέστησαν τῷ Ναβουχοδονόσορ· ὁ δὲ διελέγξας ἐπὶ τῇ τῶν ὅρκων παραβάσει τὸν Σεδεκίαν, πρῶτον μὲν ἀνεῖλε τοὺς υἱοὺς αὐτοῦ, εἶτα τοὺς ἄρχοντας· καὶ ὅτι μετὰ τὴν πικρὰν ἐκείνην θεωρίαν, τοῦ βασι λέως τοὺς ὀφθαλμοὺς ἐξορύξας, καὶ πέδας αὐτῷ παραθεὶς, ἀπήγαγέ τε εἰς Βαβυλῶνα, καὶ μύλωνι παρέδωκε. Διδάσκει τε καὶ ὅπως Ναβουζαρδὰν ὑπὸ τοῦ Ναβουχοδονόσορ ἀποσταλεὶς, καὶ τὸν θεῖον νεὼν ἐνέπρησε, καὶ πρὸς τούτῳ τὰ βασίλεια, καὶ τὰς λαμ πρὰς τῆς πόλεως οἰκίας, καὶ τοὺς περιβόλους τοῦ ἄστεως ἐκ βάθρων ἀνέσπασεν· ἀπήγαγε δὲ καὶ ἅπαντας τοὺς λοιποὺς εἰς Δεβλαθὰ, ὀλίγους τινὰς τῶν πενήτων καταλιπὼν, ὥστε τὴν γῆν γεωργεῖν. Καὶ τοὺς στύλους τοὺς χαλκοῦς τοὺς παμμεγέθεις, οὓς Σολομὼν κατεσκευάκει, καὶ τὴν θάλασσαν τὴν χαλ κῆν χωνεύσας, ἀπεκόμισεν εἰς Βαβυλῶνα, καὶ τοὺς ποδιστῆρας, καὶ τοὺς ἀναληπτῆρας· τοὺς δὲ ποδιστῆρας ὁ Σύρος νιπτῆρας ποδῶν ἡρμήνευσε. Καὶ τὰ ἄλλα δὲ σκεύη μετὰ τούτων ἀπήνεγκε. Σαπφὼθ δὲ τοὺς ὀβελίσκους καλεῖ·","english":"CHAPTER 52\n\nHe relates the subsequent events in a more historical manner, teaching both how Zedekiah reigned and that he continued transgressing the law; and how in the ninth year of his reign Nebuchadnezzar campaigned against him and continued besieging Jerusalem until the eleventh year, having raised another outer wall from very large stones; and how famine wore down those inside more harshly than the enemies. He narrates also how, when the wall fell, the mighty men fled by night with the king, and how the Chaldeans pursued and captured them, and led them away to Deblatha and brought them before Nebuchadnezzar; and he, having convicted Zedekiah of breaking his oaths, first put his sons to death, then the rulers; and that after that bitter sight, having gouged out the king's eyes and put fetters on him, he led him away to Babylon and handed him over to the mill. He teaches also how Nebuzaradan, sent by Nebuchadnezzar, both set fire to the divine temple and, in addition to this, the palace, and the splendid houses of the city, and tore up the walls of the city from their foundations; and he led away all the rest to Deblatha, leaving a few of the poor so as to farm the land. And the huge bronze pillars which Solomon had constructed, and the bronze sea, he melted down and carried off to Babylon, along with the footstools and the lifters; the Syrian interpreted the footstools as foot-washers. And the other vessels too he carried away with these. Sapphoth calls them obelisks.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":201,"ref":"p201","source":"διδάσκει δὲ, ὅπως καὶ τὸν πρῶτον ἱερέα, καὶ τὸν δεύτερον, καὶ τοὺς μετὰ τούτων ἀπαχθέντας ἀνεῖλε τῶν Βαβυλωνίων ὁ βασιλεύς· λέγει τε καὶ τῶν ἀπαχθέντων αἰχμαλώτων τὸν ἀριθμόν· πρὸς δὲ τούτοις ἐξηγεῖται, ὅπως μετὰ τὰ ἑπτὰ καὶ τριάκοντα ἔτη τῆς Ἰεχονίου αἰχμαλωσίας· αὐτὸν γὰρ Ἰωακεὶμ ὀνομάζει· Ἀϊλὰδ Μαροδὰκ βασιλεὺς τοῦτον αὐτὸν τὸν Ἰεχονίαν τῆς εἱρκτῆς ἠλευθέ ρωσε, καὶ μεταδοὺς εὐμενείας, ἠξίωσε θρόνων βασι λικῶν, καὶ πρὸ τῶν ἄλλων αὐτὸν βασιλέα καθῆσθαι προσέταξε, καὶ ὁμοδίαιτον εἶχεν, ἀφθόνως αὐτῷ χορηγῶν τὴν τῶν ἀναγκαίων ἀπόλαυσιν. Καὶ τοῦτο δὲ\n\nτὴν τοῦ Δεσπότου φιλανθρωπίαν κηρύττει. Κολά ζων γὰρ ἐλεεῖ, καὶ παιδείαν ἐπάγων ψυχαγωγεῖ, καὶ τοῦ δικαίου τὴν ψῆφον τῇ φιλανθρωπίᾳ κιρνᾷ. Ἡμεῖς τοίνυν τῆς κρίσεως τὸ δίκαιον δείσωμεν, καὶ τῇ φιλ ανθρωπίᾳ θαῤῥοῦντες, μὴ ἀπαγορεύσωμεν τὴν σω τηρίαν· ἀλλὰ τὸν θεῖον προσμείνωμεν ἔλεον, καὶ τὴν εὐθεῖαν πορείαν ὁδεύωμεν, ἵνα τὸ μακάριον κατα λάβωμεν τέλος, ἐν Χριστῷ Ἰησοῦ τῷ Κυρίῳ ἡμῶν, μεθ' οὗ τῷ Πατρὶ ἡμῶν ἡ δόξα, σὺν τῷ παναγίῳ Πνεύματι, νῦν καὶ ἀεῖ, καὶ εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας τῶν αἰώνων. Ἀμήν.","english":"He teaches also how the king of the Babylonians put to death both the first high priest and the second, and those who were led away with them; and he states also the number of the captives who were led away. In addition to these things, he explains how, after the thirty-seven years of the captivity of Jeconiah—for he names him Jehoiakim—Evil-merodach the king freed this same Jeconiah from prison, and having shown him kindness, deemed him worthy of a royal throne, and commanded that he sit as king before the others, and kept him as a table companion, generously supplying him with the enjoyment of necessities. And this too\n\nproclaims the loving-kindness of the Master. For in punishing he shows mercy, and in bringing discipline he refreshes the soul, and he mingles the verdict of justice with loving-kindness. Let us, then, fear the justice of the judgment, and trusting in his loving-kindness, let us not despair of salvation; but let us await the divine mercy, and let us walk the straight path, so that we may attain the blessed end, in Christ Jesus our Lord, with whom be glory to our Father, together with the all-holy Spirit, now and always, and unto the ages of ages. Amen.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":202,"ref":"p202","source":"ΤΟΜΟΣ ΙΑʹ. ΒΑΡΟΥΧ.\n\nΚΕΦΑΛΑΙΟΝ. Αʹ.\n\nὉ θαυμάσιος Βαροὺχ συναπῆρε μὲν εἰς Αἴγυπτον τοῖς πεφευγόσιν Ἰουδαίοις· τοῦτο γὰρ ἐν τοῖς πρό σθεν ἐδιδάχθημεν· μετὰ πέντε μέντοι ἔτη τοῦ ἁλῶναι τὴν πόλιν, τὴν Βαβυλῶνα κατέλαβε. Πᾶσαν γὰρ εἰσ έφερον σπουδὴν τῆς εὐσεβείας οἱ τρόφιμοι, ὥστε τοὺς ἀσθενεῖς ἐπερείδειν, καὶ πρὸς τὴν ἀλήθειαν ποδηγεῖν. Ἀφικόμενος τοίνυν εἰς τὴν Βαβυλῶνα, τοῦ θείου Ἱερεμίου τὴν προφητείαν ὑπανέγνω πᾶσι τοῖς αἰχμαλώτοις, καὶ μέντοι καὶ τῷ Ἰεχονίᾳ, ὃς ὀλίγον βασιλεύσας χρόνον ἐγένετο δορυάλωτος· καὶ οὐ διήμαρτε τοῦ σκοποῦ. Εἰς αἴσθησιν γὰρ αὐτοὺς ἤνεγκε τῶν προτέρων ἁμαρτημάτων, ὡς καὶ γνῶναι τῆς συμφορᾶς τὴν αἰτίαν, καὶ δάκρυα προχέαι πολλὰ, καὶ χρήματα εἰσενεγκεῖν ἕκαστον, καὶ ταῦτα ἀπο στεῖλαι τοῖς ὑπολειφθεῖσιν ἱερεῦσιν εἰς Ἱερουσαλὴμ, ὥστε ἱερεῖα πρίασθαι, καὶ ταῦτα θῦσαι, καὶ τὸν Δεσπότην Θεὸν ἱλεώσασθαι. Τὸ γὰρ μάννα θυσίαν οἱ Ἑβραῖοι καλοῦσι. Αἰτοῦσι δὲ ζωὴν, καὶ τῷ Ναβουχοδονόσορ, καὶ τῷ Βαλτάσαρ τῷ υἱῷ αὐτοῦ. Οὕτω καὶ ὁ θεῖος Ἀπόστολος ὑπὲρ τῶν ἔτι πολεμούντων τῇ εὐσεβείᾳ βασιλέων, καὶ τῶν ἐν ὑπεροχῇ καὶ ἐξουσίᾳ ὄντων, ἐνομοθέτησεν εὔχεσθαι. Τοσαύτη συμφωνία τῶν παλαιῶν πρὸς τὰ νέα. Αἰτοῦσι δὲ καὶ αὐτοὶ δου λεύειν ἠναγκασμένοι φωτισθῆναι τοὺς ὀφθαλμοὺς, ἵνα μή τινα ὑπομένωσι πλάνην. Ἀναμιμνήσκουσι δὲ καὶ τῶν οἰκείων ἁμαρτημάτων, καὶ τῆς ψήφου τῆς θείας ὁμολογοῦσι τὸ δίκαιον. Παρακαλοῦσι δὲ καὶ αὐτὴν αὐτῶν ἀναγνωσθῆναι τῷ Θεῷ τὴν ἐπιστολὴν ἐν ταῖς λαμπραῖς ἑορταῖς. ιεʹ. ιϛʹ.","english":"VOLUME 11. BARUCH.\n\nCHAPTER 1.\n\nThe admirable Baruch went up together with the Jews who had fled into Egypt; for this we were taught in the preceding. After five years, however, from the capture of the city, he reached Babylon. For the nurslings brought every zeal for piety, so as to support the weak and guide them to the truth. Having arrived, therefore, in Babylon, he read aloud the prophecy of the divine Jeremiah to all the captives, and indeed also to Jeconiah, who, having reigned a short time, became a captive of war; and he did not miss his aim. For he brought them to a perception of their former sins, so that they both recognized the cause of their misfortune, and poured out many tears, and each contributed money, and sent these things to the priests left behind in Jerusalem, so as to buy sacrifices, and to sacrifice them, and to propitiate the Master God. For the Hebrews call manna a sacrifice. And they ask for life, both for Nebuchadnezzar and for Belshazzar his son. Thus also the divine Apostle legislated that prayer be made for kings who still war against piety, and for those who are in preeminence and authority. So great is the agreement of the old with the new. And they themselves, compelled to serve, ask that their eyes be enlightened, so that they may not endure any error. And they call to mind also their own sins, and they confess the justice of the divine verdict. And they entreat that this letter of theirs be read before God in the splendid festivals. 15. 16.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":203,"ref":"p203","source":"Καὶ ἐρεῖτε, φησὶ, Τῷ κυρίῳ Θεῷ ἡμῶν ἡ δικαιοσύνη, ἡμῖν δὲ ἡ αἰσχύνη τοῦ προσώπου ἡμῶν, ὡς ἡ ἡμέρα αὕτη ἀνθρώπῳ Ἰούδα, καὶ τοῖς κατοικοῦσιν Ἱερουσαλὴμ, καὶ τοῖς ἄρ χουσιν ἡμῶν, καὶ τοῖς ἱερεῦσιν ἡμῶν, ἐναντίον Κυρίου. Δικαιοτάτη, φησὶν, ἡ καθ' ἡμῶν ἐξενεχθεῖσα τοῦ Θεοῦ ψῆφος· ἡμεῖς δὲ αἰσχύνης ἄξιοι, κοινῇ πάντες παρανομήσαντες. Μετὰ γὰρ τῶν βασιλέων, καὶ οἱ ἱερεῖς τὴν ἐναντίαν ἐτρέποντο. ιζʹ, ιηʹ. Ὅτι ἠπιστήσαμεν αὐτῷ. Καὶ οὐκ ἠκούσαμεν τῆς φωνῆς Κυρίου Θεοῦ ἡμῶν, πορεύεσθαι τοῖς προστάγμασι Κυρίου, οἷς ἔδωκε κατὰ πρόσωπον ἡμῶν. Ἀναμιμνήσκονται δὲ καὶ τῶν παλαιῶν. ιθʹ. Ἐξ οὗ γὰρ τῆς Αἰγυπτίων δουλείας ἠλευθερώθησαν οἱ πατέρες ἡμῶν, μέχρι τοῦ παρ όντος, παραβαίνοντες τὸν θεῖον διετελέσαμεν νόμον· καὶ ἐσχεδιάζομεν πρὸς τὸ μὴ ἀκούειν τῆς φωνῆς αὐτοῦ. Τὸ δὲ \"ἐσχεδιάζομεν,\" ἀντὶ τοῦ, \"καὶ ἐπενοοῦμεν ἁμαρτημάτων εἴδη·\" τοὺς τοιούτους καὶ ὁ μακάριος Παῦλος ἐφευρετὰς καλεῖ κακῶν· ἐδρεψάμεθα δὲ, φησὶ, τοὺς τῶν ἁμαρτημά των καρπούς. κʹ. Ἐκολλήθη γὰρ εἰς ἡμᾶς τὰ κακὰ, καὶ ἡ ἀρὰ, ἣν συνέταξε Κύριος τῷ Μωσεῖ τῷ παιδὶ αὑτοῦ. Περιέχει καὶ τὰς ἀρὰς, καὶ τὰς εὐλογίας ὁ νόμος· τοῖς μὲν φυλάσσουσι τὰς εὐλογίας, τοῖς δὲ παραβαίνουσι τὰς ἀράς.","english":"And you shall say, he says, To the Lord our God belongs righteousness, but to us the shame of our face, as this day, to the man of Judah, and to those who dwell in Jerusalem, and to our rulers, and to our priests, before the Lord. Most just, he says, is the verdict of God brought against us; but we are worthy of shame, all having transgressed in common. For along with the kings, the priests also turned to the opposite course. 17, 18. Because we disbelieved him. And we did not hear the voice of the Lord our God, to walk in the commandments of the Lord, which he gave before our face. But they also call to mind the ancient things. 19. For from the time when our fathers were freed from the slavery of the Egyptians, until the present, we have continued transgressing the divine law; and we devised plans so as not to hear his voice. And \"we devised plans\" is instead of \"and we invented kinds of sins\"; such men the blessed Paul also calls inventors of evils; and we have plucked, he says, the fruits of our sins. 20. For the evils clung to us, and the curse, which the Lord appointed for Moses his servant. The law contains both the curses and the blessings: blessings for those who keep it, but curses for those who transgress.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":204,"ref":"p204","source":"ΚΕΦΑΛΑΙΟΝ Βʹ.\n\nΛέγουσι δὲ, ὅπως καὶ τῶν προφητῶν κατεφρό νουν ὑπὸ τοῦ Θεοῦ πρὸς αὐτοὺς πεμπομένων, καὶ ὅτι τὰ προῤῥηθέντα ὑπ' ἐκείνων τετύχηκε πέ ρατος. βʹ. Καὶ ἤγαγε, φησὶν, ἐφ' ἡμᾶς κακὰ μεγάλα, ἃ οὐκ ἐποιήθη ὑποκάτω παντὸς τοῦ οὐρανοῦ, καθὰ ἐποίησεν ἐν Ἱερουσαλήμ. Καὶ διδάσκοντες, ὡς καὶ ταῦτα προεῤῥέθη, ἐπήγαγον· \"Κατὰ τὰ γεγραμμένα ἐν τῷ νόμῳ Μωσοῦ.\" γʹ. Τοῦ φαγεῖν ἄνθρωπον υἱοῦ αὐτοῦ σάρ κας, καὶ ἄνθρωπον σάρκας θυγατρὸς αὑτοῦ. Ἡ γὰρ πολιορκία κατεσκεύασε τὸν λιμόν· ὁ δὲ ἀνθρωπείων σωμάτων μεταλαβεῖν κατηνάγκασεν. Ἐγενόμεθα, φησὶν, ἐπίχαρτοι καὶ τοῖς γειτονεύουσιν ἔθνεσι. εʹ. Καὶ ἐγενήθημεν ὑποκάτω καὶ οὐκ ἐπάνω, τουτέστι δοῦλοι καὶ οὐ δεσπόται. Εἶτα τὴν αἰτίαν ἐπιφέρουσιν, \"Ὅτι ἡμαρτήκαμεν Κυρίῳ τῷ Θεῷ ἡμῶν, πρὸς τὸ μὴ ὑπακούειν τῆς φωνῆς αὐτοῦ.\" Πάλιν τῇ θείᾳ ψήφῳ τὸ δίκαιον ἀπονείμαντες, σφίσιν αὐτοῖς ἀπονέμουσι τὴν αἰσχύνην. Πολλάκις γὰρ ἀπειλήσαντι τῷ Θεῷ, καὶ ταῦτα διὰ τῶν προ φητῶν προθεσπίσαντι, οὐχ ἥξαμεν πρὸς τὸν Αἰώνιον ἐν ταῖς ἡμέραις ἡμῶν, ἀλλ' ἀντιτείνοντες διετελέσαμεν. θʹ. Καὶ ἐγρηγόρησε Κύριος ἐπὶ τοῖς κακοῖς οἷς ἐπήγαγεν ἐφ' ἡμᾶς. \"Ἐγρήγορσιν Θεοῦ\" τὴν τιμωρίαν καλεῖ. Τὴν γὰρ μακροθυμίαν αὐτοῦ ὕπνον ἔθος τῇ θείᾳ Γραφῇ καλεῖν. Πάλιν μέντοι μνημονεύ σαντες τῆς τιμωρίας, δίκαιον ὀνομάζουσι τὸν Δεσπό την. Παραβάντας γὰρ, καὶ ἰαθῆναι μὴ βουληθέντας, ἐκόλασεν. Εἶτα ποτνιώμενοι ἀντιβολοῦσι, καὶ ἀναμιμνήσκουσι τῆς παλαιᾶς ἐλευθερίας, ἧς ἔτυχον οἱ πατέρες αὐτῶν, τῆς πικρᾶς τῶν Αἰγυπτίων ἀπαλλα γέντες δουλείας. Ἀναμιμνήσκουσι δὲ καὶ τῶν γεγε νημένων θαυμάτων.","english":"CHAPTER 2\n\nThey say this to show how they also despised the prophets when they were sent to them by God, and that the things foretold by them reached their fulfillment. 2. And he brought, he says, great evils upon us, such as were not done under the whole heaven, as he did in Jerusalem. And teaching that these things too were foretold, they added: \"According to what is written in the law of Moses.\" 3. To eat a man the flesh of his son, and a man the flesh of his daughter. For the siege produced the famine, and it compelled them to partake of human bodies. We became, he says, a laughingstock also to the neighboring nations. 5. And we became beneath and not above, that is, slaves and not masters. Then they add the cause: \"Because we sinned against the Lord our God, so as not to obey his voice.\" Again, having assigned righteousness to the divine vote, they assign shame to themselves. For often, though God threatened, and foretold these things through the prophets, we did not come to the Eternal in our days, but continued resisting. 9. And the Lord watched over the evils which he brought upon us. He calls the punishment a \"watching\" of God. For the divine Scripture is accustomed to call his long-suffering a sleep. Yet again, remembering the punishment, they call the Master righteous. For those who transgressed and were unwilling to be healed, he chastised. Then, lamenting, they entreat and remind him of the ancient freedom which their fathers obtained, when they were released from the bitter slavery of the Egyptians. And they remind him also of the wonders that had come to pass.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":205,"ref":"p205","source":"Προφέρουσι δὲ καὶ τὰς οἰκείας πλημμελείας, καὶ βοῶσιν· ιβʹ. Ἡμάρτομεν, ἠσεβήσαμεν, ἠδικήσαμεν, Κύριε ὁ Θεὸς ἡμῶν, ἐν πᾶσι τοῖς δικαιώμασί σου. Πᾶσάν σου, φησὶ, παρέβημεν ἐντολὴν, πάντα πεπατήκαμεν νόμον. ιγʹ. Ἀποστραφήτω ὁ θυμός σου ἀφ' ἡμῶν, ὅτι κατελείφθημεν ὀλίγοι ἀπὸ πολλῶν, ἐν τοῖς ἔθνεσιν, οὗ διέσπειρας ἡμᾶς ἐκεῖ. Ὁμολογοῦμεν τῆς τιμωρίας τὸ δίκαιον. Στῆναι δὲ ταύτην ἀντιβο λοῦμεν· εἰς ὀλίγους γὰρ περιέστημεν οἱ πάλαι τῇ ψάμμῳ παραβαλλόμενοι. ιδʹ. Εἰσάκουσον, Κύριε, τῆς προσευχῆς ἡμῶν, καὶ τῆς δεήσεως ἡμῶν, καὶ ἐξελοῦ ἡμᾶς ἕνεκέν σου. Οὐχ ἡμεῖς ἄξιοι, ἀλλὰ σὺ φιλάνθρωπος· χρηματίζομεν δὲ καὶ σὸς λαός· διά τοι τοῦτο φειδοῦς ἀπολαύσομεν. \"Καὶ δὸς ἡμῖν χάριν κατὰ πρόσωπον τῶν ἀποικισάντων ἡμᾶς.\" Ἵνα μὴ μισήσωσιν, ἀλλ' ἐάσωσιν. ιεʹ. Ἵνα γνῷ πᾶσα ἡ γῆ, ὅτι σὺ εἶ Κύριος ὁ Θεὸς ἡμῶν, καὶ ὅτι τὸ ὄνομά σου ἐπεκλήθη ἐπὶ Ἰσραὴλ καὶ τὸ γένος αὐτοῦ. Ἡ μεταβολὴ τῶν ἡμετέρων κακῶν πρόφασις εὐσεβείας τοῖς ἄλλοις γενήσεται. Μαθήσονται γάρ σου τοῦ ἡμετέρου Θεοῦ τὴν ἰσχύν. ιϛʹ. Κύριε, κάτιδε ἐκ τοῦ οἴκου τοῦ ἁγίου σου, καὶ ἐννόησον εἰς ἡμᾶς. \"Οἶκον ἅγιον\" τὸν ἐν Ἱεροσολύμοις καλεῖ· ἐν ἐκείνῳ γὰρ τὴν οἰκείαν ἐπι φάνειαν ἐποιεῖτο. Κλῖνον, Κύριε, τὸ οὖς σου, καὶ ἄκουσον ιζʹ. Ἄνοιξον τοὺς ὀφθαλμούς σου, καὶ ἴδε. Εἰώθασιν οἱ χαλεπαίνοντες μύειν τοὺς ὀφθαλμοὺς, ὅταν οἱ ἠδικηκότες ὀφθῶσι, καὶ τὰς κόρας ἀπο στρέφειν τῶν ἡμαρτηκότων παρακαλούντων· ἀνθρω πίνως τοίνυν ταῦτα τεθείκασιν. Οὐ γὰρ σύνθετον τὸ θεῖον, ἀλλ' ἁπλοῦν καὶ ἀπερίγραφον.","english":"They also bring forward their own transgressions and cry out: 12. We have sinned, we have acted impiously, we have done wrong, O Lord our God, in all your ordinances. We have transgressed, he says, every commandment of yours, we have trampled on every law. 13. Let your wrath be turned away from us, because we have been left few out of many, among the nations where you scattered us. We acknowledge that the punishment is just. But we entreat that it be stopped; for we who were once compared to the sand have been reduced to a few. 14. Hear, O Lord, our prayer and our supplication, and deliver us for your own sake. It is not we who are worthy, but you who are loving toward humanity; and we are called your people; for this reason therefore we shall enjoy sparing. \"And give us favor in the sight of those who deported us.\" So that they may not hate us, but may let us go. 15. So that all the earth may know that you are the Lord our God, and that your name has been invoked upon Israel and his race. The change of our evils will become a cause of piety for others. For they will learn the strength of you, our God. 16. O Lord, look down from your holy house, and consider us. He calls the house in Jerusalem \"holy house\"; for in that place he made his own manifestation. Incline, O Lord, your ear, and hear 17. Open your eyes, and see. Those who are angry are accustomed to close their eyes when those who have done wrong are seen, and to turn away their pupils when those who have sinned entreat them; therefore they have set these things down in a human way. For the divine is not composite, but simple and uncircumscribed.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":206,"ref":"p206","source":"Τούτοις προστιθέασιν \"Ὅτι οὐχ οἱ τεθνεῶτες ὑμνεῖν σε πεφύκασιν.\" Ἀλλ' ἴδιον τοῦτο τῶν ζώντων. ιηʹ Ψυχὴ γὰρ ἡ λυπουμένη ἐπὶ τὸ μέγεθος βαδίζει· πνεῦμα κύπτον καὶ ἀσθενοῦν, καὶ ὀφθαλ μοὶ οἱ ἐκλείποντες, καὶ ἡ ψυχὴ ἡ πεινῶσα, δώ σουσί σοι δόξαν καὶ δικαιοσύνην, Κύριε. Οἱ μεγί σταις περιπεσόντες συμφοραῖς, καὶ ἐν ἀπογνώσει τῶν κρειττόνων γενόμενοι· εἶτά τινος μεταβολῆς ἀπολαύσαντες, τὴν σὴν γνησίως ἀνυμνοῦσι φιλαν θρωπίαν. Εἶτα λέγουσιν· ιθʹ. Ὅτι οὔτε ταῖς τῶν πατέρων, οὔτε ταῖς ἡμετέραις δικαιοσύναις θαῤῥοῦντες, οἴκτου τινὸς ἀντιβολοῦμεν τυχεῖν. Ἄξιοι γὰρ ἡμεῖς τῶν διὰ τῶν προφητῶν ἀπειληθέντων\n\nκακῶν· οὗτοι γὰρ ἡμῖν παρῄνουν τὴν ὑπὸ τῆς δικαίας σου κρίσεως δέξα σθαι παιδείαν, καὶ δουλεῦσαι τῷ βασιλεῖ Βαβυλῶνος· καὶ διετελέσαμεν ἀντιλέγοντες. Καὶ πεπλήρωκας Δέσποτα, ὅσα δι' ἐκείνων προείρηκας. Καὶ οὐ μόνον ἡμεῖς οἱ ζῶντες παρεδόθημεν δουλείᾳ· ἀλλὰ καὶ τῶν πατέρων ἡμῶν οἱ τάφοι, καὶ μέντοι καὶ τῶν βασι λέων, ἀνεσπάσθησαν ἐκ βάθρων, ὡς τὰ ἐκείνων ὀστᾶ ὕπαιθρα ἐῤῥῖφθαι, καὶ ταῖς ἐναντίαις τοῦ ἀέρος μεταβολαῖς διαφθείρεσθαι. κεʹ. Καὶ ἀπεθάνοσαν ἐν πόνοις πονηροῖς, ἐν λιμῷ, καὶ ἐν ῥομφαίᾳ, καὶ ἐν ἀποστολῇ. Οὐ μόνον δὲ ἡμᾶς λιμῷ, καὶ σφαγῇ, καὶ δουλείᾳ παρέδωκας· ἀποστολὴν γὰρ τὴν αἰχμαλωσίαν καλεῖ· ἀλλὰ καὶ τὸν ἅγιόν σου νεὼν, τὸν διὰ τὸ σὸν ὄνομα γεγενημέ νον περιφανῆ καὶ περίβλεπτον, ἀπέφηνας ἔρημον. Καὶ ταῦτα μέντοι οὐ πρὸς ἀξίαν τῆς ἡμετέρας ἀσε βείας ἐπήγαγες, ἀλλ' ἐκέρασας φιλανθρωπίᾳ τὸ δίκαιον. κζʹ.","english":"To these they add: \"For the dead are not by nature inclined to hymn you.\" But this is proper to the living. 18. For the soul that is grieved walks toward greatness; a spirit bowed down and weak, and eyes that fail, and the soul that hungers—these will give you glory and righteousness, O Lord. Those who have fallen into the greatest calamities, and have come to despair of better things, and then have enjoyed some change, genuinely hymn your love for humanity. Then they say: 19. For trusting neither in the righteousness of our fathers nor in our own, we entreat to obtain some pity. For we are worthy of the evils threatened through the prophets; for they advised us to accept the discipline of your righteous judgment, and to serve the king of Babylon; and we continued to contradict. And you have fulfilled, O Master, all that you foretold through them. And not only were we, the living, handed over to slavery, but also the tombs of our fathers, and indeed also of the kings, were torn up from their foundations, so that their bones were cast out under the open sky, and corrupted by the opposing changes of the air. 25. And they died in evil pains, in famine, and by the sword, and in deportation. And not only did you hand us over to famine, and slaughter, and slavery—for he calls captivity a deportation—but you also made your holy temple, which had become renowned and conspicuous for your name, desolate. And yet you brought these things upon us not according to the worth of our impiety, but you tempered justice with love for humanity. 27.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":207,"ref":"p207","source":"Ἐποίησας γὰρ, φησὶν, εἰς ἡμᾶς, Κύριε ὁ Θεὸς ἡμῶν, πᾶσαν ἐπιείκειάν σου, καὶ πάντα οἰκτιρμόν σου τὸν μέγαν. Ἀναμιμνήσκουσι δὲ καὶ τῶν ἐν τῷ νόμῳ γεγραμμένων ἀπειλῶν· διαφερόν τως γὰρ ἐν τῇ ᾠδῇ τὰ συμβησόμενα αὐτοῖς προεῖπε κακά· \"Ὀδόντας θηρίων ἀποστελῶ εἰς αὐτούς.\" Καὶ διδάσκων, ὡς τοὺς πολεμίους θῆρας καλεῖ, ἐπ ήγαγεν· \"Ἔξωθεν ἀτεκνώσει αὐτοὺς μάχαιρα, καὶ ἐκ τῶν ταμείων φόβος.\" Καὶ πάλιν, \"Δια σπερῶ αὐτούς·\" τούτων ἀναμιμνήσκουσι τῶν ἀπει λῶν· ἀναμιμνήσκουσι δὲ καὶ τῶν ἀγαθῶν ὑποσχέ σεως. Εἶπας γὰρ, φησὶ, μεταμελομένοις ὀρέξειν τὸν ἔλεον, καὶ τῆς αἰχμαλωσίας ἐλευθερώσειν, καὶ τὴν προτέραν ἀποδώσειν ἐλευθερίαν.\n\nΚΕΦΑΛΑΙΟΝ. Γʹ.\n\nαʹ. Κύριε παντοκράτωρ ὁ Θεὸς τοῦ Ἰσραήλ· ψυχὴ ἐν στενοῖς, καὶ πνεῦμα ἀκηδιῶν κέκραγε πρὸς σέ. Τὴν ὑπερβολὴν, φησὶ, βλέπω τῶν συμ φορῶν, καὶ τῆς ἀθυμίας τὸ μέγεθος. \"Ἄκουσον, Κύριε, καὶ ἐλέησον, ὅτι Θεὸς ἐλεήμων εἶ· καὶ ἐλέησον, ὅτι ἡμάρτομεν ἐναντίον σου.\" Πέλαγος ἔχεις φιλανθρωπίας, ἄβυσσον ἔχεις ἐλέου, ὄρεξον τοῦτον τοῖς δεομένοις· τοῖς γὰρ ἡμαρτηκόσι καὶ μεταμελουμένοις ἁρμόττει ὁ ἔλεος. γʹ. Ὅτι σὺ καθήμενος τὸν αἰῶνα, καὶ ἡμεῖς ἀπολλύμενοι τὸν αἰῶνα. Σὺ, φησὶν, αἰώνιος, ἡμεῖς δὲ πρόσκαιροι· σὺ ἀΐδιος καὶ ἀνώλεθρος· ἡμῶν δὲ ὁ βίος μικρῷ μέτρῳ μετρεῖται. Τὸ καθήμενος εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα, εἰς τοῦτο τέθεικεν. δʹ. Κύριε παντοκράτωρ ὁ Θεὸς τοῦ Ἰσραήλ· ἄκουσον δὴ τῆς προσευχῆς τῶν τεθνηκότων Ἰσραήλ. Ἔδειξεν ὁ λόγος σαφῶς τῆς ψυχῆς τὸ ἀθάνατον.","english":"For you have shown, he says, toward us, O Lord our God, all your forbearance and all your great compassion. And they recall also the threats written in the law; for in the song he foretold distinctly the evils that would befall them: \"I will send the teeth of beasts against them.\" And teaching that he calls the enemies beasts, he added: \"Outside the sword shall bereave them, and from their storehouses fear.\" And again, \"I will scatter them.\" These threats they recall; and they recall also the promise of good things. For you said, he says, that you would extend mercy to those who repent, and free them from captivity, and restore their former freedom.\n\nCHAPTER 3.\n\n1. O Lord Almighty, the God of Israel: a soul in distress, and a spirit fainting, has cried out to you. I see, he says, the excess of the calamities, and the greatness of the despondency. \"Hear, O Lord, and have mercy, for you are a merciful God; and have mercy, for we have sinned before you.\" You have a sea of loving-kindness, you have an abyss of mercy; extend it to those who need it; for mercy is fitting for those who have sinned and repented. 3. For you sit for ever, and we perish for ever. You, he says, are eternal, but we are transient; you are everlasting and imperishable; but our life is measured by a small measure. The phrase \"sitting for ever\" he has set down to this effect. 4. O Lord Almighty, the God of Israel: hear now the prayer of the dead of Israel. The word has shown clearly the immortality of the soul.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":208,"ref":"p208","source":"\"Καὶ τῶν υἱῶν, τῶν ἡμαρτηκότων ἐναντίον σου.\" Σὺ, φησὶν, εἶπας, \"Τῶν φαγόντων τὸν ὄμφακα αἱμωδιάσουσιν οἱ ὀδόντες.\" Εἰς τὰ μειράκια τοίνυν ἀπόβλεψαι τὰ ἁμαρτίας ἐλεύθερα, καὶ μὴ μνησθῇς τῶν πατρῴων ἁμαρτημάτων. \"Ἀλλὰ μνή σθητι τῆς χειρός σου, καὶ τοῦ ὀνόματός σου ἐν τῷ καιρῷ τούτῳ.\" Τῇ συνήθει, φησὶ, χρῆσαι θαυματουργίᾳ, καὶ ὡς ἐξήγαγες ἐξ Αἰγύπτου, οὕτως ἐλευθέρωσον ἐκ Βαβυλῶνος. ϛʹ. Ὅτι σὺ εἶ Κύριος ὁ Θεὸς ἡμῶν. Ὅτι σὺ εἶ ὁ αὐτὸς, καὶ οὐκ ἠλλοίωσαι· τὴν αὐτὴν ἔχεις δύναμιν, τὴν αὐτὴν φιλανθρωπίαν. Αἰνέσομέν σε, Κύριε, (ζʹ.) ὅτι διὰ τοῦτο ἔδωκας τὸν φόβον σου ἐπὶ καρδίαν ἡμῶν, τοῦ ἐπικληθῆναι τὸ ὄνομά σου. Ἔδειξε τῆς τιμωρίας τὴν ὄνησιν· παιδευθέντες γὰρ, φησὶν, ἐπεστράφημεν, \"Καὶ αἰνέσομέν σε ἐν τῇ ἀποικίᾳ ἡμῶν· ὅτι ἀπεστρέψαμεν ἐπὶ καρδίαν ἡμῶν πᾶσαν ἀδικίαν πατέ ρων ἡμῶν, τῶν ἡμαρτηκότων ἐναντίον σου.\" Οὐχ ἑπόμεθα, φησὶ, τοῖς πατράσιν, οὐδὲ τὴν ἐκείνων παιδείαν ὁδεύομεν, ἀλλὰ τοῖς σοῖς ἀκολουθοῦμεν νόμοις. Βλέπε τοίνυν ἡμῶν τὰ ὀνείδη, καὶ τὴν χαλε πὴν δουλείαν, ἣν ὑπομένομεν διά τε τὴν ἡμετέραν ἀσέβειαν, καὶ τὴν πατρῴαν παρανομίαν. Ταύτην ὁ θαυμάσιος Βαροὺχ τὴν προσευχὴν τοῦ λαοῦ ἐν τεθεικὼς τῷ συγγράμματι, τίθησι καὶ τὴν θείαν ἀπόκρισιν. θʹ–ιαʹ. Ἄκουε, Ἰσραὴλ,","english":"And of the sons, who sinned before you.\" You, he says, spoke: \"Of those who ate the sour grape, the teeth shall ache.\" Look, therefore, upon the youths who are free from sin, and do not remember the sins of the fathers. \"But remember your hand, and your name, in this time.\" Use, he says, your accustomed wonderworking, and as you led them out of Egypt, so set them free from Babylon. 6. For you are the Lord our God. For you are the same, and have not changed; you have the same power, the same love for mankind. We will praise you, O Lord, (7.) for this reason you gave your fear upon our heart, that your name might be called upon. He showed the benefit of punishment; for having been disciplined, he says, we turned back, \"And we will praise you in our exile; for we have turned back upon our heart all the injustice of our fathers, who sinned before you.\" We do not follow, he says, our fathers, nor do we walk in their discipline, but we follow your laws. Consider, therefore, our reproaches, and the harsh slavery which we endure both because of our own impiety and the transgression of our fathers. This prayer of the people the wonderful Baruch, having placed in his writing, also sets down the divine response. 9–11. Hear, Israel,","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":209,"ref":"p209","source":"ἐντολὰς ζωῆς, ἐνωτίσασθε γνῶναι φρόνησιν. Τί ἐστιν, Ἰσραὴλ, τί ὅτι ἐν τῇ γῇ τῶν ἐχθρῶν εἶ; Ἐπαλαιώθης, ἐν γῇ ἀλλοτρίᾳ· συνεμιάνθης τοῖς νεκροῖς, προσελογίσθης μετὰ τῶν εἰς ᾅδου. Τί τὸ καινόν; φησί· τί τὸ παράδοξον; Ὁ ἐμὸς χρηματίσας λαὸς, ὁ περι φανὴς, ὁ πολυθρύλλητος, δοῦλος ἀντ' ἐλευθέρου, καὶ ἀλλοφύλοις ἀνδράσι καὶ δυσσεβέσι συμβιοτεύων, νεκροῖς ἔοικε διὰ τὴν ὑπερβολὴν τῶν κακῶν. Εἶτα τὰ τούτων αἴτια διδάσκει. ιβʹ, ιγʹ. Ἐγκατέλιπες τὴν πηγὴν τῆς σοφίας. Τῇ ὁδῷ τοῦ Θεοῦ εἰ ἐπορεύθης, κατῴκεις ἂν ἐν εἰρήνῃ τὸν αἰῶνα χρόνον. Σαυτῷ, φησὶ, πρό ξενος ἐγένου τῶν παρόντων κακῶν· δέον γάρ σε ποδηγῷ χρήσασθαι τῷ νόμῳ, ὃν ἡ τῆς σοφίας σοι πηγὴ προσενήνοχε, ματαίοις ἠκολούθησας λογισ μοῖς. ιδʹ. Μάθε, ποῦ ἐστι φρόνησις, ποῦ ἐστιν ἰσχὺς, ποῦ ἐστι σύνεσις, τοῦ γνῶναι ἅμα ποῦ ἐστι μακροβίωσις καὶ ζωὴ, ποῦ ἐστι φῶς ὀφθαλμῶν, καὶ εἰρήνη. Νῦν γοῦν, ἐπειδήπερ οὐ πρότερον, ζήτησον καὶ γνῶθι, τίς ὁ τούτων χορηγὸς τῶν ἀγαθῶν. ιεʹ. Τίς εὗρε τόπον αὐτῆς· καὶ τίς εἰσῆλ θεν εἰς τοὺς θησαυροὺς αὐτῆς; Τουτέστι, τῆς φρονήσεως. ιϛʹ–ιηʹ. Ποῦ εἰσιν οἱ ἄρχοντες τῶν ἐθνῶν, οἱ κυριεύοντες τῶν θηρίων τῶν ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς, οἱ ἐν τοῖς ὀρνέοις τοῦ οὐρανοῦ ἐμπαίζοντες, καὶ τὸ ἀργύριον θησαυρίζοντες, καὶ τὸ χρυσίον, ᾧ ἐπεποίθεισαν οἱ ἄνθρωποι, καὶ οὐκ ἔστι τέλος τῆς κτήσεως αὐτῶν, οἱ τὸ ἀργύριον τεκταίνοντες, καὶ μεριμνῶντες, καὶ οὐκ ἔστιν ἐξεύρεσις τῶν ἔργων αὐτῶν; Σύγκρισιν εὐσεβείας ποιεῖται καὶ πλούτου καὶ δυναστείας, καὶ παρακελεύεται τῶν ἀνομωτάτων ἀναμνησθῆναι βασιλέων, οἳ κόρον οὐκ ἔσχον τοῦ πλούτου.","english":"Commandments of life, give ear to know prudence. What is it, Israel, what is it that you are in the land of your enemies? You have grown old in a foreign land; you have been defiled with the dead, you have been counted with those in Hades. What is the new thing? he says; what is the paradox? My people, who bore my name, the conspicuous one, the much-heralded one, a slave instead of free, and living together with foreign and impious men, resembles the dead through the excess of evils. Then he teaches the causes of these things. 12, 13. You have forsaken the fountain of wisdom. If you had walked in the way of God, you would have dwelt in peace for an age of time. You, he says, have become a stranger to the present evils; for when you ought to have used the law as a guide, which the fountain of wisdom brought to you, you followed vain reasonings. 14. Learn where prudence is, where strength is, where understanding is, to know at the same time where long life and life are, where the light of the eyes is, and peace. Now at least, since not before, seek and know who is the provider of these good things. 15. Who found her place, and who entered into her treasuries? That is, of prudence. 16–18. Where are the rulers of the nations, those who lord it over the beasts on the earth, those who mock among the birds of heaven, and store up silver, and gold, in which men had trusted, and there is no end of their possession, those who craft silver, and are anxious, and there is no finding out of their works? He makes a comparison of piety with wealth and power, and exhorts them to remember the most lawless kings, who had no surfeit of wealth.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":210,"ref":"p210","source":"Οὗτοι δὲ, φησὶ, καὶ τῶν θηρίων καὶ τῶν ὀρνέων διὰ τῆς θηρευτικῆς ἐκράτησαν τέχνης. Διδάσκει δὲ καὶ τούτων τὸ τέλος. ιθʹ–καʹ. Ἠφανίσθησαν, καὶ εἰς ᾄδου κατ έβησαν, καὶ ἄλλοι ἀνέστησαν ἀντ' αὐτῶν. Νεώτεροι εἶδον φῶς, καὶ κατῴκησαν ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς· ὁδὸν δὲ ἐπιστήμης οὐκ ἔγνωσαν. Οὐδὲ συνῆκαν τρίβους αὐτῆς, οὐδὲ ἀντελάβοντο αὐτῆς. Κἀκεῖ νοι, φησὶ, φθορᾷ παρεδόθησαν, καὶ οἱ ἐξ ἐκείνων τοῖς μὲν ζῶσι συνηριθμήθησαν, καὶ τοῦ αἰσθητοῦ φωτὸς τῆς αἴγλης μετέλαχον· οὐκ ἐδέξαντο δὲ συν έσεως καὶ θεογνωσίας ἀκτῖνα. Ἀπαριθμεῖται δὲ καὶ τοὺς μεγαφρονοῦντας ἐπὶ σοφίᾳ Χαναναίους, καὶ Ἰδουμαίους, καὶ Ἰσμαηλίτας· Θαιμὰν γάρ ἐστιν Ἰδουμαία, Ἄγαρ δὲ μήτηρ τοῦ Ἰσμαήλ· τού τους καλεῖ μυθολόγους· παραβολικῶς γὰρ εἰώθασι διαλέγεσθαι. Ἀλλ' ὅμως οὐδὲ οὗτοι τῆς σοφίας ἔγνω σαν τὴν ὁδόν· τῇ γὰρ ἀσεβείᾳ δουλεύοντες διετέ λεσαν. κδʹ, κεʹ. Ὦ Ἰσραὴλ, ὡς μέγας ὁ οἶκος τοῦ Θεοῦ, καὶ εὐμήκης ὁ τόπος τῆς κτήσεως αὐ τοῦ! Μέγας, καὶ οὐκ ἔχει τελευτὴν, ὑψηλὸς καὶ ἀμέτρητος. Μὴ τοῦτον, φησὶ, νόμιζε εἶναι τοῦ Θεοῦ τὸν νεὼν, ὃν Σολομὼν κατεσκεύασεν· ὁ γὰρ τοῦ Θεοῦ ναὸς παμμεγέθης τίς ἐστι, καὶ ἀμέτρητος, καὶ μέντοι καὶ ἀνώλεθρος· οὐ γὰρ ἔχει τελευτήν. Εἶτα τῶν γιγάντων μνημονεύσας, τῶν ἐπὶ μεγέθει σώμα τος πολυθρυλλήτων γεγενημένων, ἐπήγαγεν κζʹ, κηʹ. Οὐ τούτους ἐξελέξατο ὁ Θεὸς, οὐδὲ ὁδὸν ἐπιστήμης ἔδωκεν αὐτοῖς. Καὶ ἀπώλοντο διὰ τὴν ἀβουλίαν αὑτῶν.","english":"These men, he says, also mastered both wild beasts and birds through the art of hunting. And he teaches the end of these as well. 19–21. They were destroyed and went down to Hades, and others rose up in their place. Younger men saw light and dwelt upon the earth; but they did not know the way of knowledge. Nor did they understand her paths, nor did they lay hold of her. And there, he says, they were handed over to corruption, and those descended from them were numbered among the living and partook of the radiance of sensible light; but they did not receive the ray of understanding and knowledge of God. He also enumerates the Canaanites, who pride themselves on wisdom, and the Idumaeans and the Ishmaelites; for Teman is Idumaea, and Hagar is the mother of Ishmael. These he calls mythologists, for they are accustomed to speak in parables. But nevertheless not even these knew the way of wisdom, for they continued in slavery to impiety. 24–25. O Israel, how great is the house of God, and how spacious is the place of his possession! Great, and it has no end; lofty and immeasurable. Do not, he says, suppose this to be the temple of God which Solomon built; for the temple of God is exceedingly great and immeasurable, and moreover imperishable, for it has no end. Then, having made mention of the giants, who became much celebrated for the greatness of their bodies, he added 27–28. God did not choose these, nor did he give them the way of knowledge. And they perished through their own folly.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":211,"ref":"p211","source":"Ταῦτα μέντοι διεξέρχεται, δεῖξαι βουλόμενος, ὡς πάντων αὐτοὺς προτετίμηκε τῶν ἐθνῶν, καὶ μόνοις τε νόμον ἔδωκεν ἔγγραφον, καὶ προφήτας ἐπέστησε, καὶ πάσης ἐπιμελείας ἠξίωσεν, ὕστερον μέντοι καὶ πρὸς αὐτοὺς ἐνανθρω πίσας ἀφίκετο· τοῦτο γὰρ δηλῶν διὰ τῶν ἑξῆς δι δάσκει. κθʹ. Τίς ἀνέβη εἰς τὸν οὐρανὸν, καὶ ἔλαβεν αὐτὴν, καὶ κατεβίβασεν αὐτὴν ἐκ τῶν νεφελῶν; Τουτέστι, τὴν σοφίαν λʹ. Τίς διέβη πέραν τῆς θαλάσσης καὶ εὗρεν αὐτὴν, καὶ οἴσει αὐτὴν χρυσίου καθαροῦ; Οὐκ ἔστι, φησὶν, ὠνητὴ, οὐδὲ ἐμπόροις ἁπλῶς προκει μένη λαʹ. Οὐκ ἔστιν ὁ γινώσκων τὴν ὁδὸν αὐτῆς, οὐδὲ ὁ ἐνθυμούμενος τὴν τρίβον αὐτῆς. Ὑπερ βαίνει, φησὶ, τὸν ἀνθρώπινον λογισμόν. λβʹ. Ἀλλ' ὁ εἰδὼς τὰ πάντα γινώσκει αὐτὴν, καὶ ἐξεῦρεν αὐτὴν τῇ συνέσει αὑτοῦ. Τὸ ἐξεῦρεν ἀνθρωπίνως τέθεικε·\n\nπηγὴν γὰρ αὐτὸν τῆς σοφίας ἐκάλεσε, καὶ ἐν τῷ προοιμίῳ τῆσδε τῆς προφητείας πηγὴν αὐτὸν ζωῆς ὠνόμασε. Δείκνυσι δὲ ἐν τοῖς ἑξῆς τῆς δημιουργίας Θεοῦ τὸ παντοδύναμον. \"Ὁ κατασκευάσας τὴν γῆν εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα χρόνον, ἐνέπλησεν αὐτὴν κτηνῶν τετραπόδων.\" Αἰὼν καλεῖται καὶ ὁ τῶν ἀνθρώπων παρὼν βίος· ὁ δὲ μέλλων, αἰὼν αἰῶνος. λγʹ–λεʹ. Ὁ ἀποστέλλων τὸ φῶς, καὶ πορεύεται· ἐκάλεσεν αὐτὸ, καὶ ὑπήκουσεν αὐτῷ, τρόμῳ. Οἱ δὲ ἀστέρες ἔλαμψαν ἐν ταῖς φυλακαῖς αὑτῶν, καὶ εὐφράνθησαν. Ἐκάλεσεν αὐτοὺς, καὶ εἶπον, Πάρεσμεν· ἔλαμψαν μετ' εὐφροσύνης τῷ ποιήσαντι αὐτούς. Πάντα, φησὶν, εἴκει τῷ ποιητῇ· ἕκαστον τῶν γεγενημένων τοὺς οἰκείους ὅρους φυλάττει· φυλακὰς δὲ ἀστέρων τοὺς καιροὺς καλεῖ· κατὰ γὰρ τὸν ὡρισμένον ἕκαστος ἀνίσχει καιρόν. λϛʹ. Οὗτος ὁ Θεὸς ἡμῶν.","english":"He recounts these things, wishing to show that he honored them above all the nations, and to them alone gave the written law, and set prophets over them, and deemed them worthy of every care; yet later he also came to them in human flesh. For teaching this, he instructs through what follows. 29. Who has gone up into heaven, and taken her, and brought her down from the clouds? That is, wisdom. 30. Who has crossed over the sea and found her, and will bring her for pure gold? She is not, he says, purchasable, nor simply set out for merchants. 31. There is no one who knows her way, nor one who considers her path. He says this surpasses human reasoning. 32. But he who knows all things knows her, and found her out by his own understanding. He has set down \"found out\" in a human manner; for he called him the fountain of wisdom, and in the preface of this prophecy he named him the fountain of life. And in what follows he demonstrates the almighty power of God's creation. \"He who made the earth for a time forever, filled it with four-footed beasts.\" The present life of men is also called an age; but the age to come is the age of ages. 33–35. He who sends the light, and it goes; he called it, and it obeyed him with trembling. And the stars shone in their watches, and rejoiced. He called them, and they said, We are present; they shone with gladness for the one who made them. All things, he says, yield to the maker; each of created things keeps its own bounds; and he calls the seasons the watches of the stars; for each rises at its appointed season. 36. This is our God.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":212,"ref":"p212","source":"Ἁπάντων δημιουργὸς, ὁ τούτων κυβερνήτης καὶ πρύτανις. \"Οὐ λογισθήσεται ἕτερος πρὸς αὐτόν.\" Οὐχ Υἱοῦ καὶ Πατρὸς ποιεῖται σύγκρισιν, ἀλλὰ τοὺς καλουμένους ὁ λόγος ἐκβάλλει θεούς. λζʹ. Ἐξεῦρε πᾶσαν ὁδὸν ἐπιστήμης. Πάλιν τὸ ἐξεῦρεν ἀνθρωπίνως τέθεικε. Πηγὴ γάρ ἐστι τῶν ἀγαθῶν. \"Καὶ ἔδωκεν αὐτὴν Ἰακὼβ τῷ παιδὶ αὑτοῦ, καὶ Ἰσραὴλ τῷ ἠγαπημένῳ ὑπ' αὐτοῦ.\" Τὴν τῆς θεογνωσίας διδασκαλίαν, τὸν διὰ Μωσέως δοθέντα νόμον. ληʹ. Μετὰ ταῦτα ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς ὤφθη, καὶ τοῖς ἀνθρώποις συνανεστράφη. Σαφῶς ἡμῖν ὁ λόγος ὑπέδειξε τὴν τοῦ Μονογενοῦς ἐνανθρώπησιν, καὶ ὡς αὐτός ἐστι τῶν ἁπάντων δημιουργὸς, καὶ τῆς σοφίας πηγή. Αὐτὸς τοίνυν αὐτῆς ὑπάρχει καὶ ποιητὴς, καὶ Δεσπότης· καὶ περὶ αὐτοῦ φησιν ἐν Παροιμίαις· \"Κύριος ἔκτισέ με ἀρχὴν ὁδῶν εἰς ἔργα αὑτοῦ.\" Οὐ γὰρ ὁ Θεὸς Λόγος ἐκεῖνα λέγει, ἀλλὰ τοῦ Θεοῦ Λόγου ἡ ὑπ' αὐτοῦ κατασκευασθεῖσα σοφία. ΚΕΦΑΛΑΙΟΝ. Δʹ. αʹ. Αὕτη ἡ βίβλος τῶν προσταγμάτων τοῦ Θεοῦ. Τουτέστιν, ἡ διὰ τῆς ἐνανθρωπήσεως τοῦ μονογενοῦς Υἱοῦ τοῦ Θεοῦ δεδομένη. \"Καὶ νόμος ὁ ὑπάρχων εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα.\" Ἡ γὰρ παλαιὰ Διαθήκη τὸ τέλος ἐδέξατο. \"Πάντες οἱ κρατοῦντες αὐτὴν εἰς ζωὴν, οἱ δὲ καταλιπόντες αὐτὴν ἀποθανοῦνται.\" Ἔδειξεν ἀμφοτέρων τὸ τέλος· εἶτα παραινεῖ τῷ λαῷ τῷ χρηματίζοντι Ἰακώβ. βʹ. Ἐπιστρέφου, Ἰακὼβ, καὶ ἐπιλαβοῦ αὐτῆς· διόδευσον πρὸς τὴν λάμψιν κατέναντι τοῦ φωτὸς αὐτῆς. Ἀκολούθησον τῇ αὐγῇ τῆς ἀκτῖνος· φωταγωγεῖ γάρ σε, καὶ ποδηγεῖ πρὸς ζωήν. γʹ. Μὴ δῷς ἑτέρῳ τὴν δόξαν σου, καὶ τὰ συμ φέροντά σοι ἔθνει ἀλλοτρίῳ. Ἀλλ' οὐκ ἤκουσεν Ἰσραήλ·","english":"The maker of all things, their governor and president. \"No other shall be reckoned beside him.\" He does not make a comparison of Son and Father, but the word casts out those who are called gods. 37. She has devised every way of knowledge. Again he has set down \"devised\" in a human manner. For he is the source of good things. \"And he gave her to Jacob his child, and Israel to the one beloved by him.\" The teaching of the knowledge of God, the law given through Moses. 38. After these things he appeared on the earth, and conversed with men. The word has clearly shown us the becoming man of the Only-begotten, and that he himself is the maker of all things, and the source of wisdom. He himself, then, is both the maker of her and her Master; and concerning him he says in Proverbs: \"The Lord created me as the beginning of his ways for his works.\" For it is not God the Word who says these things, but the wisdom fashioned by him, of God the Word. CHAPTER 4. 1. This is the book of the commandments of God. That is, the one given through the becoming man of the Only-begotten Son of God. \"And the law that exists forever.\" For the old Covenant received its end. \"All who hold fast to her shall live, but those who forsake her shall die.\" He has shown the end of both; then he exhorts the people who bear the name of Jacob. 2. Turn, Jacob, and take hold of her; walk toward the radiance over against her light. Follow the gleam of the ray; for it leads you to the light, and guides your feet to life. 3. Do not give your glory to another, nor the things that profit you to a foreign nation. But Israel did not listen.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":213,"ref":"p213","source":"οὗ δὴ χάριν αὐτοὶ μὲν πόῤῥω τῶν ἀγαθῶν καθεστήκασι, τῶν δὲ θεοσδότων ἀγαθῶν ἀπολαύει τὰ ἔθνη. δʹ. Μακάριοί ἐσμεν, Ἰσραὴλ, ὅτι τὰ ἀρεστὰ τοῦ Θεοῦ ἡμῖν γνωστά ἐστι. Οὐκ ἔχομεν, φησὶ, πρόφασιν ἀγνοίας, δεδήλωκε γὰρ ἡμῖν τὰ ἀρέσκοντα. Εἶτα παραθαῤῥύνει, καὶ διδάσκει, ὡς παρεδόθησαν εἰς δουλείαν τηνικαῦτα, οὐ παντελῶς αὐτοὺς ἀποστραφέντος τοῦ τῶν ὅλων Θεοῦ, ἀλλὰ διὰ τῆς παιδείας αὐ τοὺς εὐεργετῆσαι πειραθέντος· τὸν γὰρ εὐεργέτην, φησὶ, καταλιπόντες, τὴν τῶν δαιμόνων προτετιμήκατε λατρείαν· πρόξενοι δὲ καὶ τῇ θρεψαμένῃ τῆς ἐρη μίας ἐγένεσθε. Κέχρηται δὲ καὶ προσωποποιίᾳ, καὶ δείκνυσι τὴν πόλιν θρηνοῦσαν, καὶ ταῖς ὑπηκόοις λέ γουσαν πόλεσιν, ὅτι \"Πένθος μοι πικρὸν ὁ Δε σπότης ἐπήγαγεν.\" Εἶδον γὰρ τῶν οἰκητόρων τοὺς μὲν ἀναιρεθέντας, τοὺς δὲ χαλεπῇ δουλείᾳ παραδο θέντας. ιβʹ. Μηδεὶς ἐπιχαιρέτω μοι τῇ χήρᾳ καταλειφθείσῃ ὑπὸ λαῶν. Χήραν ἑαυτὴν καλεῖ, ὡς ἔρημον τῆς θείας γεγενημένην κηδεμονίας. \"Ἠρη μώθην διὰ τὰς ἁμαρτίας τῶν τέκνων μου.\" Ἀπαριθμεῖται δὲ καὶ ταύτας, καὶ διηγεῖται τὴν τῶν πολε μίων ὠμότητα. Οὐκ ᾐσχύνθησαν, φησὶ, πρεσβύτην, οὐδὲ παιδίου ἠλέησαν. (ιϛʹ.) Καὶ ἀπήγαγον τοὺς ἀγαπητοὺς τῆς χήρας, καὶ ἀπὸ τῶν θυγατέρων τὴν μόνην ἠρήμωσαν. Μόνην ἑαυτὴν, ὡς ἡγοῦμαι, καλεῖ, διὰ τὸ ἐν αὐτῇ μόνῃ εἶναι τοῦ Θεοῦ τὸν νεὼν, ἢ τάχα ἐπειδὴ μόνῃ κατελείφθη, τῶν Ἀσσυρίων τὰς ἄλλας πόλεις πορθησάντων. Εἶτα λέγει, ὡς αὐτὴ μὲν ἐπαμῦναι οὐ δύναται, ὑπισχνεῖται δὲ τοῦ Θεοῦ τὴν βοήθειαν.","english":"For this reason they themselves have been set far from the good things, while the nations enjoy the good things given by God. 4. Blessed are we, Israel, because the things pleasing to God are known to us. We have, he says, no pretext for ignorance, for he has made clear to us the things that are pleasing. Then he encourages and teaches that they were handed over to slavery at that time, not because the God of all had completely turned away from them, but because he attempted to benefit them through discipline; for, he says, having abandoned the benefactor, you have preferred the worship of demons, and you became the cause of the desolation of her who nurtured you. He also employs personification, and shows the city lamenting and saying to the subject cities, \"The Master has brought bitter mourning upon me.\" For I saw some of the inhabitants slain and others handed over to harsh slavery. 12. Let no one rejoice over me, the widow left by peoples. She calls herself a widow, as having become bereft of divine care. \"I have been desolated because of the sins of my children.\" He also enumerates these and recounts the cruelty of the enemies. They were not, he says, ashamed before the elder, nor did they pity the child. (16.) And they led away the beloved ones of the widow, and from her daughters they desolated the only one. She calls herself \"only,\" as I judge, because in her alone was the temple of God, or perhaps because she alone was left, since the Assyrians had ravaged the other cities. Then he says that she herself cannot defend them, but he promises the help of God.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":214,"ref":"p214","source":"Θρηνεῖ μέντοι τὴν παροῦσαν ἐρημίαν. Κατελείφθην γὰρ, φησὶν, ἔρημος. (κʹ.) Καὶ ἐξεδυσάμην τὴν στολὴν τῆς εἰρήνης. Δείκνυσι δὲ καὶ τὴν τῶν ὑπολειφθέντων μεταβολήν. \"Καὶ ἐνεδυσάμην τὸν σάκκον τῆς δεήσεώς μου, καὶ κράξω.\" Ἀλλ' οὐχ οἱ τοῖχοι ταῦτα ἔδρων ἢ ἔλεγον, ἀλλ' οἱ ἐνοικοῦντες. Εἶτα παρακελεύεται αὐτοῖς τῇ τοῦ Θεοῦ θαῤῥῆσαι φιλανθρωπίᾳ, καὶ αἰτῆσαι τὸν ἔλεον· Καὶ γὰρ ἐγὼ, φησὶν, ἀναμένω τὴν ὑμετέραν ἐπάνοδον. κγʹ. Ἐξέπεμψα γὰρ ὑμᾶς μετὰ πένθους καὶ κλαυθμοῦ· ἀποδώσει δέ μοι ὁ Θεὸς ὑμᾶς μετὰ χαρ μονῆς καὶ εὐφροσύνης. Ἔοικε ταῦτα τοῖς ὑπὸ τοῦ μακαρίου Δαβὶδ εἰρημένοις· \"Πορευόμενοι ἐπορεύοντο, καὶ ἔκλαιον, βάλλοντες τὰ σπέρματα αὑτῶν· ἐρχόμε νοι δὲ ἥξουσιν ἐν ἀγαλλιάσει, αἴροντες τὰ δράγματα αὑτῶν.\" Λέγει δὲ καὶ τῶν γειτονευόντων ἐθνῶν τήν τε ἐπὶ τῇ αἰχμαλωσίᾳ θυμηδίαν, καὶ τὴν μετὰ τὴν ἐπ άνοδον σκυθρωπότητα. Παρακελεύεται δὲ αὐτοῖς, ὑπο μεῖναι τὴν ἐπενεχθεῖσαν παιδείαν, καὶ ὑπισχνεῖται τὴν τῶν πραγμάτων μεταβολήν. \"Κατεδίωξέ σε, φησὶν, ὁ ἐχθρός σου, καὶ ὄψῃ αὐτοῦ τὴν ἀπώλειαν ἐν τάχει, καὶ ἐπὶ τοῦ τραχήλου αὐτοῦ ἐπιβήσῃ.\" Ἐχθροὺς καλεῖ Ἰδουμαίους Μωαβίτας, Ἀμμανίτας,Ἀλλοφύλους. κϛʹ. Οἱ τρυφεροί μου ἐπορεύθησαν ὁδοὺς τρα χείας· ἤρθησαν ὡς ποίμνιον ἡρπασμένον ἐχθρῷ. Τρυφεροὺς καλεῖ τοὺς ἐν εὐπορίᾳ καὶ πλούτῳ, ὡς πεῖραν οὐκ ἔχοντας τῶν λυπηρῶν· εἶτα παρακελεύεται αὐτοῖς τῇ μεταμελείᾳ τὴν σωτηρίαν καρπώσασθαι. Ταῦτα ὡς ἐκ προσώπου τῆς Ἱερουσαλὴμ εἰρηκὼς, αὐτῇ λοιπὸν παρακλητικοὺς προσφέρει λόγους. λʹ. Θάρσει, Ἱερουσαλὴμ, παρακαλέσει σε ὁ ὀνομάσας σε.","english":"She laments, however, the present desolation. For I was left, she says, desolate. (20.) And I stripped off the robe of peace. He shows also the change of those who were left behind. \"And I put on sackcloth for my supplication, and I will cry out.\" But it was not the walls that did or said these things, but those who dwelt in them. Then he exhorts them to take courage in God's love for humanity, and to ask for mercy; For I too, he says, await your return. 23. For I sent you forth with mourning and weeping; but God will give you back to me with joy and gladness. These things resemble what was said by the blessed David: \"Going they went and wept, casting their seeds; but coming they shall come with exultation, carrying their sheaves.\" He speaks also of the neighboring nations' delight at the captivity, and their gloom after the return. And he exhorts them to endure the discipline that was brought upon them, and promises the reversal of affairs. \"Your enemy, he says, has pursued you, and you shall see his destruction speedily, and you shall step upon his neck.\" He calls Edomites, Moabites, Ammonites, and Philistines enemies. 26. My delicate ones have walked rough roads; they were taken away like a flock snatched by an enemy. He calls delicate those in prosperity and wealth, as having no experience of grievous things; then he exhorts them to reap salvation through repentance. Having said these things as from the person of Jerusalem, he now offers words of consolation to her. 30. Take courage, Jerusalem; the one who named you will console you.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":215,"ref":"p215","source":"Δέδεκταί σου, φησὶ, τὴν ἐπὶ τὰ κρείτ τω μεταβολήν. Μεταβαλεῖ σοι τὴν συμφορὰν ὁ τὴν προσηγορίαν σοι τεθεικώς· τουτέστιν, ὁ δημιουργός σου, ὁ πάσης σε πόλεως προτιμήσας. λαʹ, λβʹ. Δείλαιοι οἵ σε κακώσαντες, καὶ ἐπι χαρέντες τῇ σῇ πτώσει. Δείλαιοι αἱ πόλεις, αἷς ἐδούλευσαν τέκνα σου. Ἔδωκαν γὰρ δίκας Βαβυλώνιοι τῆς παρανομίας ἀξίας. Εἶτα διδάσκει, ὡς τὰ οἰκεῖα λοιπὸν ἡ Βαβυλὼν θρηνήσει κακά. λδʹ, λεʹ. Περιελῶ γὰρ αὐτῆς, φησὶ, τὸ ἀγαλλίαμα τῆς πολυοχλίας αὐτῆς, καὶ τὸ γαυρίαμα αὐτῆς εἰς πένθος ἔσται. Πῦρ γὰρ ἐπελεύσεται αὐτῇ παρὰ τοῦ Αἰωνίου εἰς ἡμέρας μακρὰς, καὶ κατοικηθήσεται ὑπὸ δαιμονίων τὸν πλείονα χρόνον. Ταύτην διὰ Περσῶν τὴν τιμωρίαν ἐδέξατο· ἔδειξε δὲ ὁ λόγος, ὡς οὐ παντελῶς αὐτὴν ἀοίκητον ἔσεσθαι προηγόρευσεν, ἀλλ' ἐπὶ πολὺν χρόνον· οἰ κεῖται δὲ νῦν ὑπὸ ὀλίγων Ἰουδαίων. λϛʹ. Περίβλεψαι πρὸς ἀνατολὰς, Ἱερουσαλὴμ, καὶ ἴδε τὴν εὐφροσύνην σου, τὴν παρὰ τοῦ Θεοῦ σοι ἐρχομένην. Τὴν τῶν αἰχμαλώτων ἐπάνοδον προθεσπίζει. λζʹ. Ἰδοὺ ἔρχονται οἱ υἱοί σου, οὓς ἐξαπέστειλας· ἔρχονται συνηγμένοι ἀπὸ ἀνατολῶν ἕως δυσμῶν, τῷ ῥήματι τοῦ Ἁγίου, χαίροντες τῇ τοῦ Θεοῦ δόξῃ. Οὐ γὰρ τῇ οἰκείᾳ δυνάμει περιεγένοντο τῶν ἐχθρῶν, ἀλλ' ὁ παραδοὺς Θεὸς τὴν ἐλευθερίαν ἀπέδωκε. ΚΕΦΑΛ. Εʹ. Κελεύει δὲ καὶ τὴν πενθήρη στολὴν ἀποθέσθαι, καὶ περιτίθησιν αὐτῇ τῆς ἱερωσύνης τὸ σχῆμα. βʹ. Περιβαλοῦ γὰρ, φησὶ, τὴν διπλοΐδα τῆς παρὰ τοῦ Θεοῦ δικαιοσύνης, καὶ ἐπίθου τὴν μίτραν ἐπὶ τῆς κεφαλῆς σου, τῆς δόξης τοῦ αἰωνίου. Ἐν γὰρ τῇ μίτρᾳ τὸ πέταλον ἔκειτο τὸ χρυσοῦν· ἐν ᾧ τὸ ὄνομα τοῦ Θεοῦ προσεγέγραπτο.","english":"He has accepted your change for the better, he says. He who gave you your name will change your misfortune for you—that is, your Creator, who preferred you above every city. (31, 32.) Wretched are those who maltreated you and rejoiced at your fall. Wretched are the cities in which your children served. For the Babylonians paid penalties worthy of their transgression. Then he teaches that Babylon will henceforth lament her own evils. (34, 35.) For I will remove from her, he says, the exultation of her populousness, and her boasting will become mourning. For fire will come upon her from the Eternal One for long days, and she will be inhabited by demons for the greater part of time. She received this punishment through the Persians; and the word showed that he did not foretell that she would be entirely uninhabited, but for a long time; and she is now inhabited by a few Jews. (36.) Look around toward the east, Jerusalem, and see your gladness, which comes to you from God. He foretells the return of the captives. (37.) Behold, your sons are coming, whom you sent away; they are coming, gathered from the east to the west, by the word of the Holy One, rejoicing in the glory of God. For they did not prevail over their enemies by their own power, but God, who delivered them over, restored their freedom. CHAPTER 5. And he commands her to put off the mourning garment, and puts around her the garb of the priesthood. (2.) For put on, he says, the double cloak of the righteousness that comes from God, and place the miter on your head, the miter of the glory of the Eternal One. For on the miter lay the golden plate, on which the name of God had been inscribed.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":216,"ref":"p216","source":"γʹ, δʹ. Ὁ γὰρ Θεὸς δείξει τῇ ὑπ' οὐρανὸν πάσῃ τὴν σὴν λαμπρότητα. Κληθήσεται γάρ σου τὸ ὄνομα παρὰ τοῦ Θεοῦ εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα εἰρήνη δι καιοσύνης, καὶ δόξα θεοσεβείας. Ταῦτα δὲ τὰ ὀνόματα νῦν ἔχει· διὰ τοῦτο καὶ εἰς αὐτὴν συντρέχουσιν ἅπαντες. Λαμπρὰν γὰρ αὐτὴν καὶ περιφανῆ πεποίηκε τὸ σωτήριον πάθος. Πάλιν δὲ αὐτῇ παρα κελεύεται ἰδεῖν ἀπὸ ἀνατολῶν καὶ δυσμῶν τοὺς αἰχμαλώτους ἐπανιόντας, καὶ διδάσκει, ὡς ἀπήχθησαν μὲν πεζοὶ δεσμὰ περικείμενοι, ἐπανήξουσι δὲ πάσης τιμῆς ἀξιούμενοι. Εἰδέναι μέντοι χρὴ, ὡς τῶν ἀπὸ Βαβυλῶνος ἐπανελθόντων, καὶ οἱ πεφευγότες κατὰ τὸν τοῦ πολέμου καιρὸν, καὶ τὰ ἑσπέρια, καὶ τὰ νό τια μέρη\n\nκατειληφότες, ἐπανῆλθον λοιπὸν, ὡς εἰ ρήνης τῷ ἔθνει παρασχεθείσης· οὗ δὴ χάριν καὶ τῶν ἀπὸ δυσμῶν ἐμνημόνευσεν. ζʹ. Συνέταξε γὰρ ὁ Θεὸς ταπεινοῦσθαι πᾶν ὄρος ὑψηλὸν, καὶ θῖνας ἀεννάους, καὶ φάραγγας πληροῦσθαι εἰς ὁμαλισμὸν τῆς γῆς, ἵνα βαδίσῃ Ἰσραὴλ ἀσφαλῶς τῇ τοῦ Θεοῦ δόξῃ. Πᾶσαν, φησὶ, δυσκολίαν κατηνύασε· τοὺς ἐοικότας ὄρεσιν ὑψηλοῖς Βαβυλωνίους κατέλυσε· τοὺς ἐκείνοις ὑπο κειμένους, φάραγξι ταπειναῖς ἐοικότας, ἀνανεῦσαι πεποίηκεν· ἡμῶν δὲ πανταχόθεν ἄδεια τῆς ἐπαν όδου γεγένηται. ηʹ. Αἱ σκιάδες, καὶ οἱ δρυμοὶ, καὶ πᾶν ξύλον εὐωδία τῷ Ἰσραὴλ προστάγματι τοῦ Θεοῦ. Ταῦτα ἔοικε τοῖς ὑπὸ τοῦ Δαβὶδ εἰρημένοις· \"Τὰ ὄρη ἐσκίρτησαν ὡσεὶ κριοὶ, καὶ οἱ βουνοὶ ὡς ἀρνία προβάτων.\" Δρυμοὺς τοίνυν τροπικῶς καλεῖ τὰ μεταξὺ διακείμενα ἔθνη, ἃ καρπὸν εὐσεβείας οὐκ ἔφερον τῷ Θεῷ. Τὸν μέντοι Ἰσραὴλ ἐπανιόντα μετὰ πάσης προὔπεμψαν θεραπείας. Λέγει δὲ καὶ τὸ αἴτιον τῶν ἀγαθῶν. θʹ.","english":"3, 4. For God will display your splendor to all under heaven. For your name will be called by God forever, peace of righteousness, and glory of godliness. And these names it now has; therefore all run together to it. For the saving passion has made it bright and conspicuous. Again it is commanded to look upon the captives returning from the east and the west, and it teaches that those who were led away on foot wearing chains will return deemed worthy of every honor. One must know, however, that of those who returned from Babylon, those also who had fled in the time of war and had occupied the western and southern regions returned thereafter, since peace had been granted to the nation; for this reason it also mentioned those from the west. 7. For God has ordained that every high mountain be brought low, and everlasting sands, and that valleys be filled up for the leveling of the land, so that Israel may walk safely by the glory of God. Every difficulty, it says, he brought to nothing; the Babylonians, who resembled high mountains, he brought down; those subject to them, who resembled low valleys, he made to lift up their heads; and for us there has been freedom of return from every side. 8. The shady places, and the thickets, and every tree are a fragrance to Israel by the command of God. These things resemble what was said by David: \"The mountains skipped like rams, and the hills like lambs of sheep.\" Thickets, then, he calls figuratively the nations situated in between, which did not bear the fruit of godliness to God. But they sent Israel on its way as it returned with all manner of attendance. And he states also the cause of the good things. 9.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":217,"ref":"p217","source":"Ἡγήσεται γὰρ ὁ Θεὸς τοῦ Ἰσραὴλ μετ' εὐφροσύνης, τῷ φωτὶ τῆς δόξης αὐτοῦ, σὺν ἐλεημοσύνῃ καὶ δικαιοσύνῃ παρ' αὐτοῦ. Θεοῦ ἡγουμένου πάντα λεῖα καὶ εὐμαρῆ. Κέχρηται ἐλεη μοσύνῃ μὲν περὶ τὸν λαὸν, δικαιοσύνῃ δὲ κατὰ Βαβυλωνίων. Οὗτοι μὲν γὰρ ἁμαρτάνοντες διὰ τῆς παιδείας ὠφέλειαν ἐδέξαντο· ἐκείνους δὲ μανικωτέ ρους καὶ δυσσεβεστέρους ἡ νίκη πεποίηκεν. Ἀντιβο λήσωμεν τοιγαροῦν καὶ ἡμεῖς, ξεναγὸν ἡμῶν γενέ σθαι καὶ ποδηγὸν τὸν τῶν ὅλων Θεόν· ἵνα τῷ φωτὶ τοῦ προσώπου αὐτοῦ κατὰ τὴν Δαβιτικὴν πορευόμενοι μελῳδίαν, μὴ ἐκκλίνωμεν δεξιᾷ ἢ ἀριστερᾷ, ἀλλὰ τὴν βασιλικὴν ὁδὸν ὁδεύσωμεν, τὴν ἀπάγουσαν εἰς τὴν ζωήν· ἧς ἡμᾶς γένοιτο ἐπιτυχεῖν χάριτι καὶ φιλανθρωπίᾳ τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, μεθ' οὗ τῷ Πατρὶ ἡ δόξα, σὺν τῷ παναγίῳ Πνεύ ματι, νῦν καὶ ἀεὶ, καὶ εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας τῶν αἰώνων. Ἀμήν. ΤΟΜΟΣ ΙΒʹ ΘΡΗΝΟΙ.\n\nΚΕΦΑΛ. Αʹ.\n\nὉ μὲν θρῆνος συμπαθείας καὶ φιλοστοργίας ση μεῖον· ἡγοῦμαι δὲ τὸν θεσπέσιον προφήτην ὠφελείας ἕνεκα, καὶ τῶν τηνικαῦτα ἀνθρώπων, καὶ τῶν εἰς ὕστερον ἐσομένων, τοὺς θρήνους συγγράψαι· ἵνα κἀκεῖνοι καὶ οὗτοι μάθωσι διὰ τῶν γραμμάτων, ὅσων πρόξενος ἡ ἁμαρτία κακῶν· τέσσαρας μέντοι συγγέγραφε Θρήνους, τὰ ἑκάστου ῥήματα καὶ κατὰ τὸν ἀριθμὸν καὶ τὴν τάξιν τῶν στοιχείων συντεθεικώς· θρηνεῖ δὲ τῆς πόλεως τὴν ἐρημίαν, τῆς προτέρας τῶν οἰκητόρων μεμνημένος πληθύος, καὶ δυσφοροῦσαν ὁρῶν τὴν πάλαι παρὰ τῶν ἄλλων πόλεων δεχομένην τὸν φόρον·","english":"For God will lead Israel with gladness, by the light of his glory, with mercy and righteousness from him. When God leads, all things are smooth and easy. He has shown mercy toward the people, and righteousness against the Babylonians. For the former, though they sinned, received benefit through discipline; but victory made the latter more frenzied and more impious. Let us therefore entreat that the God of all things become our guide and leader, so that, walking by the light of his countenance according to the Davidic melody, we may not turn aside to the right or to the left, but may walk the royal road that leads to life; may it be ours to attain it by the grace and love for humanity of our Lord Jesus Christ, with whom be glory to the Father, with the all-holy Spirit, now and always, and unto the ages of ages. Amen. Volume 12. Lamentations.\n\nChapter 1.\n\nLamentation is a sign of sympathy and affection; but I consider that the wondrous prophet wrote the laments for the sake of benefit, both for the people of that time and for those who would come afterward, so that both those and these might learn through the writings how many evils sin is the cause of. He wrote four Lamentations, composing the words of each both according to the number and the order of the letters. He laments the desolation of the city, recalling the former multitude of its inhabitants, and seeing as distressed the city that formerly received tribute from the other cities.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":218,"ref":"p218","source":"προσωποποιίᾳ δὲ κε χρημένος, λέγει νύκτωρ καὶ μεθ' ἡμέραν τὴν πόλιν δακρύειν, τοῦ ψυχαγωγοῦντος οὐκ ὄντος, καὶ τῶν φίλων αὐτῆς παντελῶς ἠρνημένων. Φέρει δὲ εἰς μέσον καὶ τῆς Ἰουδαίας ἁπάσης τὴν μετανάστασιν, καὶ τὴν χαλεπὴν δουλείαν, καὶ εὐχειρώτους αὐτοὺς λέγει γεγενῆσθαι διὰ τὴν ἁμαρτίαν. \"Πάντες γὰρ, φησὶν, οἱ διώκοντες αὐτὴν, κατέλαβον αὐτὴν ἀνὰ μέσον τῶν θλιβόντων. Ἀναμιμνήσκει καὶ τῶν ποταμοὺς μιμουμένων ὁδῶν κατὰ τὸν τῶν ἑορτῶν και ρόν· πάντοθεν γὰρ εἰς τήνδε τὴν πόλιν συνέτρεχον ἅπαντες· καὶ θρηνεῖ. Δοκεῖ γάρ πως τοῖς ἀνιαρῶς διακειμένοις μεταβολήν τινα δέχεσθαι καὶ τὰ ἄψυχα· λέγει δὲ καὶ τὰ τούτων αἴτια. εʹ. Ἐγένοντο οἱ θλίβοντες αὐτὴν εἰς κεφαλὴν, καὶ οἱ ἐχθροὶ αὐτῆς εὐθηνοῦσιν· ὅτι Κύριος ἐτα πείνωσεν αὐτὴν ἐπὶ τὸ πλῆθος τῶν ἀσεβειῶν αὐτῆς. Τοῦτο καὶ ὁ μακάριος αὐτοῖς προλέγει Μω σῆς τὸν θεῖον παραβαίνουσι νόμον· \"Ὅτι ἔσονται οἱ ἐχθροί σου ἄνω, καὶ σὺ κάτω·\" λέγει δὲ καὶ τοῖς θηλάζουσι σὺν τοῖς πρεσβυτέροις τὸν ὄλεθρον· \"Θηλάζων, φησὶ, μετὰ","english":"Using personification, he says that the city weeps night and day, since there is no one to comfort her, and her friends have utterly disowned her. He also brings into view the deportation of all Judea and the harsh slavery, and says that they became easy to capture because of sin. \"For all those,\" he says, \"who pursued her overtook her in the midst of those who oppressed her.\" He also recalls the roads that resembled rivers at the time of the festivals; for everyone rushed together into this city from every side—and he laments. For to those who are in distress, even inanimate things seem somehow to undergo a change; and he also states the causes of these things. 5. Her oppressors became the head, and her enemies prosper, because the Lord humbled her for the multitude of her impieties. The blessed Moses also foretells this to those who transgress the divine law: \"For your enemies shall be above, and you below\"; and he declares destruction also to those who nurse along with the elders: \"The nursing child,\" he says, \"with","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":219,"ref":"p219","source":"καθεστηκότος πρεσβυτέ ρου.\" Οὕτω κἀνταῦθα· \"Τὰ νήπια αὐτῆς ἐπορεύθη σαν ἐν αἰχμαλωσίᾳ κατὰ πρόσωπον θλίβοντος.\" Διηγεῖται δὲ ὅπως ἀφῃρέθη τὴν προτέραν εὐπρέ πειαν, καὶ ἀπεικάζει τοὺς ἄρχοντας κριοῖς ἐστερη μένοις νομῆς· ἐγυμνώθησαν γὰρ τῆς προτέρας ἰσχύος. Εἶτα λέγει τῆς Ἱερουσαλὴμ παλαιᾶς εὐπρα ξίας καὶ δυσπραξίας μνησθῆναι, καὶ παραθεῖναι ἐκεί νοις τὰ νῦν ἐπελθόντα κακά· καὶ πλεῖον ἀνιᾶσθαι διὰ τὸ γενέσθαι τοῖς δυσμενέσιν ἐπίχαρτον. Συνεχῶς δὲ διδάσκει τῶν συμφορῶν τὴν αἰτίαν, τὴν ὠφέλειαν πραγματευόμενος. ηʹ. Ἁμαρτίαν γὰρ, φησὶν, ἡμάρτηκεν Ἱερουσαλὴμ, διὰ τοῦτο εἰς σάλον ἐγένετο. Οὗ δὴ χάριν καὶ οἱ πρότερον αὐτὴν γεραίροντες ἐξύβρισαν εἰς αὐτὴν, τὴν δυσκληρίαν αὐτῆς θεασάμενοι. Εἶτα τῶν παντοδαπῶν ἁμαρτημάτων ἀναμιμνήσκει. θʹ. Ἀκαθαρσία πρὸ ποδῶν αὐτῆς· οὐκ ἐμνή σθη ἐσχάτων αὑτῆς, καὶ πέπτωκε θαυμα στῶς. Προσήκει γὰρ μὴ τῇ εὐπραξίᾳ θαῤῥεῖν, ἀλλὰ καὶ τὴν μεταβολὴν προσμένειν. Ἐπειδὴ τοίνυν, φησὶν, οὐδεὶς ἀνθρώπων αὐτῇ προσφέρει παραψυχὴν, σὺ Δέσποτα τὴν ἀθλίως κρατοῦσαν θεασάμενος, οἴκτειρον. Θρηνεῖ δὲ διαφερόντως τὸ τῶν ἀδύτων τοῦ ναοῦ κατατολμῆσαι τοὺς δυσμενεῖς, καί φησι· ιʹ. Χεῖρα αὑτοῦ ἐξεπέτασε θλίβων, ἐπὶ πάντα τὰ ἐπιθυμητὰ αὐτῆς· εἶδε γὰρ ἔθνη εἰσελθόντα εἰς τὸ ἁγίασμα αὐτῆς, ἃ ἐνετείλω μὴ εἰσελθεῖν εἰς τὴν ἐκκλησίαν σου. Εἰς μὲν τὰ ἅγια τῶν ἁγίων μόνῳ τῷ ἀρχιερεῖ εἰσιτητὸν ἦν, καὶ τοῦτο μέντοι ἅπαξ τοῦ ἐνιαυτοῦ· εἰς δὲ τὰ πρὸ τούτων ἅγια οἱ ἱερεῖς εἰσῄεσαν μόνοι· εἰς δὲ τὴν ἐνδοτέραν αὐλὴν καὶ οἱ Λευΐται·","english":"Since an elder was present.\" So too here: \"Her little ones went into captivity before the face of the oppressor.\" He recounts how she was stripped of her former comeliness, and he likens the rulers to rams deprived of pasture; for they were stripped of their former strength. Then he says that Jerusalem remembered her ancient prosperity and adversity, and set alongside those things the evils that have now befallen her; and she grieves the more because she has become a laughingstock to her enemies. And he continually teaches the cause of her calamities, procuring her benefit. 8. \"For Jerusalem,\" he says, \"has sinned a sin; therefore she has become a shaking.\" For this reason even those who formerly honored her have insolently abused her, when they beheld her misfortune. Then he reminds her of sins of every kind. 9. \"Her uncleanness is before her feet; she did not remember her latter end, and she has fallen wondrously.\" For it is fitting not to be confident in prosperity, but also to await the change. Since, then, he says, no man offers her consolation, do you, Master, beholding her who rules wretchedly, have pity. And he laments especially that the enemies have dared to enter the innermost sanctuaries of the temple, and says: 10. \"He stretched out his hand, oppressing, upon all her desirable things; for she saw nations enter into her sanctuary, whom you commanded not to enter into your assembly.\" For into the holy of holies only the high priest could enter, and that but once a year; into the holy places before these only the priests entered; and into the inner court also the Levites—","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":220,"ref":"p220","source":"εἰς δὲ τὴν ἐξωτέραν οἵ τε ἐκ γέ νους Ἰσραὴλ, καὶ οἱ περιτετμημένοι προσήλυτοι· πάντα γὰρ ἀπερίτμητον καὶ εἰς ἐκείνην εἰσελθεῖν ὁ νόμος ἐκώλυε· διαφερόντως μέντοι Μωαβίτας καὶ Ἀμμανίτας εἰσελθεῖν ἀπαγορεύει· \"Ἀμμανίτης γὰρ, καὶ Μωαβίτης, οὐκ εἰσελεύσεται εἰς ἐκκλη σίαν Κυρίου, οὐδὲ εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα.\" Τοῦτον ἀνέμνησε τὸν νόμον ὁ Θρῆνος· εἶτα διηγεῖται τὰ ἀπὸ τοῦ λιμοῦ συμβεβηκότα κακά. ιαʹ. Πᾶς ὁ λαὸς αὐτῆς καταστενάζοντες, ζη τοῦντες ἄρτον. Ἔδωκαν γὰρ τὰ ἐπιθυμήματα αὐτῆς ἐν βρώσει, τοῦ ἐπιστρέψαι ψυχήν. Ἐν ταῦθα ἐπιθυμήματα τὰ βρέφη καλεῖ· ἐγεύσαντο γὰρ ἐν τῷ λιμῷ καὶ ἀνθρωπίνων κρεῶν. Αἰτεῖ μέντοι τὴν θείαν φιλανθρωπίαν. Ἴδε Κύριε, καὶ ἐπίβλεψον, ὅτι ἐγενόμην ἠτιμωμένη. Εἶτα τοὺς δι' αὐτὴν παρ ιόντας παρακαλεῖ τὴν ἀσύγκριτον αὐτῆς ὀδύνην ἰδεῖν. Ταύτην δὲ, φησὶν, ὁ Δεσπότης ἐπήγαγέ μοι φθεγ ξάμενος ἐν ἐμοί· τουτέστι, προσέταξε μόνον, καὶ ἐπηνέχθη μοι τὰ κακά· τὸ δὲ Ἐπεφύλλισέ μοι. Ἧψέ μοι, ὁ Σύρος ἡρμήνευσε. Διηγεῖται δὲ καὶ τὴν ἐπενεχθεῖσαν αὐτῇ θεήλατον πληγήν. ιγʹ. Ἐξ ὕψους αὑτοῦ ἐξαπέστειλε πῦρ ἐν τοῖς ὀστέοις μου, καὶ κατήγαγεν αὐτὸ ἐπ' ἐμέ. Αὐτὸς γὰρ συνεχώρησε τοῖς πολεμίοις, καὶ πολιορκῆσαι, καὶ πορθῆσαι, καὶ ἐμπρῆσαι τὴν πόλιν. \"Διεπέ τασε δίκτυον τοῖς ποσί μου, ἀπέστρεψέ με εἰς τὸ ὀπίσω· ἔδωκέ με ἠφανισμένην ὅλην τὴν ἡμέραν ὀδυνωμένην.\" Δίκτυον καλεῖ τὸ ἄφυκτον τῶν κακῶν· καὶ γὰρ οἱ ἀποδράντες ἑάλωσαν. Δείκνυσι δὲ καὶ τῆς τιμωρίας τὸ δίκαιον. ιδʹ. Ἐγρηγόρησεν ἔτι τὰ ἀσεβήματά μου, ἐν χερσὶν αὑτοῦ συνέπλεξέ με. Ἀντὶ τοῦ, Συνεπόδισε, καὶ τοῖς ἐχθροῖς παρέδωκεν.","english":"But into the outer court came both those of the race of Israel and the circumcised proselytes; for the law prevented everything uncircumcised from entering even that. It expressly forbids Moabites and Ammonites to enter: \"For an Ammonite and a Moabite shall not enter into the assembly of the Lord, nor even forever.\" The Lamentation recalled this law; then it recounts the evils that befell from the famine. 11. All her people groan, seeking bread. For they gave her desirable things for food to restore the soul. Here he calls the infants \"desirable things\"; for in the famine they tasted even human flesh. Yet she asks for the divine loving-kindness. See, O Lord, and look, that I have become dishonored. Then she calls on those passing by because of her to see her incomparable pain. This, he says, the Master brought upon me, speaking in me—that is, he merely commanded, and the evils were brought upon me; and the \"He spread it over me\" — \"He set it on fire for me,\" the Syrian interpreted. He recounts also the God-sent plague brought upon her. 13. From his height he sent fire into my bones, and brought it down upon me. For he himself permitted the enemies both to besiege and to sack and to burn the city. \"He spread a net for my feet, he turned me backward; he gave me up as one utterly vanished, all the day grieving.\" He calls the inescapable nature of the evils a net; for even those who fled were captured. He shows also the justice of the punishment. 14. My impieties kept watch, in his hands he entwined me. Instead of: He bound me together, and delivered me to the enemies.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":221,"ref":"p221","source":"\"Ἐβάρυνε τὸν ζυγὸν αὑτοῦ ἐπὶ τὸν τράχηλόν μου.\" Πικρῶς γὰρ τοῖς ὠμοτάτοις Βαβυλωνίοις δουλεύειν ἠνάγκασε. \"Καὶ ἠσθένησεν ἡ ἰσχύς μου, ὅτι ἔδωκε Κύριος ἐν χερσί μου ὀδύνας, ἃς οὐ μὴ δύνωμαι ὑποστῆναι.\" Ὀδύρεται δὲ καὶ τῶν ἀριστέων τὸν ὄλεθρον. ιεʹ. Ἐξῆρε πάντας τοὺς ἰσχυρούς μου· ὁ Κύριος ἐκάλεσεν ἐπ' ἐμὲ καιρὸν τοῦ συντρίψαι τοὺς ἐκλεκτούς μου. Τὴν συμφορὰν καὶ ὁ Σύρος, καὶ ὁ Ἑβραῖος, καιρόν καλεῖ· καὶ ἡμεῖς δὲ πολ λάκις εἰώθαμεν τῶν καιρῶν τὰς δυσκολίας ὀδύρεσθαι. Ληνὸν ἐπάτησε Κύριος παρθένῳ θυγατρὶ Ἰούδα. (ιϛʹ.) Ἐπὶ τούτοις ἐγὼ κλαίω. Πολλάκις ἡ θεία Γραφὴ τὴν μεγίστην τιμωρίαν ἀπεικάζει ληνῷ, διὰ τὸ πάντας ἐν τοῖς ληνοῖς ἀποθλίβεσθαι τοὺς βότρυας, καὶ μηδεμίαν ὡς τὰ πολλὰ\n\nδιαφεύγειν ῥᾶγα. \"Καὶ οἱ ὀφθαλμοί μου κατήγαγον ὕδωρ, ὅτι ἐμακρύνθη ἀπ' ἐμοῦ ὁ παρακαλῶν με.\" Καὶ διδάσκων, τίς οὗ τος, ἐπήγαγεν· \"Ὁ ἐπιστρέφων ψυχήν μου.\" Διὰ γάρ τοι τοῦτο καὶ τὴν παιδείαν ἐπήγαγε, τῇ ψυχῇ τὴν ὠφέλειαν πραγματευόμενος. Θρηνεῖ δὲ καὶ τῶν υἱῶν τὴν ἀπώλειαν, καὶ τὴν τῶν ἐχθρῶν ἐπικράτειαν. Δείκνυσι δὲ αὐτῆς καὶ τὸ σχῆμα τοῦ πέν θους. ιζʹ. Διεπέτασε Σιὼν τὰς χεῖρας αὑτῆς. Εἰώθασι γὰρ αἱ πενθοῦσαι, καὶ ἐκτείνειν, καὶ συστέλ λειν τὰς χεῖρας. Λέγει δὲ αὐτὴν καὶ ἀπαραμύθητον εἶναι, ἅτε δὴ τοῦ Θεοῦ τοῖς ἐχθροῖς ὁρμῆσαι κατ' αὐτῆς συγχωρήσαντος, καὶ τὴν καθιερωμένην μολῦναι. \"Ἐγενήθη γὰρ, φησὶν, Ἱερουσαλὴμ, ὡς ἀποκαθημένη ἐν μέσῳ αὐτῶν.\" Ἀκάθαρτος δὲ ἦν κατὰ τὸν νόμον ἡ τοῦ αἵματος τὸν ῥοῦν ὑπομένουσα· ταύτῃ τοίνυν ἀπεικάζει τὴν πόλιν ἀλλοφύλων καὶ δυσσεβῶν πληρωθεῖσαν ἀνθρώπων.","english":"He made his yoke heavy upon my neck.\" For he compelled them to serve the Babylonians, the most savage of men, bitterly. \"And my strength failed, because the Lord gave pains into my hands, which I shall not be able to endure.\" He laments also the destruction of the nobles. 15. \"He has taken away all my mighty ones; the Lord called a time against me to crush my chosen ones.\" Both the Syrian and the Hebrew call the calamity a \"time\"; and we too have often been accustomed to lament the hardships of times. \"The Lord has trodden a winepress for the virgin daughter of Judah.\" 16. \"For these things I weep.\" Holy Scripture often likens the greatest punishment to a winepress, because in winepresses all the grapes are squeezed out, and, as a rule, no grape escapes. \"And my eyes have brought down water, because the one who comforts me has been far from me.\" And teaching who this is, he added: \"The one who restores my soul.\" For it was for this very reason that he brought on the chastisement, procuring benefit for the soul. He laments also the loss of the sons and the enemies' domination. And he shows also the manner of her mourning. 17. \"Zion stretched out her hands.\" For women in mourning are accustomed both to stretch out and to draw in their hands. And he says that she is also inconsolable, since God permitted the enemies to rush against her, and to defile what had been consecrated. \"For Jerusalem,\" he says, \"has become like a woman set apart in the midst of them.\" For according to the law she was unclean who suffered the flow of blood; to her, then, he likens the city, filled with foreign and impious men.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":222,"ref":"p222","source":"Συνεχῶς μέντοι ὁ προφήτης τῆς ψήφου τὸ δίκαιον εὐφημεῖ, τὴν ἐντεῦθεν ὠφέλειαν προσφέρων τοῖς ἐντυγχάνουσιν. ιηʹ. Δίκαιός ἐστι Κύριος, ὅτι τὸ στόμα αὐτοῦ παρεπίκρανα. Τοὺς γὰρ ὑπ' αὐτοῦ τεθέντας παρ έβην νόμους. Θρηνήσας δὲ τῶν παρθένων καὶ τῶν νεανίσκων ἀνδραποδισμὸν, διδάσκει, ὡς ἀνωφελὴς ἡ τῶν εἰδώλων δουλεία. Ἐραστὰς γὰρ ἐκεῖνα καλεῖ. Ἱκετεύει δὲ τὸν λῦσαι δυνάμενον τὴν τῶν κακῶν ἀωρίαν, οἰκτεῖραι αὐτὴν ὁμολογοῦσαν τὴν ἁμαρτίαν. \"Παραπικραίνουσα γὰρ, φησὶ, παρεπίκρανα.\" Ἀνιᾷ δὲ αὐτὴ διαφερόντως τὸ τοὺς ἐχθροὺς ἐπιτωθάζειν· καὶ τοῦτο δὲ, φησὶ, σοῦ νεύσαντος γέ γονεν. \"Ἐπήγαγες γὰρ ἡμέραν, καὶ ἐκάλεσας και ρὸν, καὶ ἐγένοντό μοι οἴμοι, οἴμοι.\" Αἰτεῖ δὲ κἀκείνους ταῖς αὐταῖς περιπεσεῖν συμφοραῖς. κβʹ. Εἰσέλθοι γὰρ, φησὶ, πᾶσα ἡ κακία αὐτῶν κατὰ πρόσωπόν σου. Ὡς ἐθεάσω, φησὶ, τὴν ἐμὴν παρανομίαν, βλέπε καὶ τὴν ἐκείνων ἀσέβειαν. \"Καὶ ἐπιφύλλισον αὐτοὺς, ὃν τρόπον ἐπεφύλλισας ἐμὲ περὶ πάντων τῶν ἁμαρτιῶν μου· ὅτι πολλοὶ οἱ στεναγμοί μου, καὶ ἡ καρδία μου λυπεῖται.\" Καὶ ἐν ταῦθα ὁ Σύρος τὸ ἐπιφύλλισον οὕτως ἡρμήνευσεν· \"Θλῖψον αὐτοὺς, ὡς ἔθλιψας ἐμέ.\" Ὁ μὲν οὖν πρῶ τος Θρῆνος τοῦτο ἔχει τὸ τέλος. ΚΕΦΑΛ. Βʹ Τοῦ δὲ δευτέρου τὸ προοίμιον τοῦτο· αʹ. Πῶς ἐγνόφωσεν ὀργῇ αὑτοῦ Κύριος τὴν θυγατέρα Σιών; Κατέῤῥιψεν ἐξ οὐρανοῦ εἰς γῆν δόξαν Ἰσραήλ; Καὶ οὐκ ἐμνήσθη ὑποποδίου ποδῶν αὐτοῦ ἐν ἡμέρᾳ ὀργῆς αὐτοῦ; Καὶ ἐν τεῦθεν δῆλον, ὡς \"ὑποπόδιον τῶν ποδῶν αὐτοῦ\" ὁ θεῖος Δαβὶδ τὸν θεῖον ὀνομάζει ναόν·","english":"The prophet, however, continually praises the justice of the verdict, offering the benefit that comes from it to those who read. 18. \"The Lord is just, for I have provoked his mouth.\" For I transgressed the laws that were set by him. And having lamented the enslavement of the virgins and the young men, he teaches that the slavery of idols is unprofitable. For he calls those things lovers. And he entreats the one who is able to loose the untimeliness of evils, to have pity on her who confesses her sin. \"For provoking, he says, I provoked.\" But it grieves her exceedingly that the enemies mock; and this too, he says, came about by your nod. \"For you brought on a day, and you called a time, and they became to me woe, woe.\" And he asks that those also fall into the same calamities. 22. \"For let all their wickedness, he says, enter before your face.\" As you beheld, he says, my lawlessness, look also upon their impiety. \"And glean them, in the manner you gleaned me for all my sins; for many are my groanings, and my heart is grieved.\" And here the Syrian interpreted \"glean\" thus: \"Afflict them, as you afflicted me.\" The first Lamentation, then, has this as its end. CHAPTER 2 And the proem of the second is this: 1. \"How has the Lord darkened the daughter of Zion in his anger? He cast down from heaven to earth the glory of Israel; and he did not remember his footstool in the day of his anger?\" And from this it is clear that \"his footstool\" the divine David names the divine temple.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":223,"ref":"p223","source":"\"Προσκυ νεῖτε γὰρ, φησὶ, τῷ ὑποποδίῳ τῶν ποδῶν αὐτοῦ.\" Ὁ μέντοι προφήτης ἀπείκασε γνόφῳ τὴν συμφοράν· καὶ λέγει ἐξ οὐρανῶν εἰς γῆν ῥιφῆναι τὴν πόλιν Ἐπειδὴ τῆς ἐπανθούσης χάριτος ἐγυμνώθη, ἐγένετο τοῖς πολεμίοις εὐάλωτος. βʹ. Κατεπόντισε Κύριος οὐ φεισάμενος πάντα τὰ ὡραῖα Ἰακώβ· καθεῖλεν ἐν θυμῷ αὑτοῦ τὰ ὀχυρώματα τῆς θυγατρὸς Ἰούδα, ἐκόλλησεν αὐτὰ εἰς τὴν γῆν. Τουτέστι, μέχρις ἐδάφους κατ ήνεγκεν. \"Ἐβεβήλωσε βασιλεῖς αὐτῆς, καὶ ἄρ χοντας αὐτῆς.\" Ταῦτα καὶ ὁ μακάριος προεῖπε Δαβίδ· \"Ἔθου, γὰρ, φησὶ, τὰ ὀχυρώματα αὐτοῦ δειλίαν, διήρπασαν αὐτὸν πάντες παραπορευόμενοι τὴν ὁδόν.\" γʹ. Συνέκλασεν ἐν ὀργῇ θυμοῦ αὑτοῦ πᾶν κέ ρας Ἰσραήλ. Κέρας καλεῖ τοὺς ἄρχοντας, καὶ τοὺς δυνάστας. \"Ἀπέστρεψεν ὀπίσω δεξιὰν αὑτοῦ ἀπὸ προσώπου ἐχθροῦ, καὶ ἀνῆψεν ἐν Ἰακὼβ πῦρ φλέ γον, καὶ κατέφαγε πάντα τὰ κύκλῳ αὐτοῦ.\" Οὐ γὰρ ἠθέλησεν ἐπαμῦναι τῶν δυσμενῶν ἐπελθόντων, ἀλλ' ἐῴκει στρατηγῷ γενναίῳ καταλῦσαι ῥᾳδίως δυνα μένῳ τοὺς πολεμίους, καὶ τὰς χεῖρας εἰς τοὐπίσω μεταφέροντι, καὶ παραχωροῦντι τοῖς δυσμενέσι τὴν νίκην. Ἐπ' ἐμὲ δὲ, φησὶ, τοὐναντίον ἐχρήσατο ταῖς χερσίν. δʹ. Ἐνέτεινε γὰρ τὸ τόξον αὑτοῦ ὡς ἐχθρὸς, καὶ ἐστερέωσε δεξιὰν αὐτοῦ ὡς ὑπεναντίος, καὶ ἀπέκτεινε πάντα τὰ ἐπιθυμήματά μου ἐν σκηνῇ θυγατρὸς Σιών· ἐξέχεεν ὡς πῦρ τὸν θυμὸν αὑ τοῦ. Καὶ γὰρ ἐν τῷ ναῷ τὰς σφαγὰς ἐτόλμησαν οἱ πολέμιοι. Διδάσκει δὲ ὁ λόγος, ὡς τοῦ Θεοῦ συγχω ρήσαντος ἐκεῖνα πάντα ἐγένετο·","english":"Worship,\" he says, \"at the footstool of his feet.\" The prophet, however, likened the calamity to thick darkness; and he says that the city was cast down from heaven to earth. Since it was stripped of the grace that flourished upon it, it became easy to capture for the enemies. 2. \"The Lord has drowned without sparing all the beautiful things of Jacob; he has brought down in his wrath the strongholds of the daughter of Judah, he has glued them to the ground.\" That is, he brought them down to the very floor. \"He has profaned her kings and her rulers.\" The blessed David also foretold these things; for he says, \"You have made his strongholds a cowardice; all who pass by the way have plundered him.\" 3. \"He has broken in the anger of his wrath every horn of Israel.\" He calls the rulers and the dynasts a horn. \"He has turned back his right hand from before the enemy, and he has kindled in Jacob a blazing fire, and it has devoured all things around him.\" For he did not wish to come to the rescue when the hostile forces attacked, but he resembled a noble general who is able easily to destroy the enemies, yet moves his hands behind his back and yields the victory to the hostile forces. But against me, he says, he used his hands in the opposite way. 4. \"For he has bent his bow like an enemy, and he has strengthened his right hand like an adversary, and he has killed all my desires in the tent of the daughter of Zion; he has poured out his wrath like fire.\" For the enemies dared to commit slaughters even in the temple. And the account teaches that all those things happened because God permitted them.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":224,"ref":"p224","source":"ἐπειδὴ γὰρ ἐξήμαρτον, τὰ δυσμενῶν εἰργάσατο, καὶ διὰ τῶν πο λεμίων καὶ τοὺς περιβόλους κατέλυσε, καὶ τὰς οἰκίας ἐνέπρησε, καὶ ἀνδράσι καὶ γυναιξὶ τὸ πένθος ἐπ ήνεγκε. Τοῦτο γὰρ λέγει· Ἐπλήθυνε θυγατρὶ Ἰούδα τεταπεινωμένον καὶ τεταπεινωμένην. (ϛʹ.) Ἐξέσπασεν ὡς ἄμ πελον τὸ σκήνωμα αὑτοῦ. Κατέκαυσαν γὰρ οἱ πολέμιοι τὸν θεῖον νεών. \"Διέφθειρεν ἑορτὴν αὐ τοῦ.\" Οὐκ ἔτι γὰρ ἑορτὰς ἐπετέλουν, ἀλλὰ θρηνεῖν ἠναγκάζοντο. \"Ἐπιλαθέσθαι ἐποίησε Κύριος Σιὼν ἑορτῆς, καὶ σαββάτου.\" Προστέθεικε δὲ καὶ τῶν βασιλέων καὶ τῶν ἱερέων τὸν ὄλεθρον, καὶ τοῦ ναοῦ τὴν ἐρημίαν, καὶ τοῦ θυσιαστηρίου τὸν μια σμὸν, καὶ τὴν τοῦ τείχους κατάλυσιν, καὶ τὸ πάν των ἀνιαρώτατον. \"Φωνὴν πολέμου ἔδωκαν ἐν οἴκῳ Κυρίου·\" ὡς ψαλμὸν Λευϊτῶν. \"Ἐν ἡμέρᾳ ἑορτῆς.\" Ἀντὶ γὰρ τῆς συνήθους ὑμνῳδίας ὁ τῶν πολεμίων ἀλαλαγμὸς ἀνεπέμπετο. ηʹ. Ἐλογίσατο Κύριος τοῦ διαφθεῖραι τεῖχος θυγατρὸς Σιών· ἐξέτεινε μέτρον. Τουτέστι, τὴν ἴσην καὶ δικαίαν ψῆφον· τοῦτο καὶ ὁ μακάριος ἐθεάσατο Ζαχαρίας. Πάλιν δὲ τῶν πυλῶν, καὶ τῶν τειχῶν, καὶ τῶν ἀρχόντων μνημονεύσας, ἐπήγαγε, \"Καὶ οὐκ ἔστι νόμος.\" Πρὸ γὰρ τῆς ἐφόδου τῶν πολεμίων, ἀδεῶς παρεβαίνετο· μετὰ δὲ τὴν τῆς πόλεως ἅλωσιν, καὶ τοῦ ναοῦ τὸν ἐμπρησμὸν, οὐδὲ βουλόμενοι πληροῦν τὴν κατὰ νόμον λατρείαν ἠδύναντο. \"Καί γε προφῆται αὐτῆς οὐχ εὗρον ὅρασιν παρὰ Κυρίου.\" Τοὺς ψευδοπροφήτας λέγει, τοὺς τὰ ψευδῆ μαντευσαμένους αὐτῇ. Ὑποδείκνυσι καὶ τοὺς γεγηρακότας θρηνοῦντας, καὶ σάκκον περιεζωσμένους, καὶ αὐτὸς δὲ ὁ προφήτης βοᾷ· ιαʹ. Ἐξέλιπον ἐν δάκρυσιν οἱ ὀφθαλμοί μου, ἐταράχθη ἡ κοιλία μου·","english":"For because they sinned, he brought about the deeds of enemies, and through the foes he destroyed the walls and burned the houses, and brought mourning upon men and women. For this is what he says: \"He multiplied the humbled and humiliated daughter of Judah.\" (6) \"He pulled down his tabernacle as a vine.\" For the enemies burned the divine temple. \"He corrupted his feast.\" For they no longer celebrated feasts, but were compelled to lament. \"The Lord made Zion forget her feast and sabbath.\" And he added also the destruction of the kings and the priests, and the desolation of the temple, and the defilement of the altar, and the demolition of the wall, and the most grievous of all things. \"They gave the sound of war in the house of the Lord,\" as a psalm of the Levites, \"in the day of the feast.\" For instead of the customary hymnody, the war-cry of the enemies was sent up. (8) \"The Lord purposed to destroy the wall of the daughter of Zion; he stretched out a measure.\" That is, the equal and just verdict; this the blessed Zechariah also beheld. And again, having mentioned the gates and the walls and the rulers, he added, \"And there is no law.\" For before the incursion of the enemies, it was transgressed without fear; but after the capture of the city and the burning of the temple, they could not fulfill the service according to the law even if they wished. \"And indeed her prophets found no vision from the Lord.\" He means the false prophets, who prophesied false things to her. He shows also the aged lamenting, and girded with sackcloth, and the prophet himself cries out: (11) \"My eyes failed in tears, my belly was troubled.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":225,"ref":"p225","source":"ἐξεχύθη εἰς γῆν ἡ δόξα μου ἐπὶ τὸ σύντριμμα τῆς θυγατρὸς τοῦ λαοῦ μοῦ. Δείκνυσι δὲ καὶ τὸ πάντων ἐλεεινότατον πάθος. \"Ἐν τῷ ἐκλύεσθαι νήπια καὶ θηλάζοντα ἐν πλατείαις πόλεως.\" Ὁ γὰρ λιμὸς καὶ τὴν τῆς φύσεως φιλοστοργίαν ἐνίκησε. Τοῦτο γὰρ ἐπ ήγαγεν· ιβʹ. Ταῖς μητράσιν αὑτῶν εἶπον, Ποῦ σῖτος καὶ οἶνος; ἐν τῷ ἐκλύεσθαι αὐτούς. Λέγει δὲ μὴ εὑρίσκειν ἀξίαν εἰκόνα τοῦ πάθους. ιγʹ. Τί γὰρ, φησὶ, μαρτυρήσω σοι, καὶ τί ὁμοιώσω σοι, θύγατερ Ἱερουσαλήμ; Ἀναμιμνήσκει δὲ καὶ τῶν ψευδοπροφητῶν, τῶν τὰ χρηστὰ προλεγόντων. ιδʹ. Προφῆται γάρ σου, φησὶν, εἶδόν σοι μά ταια, καὶ ἀφροσύνην· καὶ οὐκ ἀπεκάλυψαν τὴν ἀδικίαν σου, τοῦ ἀποστρέψαι τὴν αἰχμα λωσίαν σου. Καὶ εἶδόν σοι λήμματα μάταια, καὶ ἔξωσάν σε. Ἐμποδὼν γὰρ ἐγένοντο τῇ μετα μελείᾳ τὰ θυμήρη προλέγοντες, καὶ οὐκ εἴων αὐτοὺς τῆς πολλῆς ἀποστῆναι παρανομίας. ιεʹ. Ἐκρότησαν ἐπὶ σὲ χεῖρας πάντες οἱ παρα πορευόμενοι τὴν ὁδόν· ἐσύρισαν, ἐκίνησαν κεφαλὴν αὐτῶν ἐπὶ τὴν θυγατέρα Ἱερουσαλήμ. Ἴδιον τοῦτο τῶν θαυμαζόντων τὴν ἐπὶ τὰ χείρω μεταβολήν. Λέγει δὲ καὶ ἅπερ ἔλεγον· \"Εἰ αὐτὴ ἦν ἡ πόλις στέφανος δόξης, καλὴ εὐπρέπεια, εὐφροσύνη πάσης τῆς γῆς;\" Λέγει πάντα ταῦτα πεπληρῶσθαι κατὰ τὰς θείας προῤῥήσεις· διδάσκει δὲ καὶ οἵοις οἱ δυσμενεῖς ἐκέχρηντο λόγοις, ἐφηδόμενοι τοῖς συμβεβηκόσιν αὐτῇ κακοῖς. \"Αὕτη γὰρ ἡ ἡμέρα ἢν προσεδοκῶμεν, εὕρομεν καὶ εἴδομεν αὐτήν.\" Τοῦτο γὰρ καὶ ὁ μακάριος προ εῖπε Δαβίδ· \"Ἐγενήθημεν ὄνειδος τοῖς γείτοσιν ἡμῶν, μυκτηρισμὸς καὶ χλευασμὸς τοῖς κύκλῳ ἡμῶν.\" Καὶ πάλιν·","english":"My glory has been poured out upon the earth for the destruction of the daughter of my people. He shows also the most pitiable of all sufferings: \"When infants and nursing children faint in the streets of the city.\" For famine conquered even the natural affection of nature. For this he brought forward: 12. To their mothers they said, Where is grain and wine? when they fainted. He says that he does not find a worthy image of the suffering. 13. For what, he says, shall I testify to you, and to what shall I liken you, daughter of Jerusalem? He also reminds us of the false prophets, who foretold pleasant things. 14. For your prophets, he says, saw for you vain things and folly; and they did not reveal your iniquity, to turn away your captivity. And they saw for you vain burdens, and drove you out. For they stood in the way of repentance by foretelling what was pleasing, and did not allow them to depart from their great lawlessness. 15. All who pass by the way clapped their hands at you; they hissed, they shook their heads at the daughter of Jerusalem. This is characteristic of those who marvel at the change for the worse. He says also the very things they said: \"Was this the city, the crown of glory, the beautiful comeliness, the joy of all the earth?\" He says that all these things have been fulfilled according to the divine foretellings; and he teaches also with what kind of words the hostile ones were used, rejoicing over the evils that befell her. \"For this is the day which we expected; we found it and saw it.\" For this the blessed David also foretold: \"We have become a reproach to our neighbors, a mocking and a derision to those around us.\" And again:","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":226,"ref":"p226","source":"\"Ἔθου ἡμᾶς εἰς ὀνειδισμὸν ἐν τοῖς ἔθνεσι, κίνησιν κεφαλῆς ἐν τοῖς λαοῖς.\" Πάλιν δὲ προσωποποιίᾳ κεχρημένος ὁ προφήτης, τοῖς περιβόλοις καὶ τῇ πόλει παρακελεύεται νύκτωρ καὶ μεθ' ἡμέραν δακρύειν, διὰ τὰς παντοδαπὰς συμφο ράς· λέγει δὲ καὶ τὴν ὑπερβολὴν τῶν κακῶν. \"Εἰ φάγονται γυναῖκες καρπὸν κοιλίας αὑτῶν; ἐπι φυλλίδα ἐποίησε μάγειρος.\" Τουτέστι, τὸν ὀψίγονον καρπὸν ἥψησε. Τοῦτο γὰρ ἐπήγαγε· \"Φονευ θήσονται νήπια πολλὰ θηλάζοντα μασθούς.\" Προστίθησι δὲ καὶ τὴν ἑτέραν ἀτοπίαν· \"Εἰ ἀποκτενοῦσιν ἐν ἁγιάσματι Κυρίου ἱερέα καὶ προφή την;\" Καὶ τῇ τῶν προσώπων ποιότητι, καὶ τοῦ τόπου, ἔδειξε τὴν τοῦ πάθους ὑπερβολήν. Θρηνήσας δὲ\n\nτῶν γεγηρακότων καὶ τῶν μειρακίων καὶ τῶν παρθένων τὸν ἀνδραποδισμὸν, ἐπήγαγεν· κβʹ. Ἐκάλεσας ὡς εἰς ἡμέραν ἑορτῆς παρ οικίαν μου κυκλόθεν· καὶ οὐκ ἐγένετο ἐν ἡμέρᾳ ὀργῆς Κυρίου ἀνασωζόμενος, καὶ καταλελειμμένος. Τῶν γὰρ πολεμίων τὴν ἔφοδον δείσαντες, ὡς εἰς ὀχυρὰν τὴν πόλιν κατέφυγον· ἐκεῖ μέντοι πάντες ἑάλωσαν· εἰώθασι δὲ καὶ κατὰ τὸν τῶν ἑορτῶν καιρὸν ἐκεῖ πάντες συντρέχειν· οὗ δὴ χάριν τὴν ἅλωσιν ἀπείκασε τῇ ἑορτῇ. \"Ἐξέθρεψα, καὶ ἐπεκράτησα καὶ ἐπλήθυνα, καὶ ὁ ἐχθρὸς πάντα συνετέλεσε.\" Μάταιός μου, φησὶν, ὁ πόνος ἐγένετο· τῶν τροφίμων γὰρ πάντων ἔρημος ἐγενόμην. Ἐνταῦθα τὸν δεύτερον συνεπέρανε Θρῆνον. ΚΕΦΑΛΑΙΟΝ Γʹ.","english":"You have made us a reproach among the nations, a shaking of the head among the peoples.\" Again the prophet, employing personification, urges the walls and the city to weep night and day because of the manifold calamities; and he speaks also of the excess of the evils. \"Shall women eat the fruit of their womb? Has a cook prepared a leaf?\" That is, he has cooked the late-born fruit. For this he added: \"Many nursing infants shall be slain at the breasts.\" And he adds also the other enormity: \"Shall they kill in the sanctuary of the Lord a priest and a prophet?\" Both by the character of the persons and by the place he showed the excess of the suffering. And having lamented\n\nthe enslavement of the aged, the youths, and the virgins, he added: 22. \"You have called as to a day of festival my neighbors round about; and there was none in the day of the anger of the Lord who escaped and was left.\" For fearing the attack of the enemies, they fled as to a strong city; there, however, all were captured; and they are accustomed also at the time of the festivals for all to run together there; for which reason he likened the capture to a festival. \"I reared, and I brought up and multiplied, and the enemy has accomplished all things.\" My labor, he says, has become vain; for I have been left desolate of all my nurslings. Here he concluded the second Lamentation. Chapter 3.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":227,"ref":"p227","source":"Ἄρχεται δὲ οὕτω τοῦ τρίτου·\n\nαʹ. Ἐγὼ ἀνὴρ ὁ βλέπων πτωχείαν. Διαφερόντως γὰρ οὗτος ὁ προφήτης παρὰ πάντας τῶν συμφορῶν τὸν καιρὸν προεφήτευσε· πτωχείαν τοίνυν καλεῖ τὴν ἔνδειαν τῶν ἀγαθῶν. Ἐν ῥάβδῳ θυμοῦ, (βʹ.) Παρέλαβέ με, καὶ ἀπήγαγέ με εἰς σκότος καὶ οὐ φῶς. Οἰκειοῦται τὰ κατὰ τῆς πόλεως πάθη, καὶ καλεῖ σκότος τὴν δυσκληρίαν. γʹ. Πλὴν ἐν ἐμοὶ ἐπέτρεψεν· ἤλλαξε χεῖρα αὑτοῦ ὅλην τὴν ἡμέραν. Πάλαι γάρ μοι τὰ ἀγαθὰ χορηγῶν, νῦν τὰς παιδείας ἐπάγει. Τοῦτο γὰρ δηλοῖ τὸ, \"Ἤλλαξε χεῖρα αὑτοῦ.\" δʹ. Ἐπαλαίωσε σάρκας μου, καὶ δέρμα μου· ὀστᾶ μου συνέτριψε. Ταῦτα γὰρ πάντα ἡ ἀθυμία ποιεῖ. εʹ. Ἀνῳκοδόμησε κατ' ἐμοῦ, καὶ ἐκύκλωσέ με. Ἀντὶ τοῦ, διαφυγεῖν οὐ δύναμαι τὰ ἐπενε χθέντα κακά· δηλοῖ δὲ καὶ τὸν ἔξωθεν περίβολον, ὃν οἱ πολέμιοι πολιορκήσαντες ἐδείμαντο. ϛʹ. Κεφαλήν μου ἐμόχθησεν, ἐκάθισέ μου ἐν σκοτεινοῖς, ὡς νεκροὺς αἰῶνος. Τὴν πι κρὰν δουλείαν διὰ τούτων αἰνίττεται· καὶ γὰρ τοῦ Σεδεκίου τοὺς ὀφθαλμοὺς ὁ Βαβυλώνιος ἐξορύξας, μύλωνι παρέδωκε· τοῦτο δὲ καὶ τὰ ἐπαγόμενα δηλοῖ. ζʹ. Ἐβάρυνε τὸν ζυγὸν τοῦ τραχήλου μου. Ὠμοτάτοις γάρ με δεσπόταις δουλεύειν ἠνάγκασε. ηʹ. Καί γε ὅτι κεκράξομαι, καὶ βοήσω. Οὐ δέχεται γάρ μου δεομένου τὴν δέησιν. θʹ. Ἀνῳκοδόμησε τὰς ὁδούς μου ἐν μαρμάρῳ, καὶ τὰς τρίβους μου ἠφάνισε. Συνέχομαι γὰρ κακοῖς, ἃ διαφυγεῖν οὐ δύναμαι. ιʹ. ιαʹ. Ἄρκος ἐνεδρεύουσα ἐγένετό μοι αὐ τὸς, ὡς λέων ἐν κρυφίοις. Κατεδίωξέ με ἀφεστηκότα, καὶ διετάραξέ με. Ἔδειξε τῆς παιδείας τὸ δίκαιον· ἐγὼ γὰρ, φησὶν, ἀπέστην προτέρα· εἶθ' οὕτως αὐτὸς τιμωρίαν ἐπήνεγκε.","english":"He begins the third [lament] thus:\n\n1. \"I am a man who sees poverty.\" For this prophet foretold the time of calamities in a manner surpassing all others; so he calls the lack of good things \"poverty.\" \"In the rod of his wrath, (2.) he took me up and led me away into darkness and not light.\" He makes the sufferings that befell the city his own, and calls its misfortune \"darkness.\" 3. \"Only in me he turned; he changed his hand all the day long.\" For formerly he supplied me with good things, but now he brings disciplines upon me. For this is what \"He changed his hand\" makes clear. 4. \"He made my flesh and my skin old; he crushed my bones.\" For despondency does all these things. 5. \"He built up against me and encircled me.\" That is, I cannot escape the evils that have been brought upon me; he also indicates the outer wall, which the enemies built when they besieged it. 6. \"He made my head weary; he set me in dark places, as those dead of old.\" By these words he hints at the bitter slavery; for the Babylonian, after gouging out Zedekiah's eyes, handed him over to the mill; and what follows also makes this clear. 7. \"He made heavy the yoke on my neck.\" For he compelled me to serve the most savage masters. 8. \"And indeed, though I cry out and shout.\" For he does not accept my petition when I entreat him. 9. \"He built up my ways with marble, and made my paths disappear.\" For I am hemmed in by evils which I cannot escape. 10–11. \"He himself became to me a bear lying in wait, as a lion in secret places. He pursued me when I had revolted, and threw me into confusion.\" He showed the justice of the discipline; for I, he says, revolted first; then afterward he himself brought punishment.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":228,"ref":"p228","source":"Τούτων μέντοι τῶν προῤῥήσεων καὶ οἱ ἀρχαιότεροι μέμνηνται προ φῆται. Ἔθετό με ἠφανισμένην· (ιβʹ.) Ἐνέτεινε τὸ τόξον αὐτοῦ· καὶ ἐστήλωσέ με ὡς σκοπὸν εἰς βέλος. Οἱ κατὰ σκοποῦ βάλλοντες, καὶ ταύτην μελετῶντες τὴν τέχνην, οὐ δύο καὶ τρία καὶ τέσσαρα, ἀλλὰ πολλὰ πέμπειν εἰώθασι βέλη. Τὸ ἐπάλληλον τῆς συμφορᾶς διὰ τῶν εἰκόνων δεδήλωκε. Λέγει δὲ καὶ τῆς ψυχῆς τὴν ὀδύνην· νεφροὺς γὰρ τοὺς λογι σμοὺς καλεῖ· καὶ ὅτι ἐπίχαρτος ἐγένετο τοῖς ἐχθροῖς, οἳ καὶ τὰς ἐπενεχθείσας αὐτῇ συμφορὰς ᾄδοντες διετέλουν· Ἐγύμνωσε γάρ με, φησὶ, πάσης ἰσχύος. Τοῦτο γὰρ δηλοῖ τό· ιϛʹ. Ἐξέβαλεν ἐν ψήφῳ τοὺς ὀδόντας μου, καὶ ἐψώμισέ με σποδόν. Ὁ δὲ Σύρος, Ἐν πέτρᾳ, λέγει, ἐστέρησέ με καὶ τῆς προτέρας εἰρήνης, καὶ τῶν παντοδαπῶν ἀγαθῶν. ιηʹ. Καὶ εἶπον, Ἀπώλετο νίκη μου, καὶ ἡ ἐλπίς μου ἀπὸ Κυρίου. Ἀπηγόρευσα, φησὶ, τὰς χρηστοτέρας ἐλπίδας, ἀλλ' ὅμως τῇ συνεχεῖ τῶν ἀνιαρῶν μνήμῃ τὴν ψυχὴν κατατήκω, καὶ εἰς ἔλεον τὸν Δεσπότην ἐφέλκομαι. κβʹ. Τὰ ἐλέη Κυρίου πολλὰ ὅτι οὐκ ἐξελίπομεν, ὅτι οὐ συνετελέσθησαν οἱ οἰκτιρμοὶ αὐτοῦ. Εἰ γὰρ σύμμετρον τῇ ἁμαρτίᾳ τὴν τιμω ρίαν ἐπήγαγεν, οὐκ ἂν οὐδὲ ἡμεῖς διεφύγομεν τὴν σφαγήν. Εἶτα ὁ προφήτης τὴν ὑπὲρ αὐτῶν","english":"Of these prophecies, however, the more ancient prophets also make mention. \"He set me as one desolated\" (v. 12). \"He bent his bow, and set me as a target for the arrow.\" Those who shoot at a target, and practice this skill, are accustomed to send not two or three or four, but many arrows. He has made clear the succession of calamities through the images. And he speaks also of the pain of the soul; for he calls the reasonings \"kidneys\"; and that he became a laughingstock to the enemies, who even continued singing the calamities brought upon her. \"For he stripped me,\" he says, \"of all strength.\" For this is what the sixteenth [verse] means: \"He cast out my teeth with a pebble, and fed me with ashes.\" But the Syrian says, \"He deprived me on a rock\" both of the former peace and of all kinds of good things. (v. 18) \"And I said, My victory has perished, and my hope from the Lord.\" I gave up, he says, the better hopes, but nevertheless with the continual remembrance of grievous things I melt away my soul, and I draw the Master to mercy. (v. 22) \"The mercies of the Lord are many, that we have not failed, that his compassions have not been consumed.\" For if he had brought the punishment proportionate to the sin, not even we would have escaped the slaughter. Then the prophet [speaks] on their behalf","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":229,"ref":"p229","source":"ἱκετείαν προσφέρει. κγʹ. Ἀνακαίνισον αὐτοὺς, ὡς ὄρθρον πρωϊνόν. Ἐπειδὴ σκότος τὴν συμφορὰν προσηγόρευσεν, ὄρθρῳ παραβάλλει τὴν ταύτης μεταβολήν. \"Ἐπλη θύνθη ἡ πίστις σου εἰς τὰς πρωΐας.\" Τῆς γὰρ μεταβολῆς γενομένης, γνησιώτερον τῇ εὐσεβείᾳ προσέξουσι. Πολλοὶ γάρ εἰσιν οἱ στεναγμοί μου, καὶ ἡ καρδία μου ἐξέλιπε. κδʹ. Μερίς μου Κύριος, εἶπεν ἡ ψυχή μου, διὰ τοῦτο ὑπομενῶ αὐτόν. Ἑτέραν, φησὶν, οὐκ ἔχω καταφυγὴν, ἀλλὰ τὴν σὴν προσμένω βοήθειαν. Εἶτα διδάσκει τῆς εἰς Θεὸν ἐλπίδος τὸ χρήσιμον. κεʹ, κϛʹ. Ἀγαθὸς Κύριος τοῖς ὑπομένουσιν αὐτόν· ψυχὴ, ἣ ζητήσει αὐτὸν, ζήσεται. Ἀγα θὸν τὸ ὑπομένειν, καὶ ἐλπίζειν εἰς τὸ σωτήριον τοῦ Κυρίου. Ταῦτα εἰς ψυχαγωγίαν τῶν ἀθυμούντων διδάσκει, καὶ ἕτερα. κζʹ, κηʹ. Ἀγαθὸν ἀνδρὶ, ὅταν ἄρῃ ζυγὸν ἐκ νεότητος αὑτοῦ. Καθήσεται κατὰ μόνας, καὶ σιωπήσει, ὅτι ἦρεν ἐφ' ἑαυτὸν ζυγὸν βαρύν. Τοῦτο καὶ ὁ μακάριος ἔφη Δαβὶδ· \"Ἀγαθόν μοι, ὅτι ἐταπείνωσάς με, ὅπως ἂν μάθω τὰ δικαιώματά σου·\" τὸ δὲ, \"Καθήσεται κατὰ μόνας καὶ σιωπή σει,\" καρτερεῖν διδάσκει, καὶ ὑπομένειν τὰ λυπηρά. Συμφωνεῖ δὲ καὶ τὰ ἐπαγόμενα· κθʹ, λʹ. Δώσει ἐν χώματι στόμα αὑτοῦ· εἰ ἄρα ἐστὶν ὑπομονῆς ἐλπίς. Δώσει τῷ παίοντι αὐτὸν σιαγόνα αὑτοῦ. καὶ χορτασθήσεται ὀνειδισμῶν. Εὐαγγελικὸς οὗτος ὁ νόμος· ὁ γὰρ Κύριος διηγόρευσε, τῷ παίοντι τὴν σιαγόνα τὴν δεξιὰν, στρέψαι καὶ τὴν ἄλλην. Τὸ δὲ, \"Δώσει ἐν χώματι στόμα αὑτοῦ,\" ὁ Σύρος \"ἐν γῇ\" εἶπε· τουτέστι, Σιγήσει, καὶ οἴσει γενναίως τὰς λοιδορίας καὶ τὰ ὀνείδη, ὥσπερ γῆς ἔχων πεπληρωμένον τὸ στόμα. Τοῦτο καὶ ὁ θεσπέσιος Δαβὶδ ἐδήλωσε·","english":"He offers supplication. 23. Renew them as the morning dawn. Since he called the calamity darkness, he compares its change to the dawn. \"Your faith has been multiplied in the mornings.\" For when the change has come, they will apply themselves more genuinely to piety. For many are my groans, and my heart has fainted. 24. The Lord is my portion, my soul has said; therefore I will wait for him. I have, he says, no other refuge, but I await your help. Then he teaches the usefulness of hope in God. 25, 26. The Lord is good to those who wait for him; a soul that seeks him shall live. It is good to wait and to hope in the salvation of the Lord. He teaches these things, and others, for the encouragement of the fainthearted. 27, 28. It is good for a man when he takes up the yoke from his youth. He shall sit alone and be silent, because he has taken upon himself a heavy yoke. This the blessed David also said: \"It is good for me that you humbled me, that I might learn your statutes.\" And the phrase \"He shall sit alone and be silent\" teaches endurance and bearing patiently with sorrowful things. What follows also agrees: 29, 30. He will put his mouth in the dust—if perhaps there is hope of endurance. He will give his cheek to the one who strikes him, and he will be filled with reproaches. This law is evangelical; for the Lord enjoined that the one struck on the right cheek turn the other also. And the phrase \"He will put his mouth in the dust,\" the Syrian rendered as \"in the earth\"—that is, he will be silent and will bear nobly the insults and reproaches, as though having his mouth filled with earth. This the inspired David also made clear:","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":230,"ref":"p230","source":"\"Ἐν τῷ συστῆναι τὸν ἁμαρτωλὸν ἐναντίον μου, ἐταπεινώθην, καὶ ἐκωφώθην, καὶ ἐσίγησα ἐξ ἀγαθῶν.\" Εἶτα διδάσκει, ὡς οὐκ ἐπὶ πλεῖστον κέχρηται ταῖς παιδείαις ὁ Δεσπότης, φιλάνθρωπος ὢν, ἀλλὰ μετὰ τὴν παιδείαν ἐπάγει τὸν ἔλεον. λγʹ Οὐ. γὰρ ἐταπείνωσε, φησὶν, ἐξ ὅλης καρ δίας αὐτοῦ οὐδὲ ἀπώσατο υἱοὺς ἀνθρώπων. Ὀργιζομένου γὰρ τὸ σχῆμα, τὸ δὲ βούλημα φιλ ανθρωπίας μεστόν. Εἰς ὠφέλειαν μέντοι τῶν ἀν θρώπων κέχρηται τῇ παιδείᾳ· τοῦτο γὰρ ἐπήγαγε· λδʹ. Τοῦ ταπεινῶσαι ὑπὸ τοὺς πόδας αὑτοῦ πάντας δεσμίους γῆς, τουτέστι, τοὺς τῇ γῇ προσ δεδεμένους, καὶ μετάρσιον οὐκ ἔχοντας φρόνημα· ἀδικίᾳ γὰρ συζῶσι, καὶ τὸν ἐφορῶντα οὐ δειμαίνουσι. λζʹ, ληʹ. Τίς οὕτως εἶπε, καὶ ἐγένετο; Κύριος οὐκ ἐνετείλατο. Ἐκ στόματος Ὑψίστου οὐκ ἐξελεύσεται τὰ κακὰ καὶ τὰ ἀγαθὰ ἡμῶν. Τὴν πρόνοιαν ἀναιρούντων ὁ λόγος κατηγορεῖ· οὗτοι γὰρ εἱμαρμένῃ καὶ τύχῃ ἀνατιθέασι τὰ γιγνόμενα. λθʹ. Τί γογγύσει ἄνθρωπος ζῶν, ἀνὴρ περὶ τῆς ἁμαρτίας αὑτοῦ; Ἡ ῥᾳθυμία γὰρ, ἀλλ' οὐχὶ φύσις, πρόξενος τῆς ἁμαρτίας, οὗ δὴ χάριν καὶ τὴν τιμωρίαν ὁ δικαστὴς ἐπιφέρει τοῖς ἁμαρτάνουσιν. μʹ. Ἐξηρευνήθη ἡ ὁδὸς ἡμῶν, καὶ ἠτάσθη. Εἶδε γὰρ τὴν παρ' ἡμῶν τολμηθεῖσαν παρανομίαν. \"Καὶ ἐπιστρέψωμεν πρὸς Κύριον.\" Γένοιτο δὲ ἡμῖν πρόφασις μεταμελείας ἡ τιμωρία. μαʹ. Ἀναλάβωμεν καρδίας ἡμῶν, καὶ ἐμβλέ ψωμεν πρὸς τὸν ὑψηλὸν, τὸν κατοικοῦντα ἐν τῷ οὐρανῷ. Τῶν περιττῶν, φησὶ, φροντίδων τοὺς λο γισμοὺς ἀπαλλάξαντες, τὸν θεῖον αἰτήσωμεν ἔλεον. μβʹ. Ἡμεῖς ἡμάρτομεν, καὶ ἠσεβήσαμεν, καὶ σὺ οὐχ ἱλάσθης. Δικαίαν, φησὶ, τὴν τιμωρίαν ἐπήγαγες. μγʹ, μδʹ.","english":"When the sinner stood before me, I was humbled, and I became deaf, and I was silent from good things.\" Then he teaches that the Master does not employ chastisements to the greatest extent, being a lover of humanity, but after the chastisement he brings on mercy. 33. For he did not, he says, humble from his whole heart, nor did he cast away the sons of men. For the outward form is of one angered, but the will is full of love for humanity. Yet he employs chastisement for the benefit of men; for this he added: 34. To humble under his feet all the bound of the earth, that is, those bound to the earth, and having no lofty mind; for they live with injustice, and do not fear the one who watches over. 37, 38. Who has spoken thus, and it came to be? The Lord did not command. From the mouth of the Most High shall not go forth our evils and our goods. The account accuses those who abolish providence; for these attribute what comes to be to fate and fortune. 39. Why will a living man murmur, a man concerning his own sin? For sloth, and not nature, is the cause of sin, for which reason the judge also brings punishment upon those who sin. 40. Our way has been searched out, and has been reproved. For he saw the lawlessness dared by us. \"And let us return to the Lord.\" And may the punishment become for us an occasion of repentance. 41. Let us take up our hearts, and look to the lofty one, the one dwelling in heaven. Having, he says, freed our reasonings from superfluous cares, let us ask for divine mercy. 42. We have sinned, and we have acted impiously, and you were not propitiated. You brought on, he says, a just punishment. 43, 44.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":231,"ref":"p231","source":"Ἐσκέπασας ἐν θυμῷ, καὶ κατεδίωξας ἡμᾶς· ἀπέκτεινας, καὶ οὐκ ἐφείσω. Ἀπ εσκέπασας νεφέλην ἐστερεωμένην σεαυτῷ, ἕνεκεν τοῦ μὴ διελθεῖν πρὸς σὲ προσευχὴν ἡμῶν. Τοῦτο καὶ δι' ἑτέρου προφήτου φησὶν ὁ Θεὸς, \"Ὅτι τὰ ἁμαρτήματα ὑμῶν διιστῶσιν ἀναμέσον ὑμῶν καὶ ἐμοῦ.\" Ταύτας καὶ οὗτος τῇ νεφέλῃ ἀπείκασεν, ἣ διεκώλυσε τὴν πρόσοδον τῆς προσευχῆς. Θρηνεῖ δὲ καὶ ὀδύρεται διαφερόντως, ὁρῶν ἐπικερτομοῦντας τοὺς δυσμενεῖς, καὶ τῷ λαῷ τὰ ὀνείδη προσφέροντας· λέγει δὲ τούτους θηρεῦσαι, καὶ κατασφάξαι, καὶ εἰς λάκκον ῥίψαι, καὶ λίθον ἐπιθεῖναι, καὶ ὑποβρύχιον ποιῆσαι τῷ ὕδατι· διὰ δὲ τούτων ἁπάντων τὴν ὑπερ βολὴν δεδήλωκε τῶν κακῶν. Οὕτω καὶ ὁ\n\nθεσπέσιος Δαβὶδ ἐκ προσώπου τούτων αὐτῶν· \"Σῶσόν με, ὁ Θεὸς, ὅτι εἰσήλθοσαν ὕδατα ἕως ψυχῆς μου. Ἐνεπάγην εἰς ἰλὺν βυθοῦ, καὶ οὐκ ἔστιν ὑπόστασις. Ἦλθον εἰς τὰ βάθη τῆς θαλάσσης, καταιγὶς κατεπόντισέ με.\" Καὶ πάλιν· \"Μή με καταποντισάτω καταιγὶς ὕδατος, μηδὲ καταπιέτω με βυθὸς, μηδὲ συσχέτω ἐπ' ἐμὲ φρέαρ τὸ στόμα αὑτοῦ.\" Οὕτω καὶ ἐνταῦθα· νεʹ, νϛʹ. Ἐπεκαλεσάμην τὸ ὄνομά σου, Κύριε, ἐκ λάκκου κατωτάτου. Φωνῆς μου ἤκουσας· μὴ φράξῃς τὰ ὦτά σου εἰς τὴν δέησίν μου, καὶ εἰς τὴν κραυγήν μου. Διδάσκει καὶ ὡς ἔπεισε τὸν φιλάνθρωπον. νζʹ. Ἤγγισας γὰρ, φησὶν, ἐν ἡμέρᾳ, ἦ ἐπεκαλεσάμην σε, καὶ εἶπάς μοι, Μὴ φοβοῦ. Ἀπό χρη δὲ εἰς παραψυχὴν καὶ ὁ βραχὺς οὗτος λόγος. Εἶτα διδάσκει, ὡς αὐτοῖς καὶ τοῖς δυσμενέσι δικαίως δικάσας, ἐκείνους μὲν δουλείᾳ παρέδωκεν, αὐτοὺς δὲ ἐλευθερίας ἠξίωσεν. Αἰτήσας δὲ τοῖς δυσσεβέσι πο λεμίοις τὸν ὄλεθρον, τὸν τρίτον πεπλήρωκε θρῆνον.","english":"You covered us in anger, and you pursued us; you killed, and you did not spare. You covered yourself with a cloud that was firmly set, so that our prayer could not pass through to you. God says this also through another prophet: \"Because your sins stand between you and me.\" These too he likened to the cloud that blocked the approach of prayer. And he laments and grieves exceedingly, seeing the hostile ones mocking and heaping reproaches upon the people; and he says that they hunted them, and slaughtered them, and threw them into a pit, and placed a stone over it, and made them sink beneath the water; and through all these things he has shown the excess of the evils. Thus also the\n\ndivine David, speaking in their own person: \"Save me, O God, for the waters have come in even to my soul. I am sunk in the mire of the deep, and there is no standing. I have come into the depths of the sea, and the storm has drowned me.\" And again: \"Let not the storm of water drown me, nor let the deep swallow me up, nor let the pit shut its mouth upon me.\" Thus also here: 55, 56. I called upon your name, O Lord, from the lowest pit. You heard my voice; do not stop your ears to my supplication and to my cry. He teaches also how he persuaded the lover of humanity. 57. For you drew near, he says, on the day when I called upon you, and you said to me, Do not fear. And this brief word is sufficient for consolation. Then he teaches that, having judged justly both them and their enemies, he handed the latter over to slavery, but deemed the former worthy of freedom. And having asked for the destruction of the impious enemies, he has completed the third lamentation.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":232,"ref":"p232","source":"ΚΕΦΑΛ. Δʹ.\n\nαʹ. Πῶς ἠμαυρώθη χρυσίον, ἠλλοιώθη τὸ ἀρ γύριον τὸ ἀγαθόν· ἐξεχύθησαν λίθοι ἅγιοι ἀπ' ἀρχῆς πασῶν διεξόδων; Ταύταις ἀπεικάζει ταῖς ὕλαις τὴν τῶν προγόνων εὐσέβειαν, καὶ θρηνεῖ τῶν ἐγγόνων τὴν γεγενημένην μεταβολήν. Τοῦτο γὰρ δηλοῖ τὰ ἑξῆς· βʹ. Οἱ υἱοὶ Σιὼν, οἱ τίμιοι, οἱ ἐπηρμένοι, οἱ ὑπὲρ χρυσίον· πῶς ἐλογίσθησαν εἰς ἀγγεῖα ὀστράκινα, ἔργα χειρῶν κεραμέως; Τοῦτο καὶ διὰ τοῦ θείου Ἡσαΐου προείρηκεν ὁ Δεσπότης· \"Ὅτι ἔσονται ἄχρηστοι, ὡς κεράμιον συντριβὲν εἰς λεπτὰ ἐν οἷς οὐκ ἔστιν ὕδωρ ἀρύσασθαι, ἢ πῦρ λαβεῖν ἀπὸ καύστρας.\" γʹ. Καί γε δράκοντες ἐξεδύσαντο μασθοὺς, ἐθήλασαν σκύμνους αὑτῶν, θυγατέρες λαοῦ μου εἰς ἀνίατον, ὡς στρουθίον ἐν ἐρήμῳ. Καὶ τὰ πικρότερα, φησὶ, θηρία τῶν τέκνων ἐπιμελεῖται· ἡ δὲ τοῦ πάθους ὑπερβολὴ τῆς Σιὼν τοὺς οἰκήτορας καὶ αὐτῆς ἐπιλαθέσθαι τῆς φύσεως παρεσκεύασε· καὶ τῶν μὲν πλείστων σφαγέντων, τῶν δὲ λοιπῶν ἀνδραποδισθέντων, ὀλίγοι τινὲς μεμενήκασιν ἐοικότες στρουθίῳ μόνῳ κατὰ τὴν ἔρημον πλανωμένῳ. Δηλοῖ δὲ τὰ ὑπὸ τοῦ λιμοῦ τεχθέντα κακά. δʹ. Ἐκολλήθη γλῶσσα θηλάζοντος πρὸς τὸν φάρυγγα αὐτοῦ ἐν δίψει· νήπια ᾔτησαν ἄρτον, καὶ ὁ διακλῶν αὐτοῖς οὐκ ἦν. Διδάσκει δὲ καὶ τὴν προτέραν τούτων χλιδήν. εʹ. Οἱ ἐσθίοντες τρυφὰς ἠφανίσθησαν ἐν ταῖς ἐξόδοις. Ἀντὶ τοῦ κατὰ τὴν ἀγορὰν ἐῤῥιμμένοι. \"Οἱ τιθηνούμενοι ἐπὶ κοκκίνῳ περιελάβοντο κοπρίας.\" Λέγει δὲ τούτων τὴν ἁμαρτίαν πρόξενον γεγενῆσθαι· καὶ τῇ Σοδόμων παρατίθησι ταύτην. Λέγει δὲ καὶ τῶν Ναζιραίων τὴν πρὸ τῶν συμ φορῶν εὐδοξίαν, καὶ τὴν ἐν τῇ συμφορᾷ κακουχίαν·","english":"CHAPTER 4\n\n1. How the gold has grown dim, the good silver has changed; the holy stones have been poured out at the beginning of all the streets. By these materials he likens the piety of the ancestors, and he laments the change that has come about in their descendants. For what follows makes this clear: 2. The sons of Zion, the precious ones, the exalted ones, who were above gold—how have they been reckoned as earthen vessels, the works of a potter's hands? The Master foretold this also through the divine Isaiah: \"For they shall be useless, like a jar broken into pieces, in which there is no water to draw, or fire to take from a hearth.\" 3. Even the dragons have drawn out their breasts, they have nursed their own cubs; the daughters of my people have become incurable, like a sparrow in the desert. Even the fiercer beasts, he says, care for their young; but the excess of suffering has caused the inhabitants of Zion to forget even their own nature; and since most were slain and the rest enslaved, a few remain, like a lone sparrow wandering in the desert. He makes clear also the evils brought forth by the famine. 4. The tongue of the nursing child has stuck to its throat in thirst; infants have asked for bread, and there was no one to break it for them. He teaches also their former luxury. 5. Those who ate delicacies have been destroyed in the streets—that is, cast out in the marketplace. \"Those who were nursed in scarlet have embraced dunghills.\" He says that their sin was the cause of these things, and he compares it to that of Sodom. He speaks also of the good repute of the Nazirites before the calamities, and of their wretchedness in the calamity.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":233,"ref":"p233","source":"καὶ τὴν ἐν πολέμῳ δὲ σφαγὴν τῶν τοῦ λιμοῦ βελῶν αἱρετωτέραν εἶναί φησιν. Ἐντίθησι δὲ τῷ θρήνῳ καὶ τὸ πάντων χαλεπώτατον πάθος· ιʹ. Χεῖρες γυναικῶν οἰκτιρμόνων ἥψησαν τὰ παιδία ἑαυτῶν· ἐγένοντο εἰς βρῶσιν αὐταῖς ἐν τῷ συντρίμματι τῆς θυγατρὸς τοῦ λαοῦ μου. Τὴν γὰρ φυσικὴν φιλοστοργίαν ἡ βία τῆς πείνης ἐνίκησε. Ταῦτα δὲ τῇ Σιὼν ἐπήνεγκεν ὁ Δεσπότης ἐνδίκως ἀγανακτήσας. ιβʹ. Οὐκ ἐπίστευσαν βασιλεῖς τῆς γῆς, καὶ πάντες οἱ κατοικοῦντες τὴν οἰκουμένην, ὅτι εἰσελεύσεται ἐχθρὸς καὶ ἐκθλίβων διὰ τῶν πυλῶν Ἱερουσαλήμ. Εἶχον γὰρ ἐνέχυρα μεγάλα τοῦ πιστεῦσαι, τὰ κατὰ τὸν Σεναχηρεὶμ, οὗ τὴν στρατιὰν ἐν βραχεῖ μορίῳ νυκτὸς κατηνάλωσε. Παρεδόθη δὲ τοῖς πολεμίοις καὶ διὰ τὴν τῶν ψευδοπροφητῶν ἐξαπάτην, καὶ διὰ τὴν τῶν ἱερέων μιαιφόνιαν. ιδʹ. Εἷρψαν νεανίσκοι αὐτῆς ἐν ταῖς ἐξόδοις. Ἐξόδους τὰς ἀγυιὰς καλεῖ, καὶ τὰς καλουμένας ῥύμας· \"Ἐμολύνθησαν ἐν αἵματι ἐν τῷ μὴ δύνασθαι αὐτοὺς, ἐῤῥίφθησαν σὺν τοῖς ἐνδύμασιν αὐτῶν.\" Ὁ μὲν λιμὸς ἠνάγκαζεν ἐῤῥίφθαι· προκαθήμενοι δὲ οἱ πολέμιοι θάπτειν ἐκώλυον, οἱ δὲ κύνες τοὺς ἐῤῥιμμένους ἀνήλισκον. Λέγει δὲ καὶ τὰ παρὰ τῶν πολεμίων θρυλλούμενα· ιεʹ. Ἀπόστητε ἀπὸ","english":"And he says that slaughter in war is more desirable than the arrows of famine. He also inserts into the lament the most grievous suffering of all: 10. The hands of compassionate women boiled their own children; they became food for them in the destruction of the daughter of my people. For the violence of hunger conquered natural affection. But the Master brought these things upon Zion justly, in anger. 12. The kings of the earth did not believe, nor all the inhabitants of the world, that an enemy and oppressor would enter through the gates of Jerusalem. For they had great pledges for believing—the events concerning Sennacherib, whose army he consumed in a brief portion of the night. But it was handed over to the enemies both because of the deception of the false prophets and because of the murderousness of the priests. 14. Her young men were dragged away in the streets. He calls the streets \"exits,\" and what are called the lanes: \"They were defiled in blood when they could not, they were cast out with their garments.\" Famine compelled them to be cast out; but the enemies, sitting before them, prevented burial, and the dogs consumed those cast out. He also speaks of the things noised abroad by the enemies: 15. Depart from","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":234,"ref":"p234","source":"ἀκαθάρτων. Ἀκαθάρτους ἐκάλουν ἡμᾶς. Εἶτα δείξας, τίνας ὀνομάζει ἀκαθάρτους, ἀνέλαβε τὸ ῥητὸν, καί φησιν· \"Ἀπόστητε ἀπὸ ἀκαθάρτων· ἀπόστητε, μὴ ἐγγίσητε αὐτοῖς, ὅτι παρώξυναν,\" τουτέστι, τὸν Θεόν. \"Καὶ ἀνήφθησαν, καί γε ἐσαλεύθησαν.\" Ἐγυμνώθησαν, φησὶ, διὰ τὴν παρανομίαν τῆς θείας ἐπικουρίας. \"Εἴπατε ἐν τοῖς ἔθνεσιν, Οὐ μὴ προσθῶσι τοῦ παροικεῖν πρὸ προσώπου Κυρίου.\" Παντελῶς, φησὶν, ἡμᾶς ἀπηγόρευσεν. ιζʹ. Οἱ ὀφθαλμοὶ ἡμῶν εἰς τὴν βοήθειαν ἡμῶν ἐξέλιπον, μάταια σκοπούντων ἡμῶν· ἀπεσκοπεύσαμεν εἰς ἔθνος οὐ σῶζον. Τῇ γὰρ Αἰγυπτίων ἐπικουρίᾳ θαῤῥήσαντες, ἐψεύσθημεν τῆς ἐλπίδος. Εἶτα τὴν τῶν πολεμίων ὠμότητα δείκνυσιν· οὔτε γὰρ γῆρας φειδοῦς, οὔτε μὴν αἰδοῦς ἱερωσύνην ἠξίωσαν. ιηʹ. Ἐθηρεύσαμεν μικροὺς ἡμῶν, τοῦ μὴ εἰσπορεύεσθαι ἐν ταῖς πλατείαις ἡμῶν. Ὁ δὲ Σύρος \"ἐθήρευσαν\" ἡρμήνευσεν· καὶ ἔχει τὸ ἀκόλουθον λόγος· οἱ γὰρ πολέμιοι μετὰ τῶν γεγηρακότων καὶ τοὺς νέους ἐθήρευσαν. Ταῦτα δὲ, φησὶν, ὑπεμείναμεν, \"ὅτι ἤγγικεν ὁ καιρὸς ἡμῶν, ἐπλη-ρώθησαν αἱ ἡμέραι ἡμῶν.\" Ἔδειξεν ὁ λόγος, ὡς σταθμῷ καὶ μέτρῳ κεχρημένος ὁ τῶν ὅλων Θεὸς καὶ μακροθυμεῖ καὶ κολάζει. Ὅταν γὰρ τῇ μακροθυμίᾳ χρησάμενος καταφρονοῦντας θεάσηται, τὴν τιμωρίαν ἐπιφέρει, ἵνα παύσῃ τὴν ἁμαρτίαν. Εἶτα διδάσκει, ὡς ἡ τῶν πολεμίων ταχύτης ἐνίκησε καὶ τῶν ἀστῶν τὴν κουφότητα. Προλέγει δὲ τὸ σωτήριον πάθος· κʹ. Πνεῦμα προσώπου ἡμῶν Χριστὸς Κύριος, συνελήφθη ἐν ταῖς διαφθοραῖς ἡμῶν, ᾧ εἴπαμεν, Ἐν τῇ σκιᾷ αὐτοῦ ζησόμεθα ἐν τοῖς ἔθνεσιν. Εἰπάτωσαν οἱ Ἰουδαῖοι, τίνα καλεῖ Χριστὸν ὁ προφητικὸς λόγος;","english":"Unclean.\" They called us unclean. Then, having shown whom he calls unclean, he took up the saying again, and says: \"Depart from the unclean; depart, do not touch them, because they provoked\"—that is, God. \"And they were kindled, and indeed they were shaken.\" They were stripped, he says, of divine aid because of their lawlessness. \"Say among the nations, Let them no longer dwell before the face of the Lord.\" He has utterly forbidden us, he says. 17. Our eyes failed for our help, while we looked in vain; we watched for a nation that does not save. For having trusted in the aid of the Egyptians, we were deceived of our hope. Then he shows the cruelty of the enemies; for they spared neither old age nor did they deem the priesthood worthy of respect. 18. We hunted our little ones, so that they should not enter into our streets. But the Syrian translated it \"they hunted\"; and the account follows the sense: for the enemies hunted the young along with the aged. And these things, he says, we endured, \"because our time has drawn near, our days have been fulfilled.\" The account has shown that God of all things, using weight and measure, both is long-suffering and punishes. For when, having exercised long-suffering, he sees them despising, he brings punishment, so that he may stop the sin. Then he teaches that the swiftness of the enemies overcame even the fickleness of the citizens. And he foretells the saving passion: 20. The breath of our face, Christ the Lord, was taken in our corruptions, of whom we said, In his shadow we shall live among the nations. Let the Jews say: whom does the prophetic word call Christ?","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":235,"ref":"p235","source":"τίς δὲ τῶν παρ' αὐτοῖς κληθέντων χριστῶν, ἢ βασιλεὺς, ἢ προφήτης, ἢ ἱερεὺς, Κύριος ὠνομάσθη; ἀλλ' οὐκ ἂν ἔχοιεν δεῖξαι, καίτοι πολλῇ κεχρημένοι ψευδολογίᾳ. Δῆλον τοίνυν, ὡς τὸν Σωτῆρα καὶ Κύριον ἡμῶν προεθέσπισεν ὁ προφήτης, συλληφθέντα παρ' αὐτῶν διὰ τὴν τῆς ἀσεβείας αὐτῶν διαφθοράν. Τούτους δὲ ἐν τῇ σκιᾷ οἱ προφῆται ζήσεσθαι λέγουσι. Καὶ ἐπίστευον διὰ τῶν ἱερῶν ἀποστόλων, καὶ τῶν θείων αὐτῶν θεσπισμάτων κηρυττομένων τοῖς ἔθνεσι. Προΐδωμεν δὲ τὰ κατ' αὐτὸν, τοῦ παναγίου ἡμᾶς φωτίσαντος Πνεύματος. \"Πνεῦμα, φησὶ, προσώπου ἡμῶν Χριστὸς Κύριος.\" Ταύτην μέντοι τὴν προφητείαν ὁ προφήτης τοῖς θρήνοις ἐντέθεικε, τοὺς τηνικαῦτα Ἰουδαίους διδάσκων, ὡς διὰ τὸ μηδέπω τεχθῆναι τὴν τούτων ἐλπίδα, φειδοῦς τεύξονται, καὶ τῆς ἀνακλήσεως ἀπολαύσονται, καίτοι μέλλοντες σταυρῷ τὸν τῆς οἰκουμένης παραδώσειν Σωτῆρα. καʹ. Χαῖρε καὶ εὐφραίνου, θύγατερ Ἰδουμαίας, ἡ κατοικοῦσα ἐν γῇ Οὔζ· καί γε ἐπὶ σὲ ἐπελεύσεται, τὸ ποτήριον τοῦ Κυρίου, καὶ πίεσαι, καὶ μεθυσθήσῃ, καὶ ἀποχεεῖς. Ὑπερβολὴν αὐτοῖς κακῶν ὁ προφητικὸς προείρηκε λόγος· τοῦτο γὰρ δηλοῖ τὸ, \"μεθυσθήσῃ, καὶ ἀποχεεῖς.\" Καὶ ὁ θεσπέσιος δὲ Δαβὶδ περὶ αὐτῶν φησι, \"Μνήσθητι, Κύριε τῶν υἱῶν Ἐδὼμ, τὴν ἡμέραν Ἱερουσαλήμ· τῶν λεγόντων, Ἐκκενοῦτε, ἐκκενοῦτε, ἕως τῶν θεμελίων αὐτῆς.\" Καὶ γὰρ ἀδελφοὶ ὄντες, καὶ γειτονεύοντες, εἰρηνεύειν μὲν οὐκ ἐβούλοντο, τὸ δὲ προγονικὸν διεφύλαξαν μῖσος. κβʹ. Ἐξέλιπεν ἀνομία σοῦ, θύγατερ Σιών· οὐ προσθήσει τοῦ ἀποικίσαι σε ἔτι· ἐπεσκέψατο ἀνομίαν σου, θύγατερ Ἐδὼμ, ἀπεκάλυψεν ἐπὶ τὰ ἀσεβήματά σου.","english":"But who among those called christs by them—whether king, or prophet, or priest—was named Lord? Yet they could not show this, although they have employed great falsehood. It is clear, then, that the prophet foretold our Savior and Lord, who was seized by them because of the corruption of their impiety. And the prophets say that these will live in the shadow. And they believed through the holy apostles, when their divine oracles were proclaimed to the nations. But let us foresee the things concerning him, since the all-holy Spirit has enlightened us. \"The Spirit of our face, Christ the Lord,\" he says. The prophet, however, has inserted this prophecy into the laments, teaching the Jews of that time that because the hope of these had not yet been born, they would obtain sparing and enjoy recall, although they were about to hand over to the cross the Savior of the world. 21. Rejoice and be glad, daughter of Idumea, you who dwell in the land of Uz; and even upon you shall come the cup of the Lord, and you shall drink, and be drunk, and pour out. The prophetic word has foretold an excess of evils for them; for this is what \"you shall be drunk, and pour out\" means. And the inspired David also says concerning them, \"Remember, Lord, the sons of Edom, the day of Jerusalem; of those saying, Empty it, empty it, even to its foundations.\" For though they were brothers and neighbors, they did not wish to be at peace, but preserved the ancestral hatred. 22. Your iniquity has failed, daughter of Zion; he will no longer add to remove you; he has visited your iniquity, daughter of Edom, he has uncovered your impieties.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":236,"ref":"p236","source":"Τῇ μὲν Σιὼν προηγόρευσε τὰ χρηστά, τἀναντία δὲ τῇ Ἰδουμαίᾳ· ἐπ' αὐτῆς γὰρ ἔφη τὴν τιμωρίαν χωρήσειν. Ἀληθὲς δὲ καὶ τὸ, \"Οὐ προσθήσει τοῦ ἀποικίσαι σε ἔτι.\" Παντελῶς γὰρ οἱ ἀνδραποδίσαντες κατελύθησαν, καὶ ὑπὸ τὴν Περσῶν δυναστείαν ἐγένοντο. Ὁ μὲν οὖν προφήτης τοῦτο τοῖς θρήνοις τὸ τέλος ἐπέθηκεν· ἡμεῖς δὲ τὸν δεδωκότα στόμα ἀνθρώπῳ, καὶ διδάσκοντα ἄνθρωπον γνῶσιν ὑμνοῦμεν, ὅτι καὶ τοῦδε τοῦ προφήτου δήλην τὴν διάνοιαν, ὡς ἦν ἡμῖν ἐφικτὸν, πεποιήκαμεν, καὶ ταῖς ἄλλαις προφητικαῖς βίβλοις προστεθείκαμεν καὶ τήνδε τὴν ἑρμηνείαν, ὡς μηδὲ μίαν διὰ τὴν αὐτοῦ χάριν προφητείαν καταλιπεῖν\n\nἀνερμήνευτον. Τοὺς δέ γε ἐντευξομένους παρακαλῶ, δέξασθαι μὲν τὰ εὖ καὶ καλῶς εἰρημένα· εἰ δέ τι ἐλλείπει, συγγνῶναι. Ἄνθρωποι γὰρ ὄντες, καὶ τῆς τελειότητος ἀποδέοντες, τὴν οἰκείαν εἰσηνέγκαμεν προθυμίαν, ὠφέλειάν τινα τοῖς φιλοθέοις καὶ φιλοπόνοις πορίζοντες, οὓς ἀντιδοῦναι παρακαλοῦμεν τῷ πόνῳ τῆς ἑρμηνείας τῆς προσευχῆς τὴν βοήθειαν· ἵν' ὑπὸ ταύτης ἐρειδόμενοι τὸ λειπόμενον τῆς ζωῆς ἐξανύσωμεν, ἔργοις καὶ λόγοις καὶ λογισμοῖς τὸν Θεὸν καὶ Σωτῆρα καὶ Κύριον ἡμῶν θεραπεύοντες, μεθ' οὗ τῷ Πατρὶ, σὺν τῷ παναγίῳ Πνεύματι, δόξα πρέπει, καὶ μεγαλοπρέπεια, νῦν καὶ ἀεὶ, καὶ εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας τῶν αἰώνων. Ἀμήν.","english":"To Zion he announced good things, but the opposite to Idumea; for he said that the punishment would come upon it. And the statement \"He will no longer remove you\" is also true. For those who enslaved them were utterly destroyed and came under the dominion of the Persians. The prophet, then, set this end to his laments; but we hymn the one who gave a mouth to man and teaches man knowledge, because we have made the meaning of this prophet also clear, as far as was possible for us, and we have added this interpretation to the other prophetic books, so as not to leave a single prophecy uninterpreted through his grace. I exhort those who will read it to accept what has been said well and rightly, but if anything is lacking, to pardon it. For being men and falling short of perfection, we have contributed our own zeal, providing some benefit to those who love God and love labor, whom we ask to return, in exchange for the labor of the interpretation, the help of prayer, so that, supported by it, we may complete what remains of life, serving God and our Savior and Lord in deeds and words and thoughts, with whom glory and majesty are fitting to the Father, together with the all-holy Spirit, now and always and unto the ages of ages. Amen.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]}]}