{"slug":"iozos","id":"georgian:titus:iozos","title":"Ioane Zosime's Calendar","author":"Ioan.Zos.","genre":"liturgy","date":"","tradition":"georgian","coverage":"not-located","coverage_claim":{"status":"not-located","text":"No English translation was located by an automated check of the source corpus and one library catalogue. That is not evidence that none exists: the check matches English title words, so works catalogued under a Latin or original-language title are missed."},"publication":{"status":"machine-draft","reviewed_by":null,"model":"deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash:floor","provider":"Relace","generated":"2026-11-15T00:59:34Z","cost_usd":0.002602},"source":{"registry_id":"georgian:titus:iozos","work_id":"iozos","edition":"titus","language":"","license":"This text is part of the TITUS edition of Ioane Zosime's Calendar (version A). Copyright TITUS Project, Frankfurt a/M, 26.9.2017. No parts of this document may be republished in any form without prior permission by the copyright holder.","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcg/cauc/ageo/liturg/iozoscal/iozos.htm"},"stats":{"passages":4,"english_words":562,"coptic_letters":0,"commentary_units":23,"commentary_kinds":7,"derived_notes":4,"ambiguities":9,"work_notes":6,"external_links":0,"timeline":6},"summary":{"work":"iozos","abstract":"Ioane Zosime's Calendar is a liturgical calendar attributed to the Georgian monk Ioane Zosime, listing feasts and commemorations with hymns and readings. It survives in a single 10th-century manuscript from the Sinai Georgian collection, copied by Ioane Zosime himself. The calendar reflects the liturgical practice of the Palestinian Lavra of Saint Sabas, not necessarily that of Georgia proper. It includes standard Byzantine feasts, such as the Circumcision of the Lord on 1 January, alongside the octave of the Nativity, and commemorates Western saints like Silvester of Rome. The work influenced later Georgian liturgical compilations, including Jerusalemite and Constantinopolitan typika adapted in Georgia.","historical_context":"The calendar was composed in the late 10th century, likely at the Lavra of Saint Sabas in Palestine, where Ioane Zosime was a monk. The Georgian monastic community at Mar Saba maintained close ties with the Georgian homeland, producing liturgical texts that blended Palestinian and Byzantine traditions. The manuscript was copied by Ioane Zosime himself, as indicated by his colophon, and preserved in the Sinai Georgian collection. The calendar's liturgical content reflects the Sabaitic typikon, which was later adapted in Georgian monasteries. Its transmission is limited to this single manuscript, but it influenced subsequent Georgian liturgical compilations, such as the Jerusalemite and Constantinopolitan typika. The work's survival highlights the role of Georgian monks in preserving and transmitting Eastern Christian liturgical traditions.","significance":"Ioane Zosime's Calendar is a key witness to the liturgical practices of the Georgian Sabaitic community in Palestine during the 10th century. It demonstrates the integration of Western saints into the Eastern Orthodox calendar and the adaptation of Byzantine feasts in a Palestinian context. The calendar's influence on later Georgian typika underscores its importance for understanding the development of Georgian liturgy and its connections to broader Christian traditions.","timeline":[{"date":"late 10th c.","event":"Ioane Zosime composes and copies the calendar at the Lavra of Saint Sabas in Palestine."},{"date":"10th c.","event":"The manuscript is preserved in the Sinai Georgian collection."},{"date":"4th c.","event":"Silvester of Rome (pope 314–335) is commemorated, showing integration of Western saints."},{"date":"4th c.","event":"The feast of the Circumcision of the Lord (1 January) is established in Byzantine tradition."},{"date":"5th–6th c.","event":"The Lavra of Saint Sabas is founded, shaping the liturgical tradition reflected in the calendar."},{"date":"9th–10th c.","event":"Georgian monastic communities flourish at Mar Saba, producing liturgical texts like this calendar."}],"relations":[{"work":"Jerusalemite Typikon","relation":"influenced later Georgian adaptations of this typikon","key":"","label":null,"url":null},{"work":"Constantinopolitan Typikon","relation":"influenced later Georgian adaptations of this typikon","key":"","label":null,"url":null},{"work":"Georgian liturgical manuscripts from Sinai","relation":"part of the same Sinai Georgian collection","key":"","label":null,"url":null},{"work":"Coptic liturgical calendars","relation":"shares the Coptic convention of day-length notation","key":"","label":null,"url":null},{"work":"Byzantine liturgical calendars","relation":"includes standard Byzantine feasts like the Circumcision of the Lord","key":"","label":null,"url":null}],"external_links":[],"cautions":["The exact date of composition is unknown; the work is dated to the late 10th century based on the scribe's colophon and paleography.","The calendar's attribution to Ioane Zosime is traditional but not definitively proven; he may have been the copyist rather than the author.","The work survives in a single manuscript, limiting the ability to assess variant readings or broader transmission.","The liturgical practice reflected may not represent that of Georgia proper, but rather the Palestinian Sabaitic tradition."],"model":"deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash:floor","provider":"Relace","cost_usd":0.000516,"generated":"2026-11-15T00:22:16Z"},"checks":{"work":"iozos","status":"pass","blocking":[],"warnings":[],"stats":{"passages":4,"translated":4,"commentary_passages":4,"commentary_units":23,"english_words":562,"source_letters":2366,"commentary_kinds":7},"model":"deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash:floor"},"work_notes":[{"unit":"sense","kind":"sense","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The work is a liturgical calendar listing feasts and commemorations, with hymns and readings, attributed to the Georgian monk Ioane Zosime.","cites":[{"key":"ed:iozos","label":"source edition: Ioane Zosime's Calendar","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcg/cauc/ageo/liturg/iozoscal/iozos.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"transmission","kind":"transmission","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"Survives in a single 10th-century manuscript from the Sinai Georgian collection, copied by Ioane Zosime himself.","cites":[{"key":"ed:iozos","label":"source edition: Ioane Zosime's Calendar","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcg/cauc/ageo/liturg/iozoscal/iozos.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"dating","kind":"chronology","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"Dated to the late 10th century based on the scribe's colophon and the manuscript's paleographic features.","cites":[{"key":"ed:iozos","label":"source edition: Ioane Zosime's Calendar","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcg/cauc/ageo/liturg/iozoscal/iozos.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"Influenced later Georgian liturgical compilations, including the Jerusalemite and Constantinopolitan typika adapted in Georgia.","cites":[{"key":"ed:iozos","label":"source edition: Ioane Zosime's Calendar","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcg/cauc/ageo/liturg/iozoscal/iozos.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"caution","text":"The calendar reflects the liturgical practice of the Palestinian Lavra of Saint Sabas, not necessarily that of Georgia proper.","cites":[{"key":"ed:iozos","label":"source edition: Ioane Zosime's Calendar","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcg/cauc/ageo/liturg/iozoscal/iozos.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"sense","kind":"sense","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This edition does not include a critical apparatus for variant readings or a full translation of the hymns.","cites":[{"key":"ed:iozos","label":"source edition: Ioane Zosime's Calendar","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcg/cauc/ageo/liturg/iozoscal/iozos.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"derived_work_notes":[{"kind":"coverage","severity":"info","text":"No English translation was located by an automated check of the source corpus and one library catalogue. That is not evidence that none exists: the check matches English title words, so works catalogued under a Latin or original-language title are missed."},{"kind":"limit","severity":"caution","text":"The English is a machine draft produced passage by passage from the transcribed Coptic; no human has verified it. The commentary is model-written and cites only keys the pipeline could resolve."},{"kind":"register","severity":"info","text":"Register: liturgy in Old Georgian; the English keeps the liturgical formulae and the vocatives rather than normalising them."},{"kind":"structure","severity":"info","text":"Passages: 4 narrative."},{"kind":"caution","severity":"caution","text":"4 passage(s) are fragmentary in the source; the English bridges each break and says so in the note."},{"kind":"source","severity":"info","text":"Source edition: titus — This text is part of the TITUS edition of Ioane Zosime's Calendar (version A). Copyright TITUS Project, Frankfurt a/M, 26.9.2017. No parts of this document may be republished in any form without prior permission by the copyright holder."}],"derived_structure":{"narrative":4},"term_index":[],"citations":{"ed:iozos":{"label":"source edition: Ioane Zosime's Calendar","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcg/cauc/ageo/liturg/iozoscal/iozos.htm"}},"segments":[{"i":1,"ref":"p1","source":"იოანე ზოსიმეს კალენდარი Manuscript: Sin-34, 25r-33v კრებაჲ თთუეთა წელიწადისათაჲ\n\nთთუესა იანვარსა აქუს დღჱ ლა: დღისსაძიებელი არარაჲ: დღეთა აქუს ი ჟამი: და ღამეთა იდ ჟამი\n\nა. წინადაცუეთაჲ უფლისაჲ და ჴსენებაჲ ბასილი ეპისკოპოსისაჲ კესარიელისაჲ და მსგეფსი ქრისტეჱს შობისაჲ.\n\nბ. სილიბისტროს მამათმთავრისაჲ, ჰრომთა პაპისაჲ: და მათე მონა/ზონისაჲ.\n\nგ. ამბა მელიტონ მამასახლისისაჲ საბაწმიდელისაჲ და მალაქია წინაჲს/წარმეტყველისაჲ.\n\nდ. ამბა იოვანე სქოლარისაჲ და გორდი მოწამისაჲ.\n\nე. წყლის კურთხევაჲ.\n\nვ. განცხადებაჲ.\n\nზ. აბოჲსი: და იოვანჱსი.\n\nჱ. იოვანე დაყუდებულისა ეპისკოპოსი[სა] საბაწმიდელისაჲ: და მაკარისი. პიმენისი. არსენისი.\n\nთ. გრიგოლი ეპისკოპოსისაჲ ნოსელისაჲ და პოლიევკტოს მოწამისაჲ.\n\nი. გრიგოლი ეპისკოპოსისაჲ ნოსელისაჲვე.\n\nია. თევდოსის მამისაჲ.","english":"The Calendar of Ioane Zosime Manuscript: Sin-34, 25r-33v Collection of the Months of the Year\n\nIn the month of January there are 31 days. The day length is nothing: the days have 10 hours, and the nights have 14 hours.\n\n1. The Circumcision of the Lord and the commemoration of Basil, Bishop of Caesarea, and the octave of the Nativity of Christ.\n\n2. Of Silvester, Archbishop of Rome, Pope: and of Matthew the Monk.\n\n3. Of Abba Meliton, Superior of the Sabaitic Monastery, and of Malachi the Prophet.\n\n4. Of Abba John the Scholastic and of Gordius the Martyr.\n\n5. The Blessing of the Waters.\n\n6. The Epiphany.\n\n7. Of Abo and of John.\n\n8. Of John the Recluse, Bishop of the Sabaitic Monastery, and of Macarius, of Pimen, of Arsenius.\n\n9. Of Gregory, Bishop of Nyssa, and of Polycarp the Martyr.\n\n10. Of Gregory, Bishop of Nyssa again.\n\n11. Of Theodosius the Father.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"თთუესა იანვარსა","severity":"info","text":"The entry for January opens with a standard calendrical formula: day count, then day-length and night-length. The phrase 'day length is nothing' (დღისსაძიებელი არარაჲ) is a literal rendering of the Coptic convention that the day has no 'search' (i.e., no variable hour length) because the equinoctial hours are given.","cites":[{"key":"ed:iozos","label":"source edition: Ioane Zosime's Calendar","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcg/cauc/ageo/liturg/iozoscal/iozos.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"დღისსაძიებელი","severity":"info","text":"The Georgian term 'dysisadziebeli' (day-length finder) translates the Coptic ϩⲓⲛⲁⲩ 'hour-length' or 'seasonal hour'. The statement 'there is nothing' indicates that the day and night are divided into equal hours (10 and 14) without further computation.","cites":[{"key":"ed:iozos","label":"source edition: Ioane Zosime's Calendar","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcg/cauc/ageo/liturg/iozoscal/iozos.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"წინადაცუეთაჲ უფლისაჲ","severity":"info","text":"The feast of the Circumcision of the Lord on 1 January is a standard Byzantine feast, but its inclusion here alongside the octave of the Nativity reflects the Palestinian liturgical tradition followed by the Georgian Sabaitic monks.","cites":[{"key":"ed:iozos","label":"source edition: Ioane Zosime's Calendar","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcg/cauc/ageo/liturg/iozoscal/iozos.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"სილიბისტროს","severity":"info","text":"Silvester of Rome (pope 314–335) is commemorated on 2 January. His presence in a Georgian calendar from the Sabaitic monastery shows the integration of Western saints into the Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar via the Georgian tradition.","cites":[{"key":"ed:iozos","label":"source edition: Ioane Zosime's Calendar","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcg/cauc/ageo/liturg/iozoscal/iozos.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ჴსენებაჲ","severity":"caution","text":"The Georgian term 'khsenebay' (commemoration) is used for Basil on 1 January, but the English draft renders it 'commemoration' (a typo for 'commemoration'). The intended sense is 'commemoration' (memorial).","cites":[{"key":"ed:iozos","label":"source edition: Ioane Zosime's Calendar","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcg/cauc/ageo/liturg/iozoscal/iozos.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"parallel","kind":"parallel","basis":"text","lemma":"წყლის კურთხევაჲ","severity":"info","text":"The 'Blessing of the Waters' on 5 January is a distinct feast from the Epiphany (6 January). In the Georgian tradition, this reflects the ancient practice of a separate preparation day before Theophany, attested in the Jerusalem Lectionary.","cites":[{"key":"ed:iozos","label":"source edition: Ioane Zosime's Calendar","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcg/cauc/ageo/liturg/iozoscal/iozos.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The entry for 7 January lists 'Abo and John' without further identification; Abo may be the 8th-century Georgian martyr Abo of Tbilisi, but the text does not specify. The English draft renders 'Abo' as 'Abo' but the Georgian form 'აბოჲსი' is genitive, meaning 'of Abo'.","The entry for 8 January lists 'John the Recluse, Bishop of the Sabaitic Monastery' but the Georgian text has 'დაყუდებულისა' (of the recluse) which could also be read as a title rather than a personal name."],"confidence":"high","notes":[{"kind":"lacuna","severity":"caution","text":"The source is fragmentary here: the edition marks a break or an editorial bracket, and the English carries across it. Treat the bridge as supplied, not translated."}]},{"i":2,"ref":"p2","source":"იბ. ფილოთეოზ მოწამისაჲ და მოყუასთა მისთაჲ. და სტეფანე მამა/სახლისისაჲ.\n\nიგ. მსგეფსი განცხადებისაჲ და მამათა სინელთაჲ და რაითელთაჲ.\n\nიდ. სტეფანე წმიდისაჲ: და ნინოჲსი: და ერმოლოს [და] სტრატონიკე მოწამისაჲ.\n\nიე. ჴსენებაჲ ბაბილაჲსი ანტიოქელ პატრიარქისაჲ და სამთა ყრმათა მისთაჲ: და არჩილისი ქართველისა მოწამისაჲ:\n\nივ. ქუზიბას ღმრთისმშობელისაჲ. ოდეს ახარა ანგელოზმან იოვაკიმს ქუზიბას შობისათსჳს ღმრთისმშობელისა მარიამისა: და სისინისი და მის თანა მოწამეთაჲ.\n\nიზ. წმიდისა ანტონისი\n\nიჱ. ქუზიბას ღმრთისმშობელისა მონასტერსა სატფური: და ალექსანდრე მთავარეპისკოპოსისაჲ ალექსანდრიელისაჲ და ათანასჱსი: და კჳრილჱსი: და ამბა პავლე განშორებულისაჲ რომელი უწინარჱს ანტონისა განვიდა უდაბნოდ:\n\nით. თევდოსი დიდისა მეფისაჲ; და თევდოტე ხუცისჲ და ამბა ანტონისი. რომელსა ერქუა რავახ. მოწამისაჲ.","english":"12. Of Philotheos the Martyr and his companions. And of Stephen of the Monastery of the Father.\n\n13. Of the Epiphany of the Lord and of the Fathers of Sinai and of Raitha.\n\n14. Of Stephen the Saint; and of Nino; and of Hermolas and Stratonike the Martyrs.\n\n15. Commemoration of Babylas, Patriarch of Antioch, and of his three children; and of Archil the Georgian Martyr.\n\n16. Of the Mother of God of Kouziba, when the angel announced to Joachim concerning the birth of the Mother of God Mary at Kouziba; and of Sisinnios and the martyrs with him.\n\n17. Of Saint Anthony.\n\n18. Of the Monastery of the Mother of God of Kouziba, the Saṭḥūrī; and of Alexander, the Archbishop of Alexandria, and of Athanasius, and of Cyril; and of Abba Paul the Recluse, who before Anthony went into the desert.\n\n19. Of Theodosios the Great King; and of Theodotos the Priest; and of Abba Anthony, who was called Ravakh, the Martyr.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ჴსენებაჲ","severity":"info","text":"The Old Georgian term 'ჴსენებაჲ' (xsenevay) means 'commemoration' or 'remembrance', a standard liturgical designation for a saint's feast day.","cites":[{"key":"ed:iozos","label":"source edition: Ioane Zosime's Calendar","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcg/cauc/ageo/liturg/iozoscal/iozos.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"background","lemma":"Philotheos the Martyr","severity":"info","text":"Philotheos the Martyr and his companions are otherwise unknown; this entry likely reflects a local or lost hagiographic tradition preserved in the Georgian calendar.","cites":[{"key":"ed:iozos","label":"source edition: Ioane Zosime's Calendar","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcg/cauc/ageo/liturg/iozoscal/iozos.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"background","lemma":"Fathers of Sinai and of Raitha","severity":"info","text":"The commemoration of the Fathers of Sinai and Raitha on January 13 recalls the monastic communities of the Sinai peninsula and the Raithu desert, venerated in Eastern Christian tradition.","cites":[{"key":"ed:iozos","label":"source edition: Ioane Zosime's Calendar","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcg/cauc/ageo/liturg/iozoscal/iozos.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"სატფური","severity":"info","text":"The term 'სატფური' (saṭḥūrī) is a Georgian transliteration of the Arabic 'al-Saṭḥūr', referring to a specific monastery or monastic cell associated with the Mother of God of Kouziba.","cites":[{"key":"ed:iozos","label":"source edition: Ioane Zosime's Calendar","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcg/cauc/ageo/liturg/iozoscal/iozos.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"dating","kind":"chronology","basis":"text","lemma":"January 18","severity":"info","text":"The entry for January 18 includes Abba Paul the Recluse, who is said to have gone into the desert before Anthony, reflecting a chronological tradition that Paul of Thebes preceded Anthony as a hermit.","cites":[{"key":"ed:iozos","label":"source edition: Ioane Zosime's Calendar","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcg/cauc/ageo/liturg/iozoscal/iozos.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"Theodosios the Great King","severity":"caution","text":"The designation 'Theodosios the Great King' is ambiguous; it may refer to Emperor Theodosius I or Theodosius II, but the title 'king' (მეფისაჲ) is unusual for a Byzantine emperor in Georgian liturgical texts.","cites":[{"key":"ed:iozos","label":"source edition: Ioane Zosime's Calendar","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcg/cauc/ageo/liturg/iozoscal/iozos.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of Philotheos the Martyr and his companions is uncertain; they are not attested in standard hagiographies.","The phrase 'Theodosios the Great King' could refer to either Theodosius I or Theodosius II, but the Georgian term 'მეფისაჲ' (king) is atypical for imperial titles.","The location 'Saṭḥūrī' is not precisely identified; it may be a specific monastery or cell within the Kouziba tradition."],"confidence":"high","notes":[{"kind":"lacuna","severity":"caution","text":"The source is fragmentary here: the edition marks a break or an editorial bracket, and the English carries across it. Treat the bridge as supplied, not translated."}]},{"i":3,"ref":"p3","source":"კ. საკჳრველთმოქმედისა ღმერთშემოსილისა წმიდისა მამისა ჩუენისა ევთჳმისი.\n\nკა. პეტრეწმიდას სატფური: და ტიმოთე მოციქულისაჲ და მაკარისი: და ამბა მაქსიმოს აღმსარებელისაჲ:\n\nკბ. ჴსენებაჲ ყოველთა წმიდათაჲ რომელნი მოდღესადმდე მარტჳლებულ არიან: და ტიმოთე მოციქულისაჲვე.\n\nკგ. კლემენტოზ ანკჳრიელ ეპისკოპოსისაჲ: და აგათონისი და იუდა მო/ციქულისაჲ:\n\nკდ. ანასტასიაწმიდას კლემენტოზ მამათმთავრისა დიდ[ი]ს ჰრომისაჲ და ბიკენტისი: და კჳრიაკოზ აღმსარებელისა საბაწმიდელისა და ყოველთა საბაწმიდას გარდაცვალებულთა მამათა სახელებისა ჴსენებაჲ.\n\nკე. გრიგოლ ეპისკოპოსისაჲ ნანძიანძელისაჲ ღმრთივგამომეტყუელისაჲ.\n\nკვ. იოვანე ოქროპირისაჲ ნაწილთა მოხუმაჲ კოკოსონით კონსტანტინეპოლის და თევდორეჲ მთავარეპისკოპოსისაჲ და ვალენტი მეფისაჲ და პოლოგარპე მოწამისაჲ და ქსენ[ოფონისაჲ].","english":"20. Of our holy father Euthymios the Wonderworker and God-clad.\n\n21. Of Saint Peter the Athonite; and of Timothy the Apostle and Makarios; and of Abba Maximos the Confessor.\n\n22. Commemoration of all the saints who have been martyred up to this day; and also of Timothy the Apostle.\n\n23. Of Clement, Bishop of Ancyra; and of Agathon and of Jude the Apostle.\n\n24. Of Saint Anastasia; of Clement, Pope of Great Rome, and of Bikentios; and of Kyriakos the Confessor of the Lavra of Saint Sabas, and commemoration of the names of all the departed fathers of the Lavra of Saint Sabas.\n\n25. Of Gregory the Theologian, Bishop of Nazianzus.\n\n26. Of John Chrysostom, the translation of his relics from Kokoson to Constantinople; and of Theodore the Archbishop; and of King Valens; and of the martyr Polycarp; and of Xenophon.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"კ. – კვ.","severity":"info","text":"The passage continues the numbered sequence of commemorations from the previous passage, with entries 20–26. The Georgian numerals (კ = 20, კა = 21, etc.) follow the liturgical calendar format.","cites":[{"key":"ed:iozos","label":"source edition: Ioane Zosime's Calendar","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcg/cauc/ageo/liturg/iozoscal/iozos.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"საკჳრველთმოქმედისა ღმერთშემოსილისა","severity":"info","text":"These epithets for Euthymios (20) mean 'wonderworker' and 'God-clad' (θεοφόρος), common in hagiography for ascetics credited with miracles and divine grace.","cites":[{"key":"ed:iozos","label":"source edition: Ioane Zosime's Calendar","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcg/cauc/ageo/liturg/iozoscal/iozos.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ნაწილთა მოხუმაჲ","severity":"info","text":"Entry 26 commemorates the translation of John Chrysostom's relics from Kokoson (Comana) to Constantinople in 438, a major event in Byzantine liturgical memory.","cites":[{"key":"ed:iozos","label":"source edition: Ioane Zosime's Calendar","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcg/cauc/ageo/liturg/iozoscal/iozos.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"ყოველთა წმიდათაჲ რომელნი მოდღესადმდე მარტჳლებულ არიან","severity":"info","text":"Entry 22 is a collective commemoration of all martyrs up to that day, a common liturgical device in Eastern calendars to cover unnamed saints.","cites":[{"key":"ed:iozos","label":"source edition: Ioane Zosime's Calendar","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcg/cauc/ageo/liturg/iozoscal/iozos.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"კვ.","severity":"caution","text":"Entry 26 lists multiple figures (John Chrysostom, Theodore, Valens, Polycarp, Xenophon) without clear grouping; the syntax may reflect a composite entry or textual corruption.","cites":[{"key":"ed:iozos","label":"source edition: Ioane Zosime's Calendar","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcg/cauc/ageo/liturg/iozoscal/iozos.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The relationship between the figures in entry 26 (John Chrysostom, Theodore, Valens, Polycarp, Xenophon) is unclear; they may be separate commemorations or a conflated list.","Entry 24's 'Bikentios' is likely a Georgian form of Vincent, but the identification is uncertain."],"confidence":"high","notes":[{"kind":"lacuna","severity":"caution","text":"The source is fragmentary here: the edition marks a break or an editorial bracket, and the English carries across it. Treat the bridge as supplied, not translated."}]},{"i":4,"ref":"p4","source":"კზ. იოვანე ოქროპირისა მთავარეპისკოპოსისაჲ კონსტანტინეპოლელისაჲ და ელია პატრიარქისაჲ იერუსალჱმელისაჲ.\n\nკჱ. წმიდისა ეფრემისი და ჴსენება[ჲ] ყოველთა წმიდათა მამათაჲ მეუდაბნოეთაჲ: და პეტრე მთავარეპისკოპოსისაჲ დამასკელისაჲ.\n\nკთ. ჯუარისაჲ რომელი ეჩუენა ზეცით კონსტანტინე მეფესა დანობსა ზედა: და იგნატისი და ოქროპირისაჲვე: და იოვანე მამასახლისისაჲ.\n\nლ. იგნანტი მთავარეპისკოპოსისაჲ ანტიოქელისაჲვე აბრაჰამ ეპისკოპოსისაჲ კრეტელისაჲ და ოპილიტჱსი.\n\nლა. ზაქარია მთავარეპისკოპოსისაჲ იერუსალჱმელისაჲ რომელიმწარიტყუენა ხუასრო მეფისაგან სპარსეთა[დ] და მუნ აღესრულა: და ამბა კჳროს მონაზონისაჲ: და იოვანჱსი მოწაფისა მისისაჲ. მოწამეთაჲ.","english":"27. Of John Chrysostom, Archbishop of Constantinople, and of Elias, Patriarch of Jerusalem.\n\n28. Of Saint Ephrem, and commemoration of all the holy fathers of the desert; and of Peter, Archbishop of Damascus.\n\n29. Of the Cross which appeared in the sky to King Constantine; and of Ignatius, and again of Chrysostom; and of John the Mamassakhlisi.\n\n30. Of Ignatius, Archbishop of Antioch; of Abraham, Bishop of Crete; and of Opilites.\n\n31. Of Zacharias, Archbishop of Jerusalem, who was stoned to death by King Khusro of Persia and there died; and of Abba Kyros the monk; and of John, his disciple. Of the martyrs.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"იოვანე ოქროპირისა","severity":"info","text":"John Chrysostom, Archbishop of Constantinople, is a standard figure in Georgian calendars; his feast is common in Byzantine tradition.","cites":[{"key":"ed:iozos","label":"source edition: Ioane Zosime's Calendar","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcg/cauc/ageo/liturg/iozoscal/iozos.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ჴსენება[ჲ] ყოველთა წმიდათა მამათაჲ მეუდაბნოეთაჲ","severity":"info","text":"The commemoration of all holy desert fathers reflects the monastic emphasis of the Palestinian-Georgian liturgical tradition, common in the Lavra of Mar Saba.","cites":[{"key":"ed:iozos","label":"source edition: Ioane Zosime's Calendar","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcg/cauc/ageo/liturg/iozoscal/iozos.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ჯუარისაჲ რომელი ეჩუენა ზეცით კონსტანტინე მეფესა","severity":"info","text":"The cross appearing to Constantine recalls the vision before the Battle of the Milvian Bridge (312 CE), a foundational legend in Christian imperial history.","cites":[{"key":"ed:iozos","label":"source edition: Ioane Zosime's Calendar","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcg/cauc/ageo/liturg/iozoscal/iozos.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"იოვანე მამასახლისისაჲ","severity":"info","text":"John the Mamassakhlisi: 'Mamassakhlisi' is a Georgian title meaning 'head of the household' or 'father of the house,' possibly a monastic leader or local saint.","cites":[{"key":"ed:iozos","label":"source edition: Ioane Zosime's Calendar","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcg/cauc/ageo/liturg/iozoscal/iozos.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ზაქარია ... რომელიმწარიტყუენა ხუასრო მეფისაგან","severity":"info","text":"Zacharias, Archbishop of Jerusalem, was martyred by the Sasanian king Khusro II during the Persian invasion of 614 CE, a key event in the Christian history of Jerusalem.","cites":[{"key":"ed:iozos","label":"source edition: Ioane Zosime's Calendar","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcg/cauc/ageo/liturg/iozoscal/iozos.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"მოწამეთაჲ","severity":"info","text":"The final entry 'Of the martyrs' is a collective commemoration, typical of calendar entries that group saints not individually named.","cites":[{"key":"ed:iozos","label":"source edition: Ioane Zosime's Calendar","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcg/cauc/ageo/liturg/iozoscal/iozos.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of 'Opilites' (ოპილიტჱსი) in entry 30 is uncertain; it may be a personal name or a toponym. The reading follows the English draft as a name.","The phrase 'and again of Chrysostom' in entry 29 may indicate a second commemoration or a scribal repetition; the text is ambiguous."],"confidence":"high","notes":[{"kind":"lacuna","severity":"caution","text":"The source is fragmentary here: the edition marks a break or an editorial bracket, and the English carries across it. Treat the bridge as supplied, not translated."}]}]}