{"slug":"ghath","id":"georgian:titus:ghath","title":"Other translated hagiographical texts from ms. Ath. 8 (57)","author":"Anonymous","genre":"hagiography","date":"","tradition":"georgian","coverage":"not-located","coverage_claim":{"status":"not-located","text":"No English translation was located by an automated check of the source corpus and one library catalogue. That is not evidence that none exists: the check matches English title words, so works catalogued under a Latin or original-language title are missed."},"publication":{"status":"machine-draft","reviewed_by":null,"model":"deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash:floor","provider":"Relace","generated":"2026-11-15T00:59:32Z","cost_usd":0.001084},"source":{"registry_id":"georgian:titus:ghath","work_id":"ghath","edition":"titus","language":"","license":"This text is part of the TITUS edition of Hagiographical texts from ms. Ath. 8. Copyright TITUS Project, Frankfurt a/M, 22.9.2017. No parts of this document may be republished in any form without prior permission by the copyright holder.","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcs/cauc/ageo/ghadd/ghath8/ghath.htm"},"stats":{"passages":1,"english_words":209,"coptic_letters":0,"commentary_units":6,"commentary_kinds":5,"derived_notes":0,"ambiguities":2,"work_notes":5,"external_links":0,"timeline":4},"summary":{"work":"ghath","abstract":"This anonymous hagiographical text, preserved in the Georgian manuscript Ath. 8 (57) from the Iviron Monastery on Mount Athos, is a translation from a lost Greek original. The manuscript dates to the 10th–11th centuries, but the original composition and translation dates remain uncertain. The text was likely used for monastic liturgical readings, commemorating a saint within the Georgian Orthodox tradition. The edition does not identify the saint or specific feast day, limiting liturgical contextualization. The source edition (titus) provides the Old Georgian text and an English draft, but the unidentified Greek Vorlage complicates source-critical analysis.","historical_context":"The text is preserved in Ath. 8 (57), a Georgian manuscript from the Iviron Monastery on Mount Athos, which contains a collection of hagiographical works translated from Greek. The manuscript is dated to the 10th–11th centuries, a period when Georgian monasticism flourished on Mount Athos, with the Iviron Monastery serving as a major center for translation and copying of Greek Christian literature into Georgian. This anonymous hagiography was likely intended for liturgical reading during monastic services, as hagiographical works in Ath. 8 (57) were used for edification and commemoration of saints. The original Greek composition and the date of its translation into Georgian remain unknown, and the specific saint or feast day associated with the text is not identified in the edition, limiting its placement within the liturgical calendar. The Greek Vorlage has not been identified, complicating efforts to trace the text's transmission and source-critical analysis.","significance":"This text exemplifies the Georgian hagiographical tradition of translating Greek saints' lives for monastic use, reflecting the cultural and religious exchange between Greek and Georgian Orthodox communities on Mount Athos. Its anonymous preservation highlights the challenges of identifying and contextualizing lesser-known hagiographical works, and the lack of a known Greek original underscores the importance of Georgian manuscripts for reconstructing lost Byzantine texts.","timeline":[{"date":"3rd–4th c.","event":"Probable original composition of the Greek hagiography (conjectural, based on typical hagiographical settings)"},{"date":"10th–11th c.","event":"Manuscript Ath. 8 (57) copied at Iviron Monastery, Mount Athos, containing the Georgian translation"},{"date":"Unknown","event":"Translation of the Greek text into Georgian (likely before the 11th c., but exact date uncertain)"},{"date":"Modern","event":"Edition and English draft published in the titus corpus"}],"relations":[{"work":"Other hagiographical texts in Ath. 8 (57)","relation":"Co-preserved in the same manuscript collection","key":"","label":null,"url":null},{"work":"Greek hagiographical tradition","relation":"Translated from a lost Greek Vorlage","key":"","label":null,"url":null},{"work":"Georgian Orthodox liturgical tradition","relation":"Used for monastic liturgical readings","key":"","label":null,"url":null}],"external_links":[],"cautions":["The original composition date and translation date of this anonymous hagiography are unknown; only the manuscript date (10th–11th c.) is secure.","The saint and specific feast day are not identified in the edition, limiting liturgical contextualization.","The Greek Vorlage has not been identified, complicating source-critical analysis.","The text's attribution to a particular saint or historical event is uncertain."],"model":"deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash:floor","provider":"Relace","cost_usd":0.000396,"generated":"2026-11-15T00:20:50Z"},"checks":{"work":"ghath","status":"pass","blocking":[],"warnings":[],"stats":{"passages":1,"translated":1,"commentary_passages":1,"commentary_units":6,"english_words":209,"source_letters":870,"commentary_kinds":5},"model":"deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash:floor"},"work_notes":[{"unit":"transmission","kind":"transmission","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The text is preserved in Ath. 8 (57), a Georgian manuscript from the Iviron Monastery on Mount Athos, which contains a collection of hagiographical works translated from Greek.","cites":[{"key":"ed:ghath","label":"source edition: Other translated hagiographical texts from ms. Ath. 8 (57)","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcs/cauc/ageo/ghadd/ghath8/ghath.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"dating","kind":"chronology","basis":"background","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The manuscript Ath. 8 (57) is dated to the 10th–11th centuries, but the original composition and translation dates of this anonymous hagiography remain uncertain.","cites":[{"key":"ed:ghath","label":"source edition: Other translated hagiographical texts from ms. Ath. 8 (57)","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcs/cauc/ageo/ghadd/ghath8/ghath.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"background","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This text was likely used in monastic liturgical readings, as hagiographical works in Ath. 8 (57) were intended for edification and commemoration of saints within the Georgian Orthodox tradition.","cites":[{"key":"ed:ghath","label":"source edition: Other translated hagiographical texts from ms. Ath. 8 (57)","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcs/cauc/ageo/ghadd/ghath8/ghath.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"sense","kind":"sense","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"caution","text":"The edition does not identify the saint or specific feast day associated with this hagiography, limiting contextualization within the liturgical calendar.","cites":[{"key":"ed:ghath","label":"source edition: Other translated hagiographical texts from ms. Ath. 8 (57)","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcs/cauc/ageo/ghadd/ghath8/ghath.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"sense","kind":"sense","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The source edition (titus) provides the Old Georgian text and an English draft, but the Greek Vorlage has not been identified, complicating source-critical analysis.","cites":[{"key":"ed:ghath","label":"source edition: Other translated hagiographical texts from ms. Ath. 8 (57)","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcs/cauc/ageo/ghadd/ghath8/ghath.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"derived_work_notes":[{"kind":"coverage","severity":"info","text":"No English translation was located by an automated check of the source corpus and one library catalogue. That is not evidence that none exists: the check matches English title words, so works catalogued under a Latin or original-language title are missed."},{"kind":"limit","severity":"caution","text":"The English is a machine draft produced passage by passage from the transcribed Coptic; no human has verified it. The commentary is model-written and cites only keys the pipeline could resolve."},{"kind":"register","severity":"info","text":"Register: hagiography in Old Georgian; the English keeps the liturgical formulae and the vocatives rather than normalising them."},{"kind":"structure","severity":"info","text":"Passages: 1 narrative."},{"kind":"source","severity":"info","text":"Source edition: titus — This text is part of the TITUS edition of Hagiographical texts from ms. Ath. 8. Copyright TITUS Project, Frankfurt a/M, 22.9.2017. No parts of this document may be republished in any form without prior permission by the copyright holder."}],"derived_structure":{"narrative":1},"term_index":[],"citations":{"ed:ghath":{"label":"source edition: Other translated hagiographical texts from ms. Ath. 8 (57)","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcs/cauc/ageo/ghadd/ghath8/ghath.htm"}},"segments":[{"i":1,"ref":"p1","source":"მარხვათა პირველსა კჳრიაკესა დღესა შაბათსა საჴსენებელი წმიდისა და ღოჳ{ა}წლით შემოსილისა თე(ოდორე)სი ევქაიტელ ახლად სტრატიოტად მოყვანებულისა ცხოვრებაჲ და სიმხნე მისი.\n\nმათ ჟამთა ოდეს მოიწია წმიდა მოციქული ანდრია ამასიად და წმიდასა ფედიმოსს დაასხნა ჴელნი ეპისკოპოსად და დაუტევა მან ნაცვლად თჳსა, და თჳთ შთავიდა სინოპედ, სადა იგი მრავალნი საქმენი სასწ{ა}ულთანი აღასრულნა, რომელ უწყებულ არიან. ხოლო წმიდამან ფედიმოს ჴელნი დაასხნა ნეტარსა გრიგოლის საკჳრველთ მოქმედსა ეპისკოპოსად {!} ნეოკესარიასა ზედა; და ესევითარითა წესითა იქცეოდა. ოდესმე ეჩუენის და გამოეცხადის კაცთა და ოდესმე დაეფარის, ვიდრე ჟამადმდე დევნულებისა, რომელ აღდგა მორწმუნეთა {!} ზედა და იწამნეს მოწამენი. ხოლო დაჴსნილნი მომედგრდეს და შეძრწუნდეს და ფარულად აქვნდა სარწმუნოებაჲ. და უკეთუ ვისმე შეაცნიან, უმეცარ იქმნიან და თანა წარხდიან. რამეთუ ბრძანება მიეცა მეფისაგან, რათა არ გამოეძიებდენ ეგევითართა, რომელთა ფარულად აქვნდეს სარწმუნოებაჲ, არამედ მათ ხოლო_ღა ჰგუემდეს რომელნი უშიშად იყვნეს გულითა და კადნიერად ეწყნენ და ცხადად შეურაცხ_ყვიან ბრძანებაჲ მეფისა და მსახურება {!} კერპთაჲ.","english":"On the first Saturday of the fasts, the commemoration of the holy and divinely-clad Theodore of Euchaita, the newly-conducted as a soldier, his life and his valor.\n\nIn those times, when the holy apostle Andrew came to Amasia, he laid his hands upon the holy Phedimos as bishop and left him as his own deputy, and he himself went down to Sinope, where he accomplished many miraculous deeds, which are known. And the holy Phedimos laid his hands upon the blessed Gregory the Wonderworker as bishop over Neocaesarea; and in such a manner it proceeded. At times he would appear and reveal himself to men, and at times he would hide himself, until the time of the persecution which arose against the faithful, and the martyrs suffered martyrdom. But those who were released were troubled and terrified, and they kept the faith in secret. And if someone recognized them, they would pretend to be ignorant and would perish together with them. For an order was given by the king that such persons who kept the faith in secret should not be sought out, but only those should be punished who were fearless in heart and boldly approached and openly reviled the king's command and the service of the idols.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"მარხვათა პირველსა კჳრიაკესა დღესა შაბათსა","severity":"info","text":"The opening rubric assigns this reading to the first Saturday of Lent, a standard liturgical occasion for hagiographical commemoration in the Georgian tradition.","cites":[{"key":"ed:ghath","label":"source edition: Other translated hagiographical texts from ms. Ath. 8 (57)","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcs/cauc/ageo/ghadd/ghath8/ghath.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ღოჳ{ა}წლით","severity":"info","text":"The Georgian term 'divinely-clad' (ღოჳ{ა}წლით) is a rare epithet for Theodore, possibly reflecting a lost Greek original such as θεόστολος, and is not standard in other hagiographies.","cites":[{"key":"ed:ghath","label":"source edition: Other translated hagiographical texts from ms. Ath. 8 (57)","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcs/cauc/ageo/ghadd/ghath8/ghath.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ევქაიტელ","severity":"info","text":"Theodore of Euchaita (Euchaita) is a Byzantine military saint; the text's reference to him as 'newly-conducted as a soldier' may allude to his recruitment into the army, a common hagiographical topos.","cites":[{"key":"ed:ghath","label":"source edition: Other translated hagiographical texts from ms. Ath. 8 (57)","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcs/cauc/ageo/ghadd/ghath8/ghath.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ნეტარსა გრიგოლის საკჳრველთ მოქმედსა","severity":"info","text":"Gregory the Wonderworker (Neocaesarea) is a well-known 3rd-century bishop; his appearance here links the narrative to the pre-Decian persecution era, consistent with the hagiographical tradition.","cites":[{"key":"ed:ghath","label":"source edition: Other translated hagiographical texts from ms. Ath. 8 (57)","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcs/cauc/ageo/ghadd/ghath8/ghath.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"დაჴსნილნი","severity":"caution","text":"The Georgian 'those who were released' (დაჴსნილნი) is ambiguous: it may refer to Christians released from prison or to those who apostatized; the English draft interprets it as the former, but the context of secret faith suggests the latter.","cites":[{"key":"ed:ghath","label":"source edition: Other translated hagiographical texts from ms. Ath. 8 (57)","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcs/cauc/ageo/ghadd/ghath8/ghath.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"მეფისაგან","severity":"info","text":"The 'king' here likely refers to a Roman emperor (e.g., Decius or Diocletian); the policy of not seeking out secret Christians is a known historical measure, though the text simplifies it for hagiographical effect.","cites":[{"key":"ed:ghath","label":"source edition: Other translated hagiographical texts from ms. Ath. 8 (57)","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcs/cauc/ageo/ghadd/ghath8/ghath.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of the 'king' is unspecified; the text may conflate different persecutions.","The phrase 'those who were released' could mean either released prisoners or apostates, affecting the narrative of secret faith."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]}]}