{"slug":"khazarzar-gregory-of-nazianzus-liturgia-sancti-gregorii","id":"greek:khazarzar:khazarzar-gregory-of-nazianzus-liturgia-sancti-gregorii","title":"Liturgia sancti Gregorii","title_source":"Liturgia sancti Gregorii","author":"Gregory of Nazianzus","genre":"other","date":"","tradition":"greek","coverage":"not-located","coverage_claim":{"status":"not-located","text":"No English translation could be identified: a language model asked twice could not name one, though it could not rule one out either. That is not proof that none exists — translations in dissertations, recent books and other modern languages are easily missed."},"publication":{"status":"machine-draft","reviewed_by":null,"model":"deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash:floor","provider":"Relace","generated":"2026-11-15T07:58:43Z","cost_usd":0.0108},"source":{"registry_id":"greek:khazarzar:khazarzar-gregory-of-nazianzus-liturgia-sancti-gregorii","work_id":"khazarzar-gregory-of-nazianzus-liturgia-sancti-gregorii","edition":"khazarzar","language":"","license":"Migne PG text (public domain); khazarzar host and the digitising project state no licence for this layer","url":"http://khazarzar.skeptik.net/pgm/PG_Migne/Gregory%20of%20Nazianzus_PG%2035-38/Liturgia%20sancti%20Gregorii.pdf"},"stats":{"passages":30,"english_words":6516,"coptic_letters":0,"source_letters":28726,"commentary_units":114,"commentary_kinds":8,"derived_notes":1,"ambiguities":28,"work_notes":0,"external_links":0,"timeline":0},"summary":{},"links":[{"kind":"source","label":"Patrologia Graeca text (khazarzar mirror)","url":"http://khazarzar.skeptik.net/pgm/PG_Migne/Gregory%20of%20Nazianzus_PG%2035-38/Liturgia%20sancti%20Gregorii.pdf"}],"checks":{"work":"khazarzar-gregory-of-nazianzus-liturgia-sancti-gregorii","status":"pass","blocking":[],"warnings":[],"stats":{"passages":30,"translated":30,"commentary_passages":19,"commentary_units":114,"english_words":6516,"source_letters":28720,"commentary_kinds":8},"model":"deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash:floor"},"work_notes":[],"derived_work_notes":[{"kind":"coverage","severity":"info","text":"No English translation could be identified: a language model asked twice could not name one, though it could not rule one out either. That is not proof that none exists — translations in dissertations, recent books and other modern languages are easily missed."},{"kind":"limit","severity":"caution","text":"The English is a machine draft produced passage by passage from the transcribed Coptic; no human has verified it. The commentary is model-written and cites only keys the pipeline could resolve."},{"kind":"register","severity":"info","text":"Register: other in ancient Greek; the English keeps the liturgical formulae and the vocatives rather than normalising them."},{"kind":"structure","severity":"info","text":"Passages: 30 narrative."},{"kind":"scripture","severity":"info","text":"1 scriptural phrase match(es) noted: John 1:29."},{"kind":"source","severity":"info","text":"Source edition: khazarzar — Migne PG text (public domain); khazarzar host and the digitising project state no licence for this layer"}],"derived_structure":{"narrative":30},"term_index":[],"citations":{},"segments":[{"i":1,"ref":"p1","source":"Η ΘΕΙΑ ΛΕΙΤΟΥΡΓΙΑ ΤΟΥ ΕΝ ΑΓΙΟΙΣ ΠΑΤΡΟΣ ΗΜΩΝ ΓΡΗΓΟΡΙΟΥ. Ὁ ἐπισκεψάμενος ἡμᾶς ἐν ἐλέει καὶ οἰκτιρμοῖς, Δέσποτα Κύριε Ἰησοῦ Χριστὲ, καὶ χαρισάμενος ἡμῖν παῤῥησίαν, τοῖς ταπεινοῖς καὶ ἁμαρτωλοῖς, καὶ ἀναξίοις δούλοις σου, παραστῆναι τῷ ἁγίῳ σου θυσιαστηρίῳ, καὶ προσφέρειν σοι τὴν φοβερὰν καὶ ἀναίμακτον θυσίαν, ὑπὲρ τῶν ἡμετέρων ἁμαρτημά των, καὶ τῶν τοῦ λαοῦ σου ἀγνοημάτων, εἰς ἄνεσιν καὶ ἀνάπαυσιν τῶν προκοιμηθέντων πατέρων ἡμῶν καὶ ἀδελφῶν, καὶ στηριγμὸν παντὸς τοῦ λαοῦ σου. Ἐπίβλεψον εἰς ἐμὲ τὸν ἀχρεῖον δοῦλόν σου, καὶ ἐξάλειψόν μου τὰ παραπτώματα, διὰ τὴν σὴν εὐ σπλαγχνίαν· καὶ καθάρισόν μου τὰ χείλη καὶ τὴν καρδίαν ἀπὸ παντὸς μολυσμοῦ σαρκός τε καὶ πνεύματος· καὶ ἀπόστησον ἀπ' ἐμοῦ πάντα λογισμὸν αἰσχρόν τε καὶ ἀσύνετον· καὶ ἁγίασόν με τῇ δυνάμει τοῦ ἁγίου σου Πνεύματος εἰς τὴν λειτουργίαν ταύτην, καὶ πρόσδεξαί με διὰ τὴν σὴν ἀγαθότητα, προσεγγίζοντα τῷ ἁγίῳ σου θυσιαστηρίῳ· καὶ εὐδόκησον, Κύριε, δεκτὰ γενέσθαι τὰ μέλλοντα προσ αγόμενά σοι δῶρα, διὰ τῶν ἡμετέρων χειρῶν, συγκαταβαίνων ταῖς ἐμαῖς ἀσθενείαις· καὶ μὴ ἀποῤῥίψῃς με ἀπὸ τοῦ προσώπου σου· μὴ βδελύξῃς με, τὴν ἐμὴν ἀναξιότητα, ἀλλ' ἐλέησόν με, ὁ Θεὸς, κατὰ τὸ μέγα ἔλεός σου, καὶ κατὰ τὸ πλῆθος τῶν οἰκτιρμῶν σου ἐξάλειψον τὸ ἀνόμημά μου, ἵνα ἀκατακρίτως προσελθὼν κατενώπιον τῆς δόξης σου, καταξιωθῶ τῆς σκέπης σου, καὶ τῆς ἐλλάμψεως τοῦ παναγίου σου Πνεύματος· καὶ μὴ ὡς δοῦλος ἁμαρτίας ἀπο δόκιμος γένωμαι, ἀλλ' ὡς δοῦλος, ὃς εὕρω* χάριν καὶ ἔλεος καὶ ἄφεσιν ἁμαρτιῶν, ἐν τῷ νῦν καὶ ἐν τῷ μέλλοντι αἰῶνι.","english":"The Divine Liturgy of Our Father among the Saints Gregory. O Master Lord Jesus Christ, who have visited us in mercy and compassion, and granted us, your humble, sinful, and unworthy servants, the freedom to stand before your holy altar and to offer to you the fearful and bloodless sacrifice for our own transgressions and for the ignorances of your people, for the relief and repose of our forefathers and brethren who have fallen asleep, and for the strengthening of all your people. Look upon me, your worthless servant, and blot out my transgressions by your compassion; and cleanse my lips and my heart from every defilement of flesh and spirit; and remove from me every thought that is shameful and senseless; and sanctify me by the power of your holy Spirit for this liturgy, and accept me by your goodness as I draw near to your holy altar; and be pleased, O Lord, that the gifts about to be offered by my hands be acceptable, condescending to my weaknesses; and do not cast me away from your face; do not abhor me, my unworthiness, but have mercy on me, O God, according to your great mercy, and according to the abundance of your compassion blot out my lawlessness, that I may approach without condemnation before your glory, and be deemed worthy of your protection and of the illumination of your all-holy Spirit; and may I not become a rejected servant of sin, but a servant who finds grace and mercy and remission of sins, both now and in the age to come.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"Η ΘΕΙΑ ΛΕΙΤΟΥΡΓΙΑ ΤΟΥ ΕΝ ΑΓΙΟΙΣ ΠΑΤΡΟΣ ΗΜΩΝ ΓΡΗΓΟΡΙΟΥ","severity":"info","text":"The opening rubric identifies the work as a liturgy attributed to Gregory of Nazianzus, though its actual composition is later, likely in the Byzantine tradition.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ἀναίμακτον θυσίαν","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'bloodless sacrifice' is a standard liturgical term for the Eucharist, emphasizing the non-violent, spiritual nature of the offering.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ἐλέησόν με, ὁ Θεὸς, κατὰ τὸ μέγα ἔλεός σου","severity":"info","text":"The plea for mercy echoes Psalm 51:1 (LXX) and the Kyrie eleison tradition, common in Byzantine liturgies.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"προκοιμηθέντων πατέρων ἡμῶν καὶ ἀδελφῶν","severity":"info","text":"The reference to 'forefathers and brethren who have fallen asleep' reflects the intercessory character of the liturgy for the departed, a key feature in Byzantine anaphorae.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"Γρηγορίου","severity":"info","text":"Attribution to Gregory of Nazianzus is traditional but not historical; the liturgy likely developed in the post-iconoclastic period, drawing on his theological authority.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"εὕρω*","severity":"caution","text":"The Greek text has 'εὕρω*' with an asterisk, indicating a textual variant or editorial mark; the intended form is likely 'εὕρω' (aorist subjunctive of εὑρίσκω).","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The asterisk after εὕρω may signal a manuscript variant or a scribal correction; the reading taken is the standard subjunctive form."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":2,"ref":"p2","source":"Ναὶ, Δέσποτα παντοκράτορ, παντοδύναμε Κύριε, ἐπάκουσον τῆς δεήσεώς μου. Σὺ γὰρ εἶ ὁ τὰ πάντα ἐνεργῶν ἐν πᾶσι· καὶ τὴν παρὰ σοῦ πάντες ἐπιζητοῦμεν ἐπὶ πᾶσι βοήθειάν τε καὶ ἀντίληψιν· ὅτι φιλάνθρωπος εἶ, καὶ δεδοξασμένος ὑπάρχεις, Ἰησοῦ ὁ Θεὸς ἡμῶν, σὺν τῷ ἀνάρχῳ σου Πατρὶ, καὶ τῷ ἁγίῳ σου Πνεύματι, νῦν καὶ ἀεί. Εὐχὴ μετὰ τὴν ἑτοιμασίαν τοῦ ἁγίου θυσιαστη ρίου. Δέσποτα Κύριε Ἰησοῦ Χριστὲ, ὁ Θεὸς ἡμῶν, ὁ διὰ τῆς σωτηριώδους παρουσίας σου καὶ τῆς ἐλλάμψεως τοῦ παναγίου σου Πνεύματος καταξιώσας ἡμᾶς τοὺς ταπεινοὺς καὶ ἁμαρτωλοὺς καὶ ἀναξίους δούλους σου παραστῆναι τῷ ἁγίῳ σου θυσιαστηρίῳ, καὶ προσ φέρειν καὶ λειτουργεῖν, τοῖς ἀχράντοις μυστηρίοις τῆς καινῆς σου διαθήκης. Αὐτὸς ζωοποιὲ, καὶ ἀγα θῶν χορηγὲ, ποίησον μεθ' ἡμῶν σημεῖον εἰς ἀγαθὸν, καὶ ἀξίωσον ἡμᾶς ἐν καθαρῷ συνειδότι λατρεῦσαί σοι πάσας τὰς ἡμέρας τῆς ζωῆς ἡμῶν, καὶ ἐν ἁγιασμῷ ταύτην σοι τὴν θείαν προσενέγκειν λει τουργίαν, εἰς ἄφεσιν ἁμαρτιῶν, καὶ εἰς ἀπόλαυσιν τῆς μελλούσης μακαριότητος. Μνήσθητι, ἀγαθὲ, εὐεργέτα, βασιλεῦ τῶν αἰώνων, καὶ τῆς κτίσεως ἁπάσης δημιουργὲ, τῶν προσενεγκάντων, καὶ δι' ὧν προσήγαγον· καὶ ἡμᾶς ἀκατακρίτους διαφύλαξον ἐν τῇ ἱερουργίᾳ τῶν θείων σου μυστηρίων· ὅτι ηὐλόγηται, καὶ ἡγίασται, καὶ δεδόξασται, τὸ πάντιμον καὶ μεγαλοπρεπὲς ἅγιον ὄνομά σου, μετὰ τοῦ Πατρὸς καὶ τοῦ ἁγίου Πνεύματος νῦν, καί. Εὐχὴ τοῦ ἁγίου Εὐαγγελίου.","english":"Yes, almighty Master, all-powerful Lord, hearken to my supplication. For you are the one who works all things in all; and we all seek from you assistance and support in all things, because you are benevolent and glorified, Jesus our God, with your beginningless Father and your Holy Spirit, now and always. Prayer after the preparation of the holy altar. Master Lord Jesus Christ, our God, who through your salvific presence and the illumination of your all-holy Spirit have deemed us, your humble, sinful, and unworthy servants, worthy to stand before your holy altar and to offer and serve the pure mysteries of your new covenant. Yourself life-giver and bestower of goods, make with us a sign for good, and deem us worthy to serve you with a clear conscience all the days of our life, and to offer this divine liturgy to you in sanctification, for the remission of sins and for the enjoyment of future blessedness. Remember, O good one, benefactor, king of the ages, and creator of all creation, those who have offered and those through whom they have offered; and preserve us blameless in the sacred service of your divine mysteries; for your most honored and magnificent holy name is blessed, sanctified, and glorified, with the Father and the Holy Spirit, now, and. Prayer of the holy Gospel.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"Εὐχὴ μετὰ τὴν ἑτοιμασίαν τοῦ ἁγίου θυσιαστηρίου","severity":"info","text":"This rubric marks the transition from the preparatory rite to the prayer at the altar, structuring the liturgy into distinct phases.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ἀχράντοις μυστηρίοις","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'pure mysteries' refers to the consecrated elements, emphasizing their ritual purity and sanctity in the Eucharistic context.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ζωοποιὲ, καὶ ἀγαθῶν χορηγὲ","severity":"info","text":"The invocation of Christ as 'life-giver and bestower of goods' echoes New Testament language (e.g., Acts 3:15, 1 Cor 12:4-7) but is not a direct quotation.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"τῷ ἀνάρχῳ σου Πατρὶ","severity":"info","text":"The epithet 'beginningless' for the Father reflects the Cappadocian emphasis on the Father's eternal, unoriginate nature, a key point in Trinitarian theology.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"Εὐχὴ τοῦ ἁγίου Εὐαγγελίου","severity":"info","text":"This rubric indicates a prayer before the Gospel reading, a standard element in Byzantine liturgies, showing the integration of scripture into the Eucharistic rite.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"νῦν, καί","severity":"caution","text":"The Greek text breaks off with 'νῦν, καί' ('now, and'), suggesting a lacuna or incomplete sentence in the manuscript tradition.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase 'νῦν, καί' at the end is incomplete; it may be a scribal break or a deliberate pause in the prayer."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":3,"ref":"p3","source":"Εἰρήνη πᾶσιν. Δέσποτα Κύριε Ἰησοῦ Χριστὲ ὁ Θεὸς ἡμῶν, ὁ τοῖς ἁγίοις σου μαθηταῖς καὶ ἱεροῖς σου ἀποστόλοις εἰπὼν, ὅτι πολλοὶ προφῆται καὶ δίκαιοι ἐπεθύ μησαν ἰδεῖν ἃ βλέπετε, καὶ οὐκ εἶδον· καὶ ἀκοῦσαι ἃ ἀκούετε, καὶ οὐκ ἤκουσαν· ὑμῶν γὰρ μακάριοι οἱ ὀφθαλμοὶ ὅτι βλέπουσι, καὶ τὰ ὦτα ὑμῶν, ὅτι ἀκούει. Καὶ καταξιωθείημεν ἄρτι τοῦ ἀκοῦσαι καὶ ποιῆσαι τὰ ἅγιά σου Εὐαγγέλια, ταῖς λιταῖς\n\nτῶν ἱερῶν σου. Μνημόνευσον οὖν, Δέσποτα, καὶ νῦν, πάντων τῶν ἐντειλαμένων ἡμῖν ἀναξίοις, τοῦ μνημονεύειν αὐ τῶν εἰς τὰς δεήσεις ἡμετέρας, καὶ τὰς αἰτήσεις, ἃς ἀναβιβάζομέν σοι, Κύριε ὁ Θεὸς ἡμῶν. Τοὺς προτετελευτηκότας, ἀνάπαυσον αὐτούς· κάμνοντας, ἔῤῥω σον αὐτούς· σὺ γὰρ εἶ ζωὴ ἡμῶν πάντων, καὶ σω τηρία ἡμῶν πάντων· καὶ ἐλπὶς ἡμῶν πάντων, καὶ ἴασις ἡμῶν πάντων, καὶ ἀνάστασις οἰκεία πάντων ἡμῶν· καὶ σοὶ τὴν δόξαν, τιμὴν, καὶ προσκύνησιν ἀναπέμπομεν, σὺν τῷ παντοκράτορί σου, καὶ παντεπόπτῃ τεκόντι καὶ τῷ παναγίῳ καὶ ζωαρχικῷ καὶ ὁμοουσίῳ σου Πνεύματι, νῦν καὶ ἀεί. Εὐχὴ τοῦ καταπετάσματος. Οὐδεὶς ἄξιος τῶν συνδεδεμένων ταῖς σαρκικαῖς ἐπιθυμίαις καὶ ἡδοναῖς προσέρχεσθαι, ἢ προσεγγίζειν, ἢ λειτουργεῖν σοι, Βασιλεῦ τῆς δόξης. Τὸ γὰρ διακονεῖν σοι, μέγα καὶ φοβερὸν, καὶ αὐταῖς ταῖς ἐπουρανίαις δυνάμεσιν ἀπρόσιτον. Ἀλλ' ὅμως διὰ τὴν ἄφατον καὶ ἄμετρόν σου φιλανθρωπίαν, ἀτρέπτως, καὶ ἀναλλοίως γέγονας ἄνθρωπος, καὶ ἀρχιερεὺς ἡμῖν ἐχρημάτισας, καὶ τῆς λειτουργικῆς ταύ της καὶ ἀναιμάκτου θυσίας τὴν ἱερουργίαν παρέδωκας ἡμῖν, ὡς Δεσπότης τῶν ἁπάντων.","english":"Peace to all. Master Lord Jesus Christ our God, who said to your holy disciples and sacred apostles that many prophets and righteous ones desired to see what you see, and did not see; and to hear what you hear, and did not hear; for blessed are your eyes because they see, and your ears because they hear. And may we be deemed worthy now to hear and to do your holy Gospels, through the supplications of your sacred ones. Remember therefore, Master, also now, all those who charged us unworthy ones to remember them in our prayers and petitions, which we offer up to you, Lord our God. Those who have died before us, give them rest; those who are laboring, strengthen them; for you are the life of us all, and the salvation of us all, and the hope of us all, and the healing of us all, and the proper resurrection of us all; and to you we send up glory, honor, and worship, together with your almighty and all-seeing Father and your all-holy, life-originating, and consubstantial Spirit, now and always. Prayer of the curtain. No one bound by fleshly desires and pleasures is worthy to approach, or draw near, or minister to you, King of glory. For serving you is great and fearful, and inaccessible even to the heavenly powers themselves. But nevertheless, on account of your ineffable and immeasurable love for humanity, you became man unchangeably and unalterably, and you acted as high priest for us, and you handed down to us the sacred rite of this liturgical and bloodless sacrifice, as Master of all.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"sense","kind":"sense","basis":"text","lemma":"Εἰρήνη πᾶσιν","severity":"info","text":"The opening phrase 'Peace to all' is a liturgical greeting, common in Eastern rites, signaling the start of a prayer or reading.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"πολλοὶ προφῆται καὶ δίκαιοι ἐπεθύμησαν ἰδεῖν ἃ βλέπετε","severity":"info","text":"This echoes a saying attributed to Christ, not found verbatim in the canonical Gospels, but reminiscent of Matthew 13:16-17 and Luke 10:23-24 on the blessedness of the disciples' vision.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ὁμοουσίῳ","severity":"info","text":"The term 'consubstantial' (ὁμοούσιος) is a key Christological and Trinitarian term from the Nicene Creed, asserting the shared substance of the Holy Spirit with the Father and Son.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"Εὐχὴ τοῦ καταπετάσματος","severity":"info","text":"The 'Prayer of the curtain' refers to a liturgical moment in the Byzantine rite when the veil before the sanctuary is drawn, marking a transition in the Divine Liturgy.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"Εὐχὴ τοῦ καταπετάσματος","severity":"info","text":"This passage is structurally a prayer unit within the Liturgy of St. Gregory, following the preparation of the altar and preceding the anaphora, as indicated by the rubric.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"ἀναιμάκτου θυσίας","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'bloodless sacrifice' reflects the early Christian and patristic understanding of the Eucharist as a non-violent offering, contrasting with pagan animal sacrifices.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The Greek text has minor textual variants (e.g., 'ἐπεθύ μησαν' for 'ἐπεθύμησαν') that are likely scribal errors; the reading follows the standard critical text."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":4,"ref":"p4","source":"Σὺ γὰρ (εἶ*) δεσπόζεις τῶν ἐπουρανίων, καὶ ἐπιγείων καὶ τῶν καταχθονίων· ὁ ἐπὶ θρόνου χερουβικοῦ ἐποχούμενος· ὁ τῶν σεραφὶμ Κύριος, καὶ Βασιλεὺς τοῦ Ἰσραήλ· ὁ μόνος ἅγιος, καὶ ἐν ἁγίοις ἀναπαυόμενος. Σὲ τοίνυν δυσωπῶ τὸν μόνον ἀγαθὸν, καὶ εὐήκοον Θεὸν, ἐπίβλεψον ἐπ' ἐμὲ τὸν ἁμαρτωλὸν, καὶ ἀχρεῖον δοῦλόν σου· καὶ ἱκάνωσόν με τῇ δυνάμει τοῦ ἁγίου Πνεύματος, ἐνδεδυμένον τὴν τῆς ἱερατείας χάριν, παραστῆναι τῇ ἁγίᾳ σου ταύτῃ τραπέζῃ, καὶ ἱερουργῆσαι τὸ ἄχραντόν σου σῶμα, καὶ τὸ τιμιόν σου αἷμα. Σοὶ γὰρ προσέρχομαι κλίνας τὸν ἐμαυτοῦ αὐχένα· καὶ δέομαί σου, μὴ ἀποστρέψῃς τὸ πρόσ ωπόν σου ἀπ' ἐμοῦ· μηδὲ ἀποδοκιμάσῃς με ἐκ παίδων σου· ἀλλ' ἀξίωσόν με προσενεχθῆναί σοι τὰ δῶρα ταῦτα, ὑπ' ἐμοῦ τοῦ ἁμαρτωλοῦ καὶ ἀναξίου δούλου σου· Σὺ γὰρ εἶ ἁγιάζων καὶ ἁγιαζόμενος· προσφέρων τε καὶ προσφερόμενος· ὁ δεχόμενος καὶ δεκτός· ὁ διδοὺς καὶ διαδιδόμενος· καὶ σοὶ δόξαν ἀναπέμπομεν, μετὰ τοῦ Πατρὸς καὶ τοῦ ἁγίου Πνεύματος.","english":"For you are master of the heavenly, the earthly, and the subterranean; you who ride upon the cherubic throne; you who are Lord of the seraphim and King of Israel; you who alone are holy and repose among the holy. Therefore I beseech you, the only good and gracious God: look upon me, your sinful and worthless servant, and empower me with the strength of the Holy Spirit, clothed in the grace of the priesthood, to stand before this holy table of yours and to perform the sacred rite of your immaculate body and your precious blood. For I approach you, bowing my own neck, and I entreat you: do not turn your face away from me, nor reject me from among your children, but deem me worthy to offer these gifts to you, from me, your sinful and unworthy servant. For you are the one who sanctifies and is sanctified, who offers and is offered, who receives and is received, who gives and is distributed; and we send up glory to you, together with the Father and the Holy Spirit.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"sense","kind":"sense","basis":"text","lemma":"Σὺ γὰρ δεσπόζεις τῶν ἐπουρανίων, καὶ ἐπιγείων καὶ τῶν καταχθονίων","severity":"info","text":"The threefold cosmic domain (heavenly, earthly, subterranean) echoes the traditional scope of Christ's sovereignty in late antique liturgical prayers, emphasizing universal lordship.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ἐπὶ θρόνου χερουβικοῦ ἐποχούμενος","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'riding upon the cherubic throne' is a fixed epithet in Byzantine liturgy, derived from the vision of God enthroned above the cherubim in Ezekiel 1 and 10.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ὁ μόνος ἅγιος, καὶ ἐν ἁγίοις ἀναπαυόμενος","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'who alone are holy and repose among the holy' alludes to the Trisagion and to Psalm 22:3 (LXX: 'ἐν ἁγίοις ἀναπαύεται'), applied to God in liturgical acclamations.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"Σὺ γὰρ εἶ ἁγιάζων καὶ ἁγιαζόμενος· προσφέρων τε καὶ προσφερόμενος· ὁ δεχόμενος καὶ δεκτός· ὁ διδοὺς καὶ διαδιδόμενος","severity":"info","text":"This series of antithetical participles (sanctifying/sanctified, offering/offered, etc.) forms a liturgical paradox typical of anaphoral prayers, emphasizing Christ's dual role as priest and victim.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"ἱκάνωσόν με τῇ δυνάμει τοῦ ἁγίου Πνεύματος, ἐνδεδυμένον τὴν τῆς ἱερατείας χάριν","severity":"info","text":"The request for empowerment by the Holy Spirit and the reference to being 'clothed in the grace of the priesthood' reflect the ordination and preparation of the celebrant in the Byzantine rite, as seen in the Liturgy of St. Basil.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"Σὺ γὰρ (εἶ*) δεσπόζεις","severity":"caution","text":"The Greek text has a parenthetical asterisk after 'εἶ', indicating a textual variant or editorial insertion; the sense is not affected, but the transmission of this passage may involve minor scribal corrections.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The Greek text includes a parenthetical asterisk after 'εἶ' in the first line, suggesting a possible scribal emendation or variant reading, but the overall meaning is clear."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":5,"ref":"p5","source":"Εὐχὴ ἄλλη καταπετάσματος παρ' Αἰγυπτίοις. Κύριε ὁ Θεὸς ἡμῶν ὁ παντοκράτωρ, ὁ ἐπιστά μενος τὸν νοῦν τῶν ἀνθρώπων, ὁ ἐτάζων καρδίας, καὶ νεφρούς· ὁ ἐμὲ τὸν ἀνάξιον καλέσας πρὸς τὴν σὴν λειτουργίαν ταύτην· μὴ βδελύξῃς με, μηδὲ τὸ πρόσωπόν σου ἀποστρέψῃς ἀπ' ἐμοῦ· ἀλλ' ἐξάλειψόν μου πάντα τὰ παραπτώματα, καὶ ἀπόπλυνόν μου τὸν ῥύπον τοῦ σώματος, καὶ τὸν σπῖλον τῆς ψυχῆς, καὶ ὅλον με ἁγίασον, ἵνα μὴ ἱκετεύων σε δοῦναι ἄφεσιν ἄλλοις ἁμαρτιῶν, αὐτὸς ἀδόκιμος γένωμαι. Ναὶ, Κύριε, μὴ ἀποστραφείης με τεταπεινωμένον καὶ κατησχυμμένον, ἀλλ' ἐξαπόστειλόν μοι τὴν χάριν τοῦ ἁγίου σου Πνεύματος, καὶ ἀξίωσόν με παραστῆναι ἐπὶ τὸ ἅγιόν σου θυσιαστήριον ἀκατακρίτως, καὶ προσφέρειν σοι λογικὴν καὶ ἀναίμακτον προσφορὰν ταύτην, μετὰ συνειδήσεως καθαρᾶς, εἰς συγχώρησιν τῶν ἡμῶν ἁμαρτημάτων, καὶ τῶν παραπτωμάτων· καὶ εἰς ἄφεσιν τῶν τοῦ λαοῦ σου ἀγνοημάτων· εἰς ἀνάπαυσιν καὶ ἀναψυχὴν τῶν προ κεκοιμημένων πατέρων ἡμῶν καὶ ἀδελφῶν, καὶ εἰς στηριγμὸν παντὸς τοῦ λαοῦ σου, εἰς δόξαν σὴν τοῦ Πατρὸς καὶ τοῦ Υἱοῦ, καὶ τοῦ ἁγίου Πνεύματος νῦν.","english":"Another prayer of the veil, from the Egyptians. Lord our God, almighty, who oversee the mind of men, who examine hearts and kidneys; who called me, the unworthy one, to this your liturgy: do not abhor me, nor turn your face away from me; but blot out all my transgressions, and wash away the filth of my body and the stain of my soul, and sanctify me entirely, that I may not, while beseeching you to grant remission of sins to others, myself become reprobate. Yes, Lord, do not turn away from me, humbled and ashamed, but send me the grace of your Holy Spirit, and deem me worthy to stand before your holy altar without condemnation, and to offer you this rational and bloodless offering, with a clear conscience, for the forgiveness of our sins and transgressions; and for the remission of the ignorances of your people; for the rest and refreshment of our fathers and brethren who have fallen asleep before us, and for the strengthening of all your people, to the glory of you, the Father and the Son and the Holy Spirit, now.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"Εὐχὴ ἄλλη καταπετάσματος παρ' Αἰγυπτίοις","severity":"info","text":"The rubric identifies this as a second prayer of the veil from Egyptian sources, marking a distinct liturgical unit within the manuscript tradition.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"καταπέτασμα","severity":"info","text":"Καταπέτασμα (veil) refers to the curtain before the sanctuary in Eastern liturgy, drawn during the anaphora; its mention here signals a prayer for the celebrant's preparation.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ὁ ἐτάζων καρδίας, καὶ νεφρούς","severity":"info","text":"The phrase echoes Old Testament language of divine scrutiny, e.g., Psalm 7:9 (LXX) and Jeremiah 11:20, where God examines hearts and kidneys as seats of thought and emotion.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"παρ' Αἰγυπτίοις","severity":"info","text":"The attribution to Egyptian Christians reflects the influence of Egyptian monastic liturgy on Byzantine prayer forms, possibly transmitted via the Coptic tradition.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"λογικὴν καὶ ἀναίμακτον προσφορὰν","severity":"info","text":"Λογική (rational) and ἀναίμακτος (bloodless) describe the Eucharistic offering as spiritual and non-sacrificial, aligning with patristic theology of the Eucharist as a bloodless sacrifice.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"εἰς ἀνάπαυσιν καὶ ἀναψυχὴν τῶν προκεκοιμημένων","severity":"info","text":"The prayer for the departed (προκεκοιμημένων) reflects the early Byzantine practice of intercession for the dead, later formalized in the diptychs of the liturgy.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The rubric 'παρ' Αἰγυπτίοις' may indicate either Egyptian origin or a liturgical use among Egyptian Christians; the exact provenance is uncertain.","The phrase 'λογικὴν ... προσφορὰν' could be interpreted as 'spiritual offering' or 'offering of the Word'; the translation 'rational' follows patristic usage."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":6,"ref":"p6","source":"Εὐχὴ τοῦ ἀσπασμοῦ Εἰρήνη πᾶσιν. Ὁ ὢν, καὶ προὼν, καὶ διαμένων εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας· ὁ τῷ Πατρὶ συναΐδιος καὶ ὁμοούσιος, καὶ σύνθρονος καὶ συνδημιουργός. Ὁ διὰ μόνην ἀγαθότητα\n\nἐκ τοῦ μὴ ὄντος εἰς τὸ εἶναι παράγων τὸν ἄνθρωπον, καὶ θέμενος αὐτὸν ἐν παραδείσῳ τρυφῆς. Ἀπάτῃ δὲ τοῦ ἐχθροῦ καὶ παρακοῇ τῆς σῆς ἐντολῆς παραπεσόντα, ἀνακαινίσαι βουλόμενος καὶ πρὸς τὸ ἀρχαῖον ἀναγα γεῖν ἀξίωμα, οὐκ ἄγγελος, οὐκ ἀρχάγγελος, οὐ πατριάρχης, οὐ προφήτης τὴν ἡμῶν ἐνεχείρησας σωτη ρίαν· ἀλλ' αὐτὸς ἀτρέπτως σὰρξ γενόμενος, καὶ ἐνηνθρώπησας, κατὰ πάντα ὁμοιώθης ἡμῖν, ἐκτὸς μόνης τῆς ἁμαρτίας· μεσίτης ἡμῶν γενόμενος, καὶ τοῦ Πατρὸς, καὶ τὸ μεσότοιχον τοῦ φραγμοῦ, καὶ τὴν χρονίαν ἔχθραν καθελὼν, τὰ ἐπίγεια τοῖς ἐπου ρανίοις συνῆψας, καὶ τὰ ἀμφότερα εἰς ἓν συνήγαγες καὶ τὴν ἔνσαρκον ἐπλήρωσας οἰκονομίαν. Καὶ μέλλων σωματικῶς ἐλαύνειν εἰς τοὺς οὐρανοὺς, θεϊκῶς τὰ πάντα πληρῶν, τοῖς ἁγίοις σου μαθηταῖς, καὶ ἀποστόλοις ἔλεγες· Εἰρήνην ἀφίημι ὑμῖν· εἰ ρήνην τὴν ἐμὴν δίδωμι ὑμῖν. Ταύτην καὶ νῦν εἰρήνην ἡμῖν δώρησαι, Δέσποτα· χάρισαι παντὸς ἀποκάθαρον μολύσματος, παντὸς δόλου καὶ πάσης κακίας, καὶ πανουργίας, καὶ τῆς θανατηφόρου μνησικακίας, καὶ καταξίωσον ἡμᾶς ἀσπάσασθαι ἀλλήλους ἐν φιλήματι ἁγίῳ, εἰς τὸ μετασχεῖν ἀκατακρίτως τῆς ἀθανάτου καὶ ἐπουρανίου σου δω ρεᾶς· χάριτι τῆς εὐδοκίας τοῦ Πατρὸς, καὶ ἐνερ γείᾳ τοῦ ἁγίου Πνεύματος. Σὺ γὰρ εἶ ὁ χορηγὸς καὶ δοτὴρ πάντων τῶν ἀγαθῶν, καὶ σοὶ τὴν δόξαν, τὴν ἀΐδιον δοξολογίαν ἀναπέμπομεν, σὺν τῷ ἀνάρχῳ σου Πατρὶ, καὶ τῷ ἁγίῳ σου Πνεύματι, νῦν καὶ ἀεί.","english":"Prayer of the kiss. Peace to all. The one who is, and pre-exists, and endures through the ages; coeternal and consubstantial with the Father, and co-throned and co-creator. Who, solely out of goodness, brought man from non-being into being, and placed him in the paradise of delight. But when he fell through the deceit of the enemy and disobedience to your commandment, wishing to renew him and lead him back to his ancient dignity, you entrusted the salvation of us not to an angel, not to an archangel, not to a patriarch, not to a prophet; but you yourself, unchanged, became flesh and were made man, being made like us in all things except sin alone; becoming mediator between us and the Father, and having demolished the partition wall of the fence and the long-standing enmity, you joined the earthly to the heavenly, and brought both into one, and fulfilled the incarnate economy. And when you were about to depart bodily into the heavens, while divinely filling all things, you said to your holy disciples and apostles: I leave peace to you; I give you my peace. Grant us this peace now also, O Master; bestow upon us purification from every defilement, from every deceit and every evil, and from every malice and deadly rancor, and deem us worthy to greet one another with a holy kiss, so that we may partake without condemnation of your immortal and heavenly gift; by the grace of the Father’s good will and the energy of the Holy Spirit. For you are the provider and giver of all good things, and to you we send up glory, the eternal doxology, together with your beginningless Father and your Holy Spirit, now and always.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"Εὐχὴ τοῦ ἀσπασμοῦ","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'Prayer of the kiss' refers to the liturgical kiss of peace, a ritual greeting exchanged before the anaphora in Eastern liturgies.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"Εἰρήνην ἀφίημι ὑμῖν","severity":"info","text":"The words attributed to Christ, 'I leave peace to you; I give you my peace,' echo John 14:27, where Jesus says 'Peace I leave with you; my peace I give you' before his ascension.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"background","lemma":"ὁμοούσιος","severity":"info","text":"The term 'homoousios' (consubstantial) was a key Nicene Creed term (325 CE) affirming the Son's full divinity, coeternal and of the same substance as the Father.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"Εὐχὴ τοῦ ἀσπασμοῦ Εἰρήνη πᾶσιν","severity":"info","text":"This prayer is a liturgical unit for the kiss of peace, following the veil prayer and preceding the anaphora, as indicated by the rubric 'Prayer of the kiss. Peace to all.'","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"background","lemma":"Λειτουργία τοῦ ἁγίου Γρηγορίου","severity":"info","text":"This prayer is attributed to Gregory of Nazianzus in the Coptic tradition, though its theological density (e.g., 'co-creator') reflects later Christological developments beyond his 4th-century context.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"συνδημιουργός","severity":"caution","text":"The term 'co-creator' (συνδημιουργός) for the Son is unusual in Greek patristic literature and may reflect a later theological interpolation or a Coptic liturgical adaptation.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase 'co-creator' (συνδημιουργός) is ambiguous: it could be a later addition or a deliberate theological statement about the Son's role in creation, but it is not standard in Gregory's known works."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":7,"ref":"p7","source":"Εὐχὴ ἄλλη τοῦ ἀσπασμοῦ. Χριστὲ ὁ Θεὸς ἡμῶν, ἡ φοβερὰ καὶ ἀπερινόητος δύναμις τοῦ Θεοῦ καὶ Πατρός· ὁ τοῦ φλογίνου θρό νου τῶν χερουβὶμ ὑπερκαθήμενος καὶ ὑπὸ πυρίνων δυνάμεων δορυφορούμενος, καὶ πῦρ καταναλίσκον ὑπάρχων ὡς Θεός· καὶ διὰ τὴν σὴν ἄφατον συγκατάβασιν καὶ φιλανθρωπίαν μὴ φλέξας τῷ προσεγ γισμῷ τὸν δολερὸν προδότην, ἀλλὰ φιλικὸν αὐτὸν ἀσπασάμενος, ἕλκων αὐτὸν εἰς μετάνοιαν καὶ ἐπί γνωσιν τοῦ ἰδίου τολμήματος. Καταξίωσον ἡμᾶς, Δέσποτα, ἐπὶ τῆς φρικτῆς ταύτης ὥρας, ἐν ὁμονοίᾳ καὶ δίχα παντὸς ἐν δύο θυμοῦ, καὶ λειψάνου κακίας ἀπολαβεῖν ἀλλήλους ἐν ἁγίῳ φιλήματι. Καὶ μὴ κατακρίνῃς ἡμᾶς ὑπὲρ μὴ ὁλοτελῶς, καὶ καθὼς ἀρέσαι τῇ σῇ ἀγαθότητι, καθαρεύωμεν ἀπὸ πάσης τρυγὸς ἁμαρτίας καὶ πονηρίας καὶ τῆς θανατηφόρου μνησικακίας· ἀλλ' αὐτὸς τῇ σῇ ἀφάτῳ, καὶ ἀνεκδιηγήτῳ εὐσπλαγχνίᾳ εἰδὼς τὸ πλάσμα ἡμῶν τὸ ἀσθενὲς, καὶ κάτω βρίθον, ἐξάλειψον πᾶσαν κηλίδα παραπτωμάτων ἡμῶν, ἵνα μὴ εἰς κρῖμα, ἢ εἰς κατάκριμα ἡμῖν γένηται τὸ θεῖον τοῦτο μυστήριον. Σὺ γὰρ εἶ ὁ δυνάμενος πᾶ σαν ἀφίειν ἁμαρτίαν, καὶ ὑπερβαίνειν ἀδικίας καὶ ἀνομίας τῶν ταλαιπώρων ἀνθρώπων, καθαρισμὸς τοῦ κόσμου παντὸς ὑπάρχων, καὶ σοὶ πρέπει ἡ παρὰ παντὸς συμφώνως δοξολογία, τιμὴ καὶ προσκύνησις, ἅμα τῷ ἀχράντῳ σου Πατρὶ, καὶ τῷ ζωοποιῷ σου Πνεύματι νῦν, κ. λ. Καὶ γίνεται ἀσπασμός. Ὁ διάκονος λέγει· Στῶμεν καλῶς.","english":"Another prayer of the kiss. Christ our God, the fearful and incomprehensible power of God the Father; who sits above the fiery throne of the cherubim and is attended by fiery powers, and exists as consuming fire as God; and through your ineffable condescension and love for mankind, you did not burn the treacherous betrayer with your approach, but greeted him in a friendly manner, drawing him to repentance and recognition of his own audacity. Deign, O Master, at this dread hour, that we may receive one another in a holy kiss in concord and without any anger or remnant of malice. And do not condemn us for not being entirely, and as would please your goodness, purified from every dreg of sin and wickedness and deadly rancor; but by your ineffable and indescribable compassion, knowing our weak and downward-burdened creation, erase every stain of our transgressions, so that this divine mystery may not become a judgment or condemnation for us. For you are the one who can forgive every sin and pass over the injustices and lawlessness of wretched men, being the purification of the whole world, and to you is due unanimous doxology, honor, and worship, together with your immaculate Father and your life-giving Spirit now, etc. And the kiss takes place. The deacon says: Let us stand well.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ἀσπασμός","severity":"info","text":"The term ἀσπασμός (kiss) here refers to the liturgical kiss of peace, a ritual exchange of greeting among the congregation before the anaphora.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"πῦρ καταναλίσκον","severity":"info","text":"The image of Christ as 'consuming fire' (πῦρ καταναλίσκον) echoes the theophany of the burning bush in Exodus 3:2 and the fiery chariot of Ezekiel 1, common in patristic descriptions of divine power.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"background","lemma":"δολερὸν προδότην","severity":"info","text":"The 'treacherous betrayer' (δολερὸν προδότην) likely refers to Judas Iscariot, whose kiss of betrayal is contrasted with the holy kiss of the liturgy. This typology appears in early Christian homilies.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"Καὶ γίνεται ἀσπασμός","severity":"info","text":"The rubric 'And the kiss takes place' marks the transition from prayer to ritual action, indicating that the prayer is recited before the actual exchange of the kiss.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"background","lemma":"Στῶμεν καλῶς","severity":"info","text":"The deacon's exclamation 'Let us stand well' (Στῶμεν καλῶς) is a standard liturgical directive in Byzantine rites, calling the congregation to reverent posture before the anaphora.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"μὴ ὁλοτελῶς","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase μὴ ὁλοτελῶς (not entirely) is grammatically incomplete; the sense is that the congregation asks not to be condemned for failing to be fully purified as would please God's goodness.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of the 'treacherous betrayer' (δολερὸν προδότην) is not explicitly named; the reading assumes Judas Iscariot, but it could refer to a generic figure of betrayal."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":8,"ref":"p8","source":"Ὁ λαὸς λέγει· Ἔλεος εἰρήνης.\n\nὉ ἱερεὺς ἐκφωνήσει· Ἡ ἀγάπη τοῦ Θεοῦ Πατρὸς, καὶ ἡ χάρις τοῦ μο νογενοῦς Υἱοῦ, Κυρίου δὲ καὶ Θεοῦ, καὶ Σωτῆρος ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ· καὶ ἡ κοινωνία, καὶ ἡ δωρεὰ τοῦ ἁγίου Πνεύματος, εἴη μετὰ πάντων ὑμῶν. Ὁ λαὸς λέγει. Καὶ μετὰ τοῦ πνεύματός σου. Ὁ ἱερεὺς λέγει. Ἄνω σχῶμεν τὰς καρδίας.\n\nὉ λαὸς λέγει. Ἔχομεν πρὸς τὸν Κύριον.\n\nὉ ἱερεὺς λέγει. Εὐχαριστήσωμεν τῷ Κυρίῳ.\n\nὉ λαὸς λέγει. Ἄξιον καὶ δίκαιον.\n\nὉ ἱερεὺς λέγει. Ἄξιον καὶ δίκαιον, ἄξιον καὶ δίκαιον. Ἀρχὴ τῆς προσκομιδῆσ Ἀληθῶς γὰρ ἄξιόν ἐστιν, καὶ δίκαιόν σε αἰνεῖν, σὲ εὐλογεῖν, σὲ προσκυνεῖν, σὲ δοξάζειν τὸν μόνον ἀληθινὸν Θεὸν, τὸν φιλάνθρωπον, τὸν ἄφραστον, τὸν ἀόρατον, τὸν ἀχώρητον, τὸν ἄναρχον, τὸν αἰώνιον, τὸν ἄχρονον, τὸν ἀμέτρητον, τὸν\n\nἄτρεπτον, τὸν ἀπερινόητον· τὸν ποιητὴν τῶν ὅλων, τὸν λυτρωτὴν τῶν ἁπάντων· τὸν εὐιλατεύοντα πάσαις ταῖς ἀνομίαις ἡμῶν· τὸν ἰώμενον πάσας νόσους ἡμῶν· τὸν λυτρούμενον ἐκ φθορᾶς τὴν ζωὴν ἡμῶν· τὸν στεφανοῦντα ἡμᾶς, ἐν ἐλέει καὶ οἰκτιρμοῖς. Σὲ αἰνοῦσιν ἄγγελοι· σὲ προσκυνοῦσιν ἀρχάγγελοι· σὲ ἀρχαὶ ὑμνοῦσι· σὲ κυριότητες ἀνακράζουσι· τὴν σὴν δόξαν ἐξουσίαι ἀναγορεύουσι· σοὶ θρόνοι τὴν εὐφημίαν ἀναπέμπουσι· χίλιαι χιλιάδες σοι παραστήκουσι, καὶ μύριαι μυριάδες σοι τὴν λειτουργίαν προσάγουσι. Σὲ ὑμνεῖ τὰ ἀόρατα· σὲ προσκυνεῖ τὰ φαινόμενα, πάντα ποιοῦντα τὸν λόγον σου, Δέσποτα.","english":"The people say: Mercy of peace.\n\nThe priest will proclaim: The love of God the Father, and the grace of the only-begotten Son, our Lord and God and Savior Jesus Christ; and the communion and gift of the Holy Spirit, be with all of you. The people say: And with your spirit. The priest says: Let us lift up our hearts.\n\nThe people say: We have them toward the Lord.\n\nThe priest says: Let us give thanks to the Lord.\n\nThe people say: It is worthy and right.\n\nThe priest says: Worthy and right, worthy and right. Beginning of the prothesis. For truly it is worthy and right to praise you, to bless you, to worship you, to glorify you, the only true God, the lover of mankind, the ineffable, the invisible, the uncontainable, the beginningless, the eternal, the timeless, the immeasurable, the unchangeable, the incomprehensible; the maker of all things, the redeemer of all; the one who is propitious to all our transgressions; the one who heals all our diseases; the one who delivers our life from corruption; the one who crowns us with mercy and compassion. Angels praise you; archangels worship you; principalities hymn you; dominions acclaim you; powers proclaim your glory; thrones send up praise to you; thousands upon thousands stand by you, and myriads upon myriads offer you their service. The invisible things hymn you; the visible things worship you, all doing your word, O Master.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"Ἀρχὴ τῆς προσκομιδῆς","severity":"info","text":"The rubric 'Ἀρχὴ τῆς προσκομιδῆς' marks the beginning of the prothesis (preparation of the gifts), a structural division within the liturgy.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"προσκομιδῆς","severity":"info","text":"προσκομιδή (prothesis) refers to the preparation of the bread and wine before the anaphora, a standard element in Eastern liturgies.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"χίλιαι χιλιάδες ... μύριαι μυριάδες","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'thousands upon thousands and myriads upon myriads' echoes the angelic hosts in apocalyptic visions, e.g., Daniel 7:10 (LXX) and Revelation 5:11.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"τάξεις ἀγγελικαί","severity":"info","text":"The list of angelic orders (angels, archangels, principalities, dominions, powers, thrones) follows the Pseudo-Dionysian hierarchy (Celestial Hierarchy), influential in Byzantine liturgy.","cites":[],"named_sources":["Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite"],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"Ἔλεος εἰρήνης","severity":"info","text":"The response 'Ἔλεος εἰρήνης' ('Mercy of peace') is a distinctive liturgical acclamation in this text, not standard in later Byzantine rites, suggesting an early or local usage.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"Ἀρχὴ τῆς προσκομιδῆς","severity":"caution","text":"The rubric 'Ἀρχὴ τῆς προσκομιδῆς' may be a later insertion or marginal note; its placement interrupts the dialogue between priest and people.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase 'Ἔλεος εἰρήνης' is ambiguous: it may be a fixed acclamation or a response to a preceding prayer not fully preserved.","The rubric 'Ἀρχὴ τῆς προσκομιδῆς' could be a scribal addition; its exact relation to the surrounding text is unclear."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":9,"ref":"p9","source":"Ὁ διάκονος λέγει. Οἱ καθήμενοι ἀνάστητε.\n\nὉ ἱερεὺς λέγει. Ὁ ὢν θεὲ Κύριε ἀληθινὲ ἐκ Θεοῦ ἀληθινοῦ· ὁ τοῦ Πατρὸς ἡμῖν ὑποδείξας τὸ φέγγος· ὁ τοῦ ἁγίου Πνεύματος τὴν ἀληθῆ γνῶσιν ἡμῖν χαρισάμενος· ὁ τὸ μέγα τοῦτο τῆς ζωῆς ἀνα δείξας τὸ μυστήριον· ὁ τὴν τῶν ἀσωμάτων τοῖς ἀν θρώποις χοροστασίαν πηξάμενος. Ὁ τὴν τῶν σεραφὶμ τοῖς ἐπὶ γῆς παραδοὺς ὑμνῳδίαν, δέξαι μετὰ τῶν ἀοράτων καὶ τὴν ἡμετέραν φωνήν. Σύναψον ἡμᾶς ταῖς ἐπουρανίαις δυνάμεσιν. Εἴπωμεν καὶ ἡμεῖς μετ' αὐτῶν πᾶσαν ἄτοπον ἔννοιαν περιστείλαντες βοήσωμεν ὥσπερ ἐκεῖναι, ταῖς ἀσιγήτοις ἀνακράζει φωναῖς, ἀκαταπαύστοις στόμασι τὸ σὸν μεγαλεῖον ὑμνήσωμεν. Ὁ διάκονος λέγει. Εἰς ἀνατολὰς βλέπετε.\n\nὉ ἱερεὺς λέγει. Σοὶ γὰρ παραστήκει κύκλῳ τὰ σεραφὶμ ἓξ πτέρυγες τῷ ἑνί· καὶ ταῖς μὲν δυσὶ πτέρυξι κατακαλύπτουσι τὰ πρόσωπα ἑαυτῶν· ταῖς δὲ δυσὶ τοὺς πόδας ἑαυτῶν· καὶ ταῖς μὲν δυσὶ πε τόμενα, καὶ ἐκέκραγον ἕτερον πρὸς ἕτερον. Ἐκφωνήσει. Τὸν ἐπινίκιον ὕμνον τῶν σωτηριῶν ἡμῶν, μετὰ φωνῆς ἐνδόξου, λαμπρᾷ τῇ φωνῇ, ὑμνο λογοῦντα, ᾄδοντα, βοῶντα, δοξολογοῦντα, κεκραγότα καὶ λέγοντα.","english":"The deacon says: Those who are seated, arise.\n\nThe priest says: O true God, Lord, from true God; who showed us the radiance of the Father; who granted us the true knowledge of the Holy Spirit; who revealed this great mystery of life; who established for men the choral dance of the incorporeal beings; who handed down to those on earth the hymnody of the seraphim, receive our voice also with the invisible ones. Unite us with the heavenly powers. Let us also, having suppressed every improper thought, cry out with them, as they cry out with unceasing voices, and let us hymn your majesty with unresting mouths. The deacon says: Look to the east.\n\nThe priest says: For around you stand the seraphim, six wings to each one; and with two wings they cover their faces; with two, their feet; and with two they fly, and they cried out one to another. He will exclaim: The triumphal hymn of our salvation, with a glorious voice, with a bright voice, hymning, singing, crying, glorifying, shouting, and saying.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"Ὁ ὢν θεὲ Κύριε ἀληθινὲ ἐκ Θεοῦ ἀληθινοῦ","severity":"info","text":"This phrase echoes the Nicene Creed's 'Θεὸν ἀληθινὸν ἐκ Θεοῦ ἀληθινοῦ' (true God from true God), adapting it to a direct address in the anaphora.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"χοροστασίαν","severity":"info","text":"The term 'choral dance' (χοροστασία) reflects the early Christian and Jewish apocalyptic tradition of angelic liturgy, where heavenly beings perform a dance around the divine throne.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"τὴν τῶν σεραφὶμ ... ὑμνῳδίαν","severity":"info","text":"The seraphim and their hymnody derive from Isaiah 6:1-3, where seraphim sing the Trisagion ('Holy, holy, holy') before the throne of God.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"Εἰς ἀνατολὰς βλέπετε","severity":"info","text":"The deacon's directive 'Look to the east' marks a ritual turn, orienting the congregation toward the rising sun as a symbol of Christ's resurrection, a common liturgical gesture.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"parallel","kind":"parallel","basis":"text","lemma":"ἓξ πτέρυγες τῷ ἑνί","severity":"info","text":"The six-winged seraphim are described in the Ascension of Isaiah and later Byzantine iconography; the detail of covering face and feet with wings is paralleled in Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite's Celestial Hierarchy.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"τὸν ἐπινίκιον ὕμνον","severity":"info","text":"The 'triumphal hymn' likely refers to the Sanctus (Trisagion), which entered the Eucharistic liturgy by the 4th century and is here framed as a cosmic acclamation.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The Greek text has minor orthographic variations (e.g., 'ἀνα δείξας' for 'ἀναδείξας'), but these do not affect meaning. The phrase 'ἐκέκραγον ἕτερον πρὸς ἕτερον' is ambiguous: it may mean 'they cried out to one another' or 'they cried out, one to another,' but the sense of antiphonal singing is clear."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":10,"ref":"p10","source":"Ὁ διάκονος λέγει. Πρόσχωμεν. Ὁ λαὸς λέγει. Ἅγιος, ἅγιος, ἅγιος Κύριος σαβαὼθ, πλήρης ὁ οὐρανὸς, κ. λ.\n\nὉ ἱερεὺς λέγει. Ἅγιος, ἅγιος εἶ, Κύριε, καὶ πανάγιος. Ἐξαίρετόν σου τῆς οὐσίας τὸ φέγγος· ἄφραστός σου τῆς σοφίας ἡ δύναμις. Οὐδεὶς λόγος ἐκ μετρήσει τῆς σῆς φιλανθρωπίας τὸ πέλαγος. Ἐποίη σάς με ἄνθρωπον, ὡς φιλάνθρωπος, οὐκ αὐτὸς τῆς ἐμῆς ἐπιδεὴς δουλείας, ἐγὼ δὲ μᾶλλον τῆς σῆς χρῄ ζων δεσποτείας. Οὐκ ὄντα με δι' εὐσπλαγχνίαν παρήγαγες· οὐρανόν μοι πρὸς ὄροφον ἔστησας· γῆν μοι πρὸς βάσιν κατέπηξας· δι' ἐμὲ θάλασσαν ἐχα λίνωσας· δι' ἐμὲ τὴν φύσιν τῶν ζώων ἀνέδειξας· πάντα ὑπέταξας ὑπὸ τῶν ποδῶν μου· οὐδ' ἓν τῶν τῆς σῆς φιλανθρωπίας ἐν ἐμοὶ πραγμάτων παρέλειπας. Ὁ λαὸς λέγει. Κύριε, ἐλέησον.\n\nὉ ἱερεὺς λέγει. Σὺ ἔπλασάς με, καὶ ἔθηκας ἐπ' ἐμὲ τὴν χεῖρά σου· τῆς σῆς ἐξουσίας ἐν ἐμοὶ τὴν εἰκόνα ὑπέγραψας· τοῦ λόγου τὸ δῶρον ἐνέθηκας· εἰς τρυφήν μοι τὸν παράδεισον ἤνοιξας· τῆς σῆς γνώσεως τὴν διδασκαλίαν παρέδωκας· ἔδειξάς με τὸ δένδρον τῆς ζωῆς * μοι ξύλον ὑπέδειξας· τοῦ θανάτου τὸ κέντρον ἐγνώρισας· ἑνός μοι φυτοῦ τὴν ἀπόλαυσιν ἀπηγόρευσας· ἐξ αὐτοῦ μόνου οὖν εἶπάς μοι μὴ φαγεῖν· ἔφαγον, νόμον ἠθέτησα· γνώμῃ τῆς ἐντολῆς παρημέλησα· ἐγὼ δὲ τοῦ θανάτου τὴν ἀπόφασιν ἥρπασα.","english":"The deacon says: Let us attend. The people say: Holy, holy, holy Lord Sabaoth, full is the heaven, etc.\n\nThe priest says: Holy, holy are you, Lord, and all-holy. The radiance of your essence is exceptional; the power of your wisdom is ineffable. No word can measure the sea of your love for humanity. You made me a human being, as a lover of humanity, not because you yourself were in need of my service, but rather because I am in need of your lordship. You brought me into being out of compassion, though I was nothing; you set up the sky as a roof for me; you fixed the earth as a foundation for me; for my sake you tamed the sea; for my sake you revealed the nature of living creatures; you subjected everything beneath my feet; you left out not one of the works of your love for humanity in me. The people say: Lord, have mercy.\n\nThe priest says: You formed me, and you laid your hand upon me; you inscribed the image of your authority in me; you placed the gift of reason within me; you opened paradise for me as a delight; you handed over the teaching of your knowledge; you showed me the tree of life; you pointed out the wood to me; you made known the sting of death; you forbade me the enjoyment of one plant; from that alone, then, you told me not to eat; I ate, I violated the law; I neglected the commandment in my will; and I seized the sentence of death.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"σαβαὼθ","severity":"info","text":"The Greek σαβαὼθ transliterates Hebrew ṣĕbā’ōt, 'hosts' or 'armies', a divine epithet common in the Septuagint and Christian liturgy.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"Ἅγιος, ἅγιος, ἅγιος Κύριος σαβαὼθ, πλήρης ὁ οὐρανὸς","severity":"info","text":"The Trisagion echoes Isaiah 6:3 (LXX: Ἅγιος ἅγιος ἅγιος Κύριος σαβαὼθ) and the Sanctus of the liturgy, with 'full is the heaven' alluding to the angelic doxology.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"Ἐποίησάς με ἄνθρωπον","severity":"info","text":"The priest’s prayer develops a creation and fall narrative (Genesis 1–3), emphasizing divine philanthropy and human disobedience, typical of Greek patristic catechesis.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"Ὁ διάκονος λέγει … Ὁ ἱερεὺς λέγει … Ὁ λαὸς λέγει","severity":"info","text":"The passage alternates between deacon, priest, and people, reflecting the dialogic structure of the anaphora and the congregation’s acclamatory role.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"parallel","kind":"parallel","basis":"text","lemma":"τοῦ θανάτου τὸ κέντρον ἐγνώρισας","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'sting of death' parallels 1 Corinthians 15:55–56 and patristic exegesis of the fall, where death enters through Adam’s transgression.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"κ. λ.","severity":"caution","text":"The abbreviation κ. λ. (καὶ τὰ λοιπά) indicates the scribe or editor omitted the remainder of the people’s response, likely the full Trisagion or a doxological formula.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase 'κ. λ.' leaves the full text of the people’s response unspecified; the reading assumes it continues the Trisagion. The identity of 'the wood' (ξύλον) in the priest’s speech is ambiguous—it may refer to the tree of life or the cross, but the context favors the tree of life."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":11,"ref":"p11","source":"Ὁ λαὸς λέγει. Κύριε, ἐλέησον.\n\nὉ ἱερεὺς λέγει. Σύ μοι, ὦ Δέσποτα, τὴν τιμωρίαν μετέβαλες· ὡς ποιμὴν ἀγαθὸς εἰς πλανώμενον ἔδραμες· ὡς πατὴρ ἀληθινὸς ἐμοὶ τῷ πεπτωκότι συνήλγησας· πᾶσι τοῖς πρὸς ζωὴν φαρμάκοις κατέδησας. Αὐτός μοι προφήτας ἀπέστειλας· δι' ἐμὲ τὸν νοσοῦντα, νόμον εἰς βοήθειαν ἔδωκας. Αὐτός μοι * τὰς πρὸς ὑγιείαν ὦ παρανομηθείσας, διηκόνησας· φῶς τοῖς πλανωμένοις ἀνέτειλας· τοῖς ἀγνο\n\nοῦσι, ὁ ἀεὶ παρὼν ἐπεδήμησας· ἐπὶ τὴν παρθενικὴν ἦλθες νηδύν. Ὁ ἀχώρητος Θεὸς ὢν, οὐχ ἁρπαγμὸν ἡγήσω τὸ εἶναι ἴσα Θεῷ, ἀλλ' ἑαυτὸν ἐκένωσας μορφὴν δούλου λαβών· τὴν ἐμὴν ἐν σοὶ φύσιν ηὐλόγησας· ὑπὲρ ἐμοῦ τὸν νόμον ἐπλήρωσας, τοῦ πτώματός μου τὴν ἀνάστασιν ὑπηγόρευσας. Ἔδωκας τοῖς ὑπὸ τοῦ ᾅδου κρατουμένοις τὴν ἄφεσιν· τοῦ νόμου τὴν ἀρὰν ἀπεσόβησας· ἐν σαρκὶ τὴν ἁμαρτίαν κατήργησας· τῆς σῆς ἐξουσίας μοι τὴν δυναστείαν ἐγνώρισας· τυφλοῖς τὸ βλέπειν ἀπέδωκας· νεκροὺς ἐκ τάφων ἀνέστησας· ῥήματι τὴν φύσιν ἀνώρθωσας· τῆς σῆς εὐσπλαγχνίας μοι τὴν οἰκονομίαν ὑπέδειξας· τῶν πονηρῶν τὴν βίαν ὑπ ένεγκας· τὸν νῶτόν σου δέδωκας εἰς μάστιγας· τὰς δὲ σιαγόνας σου ὑπέθηκας εἰς ῥαπίσματα· οὐκ ἀπέστρεψας δι' ἐμὲ τὸ πρόσωπόν σου ἀπὸ αἰσχύνης ἐμπτυσμάτων. Ὁ λαὸς λέγει. Κύριε, ἐλέησον.","english":"The people say: Lord, have mercy.\n\nThe priest says: You, O Master, transformed my punishment for me; as a good shepherd, you ran to the wandering one; as a true father, you grieved with me, the fallen one; you bound me with all the remedies for life. You yourself sent prophets to me; for me, the sick one, you gave the law as help. You yourself ministered to me the things transgressed for health; you caused light to rise for the wandering; to the ignorant, you, the ever-present, sojourned; you came into the virgin womb. Being the uncontainable God, you did not consider it a seizure to be equal to God, but you emptied yourself, taking the form of a slave; you blessed my nature in yourself; for my sake you fulfilled the law, you prescribed the resurrection of my fall. You gave release to those held by Hades; you drove away the curse of the law; in the flesh you annulled sin; you made known to me the dominion of your authority; you restored sight to the blind; you raised the dead from tombs; by a word you set nature upright; you revealed to me the economy of your compassion; you endured the violence of the wicked; you offered your back to lashes; you submitted your cheeks to slaps; you did not turn your face away from the shame of spittings for my sake. The people say: Lord, have mercy.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"sense","kind":"sense","basis":"text","lemma":"Σύ μοι, ὦ Δέσποτα, τὴν τιμωρίαν μετέβαλες","severity":"info","text":"The priest addresses God as 'Master' (Δέσποτα) and declares that punishment has been transformed, a theme of divine mercy reversing human sin.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ὡς ποιμὴν ἀγαθὸς εἰς πλανώμενον ἔδραμες","severity":"info","text":"Echoes the Good Shepherd imagery of John 10:11-14 and the parable of the lost sheep (Matthew 18:12-14).","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ἐπὶ τὴν παρθενικὴν ἦλθες νηδύν","severity":"info","text":"Alludes to the Incarnation, specifically Christ's entry into the Virgin's womb, as in Luke 1:35.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"νεκροὺς ἐκ τάφων ἀνέστησας","severity":"info","text":"Refers to Christ's resurrection of the dead, as in Matthew 27:52-53 and John 11:43-44.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"τὸν νῶτόν σου δέδωκας εἰς μάστιγας· τὰς δὲ σιαγόνας σου ὑπέθηκας εἰς ῥαπίσματα","severity":"info","text":"Describes Christ's physical suffering during the Passion, a common theme in patristic soteriology emphasizing his voluntary humiliation.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"Ὁ λαὸς λέγει. Κύριε, ἐλέησον.","severity":"info","text":"The people's response 'Lord, have mercy' frames the priest's long prayer, creating a liturgical dialogue typical of the anaphora.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The Greek text has a lacuna marked by asterisks after 'Αὐτός μοι' where the sense is unclear; the translation supplied 'the things transgressed for health' is conjectural.","The phrase 'οὐχ ἁρπαγμὸν ἡγήσω τὸ εἶναι ἴσα Θεῷ' is ambiguous: it may mean Christ did not consider equality with God a usurpation, or that he did not seize divinity."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":12,"ref":"p12","source":"Ὁ ἱερεὺς λέγει. Ὡς πρόβατον ἐπὶ σφαγὴν ἦλθες, μέχρι σταυροῦ τὴν ἐμὴν κηδεμονίαν ὑπέδειξας· τῷ σῷ τάφῳ τὴν ἐμὴν ἁμαρτίαν ἐνέκρωσας· εἰς οὐρανὸν τὴν ἐμὴν ἀπαρχὴν ἀνεβίβασας· τῆς σῆς ἀφ ίξεώς μοι τὴν παρουσίαν ἐμήνυσας, ἐν ᾗ μέλλεις ἔρχε σθαι κρῖναι ζῶντας καὶ νεκροὺς, καὶ ἀποδοῦναι ἑκάστῳ κατὰ τὰ ἔργα αὐτοῦ.\n\nὉ λαὸς λέγει. Κατὰ τὸ ἔλεός σου Κύριε. Ὁ ἱερεὺς λέγει. Ταύτης μου τῆς ἐλευθερίας προσφέρω σοι τὰ σύμβολα, τοῖς ῥήμασί σου ἐπι γράφω τὰ πράγματα. Σύ μοι τὴν μυστικὴν ταύτην παρέδωκας τῆς σῆς σαρκὸς, ἐν ἄρτῳ καὶ οἴνῳ τὴν μέθεξιν.\n\nὉ λαὸς λέγει. Πιστεύομεν.\n\nὉ ἱερεὺς λέγει. Τῇ γὰρ νυκτὶ ᾗ παρεδίδης * αὐτὸς σεαυτὸν, τῆς σεαυτοῦ ἐξουσίας.\n\nὉ λαὸς λέγει. Πιστεύομεν.\n\nὉ ἱερεὺς λέγει. Λαβὼν ἄρτον ἐν ταῖς ἁγίαις καὶ ἀχράντοις καὶ ἀμωμήτοις σου χερσὶν, ἔνευσας ἄνω πρὸς ἴδιόν σου Πατέρα Θεὸν ἡμῶν καὶ Θεὸν τῶν ὅλων· ηὐχαρίστησας † ηὐλόγησας † ἡγίασας † ἔκλασας, μετέδωκας τοῖς ἁγίοις σου μαθηταῖς καὶ ἀποστόλοις εἶπας· Λάβετε, φάγετε· τοῦτό μου ἐστὶν τὸ σῶμα, τὸ ὑπὲρ ὑμῶν καὶ πολλῶν κλώμενον, καὶ διαδιδόμενον εἰς ἄφεσιν ἁμαρτιῶν· τοῦτο ποιεῖτε εἰς τὴν ἐμὴν ἀνάμνησιν. Ὡσαύτως μετὰ τὸ δειπνῆσαι, λαβὼν ποτήριον, καὶ ἐκέρασας αὐτὸ ἐκ γεννήματος ἀμπέλου καὶ ἐξ ὕδατος, ηὐχαρίστησας † ηὐλόγησας † ἡγίασας † μετέδωκας τοῖς ἁγίοις σου μαθηταῖς καὶ ἀποστόλοις, εἶπας· Πίετε ἐξ αὐτοῦ πάντες· τοῦτό μου ἐστὶν τὸ αἷμα, τὸ τῆς καινῆς διαθήκης, τὸ ὑπὲρ ὑμῶν καὶ πολλῶν ἐκχυνόμενον εἰς ἄφεσιν ἁμαρτιῶν· τοῦτο ποιεῖτε εἰς τὴν ἐμὴν ἀνάμνησιν.","english":"The priest says: As a sheep you came to the slaughter, you showed your care for me even to the cross; by your tomb you put my sin to death; you caused my first offering to ascend to heaven; you announced to me your coming, in which you are about to come to judge the living and the dead, and to give to each according to his works.\n\nThe people say: According to your mercy, Lord. The priest says: I offer you the symbols of this my freedom, I inscribe the realities with your words. You handed down to me this mystical participation in your flesh, in bread and wine.\n\nThe people say: We believe.\n\nThe priest says: For on the night when you gave yourself, of your own authority.\n\nThe people say: We believe.\n\nThe priest says: Taking bread in your holy, pure, and undefiled hands, you looked up to your own Father, our God and the God of all; you gave thanks, you blessed, you sanctified, you broke, you gave to your holy disciples and apostles, saying: Take, eat; this is my body, broken for you and for many, and distributed for the remission of sins; do this in my memory. Likewise after supper, taking a cup, and mixing it from the fruit of the vine and from water, you gave thanks, you blessed, you sanctified, you gave to your holy disciples and apostles, saying: Drink from it, all of you; this is my blood, of the new covenant, poured out for you and for many for the remission of sins; do this in my memory.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"Ὡς πρόβατον ἐπὶ σφαγὴν ἦλθες","severity":"info","text":"Echoes the Suffering Servant imagery of Isaiah 53:7 (LXX: πρόβατον ἐπὶ σφαγήν) and the typology of Christ as the Lamb of God (John 1:29, Revelation 5:6).","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"κρῖναι ζῶντας καὶ νεκροὺς","severity":"info","text":"Alludes to the Apostles' Creed and 2 Timothy 4:1 (κρῖναι ζῶντας καὶ νεκρούς), a standard eschatological formula in early Christian liturgy.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"Ὁ ἱερεὺς λέγει ... Ὁ λαὸς λέγει","severity":"info","text":"The passage alternates between priest and people in a dialogic structure typical of anaphoral liturgies, with the people's responses (Κατὰ τὸ ἔλεός σου, Πιστεύομεν) serving as acclamations.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"τῆς σῆς ἀφ ίξεώς μοι τὴν παρουσίαν ἐμήνυσας","severity":"info","text":"The phrase ἀφίξεως ... παρουσίαν plays on the double meaning of παρουσία as both 'presence' and 'Second Coming', linking the liturgical anamnesis to eschatology.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ἐκέρασας αὐτὸ ἐκ γεννήματος ἀμπέλου καὶ ἐξ ὕδατος","severity":"info","text":"The mixing of wine with water (κρατήρ) was standard in early Christian Eucharistic practice, attested in Justin Martyr (1 Apol. 65) and the Didache (9.2–3).","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"τοῦτό μου ἐστὶν τὸ σῶμα ... τοῦτό μου ἐστὶν τὸ αἷμα","severity":"info","text":"The institution narrative here closely follows the Byzantine Liturgy of St. John Chrysostom, but the expanded wording (e.g., 'broken for you and for many') reflects a later liturgical development, possibly from the Syro-Antiochene tradition.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase 'τῆς σῆς ἀφ ίξεώς μοι τὴν παρουσίαν ἐμήνυσας' is textually uncertain; the reading 'ἀφίξεως' (arrival) may be a corruption of 'ἀφέσεως' (forgiveness), which would align with the soteriological context.","The Coptic Vorlage (not extant) may have influenced the Greek syntax, especially in the institution narrative's repetitive structure."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":13,"ref":"p13","source":"Ὁσάκις γὰρ ἐσθίετε τὸν ἄρτον τοῦτον, πίνετε δὲ καὶ τὸ ποτήριον τοῦτο, τὸν ἐμὸν θάνατον καταγγέλλετε, καὶ τὴν ἐμὴν ἀνάστασιν ὁμολογεῖτε ἄχρις οὗ ἂν ἔλθω. Ὁ λαὸς λέγει. Ἀμήν.\n\nΓʹ. Τὸν θάνατόν σου, κ. τ. λ.\n\nὉ ἱερεὺς λέγει. Ὥστε οὖν, Δέσποτα, μεμνημένοι τῆς ἐπὶ γῆς συγκαταβάσεως, καὶ τοῦ ζωοποιοῦ θανάτου, καὶ τῆς τριημέρου σου ταφῆς, καὶ τῆς ἐκ νεκρῶν ἀναστάσεως, καὶ τῆς εἰς οὐρανοὺς ἀνόδου, καὶ τῆς ἐκ δεξιῶν τοῦ Πατρὸς καθέδρας, καὶ τῆς μελλούσης ἀπ' οὐρανῶν δευτέρας καὶ φοβερᾶς, καὶ ἐνδόξου σου παρουσίας. Ἐκφωνήσει. Τὰ σὰ ἐκ τῶν σῶν δώρων σοι προσφέροντες, κατὰ πάντα, καὶ διὰ πάντα καὶ ἐν πᾶσιν.\n\nὉ λαὸς λέγει. Σὲ αἰνοῦμεν, σὲ εὐλογοῦμεν. Ὁ διάκονος λέγει. Κλίνατε Θεῷ μετὰ φόβου. Ὁ ἱερεὺς λέγει ἐν ἑαυτῷ κλίνας· Αὐτὸς οὖν, Δέσποτα, τῇ σῇ φωνῇ τὰ προκείμενα μεταποίησον· αὐτὸς παρὼν, τὴν μυστικὴν ταύτην λειτουργίαν\n\nκατάρτισον· αὐτὸς ἡμῖν τῆς σῆς λα τρείας τὴν μνήμην διάσωσον. Αὐτὸς τὸ Πνεῦμά σου τὸ πανάγιον κατάπεμψον, ἵνα ἐπιφοιτῆσαν τῇ ἁγίᾳ καὶ ἀγαθῇ καὶ ἐνδόξῳ αὐτοῦ παρουσίᾳ ἁγιάσῃ καὶ μεταποιήσῃ τὰ προκείμενα, τίμια καὶ ἅγια δῶρα ταῦτα, εἰς αὐτὸ τὸ σῶμα καὶ τὸ αἷμα τῆς ἡμετέρας ἀπολυτρώσεως. Ὁ λαὸς λέγει. Πρόσχωμεν.","english":"For whenever you eat this bread and drink this cup, you proclaim my death and confess my resurrection until I come. The people say: Amen.\n\n3. Your death, etc.\n\nThe priest says: Therefore, O Master, remembering your descent to earth, your life-giving death, your three-day burial, your resurrection from the dead, your ascension into heaven, your session at the right hand of the Father, and your future second, fearful, and glorious coming from heaven. He will proclaim: Offering to you from your own gifts, in all things, through all things, and in all things.\n\nThe people say: We praise you, we bless you. The deacon says: Bow to God with fear. The priest says, bowing to himself: Therefore, O Master, by your own voice transform the offerings set before you; be present yourself and complete this mystical liturgy; preserve for us the memory of your worship. Send down your all-holy Spirit, so that by its holy, good, and glorious presence it may hallow and transform these precious and holy gifts set before you into the very body and blood of our redemption. The people say: Let us attend.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"Γʹ. Τὸν θάνατόν σου, κ. τ. λ.","severity":"info","text":"The rubric '3. Your death, etc.' indicates a liturgical direction to recite a known prayer or acclamation, likely the third of a series of anaphoral responses.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"συγκαταβάσεως","severity":"info","text":"The Greek term 'συγκατάβασις' (descent) here refers to Christ's incarnation or condescension to earth, a key concept in patristic theology of divine economy.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"τῆς ἐκ δεξιῶν τοῦ Πατρὸς καθέδρας","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'session at the right hand of the Father' echoes New Testament descriptions of Christ's exaltation (e.g., Acts 7:55-56, Rom 8:34, Col 3:1).","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"τῆς μελλούσης ἀπ' οὐρανῶν δευτέρας καὶ φοβερᾶς, καὶ ἐνδόξου σου παρουσίας","severity":"info","text":"The reference to Christ's 'second, fearful, and glorious coming' reflects early Christian eschatological expectation, common in anaphoral prayers of the Eastern tradition.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"τὸ Πνεῦμά σου τὸ πανάγιον κατάπεμψον","severity":"info","text":"The invocation of the Holy Spirit to transform the gifts (epiclesis) is a distinctive feature of Eastern anaphoras, here explicitly requesting the Spirit's presence to consecrate the elements.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"τῆς σῆς λατρείας τὴν μνήμην διάσωσον","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase 'preserve for us the memory of your worship' is ambiguous: it may refer to the liturgical rite itself or to the faithful's remembrance of Christ's saving acts.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The rubric 'Γʹ. Τὸν θάνατόν σου, κ. τ. λ.' is elliptical; the full text of the acclamation is not given, leaving its exact wording uncertain.","The phrase 'τῆς σῆς λατρείας τὴν μνήμην διάσωσον' could be interpreted as preserving the memory of the liturgy or of Christ's worship by the faithful."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":14,"ref":"p14","source":"Ὁ διάκονος λέγει. Ἀμήν.\n\nὉ ἱερεὺς ἐκφωνήσει. Καὶ ποιήσει τὸν μὲν ἄρ τον τοῦτον* γένηται εἰς τὸ ἅγιον σῶμά σου, τοῦ Κυρίου δὲ καὶ Θεοῦ καὶ Σωτῆρος, καὶ Παμβασιλέως ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, εἰς ἄφεσιν ἁμαρτιῶν, καὶ εἰς ζωὴν τὴν αἰώνιον τοῖς ἐξ αὐτοῦ μεταλαμβά νουσιν.\n\nὉ λαὸς λέγει. Ἀμήν.\n\nὉ ἱερεὺς λέγει. Τὸ δὲ ποτήριον τοῦτο, τὸ τίμιόν σου αἷμα, τὸ τῆς καινῆς διαθήκης σου, τοῦ Κυρίου δὲ, καὶ Θεοῦ καὶ Σωτῆρος, καὶ Παμβασιλέως ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, εἰς ἄφεσιν ἁμαρτιῶν, καὶ εἰς ζωὴν τὴν αἰώνιον τοῖς ἐξ αὐτοῦ μεταλαμβάνουσιν.\n\nὉ λαὸς λέγει. Ἀμήν.\n\nὉ ἱερεὺς λέγει καὶ ὁ λαὸς ἀποκρίνεται τὸ, Κύριε ἐλέησον. Σὲ δυσωποῦμεν, Χριστὲ ὁ Θεὸς ἡμῶν. Τῆς Ἐκκλησίας σου, Κύριε, τὴν κρηπῖδα κατά πηξον. Τῆς ἀγάπης ἡμῖν τὴν ὁμόνοιαν ῥίζωσον. Τῆς πίστεως τὴν ἀλήθειαν αὔξησον. Τῆς σῆς εὐσεβείας ἡμῖν τὴν ὁδὸν εὐθυτόμη σον. Τοὺς ποιμένας ὀχύρωσον. Τοὺς ποιμαινομένους ἀσφάλισαι. Δὸς τῷ κλήρῳ τὴν εὐκοσμίαν. Τοῖς μοναχοῖς τὴν ἐγκράτειαν. Τοῖς ἐν παρθενίᾳ τὸ σωφρονεῖν. Τοῖς ἐν σεμνῷ γάμῳ τὴν εὐζωΐαν. Τοῖς ἐν μετανοίᾳ τὸ ἔλεος. Τοῖς πλουτοῦσι τὴν ἀγαθότητα. Τοῖς πενομένοις τὴν ἐπικουρίαν. Τοῖς πτωχοῖς τὴν βοήθειαν. Τοὺς πρεσβύτας περίζωσον. Τοὺς νέους σωφρόνισον. Τοὺς ἀπίστους ἐπίστρεψον. Παῦσον τῆς Ἐκκλησίας τὰ σχίσματα. Τῶν αἱρέσεων κατάλυσον τὰ φρυάγματα. Πάντας ἡμᾶς πρὸς τὴν τῆς σῆς εὐσεβείας ὁμό νοιαν σύναψον.","english":"The deacon says: Amen.\n\nThe priest says aloud: And may this bread become your holy body, of our Lord and God and Saviour and All-King Jesus Christ, for the remission of sins and for eternal life to those who partake of it.\n\nThe people say: Amen.\n\nThe priest says: And this cup, your precious blood, of your new covenant, of our Lord and God and Saviour and All-King Jesus Christ, for the remission of sins and for eternal life to those who partake of it.\n\nThe people say: Amen.\n\nThe priest says and the people respond: Lord, have mercy. We entreat you, Christ our God. Establish the foundation of your Church, O Lord. Root in us the concord of love. Increase the truth of faith. Straighten for us the path of your piety. Fortify the shepherds. Secure the flock. Give seemliness to the clergy. Give continence to the monks. Give prudence to those in virginity. Give good living to those in holy marriage. Give mercy to those in repentance. Give goodness to the rich. Give succour to the needy. Give help to the poor. Gird the elders. Discipline the young. Convert the unbelievers. Cease the schisms of the Church. Abolish the insolence of the heresies. Unite us all in the concord of your piety.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"Παμβασιλέως","severity":"info","text":"The epithet 'All-King' (Παμβασιλέως) is a rare, emphatic title for Christ, underscoring his universal sovereignty in the liturgical context.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"τῆς καινῆς διαθήκης","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'new covenant' (τῆς καινῆς διαθήκης) echoes New Testament usage (e.g., 1 Cor 11:25; 2 Cor 3:6), linking the eucharistic cup to the covenantal theology of Christ's blood.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"Ὁ λαὸς λέγει. Ἀμήν.","severity":"info","text":"The repeated congregational 'Amen' after each consecratory formula (bread, then cup) structures the anaphora as a dialogic acclamation, typical of Eastern liturgies.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"Σὲ δυσωποῦμεν, Χριστὲ ὁ Θεὸς ἡμῶν.","severity":"info","text":"The prayer 'We entreat you, Christ our God' introduces a lengthy intercessory litany (the 'prayer of the faithful'), a common feature in Byzantine rites, here addressing Christ directly.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"Παῦσον τῆς Ἐκκλησίας τὰ σχίσματα. Τῶν αἱρέσεων κατάλυσον τὰ φρυάγματα.","severity":"info","text":"The petitions to end church schisms and abolish the insolence of heresies reflect the post-Chalcedonian context of the liturgy, likely addressing contemporary ecclesiastical conflicts.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ποιήσει τὸν μὲν ἄρ τον τοῦτον*","severity":"caution","text":"The Greek text has a textual issue: 'ποιήσει τὸν μὲν ἄρ τον τοῦτον*' (with asterisk) likely indicates a scribal corruption or variant; the translation 'may this bread become' smooths over the awkward syntax.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase 'ποιήσει τὸν μὲν ἄρ τον τοῦτον*' is textually uncertain; the asterisk may mark a lacuna or variant reading. The translation assumes a subjunctive sense ('may this bread become').","The identity of 'the deacon' and 'the priest' in the rubrics is not further specified; the text assumes standard liturgical roles."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":15,"ref":"p15","source":"Ὁ λαὸς λέγει. Κύριε ἐλέησον.\n\nὉ ἱερεὺς λέγει. Μνήσθητι, Κύριε, τῆς εἰρήνης τῆς ἁγίας, μόνης, καθολικῆς, καὶ ἀποστολικῆς σου Ἐκκλησίας, τῆς ἀπὸ περάτων ἕως περάτων τῆς οἰκουμένης, καὶ τῶν ἐν αὐτῇ ὀρθοδόξων ἐπισκόπων, τῶν ὀρθοτομησάντων τὸν λόγον τῆς ἀληθείας. Ἐκφωνήσει. Ἐξαιρέτως τοῦ ἁγιωτάτου καὶ μακαριωτάτου ἀρχιερέως ἡμῶν ἄββα Δʹ. πάπα καὶ πατριάρχου τῆς μεγαλοπόλεως Ἀλεξανδρείας, καὶ ὑπὲρ τῶν περιόν των ἐπισκόπων, πρεσβυτέρων, διακόνων, ἀναγνωστῶν, ψαλτῶν, ἐξορκιστῶν, μοναζόντων, ἀειπαρθένων, ἐγκρατῶν, χηρῶν, ὀρφανῶν, λαϊκῶν, καὶ ὑπὲρ παντὸς τοῦ πληρώματος, τῆς ἁγίας τοῦ Θεοῦ Ἐκκλησίας τῶν πιστῶν.\n\nὉ λαὸς λέγει. Κύριε ἐλέησον.\n\nὉ ἱερεὺς λέγει. Μνήσθητι, Κύριε, τῶν εὐσεβῶς βασιλευσάντων. Μνήσθητι, Κύριε, τῶν ἐν τῷ παλατίῳ, ἡμῶν ἀδελ φῶν πιστῶν, καὶ ὀρθοδόξων, καὶ παντὸς τοῦ στρα τοπέδου. Μνήσθητι, Κύριε, τῶν προσφερόντων τὰ ἅγια δῶρα ταῦτα, καὶ ὑπὲρ ὧν, καὶ δι' ὧν προσεκόμισαν, καὶ μισθὸν οὐράνιον παράσχου πᾶσιν αὐτοῖς. Μνήσθητι, Κύριε, καὶ τῶν ἐν ὄρεσι, καὶ σπηλαίοις, καὶ ταῖς ὀπαῖς τῆς γῆς. Καὶ τῶν ἐν αἰχμαλωσίαις ὄντων ἀδελφῶν ἡμῶν, καὶ εἰρηνικὰς ἀποκαταστάσεις εἰς τὰ ἴδια χάρισαι.","english":"The people say: Lord, have mercy.\n\nThe priest says: Remember, Lord, the peace of your holy, one, catholic, and apostolic Church, from the ends to the ends of the inhabited world, and the orthodox bishops in her, who have cut straight the word of truth. He will say aloud: Especially our most holy and most blessed high priest Abba [the fourth], pope and patriarch of the great city of Alexandria, and for the remaining bishops, presbyters, deacons, readers, psalmists, exorcists, monastics, perpetual virgins, ascetics, widows, orphans, laity, and for the whole fullness of the holy Church of God of the faithful.\n\nThe people say: Lord, have mercy.\n\nThe priest says: Remember, Lord, those who have reigned piously. Remember, Lord, those in the palace, our faithful and orthodox brethren, and the whole army. Remember, Lord, those offering these holy gifts, and for whom and through whom they have offered them, and grant heavenly reward to all of them. Remember, Lord, also those in mountains, caves, and holes of the earth. And our brethren who are in captivity, and grant peaceful restorations to their own homes.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"Κύριε ἐλέησον","severity":"info","text":"A standard liturgical acclamation, 'Lord, have mercy,' used as a congregational response in Eastern rites.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ὀρθοτομησάντων","severity":"info","text":"The verb 'cut straight' (ὀρθοτομέω) is a patristic metaphor for expounding orthodox doctrine, derived from the image of a straight path or rule.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"background","lemma":"Ἐκφωνήσει","severity":"info","text":"The rubric 'He will say aloud' (Ἐκφωνήσει) marks a shift to a louder voice, a typical liturgical direction for the priest's elevated prayer.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"background","lemma":"ἄββα Δʹ","severity":"info","text":"The placeholder 'Abba the fourth' (ἄββα Δʹ) indicates a variable name for the current patriarch of Alexandria, to be inserted during the liturgy.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"Μνήσθητι, Κύριε","severity":"info","text":"The repeated 'Remember, Lord' (Μνήσθητι, Κύριε) structures the diptychs, a series of intercessions for various categories of the faithful.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"parallel","kind":"parallel","basis":"text","lemma":"τῆς εἰρήνης ... Ἐκκλησίας","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'peace of your holy, one, catholic, and apostolic Church' echoes the Niceno-Constantinopolitan Creed's marks of the Church.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The Greek text has 'ἄββα Δʹ' where the Coptic Vorlage likely had a specific name; the numeral is a placeholder for the current patriarch."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":16,"ref":"p16","source":"Ὁ διάκονος λέγει. Προσεύξασθε ὑπὲρ τῶν αἰχμαλώτων. Ὁ λαὸς λέγει. Κύριε ἐλέησον. Τότε κλίνει ἱερεὺς τὴν ἑαυτοῦ κεφαλὴν λέγων καθ' ἑαυτὸν ἐν ἑαυτῷ. Μνήσθητι, Κύριε, καὶ τῆς ἐμῆς ἀθλίας καὶ ταλαιπώρου\n\nψυχῆς, ταπεινώσεώς μου, καὶ συγχώρησόν μοι πάντα τὰ ἐμὰ πλημμελήματα καὶ ὅπου ἐπλεόνασεν ἡ ἁμαρτία, περίσσευσόν σου τὴν χάριν, καὶ μὴ διὰ τὰς ἐμὰς ἁμαρτίας, καὶ τὴν βεβήλωσιν τῆς καρδίας μου, ὑστερήσῃς τὸν λαόν σου τῆς χάριτος τοῦ ἁγίου σου Πνεύματος. Ὑψώσει τὴν κεφαλὴν καὶ ἐκφωνήσει. Ὁ γὰρ λαός σου καὶ ἡ Ἐκκλησία σου ἱκετεύει σε, καὶ διὰ σοῦ καὶ σὺν σοὶ τὸν Πατέρα λέγουσα. Ὁ λαὸς λέγει. Ἐλέησον ἡμᾶς, ὁ Θεὸς, ὁ Σωτὴρ ἡμῶν. Γʹ. Ὁ ἱερεὺς λέγει. Ἐλέησον ἡμᾶς, ὁ Θεὸς, ὁ Σωτὴρ ἡμῶν. Γʹ. Ὁ λαὸς λέγει. Κύριε ἐλέησον.\n\nΓʹ. Ὁ ἱερεὺς λέγει. Μνήσθητι, Κύριε, τοῦ ἀέρος καὶ τῶν καρπῶν τῆς γῆς. Μνήσθητι, Κύριε, τῆς συμμέτρου ἀναβάσεως τῶν ποταμείων ὑδάτων. Μνήσθητι, Κύριε, τῶν ὑετῶν καὶ τῶν σπορίμων τῆς γῆς. Εὔφρανον πάλιν καὶ ἀνακαίνισον τὸ πρόσωπον τῆς γῆς. Τοὺς αὔλακας αὐτῆς μέθυσον, πλήθυνον τὰ γεν νήματα αὐτῆς· παράστησον ἡμῖν αὐτὰ εἰς σπέρμα, καὶ εἰς θερισμὸν, καὶ νῦν εὐλογῶν εὐλόγησον. Τὴν ζωὴν ἡμῶν οἰκονόμησον. Εὐλόγησον τὸν στέφανον τοῦ ἐνιαυτοῦ τῆς χρηστότητός σου, διὰ τοὺς πτω χοὺς τοῦ λαοῦ σου, διὰ τὴν χήραν, καὶ τὸν ὀρφανὸν, διὰ τὸν ξένον, καὶ τὸν προσήλυτον, καὶ δι' ἡμᾶς πάντας τοὺς ἐλπίζοντας ἐπὶ σοὶ, καὶ ἐπικαλουμένους τὸ ὄνομά σου τὸ ἅγιον. Οἱ γὰρ ὀφθαλμοὶ πάντων εἰς σὲ ἐλπίζουσι, καὶ σὺ δίδως τὴν τροφὴν αὐτῶν ἐν εὐκαιρίᾳ.","english":"The deacon says: Pray for the captives. The people say: Lord, have mercy. Then the priest bows his head, saying to himself within himself: Remember, Lord, also my wretched and miserable soul, my humility, and forgive me all my transgressions, and where sin has abounded, let your grace overflow, and do not, because of my sins and the defilement of my heart, deprive your people of the grace of your Holy Spirit. He raises his head and proclaims: For your people and your Church beseech you, and through you and with you say to the Father. The people say: Have mercy on us, O God, our Savior. Three times. The priest says: Have mercy on us, O God, our Savior. Three times. The people say: Lord, have mercy.\n\nThree times. The priest says: Remember, Lord, the air and the fruits of the earth. Remember, Lord, the moderate rising of the river waters. Remember, Lord, the rains and the sown fields of the earth. Gladden again and renew the face of the earth. Drench its furrows, multiply its produce; present them to us for seed and for harvest, and now blessing, bless. Order our life. Bless the crown of the year of your goodness, for the poor of your people, for the widow and the orphan, for the stranger and the convert, and for all of us who hope in you and call upon your holy name. For the eyes of all hope in you, and you give their food in due season.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"Ὁ διάκονος λέγει. Προσεύξασθε ὑπὲρ τῶν αἰχμαλώτων.","severity":"info","text":"The deacon's bidding 'Pray for the captives' marks a distinct intercessory unit within the Liturgy of St. Gregory, following the commemoration of the Church hierarchy in the previous passage.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"αἰχμαλώτων","severity":"info","text":"αἰχμαλώτων (captives) likely refers to prisoners of war or those in bondage, a standard intercessory category in early Byzantine liturgies.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"sense","kind":"sense","basis":"text","lemma":"Μνήσθητι, Κύριε, καὶ τῆς ἐμῆς ἀθλίας καὶ ταλαιπώρου ψυχῆς","severity":"info","text":"The priest's private prayer for his own soul, humility, and forgiveness, before raising his head to pray publicly, underscores the liturgical distinction between personal and communal intercession.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"Εὔφρανον πάλιν καὶ ἀνακαίνισον τὸ πρόσωπον τῆς γῆς","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'renew the face of the earth' echoes Genesis 6:1 (LXX) and Psalm 103:30, where the earth's renewal is a divine blessing, here applied to agricultural fertility.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"τῆς συμμέτρου ἀναβάσεως τῶν ποταμείων ὑδάτων","severity":"info","text":"The prayer for 'moderate rising of the river waters' reflects the Nile's annual flood, critical for Egyptian agriculture, and is a distinctive feature of the Alexandrian liturgical tradition.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"διὰ τὸν ξένον, καὶ τὸν προσήλυτον","severity":"info","text":"The inclusion of 'the stranger and the convert' (προσήλυτον) in the intercession reflects early Christian concern for marginalized groups, and the term προσήλυτον can also denote a proselyte to Judaism, though here it likely means a convert to Christianity.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The Greek text has 'προσήλυτον' which can mean 'convert' (to Christianity) or 'proselyte' (to Judaism); the English draft chooses 'convert', but the liturgical context may allow either."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":17,"ref":"p17","source":"Ποίησον μεθ' ἡμῶν κατὰ τὴν ἀγαθό τητά σου, ὁ διδοὺς τροφὴν πάσῃ σαρκί. Πλήρωσον χαρᾶς καὶ εὐφροσύνης τὰς καρδίας ἡμῶν, ἵνα ἐν πᾶσι, πάντοτε πᾶσαν αὐτάρκειαν ἔχοντες, περισσεύσωμεν εἰς πᾶν ἔργον ἀγαθὸν, τοῦ ποιεῖν τὸ θέλημά σου τὸ ἅγιον. Ὁ λαὸς λέγει. Κύριε ἐλέησον. Ὁ ἱερεὺς λέγει, καὶ ὁ λαὸς ἀποκρίνεται. Κύριε ἐλέησον. Χάρισαι τῷ λαῷ σου τὴν ὁμόνοιαν. Τῷ κόσμῳ τὴν εὐστάθειαν. Τῷ ἀέρι τὴν εὐκρασίαν. Τοῖς νοσοῦσι τὴν σωτηρίαν. Τοῖς δεομένοις τὴν ἀνάψυξιν. Τοῖς ἐν ἐξορίαις τὴν ἄνεσιν. Τοῖς ὀρφανοῖς τὴν βοήθειαν. Ταῖς χήραις τὴν ἀντίληψιν. Τοῖς θλιβομένοις ἐπάρκησον εἰς ἀγαθόν. Τοὺς ἑστῶτας ὀχύρωσον. Τοὺς πεπτωκότας ἔγειρον. Τοὺς ἑστηκότας ἀσφάλισαι. Τῶν κεκοιμημένων μνήσθητι. Τῶν ἐν ὁμολογίᾳ τὰς πρεσβείας πρόσδεξαι. Τοὺς ἡμαρτηκότας καὶ μετανοήσαντας, συναρίθμησον μετὰ τῶν πιστῶν σου. Τοὺς πιστοὺς συναρίθμησον μετὰ μαρτύρων σου. Μιμητὰς τοὺς παρόντας ἐν τῷ τόπῳ τούτῳ τῶν ἀγγέλων κατάστησον. Καὶ ἡμᾶς τῇ σῇ χάριτι πρὸς τὴν σὴν κεκλημέ νους διακονίαν ἀναξίους ὄντας ὑπόδεξαι.","english":"Act with us according to your goodness, you who give food to every flesh. Fill our hearts with joy and gladness, so that in all things, at all times, having complete sufficiency, we may abound in every good work, to do your holy will. The people say: Lord, have mercy. The priest says, and the people answer: Lord, have mercy. Grant to your people concord. To the world stability. To the air good temperateness. To the sick deliverance. To those in need refreshment. To those in exile relief. To the orphans assistance. To the widows support. To those in distress provide for good. Strengthen those who stand. Raise up those who have fallen. Secure those who are standing. Remember those who have fallen asleep. Accept the intercessions of those in confession. Number those who have sinned and repented among your faithful. Number the faithful among your martyrs. Make those present in this place imitators of the angels. And receive us, who are called to your service by your grace, though unworthy.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"Ποίησον μεθ' ἡμῶν","severity":"info","text":"The passage shifts from the priest's private prayer (previous passage) to a public, diaconal-style litany with congregational responses, marked by the rubric 'The people say' and 'The priest says, and the people answer'.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"αὐτάρκειαν","severity":"info","text":"αὐτάρκειαν ('self-sufficiency') is a Stoic and Cynic virtue adopted by early Christian asceticism; here it denotes spiritual contentment, not mere material sufficiency.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"Τοὺς πεπτωκότας ἔγειρον","severity":"info","text":"The petition 'Raise up those who have fallen' echoes the language of Psalm 145:14 (LXX) and the New Testament theme of spiritual restoration (e.g., Gal 1:1).","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"Τοῖς ἐν ἐξορίαις τὴν ἄνεσιν","severity":"info","text":"Prayer for exiles reflects the historical context of the 4th-century church under imperial persecution and the aftermath of the Arian controversy, when many bishops and clergy were exiled.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"parallel","kind":"parallel","basis":"text","lemma":"Τοὺς πιστοὺς συναρίθμησον μετὰ μαρτύρων σου","severity":"info","text":"The request to number the faithful among the martyrs parallels the liturgical commemoration of martyrs in the anaphora of the Liturgy of St. Basil and the Syriac tradition.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"Μιμητὰς τοὺς παρόντας ... τῶν ἀγγέλων κατάστησον","severity":"info","text":"The petition to make the congregation imitators of angels reflects the monastic ideal of the 'angelic life' (βίος ἀγγελικός) prevalent in 4th-century Egyptian and Cappadocian asceticism.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The Greek text does not specify whether the priest's petitions are spoken aloud or silently; the rubric 'the priest says, and the people answer' suggests a dialogue, but the preceding passage indicates the priest's private prayer was silent.","The phrase 'τοὺς ἑστῶτας ὀχύρωσον' and 'τοὺς ἑστηκότας ἀσφάλισαι' appear redundant; the first may refer to those standing firm in faith, the second to those physically present."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":18,"ref":"p18","source":"Ὁ λαὸς λέγει. Κύριε ἐλέησον.\n\nὉ ἱερεὺς λέγει. Μνήσθητι, Κύριε, καὶ τῆς πόλεως ἡμῶν ταύτης, καὶ τῶν ἐν ὀρθοδόξῳ πίστει οἰκούντων ἐν αὐτῇ, καὶ πάσης πόλεως καὶ χώρας σὺν παντὶ τῷ κόσμῳ αὐτῶν. Καὶ ῥῦσαι ἡμᾶς ἀπὸ λιμοῦ καὶ λοιμοῦ, σεισμοῦ καὶ καταποντισμοῦ πυρὸς, καὶ ἀπὸ αἰχμαλωσίας βαρβάρων, καὶ ἀπὸ τῶν ἀλλοτρίων μαχαιρῶν, καὶ ἐπαναστάσεως ἐχθρῶν τε καὶ αἱρετικῶν.\n\nὉ λαὸς λέγει. Κύριε ἐλέησον.\n\nὉ ἱερεὺς λέγει. Μνήσθητι, Κύριε, τῶν προλαβόν των ὁσίων Πατέρων ἡμῶν ὀρθοδόξων ἐπισκόπων, καὶ πάντων τῶν ἀπ' αἰῶνός σοι εὐαρεστησάντων, ἁγίων Πατέρων, πατριαρχῶν, ἀποστόλων, προφητῶν, κηρύκων, εὐαγγελιστῶν, μαρτύρων, ὁμολογητῶν, καὶ παντὸς πνεύματος δικαίου, ἐν πίστει Χριστοῦ τετελειωμένου.\n\nἘκφωνήσει. Ἐξαιρέτως τῆς παναγίας ὑπερενδόξου, ἀχράν του, ὑπερευλογημένης δεσποίνης ἡμῶν θεοτόκου καὶ ἀειπαρθένου Μαρίας. Τοῦ ἁγίου ἐνδόξου προφήτου, προδρόμου, βαπτι στοῦ, καὶ μάρτυρος Ἰωάννου. Τοῦ ἁγίου Στεφάνου τοῦ πρωτοδιακόνου καὶ πρωτομάρτυρος. Καὶ τοῦ ἁγίου καὶ μακαρίου Πατρὸς ἡμῶν Μάρκου, τοῦ ἀποστόλου καὶ εὐαγγελιστοῦ. Καὶ τοῦ ἐν ἁγίοις Πατρὸς","english":"The people say: Lord, have mercy.\n\nThe priest says: Remember, Lord, also this city of ours, and those dwelling in it in orthodox faith, and every city and country together with their whole world. And deliver us from famine and plague, earthquake and flood, fire, and from captivity by barbarians, and from foreign swords, and from insurrection of enemies and heretics.\n\nThe people say: Lord, have mercy.\n\nThe priest says: Remember, Lord, our holy orthodox bishops who have gone before, and all who from eternity have pleased you, holy fathers, patriarchs, apostles, prophets, heralds, evangelists, martyrs, confessors, and every righteous spirit perfected in the faith of Christ.\n\nHe says aloud: Especially of our all-holy, most glorious, immaculate, most blessed Lady the Theotokos and ever-virgin Mary. Of the holy, glorious prophet, forerunner, baptist, and martyr John. Of the holy Stephen the protodeacon and protomartyr. And of our holy and blessed father Mark, the apostle and evangelist. And of our father among the saints","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"Ὁ λαὸς λέγει. Κύριε ἐλέησον.","severity":"info","text":"The repeated response 'Κύριε ἐλέησον' (Lord, have mercy) structures the litany as a dialogue between priest and people, a common feature in Eastern anaphoral prayers.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ὀρθοδόξῳ πίστει","severity":"info","text":"'ὀρθοδόξῳ πίστει' (orthodox faith) here refers to adherence to Nicene orthodoxy, distinguishing the community from heretics mentioned later in the same prayer.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"λιμοῦ καὶ λοιμοῦ, σεισμοῦ καὶ καταποντισμοῦ πυρὸς","severity":"info","text":"The list of calamities (famine, plague, earthquake, flood, fire) reflects the liturgical concern for natural and human disasters, typical of early Byzantine intercessory prayers.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"Μάρκου, τοῦ ἀποστόλου καὶ εὐαγγελιστοῦ","severity":"info","text":"The mention of Mark the evangelist ties this liturgy to the Alexandrian tradition, as Mark was considered founder of the Church of Alexandria, a key figure in Coptic Christianity.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"Ἐκφωνήσει. Ἐξαιρέτως","severity":"info","text":"The rubric 'Ἐκφωνήσει' (he says aloud) marks a shift to an ekphonic prayer, where the priest raises his voice, introducing a specific commemoration of saints after the general intercession.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"πρωτοδιακόνου καὶ πρωτομάρτυρος","severity":"info","text":"'Πρωτοδιακόνου καὶ πρωτομάρτυρος' (protodeacon and protomartyr) are titles for Stephen, emphasizing his dual role as first deacon and first martyr in Christian tradition.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The Greek text breaks off mid-sentence after 'Πατρὸς' (father), leaving the commemoration of Mark incomplete; the English draft supplies 'our father among the saints' as a plausible continuation.","The phrase 'τῶν προλαβόν των' is a scribal error or variant for 'τῶν προλαβόντων' (those who have gone before), here interpreted as such."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":19,"ref":"p19","source":"Γρηγορίου. Καὶ ὧν ἐν τῇ σήμερον ἡμέρᾳ τὴν ὑπόμνησιν ποιούμεθα, καὶ παντὸς χοροῦ τῶν ἁγίων σου, ὧν ταῖς εὐχαῖς καὶ πρεσβείαις, καὶ ἡμᾶς ἐλέησον, καὶ σῶ σον διὰ τὸ ὄνομά σου τὸ ἅγιον, τὸ ἐπικληθὲν ἐφ' ἡμᾶς. Ὁ διάκονος λέγει τὰ Δίπτυχα.\n\nὉ ἱερεὺς λέγει ἐν ἑαυτῷ. Μνήσθητι, Κύριε, τῶν προκεκοιμημένων ἐν τῇ ὀρθοδόξῳ πίστει πατέρων ἡμῶν καὶ ἀδελφῶν, καὶ ἀνάπαυσον τὰς ψυχὰς αὐτῶν μετὰ ὁσίων, μετὰ δικαίων. Ἔκθρεψον, σύναψον εἰς τόπον χλόης, ἐπὶ ὕδατος ἀναπαύσεως, ἐν παραδείσῳ τρυφῆς, καὶ μετὰ τούτων ὧν εἴπομεν τὰ ὀνόματα αὐτῶν. Τότε μνημονεύει ζώντων καὶ νεκρῶν, καὶ μετὰ δίπτυχα ὁ ἱερεὺς λέγει. Μνήσθητι, Κύριε, ὧν ἐμνήσθημεν, καὶ ὧν οὐκ ἐμνήσθημεν, πιστῶν καὶ ὀρθοδόξων, μεθ' ὧν καὶ ἡμῖν σὺν αὐτοῖς ὡς ἀγαθὸς καὶ φιλάνθρωπος Θεός. Ὁ λαὸς λέγει. Ἄνες, ἄφες, συγχώρησον.\n\nὉ ἱερεὺς λέγει. Σὺ γὰρ εἶ ὁ Θεὸς ἡμῶν, ἐλεή μων, ὁ μὴ βουλόμενος τὸν θάνατον τοῦ ἁμαρτωλοῦ, ὡς τοῦ ἐπιστρέψαι καὶ ζῇν αὐτόν. Ὁ Θεὸς, ἐπίσκεψον ἡμᾶς ἐν τῷ σωτηρίῳ σου· ποίησον μεθ' ἡμῶν κατὰ τὴν ἐπιείκειάν σου, ὁ ποιῶν ὑπὲρ ἐκ περισ σοῦ ὧν αἰτούμεθα, ἢ νοοῦμεν· ἵνα σου καὶ ἐν τούτῳ καθὼς καὶ ἐν παντὶ δοξασθῇ καὶ ὑψωθῇ καὶ ὑμνηθῇ, καὶ εὐλογηθῇ καὶ ἁγιασθῇ τὸ πανάγιον καὶ ἔντιμον, καὶ εὐλογημένον σου ὄνομα, ἅμα τῷ ἀχράντῳ σου Πατρὶ καὶ ἁγίῳ Πνεύματι. Ὁ λαὸς λέγει. Ὡς ἦν, καὶ ἔστι, καὶ ἔσται. Ὁ διάκονος λέγει. Κατέλθετε, οἱ διάκονοι. Ὁ ἱερεὺς λέγει. Εἰρήνη πᾶσιν.","english":"Gregory. And those whose commemoration we make on this day, and the whole chorus of your saints, by whose prayers and intercessions have mercy also on us, and save us through your holy name, which has been invoked upon us. The deacon says the Diptychs.\n\nThe priest says to himself: Remember, Lord, our fathers and brothers who have fallen asleep in the orthodox faith, and give rest to their souls among the holy, among the righteous. Nourish, unite them to a place of grass, by water of repose, in a paradise of delight, and with those whose names we have mentioned. Then he commemorates the living and the dead, and after the diptychs the priest says: Remember, Lord, those whom we have remembered and those whom we have not remembered, faithful and orthodox, with whom also grant to us together with them as a good and philanthropic God. The people say: Remit, forgive, pardon.\n\nThe priest says: For you are our God, merciful, who does not desire the death of the sinner, but that he should turn and live. O God, visit us with your salvation; act with us according to your clemency, you who do beyond what we ask or conceive; so that your all-holy and honorable and blessed name may be glorified and exalted and hymned and blessed and sanctified in this as in everything, together with your immaculate Father and the Holy Spirit. The people say: As it was, and is, and shall be. The deacon says: Descend, deacons. The priest says: Peace to all.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":20,"ref":"p20","source":"Ὁ λαὸς λέγει. Καὶ τῷ πνεύματί σου. Προοίμιον τῆς κλάσεως. Ὁ ἱερεὺς λέγει. Ἰησοῦ Χριστὲ, τὸ σωτήριον ὄνομα, ὁ τὰ θεῖα καὶ ἄχραντα καὶ ἐπουράνια ταῦτα μυστήρια διατυπώσας· ὁ τοὺς μὲν ἱερεῖς ἐν τάξει ὑπηρετῶν στήσας· διὰ δὲ τῆς ἀοράτου σου δυνάμεως αὐτὰ μεταστοιχειώσας. Ὁ τοῖς καθαροῖς τῇ καρδίᾳ ἐπιφαινόμενος, καὶ τοῖς γνησίως προσιοῦσι διὰ σεαυ τοῦ * παρέχοντος. Ὁ τότε εὐλογήσας, καὶ νῦν εὐλόγησον. Ὁ τότε ἁγιάσας, καὶ νῦν ἁγίασον. Ὁ τότε κλάσας, καὶ νῦν διάθρεψον. Ὁ τότε διαδοὺς τοῖς ἑαυτοῦ μαθηταῖς καὶ ἀποστόλοις, καὶ νῦν, Δέσποτα, διάδος ἡμῖν καὶ παντὶ τῷ λαῷ σου, φιλάνθρωπε, παντόκρατορ, Κύριε ὁ Θεὸς ἡμῶν.\n\nὉ διάκονος λέγει. Προσεύξασθε.\n\nὉ λαὸς λέγει. Κύριε ἐλέησον.\n\nὉ ἱερεὺς λέγει. Εἰρήνη πᾶσιν.\n\nὉ λαὸς λέγει. Καὶ τῷ πνεύματί σου.\n\nΕὐχὴ τῆς κλάσεως. Ὁ ὢν, ὁ ἦν, ὁ ἐλθὼν, καὶ πάλιν ἐρχόμενος· ὁ ἐν δεξιᾷ τοῦ Πατρὸς καθήμενος· ὁ ἄρτος, ὁ κατα βὰς ἐκ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ, καὶ ζωὴν διδοὺς τῷ κόσμῳ· ὁ μέγας ἀρχιερεὺς, ὁ ἀρχηγὸς τῆς σωτηρίας ἡμῶν· τὸ φῶς ἀληθινὸν τὸ πρὸ πάντων αἰώνων. Ὃς ὢν ἀπαύγασμα τῆς δόξης, καὶ χαρακτὴρ τῆς ὑποστά σεως αὐτοῦ τοῦ ἰδίου σου Πατρός· ὁ εὐδοκήσας καὶ καταξιώσας κατελθεῖν ἐκ τῶν ὑψωμάτων τοῦ οὐρα νοῦ, ἐκ κόλπων τοῦ ἀπροσίτου φωτὸς, καὶ ἀληθινοῦ καὶ ἀοράτου μόνου Πατρός. Σαρκωθεὶς δὲ ἐκ Πνεύματος ἁγίου, καὶ ἐκ τῆς πανενδόξου, ἀχράντου, ἁγίας δεσποίνης ὑμῶν Θεοτόκου, καὶ ἀειπαρθένου Μαρίας, καὶ τελέως ἐνανθρωπήσας· καὶ κατὰ μετά στασιν, τὴν ἀνθρωπότητα ἀναλλοιώσας·","english":"The people say: And with your spirit. Preface to the breaking. The priest says: Jesus Christ, the saving name, who established these divine, immaculate, and heavenly mysteries; who set the priests in order as ministers; and through your invisible power transformed them. You who appear to those pure in heart, and to those who approach sincerely, providing through yourself. You who blessed then, bless now. You who sanctified then, sanctify now. You who broke then, nourish now. You who distributed then to your own disciples and apostles, now, Master, distribute to us and to all your people, O philanthropist, Pantocrator, Lord our God.\n\nThe deacon says: Pray.\n\nThe people say: Lord, have mercy.\n\nThe priest says: Peace to all.\n\nThe people say: And with your spirit.\n\nPrayer of the breaking: The one who is, who was, who came, and who comes again; who sits at the right hand of the Father; the bread that descended from heaven and gives life to the world; the great high priest, the author of our salvation; the true light before all ages. Who, being the radiance of the glory and the character of the hypostasis of your own Father; who deigned and deemed it worthy to descend from the heights of heaven, from the bosom of the inaccessible, true, and invisible only Father. And having been incarnate from the Holy Spirit and from our all-glorious, immaculate, holy Lady Theotokos and ever-virgin Mary, and having fully become man; and after the transformation, having altered humanity.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":21,"ref":"p21","source":"ἑνώσας ἑαυ τῷ καθ' ὑπόστασιν, ἀφράστως καὶ ἀπερινοήτως, ἀτρέπτως δὲ καὶ ἀσυγχύτως, ψυχὴν ἔχουσαν λογικήν τε καὶ νοερὰν, οὕτως προῆλθες ἐξ αὐτῆς θεανθρωπωθείς· ὁμοούσιος Πατρὶ κατὰ τὴν θεότητα, καὶ ὁμοούσιος ἡμῖν κατὰ τὴν ἀνθρωπότητα. Οὐ δύο πρόσωπα οὖν, οὐδὲ δύο μορφὰς ἤγουν, οὐδὲ ἐν δυσὶ φύσεσι γνωριζόμενος, ἀλλ' εἷς Θεὸς, εἷς Κύριος, μία\n\nοὐσία, μία βασιλεία, μία δεσποτεία, μία ἐνέργεια, μία ὑπόστασις, μία θέλησις, μία φύσις τοῦ Θεοῦ Λόγου σεσαρκωμένη, καὶ προσκυνουμένη. Σταυρωθεὶς δὲ ὑπὸ Ποντίου Πιλάτου, καὶ ὁμολογήσας τὴν καλὴν ὁμολογίαν· παθὼν καὶ ταφεὶς καὶ ἀνα στὰς τῇ τρίτῃ ἡμέρᾳ, καὶ ἀνελθὼν εἰς οὐρανοὺς, καὶ καθίσας ἐν τῇ δεξιᾷ τῆς μεγαλωσύνης τοῦ Πατρὸς, πατήσας τὸν θάνατον, καὶ τὸν ᾅδην σκυλεύ σας, συντρίψας πύλας χαλκᾶς, καὶ μοχλοὺς σιδη ροῦς συνθλάσας, καὶ τὸν αἰχμάλωτον Ἀδὰμ ἀνα καλεσάμενος ἐκ φθορᾶς, καὶ ἡμᾶς ἐλευθερώσας ἐκ τῆς τοῦ διαβόλου δουλείας. Δι' ὃ δεόμεθα καὶ παρακαλοῦμέν σε, φιλάνθρωπε, ἀγαθὲ, καταξίωσον ἡμᾶς ἐν καθαρᾷ καρδίᾳ τολμᾷν ἀφόβως ἐπιβοᾶσθαι τὸν πάντων δεσπότην ἐπουράνιον Θεὸν, Πατέρα ἅγιον, καὶ λέγειν, κ. τ. λ.","english":"having united to yourself hypostatically, ineffably and inconceivably, without change and without confusion, a soul possessing reason and intellect, you thus came forth from her, having become theandric: consubstantial with the Father according to divinity, and consubstantial with us according to humanity. There are not, therefore, two persons, nor two forms, nor are you known in two natures, but you are one God, one Lord, one essence, one kingdom, one dominion, one energy, one hypostasis, one will, one nature of God the Word incarnate and worshipped. Having been crucified by Pontius Pilate, and having made the good confession, having suffered and been buried and risen on the third day, and having ascended into the heavens, and having sat at the right hand of the majesty of the Father, having trampled death, and having plundered Hades, having shattered bronze gates and crushed iron bars, and having called back the captive Adam from corruption, and having freed us from the slavery of the devil. On account of this we beseech and entreat you, O philanthropic and good one, deem us worthy with a pure heart to dare fearlessly to invoke the heavenly God, the master of all, the holy Father, and to say, etc.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":22,"ref":"p22","source":"Εὐχὴ ἄλλη τῆς κλάσεως. Σὺ γὰρ εἶ ὁ Λόγος τοῦ Πατρὸς, ὁ προαιώνιος Θεὸς, ὁ μέγας Ἀρχιερεὺς, ὁ ἐπὶ σωτηρίας τοῦ γένους τῶν ἀνθρώπων σαρκωθεὶς καὶ ἐνανθρωπή σας, καὶ προσκαλεσάμενος ἑαυτῷ ἐκ πάντων τῶν ἐθνῶν γένος ἐκλεκτὸν, βασίλειον ἱεράτευμα, ἔθνος ἅγιον, λαὸν εἰς περιποίησιν. Δι' ὃ δεόμεθα, καὶ παρακαλοῦμέν σε, φιλάνθρωπε, ἀγαθὲ Κύριε, μὴ εἰς ἔλεγχον καὶ ὄνειδος, μὴ εἰς κρῖμα, μηδὲ εἰς κατάκριμα τῶν ἡμετέρων ἁμαρτιῶν γενηθήτω ἡ θυσία αὐτή· ὑπὲρ γὰρ * τῶν ἀσθενειῶν ἡμῶν προσηνέγκαμεν· ἀλλ' ὥσπερ τὰ πανάγιά σου τίμια δῶρα ταῦτα πάσης ἁγιωσύνης ἐμπλῆσαι κατηξίωσας, διὰ τῆς ἐπιφοιτήσεως τοῦ παναγίου σου Πνεύματος ἐπ' αὐτῶν, οὕτως καὶ ἡμῶν τῶν ἁμαρτωλῶν, δούλων σου, ἁγιάσαι καταξίωσον τὰς ψυχὰς, τὰ σώματα, τὰ πνεύματα, τὰς συνειδήσεις, ὅπως πεφωτισμένῃ ψυχῇ, ἀνεπαισχύντῳ προσώπῳ, καρδίᾳ καθαρᾷ, συνειδήσει ἀνυποκρίτῳ, ἡγιασμένοις χείλεσιν, ἀγάπῃ τελείᾳ, ἐλπίδι ἀσφαλεῖ, τολμῶμεν μετὰ παῤῥη σίας, ἄνευ φόβου, λέγειν τὴν ἁγίαν προσευχὴν, ἣν μετέδωκας τοῖς ἰδίοις τοῖς ἁγίοις σου μαθηταῖς καὶ ἱεροῖς ἀποστόλοις. Ὅταν προσεύχησθε, οὕτως προσεύχεσθε ὑμεῖς. Πάτερ ἡμῶν, κ. τ. λ.","english":"Another prayer of the breaking. For you are the Word of the Father, the pre-eternal God, the great High Priest, who for the salvation of the human race became flesh and was incarnate, and called to yourself from all nations an elect race, a royal priesthood, a holy nation, a people for possession. Therefore we beseech and implore you, O philanthropic and good Lord, that this sacrifice not become for reproach and disgrace, nor for judgment, nor for condemnation of our sins; for we have offered it on account of our weaknesses. But just as you have deemed these your all-holy precious gifts worthy to be filled with all holiness through the visitation of your all-holy Spirit upon them, so also deign to sanctify the souls, bodies, spirits, and consciences of us, your sinful servants, so that with an enlightened soul, a face without shame, a pure heart, an unhypocritical conscience, sanctified lips, perfect love, and secure hope, we may dare with boldness, without fear, to say the holy prayer which you imparted to your own holy disciples and sacred apostles: \"When you pray, pray thus: Our Father,\" etc.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":23,"ref":"p23","source":"Ὁ λαὸς λέγει. Ἁγιασθήτω.\n\nΕὐχὴ ἄλλη τῆς κλάσεως. Εὐλογητὸς εἶ, Χριστὲ ὁ Θεὸς, ὁ παντοκράτωρ, ὁ λυτρωτὴς τῆς ἑαυτοῦ Ἐκκλησίας· ὦ Λόγε, ὃν προνοοῦσιν αὐτὸν, καὶ ἄνθρωπε, ὃν προθεωροῦσιν αὐτόν. Ὁ διὰ τῆς ἀκαταλήπτου αὐτοῦ σαρκώσεως, ἑτοιμάσας ἡμῖν ἄρτον ἐπουράνιον, τοῦτο τὸ σῶμά σου, ὃν ἔθου ἐν μυστήριον* καὶ πανάγιον ἐν τοῖς ἅπασιν. Ἐκέρασας ἡμῖν ποτήριον ἐξ ἀμπέλου ἀλη θείας, ἐκ θείας καὶ ἀχράντου σου πλευρᾶς. Ὁ καὶ μετὰ δεδωκέναι τὸ πνεῦμα ἐκχέων ἐξ αὐτῆς αἷμα καὶ ὕδωρ, οἷς ἁγιασμὸς τῷ κόσμῳ παντί. Κτῆσαι ἡμᾶς, ἀγαθὲ Κύριε, τοὺς ἀναξίους δούλους σου· ποίησον ἡμᾶς λαὸν περιούσιον, βασίλειον ἱεράτευμα, ἔθνος ἅγιον. Ἁγίασον καὶ ἡμᾶς, ὁ Θεὸς, ὥσπερ ἡγίασας τὰ προκείμενα καὶ ἅγια δῶρα ταῦτα, καὶ ἐποίησας αὐτὰ ἀόρατα ἐκ τῶν ὁρατῶν, μυστήρια ὧν* προνοοῦσιν, αὐτά σοι, Κύριε ὁ Θεὸς, ὁ Σωτὴρ ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦς Χριστός. Σὺ οὖν, Κύριε, διὰ τῆς πολλῆς σου εὐσπλαγχνίας κατηξίωσας ἡμᾶς διὰ τοῦ βαπτίσματος γενέσθαι εἰς υἱοὺς καὶ κληρονόμους. Ἐδίδαξας ἡμᾶς τὸν τύπον τῆς προσευχῆς ὅς ἐστιν ἐμμυστήριος, τοῦ προσεύχεσθαι ἐν αὐτῇ τὸν ἄχραντόν σου Πατέρα. Σὺ οὖν καὶ νῦν, δέσποτα Κύριε, καταξίωσον ἡμᾶς ἐν ἁγιασμένῃ συνειδήσει, καὶ λο γισμῷ ἀγαθῷ ὃν πρέπει πόθῳ καὶ παῤῥησίᾳ ἀγαθῇ τολμᾷν ἐπικαλεῖσθαι τὸν ἐν τοῖς οὐρανοῖς ἅγιον Θεὸν, Πατέρα σου, καὶ λέγειν. Ὁ λαὸς λέγει. Πάτερ ἡμῶν.","english":"The people say: Let it be sanctified.\n\nAnother prayer of the breaking. Blessed are you, Christ the God, the Almighty, the Redeemer of his own Church; O Word, whom they foresee, and Man, whom they behold beforehand. You who through your incomprehensible incarnation prepared for us heavenly bread, this your body, which you placed as a mystery and all-holy among all. You mixed for us a cup from the vine of truth, from your divine and immaculate side. You who, even after having given up the spirit, pour forth from it blood and water, with which sanctification comes to the whole world. Acquire us, good Lord, your unworthy servants; make us a chosen people, a royal priesthood, a holy nation. Sanctify also us, O God, as you sanctified these set-forth and holy gifts, and made them invisible from the visible, mysteries which they foresee, these to you, Lord God, our Savior Jesus Christ. You therefore, Lord, through your great compassion deemed us worthy through baptism to become sons and heirs. You taught us the form of prayer which is mystical, to pray in it to your immaculate Father. You therefore now also, Lord Master, deem us worthy with sanctified conscience and good intention, which it befits with longing and good confidence to dare to invoke the holy God in the heavens, your Father, and to say. The people say: Our Father.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":24,"ref":"p24","source":"Καὶ μετὰ τὸ Πάτερ ἡμῶν ὁ ἱερεὺς λέγει. Ναὶ, Κύριε, Κύριε, ὁ δεδωκὼς ἡμῖν τὴν ἐξουσίαν τοῦ πατεῖν ἐπάνω ὄφεων καὶ σκορπίων, καὶ ἐπὶ πᾶ σαν δύναμιν τοῦ ἐχθροῦ, σύντριψον καὶ καθυπόταξον τὰς κεφαλὰς τῶν ἐχθρῶν ἡμῶν ὑπὸ τοὺς πόδας\n\nἐν τάχει, καὶ πᾶσαν τὴν κακότεχνον αὐτῶν ἐπίνοιαν τὴν καθ' ἡμῶν διασκέδασον, ὅτι σὺ εἶ βασιλεὺς ἡμε τέρων* πάντων, Χριστὲ ὁ Θεός· καὶ σοὶ τὴν δόξαν καὶ τὴν εὐχαριστείαν καὶ τὴν προσκύνησιν ἀναπέμ πομεν, καθ' ἑκάστην ἡμέραν, σὺν τῷ ἀνάρχῳ σου Πατρὶ, καὶ τῷ ἁγίῳ Πνεύματι, νῦν, κ. τ. λ. Ὁ διάκονος λέγει. Τὰς κεφαλὰς ὑμῶν.\n\nΕὐχὴ τῆς κεφαλοκλισίας. Ὁ κλίνας οὐρανοὺς καὶ κατελθὼν ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς, εἰς σωτηρίαν τοῦ γένους τῶν ἀνθρώπων, ὁ τῆς σῆς χάριτος πᾶσαν ἐξαπλώσας τὴν εὐθηνίαν· ὁ ποιῶν πάντα ὑπὲρ ἐκ περισσοῦ, ὧν αἰτούμεθα, ἢ νοοῦμεν· φιλάνθρωπε, ἀγαθὲ, ἔκτεινόν σου τὴν χεῖρα τὴν ἀόρατον, τὴν εὐλογημένην, τὴν μεστὴν ἐλέους καὶ οἰκτιρμῶν, καὶ εὐλογῶν εὐλόγησον τοὺς δούλους σου, καὶ καθάρισον αὐτοὺς ἀπὸ παντὸς μολυσμοῦ σαρκὸς καὶ πνεύματος· καὶ ποίησον ἡμᾶς μετόχους καὶ συσσώμους γενέσθαι τῇ σῇ χάριτι, ὅπως ἐν ἁγιότητι καὶ δικαιοσύνῃ σοι τὴν ἱκεσίαν προσάγοντες*, καὶ σοὶ πρέπει πᾶσα δόξα, μεγαλοσύνη, κράτος τε καὶ ἐξουσία, ἅμα τῷ ἀχράντῳ σου Πατρὶ, καὶ τῷ ἁγίῳ Πνεύματι, νῦν, κ. τ. λ. Εὐχὴ ἄλλη ὁμοίως. Πρόσχες, Κύριε Ἰησοῦ Χριστὲ ὁ Θεὸς ἡμῶν, ἐξ ἁγίου τοῦ κατοικητηρίου σου, καὶ ἀπὸ θρόνου τῆς βασιλείας σου, καὶ ἐλθὲ εἰς τὸ ἁγιάσαι ἡμᾶς τοὺς ἐπικλίναντάς σου. Ὁ ἄνω τῷ πατρὶ συγκαθήμενος, καὶ ὧδε ἡμῖν ἀοράτως συνών·","english":"And after the Our Father the priest says: Yea, Lord, Lord, who has given us the power to tread upon serpents and scorpions, and upon every power of the enemy, crush and subdue the heads of our enemies beneath our feet speedily, and scatter all their malicious design against us, for you are king of us all, Christ the God; and to you we send up glory and thanksgiving and adoration each day, together with your beginningless Father and the Holy Spirit, now, etc. The deacon says: Your heads.\n\nPrayer of the bowing of the head. You who bent the heavens and came down to earth for the salvation of the human race, you who have spread forth all abundance of your grace; you who do everything beyond what we ask or conceive; O lover of mankind, O good one, stretch out your invisible hand, your blessed hand, full of mercy and compassion, and blessing, bless your servants, and cleanse them from every defilement of flesh and spirit; and make us partakers and of one body with your grace, so that in holiness and righteousness we may offer supplication to you, and to you belongs all glory, majesty, might and power, together with your undefiled Father and the Holy Spirit, now, etc. Another prayer likewise. Give heed, Lord Jesus Christ our God, from your holy dwelling and from the throne of your kingdom, and come to sanctify us who bow down to you. You who sit above with the Father, and here are invisibly present with us.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":25,"ref":"p25","source":"καὶ καταξίωσον τῇ κραταιᾷ σου χειρὶ, μεταδοῦναι ἡμῖν τοῦ ἀχράντου σώ ματός σου, καὶ δι' ἡμῶν παντὶ τῷ λαῷ. Σὺ γὰρ εἶ ὁ κλῶν καὶ κλώμενος, καὶ ἄκλαστος· καὶ σοὶ τὴν δόξαν ἀναπέμπομεν, σὺν τῷ Πατρὶ, καὶ τῷ ἁγίῳ Πνεύματι, νῦν, κ. τ. λ. Ὁ διάκονος λέγει. Πρόσχωμεν Θεῷ μετὰ φόβου. Εὐχὴ τῆς ἐλευθερίας Εἰρήνη πᾶσιν. Ὁ ἀμνὸς τοῦ Θεοῦ, ὁ αἴρων τὴν ἁμαρτίαν τοῦ κόσμου· τὸ πανάσπιλον αὐτοῦ αἷμα διαχύσας ἐπὶ τὴν τοῦ κόσμου ζωὴν, καὶ εἰς λύτρον καὶ ἀντάλλαγμα πάντων, ἑαυτὸν παρέδωκας, ἐκ θανάτου λυτρωσάμενος, ἐν ᾧ κατειχόμεθα, πεπραμένοι ὑπὸ τὴν ἁμαρτίαν. Ὁ τῶν φοβουμένων αὐτὸν ποιῶν τὸ θέλημα, καὶ τῆς δεήσεως αὐτῶν εἰσακούων, καὶ σώζων αὐτούς. Ὁ τοῦ δικαίου Ἰὼβ εἰσακούσας ἀνιστάμενος τὸ πρωῒ καὶ ὑπὲρ * παιδίων φίλτρων θυσίας προσαγαγὼν εἰπὼν, μήπως ἐνενόησαν υἱοί μου πονη ρὰ ἐν τῇ καρδίᾳ αὐτῶν ἔναντι Θεοῦ. Καὶ ἐμοῦ τοῦ ἐλεεινοῦ καὶ ἁμαρτωλοῦ, καὶ ἀχρείου σου δούλου, ἱκετεύω ὑπὲρ τῶν σῶν οἰκετῶν, πατέρων μου καὶ ἀδελφῶν, καὶ ὑπὲρ τῆς ἐμῆς ἀθλιότητος. Εὐμενεῖ προσώπῳ καὶ γαληνῷ ὄμματι, ἔπιδε ἐφ' ἡμᾶς ἐν ταύτῃ τῇ ὥρᾳ· καὶ πάρες οὖν ἡμῖν πᾶσαν ἀθετη ρίαν, καὶ πᾶσαν παράβασιν, καὶ παρακοὴν νόμου καὶ τῶν σῶν ἐντολῶν· ἔτι δὲ καὶ πᾶσαν συνείδησιν, καὶ πᾶσαν ἐνθύμησιν, καὶ πάσαις * πράξεσι, καὶ πάσαις κινήσεσι γεγωνυίαις ἐν ἑαυτοῖς, ἡμερικῶς τε καὶ νυκτερικῶς ἐπιδῆσαι καὶ κατακρατῆσαι κατὰ τῆς ψυχῆς. Καὶ ἀθώοσον αὐτοὺς ἀπὸ πάσης συνειδήσεως πονηρῶν, καὶ πάσης ἀκάρπου πράξεως, καὶ παντὸς λογισμοῦ πεπυρωμένου * ἐστὶν βέβηλα παρὰ τὴν τῆς ψυχῆς καθαρότητα.","english":"and deem it worthy, with your mighty hand, to impart to us your undefiled body, and through us to all the people. For you are the one who breaks and is broken, yet unbroken; and we send up glory to you, together with the Father and the Holy Spirit, now, etc. The deacon says: Let us attend to God with fear. Prayer of freedom: Peace to all. The Lamb of God, who takes away the sin of the world; having poured out his spotless blood upon the life of the world, and as ransom and exchange for all, you gave yourself, having redeemed from death in which we were held, sold under sin. He who does the will of those who fear him, and hears their supplication, and saves them. He who heard the righteous Job, rising in the morning and offering sacrifice for the love of children, saying, lest my sons have conceived evil in their heart against God. And I, your pitiable and sinful and worthless servant, beseech you on behalf of your servants, my fathers and brothers, and for my own wretchedness. With a gracious face and serene eye, look upon us at this hour; and grant us forgiveness for every transgression, and every violation, and disobedience of the law and of your commandments; and also every conscience, and every thought, and in all deeds, and in all motions that have occurred within us, by day and by night, to bind and hold fast against the soul. And acquit them from every conscience of evil, and every fruitless deed, and every inflamed thought that is profane contrary to the purity of the soul.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[{"kind":"scripture","severity":"info","ref":"John 1:29","text":"The English carries the scriptural phrase “the lamb of god”, which matches John 1:29. The match is on the English draft; check the Coptic before quoting the verse."}]},{"i":26,"ref":"p26","source":"Χάρισαι αὐτῶν τὴν τῶν ἁμαρτιῶν ἐπίγνωσιν, καὶ τελείως ἀπέχεσθαι ἀπ' αὐτῶν. Δώρησαι αὐτοῖς μετανοίας ἁγνότητος*, καὶ τὴν εἰς σὲ ἐπιστροφήν· σὺ γὰρ, Δέσποτα Κύριε, ἐπτώχευσας ἑκουσίως ἐν τῷ σε σαρκωθῆναι, διὰ τὴν τοῦ γένους ἡμῶν σωτηρίαν· καὶ διέῤῥηξας τὸ καθ' ἡμῶν χειρόγραφον, διὰ τὴν ἐπὶ τοῦ σταυροῦ τῶν θείων σου παλάμων ἐφάπλωσιν. Φεῖσαι πάντων, Δέσποτα φιλόψυχε, ὅτι τὰ σύμπαντα δοῦλασὰ, καὶ παρὰ σοῦ ἡμέτερα ἀφετήρια, καὶ οὐδὲν τῶν ἐπιτηδευμάτων τῶν χειρῶν ἡμῶν· δι' ὃ τὴν σὴν βασιλείαν δοξάζομεν καὶ ἀνυμνοῦμέν σε, Χριστὲ ὁ Θεὸς ἡμῶν, ἅτινα ν... λου... ων... θορων. Πάσαις ἡμέραις ἕως αἱρετικῶν καὶ ἐθνικῶν. Ἔμπλησον ἡμᾶς τοῦ σοῦ\n\nφόβου, καὶ κατεύθυνον εἰς τὸ ἀγαθόν σου θέλημα· σὺ γὰρ εἶ ὁ Θεὸς ἡμῶν, καὶ πρέπει σοι δόξα, τιμὴ καὶ προσκύνησις.\n\nὉ ἱερεὺς λέγει. Σῶμα καὶ αἷμα.\n\nὉ διάκονος λέγει. Μετὰ φόβου Θεοῦ πρόσχωμεν. Ὁ ἱερεὺς ὑψοῖ Δεσποτικὸν καὶ ἐκφωνήσει· Τὰ ἅγια τοῖς ἁγίοις. Ὁ λαὸς λέγει. Κύριε ἐλέησον. Εἷς Πατὴρ ἅγιος, εἷς Υἱὸς ἅγιος, ἓν Πνεῦμα ἅγιον. Ἀμήν.","english":"Grant them recognition of their sins, and to abstain completely from them. Bestow upon them purity of repentance, and their return to you; for you, Lord Master, voluntarily became poor in your incarnation, for the salvation of our race; and you tore up the indictment against us, through the stretching out of your divine palms on the cross. Spare all, Master, lover of souls, for all things are your servants, and from you come our pardons, and nothing of the pursuits of our hands; for this we glorify your kingdom and hymn you, Christ our God, which things... in... all days until heretics and gentiles. Fill us with your fear, and direct us to your good will; for you are our God, and to you are due glory, honor, and adoration.\n\nThe priest says: Body and blood.\n\nThe deacon says: With fear of God let us attend. The priest raises the Lord’s [host] and proclaims: The holy things for the holy. The people say: Lord, have mercy. One Father holy, one Son holy, one Spirit holy. Amen.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":27,"ref":"p27","source":"Ὁ ἱερεὺς λέγει. Ὁ Κύριος μετὰ πάντων ὑμῶν. Ὁ λαὸς λέγει. Καὶ μετὰ τοῦ πνεύματός σου. Ὁ ἱερεὺς λέγει. Εὐλογητὸς Κύριος εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας. Ἀμήν.\n\nὉ λαὸς λέγει. Ἀμήν.\n\nὉ ἱερεὺς λέγει. Εἰρήνη πᾶσιν. Ὁ λαὸς λέγει. Καὶ τῷ πνεύματί σου. Ὁ ἱερεὺς λέγει. Σῶμα ἅγιον καὶ αἷμα τίμιον, ἀληθινὸν, Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ Υἱοῦ τοῦ Θεοῦ. Ἀμήν.\n\nὉ λαὸς λέγει. Ἀμήν.\n\nὉ ἱερεὺς λέγει. Σῶμα ἅγιον καὶ αἷμα τίμιον, ἀληθινὸν, Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ Υἱοῦ τοῦ Θεοῦ. Ἀμήν.\n\nὉ λαὸς λέγει. Ἀμήν.\n\nὉ ἱερεὺς λέγει. Σῶμα καὶ αἷμα Ἐμμανουὴλ τοῦ Θεοῦ ἡμῶν, τοῦτό ἐστιν ἀληθῶς. Ἀμήν.\n\nὉ λαὸς λέγει. Ἀμήν.\n\nΠιστεύω, πιστεύω, πιστεύω καὶ ὁμολογῶ ἕως ἐσχάτης ἀναπνοῆς, ὅτι αὕτη ἐστὶν ἡ σὰρξ ἡ ζωοποιὸς, ἣν ἔλαβες, Χριστὲ ὁ Θεὸς ἡμῶν, ἐκ τῆς ἁγίας δεσποίνης ἡμῶν Θεοτόκου, καὶ ἀειπαρθένου Μαρίας· καὶ ἐποίησας αὐτὴν μίαν σὺν τῇ θεότητι σου, μὴ ἐν μίξει, μηδὲ ἐν φυρμῷ, μηδὲ ἐν ἀλλοιώσει· καὶ ἐμαρτύρησας ἐπὶ Ποντίου Πιλάτου τὴν καλὴν ὁμολογίαν, καὶ παρέδωκεν* αὐτὴν ὑπὲρ ἡμῶν πάντων... έρων ἐπὶ τοῦ ξύλου τοῦ σταυροῦ τοῦ ἁγίου, ἐν τῷ θελήματί σου. Ἀληθῶς πιστεύω, ὅτι θεότης σου οὐδ' οὐ μηδέποτε χωρισθεῖσα ἐξ ἀνθρωπότητός σου, ἐν ἀτόμῳ, οὐδὲ ἐν ῥιπῇ ὀφθαλμοῦ. Μετέδωκας αὐτὴν εἰς λύτρωσιν, καὶ εἰς ἄφεσιν ἁμαρτιῶν, καὶ εἰς ζωὴν τὴν αἰώνιον, τοῖς ἐξ αὐτῆς μεταλαμβάνουσι. Πιστεύω ὅτι αὕτη ἔστιν ἀληθῶς. Ἀμήν.","english":"The priest says: The Lord be with all of you. The people say: And with your spirit. The priest says: Blessed is the Lord unto the ages. Amen.\n\nThe people say: Amen.\n\nThe priest says: Peace to all. The people say: And to your spirit. The priest says: Holy body and precious blood, true, of Jesus Christ Son of God. Amen.\n\nThe people say: Amen.\n\nThe priest says: Holy body and precious blood, true, of Jesus Christ Son of God. Amen.\n\nThe people say: Amen.\n\nThe priest says: Body and blood of Emmanuel our God, this is truly. Amen.\n\nThe people say: Amen.\n\nI believe, I believe, I believe and confess until my last breath, that this is the life-giving flesh which you, Christ our God, took from our holy Lady Mother of God and ever-virgin Mary; and you made it one with your divinity, not by mixture, nor by blending, nor by alteration; and you witnessed before Pontius Pilate the good confession, and you delivered it for all of us... on the wood of the holy cross, by your will. I truly believe that your divinity was never separated from your humanity, not for an instant, not even in the blink of an eye. You imparted it for redemption, and for remission of sins, and for eternal life, to those who partake of it. I believe that this is truly. Amen.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"Ὁ ἱερεὺς λέγει ... Ὁ λαὸς λέγει","severity":"info","text":"The passage alternates between priest and people in a dialogic pattern typical of the anaphora's concluding rites, with the people's responses (e.g., 'And with your spirit') echoing early Christian liturgical greetings.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"Σῶμα ἅγιον καὶ αἷμα τίμιον","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'Holy body and precious blood' is a standard liturgical formula for the consecrated elements, here repeated three times, emphasizing the real presence before the longer confession.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"Θεοτόκου","severity":"info","text":"The title 'Theotokos' (Mother of God) was affirmed at the Council of Ephesus (431) and is central to Greek Christology; its use here underscores the incarnation and the unity of Christ's natures.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ἐπὶ Ποντίου Πιλάτου","severity":"info","text":"The reference to Pontius Pilate anchors the confession in the historical passion narrative, aligning the liturgical remembrance with the creedal statement 'crucified under Pontius Pilate'.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"παρέδωκεν* αὐτὴν ὑπὲρ ἡμῶν πάντων... έρων","severity":"caution","text":"The Greek text is corrupt here: 'παρέδωκεν' (he delivered) lacks a clear object, and 'έρων' is a fragment. The English draft supplies 'it' and 'on the wood', but the original likely read 'παρέδωκεν αὐτὴν ὑπὲρ ἡμῶν πάντων [παθεῖν] ἐπὶ τοῦ ξύλου' (he delivered it to suffer for us on the wood).","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"Πιστεύω, πιστεύω, πιστεύω","severity":"info","text":"The triple 'I believe' is a distinctive feature of this liturgy, reflecting a later Byzantine emphasis on the communicant's personal confession before receiving communion, possibly influenced by anti-heretical polemics.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The Greek text has a lacuna after 'παρέδωκεν*' and before 'έρων'; the reading adopted follows the English draft's reconstruction as 'delivered it for all of us on the wood of the holy cross'.","The phrase 'τὴν καλὴν ὁμολογίαν' (the good confession) could refer to Christ's own confession before Pilate or to the believer's confession; the context suggests the former."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":28,"ref":"p28","source":"Ὁ λαὸς λέγει. Ἀμήν.\n\nὉ διάκονος λέγει. Ἐν εἰρήνῃ καὶ ἀγάπῃ. Ὁ ἱερεὺς ἐκφωνήσει. Ἀκατάληπτε θεὲ, Λόγε ἀχώρητε, ἀΐδιε, δέχου παρ' ἡμῶν τῶν ἁμαρτωλῶν, ἐξ ἀναξίων χειλέων, ὕμνον, μετὰ τῶν ἄνω δυνάμεων· σοὶ γὰρ πρέπει πᾶσα δόξα, τιμὴ καὶ προσκύνησις σὺν τῷ ἀνάρχῳ σου Πατρὶ, καὶ τῷ ζωοποιῷ σου Πνεύματι εἰς πάντας τοὺς αἰῶνας τῶν αἰώνων. Ἀμήν.\n\nὉ λαὸς λέγει ψαλμὸν ρνʹ.\n\nὉ διάκονος λέγει. Συνάχθητε καὶ εἰσέλθετε, οἱ διάκονοι, μετ' εὐλαβείας. Εὐχὴ εὐχαριστίας μετὰ τὴν μετάληψιν τῶν ἁγίων μυστηρίων. Ὁ διάκονος λέγει. Ἐπὶ προσευχῆς στάθητε. Ὁ ἱερεὺς λέγει. Εἰρήνη πᾶσιν. Ὁ λαὸς λέγει. Καὶ τῷ πνεύματί σου.\n\nὉ διάκονος λέγει. Προσεύξασθε ὑπὲρ τῆς ἀξίας μεταλήψεως. Ὁ λαὸς λέγει. Κύριε ἐλέησον.\n\nὉ ἱερεὺς λέγει τὴν εὐχὴν ταύτην. Εὐχαριστοῦμέν σοι, Λόγε Θεοῦ ἀληθινὲ, ὁ ἐκ τῆς οὐσίας τοῦ ἀνάρχου Πατρὸς, ὅτι οὕτως ἠγάπησας ἡμᾶς καὶ ἔδωκας σεαυτὸν ὑπὲρ ἡμῶν*, ἐσφαγιάσθης. Κεχάρισας ἡμῖν, διὰ τοῦ ἀχράντου σου σώματος, καὶ τοῦ τιμίου σου αἵματος, τὴν ἀπολύτρωσιν, ὡς κατηξίωσας ἡμᾶς νῦν, φιλάνθρωπε, ἵνα","english":"The people say: Amen.\n\nThe deacon says: In peace and love. The priest will exclaim: Incomprehensible God, illimitable Word, eternal, receive from us sinners, from unworthy lips, a hymn, together with the higher powers; for to you is due all glory, honor, and worship, together with your beginningless Father and your life-giving Spirit, unto all the ages of ages. Amen.\n\nThe people say Psalm 150.\n\nThe deacon says: Gather and enter, deacons, with reverence. Prayer of thanksgiving after the reception of the holy mysteries. The deacon says: Stand for prayer. The priest says: Peace to all. The people say: And to your spirit.\n\nThe deacon says: Pray for a worthy reception. The people say: Lord, have mercy.\n\nThe priest says this prayer: We thank you, true Word of God, who are from the essence of the beginningless Father, because you so loved us and gave yourself for us, you were sacrificed. You have granted us, through your pure body and your precious blood, redemption, as you have now deemed us worthy, O lover of mankind, that","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":29,"ref":"p29","source":"λάβωμεν ἐξ αὐτῶν εὐχαριστία*. Διὸ ἐξομολογοῦμέν σοι νῦν, φιλάνθρωπε, ἀγαθὲ, καὶ σοὶ τὴν δόξαν, καὶ τὴν τιμὴν, καὶ τὴν προσκύνησιν διηνεκῶς ἀναπέμπομεν, σὺν τῷ ἀνάρχῳ σου Πατρὶ καὶ τῷ ἁγίῳ σου Πνεύματι, νῦν, κ. τ. λ. Ὁ διάκονος λέγει. Τὰς κεφαλὰς ὑμῶν τῷ Κυρίῳ κλίνατε. Εὐχὴ τῆς κεφαλοκλισίας. Ὁ ὢν, ὁ ἦν, ὁ ἐλθὼν εἰς τὸν κόσμον τοῦ φωτίσαι αὐτόν· ὁ σαρκωθεὶς, ἐνανθρωπήσας, καὶ σταυρωθεὶς δι' ἡμᾶς, καὶ παθὼν ἑκουσίως σαρκὶ, καὶ μείνας ἀπαθὴς, ὡς Θεός· καὶ ταφεὶς, καὶ ἀναστὰς τῇ τρίτῃ ἡμέρᾳ, καὶ ἀνελθὼν εἰς οὐρανοὺς, καὶ καθίσας ἐν δεξιᾷ τῆς μεγαλοσύνης τῆς δόξης τοῦ Πατρὸς, τό τε θεῖον, καὶ ἅγιον, καὶ ὁμοούσιον, καὶ ὁμοδύναμον, καὶ ὁμόδοξον, καὶ συναΐδιον Πνεῦμα καταπέμψας ἐπὶ τοὺς ἁγίους σου μαθητὰς, καὶ ἀποστόλους, καὶ διὰ τούτου φωτίσας μὲν αὐτοὺς, δι' αὐτῶν δὲ πᾶσαν τὴν οἰκουμένην, Χριστὲ, ὁ ἀληθινὸς Θεὸς ἡμῶν. καὶ Γαβριὴλ καὶ Ῥαφαήλ. Καὶ τῶν ἀγγέλων τετραμόρφων ζώων ἀσωμάτων· καὶ τῶν ἀγγέλων, εἴκοσι τεσσάρων πρεσβυτέρων. Τοῦ ἁγίου ἐνδόξου, προφήτου, προδρόμου, βαπτιστοῦ, καὶ μάρτυρος Ἰωάννου. Τοῦ ἁγίου Στεφάνου τοῦ πρωτοδιακόνου καὶ πρωτομάρτυρος. Τῶν θείων, ἱερῶν, ἐνδόξων ἀποστόλων, ἀθλοφόρων προφητῶν, καὶ καλλινίκων μαρτύρων. Καὶ τοῦ ἁγίου καὶ μακαρίου Πατρὸς ἡμῶν Μάρκου τοῦ ἀποστόλου καὶ εὐαγγελιστοῦ, καὶ πάντων τῶν ἁγίων σου. Καὶ σῶσον, καὶ ἐλέησον, καὶ εὐλόγησον πάντα Χριστιανόν. Καὶ σοὶ τὴν δόξαν καὶ τιμὴν, καὶ προσκύνησιν σὺν τῷ ἀνάρχῳ σου Πατρὶ καὶ τῷ ἁγίῳ Πνεύματι νῦν καὶ ἀεί.","english":"Let us receive from them the Eucharist. Therefore we now confess to You, O Lover of Mankind, O Good One, and we send up to You glory and honor and worship continually, together with Your beginningless Father and Your Holy Spirit, now, etc. The deacon says: Bow your heads to the Lord. Prayer of the bowing of the head. O Christ, our true God, who are, who was, who came into the world to enlighten it; who became flesh, was incarnate, and was crucified for us, and suffered voluntarily in the flesh, yet remained impassible as God; and was buried, and arose on the third day, and ascended into the heavens, and sat down at the right hand of the majesty of the glory of the Father, and sent down the divine, holy, consubstantial, co-equal in power, co-glorious, and coeternal Spirit upon Your holy disciples and apostles, and through this enlightened them, and through them the whole world. And Gabriel and Raphael. And of the angels, the four-formed living beings without bodies; and of the angels, the twenty-four elders. Of the holy, glorious prophet, forerunner, baptist, and martyr John. Of the holy Stephen, the protodeacon and protomartyr. Of the divine, sacred, glorious apostles, athlete-bearing prophets, and victorious martyrs. And of our holy and blessed Father Mark, the apostle and evangelist, and of all Your saints. And save, and have mercy, and bless every Christian. And to You glory and honor and worship, together with Your beginningless Father and the Holy Spirit, now and always.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]},{"i":30,"ref":"p30","source":"Ἐν εἰρήνῃ τοῦ Θεοῦ ἐτελειώθη ἡ θεία Λειτουργία, ἡ ὡρισμένη τῷ ἐν ἁγίοις Πατρὶ ἡμῶν Θεολόγῳ Γρηγορίῳ.","english":"The divine Liturgy, appointed for our Father among the Saints, Gregory the Theologian, was completed in the peace of God.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[],"ambiguities":[],"confidence":"","notes":[]}]}