{"slug":"budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","id":"coptic:coptic-ocr:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","title":"PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","author":"Anonymous","genre":"homily","date":"","tradition":"coptic","coverage":"unknown","publication":{"status":"machine-draft","reviewed_by":null,"model":"deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash:floor","provider":"Relace","generated":"2026-11-14T04:23:18Z","cost_usd":0.058483},"source":{"registry_id":"coptic:coptic-ocr:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","work_id":"budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","edition":"coptic-ocr","license":"GNU GPL-3.0","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"},"stats":{"passages":85,"english_words":15574,"coptic_letters":45632,"commentary_units":476,"commentary_kinds":9,"derived_notes":58,"ambiguities":175,"work_notes":4,"external_links":1,"timeline":3},"summary":{"work":"budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","abstract":"The PseudoTheodore Encomium on Theodore of Antioch is a Coptic homily that praises the saint as a warrior and victor, recounting his birth, military career, and martyrdom on 28 Tobe. Attributed pseudepigraphically to Theodore of Antioch, the text survives only in Coptic manuscripts and was first edited by E.A. Wallis Budge in 1915. It employs a high rhetorical register with biblical allusions, contrasting earthly Antioch with the heavenly Jerusalem. The encomium also mentions Apa Kaios and briefly Apa Claudius, reflecting its liturgical use in the Coptic Orthodox tradition. Its exact date is uncertain, but it likely originates from the early medieval period (6th–8th century).","historical_context":"The encomium is rooted in the Coptic Orthodox tradition, likely composed between the 6th and 8th centuries in Egypt, where Coptic was the liturgical language. It belongs to the genre of hagiographical homilies celebrating saints and martyrs, common in post-Chalcedonian Egyptian Christianity. The text's pseudepigraphical attribution to Theodore of Antioch (a historical figure, bishop of Antioch in the 4th century) reflects a common practice of ascribing authority to earlier church fathers. The work survives only in Coptic manuscripts, indicating transmission through monastic scriptoria. It references Diocletian's persecution, situating Theodore's martyrdom in the early 4th century, but the homily's composition is later. The mention of Apa Kaios and Apa Claudius links it to a broader hagiographical network. Budge's 1915 edition made it accessible to modern scholarship, but the original manuscript context is lost.","significance":"This encomium is significant as a witness to Coptic hagiographical literature and the cult of Theodore of Antioch in Egypt. It illustrates how local saints were integrated into liturgical cycles and how biblical typology (e.g., heavenly Jerusalem) shaped martyr narratives. The text also provides insight into the rhetorical strategies of Coptic homilies and the pseudepigraphical attribution practices of the period.","timeline":[{"date":"4th c.","event":"Theodore of Antioch (historical figure) active as bishop and possibly martyred under Diocletian."},{"date":"6th–8th c.","event":"Composition of the PseudoTheodore Encomium in Coptic, likely in Egypt."},{"date":"1915","event":"First edition and English translation by E.A. Wallis Budge in Miscellaneous Coptic Texts."}],"relations":[{"work":"Miscellaneous Coptic Texts","relation":"First edition and translation of the encomium","key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"},{"work":"Theodore of Antioch","relation":"Subject of the encomium; historical bishop and martyr","key":"wikipedia:Theodore of Antioch","label":null,"url":null},{"work":"Coptic hagiography","relation":"Genre and tradition to which the encomium belongs","key":"","label":null,"url":null}],"external_links":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"Budge's edition of the encomium","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt","reason":"Primary source for the text"}],"cautions":["The exact date of composition is unknown; estimates range from the 6th to 8th century.","The attribution to Theodore of Antioch is pseudepigraphical; the actual author is unknown.","The text survives only in Coptic manuscripts, with no known Greek or Syriac versions.","The historical reliability for Theodore's life is limited due to the hagiographical genre."],"model":"deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash:floor","provider":"Relace","cost_usd":0.000415,"generated":"2026-11-14T03:32:58Z"},"checks":{"work":"budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","status":"pass","blocking":[],"warnings":[],"stats":{"passages":85,"translated":85,"commentary_passages":85,"commentary_units":476,"english_words":15574,"coptic_letters":45632,"commentary_kinds":9},"model":"deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash:floor"},"work_notes":[{"unit":"transmission","kind":"transmission","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The sole surviving Coptic manuscript of this encomium is incomplete, lacking both beginning and end. The text as edited by Budge likely represents a single witness from a later medieval copy.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"dating","kind":"chronology","basis":"background","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"Attributed to Pseudo-Theodore, the work cannot be earlier than the 6th century and may date as late as the 9th. No external evidence confirms the traditional ascription to Theodore of Antioch.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"background","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The encomium was read in Coptic liturgical contexts for the feast of Theodore of Antioch, though its use is not attested in surviving Coptic lectionaries before the 13th century.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"sense","kind":"sense","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"caution","text":"The OCR-based edition contains uncorrected errors in Coptic word division and diacritics. Readers should consult the original manuscript facsimile for precise readings of proper names and biblical citations.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"derived_work_notes":[{"kind":"limit","severity":"caution","text":"The English is a machine draft produced passage by passage from the transcribed Coptic; no human has verified it. The commentary is model-written and cites only keys the pipeline could resolve."},{"kind":"register","severity":"info","text":"Register: homily in Sahidic Coptic; the English keeps the liturgical formulae and the vocatives rather than normalising them."},{"kind":"structure","severity":"info","text":"Passages: 75 narrative, 7 dialogue, 2 doxology, 1 address to the congregation."},{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","text":"24 glossary term(s) recorded at first occurrence from a curated list of 53; the term index below gives the rendering and the count."},{"kind":"caution","severity":"caution","text":"11 passage(s) are fragmentary in the source; the English bridges each break and says so in the note."},{"kind":"source","severity":"info","text":"Source edition: coptic-ocr — GNU GPL-3.0"}],"derived_structure":{"narrative":75,"dialogue":7,"address":1,"doxology":2},"term_index":[{"coptic":"ⲁⲡⲁ","english":"Apa","count":70,"first_passage":1,"note":"A title of a monastic father. Left as 'Apa' because it is a form of address, and 'father' would collide with the biological sense in the same sentence."},{"coptic":"ⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ","english":"archbishop","count":58,"first_passage":1,"note":"In the Coptic tradition the title of the patriarch of Alexandria; 'archbishop' is the neutral rendering."},{"coptic":"ⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ","english":"holy","count":55,"first_passage":1,"note":"Adjectivally 'holy'; with the article as a noun it names a saint, and in the plural the saints as a body."},{"coptic":"ϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ","english":"Lord","count":32,"first_passage":2,"note":"Renders Yahweh in the Sahidic Bible and names Christ in homilies; 'master' is the everyday social sense and the right one in a parable about slaves."},{"coptic":"ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ","english":"God","count":27,"first_passage":1,"note":"Sahidic ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ is the ordinary word for 'god'. With the definite article (ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ) in Christian texts it names God; without it, a god or the divine."},{"coptic":"ⲧⲡⲉ","english":"heaven","count":14,"first_passage":2,"note":"The abode of God in these texts; 'sky' only in strictly cosmological passages, which are rare here."},{"coptic":"ⲇⲓⲁⲃⲟⲗⲟⲥ","english":"devil","count":13,"first_passage":56,"note":"Greek διάβολος; the personified adversary in hagiography. 'Slanderer' is the etymological sense and is not used in this corpus."},{"coptic":"ⲥⲱⲙⲁ","english":"body","count":11,"first_passage":5,"note":"In martyrdom accounts ⲥⲱⲙⲁ after death is the corpse; in ascetic literature it is the body as the site of struggle."},{"coptic":"ⲉⲕⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ","english":"church","count":8,"first_passage":8,"note":"The building, the congregation, and the institution all take this word; the context decides, and 'assembly' is rare outside citations of Acts."},{"coptic":"ⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ","english":"angel","count":8,"first_passage":21,"note":"Greek ἄγγελος; 'messenger' only where a human envoy is meant (rare in this corpus)."},{"coptic":"ⲁⲣⲭⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ","english":"archangel","count":7,"first_passage":19,"note":"Michael, Gabriel, Raphael, Suriel; the rank is fixed in Coptic liturgical usage."},{"coptic":"ⲁⲙⲏⲛ","english":"amen","count":5,"first_passage":1,"note":"Transliterated Hebrew, left untranslated in the liturgy and in the doxologies that close a homily."},{"coptic":"ⲉⲓⲣⲏⲛⲏ","english":"peace","count":4,"first_passage":1,"note":"Greek εἰρήνη. ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲉⲓⲣⲏⲛⲏ in a colophon is the liturgical formula 'in peace', not a comment on civil order."},{"coptic":"ϩⲙⲟⲧ","english":"grace","count":4,"first_passage":24,"note":"The unearned favour of God; 'favour' where a human patron is meant."},{"coptic":"ϣⲗⲏⲗ","english":"pray","count":3,"first_passage":14,"note":""},{"coptic":"ⲡⲓⲥⲧⲓⲥ","english":"faith","count":3,"first_passage":55,"note":"Greek πίστις; 'faithfulness' where the sense is reliability rather than assent."},{"coptic":"ⲗⲁⲟⲥ","english":"people","count":2,"first_passage":17,"note":"Greek λαός. In liturgical description it is the congregation as distinct from the clergy, i.e. the laity."},{"coptic":"ⲁⲡⲟⲥⲧⲟⲗⲟⲥ","english":"apostle","count":2,"first_passage":20,"note":""},{"coptic":"ⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩⲣⲟⲥ","english":"martyr","count":1,"first_passage":1,"note":"Greek μάρτυς. 'Witness' is the older forensic sense and survives in the paschal and apologetic register; the hagiographical sense is 'martyr'."},{"coptic":"ⲣⲣⲟ","english":"king","count":1,"first_passage":11,"note":"The native Coptic word; ⲃⲁⲥⲓⲗⲉⲩⲥ is the Greek loan and tends to be the title of a foreign or biblical king."},{"coptic":"ⲥⲙⲟⲩ","english":"bless","count":1,"first_passage":14,"note":"The Coptic verb covers both 'bless' and 'praise'; the object decides — God is praised, a person is blessed."},{"coptic":"ⲉⲑⲛⲟⲥ","english":"nation","count":1,"first_passage":24,"note":"Greek ἔθνος. In the plural, the Gentiles as a category over against Israel; in the singular, a nation like any other."},{"coptic":"ⲡⲣⲉⲥⲃⲩⲧⲉⲣⲟⲥ","english":"presbyter","count":1,"first_passage":43,"note":"Greek πρεσβύτερος. 'Presbyter' where the clerical order is at issue; 'elder' where the sense is seniority."},{"coptic":"ⲁⲅⲁⲡⲏ","english":"love","count":1,"first_passage":70,"note":"Greek ἀγάπη. The liturgical meal sense ('agape') is technical and should not be flattened to 'love'."}],"citations":{"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch":{"label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}},"segments":[{"i":1,"ref":"p1","source":"ⲞⲨⲚ̄ⲔⲰⲘⲒⲞⲚ Ⲉ ⲀϤⲦⲀⲞⲨⲞϤ Ⲛ̄ϬⲒ ⲠϨⲀⲄⲒⲞⲤ ⲀⲠⲀ ⲐⲈⲞⲆⲰⲢⲞⲤ • ⲠⲀⲢⲬⲎⲈⲠⲒⲤⲔⲞⲠⲞⲤ Ⲛ̄ ⲦⲀⲚⲦⲒⲞ̄ⲬⲒⲀ • Ⲉ ⲀϤⲦⲀⲞⲨⲞϤ Ⲉ\nⲠⲠⲈⲦ ⲞⲨⲀⲀⲂ Ⲛ̄ ϪⲰⲰⲢⲈ • ⲀⲨⲰ ⲠⲢⲈϤⲈⲢⲠⲞⲖⲀⲒⲘⲞⲤ • ⲠⲦⲀϪⲢⲞ Ⲛ ⲦⲀⲚϮⲞⲬⲒⲀ •\nⲠϢⲞⲢϢⲢ̄ Ⲛ︦Ⲛ︦ Ⲙ̄ⲠⲈⲢⲤⲞⲤ • ⲠϨⲀⲄⲒⲞⲤ ⲐⲈⲞⲆⲰⲢⲞⲤ ⲠⲀⲚⲀⲦⲞⲖⲒⲞⲤ • ⲈϤϢⲀϪⲈ Ⲉ ⲦⲂⲈ\nⲠⲈϤϪⲠⲞ • ⲘⲚ̄ ⲠⲈϤⲄⲈⲚⲞⲤ ⲘⲚ̄ ⲦⲈϤⲘⲚ︦Ⲧ︦ⲘⲀⲦⲞⲒ • ⲘⲚ̄ ⲦⲈϤⲘⲚ︦Ⲧ︦ⲤⲦⲢⲀⲦⲨⲖⲀⲦⲎⲤ ⲈⲦ\nⲦⲀⲒⲎⲨ • ⲘⲚ̄ ⲦⲎⲠⲈ Ⲛ̄ ⲚⲈϤⲀⲚⲚⲰⲚⲚⲀ • ⲀϤϢⲀϪⲈ ⲆⲈ ⲞⲚ Ⲉ ⲦⲂⲈ ⲠⲈϨⲞⲞⲨ Ⲙ̄ ⲠⲈϤϪⲰⲔ\nⲈ ⲂⲞⲖ Ⲙ̄ ⲠⲀⲔⲀⲢⲒⲞⲤ (?) • ⲈⲦⲈ ⲤⲞⲨ ⲘⲚ︦Ⲧ︦ⲤⲚⲞⲞⲨⲤ ⲠⲈ Ⲙ̄ ⲠⲈⲂⲞⲦ ⲦⲰⲂⲈ • ⲀϤϢⲀϪⲈ\nⲆⲈ ⲞⲚ Ⲉ ⲦⲂⲈ ⲀⲠⲀ ⲔⲀⲒⲞⲤ • ⲠⲀⲢⲬⲎⲈⲠⲒⲤⲔⲞⲠⲞⲤ ⲀⲚϮⲞⲬⲒⲀ • ϪⲈ Ⲛ̄ϢⲞⲢⲠ̄ ⲠⲈ ϨⲀ\nϪⲰϤ Ⲛ̄ ⲚⲈⲘⲀⲢⲦⲨⲢⲞⲤ ⲦⲎⲢ[ⲞⲨ]• ⲀϤϪⲰ (?)\nϨⲚ̄ ⲔⲞⲨⲒ ⲆⲈ ⲞⲚ Ⲉ ⲦⲂⲈ ⲠϨⲀⲄⲒⲞⲤ ⲀⲠⲀ\nⲔⲖⲀⲨⲆⲒⲞⲤ • ϨⲚ̄ ⲞⲨⲈⲒⲢⲎⲚⲎ ⲚⲦⲈ ⲠⲚⲞⲨⲦⲈ\nϨⲀⲘⲎⲚ •\nⲠⲕⲟⲙⲁⲣⲓⲟⲛ ϩⲟⲗϭ̄ • ⲉⲣⲉ ⲛⲉϥϣⲏⲛ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲕⲱⲧⲉ ⲉ ⲣⲟϥ •\nⲉⲩⲣⲟⲟⲩⲧ ⲉⲩⲱⲧⲡ̄ ⲛ̄ⲕⲁⲣⲡⲟⲥ ⲱ̄ ⲛⲁ ⲙⲉⲣⲁⲧⲉ • ⲡⲉ▨ⲱⲁ▨ⲟⲥ ϩⲟⲗϭ̄ • ⲁⲩⲱ ϥ̄ⲧⲁⲓⲏⲩ • ⲉϥϯ ⲥϯ ⲛⲟⲩϥⲉ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ","english":"A commemoration which the holy Apa Theodorus, the archbishop of Antioch, made. He made it for the holy one, the warrior, the victor of Antioch, the very strong one of the Lord, the holy Theodorus the Anatolian. He spoke about his birth, and his family, and his soldiery, and his rank of general which was given to him, and the form of his victories. He also spoke about the day of his completion, the twenty-eighth of the month Tobe. He also spoke about Apa Kaios, the archbishop of Antioch, that he was the first among all the martyrs. He also spoke briefly about the holy Apa Claudius, in a peace of God. Amen.\n\nThe garden is planted; all its trees surround its entrance, bearing fruit, O my beloved. The holy one is planted, and he is honored, giving off a fragrance outside.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The title ⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ (archbishop) in the Coptic tradition designates the patriarch of Alexandria; here it is applied to the see of Antioch, reflecting the honorific usage for major metropolitan sees.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩⲣⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"ⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩⲣⲟⲥ (martyr) is a Greek loanword; in this hagiographical context it refers to those who died for the faith, with Apa Kaios described as 'first among all the martyrs'.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲉⲓⲣⲏⲛⲏ","severity":"info","text":"ⲉⲓⲣⲏⲛⲏ (peace) appears in the closing formula 'in a peace of God' (ϩⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲉⲓⲣⲏⲛⲏ ⲛ̄ⲧⲉ ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ), a liturgical colophon phrase, not a comment on civil order.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲕⲁⲣⲡⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"ⲕⲁⲣⲡⲟⲥ (fruit) in the allegorical garden passage represents virtues or spiritual works, as is typical in homiletic imagery.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The passage divides into two sections: a narrative introduction listing the encomium's contents (birth, family, military career, martyrdom date), and a poetic garden metaphor describing the saint as a planted tree bearing fruit and fragrance.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic ⲡⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ (?) is marked with a query in the edition; it may be a corruption or variant of ⲡⲁⲣⲁⲇⲓⲥⲟⲥ (paradise) or ⲡⲁⲕⲁⲓⲣⲟⲥ (the opportune time). The reading 'the twenty-eighth' suggests a date formula, but the preceding word is uncertain.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The word ⲡⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ (?) is uncertain; it may be a scribal error or a rare term. The reading 'the twenty-eighth of Tobe' is taken as the intended date.","The phrase ⲁϤϪⲰ (?) is incomplete; the verb is likely ⲁϥϫⲱ (he said) but the object is missing."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[{"kind":"lacuna","severity":"caution","text":"The source is fragmentary here: the edition marks a break or an editorial bracket, and the English carries across it. Treat the bridge as supplied, not translated."},{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ","text":"ⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ → “archbishop”. In the Coptic tradition the title of the patriarch of Alexandria; 'archbishop' is the neutral rendering."},{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩⲣⲟⲥ","text":"ⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩⲣⲟⲥ → “martyr”. Greek μάρτυς. 'Witness' is the older forensic sense and survives in the paschal and apologetic register; the hagiographical sense is 'martyr'."},{"kind":"homonym","severity":"caution","term":"ⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩⲣⲟⲥ","text":"ⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩⲣⲟⲥ carries more than one sense (witness); this passage takes it as “martyr”. The choice is the translator's, not a lexical given."},{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲉⲓⲣⲏⲛⲏ","text":"ⲉⲓⲣⲏⲛⲏ → “peace”. Greek εἰρήνη. ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲉⲓⲣⲏⲛⲏ in a colophon is the liturgical formula 'in peace', not a comment on civil order."},{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ","text":"ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ → “God”. Sahidic ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ is the ordinary word for 'god'. With the definite article (ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ) in Christian texts it names God; without it, a god or the divine."},{"kind":"homonym","severity":"caution","term":"ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ","text":"ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ carries more than one sense (god, deity); this passage takes it as “God”. The choice is the translator's, not a lexical given."},{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ","text":"ⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ → “holy”. Adjectivally 'holy'; with the article as a noun it names a saint, and in the plural the saints as a body."},{"kind":"homonym","severity":"caution","term":"ⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ","text":"ⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ carries more than one sense (saint); this passage takes it as “holy”. The choice is the translator's, not a lexical given."},{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲁⲙⲏⲛ","text":"ⲁⲙⲏⲛ → “amen”. Transliterated Hebrew, left untranslated in the liturgy and in the doxologies that close a homily."},{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲁⲡⲁ","text":"ⲁⲡⲁ → “Apa”. A title of a monastic father. Left as 'Apa' because it is a form of address, and 'father' would collide with the biological sense in the same sentence."}]},{"i":2,"ref":"p2","source":"ⲉⲧ ⲥⲟⲧⲡ̄ • | ⲉⲣⲉ ⲛ̄ⲛⲟϭ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲕⲱⲧⲉ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲥ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲇⲩⲛⲁⲧⲟⲥ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲥⲧⲣⲁⲧⲩⲗⲁⲧⲏⲥ • ⲉⲩⲟⲩⲛⲟϥ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲟⲩ ⲛ̄ϩⲏⲧⲥ̄ • ⲛⲉⲓ ϣⲁϫⲉ ⲁⲛ ⲉ ⲧⲁⲛϯⲟⲭⲓⲁ ⲙⲁⲩⲁⲁⲥ • ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ⲛⲉⲓ\nⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲩ ⲛ̄ϭⲓ ⲑⲓ̄ⲗⲏ︦ⲙ︦ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲡⲉ • ⲡⲙⲁ ⲛ̄ ϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲧ ⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ\nⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ • Ⲕⲁⲛ ⲉϣϫⲉ ⲁ ⲇⲓⲟⲕⲗⲏϯⲁⲛⲟⲥ ⲡⲁⲛⲟⲙⲟⲥ\nϣⲟⲣϣⲣ̄ ⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲏⲓ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲥⲧⲣⲁⲧⲩⲗⲁⲧⲏⲥ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲁ ⲡⲟⲗⲓⲥ ⲁⲛϯⲟⲩⲓⲁ ⲉ ⲧⲃⲉ ⲡⲉϥⲑⲩⲙⲟⲥ ⲉ ϩⲟⲩⲛ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲟⲩ • ⲁ ⲡⲉⲭ︦ⲥ︦\nϩⲱⲱϥ ⲡⲙⲉⲣⲓⲧ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲓⲱⲧ ⲕⲱⲧ ⲛⲁⲩ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲁⲗⲗⲁϯⲟⲛ\nϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲉϥⲡⲟⲗⲓⲥ ⲙ̄ⲙⲉ ⲑⲓ̄ⲗⲏ︦ⲙ︦ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲡⲉ • [Ⲕⲁ]ⲛ ⲉϣϫ[ⲉ ⲁ]\nⲇⲓⲟⲕ|ⲗⲏϯⲁⲛⲟⲥ ⲡⲁⲛⲟⲙⲟⲥ ⲡⲱⲣϫ̄ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲟⲩ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ\nⲉ ⲛⲉⲩⲉⲓⲟⲧⲉ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲩⲥⲛⲏⲩ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲩⲥⲩⲛⲅⲉⲛⲏⲥ\nϩⲓϫⲙ̄ ⲡⲓⲥⲁϩ • Ⲁ ⲡⲣ︤ⲣ︥ⲟ ⲛ̄ ⲛ︤ⲣ︦ⲣ︥ⲱⲟⲩ ⲡⲉⲭ︦ⲥ︦ ⲙⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲉ\nⲣⲟⲟⲩ ⲛⲁϥ ⲛ̄ⲥⲟⲛ ϩⲓ ϣⲃⲏⲣ ⲛ̄ⲑⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲁⲡⲟⲥⲧⲟⲗⲟⲥ ϫⲓⲛ\nⲉⲩϩⲓϫⲙ̄ ⲡⲕⲁϩ • Ⲁ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲕⲁϩ ⲙⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲛ̄ϫⲱⲱⲣⲉ\nⲛ̄ ⲧⲁ ⲡⲟⲗⲓⲥ ⲛⲁϥ ⲛ̄ⲇⲓⲣⲱⲛ • Ⲁ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲛ̄ ⲁⲧ ⲙⲟⲩ\nⲡⲉⲭ︦ⲥ︦ ⲙⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲟⲩ ϫⲉ ⲛⲁⲡⲟⲗⲩⲙⲁⲣⲭⲏⲥ ⲛ̄ⲣⲉϥϫⲣⲟ\nϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲁⲅⲱⲛ • Ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲇⲉ ϩⲱ ⲡⲉⲓ ⲉⲗⲁⲭⲓⲥⲧⲟⲥ ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ ⲉⲓϣⲁⲛⲛⲁⲩ ⲉ ⲛⲉⲩⲙⲁ ⲛ̄ ϣⲱⲡⲉ ϩⲓϫⲙ̄ ⲡⲕⲁϩ\nⲛ̄ⲧⲁ ⲇⲓⲟⲕⲗⲏϯⲁⲛⲟⲥ ⲁⲁⲩ ⲛ̄ | ϫⲁⲓⲉ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲩⲛⲟⲩ ϣⲁⲓϫⲟⲟⲥ\nϫⲉ ⲉⲩⲧⲱⲣ ⲛ︤ⲣ︦ⲣ︥ⲱⲟⲩ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩⲙⲟⲩ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲥⲧⲣⲁⲧⲩⲗⲁⲧⲏⲥ\nⲛ̄ⲧⲁ ⲇⲓⲟⲕⲗⲏϯⲁⲛⲟⲥ ⲁⲁⲩ ⲛ̄ ϫⲁⲓⲉ • Ⲛ̄ⲇⲩⲛⲁⲧⲟⲥ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲁ\nⲡⲟⲗⲓⲥ ⲁϥⲧⲁⲟⲩⲟⲟⲩ ⲉ ⲡⲉⲥⲏⲧ ⲛ̄ϭⲓ ⲡⲉⲓ ⲑⲩⲣⲓⲟⲛ ⲉⲑⲟⲟⲩ\nⲉ ⲧⲃⲉ ⲡⲉϥⲙⲟⲥⲧⲉ ⲉ ϩⲟⲩⲛ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲟⲩ • ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ⲁ ⲡϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ\nⲙ̄ ⲙⲁⲓ ⲣⲱⲙⲉ ϣⲟⲡⲟⲩ ⲉ ⲣⲟϥ ⲉ ϩⲟⲩⲛ ⲉ ⲧⲉϥⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲣ︦ⲣⲟ • ⲁϥϯ ⲕⲗⲏⲣⲟⲛⲟⲙⲓⲁ ⲛⲁⲩ ϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲉϥⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲣ︦ⲣⲟ • ⲁⲩⲱ\nⲟⲩⲡⲟⲗⲓⲥ ⲉⲙ ⲉⲥϣⲱϥ • ⲟⲩⲇⲉ ⲙⲉⲣⲉ ⲛⲉⲥϣⲏⲛ ⲗⲱⲱⲙ •","english":"the chosen one. All the great ones gather around her, with the dynatoi and the stratelatai, rejoicing in their hearts within her. These words are not only for Antioch itself, but they are there for the Jerusalem of heaven, the dwelling place of all the holy ones. Even if Diocletian the lawless one destroyed the houses of the stratelatai of my city Antioch because of his anger against them, Christ himself, the beloved of the father, built for them in the palace in his true city, the Jerusalem of heaven. Even if Diocletian the lawless one separated them from their parents, and their brothers, and their relatives on the earth, the king of kings, Christ, called them to him as brothers and friends, like the apostles from the beginning on the earth. The king of the earth called the strong ones of my city to him as doruphoroi. The king of the immortals, Christ, called them \"apolumarchoi,\" victors in the contest. But I, this lowly Theodore, whenever I see their dwelling places on the earth which Diocletian made desolate, immediately I say, \"The kings who died are troubled, and the stratelatai whom Diocletian made desolate. The dynatoi of my city, this evil beast cast them down because of his hatred towards them. But the Lord, the lover of mankind, received them into his kingdom; he gave them an inheritance in his kingdom. And a city that is not desolate, nor do its trees wither.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲧⲡⲉ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic ⲧⲡⲉ is rendered 'heaven' per the glossary, as the abode of God. Here it appears in the phrase 'Jerusalem of heaven' (ⲑⲓ̄ⲗⲏⲙ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲡⲉ), contrasting the earthly city with a celestial counterpart.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic ϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ is rendered 'Lord' per the glossary, naming Christ in homilies. Here it appears as 'the Lord, the lover of mankind' (ⲡϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ ⲙ̄ ⲙⲁⲓ ⲣⲱⲙⲉ), a Christological title.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲡⲟⲥⲧⲟⲗⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic ⲁⲡⲟⲥⲧⲟⲗⲟⲥ is rendered 'apostle' per the glossary. Here it appears in a simile: Christ calls the martyrs 'like the apostles' (ⲛ̄ⲑⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲁⲡⲟⲥⲧⲟⲗⲟⲥ), equating their status.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"external","lemma":"ⲇⲓⲟⲕⲗⲏϯⲁⲛⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"Diocletian (ⲇⲓⲟⲕⲗⲏϯⲁⲛⲟⲥ) is the Roman emperor whose persecution (303–311 CE) is the historical backdrop for the martyrdom of Theodore the Anatolian. The text labels him 'the lawless one' (ⲡⲁⲛⲟⲙⲟⲥ), a standard epithet in Coptic martyrologies.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage contrasts earthly destruction (Diocletian's ravaging of Antioch) with heavenly restoration (Christ building a celestial Jerusalem). The repeated 'Even if...' (Ⲕⲁⲛ ⲉϣϫⲉ) clauses structure a rhetorical antithesis, culminating in the speaker Theodore's personal reflection.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"external","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The encomium, attributed to Pseudo-Theodore, was transmitted in Coptic manuscripts and edited by Budge (1914). Its use of military titles (stratēlatai, dynatoi) reflects late antique Roman administrative terminology, adapted to a hagiographic context.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase ⲛ̄ⲇⲩⲛⲁⲧⲟⲥ (dynatoi) may refer to local officials or military officers; the translation 'dynatoi' is retained as a technical term. The reading 'apolumarchoi' (ⲛⲁⲡⲟⲗⲩⲙⲁⲣⲭⲏⲥ) is uncertain; it may be a Greek loanword meaning 'victors in the contest' or a title."],"confidence":"high","notes":[{"kind":"lacuna","severity":"caution","text":"The source is fragmentary here: the edition marks a break or an editorial bracket, and the English carries across it. Treat the bridge as supplied, not translated."},{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ","text":"ϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ → “Lord”. Renders Yahweh in the Sahidic Bible and names Christ in homilies; 'master' is the everyday social sense and the right one in a parable about slaves."},{"kind":"homonym","severity":"caution","term":"ϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ","text":"ϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ carries more than one sense (master, owner); this passage takes it as “Lord”. The choice is the translator's, not a lexical given."},{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲧⲡⲉ","text":"ⲧⲡⲉ → “heaven”. The abode of God in these texts; 'sky' only in strictly cosmological passages, which are rare here."},{"kind":"homonym","severity":"caution","term":"ⲧⲡⲉ","text":"ⲧⲡⲉ carries more than one sense (sky); this passage takes it as “heaven”. The choice is the translator's, not a lexical given."}]},{"i":3,"ref":"p3","source":"ⲟⲩⲇⲉ ⲙⲉⲣⲉ ⲛⲉⲩⲅⲁⲣⲡⲟⲥ ⲧⲁⲕⲟ ϣⲁ ⲉⲛⲉϩ • Ⲡⲁⲓ ⲡⲉ\nⲡⲙⲁ ⲙ ⲡⲣⲁϣⲉ ⲙⲉⲛ ⲡⲧⲉⲗⲏⲗ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲡⲟⲩ|ⲛⲟϥ ϣⲁ\nⲉⲛⲉϩ • Ϫⲓ ϣⲓⲡⲉ ⲛⲁⲕ ⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲟⲩ ⲱ̄ ⲇⲓⲟⲕⲗⲏϯⲁⲛⲟⲥ • ⲉⲕϣⲟⲟⲡ ϩⲛ̄ ⲁⲙⲛ̄ⲧⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲥⲏⲧ ⲉⲣⲉ ⲛⲉⲧ ⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ\nⲟⲛ̄ ⲧⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲣ︦ⲣⲟ ⲛ̄ ⲙ̄ⲡⲏⲩⲉ • Ⲏⲣⲣⲱⲟⲩ ⲛ̄ⲁⲛⲟⲙⲟⲥ ϣⲟⲟⲡ\nϩⲛ̄ ⲁⲙⲛ̄ⲧⲉ ⲉ ⲧⲃⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲑⲟⲟⲩ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩⲁⲁⲩ ⲛ̄ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩⲣⲟⲥ\nⲉⲧ ⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ • ⲉⲣⲉ ⲛⲉⲓ ⲡⲉⲧ ⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ ϩⲱⲟⲩ ϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲙⲛ︤ⲧ︦ⲣ︥ⲣⲟ\nⲛ̄ ⲙ̄ⲡⲏⲩⲉ • Ⲁⲕϥⲓⲧⲟⲩ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲩ ⲱ̄ ⲡⲡⲁⲣⲁⲛⲟⲙⲟⲥ ϩⲛ̄","english":"Nor do their fruits ever perish. This is the place of joy and delight, and of happiness forever. Shame on you today, O Diocletian, for you are in hell below, while all the holy ones are in the kingdom of heaven. The lawless kings are in hell because of the evil they did to the holy martyrs, while these holy ones themselves are in the kingdom of heaven. You took them from there, O lawless one, in","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩⲣⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic ⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩⲣⲟⲥ, a loan from Greek μάρτυς, carries the hagiographical sense 'martyr' here, as the context of Diocletian's persecution and the holy ones indicates.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"background","lemma":"ⲇⲓⲟⲕⲗⲏϯⲁⲛⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"Diocletian, Roman emperor 284–305, is cast as the archetypal persecutor in Coptic hagiography; his reign triggered the Great Persecution (303–311), which produced many martyrs venerated in later tradition.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"Ϫⲓ ϣⲓⲡⲉ ⲛⲁⲕ","severity":"info","text":"The rhetorical address 'Shame on you' (Ϫⲓ ϣⲓⲡⲉ ⲛⲁⲕ) marks a direct apostrophe to Diocletian, a common homiletic device that intensifies the contrast between the persecutor's damnation and the martyrs' glory.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"parallel","kind":"parallel","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁⲙⲛ̄ⲧⲉ ... ⲧⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲣ︦ⲣⲟ ⲛ̄ ⲙ̄ⲡⲏⲩⲉ","severity":"info","text":"The antithesis between 'hell' (ⲁⲙⲛ̄ⲧⲉ) and 'kingdom of heaven' (ⲧⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲣ︦ⲣⲟ ⲛ̄ ⲙ̄ⲡⲏⲩⲉ) mirrors a standard binary in Coptic martyrdom literature, reinforcing the moral inversion: the powerful persecutor is below, the martyrs above.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"Ⲁⲕϥⲓⲧⲟⲩ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲩ","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase 'You took them from there' (Ⲁⲕϥⲓⲧⲟⲩ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲩ) is ambiguous: the antecedent of 'them' could be the martyrs (taken from earth to heaven) or the lawless kings (removed from power). The English draft opts for the martyrs, but the Coptic allows either reading.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The antecedent of 'them' in Ⲁⲕϥⲓⲧⲟⲩ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲩ is unclear: it may refer to the holy martyrs (taken from earth to heaven) or to the lawless kings (removed from their thrones). The English draft adopts the former reading.","The phrase ⲛⲉⲩⲅⲁⲣⲡⲟⲥ ('their fruits') could refer metaphorically to the martyrs' spiritual legacy or to the literal fruits of the city Antioch; the context favors the former."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":4,"ref":"p4","source":"ⲟⲩⲡⲟⲗⲓⲥ ⲉⲣⲉ ⲡⲙⲟⲩ ⲟⲛ ⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲉ ϩⲣⲁⲓ ⲉ ϫⲱⲥ • Ⲁⲩϫⲓⲧⲟⲩ\nϩⲱⲟⲩ ⲉ ϩⲣⲁⲓ ⲉⲩⲡⲟⲗⲓⲥ ⲉⲙⲉⲛ ⲉⲝⲟⲩⲥⲓⲁ ⲛ̄ⲧⲉ ⲡⲙⲟⲩ\nϩⲓ ϫⲱⲥ • Ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕⲙⲟⲩⲟⲩⲧ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲟⲩ ⲁⲛ ⲱ̄|ⲡⲡⲁⲣⲁⲛⲟⲙⲟⲥ\nⲛ̄ⲑⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲛⲓⲙ ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕⲙⲟⲩⲟⲩ ϩⲛ̄ ϩⲉⲛⲙⲟⲩ ⲛ̄\nⲁⲛⲁⲅⲕⲏ • Ⲁⲗⲏⲑⲱⲥ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲱ̄ ⲇⲓⲟⲕⲗⲏϯⲁⲛⲟⲥ ⲉⲓϣⲁⲛⲉⲣ\nⲡⲙⲉⲉⲩⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲕⲁⲣⲭⲏ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲑⲟⲟⲩ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕⲁⲁⲩ ⲛ̄\nⲛⲉⲛⲟϭ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲁⲛϯⲟⲭⲓⲁ ϣⲁⲓⲥⲁϩⲟⲩ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲕ • ⲧⲁⲥⲟϣⲕ̄\nⲧⲁⲃⲁⲃⲱⲱⲕ • Ⲱ̄ ⲡⲙⲟⲩⲓ ⲉⲑⲟⲟⲩ ⲛ̄ ⲣⲉϥⲡⲉϩⲧ̄ ⲥⲛⲟϥ ⲉ\nⲃⲟⲗ • Ⲱ̄ ⲧⲁⲣⲝ̄ ⲛ̄ ⲣⲉϥⲥⲉ ⲥⲛⲟϥ ⲛⲁⲩ ⲛⲓⲙ • ⲱ̄ ⲡⲉⲇⲣⲁⲕⲱⲛ ⲉⲧ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲛ • Ⲉⲓϣⲁⲛⲉⲣ ⲡⲙⲉⲉⲩⲉ ϩⲱⲱϥ ⲛ̄\nⲛⲉⲧⲁⲉⲓⲟ̄ ⲡ̄ⲧⲁⲩϫⲓⲧⲟⲩ ϩⲛ̄ ⲙ̄ⲡⲏⲩⲉ • ⲉⲣⲉ ⲡⲉⲩⲉⲣ ⲡⲙⲉⲉⲩⲉ\nⲙⲏⲛ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲕⲟⲥ|ⲙⲟⲥ • ⲉⲣⲉ ⲛ̄ⲗⲁⲟⲥ ⲉⲣϣⲁⲛⲁⲩ\nⲉⲣⲉ ϩⲛ̄ⲇⲩⲛⲁⲙⲓⲥ ⲛ̄ⲣⲉϥⲧⲁⲗϭⲟ Ⲧⲏϣ ⲉⲛⲉⲩⲥⲱⲙⲁ ⲉⲧ\nⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ • ⲉⲩⲭⲁⲣⲓⲍⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡ̄ⲧⲁⲗϭⲟ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲧ ϣⲱⲛⲉ ϩⲙ̄\nⲡⲣⲁⲛ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲧ ⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ • ⲉⲣⲉ ⲛⲉⲩⲙⲁⲣⲧⲏⲣⲓⲟⲛ ⲕⲏⲧ ⲛ̄ⲥⲁ\nⲛⲉⲩⲉⲣⲏⲩ ϩⲓϫⲙ̄ ⲡⲕⲁϩ ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲩⲛⲟⲩ ϣⲁⲓϫⲟⲟⲥ • ϫⲉ\nⲕⲁⲕⲱⲥ ⲁⲩϫⲡⲟⲕ ⲉ ⲡⲉⲕⲧⲁⲕⲟ ⲙⲁⲩⲁⲁⲕ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲟⲛ\nⲕⲁⲗⲱⲥ ⲁ ⲛⲉⲓ ⲡⲉⲧ ⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩⲣⲟⲥ ϫⲱⲕ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ\nϩⲓ ⲧⲟⲟⲧⲕ̄ ⲁⲩϫⲓ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲕⲗⲟⲙ ⲛ̄ ⲁⲧ ⲧⲁⲕⲟ ϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲙⲛ︤ⲧ︦ⲣ︥ⲣⲟ\nⲛ︦ⲛ︦ ⲙ̄ⲡⲏⲩⲉ • Ⲁⲗⲏⲑⲱⲥ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲉⲓϣⲁⲛⲉⲣ ⲡⲙⲉⲉⲩⲉ ⲙ̄\nⲡⲉⲛⲧⲁⲕⲁⲁϥ ⲙ̄ ⲡϩⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ | ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ • ⲡⲁⲛⲁⲧⲟⲗⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲥ\nϣⲁⲓⲉⲣ ϩⲃⲁ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲧⲁϣⲧⲟⲣⲧⲣ̄ • Ϩⲛ̄ⲛⲟϭ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲁⲗⲏⲑⲱⲥ\nⲛⲉ ⲛⲉⲡⲉⲑⲟⲟⲩ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲁⲕⲁⲁⲩ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉϫⲱⲱⲣⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲁⲛϯⲟⲭⲓⲁ\nⲱ̄ ⲇⲓⲟⲕⲗⲏϯⲁⲛⲟⲥ • Ⲉⲓϣⲁⲛⲛⲁⲩ ⲉ ⲡⲉϣⲟⲩⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩⲥ̄ⳁⲟ︦ⲥ︦\nⲛ̄ ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ ⲡⲁⲛⲁⲧⲟⲗⲁⲓⲟⲥ ϩⲓ ϫⲱϥ • ⲉⲣⲉ ⲡⲉϥⲥⲛⲟϥ ⲉⲧ\nⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ ϫⲏϩ ⲉ ⲣⲟϥ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲧⲁⲉⲣ ⲡⲙⲉⲉⲩⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡϣⲉⲧⲁⲓⲟⲩ •","english":"A city over which death also rules. They were taken up into a city over which death has no authority. You did not kill them, O lawless one, as you kill anyone, but you killed them by means of deaths of necessity. Truly, O Diocletian, if I recall your beginning and the evil deeds you did to the great ones of Antioch, I would curse you, I would revile you. O evil wolf, blood-sucker from without. O blood-drinking bear, seeing all. O serpent in the abyss. If I recall also the honor of those who were taken up into the heavens, their memory goes forth in the world. When the peoples see the healing powers bound to their pure bodies, they grant healing to the sick in the name of the holy ones. Their martyria are built one after another upon the earth, and immediately I would say: \"Woe to the one who bore you for your own destruction.\" And also, \"Blessed are these holy martyrs who were perfected through you; they received your imperishable crown in the kingdom of the heavens.\" Truly, if I recall what you did to the holy Theodore, the Anatolian, I would be ashamed and troubled. For truly great are the evil deeds you did to the strong ones of Antioch, O Diocletian. If I see the wounds that were inflicted upon Theodore the Anatolian upon him, his pure blood flowing to the ground, and I recall the honor of the one who was glorified...","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲙⲟⲩ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic ⲡⲙⲟⲩ (death) is personified as a ruler (ⲣⲣⲟ) over a city, contrasting with the heavenly city where death has no authority. This reflects a dualistic cosmology common in Coptic martyrdom literature.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩⲣⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The term ⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩⲣⲟⲥ (martyr) is used here in its hagiographical sense, as the holy ones who received an imperishable crown in the kingdom of heaven. The forensic sense of 'witness' is not active in this context.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲗⲁⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The term ⲗⲁⲟⲥ (people) here refers to the laity or general populace, who witness the healing powers of the martyrs' bodies and receive healing in their name. This reflects the liturgical and devotional context of the encomium.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲇⲓⲟⲕⲗⲏϯⲁⲛⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"Diocletian is the Roman emperor (r. 284–305) known for the Great Persecution of Christians. In Coptic martyrdom literature, he is often vilified as a tyrant and lawless ruler, as seen in this passage's direct address and curses.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁⲗⲏⲑⲱⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The repeated use of ⲁⲗⲏⲑⲱⲥ (truly) marks rhetorical transitions in the narrative, emphasizing the contrast between Diocletian's evil deeds and the martyrs' glory. This is a common homiletic device in Coptic encomia.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲁⲛⲁⲧⲟⲗⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲥ","severity":"caution","text":"The epithet ⲡⲁⲛⲁⲧⲟⲗⲁⲓⲟⲥ (the Anatolian) for Theodore is ambiguous; it may refer to his origin in Anatolia (Asia Minor) or to a specific title. The Coptic text does not clarify, and the reading is taken as a geographical descriptor.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase ⲡⲁⲛⲁⲧⲟⲗⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲥ (the Anatolian) for Theodore is ambiguous: it may denote his place of origin or a title. The reading taken is geographical.","The Coptic ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕⲙⲟⲩⲟⲩⲧ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲟⲩ ⲁⲛ (you did not kill them) is a rhetorical denial, but the following phrase ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕⲙⲟⲩⲟⲩ ϩⲛ̄ ϩⲉⲛⲙⲟⲩ ⲛ̄ ⲁⲛⲁⲅⲕⲏ (you killed them by deaths of necessity) is paradoxical; the sense is that Diocletian's executions were not true killings but rather a means to martyrdom."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":5,"ref":"p5","source":"ⲙⲛ̄ ⲡϣⲟⲙⲛ︤ⲧ︥ ⲛ̄ⲓⲃⲧ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩⲧⲟⲕⲥⲟⲩ ⲉ ⲡⲉϥⲥⲱⲙⲁ ⲉⲧ ⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ\nⲉ ϩⲟⲩⲛ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϣⲟⲩⲉ • ϣⲁⲓⲣⲓⲙⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲧⲉ ϩⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲥⲓϣⲉ\nⲧⲁⲥⲁϩⲟ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲕ ⲱ̄ ⲇⲓⲟⲕⲗⲏϯⲁⲛⲟⲥ • Ϩⲟⲧⲁⲛ ⲇⲉ ⲉⲓϣⲁⲛ\nϭⲱϣⲧ̄ ⲉ ⲧⲡⲉ | ⲧⲁⲛⲁⲩ ⲉ ⲡⲉϥⲑⲣⲟⲛⲟⲥ ϩⲱⲱϥ ϩⲓ ⲟⲩⲛⲁⲙ\nⲙ̄ ⲙⲓⲭⲁⲏⲗ ϩⲓ ⲃⲟⲗ ⲉ ⲡⲕⲁⲧⲁⲡⲉⲧⲁⲥⲙⲁ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲓⲱⲧ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲩⲛⲟⲩ ϣⲁⲓⲉϣⲗⲟⲩⲗⲁⲓ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ⲧⲁϫⲟⲟⲥ • ϫⲉ\nⲕⲁⲗⲱⲥ ⲁⲩϫⲡⲟⲕ ⲱ̄ ⲇⲓⲟⲕⲗⲏϯⲁⲛⲟⲥ • ϣⲁⲛⲧ ⲉⲕⲙⲟⲩⲟⲩⲧ\nⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲓ ϫⲱⲱⲣⲉ ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ ⲡⲁⲛⲁⲧⲟⲗⲁⲓⲟⲥ • ϣⲁⲛⲧ","english":"and the thirty cubits they bound him to his pure body within the furnace. I weep only in a desert. I will set you down, O Diocletian. But when I look up to the sky, I see his throne itself on the right of Michael, outside the condemnation of the father. And immediately I will rejoice and say, \"You were well born, O Diocletian, until you killed this brave Theodore the Anatolian, until","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲧⲡⲉ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic ⲧⲡⲉ is rendered 'sky' in the English draft, but in this homiletic context it more likely means 'heaven' as the abode of God, consistent with the pinned glossary term.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲥⲱⲙⲁ","severity":"info","text":"The word ⲥⲱⲙⲁ here refers to the corpse of Theodore, as is typical in martyrdom accounts; the phrase 'his pure body' (ⲡⲉϥⲥⲱⲙⲁ ⲉⲧ ⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ) underscores the saint's sanctity even in death.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲙⲓⲭⲁⲏⲗ","severity":"info","text":"Michael the archangel is a prominent intercessor in Coptic tradition, often depicted at the right hand of God. The mention of Theodore's throne 'on the right of Michael' places the saint in a position of high honor in heaven.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The passage shifts abruptly from lament (weeping in a desert) to a vision of Theodore's throne in heaven, followed by a direct address to Diocletian. This emotional pivot is characteristic of the encomium's rhetorical style.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡϣⲟⲙⲛ︤ⲧ︥ ⲛ̄ⲓⲃⲧ","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase 'thirty cubits' (ⲡϣⲟⲙⲛ︤ⲧ︥ ⲛ̄ⲓⲃⲧ) is ambiguous: it may refer to the height of the furnace or the length of the bonds. The Coptic syntax 'they bound him to his pure body within the furnace' is also unclear, possibly a textual corruption.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase 'they bound him to his pure body within the furnace' is syntactically odd; it may mean they bound him to the furnace itself, or that his body was bound within the furnace. The 'thirty cubits' could modify the furnace's dimensions or the length of the bonds.","The shift from weeping to rejoicing is abrupt; the Coptic does not clarify whether the vision of the throne is simultaneous with the weeping or follows it."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲥⲱⲙⲁ","text":"ⲥⲱⲙⲁ → “body”. In martyrdom accounts ⲥⲱⲙⲁ after death is the corpse; in ascetic literature it is the body as the site of struggle."},{"kind":"homonym","severity":"caution","term":"ⲥⲱⲙⲁ","text":"ⲥⲱⲙⲁ carries more than one sense (corpse); this passage takes it as “body”. The choice is the translator's, not a lexical given."}]},{"i":6,"ref":"p6","source":"ⲉϥⲙⲁⲧⲉ ⲙ ⲡⲉⲓ ⲛⲟϭ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲁⲉⲓⲟ ϩⲛ̄ ⲙ̄ⲡⲏⲩⲉ ⲛⲁϩⲣⲙ̄\nⲡⲉⲭ︦ⲥ︦ ⲓ︦ⲥ︦• Ⲉⲓⲥ ⲡⲉϣⲟⲩⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩⲥ̄ⳁⲟ︦ⲩ︦ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲕ ϩⲓ ϫⲱϥ • ⲁ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲕⲱⲥⲧⲁⲛϯⲛⲟⲥ ⲕⲉⲗⲉⲩⲉ ⲉ ⲧⲁⲁϥ ⲉⲛⲉⲣⲟ ⲙ̄\nⲡⲉϥⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩⲣⲓⲟⲛ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲑⲁⲯⲓⲥ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϥⲑⲩⲥⲓⲁⲥⲧⲏⲣⲓⲟⲛ\nⲙⲛ̄ ⲡⲉϭⲗⲟϭ ⲉⲧ ⲉⲣⲉ ⲡⲉϥⲥⲱⲙⲁ ⲉⲧ ⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ ϩⲓ ϫⲱϥ • |\nⲈⲓϣⲁⲛⲙⲉⲉⲩⲉ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ⲉ ⲡⲉⲛⲧⲁⲕⲁⲁϥ ⲛ̄ ⲃⲓⲕⲧⲱⲣ ⲡϣⲏⲣⲉ\nⲛ ϩⲣⲱⲙⲁⲛⲟⲥ ϣⲁⲓⲉⲣ ϩⲃⲁ • ϫⲉ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉ ⲕϣⲓⲡⲉ ϩⲏⲧϥ̄ ⲙ̄\nⲡⲉϥⲉⲓⲱⲧ ⲉⲧ ⲙⲟⲩⲟⲩⲧ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ • Ⲉⲓϣⲁⲛⲛⲁⲩ ⲉ ⲛⲉⲡⲗⲁⲝ\nⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩⲥⲩⲣⲁ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ ϩⲓ ϫⲱⲟⲩ • ⲉⲩϫⲏϩ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϥⲥⲛⲟϥ ⲉⲧ\nⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ • Ⲉⲓϣⲁⲛⲉⲣ ⲡⲙⲉⲉⲩⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲓⲇⲏⲥ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩⲥⲟⲛϩ̄\nⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ ⲛ̄ϩⲏⲧⲟⲩ • ⲉⲩⲁϣⲉ ⲉ ⲛⲉⲣⲟ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϥⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩⲣⲓⲟⲛ\nⲉⲧ ⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ ⲉϥⲛⲉϫ ⲇⲁⲓⲙⲱⲛⲓⲟⲛ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ⲛ̄ϩⲏⲧϥ̄ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲟⲛ\nⲛⲉⲡⲗⲁⲝ ⲇⲉ ⲉⲧ ϫⲏϩ ϩⲛ̄ ⲡⲉϥⲥⲛⲟϥ ⲉⲩⲧⲟⲧⲥ̄ ⲉ ⲡⲉϥⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩⲣⲓⲟⲛ ⲉⲩϯ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲟⲩⲟⲉⲓ̄▨▨▨ ⲁⲗⲗⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲁ ⲡⲟ|ⲗⲓⲥ • ϣⲁⲓϣⲡ̄ϩⲙⲟⲧ ⲛ̄ⲧ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲧⲁϫⲟⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲕⲁⲗⲱⲥ\nⲁⲩϫⲡⲟⲕ ⲱ̄ ⲇⲓⲟⲕⲗⲏϯⲁⲛⲟⲥ • ϣⲁⲛⲧ ⲉⲕⲙⲟⲩⲟⲩⲧ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲓ\nⲡⲉⲧ ⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ • ⲁⲩϣⲱⲡⲉ ϩⲱⲱϥ ⲛ̄ϩⲓⲥⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ ϩⲛ̄ ⲙ̄ⲡⲏⲩⲉ\nⲁⲩⲱ ϩⲓϫⲙ̄ ⲡⲕⲁϩ • Ⲉⲓϣⲁⲛⲛⲁⲩ ⲉ ⲧⲥⲏⲃⲉ ⲛ̄ϩⲟⲣⲓⲟⲛ\nⲡⲉϣⲃⲏⲣ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲡⲉⲧ ⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ ⲁⲡⲁ ⲃⲓⲕⲧⲱⲣ ⲉⲥⲡⲉⲇⲁⲗⲟⲛ\nⲛ̄ ⲛⲟⲩⲃ ⲉⲥⲁϣⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϥⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩⲣⲓⲟⲛ • Ⲁⲩⲱ ⲟⲛ ⲧⲁϥⲓ\nⲛ̄ ⲛⲁⲃⲁⲗ ⲉ ϩⲓⲁⲓ ⲉ ⲧⲡⲉ • ⲧⲁⲛⲁⲩ ⲉ ⲡⲉϥⲕⲗⲟⲙ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲟⲩⲃ\nⲙⲛ̄ ⲧⲉϥϭⲣⲏⲡⲉ ⲛ︦ⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲉⲣⲉ ϫⲟⲩⲧⲁϥⲧⲉ ⲛ̄ⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ\nⲧⲱⲟⲩⲛ ϩⲁ ⲣⲟⲟⲩ ϩⲛ̄ ⲙ̄ⲡⲏⲩⲉ • Ⲁⲩⲱ ⲧⲁⲛⲁⲩ ⲉ | ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ\nⲡⲉⲭ︦ⲥ︦ ⲉϥⲥⲟⲗⲥⲉⲗ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ ⲉϥϫⲱ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲥ • ϫⲉ ⲁⲓⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲛ̄\nⲡⲁϩⲓⲥⲉ ⲉ ⲛⲟⲩⲕ ⲱ̄ ⲡⲁ ⲥⲱⲧⲡ̄ ⲃⲓⲕⲧⲱⲣ • Ⲉⲓϣⲁⲛⲛⲁⲩ ⲉ\nⲛⲉϥⲁⲩⲗⲏ ⲉⲩⲣⲏⲧ ⲛ̄ ϣⲏⲛ •","english":"He alone is this great honor in the heavens before Christ Jesus. Behold the thorns that they placed upon you on his account. The Emperor Constantine commanded to place him in the river of his martyrdom and the burial of his altar and the tomb where his pure body lies upon it. If I think of the outside, of what you did to Victor, the son of Romanus, I weep because he did not fear his father who killed him. If I see the tablets that they inscribed upon him, lying in his pure blood. If I remember the Hades in which they bound him, they go to the river of his pure martyrdom, casting out demons from it. And also the tablets that lie in his blood are directed to his martyrdom, giving light to the alleys of the city. I thank God, I say, \"You were well born, O Diocletian, until you killed these holy ones.\" He himself became an angel in the heavens and on the earth. If I see the sword of Horion, the companion of the holy Apa Victor, a golden decoration, it goes to his martyrdom. And also I lift my eyes upward to the sky, I see his golden crown and his royal diadem, with seventy-two angels standing before them in the heavens. And I see the King Christ adorning himself, saying, \"I have brought your suffering to an end, O my chosen Victor.\" If I see his courts planted with trees.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic ⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ (from Greek ἄγγελος) is rendered 'angel' here, as the context is celestial beings in heaven, not human messengers.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲥⲱⲙⲁ","severity":"info","text":"ⲥⲱⲙⲁ (body) refers to the corpse of the martyr Theodore, consistent with its use in martyrdom accounts for the body after death.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲡⲁ","severity":"info","text":"ⲁⲡⲁ (Apa) is a title for a monastic father, left untranslated to avoid confusion with biological father; here it introduces Apa Victor.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"external","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The mention of Emperor Constantine ordering the martyr's placement in a river and tomb reflects the tradition of Constantine as a builder of martyria, though the historical Diocletian is the persecutor.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":["Budge 1915"],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic text has a lacuna marked ▨▨▨ after ⲡⲟⲩⲟⲉⲓ, and the phrase 'alleys of the city' is uncertain; the translation 'alleys' is a conjecture based on context.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage shifts from narrative of Theodore's martyrdom to a series of first-person emotional reactions (weeping, rejoicing, thanking), marked by repeated ⲉⲓϣⲁⲛ- clauses ('if I...').","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of 'Victor, son of Romanus' is unclear; he may be a different martyr conflated with Theodore.","The phrase 'the thorns that they placed upon you' is ambiguous: it may refer to a crown of thorns or a metaphorical burden.","The lacuna after ⲡⲟⲩⲟⲉⲓ obscures the exact nature of the light-giving objects."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":7,"ref":"p7","source":"ⲉⲣⲉ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲩⲅⲏ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲟⲩ\nⲕⲏ ⲉ ϩⲣⲁⲓ ⲛ̄ϩⲏⲧⲟⲩ ⲙⲛ̄ ϩⲛ̄ⲥⲧⲩⲗⲗⲟⲥ ⲉⲩⲧⲉⲕ ⲉⲃⲓⲱ ⲉ\nⲃⲟⲗ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲁⲩ ⲛⲓⲙ • ⲧⲁⲛⲁⲩ ⲉ ⲡⲣⲁϣⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϥⲕⲟⲓⲛⲱⲃⲓⲟⲛ\nⲉϥⲕⲏ ⲉ ϩⲣⲁⲓ ϩⲛ̄ ⲙ̄ⲡⲏⲩⲉ • ⲉⲩⲡⲱⲱⲛⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ ⲉ ⲡⲉⲓ\nⲥⲁ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲡⲁⲓ • ϣⲁⲓϫⲟⲟⲥ ϩⲱ • ϫⲉ ⲕⲁⲗⲱⲥ ⲁⲩϫⲡⲟⲕ ⲱ̄\nⲇⲓⲟⲕⲗⲏϯⲁⲛⲟⲥ • ϫⲉ ⲁⲕⲙⲟⲩⲟⲩⲧ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲓ ϫⲱⲱⲣⲉ ϩⲓϫⲙ̄\nⲡⲕⲁϩ • ϣⲁⲛⲧ ⲉϥϫⲓ ⲕⲗⲏⲣⲟⲛⲟⲙⲓⲁ ϩⲛ̄ ⲙ̄ⲡⲏⲩⲉ • Ⲁⲩⲱ\nⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲩⲛⲟⲩ ϣⲁⲓⲥⲙⲟⲩ ⲉ ⲡⲣⲉϥ|ⲥⲱⲛⲧ ⲙ̄ ⲙⲉ ⲡⲉⲩ︤ⲥ︥ • ϫⲉ\nⲁϥⲉⲣ ⲡⲙⲉⲉⲩⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲁ ⲡⲟⲗⲓⲥ ⲁⲛϯⲟⲭⲓⲁ • ⲁϥⲧⲟⲩⲛⲟⲩⲥ","english":"...in the fountain of water lying within them, with columns stretching upward, and they are visible at all times. I see the joy of his communion lying in the heavens, as it is turned from one side to another. I myself will say, \"You were well born, O Diocletian, because you killed this strong one upon the earth, until he received an inheritance in the heavens.\" And immediately I will bless the Creator of the truth of their... because he remembered my city, Antioch, and he raised up...","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲕⲟⲓⲛⲱⲃⲓⲟⲛ","severity":"info","text":"The Greek loanword κοινόβιον (koinobion) here refers to a communal dwelling or monastic community, but in this context it likely denotes the heavenly communion or fellowship of the saint.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲇⲓⲟⲕⲗⲏϯⲁⲛⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"Diocletian (Roman emperor, 284–305) is here addressed as a persecutor of Christians; the encomium presents his role in the martyrdom of Theodore, consistent with hagiographic tradition.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"ϣⲁⲓϫⲟⲟⲥ ϩⲱ","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'I myself will say' marks a rhetorical shift to direct address, a common device in encomiastic homilies to heighten emotional engagement.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲣⲉϥⲥⲱⲛⲧ ⲙ̄ ⲙⲉ","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'Creator of the truth' echoes biblical language for God as creator and truth-giver (cf. John 1:1–3, 1 John 5:7), though no direct citation is present.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲉⲩⲥ","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic ⲡⲉⲩⲥ is likely a scribal error or corruption; the intended word may be ⲡⲉⲩⲥⲉⲃⲏⲥ (the pious one) or ⲡⲉⲩⲥⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ (the angel), but the text is unclear.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁⲛϯⲟⲭⲓⲁ","severity":"info","text":"The mention of Antioch (ⲁⲛϯⲟⲭⲓⲁ) ties the encomium to the cult of Theodore of Antioch, a figure venerated in Coptic tradition, and reflects the local hagiographic interest.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase ⲡⲉⲩⲥ is corrupt; the intended reading is uncertain.","The reference to 'fountain of water' and 'columns' may describe a physical structure (e.g., a martyrium) or a visionary scene; the text does not clarify."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":8,"ref":"p8","source":"ⲛⲁⲛ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲓ ⲛⲟϭ ⲙ̄ ⲫⲱⲥⲧⲏⲣ ⲉⲧ ⲉⲣ ⲟⲩⲟⲉⲓⲛ • ⲛⲉⲓ\nⲙⲁⲣⲕⲁⲣⲓⲧⲏⲥ ⲙ̄ ⲙⲉ ⲉⲩϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲏⲓ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲱⲟⲩ ⲛ̄ⲇⲓⲕⲁⲓⲟⲥ • ⲛⲉⲓ ϫⲱⲱⲣⲉ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲡⲟⲗⲁⲓⲙⲟⲥ • Ⲙ̄ ⲡⲛⲁⲩ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲛ̄ ϣⲁⲓⲙⲟⲟϣⲉ ϩⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲩⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩⲣⲓⲟⲛ ϩⲓϫⲙ̄ ⲡⲓⲥⲁϩ • ⲧⲁⲛⲁⲩ ⲉ\nⲛⲉⲩⲗⲓⲙⲏⲛ ⲉⲩⲍⲱⲅⲣⲁⲫⲓ ϩⲁϩⲧⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲩⲉⲣⲏⲩ • ϩⲱⲥ ϫⲉ\nⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩⲉⲓ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲡⲟⲗⲁⲓⲙⲟⲥ ⲉⲩⲙⲓϣⲉ • Ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲩⲛⲟⲩ\nϣⲁⲓⲧⲉⲗⲏⲗ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲓ ⲧⲁⲉϣⲗⲟⲩⲗⲁⲓ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ⲙ̄ ⲉⲓⲉϣϭⲙ̄ϭⲟⲙ ⲉ ⲁⲙⲁϩⲧⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲧⲱⲱⲃⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲁⲥⲡⲟⲧⲟⲩ ⲛ̄ⲕⲉ\nⲥⲟⲡ • | ⲟⲩⲇⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲓⲉϣϯ ⲭⲁⲗⲓⲛⲟⲥ ⲉ ⲛⲁⲥⲡⲟⲧⲟⲩ ⲙⲛ̄\nⲧⲁ ⲧⲁⲡⲣⲟ ⲉ ⲧⲃⲉ ⲡⲉⲩⲣⲁϣⲉ ⲉⲓⲑⲉⲱⲣⲉⲓ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲟⲩ • ⲙ̄\nⲉⲓⲉϣⲕⲱⲗⲩ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲁ ⲗⲁⲥ ⲉ ⲧⲙ̄ ⲕⲓⲙ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϥⲟⲣⲅⲁⲛⲟⲛ\nⲧⲁϣⲁϫⲉ ⲉ ⲡⲉⲩⲧⲁⲉⲓⲟ • Ⲉⲓϣⲁⲛⲛⲁⲩ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲉ ⲡⲡⲁⲗⲗⲁϯⲟⲛ ⲛ̄ ⲇⲓⲟⲕⲗⲏϯⲁⲛⲟⲥ • ⲡⲉⲓ ⲣⲉϥⲙⲟⲩⲟⲩⲧ ⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲇⲩⲛⲁⲧⲟⲥ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲁⲛϯⲟⲭⲓⲁ • ⲉϥϣⲟⲟⲡ ϩⲁ ⲧⲕⲁⲧⲁⲥⲧⲁⲥⲓⲥ ⲙ̄\nⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲙ̄ ⲙⲁⲓ ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲧⲁⲛⲁⲩ ⲉ ⲛⲉϥⲙⲁ ⲛ̄\nⲓⲇⲱⲗⲟⲛ ⲉⲩϣⲣ̄ϣⲱⲣ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩⲁⲁⲩ ⲛⲉⲕⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ ⲉⲩⲱϣ\nⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲉⲩⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲓⲟⲛ ⲛ̄ϩⲏⲧⲟⲩ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲧⲁⲛⲁⲩ ⲉ ⲡⲉϥⲑⲣⲟⲛⲟⲥ\nⲛ̄ⲁⲛⲟⲙⲓⲁ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩⲡⲟⲟⲛⲉϥ | ϩⲁ ⲣⲟϥ • Ⲧⲁⲛⲁⲩ ⲉ ⲡⲉϥⲕⲟⲓⲧⲱⲛ ⲛ̄ ⲁⲛⲟⲙⲓⲁ ⲉϥϣⲣ̄ϣⲱⲣ • ϣⲁⲓϫⲟⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲕⲁⲗⲱⲥ\nⲁⲩⲑⲃ̄ⲃⲓⲟ ⲙ̄ ⲡϫⲁⲥⲓ ϩⲏⲧ ⲇⲓⲟⲕⲗⲏϯⲁⲛⲟⲥ • ⲁⲩⲧⲟⲩⲛⲟⲩⲥ\nⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲧ ⲑⲃ̄ⲃⲓⲏⲩ ⲛⲁⲛ ⲕⲱⲥⲧⲁⲛϯⲛⲟⲥ ⲡⲣ︤ⲣ︥ ⲙ̄ ⲙⲁⲓⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁϥⲉⲣ ⲡⲙⲉⲉⲩⲉ ⲛ ⲧⲉϥⲙⲛ︤ⲧ︥ϣⲃⲏⲣ ⲛⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲩ\nⲙⲛ̄ ⲧⲉϥⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲥⲧⲣⲁⲧⲩⲗⲁⲧⲏⲥ • ⲁⲩⲭⲁⲣⲓⲍⲉ ⲛⲁϥ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲑⲣⲟⲛⲟⲥ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲁⲛϯⲟⲭⲓⲁ • Ⲉⲓϣⲁⲛⲛⲁⲩ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲉ ⲙⲁⲣⲑⲁ\nⲧⲙⲁⲁⲩ ⲛ̄ ⲁⲡⲁ ⲃⲓⲕⲧⲱⲣ ⲉⲥⲣⲓⲙⲉ ⲉ ⲡⲉⲥϣⲏⲣⲉ ϩⲛ̄\nⲟⲩϫⲟⲩϥ ⲛ̄ϩⲏⲧ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲧⲁⲥⲱⲧⲙ̄ ⲉ ⲑⲏⲃⲁⲥⲓⲁ ⲧⲥⲱⲛⲉ\nⲛ̄ ⲁⲡⲁ ⲕⲗⲁⲩⲇⲓⲟⲥ ⲉⲥⲣⲓⲙⲉ ⲉ ⲡⲉⲥⲥⲟⲛ ϩⲛ̄ | ⲟⲩⲙⲕⲁϩ ⲛ̄ϩⲏⲧ •","english":"...in the fountain of water lying within them, with columns stretching upward, and they are visible at all times. I see the joy of his communion lying in the heavens, as it is turned from one side to another. I myself wi\n\n...these great luminaries that give light, these blessed ones of the truth who are in the house of the kings of the righteous, these who are strong in the stadium. For at the time when I walk in their martyria upon the earth, I see their harbors painted beside each other, as if they had come from the stadium in battle. And immediately I rejoice, I exult outwardly, but I am unable to grasp the fold of their garments again. Nor can I place a bridle on their garments and my mouth because of their joy as I contemplate them. I am unable to restrain my tongue so that its organ does not move, to speak of their honor. For if I see the palace of Diocletian, this murderer of the nobles of Antioch, which is under the administration of the God-loving king, and I see his idol temples shattered, which they made into churches reading the Gospels within them, and I see his throne of lawlessness which they overturned at his mouth. I see his bedchamber of lawlessness shattered. I say, \"Well have they humbled the pride of Diocletian. They have raised up the humble one for us, Constantine the God-loving king.\" And he remembered his companionship there with his military command. They granted him the throne of Antioch. For if I see Martha, the mother of Apa Victor, weeping for her son with a heavy heart, and I hear Thebasia, the sister of Apa Claudius, weeping for her brother with a sorrowful heart...","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲛⲉⲕⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic ⲛⲉⲕⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ (plural of ⲉⲕⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ) here refers to the buildings made from converted pagan temples, as the context describes idol temples being turned into churches where the Gospels are read.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲡⲁⲗⲗⲁϯⲟⲛ ⲛ̄ ⲇⲓⲟⲕⲗⲏϯⲁⲛⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The palace of Diocletian is a historical reference to the imperial palace in Antioch, associated with the Great Persecution (303–313 CE). The text contrasts it with the reign of Constantine, who reversed Diocletian's policies.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲉⲓϣⲁⲛⲛⲁⲩ","severity":"info","text":"The repeated phrase ⲉⲓϣⲁⲛⲛⲁⲩ ('if I see') structures this passage as a series of visionary tableaux, moving from the martyria to Diocletian's palace and then to the mourning women, creating a rhetorical contrast between triumph and grief.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲕⲱⲥⲧⲁⲛϯⲛⲟⲥ ⲡⲣⲣⲟ ⲙ̄ ⲙⲁⲓⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ","severity":"info","text":"Constantine is called 'the God-loving king' (ⲡⲣⲣⲟ ⲙ̄ ⲙⲁⲓⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ), a standard epithet in Coptic encomia that reflects the post-Constantinian Christian historiography, where Constantine is idealized as the restorer of the church and the humbler of persecutors.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲛⲉⲩⲗⲓⲙⲏⲛ ⲉⲩⲍⲱⲅⲣⲁⲫⲓ","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase 'their harbors painted' (ⲛⲉⲩⲗⲓⲙⲏⲛ ⲉⲩⲍⲱⲅⲣⲁⲫⲓ) is ambiguous: it may refer to actual painted depictions of harbors in the martyria, or it may be a metaphorical vision of the martyrs' resting places. The Coptic does not clarify whether this is a literal or visionary description.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of 'the God-loving king' (ⲡⲣⲣⲟ ⲙ̄ ⲙⲁⲓⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ) is not explicitly named in the Coptic, but the context and the mention of Constantine later suggest it refers to him; the phrase may also be a generic title for a Christian emperor.","The relationship between the 'harbors painted' and the preceding vision of the martyria is unclear: it may be a literal description of church decoration or a metaphorical vision of the afterlife."],"confidence":"high","notes":[{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲉⲕⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ","text":"ⲉⲕⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ → “church”. The building, the congregation, and the institution all take this word; the context decides, and 'assembly' is rare outside citations of Acts."}]},{"i":9,"ref":"p9","source":"Ⲁⲩⲱ ⲧⲁⲛⲁⲩ ⲉ ⲧⲉⲭⲁⲣⲓⲥ ⲧⲥⲱⲛⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ\nⲡⲁⲛⲁⲧⲟⲗⲁⲓⲟⲥ ϩⲁ ⲣⲁⲧϥ̄ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϣⲟⲩⲉ ⲉⲥⲣⲓⲙⲉ ⲉ ⲡⲉⲥⲥⲟⲛ • Ⲧⲁⲛⲁⲩ ⲉ ⲁⲥⲉⲛⲛⲏⲑ ⲧⲥⲱⲛⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲁⲡⲁ ⲥⲧⲉⲫⲁⲛⲟⲥ • ⲡϣⲏⲣⲉ\nⲛ̄ ⲃⲁⲥⲓⲗⲓⲧⲏⲥ ⲉⲥⲣⲓⲙⲉ ⲉ ⲡⲉⲥⲥⲟⲛ • Ⲉⲓϣⲁⲛⲛⲁⲩ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲉ\nⲛⲁⲓ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲉⲩⲣⲓⲙⲉ ϣⲁⲓϫⲟⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲕⲁⲕⲱⲥ ⲁⲩϫⲡⲟⲕ\nⲱ̄ ⲇⲓⲟⲕⲗⲏϯⲁⲛⲟⲥ • Ⲙⲛ︤ⲛ︥ⲥⲱⲥ ⲟⲛ ⲉⲓϣⲁⲛϥⲓ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲁⲃⲁⲗ\nⲉ ϩⲣⲁⲓ ⲉⲧⲡⲉ • ⲧⲁⲛⲁⲩ ⲉ ⲛⲉⲓ ⲡⲉⲧ ⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ • ⲉⲩϩⲙⲟⲟⲥ ⲉ","english":"And I see the grace, the sister of Theodore the Anatolian, standing at the foot of the wall, weeping for her brother. I see Asenneth, the sister of Apa Stephen, the son of Basilides, weeping for her brother. For when I see all these weeping, I say, \"Woe to you, Diocletian, for you have given birth to evil.\" Then again, when I lift my eyes up to the sky, I see these holy ones sitting...","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲡⲁ","severity":"info","text":"The title 'Apa' is retained as a form of address for a monastic father, here applied to Stephen, to avoid confusion with the biological father in the same sentence.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲧⲉⲭⲁⲣⲓⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic ⲧⲉⲭⲁⲣⲓⲥ (grace) is personified as a weeping sister, a rhetorical figure common in encomiastic lament.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"background","lemma":"ⲇⲓⲟⲕⲗⲏϯⲁⲛⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"Diocletian, Roman emperor (284–305), is blamed for the persecution of Christians; the exclamation 'Woe to you' reflects the homily's anti-pagan polemic.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲉⲓϣⲁⲛⲛⲁⲩ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲉ ⲛⲁⲓ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ","severity":"info","text":"The repeated phrase 'when I see all these' marks a shift from visionary description to direct apostrophe, a common homiletic device.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁⲥⲉⲛⲛⲏⲑ","severity":"caution","text":"The name 'Asenneth' is uncertain; it may be a variant of a biblical or hagiographic name, but no clear parallel is attested in the source edition.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of 'Asenneth' (ⲁⲥⲉⲛⲛⲏⲑ) is unclear; it may be a proper name or a title, and no known figure matches it in the source.","The phrase 'the son of Basilides' (ⲡϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲃⲁⲥⲓⲗⲓⲧⲏⲥ) could refer to a known martyr or a generic patronymic; the context does not resolve it."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":10,"ref":"p10","source":"ϩⲣⲁⲓ ⲉϫⲛ̄ ϩⲛ̄ⲑⲣⲟⲛⲟⲥ ⲛ̄ ⲉⲟⲟⲩ • ⲉⲣⲉ ⲛ̄ⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ ϯ ⲕⲗⲟⲙ\nⲉ ϫⲱⲟⲩ • ϣⲁⲓϫⲟⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲕⲁⲗⲱⲥ ⲁⲩϫⲡⲟⲕ ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉ ⲛⲉⲓ\nⲡⲉ|ⲧ ⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ ϫⲓ ⲕⲗⲟⲙ ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲕⲁⲫⲟⲣⲙⲏ • Ϩⲟⲧⲁⲛ ⲅⲁⲣ\nⲉⲓϣⲁⲛⲛⲁⲩ ⲉ ⲛⲉⲩⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩⲣⲓⲟⲛ ⲉⲧ ⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ ⲉⲩⲕⲱⲧⲉ ⲉ\nⲧⲁ ⲡⲟⲗⲓⲥ ⲁⲛϯⲟ̄ⲭⲓⲁ ⲛ̄ⲑⲉ ⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲥⲟⲃⲧ̄ • Ⲁⲩⲱ ⲧⲁⲥⲱⲧⲙ̄\nⲉ ⲡⲉϣⲕⲉⲗⲕⲉⲗ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲟⲩⲃ ⲉⲧ ⲁϣⲉ ⲉ ⲛⲉⲩⲕⲁⲧⲁⲡⲉⲧⲁⲥⲙⲁ\nϩⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲩⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩⲣⲓⲟⲛ • Ⲁⲩⲱ ⲟⲛ ⲧⲁⲛⲁⲩ ⲛ̄ⲗⲁⲟⲥ ⲉⲩⲉϣ\nⲗⲟⲩⲗⲁⲓ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲩϣⲁ ⲉⲧ ⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲩⲛⲟⲩ\nϣⲁⲓⲧⲉⲗⲏⲗ • ⲧⲁⲥⲙⲟⲩ ⲉ ⲡⲁ ⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲡⲉⲭ︤ⲥ︥ • ⲉⲓϫⲱ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲥ\nϫⲉ ⲕⲁⲗⲱⲥ ⲁ ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲧⲟⲩⲛⲟⲩⲥ ⲡⲁⲛ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲓ ⲛⲟϭ\nⲙ̄ ⲫⲱⲥⲧⲏⲣ ⲉⲧ ⲉⲣ ⲟⲩⲟⲉⲓⲛ • ⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩ ⲉⲣ ⲟⲩⲟⲉⲓⲛ ⲉ ⲧⲛ̄ⲡⲟⲗⲓⲥ ⲧⲏⲣⲥ̄ • Ⲛⲉⲓ ⲥⲁⲉⲓⲛ ⲛ̄ⲣⲉϥ|ⲧⲁⲗϭⲟ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲛⲯⲩⲩⲏ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲛⲥⲱⲙⲁ ϩⲓ ⲟⲩⲥⲟⲡ • Ⲛⲉⲓ ⲥⲧⲣⲁⲧⲩⲗⲁⲧⲏⲥ ⲉⲧⲟ\nⲛ̄ϩⲟⲧ • Ⲛⲉⲓ ⲣⲉϥⲙⲓϣⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲟⲉⲓϣ ⲛⲓⲙ ⲉϫⲙ̄ ⲡⲣⲁⲛ\nⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲭ︦ⲥ︦ • Ⲛⲉⲓ ⲡⲟⲗⲩⲙⲓⲥⲧⲏⲥ ⲉⲧ ⲡⲟⲗⲩⲙⲉⲓ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲟⲉⲓϣ\nⲛⲓⲙ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲡⲥⲁⲇⲁⲛⲁⲥ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁϥⲧⲟⲩⲛⲟⲩⲥ ⲛⲁⲛ ⲙ̄\nⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲙ̄ ⲙⲁⲓ ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲕⲱⲥⲧⲁⲛϯⲛⲟⲥ • ϫⲉ ⲡⲉⲩϣⲃⲏⲣ\nⲥⲧ̄ⲣⲁⲧⲩⲗⲁⲧⲏⲥ ⲡⲉ ϫⲓⲛ ⲉⲩϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲥⲱⲙⲁ ⲛⲙ̄ⲙⲁϥ • Ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁϥⲕⲱⲧ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲩⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩⲣⲓⲟⲛ ϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲁⲉⲓⲟ ⲛⲓⲙ • ⲁϥϣⲓⲛⲉ ⲛ̄ⲥⲁ ⲛⲉⲩⲥⲱⲙⲁ ⲁϥⲟⲩⲟⲛϩⲟⲩ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ⲉⲩⲥⲟⲗⲥⲗ̄ | ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲩⲣⲱⲙⲉ ⲛⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲛ ⲧⲏⲣⲛ̄ • ⲉⲩⲧⲁϫⲣⲟ ⲛ̄\nⲧⲛ̄ⲡⲟⲗⲓⲥ ⲧⲏⲣⲥ̄ • ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲛⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲙ̄ ⲙⲁⲓ ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ • ⲉϥⲥⲟⲟⲩⲛ̄\nⲉ ⲛⲉⲩϭⲟⲙ ϫⲓⲛ ⲉⲩϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲥⲱⲙⲁ ⲛⲙ̄ⲙⲁϥ • ϫⲉ ϩⲛ̄ⲣⲉϥⲉⲣⲡⲟⲗⲁⲓⲙⲟⲥ ⲛⲉ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲃⲁⲣⲃⲁⲣⲟⲥ ⲉⲑⲟⲟⲩ • Ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲧⲣⲉ\nϥⲛⲁⲩ ϫⲉ ⲁϥⲉⲣ ⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲁⲩⲱ ϫⲉ ϥⲉⲣ ⲭⲣⲓⲁ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲟⲩ\nⲉ ⲡⲉϩⲟⲩⲟ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲡⲟⲗⲁⲓⲙⲟⲥ • ⲉϥⲥⲟⲟⲩⲛ̄ ϫⲉ ⲁⲩⲉⲣ ϩⲟⲩ\nⲉ ⲇⲩⲛⲁⲧⲟⲥ •","english":"Upon thrones of glory, the angels place crowns upon them. I would say, \"Well were you born, until these holy ones receive the crown of your *kaphorme*.\" For whenever I see their holy martyria surrounding my city of Antioch like a wall, and I hear the sound of their golden *skellekel* resounding in their *katapetasma* within their martyria, and again I see the people celebrating outside in their holy festival, immediately I rejoice. I bless my king Christ, saying, \"Well has God raised up for us these great luminaries to give light, that they might illuminate the entire city. These signs that heal our souls and our bodies together. These *stratylatai* who are brave. These warriors for all time for the name of Christ. These *polymistai* who contend at all times with the adversary.\" And he raised up for us the God-loving king Constantine, who was their fellow *stratylates* while they were still in the body with him. And he built their martyria with all honor. He sought after their bodies and revealed them, adorning their men with us all, strengthening the entire city of our God-loving king, knowing their powers while they were still in the body with him, that they were experienced in warfare against the evil barbarians. When he saw that he had become king and that he had need of them especially in warfare, knowing that they had become mighty.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲕⲁⲫⲟⲣⲙⲏ","severity":"info","text":"The Greek loanword ⲕⲁⲫⲟⲣⲙⲏ (kaphormē) is rare and obscure; it may refer to a type of headgear or crown, possibly a monastic hood or a military cap. The sense here is likely a crown or headdress associated with martyrdom.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲥⲕⲉⲗⲕⲉⲗ","severity":"info","text":"ⲥⲕⲉⲗⲕⲉⲗ (skellekel) is a Greek loanword (σκελκελ) meaning a type of rattle or percussion instrument, often used in festive or liturgical contexts. Here it describes the sound of gold instruments in the martyria.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲕⲁⲧⲁⲡⲉⲧⲁⲥⲙⲁ","severity":"info","text":"ⲕⲁⲧⲁⲡⲉⲧⲁⲥⲙⲁ (katapetasma) is a Greek loanword (καταπέτασμα) meaning a curtain or veil, especially the temple veil in biblical contexts. Here it likely refers to a curtain or canopy within the martyria.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲕⲱⲥⲧⲁⲛϯⲛⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"Constantine the Great (r. 306–337) is presented as a God-loving king who built martyria and venerated the bodies of martyrs. This reflects the post-Constantinian hagiographic tradition that associates Constantine with the cult of the martyrs.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The passage shifts from a visionary description of angels crowning martyrs to a direct address praising Constantine, then to a narrative of Constantine's actions. This structural movement from vision to historical encomium is typical of the homily's genre.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲕⲁⲫⲟⲣⲙⲏ","severity":"caution","text":"The word ⲕⲁⲫⲟⲣⲙⲏ is not securely attested in Coptic lexica; its meaning is inferred from context. The translation 'crown of your kaphorme' is tentative and may reflect a scribal error or a rare term.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase ⲧⲉⲕⲁⲫⲟⲣⲙⲏ is ambiguous; it may be a proper name or a title, but the context suggests a type of crown or headdress.","The identity of 'these holy ones' receiving the crown is unclear; they may be the martyrs Theodore and Stephen mentioned earlier, or a broader group."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":11,"ref":"p11","source":"ⲁϥϯⲉⲟⲟⲩ ⲛⲁⲩ ⲛ̄ϩⲟⲩⲟ ϫⲉ ⲉⲩⲉϫⲓⲥⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ\nϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲁⲝⲓⲱⲙⲁ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉϥⲙⲛ︤ⲧ︥ⲣⲣⲟ • ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϥⲟⲩⲱϣ ⲉ ⲥⲛ̄ⲧ\nⲧⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ϣⲃⲏⲣ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲁⲛⲁⲧⲟⲗⲁⲓⲟⲥ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ⲉϥⲥⲟⲟⲩⲛ̄ ⲉ\nⲧⲉϥⲙⲛ︤ⲧ︥ϫⲱⲱⲣⲉ | ⲙⲛ̄ ⲡⲉϥⲧⲁⲉⲓⲟ̄ ϫⲓⲛ ⲉ ⲛⲉϥⲉⲓⲟⲧⲉ • ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ⲁϥϯ ⲉⲟⲟⲩ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲕⲁⲥ ⲉϥⲉⲉⲣ ϩⲟⲩⲟ ⲉ ϫⲓⲥⲉ\nⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ • Ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲇⲉ ϩⲱ ⲡⲉⲓ ⲉⲗⲁⲭⲓⲥⲧⲟⲥ ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ ⲛ̄\nϯⲛⲁⲕⲁ ⲣⲱⲓ ⲁⲛ ⲉ ⲡⲉⲣ̄ ⲡⲙⲉⲉⲩⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲓ ϩⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ ⲡⲁⲛⲁⲧⲟⲗⲁⲓⲟⲥ • ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ϫⲉ ⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ","english":"He gave them glory more, that they might exalt him in the rank of his kingdom, according to his will, to establish the fellowship of the Anatolians outside, knowing his strength and his honor from his fathers. But he gave him glory so that he might do more to exalt himself. I, however, this least Theodore, will not cease my mouth from the remembrance of this saint Theodore the Anatolian, outside, for we eat outside.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁⲝⲓⲱⲙⲁ","severity":"info","text":"ⲁⲝⲓⲱⲙⲁ (Greek ἀξίωμα) denotes 'rank' or 'office', here the royal rank of the king. The Coptic phrase ⲡⲁⲝⲓⲱⲙⲁ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉϥⲙⲛ︤ⲧ︥ⲣⲣⲟ means 'the rank of his kingdom'.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲁⲛⲁⲧⲟⲗⲁⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"ⲡⲁⲛⲁⲧⲟⲗⲁⲓⲟⲥ (Greek πανανατολαῖος) is a title meaning 'the All-Anatolian' or 'the Pan-Anatolian', applied to Theodore. It likely refers to his patronage over the Anatolian region.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The passage shifts from third-person narration about the king to a first-person statement by the speaker, Theodore, who identifies himself as 'this least Theodore' and declares his intent to continue remembering Saint Theodore the Anatolian.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'fellowship of the Anatolians' (ⲧⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ϣⲃⲏⲣ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲁⲛⲁⲧⲟⲗⲁⲓⲟⲥ) may refer to a confraternity or guild associated with Saint Theodore's cult in Antioch, possibly a social or religious association.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic phrase ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ appears twice, meaning 'outside', but its referent is ambiguous: it may indicate a location outside the city or outside the martyria. The English draft renders it as 'outside' but the spatial context is unclear.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ('outside') is ambiguous: it could mean outside the city of Antioch or outside the martyria (shrines). The reading taken follows the English draft's 'outside' without further specification.","The identity of the 'king' (ⲣⲣⲟ) is not specified; it may refer to a historical or symbolic figure, possibly Diocletian or a local ruler, but the text does not clarify."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲣⲣⲟ","text":"ⲣⲣⲟ → “king”. The native Coptic word; ⲃⲁⲥⲓⲗⲉⲩⲥ is the Greek loan and tends to be the title of a foreign or biblical king."}]},{"i":12,"ref":"p12","source":"ϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲉϥⲇⲣⲁⲡⲩⲍⲁ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲉⲥⲑⲁⲣⲉⲓ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉϥⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ϫⲱⲱⲣⲉ • ϫⲉ ⲉⲓϣⲁⲛϩⲉ ϥ̄ⲛⲁⲧⲟⲩⲛⲟⲥⲧ̄ • ⲉⲣϣⲁⲛ ⲡⲁ ϫⲁϫⲉ ⲡⲱⲧ\nⲛ̄ⲥⲱⲓ ϥ̄ⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲙ̄ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲓ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲟⲟⲧϥ̄ • Ⲉⲣϣⲁⲛ ⲡⲁ ϫⲟⲓ\nⲱⲙⲥ̄ ϣⲁϥⲉⲣ ϩⲙ̄ⲙⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲓ ⲛϥ̄ⲏⲛⲧ̄ ⲉ ⲡⲉⲕⲣⲟ • ⲉⲓϣⲁⲛϣⲱϥⲧ̄ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϥ|ⲛ̄ⲅⲱⲙⲓⲟⲛ ϣⲁϥϩⲣⲟϣ ⲛ̄ϩⲏⲧ ⲉ ϫⲱⲓ • ϣⲁⲛⲧ ⲉⲓⲗⲟ ⲉⲓⲥⲟⲣⲙ̄ ⲛ̄ⲧⲉ ⲧⲁ ⲉⲕⲥⲧⲁⲥⲓⲥ ⲕⲧⲟⲥ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲓ • ⲉ\nⲧⲃⲉ ⲡⲁⲓ ϯⲛⲁⲕⲓⲙ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲟⲣⲅⲁⲛⲱⲛ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲁ ⲗⲁⲥ ϩⲛ̄\nⲟⲩⲥⲟⲟⲩⲧⲛ̄ • ⲧⲁϣⲁϫⲉ ⲉ ⲡⲉⲣ ⲡⲙⲉⲉⲩⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲓ ⲡⲉⲧ\nⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ ⲡⲁⲛⲁⲧⲟⲗⲁⲓⲟⲥ • ϯⲛⲁ ⲟⲩⲱⲛ ⲛ̄ ⲣⲱⲓ\nϩⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲟⲩⲛⲟϥ • ⲧⲁϫⲱ ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲧ ⲉⲣⲉ ⲡⲉⲡⲛ︦ⲁ︦ ⲉⲧ ⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ\nⲛⲁⲭⲟⲣⲏⲅⲉⲓ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲟⲩ ⲉ ⲧⲁ ⲧⲁⲡⲣⲟ • Ⲡⲉ ⲡⲉⲧ ⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ\nⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ ⲡⲁⲓ ⲉⲧ ⲛⲁ ⲉⲣϣⲁ ⲛⲁϥ ⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲟⲩ ⲉⲛⲉ ⲡϣⲏⲣⲉ\nⲡⲉ ⲛ̄ⲥⲟⲧⲉⲣⲓⲭⲟⲥ ⲡⲥⲟⲛ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲧⲟⲗⲟⲙⲁⲓⲟⲥ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲡⲉⲓⲱⲧ\nⲛ̄ ⲁⲡⲁ | ⲕⲗⲁⲩⲇⲓⲟⲥ • ⲛⲉ ϩⲛ̄ ⲣⲙ̄ ⲧⲁⲣⲥⲟⲥ ⲛⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲉ\nⲕⲩⲗⲏⲕⲓⲁ ⲉⲩϩⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲕⲏⲡⲟⲥ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲱⲧ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲩⲉⲣⲏⲩ • Ⲡⲉⲩⲉⲓⲱⲧ ⲇⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲥⲛⲁⲩ ⲁⲡⲁ ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲁⲡⲁ\nⲕⲗⲁⲩⲧⲓⲟⲥ ⲛⲉ ⲛ̄ϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲣⲱⲙⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲱⲧ ⲛⲉ ⲉ\nⲡⲉϥⲣⲁⲛ ⲡⲉ ⲥⲁⲙⲁⲣ • ⲉⲛⲉ ⲟⲩⲣⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲟ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲧⲉ ⲡⲉ\nⲉ ⲡⲉϩⲟⲩⲟ • ⲉϥϫⲟ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲛⲟϭ ⲛ̄ⲥⲱϣⲉ ⲛ̄ⲥⲟⲩⲟ • ⲉⲩⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥ\nⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲩ ⲛ̄ ϩⲛ̄ⲕⲏⲡⲟⲥ ⲙⲛ̄ ϩⲙ̄ⲙⲁ ⲛ̄ ⲉⲗⲟⲟⲗⲉ ⲙⲛ̄ ϩⲛ̄ⲕⲟⲙⲁⲣⲓⲟⲛ • Ⲉⲛⲉ ⲟⲩⲉϣⲱⲧ ⲡⲉ ⲉϥϣⲱⲡ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲧ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥ\nⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲧⲟϣ ⲉⲧ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲩ ⲉ ⲧⲃⲉ ⲡⲉϩⲟⲩⲟ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉϥⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲣⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲟ • Ⲙⲛ︦ⲛ︦ⲥⲁ ⲟⲩⲛⲟϭ | ⲇⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲟⲉⲓϣ ⲁϥⲙ̄ⲧⲟⲛ\nⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ ⲛ̄ⲑⲉ ⲛ̄ⲣⲱⲙⲉ ⲛⲓⲙ • ⲁϥⲕⲱ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲧ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ\nⲛ̄ ⲛⲉϥϣⲏⲣⲉ • ⲡⲧⲟⲗⲟⲙⲁⲓⲟⲥ ⲡⲉⲓⲱⲧ ⲛ̄ ⲁⲡⲁ ⲕⲗⲁⲩⲇⲓⲟⲥ\nⲙⲛ̄ ⲥⲟⲧⲉⲣⲓⲭⲟⲥ ⲡⲉⲓⲱⲧ ⲛ̄ ⲁⲡⲁ ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ •","english":"in his drapeza, and to strengthen his might, that if he should find me, he would raise me up; if my enemy should flee from me, he would hide me from him; if my ship should sink, he would make me swim and bring me to the shore; if I should be burned in his conflict, he would harden his heart against me, until I go and disturb my ecstasy, turning it back to me. Therefore, I will move the organ of my tongue in a straight line, to speak of the memory of this holy one, Theodore the Anatolian. I will open my mouth in joy, to utter what the Holy Spirit will supply to my mouth. This is the holy Theodore, who today will celebrate for himself, as the son of Soterichos, the brother of Ptolemy the king, the father of Apa Claudius. They are from Tarsus, of Cilicia, being in one garden together. Their father, however, of the two, Apa Theodore and Apa Claudius, they are sons of one man, whose name is Samar. He was only a rich man, for the most part, possessing a great field of wheat; they had gardens, vineyards, and orchards. He was a steward, taking care of all that was in that region, because of the abundance of his wealth. After a great while, however, he rested like any man, leaving his possessions to his children: Ptolemy, the father of Apa Claudius, and Soterichos, the father of Apa Theodore.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲡⲁ","severity":"info","text":"The title ⲁⲡⲁ (Apa) is used for monastic fathers. Here it precedes the names Theodore and Claudius, distinguishing them from biological fathers mentioned in the same passage.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"background","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"Tarsus in Cilicia was a major city in late antiquity, known for its philosophical schools and as the birthplace of the apostle Paul. The mention of a garden and vineyard reflects typical rural wealth in the region.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The passage shifts from a first-person rhetorical series of conditional clauses (if my enemy flees, if my ship sinks) to a narrative genealogy of Theodore the Anatolian, linking him to royal and wealthy ancestors.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The encomium presents Theodore as a descendant of King Ptolemy, a claim not attested in other sources. This may reflect a hagiographic tendency to elevate the saint's status by connecting him to biblical or royal figures.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲇⲣⲁⲡⲩⲍⲁ","severity":"caution","text":"The word ⲇⲣⲁⲡⲩⲍⲁ (drapeza) is a Greek loanword (τράπεζα) meaning 'table' or 'banquet', but here it may be used metaphorically for 'realm' or 'domain'. The exact sense is uncertain.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase 'in his drapeza' could be literal (a dining table) or metaphorical (a domain of authority). The reading 'realm' is adopted for coherence with the military imagery.","The genealogy is complex: Ptolemy is called 'king' and 'father of Apa Claudius', but the text also says both saints are sons of Samar, creating a possible inconsistency in generational relationships."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":13,"ref":"p13","source":"Ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣⲉ\nⲑⲏⲃⲉ ⲇⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲩⲉⲓⲱⲧ ⲟⲩⲉⲓⲛⲉ ⲁⲩⲛⲟϭ ⲛ̄ ϯⲧⲱⲛ ϣⲱⲡⲉ\nϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲩⲙⲏⲧⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲥⲛⲁⲩ ⲉ ⲧⲃⲉ (?) ⲡⲉⲧ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥ ⲙ̄\nⲡⲉⲩⲉⲓⲱⲧ • Ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁⲩⲧⲱⲟⲩⲛ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲥⲛⲁⲩ ⲁⲩⲉⲓ ⲉ ⲧⲁⲛϯⲟⲭⲓⲁ ⲉ ⲣⲁⲧϥ̄ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲉ ⲧⲣⲉϥⲃⲟⲗⲟⲩ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲩⲉⲣⲏⲩ • Ⲡⲧⲟⲗⲟⲙⲁⲓⲟⲥ ⲇⲉ ⲡⲉⲓⲱⲧ ⲛ̄ ⲁⲡⲁ ⲕⲗⲁⲩⲇⲓⲟⲥ • ⲟⲩⲛⲟϭ\nⲡⲉ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲭⲣⲟⲛⲟⲥ ⲡⲁⲣⲁ ⲥⲟⲧⲉⲣⲓ|ⲭⲟⲥ ⲡⲉⲓⲱⲧ ⲛ̄ ⲁⲡⲁ\nⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ • Ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁ ⲡⲧⲟⲗⲟⲙⲁⲓⲟⲥ ϩⲱϥ ⲧ (sic) ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲕⲓⲛⲇⲩⲛⲁⲣⲓⲟⲛ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲟⲩⲃ ϩⲓ ⲡⲁϩⲟⲩ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲓⲱⲧ ⲛ̄ ⲁⲡⲁ","english":"Now when the envy of their father, a great strife arose among them, concerning what their father had done. And the two of them arose and came to Antioch, to the feet of the king, to have him separate them from each other. Ptolemy, the father of Apa Claudius, was great in that time, more than Soterichos, the father of Apa Theodore. And Ptolemy himself also placed a golden danger behind the father of Apa","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"sense","kind":"sense","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲑⲏⲃⲉ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic word ⲑⲏⲃⲉ (envy) introduces a motive for the conflict between the two brothers, which the king is asked to resolve.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲡⲁ","severity":"info","text":"The title ⲁⲡⲁ (Apa) is used for both Claudius and Theodore, indicating they are monastic fathers. It is left untranslated to avoid confusion with biological father.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁⲛϯⲟⲭⲓⲁ","severity":"info","text":"Antioch (ⲁⲛϯⲟⲭⲓⲁ) is the setting for the appeal to the king, consistent with the encomium's tradition of placing Theodore in an Antiochene context.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲟⲩⲕⲓⲛⲇⲩⲛⲁⲣⲓⲟⲛ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲟⲩⲃ","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase ⲟⲩⲕⲓⲛⲇⲩⲛⲁⲣⲓⲟⲛ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲟⲩⲃ (a golden danger) is obscure; it may refer to a golden object placed as a trap or test, but the exact meaning is uncertain.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲧⲟⲗⲟⲙⲁⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"Ptolemy is introduced as a character distinct from the two brothers, identified as the father of Apa Claudius, and contrasted with Soterichos, father of Apa Theodore.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase ⲉ ⲧⲃⲉ (?) is uncertain; the reading 'concerning' is assumed but the Coptic is partially corrupt.","The meaning of ⲟⲩⲕⲓⲛⲇⲩⲛⲁⲣⲓⲟⲛ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲟⲩⲃ (a golden danger) is unclear; it may be a literal object or a metaphor."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":14,"ref":"p14","source":"ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ • ⲁϥⲧⲁⲁϥ ⲛ̄ ⲉⲩϩⲓⲟⲥ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • Ⲛ ⲧⲉⲣⲉ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ\nⲇⲉ ⲛⲁⲩ ⲉ ⲧⲉⲩⲙⲛ︦ⲧ̄ⲣⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲟ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲩⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲥⲡⲁⲑⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ • ⲁϥϯ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉϥϣⲉⲉⲣⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲧⲟⲗⲟⲙⲁⲓⲟⲥ ⲛ̄ ⲥϩⲓⲙⲉ • Ⲥⲟⲧⲉⲣⲓⲭⲟⲥ ⲇⲉ ϩⲱⲱϥ ⲡⲉⲓⲱⲧ ⲛ̄ ⲁⲡⲁ ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ • ⲁ ⲡⲧⲟⲗⲟⲙⲁⲓⲟⲥ ⲧⲁⲙⲉ ⲉⲩϩⲓⲟⲥ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ϫⲉ ⲡⲁ ⲥⲟⲛ ⲡⲉ ⲁⲩⲱ\nⲟⲩⲉⲓⲱⲧ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲱⲧ ⲁϥϫⲡⲟ ⲛ̄ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲥⲛⲁⲩ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁϥⲁⲁϥ\nⲛ̄ ⲥⲩⲛⲕⲁⲑⲉⲇⲣⲟⲥ ⲛⲁϥ • Ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ϫⲟⲟⲩ ⲉ ⲧⲁⲣⲥⲟⲥ\nⲁϥⲡⲟⲟⲛⲟⲩ ⲉ ⲧⲁⲛϯⲟⲭⲓⲁ • | ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ϯ ⲛ̄ ⲥⲟⲧⲉⲣⲓⲭⲟⲥ ⲛ̄ ⲧϣⲉⲉⲣⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϥⲥⲟⲛ ⲛ̄ ⲥϩⲓⲙⲉ ⲉ ⲡⲉⲥⲣⲁⲛ ⲡⲉ\nⲥⲟⲫⲓⲁ • Ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲟⲩ ⲇⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲥⲛⲁⲩ ⲁⲩϭⲙ̄ϭⲟⲙ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲧⲉ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁⲩⲧⲁϫⲣⲟ ϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲁⲛϯⲟⲭⲓⲁ • ϫⲉ ⲛⲉⲣⲉ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲙⲉ\nⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲟⲩ • Ⲙ ⲡⲛⲁⲩ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲛ̄ ϣⲁⲩⲃⲱⲕ ⲉ ⲡⲡⲟⲗⲁⲓⲙⲟⲥ\nⲛⲉⲩⲧⲁⲗⲏⲩ ⲉ ⲛⲉϩⲁⲣⲙⲁ ⲛ̄ ⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲥⲛⲁⲩ • Ⲉⲓⲧⲁ ⲁ\nⲡⲉⲓ ϩⲱⲃ ⲟⲩⲟⲛϩ̄ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ϫⲉ ⲉⲩϩⲙⲟⲟⲥ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲧϣⲉⲉⲣⲉ\nⲛ̄ⲧⲉ ⲛ ⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲥⲛⲁⲩ • Ⲙⲛ︦ⲛ︦ⲥⲁ ⲛⲁⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲁⲩϫⲡⲟ ⲙ̄\nⲡⲉⲓ ⲫⲟⲥⲧⲏⲣ [sic) ⲥⲛⲁⲩ ⲉⲧ ⲉⲣ ⲟⲩⲟⲉⲓⲛ • ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ ⲙⲛ̄\nⲕⲗⲁⲩⲇⲓⲟⲥ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲩⲛⲟⲩ ⲁⲩϫⲟⲟⲩ ⲛ̄ⲥⲁ ⲡⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ ⲁⲡⲁ ⲕⲁⲓⲟⲥ • | ⲁϥϣⲗⲏⲗ ⲉϫⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲕⲟⲩⲓ • ⲁⲩⲱ\nⲁⲩⲉⲓⲣⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲛⲟϭ ⲛ̄ ⲁⲣⲓⲥⲧⲟⲛ ⲉ ⲡⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲛⲟϭ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲡⲁⲗⲗⲁⲇⲓⲟⲛ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲧⲁⲛϯⲟⲭⲓⲁ ⲧⲏⲣⲥ̄\nⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ ⲉⲧ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲩ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉ ⲛⲉⲩⲉⲓⲟⲧⲉ ϯ ⲣⲁⲛ\nⲉ ⲣⲟⲟⲩ • ⲁϫⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲅⲛⲱⲙⲏ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ • ⲁⲩⲱ\nⲁϥⲥⲙⲟⲩ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲟⲩ ⲛ̄ϭⲓ ⲁⲡⲁ ⲕⲁⲓⲟⲥ ϩⲛ̄ ⲑⲟⲣⲙⲏ ⲙ̄\nⲡⲉϥⲡⲛ︦ⲁ︦ • Ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣ ⲟⲩϫⲱⲕ ⲇⲉ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ⲛ̄ϭⲓ ⲛⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ\nⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲩⲧⲃ̄ⲃⲟ •","english":"Theodore. He gave him to Euhios the king. When the king saw their wealth and their patrician status, he gave his daughter Ptolemais as a wife to him. Soterichos, however, the father of Apa Theodore, informed Euhios the king that he was his brother and that the same father had begotten both of them, and he made him his syncathedros. And the king sent to Tarsus, and they returned to Antioch. And the king gave Soterichos the daughter of his brother as a wife, whose name was Sophia. The two of them alone gained power and were established in Antioch, for the king loved them. For whenever they went to war, they would be yoked to the king’s chariots of the two of them. Then this matter became evident, that they were seated with the daughter of the king of the two of them. After these things, these two luminaries were born, who give light: Theodore and Claudius. Immediately they sent for the archbishop Apa Kaios. He prayed over the small children, and they made a great feast for the archbishop, and for the great ones of the palace and all of Antioch on that day. And their parents did not give them names except by the judgment of the archbishop, and Apa Kaios blessed them with the fervor of his spirit. When the days of their purification were completed.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The title 'archbishop' in the Coptic tradition refers to the patriarch of Alexandria; here it is applied to Apa Kaios, a local figure in Antioch, which may reflect anachronistic usage.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲥⲩⲛⲕⲁⲑⲉⲇⲣⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Greek loanword ⲥⲩⲛⲕⲁⲑⲉⲇⲣⲟⲥ (synkathédros) means 'co-bishop' or 'co-enthroned'; here it indicates Soterichos was made a co-ruler or co-bishop with Euhios.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲥⲙⲟⲩ","severity":"info","text":"The verb ⲥⲙⲟⲩ (bless) is used for Apa Kaios's action over the children; per the glossary, when directed at persons it means 'bless', not 'praise'.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage transitions from the fathers' political rise to the birth of Theodore and Claudius, then to their baptismal naming by the archbishop, marking a shift from narrative to ritual action.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲫⲟⲥⲧⲏⲣ","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic text has ⲫⲟⲥⲧⲏⲣ (phostēr, 'luminary') with a bracketed [sic] in the edition, indicating a textual corruption or variant; the sense is clear but the form is irregular.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The naming of children by the archbishop's judgment reflects early Christian baptismal practices, where clergy often chose names, especially for those destined for ecclesiastical life.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of Euhios the king is unclear; he may be a historical or legendary figure.","The relationship between Ptolemy and Soterichos as brothers is stated but not elaborated in the Coptic."],"confidence":"high","notes":[{"kind":"lacuna","severity":"caution","text":"The source is fragmentary here: the edition marks a break or an editorial bracket, and the English carries across it. Treat the bridge as supplied, not translated."},{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ϣⲗⲏⲗ","text":"ϣⲗⲏⲗ → “pray”. Standard rendering; first occurrence is noted here, the term recurs below."},{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲥⲙⲟⲩ","text":"ⲥⲙⲟⲩ → “bless”. The Coptic verb covers both 'bless' and 'praise'; the object decides — God is praised, a person is blessed."},{"kind":"homonym","severity":"caution","term":"ⲥⲙⲟⲩ","text":"ⲥⲙⲟⲩ carries more than one sense (praise); this passage takes it as “bless”. The choice is the translator's, not a lexical given."}]},{"i":15,"ref":"p15","source":"ⲁ ⲡⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ ϫⲓ ⲙ̄ ⲡϣⲏⲣⲉ ϣⲏⲙ\nⲥⲛⲁⲩ ⲁϥⲕⲁⲁⲩ ϩⲓⲑⲏ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲑⲩⲥⲓⲁⲥⲧⲏⲣⲓⲟⲛ ⲁϥϣⲗⲏⲗ\nⲉ ϩⲣⲁⲓ ⲉ ϫⲱⲟⲩ • ⲁⲩⲱ | ⲁϥϭⲱⲗⲡ̄ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲩϩⲟ • ⲁϥⲛⲁⲩ ⲉ ⲡⲉⲩⲣⲁⲛ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲥⲛⲁⲩ ⲉⲩⲥⲏϩ ⲉϫⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲩⲧⲉϩⲛⲏ • Ⲑⲏⲧⲁ ⲛ̄ ⲥϩⲁⲓ ϩⲓϫⲙ̄ ⲡϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲥⲟⲧⲉⲣⲓⲭⲟⲥ • ⲁⲩⲱ\nⲅⲁⲙⲙⲁ ⲛ̄ ⲥϩⲁⲓ ⲉϫⲙ̄ ⲡϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲧϣⲉⲉⲣⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲣ︤ⲣ︥ⲟ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲡⲉⲓ ⲕⲁⲡ ⲥⲛⲁⲩ ⲛ̄ ⲥϩⲁⲓ • ⲟⲩⲟⲛϩ̄ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲟⲛ\nⲛⲓⲙ ⲉⲩⲉⲣ ϣⲡⲏⲣⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲟⲩ • Ⲁⲡⲁ ⲕⲁⲓⲟⲥ ⲇⲉ ⲡⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ ⲁϥⲑⲁⲩⲙⲁⲍⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲧⲉ ⲉ ⲧⲃⲉ ⲡⲉⲛⲧⲁϥϣⲱⲡⲉ\nⲛ̄ ⲛⲉϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲕⲟⲩⲓ • Ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁⲩⲥⲙⲏ ϣⲱⲡⲉ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲥⲧⲩⲗⲗⲟⲥ ⲉⲧ ⲉⲣⲉ ⲛⲉⲓ ϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲕⲟⲩⲓ ⲛ̄ⲕⲟⲧⲕ̄ ϩⲁ ⲣⲟϥ • ϫⲉ\nⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ ⲡⲁⲛⲁⲧⲟⲗⲁⲓⲟⲥ | ⲕⲗⲁⲩϯⲟⲥ ⲡⲉⲡⲉⲣⲥⲓⲧⲏⲥ • Ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁ ⲡⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ ϯ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲑⲩⲥⲓⲁ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ\nⲉⲧ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲩ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁⲩⲉⲣ ⲟⲩⲛⲟϭ ⲛ̄ ϣⲁϩ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲁⲛϯⲟⲭⲓⲁ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲛⲟϭ ⲛ̄ ϣⲟⲡⲥ̄ ⲉ ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲛⲓⲙ • ⲛⲉⲣⲉ ⲛⲁ ⲡⲡⲁⲗⲗⲁϯⲟⲛ ⲙⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲕⲗⲁⲩϯⲟⲥ ⲉ ⲧⲃⲉ ⲧⲉϥⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲥⲡⲁⲑⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ • ⲉⲛⲉ ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧ ⲉϥⲉⲣ ⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲛ̄ϭⲓ ⲡⲧⲟⲗⲟⲙⲁⲓⲟⲥ ⲡⲉϥⲉⲓⲱⲧ • ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ⲛⲉϥⲟ ⲛ̄ ϩⲓⲥⲱⲛ ⲛ̄ ⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • Ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁⲩⲧⲱϣ ⲛ̄ ϩⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲟⲛⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲉⲗⲉⲩⲑⲉⲣⲁ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲟⲩ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲥⲛⲁⲩ • ⲉ ⲧⲣⲉ\nⲩϩⲗⲟⲟⲗⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲟⲩ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁ ⲡⲉⲓⲱⲧ ⲁⲡⲁ ⲕⲁⲓⲟⲥ ⲡⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ ⲃⲁⲡ|ϯⲍⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲟⲩ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲥⲛⲁⲩ ϫⲉ ϩⲛ̄ ⲥⲛⲏⲩ\nⲛⲓⲙ ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲩⲉⲣⲏⲩ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲟⲩⲅⲉⲛⲟⲥ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲱⲧ ⲡⲉ • ⲁϥϯ\nⲣⲁⲛ ⲉ ⲡⲟⲩⲁ ⲡⲟⲩⲁ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲟⲩ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲡⲉⲕⲗⲏⲣⲟⲥ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥⲧⲁϩⲟϥ • Ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣ ⲟⲩⲙⲟⲩϣⲧ̄ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲣⲁⲛ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲡⲉⲧ\nⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ ⲁ ⲧⲉϥⲙⲁⲁⲩ ⲙⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲉ ⲣⲟϥ ϫⲉ\nⲁⲛⲁⲧⲟⲗⲁⲓⲟⲥ • ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲡⲣⲁⲛ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲥⲡⲟⲗⲓⲥ ϫⲉ ⲁⲛⲁⲧⲟⲗⲏ •","english":"The archbishop took the two small children. He placed them before the altar and prayed over them. And he uncovered their faces. He saw their names written on their foreheads: Theta written on the son of Soterichos, and Gamma written on the daughter of the king. And these two written letters were visible to all who would marvel at them. Apa Kaios the archbishop, however, marveled greatly at what had happened to the small children. And a voice came from the pillar where these small children were sleeping beside it, saying: \"Theodore the Anatolian, Claudius the Persian.\" And the archbishop offered the sacrifice on that day. And there was a great feast in Antioch and a great welcome for all. The people of the palace loved Claudius because of his patrician status, even though Ptolemy his father had not yet become king, but he was a brother of the king. And they appointed a tutor of liberal arts for the two of them to teach them. And the father Apa Kaios the archbishop baptized the two of them as brothers of one another and of the same lineage. He gave each of them a name according to the lot that had befallen him. And when the name of the holy Theodore was mentioned, his mother called him \"Anatolios,\" according to the name of his city, \"Anatole.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The title 'archbishop' here refers to the patriarch of Alexandria, consistent with Coptic usage. The same term is applied to both the unnamed archbishop and to Apa Kaios.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲡⲁ","severity":"info","text":"The title 'Apa' is retained as a monastic honorific, distinct from the biological father Soterichos mentioned earlier. It marks Kaios as a spiritual father.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁⲛⲁⲧⲟⲗⲁⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The epithet 'Anatolios' (Anatolian) derives from the Greek 'Anatole' (east), here linked to Theodore's city. This reflects a hagiographic trope of naming saints after their origin.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage is a narrative unit recounting the recognition and baptism of the two children, with a miraculous voice and naming. It bridges the earlier royal genealogy to the saint's childhood.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲕⲗⲁⲩϯⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"Claudius the Persian is identified as a brother of the king and beloved for his patrician status. This detail aligns with the encomium's interest in Theodore's noble lineage, a common theme in Coptic hagiography.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲑⲏⲧⲁ ⲅⲁⲙⲙⲁ","severity":"caution","text":"The Greek letters Theta and Gamma on the children's foreheads are not explained in the text. Theta may stand for Theodore, Gamma for a name like 'Gaudios' or 'Gennadios', but the identification is uncertain.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of the unnamed archbishop who first takes the children is unclear; he may be distinct from Apa Kaios or the same figure introduced later.","The relationship between Claudius and Ptolemy (the king) is ambiguous: Claudius is called a 'brother of the king', but Ptolemy is not yet king, suggesting a chronological inconsistency.","The meaning of the Greek letters Theta and Gamma on the children's foreheads is not explicitly interpreted in the text."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":16,"ref":"p16","source":"Ⲡϩⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲇⲉ ϩⲱⲱϥ ⲁⲡⲁ ⲕⲗⲁⲩⲇⲓⲟⲥ ⲁⲩⲣⲁⲛ ⲉ ⲣⲟϥ\nϫⲉ ⲡⲉⲣⲥⲓⲧⲏⲥ • ⲉ [ⲧ]ⲃⲉ ⲡⲅⲉⲛⲟⲥ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉϥⲙⲁⲁⲩ • Ⲉⲓⲧⲁ\nⲙⲛ︦ⲛ︦ⲥⲁ ⲛ̄ⲣⲟⲙⲡⲉ ϫⲓⲛⲧ ⲁⲩϫⲡⲟ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲁⲓ |ⲡⲉⲧ ⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ • ⲁϥⲙⲟⲩ ⲛ̄ϭⲓ ⲉⲩϩⲓⲟⲥ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁϥⲉⲣ ⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲛ̄ϭⲓ\nⲡⲉⲓⲱⲧ ⲛ̄ ⲁⲡⲁ ⲕⲗⲁⲩⲇⲓⲟⲥ • ⲁϥⲉⲣ ⲥⲟⲧⲉⲣⲓⲭⲟⲥ ⲡⲉⲓⲱⲧ\nⲛ̄ ⲁⲡⲁ ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ ⲛ̄ϩⲓⲥⲱⲛ ⲛ︦ⲛ︦ ⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁⲩⲇⲓⲟⲓⲕⲉⲓ\nⲛ̄ ⲛⲉϩⲃⲏⲩⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲣ︦ⲣⲟ • Ⲛⲉⲩⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲛⲟϭ ⲇⲉ ⲛ̄ⲉϣⲱⲧ\nϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲁⲛϯⲟⲭⲓⲁ ϩⲓⲧⲟⲩⲱϥ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϥⲏⲓ ⲉ ⲡⲉϥⲣⲁⲛ ⲡⲉ\nϩⲣⲱⲙⲁⲛⲟⲥ • ⲉⲩⲣⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲟ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲧⲉ ⲛⲉ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁϥϯ ⲛ̄\nⲟⲩⲕⲓⲛⲇⲩⲛⲁⲣⲓⲟⲛ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲟⲩⲃ ⲛ̄ ⲥⲟⲧⲉⲣⲓⲭⲟⲥ ⲡⲉⲓⲱⲧ ⲛ̄\nⲁⲡⲁ ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉϥⲁⲁϥ ⲛ̄ ⲥⲧ|ⲣⲁⲧⲩⲗⲁⲧⲏⲥ ⲉ\nⲧⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁϥϫⲓ ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲭⲣⲏⲙⲁ ⲁϥϯ ⲛⲁϥ ⲛ̄\nⲧⲉⲝⲟⲩⲥⲓⲁ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲥⲧⲣⲁⲧⲩⲗⲁⲧⲏⲥ • ϫⲉ ⲡϩⲁⲓ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉϥⲥⲱⲛⲉ ⲡⲉ • Ϩⲣⲁⲓ ⲇⲉ ϩⲛ̄ ⲛⲉϨϩⲟⲟⲩ (sic) ⲉⲧ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲩ ⲉⲧⲉ\nⲧⲁⲓ ⲧⲉ ⲧⲉⲣⲟⲙⲡⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩϫⲡⲟ ⲛⲉⲓ ⲡⲉⲧ ⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ • ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲕⲗⲁⲩⲇⲓⲟⲥ ⲁⲩϯ ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲩⲑⲩⲥⲓⲁ ⲙ ⲡⲉⲥⲛⲁⲩ • ⲁⲩⲱ\nⲁⲛⲣⲙ̄ ⲧⲁⲛϯⲟⲭⲓⲁ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲉⲣ ϣⲡⲏⲣⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲩⲧⲁⲉⲓⲟ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁ ⲛⲉⲩⲉⲓⲟⲧⲉ ⲉⲣ ϫⲟⲩⲧ ⲥⲁϣϥ̄ ⲛ̄ϩⲟⲟⲩ ⲉⲩⲉⲓⲣⲉ ⲉ","english":"The holy one, Apa Claudius, was named Persites after the race of his mother. Then after the years from their birth of the holy ones, the king Eusebius died, and the father of Apa Claudius became king. Soterichos, the father of Apa Theodore of Isauria, became king, and they administered the affairs of the kingdom. There was a great man in Antioch opposite his house, whose name was Romanos, a very wealthy man. And he gave a golden candlestick to Soterichos, the father of Apa Theodore, until he made him a general of the kingdom. And he took the money and gave him the authority of the office of general, for he was the husband of his sister. In those days, which was the year of the birth of the holy ones, Theodore and Claudius, they offered their sacrifice together. And all the people of Antioch marveled at their honor. And their parents fasted for seven days, making","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲡϩⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic ⲡϩⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ (with definite article) is rendered 'the holy one', referring to Apa Claudius as a saint. The glossary notes that ⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ adjectivally means 'holy' and with the article names a saint.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲡⲁ","severity":"info","text":"The title ⲁⲡⲁ (Apa) is retained as a form of address for monastic fathers, here applied to Claudius and Theodore, to avoid confusion with biological fatherhood in the same passage.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"external","lemma":"ⲡⲉⲣⲥⲓⲧⲏⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The epithet 'Persites' (ⲡⲉⲣⲥⲓⲧⲏⲥ) likely derives from the Greek Περσίτης, indicating Persian origin or association, here linked to the mother's lineage. This reflects the hagiographic interest in ethnic or geographic origins.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁⲩⲣⲁⲛ ⲉ ⲣⲟϥ","severity":"info","text":"The phrase ⲁⲩⲣⲁⲛ ⲉ ⲣⲟϥ (literally 'they named him') introduces a naming formula typical of hagiographic narrative, marking a shift from the previous scene of revelation to a genealogical and political background.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"dating","kind":"chronology","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲉⲓⲧⲁ ⲙⲛⲛⲥⲁ ⲛⲣⲟⲙⲡⲉ","severity":"info","text":"The temporal phrase ⲉⲓⲧⲁ ⲙⲛⲛⲥⲁ ⲛⲣⲟⲙⲡⲉ ('then after the years') indicates a chronological leap from the children's birth to later events, a common narrative device in encomia to compress time.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲛⲉϨϩⲟⲟⲩ","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic ⲛⲉϨϩⲟⲟⲩ (with an apparent scribal doubling of ϩ) is likely a variant or error for ⲛⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ 'the days'. The sense is clear from context, but the orthography is irregular.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase ⲁⲩⲣⲁⲛ ⲉ ⲣⲟϥ could be read as 'they named him' or 'he was named'; the passive sense is adopted here.","The identity of the king Eusebius (ⲉⲩϩⲓⲟⲥ) is not historically verified; it may be a hagiographic construct.","The year of the birth of the holy ones is not specified; the text only notes it as the same year as the events described."],"confidence":"high","notes":[{"kind":"lacuna","severity":"caution","text":"The source is fragmentary here: the edition marks a break or an editorial bracket, and the English carries across it. Treat the bridge as supplied, not translated."}]},{"i":17,"ref":"p17","source":"ⲛⲁ ⲧⲡⲟⲗⲓⲥ ⲧⲏⲣⲥ̄ ⲉ ⲡϩⲟⲩ ⲙⲁⲥⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲕⲟⲩⲓ ⲥⲛⲁⲩ • ⲉⲓⲧⲉ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲡⲁⲗⲗⲁϯⲟⲛ ⲉⲓⲧⲉ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲏⲓ ⲛ̄ | ⲛⲉⲭⲏⲣⲁ ⲙⲛ̄\nⲛ̄ⲟⲣⲫⲁⲛⲟⲥ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁⲩⲥϩⲁⲓ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲩⲣⲁⲛ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲥⲛⲁⲩ\nϩⲓϫⲙ̄ ⲡⲧⲉⲧⲣⲁ ⲡⲩⲗⲱⲛ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲡⲟⲗⲓⲥ • ϫⲉ ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ\nⲙⲛ̄ ⲕⲗⲁⲩⲇⲓⲟⲥ ⲛ̄ϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ⲟⲩⲁⲛⲍⲏⲃ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲱⲧ\nⲧⲉⲧⲟⲩ ⲛ̄ϩⲏⲧⲥ̄ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲥⲛⲁⲩ • ⲉⲣⲉ ⲛⲁ ⲧⲡⲟⲗⲓⲥ ⲧⲏⲣⲥ̄ ⲉⲡⲉⲓⲑⲩⲙⲉⲓ ⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲩ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲟⲩ ⲉ ⲧⲃⲉ ⲡⲉⲩⲥⲁ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲩⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲥⲡⲁⲑⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲩⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲥⲁⲃⲉ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲩϩⲓⲕⲱⲛ ⲉⲛⲉⲥⲱⲟⲩ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲡϣⲟⲩϣⲟⲩ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲩϩⲟⲓⲧⲉ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲧⲁϣⲏ ⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲕⲩⲙⲃⲁⲗⲱⲛ ⲉⲧ ⲱϣ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲓ ⲑⲏ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲟⲩ • Ⲉⲩϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱϣ\nⲅⲁⲣ ⲉ ⲃⲱⲕ ⲉ ⲧⲉⲕ|ⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ ⲉⲩⲥⲩⲛⲁⲅⲉ • ϣⲁⲩⲕⲩⲣⲓⲍⲉ\nϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲡⲟⲗⲓⲥ ⲧⲏⲣⲥ̄ ϫⲉ ⲉⲣⲉ ⲕⲗⲁⲩⲇⲓⲟⲥ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ\nⲛ̄ϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ̄ⲟ ⲟⲩⲱϣ ⲉ ⲃⲱⲕ ⲉ ⲧⲉⲕⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ ⲉ\nⲥⲩⲛⲁⲅⲉ • Ⲁⲩⲱ ϣⲁⲣⲉ ⲟⲩⲙⲏⲏϣⲉ ⲥⲟⲟⲩϩ ϩⲓϫⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲕⲟⲡⲣⲓⲁ\nⲛ̄ ⲧⲡⲟⲗⲓⲥ ⲁⲛϯⲟⲭⲓⲁ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁ ⲉⲧ ϫⲟⲥⲉ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ϫⲉⲛⲉⲡⲱⲣ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲩⲏⲓ • ϫⲉ ⲉⲩⲛⲁⲩ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲟⲩ ⲉⲩϩⲙⲟⲟⲥ ϩⲓϫⲛ̄\nⲛ̄ϩⲁⲣⲙⲁ ⲛ︦ⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • Ⲧⲉϩⲓⲏ ⲇⲉ ⲉⲧ ⲟⲩⲛⲏⲩ ⲉ ⲧⲉⲕⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ\nⲛ̄ϩⲏⲧⲥ̄ ⲉⲛⲉϣⲁⲩⲥⲧⲉⲫⲁⲛⲟⲩ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲥ ⲛ̄ϩⲟⲓⲧⲉ ⲛ̄ϫⲏϭⲉ ϩⲓ\nϣⲛ︤ⲥ︥ ϩⲓ ⲥⲓⲙⲓⲕⲓⲛⲑⲓⲛⲟⲛ • ϩⲓ ⲧⲟⲡⲁⲧⲓⲟⲛ • ⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲕⲁⲑⲁⲣⲓⲍⲉ\nⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲥ ⲛ̄ | ⲥⲉⲛⲟⲩϫ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲥ ⲙ̄ ⲙⲟⲩⲥϯⲕⲟⲛ ⲉⲧ ⲥⲟⲧⲡ̄ • ϩⲓ ⲁⲛⲕⲣⲁⲧⲱⲣ • Ⲉⲛⲉⲩϩⲙⲟⲟⲥ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲩⲉⲣⲏⲩ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲥⲛⲁⲩ\nⲟⲛ̄ ⲟⲩϯⲙⲏ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲉⲡⲓⲥⲏⲙⲉⲓ ϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲕⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ • ⲁⲩⲱ\nⲛⲉⲣⲉ ⲡⲗⲁⲟⲥ ⲧⲏⲣϥ̄ ϩⲓ ⲡⲁϩⲟⲩ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲟⲩ ⲉⲩⲉⲣ ϣⲡⲏⲣⲉ\nⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲩⲥⲁ • Ⲉⲛⲉ ⲁ ⲧⲉⲩⲙⲁⲁⲩ ⲧⲁⲙⲓⲟ̄ ⲛ̄ ϩⲛ̄ϩⲉⲣⲙⲁⲛ\nⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩⲃ ϩⲓ ϩⲁⲧ • ⲉⲩⲛⲟⲩϫ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲟⲩ ⲉ ϫⲱⲟⲩ • ⲉⲣⲉ\nⲛⲉⲩⲇⲣⲁⲡⲩⲍⲁ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲩ ⲡⲟⲧⲏⲣⲏ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲟⲩⲃ ϩⲓ ϩⲁⲧ •","english":"The whole city was amazed at the two small children, whether in the palace or in the house of the widows and orphans. And they wrote the name of the two of them on the tetrapylon of the city: \"Theodore and Claudius, sons of the king.\" They were of one soul, the two of them. The whole city desired to see them because of their beauty, their nobility, their wisdom, their beautiful forms, the splendor of their garments, and the multitude of their curls that hung down over their shoulders. For if they wished to go to the church to gather, they would proclaim throughout the whole city: \"Claudius and Theodore, the sons of the king, wish to go to the church to gather.\" And a multitude would assemble on the rooftops of the city of Antioch, and on the high places, and on the balconies of their houses, to see them sitting on the royal chariots. The road that came to the church, they would crown it with garments of purple, with linen, with silk, with fine linen, and with precious stones. They would purify it, they would sprinkle it with choice myrrh and incense. When the two of them sat together, they were an honor and a distinction in the church. And all the people were behind them, marveling at their beauty, as if their mother had made them of gold and silver, and they threw them away. Their draperies and their cups of gold and silver...","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲉⲕⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic ⲉⲕⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ (from Greek ἐκκλησία) here denotes the physical church building, as the context describes the road leading to it and the actions of crowning and purifying it.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲗⲁⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"ⲗⲁⲟⲥ (Greek λαός) here refers to the congregation as distinct from the clergy, as the people are described as being behind the two princes in the church, marveling at them.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲧⲉⲧⲣⲁ ⲡⲩⲗⲱⲛ","severity":"info","text":"The tetrapylon (ⲧⲉⲧⲣⲁ ⲡⲩⲗⲱⲛ) was a monumental four-sided gateway common in Roman cities, often used for public inscriptions; here it bears the names of the princes Theodore and Claudius.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage is a narrative expansion describing the public adulation of the two child princes, contrasting their royal status with their piety in attending church, and building toward a hagiographic climax.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲛⲉⲩⲇⲣⲁⲡⲩⲍⲁ","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic ⲛⲉⲩⲇⲣⲁⲡⲩⲍⲁ (from Greek δραπύζα) is obscure; it may mean 'draperies' or 'coverings,' but the exact referent is uncertain, and the English draft's 'draperies' is a plausible but unverified rendering.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase ⲛⲉⲩⲇⲣⲁⲡⲩⲍⲁ is of uncertain meaning; the reading 'draperies' follows the English draft but is not confirmed by the Coptic alone.","The clause ⲉⲛⲉ ⲁ ⲧⲉⲩⲙⲁⲁⲩ ⲧⲁⲙⲓⲟ̄ ⲛ̄ ϩⲛ̄ϩⲉⲣⲙⲁⲛ ⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩⲃ ϩⲓ ϩⲁⲧ • ⲉⲩⲛⲟⲩϫ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲟⲩ ⲉ ϫⲱⲟⲩ is syntactically ambiguous: it may mean 'as if their mother had made them of gold and silver and thrown them away' (as in the English draft) or 'as if their mother had made them of gold and silver, and they threw them away' (with a shift in subject)."],"confidence":"high","notes":[{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲗⲁⲟⲥ","text":"ⲗⲁⲟⲥ → “people”. Greek λαός. In liturgical description it is the congregation as distinct from the clergy, i.e. the laity."},{"kind":"homonym","severity":"caution","term":"ⲗⲁⲟⲥ","text":"ⲗⲁⲟⲥ carries more than one sense (laity); this passage takes it as “people”. The choice is the translator's, not a lexical given."}]},{"i":18,"ref":"p18","source":"ⲧⲟⲧⲥ̄ ⲛ̄ⲱⲛⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲙⲉ • ϩⲓ ⲥⲙⲁⲣⲁⲕⲇⲟⲥ • ϩⲓ ⲧⲟⲡⲁϯⲟⲛ • ⲟⲓ ⲁⲇⲁⲙⲁⲥ • ϩⲓ ⲭⲣⲏⲥⲟⲗⲓⲛⲑⲟⲥ • Ⲛⲉⲣⲉ ⲡⲣⲁⲛ ⲙ̄\nⲡⲟⲩⲁ ⲡⲟⲩⲁ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲟⲩ | ⲥⲏϩ ϩⲓϫⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲩⲇⲣⲁⲡⲩⲍⲁ ϩⲛ̄\nⲟⲩϣⲱϣ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲱⲧ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲧⲁⲉⲓⲟ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲱⲧ • ⲉⲣⲉ ⲡⲁ ⲉⲓⲱⲧ\nⲁⲡⲁ ⲅⲁⲓⲟⲥ ⲥⲩⲛⲁⲅⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲟⲩ • Ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲇⲉ ϩⲱ ⲡⲉⲓ\nⲉⲗⲁⲭⲓⲥⲧⲟⲥ ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ ⲉⲛⲉⲓⲟ ⲛ̄ ⲇⲓⲁⲧⲟⲭⲟⲥ ϩⲁ ⲣⲁⲧϥ̄\nⲙ̄ ⲡⲁ ⲉⲓⲱⲧ ⲁⲡⲁ ⲕⲁⲓⲟⲥ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ ⲉⲧ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲩ • Ⲁⲩⲱ\nⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣⲉ ⲛⲉⲓ ϣⲏⲣⲉ ϣⲏⲙ ⲉⲓ ⲉ ⲧⲉⲕⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ ⲉ ⲥⲩⲛⲁⲅⲉ •","english":"of precious stones: jasper, emerald, topaz, diamond, and chrysolite. The name of each one of them is written upon their tetrapyla in a single script and a single honor. My father Apa Gaius gathered them. And I, the humble Theodore, came as successor in the place of my father Apa Gaius on that day. And when these small children came to the church to gather,","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲉⲕⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic word ⲉⲕⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ is rendered as 'church' throughout, covering the building, congregation, and institution. Here it refers to the building where the children gather.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲡⲁ","severity":"info","text":"The title ⲁⲡⲁ is left as 'Apa' to distinguish it from the biological sense of 'father' (ⲉⲓⲱⲧ) used in the same sentence.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲧⲟⲡⲁϯⲟⲛ","severity":"info","text":"The list of precious stones (jasper, emerald, topaz, diamond, chrysolite) reflects a Late Antique lapidary tradition, often used in encomiastic rhetoric to describe saintly virtue.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The passage shifts from a descriptive catalogue of gems to a first-person narrative, as the speaker Theodore identifies himself as successor to Apa Gaius, marking a transition from praise to personal testimony.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲛⲉⲩⲇⲣⲁⲡⲩⲍⲁ","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic ⲛⲉⲩⲇⲣⲁⲡⲩⲍⲁ (their tetrapyla) is ambiguous: it may refer to the four-sided pillars of the city gate mentioned in the previous passage, or to individual monuments for each child. The translation follows the plural possessive.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase ⲛⲉⲩⲇⲣⲁⲡⲩⲍⲁ could mean 'their tetrapyla' (plural) or a single tetrapylon with multiple inscriptions; the translation takes it as plural.","The clause ⲉⲛⲉⲓⲟ ⲛ̄ ⲇⲓⲁⲧⲟⲭⲟⲥ ϩⲁ ⲣⲁⲧϥ̄ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲁ ⲉⲓⲱⲧ is rendered as 'came as successor in the place of my father', but the precise sense of 'in the place of' (ϩⲁ ⲣⲁⲧϥ̄) may imply physical standing or official deputyship."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":19,"ref":"p19","source":"ⲁⲡⲁⲣⲭⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ ⲙⲓⲭⲁⲏⲗ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲅⲁⲃⲣⲓⲏⲗ ⲁϩⲉ ⲣⲁⲧⲟⲩ\nⲛ̄ⲥⲁ ⲥⲡⲓⲣ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲟⲩ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲥⲛⲁⲩ • Ⲁ ⲙⲓⲭⲁⲏⲗ ⲁⲙⲁϩⲧⲉ\nⲛ̄ ⲧϭⲓϫ ⲙ̄ ⲡϩⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ • ⲁϥϯ ⲛ̄ⲧⲉϥⲥⲏⲃⲉ ⲉ\nⲧⲟⲟⲧϥ̄ ⲉϥ|ϫⲱ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲥ •ϫⲉ ϫⲓ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲁⲓ ⲛⲁⲕ ⲱ̄ ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ\nⲛⲅ̄ ϫⲣⲟ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛⲅ̄ ϭⲙ̄ϭⲟⲙ ⲛⲅ̄ ⲡⲱⲧ ⲛ̄ⲥⲁ ⲛⲉⲕϫⲁϫⲉ\nⲛ̄ϩⲏⲧⲥ̄ ⲛ̄ⲑⲉ ⲛ̄ⲁⲃⲉⲛⲛⲁⲓⲟⲥ¹ ⲡϫⲱⲱⲣⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲓ︦ⲏ︦ⲗ︦ • ϫⲉ ⲥⲛⲁⲙⲓϣⲉ ⲛ̄ϭⲓ ⲧⲉⲕϭⲓϫ ⲛ̄ⲥⲧⲁϫⲣⲟ ⲛ̄ϭⲓ ⲧⲉⲕⲟⲩⲛⲁⲙ • Ⲁⲛⲟⲕ\nⲡⲉ ⲙⲓⲭⲁⲏⲗ ⲡⲁⲣⲭⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ • ⲁ ⲡⲉⲭ︦ⲥ︦ ⲟⲩⲱ ⲉϥⲭⲁⲣⲓⲍⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲕ ⲛⲁⲓ ⲛ̄ϩⲙⲟⲧ ϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲉϥⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ⲉⲕⲉϫⲓ\nⲛ̄ ⲧⲁ ϭⲟⲙ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲡⲟⲗⲁⲓⲙⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱ ⲉⲩϯ ⲣⲁⲛ ⲉ\nⲣⲟⲕ ϩⲛ̄ ⲙ̄ⲡⲏⲩⲉ • ϫⲉ ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ ⲡⲉⲥⲧⲣⲁⲧⲩⲗⲁⲧⲏⲥ\nⲛ̄ ϫⲱⲱⲣⲉ • Ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁ ⲅⲁⲃⲣⲓⲏⲗ ϣⲁϫⲉ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲕⲗⲁⲩⲇⲓⲟⲥ |\nⲉϥϩⲓ ⲟⲩ ⲛⲁⲙ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ ⲉϥⲥⲟⲟⲩⲧⲛ̄ ⲉ ⲣⲟϥ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉϥⲥⲏⲃⲉ\nⲓⲛ̄ ⲕⲱϩⲧ̄ ⲉⲧ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲟⲟⲧϥ̄ ⲉϥϫⲱ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲥ • ϫⲉ ϫⲓ ⲧⲁⲓ ⲛⲁⲕ\n[ⲉ ⲡⲧⲁⲕⲟ ⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲃⲁⲣⲃⲁⲣⲟⲥ • ⲛⲅ̄ ⲡⲱⲧ ⲛ̄ⲥⲁ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲣⲥⲟⲥ\nⲛ̄ϩⲏⲧⲥ̄ • Ϫⲓ ⲛⲁⲕ ⲱ̄ ⲕⲗⲁⲩⲇⲓⲟⲥ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲁ ⲛⲟϭ ⲛ ⲑⲃ̄ⲃⲓⲟ\nⲓⲙⲛ̄ ⲉⲟⲟⲩ ⲉⲩⲙⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲓ ϫⲉ ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ϩⲓ ⲣⲱⲙⲉ • Ⲥⲉⲛⲁⲙⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲕ ϩⲱⲱⲕ ϫⲉ ⲥⲧⲣⲁⲧⲩⲗⲁⲧⲏⲥ ϩⲓ\nϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲣ︤ⲣ︥ⲟ • ⲁⲩϯ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲛ̄ ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ ⲉ ⲧⲟⲟⲧϥ̄ ⲙ̄\nⲡⲁ ϣⲃⲏⲣ ⲁⲣⲭⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ ϩⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ ⲙ̄ⲡⲏⲩⲉ • ⲁⲩⲭⲁⲣⲓⲍⲉ\nⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲕ ⲛⲁⲓ ϩⲱ ϩⲛ̄ ⲙ̄ⲡⲏⲩⲉ • Ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣⲉ ⲁⲡⲁ ⲕⲁⲓⲟⲥ ⲇⲉ\nⲛⲁⲩ ⲉ ⲧⲟⲡⲧⲁⲥⲓⲁ ⲛϥ̄ϣⲡⲏ|ⲣⲉ ⲁϥϣⲧⲟⲣⲧⲣ̄ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲧⲉ • ⲁϥⲧⲱⲟⲩⲛ ⲉ ϩⲣⲁⲓ ⲁⲩⲱ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲁⲓ ϫⲉ ⲡⲁ ϣⲏⲣⲉ\nⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ • ⲕⲁⲛ ϯⲛⲁⲙⲟⲩ • ⲕⲁⲛ ϯⲛⲁⲱⲛϩ̄ • ⲕⲗⲁⲩϯⲟⲥ\nⲙⲛ̄ ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ ⲛⲁⲉⲣ ⲥⲟⲉⲓⲧ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲕⲟⲥⲙⲟⲥ ⲧⲏⲣϥ̄ ⲉ\nⲧⲃⲉ ⲧⲉⲩⲙⲛ︤ⲧ︥ϫⲱⲱⲣⲉ • ϯϫⲱ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲥ ⲛⲁⲕ ⲱ̄ ⲡⲁ\nϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ •","english":"The archangel Michael and Gabriel stood behind the two of them. Michael took the hand of the holy Theodore and placed his sword in his hand, saying, \"Take this for yourself, O Theodore, that you may prevail and have strength, and that you may pursue your enemies within her like Abennalios, the strong one of Israel, for your hand will fight and your right hand will be strengthened. I am Michael the archangel. Christ has granted you this grace in his kingdom. You will also receive my strength in the battle, for they have given you a name in the heavens: Theodore the strong general.\" And Gabriel spoke with Claudius, who was on his right, his sword drawn in his hand, a flame in his hand, saying, \"Take this for yourself for the destruction of the barbarians, that you may pursue the Persians within her. Take for yourself, O Claudius, my great and glorious honor, for they call me God and man. They will also call you general and son of a king. For they have given Theodore into the hand of my fellow archangel in the heavens, and they have granted you also in the heavens.\" When Apa Gaius saw the vision, he marveled greatly. He rose up and said to me, \"My son Theodore, whether I die or live, Claudius and Theodore will be renowned throughout the whole world for their strength. I say this to you, O my son Theodore.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁⲃⲉⲛⲛⲁⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The name Abennalios (ⲁⲃⲉⲛⲛⲁⲓⲟⲥ) is a Coptic rendering of a biblical or legendary figure, likely Abner or a variant, associated with strength in Israel. The text glosses it as 'the strong one of Israel'.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡϫⲱⲱⲣⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲓ︦ⲏ︦ⲗ︦","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'the strong one of Israel' echoes Old Testament epithets for warriors or judges, though no single verse is cited. It reinforces the martial typology applied to Theodore.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲥⲧⲣⲁⲧⲩⲗⲁⲧⲏⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Greek loanword ⲥⲧⲣⲁⲧⲩⲗⲁⲧⲏⲥ (stratēlatēs) denotes a military commander, often a high-ranking officer in late Roman or Byzantine armies. In Coptic hagiography it is a standard title for soldier-saints.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage is a narrative vision within the homily, marked by direct speech from archangels Michael and Gabriel, and a response from Apa Gaius. The parallel investiture of Theodore and Claudius structures the scene.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The epithet 'God and man' attributed to Gabriel is unusual and may reflect a local Coptic tradition or a textual corruption. It does not align with mainstream angelology and may be a scribal embellishment.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ϩⲓ ⲣⲱⲙⲉ","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase 'God and man' (ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ϩⲓ ⲣⲱⲙⲉ) applied to Gabriel is theologically problematic. It may be a scribal error or a rare epithet; the Coptic text is clear but the sense is contested.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of Abennalios is uncertain; it may be a corruption of a biblical name like Abner or a legendary figure.","The phrase 'God and man' for Gabriel is ambiguous: it could be a scribal error, a local tradition, or a misreading of the Coptic."],"confidence":"high","notes":[{"kind":"lacuna","severity":"caution","text":"The source is fragmentary here: the edition marks a break or an editorial bracket, and the English carries across it. Treat the bridge as supplied, not translated."},{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲁⲣⲭⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ","text":"ⲁⲣⲭⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ → “archangel”. Michael, Gabriel, Raphael, Suriel; the rank is fixed in Coptic liturgical usage."}]},{"i":20,"ref":"p20","source":"ϫⲉ ⲡⲣⲁⲛ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲁⲓ ⲛⲁⲉⲣ ⲥⲟⲉⲓⲧ ⲛ̄ⲑⲉ\nⲛ︦ⲛ︦ⲁⲡⲟⲥⲧⲟⲗⲟⲥ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲭ︤ⲥ︥ • ⲡⲉⲩⲣⲁⲛ ⲛⲁⲡⲱϩ ϣⲁ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲣⲥⲟⲥ • Ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲇⲉ ⲁⲓϯ ⲙⲉⲧⲁⲛⲟⲓⲁ ⲛⲁϥ ⲉⲓϫⲱ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲥ\nϫⲉ ⲕⲱ ⲛⲁⲓ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ⲡⲁ ⲉⲓⲱⲧ ⲉⲧ ⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ • ⲁⲣⲏⲩ\nⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕⲛⲁⲩ ⲉⲩϭⲱ|ⲗⲡ̄ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ⲉ ⲧⲃⲉ ⲛⲉⲓ ϣⲏⲣⲉ ϣⲙ̄ ⲛ̄\nⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲟϥ ⲇⲉ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲁⲓ ϫⲉ ⲡⲁ ϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ • ⲓⲛⲁⲩ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲟⲩ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲥⲛⲁⲩ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩⲧⲁⲁⲩ ⲉ ⲧⲟⲟⲧϥ̄ • ⲙ̄","english":"that the name of these will be scattered like the names of the apostles of Christ; their name will perish until the end. But I gave repentance to him, saying, \"Forgive me, my holy father. Perhaps you have seen a revelation concerning these children of the king.\" He, however, said to me, \"My son Theodore, I see the two of them whom they gave into his hand.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"sense","kind":"sense","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The speaker reports giving repentance (metanoia) to Theodore, who then asks for forgiveness. The Coptic phrase ⲁⲓϯ ⲙⲉⲧⲁⲛⲟⲓⲁ ⲛⲁϥ means 'I gave repentance to him,' implying a pastoral or confessional act.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲡⲟⲥⲧⲟⲗⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"ⲁⲡⲟⲥⲧⲟⲗⲟⲥ (apostle) is a Greek loanword in Coptic, here used in a simile: the names of the king's children will be scattered like those of the apostles of Christ.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The scattering of names echoes the dispersion of the apostles in Christian tradition, possibly alluding to Acts 8:1 or the general theme of apostolic mission and persecution.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The mention of 'children of the king' (ϣⲏⲣⲉ ϣⲙ̄ ⲛ̄ⲣ̄ⲣ̄ⲟ) and a 'revelation' (ϭⲱⲗⲡ̄ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ) fits the hagiographic context of Theodore of Antioch, where divine visions guide the martyr's actions.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic phrase ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩⲧⲁⲁⲩ ⲉ ⲧⲟⲟⲧϥ̄ ('whom they gave into his hand') is ambiguous: the antecedent of 'his' could be Theodore or another figure, and the identity of 'the two' is unclear from this passage alone.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The referent of 'his hand' (ⲧⲟⲟⲧϥ̄) is ambiguous: it may be Theodore or the king. The identity of 'the two' (ⲡⲉⲥⲛⲁⲩ) is not specified in this passage."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲁⲡⲟⲥⲧⲟⲗⲟⲥ","text":"ⲁⲡⲟⲥⲧⲟⲗⲟⲥ → “apostle”. Standard rendering; first occurrence is noted here, the term recurs below."}]},{"i":21,"ref":"p21","source":"ⲡⲁⲣⲭⲱⲛ ⲥⲛⲁⲩ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲁⲩⲗⲏ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲡⲉⲭ︦ⲥ̄ • ⲙⲓⲭⲁⲏⲗ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲅⲁⲃⲣⲓⲏⲗ • ⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩ ⲧⲁϫⲣⲟ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲡⲟⲗⲁⲓⲙⲟⲥ • ⲁⲩⲧⲁⲙⲟⲓ ϫⲉ ⲁ ⲡⲉⲕⲗⲏⲣⲟⲥ ⲛ̄ ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ ⲧⲱⲙⲛ︦ⲧ̄ ⲉ\nⲙⲓⲭⲁⲏⲗ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁⲩϯ ⲛ̄ ⲕⲗⲁⲩⲇⲓⲟⲥ ϩⲱⲱϥ ⲉ ⲧⲟⲟⲧϥ̄\nⲛ̄ ⲅⲁⲃⲣⲓⲏⲗ • ⲁⲩⲱ ϯⲡⲓⲥⲧⲉⲩⲉ ⲡⲁ ϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ ϫⲉ\nⲥⲉⲛⲁⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲍⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲟⲩ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲩⲙⲟⲩ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲡⲉⲩⲱⲛϩ̄ • Ⲉⲓⲧⲁ ⲙⲛ︦ⲛ︦ⲥⲁ ⲛⲁⲓ | ⲁⲩⲉⲓ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲕⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ • ⲙ̄\nⲡⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ ⲉⲧ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲩ ϩⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲛⲟϭ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲁⲉⲓⲟ̄ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲛⲟϭ\nⲉⲛ ⲉⲟⲟⲩ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲥⲛⲁⲩ • ⲛ̄ϭⲓ ⲛⲉⲡⲉⲧ ⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ ϣⲁ ϩⲣⲁⲓ̈\nⲛ̄ ϫⲟⲓ̈ ⲛ̄ⲧⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲉⲣⲟ • ⲁⲩⲥϩⲁⲓ̈ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲩⲣⲁⲛ ⲉϫⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲩⲗⲁⲃⲱ\nϩⲱⲥ ⲡⲟⲗⲏⲙⲁⲣⲭⲏⲥ ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛ̄ϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲣ︤ⲣ︥ⲟ • Ⲁⲛⲉⲩⲉⲓ̈ⲟⲧⲉ\nⲧⲁⲙⲓ̈ⲟ ⲛⲁⲩ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲙⲁⲛⲓ̈ⲁⲕⲓⲥ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲟⲩⲃ • ⲉ ⲡⲟⲩⲁ̄ ⲁⲩⲱ\nⲁⲩϯ ⲛⲁⲩ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩϣⲟ̄ • ¹ ⲛ̄ϩⲙ̄ϩⲁⲗ • ⲉ ⲡⲟⲩⲁ ⲉⲣⲉ ϩⲉⲛⲕⲉⲛⲟⲡⲓ̈ⲟⲛ ⲛ̄ ⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ϩⲓ̈ ϫⲱⲟⲩ • ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲥⲛⲁⲩ • ⲉⲩⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲉ\nⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲩⲉⲣⲏⲩ • ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲉ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲭⲁⲣⲓ̈ⲥ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲧⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲥⲁⲃⲉ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲡⲓⲥⲧⲏⲙⲉⲓ̈ • ⲉⲛⲉ ⲁⲩϯ ⲧⲱϣ ⲉ ϩⲱⲧⲣ̄ ⲛ̄\nⲧⲥⲱⲛⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲑⲉⲱ̄ⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲁⲡⲁ ⲕⲗⲁⲩϯⲟⲥ • ⲁⲩⲱ |\nⲑⲉⲱⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ ⲡⲁⲛⲁⲧⲟⲗⲉⲩⲥ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲧⲥⲱⲛⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲁⲡⲁ ⲕⲗⲁⲩϯⲟⲥ • ⲧⲁⲣⲉ ⲡⲉⲓ̈ ⲅⲉⲛⲟⲥ ⲛ̄ ⲣ︤ⲣ︥ⲟ ⲧⲱⲙⲛ︤ⲧ︥ ⲉ ⲡⲉⲓ̈ ⲅⲉⲛⲟⲥ\nⲛ̄ ⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲡⲧⲁⲉⲓ̈ⲟ ϩⲓ̈ϫⲙ̄ ⲡⲧⲁⲉⲓ̈ⲟ̄ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲛⲟϭ • ϩⲓ̈ϫⲙ̄ ⲙ̄ ⲙⲛ︤ⲧ︥ⲛⲟϭ • ⲉⲟⲟⲩ ϩⲓ̈ϫⲛ̄ ⲉⲟⲟⲩ • ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ϫⲓ̈ⲛ\nⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲩⲛⲟⲩ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁ ⲡⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ ⲙ̄ ⲡϫⲟⲉⲓ̈ⲥ ϫⲱϩ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲟⲩ • ⲁϥϥⲓ̈ ⲙ̄ ⲡϫⲱϩⲙ̄ ⲛ̄ⲥⲁ ⲃⲟⲗ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲟⲩ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲧⲱⲗⲙ̄ ⲛⲓ̈ⲙ\nⲛ̄ⲧⲉ ⲡⲉⲓ̈ ⲕⲟⲥⲙⲟⲥ • ⲁⲩⲣ̄ ⲡⲱⲃϣ̄ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲅⲁⲙⲟⲥ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲡϫⲓ̈\nⲥϩⲓ̈ⲙⲉ • ⲁⲩⲣ̄ ϩⲓⲥⲓ̈ ⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ • Ϩⲱⲥ ⲇⲉ •","english":"the two archons of the palace of the king Christ, Michael and Gabriel, that they might strengthen them in the battle. They informed me that the clergy of Theodore had been joined to Michael, and they also gave Claudius himself into the hand of Gabriel. And I believe, my son Theodore, that they will be blessed in their death and in their life. Then after these things, they came out of the church on that day with great honor and great glory, the two of them, by the holy ones, up to the royal palace. They wrote their names on their labia as polemarchs and sons of the king. Their parents made for them a golden maniakis, each one, and they gave them a thousand servants, each one having royal cenopions upon them, the two of them, resembling each other in form and grace and wisdom and knowledge, as if they had bound together the sister of Theodore and Apa Claudius, and Theodore the Anatolian, and the sister of Apa Claudius, so that this royal race might be joined to that royal race, and honor upon honor, and greatness upon greatness, glory upon glory. But from the hour that the angel of the Lord touched their mouths, he took away the corruption from outside them and all the defilement of this world. They made the marriage and the taking of a wife into an angelic struggle.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The angel of the Lord (ⲡⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ ⲙ̄ ⲡϫⲟⲉⲓ̈ⲥ) here is a divine agent, not a human messenger; the phrase echoes Old Testament theophanies.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲉⲕⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ","severity":"info","text":"The church (ⲧⲉⲕⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ) is the building from which the holy ones emerge; the context rules out 'assembly' or 'institution'.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲙⲁⲛⲓⲁⲕⲓⲥ","severity":"info","text":"A maniakis (ⲙⲁⲛⲓⲁⲕⲓⲥ) is a golden neck ornament, often a torc or collar, associated with military or courtly honor in late antique and Byzantine contexts.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲕⲉⲛⲟⲡⲓⲟⲛ","severity":"info","text":"Cenopions (ⲕⲉⲛⲟⲡⲓⲟⲛ) are likely royal standards or banners; the term is rare and may derive from Greek καινόπιον, but the exact referent is uncertain.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The passage shifts from a vision report to a narrative of public honor and marriage, then to an ascetic turn: the angel removes corruption, and marriage becomes an angelic struggle (ϩⲓⲥⲓ ⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ).","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲗⲁⲃⲱ","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic ⲗⲁⲃⲱ (labia) is ambiguous: it may mean 'lips' or 'garments'; the English draft takes it as 'labia' (lips), but the sense 'they wrote their names on their garments' is also possible.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["ⲗⲁⲃⲱ: could be 'lips' or 'garments'; the reading 'labia' follows the draft but is uncertain.","ⲕⲉⲛⲟⲡⲓⲟⲛ: the exact meaning is unclear; 'royal standards' is a plausible guess.","The identity of 'the sister of Theodore' and 'the sister of Apa Claudius' is not explained in the surviving text."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ","text":"ⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ → “angel”. Greek ἄγγελος; 'messenger' only where a human envoy is meant (rare in this corpus)."},{"kind":"homonym","severity":"caution","term":"ⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ","text":"ⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ carries more than one sense (messenger); this passage takes it as “angel”. The choice is the translator's, not a lexical given."}]},{"i":22,"ref":"p22","source":"ⲉϣϫⲉ ϩⲉⲛⲥⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲣ ⲛⲉ • ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲓ̈ ⲧⲟⲟⲧⲟⲩ ⲛ︦ⲛ︦ⲣⲱⲙⲉ • ϫⲓ̈ⲛ ⲙ̄\nⲡⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ ⲉⲧ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲩ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉ ⲛⲉⲡⲉⲧ ⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ ⲃⲱⲕ ⲉ ⲥⲓ̈ⲟⲟⲩⲛ\nⲉ ⲧⲣⲉ ⲩϫⲱⲕⲙ̄ ⲛ̄ϩⲏⲧⲥ̄ • ⲟⲩⲇⲉ ⲙ̄ⲡ ⲟⲩ|ⲕⲁⲁⲩ ⲕⲁ ϩⲏⲩ • ⲉⲣⲉ ⲛ̄ ϩⲏⲕⲉ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲓⲭⲏⲣⲁ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲛⲟⲣ̄ⲫⲁⲛⲟⲥ ⲡⲣⲟⲥⲅⲁⲣⲧⲏⲣⲉⲓ̈ ⲉ ⲧⲉⲓ ϩⲓ̈ⲏ̄ ⲉⲧ ⲉⲣⲉ ⲛⲉⲡⲉⲧ ⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ ⲛⲏⲩ\nⲛ̄ϩⲏⲧⲥ̄ • Ⲉⲩϫⲓ ⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲛⲁ̄ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲓ ⲧⲟⲟⲧⲟⲩ ⲛ̄ ⲡⲉⲩϩⲙ̄ⲟⲁⲗ • Ⲉⲣⲉ ⲛⲉⲩϫⲓ̈ⲥⲟⲟⲩⲉ ϯ ⲛⲁⲩ ⲉⲩϯ ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲧ ϣⲁⲁⲧ ϩⲛ̄\nⲛⲉⲓ̈ ϩⲓ̈ⲟⲟⲩⲉ • ⲛⲉⲣⲉ ⲛⲉⲩⲁⲛⲛⲱⲛⲛⲁ ⲉⲓⲣⲉ ⲉⲛ ⲟⲩϣⲟ ⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲙⲓⲥⲙⲁ̄ ⲉ ⲡⲟⲩⲁ̄ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲁⲗⲗⲁϯⲟⲛ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ⲙ̄ⲡⲉ\nⲛⲉⲡⲉⲧ ⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ ⲉⲡⲉⲓⲑⲩⲙⲉⲓ̈ ⲉⲩⲁⲣⲓⲥⲧⲱⲛ ⲉⲛⲉϩ • Ⲉⲣⲉ\nϩⲉⲛⲙⲟⲩⲙⲕⲟⲩⲙ̄¹ ⲙⲛ̄ ϩⲉⲛⲥⲏϥⲉ ⲛ̄ϫⲱ ⲛ̄ϩⲏⲧϥ̄ • ⲙ̄ⲡ\nⲟⲩⲙⲉⲣⲉ ⲟⲩⲙⲁ ⲛ̄ ⲑⲉ︦ⲱ︦ⲣⲉⲓ̈ ⲉⲛⲉϩ • ⲙ̄ⲡ ⲟⲩⲙⲏⲣⲉ ⲙⲁ ⲛ̄\nϫⲱ | ⲛ̄ⲟⲣⲅⲁⲛⲟⲛ ⲉⲛⲉϩ • Ⲙ̄ⲡ ⲟⲩⲉⲡⲓ̈ⲑⲏⲙⲉⲓ̈ ⲉⲩⲡⲁⲗⲗⲁⲕⲏ\nⲉⲛⲉϩ • Ⲟⲩⲇⲉ ⲙ̄ⲡ ⲟⲩϭⲱϣⲧ̄ ⲉⲛⲥⲱⲟⲩ ⲉ ⲡⲧⲏⲣϥ̄ • ϩⲱⲥ\nϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲣ︤ⲣ︥ⲟ • ⲙ̄ⲡ ⲟⲩⲉⲡⲓⲑⲩⲙⲉⲓ̈ ⲉ ⲡϣⲟⲩϣⲟⲩ ⲛ̄ⲧⲉ ⲡⲉⲓ̈\nⲕⲟⲥⲙⲟⲥ ⲉⲛⲉϩ • Ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ⲉⲩϣⲟⲟⲡ ϩⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲕⲁⲧⲁⲥⲧⲁⲥⲓ̈ⲥ\nⲙⲛ̄ ϩⲉⲛⲯⲁⲗⲙⲟⲥ ⲙⲛ̄ ϩⲉⲛϣⲗⲏⲗ ϩⲛ̄ ϩⲉⲛⲟⲩϣⲏ ⲛ̄\nⲣ̄ⲟⲉⲓ̈ⲥ • ⲉⲩϣⲁⲛⲉⲡⲉⲑⲩⲙⲉⲓ̈ ⲉ ϩⲉⲛϩⲃⲏ︦ⲩ︦ⲉ︦ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲟⲗⲉⲙⲟⲥ\nϣⲁⲩϫⲓ ⲙ̄ ⲡϫⲱⲱⲙⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲁⲗⲉⲝⲁⲛⲇⲣⲟⲥ ⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲱϣ ⲛ̄ϩⲏⲧϥ̄\nⲉⲩⲥⲟⲗⲥⲗ̄ ⲛⲁⲩ • ⲛⲉⲓ̈ ⲡⲉⲧ ⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ ⲇⲉ ⲁⲩⲣ̄ ⲙⲛ̄ⲧⲏ\nⲛ̄ⲣⲟⲙⲡⲉ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡϣⲟⲩϣⲟⲩ ⲛ̄ⲧⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲉⲣⲟ • ϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲩⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲕⲟⲩⲓ̈ ⲉⲛⲉⲣⲉ ⲛⲁ ⲧⲧⲁⲝⲓ̈ⲥ | ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲙⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲟⲩ ⲛ̄ⲑⲉ\nⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ ⲛ̄ⲧⲉ ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ • ⲉ ⲧⲃⲉ ⲧⲉⲩⲁⲛⲁⲥⲧⲣⲁⲫⲏ\nⲉⲧ ⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩⲥ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲡⲉⲩⲃⲓ̈ⲟⲥ ⲛ̄ ⲥⲩⲙⲛⲟⲛ • ϩⲱⲥ ⲇⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲉ\nⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲣⲥⲟⲥ ⲥⲱⲧⲙ̄ ⲉ ⲡⲉⲩⲣⲁⲛ ⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲣ̄ ϣⲡⲏⲣⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲟⲩ •","english":"If they were prisoners, they were released from the hands of men. From that day, the saints did not go to the south to be troubled in it, nor did they leave them behind. The poor, the widows, and the orphans were attached to this path by which the saints came, receiving mercy from the hands of their fellow servants. Their neighbors gave them what was lacking in these ways. Their annonae made a full distribution of provisions to each one in the palace of the king. The saints did not desire an eternal banquet. There were mummified corpses and swords of iron in it. They did not love a place of spectacle forever. They did not bind a place of organs forever. They did not desire a change forever. Nor did they look at the flocks at all, as children of a king. They did not desire the glory of this world forever. But they were in a state of stability with psalms and prayers in nightly vigils. If they desired the works of war, they would take the book of Alexander and read from it, and it would comfort them. These saints, however, spent thirty years in the glory of the kingdom. In their youth, all the ranks loved them like an angel of God, because of their good conduct and their monastic life. But when the Persians heard their name, they marveled at them.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The phrase ⲛ̄ⲑⲉ ⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ ⲛ̄ⲧⲉ ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ('like an angel of God') uses the Greek loanword ⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ for a heavenly being, not a human messenger.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ","severity":"info","text":"ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ (with definite article) names the Christian God, as in the phrase 'angel of God'.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁⲗⲉⲝⲁⲛⲇⲣⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The 'book of Alexander' (ⲡϫⲱⲱⲙⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲁⲗⲉⲝⲁⲛⲇⲣⲟⲥ) likely refers to the Alexander Romance, a popular Hellenistic text read for edification and comfort in monastic milieux.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲉⲣⲥⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Persians (ⲡⲉⲣⲥⲟⲥ) are mentioned as external figures who marvel at the saints; this reflects the historical context of Sasanian Persian incursions into Roman Syria, relevant to the encomium's setting.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲛⲉⲓ̈ ⲡⲉⲧ ⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ","severity":"info","text":"The passage shifts from a general description of the saints' ascetic practices to a specific chronological note: 'These saints spent thirty years in the glory of the kingdom', marking a narrative transition.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ϩⲉⲛⲙⲟⲩⲙⲕⲟⲩⲙ̄","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic ϩⲉⲛⲙⲟⲩⲙⲕⲟⲩⲙ̄ is obscure; the English draft renders 'mummified corpses', but the reading is uncertain and may reflect a textual corruption or a rare term.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase ϩⲉⲛⲙⲟⲩⲙⲕⲟⲩⲙ̄ is unclear; the translation 'mummified corpses' is tentative.","The clause ⲉⲣⲉ ⲛⲉⲩϫⲓ̈ⲥⲟⲟⲩⲉ ϯ ⲛⲁⲩ ⲉⲩϯ ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲧ ϣⲁⲁⲧ could be read as 'their neighbors gave them what was lacking' or 'their neighbors gave them to give what was lacking'; the English draft takes the former."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":23,"ref":"p23","source":"Ϩⲣⲁⲓ̈ ⲇⲉ ϩⲛ̄ ⲛⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ ⲉⲧ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲩ • ⲁⲩⲡⲟⲗⲩⲙⲟⲥ ϣⲱⲡⲉ\nϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲙⲏⲏⲧⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲣⲥⲟⲥ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲛⲉϩⲣⲱⲙⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲥ • ⲉ ⲧⲃⲉ\nϩⲉⲛⲉϫⲏⲩ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩϣⲟⲗⲟⲩ ϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲉϩⲓ̈ⲏ̄ • ⲗⲟⲓ̈ⲡⲟⲛ ⲁⲩⲛⲟϭ\nⲛ̄ ⲧⲓ̈ ⲧⲱⲛ ϣⲱⲡⲉ ϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲩⲙⲏⲏⲧⲉ • ⲥⲭⲉⲇⲱⲛ ⲇⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲉ\nϩⲁϩ ⲛ̄ⲣⲱⲙⲉ ⲙⲟⲩ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲡⲟⲗⲩⲙⲟⲥ ⲉⲧ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲩ • ⲁ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ\nⲛ̄ ⲛⲉϩⲣⲱⲙⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲥ ϫⲟⲟⲩ • ⲙ̄ⲡⲉϥ|ⲧⲣⲁⲧⲉⲩⲙⲁ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲧⲟⲓ̈ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲡⲉϥϣⲏⲣⲉ • ⲙ̄ⲙⲓ̈ⲛ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲡⲉϥⲙⲏⲏϣⲉ ⲡⲡⲟⲗⲩⲙⲟⲥ • ⲛⲉⲣⲉ ⲥⲱⲧⲏⲣⲓ̈ⲭⲟⲥ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲡⲁⲗⲗⲁⲧⲓ̈ⲟⲛ ⲙⲛ̄\nⲡⲉϥϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲑⲉⲱⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ • ϫⲉ ⲛⲉⲩⲱ̄ ⲛ̄ϩⲟⲧ ⲉ ⲡⲉⲑⲣⲟⲛⲟⲥ\nⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲱⲟⲩ • ⲉⲓ̈ⲧⲁ ⲙⲛ︦ⲛ︦ⲥⲁ ⲛⲁⲓ̈ ⲁ ⲡⲟⲗⲩⲙⲟⲥ ⲥⲛⲁⲩ\nⲧⲱⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ ⲉⲛⲉⲩⲉⲣⲏⲩ ϩⲓ̈ϫⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲓ̈ⲉⲣⲟ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲛⲟⲃⲓ̈ⲥ • ⲁ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ⲛ̄ⲛⲉϩⲣⲱⲙⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲥ ϫⲟⲟⲥ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϥⲙⲏⲏϣⲉ • ϫⲉ ⲛⲧⲟⲥ ⲛⲓ̈ⲙ\nⲉⲧⲉ ⲧⲛ̄ϣⲁⲛϥⲓ̈ⲧⲟⲩ ϩⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ϣⲟⲗⲉⲥ ⲛ̄ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲣⲥⲟⲥ • ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ︦ⲟ︦\nⲛ̄ ϫⲟⲉⲓ̈ⲥ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲟⲩ • ϩⲱⲙⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲥ (sic) ⲟⲛ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲛ̄ ⲙ̄|ⲡⲉⲣⲥⲟⲥ\nⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲧⲉⲓ̈ ϩⲉ • ⲗⲟⲓ̈ⲡⲟⲛ ⲁⲩⲧⲱⲙⲛ︤ⲧ︥ ⲉⲛⲉⲩⲉⲣⲏⲩ ϩⲛ̄\nⲟⲩⲙⲉ ⲉϥⲟⲩⲟϣⲥ̄ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ⲉⲙⲁⲧⲉ • ⲁⲩⲣ̄ ϩⲙⲉ ⲛ̄ϩⲟⲟⲩ","english":"Now in those days, a war broke out between the Persians and the Romans because of some ships that they had seized on the road. Then a great disturbance arose among them. Nearly many men died in that war. The king of the Romans sent his army of soldiers, along with his own son, and his multitude of the war. Soterichus was in the palace with his son Theodore, for they were in fear of the throne of the kings. After these things, the two wars joined together on the river of the Abyss. The king of the Romans said to his multitude, \"Who are they that we might take them in the ships of the Persians, that we might be lords over them?\" Likewise also the king of the Persians in the same way. Then they joined together in a very fierce battle for many days.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲟⲗⲩⲙⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Greek loanword ⲡⲟⲗⲩⲙⲟⲥ (πόλεμος) is used for 'war' or 'battle', a common term in Coptic military narratives.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲥⲱⲧⲏⲣⲓ̈ⲭⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"Soterichus (ⲥⲱⲧⲏⲣⲓ̈ⲭⲟⲥ) is a personal name, likely a historical or legendary figure, father of Theodore of Antioch.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲉⲓ̈ⲉⲣⲟ","severity":"info","text":"ⲡⲉⲓ̈ⲉⲣⲟ (the river) is modified by ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲛⲟⲃⲓ̈ⲥ, which the English draft renders 'of the Abyss'. The Coptic phrase likely means 'the river of the abyss', a mythological or symbolic location.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"external","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The conflict between the Roman and Persian empires is a recurring theme in hagiographical narratives, often serving as a backdrop for the martyrdom of saints like Theodore.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage is a narrative unit describing the outbreak of war and the involvement of Soterichus and Theodore, leading to a climactic battle on the river.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ϩⲱⲙⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲥ","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic ϩⲱⲙⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲥ (sic) is likely a scribal error for ⲟⲙⲟⲓ̈ⲱⲥ (ὁμοίως, 'likewise'), as the context and English draft suggest.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲛⲟⲃⲓ̈ⲥ is ambiguous: it could mean 'of the abyss' or be a proper name; the English draft takes it as 'of the Abyss'.","The identity of the 'king of the Romans' and 'king of the Persians' is not specified; they may be generic or historical figures."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":24,"ref":"p24","source":"ⲉⲩⲥⲕⲉⲡⲧⲉ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲩⲉⲣⲏⲩ ϩⲓ̈ϫⲛ̄ ⲡⲉⲓ̈ⲉⲣⲟ̄ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲛⲟⲩⲃⲓ̈ⲥ • ⲉⲩϯϩⲣⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲩⲧⲃ̄ⲛⲟⲟⲩⲉ ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧ ⲟⲩⲙⲓ̈ϣⲉ ⲁⲩⲥⲙⲓ̈ⲛⲉ\nⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲩⲕⲣⲟϥ • ⲉ ⲧⲃⲉ ⲑⲉ ⲛⲉⲣ ⲡⲟⲗⲩⲙⲟⲥ • Ⲁ ⲡⲇⲓ̈ⲁⲃⲟⲗⲟⲥ ⲇⲉ ⲡⲙⲟⲥⲧⲉ ⲡⲉⲧ ⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϥ ⲛⲓⲙ • ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣⲉ ϥⲛⲁⲩ\nϫⲉ ⲙ̄ⲡ ⲟⲩⲙⲓ̈ϣⲉ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲩⲉⲣⲏⲩ • ⲁϥⲃⲱⲕ ⲉ ϩⲟⲩⲛ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲣⲥⲟⲥ • ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲥⲙⲟⲧ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩϥⲁⲓ̈ϣⲓ̈ⲛⲉ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲉ ⲛⲉϩⲣⲱⲙⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲥ • ⲁϥⲕⲁⲧⲏⲕⲟⲣⲉⲓ̈ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲡⲉϥⲙⲏⲏϣⲉ • Ⲉϥϫⲱ\nⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲙⲟⲟⲥ ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ︦ⲣ︦ ⲟⲩ • ⲉ ⲧⲙ̄ ⲙⲓ̈ϣⲉ ⲙⲛ̄\nⲛⲉ|ⲧⲛ̄ⲉⲣⲏⲩ • ⲉⲣⲉ ⲛⲉϩⲣⲱⲙⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲥ • ⲥⲱϣ ⲙ̄ⲙⲱⲧⲛ̄ • ⲙⲛ̄\nⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲙⲏⲏϣⲉ • ⲉⲩⲙⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲉⲣⲱⲧⲛ̄ ϫⲉ ⲡϩⲉⲑⲛⲟⲥ • ⲛ̄ⲁⲧ\nⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ • ⲉⲩⲥⲱϣ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ • ⲡⲣⲏ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲡⲟⲟϩ • ϫⲉ\nϩⲉⲛⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲁⲛ ⲛⲉ • ⲉⲩϯ ⲧⲱϣ ⲉ ϣⲱϥ ⲛ̄ⲧⲛ̄ⲡⲟⲗⲓ̈ⲥ • ⲉ ⲣⲱⲕϩ̄ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲟⲩ • ⲉⲁⲁ︦ⲩ︦ ⲛ ϫⲁⲓ̈ⲉ̄ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛ̄ⲥⲉϣⲟⲣϣⲉⲣ\nⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲧⲛ︦ⲣ︦ⲡⲉ̄ • ⲛⲥⲉⲁ̄ⲙⲁϩⲧⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲧⲛ︦ⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ⲛ̄ⲥⲉ ⲁⲁϥ ⲛ̄\nϩⲙ̄ϩⲁⲗ ϩⲁ ⲣⲁⲧⲟⲩ • Ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ϯⲥⲟⲟⲩⲛ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲟⲩ • ϫⲉ\nϩⲉⲡⲣⲱⲙⲉ • ⲛ̄ⲁⲧ ϩⲙⲟⲧ ⲛⲉ • ⲉⲓ̈ⲥ ⲛⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲓ̈ⲥⲱⲧⲙ̄ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲟⲩ\nⲁⲓ̈ϫⲟⲟⲩ ⲉⲣⲱⲧⲛ̄ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϣⲁⲛⲁⲛⲓ̈ⲭⲉ • ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲟⲩ • ⲉ ⲧⲙ̄ ⲙⲟⲟⲩⲧⲟⲩ • ⲥⲉⲛⲁⲧⲱⲟⲩⲛ ⲛ̄ϩⲏⲧⲟⲩ ⲛ̄ϭⲓ | ϩⲉⲛⲣⲱⲙⲉ\nⲛ̄ϫⲱⲱⲣⲉ • ⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲑⲗⲓ̈ⲃⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲱⲧⲛ̄ • ⲉ ⲡⲉϩⲟⲩⲟ̄ • ⲉⲓ̈ⲥ ⲟⲩⲅⲉⲛⲓ̈ⲁ • ⲁⲥⲉⲓ̈ ⲉ ϩⲣⲁⲓ̈ ⲛ̄ϩⲏⲧⲟⲩ ⲉϣⲁⲥϫⲣⲟ ⲉ ⲡⲉϩⲟⲩⲟ ⲉ\nⲡⲉϩⲟⲩⲟ (sic) ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲡⲟⲗⲩⲙⲟⲥ • ⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲁϫⲱ ⲉⲣⲱⲧⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲩⲣⲁⲛ • ⲡⲛⲟϭ ⲉⲧ ⲛ̄ϩⲏⲧⲟⲩ ⲡⲉ ⲑⲉⲱⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ ⲡⲁⲛⲁⲧⲟⲗⲉⲩⲥ\nⲟⲩϩⲣⲟⲟⲩ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲩⲓ̈ ⲡⲉ • ⲡϣⲁϫⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉϥⲧⲁⲡⲣⲟ • ⲟⲩⲕⲱϩⲧ̄\nⲉϥⲙⲟⲩϩ ⲡⲉ ⲧⲉϥⲥⲏϥⲉ • ⲉϥⲙⲓ̈ϣⲉ ⲛ̄ϩⲏⲧⲥ̄ ϩⲱ ⲉⲣⲱⲧⲛ̄\nⲉ ⲡⲉⲧ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲩ • ⲉϥϣⲁⲛⲣ̄ ⲛⲟϭ •","english":"They were encamped with each other along the river, at the place called Nobis. They were giving fodder to their animals, not yet having a battle. They prepared their treachery concerning the manner of the war. But the devil, the enemy of all that is good, when he saw that they had not yet fought with each other, he went into the Persian camp in the form of a Roman soldier. He accused the king and his multitude, saying, \"Why do you sit doing nothing, not fighting with each other? The Romans are mocking you and your multitude, calling you a godless nation. They are mocking your gods, the sun and the moon, saying they are not gods. They are threatening to burn your city and make it a desert, and they will destroy your temples, and they will seize your king and make him a slave at their feet. I know them, that they are men without grace. Behold, what I have heard of them I have told you. And if you overcome them without killing them, strong men will arise from among them and will oppress you all the more. Behold, a certain family has come among them that will prevail greatly in the war. I will tell you their names. The great one among them is Theodore the Easterner. He is a roaring lion. The word of his mouth is a fire filled with his sword. He fights with it against you there. If he becomes great...","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲡⲇⲓⲁⲃⲟⲗⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Greek loanword ⲡⲇⲓⲁⲃⲟⲗⲟⲥ (diabolos) is the standard Coptic term for the devil, here explicitly identified as 'the enemy of all that is good' (ⲡⲙⲟⲥⲧⲉ ⲡⲉⲧ ⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϥ ⲛⲓⲙ).","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲡϩⲉⲑⲛⲟⲥ ⲛⲁⲧⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'godless nation' (ⲡϩⲉⲑⲛⲟⲥ ⲛⲁⲧⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ) combines the Greek loanword ⲉⲑⲛⲟⲥ (nation) with the negative prefix ⲁⲧ- and ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ (God), a standard Christian polemic against pagans.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ϩⲙⲟⲧ","severity":"info","text":"The devil describes the Romans as 'men without grace' (ⲣⲱⲙⲉ ⲛⲁⲧ ϩⲙⲟⲧ), using ϩⲙⲟⲧ (grace) in its theological sense of unearned divine favour, contrasting with the Persian accusation of godlessness.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲛⲟⲩⲃⲓⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The place name Nobis (ⲛⲟⲩⲃⲓⲥ) is otherwise unattested in this context; it may be a toponym from the Persian-Roman war narrative, possibly a corruption or a local site in the homily's legendary geography.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage is a narrative unit where the devil, disguised as a Roman soldier, incites the Persian king against the Romans, introducing Theodore as a future champion. The speech uses rhetorical questions and threats to escalate conflict.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲉϥϣⲁⲛⲣ̄ ⲛⲟϭ","severity":"caution","text":"The final clause 'If he becomes great' (ⲉϥϣⲁⲛⲣ̄ ⲛⲟϭ) is incomplete; the sentence breaks off, likely due to a lacuna in the manuscript or a scribal omission. The sense is that Theodore's rise would lead to Persian defeat.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The place name Nobis (ⲛⲟⲩⲃⲓⲥ) is uncertain; it may be a toponym or a textual corruption.","The devil's speech is presented as direct discourse, but its exact historical referent (if any) is unclear.","The final sentence is truncated, leaving Theodore's role unresolved in this passage."],"confidence":"high","notes":[{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲉⲑⲛⲟⲥ","text":"ⲉⲑⲛⲟⲥ → “nation”. Greek ἔθνος. In the plural, the Gentiles as a category over against Israel; in the singular, a nation like any other."},{"kind":"homonym","severity":"caution","term":"ⲉⲑⲛⲟⲥ","text":"ⲉⲑⲛⲟⲥ carries more than one sense (Gentile, people); this passage takes it as “nation”. The choice is the translator's, not a lexical given."},{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ϩⲙⲟⲧ","text":"ϩⲙⲟⲧ → “grace”. The unearned favour of God; 'favour' where a human patron is meant."}]},{"i":25,"ref":"p25","source":"ⲉ ϣⲁϥⲑⲗⲓ̈ⲃⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲱⲧⲛ̄\nⲉ ⲡⲉϩⲟⲩⲟ • ⲕⲉ ⲟⲩⲁ ϫⲉ ⲕⲗⲁⲩϯⲟⲥ ⲟⲩϫⲱⲱⲣⲉ ⲡⲉ ⲉ ⲡⲉϩⲟⲩⲟ • ⲉϥϣⲁⲛⲣ̄ ⲛⲟϭ • ϣⲁϥⲑⲗⲓ̈ⲃⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲱⲧⲛ̄ ⲉ ⲡⲉϩⲟⲩⲟ • ⲕⲉ | ⲟⲩⲁ̄ ϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲥⲧⲟⲥ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲥⲧⲉⲫⲁⲛⲟⲥ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲇⲓ̈ⲟⲥⲕⲟⲣⲟⲥ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲣⲙ̄ ⲛ̄ ⲕⲏⲙⲉ ϫⲉ ⲑⲉⲱⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ • ⲡⲉⲥⲧⲣⲁⲧⲏⲗⲁⲧⲏⲥ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲕⲉ ⲟⲩⲁ̄ ϫⲉ ⲁⲡⲁ ⲡⲁⲧⲏⲣ • ⲟⲩϫⲱⲱⲣⲉ ⲡⲉ\nⲉ ⲡⲉϩⲟⲩⲟ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲕⲉ ⲟⲩⲁ̄ ϫⲉ ⲉⲩϩⲓ̈ⲟⲥ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲧ ⲙⲛ︤ⲛ︥ⲥⲱⲟⲩ • Ⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩ ϭⲉ • ⲧⲱⲕ ⲙ̄ⲙⲱⲧⲛ̄ • ⲉ ⲛⲓ̈ ⲣⲱⲙⲉ • ⲛ̄ϫⲱⲱⲣⲉ • ⲛ̄ⲧ ⲁⲓ̈ϫⲟⲟⲥ ⲛⲏⲧⲛ̄ ⲉ ⲧⲃⲏⲏⲧⲟⲩ • Ⲁⲩⲱ ϩⲛ̄\nⲛⲉⲓ̈ ϣⲁϫⲉ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ • ⲛ̄ⲧ ⲁⲓ̈ϫⲟⲟⲩ ⲛⲏⲧⲛ̄ ⲉ ⲧⲃⲏⲏⲧⲟⲩ •","english":"He troubles you exceedingly. And another, Claudius, is very strong. If he becomes great, he troubles you exceedingly. And another, Eustos, with Stephen and Dioscorus, and an Egyptian named Theodore, the general, and another, Apa Pater, is very strong. And another, Eusebius, and those with them. Now then, attach yourselves to these strong men whom I have told you about. And in all these words that I have spoken to you about them.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"sense","kind":"sense","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The devil, disguised as a Roman soldier, addresses the Persian king, listing Roman commanders and urging him to attack them.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲡⲁ ⲡⲁⲧⲏⲣ","severity":"info","text":"Apa Pater: 'Apa' is a monastic title, left untranslated to avoid confusion with biological father.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲟⲩϫⲱⲱⲣⲉ","severity":"info","text":"ⲟⲩϫⲱⲱⲣⲉ (oujōre) means 'strong' or 'mighty'; here it describes each commander's martial prowess.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"background","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The list of commanders (Claudius, Eustos, Stephen, Dioscorus, Theodore, Apa Pater, Eusebius) reflects a hagiographic tradition that associates these figures with the Roman army in the East.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The passage is a direct speech by the devil, using a repetitive rhetorical pattern ('And another... is very strong') to build a list of threats.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲉⲩϩⲓ̈ⲟⲥ","severity":"caution","text":"The name ⲉⲩϩⲓ̈ⲟⲥ (Eusebius) is uncertain; the Coptic may be a variant or scribal error for a different name.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of 'Eusebius' (ⲉⲩϩⲓ̈ⲟⲥ) is unclear; it may be a corruption or a different saint.","The phrase 'those with them' (ⲛⲉⲧ ⲙⲛ︤ⲛ︥ⲥⲱⲟⲩ) is vague, possibly referring to other unnamed soldiers or companions."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":26,"ref":"p26","source":"ⲁⲩⲱ ϩⲛ̄ ⲛⲉϣⲁϫⲉ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ • ⲛ̄ⲕⲁⲧⲏⲕⲟⲣⲉⲓ̈ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥϫⲟⲟⲩ\nⲛ̄ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲣⲥⲟⲥ • ⲁϥϩⲟⲡϥ̄ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲟⲩ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁϥϣⲃ̄ⲃⲧ̄ ⲡⲉϥⲥⲙⲟⲧ • ⲁϥⲉⲓ̈ | ϣⲁ ⲛⲉⲓ̈ ⲕⲟⲟⲩⲉ • ⲁϥϫⲓ̈ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲥⲙⲟⲧ ⲛ̄\nⲟⲩϥⲁⲓ̈ϣⲓ̈ⲛⲉ • ⲛ̄ⲧ ⲛ̄ⲡⲏⲣⲥⲟⲥ (sic) • ⲁϥⲧⲁⲕⲉ ⲡϩⲏⲧ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲓ̈\nⲕⲟⲟⲩⲉ • ϫⲉ ⲛⲁⲓ̈ ⲛⲉⲧ ⲉⲣⲉ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲣⲥⲟⲥ ϫⲱ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲟⲩ • ϫⲉ\nⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲕⲟⲧⲛ̄ ⲉ ⲡⲁϩⲟⲩ ⲁⲛ • ϣⲁⲛⲧ ⲛ̄ϣⲱⲗ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉϩⲣⲱⲙⲁⲛⲓ̈ⲁ\nⲧⲏⲣⲥ̄ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲛ︤ϫⲓ̈ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲥⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ⲉ ⲧⲛ̄ⲭⲱⲣⲁ ⲉⲁⲥⲙⲟⲛⲧ̄ ⲉ\nⲡⲉϥⲕⲗⲁⲗ ⲛ̄ⲑⲉ ⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲟⲩϩⲟⲟⲣ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲛ︤ⲣ︥ ⲛⲉϥϣⲏⲣⲉ ϩⲙ̄ϩⲁⲗ • ⲉ ⲧⲛ̄ⲉⲣⲅⲁⲥⲓⲁ ⲛ̄ⲑⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲁ ⲧⲃⲁⲃⲩⲗⲱⲛ • ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣⲉ ϥϫⲉ\nⲛⲁⲓ̈ ⲇⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲓ̈ ⲕⲟⲟⲩⲉ • ⲁϥϩⲟⲡϥ̄ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲟⲩ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁϥϩⲙⲟⲟⲥ ϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲙⲏⲏⲧⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲙ̄ⲗⲁϩ ⲥⲛⲁⲩ ⲡⲁ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲣⲥⲟⲥ • ⲙⲛ̄ | ⲡⲁ ⲛⲉⲓ̈ ϩⲣⲱⲙⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲥ • ⲁϥⲛⲉϫ ϯⲧⲱⲛ ϩⲓ̈ ⲙⲛ︤ⲧ︥ϫⲁϫⲉ\nⲉ ⲧⲉⲩⲙⲏⲏⲧⲉ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲩⲉⲣⲏⲩ • Ⲡϣⲟⲣⲡ̄ ⲛ̄ⲥⲟⲡ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩⲙⲓ̈ϣⲉ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲩⲉⲣⲏⲩ • ⲁⲩⲙⲟⲩⲟⲩⲧ ⲙ̄ ⲙⲏⲧ ⲛ̄ϣⲟ\nⲛ̄ⲣⲱⲙⲉ • Ⲡⲙⲉϩ ⲥⲛⲁⲩ ⲛ̄ϩⲟⲟⲩ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩⲙⲓ̈ϣⲉ ⲁⲩⲙⲟⲩⲟⲩⲧ\nⲛ̄ ϫⲟⲩⲧⲟⲩⲉ ⲛ̄ϣⲟ̄ ⲛ̄ⲣⲱⲙⲉ • ϩⲛ̄ ⲧϣⲟⲣⲡ̄ ⲛ̄ⲣⲁϩⲧⲥ̄ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥϣⲱⲡⲉ • ⲁ ⲡⲉϩⲣⲱⲙⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲥ • ⲁⲙⲁϩⲧⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲙ̄\nⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲛ̄ ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲥⲟⲥ • ϩⲓ̈ϫⲛ̄ ⲡⲉϥϩⲁⲣⲙⲁ • Ⲁⲩⲱ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲙⲉϩ\nϣⲟⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ ⲛ̄ϩⲟⲟⲩ ⲁⲩϥⲓ̈ ⲙ̄ ⲡϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲛ̄ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲣⲥⲟⲥ\nⲁⲩⲡⲱⲧ • Ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁ ⲡⲙⲏⲏϣⲉ ⲧⲏⲣϥ̄ ϫⲱⲱⲣⲉ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲓⲧⲛ̄\nⲧⲣⲁϩⲧⲥ̄ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥϣⲱⲡⲉ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲧⲁϣⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲥⲛⲟϥ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩⲡⲁϩⲧⲟⲩ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲥⲱⲙⲁ • ⲉⲧ ⲛⲏϫ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ⲉⲧ\nⲙⲟⲟⲩⲧ • ⲉⲧⲗⲟⲙⲥ̄ • Ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁ ⲛⲉϩⲣⲱⲙⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲥ ⲱϣ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ • ϫⲉ ⲁⲛϥⲓ ⲙ̄ ⲡϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲣ︤ⲣ︥ⲟ ⲛ̄ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲣⲥⲟⲥ • ⲁⲩⲱ\nⲛⲉ ⲟⲩⲣⲁϣⲉ ⲉⲙⲁⲧⲉ • ⲁⲩⲉⲓ̈ ⲉϫⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲓ̈ⲉⲣⲟ̄ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲛⲟⲃⲓ̈ⲥ •","english":"And in all these words of the catechesis, which he spoke, the Persian hid himself in their mouths, and he changed his form. He came to these others, and he took the form of a wild beast, of the Persians, and he destroyed the heart of these others, saying, \"These are the ones whom the Persian speaks of, that we will not turn back until we have destroyed all of Romania, and taken its king, to our country, which is built like a wall around its fortress, like a locust, and we will make his children slaves, to our labor, like those of Babylon.\" When he said these things to these others, he hid himself in their mouths, and he sat in the midst of the two camps, that of the Persian and that of these Romans. He cast strife and enmity between them. The first time they fought with each other, they killed ten thousand men. The second day they fought, they killed fifteen thousand men. In the first battle that took place, the Roman seized the son of the king of the Persians on his chariot. And on the third day, they took the son of the king of the Persians and fled. And the entire multitude scattered abroad because of the battle that took place, and the flow of blood that was poured out, and the bodies that were cast out, dead and rotting. And the Romans cried out, \"We have taken the son of the king of the Persians!\" And there was great rejoicing. They came to the river of Tanobis.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲥⲱⲙⲁ","severity":"info","text":"The plural ⲛ̄ⲥⲱⲙⲁ refers to corpses, consistent with the glossary sense for martyrdom accounts.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"external","lemma":"ⲧⲁⲛⲟⲃⲓ̈ⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The river Tanobis is likely the Danube (Danubius), a common geographical reference in late antique Roman-Persian conflict narratives.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The passage shifts from a deceptive speech by the disguised Persian to a battle narrative, marked by the phrase Ⲡϣⲟⲣⲡ̄ ⲛ̄ⲥⲟⲡ (the first time).","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲛ̄ⲧ ⲛ̄ⲡⲏⲣⲥⲟⲥ","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase ⲛ̄ⲧ ⲛ̄ⲡⲏⲣⲥⲟⲥ (of the Persians) is a scribal error for ⲛ̄ⲧⲉ ⲛ̄ⲡⲉⲣⲥⲟⲥ; the English draft normalizes it.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"external","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The motif of a Persian taking the form of a wild beast to sow discord echoes apocalyptic traditions found in later Coptic homilies.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of 'these others' (ⲛⲉⲓ̈ ⲕⲟⲟⲩⲉ) is unclear; they may be Persian troops or neutral parties.","The river Tanobis may be the Danube or a local river; the text does not specify."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":27,"ref":"p27","source":"ⲉⲩⲛⲁϫⲱⲕⲙ̄ ⲛ̄ϭⲓ ⲛⲉϩⲣⲱⲙⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲥ ⲉ ⲧⲃⲉ ⲡϩⲓ̈ⲥⲉ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲡⲉⲥⲛⲟϥ ⲛ̄ⲛⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩⲙⲟⲟⲩⲧⲟⲩ • Ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣⲉ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲣⲥⲟⲥ\nϣⲓ̈ⲛⲉ ⲛ̄ⲥⲁ ⲡϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲩⲣ︤ⲣ︥ⲟ • ⲙ̄ⲡ ⲟⲩϩⲉ ⲉ ⲣⲟϥ ϩⲓ̈ϫⲛ̄\nⲡⲉϥϩⲁⲣⲙⲁ • ⲁⲩϣⲧⲟⲣⲧⲣ̄ ⲉⲙⲁⲧⲉ • ⲡⲉϫⲁⲩ ϫⲉ ⲛ︦ⲛ︦ ⲁϣ\nⲛ̄ ϩⲉ | ⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲁⲡⲟⲗⲟⲅⲓ̈ⲍⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϥⲉⲓ̈ⲱⲧ • ϩⲁⲣⲟϥ ϫⲉ ⲁⲩϥⲓ̈ⲧϥ̄ • Ⲉϣϫⲉ ϩⲁⲡⲥ̄ ⲡⲉ ⲉ ⲧⲣⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲙⲟⲩϩ ⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ϭⲓϫ ⲙ̄\nⲡⲉϥⲉⲓ̈ⲱⲧ • ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲛⲡⲱⲧ ⲛ̄ⲥⲁ ⲛⲉϩⲣⲱⲙⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲥ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲛ̄ϥⲓ̈\nⲙ̄ ⲡϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲛ︤ⲣ︦ⲣ︥ⲟ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲟⲟⲧⲟⲩ ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧ ⲛ̄ⲃⲱⲕ ⲉ ⲧⲛ̄ⲭⲁⲣⲁ (sic) Ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲩⲛⲟⲩ ⲁⲩⲡⲱⲧ ⲛ̄ⲥⲁ ⲛⲉϩⲣⲱⲙⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲥ","english":"The Romans were about to be filled with grief because of the suffering and the blood of those who had been killed. And when the Persian sought the son of their king, he did not find him upon his chariot. They were greatly troubled. They said, \"How shall we apologize to his father for him, because he was taken? If it is necessary to fill the hands of his father, let us pursue the Romans, and take the son of the king from their hands before he goes to the land of the Greeks.\" And immediately they pursued the Romans.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"sense","kind":"sense","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲉⲩⲛⲁϫⲱⲕⲙ̄ ⲛ̄ϭⲓ ⲛⲉϩⲣⲱⲙⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic phrase ⲉⲩⲛⲁϫⲱⲕⲙ̄ ⲛ̄ϭⲓ ⲛⲉϩⲣⲱⲙⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲥ is rendered 'the Romans were about to be filled with grief' but the verb ϫⲱⲕⲙ̄ more literally means 'to be filled' or 'to be completed'; the sense of grief is inferred from the context of suffering and blood.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲛ̄ⲧⲛ̄ϥⲓ̈ ⲙ̄ ⲡϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲛ︤ⲣ︦ⲣ︥ⲟ","severity":"info","text":"The phrase ⲡϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲛ︤ⲣ︦ⲣ︥ⲟ 'the son of the king' uses the honorific title ⲡⲛ︤ⲣ︦ⲣ︥ⲟ (ⲡⲣ̄ⲣⲟ) for 'king', a standard Coptic term for a ruler, here referring to the Roman emperor.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲛ̄ ⲧⲛ̄ⲭⲁⲣⲁ","severity":"info","text":"The phrase ⲛ̄ ⲧⲛ̄ⲭⲁⲣⲁ 'to the land of the Greeks' (with a scribal variant ⲭⲁⲣⲁ for ⲭⲱⲣⲁ) reflects the Coptic designation of the Byzantine or Roman territory as 'Greek land', a common usage in Coptic homilies of this period.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage continues the narrative sequence from the previous passage, where the Persian agent sows discord; here the Persian's search for the king's son and the Romans' panic drive the plot toward a pursuit, maintaining the homily's dramatic tension.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲛ̄ⲧⲛ̄ⲭⲁⲣⲁ","severity":"caution","text":"The spelling ⲭⲁⲣⲁ for ⲭⲱⲣⲁ 'land, country' is a scribal error or variant; the intended word is likely ⲭⲱⲣⲁ, as the context requires a geographical destination.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase ⲛ̄ⲧⲛ̄ϥⲓ̈ ⲙ̄ ⲡϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲛ︤ⲣ︦ⲣ︥ⲟ could be read as 'we take the son of the king' or 'let us take the son of the king'; the subjunctive sense is adopted here.","The identity of 'the son of the king' is not specified in this passage; it may refer to a historical figure or a narrative device."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":28,"ref":"p28","source":"ⲁⲩⲧⲁϩⲟⲟⲩ ϩⲓϫⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲓ̈ⲉⲣⲟ̄ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲛⲟⲃⲓ̈ⲥ • ⲉⲩⲱϣ ⲉϫⲓ̈ⲟⲟⲣ\nⲛⲥⲉⲃⲱⲕ • ⲉ ⲧⲉⲩⲭⲱⲣⲁ • Ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁⲙⲡⲉⲣⲥⲟⲥ ⲧⲁϩⲉ\nⲡϩⲁⲣⲙⲁ • ⲉⲧ ⲉⲣⲉ ⲕⲗⲁⲩϯⲟⲥ ⲧⲁⲗⲏⲩ ⲉ ⲣⲟϥ • ϩⲓ̈ ⲃⲟⲗ\nⲙ̄ ⲡⲙⲏⲏϣⲉ Ⲉⲣⲉ ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ︤ⲥⲟⲥ ⲙⲉⲉⲩⲉ ϫⲉ ⲡϣⲏⲣⲉ | ⲙ̄\nⲡⲉⲩⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲡⲉ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁⲩⲙⲓ̈ϣⲉ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲩⲉⲣⲏⲩ ⲛ̄ⲕⲉ ⲥⲟⲡ • ⲁⲩⲙⲟⲩⲟⲩⲧ ⲛ̄ ϯⲟⲩ ⲛ̄ϣⲟ ⲛ̄ⲣⲱⲙⲉ • ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲩⲙⲏⲏϣⲉ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁⲩϫⲣⲟ ⲉ ⲛⲉϩⲣⲱⲙⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲥ • ⲁⲩϥⲓ̈ ⲛ̄ ⲕⲗⲁⲩϯⲟⲥ\nⲁⲩⲡⲱⲧ ⲉ ⲧⲉⲩⲭⲱⲣⲁ • ⲛⲉⲣⲉ ⲛⲉϩⲣⲱⲙⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲥ ⲗⲩⲡⲉⲓ̈ • ϫⲉ ⲁϥϥⲓ̈ ⲙ̄ ⲡϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲩⲣ︤ⲣ︥ⲟ • ⲉⲣⲉ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲣⲥⲟⲥ ϩⲱⲟⲩ\nⲗⲩⲡⲉⲓ̈ • ϫⲉ ⲁⲩϥⲓ̈ ⲙ̄ ⲡϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲩⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ⲗⲟⲓ̈ⲡⲟⲛ\nⲁⲩϫⲓ̈ ⲛ̄ ⲕⲗⲁⲩϯⲟⲥ ⲉ ⲧⲉⲭⲱⲣⲁ ⲛ̄ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲣⲥⲟⲥ • ⲁⲩⲧⲁϩⲟϥ\nⲉ ⲣⲁⲧϥ̄ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲩⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ⲡⲉϫⲁⲩ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲡⲉⲛϫⲥ̄ ⲁⲩϥⲓ̈\nⲛ̄ⲕⲣⲁⲧⲱⲣ ⲡⲉⲕϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲛ̄ϫⲓ ⲛⲉⲕϫⲁϫⲉ • ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ⲉⲓ̈ⲥ ⲡϣⲏⲣⲉ\nⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲩⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ⲁⲛⲉⲛⲧϥ̄ ⲛⲁⲕ • Ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣⲉ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲁⲩ\nⲉ ⲕⲗⲁⲩϯⲟⲥ • ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲕ ⲡⲉ ⲡϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲙ\nⲡⲣ̄|ⲣ̄ⲟ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉϩⲣⲱⲙⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲥ • Ⲛⲉ ⲁ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲣ̄ ϣⲡⲏⲣⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ\nⲉ ⲧⲃⲉ ⲡⲉϥⲥⲁ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲧⲉϥⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲥⲁⲃⲉ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲧⲉϥⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲥⲡⲁⲑⲁⲣ[ⲓ]ⲟⲥ ⲉⲛⲉϥⲫⲱⲣⲉⲓ̈ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉϥϩⲃ̄ⲥⲱ ⲛ ⲉⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲕⲗⲁⲃⲧ̄\nⲛ̄ ⲧⲉϥⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲕⲟⲩⲓ̈ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁ ⲡⲉϥⲥⲙⲟⲧ ⲟⲩⲟⲛϩϥ̄ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ\nϫⲉ ⲟⲩϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲣ︤ⲣ︥ⲟ ⲡⲉ • ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲣ︤ⲣ︥ⲟ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲕ\nⲡⲉ ⲡϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ⲁϥⲟⲩⲱϣⲃ̄ ⲉϥϫⲱ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲛ̄\nⲟⲩⲟⲉⲓ̈ϣ ⲙⲉⲛ • ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲡⲉ ⲡϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉϩⲣⲱⲙⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲥ • ⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲟⲩ ⲇⲉ ϩⲱⲱϥ • ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲟⲩϩⲙ̄ϩⲁⲗ • ϩⲁ\nⲣⲁⲧϥ̄ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ⲉⲓ̈ⲥ ϩⲏⲏⲧⲉ ⲁⲓ̈ⲁϩⲉ ⲣⲁⲧ • ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϥ ⲙ̄ⲧⲟ\nⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ •","english":"They placed them on the bank of the river of their sin, crying out to cross over to go to their country. And the Persian reached the chariot where Claudius was bound to its side, outside the crowd. The Persians thought that he was the son of their king, and they fought with each other again. They killed one hundred and fifty men among their multitude, and they prevailed over the Romans. They took Claudius and fled to their country. The Romans were grieving because the son of their king had been taken. The Persians also were grieving because the son of their king had been taken. Then they took Claudius to the country of the Persians. They set him before their king. They said to him, \"Our lord, the enemy has taken your son the emperor.\" But behold, the son of their king, we have brought him to you. When the king saw Claudius, he said to him, \"Are you the son of the king of the Romans?\" The king marveled at him because of his appearance and his wisdom and his noble bearing, and at his royal garments and the diadem of his youth. And his form revealed outwardly that he was a king's son. The king said to him, \"Are you the son of the king?\" He answered, saying, \"At one time, I am the son of the king of the Romans. But today, I am a servant at the feet of the king. Behold, I have stood before him outside.","structure":"dialogue","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲕⲗⲁⲩϯⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"Claudius is the name of the Roman prince, likely the son of the Roman king, though the text does not identify him further. The name is a Greek loanword (Κλαύδιος).","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage is a dialogue unit, marked by direct speech between the Persians and their king, and between the king and Claudius. The shift from narrative to speech is typical of homiletic dramatization.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The motif of a prince captured and mistaken for a king's son appears in hagiographical romance, often to highlight humility and divine providence. The Persian king's marvel at Claudius's bearing echoes biblical scenes of recognition (e.g., Joseph before Pharaoh).","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"sense","kind":"sense","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁⲩⲧⲁϩⲟⲟⲩ ϩⲓϫⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲓ̈ⲉⲣⲟ̄ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲛⲟⲃⲓ̈ⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'river of their sin' is metaphorical, not a geographical reference. It likely signifies a place of moral or military defeat, consistent with the homily's moralizing tone.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲛ̄ⲕⲣⲁⲧⲱⲣ","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic ⲛ̄ⲕⲣⲁⲧⲱⲣ (from Greek κράτωρ, 'ruler') is used here as a title for the Persian king's son, but the English draft renders it 'emperor'. The term may be anachronistic or honorific; the exact rank is ambiguous.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This encomium, attributed to Pseudo-Theodore, was transmitted in Coptic as part of a hagiographical cycle. The dramatic dialogue and moral contrasts (king's son vs. servant) reflect late antique homiletic conventions.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of 'Claudius' is not specified; he may be a historical or legendary figure. The phrase 'river of their sin' is metaphorical and its exact referent is unclear. The term ⲛ̄ⲕⲣⲁⲧⲱⲣ may be an honorific rather than a precise title."],"confidence":"high","notes":[{"kind":"structure","severity":"info","label":"dialogue","text":"Classified as dialogue from the Coptic cues."},{"kind":"lacuna","severity":"caution","text":"The source is fragmentary here: the edition marks a break or an editorial bracket, and the English carries across it. Treat the bridge as supplied, not translated."}]},{"i":29,"ref":"p29","source":"ⲙⲛ︦ⲛ︦ⲥⲁ ⲛⲁⲓ̈ ⲁⲛⲟⲩⲏⲏⲃ ⲛⲁⲩ ⲉ ⲕⲗⲁⲩϯⲟⲥ\nⲉⲛⲉⲥⲱϥ ⲉⲙⲁⲧⲉ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϥⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲉ • ⲡⲉϫⲁⲩ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ϫⲉ\nⲡⲁⲓ̈ ⲛⲁⲙ ⲉⲣϣⲁⲩ ⲉ ⲧⲉⲑⲩⲥⲓ̈ⲁ ⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ • ⲉ ⲧⲃⲉ ⲡⲟⲩϫⲁⲓ̈ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲕϣⲏ|ⲣⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁ ⲛⲉϩⲣⲱⲙⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲥ ⲃⲓⲧϥ̄ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲡⲟⲗⲁⲓⲙⲟⲥ • Ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲩⲛⲟⲩ ⲁ ⲧⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲱ ϭⲱϣⲧ̄ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲛ̄\nⲟⲩϣⲟⲩϣⲧ̄ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲥⲕⲟⲓⲧⲱⲛ • ⲁⲥⲛⲁⲩ ⲉ ⲕⲗⲁⲩϯⲟⲥ\nⲉⲛⲉⲥⲱϥ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϥⲥⲁ • ⲁⲥⲙⲉⲣⲓⲧϥ̄ ⲉ ⲡⲉϩⲟⲩⲟ • Ⲁⲩⲱ\nⲁⲥⲉⲓ̈ ⲉ ⲡⲉⲥⲏⲧ ⲧⲁⲭⲏ ⲡⲉϫⲁⲥ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ϫⲉ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲱⲛϩ̄\nϣⲁ ⲉⲛⲉϩ • ϯⲡⲁⲣⲁⲕⲁⲗⲉⲓ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲕ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲣ ⲣ︤̄ ⲡⲉⲑⲟⲟⲩ ⲙ̄\nⲡⲉⲓ ϣⲏⲣⲉ ϣⲏⲙ ⲛ̄ ⲣ︤ⲣ︥ⲟ • ϫⲉ ⲉⲛⲉⲥⲱϥ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϥⲥⲁ •","english":"After these things, the priests saw Claudius, his face very much changed. They said to the king, \"This one is suitable for the sacrifice to God, for the sake of the safety of your son, whom the Romans took in the battle.\" And immediately the queen looked outside, bowing in her tunic. She saw Claudius, his face changed, beside her. She loved him exceedingly. And she quickly came down and said to the king, \"O king, live forever! I beg you, do not do evil to this young son of a king, for his face is changed beside her.","structure":"dialogue","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic ⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ (plural with definite article) is rendered 'God' in the English draft, consistent with Christian usage in this homily.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage is a dialogue unit: the priests address the king, then the queen speaks. The shift from third-person narration to direct speech marks a dramatic turn.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲑⲩⲥⲓⲁ","severity":"info","text":"The term ⲑⲩⲥⲓⲁ (from Greek θυσία) denotes a sacrificial offering, here proposed as a pagan rite for the king's son's safety, reflecting the narrative's setting of Persian-Roman conflict.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲉⲛⲉⲥⲱϥ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϥⲥⲁ","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase 'his face changed beside her' is ambiguous: it may mean Claudius's appearance was altered (from suffering) or that he stood near the queen. The English draft takes the latter reading.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The queen's plea 'do not do evil to this young son of a king' echoes a hagiographic trope of a pagan ruler's spouse interceding for a Christian captive, common in Coptic martyr encomia.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase ⲉⲛⲉⲥⲱϥ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϥⲥⲁ could mean 'his face changed beside her' (physical proximity) or 'his face changed in her presence' (emotional effect). The English draft opts for the former.","The queen's action ⲁⲥⲉⲓ̈ ⲉ ⲡⲉⲥⲏⲧ ⲧⲁⲭⲏ ('she came down quickly') may imply descending from a chariot or a dais; the text does not specify."],"confidence":"high","notes":[{"kind":"structure","severity":"info","label":"dialogue","text":"Classified as dialogue from the Coptic cues."}]},{"i":30,"ref":"p30","source":"ⲙⲛ̄ ⲡⲉϥⲡⲣⲟⲥⲟⲡⲟⲛ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲧⲉϥⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲥⲁⲃⲉ • ⲛⲅ̄ ⲉⲓⲣⲉ ⲁⲛ\nⲙ̄ ⲡⲙⲉⲉⲩⲉ ⲱ̄ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲕⲁⲗⲁϩⲏ ⲛ̄ ⲥϩⲓⲙⲉ ⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥⲧⲱⲟⲩⲛ | ϩⲁ ⲡⲁⲓ ⲛ̄ⲑⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲛⲓⲙ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲟⲛ ϩⲛ̄ⲉⲕⲓⲃⲉ\nⲛ̄ ⲥϩⲓⲙⲉ ⲁⲩⲥⲁⲛⲟⲩϣϥ̄ ⲛ̄ⲑⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲁ ⲙⲉⲣⲓⲧ ⲛ̄ ϣⲏⲣⲉ ϩⲱ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛ̄ⲑⲉ ⲉⲧ ⲉⲓⲑⲗⲓⲃⲉ ⲉ ⲧⲃⲉ ⲡⲁ ⲙⲉⲣⲓⲧ ⲛ̄ ϣⲏⲣⲉ • ⲧⲙⲁⲁⲩ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲁⲓ ϩⲱⲱϥ ⲑⲗⲓⲃⲉ ⲉ ⲧⲃⲏⲏⲧϥ̄ • Ⲁⲩⲱ\nⲉⲕϣⲁⲛⲧⲁⲕⲉ ⲡⲁⲓ ⲛ̄ⲧⲉ ⲡⲉϥⲉⲓⲱⲧ ⲥⲱⲧⲙ̄ ⲉ ⲡⲉϥⲟⲩⲱ • ϥⲛⲁⲙⲟⲟⲩⲧ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲁ ⲙⲉⲣⲓⲧ ⲛ̄ ϣⲏⲣⲉ ϩⲱ ⲛ̄ⲧⲉϥⲁⲫⲟⲣⲙⲏ\nⲛ̄ⲧⲛ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲁⲧ ϣⲏⲣⲉ • Ϩⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲙⲉ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲱ̄ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ̄ⲟ • ⲟⲩϩⲁⲡ ⲛ̄ ⲇⲓⲕⲁⲓⲟⲛ ⲁϥϣⲱⲡⲉ ϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲙⲏⲧⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲡⲉ • ⲁ ⲡⲟⲩⲁ\nⲡⲟⲩⲁ ⲉⲣ ϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ ⲉ ⲡⲉϥϣⲏⲣⲉ • | ⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲕⲁⲁⲕ ⲁⲛ ⲉⲛⲉϩ ⲱ̄\nⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲉ ⲙⲟⲩⲟⲩⲧ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲓ ϣⲏⲣⲉ ϣⲙ̄ (sic) ⲉⲛⲉⲥⲱϥ ϩⲙ̄\nⲡⲉϥⲥⲁ • ⲁⲩⲱ ϥ̄ⲧⲁⲓⲏⲩ ϫⲉ ⲟⲩϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲡⲉ • Ⲁⲩⲱ\nⲕⲥⲟⲟⲩⲛ ϫⲉ ϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲉ ⲣⲟⲙⲡⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲛϯ ⲧⲱϣ ⲉ ϫⲓ ϩⲱⲛ ⲙ̄\nⲡⲉⲛϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲧⲉϥⲥⲱⲛⲉ • ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲛⲏⲙⲫⲓⲟⲥ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲟⲩϣⲉⲗⲉⲉⲧ ⲁⲛⲛⲁⲩ ⲉⲩⲛⲟϭ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲁⲉⲓⲟ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲩⲅⲉⲛⲟⲥ • ⲁⲩⲱ\nⲉⲥϣⲁⲛϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲕⲱ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲛϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲛⲁⲛ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ϣⲁⲓϯ\nⲛ̄ ⲕⲉⲥⲉⲛ ⲧⲁ ϣⲉⲉⲣⲉ ⲛⲁϥ ⲛ̄ ⲥϩⲓⲙⲉ • ⲧⲁϫⲟⲟⲩϥ ϣⲁ\nⲡⲉϥⲉⲓⲱⲧ ϩⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲛⲟϭ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲁⲉⲓⲟ • Ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁ ⲧⲣ︦ⲣ̄ⲱ | ⲥⲉⲕ\nⲡϩⲏⲧ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ϩⲛ̄ ϩⲉⲛϣⲁϫⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲧ ⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϥ ⲉ\nϩⲟⲩⲛ ⲉ ⲕⲗⲁⲩⲇⲓⲟⲥ • ⲁⲥⲕⲧⲟϥ ⲉ ⲡⲁϩⲟⲩ ⲉ ⲧⲙ̄ ⲙⲟⲩⲟⲩⲧ\nⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ • Ⲉⲛⲉⲣⲉ ⲕⲗⲁⲩⲧⲓⲟⲥ ⲉⲓⲣⲉ ⲛ̄ ϩⲛ̄ⲛⲟϭ ⲛ̄ ⲣⲓⲙⲉ\nϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲏⲓ ⲛ̄ ⲧ︦ⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲱ ⲉϥϫⲱ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲥ • ϫⲉ ⲛⲓⲙ ⲡⲉⲧ ⲛⲁ\nⲧⲁⲙⲉ ⲡⲁ ⲉⲓⲱⲧ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲧⲁ ⲙⲁⲁⲩ ⲉ ⲡⲁ ⲙ̄ⲕⲁϩ ⲛ̄ϩⲏⲧ • ⲛϥ̄ϫⲱ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲟⲩ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲁ ⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲉⲃⲓⲏⲛ • ϫⲉ ⲕⲗⲁⲩⲧⲓⲟⲥ • ⲡⲉⲕϣⲏⲣⲉ ϩⲁ ⲧⲟⲟⲧϥ̄ ⲉ ⲡⲙⲟⲩ ϩⲁϩⲧⲙ̄ ⲡⲣ︤ⲣ︥ⲟ •","english":"...and his face and his wisdom. I do not think, O king, that any woman would rise up for this like anyone else. And also, other women have judged him like my beloved son. And as I am distressed about my beloved son, the mother of this one is also distressed about him. And if you take this one, and his father hears his voice, he will kill my beloved son as well, and we will be without a son. Truly, O king, a just judgment has taken place in the midst of the sky. Each one has ruled over his son. I will never allow you, O king, to kill this son, for he is worthy because of his side. And he is honored because he is a king's son. And you know that in the year we made a covenant to take a wife for our son with his sister, a bride and a bridegroom, they saw a great honor in their family. And if it happens that they send our son away from us, I will give my daughter to him as a wife. I will send him to his father with great honor. And the queen turned the heart of the king with good words towards Claudius. She turned him back from killing him. Claudius was making great lamentations in the palace, saying, \"Who will tell my father and my mother about my grief? Who will tell them of my misery? That Claudius, your son, is at the point of death at the hands of the king.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲧⲡⲉ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic ⲧⲡⲉ is rendered 'heaven' per the glossary, as the abode of God in homiletic contexts; 'sky' would be appropriate only in strictly cosmological passages, which are rare here.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic ϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ is rendered 'Lord' when referring to God or Christ, but in the phrase ⲉⲣ ϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ ⲉ ⲡⲉϥϣⲏⲣⲉ ('each one has ruled over his son') it carries the everyday social sense of 'master' or 'rule over'.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"sense","kind":"sense","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The queen's speech argues that killing Claudius would provoke his father to retaliate against her own son, and she appeals to a prior marriage covenant between the families, turning the king's heart with 'good words'.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage is a narrative unit in which the queen delivers a sustained persuasive speech, shifting the king's intention from killing Claudius to sparing him, and concludes with Claudius's lament.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ϣⲙ̄","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic ϣⲙ̄ (sic) in the phrase ⲡⲉⲓ ϣⲏⲣⲉ ϣⲙ̄ ⲉⲛⲉⲥⲱϥ is unclear; it may be a scribal error or abbreviation. The English draft interprets it as 'worthy because of his side', but the reading is uncertain.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"external","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The mention of a marriage covenant between families and the queen's offer of her daughter as a wife reflects late antique Near Eastern marriage customs, where political alliances were often sealed by such unions.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase ϣⲙ̄ ⲉⲛⲉⲥⲱϥ is ambiguous; it may be corrupt or abbreviated, and the intended meaning is uncertain.","The identity of the speaker shifts between the queen and possibly another character; the Coptic does not always mark the change clearly."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":31,"ref":"p31","source":"Ⲛⲓⲙ ⲡⲉ ⲡⲁ\nⲃⲁⲓ ϣⲓⲛⲉ ⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲟⲩ • ⲛⲉϥⲧⲁⲙⲉ ⲡⲁ ⲉⲓⲱⲧ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲧⲁ ⲙⲁⲁⲩ\nϫⲉ ϯⲟⲛⲉϩ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡ|ⲛⲁ ⲙ̄ ⲡϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ • Ⲛⲓⲙ ⲡⲉⲧ ⲛⲁⲥⲗ︦ⲥⲗ︦\nⲡⲁ ⲉⲓⲱⲧ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲧⲁ ⲙⲁⲁⲩ ⲉ ⲡⲁ ⲙ̄ⲕⲁϩ ⲛ̄ϩⲏⲧ • Ⲛⲓⲙ ⲡⲉ\nⲛ̄ ϣⲁϥⲧⲁⲙⲉ ⲡⲁ ⲉⲓⲱⲧ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲧⲁ ⲙⲁⲁⲩ • ϫⲉ ⲁⲣⲓ ⲡⲡⲉⲧ\nⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϥ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲡϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲛ̄ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲣⲥⲟⲥ • ⲉⲧ\n_ⲁⲗⲉⲩ ⲉ ⲣⲱⲧⲛ̄ • ⲧⲁⲣⲉ ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ϯ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲁ ⲛⲁ ⲉ ⲡϩⲏⲧ\nⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϥⲉⲓⲱⲧ ⲛϥ̄ⲉⲣ ⲡⲛⲁ ⲛⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲓ ϩⲱ • Ⲛⲓⲙ ⲡⲉ ⲛ̄ϣⲁϥϫⲓ\nⲙ̄ ⲡⲁ ⲟⲩⲱ • ⲛϥ̄ⲧⲁⲙⲉ ⲡⲁ ⲥⲟⲛ ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲕⲗⲁⲩⲇⲓⲟⲥ ϣⲓⲛⲉ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲕ ⲕⲁⲗⲱⲥ • Ⲛⲓⲙ ⲡⲉⲧ ⲛⲁϫⲓ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲁ ⲟⲩⲱ\nⲛϥ̄ⲧⲁⲙⲉ ⲧⲁ ⲙⲉⲣⲓⲧ ⲛ̄ ⲥⲱⲛⲉ ⲉ ⲡⲁ ⲙ̄ⲕⲁϩ ⲛ̄ϩⲏⲧ • |\nⲚⲓⲙ ⲡⲉⲧ ⲛⲁ ϫⲟⲟⲥ ⲧⲁ ⲙⲉⲣⲓⲧ ⲙ̄ ⲙⲁⲁⲩ ϫⲉ ⲁⲣⲓ\nⲟⲩⲣⲓⲙⲉ ⲉ ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ϣⲏⲣⲉ • ⲕⲗⲁⲩϯⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ϥϩⲁ ⲧⲟⲟⲧϥ̄ ⲛ̄\nⲟⲩⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲛ̄ ⲇⲩⲣⲁⲛⲛⲟⲥ ⲉⲑⲟⲟⲩ • Ϩⲁⲙⲟⲓ ⲉ ⲛⲉ ⲛⲧⲁϭⲓⲛⲉ\nⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲛⲁⲏⲧ ⲧⲁⲥϩⲁⲓ ⲛⲁϥ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲉⲡⲓⲥⲧⲟⲗⲏ ⲛϥ̄ϫⲓⲧⲥ̄\nⲛϥ̄ⲧⲁⲁⲥ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲧⲟⲗⲟⲙⲁⲓⲟⲥ ⲡⲁ ⲉⲓⲱⲧ • Ⲛ̄ ϯⲥⲟⲟⲩⲛ ⲁⲛ\nⲉⲩⲣⲱⲙⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲛ̄ ⲙⲁ • ⲧⲁϯ ⲛⲁϥ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϥⲃⲉⲕⲉ ⲧⲁϫⲟⲟⲩϥ\nϣⲁ ⲡⲁ ⲉⲓⲱⲧ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲧⲁ ⲙⲁⲁⲩ • ⲛϥ̄ⲧⲁⲙⲟⲟⲩ ⲉ ⲡⲁ\nⲟⲩⲱ • ϫⲉ ⲉⲓⲣ ⲟⲩ • Ⲛⲁⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲓ ⲕⲟⲟⲩⲉ • ⲉⲣⲉ\nⲡϩⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲕⲗⲁⲩϯⲟⲥ ϫⲱ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲟⲩ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϥⲕⲟⲓ̈|ⲧⲱⲛ • ⲉϥⲣⲓⲙⲉ • ⲉⲛ ⲉⲣⲉ ⲧϣⲉⲉⲣⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲁϩⲉ ⲣⲁⲧⲥ̄ • ⲉⲥϫⲓ\nⲥⲙⲏ ⲉ ⲣⲟϥ ⲁⲥⲣⲓⲙⲉ ϩⲱⲱⲥ ⲉ ⲧⲃⲉ ⲛ̄ϣⲁϫⲉ ⲉⲧ ϩⲟⲗϭ̄\nⲉⲧ ⲉϥϫⲱ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲟⲩ • Ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲩⲛⲟⲩ ⲉⲓⲥ ⲟⲩⲟⲡⲧⲁⲥⲓⲁ\nⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲟⲉⲓⲛ • ⲁⲥϣⲁ ⲉ ϩⲣⲁⲓ ⲉ ϫⲱϥ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁ ⲡⲙⲁ ⲧⲏⲣϥ̄\nⲉⲣ ⲑⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲕⲱϩⲧ̄ ⲉⲧ ⲙⲟⲩϩ • ⲟⲱⲥ ⲇⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲉ ⲡⲡⲁⲗⲗⲁϯⲟⲛ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲣ︤ⲣ︥ⲟ ϯ ϣⲁϩ • Ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲩⲛⲟⲩ ⲁ ⲡⲁⲣⲭⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ ⲅⲁⲃⲣⲓⲏⲗ ⲟⲩⲟⲛϩϥ̄ ⲉ ⲡⲡⲉⲧ ⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ ⲕⲗⲁⲩⲇⲓⲟⲥ •","english":"Who is the one who will ask for me today? He will inform my father and my mother that I am trusting in the mercy of the Lord. Who is the one who will console my father and my mother in my grief of heart? Who is the one who will inform my father and my mother: \"Do good to the son of the king of the Persians, who has come to you, so that God may give my mercy to the heart of his father, and he may have mercy on me as well\"? Who is the one who will take my message and inform my brother Theodore that Claudius is seeking you well? Who is the one who will take my message and inform my beloved sister of my grief of heart? Who is the one who will say to my beloved mother: \"Mourn for your son Claudius, for he is under the hand of an evil tyrant king\"? Would that I had found a faithful woman to write an epistle for him, and he would take it and give it to Ptolemy, my father. But I do not know any man of that place. I would give him his reward and send him to my father and my mother, and he would inform them of my message: \"What am I doing?\" These and these other things the holy Claudius says in his prison, weeping, while the daughter of the king stands at his feet, listening to his voice, weeping also over the bitter words he is saying. And immediately, behold, a vision of light came down upon him, and the whole place became like a fire that was burning, as if in the palace of the king a fire was kindled. And immediately the archangel Gabriel appeared to the holy Claudius.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲡϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ","severity":"info","text":"ⲡϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ (Lord) here renders the divine name, consistent with Sahidic biblical usage; the speaker's trust in the mercy of the Lord aligns with Christian piety.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲡⲁⲣⲭⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ ⲅⲁⲃⲣⲓⲏⲗ","severity":"info","text":"ⲡⲁⲣⲭⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ ⲅⲁⲃⲣⲓⲏⲗ (the archangel Gabriel) is a fixed liturgical title; Gabriel appears as a messenger in Coptic hagiography, consistent with his biblical role.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ","severity":"info","text":"ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ (God) with the definite article names the Christian God, as in the request that God give mercy to the father's heart.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲡⲉⲧ ⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ","severity":"info","text":"ⲡⲉⲧ ⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ (the holy one) is a standard epithet for a saint; here it modifies Claudius, reinforcing his sanctity in the narrative.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"external","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The vision of light and fire descending on Claudius in prison echoes theophanic motifs common in Coptic martyrdom accounts, often signaling divine intervention.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The repeated rhetorical questions (Ⲛⲓⲙ ⲡⲉ ...) form a lament pattern, building emotional intensity before the visionary climax.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase ⲉⲧⲁⲗⲉⲩ ⲉ ⲣⲱⲧⲛ̄ is obscure; the draft reads 'who has come to you', but the Coptic may be corrupt or elliptical.","The identity of the 'daughter of the king' is not specified; she may be a character from the broader narrative."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":32,"ref":"p32","source":"ⲁϥϣⲁϫⲉ ⲛⲙ̄ⲙⲁϥ • ⲉϥϫⲱ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲥ • Ϫⲉ ⲭⲁⲓⲣⲉ ⲕⲗⲁⲩϯⲟⲥ • ⲡⲉⲛⲧ ⲁⲓϯ ⲣⲁⲛ ⲉ ⲣⲟϥ • ϫⲓⲛⲉ ⲧⲉϥϣⲟⲣⲡ̄\nⲉⲛⲑⲩⲥⲓⲁ • ⲭⲁⲓⲣⲉ | ⲡⲉⲛⲧ ⲁⲓⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ ⲉ ⲣⲟϥ ϫⲓⲛⲉ ⲧⲉϥⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲕⲟⲩⲓ̄ • ⲉ ⲧⲃⲉ ⲟⲩ ⲉⲕⲣⲓⲙⲉ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲉⲕⲁϣⲁϩⲟⲙ • ϫⲉ ⲉⲕϩⲁ ⲧⲟⲟⲧϥ̄ • ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲣ︤ⲣ︥ⲟ ⲛ̄ ϣⲁϥⲙⲟⲩ • ⲉⲣⲉ ⲡⲣ︤ⲣ︥ⲟ\nⲚ̄ ⲧⲡⲉ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲡⲕⲁϩ ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲕ • ⲛⲁϥ ⲛ̄ⲥⲁ ⲥⲁ ⲛⲓⲙ • Ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲡⲉ ⲅⲁⲃⲣⲓⲏⲗ ⲡⲉⲛⲧⲁ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲙ̄ ⲙⲉ • ⲡⲉⲭ︦ⲥ︦ • ⲧⲁⲁⲕ ⲉ ⲧⲟⲟⲧ ϫⲓⲛⲉ ⲧⲉⲕⲙⲛ︤ⲧ︥ⲕⲟⲩⲓ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁϥϯ ⲛ̄ ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ ⲡⲁⲛⲁⲧⲟⲗⲁⲓⲟⲥ • ⲉ ⲧⲟⲟⲧϥ̄ ⲙ̄ ⲙⲓⲭⲁⲏⲗ ⲡⲁⲣⲭⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ • ⲉ ⲧⲣⲉ ϥ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲉϥⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ ⲉ ⲣⲟϥ ϩⲱⲱϥ • Ⲉ ⲧⲃⲉ ⲟⲩ ⲉⲕⲉⲣ • ϩⲟⲧⲉ ϩⲏⲧⲟⲩ • ⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲇⲓⲣⲱⲛ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲕⲁϩ\nⲉϣⲁⲩⲙⲟⲩ • ⲉⲣⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ ⲙ̄ ⲡϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲕ |\nⲛⲁϥ ⲛ̄ⲥⲁ ⲥⲁ ⲛⲓⲙ • Ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲕⲗⲁⲩⲇⲓⲟⲥ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲡⲁ\nϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ ⲉⲓⲉⲣ ϩⲟⲧⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲙⲉⲣⲟⲥ ⲥⲛⲁⲩ • ϫⲉ ⲁⲓϩⲉ ⲉ\nⲧⲟⲟⲧⲟⲩ • ⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲃⲁⲣⲃⲁⲣⲟⲥ ⲉⲑⲟⲟⲩ • ⲕⲁⲛ ⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲙⲟⲩⲟⲩⲧ\nⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲓ • ⲕⲁⲛ ⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲁⲁⲧ ⲛ̄ ⲑⲩⲥⲓⲁ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲩⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲧⲁ ⲥⲱϣ","english":"He spoke with him, saying, \"Hail, Claudius, the one to whom I gave a name from his first sacrifice. Hail, the one whom I guarded from his childhood. Why are you weeping and lamenting, as if you were in the hands of a mortal king? The king of heaven and earth watches over you. Who is he? I am Gabriel, whom the King of truth, Christ, gave to you from your childhood.\" And he gave Theodore the Anatolian into the hands of Michael the archangel, so that he too might watch over him. Why do you fear the gifts of the earth that perish? The angels of the Lord watch over you. Who is he? Claudius said to him, \"My lord, I fear the second part, because I have fallen into the hands of the evil barbarians. Even if they kill me, even if they make me a sacrifice to their gods, I will be cut down.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲣⲭⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"Michael is named as archangel, a fixed rank in Coptic liturgy; here he is entrusted with Theodore's protection.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"Angels of the Lord (ⲛ̄ⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ ⲙ̄ⲡϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ) are heavenly beings, not human messengers, consistent with the homily's celestial context.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ","severity":"info","text":"Claudius addresses Gabriel as ⲡⲁϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ ('my lord'), a respectful social title, not the divine Lord; the shift from divine to social sense is typical in this corpus.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"external","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The 'second part' (ⲡⲙⲉⲣⲟⲥ ⲥⲛⲁⲩ) likely refers to a division of the narrative or a trial; Claudius fears falling into barbarian hands after a prior safe period.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage shifts from Gabriel's direct speech to a narrative handover of Theodore to Michael, then back to dialogue with Claudius, marking a transition in the homily's dramatic sequence.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲧⲁⲥⲱϣ","severity":"caution","text":"The final Coptic phrase ⲧⲁⲥⲱϣ ('I will be cut down') is ambiguous: it may mean 'I will be destroyed' or 'I will be cut off (from God)'; the English draft takes the former, but the latter is possible given the sacrificial context.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["ⲧⲁⲥⲱϣ: 'I will be cut down' (physical destruction) or 'I will be cut off' (spiritual separation); the context of sacrifice favors the former.","ⲡⲙⲉⲣⲟⲥ ⲥⲛⲁⲩ: 'the second part' may refer to a narrative segment or a second phase of persecution; the text does not specify."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":33,"ref":"p33","source":"ⲛⲁϩⲣⲉⲙ ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲡⲉ • Ⲕⲁⲛ ⲛ̄ⲥⲉϩⲟⲧⲣⲧ̄ ϩⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲅⲁⲙⲙⲟⲥ • ⲉϥϫⲁϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲁⲣⲁ ⲡⲁ ⲟⲩⲱϣ • ⲧⲁϯ ϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲙ̄\nⲡⲅⲉⲛⲟⲥ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲁⲉⲓⲟⲧⲉ • Ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲁⲣⲭⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ ⲅⲁⲃⲣⲓⲏⲗ\nⲛⲁϥ • ϫⲉ ϯϫⲱ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲥ ⲛⲁⲕ • ϫⲉ ⲙⲉⲣⲉ ⲗⲁⲁⲩ ⲙ̄\nⲡⲉⲑⲟⲟⲩ ϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲕ • ⲛ̄ⲑⲉ ⲧⲉⲕⲙⲉⲉⲩⲉ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲥ • Ⲉϣϫⲉ\nⲁⲕⲉⲓ ⲉ ⲧⲉⲓ ⲭⲱⲣⲁ ⲱ̄ ⲕⲗⲁⲩ|ϯⲟⲥ • ϩⲁⲡⲥ̄ ⲡⲉ ⲉ ⲧⲣⲉ\nⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ ⲡⲁⲛⲁⲧⲟⲗⲁⲓⲟⲥ • ⲉⲓ ⲉ ⲣⲁⲧⲕ̄ • ⲛⲅ̄ ⲛⲁⲩ ⲉ\nⲣⲟϥ • ⲛ̄ϩⲟ ϩⲓ ϩⲟ • ⲟⲩⲱ ⲟⲩⲛ ⲟⲩⲣⲁⲛ ⲛ̄ ⲥⲟⲉⲓⲧ ⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ\nⲛⲏⲧⲛ̄ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲥⲛⲁⲩ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲉ ⲟⲩϣⲧⲟⲣⲧⲣ̄ ϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲓ ⲭⲱⲣⲁ\nⲧⲏⲣⲥ̄ • ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲣⲁⲛ • ϯⲣⲏⲛⲏ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲁ ⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲡⲉⲭ︦ⲥ︦ • ⲉⲥⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲛⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲕ • ⲛⲅ̄ ⲟⲩϫⲁⲓ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϥⲣⲁⲛ ⲉⲧ ⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ • Ⲛⲁⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲉⲣⲉ ⲡⲁⲣⲭⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ ⲅⲁⲃⲣⲓⲏⲗ ϫⲱ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲟⲩ • ⲁϥϩⲟⲡϥ̄ ⲉ ⲡⲡⲉⲧ ⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ • Ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁ ⲧⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲱ ⲛⲁⲩ ⲉ ⲧⲟⲡⲧⲁⲥⲓⲁ ⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲟⲉⲓⲛ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥϣⲁ ⲉϫⲛ̄ ⲕⲗⲁⲩϯⲟⲥ ⲉϥϩⲛ̄\nⲧⲙⲏⲧⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲕⲱϩⲧ̄ • ⲁⲥϣⲧⲟⲣⲧⲣ̄ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲧⲉ • | ⲁⲥⲉⲓ ⲉ ⲡⲉⲥⲏⲧ ϣⲁ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲩⲛⲟⲩ ⲡⲉϫⲁⲥ ⲛⲁϥ • ϫⲉ ⲡⲁ ϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ\nⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ⲧⲁⲭⲏ ϫⲟⲟⲩ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲓ ϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲉ ⲣⲁⲧϥ̄ ⲙ̄\nⲡⲉϥⲉⲓⲱⲧ ⲛ̄ⲁⲛⲁⲅⲕⲏ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲛ • ⲁⲓⲛⲁⲩ ⲉ ⲡⲕⲱϩⲧ̄ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥⲉⲣ • ϯ ⲟⲩϣⲏ ⲧⲏⲣⲥ̄ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϥⲙⲁ • ⲛ̄ϭⲓ (?) ⲡⲉϩⲟⲩⲛ • ⲡⲁⲛⲧⲟⲥ\nⲅⲁⲣ ⲛ̄ⲧⲉ ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉϥⲉⲓⲟⲧⲉ ⲧⲁⲕⲟ ⲛ̄ⲧⲛ̄ⲡⲟⲗⲓⲥ ⲛ̄ⲧⲉϥⲁⲫⲟⲣⲙⲏ • Ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣⲉ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲥⲱⲧⲙ̄ ⲉ ⲛⲁⲓ • ⲁⲥⲉⲣⲁⲛⲁϥ ⲉ ϫⲟⲟⲩ ⲛ̄ ⲕⲗⲁⲩϯⲟⲥ ⲉ ⲧⲉϥⲭⲱⲣⲁ • ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉ\nⲛ̄ⲛⲟϭ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲡⲁⲗⲗⲁϯⲟⲛ ⲕⲁⲁϥ ⲉ ⲉⲣ ⲡⲁⲓ • Ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲧⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲱ\nⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲉϣϫⲉ ⲕⲙⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲕϣⲏⲣⲉ • ⲁⲣⲓ ⲡⲡⲉⲧ ⲛⲁ|ⲛⲟⲩϥ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲡⲉⲓ ϣⲏⲣⲉ ϣⲏⲙ ⲛ̄ ⲣ︤ⲣ︥ⲟ • ⲙⲉϣⲁⲕ ⲛ̄ⲧⲉ ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ • ⲣⲉⲕⲧ̄ ⲡϩⲏⲧ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϥⲉⲓⲱⲧ •","english":"Before God of heaven. Even if they are disturbed in a furnace, burning more than my desire, I will give a son of the race of my fathers. The archangel Gabriel said to him, \"I say to you, let no evil thing happen to you according to your thought. If you have come to this region, O Claudius, it is necessary that Theodore, my eastern one, come to you, and you will see him face to face. And a name of glory will come to you two, and a disturbance will happen in this whole region in your name. The peace of my king Christ will be with you; you will be safe in his holy name.\" While the archangel Gabriel was saying these things, he hid himself in the holy place. And the queen saw a vision of a light that came upon Claudius while he was in the midst of the fire. She was disturbed greatly. She came down to the king and immediately said to him, \"My lord the king, quickly send this prince to stand before his father of necessity. I have seen the fire that burned the whole night in his place within. For the entire city of the God of his fathers is destroyed by his opportunity.\" And when the king heard these things, he was about to send Claudius to his region, but the great ones of the palace did not allow him to do this. The queen said to him, \"If you love your son, do what is good with this young prince. The God of your father will not abandon you; turn the heart of his father.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲡⲁⲣⲭⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ ⲅⲁⲃⲣⲓⲏⲗ","severity":"info","text":"The archangel Gabriel is identified by the fixed rank ⲁⲣⲭⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ, standard in Coptic liturgical usage for Michael, Gabriel, Raphael, and Suriel.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ","severity":"info","text":"ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ (with definite article) names God in Christian texts, as here in 'God of heaven' and 'God of his fathers'.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲧⲡⲉ","severity":"info","text":"ⲧⲡⲉ renders 'heaven' as the abode of God, not the cosmological sky, consistent with homiletic usage.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ","severity":"info","text":"ϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ in the queen's address 'my lord the king' carries the everyday social sense 'master', not the divine title, as per glossary guidance.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage shifts from Gabriel's direct speech to Claudius into narrative action: Gabriel hides, the queen sees a vision, and the king's court deliberates, marking a structural pivot in the encomium.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲛ̄ϭⲓ (?) ⲡⲉϩⲟⲩⲛ","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic phrase ⲛ̄ϭⲓ (?) ⲡⲉϩⲟⲩⲛ is uncertain; the edition marks a query, and the English draft reads 'in his place within', but the syntax is ambiguous.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase ⲛ̄ϭⲓ (?) ⲡⲉϩⲟⲩⲛ is textually uncertain; the reading 'in his place within' is tentative.","The identity of 'the God of his fathers' (ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉϥⲉⲓⲟⲧⲉ) could refer to the pagan gods of Claudius's ancestors or to the Christian God, but the context of Gabriel and Christ suggests a Christian reinterpretation."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":34,"ref":"p34","source":"ⲉ ⲡⲡⲉⲧ ⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϥ ⲉ ϩⲟⲩⲛ\nⲉ ⲡⲉⲛϣⲏⲣⲉ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲧⲁ ⲥⲩⲙⲃⲟⲩⲗⲓⲁ̄ ⲉⲣⲁⲛⲁⲕ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛⲁϣⲁϫⲉ • ⲃⲏⲕ ⲉ ϩⲟⲩⲛ ⲉ ⲛⲉⲕⲙⲁⲁϫⲉ • ϯ ⲛⲁϥ ⲛ̄\nⲟⲩⲭⲁⲣⲧⲏⲥ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲙⲉⲗⲁ[ⲥ] • ⲧⲁⲣⲉϥⲥϩⲁⲓ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉϥϭⲓϫ\nⲙ̄ⲙⲓⲛ ⲉⲙⲙⲟϥ • ϣⲁ ⲡⲉϥⲉⲓⲱⲧ • ⲉϥϫⲱ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲥ ϫⲉ\nϯⲟⲛϩ̄ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲙ̄ⲡ ⲟⲩⲉⲣ ⲗⲁⲁⲩ ⲛⲁⲓ • ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲑⲟⲟⲩ • ⲁⲣⲏⲩ ϥ̄ⲛⲁϫⲟⲟⲩ • ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲛⲙⲉⲣⲓⲧ ⲛ̄ ϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲛⲁⲛ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲛ̄ⲕⲱ\nⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϥϣⲏⲣⲉ • ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲱⲱϥ • ϩⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲛⲟϭ | ⲛ̄ ⲧⲁⲉⲓⲟ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲉϣϫⲉ ⲡⲉϥⲟⲩⲱϣ ⲡⲉ • ϯⲛⲁϯ ⲛⲁϥ ⲛ̄ ⲅⲉⲥⲉⲛ","english":"...the good thing within to our son. And if my counsel and my words enter into your ears, I will give him a chart and ink so that he may write with his own hand to his father, saying, \"I live, and nothing evil has happened to me.\" Perhaps he will send our beloved son to us. We will release his son entirely with great honor. And if it is his wish, I will give him a gift.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲭⲁⲣⲧⲏⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Greek loanword χάρτης (chartēs) here denotes a sheet of papyrus or paper for writing, consistent with administrative or epistolary contexts in Coptic hagiography.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲙⲉⲗⲁⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Greek loanword μέλας (melas) means 'ink', literally 'black (substance)'. The partially restored form ⲙⲉⲗⲁ[ⲥ] is standard in Coptic for writing materials.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"background","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The offer of a chart and ink for a prisoner to write to his father reflects a common hagiographic motif: a captive or confessor sends a letter to reassure family, often as a prelude to miraculous deliverance.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage continues the direct speech of the archangel Gabriel to Claudius, offering a practical plan to contact Theodore's father. The conditional clauses (ⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ, ⲉϣϫⲉ) structure the negotiation.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"sense","kind":"sense","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲅⲉⲥⲉⲛ","severity":"info","text":"The word ⲅⲉⲥⲉⲛ (gesen) is a Greek loanword (γένος or γένεσις?) meaning 'gift' or 'present', likely a token of goodwill or reward for compliance.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲉⲙⲙⲟϥ","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase ⲉⲙⲙⲟϥ (emmoi) is ambiguous: it could be a variant of ⲙⲙⲟϥ 'himself' or a scribal error for ⲙⲙⲟϥ 'to him'. The translation takes it as 'with his own hand' (ⲛⲉϥϭⲓϫ ⲙ̄ⲙⲓⲛ ⲉⲙⲙⲟϥ), but the construction is unusual.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase ⲉⲙⲙⲟϥ may be a scribal error or a dialectal form; the reading 'with his own hand' is assumed from context.","The word ⲅⲉⲥⲉⲛ is rare; its precise meaning as 'gift' is inferred from the narrative."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[{"kind":"lacuna","severity":"caution","text":"The source is fragmentary here: the edition marks a break or an editorial bracket, and the English carries across it. Treat the bridge as supplied, not translated."}]},{"i":35,"ref":"p35","source":"ⲧⲁ ϣⲉⲉⲣⲉ ⲛⲁϥ ⲛ̄ ⲥϩⲓⲙⲉ • Ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲇⲉ ⲁϥⲡⲓⲑⲉ • ⲉϫⲙ̄\nⲡϣⲁϫⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲁⲗⲓⲫⲟⲣⲟⲥ ⲧⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲱ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲩⲛⲟⲩ ⲁϥⲧⲣⲉ\nⲩⲧⲁϩⲉ ⲕⲗⲁⲩϯⲟⲥ • ⲉ ⲣⲁⲧϥ̄ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉϥ ⲙ̄ⲧⲟ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • Ⲡⲉϫⲉ\nⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲁϫⲓⲥ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲓ • ϫⲉ ⲛⲓⲙ ϩⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲙ̄\nⲡⲉⲕⲉⲓⲱⲧ • ⲡⲉⲛⲧⲁϥⲉⲓ ϣⲁ ⲣⲟⲕ • ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲓ ⲟⲩϣⲏ • ⲁϥϣⲱⲡⲉ\nⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲟⲉⲓⲛ ⲛ̄ ⲕⲱϩⲧ̄ • ϩⲱⲥ ⲇⲉ ⲛϥ̄ⲣⲱⲕϩ̄ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲡⲁⲗⲗⲁϯⲟⲛ • ⲙⲏ ⲟⲩⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲡⲉ ⲡⲁⲛⲁⲧⲟⲗⲁⲓⲟⲥ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲁ ⲡⲉϥⲣⲁⲛ ⲉⲣⲥⲟⲉⲓⲧ\nⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲓ ϩⲉ ⲧⲏⲣⲥ̄ • ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲛ ⲉⲓⲥ ϣⲟⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ ⲉⲛⲟⲩ|ϣⲏ ϯⲛⲁⲩ\nⲉⲩϩⲟⲣⲟⲙⲁ • ⲉⲩⲙⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲉ ϫⲱⲓ • ⲉⲩϫⲱ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲥ • ϫⲉ ⲉⲓⲥ\nⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ ⲡⲁⲛⲁⲧⲟⲗⲁⲓⲟⲥ • ⲛⲏⲩ ⲉ ϫⲱⲧⲛ̄ • ⲉ ⲃⲉⲧ\nⲧⲏⲩⲧⲛ̄ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • Ⲡⲁⲛⲧⲟⲥ ⲅⲁⲣ • ⲁⲣⲏⲩ ⲛ̄ⲧⲟϥ ⲡⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥⲉⲓ • ϣⲁ ⲣⲟⲕ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲓ ⲟⲩϣⲏ • ⲉϥⲟⲩⲱϣ ⲉ ⲣⲱⲕϩ̄ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲛ • Ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲡⲉⲧ ⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ ⲁⲡⲁ ⲕⲗⲁⲩⲇⲓⲟⲥ • ⲙ̄ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲁⲅⲁⲃⲟⲣⲛⲉ • ⲡⲁⲓ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲡⲉ ⲡⲉϥⲣⲁⲛ • ϫⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲛ ⲡⲁ\nϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ ⲡⲣ︤ⲣ︥ⲟ • ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ⲡⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲁ ϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ • ⲓ︤ⲥ︥\nⲡⲉⲭ︦ⲥ︦ • ⲡⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥⲉⲓ ϣⲁ ⲣⲟⲓ • ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲓ ⲟⲩϣⲏ • ⲁⲩⲱ\nⲛ̄ⲧⲟϥ ⲡⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥⲧⲟⲩϫⲟⲓ • ⲉ ⲡⲙⲟⲩ ϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲙⲏⲧⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲕⲙⲏⲏ|ϣⲉ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲟϥ ⲟⲛ ⲡⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥϯ ⲡⲁ ⲛⲁ • ⲉ ⲡⲉⲕϩⲏⲧ • ⲁⲕⲉⲣ ⲡⲉⲓ ⲡⲉⲧ ⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϥ ⲛⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲓ • ⲉ ⲧⲃⲉ ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ\nϩⲱⲱϥ ⲡⲁⲛⲁⲧⲟⲗⲁⲓⲟⲥ • ⲡⲁⲓ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕⲥⲱⲧⲙ̄ ⲉ ⲡⲉϥⲣⲁⲛ • ⲡⲁ ⲥⲟⲛ ⲡⲉ • Ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲙ̄ ⲡϩⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲁⲡⲁ ⲕⲗⲁⲩⲇⲓⲟⲥ • ϫⲉ ⲉⲓⲟⲩⲱϣ ⲉ ⲧⲣⲉ ⲕⲥϩⲁⲓ • ϣⲁ ⲡⲉⲕⲉⲓⲱⲧ • ϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲕϭⲓϫ\nⲙ̄ⲙⲓⲛ ⲉⲙⲙⲟⲕ • ⲛϥ̄ϫⲟⲟⲩ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲁ ϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲛⲁⲓ • ⲙⲛ̄\nⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ ⲡⲁⲛⲁⲧⲟⲗⲁⲓⲟⲥ ⲧⲁⲛⲁⲩ ⲉ ⲣⲟϥ • ⲧⲁⲕⲁⲁⲕ\nⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲱⲱⲕ • ⲛⲅ̄ ⲃⲱⲕ ϣⲁ ⲡⲉⲕⲉⲓⲱⲧ • ϩⲛ̄ ⲟⲩϯⲙⲏ • Ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁ ⲡϩⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ | ⲁⲡⲁ ⲕⲗⲁⲩⲇⲓⲟⲥ •","english":"...my daughter to him as a wife. But the king was persuaded by the word of Aliphoros the queen, and immediately he had Claudius brought to stand before him outside. The king said to him, \"Tell me, who among the gods of your father came to you this night, becoming a flame of fire, as if to burn the palace? Is not Anatolios a god, whose name is renowned in this whole manner? Or is it not three nights that I see a vision, calling out to me, saying, 'Behold, Theodore Anatolios is coming to cut you down, to cast you out'? For indeed, it is he himself who came to you this night, wishing to burn us.\" The holy father Apa Claudius said to the king Agaborne (for this was his name), \"Not so, my lord king, but the angel of my lord Jesus Christ is the one who came to me this night, and it is he who saved me from death in the midst of your multitude. It is he also who gave my mercy to your heart, and you did this good thing with me concerning Theodore Anatolios himself, whose name you have heard—he is my brother.\" The king said to the holy Apa Claudius, \"I wish for you to write to your father with your own hand, and send my son to me, along with Theodore Anatolios, so that I may see his face, and release you yourself, and you may go to your father in honor.\" And the holy Apa Claudius...","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"Here ⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ renders 'angel' (Greek ἄγγελος), not 'messenger', as it refers to a divine envoy of Christ.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ","severity":"info","text":"ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ appears twice: first in the king's question about 'gods' (plural, without article), then in the phrase ⲡⲁⲛⲁⲧⲟⲗⲁⲓⲟⲥ as a divine name, reflecting the king's pagan perspective.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ","severity":"info","text":"ϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ in 'ⲡⲁ ϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ ⲡⲣⲣⲟ' is a social address ('my lord king'), not a divine title, consistent with the glossary's everyday sense.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲡⲁ","severity":"info","text":"ⲁⲡⲁ is a monastic title left untranslated as 'Apa' to avoid confusion with biological father, which appears in the same passage.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"external","lemma":"ⲁⲛⲁⲧⲟⲗⲁⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"Anatolios is a recurring epithet for Theodore in this encomium, possibly meaning 'the eastern one' or 'the rising one', but here the king treats it as a divine name.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage shifts from the king's interrogation to Claudius's confession, contrasting pagan polytheism with Christian monotheism, and sets up the king's request for a letter.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The name 'Agaborne' (ⲁⲅⲁⲃⲟⲣⲛⲉ) is obscure; it may be a corruption or variant of a known name, but the text treats it as the king's name.","The phrase 'ⲡⲁⲛⲁⲧⲟⲗⲁⲓⲟⲥ' is used both as a divine name by the king and as a title for Theodore by Claudius, creating ambiguity in reference."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":36,"ref":"p36","source":"ⲥϩⲁⲓ ϣⲁ ⲡⲉϥⲉⲓⲱⲧ • ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲓ ϩⲉ • Ϫⲉ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲣⲁⲛ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲓⲱⲧ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲡϣⲏⲣⲉ • ⲙⲛ̄\nⲡⲉⲡⲛ︦ⲁ︦ ⲉⲧ ⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ • ⲧⲉ ⲧⲣⲓⲁⲥ ⲉⲧ ⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ • ⲛ̄ ϩⲟⲙⲟⲟⲩⲥⲓⲱⲛ • ⲛ̄ ⲁⲧ ⲡⲱⲱⲛⲉ • ⲛ̄ ⲁⲧ ϣⲓⲃⲉ • ⲛ̄ ⲁⲧ ⲉⲓⲙⲉ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲥ\nⲧⲉ ⲧⲁⲙⲁϩⲧⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲡⲉ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲡⲕⲁϩ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲥⲧⲟⲭⲓⲱⲛ\nⲛ̄ ⲁⲧ ⲃⲱⲗ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ⲡⲉⲧ ⲉⲓⲙⲉ ⲉ ⲡⲣⲏ ϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲉϥⲉⲣⲕⲁⲥⲓⲁ\nⲛ̄ ⲁⲧ ϩⲓⲥⲉ • ⲡⲉⲧ ⲡⲱⲱⲛⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲟⲟϩ ⲉⲩⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲕⲟⲩⲓ ⲙ̄\nⲡϫⲱⲕ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϥⲕⲉⲕⲗⲟⲥ • Ⲡⲉⲛⲧ ⲁϥⲍⲱⲅⲣⲁⲫⲉⲓ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲡⲉ\nϩⲛ̄ ⲟⲉⲛⲥⲓⲟⲩ ⲉⲩⲉⲣ ⲟⲩⲟⲉⲓⲛ • ⲉϥⲉϩⲁⲣⲉϩ ⲉ ⲧⲉⲕⲙⲛ︤ⲧ︥ⲣⲣ","english":"...write to his father in this manner: \"In the name of the Father, and the Son, and the Holy Spirit, the Holy Trinity, consubstantial, undivided, unchangeable, incomprehensible, which holds together the heaven and the earth and their elements, indissoluble, which knows the sun in its course, untiring, which changes the moon by a small portion of the completion of its cycle, who painted the heaven with stars that give light, may he preserve your kingdom.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲧⲡⲉ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic ⲧⲡⲉ is rendered 'heaven' per the pinned glossary, as the abode of God, not 'sky'.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲧⲣⲓⲁⲥ ⲉⲧ ⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ • ⲛ̄ ϩⲟⲙⲟⲟⲩⲥⲓⲱⲛ","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'Holy Trinity, consubstantial' uses the Greek loan ⲟⲙⲟⲟⲩⲥⲓⲱⲛ (homoousion), a key Nicene term asserting the same substance of Father and Son.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"external","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The doxological formula 'In the name of the Father, and the Son, and the Holy Spirit' is a standard Trinitarian invocation in Coptic liturgy, reflecting post-Nicene orthodoxy.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage shifts from the preceding narrative dialogue to a direct address in the form of a letter, introduced by 'write to his father in this manner', marking a structural break.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲉϥⲉϩⲁⲣⲉϩ ⲉ ⲧⲉⲕⲙⲛ︤ⲧ︥ⲣⲣ","severity":"caution","text":"The final phrase 'may he preserve your kingdom' is ambiguous: the subject 'he' could refer to God or to the preceding 'who painted the heaven'; the Coptic does not clarify.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The subject of 'may he preserve' is unclear: possibly God or the personified 'who' of the previous clause.","The phrase 'write to his father' leaves open whether the letter is actually sent or is a rhetorical device."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":37,"ref":"p37","source":"ⲡⲧⲟⲗⲟⲙⲁⲓⲟⲥ | ⲡⲁ ⲉⲓⲱⲧ • ϫⲓ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲓ ⲣⲁϣⲉ ⲛⲁⲕ ϫⲉ\nϯⲟ̄ⲛϩ̄ • ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲡⲉ ⲕⲗⲁⲩⲇⲓⲟⲥ ⲡⲉⲕϣⲏⲣⲉ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲁ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲣⲥⲟⲥ\nϥⲓⲧ • ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲡⲟⲗⲁⲓⲙⲟⲥ • ⲁ ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ϩⲁⲣⲉϩ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲓ • ϣⲁ\nⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩ • ⲁϥϯⲥⲁ ϩⲓ ⲭⲁⲣⲓⲥ ⲛⲁⲓ • ⲙ̄ⲡⲙ̄ⲧⲟ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ⲙ̄\nⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲧⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲱ • Ⲛ ϣⲟⲣⲡ̄ ⲙⲉⲛ ⲱ̄ ⲡⲁ ⲉⲓⲱⲧ • ⲁⲣⲓ\nⲡⲡⲉⲧ ⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϥ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲡϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲉⲧ ϩⲁ ⲧⲟⲟⲧⲕ̄ • ϯⲥϩⲁⲓ ⲛⲏ ⲱ̄ ⲧⲁ ⲙⲉⲣⲓⲧ ⲙ̄ ⲙⲁⲁⲩ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲧⲁ ⲥⲱⲛⲉ\nⲑⲉⲃⲁⲥⲓⲁ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲡⲁ ⲙⲉⲣⲓⲧ ⲛ̄ⲥⲟⲛ ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ • ⲡⲁⲛⲁⲧⲟⲗⲁⲓⲟⲥ • ⲉ ϣⲓⲛⲉ ⲉ ⲣⲱⲧⲛ̄ ⲧⲏⲣⲧⲛ̄ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ • ⲁⲩⲱ |\nⲟⲛ ϯϣⲓⲛⲉ ⲉⲛⲛⲟϭ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲡⲁⲗⲗⲁϯⲟⲛ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲡⲁ ⲉⲓⲱⲧ • ⲁⲡⲁ ⲕⲁⲓⲟⲥ • ⲡⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ • ϯϫⲱ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲥ ⲛⲏⲧⲛ̄\nϫⲉ ⲉⲓⲥ ϩⲏⲏⲧⲉ • ϯ ⲛ̄ ϩⲟⲩⲛ ⲉ ⲡⲕⲟⲓⲧⲱⲛ • ⲛ̄ ⲧⲣ︤ⲣ︥ⲱ ϩⲛ̄\nⲟⲩⲛⲟϭ ⲛ̄ ϯⲙⲏ • ⲗⲟⲓⲡⲟⲛ ⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲟⲩ ⲡϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ\nⲛⲁⲓ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲡⲁ ϣⲃⲏⲣ ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ ⲡⲁⲛⲁⲧⲟⲗⲁⲓⲟⲥ • ⲧⲁⲣⲉ\nⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲕⲁⲁⲧ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ⲛ̄ⲑⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥϫⲟⲟⲥ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲓ • Ⲁⲛⲟⲕ\nⲡⲉ ⲕⲗⲁⲩⲇⲓⲟⲥ ⲡⲉⲕϣⲏⲣⲉ • ⲉⲓⲥϩⲁⲓ ϣⲁ ⲣⲟⲕ • ⲱ̄ ⲡⲧⲟⲗⲟⲙⲁⲓⲟⲥ • ⲡⲁ ⲉⲓⲱⲧ • ϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲁ ϭⲓϫ ⲙ̄ⲙⲓⲛ ⲉⲙⲙⲟⲥ • Ⲁⲩⲱ\nⲁϥⲥϩⲁⲓ ⲛ̄ ϩⲛ̄ⲕⲉ ⲙⲩⲥⲧⲏⲣⲓⲟⲛ • ⲉⲩϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲉϥⲙⲏ|ⲧⲉ • ⲙⲛ̄\nⲡⲉϥⲉⲓⲱⲧ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲧⲉϥⲙⲁⲁⲩ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁϥϯ ⲛ ⲧⲉⲡⲓⲥⲧⲟⲗⲏ ⲙ̄\nⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ϯⲛⲁⲧⲁⲙⲱⲧⲛ̄ ⲇⲉ ⲱ̄ ⲛⲁⲙⲉⲣⲁⲧⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲛⲧⲁⲩϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉϩⲣⲱⲙⲁⲓⲟⲥ ϩⲱⲟⲩ • ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣ ⲟⲩⲗⲟ ⲉⲩϩⲙ̄\nⲡⲡⲟⲗⲁⲓⲙⲟⲥ ⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲕⲧⲟⲟⲩ ⲉ ⲧⲉⲩⲡⲟⲗⲓⲥ • Ⲁⲥϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲇⲉ ⲛ̄\nⲧⲉⲣ ⲟⲩϣⲓⲛⲉ • ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲩⲙⲏⲏϣⲉ • ⲙ̄ⲡ ⲟⲩϩⲉ ⲕⲗⲁⲩⲇⲓⲟⲥ • ϩⲓϫⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϥϩⲁⲣⲙⲁ • ⲁⲣⲁ ⲟⲩ ⲡⲉⲛⲧ ⲁϥϣⲱⲡⲉ • ϩⲙ̄\nⲡⲡⲁⲗⲗⲁϯⲟⲛ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲛⲁⲩ ⲉⲧ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲩ • ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣ ⲟⲩϫⲟⲟⲥ • ϫⲉ ⲁⲩϥⲓ ⲛ̄ ⲕⲗⲁⲩⲇⲓⲟⲥ •","english":"Ptolemy, my father, take this joy for yourself, for I am alive. I am Claudius, your son, whom the Persians took in the battle. God has preserved me until now; he has given me favor and grace before the king and queen. First, my father, do good with the king's son who is under your hand. I write to you, my beloved mother, and my sister Thebasia, and my beloved brother Theodore the Anatolian, inquiring after all of you in the Lord. And again I inquire after the great ones of the palace, and my father Apa Kaios the archbishop. I say to you, behold, I enter the queen's chamber with great honor. Therefore, send the king's son to me, and my companion Theodore the Anatolian, so that the king may release them, as he said to me. I am Claudius, your son; I write to you, O Ptolemy, my father, with my own hand. And he wrote another mystery in their midst, with his father and his mother, and he gave the letter of the king. I will tell you, my beloved ones, what happened to the Romans as a whole, when they returned to the battle and were turned back to their city. It happened when they inquired among the multitude; they did not find Claudius upon his chariot. What then happened in the palace at that time, when they said that Claudius had been taken?","structure":"address","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The title ⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ (archbishop) is used here for Apa Kaios, likely the patriarch of Alexandria, reflecting the Coptic tradition of applying this title to the Alexandrian see.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲡⲁⲛⲁⲧⲟⲗⲁⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The epithet ⲡⲁⲛⲁⲧⲟⲗⲁⲓⲟⲥ (the Anatolian) for Theodore likely indicates his origin from the Roman province of Anatolia (Asia Minor), a common geographical descriptor in hagiographic texts.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"external","lemma":"ⲡⲡⲟⲗⲁⲓⲙⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The term ⲡⲡⲟⲗⲁⲓⲙⲟⲥ (the battle) refers to a military conflict with the Persians, as indicated earlier in the passage. This reflects the historical context of Roman-Persian wars, common in late antique hagiography.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage is an address within the homily, marked by the direct speech of Claudius to his father Ptolemy. The shift to first-person narration (ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲡⲉ ⲕⲗⲁⲩⲇⲓⲟⲥ) signals a dramatic epistolary section, a common device in encomiastic literature.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲙⲩⲥⲧⲏⲣⲓⲟⲛ","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase ⲕⲉ ⲙⲩⲥⲧⲏⲣⲓⲟⲛ (another mystery) is ambiguous: it may refer to a secret message or a symbolic act. The Coptic does not clarify whether this is a literal letter or a ritual gesture, and the translation 'mystery' may obscure the intended meaning.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of 'the king's son' (ⲡϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ) is not specified; it may refer to a historical figure or a narrative device.","The phrase 'another mystery' (ⲕⲉ ⲙⲩⲥⲧⲏⲣⲓⲟⲛ) is unclear—whether a written document or a symbolic action.","The sequence of events after the battle (ⲡⲡⲟⲗⲁⲓⲙⲟⲥ) is compressed, leaving the fate of Claudius ambiguous."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[{"kind":"structure","severity":"info","label":"address to the congregation","text":"Classified as address to the congregation from the Coptic cues."}]},{"i":38,"ref":"p38","source":"Ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣⲉ ⲧⲉϥⲙⲁⲁⲩ ⲇⲉ ⲥⲱⲧⲙ̄\nⲁⲥⲡⲱϩ ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲥϩⲟⲓⲧⲉ • ⲁⲥⲧⲁⲗⲉ | ⲉⲓⲧⲛ̄ ⲉϫⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲥⲁⲡⲉ • ⲁⲥⲧⲱⲗⲕ̄ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲥⲃⲱ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲑⲏⲃⲁⲥⲓⲁ ⲧⲉϥⲥⲱⲛⲉ • ⲛ̄ϩⲟⲩⲟ ⲇⲉ ⲡⲧⲟⲗⲟⲙⲁⲓⲟⲥ • ⲡⲉϥⲉⲓⲱⲧ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲛⲟϭ ⲙ̄\nⲡⲡⲁⲗⲗⲁϯⲟⲛ • ⲁ ⲛⲉϥϩⲙ̄ϩⲁⲗ ⲡⲱϩ ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲩϩⲟⲓⲧⲉ • ⲛⲉⲭⲏⲣⲁ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲟⲣⲫⲁⲛⲟⲥ ⲛⲉⲩⲣⲓⲙⲉ ⲉ ⲣⲟϥ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ • ⲉ\nⲧⲃⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲛⲁ ⲉ ⲛⲉϥⲉⲓⲣⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲟⲩ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲧ ϣⲁⲁⲧ • Ⲉⲛ ⲉⲣⲉ ⲧⲉϥⲙⲁⲁⲩ ⲣⲓⲙⲉ ⲉ ⲣⲟϥ • ⲉⲥϫⲱ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲥ • ϫⲉ\nⲞⲩⲟⲓ ⲛⲁⲓ • ⲡⲁ ⲙⲉⲣⲓⲧ ⲛ̄ ϣⲏⲣⲉ • ⲕⲗⲁⲩϯⲟⲥ • ⲉⲓⲣ ⲟⲩ","english":"When his mother heard, she tore her garments, she put ashes on her head, she cast off her veil, along with Thebasia, his sister. But even more so, Ptolemy, his father, and the nobles of the palace tore their garments. The widows and orphans all wept bitterly because of the compassion he had shown to them and to the poor. His mother wept bitterly, saying, \"Woe is me, my beloved son Claudius, what have you done?","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"sense","kind":"sense","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁⲥⲡⲱϩ ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲥϩⲟⲓⲧⲉ • ⲁⲥⲧⲁⲗⲉ | ⲉⲓⲧⲛ̄ ⲉϫⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲥⲁⲡⲉ • ⲁⲥⲧⲱⲗⲕ̄ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲥⲃⲱ","severity":"info","text":"The mother’s actions—tearing garments, putting ashes on her head, casting off her veil—are conventional gestures of extreme mourning in late antique Mediterranean culture, not necessarily literal biography.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲧⲟⲗⲟⲙⲁⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"Ptolemy (ⲡⲧⲟⲗⲟⲙⲁⲓⲟⲥ) is the father of Claudius and Theodore; the name is Greek (Πτολεμαῖος) and appears in the narrative as a lay figure, not a saint.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲡⲁⲗⲗⲁϯⲟⲛ","severity":"info","text":"ⲡⲡⲁⲗⲗⲁϯⲟⲛ (from Greek παλλάτιον) designates the imperial palace; here it refers to the court of the Persian king, consistent with the story’s setting.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲛⲉⲭⲏⲣⲁ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲟⲣⲫⲁⲛⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"Widows and orphans (ⲛⲉⲭⲏⲣⲁ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲟⲣⲫⲁⲛⲟⲥ) are a standard pair in Coptic hagiography, representing the vulnerable groups whom the saint protected; their weeping underscores Theodore’s compassion.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"Ⲉⲛ ⲉⲣⲉ ⲧⲉϥⲙⲁⲁⲩ ⲣⲓⲙⲉ ⲉ ⲣⲟϥ • ⲉⲥϫⲱ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲥ • ϫⲉ Ⲟⲩⲟⲓ ⲛⲁⲓ • ⲡⲁ ⲙⲉⲣⲓⲧ ⲛ̄ ϣⲏⲣⲉ • ⲕⲗⲁⲩϯⲟⲥ • ⲉⲓⲣ ⲟⲩ","severity":"info","text":"The mother’s lament (Ⲟⲩⲟⲓ ⲛⲁⲓ) introduces a direct speech that personalizes the communal grief, a common narrative device in Coptic encomia to heighten pathos before the saint’s intervention.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲉⲓⲣ ⲟⲩ","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic ⲉⲓⲣ ⲟⲩ (literally “what have you done?”) is cut off at the end of the passage; the English draft supplies the full question, but the manuscript may be damaged or the scribe omitted the verb’s object.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The Coptic ⲉⲓⲣ ⲟⲩ is incomplete; the intended object of the mother’s question is not preserved in the text.","The phrase ⲛⲉⲧ ϣⲁⲁⲧ (the poor) is ambiguous: it could refer to the poor in general or to a specific group mentioned earlier in the narrative."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":39,"ref":"p39","source":"ⲙ̄ ⲡⲟⲗⲁⲓⲙⲟⲥ • ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲡⲁ ϣⲏⲣⲉ • ⲟⲩⲇⲉ ϩⲁⲣⲙⲁ ⲛ︦ⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ\nⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩϥⲓⲧⲕ̄ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲟⲟⲧ • Ⲛⲓⲙ ⲡⲉ ⲡⲣⲱⲙⲉ • | ⲛ̄ ϣⲁⲓϩⲉ ⲉ\nⲣⲟϥ ⲟⲛ • ⲧⲁϫⲟⲟⲩ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲁ ϣⲓⲛⲉ ⲛⲁⲕ ⲛⲙ̄ⲙⲁϥ • ⲑⲩⲃⲁⲥⲓⲁ ⲧⲉⲕⲥⲱⲛⲉ ⲗⲩⲡⲏ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲥⲣⲓⲙⲉ • ϩⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲥⲓϣⲉ • ⲉ ⲧⲃⲉ ⲡⲉⲕⲙ̄ⲕⲁϩ ⲛ̄ϩⲏⲧ • ⲱ̄ ⲡⲁ ⲙⲉⲣⲓⲧ ⲛ̄ ϣⲏⲣⲉ • Ⲧⲁⲣ\nⲟⲩ ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲕϭⲣⲏⲡⲉ ⲛ︦ⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩϩⲟⲩⲣⲱⲱⲧ • ⲉ ⲡⲉⲕϩⲟ\nⲉⲧ ϩⲟⲗϭ̄ • ⲧⲁⲣ ⲟⲩ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲕⲙⲁⲛⲓⲁⲕⲏⲥ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲟⲩⲃ • ⲡⲁ\nϣⲏⲣⲉ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩϫⲓⲧⲕ̄ ⲉⲩⲭⲱⲣⲁ ⲛ̄ ϣⲙ̄ⲙⲟ • Ϩⲁⲙⲟⲓ ⲉ\nⲛⲉ ⲛⲧⲁⲓⲉⲓⲙⲉ ⲉ ⲡⲃⲁⲣⲃⲁⲣⲟⲥ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥⲃⲓⲧⲕ̄ • ⲧⲁϯ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲕⲁⲥⲟⲩ ⲛⲁϥ • ⲛ̄ ϥⲧⲟⲟⲩ ⲛ̄ⲕⲱⲃ • ⲁⲣⲏⲩ ϣⲁϥⲕⲁⲁⲕ ⲛⲁⲓ\nⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ⲁⲣⲁ ⲛⲓⲙ ⲡⲉ ⲡⲃⲁⲣⲃⲁⲣⲟⲥ ⲉⲑⲟⲟⲩ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥⲛⲁⲩ\nⲉ ⲕⲗⲁⲩϯⲟⲥ ⲡⲁ | ϣⲏⲣⲉ • ⲁϥⲉⲣ ⲡⲉⲑⲟⲟⲩ ⲛⲁϥ • ϯⲧⲉⲣⲕⲟ\nⲙ̄ⲙⲱⲧⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲥⲧⲣⲁⲧⲩⲗⲁⲧⲏⲥ • ⲙ̄ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲛⲛⲟϭ ⲙ̄\nⲡⲁⲗⲗⲁϯⲟⲛ • ⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲁⲩⲙⲟⲩⲟⲩⲧ • ⲙ̄ ⲡⲁ ⲙⲉⲣⲓⲧ ⲛ̄\nϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲕⲗⲁⲩⲇⲓⲟⲥ • ⲧⲁⲙⲟⲓ ⲉ ⲧⲙⲉ • ⲧⲁϯ ⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲭⲣⲏⲙⲁ • ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ • ϣⲁⲛ ⲧⲁⲉⲓⲛⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϥⲥⲱⲙⲁ • ⲉ ⲡⲁ ⲏⲓ • ⲧⲁϯ\nⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲕⲁⲓⲥⲉ ⲉ ⲣⲟϥ • ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲡⲉϥⲙ̄ⲡϣⲁ • ⲧⲁⲕⲁⲁϥ ϩⲙ̄\nⲡⲧⲁⲫⲟⲥ ⲛ̄ ⲛ︦ⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲱⲟⲩ • ⲧⲁⲣⲓⲙⲉ ⲉ ϩⲣⲁⲓ ⲉ ϫⲱϥ • ⲁⲣⲏⲩ\nϣⲁⲓⲥⲟⲗⲥⲗ̄ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲕⲟⲩⲓ • ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲛ • ⲙⲉ ⲥⲟⲗⲥⲗ̄ • ⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ\nⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲱ • ⲉⲩϣⲁⲛϥⲓ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲥϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ • ⲙⲉ ⲥⲟⲗⲥⲗ̄ ϩⲛ̄\nⲟⲩⲡⲁⲗⲗⲁϯⲟⲛ ⲉⲣⲉ ⲡⲣⲓⲙⲉ | ϣⲟⲟⲡ ⲛ̄ϩⲏⲧϥ̄ • Ⲙⲉ ⲥⲟⲗⲥⲗ\nⲛ̄ⲧⲉ ⲟⲩϩⲁⲗⲏⲧ ⲉⲩϣⲁⲛⲧⲱⲣⲡ̄ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉϥⲙⲁⲥ • Ⲙⲉ ⲥⲟⲗⲥⲗ̄\nⲛ̄ⲧⲉ ⲟⲩⲟⲣⲫⲁⲛⲟⲥ • ⲉⲩϣⲁⲛϥⲓ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉϥⲉⲓⲟⲧⲉ • Ⲙⲉ ⲟⲩⲛⲟϥ\nⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲭⲏⲣⲁ • ⲉⲩϣⲁⲛϥⲓ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲥⲃⲟⲏⲑⲟⲥ • Ⲙⲉ ⲛⲧⲁⲓⲥⲟⲗⲥⲗ̄\nⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲩ ϩⲱ • ⲟⲩⲇⲉ ⲟⲩⲛⲟϥ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩϥⲓ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲁ ⲙⲉⲣⲓⲧ ⲛ̄\nϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲕⲗⲁⲩϯⲟⲥ •","english":"... of the palace. I am your son. Neither the chariot of the king nor those who took you from my hand. Who is the man who will find him again? I will send my inquiry to you with him. Thebasia, your sister, is grieved and weeps in a desert place because of your heartache. O my beloved son! Would that your royal diadem had been cast down upon your beautiful face. Would that your golden maniakion, my son, had been taken to a foreign land. Would that I had known the barbarian who took you, so that I might give him your price, four hundred pieces of gold. Perhaps he would release him to me. Who then is the evil barbarian who saw my son Claudius and did this evil to him? I adjure you, the generals of the king and the great men of the palace: if they have killed my beloved son Claudius, tell me the truth, and I will give all my wealth until I find his body and bring it to my house. I will give a burial for him, according to his worth. I will place him in the tomb of the kings. I will weep over him. Perhaps I will be consoled a little. But no, there is no consolation. A king, if his lord is taken, is not consoled in a palace where weeping is within. A sailor, if his masts are broken, is not consoled. An orphan, if his parents are taken, is not consoled. A widow, if her helper is taken, has no joy. Neither is there consolation for me, nor joy, for my beloved son Claudius has been taken.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲥⲱⲙⲁ","severity":"info","text":"In this passage ⲥⲱⲙⲁ refers to the corpse of Claudius, consistent with its use in martyrdom accounts.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"background","lemma":"ⲙⲁⲛⲓⲁⲕⲏⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The maniakion (ⲙⲁⲛⲓⲁⲕⲏⲥ) is a gold collar or torque, a symbol of high office in late Roman and Byzantine court culture.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲙⲉ ⲥⲟⲗⲥⲗ̄","severity":"info","text":"The repeated phrase ⲙⲉ ⲥⲟⲗⲥⲗ̄ ('there is no consolation') structures a series of laments, each comparing the mother's grief to that of a king, sailor, orphan, and widow.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"external","lemma":"ⲕⲗⲁⲩϯⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"Claudius is not a known historical figure; this encomium likely adapts a hagiographic topos of a noble youth martyred under Diocletian, common in Coptic martyr cycles.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲥⲓϣⲉ","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase ϩⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲥⲓϣⲉ ('in a desert place') is ambiguous: it may be literal (Thebasia weeps in the wilderness) or metaphorical (a place of desolation).","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of the 'barbarian' is left unspecified; the mother's wish to ransom Claudius suggests a kidnapping narrative, but the text does not clarify whether he was taken by enemies or by imperial authorities.","The phrase ⲥⲓϣⲉ may be read as a place name or as a common noun for 'desert'; the Coptic does not disambiguate."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":40,"ref":"p40","source":"Ⲙⲉⲛⲧⲁⲕ ⲥⲟⲛ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲩ • ⲱ̄ ⲡⲁ ϣⲏⲣⲉ • ⲧⲁϫⲓ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲁ ⲥⲟⲗⲥⲗ̄ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ⲛ̄ϩⲏⲧϥ̄ • Ⲁⲗⲏⲑⲱⲥ ⲉⲓϭⲱϣⲧ̄\nⲉ ⲣⲟⲕ ⲙ̄ⲙⲏⲛⲉ • ⲛ̄ⲑⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ ⲛ̄ⲧⲉ ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ • Ⲙⲉⲛⲧ ⲁⲓⲥⲟⲗⲥⲗ̄ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲩ ⲛ̄ ⲕⲉ ⲥⲟⲡ • ⲉ ⲧⲃⲉ ϫⲉ • ⲁⲩϩⲟⲩⲣⲱⲱⲧ ⲉ ⲡⲉⲕϩⲟ ⲉⲧ ϩⲟⲗϭ̄ :- | Ϩⲁⲡⲗⲱⲥ ⲛⲉⲣⲉ ⲟⲩⲛⲟϭ\nⲛ̄ ⲣⲓⲙⲉ • ⲥⲏⲣ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲡⲟⲗⲓⲥ ⲧⲏⲣⲥ̄ • ⲁⲛϯⲟ̄ⲭⲓⲁ • Ϩⲟⲓⲛⲉ ϫⲉ ⲡⲉⲓ ⲥⲁⲉ̄ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϥⲡⲣⲟⲥⲟⲡⲟⲛ • Ϩⲛ̄ⲕⲟⲟⲩⲉ ϫⲉ\nⲡⲉⲓ ϣⲏⲣⲉ ϣⲏⲙ • ⲉϥⲧⲟⲟⲙⲉ ⲉ ⲧⲙⲛ︤ⲧ︦ⲣ︦ⲣ︥ⲟ • ϩⲛ̄ⲕⲟⲟⲩⲉ\nϫⲉ ⲡⲉⲓ ⲥⲡⲁⲑⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ • ⲛⲉⲣⲉ ⲡⲣ︤ⲣ︥ⲟ ⲟⲩⲟⲗⲥ̄ ⲛ̄ϩⲏⲧ • ⲉ ⲧⲃⲉ","english":"You have no brother there, O my son. Take my consolation outside of him. Truly, I gaze upon your face continually, like an angel of God. I have not consoled myself another time, because they have covered your radiant face. Simply, a great weeping is poured out throughout the entire city of Antioch. Some say, \"This sage in his countenance.\" Others say, \"This young child is being prepared for the kingdom.\" Others say, \"This spatharios, the king is grieved in his heart because of...","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic ⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ (Greek ἄγγελος) is rendered 'angel' per the pinned glossary; here it compares the speaker's gaze to that of an angel of God, a standard hagiographic trope.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ","severity":"info","text":"ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ (with definite article) is the standard Sahidic term for God in Christian texts, as per the pinned glossary.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁⲛϯⲟ̄ⲭⲓⲁ","severity":"info","text":"Antioch (ⲁⲛϯⲟ̄ⲭⲓⲁ) is the setting; the city's mourning over Theodore aligns with the encomium's hagiographic context, where the saint's death or suffering elicits communal grief.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The passage shifts from direct apostrophe ('O my son') to reported speech of the city's inhabitants, a common homiletic device to dramatize collective lament.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲥⲁⲉ̄","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic ⲥⲁⲉ̄ (sage) is ambiguous: it could mean a wise man or a scholar; the English draft renders it 'sage', but the term may also carry monastic overtones in this corpus.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase ⲧⲁϫⲓ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲁ ⲥⲟⲗⲥⲗ̄ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ⲛ̄ϩⲏⲧϥ̄ is rendered 'Take my consolation outside of him', but the referent of 'him' is unclear—possibly Theodore or another figure.","The Coptic ⲥⲁⲉ̄ may be read as 'sage' or 'monk'; the context does not disambiguate."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":41,"ref":"p41","source":"ⲧⲗⲩⲡⲏ ⲛ̄ ⲕⲗⲁⲩϯⲟⲥ ⲡⲉϥϣⲏⲣⲉ • Ⲉⲓⲧⲁ ⲙⲛ︦ⲛ︦ⲥⲁ ⲛⲁⲓ • ⲁ\nⲥⲟⲧⲉⲣⲓⲭⲟⲥ ⲡⲉⲓⲱⲧ ⲛ̄ ⲁⲡⲁ ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ • ϯ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϥ ⲟⲩⲟⲓ\nⲉ ⲣⲟϥ • ⲉϥϫⲱ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲥ • ϫⲉ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲱⲛϩ̄ ϣⲁ ⲉⲛⲉϩ • ⲉϣϫⲉ\nⲁⲩϥⲓ ⲛ̄ ⲕⲗⲁⲩϯⲟⲥ ⲡⲉⲕϣⲏⲣⲉ • ⲉⲓⲥ ⲡϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲛ̄\nⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲣⲥⲟⲥ • ⲁⲩⲛ̄|ⲧϥ̄ ϣⲁ ⲣⲟⲕ ϩⲱⲱⲕ ⲉϥⲟⲛⲉϩ • ⲙⲁ ϫⲛⲟⲩϥ • ⲧⲁⲣⲉϥⲥϩⲁⲓ ϣⲁ ⲡⲉϥⲉⲓⲱⲧ • ⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲕⲗⲁⲩⲇⲓⲟⲥ\nⲡⲉⲕϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲟⲛϩ̄ • ϥⲛⲁⲕⲁⲁϥ ⲛⲁⲕ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ⲛⲅ̄ ⲕⲱ ⲙ̄\nⲡⲉϥϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲱⲱϥ • Ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲛ̄ ⲥⲟⲧⲉⲣⲓⲭⲟⲥ • ϫⲉ ϫⲟⲟⲩ ⲛ̄ⲥⲁ • ⲡⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ • ⲛϥ̄ⲉⲓⲛⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡϣⲏⲣⲉ\nⲙ̄ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ⲛ︦ⲛ︦ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲣⲥⲟⲥ • ϣⲁ ⲣⲟⲕ ⲛϥ̄ⲥϩⲁⲓ ϣⲁ\nⲡⲉϥⲉⲓⲱⲧ • ⲉ ⲧⲃⲉ ⲡⲁ ⲙⲉⲣⲓⲧ ⲛ̄ ϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲕⲗⲁⲩⲇⲓⲟⲥ • Ⲉⲧⲉⲓ (sic) ⲙⲛ︦ⲛ︦ⲥⲁ ⲛⲁⲓ • ⲉⲩⲥⲕⲉⲡⲧⲉⲓ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲟⲩ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲩⲉⲣⲏⲩ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲉⲃⲟⲧ • ⲁ ⲛⲉⲥϩⲁⲓ ⲛ̄ ⲕⲗⲁⲩϯⲟⲥ • ⲉⲓ ⲉ ϩⲟⲩⲛ\nⲉ ⲧⲁⲛϯⲟⲭⲓⲁ • Ⲱ̄ ϫⲉ ⲁⲟⲩⲏⲣ ⲛ̄ | ⲣⲁϣⲉ • ϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲙ̄\nⲡⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ ⲉⲧ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲩ • ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣ ⲟⲩⲱϣ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲥϩⲁⲓ ⲁⲩϩⲉ\nⲉ ⲡⲣⲁⲛ • ⲙ̄ ⲡϩⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ ⲡⲁⲛⲁⲧⲟⲗⲁⲓⲟⲥ • ⲉⲣⲉ\nⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲁⲓⲧⲉⲓ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ • ⲉ ⲧⲣⲉ ϥⲛⲁⲩ ⲉ ⲣⲟϥ • Ⲁⲩⲱ\nⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲩⲛⲟⲩ ⲁ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ϫⲟⲟⲩ ⲛ̄ⲥⲱϥ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲡⲉϥⲁⲣⲓⲑⲙⲟⲥ\nⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲧⲟⲓ • ⲛⲉϥϩⲛ̄ ⲙ̄ ⲙⲁ ⲛ̄ ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲉ ⲧⲃⲉ ⲛ̄ⲃⲁⲣⲃⲁⲣⲟⲥ • ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ϫⲉ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉ ϥⲉⲓⲙⲉ • ⲉ ⲡⲉⲛⲧ ⲁϥϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲛ̄\nⲕⲗⲁⲩϯⲟⲥ • Ⲉⲓⲧⲁ ⲙⲛ︦ⲛ︦ⲥⲁ ⲛⲁⲓ • ⲁ ⲡϩⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ • ⲉⲓ ⲉ ⲡⲡⲁⲗⲗⲁϯⲟⲛ • ⲁϥϩⲉ ⲛ̄ϩⲙ̄ϩⲁⲗ ⲛ̄ ⲕⲗⲁⲩϯⲟⲥ • ⲉⲣⲉ\nⲛⲉⲩϩⲟⲓⲧⲉ ⲡⲏϩ ϩⲓⲱⲟⲩ • ⲁϥϣⲓⲛⲉ ϫⲉ ⲟⲩ ⲡⲉⲧ ϣⲟⲟⲡ • ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲉⲣ | ϩⲏⲃⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲓ ϩⲉ ⲧⲏⲣⲥ̄ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁⲩⲧⲁⲙⲟϥ • ⲉ\nⲡⲉⲛⲧ ⲁϥϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡϩⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲕⲗⲁⲩϯⲟⲥ • ⲁϥⲣⲓⲙⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲧⲉ\nⲉ ⲧⲃⲏⲏⲧϥ̄ •","english":"The grief of Claudius his son. After these things, Soterichus the father of Apa Theodore gave his lament over him, saying, \"The king lives forever. If they have taken Claudius your son, behold the son of the king of the Persians has been brought to you himself alive. Question him, that he may write to his father. If Claudius your son lives, he will release him to you. You release his son in turn.\" King Soterichus said, \"Send for the chief bishop to bring the son of the king of the Persians to you, that he may write to his father concerning my beloved son Claudius.\" After these things, they conspired together for a month. The letters of Claudius came into Antioch. Oh, what great joy occurred on that day! When the letters were read, they came upon the name of the holy Theodore the Anatolian. The king requested him to see his lament. And immediately the king sent after him with his number of soldiers, for they were in the guard posts because of the barbarians, since he did not know what had happened to Claudius. After these things, the holy Theodore came to the palace. He found the servants of Claudius with their garments torn upon them. He asked, \"What is happening that you are all in this state?\" And they informed him of what had happened to the holy Claudius. He wept greatly because of him.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ (p-rro) is the standard word for 'king'. Here it refers to Soterichus, a character whose historicity is uncertain.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"ⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ (archēepiskopos) is rendered 'archbishop' per the pinned glossary. In the Coptic tradition it can denote the patriarch of Alexandria, but here it is used generically for a high-ranking bishop.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲡⲁⲛⲁⲧⲟⲗⲁⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"ⲡⲁⲛⲁⲧⲟⲗⲁⲓⲟⲥ (panatolaios) is a Greek loanword meaning 'the Anatolian' or 'from the East'. It is used as an epithet for Theodore, possibly indicating his origin or a title.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"external","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The narrative involves a Persian king's son and a hostage exchange, reflecting late antique diplomatic practices between the Roman and Sasanian empires. Such exchanges are attested in historical sources.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage is a narrative unit that advances the plot: the grief of Claudius's father, the king's offer of a hostage exchange, and Theodore's discovery of Claudius's death. The repeated phrase 'After these things' (Ⲉⲓⲧⲁ ⲙⲛ︦ⲛ︦ⲥⲁ ⲛⲁⲓ) marks temporal transitions.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲉⲧⲉⲓ","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic ⲉⲧⲉⲓ (etei) is likely a scribal error for ⲉⲧⲉ (ete) 'and' or ⲉⲧⲉⲓⲉ (eteie) 'after'. The translation follows the sense of the context as 'after these things'.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of 'the king' (Soterichus) is ambiguous; he may be a fictional or conflated figure. The phrase 'the son of the king of the Persians' is not named, leaving his identity unclear. The exact sequence of events after the letters arrive is compressed."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":42,"ref":"p42","source":"ⲁϥⲃⲱⲕ ⲇⲉ ⲉ ϩⲟⲩⲛ ϣⲁ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ⲁϥⲁⲝⲓⲟⲩ\nⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ ⲉ ⲧⲃⲉ ⲕⲗⲁⲩϯⲟⲥ ⲡⲉϥϣⲏⲣⲉ • Ⲉⲛⲉϥϫⲱ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲥ\nⲛⲁϥ • ϫⲉ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲣ ⲙ̄ⲕⲁϩ ⲛ̄ϩⲏⲧ ⲱ̄ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲡⲉⲧⲛⲁⲃⲱⲕ • ⲧⲁⲉⲓⲛⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲕⲗⲁⲩⲇⲓⲟⲥ ⲡⲁ ⲥⲟⲛ ⲛⲁⲕ • ⲉ ⲡⲉⲓ\nⲙⲁ • ⲉⲥϣⲁⲛϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲧⲁⲙⲟⲩ ⲛⲙ̄ⲙⲁϥ • ϯⲛⲁⲕⲁ ⲧⲟⲟⲧ\nⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ⲁⲛ • ϣⲁⲛ ⲧⲁⲉⲛⲧϥ̄ ϣⲁ ⲣⲟⲕ • Ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲇⲉ ⲁϥⲉⲣ\nⲡⲥⲟϥⲧⲉ ⲧⲏⲣϥ̄ • ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲩⲁⲡⲟⲇⲩ|ⲙⲓⲁ • ⲉ ⲧⲣⲉ ⲩⲧⲁⲁⲩ ⲉ\nⲧⲉϩⲓⲏ • Ⲧⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲱ ⲇⲉ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉ ⲥⲡⲓⲑⲉ • ⲛ̄ϫⲟⲟⲩ ⲛ̄ ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ • ⲉ ⲧⲃⲉ ⲡⲉⲥϣⲏⲣⲉ ϫⲉ ⲛ̄ⲛⲉ ⲡⲣ︤ⲣ︥ⲟ ⲁⲙⲁϩⲧⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ • ⲉ","english":"He went in to the king and asked him about Claudius his son, saying to him, \"Do not be grieved, O king. I am the one who will go and bring Claudius, my brother, to you to this place. If it happens that I die with him, I will not let go until I bring him to your door.\" The king made all the preparations for the apodemia, to send them on the way. The queen did not persuade them to send Theodore because of her son, lest the king seize him.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁⲡⲟⲇⲩ|ⲙⲓⲁ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic word ⲁⲡⲟⲇⲩⲙⲓⲁ (apodemia) is a Greek loanword meaning 'journey abroad' or 'departure'. Here it refers to the king's preparations for sending Theodore on a mission.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The queen's attempt to prevent Theodore's departure reflects a court intrigue typical in hagiographic narratives, where a ruler's family member fears for a saint's safety or for political repercussions.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage continues the narrative sequence of Theodore's voluntary offer to retrieve Claudius, following the lament of Soterichus in the previous passage. The king's preparations and the queen's objection build tension before the journey.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲧⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲱ","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic ⲧⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲱ (queen) is a variant spelling of ⲧⲣⲣⲱ; the text is clear here, but the queen's name is not given, and her role is ambiguous in the broader narrative.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The Coptic phrase ⲉⲥϣⲁⲛϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲧⲁⲙⲟⲩ ⲛⲙ̄ⲙⲁϥ is ambiguous: it could mean 'if it happens that I die with him' (as translated) or 'if it happens that I am with him' without implying death. The reading 'die' is supported by the context of Theodore's risky mission.","The queen's motivation is not fully explicit: she may fear for Theodore's life or for political consequences if the king seizes him. The text leaves her exact concern open."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":43,"ref":"p43","source":"ⲃⲟⲗ ϫⲉ ⲛⲉⲥⲙⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ ⲉ ⲡⲉϩⲟⲩⲟ • Ⲉⲛⲉ ⲥϫⲱ ⲇⲉ\nⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲉⲓⲉⲣ ϩⲟⲧⲉ • ϫⲉ ⲛ̄ⲛⲉ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲁⲙⲁϩⲧⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲟⲩ • ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲥⲛⲁⲩ • ⲧⲁⲗⲩⲡⲏ ⲉ ⲧⲃⲏⲏⲧⲟⲩ • Ⲉⲓⲧⲁ ⲁ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ\nϫⲟⲟⲩ ⲛ̄ⲥⲁ ⲡⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ • ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲡⲁ\nⲉⲓⲱⲧ ⲉⲧ ⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ • ϩⲁⲣⲉϩ ⲉ ⲡϣⲏⲣⲉ • ⲙ̄ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲉⲧ\nϭⲁⲗⲏⲩ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲕ • ϣⲁⲛ ⲧⲁϣⲓⲛⲉ ⲛ̄ⲥⲱϥ ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲟⲧⲕ̄ • ⲉ ⲧⲃⲉ • ϫⲉ ⲁⲓⲉⲣ ⲉⲓⲣⲏⲛⲏ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲡⲉϥⲉⲓⲱⲧ • ⲛϥ̄ϫⲟⲟⲩ | ⲙ̄ ⲡⲁ\nϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲛⲁⲓ • ⲧⲁϫⲟⲟⲩ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϥϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲛⲁϥ ϩⲱⲱϥ • Ⲡⲉϫⲉ\nⲡⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ ⲛⲁϥ • ϫⲉ ⲡⲁ ϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︥ⲟ ϥϩⲙ̄\nⲡⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲓⲟⲛ ⲛⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲓ • ⲟⲩⲇⲣⲁⲡⲩⲍⲁ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲱⲧ ⲧⲉⲧ ⲉⲓ • ⲟⲩⲱⲙ ϩⲓ ϫⲱⲥ ⲛⲙ̄ⲙⲁϥ • ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ⲉⲣⲉ ⲟⲩⲙⲁⲉⲓⲛ ⲛ̄\nⲥⲟⲧⲉ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲉ ⲡⲡⲟⲗⲁⲓⲙⲟⲥ • ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϥⲥⲡⲓⲣ ⲉϥϣⲱⲛⲉ ⲉ\nⲣⲟϥ • Ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ • ϫⲉ ϫⲓ ⲛ\nⲟⲩⲥⲁⲉⲓⲛ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲉ ⲧⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲉ ϩⲟⲩⲛ ϣⲁ ⲣⲟϥ • ⲛϥ̄ⲧⲁⲗϭⲟϥ ϣⲁⲛ ⲧⲁⲥϩⲁⲓ • ϣⲁ ⲡⲉϥⲉⲓⲱⲧ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲥⲃ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲕ̄ ⲱ̄\nⲡⲁ ⲉⲓⲱⲧ • ⲛⲅ̄ ⲃⲱⲕ ⲉ ⲣⲁⲧϥ̄ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ⲛ̄ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲣⲥⲟⲥ • ⲛⲅ̄ | ⲉⲓⲛⲉ ⲛⲁⲓ ⲛ̄ ⲕⲗⲁⲩϯⲟⲥ ⲡⲁ ϣⲏⲣⲉ • ϫⲉ ϯⲗⲩⲡⲏ\nⲉ ⲧⲃⲏⲏⲧϥ̄ • Ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ ⲛⲁϥ • ϫⲉ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ\nⲧⲉⲕⲕⲉⲗⲉⲩⲥⲓⲥ • ⲡⲉⲕϩⲙ̄ϩⲁⲗ ⲛⲁⲃⲱⲕ ϩⲛ̄ ⲟⲩϭⲉⲡⲏ • Ⲁⲩⲱ\nⲁ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲟⲩ ⲛ̄ ϩⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲧⲟⲓ • ⲙⲛ̄ ϩⲛ̄ⲛⲟϭ ⲛ̄ⲧⲉ\nⲧⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲣ︦ⲣⲟ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲙⲏⲏϣⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲉⲓⲟ ⲉⲧ ⲟϣ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲡϩⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁⲩⲕⲱ ⲙ̄ ⲡϣⲏⲣⲉ • ⲙ̄ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ\nⲛ̄ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲣⲥⲟⲥ ϩⲁ ⲧⲟⲟⲧ • ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲡⲉⲓ ⲉⲗⲁⲭⲓⲥⲧⲟⲥ ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ • ⲉⲓⲟ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲣⲉⲥⲃⲩⲧⲉⲣⲟⲥ • ⲉⲓϣⲟⲟⲡ ϩⲁ ⲑⲩⲡⲟⲧⲁⲕⲏ • ⲙ̄ ⲡⲁ ⲉⲓⲱⲧ • ⲁⲡⲁ ⲕⲁⲓⲟⲥ ⲡⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ • ⲉⲓⲟ ⲛⲁϥ ⲛ̄ ⲇⲓⲁⲧⲟⲭⲟⲥ •","english":"He said, \"She does not know him well. But if she says, 'I am afraid,' so that the king will not seize the two of them, I am grieved for them.\" Then the king sent for the archbishop. He said to him, \"My holy father, keep the king's son who is entrusted to you until I seek him from you, for I have made peace with his father. He will send my son to me, and I will send his son to him as well.\" The archbishop said to him, \"My lord king, he is in the episcopal residence with me. He does not even eat or sleep with me, but there is a sign of battle on his face, for his spirit is sick.\" The king said to the archbishop, \"Take a sign of the kingdom inside to him, and heal him until I write to his father. And prepare yourself, my father, to go to the king of the Persians, and bring me Claudius, my son, for I am grieved for him.\" The archbishop said to him, \"According to your command, your servant will go in secret.\" And the king sent soldiers, and great ones of the kingdom, and a great multitude of honor, and the holy Theodore. And they left the son of the king of the Persians behind. I, the least Theodore, being a priest, am under the obedience of my father, Apa Kaios the archbishop, being his successor.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲡⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The title ⲡⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ (archbishop) in Coptic tradition designates the patriarch of Alexandria; here it refers to Apa Kaios, the addressee of the king.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲡⲣⲉⲥⲃⲩⲧⲉⲣⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"ⲡⲣⲉⲥⲃⲩⲧⲉⲣⲟⲥ (presbyter) is the Greek loanword for a priest; the speaker Theodore identifies himself as a presbyter under the archbishop’s obedience.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲉⲓⲣⲏⲛⲏ","severity":"info","text":"ⲉⲓⲣⲏⲛⲏ (peace) is used here in a diplomatic sense: Theodore says he has made peace (ⲁⲓⲉⲣ ⲉⲓⲣⲏⲛⲏ) with the Persian king, not as a liturgical formula.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"background","lemma":"ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲛ̄ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲣⲥⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The 'king of the Persians' (ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲛ̄ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲣⲥⲟⲥ) reflects the late antique topos of a Persian antagonist in hagiographical narratives, often used to heighten the drama of Theodore’s mission.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage shifts from direct speech (Theodore’s plan, the king’s command) to narrative action (sending soldiers, leaving the Persian prince), marking a transition in the homily’s plot.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲟⲩⲇⲣⲁⲡⲩⲍⲁ","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic ⲟⲩⲇⲣⲁⲡⲩⲍⲁ (from Greek ὀδραπυζία?) is obscure; the English draft renders it as 'eat or sleep', but the exact sense is uncertain and may be a scribal error or rare term.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase ⲟⲩⲇⲣⲁⲡⲩⲍⲁ is unclear; the translation 'eat or sleep' is conjectural.","The identity of 'the king' (ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ) is not specified in this passage; context suggests the king of Antioch, but the text does not name him."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲡⲣⲉⲥⲃⲩⲧⲉⲣⲟⲥ","text":"ⲡⲣⲉⲥⲃⲩⲧⲉⲣⲟⲥ → “presbyter”. Greek πρεσβύτερος. 'Presbyter' where the clerical order is at issue; 'elder' where the sense is seniority."},{"kind":"homonym","severity":"caution","term":"ⲡⲣⲉⲥⲃⲩⲧⲉⲣⲟⲥ","text":"ⲡⲣⲉⲥⲃⲩⲧⲉⲣⲟⲥ carries more than one sense (priest, elder); this passage takes it as “presbyter”. The choice is the translator's, not a lexical given."}]},{"i":44,"ref":"p44","source":"Ⲉⲓⲧⲁ ⲙⲛ︦ⲛ︦ⲥⲁ ⲛⲁⲓ | ⲁⲩⲧⲁⲁⲩ\nⲉ ⲧⲉϩⲓⲏ • ϫⲉ ⲉⲩⲛⲁⲃⲱⲕ ⲉ ⲧⲉⲩⲭⲱⲣⲁ ⲛ︦ⲛ︦ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲣⲥⲟⲥ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁⲩϫⲟⲟⲩ • ⲛ̄ ϩⲛ̄ⲃⲁⲓϣⲓⲛⲉ ϩⲓⲑⲏ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲟⲩ • ϫⲉ ⲉⲩⲉⲧⲁⲙⲉ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲛ︦ⲛ︦ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲣⲥⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩⲉⲓ ⲉⲩⲉⲓⲣⲏⲛⲏ • Ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲇⲉ ⲁϥⲕⲩⲣⲓⲍⲉ • ⲛ̄ ⲛⲁ ⲧⲡⲟⲗⲓⲥ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ • ϫⲉ\nⲁⲙⲏⲓⲧⲛ̄ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲏⲧϥ̄ • ⲙ̄ ⲡⲁ ϣⲏⲣⲉ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ ⲡⲁⲛⲁⲧⲟⲗⲁⲓⲟⲥ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥⲉⲓ ⲛⲙ̄ⲙⲁϥ ⲛ̄ⲧⲛ̄ⲉⲓⲙⲉ • ϫⲉ\nⲟⲩⲁϣ ⲙ̄ ⲙⲓⲛⲉ ⲡⲉ • Ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁⲩⲥⲧⲉⲫⲁⲛⲟⲩ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲡⲁⲗⲗⲁ\nϯⲟⲛ ϩⲓⲑⲏ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲟⲩ • ⲁ ⲡⲙⲏⲏϣⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲡⲟⲗⲓⲥ ⲉⲓ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ","english":"After this, they put them on the road, saying that they would go to their country, the Persians. And they sent messengers ahead of them, saying that they would inform the king of the Persians that they had come in peace. The king then proclaimed to the entire city, \"Come out to meet my son and Theodore, my general, who has come with him, so that we may know what kind of thing this is.\" And they crowned the palace again before them. The multitude of the city came out.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲛ︦ⲛ︦ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲣⲥⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'king of the Persians' is a standard epithet in Coptic hagiography for the Sasanian ruler, often cast as a persecutor of Christians.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲁⲛⲁⲧⲟⲗⲁⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Greek loanword ⲡⲁⲛⲁⲧⲟⲗⲁⲓⲟⲥ (anatolios) means 'general of the East' or 'eastern commander', a military title used in late Roman and Byzantine administration.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁⲩⲥⲧⲉⲫⲁⲛⲟⲩ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲡⲁⲗⲗⲁϯⲟⲛ","severity":"info","text":"Crowning the palace (ⲡⲡⲁⲗⲗⲁϯⲟⲛ) was a ceremonial act of honor in late antique cities, often involving garlands or wreaths to welcome dignitaries.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage continues the narrative sequence of the Persian king's preparations to receive his son and Theodore, building toward a public spectacle.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲉⲩⲉⲧⲁⲙⲉ","severity":"caution","text":"The verb ⲉⲩⲉⲧⲁⲙⲉ ('they will inform') is a future conjunctive; the subject is the messengers sent ahead, but the Coptic does not explicitly name them in this clause, relying on context.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of 'the king' in the proclamation is ambiguous: it could be the Persian king or a local ruler; the context suggests the Persian king.","The phrase 'ⲟⲩⲁϣ ⲙ̄ ⲙⲓⲛⲉ ⲡⲉ' ('what kind of thing this is') is vague, possibly referring to the nature of the peace or the identity of Theodore."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":45,"ref":"p45","source":"ϩⲁ ⲧⲉⲩϩⲏ • ϫⲉ ⲛⲉ ⲁ ⲡⲣⲁⲛ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲁⲛⲁⲧⲟⲗⲁⲓ|ⲟⲥ ⲉⲣ ⲥⲟⲉⲓⲧ • ⲉⲓⲧⲁ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣ ⲟⲩⲉⲓ ⲉ ϩⲟⲩⲛ • ⲁ ⲧⲡⲟⲗⲓⲥ ⲧⲏⲣⲥ̄ • ⲛ̄ⲟⲉⲓⲛ\nϣⲁ ϩⲣⲁⲓ ⲉ ⲛⲉϩⲓⲟⲙⲉ • ⲁⲩⲃⲱⲕ ⲉ ϩⲣⲁⲓ ⲉ ⲛⲉϫⲉⲛⲉⲡⲱⲣ • Ⲡⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ ⲇⲉ ⲁⲩⲙⲏⲛⲉⲩⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲛⲁϥ • ϫⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲕ ⲡⲉ ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉϩⲣⲱⲙⲁⲓⲟⲥ • ⲉⲕⲫⲟⲣⲉⲓ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲓ ⲥⲭⲏⲙⲁ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲓ ⲙⲓⲛⲉ • Ⲡⲉϫⲉ\nⲡⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ ⲛⲁϥ • ϫⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲛ ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲁⲛ ⲡⲉ\nⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ • ⲙⲉ ⲅⲉⲛⲟⲓⲧⲟ • ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲡⲉ ⲡⲉϥⲁⲣⲭⲓⲉⲣⲉⲩⲥ • ⲉⲓϣⲗⲗ̄ ϩⲁ ⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲃⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲗⲁⲟⲥ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲁ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ\nⲛ̄ ⲛⲉϩⲣⲱⲙⲁⲓⲟⲥ • ϫⲟⲟⲩⲧ ϣⲁ ⲣⲟⲕ • ⲉ ⲧⲣⲁ ϯ ⲛⲁⲕ ⲛ̄ |\nⲛⲉⲓ ⲇⲱⲣⲟⲛ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲡϣⲙ̄ⲛⲟⲩⲃⲉ • ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲕϣⲏⲣⲉ ϫⲉ ϥⲟⲛϩ̄ • Ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲉ ⲧⲃⲉ ⲟⲩ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉ ⲕⲉⲓⲛⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ\nⲛⲁⲓ • Ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ ⲛⲁϥ • ϫⲉ ⲉϥϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲁⲛϯⲟⲭⲓⲁ • ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ϣⲉ ⲡⲉⲕⲟⲩϫⲁⲓ • ⲱ̄ ⲡⲣ︤ⲣ︥ⲟ • ⲉⲓⲥ ⲡⲉⲕϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲟⲛϩ̄ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲡⲉⲧ ⲛⲁⲉⲛⲧϥ̄ ϣⲁ ⲣⲟⲕ • ⲉⲕϣⲁⲛⲕⲱ ⲛ̄ ⲕⲗⲁⲩϯⲟⲥ ⲛⲁⲓ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • Ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲣ︤ⲣ︥ⲟ ⲛⲁϥ\nϫⲉ ⲉϥⲧⲱⲛ • ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ ⲡⲁⲛⲁⲧⲟⲗⲁⲓⲟⲥ • ⲧⲁⲛⲁⲩ ⲉ\nⲣⲟϥ • Ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ ⲛⲁϥ • ϫⲉ ϥ̄ϩⲓ ⲃⲟⲗ\nⲉ ⲡⲡⲁⲗⲗⲁϯⲟⲛ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲥϩⲁⲓ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲡⲛⲟϭ ⲙ̄\nⲡⲡⲁⲗ|ⲗⲁϯⲟⲛ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲩⲛⲟⲩ ⲁ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲟⲩⲉϩⲥⲁϩⲛⲉ • ⲉ ⲧⲣⲉ ⲩⲛⲧϥ̄ ⲛⲁϥ • Ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲕ ⲡⲉ\nⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ ⲡⲁⲛⲁⲧⲟⲗⲁⲓⲟⲥ • ⲙⲁⲧⲁⲙⲟⲓ ⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩ • ϫⲉ\nⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲧⲉⲕϭⲟⲙ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲁ ⲡⲉⲕⲣⲁⲛ • ⲉⲣ ⲥⲟⲉⲓⲧ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲓ ϩⲉ\nⲧⲏⲣⲥ̄ • Ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡϩⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲛⲁϥ • ϫⲉ ⲧϭⲟⲙ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲧⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ϫⲱⲱⲣⲉ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲡⲡⲟⲗⲁⲓⲙⲟⲥ • ⲛⲁ ⲡϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ ⲛⲉ • ⲁⲩⲱ\nⲡⲉⲓ ⲣⲁⲛ • ⲉⲩⲙⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲓ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ • ⲡⲁⲣⲭⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ\nⲙⲓⲭⲁⲏⲗ •","english":"At that time, the name of the Anatolians became famous. Then, when they entered, the whole city, including the women, went down to the riverbanks. The archbishop, however, was remembered by the king. The king said to him, \"Are you the God of the Romans, wearing this kind of attire?\" The archbishop said to him, \"Far from it, I am not God, may it not be so. But I am his high priest, interceding for the sins of the people whom the king of the Romans sent to you, so that I might give you these gifts and the ransom for your son, that he may live.\" The king said to him, \"Why did you not bring him to me?\" The archbishop said to him, \"He is in Antioch. But your safety, O king, behold your son is alive, and I am the one who will bring him to you, if you release Claudius to me.\" The king said to him, \"Where is Theodore the Anatolian? Let me see him.\" The archbishop said to him, \"He is outside, at the palace, with the king's scribes and the great one of the palace.\" And immediately the king gave orders to bring him to him. The king said to him, \"Are you Theodore the Anatolian? Tell me now, what is your power, that your name has become famous in this way?\" The saint said to him, \"Power, strength, and warfare belong to the Lord, and this name by which I am called is the archangel Michael.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲡⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The title 'archbishop' here refers to the patriarch of Alexandria, a fixed rendering in the Coptic tradition.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ","severity":"info","text":"With the definite article, ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ names God; the king's question 'Are you the God of the Romans?' uses this term.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲡⲁⲣⲭⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The saint identifies himself with the archangel Michael, a fixed rank in Coptic liturgical usage.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁⲛⲁⲧⲟⲗⲁⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The term 'Anatolian' likely refers to a military unit or regional identity from the Roman East, relevant to the narrative's setting.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage is a narrative dialogue, advancing the plot through exchanges between the king, the archbishop, and Theodore.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲣⲁⲛ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲁⲛⲁⲧⲟⲗⲁⲓⲟⲥ ⲉⲣ ⲥⲟⲉⲓⲧ","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase 'the name of the Anatolians became famous' is ambiguous; it may refer to Theodore's renown or to the group's reputation.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The Coptic phrase 'ⲡⲣⲁⲛ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲁⲛⲁⲧⲟⲗⲁⲓⲟⲥ ⲉⲣ ⲥⲟⲉⲓⲧ' could mean either 'the name of the Anatolian became famous' (referring to Theodore) or 'the name of the Anatolians became famous' (as a group). The English draft takes the latter, but the context suggests Theodore's individual fame.","The identity of 'the great one of the palace' (ⲡⲛⲟϭ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲡⲁⲗⲗⲁϯⲟⲛ) is unspecified; it may be a court official or a military commander."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":46,"ref":"p46","source":"ⲁϥⲧⲁⲁϥ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲓ • Ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ\nϯⲛⲁⲕⲁⲁⲕ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ⲁⲛ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉ ⲕⲉⲣ ⲟⲩⲙⲛ︤ⲧ︥ϫⲱⲱⲣⲉ • ϩⲛ̄\nⲧⲉⲓ ⲡⲟⲗⲓⲥ • ⲧⲁⲛⲁⲩ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲕ • Ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲡⲉⲧ ⲟⲩ|ⲁⲁⲃ ⲙ̄\nⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ϫⲉ ⲁⲓⲟⲩⲱ ⲉⲓϫⲟⲟⲥ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲕ • ϫⲉ ⲧϭⲟⲙ ⲙⲛ̄\nⲧⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ϫⲱⲱⲣⲉ • ⲧⲁ ⲡϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ ⲧⲉ • ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ϯϫⲱ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲥ\nⲛⲁⲕ • ϫⲉ ⲉⲛⲉⲓϣⲟⲟⲡ ⲡⲉ • ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲡⲟⲗⲁⲓⲙⲟⲥ • ⲡⲉⲣⲉ\nⲡⲉⲕⲙⲏⲏϣⲉ • ⲛⲁⲉϣϥⲓ ⲁⲛ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲟⲟⲧⲛ̄ ⲕⲗⲁⲩⲇⲓⲟⲥ • ⲡⲗⲏⲛ\nⲕⲁⲁⲧ ⲧⲁⲛⲁⲩ ⲉ ⲕⲗⲁⲩϯⲟⲥ ⲧⲁϭⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϥϣⲓⲛⲉ ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲁⲉⲓⲣⲉ • ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩϭⲟⲙ • ⲛⲅ̄ ⲛⲁⲩ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲥ • Ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ\nⲧⲣⲉ ⲩⲉⲓⲛⲉ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ⲙ̄ ⲡϩⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲕⲗⲁⲩϯⲟⲥ • ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲕⲟⲓⲧⲱⲛ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲱ • ⲁⲩⲧⲁϩⲟϥ ⲉ ⲣⲁⲧϥ̄ ⲉ ⲡϩⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣ ⲉϥⲛⲁⲩ ⲉ ⲣⲟϥ • ⲁϥⲁⲣⲭⲉⲓ ⲛ̄\nⲣⲓⲙⲉ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲡⲕⲉ ⲕⲗⲁⲩϯⲟⲥ • ϩⲓ ⲟⲩⲥⲟⲡ | ⲉⲛⲉⲩϯⲡⲉⲓ ⲉ\nⲡⲙⲁⲕϩ̄ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲩⲉⲣⲏⲩ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲕⲁⲁⲩ • ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩϩⲃ̄ⲇⲱⲙⲁⲥ ⲛ̄ϩⲟⲟⲩ • ⲉⲩϭⲓⲛⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡϣⲓⲛⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲩⲉⲣⲏⲩ • Ⲛ̄\nⲧⲉⲣⲉ ⲧⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲱ ⲇⲉ • ⲛⲁⲩ ⲉ ⲡⲉⲩⲡⲣⲟⲥⲟⲡⲟⲛ • ⲁⲥⲉⲡⲉⲓⲑⲩⲙⲉⲓ\nⲉ ⲣⲟⲟⲩ • ⲁⲥϫⲟⲟⲩ ⲛ̄ⲥⲁ ⲟⲩⲍⲟⲅⲣⲁⲫⲟⲥ • ⲁϥⲙⲉϩ ⲓⲁⲧϥ̄\nϩⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲧ ⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ • ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲥⲛⲁⲩ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁⲩⲥϩⲁⲓ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲩϩⲓⲥⲱⲛ • ⲉ ⲛⲉϫⲟ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲥⲕⲟⲓⲧⲱⲛ • Ⲉⲓⲧⲁ ⲙⲛ︤ⲛ︥ⲥⲁ ⲛⲁⲓ • ⲁ ⲁⲡⲁ ⲕⲗⲁⲩϯⲟⲥ • ϣⲓⲛⲉ ⲛ̄ⲥⲁ ⲡⲟⲩϫⲁⲓ • ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉϥⲣⲱⲙⲉ • ⲛ̄ ⲧⲟⲟⲧϥ̄ ⲙ̄ ⲡϩⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ • ⲁⲩⲱ ϫⲉ ⲁ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ\nⲉⲣ ⲗⲁⲁⲩ ⲛⲁⲕ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲑⲟⲟⲩ • Ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲁϥ • ϫⲉ | ⲙ̄ⲡⲉ\nⲡⲁ ⲙⲉⲣⲓⲧ ⲛ̄ ⲥⲟⲛ • ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ⲉϥϣⲓⲛⲉ ⲛ̄ⲥⲁ ϩⲟⲧⲣⲉⲧ • ϩⲛ̄\nⲟⲩⲅⲁⲙⲙⲟⲥ ⲉⲧ ϫⲁϩⲙ̄ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲧⲉϥϣⲉⲉⲣⲉ • Ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡϩⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ\nⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ ⲛⲁϥ • ϫⲉ ⲛⲅ̄ ⲉⲣ ϩⲟⲧⲉ ⲁⲛ • ⲱ̄ ⲡⲁ ⲙⲉⲣⲓⲧ\nⲛ̄ ⲥⲟⲛ ⲕⲗⲁⲩϯⲟⲥ • ⲉⲓⲥ ⲙⲓⲭⲁⲏⲗ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲅⲁⲃⲣⲓⲏⲗ •","english":"He gave him to me. The king said to him, \"I will not release you. You have not done a brave deed in this city. Let me see you.\" The holy one said to the king, \"I wanted to say to you that strength and bravery belong to the Lord. But I tell you, if it had been in the battle, your army would not have raised their hands against Claudius. However, let me see Claudius, that I may find his inquiry, for I have not yet done a deed of strength. You will see it.\" And the king had the holy Claudius brought out from the king's chamber. He stood him before the holy Theodore. And when he saw him, he began to weep together with the other Claudius, at once, their faces touching each other's necks. And the king left them for a week of days, seeking each other's inquiry. When the queen saw their countenance, she desired them. She sent for a painter. He filled his eyes with the holy ones, both of them. And they wrote their belt on the walls of her chamber. Then after these things, Apa Claudius sought salvation for his men from the holy Theodore, and said, \"Has the king done any evil to you?\" He said to him, \"My beloved brother, no. But he seeks a hostage, a blind pagan, and his daughter.\" The holy Theodore said to him, \"Do not fear, my beloved brother Claudius. Behold, Michael and Gabriel.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲡϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic ϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ is rendered 'Lord' in accordance with the glossary, where it names Christ in homilies. The archbishop's reply that strength belongs to the Lord thus asserts divine authority over the king's claim.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲡⲁ","severity":"info","text":"The title ⲁⲡⲁ is left untranslated as 'Apa' to avoid confusion with biological fatherhood. Here it introduces Claudius as a monastic figure, consistent with the glossary's instruction.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲙⲓⲭⲁⲏⲗ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲅⲁⲃⲣⲓⲏⲗ","severity":"info","text":"The mention of Michael and Gabriel invokes the archangels as protectors, a common hagiographic trope. No specific biblical verse is quoted, but the pairing is standard in Coptic liturgy and apocrypha.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲍⲟⲅⲣⲁⲫⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The term ⲍⲟⲅⲣⲁⲫⲟⲥ (painter) reflects the late antique practice of commissioning portraits of saints for private devotion. The queen's desire to have their likenesses painted on her chamber walls underscores the cult of icons in Coptic Christianity.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage is narrative, advancing the plot through dialogue and action. The king's threat, the archbishop's retort, the weeping reunion, and the queen's intervention form a series of dramatic vignettes typical of Coptic encomia.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲕⲉ ⲕⲗⲁⲩϯⲟⲥ","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase 'the other Claudius' is ambiguous: it may refer to a second person named Claudius or to the same Claudius in a different state. The Coptic ⲡⲕⲉ ⲕⲗⲁⲩϯⲟⲥ could mean 'the other Claudius' or 'the second Claudius'. The translation assumes a second figure, but the text does not clarify.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of 'the other Claudius' (ⲡⲕⲉ ⲕⲗⲁⲩϯⲟⲥ) is unclear: it may be a second person or a variant of the same name.","The phrase 'he gave him to me' (ⲁϥⲧⲁⲁϥ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲓ) lacks an explicit antecedent; the speaker and recipient are inferred from context."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":47,"ref":"p47","source":"ⲟⲛ\nⲥⲟⲃⲉⲧ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲛ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲥⲛⲁⲩ • ϯϫⲱ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲥ ⲛⲁⲕ • ⲱ̄ ⲡⲁ ⲥⲟⲛ • ϫⲉ ⲙⲉⲣⲉ ⲗⲁⲁⲩ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲑⲟⲟⲩ ϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲛ • Ⲉⲓⲧⲁ ⲙⲛ︦ⲛ︦ⲥⲁ ⲟⲩⲉⲃⲟⲧ ⲛ̄ϩⲟⲟⲩ • ⲁ ⲡⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ • ϯ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϥⲟⲩⲟⲓ • ⲉ ⲡⲣ︤ⲣ︥ⲟ ⲉϥϫⲱ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲥ • ϫⲉ ⲡⲉⲛϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ |\nⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ⲁ ⲡϩⲱⲃ ⲣⲱϣⲉ • ⲉⲛϣⲟⲟⲡ ϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲓ ⲭⲱⲣⲁ ⲧⲁⲓ • ⲕⲁⲁⲛ | ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ⲧⲛ̄ⲃⲱⲕ ⲉ ⲧⲛ̄ⲭⲱⲣⲁ • ⲧⲛ̄ϫⲟⲟⲩ ⲙ̄\nⲡⲉⲕϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲛⲁⲕ • Ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲛⲁϥ • ϫⲉ ⲛ̄ ϯⲛⲁⲕⲁ\nⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ⲁⲛ • ϣⲁⲛⲧ ⲉⲕϫⲟⲟⲩ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲁ ϣⲏⲣⲉ\nⲛⲁⲓ ⲉϥⲟⲩⲟϫ • Ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲓ ϩⲉ ⲁ ⲡⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ • ⲧⲁⲙⲉ ⲡϩⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ • ⲉ ⲡϣⲁϫⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • Ⲁⲥϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲇⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϥⲣⲁⲥⲧⲉ • ⲁ ⲧⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲱ ϯ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲥⲟⲩⲟⲓ\nⲉ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ⲁⲥⲉⲧⲉⲓ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ • ϫⲉ ⲉⲕⲉϯ ⲛ̄ⲧⲛ̄ϣⲉⲉⲣⲉ • ⲛ̄\nⲕⲗⲁⲩϯⲟⲥ ⲛ̄ ⲥϩⲓⲙⲉ • ϫⲉ ⲛⲉⲥⲙⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ ⲉ ⲡⲉϩⲟⲩⲟ • Ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲁⲡⲁ ⲕⲗⲁⲩⲇⲓⲟⲥ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲣ︤ⲣ︥ⲱ • ϫⲉ ⲁ ⲛⲁ ⲉⲓⲟⲧⲉ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲡⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ • ⲟⲩⲱ ⲉⲩϩⲱ|ⲧⲣ̄ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲓ • ϩⲙ̄\nⲡⲅⲁⲙⲙⲟⲥ • ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧ ⲉⲓⲉⲓ ⲉ ⲡⲉⲓ ⲙⲁ • ⲙⲛ̄ϭⲟⲙ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲓ •","english":"again, prepare for the second one. For I say to you, O my brother, that no evil will happen to us. Then after a month of days, the archbishop gave his consent to the king, saying, \"Our lord the king, the matter has become difficult. We who are in this region, let us go out, let us go to our region, let us send your son to you.\" The king said to him, \"I will not release Theodore until you send my son to me safely.\" And in this way, the archbishop informed the holy Theodore of the king's words. It happened on his feast day that the queen gave her consent to the king, she begged him, saying, \"Give our daughter Claudia as a wife to him, for she loves him greatly.\" Apa Claudius said to the queen, \"My fathers and the archbishop have urged me and bound me in the marriage, but I have not come to this place, I have no power.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The title ⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ is rendered 'archbishop' per the pinned glossary, referring to the patriarch of Alexandria in Coptic tradition.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲡⲁ","severity":"info","text":"The title ⲁⲡⲁ is left as 'Apa' to distinguish it from biological 'father' in the same sentence, following the pinned glossary.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage is a narrative unit that continues the dialogue between the king, the archbishop, and the queen, advancing the plot of Theodore's release and the marriage proposal for Claudia.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The mention of a 'feast day' (ⲣⲁⲥⲧⲉ) for Theodore suggests a liturgical commemoration, consistent with the encomium genre that celebrates a saint's festival.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic phrase ⲁⲥⲉⲧⲉⲓ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ (she begged him) is ambiguous: it could mean 'she entreated' or 'she urged,' but the context of a queen petitioning the king supports the reading 'begged.'","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase ⲁⲥⲉⲧⲉⲓ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ is ambiguous between 'she begged him' and 'she urged him'; the context of a queen petitioning the king supports the former.","The clause ⲙⲛ̄ϭⲟⲙ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲓ (I have no power) could be read as a statement of inability or a refusal; the narrative context suggests a claim of lack of authority."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":48,"ref":"p48","source":"ⲉ ⲡⲱⲣϫ̄ ⲉ ⲣⲟϥ • ⲧⲁⲧⲁⲕⲉ ⲡⲛⲟⲙⲟⲥ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲁⲉⲓⲟⲧⲉ • Ⲉⲓⲧⲁ\nⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣⲉ ⲥⲛⲁⲩ ⲛ̄ϭⲓ ⲧⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲱ • ϫⲉ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉ ⲥⲉϣⲡⲱⲱⲛⲉ ⲙ̄\nⲡⲉⲩⲗⲟⲅⲓⲥⲙⲟⲥ • ⲁⲥϭⲱⲛⲧ̄ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲧⲉ ⲉⲥϫⲱ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲥ • ϫⲉ\nⲉⲩⲧⲙⲉⲓⲛⲉ ⲛⲁⲓ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲁ ϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲛ̄ ϣⲟⲣⲡ̄ • ⲛ̄ ϯⲛⲁⲕⲁ\nⲧⲏⲩⲧⲛ̄ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ⲁⲛ • Ⲉⲓⲧⲁ ⲙⲛ︦ⲛ︦ⲥⲁ ⲛⲁⲓ ⲉⲩϣⲟⲟⲡ ϩⲙ̄\nⲡⲉϣⲧⲉⲕⲟ • ⲉⲓⲥ ⲙⲓⲭⲁⲏⲗ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲅⲁⲃⲣⲓⲏⲗ • ⲁⲩⲉⲓ ⲉ\nⲡⲉⲥⲏⲧ • ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲡⲉ • ⲉⲩⲟ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲥⲙⲟⲧ ⲛ̄ ϩⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲧⲟⲓ • ⲉⲩⲱϣ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ⲉⲩϫⲱ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲥ • ϫⲉ ⲱ̄ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲣⲥⲟⲥ • ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲙⲟⲟⲥ | ⲧⲉⲧⲛ︦ⲣ︦ ⲟⲩ • ⲉⲓⲥ ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ ⲡⲁⲛⲁⲧⲟⲗⲁⲓⲟⲥ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲕⲗⲁⲩⲇⲓⲟⲥ • ⲁⲩⲉⲓ ⲉ ϫⲱⲧⲛ̄ ⲉ ⲃⲉⲧ ⲧⲏⲩⲧⲛ̄ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ⲥⲉⲛⲁⲙⲓϣⲉ ϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲩⲥⲏⲃⲉ • ⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲣ̄ ϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ • ⲛ̄ϭⲓ ⲧⲉⲩϭⲓϫ • Ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁ ⲡⲉϩⲣⲟⲟⲩ ⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ • ⲙⲉϩ ⲧⲡⲟⲗⲓⲥ ⲧⲏⲣⲥ̄ • ⲁⲩⲛⲟϭ ⲛ̄ ϩⲟⲧⲉ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲟⲩϣⲧⲟⲣⲧⲣ̄ • ⲁⲙⲁϩⲧⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲟⲩ • ⲛ̄ⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ ⲇⲉ • ⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲛ ⲛ̄ⲣⲟ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϣⲧⲉⲕⲟ • ⲁⲩⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲩ\nⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ⲁ ⲙⲓⲭⲁⲏⲗ ⲥⲟⲟⲩⲧⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉϥⲥⲏⲃⲉ • ⲉ ⲡϩⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ\nⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁ ⲅⲁⲃⲣⲓⲏⲗ • ⲥⲟⲟⲩⲧⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉϥⲥⲏⲃⲉ\nⲛ̄ ⲕⲱϩⲧ̄ • ⲉ ⲕⲗⲁⲩϯⲟⲥ • ⲉ ⲧⲣⲉ ⲩⲙⲓϣⲉ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲣⲥⲟⲥ • Ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁ ⲡϩⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ ⲱϣ | ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ⲉϫⲛ̄\nⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲣⲥⲟⲥ • ⲉϥϫⲱ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲥ • ϫⲉ ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲡⲉ ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ • ⲡⲁⲛⲁⲧⲟⲗⲁⲓⲟⲥ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲓⲉⲓ ⲉ ⲃⲉⲧ ⲧⲏⲩⲧⲛ̄ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ⲁⲛⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ ϩⲣⲁ • ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲩϩⲣⲟⲟⲩ ϫⲓⲛⲉ ϫⲱⲥ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲡⲟⲗⲓⲥ ϣⲁ\nϫⲱⲥ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁⲛϫⲱⲱⲣⲉ ⲉⲣ ϩⲟⲧⲉ • ⲁⲛⲇⲩⲛⲁⲧⲟⲥ ⲛⲉϫ\nⲛⲉⲩⲥⲏⲃⲉ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ⲁⲩⲡⲱⲧ ⲁⲛⲉⲗⲉⲩⲑⲉⲣⲟⲥ ⲉⲣ ϩⲟⲧⲉ • ⲁ\nⲛⲉⲧ ϫⲓ ⲉⲕⲓⲃⲉ • ⲉⲣ ϩⲟⲧⲉ ⲁⲩⲡⲱⲧ • Ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲩⲛⲟⲩ ⲁⲩⲙⲓϣⲉ\nⲙⲛ̄ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲣⲥⲟⲥ • ϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲙⲏⲧⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲡⲗⲁϯⲁ • ⲁⲩⲙⲟⲩⲟⲩⲧ\nⲛ̄ϫⲟⲩⲧⲟⲩ ⲉⲛϣⲟ •","english":"to separate him from his mouth. I will destroy the law of the fathers. Then\nwhen the two of them, the queen, said, \"They have not changed\ntheir mind,\" she became angry alone, saying,\n\"If they do not bring me my firstborn son,\nI will not release you.\" Then after these things, while they were in\nprison, behold, Michael\nand Gabriel came down\nfrom heaven, in the form of soldiers,\ncrying out,\nsaying, \"O Persians, why do you sit? What are you doing?\nBehold, Theodore the Anatolian\nand Claudius have come to cut you down, to release you.\nThey will fight with their swords,\nand their hand will prevail.\" And the voice of the angels\nfilled the whole city. A great fear and\ntrembling seized them.\nBut the angels opened the door of the prison and brought them\nout. Michael\nstretched out his sword toward the holy\nTheodore, and Gabriel\nstretched out his sword\nof fire toward Claudius, so that they might fight with the Persians.\nAnd the holy Theodore cried\nout to the Persians,\nsaying, \"I am Theodore\nthe Anatolian. I have come to release you.\nThe angels, their voice from one end of the city to the other,\nand we have become strong, we have become afraid.\nThe mighty ones threw\ntheir swords away. The free ones fled in fear.\nThose who were in fetters\nfled in fear. Immediately they fought\nwith the Persians in the middle of the plain.\nThey killed ten thousand of them.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic term ⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ (angel) is used here for Michael and Gabriel, consistent with the glossary's rendering of 'angel' for divine messengers.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲧⲡⲉ","severity":"info","text":"ⲧⲡⲉ (heaven) is the abode of God, as per the glossary; here it is the place from which Michael and Gabriel descend, not a cosmological 'sky'.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ","severity":"info","text":"ϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ (Lord) in the phrase 'their hand will prevail' (ⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲣ̄ ϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ) carries the everyday sense of 'master' or 'prevail', not a divine title.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"ⲡϩⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ (the holy Theodore) uses ⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ adjectivally, naming Theodore as a saint, consistent with the glossary's usage.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"external","lemma":"ⲙⲓⲭⲁⲏⲗ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲅⲁⲃⲣⲓⲏⲗ","severity":"info","text":"Michael and Gabriel, archangels in Christian tradition, appear as soldiers to liberate Theodore and Claudius, a motif common in Coptic hagiography.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage shifts from narrative of the queen's anger to a dramatic angelic intervention, marked by ⲉⲓⲧⲁ ⲙⲛ︦ⲛ︦ⲥⲁ ⲛⲁⲓ (then after these things), typical of homiletic storytelling.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase ⲉ ⲡⲱⲣϫ̄ ⲉ ⲣⲟϥ (to separate him from his mouth) is obscure; it may be a textual corruption or a metaphor for silencing or betrayal.","The identity of 'the two of them, the queen' is unclear; it may refer to the queen and another figure, or be a scribal error."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":49,"ref":"p49","source":"ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲛ̄ ϩⲏⲧⲟⲩ • Ⲛⲉⲣⲉ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲣⲥⲟⲥ • ⲱϣ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ϫⲉ ϩⲱ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲕ ⲱ̄ ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ • ⲡⲁⲛⲁ|ⲧⲟⲗⲁⲓⲟⲥ • ⲁⲕϥⲓ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲙⲁ ⲧⲏⲣϥ̄ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁⲩⲕⲟⲧⲟⲩ ⲉ\nϩⲟⲩⲛ ⲉ ⲧⲡⲟⲗⲓⲥ • ⲁⲩⲧⲱⲣⲡ̄ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲣ︤ⲣ︥ⲟ ϩⲓϫⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϥⲑⲣⲟⲛⲟⲥ • ⲁⲩⲉⲛⲧϥ̄ ⲡⲃⲟⲗ ⲉ ⲧⲡⲟⲗⲓⲥ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲡⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ • Ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲇⲉ ⲁϥⲉⲣ ϣⲡⲏⲣⲉ • ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲛⲧ ⲁϥϣⲱⲡⲉ • ⲛⲉⲣⲉ\nⲡⲉϥⲙⲏⲏϣⲉ ⲧⲏⲣϥ̄ ⲥⲱⲟⲩϩ ⲉ ⲣⲟϥ • ⲙ̄ⲡⲉ ⲗⲁⲁⲩ ⲉϣϭⲙ̄ϭⲟⲙ • ⲉ ⲁⲛϯⲗⲉⲅⲉ ⲛⲁϥ • ⲟⲩⲇⲉ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉ ⲛⲉϥⲇⲩⲛⲁⲧⲟⲥ • ⲉϣϭⲙ̄ϭⲟⲙ ⲉ ⲙⲓϣⲉ ⲛⲙ̄ⲙⲁϥ • ⲉ ⲧⲃⲉ ⲛⲉϥⲙⲛ︤ⲧ︥ϫⲱⲱⲣⲉ •","english":"... apart from them. The Persians cried out, saying, \"Woe to you, O Theodore, the wretched one! For you have taken the entire place, and they turned back into the city. They deposed the king from his throne. They brought him outside the city, along with the archbishop. The king, however, marveled at what had happened. All his multitude was gathered around him. No one was able to contradict him, nor could his soldiers fight against him because of his strength.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"sense","kind":"sense","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The Persians cry out against Theodore, calling him 'wretched' (ⲡⲁⲛⲁⲧⲟⲗⲁⲓⲟⲥ), and accuse him of taking the entire place, leading to the king's deposition and removal from the city with the archbishop.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic term ⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ is rendered 'archbishop' per the pinned glossary, referring to the patriarch of Alexandria in the Coptic tradition.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"background","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The narrative depicts a Persian invasion and the deposition of a king, likely set in the context of the historical Sasanian conquest of Antioch (6th–7th century), though the encomium blends hagiography with legendary elements.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage continues the narrative sequence from the previous passage, where the queen threatens the prisoners; here, the Persians cry out and depose the king, advancing the plot toward Theodore's confrontation.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic phrase ⲁⲩⲧⲱⲣⲡ̄ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲣ︤ⲣ︥ⲟ ϩⲓϫⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϥⲑⲣⲟⲛⲟⲥ is ambiguous: it could mean 'they deposed the king from his throne' or 'they drove the king from his throne'; the English draft takes the former, which is standard.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of 'the Persians' (Ⲛⲉⲣⲉ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲣⲥⲟⲥ) is not further specified; they may be historical Sasanian forces or legendary figures. The phrase ⲁⲩⲧⲱⲣⲡ̄ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲣ︤ⲣ︥ⲟ ϩⲓϫⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϥⲑⲣⲟⲛⲟⲥ could also be read as 'they drove the king from his throne' rather than 'deposed'."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":50,"ref":"p50","source":"Ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ • ϫⲉ ⲙⲏ ⲙ̄ⲡ ⲉⲓϫⲟⲟⲥ\nⲛⲁⲕ • ϫⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲕ ⲡⲉ ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉϩⲣⲱⲙⲁⲓⲟⲥ • | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕϯ\nϭⲟⲙ • ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲓ ϣⲏⲣⲉ ϣⲙ̄ ⲥⲛⲁⲩ • ϣⲁⲛⲧ ⲟⲩϣⲱⲗ • ⲛ︦ ⲧⲉⲓ ⲡⲟⲗⲓⲥ ⲧⲏⲣⲥ̄ • ⲁϫⲛ̄ ⲉⲣ ϩⲟⲧⲉ ϩⲏⲧϥ̄ ⲛ̄ ⲗⲁⲁⲩ • ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲉⲓ ⲛⲟϭ ⲙ̄ⲙⲏⲏϣⲉ ϣⲧⲟⲣⲧⲣ̄ • ⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲉⲣⲑⲉ ⲛ̄\nⲟⲩⲡⲟⲗⲓⲥ ⲉⲥϣⲏϥ • ⲉⲣⲉ ⲥⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲃⲁ ⲙ̄ⲙⲏⲏϣⲉ • ϣⲟⲟⲡ\nⲛ̄ϩⲏⲧⲥ̄ • ⲙ̄ⲡ ⲟⲩⲉϣϭⲙ̄ϭⲟⲙ ⲉ ⲙⲓϣⲉ ⲛⲙ̄ⲙⲁϥ • ⲁⲗⲗⲁ\nⲁⲩⲡⲱⲧ ϩⲛ̄ ⲟⲩϭⲉⲡⲏ • Ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ ⲛⲁϥ • ϫⲉ ⲁⲓⲟⲩⲱ ⲉⲓϫⲟⲟⲥ ⲛⲁⲕ • ⲛ̄ ⲕⲉ ⲥⲟⲡ • ϫⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲁⲛ\nⲡⲉ ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ • ⲙⲉ ⲅⲉⲛⲟⲓⲧⲟ • ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲡⲉ ⲡⲉϥⲁⲣⲭⲓⲉⲣⲉⲩⲥ • Ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡϩⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ • ⲙ̄ ⲡⲣ̄|ⲣ̄ⲟ • ϫⲉ ⲙⲏ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉ ⲕϫⲟⲟⲥ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲓ • ϫⲉ ⲉⲓⲟⲩⲱϣ • ⲉ ⲛⲁⲩ\nⲉⲩϭⲟⲙ • ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲓ ⲧⲟⲟⲧⲛ̄ • ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧ ⲉⲓⲕⲁ ⲧⲏⲩⲧⲛ̄ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ⲉⲓⲥ ϩⲏⲏⲧⲉ ⲅⲁⲣ • ⲁⲕⲛⲁⲩ ⲉⲩⲕⲟⲩⲓ ϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲁ ϭⲟⲙ • ⲉⲣⲉ\nⲡⲁ ⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ϯ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲥ ⲛⲁⲓ • ⲁⲩⲱ ϣⲁ ⲉⲛⲉϩ• ⲙⲉⲣⲉ ⲧⲉϥϭⲟⲙ\nⲱϫⲛ̄ ϩⲛ̄ ⲛⲉϩⲣⲱⲙⲁⲓⲟⲥ • Ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲡⲉⲧ ⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ\nⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ • ϫⲉ ⲛ̄ⲥⲁϥ ⲁⲛⲅ̄ ⲟⲩⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲟⲩ ⲇⲉ ϩⲱⲱϥ\nⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲡⲉ ⲡⲉⲕϩⲙ̄ϩⲁⲗ • ⲁⲙⲟⲩ ϩⲙⲟⲟⲥ ⲛⲁⲕ ϩⲓϫⲙ̄ ⲡⲁ\nⲑⲣⲟⲛⲟⲥ • ⲧⲁϩⲏⲡⲉⲣⲉⲧⲉⲓ ⲛⲁⲕ ϩⲱⲥ ϩⲙ̄ϩⲁⲗ • Ⲡⲉϫⲉ\nⲡⲡⲉⲧ ⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ ⲛⲁϥ • ϫⲉ ⲡⲉⲑⲣⲟⲛⲟⲥ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁ | ⲡⲁ ϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ\nⲉⲣⲏⲧ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ ⲛⲁⲓ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲡⲁ ⲥⲟⲛ ⲕⲗⲁⲩϯⲟⲥ • ⲧⲁⲓ ⲧⲉ\nⲧⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲉⲣⲟ • ⲉⲧ ⲛⲁⲙⲟⲩⲛ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ⲉⲩⲱⲛϩ̄ ϣⲁ ⲉⲛⲉϩ ϩⲙ̄\nⲙ̄ⲡⲏⲩⲉ • ⲛ̄ ⲛⲁ ⲡⲕⲁϩ ⲁⲛ ⲛⲉ • ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ⲛⲁ ⲧⲡⲉ ⲛⲉ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲙⲁⲧⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲟⲩ • ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲥⲛⲁⲩ • ϩⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲡⲟⲗⲓⲥ\nⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲱⲧ • Ⲡⲗⲏⲛ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲣ ⲣ̄ ϩⲟⲧⲉ • ⲱ̄ ⲡⲣ︤ⲣ︥ⲟ • ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲛ\nⲛⲉⲓ ϩⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲛⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩⲕⲱ •","english":"The king said to the archbishop, \"Did I not tell you that you are the God of the Romans? You gave strength to this young man of twenty-two years until he plundered this entire city, without fear of anyone, until this great multitude was thrown into confusion, and they made the city a desolation. The multitude of soldiers who were in it were unable to fight with him, but they fled in secret.\" The archbishop said to him, \"I have already told you once again that I am not God—far from it—but I am his high priest.\" The holy Theodore said to the king, \"Did you not say to me that you wished to see a power from us? I have not yet released you. Behold, you have seen a little of my power. My king gives it to me, and forever his power will not diminish among the Romans.\" The king said to the holy Theodore, \"I am a king no longer, but today I myself am your servant. Come, sit for yourself upon my throne; I will serve you as a servant.\" The holy one said to him, \"The throne which my Lord has built for me and my brother Claudius—this is the kingdom which will endure forever, manifest in the heavens. They are not of the earth, but of the sky, and we will hold both of them in a single city. However, do not fear, O king. Perhaps these saints have built...","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ","severity":"info","text":"The king addresses the archbishop as 'the God of the Romans' (ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉϩⲣⲱⲙⲁⲓⲟⲥ). The definite article marks the Christian God, but the archbishop immediately denies the title, asserting he is only the high priest.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲣⲭⲓⲉⲣⲉⲩⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The archbishop calls himself ⲡⲉϥⲁⲣⲭⲓⲉⲣⲉⲩⲥ, 'his high priest', using a Greek loanword (ἀρχιερεύς). This distinguishes his role from that of the patriarch (ⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ) and emphasizes sacerdotal authority.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ","severity":"info","text":"Theodore refers to 'my Lord' (ⲡⲁ ϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ) who built the throne. In this homily, ϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ names Christ, consistent with the glossary's note that it renders Yahweh in Scripture and Christ in homilies.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲧⲡⲉ","severity":"info","text":"Theodore contrasts 'of the earth' (ⲛⲁ ⲡⲕⲁϩ) with 'of the sky' (ⲛⲁ ⲧⲡⲉ). Here ⲧⲡⲉ is the abode of God, not a cosmological sky, as the throne is said to endure 'in the heavens' (ϩⲙ̄ ⲙ̄ⲡⲏⲩⲉ).","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"external","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The motif of a king offering his throne to a saint and serving as a servant echoes hagiographical topoi of imperial humility before holy men, common in late antique Coptic encomia.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲛ ⲛⲉⲓ ϩⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲛⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩⲕⲱ","severity":"caution","text":"The final clause is incomplete in the Coptic: 'Perhaps these saints have built...' (ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲛ ⲛⲉⲓ ϩⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲛⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩⲕⲱ). The English draft supplies 'built' but the verb is missing; the sense is conjectural.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The Coptic ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲛ ⲛⲉⲓ ϩⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲛⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩⲕⲱ is fragmentary; the verb after ⲕⲱ is lost, so the intended action (built? placed?) is uncertain. The English draft reads 'built' based on context.","The phrase ⲛ̄ⲥⲁϥ ⲁⲛⲅ̄ ⲟⲩⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ (the king's self-deposition) is ambiguous: it could mean 'I am no longer a king' (as translated) or 'I am not a king from now on'."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":51,"ref":"p51","source":"ⲙ̄ ⲡⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ ⲉ\nⲃⲟⲗ • ⲁⲩⲉⲛⲧϥ̄ • ⲉ ⲡⲉⲓ ⲙⲁ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲟⲩ ⲟⲛ ⲛⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩϫⲓⲧⲕ̄\nⲉ ⲡⲉⲕⲡⲁⲗⲗⲁϯⲟⲛ • ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲓ ϩⲉ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁⲩϫⲓⲧϥ̄ ⲉϫⲙ̄\nⲡⲉϥⲑⲣⲟⲛⲟⲥ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲉϥⲟⲉ ⲟⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲛⲟϭ ⲛ̄ ϩⲟⲧⲉ • Ⲁⲛⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ\nⲃⲱⲕ • ϩⲁϩⲧⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲣⲡⲉ • ⲉⲧ ⲉⲣⲉ ⲛⲉⲟⲩⲏⲏⲃ | ⲛ̄ϩⲏⲧϥ̄ • ⲁⲩⲱϣ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ⲉⲩϫⲱ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲥ • ϫⲉ ⲁ ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ ⲡⲁⲛⲁⲧⲟⲗⲁⲓⲟⲥ • ⲉⲓ ⲉϫⲛ̄ ⲧⲏⲩⲧⲛ̄ ⲉ ⲃⲉⲧ ⲧⲏⲩⲧⲛ̄ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ⲁⲩⲱ\nⲁⲩϣⲟⲣϣⲣ̄ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲣⲡⲉ ⲉ ⲡⲉⲥⲏⲧ ⲉ ϫⲱⲟⲩ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁⲩⲕⲱϩⲧ̄\nⲙⲟⲩϩ ⲛ̄ϩⲏⲧϥ̄ • Ⲁⲩⲱ ⲟⲛ ⲁ ⲕⲉ ⲛⲟϭ • ⲛ̄ϣⲡⲏⲣⲉ ϣⲱⲡⲉ","english":"of the archbishop outside. They brought him to this place. It was also they who brought you to your palace in this manner, and they placed him upon his throne. At that time, a great fear fell. An angel went near the temple, where the priests were inside. They cried out, saying, \"Theodore the Oriental has come upon you to cast you out.\" And they threw down the temple to the ground, and they filled it with fire. And also another great wonder occurred.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic term ⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ is rendered 'archbishop' per the pinned glossary, referring to the patriarch of Alexandria in the Coptic tradition.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"sense","kind":"sense","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The passage describes the archbishop being brought to a place and placed on his throne, while an angel causes the priests in the temple to cry out that Theodore the Oriental has come to cast them out, leading to the temple's destruction by fire.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This narrative unit continues the preceding scene of the king's speech, shifting to the archbishop's removal and the angelic intervention that precipitates the temple's destruction.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ ⲡⲁⲛⲁⲧⲟⲗⲁⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The epithet 'Theodore the Oriental' (ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ ⲡⲁⲛⲁⲧⲟⲗⲁⲓⲟⲥ) identifies Theodore as a figure from the East, likely Theodore of Antioch, the subject of the encomium.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic phrase ⲁⲩⲉⲛⲧϥ̄ ⲉ ⲡⲉⲓ ⲙⲁ ('they brought him to this place') is ambiguous: the antecedent of 'him' is unclear, possibly the archbishop or Theodore, though the context suggests the archbishop.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of 'him' in ⲁⲩⲉⲛⲧϥ̄ ⲉ ⲡⲉⲓ ⲙⲁ is ambiguous; the reading taken is that it refers to the archbishop, consistent with the preceding narrative."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":52,"ref":"p52","source":"ϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲭⲱⲣⲁ • ⲛ︦ⲛ︦ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲣⲥⲟⲥ • ⲉⲁ ⲡⲁ ⲉⲓⲱⲧ ⲁⲡⲁ ⲕⲁⲓⲟⲥ • ϫⲟⲟⲥ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲓ • ϫⲉ ⲁⲛⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ ⲧⲣⲉ ⲡⲗⲓⲙⲏⲛ • ⲉⲧ ⲉⲣⲉ\nⲛⲉⲓ ϩⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲥⲏϩ ⲉ ⲣⲟϥ • ⲡⲉⲛⲧⲁ ⲧⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲱ ⲕⲁⲗⲓⲟⲡⲓⲍⲉ\nⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ • ⲛ̄ ϩⲟⲩⲛ ⲉ ⲡⲉⲥⲕⲟⲓⲧⲱⲛ • ⲁⲩϩⲱⲗ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ⲉϫⲛ̄\nⲧⲡⲟⲗⲓⲥ ⲧⲏⲣⲥ̄ • ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲥⲙⲟⲧ ⲛ̄ ϩⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲧⲟⲓ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲉ ⲡⲡⲟⲗⲁⲓⲙⲟⲥ • ⲉⲣⲉ | ⲛ̄ⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ ⲱϣ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ϩⲓⲑⲏ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲟⲩ • ⲉⲩϫⲱ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲥ • ϫⲉ ⲉⲓⲥ ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ • ⲡⲁⲛⲁⲧⲟⲗⲁⲓⲟⲥ • ⲁϥⲉⲓ ⲉϫⲱⲧⲛ̄ • ⲉ ⲃⲉⲧ ⲧⲏⲩⲧⲛ̄ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ⲁⲩⲱ ϣⲁ ϩⲣⲁⲓ\nⲉ ⲡⲟⲟⲩ ⲛ̄ϩⲟⲟⲩ • ⲡⲗⲓⲙⲏⲛ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲓ ϩⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ • ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲕⲗⲁⲩϯⲟⲥ • ϩⲏⲗ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲓϫⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲭⲱⲣⲁ ⲧⲏⲣⲥ̄ ⲛ︦ⲛ︦\nⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲣⲥⲟⲥ • Ⲁⲩⲱ ⲉⲣϣⲁⲛ ⲟⲩⲡⲟⲗⲁⲓⲙⲟⲥ • ϣⲱⲡⲉ ϩⲛ̄\nⲧⲙⲏⲧⲉ • ⲛ︦ⲛ︦ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲣⲥⲟⲥ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲛⲉϩⲣⲱⲙⲁⲓⲟⲥ • ⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲁⲣⲭⲉⲓ\nⲙ̄ ⲙⲓϣⲉ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲩⲉⲣⲏⲩ • Ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲩⲛⲟⲩ ϣⲁⲣⲉ ⲡϩⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ\nⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ • ϯ ⲛ̄ⲧⲉϥⲥⲙⲏ ϩⲛ̄ ⲛ̄|ⲧⲟϣ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉϩⲣⲱⲙⲁⲓⲟⲥ • ϫⲉ ⲁ ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ • ⲡⲁⲛⲁⲧⲟⲗⲁⲓⲟⲥ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲕⲗⲁⲩϯⲟⲥ • ⲉⲓ ⲉϫⲱⲧⲛ̄ • ⲉ ⲃⲉⲧ ⲧⲏⲩⲧⲛ̄ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲩⲛⲟⲩ\nϣⲁⲣⲉ ⲛⲉϩⲧⲱⲱⲣ • ⲉⲧ ⲉⲣⲉ ⲛⲉⲩⲗⲓⲙⲏⲛ • ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲥⲛⲁⲩ\nⲧⲁⲗⲏⲩ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲟⲩ • ⲉⲩⲍⲱⲅⲣⲁⲫⲉⲓ ⲛ̄ ϩⲟⲩⲛ ⲉ ⲡⲕⲟⲓⲧⲱⲛ\nⲛ̄ ⲧⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲱ︦ ϣⲁⲩϩⲙ̄ϩⲙ̄ • ⲛ̄ⲥⲉϩⲱⲗ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲩⲛⲟⲩ\nϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲭⲱⲣⲁ ⲛ︤ⲛ︥ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲣⲥⲟⲥ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ • ⲉ ⲧⲃⲉ ⲡⲣⲁⲛ ⲙ̄\nⲡϩⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ • ⲡⲁⲛⲁⲧⲟⲗⲁⲓⲟⲥ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲕⲗⲁⲩϯⲟⲥ\nⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧ ⲟⲩⲙⲓϣⲉ ⲉ ⲡⲧⲏⲣϥ̄ • Ⲉⲓⲧⲁ ⲙⲛ︦ⲛ︦ⲥⲁ ⲛⲁⲓ ⲁⲩⲕⲟⲧⲟⲩ • ⲉ ⲧⲉⲩⲭⲱⲣⲁ ⲁⲛ|ϯⲟⲭⲓⲁ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲡⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲛⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩⲃⲱⲕ ⲛⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲩ • ⲙ̄ⲡ ⲟⲩϫⲓ ⲗⲁⲁⲩ ⲛ̄ ϣⲱⲗ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲉ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲣⲥⲟⲥ ⲛⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲩ • Ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣ ⲟⲩϩⲱⲛ ⲉ ϩⲟⲩⲛ • ⲉ ⲧⲡⲟⲗⲓⲥ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲣ︦ⲣⲟ •","english":"in the country of the Persians, my father Apa Kaios said to me, \"The angel of the harbor of these saints, which is written about him, is the one whom the queen Calliopi brought into her bedchamber. They spread out over the entire city in the form of soldiers of war, while the angels cried out before them, saying, 'Behold, Theodore the recruit has come upon you to drive you out.' And up to this day, the harbor of these saints, Theodore and Claudius, shines over the entire country of the Persians. And if a war occurs between the Persians and the Romans, they begin to fight each other. Immediately, the holy Theodore gives his voice in the borders of the Romans, saying, 'Theodore the recruit and Claudius have come upon you to drive you out.' And immediately, the troops whose harbors are these two are raised up, and they paint inside the bedchamber of the queen. They become warm and spread out immediately in the entire country of the Persians because of the name of the holy Theodore the recruit and Claudius, without any battle at all. Then after these things, they returned to their country, Antioch, with the archbishop and those who went with him. They took no spoil of the Persians with them. And they entered into the city of the kingdom.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"In the Coptic tradition, this term designates the patriarch of Alexandria; here it is rendered neutrally as 'archbishop'.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"Greek ἄγγελος; in this passage it refers to supernatural beings (angels), not human messengers, as they cry out and act in a military manner.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"Adjectivally 'holy'; with the article it names a saint (e.g., 'the holy Theodore'). In the plural, it refers to the saints as a body.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲡⲁ","severity":"info","text":"A title of a monastic father, left as 'Apa' to avoid confusion with biological father. Here it introduces 'Apa Kaios'.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲁⲛⲁⲧⲟⲗⲁⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The epithet 'the recruit' (or 'the Oriental') for Theodore is a key identifier in this encomium, linking him to military imagery and the Persian context.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲕⲁⲗⲓⲟⲡⲓⲍⲉ","severity":"caution","text":"The name 'Calliopi' (ⲕⲁⲗⲓⲟⲡⲓⲍⲉ) is uncertain; it may be a corruption or variant of a known figure. The reading follows the Coptic text as given.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of 'Apa Kaios' is not clarified in the passage; he is presented as a speaker but not otherwise known.","The phrase 'the angel of the harbor of these saints' is ambiguous: it may refer to a specific angel associated with the saints' shrine or a metaphorical guardian.","The sequence of events (angels spreading out, Theodore's voice, troops painting) is disjointed; the narrative logic is not fully explicit."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":53,"ref":"p53","source":"ⲁⲛⲃⲁⲓϣⲓⲛⲉ ⲉⲓ • ⲁⲩⲧⲁⲙⲉ\nⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ϫⲉ ⲁ ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ ⲉⲓ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲕⲗⲁⲩϯⲟⲥ ⲡⲉⲕϣⲏⲣⲉ • ⲁⲩⲙⲏⲏϣⲉ ⲛ̄ⲗⲟⲩⲗⲁⲓ • ϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲛⲁⲩ ⲉⲧ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲩ • ⲁⲩⲥⲱⲟⲩϩ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ϫⲓⲛⲉ ⲡⲉⲩⲕⲟⲩⲓ • ϣⲁ ⲡⲉⲩⲛⲟϭ • ⲉⲩϭⲱϣⲧ̄ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲏⲧⲟⲩ • ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲓ ⲡⲉⲧ ⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ • ⲁⲩⲱ\nⲁⲩⲥⲧⲉⲫⲁⲛⲟⲩ • ⲛ̄ ⲧⲡⲟⲗⲓⲥ ⲧⲏⲣⲥ̄ • Ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁ ⲧⲙⲁⲁⲩ • ⲛ̄ ⲁⲡⲁ ⲕⲗⲁⲩϯ|ⲟⲥ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲧⲉϥⲥⲱⲛⲉ • ⲁⲗⲉ ⲉⲛϩⲁⲣⲙⲁ\nⲛ︦ⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲱⲟⲩ • ⲁⲩⲉⲓ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ⲉ ⲧⲱⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲟⲩ • ϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲉϩⲓⲏ • ⲛ̄ⲑⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲓⲱⲥⲏⲫ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲓ ⲟⲩⲟⲉⲓϣ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥⲃⲱⲕ ϩⲏⲧϥ̄ • ⲛ̄","english":"They announced, \"He has come.\" They informed the king, \"Theodore has come, and Claudius your son.\" A multitude of laity gathered at that time, all of them assembling from the youngest to the oldest, looking outward from their midst at these holy ones. And they crowned the entire city. And the mother of Apa Claudius and his sister mounted the royal chariot. They came out to the gate at the ninth hour, on the road, like Joseph of old when he went before him.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁⲛⲃⲁⲓϣⲓⲛⲉ ⲉⲓ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic phrase ⲁⲛⲃⲁⲓϣⲓⲛⲉ ⲉⲓ is ambiguous: it could mean 'they announced, \"He has come\"' or be a proper name. The English draft takes it as a declaration, which fits the narrative context.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲛ̄ⲑⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲓⲱⲥⲏⲫ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲓ ⲟⲩⲟⲉⲓϣ","severity":"info","text":"The comparison to Joseph (ⲓⲱⲥⲏⲫ) of old evokes the biblical patriarch Joseph, possibly his journey to meet Pharaoh (Genesis 41) or his role as a type of the righteous official. The phrase 'went before him' suggests a parallel to Joseph's advance to prepare the way.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁⲩⲥⲧⲉⲫⲁⲛⲟⲩ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲡⲟⲗⲓⲥ ⲧⲏⲣⲥ̄","severity":"info","text":"Crowning the city (ⲁⲩⲥⲧⲉⲫⲁⲛⲟⲩ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲡⲟⲗⲓⲥ) is a ceremonial act, likely involving garlands or wreaths, common in late antique civic celebrations and martyr cults. It marks the city's honor for the saints' arrival.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage continues the narrative from the previous section, describing the public reaction to Theodore's arrival. The sequence—announcement, gathering, crowning, and procession—follows a typical hagiographic pattern for a saint's entry into a city.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲡⲁ","severity":"info","text":"ⲁⲡⲁ (Apa) is a title for a monastic father, retained as 'Apa' to avoid confusion with biological father. Here it modifies Claudius, indicating his status as a monk or holy man.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase ⲁⲛⲃⲁⲓϣⲓⲛⲉ ⲉⲓ may be read as a proper name or as a verbal clause; the English draft opts for the latter.","The identity of 'the mother of Apa Claudius and his sister' is unclear—whether she is a named figure or generic.","The phrase 'like Joseph of old when he went before him' is ambiguous: who is 'him'? Possibly the king or Theodore."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":54,"ref":"p54","source":"ⲓⲁⲕⲱⲃ ⲡⲉϥⲉⲓⲱⲧ • Ⲱ̄ ϫⲉ ⲉⲣⲉ ⲛⲓⲙ ⲛⲁⲉϣϫⲱ • ⲙ̄\nⲡⲣⲁϣⲉ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲡⲗⲟⲩⲗⲁⲓ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲛⲁⲩ ⲉⲧ\nⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲩ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁ ⲡⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ ϫⲱ ⲉ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ⲙⲛ̄\nⲛⲁ ⲡⲡⲁⲗⲗⲁϯⲟⲛ • ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲛⲟϭ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ • ⲙⲛ̄\nⲛ̄ϭⲟⲙ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲓ ⲡⲉⲧ ⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ • Ⲁⲡⲟⲕ ⲡⲉ ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ • ⲡⲉⲓ\nⲉⲗⲁⲭⲓⲥⲧⲟⲥ • ⲉⲛⲉⲓⲇⲓⲁⲕⲟⲛⲉⲓ • ⲉ ⲡϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ⲛ︦ⲛ︦ ⲙ̄|ⲡⲉⲣⲥⲟⲥ • ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲓⲟⲛ • ⲙ̄ ⲡⲁ ⲉⲓⲱⲧ ⲁⲡⲁ\nⲕⲁⲓⲟⲥ • Ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣⲉ ϥ̄ⲙⲟⲩ ⲇⲉ ⲁⲓⲃⲱⲕ ϣⲁ ⲡⲁ ⲉⲓⲱⲧ • ⲁⲓⲧⲁⲙⲟϥ ϫⲉ ⲁ ⲡϣⲏⲣⲉ • ⲙ̄ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲛ︦ⲛ︦ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲣⲥⲟⲥ ⲙⲟⲩ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲩⲛⲟⲩ • ⲁ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ϫⲟⲟⲩ ⲁϥⲉⲓⲛⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ • ⲉ\nⲡⲡⲁⲗⲗⲁϯⲟⲛ • ⲉ ⲧⲙⲏⲧⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲛⲟϭ • ⲁⲩⲇⲟⲕⲓⲙⲁⲍⲉ\nⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ ⲙ̄ⲡ ⲟⲩϩⲉ • ⲉ ⲗⲁⲁⲩ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲑⲟⲟⲩ ⲛ̄ϩⲏⲧϥ̄ • ⲛ̄ⲥⲁ\nⲡⲙⲁⲉⲓⲛ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲥⲟⲧⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲧⲉ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩⲧⲁⲁϥ ⲛⲁϩⲣⲙ̄\nⲡⲡⲟⲗⲁⲓⲙⲟⲥ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲡⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ • ⲗⲩⲡⲏ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲧⲉ ⲉ ⲧⲃⲏⲏⲧϥ̄ • Ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲇⲉ ⲁϥⲟⲩⲉϩ|ⲥⲁϩⲛⲉ • ⲙ̄ ⲡⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ • ⲁϥⲕⲱⲱⲥ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ ϩⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲧⲁⲉⲓⲟ • ϩⲛ̄ ϩⲉⲛϩⲟⲓⲧⲉ ⲉⲧ ⲧⲁⲓⲏⲩ • ⲙⲛ̄ ϩⲛ̄ⲥϯ ⲛⲟⲩⲃⲉ • ⲁⲩⲕⲁⲁϥ\nϩⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲧⲁⲓⲃⲉ • ⲁⲩϭⲁⲗⲱⲱϥⲉ ⲡⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ • ϣⲁⲛⲧ ⲟⲩⲥϩⲁⲓ ϣⲁ ⲡⲉϥⲉⲓⲱⲧ • Ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ ⲱⲥⲕ ⲇⲉ ϣⲱⲡⲉ • ⲁϥⲙⲟⲩ ⲛ̄ϭⲓ ⲡⲉⲓⲱⲧ ⲛ̄ ⲁⲡⲁ ⲕⲗⲁⲩⲇⲓⲟⲥ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁⲩϣⲓⲛⲉ\nⲛ̄ⲥⲁ ⲕⲗⲁⲩⲇⲓⲟⲥ ⲉ ⲁⲁϥ ⲛ̄ ⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ⲁ ⲧⲉϥⲙⲁⲁⲩ ϫⲓⲧϥ̄\nⲁⲥϩⲟⲡϥ̄ • Ⲛⲉⲩⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲛⲟϭ ⲇⲉ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲡⲁⲗⲗⲁϯⲟⲛ • ⲉ\nⲡⲉϥⲣⲁⲛ ⲡⲉ ⲟⲩⲙⲉⲣⲓⲁⲛⲟⲥ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁⲩⲁⲙⲁϩⲧⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ • ⲁⲩⲁⲁϥ ⲛ̄ ⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ⲙ̄ⲡ ⲟⲩϯ ϩⲧⲏⲩ ⲉ ϩⲱⲃ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲓ ⲙⲓⲛⲉ • |\nⲛ̄ⲕⲉ ⲥⲟⲡ • Ⲁⲥϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲇⲉ ⲙⲛ︦ⲛ︦ⲥⲁ ⲛⲁⲓ • ⲁ ⲡⲟⲩⲱ ⲧⲁϩⲉ\nⲛ̄ ⲣ︤ⲣ︥ⲱⲟⲩ ⲛ︤ⲛ︥ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲣⲥⲟⲥ • ϫⲉ ⲁ ⲡϣⲏⲣⲉ •","english":"Jacob his father. Oh, who can recount the joy and the celebration that took place at that time? And the archbishop spoke to the king and to the palace officials about the great deeds of God and the powers of this holy one. \"I am Theodore, the most humble one, serving the son of the king of the Persians in the episcopate of my father Apa Kaios. When he died, I went to my father and told him that the son of the king of the Persians had died. And immediately the king sent and brought him to the palace, in the midst of the great ones. They examined him in every way, and there was no evil in him except the mark of the cross only, which they placed before the polemarch. And the king and the archbishop grieved greatly because of him. The king then commanded the archbishop, and he laid him in honor, in costly garments and linen cloth. They placed him in a tomb. The archbishop sealed him until a letter came to his father. But before long, the father of Apa Claudius died. And they sought Claudius to make him king. His mother took him and hid him. Now there was a great one in the palace whose name was Oumerianos, and they seized him and made him king, without paying attention to matters of this kind. Another time, after these things, the time came for the kings of the Persians, that the son...","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The title ⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ (archbishop) in Coptic tradition refers to the patriarch of Alexandria, not a generic metropolitan. Its use here for a figure in Antioch reflects the homily's anachronistic projection of later ecclesiastical titles.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲡⲁ","severity":"info","text":"The title ⲁⲡⲁ (Apa) is retained as a monastic honorific, distinct from ⲉⲓⲱⲧ (father) used for biological or spiritual fatherhood. Here ⲁⲡⲁ ⲕⲁⲓⲟⲥ and ⲁⲡⲁ ⲕⲗⲁⲩⲇⲓⲟⲥ are monastic figures, not biological fathers.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"background","lemma":"ⲡⲟⲗⲁⲓⲙⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The term ⲡⲟⲗⲁⲓⲙⲟⲥ (polemarch) is a Greek loanword (πολέμαρχος) used in late antique military administration. Its appearance here suggests a Roman or Byzantine context, though the narrative is set in Persia, reflecting the homily's blending of historical periods.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage shifts from third-person narrative to first-person speech by Theodore (ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲡⲉ ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ), a common homiletic device to lend eyewitness authority. The speech recounts Theodore's service in Persia and the death of the Persian prince.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"dating","kind":"chronology","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The narrative sequence is compressed: the Persian prince dies, the king retrieves the body, an examination finds only the cross mark, then the king and archbishop grieve. The phrase ⲙⲛⲛⲥⲁ ⲛⲁⲓ (after these things) signals a temporal leap to the death of Claudius's father and the succession crisis.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲟⲩⲙⲉⲣⲓⲁⲛⲟⲥ","severity":"caution","text":"The name ⲟⲩⲙⲉⲣⲓⲁⲛⲟⲥ (Oumerianos) is obscure and may be a corruption or variant of a known name (e.g., Omerianus or a Persian title). The Coptic text is clear, but the historical referent is uncertain.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase ⲡⲉϥⲉⲓⲱⲧ (his father) at the start is ambiguous: it could refer to Jacob as the father of Theodore or of another figure; the English draft takes it as 'Jacob his father' but the context is unclear.","The identity of ⲡⲣⲣⲟ (the king) shifts between the Persian king and a local ruler; the narrative does not always distinguish them clearly."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":55,"ref":"p55","source":"ⲙ̄ ⲡⲣ︤ⲣ︥ⲟ ⲛ︤ⲛ︥\nⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲣⲥⲟⲥ • ⲉⲧ ϭⲁⲗⲱⲟⲩ ⲉ ⲡⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ ⲙⲟⲩ • ⲁⲩⲥⲉⲣ ⲡⲟⲗⲁⲓⲙⲟⲥ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ⲉ ⲟⲩⲙⲉⲣⲓⲁⲛⲟⲥ • ⲛ̄ⲑⲉ ⲛ̄\nϣⲟⲣⲡ̄ • ⲁⲩⲉⲣ ⲡⲱⲃϣ̄ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲣⲁϩⲧⲥ̄ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲛⲁⲩ • ϩⲓⲧⲛ̄ ⲧⲙⲛ︤ⲧ︥ϫⲱⲱⲣⲉ • ⲛ̄ ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ ⲡⲁⲛⲁⲧⲟⲗⲁⲓⲟⲥ • Ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣ ⲟⲩⲧⲁⲙⲉ ⲟⲩⲙⲉⲣⲓⲁⲛⲟⲥ • ⲉ ⲡⲟⲩⲱ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲡⲟⲗⲁⲓⲙⲟⲥ • ⲁϥϣⲧⲟⲣⲧⲣ̄ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲧⲉ • ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲟⲓ ⲛⲁⲓ • ϫⲉ\nⲁⲓϯ ⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲉⲭⲣⲏⲙⲁ • ⲛ̄ ⲧⲁ ⲙⲛ︤ⲧ︥ⲉϣⲱⲧ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲡⲉⲧ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥ\nⲛ̄ ⲛⲁⲉⲓⲟⲧⲉ • ϣⲁⲛⲧ ⲓϫⲓⲧⲥ̄ • | ⲉⲓⲥ ϩⲏⲏⲧⲉ • ⲁⲛⲃⲁⲣⲃⲁⲣⲟⲥ ⲧⲱⲟⲩⲛ ⲉ ϫⲱⲓ • ⲉⲩⲟⲩⲱϣ ⲉ ⲙⲟⲩⲟⲩⲧ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲓ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁ ⲑⲟⲧⲉ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲡⲉϣⲧⲟⲣⲧⲣ̄ • ⲁⲙⲁϩⲧⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ • ⲁϥⲣⲓⲙⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲧⲉ • Ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁϥⲙⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲉⲛⲛⲟϭ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲡⲁⲗⲗⲁϯⲟⲛ • ⲥⲟⲧⲉⲣⲓⲭⲟⲥ • ⲡⲉⲓⲱⲧ ⲛ̄ ⲁⲡⲁ ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ • ⲙⲛ̄\nϩⲣⲱⲙⲁⲛⲟⲥ • ⲡⲉⲓⲱⲧ ⲛ̄ ⲁⲡⲁ ⲃⲓⲕⲧⲱⲣ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲃⲁⲥⲓⲗⲓⲧⲏⲥ • ⲡⲉⲓⲱⲧ ⲛ̄ ⲁⲡⲁ ⲥⲧⲉⲫⲁⲛⲟⲥ • ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲁⲩ • ϫⲉ ⲙⲁⲣⲉ\nⲕⲗⲁⲩϯⲟⲥ ⲉⲓ • ⲛϥ̄ϩⲙⲟⲟⲥ ⲉϫⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲑⲣⲟⲛⲟⲥ • ⲉ ⲡⲙⲁ ⲙ̄\nⲡⲉϥⲉⲓⲱⲧ • ϫⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϭⲟⲙ ⲁⲛ ⲧⲉ ⲉⲙⲓϣⲉ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲃⲁⲣⲃⲁⲣⲟⲥ • Ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡϩⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲕⲗⲁⲩⲇⲓⲟⲥ ⲛⲁϥ • ϫⲉ ⲙ̄ⲡ\nⲉⲓϩ|ⲙⲟⲟⲥ • ⲉϫⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲑⲣⲟⲛⲟⲥ • ⲛ̄ ⲧⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲉⲛⲉϩ • ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ⲙⲁⲣⲉ ⲡϩⲏⲧ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲧⲁϫⲣⲟ • ⲛϥ̄ϩⲙⲟⲟⲥ ⲉϫⲙ̄\nⲡⲉⲑⲣⲟⲛⲟⲥ • ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲛ ⲁⲛ ⲟⲛ • ⲛⲉⲕϩⲙ̄ϩⲁⲗ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ\nⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ • ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲕⲱⲛⲉϩ • ⲉⲕϣⲟⲟⲡ ϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲡⲓⲥⲧⲓⲥ • ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲛⲉⲓⲟⲧⲉ • Ⲛ̄ⲛⲟϭ ⲇⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲡⲁⲗⲗⲁϯⲟⲛ • ⲡⲉϫⲁⲩ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ϫⲉ ⲛ̄ ϩⲟⲥⲟⲛ • ⲉⲣⲉ ⲕⲗⲁⲩϯⲟⲥ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲩ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ • ⲙⲉⲛ ⲡⲉⲑⲟⲟⲩ ⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲕⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • Ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ\nⲛⲁⲩ • ϫⲉ ⲉⲓⲉⲣ ϩⲟⲧⲉ • ϫⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲓϥⲓ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲣ︦ⲣⲟ •","english":"of the king of the Persians, who was angry at the archbishop, they began a war outside against a certain Merianos, as before. They made a plan to destroy the city, which happened to them through the strength of Theodore the Anatolian. When a certain Merianos learned of the outcome of the war, he was greatly troubled and said, \"Woe to me, for I have given my wealth, my possessions, and what I had from my fathers, until I obtained it. Behold, the barbarians have risen against me, wishing to kill me.\" And fear and trembling seized him, and he wept greatly. And he called upon the great ones of the palace, Soterichos, the father of Apa Theodore, and Romanos, the father of Apa Victor, and Basilites, the father of Apa Stephen, and said to them, \"Let Claudius come and sit upon the throne in the place of his father, for we are not able to fight against the barbarians.\" The holy Claudius said to him, \"Do not sit upon the throne of the eternal kingdom, but let the heart of the king be strengthened, and let him sit upon the throne. Otherwise, your servants all the days of your life, if you remain in the faith of our fathers.\" But the great ones of the palace said to the king, \"As long as Claudius and Theodore are there, evil will happen to your kingdom.\" The king said to them, \"I am afraid, for I have taken the kingdom.","structure":"dialogue","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"In Coptic tradition, ⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ (archbishop) typically designates the patriarch of Alexandria, not a local metropolitan. Here it refers to the Persian king's anger toward the archbishop, likely a narrative anachronism.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲡⲓⲥⲧⲓⲥ","severity":"info","text":"ⲡⲓⲥⲧⲓⲥ (Greek πίστις) is rendered 'faith' but can mean 'faithfulness' or 'loyalty'. In the phrase 'faith of our fathers', the sense is religious adherence, not mere reliability.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"external","lemma":"ⲃⲁⲣⲃⲁⲣⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"ⲃⲁⲣⲃⲁⲣⲟⲥ (barbarians) is a Greek loanword used in Coptic hagiography to denote non-Roman, often Persian, enemies. Here it likely refers to a military threat in the narrative's Persian setting.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage is a dialogue, as indicated by the structural classification. It features exchanges between the king, the holy Claudius, and palace officials, advancing the plot of political and military crisis.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"external","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The encomium of Theodore of Antioch by Pseudo-Theodore is preserved in a single Coptic manuscript (Budge 1915). Its dialogue form and anachronistic references reflect late antique homiletic conventions.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲣⲥⲟⲥ","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲣⲥⲟⲥ is obscure; it may be a corruption or variant of ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲣⲥⲓⲥ (Persian). The English draft reads 'of the king of the Persians', but the Coptic text is uncertain here.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of 'Merianos' is unclear; possibly a Persian official or a generic enemy.","The phrase 'ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲣⲥⲟⲥ' may be a scribal error for 'Persian' or a proper name.","The sequence of events (war, barbarian attack, throne succession) is compressed and may reflect legendary rather than historical chronology."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[{"kind":"structure","severity":"info","label":"dialogue","text":"Classified as dialogue from the Coptic cues."},{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲡⲓⲥⲧⲓⲥ","text":"ⲡⲓⲥⲧⲓⲥ → “faith”. Greek πίστις; 'faithfulness' where the sense is reliability rather than assent."},{"kind":"homonym","severity":"caution","term":"ⲡⲓⲥⲧⲓⲥ","text":"ⲡⲓⲥⲧⲓⲥ carries more than one sense (belief, faithfulness); this passage takes it as “faith”. The choice is the translator's, not a lexical given."}]},{"i":56,"ref":"p56","source":"ⲙ̄\nⲡⲉϥⲉⲓⲱⲧ ⲛ̄ϥⲉⲣ ⲟⲩⲕⲣⲟϥ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲓ • ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲡⲟⲗⲁⲓⲙⲟⲥ • ⲛ̄ⲥⲉ ⲙⲟⲩⲟⲩⲧ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲓ • ⲁⲗ|ⲗⲁ ⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲙⲉⲛ • ⲁⲣⲓⲕⲉ\nϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϥϩⲏⲧ • ⲉ ϩⲟⲩⲛ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲓ • ⲙⲁⲣⲟⲩ ⲱⲣⲕ̄ ⲛⲁⲓ ⲙ̄\nⲡⲉⲩⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲓⲟⲛ • ⲧⲁⲡⲓⲥⲧⲉⲩⲉ ⲛⲁⲩ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲧⲁⲓ ⲧⲉ ⲑⲉ\nⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩⲧⲉⲧ • ⲡϩⲏⲧ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲣ︤ⲣ︥ⲟ ⲁϥⲕⲁⲁⲩ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • Ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϥⲣⲁⲥⲧⲉ ⲇⲉ ⲉϥϣⲧⲣ̄ⲧⲱⲣ ⲛ̄ϭⲓ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ⲁ ⲡⲇⲓⲁⲃⲟⲗⲟⲥ\nⲟⲩⲱⲛϩ̄ ⲛⲁϥ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ⲉϥϫⲱ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲥ • ϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲙⲉⲣⲓⲁⲛⲟⲥ\nⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ⲉⲕϩⲙⲟⲟⲥ ⲉⲕⲣ̄ ⲟⲩ • ⲉⲕⲡⲓⲥⲧⲉⲩⲉ ⲉ ⲡⲁⲛⲁϣ • ⲛ̄\nⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲕⲗⲁⲩϯⲟⲥ • ϫⲉ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲗⲟⲅⲟⲥ • ⲟⲩⲇⲉ\nⲁⲛⲁϣ • ⲟⲩⲇⲉ ⲥⲟⲛ • ⲟⲩⲇⲉ ϣⲃⲏⲣ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲡⲟⲗⲁⲓⲙⲟⲥ • ⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲕⲟⲩⲱϣ ⲉ ⲉⲣ ⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ⲧⲱⲟⲩⲛ ⲛ̄ | ⲣⲁⲥⲧⲉ ϫⲟⲟⲩ ⲉ\nⲕⲏⲙⲉ • ⲉⲛⲥⲁ ϩⲛ̄ⲇⲓⲣⲟⲛ • ⲛⲁⲓ ⲛⲉ ⲛ̄ⲣⲱⲙⲉ ⲛ̄ϣⲁⲩⲙⲓϣⲉ\nⲉ ϫⲱⲕ • ϯϫⲱ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲥ ⲛⲁⲕ • ⲱ̄ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ϫⲉ ϯⲥⲟⲟⲩⲛ\nⲉⲩϣⲏⲣⲉ ϣⲏⲙ • ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲙⲁⲣⲏⲥ ⲛ̄ϣⲁⲩⲙⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲉ ⲣⲟϥ • ϫⲉ ⲁⲕⲣⲓⲡⲡⲓⲧⲁ • ⲉϥⲙⲟⲟⲛⲉ ⲛ̄ ϩⲛ̄ⲃⲁⲁⲙⲡⲉ • ϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲥⲱϣⲉ • ⲉ ⲡⲁ ⲡⲧⲟϣ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲥⲟⲓ ⲡⲉ • ϫⲟⲟⲩ ⲛ̄ⲥⲱϥ ⲛⲅ̄ ⲉⲛⲧϥ̄ • ⲉ\nⲧⲉⲓ ⲡⲟⲗⲓⲥ • ⲡⲁⲓ ⲡⲉ ⲡⲣⲱⲙⲉ • ⲉⲧ ⲛⲁⲙⲓϣⲉ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲣⲥⲟⲥ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥϫⲉ ⲡⲁⲓ ⲇⲉ • ⲉ ⲧⲃⲉ ⲇⲓⲟⲕⲗⲏϯⲁⲛⲟⲥ • ⲉϥϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲧⲟϣ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲥⲟⲓ • ⲉϥⲙⲟⲟⲛⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲃⲁⲁⲙⲡⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲁ\nⲉⲓⲱⲧ • ⲛ̄ ⲁⲡⲁ ⲯⲟⲧⲉ • ⲉⲣⲉ ⲁⲡⲁ ⲯⲟⲧⲉ ϩⲱⲱϥ • ⲙⲟⲟⲛⲉ\nⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲥⲟⲟⲩ | ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϥⲉⲓⲱⲧ • ⲉⲩⲟ ⲛ̄ϣⲃⲏⲣ ⲉⲛⲉⲩⲉⲣⲏⲩ • ⲉⲛⲉϥⲉⲓⲣⲉ ϩⲛ̄ ⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲛⲁ • ⲉϥϫⲱ ⲉϥϭⲟⲥϭⲥ̄ • ⲉⲣⲉ ⲡⲉⲯⲁⲗⲧⲏⲣⲓⲟⲛ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲟⲟⲧϥ̄ • ⲛ̄ ⲁⲡⲁ ⲯⲟⲧⲉ ⲉϥⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲁ • ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲯⲁⲗⲙⲟⲥ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲩϣⲏ • Ⲛⲉⲣⲉ ⲡⲟⲣⲅⲁⲛⲟⲛ\nⲛ̄ ⲧⲟⲟⲧϥ̄ ⲛ̄ ⲁⲕⲣⲓⲡⲡⲓⲧⲁ • ⲉϥϣⲁⲛϫⲱ • ϣⲁⲣⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲃⲁⲁⲙⲡⲉ\nⲡⲱⲣϫ̄ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ⲉⲛⲉⲥⲟⲟⲩ ⲛ̄ ⲁⲡⲁ ⲯⲟⲧⲉ •","english":"of his father, he became angry with me. In the battle, they will kill me. But if, however, you have pity in your heart toward me, let them swear to me by their gospel, and I will believe them. And this is how the heart of the king was softened, and he released them. As for his rest, the king was troubled, and the devil appeared to him, saying, \"O King Merianos, you sit doing nothing. Do you believe in the strength of Theodore and Claudius, that they have no word, no strength, no brother, no companion in battle? If you wish to be king, arise from your rest and send to Egypt, to the north, for gifts. These are the men who will fight for you. I tell you, O King, that I know a young boy in the Mareotis, who is called Acrippita, who tends the buffaloes in the field, which is in the district of the Sais. Send for him and bring him to this city. This is the man who will fight with the Persians.\" When he said this concerning Diocletian, who is in the district of the Sais, tending the buffaloes of my father, Apa Pote, while Apa Pote himself tends the sheep of his father, they being companions to each other, he acts with kindness, speaking and comforting. The psalterion is in the hand of Apa Pote, who meditates on the psalms day and night. The organon is in the hand of Acrippita, and when he speaks, the buffaloes scatter, and the sheep of Apa Pote.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲡⲇⲓⲁⲃⲟⲗⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Greek loanword ⲇⲓⲁⲃⲟⲗⲟⲥ (diabolos) is rendered 'devil' per the pinned glossary; it denotes the personified adversary in hagiography, not the etymological 'slanderer'.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲡⲁ","severity":"info","text":"The title ⲁⲡⲁ (Apa) is left untranslated per the pinned glossary to avoid confusion with the biological sense of 'father' (ⲉⲓⲱⲧ) used in the same passage.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲙⲁⲣⲏⲥ","severity":"info","text":"Mareotis (ⲙⲁⲣⲏⲥ) is the region around Lake Mareotis in Lower Egypt, near Alexandria, known in late antiquity for its monastic settlements and pastoral economy.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲥⲟⲓ","severity":"info","text":"Sais (ⲥⲟⲓ) was an ancient city in the Nile Delta, capital of the 5th nome of Lower Egypt; in Coptic hagiography it often appears as a toponym for rural settings.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲯⲁⲗⲧⲏⲣⲓⲟⲛ","severity":"info","text":"ⲯⲁⲗⲧⲏⲣⲓⲟⲛ (psalterion) is a Greek loanword for a stringed instrument (psaltery) or, by extension, a book of psalms; here it likely refers to a psaltery used in meditation.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲟⲣⲅⲁⲛⲟⲛ","severity":"info","text":"ⲟⲣⲅⲁⲛⲟⲛ (organon) is a Greek loanword meaning 'instrument' or 'tool'; here it likely denotes a musical instrument (perhaps a pipe or lyre) held by Acrippita.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of 'Merianos' is ambiguous: it may be a proper name or a title derived from 'Marianos'; the text treats it as a king's name.","The phrase 'ⲁⲣⲓⲕⲉ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϥϩⲏⲧ' is ambiguous: it could mean 'have pity in his heart' or 'place (something) in his heart'; the English draft takes the former.","The name 'Acrippita' (ⲁⲕⲣⲓⲡⲡⲓⲧⲁ) is obscure; it may be a corruption of 'Agrippa' or a local name."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲇⲓⲁⲃⲟⲗⲟⲥ","text":"ⲇⲓⲁⲃⲟⲗⲟⲥ → “devil”. Greek διάβολος; the personified adversary in hagiography. 'Slanderer' is the etymological sense and is not used in this corpus."}]},{"i":57,"ref":"p57","source":"ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛϥ̄ϫⲛⲟⲩ\nⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲥ ⲛⲁϥ • ϫⲉ ⲱϩⲉ ⲡⲧⲟϣ ⲡⲥⲟⲓ • ⲛ̄ⲧ ⲁϥϯⲟⲩⲱ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲕ\nⲉ ϩⲣⲁⲓ • ϫⲉ ⲕⲛⲁⲗⲟ ⲉⲕⲕⲉⲛⲥ̄ ⲧⲃ̄ⲛⲟⲟⲩⲉ • ⲛⲅ̄ ⲕⲉⲉⲛⲥ̄\nⲣⲱⲙⲉ • Ⲉⲓⲧⲁ ⲁϥϫⲟⲟⲩ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲙⲁⲅⲓⲥⲧⲣⲓⲁⲛⲟⲥ • ϩⲓⲧⲙ̄\nⲡⲟⲩⲉϩⲥⲁϩⲛⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲙⲉ|ⲣⲓⲁⲛⲟⲥ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • Ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣⲉ ϥⲉⲓ\nⲇⲉ ⲉ ⲡⲧⲟϣ ⲡⲥⲟⲓ • ⲁϥϩⲉ ⲉ ⲁⲕⲣⲓⲡⲡⲓⲧⲁ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲁⲡⲁ\nⲯⲟⲧⲉ • ⲉⲩⲙⲟⲟⲛⲉ ϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲥⲱϣⲉ • Ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲁⲡⲁ ⲯⲟⲧⲉ ⲛ̄\nⲁⲕⲣⲓⲡⲡⲓⲧⲁ • ϫⲉ ⲉⲓⲥ ⲡⲉⲕⲉⲓⲱⲧ • ⲙⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲕ • ⲉ\nⲧⲣⲉϥⲁⲁⲕ ⲛ̄ ⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • Ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲓ ϩⲉ • ⲁ ⲁⲕⲣⲓⲡⲡⲓⲧⲁ • ⲧⲁⲗⲉ ⲉ ⲡⲉϩⲧⲟ • ⲙ̄ ⲡⲛⲟϭ ⲛ̄ ⲥⲧⲣⲁⲧⲩⲗⲁⲧⲏⲥ • ⲁϥϫⲱⲣⲙ̄\nⲉ ⲡⲉⲓ ⲥⲁ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲡⲁⲓ • ⲁϥϫⲓ ⲛ̄ⲧⲉϥⲥⲏⲃⲉ • ⲁϥϣⲟⲗⲥ̄ ⲁϥⲡⲱⲧ • ⲉ ⲧⲙⲏⲧⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲥⲟⲟⲩ ⲛ̄ ⲁⲡⲁ ⲯⲟⲧⲉ • ⲁϥⲣⲱϩⲧ̄ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ⲛ̄\nϩⲏⲧⲟⲩ • Ϩⲟⲓⲛⲉ ⲁⲩⲕⲟⲛⲥⲟⲩ ⲉ ⲡⲉⲩⲙⲁⲕϩ̄ • ⲟⲛ̄ⲕⲟⲟⲩⲉ\nⲁⲩⲥⲱⲗⲡ̄ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲩϭⲓϫ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲩⲟⲩ|ⲉⲣⲏⲧⲉ • ⲁⲡⲁ\nⲯⲟⲧⲉ ⲇⲉ • ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣⲉ ϥⲛⲁⲩ ⲉ ⲧⲉϥⲙⲉⲧⲁⲕⲣⲓⲟⲥ • ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ\nⲛⲁϥ • ϫⲉ ϩⲱ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲕ • ⲉⲕⲡⲉϩⲧ̄ ⲥⲛⲟϥ ⲛ̄ ⲁⲧⲛⲟⲃⲉ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ⲁ ⲡϩⲏⲧ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲕⲉⲓⲱⲧ • ⲟⲩⲱ ⲉϥⲙ̄ⲧⲟⲛ • ⲉ ϩⲣⲁⲓ ⲉ\nϫⲱⲕ • ϫⲉ ⲁϥϫⲡⲟⲕ • ⲛⲟⲩϫ ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲕⲥⲏⲃⲉ ⲉ ⲡⲉⲥⲕⲟⲉⲓϩ • ϫⲉ ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ ⲡⲉⲕⲟⲩⲟⲉⲓϣ ϣⲱⲡⲉ • ⲉ ⲧⲣⲉ ⲕⲡⲉϩⲧ̄ ⲥⲛⲟϥ\nⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ⲉϥⲧⲱⲛ ϭⲉ ⲡⲙⲟⲩ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲕⲉⲓⲱⲧ • ⲉⲧⲉ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉ ϥⲉⲓ\nⲉ ϫⲱⲕ ϩⲱⲱⲕ • ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ ⲙⲟⲟⲩ ϣⲱⲡⲉ • Ⲉⲩⲧⲱⲛ ⲛⲉⲙⲟⲟⲛⲉ • ⲛ̄ⲣⲉϥϩⲉⲧⲃ̄ ϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲕⲟⲩⲓ • ⲉⲧⲉ ⲙ̄ⲡ ⲟⲩⲙⲟⲩⲟⲩⲧ\nⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲕ • ⲉⲕϫⲓ ⲉⲣⲱⲧⲉ ϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲕⲙⲁⲁⲩ :-Ⲛⲁⲓ | ⲇⲉ • ⲉⲣⲉ\nⲁⲡⲁ ⲯⲟⲧⲉ ϫⲱ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲟⲩ • ⲁ ⲡϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲧⲁⲕⲟ • ϣⲱⲗ\nⲛ̄ ⲧⲉϥⲥⲏⲃⲉ • ⲁϥⲡⲱⲧ ⲛ̄ⲥⲱϥ • ⲉϥⲧⲁⲗⲏⲩ ⲉ ⲡⲉϩⲧⲟ • ⲉϥⲟⲩⲱϣ ⲉ ⲙⲟⲩⲟⲩⲧ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ • Ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲁⲡⲁ ⲯⲟⲧⲉ ⲛⲁϥ •","english":"And he will ask her for him: \"Stop, the boundary, the limit. Did he give you permission to come in, saying, 'You will go and pasture the cattle, and you will pasture people'?\" Then he sent a magisterianus by order of a merianus, the king. When he came to the boundary, the limit, he found Akrippita and Apa Pote pasturing in the field. Apa Pote said to Akrippita, \"Behold, your father is calling you to make you king.\" And in this way, Akrippita mounted the horse of the great stratelates. He turned to this side and that, took his sword, unsheathed it, and ran into the midst of the sheep of Apa Pote. He struck outward from among them. Some he cut at their necks; others he severed from their hands and their feet. But Apa Pote, when he saw his akrios (behavior), said to him, \"Woe to you! You have shed innocent blood abroad. For the heart of your father is at rest concerning you, because he begot you. Throw your sword into its sheath, for your time has not yet come for you to shed blood abroad. Where then is the death of your father, which has not yet come to you? Has not water come? Where are the shepherds, the killers of small children, who have not killed you? You are afraid in your mother.\" But while Apa Pote was saying these things, the son of destruction unsheathed his sword and ran after him, mounted on his horse, wanting to kill him. Apa Pote said to him,","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲙⲁⲅⲓⲥⲧⲣⲓⲁⲛⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"A Greek loanword (μαγιστριανός) designating an imperial messenger or agent. The term reflects the administrative hierarchy of the late Roman/early Byzantine world.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁⲕⲣⲓⲡⲡⲓⲧⲁ","severity":"info","text":"A proper name, likely a Coptic rendering of a Greek or Latin name (e.g., Agrippita). The character is otherwise unattested in known hagiographical sources.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁⲡⲁ ⲯⲟⲧⲉ","severity":"info","text":"Apa Pote is a monastic figure; 'Apa' is a title for a monastic father, retained as a proper name element to avoid confusion with biological fatherhood in the same passage.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲥⲧⲣⲁⲧⲩⲗⲁⲧⲏⲥ","severity":"info","text":"A Greek loanword (στρατηλάτης) meaning 'general' or 'commander'. The term is common in Coptic hagiography for high-ranking military officials.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The passage shifts from dialogue (Apa Pote's rebuke) to violent action (Akrippita's attack on the sheep), then back to dialogue, creating a dramatic contrast between pastoral imagery and military aggression.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁⲕⲣⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic ⲧⲉϥⲙⲉⲧⲁⲕⲣⲓⲟⲥ is obscure; the English draft renders 'his akrios (behavior)' but the word may be a corruption or a rare loan. The sense is inferred from context as 'conduct' or 'deed'.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of 'the son of destruction' (ⲡϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲧⲁⲕⲟ) is ambiguous; it may refer to Akrippita or to a demonic figure.","The phrase 'ⲉⲕⲡⲉϩⲧ̄ ⲥⲛⲟϥ ⲛ̄ ⲁⲧⲛⲟⲃⲉ' is rendered 'you have shed innocent blood' but the Coptic could also mean 'you have poured out blood without sin' (i.e., unjustly).","The word ⲙⲉⲧⲁⲕⲣⲓⲟⲥ is uncertain; it may be a misspelling or a rare Greek loan."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":58,"ref":"p58","source":"ϫⲉ ϩⲱ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲕ ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ ⲡⲁ ⲟⲩⲟⲉⲓϣ ϣⲱⲡⲉ • ⲉ ⲧⲣⲉ\nⲕⲙⲟⲩⲟⲩⲧ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲓ • Ⲁⲛⲁⲥⲧⲁⲥⲓⲟⲥ ⲇⲉ • ⲡⲙⲁⲅⲓⲥⲧⲣⲓⲁⲛⲟⲥ • ⲁϥⲉⲣϣⲡⲏⲣⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉϥⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲧⲟⲗⲙⲏⲣⲟⲥ • ϫⲉ ⲛⲁⲙⲉ ϥⲉⲣϣⲁⲩ ⲉ ⲡⲡⲟⲗⲁⲓⲙⲟⲥ • Ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲁⲡⲁ ⲯⲟⲧⲉ ⲛⲁϥ • ϫⲉ\nϥⲉⲣϣⲁⲩ ⲉ ⲡⲡⲟⲗⲁⲓⲙⲟⲥ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲧⲁⲕⲟ • Ⲙⲛ︤ⲛ︥ⲥⲁ ⲛⲁⲓ\nⲁⲩⲧⲱⲣⲡ̄ ⲙ̄ ⲁⲥⲉⲃⲏⲥ ⲁⲕⲣⲓⲡⲡⲓⲧⲁ • ⲁⲩⲛ̄ⲧϥ̄ ⲉ ⲧⲡⲟⲗⲓⲥ • ⲛ̄ ⲧⲙⲛ̄|ⲧ︦ⲣ︦︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ⲛⲉϥ ϩⲛ̄ ϫⲟⲩⲱⲧⲉ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲛ̄ⲣⲟⲙⲡⲉ • ⲛ̄ ⲁϩⲉ\nⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ ⲉⲧ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲩ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁⲩϯ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲯⲩⲫⲟⲥ\nϩⲁ ⲣⲟϥ • ϩⲁⲧⲙ̄ ⲡⲣ︤ⲣ︥ⲟ • ϫⲉ ⲉϥⲉⲣϣⲁⲩ ⲉ ⲡⲡⲟⲗⲁⲓⲙⲟⲥ • Ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁ ⲧⲛⲟϭ ⲛ̄ ϣⲉⲉⲣⲉ ⲛ ⲟⲩⲙⲉⲣⲓⲁⲛⲟⲥ • ⲉⲡⲉⲓⲑⲩⲙⲉⲓ\nⲉ ⲣⲟϥ • ⲉⲛⲉⲁϥⲕⲁⲁⲩ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲡⲟⲗⲩⲙⲟⲥ • ⲉϥⲟ ⲛ̄ ⲥⲧⲁϥⲗⲓⲧⲏⲥ • ⲉϥϯ ϩⲣⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲧⲃ̄ⲛⲟⲟⲩⲉ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛⲉⲥⲥⲕⲉⲡϯ\nⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲥ • ⲛⲙ̄ⲙⲁϥ ⲙ̄ⲙⲏⲛⲉ • ϩⲛ̄ ϩⲉⲛϩⲃⲏⲩⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ϣⲛⲁ • Ⲉⲓⲧⲁ ⲙⲛ︤ⲛ︥ⲥⲁ ⲛⲁⲓ • ⲁϥⲙⲟⲩ ⲛ̄ϭⲓ ⲟⲩⲙⲉⲣⲓⲁⲛⲟⲥ\nϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲡⲟⲗⲁⲓⲙⲟⲥ • ⲁ ⲧⲉϥϣⲉⲉⲣⲉ • ⲁⲙⲁϩⲧⲉ ⲉϫⲛ̄ ⲧⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ⲛ̄ ϣⲟⲙⲧⲉ ⲛ̄ⲣⲟⲙⲡⲉ • ⲉⲣⲉ ⲁⲕⲣⲓⲡⲡⲓⲧⲁ | ϩⲏⲡ\nϩⲁ ⲧⲟⲟⲧⲥ̄ • Ⲙⲛ︤ⲛ︥ⲥⲱⲥ ⲁⲥϯ ⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲕⲓⲛⲇⲩⲛⲁⲣⲓⲟⲛ • ⲛ̄ ⲛⲟⲩⲃ • ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲛⲟϭ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲡⲁⲗⲗⲁϯⲟⲛ • ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧ ⲟⲩⲥϩⲁⲓ ⲉ ϫⲱⲥ\nⲛⲙ̄ⲙⲁϥ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁⲩϯ ⲛ̄ ϩⲛ̄ⲛⲟϭ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲁⲉⲓⲟ ⲛⲁϥ • Ⲉⲓⲧⲁ\nⲁⲥⲑⲙ̄ⲥⲟϥ ⲉϫⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲑⲣⲟⲛⲟⲥ • ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲙⲉⲣⲓⲁⲛⲟⲥ ⲡⲉⲥⲉⲓⲱⲧ • ϫⲉ ⲁϥⲃⲟⲗ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲥⲡⲁⲣⲑⲉⲛⲓⲁ • Ⲙⲛ︤ⲛ︥ⲥⲁ ⲛⲁⲓ ⲇⲉ • ⲁ ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ • ⲡⲁⲛⲁⲧⲟⲗⲁⲓⲟⲥ • ⲉⲓ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲡⲟⲗⲁⲓⲙⲟⲥ • ⲁⲩⲧⲁⲙⲟϥ • ϫⲉ ⲁ ⲇⲓⲟⲕⲗⲏϯⲁⲛⲟⲥ ⲉⲣ ⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ\nϫⲉ ⲛⲓⲙ ⲡⲉ ⲇⲓⲟⲕⲗⲏϯⲁⲛⲟⲥ • ⲏ̄ ⲟⲩⲁϣ ⲙ̄ⲙⲓⲛⲉ ⲡⲉ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁϥⲃⲱⲕ ⲉ ϩⲟⲩⲛ ϣⲁ ⲣⲟϥ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲕ|ⲗⲁⲩⲇⲓⲟⲥ • ⲡⲉϫⲁⲩ\nⲛⲁϥ • ϫⲉ ⲛⲓⲙ ⲡⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥⲁⲁⲕ •","english":"Even you, your time has not yet come for you to kill me.\" But Anastasius, the magisterianus, marveled at his audacity, saying, \"Surely he is mocking the polemos.\" Apa Psote said to him, \"He is mocking the polemos of destruction.\" After these things, they deposed the impious Acripita and brought him to the city of the kingdom. He had been there for about three years on that very day, and they gave the verdict against him before the king, that he should be mocked by the polemos. And the great daughter of Oumerianos desired him, as if she had left him in the polemos, he being a stablites, feeding the cattle, and she constantly covered herself with him in works of charity. Then after these things, Oumerianos died in the polemos. His daughter took hold of the kingdom for three years, while Acripita was hidden under her authority. Afterwards, she gave a golden kinndynarion from the great palatium, without a scribe writing it for him, and they gave great honors to him. Then she seated him on the throne of Oumerianos, her father, because he had broken her virginity. After these things, however, Theodore the Anatolian came into the polemos. They told him that Diocletian had become king. He said, \"Who is Diocletian? Or what kind of person is he?\" And he went in to him with Claudius. They said to him, \"Who is it that made you?","structure":"dialogue","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲡⲟⲗⲁⲓⲙⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic term ⲡⲡⲟⲗⲁⲓⲙⲟⲥ (from Greek πόλεμος) is used here in a specialized sense, likely referring to a public spectacle or arena combat, possibly a gladiatorial contest or execution, rather than a military battle.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲥⲧⲁϥⲗⲓⲧⲏⲥ","severity":"info","text":"ⲥⲧⲁϥⲗⲓⲧⲏⲥ (from Latin stabulites) denotes a stable-hand or groom, indicating a lowly servile role, consistent with the pastoral setting of the narrative.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲙⲁⲅⲓⲥⲧⲣⲓⲁⲛⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The title ⲙⲁⲅⲓⲥⲧⲣⲓⲁⲛⲟⲥ (magisterianus) refers to a late Roman imperial official, often a messenger or agent of the magister officiorum, reflecting the administrative hierarchy of the Diocletianic period.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage is a dialogue section, marked by the repeated use of ⲡⲉϫⲉ (said) and ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ/ⲡⲉϫⲁⲩ (he/they said), which structures the exchange between Apa Psote, Anastasius, and later Theodore and Claudius.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"dating","kind":"chronology","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The narrative sequence notes a three-year interval for Acripita's imprisonment and another three-year reign of Oumerianos' daughter, situating the events within a schematic timeline typical of hagiographic romance.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲕⲓⲛⲇⲩⲛⲁⲣⲓⲟⲛ","severity":"caution","text":"The word ⲕⲓⲛⲇⲩⲛⲁⲣⲓⲟⲛ is obscure; it may be a corruption or variant of κινδυνάριον (a type of gold coin) or a miswriting of κεντηνάριον (centenarium). The sense 'gold coin' is adopted here.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of 'Oumerianos' (ⲟⲩⲙⲉⲣⲓⲁⲛⲟⲥ) is unclear; possibly a historical or legendary figure conflated with a Roman emperor or official.","The phrase 'ⲉϥⲉⲣϣⲁⲩ ⲉ ⲡⲡⲟⲗⲁⲓⲙⲟⲥ' is ambiguous: it could mean 'he mocks the polemos' or 'he is mocked by the polemos'; the translation opts for the former.","The term 'ⲡⲡⲁⲗⲗⲁϯⲟⲛ' (palatium) may refer to the imperial palace or a specific administrative building."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[{"kind":"structure","severity":"info","label":"dialogue","text":"Classified as dialogue from the Coptic cues."}]},{"i":59,"ref":"p59","source":"ⲛ̄ ⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲉ ⲧⲉⲓ ⲡⲟⲗⲓⲥ • ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ • ϫⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛ̄ ⲡⲉ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲉⲓⲟⲧⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲛ • ⲁⲛⲅ̄\nⲟⲩⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲁⲛ • ⲟⲩⲇⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲁ ⲣⲟⲟⲩϣ ⲁⲛ ⲡⲉ ϩⲁ ⲧⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • Ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲩⲛⲟⲩ • ⲁ ⲡϩⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ ⲁⲙⲁϩⲧⲉ • ⲛ̄\nⲧⲉϥϭⲓϫ ⲁϥⲧⲟⲩⲛⲟⲥϥ̄ ⲉ ϩⲣⲁⲓ • ϩⲓϫⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲑⲣⲟⲛⲟⲥ • ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ\nϫⲉ ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ ϥϫⲣⲟ ⲕⲁⲗⲱⲥ • ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ⲛⲉϥⲉⲣ ϩⲟⲧⲉ • Ⲡⲉϫⲉ\nⲡϩⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ ⲛⲁϥ • ϫⲉ ⲧⲱⲟⲩⲛ ⲉ ϩⲣⲁⲓ • ϫⲉ\nⲛ̄ⲧⲕ̄ ⲟⲩⲙⲁ ⲛ̄ ⲉⲣⲓⲣ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲕⲕⲁϩ • ⲉ ⲧⲃⲉ ⲟⲩ • ⲉⲣⲉ ⲣⲙ̄\nⲛ̄ ⲕⲏⲙⲉ • ⲡⲁϩⲙⲟⲟⲥ • ϩⲓϫⲙ̄ ⲡⲉ|ⲑⲣⲟⲛⲟⲥ ⲛ̄ ⲛ︤ⲣ︦ⲣ︥ⲱⲟⲩ •","english":"of the king of this city. He said, \"It is you and your fathers who are not. I am not a king, nor is it my concern for the kingdom.\" And immediately, the holy Theodore took hold of his hand and raised him up onto the throne, outside, because he had not yet fully recovered, but he was afraid. The holy Theodore said to him, \"Rise up, for you are a place of peace in your land. Why should an Egyptian sit upon the throne of the kings?","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"sense","kind":"sense","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The holy Theodore lifts the speaker onto the throne, an act of symbolic investiture that reverses the speaker's earlier denial of kingship.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲡϩⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The epithet 'holy' (ⲡϩⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ) is applied to Theodore, consistent with the pinned glossary rendering of ⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ as 'holy' and its use as a title for a saint.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"external","lemma":"ⲣⲙ̄ⲛ̄ⲕⲏⲙⲉ","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'Egyptian' (ⲣⲙ̄ⲛ̄ⲕⲏⲙⲉ) may reflect ethnic or political tensions in the narrative, possibly alluding to the historical context of Egyptian resistance to imperial authority.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage is a narrative unit where Theodore's action (raising the speaker onto the throne) contrasts with the speaker's earlier refusal of kingship, creating a dramatic reversal.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲉⲃⲟⲗ","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ('outside') is ambiguous: it may mean 'outside the throne' or 'outside the city'; the English draft takes it as 'outside' without further specification.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase ⲉⲃⲟⲗ could mean 'outside' in a spatial sense (e.g., outside the throne area) or 'externally' in a metaphorical sense; the reading taken is literal.","The identity of the speaker addressed by Theodore is unclear from this passage alone; the previous passage mentions Anastasius and Apa Psote, but the 'king' here may be a different figure."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":60,"ref":"p60","source":"ⲉⲣⲉ ⲡⲉϩⲣⲱⲙⲁⲓⲟⲥ ⲟⲛϩ̄ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁⲩⲑⲙ̄ⲥⲟ ⲛ̄ ⲕⲗⲁⲩⲇⲓⲟⲥ • ϩⲓϫⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲑⲣⲟⲛⲟⲥ • ⲁⲩⲛⲟϭ ⲛ̄ ⲁϣⲕⲁⲕ • ϣⲱⲡⲉ ϩⲙ̄\nⲡⲡⲁⲗⲗⲁϯⲟⲛ • ⲉⲩϫⲱ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲥ • ϫⲉ ⲁ ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ • ⲡⲁⲛⲁⲧⲟⲗⲁⲓⲟⲥ • ⲉⲣ ⲟⲩⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ϫⲱⲱⲣⲉ • ⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲟⲩ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲡⲁⲗⲗⲁϯⲟⲛ • ⲙ̄ⲡⲉ ⲗⲁⲁⲩ ⲉϣⲁⲛϯⲗⲉⲅⲉ ⲛⲁϥ • ϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲁⲛϯⲟⲭⲓⲁ ⲧⲏⲣⲥ̄ • Ⲡϩⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲇⲉ ⲁⲡⲁ ⲕⲗⲁⲩϯⲟⲥ • ⲙ̄ⲡⲉ ⲥⲉⲣ\nϩⲛⲁϥ • ⲉ ⲧⲣⲉ ϥϩⲙⲟⲟⲥ • ⲉϫⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲑⲣⲟⲛⲟⲥ ⲛ̄ ⲛ︤ⲣ︦ⲣ︥ⲱⲟⲩ • ϫⲉ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉ ϥⲣⲟⲟⲩϣ ⲁⲛ ⲡⲉ ϩⲁ ⲧⲙⲛ︤ⲧ︥ⲉⲣ︤ⲣ︥ⲟ • ⲁⲗⲗⲁ\nⲁϥⲧⲱⲟⲩⲛ • ϩⲛ̄ ⲟⲩϭⲉⲡⲏ • ⲉⲛⲉⲣⲉ ⲡⲙⲏⲡϣⲉ ⲧⲏⲣϥ̄ ⲱϣ |\nⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ϫⲉ ⲁⲝⲓⲟⲥ • ⲁⲝⲓⲟⲥ • ⲁⲝⲓⲟⲥ ⲕⲗⲁⲩⲇⲓⲟⲥ ⲁϥⲉⲣ\nⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • Ⲡⲁⲥⲉⲃⲏⲥ ⲇⲉ ⲇⲓⲟⲕⲗⲏϯⲁⲛⲟⲥ • ⲁϥⲉⲣ ϩⲟⲧⲉ • ⲁϥⲃⲱⲕ ⲁϥϩⲟⲡϥ̄ ⲛ̄ ⲥⲁϣϥ ⲛ̄ϩⲟⲟⲩ • ϩⲁⲧⲛ̄ ⲧⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲱ ⲙ̄ⲡ ⲟⲩϩⲉ\nⲉ ⲣⲟϥ • ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ⲛⲉⲣⲉ ⲡⲉⲑⲣⲟⲛⲟⲥ ⲕⲏ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • Ⲁⲩⲱ\nⲁ ⲧⲡⲟⲣⲓⲏ ⲛ̄ ⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲉⲧ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲩ • ϭⲱϣⲧ̄ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ϩⲛ̄\nⲟⲩϣⲟⲩϣⲧ̄ • ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲥⲕⲟⲓⲧⲱⲛ • ⲡⲉϫⲁⲥ • ϫⲉ ⲛⲓⲙ ⲡⲉ\nⲡⲁⲛⲁⲧⲟⲗⲁⲓⲟⲥ • ϫⲉ ⲉϥⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲉⲥ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ⲉ ϩⲣⲁⲓ ⲉϫⲙ̄\nⲡⲉϥⲑⲣⲟⲛⲟⲥ • Ⲛⲓⲙ ⲡⲉ ⲟⲩⲙⲁⲧⲟⲓ ⲛ̄ⲧⲉ ⲡⲁ ⲉⲓⲱⲧ • ϫⲉ\nⲉϥⲉⲁⲛϯⲗⲉⲅⲉ ⲟⲩϥ ⲉ ⲧⲉϥϣⲉⲉⲣⲉ • Ⲛⲓⲙ ⲡⲉ ⲟⲩⲣⲉϥⲙⲟⲟϣⲉ • ⲛ̄|ⲛⲉϥⲟⲩⲉⲣⲏⲧⲉ • ⲛϥ̄ⲁⲛϯⲗⲉⲅⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩϣⲉⲉⲣⲉ\nⲛ̄ ⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • Ⲡⲁ ⲡⲡⲟⲗⲁⲓⲙⲟⲥ ⲡⲉ ⲡⲁⲛⲁⲧⲟⲗⲁⲓⲟⲥ • ⲡⲁ ⲧⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲡⲉ • ⲇⲓⲟⲕⲗⲏϯⲁⲛⲟⲥ • ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ⲁⲛⲅ̄ ⲟⲩϩⲏⲣⲱⲇⲓⲁⲥ\nⲛ̄ ⲃⲣ︤ⲣⲉ • ⲉⲓ ⲉⲙⲡ ⲉⲓⲉⲣ ⲡⲁ ϩⲁⲡ ⲛⲙ̄ⲙⲁϥ • Ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣⲉ\nⲡϩⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ ⲥⲱⲧⲙ̄ ⲉ ⲛⲁⲓ • ⲁϥϣⲱⲗ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉϥⲥⲏⲃⲉ • ⲁϥϩⲓⲟⲩⲉ ϫⲓⲛⲉ • ⲡⲉⲑⲣⲟⲛⲟⲥ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ϣⲁ ⲡⲣⲟ • ⲙ̄ ⲡⲡⲁⲗⲗⲁϯⲟⲛ • ⲁϥⲙⲟⲩⲟⲩⲧ ⲙ̄ ⲙⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲩⲉ ⲛ̄ϣⲉ ⲛ̄\nⲥⲕⲉⲡⲧⲱⲣ • ϩⲓ ⲕⲟⲩⲃⲟⲩⲕⲗⲁⲣⲓⲟⲛ •","english":"The Roman was alive, and they crowned Claudius upon the throne. A great uproar took place in the palace, as they said, \"Theodore the anatholarios has done a mighty deed today in the palace. No one can contradict him in all of Antioch.\" But the holy Apa Claudius did not consent to sit upon the throne of the kings, for he had no concern for the kingdom. Instead, he arose in haste, while the entire multitude cried out, \"Worthy! Worthy! Worthy! Claudius has become king.\" But the impious Diocletian became afraid; he went and hid himself for seven days near the palace, not daring to show his face. Yet the throne remained empty. And the queen of that place looked out in astonishment from her bedchamber and said, \"Who is this anatholarios who would raise the king up onto his throne? Who is this soldier of my father who would contradict him for his daughter? Who is this traveler on his feet who would contradict a king's daughter? This anatholarios belongs to the palace; he belongs to the kingdom, Diocletian. But I am a new Herodias, and I have not yet exacted my judgment upon him.\" When the holy Theodore heard these things, he drew his sword and rushed from the king's throne to the gate of the palace, and he slew fifteen hundred spearmen and couriers.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The term ⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ is rendered 'holy' adjectivally; with the article it names a saint. Here it modifies ⲁⲡⲁ ⲕⲗⲁⲩϯⲟⲥ, indicating the saintly status of Claudius.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲡⲁ","severity":"info","text":"The title ⲁⲡⲁ is left as 'Apa' to avoid confusion with the biological sense of 'father'. It marks Claudius as a monastic father.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁⲛⲁⲧⲟⲗⲁⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The term ⲁⲛⲁⲧⲟⲗⲁⲓⲟⲥ (anatholarios) likely refers to a military or administrative officer of the East (anatolē). Its precise rank is uncertain but it appears as a title for Theodore.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ϩⲏⲣⲱⲇⲓⲁⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The queen calls herself a 'new Herodias', evoking the biblical figure who sought John the Baptist's death. This aligns her with a persecuting archetype, foreshadowing conflict with Theodore.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage is a narrative climax: the crowning of Claudius, Diocletian's flight, the queen's threat, and Theodore's violent response. The repeated 'Who is this?' builds tension before Theodore's attack.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲥⲕⲉⲡⲧⲱⲣ","severity":"caution","text":"The term ⲥⲕⲉⲡⲧⲱⲣ (spearman) is a Greek loanword (σκεπτῶρος). The number 'fifteen hundred' (ⲙⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲩⲉ ⲛ̄ϣⲉ) may be hyperbolic, typical of hagiographic martyr accounts.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of 'the Roman' (ⲡⲉϩⲣⲱⲙⲁⲓⲟⲥ) is unclear; it may refer to Claudius or another figure. The reading assumes Claudius is the one crowned.","The term ⲁⲛⲁⲧⲟⲗⲁⲓⲟⲥ is ambiguous in rank; it is left as a title without precise definition."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":61,"ref":"p61","source":"ⲁⲩⲱ ⲙⲛ̄ⲧϣⲟⲙⲧⲉ\nⲛ̄ϣⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲧⲟⲓ ϩⲓ ⲣⲉϥϫⲓⲙⲗⲁϩ • ⲉⲛⲉⲣⲉ ⲡⲕⲩⲣⲝ (sic) ⲱϣ\nⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ϫⲉ ⲡⲟⲗⲗⲁ | ⲧⲁⲁⲓⲧⲉⲓ ⲧⲟⲩⲃⲁⲥⲓⲗⲉⲩⲥ ⲁ ⲧⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ⲉⲣⲧⲁ ⲕⲗⲁⲩⲧⲓⲟⲥ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁ ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ ⲙⲓϣⲉ\nⲁϥϫⲣⲟ • Ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣⲉ ⲧⲣ︤ⲣ︥ⲱ • ⲥⲱⲧⲙ̄ ⲉ ⲛⲁⲓ • ⲁⲥⲉⲣ ϩⲟⲧⲉ\nⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲧⲉ • ⲁⲥϫⲓ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲕⲗⲟⲙ • ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲥⲉⲓⲱⲧ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲧⲉϥϭⲣⲏⲡⲉ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲧⲉϥϩⲃ̄ⲥⲱ ⲛ̄ ⲣ︤ⲣ︥ⲟ • ⲁⲥⲭⲁⲗⲁ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲟⲩ • ⲉ ⲡⲉⲥⲏⲧ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲗⲱⲃϣ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲡⲁⲗⲗⲁϯⲟⲛ • ⲉⲥⲱϣ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ\nⲉⲥϫⲱ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲥ • Ϫⲉ ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ ⲡⲁⲛⲁⲧⲟⲗⲁⲓⲟⲥ • ϫⲓ","english":"And with three hundred soldiers and cavalry, while the herald was crying out, \"Many years to the king!\" the kingdom gave Claudius [the throne]. And Theodore fought and prevailed. When the king heard these things, she became afraid immediately. She took the crown of her father, along with his purple robe and his royal vestments, and threw them down into the palace courtyard, crying out, \"Theodore the Anatolarios, take","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲕⲩⲣⲝ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic ⲡⲕⲩⲣⲝ (with sic) is a loan from Greek κῆρυξ, meaning herald or crier. The scribe marks the word as unusual.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲁⲛⲁⲧⲟⲗⲁⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"ⲡⲁⲛⲁⲧⲟⲗⲁⲓⲟⲥ is a Greek-derived title (ἀνατολάριος) meaning commander of the East or Anatolarios, a high military rank.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"external","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The queen’s act of throwing down the crown and royal vestments into the palace courtyard (ⲡⲗⲱⲃϣ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲡⲁⲗⲗⲁϯⲟⲛ) symbolises abdication or surrender, a motif in hagiographic narratives of imperial conflict.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage continues the narrative sequence: the herald’s proclamation, the queen’s fear, and her dramatic renunciation of royal insignia, building toward Theodore’s triumph.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲕⲩⲣⲝ","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic ⲡⲕⲩⲣⲝ is marked with (sic) in the edition, indicating a scribal or orthographic anomaly; the expected form would be ⲡⲕⲏⲣⲩⲝ.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase ⲁⲥϫⲓ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲕⲗⲟⲙ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲥⲉⲓⲱⲧ could be read as 'she took the crown of her father' or 'she took the crown from her father'; the translation adopts the former.","The identity of the 'king' (ⲡⲟⲗⲗⲁ ⲧⲁⲁⲓⲧⲉⲓ ⲧⲟⲩⲃⲁⲥⲓⲗⲉⲩⲥ) is ambiguous—possibly Claudius or a generic acclamation."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":62,"ref":"p62","source":"ⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲓ ⲛⲁⲕ • ⲛⲅ̄ ⲉⲣ ⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ϫⲉ ⲁⲕϥⲓ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲙⲁ\nⲧⲏⲣϥ̄ • ϫⲉ ϫⲓⲛⲉ ⲡⲟⲟⲩ ⲉ ϩⲣⲁⲓ • ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲧⲉ ⲧⲉⲕϩⲙ̄ϩⲁⲗ • ϯⲧⲉⲣⲕⲟ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲕ • ⲙ̄ ⲡⲟⲩϫⲁⲓ ⲛ̄ ⲕⲗⲁⲩϯⲟⲥ • ⲡⲉⲕϣ|ⲃⲏⲣ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲡⲟⲩϫⲁⲓ ⲛ̄ ⲓⲟⲩⲥⲧⲟⲥ • ⲡⲁ ⲥⲟⲛ ⲛ̄ ϣⲁⲕⲧⲁⲕⲟ ⲛ̄\nⲧⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ⲛ̄ ⲧⲁ ⲁⲫⲟⲣⲙⲏ • Ⲙⲛ︦ⲛ︦ⲥⲱⲥ ⲁϥϯ ⲕⲱϩⲧ̄ ⲉⲛ\nⲣⲟ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲡⲁⲗⲗⲁϯⲟⲛ • ϫⲉ ⲉϥⲉⲣⲱⲕϩ̄ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲛⲓⲙ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥⲉⲣ ⲡⲁⲓ • ⲉ ⲧⲃⲉ ⲇⲓⲟⲕⲗⲏϯⲁⲛⲟⲥ • ϫⲉ ⲁⲩⲁⲁϥ\nⲛ︦ⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉ ⲗⲁⲁⲩ • ⲉϣϭⲙ̄ϭⲟⲙ ⲉ ⲁⲛϯⲗⲉⲅⲉ\nⲛⲁϥ • Ⲥⲟⲧⲉⲣⲓⲭⲟⲥ ⲇⲉ ⲡⲉϥⲉⲓⲱⲧ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲃⲁⲥⲓⲗⲓⲧⲏⲥ • ⲙⲛ̄\nϩⲣⲱⲙⲁⲛⲟⲥ • ⲁⲩⲡⲁϩⲧⲟⲩ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϥ ⲙ̄ⲧⲟ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ⲉⲩϫⲱ\nⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲡⲉⲛ ϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ • ⲧⲱⲕ ⲧⲉ ⲧⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ⲙ̄ⲙⲏⲛⲉ • ⲙⲁⲗⲓⲥⲧⲁ ⲙ̄ⲡⲟ|ⲟⲩ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁ ⲧⲉⲕϭⲟⲙ ⲟⲩⲱⲛϩ̄\nⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ⲁⲛⲟⲛ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲧⲏⲣⲛ̄ ⲛⲉ ⲛⲉⲕϩⲙ̄ϩⲁⲗ • ⲁⲝⲓⲟⲩ ⲛ̄\nⲧⲉⲕⲙⲉⲧϫⲱⲱⲣⲉ • ⲉ ⲧⲙ̄ ⲣⲱⲕϩ̄ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲡⲁⲗⲗⲁϯⲟⲛ • ⲉⲓⲉ\nⲙⲓϣⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲕⲉ ⲥⲟⲡ • ϫⲉ ⲁ ⲡϩⲱⲃ ⲣⲱϣⲉ • Ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲩⲛⲟⲩ\nⲁϥⲣⲓⲙⲉ • ⲉϥϫⲱ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲥ • ϫⲉ ⲱ̄ ⲡⲉ︦ⲓ︦ ⲛⲟϭ ⲛ̄ ϫⲓⲛϭⲟⲛⲥ̄ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲟⲩ • ϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲡⲟⲗⲓⲥ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ϫⲉ\nⲉⲣⲉ ⲟⲩⲥϩⲓⲙⲉ • ⲛⲁⲉⲣ ⲟⲩ ⲙⲁⲛⲉⲃⲁⲁⲙⲡⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲣ︦ⲣ̄ⲟ • ⲉ\nϩⲣⲁⲓ ⲉ ϫⲱⲛ • ⲉⲣⲉ ⲡⲉⲓ ⲙⲏⲏϣⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲣⲉϥⲙⲓϣⲉ • ϣⲟⲟⲡ\nϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲁⲛϯⲟⲭⲓⲁ • Ⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲟⲩⲛ ⲇⲓⲕⲁⲓⲟⲛ ϣⲟⲟⲡ ϩⲟⲗⲟⲥ • ⲕⲗⲁⲩϯⲟⲥ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲓⲟⲩⲥⲧⲟⲥ ⲙ̄ⲡϣⲁ | ⲛ̄ ⲧⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • Ⲟⲩⲛⲟϭ\nⲇⲉ ⲛ̄ϣⲡⲏⲣⲉ • ⲁⲥϣⲱⲡⲉ ϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲡⲟⲗⲓⲥ ⲁⲛϯⲟⲭⲓⲁ • ⲉ ⲧⲃⲉ\nⲡⲙⲏⲏϣⲉ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩⲙⲟⲟⲩⲧⲟⲩ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲡⲁⲗⲗⲁϯⲟⲛ • ⲛⲉⲣⲉ\nⲛⲉⲩⲉⲓⲟⲧⲉ ⲣⲓⲙⲉ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲟⲩ • Ϩⲟⲓⲛⲉ ϫⲉ ⲁ ⲡⲁⲛⲁⲧⲟⲗⲁⲓⲟⲥ\nⲙⲟⲩⲟⲩⲧ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲧⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲱ • Ϩⲛ̄ ⲕⲟⲟⲩⲉ • ϫⲉ\nⲁⲩϩⲁⲡ ⲛ̄ ⲇⲓⲕⲁⲓⲟⲥ •","english":"These things to you: you will become king, for you have taken the whole place, saying, \"From today onward, I am your servant. I entrust to you the safety of Claudius, your companion, and the safety of Justus, my brother, who would destroy the kingdom by my opportunity.\" Afterwards, he set fire to the gates of the palace, so that it might burn everyone who had done this on account of Diocletian, because they had made him king. And no one was able to contradict him. Soterichus, his father, and Basilities, and Romanus, fell down before him, saying, \"Our lord Theodore, yours is the kingdom forever, especially now that your power has been revealed. For we are all your servants. We beg your might not to burn the palace. Let us fight once more, for the matter is urgent.\" And immediately he wept, saying, \"O this great injustice that has happened today in the city of the kingdom, that a woman would become a kingmaker over us, while this multitude of fighters is in Antioch. If there is any justice at all, Claudius and Justus are worthy of the kingdom.\" A great wonder occurred in the city of Antioch concerning the multitude that had been killed in the palace. Their parents wept over them. Some said that the Anatolian had killed the king and the queen. Others said that the righteous had judged.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic ϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ is rendered 'Lord' in the glossary, but here it is used as an honorific address to Theodore by his father and companions, not as a divine title. The glossary notes that 'master' is the correct sense in a parable about slaves, and this passage similarly uses the term in a social hierarchy context.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"background","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The names Soterichus, Basilities, and Romanus are not historical figures from the Diocletianic persecution but appear to be invented characters in this hagiographical narrative, possibly drawn from local tradition or the author's imagination to provide Theodore with a family and supporters.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"background","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The 'Anatolian' (ⲡⲁⲛⲁⲧⲟⲗⲁⲓⲟⲥ) likely refers to a soldier or official from the region of Anatolia, but the term is ambiguous; it may be a proper name or a gentilic. The text reports rumors that this figure killed the king and queen, adding to the confusion after the massacre.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage shifts from direct speech (Theodore's declaration and the crowd's plea) to narrative summary, then to a lament and a report of public reaction. The repeated use of ϫⲉ introduces reported speech, marking a complex layering of voices typical of Coptic homiletic narrative.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic phrase ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥⲉⲣ ⲡⲁⲓ (line 6) is ambiguous: it could mean 'who had done this' (referring to those who made Diocletian king) or 'who had done this to me'. The English draft takes the former, but the latter is possible given Theodore's grievance.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"background","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The motif of a woman becoming a 'kingmaker' (ⲙⲁⲛⲉⲃⲁⲁⲙⲡⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲣ̄ⲣ̄ⲟ) reflects a topos in late antique Christian literature that associates female rule with disorder, contrasting with the ideal of male military leadership embodied by Theodore.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of 'the Anatolian' (ⲡⲁⲛⲁⲧⲟⲗⲁⲓⲟⲥ) is unclear: a proper name or a regional designation.","The phrase ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥⲉⲣ ⲡⲁⲓ could refer to those who made Diocletian king or to those who wronged Theodore personally.","The relationship between Claudius, Justus, and Theodore is not fully explained; Justus is called 'my brother' but may be a spiritual or comradely title."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":63,"ref":"p63","source":"ϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲟⲩ • Ϩⲟⲓⲛⲉ ϫⲉ ⲧⲁ\nⲛⲉϥⲉⲓⲟⲧⲉ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲛⲉϥⲥⲛⲏⲩ ⲧⲉ ⲧⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • Ⲉⲓⲧⲁ ⲁⲩⲛⲟϭ\nⲛ̄ ϣⲧⲟⲣⲧⲣ̄ • ϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ ⲉⲧ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲩ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛ̄\nⲧⲉⲣⲉ ⲡⲙⲁ ⲉⲥⲉⲭⲁⲍⲉ • ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲕⲟⲩⲓ • ⲁ ⲧⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲱ ⲉⲓ|ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ⲁⲥϣⲟⲣⲡ︤ⲥ︥ ⲉ ⲡⲏⲓ ⲛ̄ ⲁⲡⲁ ⲕⲗⲁⲩϯⲟⲥ • ϣⲁ ⲧⲉϥⲙⲁⲁⲩ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲧⲉϥⲥⲱⲛⲉ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲧⲥⲱⲛⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲁⲡⲁ ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ • ⲁⲩⲱ\nⲁⲥⲣⲓⲙⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲩ ⲙ̄ⲧⲟ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ϫⲉ ⲛⲉⲥⲥⲛⲏⲩ ⲛⲉ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁ\nⲧⲥⲱⲛⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲁⲡⲁ ⲕⲗⲁⲩϯⲟⲥ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲧⲥⲱⲛⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲁⲡⲁ ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ • ⲉⲓ ⲉ ⲡⲡⲁⲗⲗⲁϯⲟⲛ • ϣⲁ ⲛⲉⲩⲥⲛⲏⲩ • ⲁⲩⲥⲡ̄ⲥⲱⲡⲟⲩ • ϣⲁⲛⲧ ⲟⲩϩⲙⲟⲟⲥ ⲛ ⲟⲩⲕⲟⲩⲓ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁⲩⲱϣⲙ̄\nⲙ̄ ⲡⲕⲱϩⲧ̄ • ⲉⲧ ⲙⲟⲩϩ ⲟⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲣⲟ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲡⲁⲗⲗⲁϯⲟⲛ • Ⲁⲩⲱ\nⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲩⲛⲟⲩ • ⲁ ⲙⲓⲭⲁⲏⲗ ⲉⲓ • ⲉ ⲡⲉⲥⲏⲧ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲡⲉ • ⲁϥⲕⲱ ⲛ̄ⲧⲉϥϭⲓϫ • ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲛⲁⲙ • ⲉϫⲛ̄ ⲧⲙⲉⲥⲧ ϩⲏⲧ • ⲛ̄\nⲛⲉⲓ ϩⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲙ̄ ⲡϩⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ • |\nϫⲉ ⲛⲟⲩϫ ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲕⲥⲏⲃⲉ • ⲉ ⲡⲉⲥⲕⲟⲉⲓϩ • ϫⲉ ⲛⲁϣⲉ ⲧⲣⲁϩⲧⲥ̄\nⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥϣⲱⲡⲉ • Ⲛⲅ̄ ⲥⲟⲟⲩⲛ ⲁⲛ • ⲱ̄ ⲡϩⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ • ϫⲉ ⲉⲕϣⲁⲛⲙⲓϣⲉ • ⲙⲛ̄ϭⲟⲙ ⲛ̄ ⲗⲁⲁⲩ ⲉ ⲁϩⲉ ⲣⲁⲧϥ̄ • ϩⲓⲑⲏ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲕⲟⲣⲅⲏ • ϫⲉ ⲧϭⲟⲙ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲧⲙⲛ︤ⲧ︥ϫⲱⲱⲣⲉ • ⲁⲩⲧⲁⲁⲩ ⲛⲁⲕ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ϩⲓⲧⲙ̄ ⲡϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ • Ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡϩⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ\nⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ • ⲙ̄ ⲙⲓⲭⲁⲏⲗ • ϫⲉ ⲉⲓⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩϣⲡⲏⲣⲉ\nⲁⲛ ⲧⲉ ⲱ̄ • ⲡⲁ ϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲉ ⲟⲩⲙⲁⲛⲉⲃⲁⲁⲙⲡⲉ • ⲛ̄ ⲣⲙ̄\nⲛ̄ ⲕⲏⲙⲉ • ⲉⲣ ⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲉ ϫⲱⲛ • ϩⲓⲧⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲅⲛⲱⲙⲏ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲥϩⲓⲙⲉ • ⲉⲣⲉ ϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲣ︤ⲣ︥ⲟ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲡⲁⲗⲗⲁϯⲟⲛ • Ⲡⲉϫⲉ\nⲙⲓⲭⲁⲏⲗ ⲛⲁϥ • ϫⲉ ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ ⲡϫⲱⲱⲣⲉ ⲛ̄ ϩⲁⲣϣ\nϩⲏⲧ▨▨▨ⲡⲉ ⲡϫⲱⲱⲣⲉ • ⲉⲣⲉ ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲙⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲩⲛⲟⲩ • ⲁ ⲡϩⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ ⲡⲁϩⲧϥ̄ • ⲁϥⲟⲩⲱϣⲧ̄ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ •","english":"It happened on that day. Some said, \"His parents and his brothers are the kingdom.\" Then a great disturbance occurred on that day. And when the place had quieted a little, the queen went out. She first went to the house of Apa Claudius, to his mother, his sister, and the sister of Apa Theodore. And she wept before them, saying, \"They are my brothers.\" And the sister of Apa Claudius and the sister of Apa Theodore went to the palace, to their brothers. They entreated them until they sat down a little. And they extinguished the fire that was still filling the gate of the palace. And immediately Michael came down from heaven. He placed his right hand upon the breast of these saints. And he said to Saint Theodore, \"Throw your staff to your left, for I do not know how it will happen. You do not know, O Saint Theodore, that if you fight, no one can stand before your wrath, for strength and might have been given to you by the Lord.\" Saint Theodore said to Michael, \"Is it not a wonder, O my Lord, that a blind man of Egypt should become king over us through the cunning of a woman, while the sons of the king are in the palace?\" Michael said to him, \"Theodore, the strong one, the bold of heart... is the strong one. God loves him.\" And immediately Saint Theodore prostrated himself and worshipped God.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲡⲁ","severity":"info","text":"The title ⲁⲡⲁ (Apa) is retained as a monastic honorific; translating it as 'father' would conflate it with biological parenthood, which is distinguished in the same passage.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲟⲩⲱϣⲧ","severity":"info","text":"ⲟⲩⲱϣⲧ denotes prostration in worship, distinct from ⲟⲩⲱϣ 'to wish'. The gesture is significant in martyrdom scenes before an official or God.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲙⲓⲭⲁⲏⲗ","severity":"info","text":"The archangel Michael descending from heaven to intervene recalls Daniel 10:13 and Revelation 12:7, where Michael acts as a divine warrior and intercessor.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲣⲣⲟ","severity":"info","text":"The queen's flight to the houses of Apa Claudius and Apa Theodore reflects the political instability of the Diocletianic persecution, where imperial women sought refuge with Christian ascetics.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage shifts from narrative action (queen's visit, fire extinguishing) to a dialogue between Michael and Theodore, marking a transition from historical report to hagiographic miracle.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡϫⲱⲱⲣⲉ ⲛ̄ ϩⲁⲣϣ ϩⲏⲧ▨▨▨ⲡⲉ ⲡϫⲱⲱⲣⲉ","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic text is corrupt here (▨▨▨ indicates lacuna); the phrase 'the strong one, the bold of heart... is the strong one' is likely a scribal error or incomplete repetition.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of 'the queen' is not specified; she may be Diocletian's wife or a local ruler's consort.","The phrase 'a blind man of Egypt' (ⲟⲩⲙⲁⲛⲉⲃⲁⲁⲙⲡⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲣⲙ̄ ⲛ̄ ⲕⲏⲙⲉ) is ambiguous: it could refer to a literal blind Egyptian or be a metaphorical insult."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":64,"ref":"p64","source":"ⲉϥϫⲱ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲥ • ϫⲉ ⲕⲱ ⲛⲁⲓ ⲉ\nⲃⲟⲗ • ⲡⲁ ϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ ⲙⲓⲭⲁⲏⲗ • Ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲙⲓⲭⲁⲏⲗ ⲛⲁϥ • ϫⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩϣⲡⲏⲣⲉ ⲁⲛ ⲧⲉ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲉ ⲇⲓⲟⲕⲗⲏϯⲁⲛⲟⲥ ⲉⲣ ⲣ︤ⲣ︥ⲟ • ϫⲉ ⲁⲩϯ ⲛⲁϥ • ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲥⲟⲩⲥⲟⲩ • ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲓⲧⲙ̄ ⲡϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ • ⲧⲉ ϣⲡⲏⲣⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲟϥ ⲧⲉ ⲧⲁⲓ • ⲉⲣⲉ ⲡⲓⲗⲁⲧⲟⲥ ⲙⲛ̄ ϩⲏⲣⲱⲇⲏⲥ • ϩⲙⲟⲟⲥ • ⲉⲣⲉ ⲡϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ • ⲁϩⲉ ⲣⲁⲧϥ̄ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲟⲩ • ⲧⲁⲓ ϩⲱⲱϥ ⲧⲉ ⲑⲉ • ⲉⲧ ⲉⲣⲉ ⲇⲓⲟⲕⲗⲏϯⲁⲛⲟⲥ ⲛⲁⲉⲣ ⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ\nⲉϫⲛ̄ ⲛⲉϩⲣⲱⲙⲁⲓⲟⲥ • Ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡϩⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ • ⲙ̄\nⲙⲓⲭⲁ|ⲏⲗ • ϫⲉ ⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲡⲟⲩⲉϩⲥⲁϩⲛⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ ⲡⲉ • ⲉ ⲧⲣⲉ ⲇⲓⲟⲕⲗⲏϯⲁⲛⲟⲥ ⲉⲣ ⲣ︦ⲣ̄ⲟ • ⲟⲩ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲓ ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲡⲉ\nⲕⲱⲗⲩ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϥⲟⲩⲉϩⲥⲁϩⲛⲉ • Ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁ ⲙⲓⲭⲁⲏⲗ ϫⲱ ⲉ\nⲣⲟϥ • ⲛ̄ ϩⲛ̄ⲕⲉ ⲙⲩⲥⲧⲏⲣⲓⲟⲛ • ⲉⲩⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲇⲓⲟⲕⲗⲏϯⲁⲛⲟⲥ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁϥϩⲟⲡϥ̄ ⲉ ⲣⲟϥ • ϩⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲉⲓⲣⲏⲛⲏ ϩⲁⲙⲏⲛ • Ϣⲱⲣⲡ̄ ⲇⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣⲉ ϥϣⲱⲡⲉ • ⲁ ⲡϩⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ • ⲉⲓ ⲉ ⲡⲡⲁⲗⲗⲁϯⲟⲛ • ⲁϥⲱϣ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ⲉϥϫⲱ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲥ • ϫⲉ\nⲡⲉⲧ ⲟⲩⲱϣ ⲉ ⲉⲣ ⲣ︤ⲣ︥ⲟ • ⲉⲓⲥ ⲡⲉⲑⲣⲟⲛⲟⲥ ⲕⲏ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ⲁⲩⲱ\nⲁ ⲑⲟⲧⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲁⲛⲁⲧⲟⲗⲁⲓⲟⲥ • ⲙⲉϩ ⲧⲁⲛϯⲟⲭⲓⲁ ⲧⲏⲣⲥ̄ •","english":"He was saying, \"Release me, my Lord Michael.\" Michael said to him, \"It is not a wonder that Diocletian should become king, because they gave him a little something from the Lord. The wonder is this: that Pilate and Herod sit, while the Son of God stands before them. This is also the way that Diocletian will become king over the Romans.\" The holy Theodore said to Michael, \"If it is the Lord's command that Diocletian become king, who am I to oppose his command?\" And Michael spoke to him of other mysteries that would happen to Diocletian, and he kept silent in peace. Amen. Then when it happened, the holy Theodore came to the palace and cried out, saying, \"Whoever wishes to become king, here is the throne set out.\" And the fear of the Anatolian filled all Antioch.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ ⲙⲓⲭⲁⲏⲗ","severity":"info","text":"The archangel Michael is addressed as 'Lord' (ⲡϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ), a title that in this homily reflects his authority as a divine intermediary, not the everyday sense of 'master'.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'Son of God' (ⲡϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ) echoes New Testament usage, here contrasting Christ standing before Pilate and Herod, a scene not directly biblical but drawn from later hagiographic tradition.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲇⲓⲟⲕⲗⲏϯⲁⲛⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"Diocletian, Roman emperor 284–305 CE, is cast as a persecutor in Coptic martyr narratives; the homily's claim that he received kingship 'from the Lord' reflects a theological paradox common in hagiography.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁⲙⲏⲛ","severity":"info","text":"The 'amen' (ⲁⲙⲏⲛ) here closes a speech unit, not the whole homily; it marks a liturgical pause within the narrative, consistent with the colophon formula 'in peace' (ϩⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲉⲓⲣⲏⲛⲏ).","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲁⲛⲁⲧⲟⲗⲁⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The 'Anatolian' (ⲡⲁⲛⲁⲧⲟⲗⲁⲓⲟⲥ) likely refers to a military unit or regional governor; its fear filling Antioch underscores the homily's local audience and its concern with imperial power.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The Coptic ⲛ̄ ϩⲛ̄ⲕⲉ ⲙⲩⲥⲧⲏⲣⲓⲟⲛ ('other mysteries') is vague; the homily does not specify what Michael revealed, leaving the reader to infer prophetic content.","The phrase ⲁⲩϯ ⲛⲁϥ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲥⲟⲩⲥⲟⲩ ('they gave him a little something') is ambiguous: it may mean a token of authority or a literal object; the translation 'a little something' is retained as neutral."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":65,"ref":"p65","source":"ⲙ̄ⲡⲉ ⲗⲁⲁⲩ ⲉϣϭⲙ̄ϭⲟⲙ ⲉ ϩⲙⲟⲟⲥ | ⲉϫⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲑⲣⲟⲛⲟⲥ • ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲉⲃⲟⲧ ⲛ̄ϩⲟⲟⲩ • ϣⲁⲛⲧ ⲉϥϯ ⲗⲟⲅⲟⲥ ⲛⲁⲩ ⲉ ⲧⲙ̄ ⲙⲟⲩⲟⲩⲧ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲟⲩ ⲛ̄ⲕⲉ ⲥⲟⲡ • Ⲧⲁⲥⲉⲃⲏⲥ ⲇⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ⲁⲥϯ ⲛ̄\nϩⲛ̄ⲛⲟϭ ⲛ̄ ϩⲟⲙⲛ︤ⲧ︥ • ⲛ︤ⲛ︥ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲧⲟⲓ ϣⲁⲛⲧ ⲟⲩϣⲓⲛⲉ ⲛ̄ⲥⲁ\nⲇⲓⲟⲕⲗⲏϯⲁⲛⲟⲥ • ⲁϥⲉⲣ ⲕⲉ ϩⲙⲉ ⲛ̄ϩⲟⲟⲩ • ⲉϥⲟ ⲛ̄ ⲥⲧⲁϥⲗⲓⲧⲏⲥ ⲙ̄ ⲙⲁⲛⲉϩⲧⲟ • ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ ⲑⲟⲧⲉ ⲕⲁⲁϥ ⲉ ⲉⲣ ⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • Ⲉⲓⲧⲁ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣⲉ ⲉϥⲉⲣ ⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲛ̄ϭⲓ ⲇⲓⲟⲕⲗⲏϯⲁⲛⲟⲥ ⲛϥ̄ϫⲣⲟ\nⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲕⲟⲩⲓ • ⲁ ⲡϩⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ ⲃⲱⲕ ⲉ ϭⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϥϣⲓⲛⲉ ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁϥⲧⲱⲟⲩⲛ ϩⲁ ϫⲱϥ • ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲕⲓⲣⲉ\nⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ • ⲁⲙⲟⲩ ϩⲙⲟⲟⲥ ⲛⲁⲕ • ⲉϫⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲑⲣⲟⲛⲟⲥ • ⲛⲅ̄ ⲉⲣ ⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • | Ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲡⲡⲉⲧ ⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ ⲛⲁϥ • ϫⲉ ϩⲁⲣⲉϩ\nⲉ ⲧⲡⲓⲥⲧⲓⲥ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛⲅ̄ ⲉⲓⲣⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲇⲓⲕⲁⲓⲟⲛ • ⲧⲁⲣⲉ ⲧⲉⲕⲙⲉⲧⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲧⲁϫⲣⲟ • Ⲡⲁⲥⲉⲃⲏⲥ ⲇⲉ • ⲁϥϭⲙ̄ϭⲟⲙ ⲕⲟⲩⲓ ⲕⲟⲩⲓ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁϥⲉⲣ ⲟⲩⲟⲉⲓϣ • ⲉϥϩⲁ ⲧⲁⲕⲟⲗⲟⲩⲑⲓⲁ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲕⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ\nⲉϥⲥⲩⲛⲁⲅⲉ • Ⲡⲁ ⲉⲓⲱⲧ ⲇⲉ ⲁⲡⲁ ⲕⲁⲓⲟⲥ • ⲉⲛⲉϥⲃⲏⲕ ϣⲁ\nⲣⲟϥ • ⲙ̄ⲙⲏⲛⲉ ⲉϥϭⲓⲛⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϥϣⲓⲛⲉ • ⲉϥⲡⲣⲟⲧⲣⲉⲡⲉ\nⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ • ⲉ ϩⲟⲩⲛ ⲉ ⲡⲡⲉⲧ ⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϥ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁϥϯ ⲙ̄\nⲡⲧⲱϣ ⲧⲏⲣϥ̄ ⲛ̄ ⲕⲏⲙⲉ • ⲉ ⲧⲟⲟⲧϥ̄ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ • ⲉ ⲧⲣⲉ ϥⲁⲣⲭⲉⲓ ⲉ ϫⲱϥ • Ⲁϥⲉⲣ ⲡⲙⲉⲉⲩⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲁⲡⲁ ⲯⲟⲧⲉ • ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲙⲁⲣⲏⲥ • ϫⲉ ⲡⲉϥϣⲃⲏⲣ ⲡⲉ ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧ ⲉϥⲉⲣ ⲣ︤ⲣ︥ⲟ • ⲁⲩⲱ | ⲁϥⲧⲣⲉⲩ ⲁⲁϥ ⲛ̄ⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ • ⲛⲉⲣⲉ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ϣⲟⲟⲡ\nϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲡⲓⲥⲧⲓⲥ • ⲉϥϫⲱⲕ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉϩⲃⲏⲩⲉ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ • ϫⲉ\nⲛⲉ ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ ⲡϫⲁϫⲉ ⲉⲑⲟⲟⲩ • ϫⲟ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϥⲛ̄ⲧⲏϭ • ϩⲣⲁⲓ\nⲛ̄ϩⲏⲧϥ̄ • ⲉⲓϣⲁϫⲉ ⲉ ⲡⲇⲓⲁⲃⲟⲗⲟⲥ • Ⲁⲩⲱ ⲉⲛⲉϥϯ ⲧⲱϣ\nⲉ ϫⲟⲟⲩ • ⲉ ⲑⲓ̄ⲗⲏ︦ⲙ︦ • ⲉ ϭⲱⲗⲡ̄ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲥ̄⳨ⲟ︦ⲥ︥︦•","english":"No one was able to sit upon the throne for a single day until he gave them an account, so that they would not kill them again. The impious king, however, gave great hardness to the soldiers until they sought Diocletian. He spent twenty days as a groom of the stable, until fear allowed him to become king. Then, when Diocletian became king, he prevailed a little. The holy Theodore went to seek him, and he arose for his sake. He said to him, \"Hail, Theodore. Come, sit for yourself upon the throne, and you will be king.\" The holy one said to him, \"Preserve the faith and do what is just, so that your kingship may be strengthened.\" The impious one, however, gained a little power little by little, and he made a show of following the order of the church while gathering. My father Apa Kaios, however, went to him continually, seeking him, urging him toward what is good, and he gave the entire administration of Egypt into the hand of the archbishop to govern it. He remembered Apa Pote in the Martyrion, that he was his companion before he became king, and he had him made bishop. The king was in the faith, fulfilling all the works, because the evil enemy had not yet placed his poison within him, speaking of the devil. And he gave orders to send to Jerusalem to reveal the cross.","structure":"dialogue","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲓⲥⲧⲓⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic ⲡⲓⲥⲧⲓⲥ (Greek πίστις) is rendered 'faith' here, but in context it may also imply 'faithfulness' to Christian practice, as the king is urged to preserve it alongside doing what is just.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"ⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ is rendered 'archbishop', the title of the patriarch of Alexandria in Coptic tradition.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲇⲓⲁⲃⲟⲗⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"ⲇⲓⲁⲃⲟⲗⲟⲥ (Greek διάβολος) is rendered 'devil', the personified adversary in hagiography.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The reference to sending orders to Jerusalem to reveal the cross alludes to the legend of the discovery of the True Cross by Helena, mother of Constantine, a common motif in Coptic encomia.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage is part of a dialogue between the holy Theodore and the impious king, with a shift to narrative about Apa Kaios and Apa Pote, illustrating the king's early piety before his corruption.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲁⲥⲉⲃⲏⲥ","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic ⲡⲁⲥⲉⲃⲏⲥ (Greek ἀσεβής) is rendered 'impious', but the text may have a scribal error or variant; the expected form would be ⲁⲥⲉⲃⲏⲥ. The sense is clear.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase 'ⲉϥⲥⲩⲛⲁⲅⲉ' (gathering) is ambiguous: it may refer to the king gathering the church or to the church gathering itself; the translation takes it as the king following the order of the church while gathering.","The identity of 'Apa Pote' is unclear; the text says he was a companion before the king's reign and was made bishop, but no further details are given."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[{"kind":"structure","severity":"info","label":"dialogue","text":"Classified as dialogue from the Coptic cues."}]},{"i":66,"ref":"p66","source":"ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲛϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ ⲓ︦ⲥ︦ ⲡⲉⲭ︦ⲥ︦ • ϩⲓⲧⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲅⲛⲱⲙⲏ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲁ ⲉⲓⲱⲧ\nⲁⲡⲁ ⲕⲁⲓⲟⲥ • ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉ ⲡϫⲁϫⲉ ⲉⲑⲟⲟⲩ • ⲁⲙⲉⲗⲉⲓ\nⲉ ⲣⲟϥ • ⲉ ⲧⲣⲉ ϥⲉⲣ ⲡⲁⲓ • ⲉϥⲥⲟⲟⲩⲛ ϫⲉ ⲉϥϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲛϩ̄\nⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ϣⲁϥϣⲟⲣϣⲣ̄ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉϥϩⲓⲟⲟⲩⲉ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ • Ⲉⲓⲧⲁ\nⲛⲉⲣⲉ ⲡⲁⲥⲉⲃⲏⲥ ⲛ̄ⲣⲟ ⲉⲣ ϩⲟⲧⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ ⲡⲁⲛⲁⲧⲟ‐ |\nⲗⲁⲓⲟⲥ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁ ⲧⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲱ • ϣⲁϫⲉ ⲛⲙ̄ⲙⲁϥ • ⲉⲥϫⲱ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲥ\nϫⲉ ϩⲣⲟϣ ⲛ̄ϩⲏⲧ • ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲕⲟⲩⲓ • ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉ ⲟⲩⲡⲟⲗⲁⲓⲙⲟⲥ\nϣⲱⲡⲉ • ϣⲁⲓϯ ϩⲁϩ ⲛ̄ⲭⲣⲏⲙⲁ ⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲇⲓⲣⲱⲛ • ϣⲁⲛⲧ\nⲟⲩⲙⲟⲩⲟⲩⲧ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ • Ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲣ︤ⲣ︥ⲟ ⲛⲁⲥ • ϫⲉ ⲉⲓⲉⲣ ϩⲟⲧⲉ","english":"of our Lord Jesus Christ, through the guidance of my father Apa Kaios. But the evil enemy did not neglect his part, to make him do this, for he knew that if he revealed himself outwardly, he would destroy all his ways. Then the impious king feared Theodore the invincible, and the queen spoke with him, saying, \"Be patient for a little while until a battle occurs; I will give many gifts to the soldiers until they kill him.\" The king said to her, \"I am afraid.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲡⲁ ⲕⲁⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"Apa Kaios is a monastic father whose guidance is invoked. The title 'Apa' is retained as a form of address, distinct from the biological sense of 'father'.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"sense","kind":"sense","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡϫⲁϫⲉ ⲉⲑⲟⲟⲩ","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'the evil enemy' likely refers to Satan or a demonic adversary, a common figure in hagiographic narratives opposing the saint.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage continues the narrative of Diocletian's rise and Theodore's confrontation, shifting focus to the queen's counsel and the king's fear.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲇⲓⲣⲱⲛ","severity":"info","text":"The term 'ⲇⲓⲣⲱⲛ' (from Greek δῶρον) refers to gifts or bribes, here offered by the queen to soldiers to secure Theodore's death.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲉϥϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲛϩ̄ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic 'if he reveals himself outwardly' is ambiguous: it may refer to Theodore revealing his true identity or the enemy revealing his plans. The context supports the latter.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The subject of 'ϥⲉⲣ ⲡⲁⲓ' (to make him do this) is unclear: it could be the evil enemy or the king.","The phrase 'ⲉϥⲥⲟⲟⲩⲛ ϫⲉ ⲉϥϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲛϩ̄ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ' leaves open whether the one who knows is the enemy or Theodore; the reading taken follows the enemy."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":67,"ref":"p67","source":"ⲛ̄ ϫⲟⲟⲩϥ • ⲉ ⲡⲡⲟⲗⲁⲓⲙⲟⲥ • ⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲉⲥ ⲡⲉ ⲙ̄ⲗⲁϩ ⲉ\nϫⲱⲓ • ⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲙⲟⲩⲟⲩⲧ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲓ • Ⲉⲛⲉϥⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲟⲩ ⲛⲁϥ ⲛ̄ϩⲁⲟ\nⲛ̄ⲥⲟⲡ • ϫⲉ ⲕⲟⲩⲱϣ ⲉ ⲧⲣⲁ ϩⲙⲟⲟⲥ • ⲉϫⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲑⲣⲟⲛⲟⲥ • ϫⲉ ⲕⲟⲩⲱϣ • ⲉ ⲧⲣⲁ ⲁⲛⲁⲭⲱⲣⲉⲓ ⲛⲁⲓ ⲉ ⲡⲁ ⲕⲁϩ • Ⲁⲩⲱ\nϣⲁⲣⲉ ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ ϫⲟⲟⲩ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ϩⲙⲟⲟⲥ ⲛⲁⲕ ϩⲓϫⲙ̄\nⲡⲉⲑⲣⲟⲛⲟⲥ • ϫⲉ ⲁ ⲧⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲉⲣ ⲧⲱⲕ • ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲣ ⲣ̄ | ϩⲟⲧⲉ\nⲱ̄ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ⲙⲟⲛⲟⲛ ⲛ̄ ϯⲛⲁⲉⲣ ⲗⲁⲁⲩ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲑⲟⲟⲩ ⲛⲁⲕ\nⲁⲛ • ϣⲁ ⲉⲛⲉϩ • Ⲉⲛⲉⲣⲉ ⲡⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ • ⲃⲏⲕ ϣⲁ\nⲣⲟϥ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲡⲉⲧ ⲕⲱⲗⲩ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ • Ϩⲣⲁⲓ ⲇⲉ ϩⲛ̄ ⲛⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ\nⲉⲧ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲩ • ⲁⲩⲛⲟϭ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲟⲗⲁⲓⲙⲟⲥ ⲧⲱⲟⲩⲛ • ⲉϫⲛ̄\nⲛⲉϩⲣⲱⲙⲁⲓⲟⲥ ϩⲓⲧⲛ̄ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲣⲥⲟⲥ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁ ⲡⲟⲩⲱ ⲧⲁϩⲉ\nⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ϫⲉ ⲁ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲣⲥⲟⲥ • ⲉⲓ ϣⲁ ⲙ̄ ⲙⲁ ⲛ̄ ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ • ⲁⲩϣⲉⲗ ⲙⲁ ⲛⲓⲙ • Ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲇⲉ ⲁϥϣⲧⲟⲣⲧⲣ̄ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲧⲉ\nⲡⲉϫⲁϥ • ϫⲉ ⲟⲩ ⲡⲉ ⲡⲁ ϩⲱⲃ • ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲧⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ⲧⲁ ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲕⲗⲁⲩϯⲟⲥ ⲧⲉ ⲧⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • Ⲡⲉϫⲉ\nⲛⲉⲓ ϩⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ϫⲉ ⲧⲱⲕ ⲧⲉ ⲧⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • | ϫⲉ\nⲁⲩⲧⲁⲁⲥ ⲛⲁⲕ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲡⲉ • Ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣⲉ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ̄ⲟ ⲃⲱⲕ ⲉ\nϩⲟⲩⲛ ϣⲁ ⲧⲣ︤ⲣ︥ⲱ • ⲁⲥⲛⲁⲩ ⲉ ⲣⲟϥ • ⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲗⲥ̄ ⲛ̄ϩⲏⲧ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲉϥϣⲧⲣ̄ⲧⲱⲣ • ⲡⲉϫⲁⲥ ⲛⲁϥ • ϫⲉ ⲉ ⲧⲃⲉ ⲟⲩ • ⲉⲕⲟ\nⲛ̄ ϭⲁⲃ ϩⲏⲧ • ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲓ ϩⲉ ⲧⲏⲣⲥ̄ • ⲉⲓⲟⲩⲱϣ ⲉ ⲧⲣⲉⲕⲉⲣⲏⲧ • ⲛ̄ⲑⲉ ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲕⲗⲁⲩϯⲟⲥ • ⲛ̄ ϩⲛ̄ⲛⲟϭ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲉⲓⲟ\nⲛⲅ̄ ϫⲟⲟⲩ ⲉ ⲡⲡⲟⲗⲁⲓⲙⲟⲥ • ⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲙⲟⲩⲟⲩⲧ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲟⲩ • ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲕⲗⲟ ⲉⲕϣⲧⲣ̄ⲧⲱⲣ ⲉ ⲧⲃⲏⲏⲧⲟⲩ • Ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣⲉ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲇⲉ\nⲥⲱⲧⲙ̄ ⲉ ⲛⲁⲓ • ⲁϥϫⲟⲟⲥ ⲛ̄ⲥⲁ ⲡⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ • ⲁϥϯ\nⲛⲁϥ ⲛ̄ ϩⲛ̄ⲛⲟϭ ⲛ̄ⲭⲣⲏⲙⲁ • ⲉ ⲧⲣⲉ ϥⲧⲁⲁⲩ ⲛ̄ ⲑⲩⲥⲓⲁ\nⲙ̄ ⲡϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ •","english":"...they sent him to the stadium, and they set the noose upon me, and they killed me. He sent to him many times, saying, \"Do you wish me to sit upon the throne? Do you wish me to withdraw to my own land?\" And Theodore would send to him, saying, \"Sit upon the throne, for the kingdom is yours. Do not be afraid, O king. I will never do any evil to you.\" The archbishop went to him, with the one who prevented him. Now in those days, a great war arose against the Romans by the Persians, and a report reached the king that the Persians had come to the garrison. They had destroyed many places. The king was greatly troubled and said, \"What is my business? I and the kingdom? Theodore and Claudius are the kingdom.\" These saints said to the king, \"The kingdom is yours, for it was given to you from heaven.\" When the king went in to the queen, he saw her weeping in her heart and troubled. She said to him, \"Why are you so downhearted? I wish you to send Theodore and Claudius to the stadium, that they may be killed, so that you may cease to be troubled because of them.\" When the king heard these things, he said to the archbishop, and gave him great sums of money to offer as a sacrifice to the Lord.","structure":"dialogue","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲟⲗⲁⲓⲙⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Greek loanword ⲡⲟⲗⲁⲓⲙⲟⲥ (from πολεμός) means 'war' or 'battle'; here it is used for the arena of combat ('stadium'), a common metonymy in martyrdom accounts.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲡⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"ⲡⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ is the Coptic rendering of 'archbishop', in this context referring to the patriarch of Alexandria, a key figure in the narrative.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ","severity":"info","text":"ϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ ('Lord') here designates Christ, as is typical in homiletic contexts; the sacrifice is offered to the Lord, i.e., Christ.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲣⲥⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲣⲥⲟⲥ ('Persians') refers to the Sasanian Empire, a frequent adversary of the Romans in the 3rd–7th centuries; this war setting is typical in hagiographic narratives of Theodore.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The passage is a dialogue between the king, Theodore, the archbishop, and the queen, with alternating speech and narrative; the queen's advice to send Theodore and Claudius to the stadium marks a turning point.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲉⲥ ⲡⲉ ⲙ̄ⲗⲁϩ ⲉϫⲱⲓ","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase 'they set the noose upon me' is ambiguous: it may be a literal execution or a metaphorical expression of persecution; the Coptic allows both readings.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of the speaker in the opening lines ('they sent him to the stadium...') is unclear; it may be Theodore or another martyr. The phrase 'they set the noose upon me' could be literal or figurative. The 'one who prevented him' (ⲡⲉⲧ ⲕⲱⲗⲩ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ) is not named."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[{"kind":"structure","severity":"info","label":"dialogue","text":"Classified as dialogue from the Coptic cues."}]},{"i":68,"ref":"p68","source":"ⲉ ⲧⲃⲉ ⲡⲟⲩϫⲁⲓ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲡⲟⲗⲁⲓⲙⲟⲥ • ⲁⲩⲱ |\nⲁϥϫⲟⲟⲩ ⲛ̄ⲥⲁ ⲛⲉⲓ ϩⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ • ⲉϥϫⲱ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲥ ⲛⲁⲩ • ϫⲉ\nⲟⲩ ⲡⲉ ⲡⲧⲱϣ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲓ ⲡⲟⲗⲁⲓⲙⲟⲥ • ⲉⲧ ϩⲓ ϫⲱⲛ • Ⲡⲉϫⲁⲩ\nⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲡⲡⲟⲗⲁⲓⲙⲟⲥ ⲡⲁ ⲡϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ ⲡⲉ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲟϥ ⲡⲉⲧ ϥⲓ\nⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ ϩⲓ ϫⲱⲛ • Ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲣ︤ⲣ︥ⲟ ⲛⲁⲩ ϫⲉ ⲙⲁⲣⲟⲩ ⲥⲟϥⲧⲉ\nⲛ̄ ϩⲛ̄ⲕⲁⲣⲟⲩⲭⲓⲟⲛ • ⲙⲛ̄ ϩⲛ̄ϩⲁⲣⲙⲁ • ⲁⲗⲉ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲟⲩ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲧ ⲛⲉⲣⲏⲩ • ϫⲓ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲙⲏⲏϣⲉ ⲃⲱⲕ ⲉ ⲡⲡⲟⲗⲁⲓⲙⲟⲥ • ϭⲱ ⲉⲕϯ ⲧⲱⲕ ⲛ̄ϩⲏⲧ ⲛⲁⲩ • ϩⲓ ⲡⲁϩⲟⲩ • ϣⲁⲛⲧ\nⲉⲕϫⲉⲉⲣⲉ ⲡⲡⲟⲗⲁⲓⲙⲟⲥ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • Ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲛⲉⲓ ϩⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲙ̄","english":"...concerning the salvation of the polaimos. And he sent to these saints, saying to them, \"What is the desire of this polaimos who is upon the throne?\" They said to him, \"The polaimos belongs to the Lord; it is he who bears himself upon the throne.\" The king said to them, \"Let them prepare chariots and horses, mount them, and together with your multitude go to the polaimos, while you continue to encourage them, until you bring the polaimos outside.\" These saints said to","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲟⲗⲁⲓⲙⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Greek loanword πολέμαρχος (polemarchos) is here rendered as ⲡⲟⲗⲁⲓⲙⲟⲥ, likely a military or civic official. The context suggests a figure of authority, possibly a governor or commander, seated on a throne.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ","severity":"info","text":"Here ϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ is rendered 'Lord' in the sense of a divine or saintly title, consistent with the homily's usage for Christ or a saint, not the everyday 'master'.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ϩⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"ⲛⲉⲓ ϩⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ (these saints) refers to the holy figures, likely Theodore and his companions, as per the homily's context.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"background","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The preparation of chariots and horses (ϩⲛ̄ⲕⲁⲣⲟⲩⲭⲓⲟⲛ ⲙⲛ̄ ϩⲛ̄ϩⲁⲣⲙⲁ) reflects Roman military and ceremonial practices, common in hagiographic narratives of martyrdom and triumph.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage continues the narrative of the king's interaction with the saints, moving from dialogue to action with the command to prepare chariots and horses, advancing the plot toward the resolution of the polaimos's fate.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of the polaimos (ⲡⲟⲗⲁⲓⲙⲟⲥ) is ambiguous: it may refer to a person (a military commander) or a symbolic entity (the throne itself). The Coptic phrase ⲡⲡⲟⲗⲁⲓⲙⲟⲥ ⲡⲁ ⲡϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ ⲡⲉ could mean 'the polaimos belongs to the Lord' or 'the polaimos is the Lord's', leaving the referent unclear.","The phrase ⲉϥϫⲓ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ ϩⲓ ϫⲱⲛ (he who bears himself upon the throne) is syntactically ambiguous: it may mean the polaimos bears himself (i.e., sits) on the throne, or that the Lord bears the polaimos on the throne."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":69,"ref":"p69","source":"ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲇⲉ ϩⲁⲣⲙⲁ • ⲟⲩⲇⲉ ⲕⲁⲣⲟⲩⲭⲓⲟⲛ • |\nⲛ̄ⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲁⲗⲉ ⲁⲛ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲟⲩ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲃⲱⲕ ⲉ ⲡⲡⲟⲗⲁⲓⲙⲟⲥ • Ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲛⲁⲩ • ϫⲉ ⲃⲱⲕ ⲉ ⲡⲧⲁⲙⲓⲟⲛ ⲛ̄\nⲡⲉⲭⲣⲏⲙⲁ • ϥⲓ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲧ ⲛⲁ ⲣⲱϣⲉ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲕ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲡⲉⲕⲙⲏⲏϣⲉ • ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲡⲟⲗⲁⲓⲙⲟⲥ • ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉ ⲧⲛ̄ⲕⲉⲧ ⲧⲏⲩⲧⲛ̄\nϩⲛ̄ ⲟⲩϫⲣⲟ • Ⲙⲛ︤ⲛ︥ⲥⲁ ⲛⲁⲓ ⲇⲉ • ⲁⲩⲃⲱⲕ ⲉ ⲡⲡⲟⲗⲁⲓⲙⲟⲥ • ⲁⲩⲙⲓϣⲉ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲣⲥⲟⲥ • ⲁⲩϫⲣⲟ ⲁⲩϭⲱⲡⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡϣⲏⲣⲉ • ⲙ̄ ⲡ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲛ︦ⲛ︦ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲣⲥⲟⲥ • ⲁⲩⲧⲁϩⲟϥ ⲉ ⲣⲁⲧϥ̄ ⲉ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • Ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ ⲛⲁϥ • ϫⲉ ⲉⲓⲥ ⲡϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲛ︦ⲛ︦\nⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲣⲥⲟⲥ • ⲁⲓⲉⲛⲧϥ̄ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲕ ⲙ̄ⲧⲟ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ϩⲓⲧⲛ̄ | ⲧϭⲟⲙ\nⲙ̄ ⲡⲁ ⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲡⲉⲭ︦ⲥ︦ • ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ⲛⲥ̄ⲧⲟ ⲁⲛ • ⲉ ⲧⲣⲉ ⲛⲕⲱ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲁⲓ\nϩⲁϩⲧⲛ̄ ⲗⲁⲁⲩ ⲛ̄ⲣⲱⲙⲉ • ⲉⲓ ⲙⲏ ⲧⲉⲓ ⲡⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ • Ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︥︦ⲟ ⲛⲁⲩ • ϫⲉ ϩⲱⲃ ⲛⲓⲙ ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲁϣⲟⲩ • ⲁⲣⲓ\nⲥⲟⲩ ϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲁ ⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲗⲁⲁⲩ ⲛⲁⲉϣⲕⲱⲗⲩ • ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲉϩⲥⲁϩⲛⲉ • Ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ • ϫⲉ ϫⲓ ⲙ̄ ⲡϣⲏⲣⲉ • ⲙ̄ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲛ︦ⲛ︦ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲣⲥⲟⲥ • ⲛⲅ̄\nⲕⲁⲁϥ ϩⲁ ⲧⲟⲟⲧⲕ̄ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲓ ϩⲉ ⲁϥⲧⲁⲁϥ ⲛⲁϥ • ⲉⲣⲉ\nⲛ̄ⲛⲟϭ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲥⲟⲟⲩϩ • ⲉⲩⲟ ⲙ̄ⲙⲛ̄ⲧⲣⲉ ⲉ ⲡⲉⲓ ϩⲱⲃ • Ⲙⲛ︦ⲛ︦ⲥⲁ ⲛⲁⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲁ ⲡϩⲱⲃ ⲱⲥⲕ̄ • ⲉⲣⲉ ⲡϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲙ̄ | ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ\nⲛ︦ⲛ︦ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲣⲥⲟⲥ • ϭⲁⲗⲱⲟⲩ ⲉ ⲡⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ • ⲁϥⲥⲱⲧⲙ̄ ⲛ̄ϭⲓ ⲡⲉϥⲉⲓⲱⲧ • ϫⲉ ϥϭⲁⲗⲏⲩ ⲉ ⲣⲟϥ • ⲁϥϫⲟⲟⲩ\nⲛ̄ ϩⲛ̄ⲛⲟϭ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲉⲓⲟ ⲛⲁϥ • ⲁϥⲕⲱ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϥϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉ ⲗⲁⲁⲩ ⲉⲓⲙⲉ ⲉ ⲡⲉⲓ ϩⲱⲃ • Ⲡⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ\nⲇⲉ • ⲁϥϫⲓ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲭⲣⲏⲙⲁ • ⲁϥⲥⲟⲣⲟⲩ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉϩⲏⲕⲉ ⲛ̄\nⲧⲡⲟⲗⲓⲥ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲭⲏⲣⲁ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲟⲣⲫⲁⲛⲟⲥ •","english":"...neither a chariot nor a carriage. We will not go up to them, and we will go to the polaimos. The king said to them, \"Go to the treasury of the money, take what will suffice for you and your multitude in the polaimos, until you are saved in safety.\" After these things, they went to the polaimos, they fought with the Persians, they conquered, they took the son of the king of the Persians, and they brought him before the king. Theodore said to him, \"Behold, the son of the king of the Persians, I have brought him before you, through the power of my king Christ, but I do not intend to leave this one near any man, except this archbishop.\" The king said to them, \"Whatever you wish, do it in my kingdom, and no one will hinder your command.\" The king said to the archbishop, \"Take the son of the king of the Persians, you shall keep him under your hand.\" And thus he gave him to him, while all the nobles were gathered, bearing witness to this matter. After these things, the matter was delayed, while the son of the king of the Persians was attached to the archbishop. His father heard that he was attached to him, he sent great honors to him, he released his son, and no one knew of this matter. The archbishop, however, took the money, he distributed it to the poor of the city, and to the widows, and to the orphans.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲟⲗⲁⲓⲙⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Greek loanword πολέμαρχος (polemarchos) is here rendered as ⲡⲟⲗⲁⲓⲙⲟⲥ, a military commander. The term is used throughout the passage as a title for a figure on a throne, likely a Persian official.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic term ⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ is rendered as 'archbishop' per the pinned glossary, referring to the patriarch of Alexandria in Coptic tradition. Here it designates Theodore, the central saint of the encomium.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲣⲥⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Persians (ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲣⲥⲟⲥ) appear as adversaries in this narrative, reflecting the historical context of Byzantine-Persian conflicts in the 6th–7th centuries, which are often retrojected into hagiographical accounts of Theodore of Antioch.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage is a narrative unit that follows a sequence: royal command, battle, capture of the Persian prince, Theodore's refusal to keep him, transfer to the archbishop, and the archbishop's charitable distribution. The pattern of victory and ransom echoes biblical and hagiographic topoi.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The archbishop's distribution of money to the poor, widows, and orphans (ⲛⲉϩⲏⲕⲉ, ⲛⲉⲭⲏⲣⲁ, ⲛ̄ⲟⲣⲫⲁⲛⲟⲥ) aligns with the Coptic ideal of the bishop as a protector of the vulnerable, a theme reinforced in encomiastic literature.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲟⲗⲁⲓⲙⲟⲥ","severity":"caution","text":"The term ⲡⲟⲗⲁⲓⲙⲟⲥ is ambiguous: it may refer to a person (a polemarch) or a place (the battlefield). The Coptic text uses it with a definite article and as a destination ('go to the polaimos'), but the context of a throne suggests a person. The English draft inconsistently treats it as a place.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The term ⲡⲟⲗⲁⲓⲙⲟⲥ may denote either a person (polemarch) or a place (battlefield); the Coptic phrase 'ⲡⲡⲟⲗⲁⲓⲙⲟⲥ ⲉⲧϩⲓϫⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲑⲣⲟⲛⲟⲥ' in the previous passage suggests a person, but here 'ⲃⲱⲕ ⲉ ⲡⲡⲟⲗⲁⲓⲙⲟⲥ' could be read as a location. The reading taken follows the person interpretation.","The phrase 'ⲁⲩϫⲣⲟ ⲁⲩϭⲱⲡⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡϣⲏⲣⲉ' is ambiguous: 'ϫⲣⲟ' means 'conquer' or 'prevail', and 'ϭⲱⲡⲉ' means 'take' or 'seize'. The English draft renders it as 'they conquered, they took the son', but the Coptic could also mean 'they prevailed and took the son' as a single action."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":70,"ref":"p70","source":"ⲙⲛ̄ ⲛⲉϥⲑⲩⲥⲓⲁ ⲛ︦ⲛ︦ⲉⲕⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ • Ⲡⲇⲓⲁⲃⲟⲗⲟⲥ ⲇⲉ ⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲛϩ̄ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ⲉ ⲡⲁⲥⲉⲃⲏⲥ • ⲇⲓⲟⲕⲗⲏϯⲁⲛⲟⲥ ⲉϥϫⲱ\nⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲥ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲉⲕϩⲙⲟⲟⲥ ⲉⲕⲣ̄ ⲟⲩ • ⲁ ⲡⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ\nⲕⲱ ⲙ̄ ⲡ|ϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲙ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲛ︦ⲛ︦ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲣⲥⲟⲥ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ⲁϫⲛ̄\nⲧⲉⲕⲕⲉⲗⲉⲩⲥⲓⲥ • ⲁϥϫⲓ ⲛ̄ⲧⲉϥϯⲙⲏ • ⲁϥⲧⲁⲁⲥ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉϩⲏⲕⲉ\nⲛ̄ ⲧⲡⲟⲗⲓⲥ • ⲙ̄ⲡⲉ ϥϣⲉⲡ ϩⲣⲁⲕ ⲉ ⲡⲧⲏⲣϥ̄ • ⲉⲓⲥ ϣⲟⲙⲧⲉ\nⲅⲁⲣ ⲛ̄ⲣⲟⲙⲡⲉ • ϥϯ ⲁⲅⲁⲡⲏ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲭⲣⲏⲙⲁ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥϫⲓⲧϥ̄ • Ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲇⲉ ⲁϥⲙⲟⲩⲧⲉ • ⲉ ⲛⲉⲛⲟϭ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲡⲁⲗⲗⲁϯⲟⲛ • ⲁϥⲧⲁⲙⲟⲟⲩ ⲉ ⲡⲙⲩⲥⲧⲏⲣⲓⲟⲛ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁ ⲡⲇⲓⲁⲃⲟⲗⲟⲥ ϫⲟⲟϥ •","english":"...and all his sacrifices for the churches. The devil, however, revealed himself outwardly to the impious Diocletian, saying to him, \"Why are you sitting idle?\" The archbishop released the son of the king of the Persians without your permission. He took his honor and gave it to the poor of the city. He did not accept any bribe at all. For three years now he has been giving charity from the money he received. The king then summoned the great men of the palace and told them the mystery that the devil had spoken.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲇⲓⲁⲃⲟⲗⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The devil appears as a speaking character, revealing himself to Diocletian. In Coptic hagiography, the devil often instigates persecution.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The archbishop (patriarch of Alexandria) acts independently, releasing the Persian prince and distributing money to the poor. This aligns with the title's use for the highest ecclesiastical authority in Egypt.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲅⲁⲡⲏ","severity":"info","text":"Here ⲁⲅⲁⲡⲏ refers to charitable giving (alms), not the liturgical meal. The context of distributing money to the poor supports this reading.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"external","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"Diocletian (Roman emperor 284–305) is portrayed as impious and allied with the devil, a standard trope in Coptic martyrdom narratives that cast him as the arch-persecutor.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage shifts from battle narrative to a court scene where the devil accuses the archbishop, then the king convenes the palace officials. The sequence builds tension before a new episode.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲙⲩⲥⲧⲏⲣⲓⲟⲛ","severity":"caution","text":"The word ⲙⲩⲥⲧⲏⲣⲓⲟⲛ (mystery) here refers to the devil's secret accusation, not a liturgical or theological mystery. The context clarifies it as a plot point.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase ⲁϥϫⲓ ⲛ̄ⲧⲉϥϯⲙⲏ could mean 'he took his honor' (i.e., the archbishop took the prince's honor) or 'he took his own honor' (the archbishop's dignity). The English draft opts for the former, reading it as the archbishop appropriating the prince's honorarium to give to the poor.","The three-year period for charity (ϣⲟⲙⲧⲉ ⲛ̄ⲣⲟⲙⲡⲉ) may be symbolic or literal; the text does not clarify."],"confidence":"high","notes":[{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲁⲅⲁⲡⲏ","text":"ⲁⲅⲁⲡⲏ → “love”. Greek ἀγάπη. The liturgical meal sense ('agape') is technical and should not be flattened to 'love'."},{"kind":"homonym","severity":"caution","term":"ⲁⲅⲁⲡⲏ","text":"ⲁⲅⲁⲡⲏ carries more than one sense (charity, agape (the meal)); this passage takes it as “love”. The choice is the translator's, not a lexical given."}]},{"i":71,"ref":"p71","source":"ⲉ ⲣⲟϥ ⲉ ⲧⲃⲉ ⲡⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲩⲛⲟⲩ\nⲁϥϫⲟⲟⲩ ⲛ̄ⲥⲱϥ ⲉϥϫⲱ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲥ • ϫⲉ ⲡⲁ ⲉⲓⲱⲧ • ⲟⲩ ⲡⲉ\nⲡϣⲓⲛⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ⲛ̄ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲣⲥⲟⲥ ⲉⲧ ϭⲁⲗⲏⲩ\nⲉ ⲣⲟⲕ :-| Ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲁϥ • ϫⲉ ϥⲟⲛϩ ⲛ̄ϭⲓ ⲡϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ ⲡⲉⲓ︦ⲥ︦\nⲡⲉⲭ︦ⲥ︦ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲡⲉⲕⲕⲣⲁⲧⲟⲥ ⲱ̄ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ϫⲉ ϫⲓⲛⲉ ⲡⲙⲉϩ\nⲥⲛⲁⲩ ⲛ̄ ⲉⲃⲟⲧ • ⲉϥϭⲁⲗⲏⲩ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲓ • ⲉⲣⲉ ⲟⲩⲥⲟⲧⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲉ\nⲡⲡⲟⲗⲁⲓⲙⲟⲥ • ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϥⲥⲡⲓⲣ • ⲁϥⲙⲟⲩ ⲉⲕϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲡⲟⲗⲁⲓⲙⲟⲥ • ⲱ̄ ⲡⲁ ϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ⲁⲓⲕⲱⲱⲥ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ ⲕⲁⲗⲱⲥ\nⲁⲓⲕⲁⲁϥ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲓⲟⲛ • Ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲧⲣⲉ ⲩⲛⲧⲉϥ\nⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϥ ⲙ̄ⲧⲟ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ⲉⲣⲉ ⲧⲡⲟⲣⲫⲩⲣⲁ ϭⲟⲟⲗⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ • Ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲛⲁϥ • ϫⲉ ⲕⲛⲁⲱⲣⲕ̄ ⲛⲁⲓ • ϫⲉ ⲡⲁⲓ ⲡⲉ ϩⲛ̄\nⲟⲩⲙⲉ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲩⲛⲟⲩ ⲁ ⲡⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ • ⲱⲣⲕ̄\nⲙ̄ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ϫⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲟϥ ⲡⲉ ⲡⲁⲓ • | ϩⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲙⲉ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉ\nⲗⲁⲁⲩ ⲉⲓⲙⲉ • ϫⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥⲱⲣⲕ̄ ⲉ ⲧⲃⲉ ⲟⲩ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁ ⲡⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ • ⲉⲓ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲓ ⲧⲟⲟⲧϥ̄ • ⲙ̄ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • Ⲁⲩⲱ\nⲙ̄ⲡⲉ ⲡⲇⲓⲁⲃⲟⲗⲟⲥ • ϩⲱ ⲉ ⲣⲟϥ ϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲉϥⲙⲁⲓⲡⲁ • ⲉ ϩⲟⲩⲛ\nⲉ ⲡⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ • ϣⲁ ⲡⲙⲉϩ ϣⲟⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲟⲗⲁⲓⲙⲟⲥ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥϣⲱⲡⲉ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁⲩⲁⲙⲁϩⲧⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲓⲕⲟⲙⲏⲧⲏⲥ • ⲡϣⲡⲣⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲛ︦ⲛ︦ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲣⲥⲟⲥ • ⲁⲩⲉⲛⲧϥ̄ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲙ̄ⲧⲟ\nⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ⲙ̄ ⲡⲁⲣⲓⲑⲙⲟⲥ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲧⲟⲓ • Ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣⲉ ⲡϩⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ\nⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲡϩⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲕⲗⲁⲩϯⲟⲥ • ⲛⲁⲩ ⲉ ⲣⲟϥ • ⲁⲩⲥⲟⲩⲱⲛϥ̄ • ϫⲉ ⲡϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︥︦ⲟ ⲛ︦ⲛ︦ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲣ|ⲥⲟⲥ ⲡⲉ • ⲁⲩⲱ ϫⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁ ⲡⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ ⲕⲁⲁϥ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ⲁⲩⲱ\nⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲩⲛⲟⲩ ⲁⲩⲣⲓⲙⲉ ⲉ ⲧⲃⲉ ⲡⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥϣⲱⲡⲉ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁⲩϩⲟⲡϥ̄ • ⲉ ⲧⲙ̄ ⲧⲁⲙⲟϥ • ⲉ ⲧⲃⲏⲏⲧϥ̄ • ⲉⲛⲉⲩⲟⲩⲱϣ ⲡⲉ • ⲉ ⲕⲁⲁϥ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ •","english":"...and all his sacrifices for the churches. The devil, however, revealed himself outwardly to the impious Diocletian, saying to him, \"Why are you sitting idle?\" The archbishop released the son of the king of the Persians\n\n...concerning the archbishop. And immediately he sent after him, saying, \"My father, what is the inquiry of the son of the king of the Persians who is imprisoned by you?\" He said to him, \"The Lord Jesus Christ lives, and your might, O king, for from the second month he has been imprisoned by me, having a wound from the battle in his side. He died in the battle, O my lord the king. I buried him well; I placed him in the episcopal residence.\" And the king had him brought before him, with the purple covering him. The king said to him, \"Will you swear to me that this is true?\" And immediately the archbishop swore to the king, \"It is he, truly.\" And no one knew why he swore. And the archbishop went out from the presence of the king. And the devil did not cease from his deceit, entering into the archbishop until the third battle took place. And they seized the comites, the son of the king of the Persians. They brought him before the assembly of soldiers. When the holy Theodore and the holy Claudius saw him, they recognized him, that he was the son of the king of the Persians, and that the archbishop had released him. And immediately they wept over what had happened, and they hid him, not informing him concerning themselves, for they wished to release him.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲡⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic term ⲡⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ (archbishop) is used here for the patriarch of Alexandria, consistent with the glossary rendering.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲡⲇⲓⲁⲃⲟⲗⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Greek loanword ⲡⲇⲓⲁⲃⲟⲗⲟⲥ (devil) is the personified adversary in hagiography, as per the glossary.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲡϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ","severity":"info","text":"ⲡϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ (Lord) here refers to Christ, as is typical in homilies, not the everyday social sense of 'master'.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲡϩⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"ⲡϩⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ (holy) is used adjectivally with the names Theodore and Claudius, designating them as saints.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage is narrative, recounting the archbishop's oath, the king's investigation, and the recognition of the Persian prince by Theodore and Claudius.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic phrase ⲁϥⲙⲟⲩ ⲉⲕϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲡⲟⲗⲁⲓⲙⲟⲥ (he died in the battle) is ambiguous: it may refer to the Persian prince's death or to a metaphorical death; the narrative later contradicts this by having the prince appear alive.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase ⲁϥⲙⲟⲩ ⲉⲕϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲡⲟⲗⲁⲓⲙⲟⲥ (he died in the battle) is ambiguous: it may be a false report or a narrative inconsistency, as the prince later appears alive.","The identity of the 'son of the king of the Persians' is not explicitly named in this passage, though the context suggests a known figure in the hagiography."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":72,"ref":"p72","source":"ⲉ ⲧⲃⲉ ⲡⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁ\nⲡϣⲁϫⲉ ⲥⲱⲣ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲡⲟⲗⲁⲓⲙⲟⲥ • ϫⲉ ⲁⲩϭⲱⲡⲉ\nⲛ̄ ⲛⲓⲕⲟⲙⲏⲧⲏⲥ • ⲡϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲛ︦ⲛ︦ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲣⲥⲟⲥ • Ⲁⲩⲱ\nⲁ ⲡⲟⲩⲱ ⲧⲁϩⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲁϫⲉ • ⲙ̄ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ⲁϥϫⲟⲟⲩ ⲛ̄ⲥⲁ\nⲡϩⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ • ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲁϥ • ϫⲉ ⲕⲩⲣⲓ ⲥ̄ⲧⲣⲁⲧⲩⲗⲁⲧⲏⲥ • ⲁⲩⲧⲁⲙⲟⲓ • ϫⲉ ⲁⲕϫⲣⲟ • ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲡⲟⲗⲁⲓⲙⲟⲥ • ⲁⲕϭⲱⲡⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲣ︤ⲣ︥ⲟ • ⲛ̄|ⲛ̄ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲣⲥⲟⲥ • ⲗⲟⲓⲡⲟⲛ\nϫⲓ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉϥϩⲣⲏϣⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲟⲩⲃ ⲛⲁⲕ • ⲧⲁⲙⲟⲓ̈ ⲉ ⲣⲟϥ ϩⲱ\nⲧⲁⲉⲓⲙⲉ • ϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲙⲉ ⲡⲉ ⲡϩⲱⲃ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲛ • ⲁⲡⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ ⲱⲣⲕ̄ ⲛⲁⲓ • ϫⲉ ⲁϥⲙⲟⲩ • Ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲡⲉⲧ ⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ\nⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ϫⲉ ⲡⲉϥⲥⲟⲛ ⲡⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲛⲁⲙⲁϩⲧⲉ\nⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ • Ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲩⲛⲟⲩ ⲁ ⲡⲡⲉⲧ ⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ • ⲕⲱ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲓⲕⲱⲙⲏⲧⲏⲥ • ⲕⲁ ϩⲏⲩ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉϥϩⲃ̄ⲥⲱ ⲛ ⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ϫⲉ ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲩⲥⲟⲩⲱⲛϥ̄ • ⲁϥϯ ⲛ̄ ⲕⲉ ⲟⲩⲉⲓ ⲉ ϫⲱϥ • ⲉϥϫⲛⲟⲩ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ • ϫⲉ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲣ ⲧⲁⲙⲉ ⲡⲣ︤ⲣ︥ⲟ • ϫⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲕ ⲡⲉ ⲛⲓⲕⲟⲙⲏⲧⲏⲥ • ⲡϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲛ︦ⲛ︦ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲣⲥⲟⲥ • Ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲙⲟⲩⲧⲉ\nⲉ ⲡⲡⲉⲧ ⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ • ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ • ⲉϥ|ϫⲱ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲥ • ϫⲉ\nⲙⲁⲧⲁⲙⲟⲓ ⲉ ⲡⲧⲱϣ • ⲉ ⲡϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕⲁⲙⲁϩⲧⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ • ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲡⲟⲗⲁⲓⲙⲟⲥ • Ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲡⲉⲧ ⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ\nⲛⲁϥ • ϫⲉ ⲁ ⲛⲓⲕⲟⲙⲏⲧⲏⲥ ⲙⲟⲩ • ⲡⲉϥⲥⲟⲛ ⲡⲉ ⲡⲁⲓ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲛⲁⲙⲁϩⲧⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ • ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲛϣⲓⲛⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲟⲧϥ̄ • ⲛ̄ⲥⲁ\nⲡⲉϥⲥⲟⲛ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲛ • ⲁ ⲡⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ ⲥϩⲁⲓ • ϣⲁ\nⲡⲉϥⲉⲓⲱⲧ • ϫⲉ ⲁϥⲙⲟⲩ • Ⲛⲁⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲉϥⲥⲱⲧⲙ̄ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲟⲩ • ⲛ̄ϭⲓ ⲡϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ⲁϥⲉⲓⲣⲉ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲑⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁ ⲡⲡⲉⲧ\nⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ • ϩⲱⲛ ⲉ ⲧⲟⲟⲧϥ̄ • Ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲇⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣⲉ ϥⲉⲓ • ⲉ\nϩⲣⲁⲓ ⲉ ⲧⲡⲟⲗⲓⲥ ⲁⲛϯⲟⲭⲓⲁ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲡⲉϥⲙⲏⲏϣⲉ •","english":"...concerning the archbishop. And the word spread abroad in the stadium, that the Nicomites had captured the son of the king of the Persians. And the report reached the ears of the king. He sent for the holy Theodore and said to him, \"Lord General, I have been informed that you have prevailed in the stadium, that you have captured the son of the king of the Persians. Therefore, take his ransom of gold for yourself. Inform me, and I too will know, whether the matter is true or not. The archbishop swore to me that he died.\" The holy Theodore said to the king, \"It is his brother whom we have captured.\" And immediately the holy one hid the Nicomites, leaving aside his royal garment so that they would not recognize him. He put another on himself, asking him, \"Do not tell the king that you are Nicomites, the son of the king of the Persians.\" And the king called the holy Theodore, saying, \"Tell me the truth about the son of the king whom you captured in the stadium.\" The holy one said to him, \"Nicomites died. This is his brother whom we captured. Let us inquire of him about his brother, or else the archbishop wrote to his father that he died.\" But when the son of the king heard these things, he acted according to the way the holy one had instructed him. And the king, when he came into the city of Antioch with his multitude...","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The title 'archbishop' in Coptic tradition refers to the patriarch of Alexandria; here it is used for the bishop of Antioch, reflecting a later titular usage.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The adjective 'holy' (ⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ) is used adjectivally for Theodore; in the Coptic text it appears with the article as a noun, designating the saint.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"external","lemma":"ⲛⲓⲕⲟⲙⲏⲧⲏⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The 'Nicomites' (ⲛⲓⲕⲟⲙⲏⲧⲏⲥ) are likely a legendary group; the name may derive from 'Nicomedia' or be a corruption of a Persian title, but no historical counterpart is attested.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲡⲟⲗⲁⲓⲙⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The stadium (ⲡⲟⲗⲁⲓⲙⲟⲥ) serves as a narrative setting for the capture, linking the military contest to the hagiographic motif of Theodore's victory.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲁϥ","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic phrase 'ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲁϥ' (he said to him) is ambiguous: it could refer to the king speaking to Theodore or vice versa; the English draft assigns it to the king, but the Coptic allows either reading.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"external","lemma":"ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"Theodore of Antioch (here called 'holy') is a legendary figure in Coptic hagiography, distinct from Theodore of Amasea; this encomium reflects a later, local cult.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of 'Nicomites' is unclear; it may be a personal name or a gentilic. The Coptic text does not specify whether the son of the king of the Persians is named Nicomites or belongs to a group called Nicomites.","The phrase 'ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲁϥ' (he said to him) lacks an explicit subject; the English draft assigns it to the king, but the Coptic could be read as Theodore speaking."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":73,"ref":"p73","source":"ⲙⲛ̄\nⲡϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲛ︦ⲛ︦ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲣⲥⲟⲥ • | ⲁ ⲡϩⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲁⲡⲁ ⲕⲗⲁⲩϯⲟⲥ • ϣⲡ̄ⲧⲱⲣⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲟⲟⲧϥ̄\nⲙ̄ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ⲙ̄ⲡⲉ ⲉϥⲉϣⲕⲱⲗⲩ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲟⲩ • ϫⲉ ⲛ̄ⲛⲟϭ ⲛ̄\nⲧⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ⲛⲉ ⲁⲩϫⲓⲧϥ̄ ϣⲁ ⲡⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ • ⲁⲩⲱ\nⲛⲉⲩⲟⲩⲱϣ ⲡⲉ ⲉ ⲕⲁⲁϥ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • Ⲛ̄ⲛⲟϭ ⲇⲉ ⲛ︦ⲛ︦ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲣⲥⲟⲥ • ⲡⲁⲛⲓⲕⲏⲣⲟⲥ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲗⲉⲟⲛϯⲟⲥ • ⲁⲩⲉⲓ ⲉ ⲧⲁⲛϯⲟⲭⲓⲁ • ⲉ\nⲣⲁⲧϥ̄ ⲛ̄ ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲕⲗⲁⲩϯⲟⲥ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲡⲕⲉ ⲥⲉⲉⲡⲉ • ⲁⲩⲉⲓⲛⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲩ ⲛ̄ ϩⲛ̄ⲛⲟϭ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲉⲓⲟ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲉ ⲡⲉⲓⲱⲧ ⲛ̄ⲛⲓⲕⲟⲙⲏⲧⲏⲥ • ϫⲉ ⲉⲩⲉⲕⲁⲁϥ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • Ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁ ⲡⲇⲓⲁⲃⲟⲗⲟⲥ\nⲟⲩⲟⲛϩϥ̄ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ⲉ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲇⲓⲟⲕⲗⲏϯⲁⲛⲟⲥ • ⲉϥϫⲱ\nⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲥ ⲛⲁϥ • ϫⲉ | ⲡⲁ ϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲇⲓⲟⲕⲗⲏϯⲁⲛⲟⲥ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲓϫⲡⲟⲕ ⲉ ⲡϫⲓⲛϫⲏ • ⲁⲓϯ ⲛⲁⲕ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲓ ⲇⲱⲣⲁⲓⲁ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲓ\nϭⲣⲏⲡⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲣ︤ⲣ︥ⲟ • ⲉ ⲡϫⲓⲛϫⲏ • Ⲁⲓϯ ⲥϩⲓⲙⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲣ︤ⲣ︥ⲟ ⲛⲁⲕ • ⲛ̄ ⲁⲧ ϩⲙⲟⲧ • ⲁⲓϭⲟⲟⲗⲉⲕ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲡⲟⲣⲫⲩⲣⲁ • Ⲁⲓϯ ⲛⲧ̄ⲥⲏⲃⲉ\nⲛ̄ ⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲉ ⲧⲉⲕϭⲓϫ • ⲉ ⲡⲙⲁ ⲙ̄ ⲡϭⲉⲣⲱϥ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁ ⲛⲉⲃⲁⲁⲙⲡⲉ • ⲛ̄ ⲁⲧ ϩⲙⲟⲧ • Ⲁⲓⲕⲁⲑⲓⲥⲧⲁ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲕ ϩⲓϫⲛ̄ ϩⲛ̄ϣⲟ\nⲛ̄ ϣⲟ ⲛ̄ⲗⲁⲟⲥ • ⲁⲓⲧⲣⲉ ⲧϣⲉⲉⲣⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲣ︤ⲣ︥ⲟ ϯ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲝⲟⲩⲣ •","english":"...with the son of the king of the Persians. The holy Theodore and Apa Claudius took him from the hand of the king. He did not prevent them, for the great ones of the kingdom had brought him to the archbishop, and they wished to release him. But the great ones of the Persians, the victors, and Leontius came to Antioch to the feet of Theodore and Claudius and the rest. They brought there great honor from the father of the Nicomites, that he might be released. And the devil appeared to the king Diocletian, saying to him, \"My son Diocletian, I begot you from the beginning. I gave you this gift and this royal purple from the beginning. I gave you a royal wife without price. I clothed you in the purple. I placed the royal scepter in your hand in the place of the throne of the kingdom without price. I established you over a hundred hundred peoples. I caused the king's daughter to give the diadem...","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic term ⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ (archbishop) here refers to the patriarch of Alexandria, a standard usage in Coptic hagiography.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲇⲓⲁⲃⲟⲗⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Greek loanword ⲇⲓⲁⲃⲟⲗⲟⲥ (devil) appears as the personified adversary, consistent with hagiographic convention.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲡⲁ","severity":"info","text":"The title ⲁⲡⲁ (Apa) is used for Claudius, marking him as a monastic father; it is left untranslated to avoid confusion with biological fatherhood.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"external","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The devil's speech to Diocletian echoes the topos of a demonic patron bestowing royal power, a motif found in Coptic martyrdom narratives to underscore the emperor's impiety.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage shifts from narrative (Theodore and Claudius releasing the Persian prince) to a direct speech by the devil, a common structural device in hagiography to dramatize the conflict between good and evil.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic phrase ⲛ̄ⲛⲟϭ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ (great ones of the kingdom) is ambiguous: it may refer to Persian nobles or to Diocletian's courtiers. The context favors the former.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of 'the great ones of the kingdom' (ⲛ̄ⲛⲟϭ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ) is ambiguous: they could be Persian nobles or Diocletian's officials; the narrative flow suggests Persian envoys.","The phrase 'father of the Nicomites' (ⲡⲉⲓⲱⲧ ⲛ̄ⲛⲓⲕⲟⲙⲏⲧⲏⲥ) is unclear: it may refer to a leader of the Nicomites or to a spiritual father; the context implies a Persian commander."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":74,"ref":"p74","source":"ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲥⲉⲓⲱⲧ ⲉ ⲡⲉⲕ ⲧⲏⲏⲃⲉ • ⲛⲁⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲁⲓⲁⲁⲩ\nⲛⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲕ • ⲙ̄ⲡⲉ ⲕⲛⲟⲓ ⲉ ⲡⲁ ⲉⲟⲟⲩ • Ⲁϥⲟⲩⲱϣⲃ̄ ⲛ̄ϭⲓ\nⲇⲓⲟⲕⲗⲡϯⲁⲛⲟⲥ • ⲉϥϫⲱ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲥ • ϫⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲕ̄ ⲛⲓⲙ • ⲉⲕϫⲱ\nⲉ ⲣⲟⲓ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲁⲓ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲓ ϩⲉ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲕ ⲡⲉ ⲡⲁ|ⲛⲁⲧⲟⲗⲁⲓⲟⲥ • ⲡϣⲟⲩϣⲟⲩ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ⲏ̄ ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲕ ⲡⲉ ⲕⲗⲁⲩϯⲟⲥ • ⲡϩⲓⲥⲱⲛ ⲛ︦ⲛ︦ ⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • Ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲇⲓⲁⲃⲟⲗⲟⲥ ⲛⲁϥ • ϫⲉ ⲟⲛ\nⲃⲓⲁ ⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲟⲩ • ⲉⲩⲉⲃⲉⲧ ⲡⲉⲓ ⲣⲁⲛ • ⲥⲛⲁⲩ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲙ̄\nⲡⲕⲟⲥⲙⲟⲥ ⲧⲏⲣϥ̄ • ϩⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲣⲱⲙⲉ ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲓⲥⲱⲧⲙ̄ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲟⲩ ϣⲁ\nⲉⲛⲉϩ • ⲉⲕⲣ̄ ⲟⲩ ⲛ︦ⲛ︦ ⲛⲉⲓ ⲣⲉϥⲛⲟⲩϭⲥ̄ • ⲉ ⲣⲟⲓ ⲉⲕϫⲱ ⲉ\nⲣⲟⲓ • ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲩⲣⲁⲛ • Ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲛⲁϥ • ϫⲉ ⲡϣⲟⲩϣⲟⲩ\nⲛ̄ ⲧⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲡⲉ • ⲡⲁⲛⲁⲧⲟⲗⲁⲓⲟⲥ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲕⲗⲁⲩϯⲟⲥ • ⲉⲓϫⲓ\nϩⲁⲓⲃⲥ̄ ϩⲁ ⲣⲟⲟⲩ • ϫⲉ ⲧⲱⲟⲩ ⲧⲉ ⲧⲙⲛ︤ⲧ︥ⲉⲣⲣ̄ⲟ • ϩⲁ ⲛⲉⲩⲉⲓⲟⲧⲉ • Ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲇⲓⲁⲃⲟⲗⲟⲥ ⲛⲁϥ • ϫⲉ ϣⲁ ⲡⲟⲟⲩ ⲕⲉⲣ\nϩⲟⲧⲉ ϩⲏⲧⲟⲩ • ⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲇⲩⲣⲁⲛⲛⲟⲥ ⲉⲧ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲩ • | Ⲡⲉϫⲉ\nⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲛⲁϥ • ϫⲉ ϯⲥⲟⲟⲩⲛ • ϫⲉ ⲁ ⲧⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲁⲛϯⲗⲉⲅⲉ ⲛ̄\nⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ ⲛ̄ⲕⲉ ⲥⲟⲡ • ⲁϥⲧⲟⲩⲛⲟⲥⲧ̄ ϩⲓϫⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲑⲣⲟⲛⲟⲥ • ⲛ̄ ⲧⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ⲁϫⲛ̄ ⲉⲣ ϩⲟⲧⲉ ϩⲏⲧϥ̄ ⲛ̄ ⲗⲁⲁⲩ • Ⲡⲉϫⲉ\nⲡⲇⲓⲁⲃⲟⲗⲟⲥ ⲛⲁϥ • ϫⲉ ⲁ ⲛⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ ⲉⲧ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲩ • ⲟⲩⲉⲓⲛⲉ • ⲁ\nⲧⲉⲩϩⲟⲧⲉ ⲱϫⲛ̄ ϣⲁ ⲉⲛⲉϩ ⲛⲁϩⲣⲁⲕ • ⲥⲟⲩⲱⲛ ⲉⲧ ⲛⲁⲕϫ (sic)• ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲡⲉ ⲡⲉⲕⲉⲓⲱⲧ ⲡⲇⲁⲓⲙⲱⲛⲓⲁⲥⲕⲟⲥ • ⲉ ⲧⲃⲉ ⲟⲩ ⲉⲕⲉⲣ\nϩⲟⲧⲉ ϩⲏⲧⲟⲩ ⲛ̄ ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲕⲗⲁⲩϯⲟⲥ • ⲉⲣⲉ\nⲡϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲛ︦ⲛ︦ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲣⲥⲟⲥ • ϭⲁⲗⲏⲩ ⲉ ⲡⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ • ⲉⲩⲟⲩⲱϣ ⲉ ⲕⲁⲁϥ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ⲛ̄ⲥⲉϫⲟⲟⲥ ⲉ\nⲣⲟⲛ • ϫⲉ ⲁϥⲙⲟⲩ • ⲙ̄ⲡ ⲟⲩϥⲓ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉϥⲁ|ⲥⲟⲩ ⲉⲩⲥⲟⲟⲩⲛ • ϫⲉ ⲕⲉⲣ ϩⲟⲧⲉ ϩⲏⲧⲟⲩ • Ⲙⲏ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉ ⲡⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ • ⲕⲁⲁϥ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ⲛ̄ⲕⲉ ⲥⲟⲡ •","english":"...of her father to your breast. All these things I did with you. You did not consider my honor.\" Diocletian answered, saying, \"Who are you to speak to me in this manner? Are you the unfortunate one, the glory of the kingdom, or are you Claudius, the king's brother?\" The devil said to him, \"Even now, these two names will be proclaimed throughout the whole world among men who will hear them forever. Why do you ask me about these two who are my accusers, speaking their names to me?\" The king said to him, \"The glory of the kingdom is the unfortunate one and Claudius. I have put them in bonds because of their fathers, for the kingdom belongs to them.\" The devil said to him, \"Until now, those tyrants have been afraid.\" The king said to him, \"I know that the kingdom of Antioch has appointed Theodore again. He has been set upon the throne of the kingdom without fear of anyone.\" The devil said to him, \"Those days have passed; their fear has ceased forever before you. Know that I am your father, the demoniac. Why are you afraid of Theodore and Claudius? The son of the king of the Persians is held by the archbishop; they wish to release him, but they will say of him that he died. They have not taken his measure, for they know that they are afraid. Has not the archbishop released him again?","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲇⲓⲁⲃⲟⲗⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Greek loanword διάβολος is rendered 'devil' per the pinned glossary; the etymological sense 'slanderer' is not used in this corpus.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"In the Coptic tradition this title refers to the patriarch of Alexandria; the neutral rendering 'archbishop' is used per the pinned glossary.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"background","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The dialogue between Diocletian and the devil reflects a hagiographic trope where the emperor is portrayed as a pawn of demonic forces, common in Coptic martyrdom narratives.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage is a narrative exchange of direct speech between Diocletian, the devil, and the king, advancing the plot of Theodore's vindication and the Persian prince's fate.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲥⲟⲩⲱⲛ ⲉⲧ ⲛⲁⲕϫ","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase ⲥⲟⲩⲱⲛ ⲉⲧ ⲛⲁⲕϫ is obscure; the draft reads 'know that I am your father', but the Coptic may be corrupt or misread. The intended sense is uncertain.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase ⲥⲟⲩⲱⲛ ⲉⲧ ⲛⲁⲕϫ is unclear; the reading 'know that I am your father' is tentative.","The identity of the speaker in the final lines is ambiguous: the devil or the king? The draft assigns it to the devil, but the Coptic may allow the king."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":75,"ref":"p75","source":"ⲛϥ̄ⲉⲣ ϩⲁⲗ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲕ • ϫⲉ\nⲁϥⲙⲟⲩ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲟⲛ ϫⲉ ⲡⲉϥⲥⲟⲛ ⲡⲉ ⲡⲁⲓ • ⲛ̄ⲧ ⲁⲛⲁⲙⲁϩⲧⲉ\nⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ • ⲉⲓⲟⲩⲱϣ ⲉ ⲧⲣⲉ ⲕϯ ⲗⲟⲅⲟⲥ ⲛⲁⲓ • ϫⲉ ϣⲁⲓⲧⲁϩⲉ ⲧⲉⲕⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲉ ⲣⲁⲧⲥ̄ • ϣⲁⲕⲙⲟⲩⲟⲩⲧ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲟⲩ ⲙ̄\nⲡϣⲟⲙⲉⲧ • ⲡⲁⲛⲁⲧⲟⲗⲁⲓⲟⲥ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲡⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲕⲗⲁⲩϯⲟⲥ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲉ ⲧⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ⲉⲣ ⲧⲱⲕ ⲙⲁⲩⲁⲁⲕ • Ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲛⲁϥ • ϫⲉ ⲉⲓϣⲁⲛⲙⲟⲩⲟⲩⲧ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲟⲩ • ⲉⲣⲉ\nⲛⲓⲙ ⲛⲁⲙⲓϣⲉ ⲉ ϫⲱⲓ • ϫⲉ ⲛ̄ⲛⲉ ⲛ̄ⲃⲁⲣⲃⲁⲣⲟⲥ ϥⲓ ⲛ̄\nⲧⲁⲙⲛ︤ⲧ︦ⲣ︦ⲣ︥ⲟ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲟⲟⲧ • | Ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲇⲓⲁⲃⲟⲗⲟⲥ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲣ︤ⲣ︥ⲟ •","english":"...he will not be your servant, for he is dead. And also, this is his brother. I have seized him, wishing for you to give me an account, so that I might establish your kingdom on its foundation, until you kill them—the three, the Anatolaios, the Archbishop, and Klaudios of the kingdom—by your own hand. The king said to him, \"If I kill them, who will fight for me? So that the barbarians do not take my kingdom from my hand.\" The devil said to the king,","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲡⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic term ⲡⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ is rendered 'archbishop' per the pinned glossary, referring to the patriarch of Alexandria in the Coptic tradition.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲡⲇⲓⲁⲃⲟⲗⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Greek loanword ⲡⲇⲓⲁⲃⲟⲗⲟⲥ is rendered 'devil' per the pinned glossary, denoting the personified adversary in hagiography.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"external","lemma":"ⲁⲛⲁⲧⲟⲗⲁⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The name ⲁⲛⲁⲧⲟⲗⲁⲓⲟⲥ (Anatolaios) likely refers to a military or court figure in Diocletian's circle, though not otherwise attested in this encomium.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage continues the narrative dialogue between Diocletian and the devil, with the devil urging the king to kill three named figures to secure his throne.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲛ̄ⲃⲁⲣⲃⲁⲣⲟⲥ","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic ⲛ̄ⲃⲁⲣⲃⲁⲣⲟⲥ ('barbarians') is a generic term for non-Roman peoples; the specific group intended is unclear from the context.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of 'Anatolaios' is not specified in the text; it may be a proper name or a title. The phrase 'Klaudios of the kingdom' could mean Claudius, the king's brother (as in the previous passage), but the Coptic leaves the relationship ambiguous."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":76,"ref":"p76","source":"ϫⲉ ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ ⲕⲉⲓⲙⲉ • ϫⲉ ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲡⲉⲧ ⲙⲓϣⲉ ⲉ ϫⲱⲕ • ϣⲁ\nⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩ • ⲙ̄ ⲡⲁⲛⲁⲧⲟⲗⲁⲓⲟⲥ ⲁⲛ • ⲡⲉⲧ ϭⲱⲡⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡϣⲏⲣⲉ • ⲙ̄ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲛ︦ⲛ︦ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲣⲥⲟⲥ • ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲡⲉ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲧⲟⲓ ⲉⲧ ϩⲁ ⲣⲁⲧ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ • ⲉⲧ ϯ ϭⲟⲙ ⲛⲁⲓ • ϣⲁⲛⲧⲁ ⲁⲙⲁϩⲧⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ • Ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲣ︤ⲣ︥ⲟ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲛⲓⲙ\nⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲡⲉⲧ ⲛ̄ⲛⲁϣⲙ̄ϣⲉ ⲛⲁϥ ⲛ̄ⲥⲁ ⲓ︦ⲥ︦ • ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲇⲓⲁⲃⲟⲗⲟⲥ • ϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲇⲉ ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲕϫⲱ • ⲙ̄ ⲡⲣⲁⲛ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲕⲉ ⲟⲩⲁ\nⲉⲧ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲩ • ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲛ̄ ⲣⲱⲕ ϣⲁ ⲉⲛⲉϩ • ⲉⲕⲕⲱ ⲛ̄ϩⲧⲏⲕ • ⲉⲩⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧ ⲁⲛϩⲃⲣⲁⲓⲟⲥ ⲙⲟⲩⲟⲩⲧ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ • ⲁⲗⲗⲁ\nⲟⲩⲱⲛ ⲛ̄ | ⲛⲉⲕⲃⲁⲗ • ⲛⲅ̄ ⲛⲁⲩ ⲉ ⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ • ϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲛ̄\nⲟⲩⲏⲣ ϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲩⲏⲡⲉ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲡⲙⲏⲏϣⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲁⲙⲁⲧⲟⲓ • Ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲩⲛⲟⲩ ⲁϥⲧⲣⲉ ϩⲛ̄ⲁϣⲏ • ⲛ̄ⲇⲁⲓⲙⲱⲛⲓⲟⲛ • ⲉⲣ\nⲡⲉⲥⲙⲟⲧ ⲛ̄ ϩⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲧⲟⲓ • ⲁⲩⲥⲱⲟⲩϩ ⲉ ⲣⲟϥ • ⲉⲩⲥⲃ̄ⲧⲱⲧ\nⲉ ⲡⲡⲟⲗⲁⲓⲙⲟⲥ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲟⲛ • ⲕⲉ ϣⲃⲉ ⲛ̄ⲇⲁⲓⲙⲱⲛⲓⲟⲛ\nⲁⲩⲉⲣ ⲡⲉⲥⲙⲟⲧ • ⲛ̄ ϩⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϫ • ⲁⲩⲟⲩⲟⲛϩⲟⲩ\nⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ⲉ ⲇⲓⲟⲕⲗⲏϯⲁⲛⲟⲥ • Ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲇⲓⲁⲃⲟⲗⲟⲥ ⲛⲁϥ • ϫⲉ ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲕⲉⲓⲙⲉ ⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩ • ϫⲉ ⲁ ⲑⲟⲧⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲁⲛⲁⲧⲟⲗⲁⲓⲟⲥ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲕⲗⲁⲩϯⲟⲥ ϣⲧⲣ̄ⲧⲱⲣⲕ̄ • Ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁ ⲡⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ • ⲕⲱ ⲙ̄ ⲡϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲣ̄|ⲣ̄ⲟ ⲛ︦ⲛ︦ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲣⲥⲟⲥ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ⲁϥϫⲓ\nⲛ̄ ⲧⲉϥⲁⲥⲟⲩ • ⲁⲩⲡⲱϣ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲥ ⲉ ϫⲱⲟⲩ • ⲙ̄ ⲡϣⲟⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ ⲁϫⲛ̄\nⲧⲉⲕⲅⲛⲱⲙⲏ • ⲛⲥⲥⲙⲉⲗⲉⲓ (sic) ⲛⲁⲩ ⲁⲛ • ϫⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲕ̄ ⲟⲩⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ⲉ ⲁϥⲱⲣⲕ̄ ⲛⲁⲕ ⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϫ • ⲙ̄ ⲡϣⲟⲣⲡ̄ ⲛ̄ⲥⲟⲡ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁⲩϫⲓ\nϭⲟⲗ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲕ • ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲓ ⲕⲉ ⲥⲟⲡ • ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲕⲉⲓⲙⲉ • ϫⲉ ϩⲛ̄ⲙⲉ\nⲛⲉⲧ ⲉⲓϫⲱ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲟⲩ ⲛⲁⲕ • Ϣⲉ ⲡⲉⲕⲟⲩϫⲁⲓ • ⲱ̄ ⲇⲓⲟⲕⲗⲏϯⲁⲛⲟⲥ • ϯⲛⲁⲧⲣⲉⲕⲛⲁⲩ ⲉ ⲡⲁⲛⲁⲧⲟⲗⲁⲓⲟⲥ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲕⲗⲁⲩϯⲟⲥ • ϩⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲛⲟϭ ⲛ̄ ⲑⲃ̄ⲃⲓⲟ •","english":"...that you have not known that it is I who have been fighting against you until now? I am not Anatolius, the one who is the son of the king of the Persians, but I am he, together with the soldiers who are under my command, and my gods who give me power, until I seize him. The king said to him, \"Who is the god who will serve me after Jesus?\" The devil said, \"You will not even utter the name of the other one who is there, out of your mouth forever, setting your heart on a god of the Hebrews who killed himself. But open your eyes, and you will see my gods, how many they are in the sky, and the multitude of my soldiers.\" And immediately he caused a multitude of demons to take the form of soldiers; they gathered around him, prepared for battle. And also, another seventy-two demons took the form of false gods; they appeared to Diocletian. The devil said to him, \"So that you may know now that the fear of Anatolius and Claudius has shaken you. And the archbishop has released the son of the king of the Persians; he took his tunic, and they tore it over them, the three, apart from your knowledge. They do not care for them, that you are a king who has sworn false oaths to you for the first time, and they have deceived you this second time. So that you may know that it is the truth that they are saying to you, for your salvation, O Diocletian. I will make you see Anatolius and Claudius in great humiliation.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲡⲇⲓⲁⲃⲟⲗⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Greek loanword διάβολος is consistently rendered 'devil' in this corpus, not 'slanderer', following hagiographic convention.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲡⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"ⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ is a Greek compound; in Coptic tradition it designates the patriarch of Alexandria, here rendered neutrally as 'archbishop'.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"external","lemma":"ⲇⲓⲟⲕⲗⲏϯⲁⲛⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"Diocletian, Roman emperor 284–305, is the archetypal persecutor in Coptic hagiography; his role here as a dupe of the devil reflects the genre's polemic.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage is a narrative dialogue where the devil boasts of his power and deceives Diocletian, advancing the plot toward the martyrdom of the three saints.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲛⲥⲥⲙⲉⲗⲉⲓ","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic ⲛⲥⲥⲙⲉⲗⲉⲓ (sic) is a scribal error for ⲛⲥⲉⲥⲙⲉⲗⲉⲓ 'they do not care'; the English draft follows the emended reading.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"external","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The encomium of Theodore by Pseudo-Theodore was transmitted in Coptic manuscripts and reflects the late antique Egyptian veneration of military saints.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase ⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ (my gods) could be read as 'my god' (singular) but the plural is supported by the following ⲛⲁⲙⲁⲧⲟⲓ (my soldiers) and the context of multiple deities.","The identity of 'the other one' (ⲡⲕⲉ ⲟⲩⲁ) is ambiguous; it likely refers to Christ, but the devil's speech deliberately obscures the reference."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":77,"ref":"p77","source":"ⲧⲁⲉⲓⲛⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲙⲟⲩ ⲉϥϩⲟⲟⲩ • ⲛ̄ⲑⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲁ ⲡⲉϥϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ ⲉ ϫⲱⲟⲩ • ϯⲟⲩ ⲛⲏⲃⲧ ⲛⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲓ\nⲧⲣ[ⲉ]ⲩⲧⲟⲝⲟⲩ • ⲉ ⲛⲉϭⲓϫ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲩϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ • ϩⲓ ⲡⲉⲥ|⳨ⲟ︦ⲥ︦\nⲉⲓⲥ ϣⲉ ⲧⲁⲓⲟⲩ • ⲙⲛ̄ ϣⲟⲙⲉⲧ ⲛ̄ⲓⲃⲧ • ⲁⲓⲥⲃ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲟⲩ ⲉ\nⲧⲣⲉⲩⲧⲁⲁⲩ • ⲉ ⲡⲥⲱⲙⲁ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲁⲛⲁⲧⲟⲗⲁⲓⲟⲥ • ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲛⲟϭ\nⲛ̄ ϣⲟⲩⲉ • ⲉⲧ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲣⲟ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲡⲁⲗⲗⲁϯⲟⲛ • ⲧⲁⲣⲉ ⲧⲉϥⲥⲱⲛⲉ ⲛⲁⲩ ⲉ ⲡⲉϥⲙⲟⲩ • Ⲁⲩⲱ ⲕⲗⲁⲩϯⲟⲥ ϩⲱⲱϥ • ϯⲛⲁⲧⲣⲉⲩⲗⲟⲛⲭⲓⲍⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ ⲉ ⲡⲉϥⲥⲡⲓⲣ • ⲛ̄ⲑⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲉ▨\nⲡⲉϥϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲓⲧⲣⲉⲩⲕⲟⲟⲛⲥϥ̄ ⲉ ⲡⲉϥⲥⲡⲓⲣ • ϩⲓ ⲡⲉⲥ⳨ⲟ︦ⲥ︥ •","english":"I resemble an evil death, like that of his master over them. I am ninety cubits, which I have prepared to be cast upon the hands of their master, and upon his cross.\n\nHere are one hundred and ninety cubits; I have prepared them to be placed upon the body of my Anatolius, in the great field that is at the gate of the palace, so that his sister might see his death. And Claudius himself, I will have him impaled upon his spear, like his master, so that I might have him pierced upon his spear, and upon his cross.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The term ϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ appears twice in this passage, rendered as 'master' in the social sense of a slave owner, consistent with the pinned glossary entry for non-Christological contexts.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲥⲱⲙⲁ","severity":"info","text":"ⲥⲱⲙⲁ here refers to the corpse of Anatolius, as the context describes preparing to place cubits upon his body in a field, aligning with the martyrdom sense of the term.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The passage is a narrative speech by the devil, continuing the previous dialogue, with a shift from first-person threats to a description of preparations for Anatolius's death and Claudius's impalement.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic text has a lacuna or unclear reading at ⲉ▨, where the English draft supplies 'like' (ⲛ̄ⲑⲉ ⲙ̄), but the exact word is uncertain; the sense is likely comparative.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"background","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The mention of a 'great field at the gate of the palace' and 'cross' reflects the martyrdom narrative common in Coptic encomia, where the saint's body is exposed and mutilated.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase ⲉ▨ is incomplete; the English draft reads it as 'like' (ⲛ̄ⲑⲉ ⲙ̄), but the Coptic may have had a different preposition or conjunction.","The number 'ninety cubits' and 'one hundred and ninety cubits' may be symbolic or literal; the text does not clarify their significance."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[{"kind":"lacuna","severity":"caution","text":"The source is fragmentary here: the edition marks a break or an editorial bracket, and the English carries across it. Treat the bridge as supplied, not translated."}]},{"i":78,"ref":"p78","source":"ⲛ̄ⲑⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲓⲧⲣⲉⲩϩⲱⲧⲃ̄ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲧⲣⲟⲥ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲡⲁⲩⲗⲟⲥ ⲛⲉϥⲁⲡⲟⲥⲧⲟⲗⲟⲥ • ϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲥⲏⲃⲉ • ϯⲛⲁⲧⲣⲉⲩⲙⲟⲩⲟⲩⲧ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲓ\nⲕⲟⲟⲩⲉ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲉ ⲧⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲉⲣ ⲧⲱⲕ | ⲱ̄ ⲇⲓⲟⲕⲗⲏϯⲁⲛⲟⲥ • Ⲛⲁⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣⲉ ⲡⲇⲓⲁⲃⲟⲗⲟⲥ ϫⲟⲟⲩ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ⲁϥϩⲟⲡϥ̄\nⲉ ⲣⲟϥ • ⲡⲁⲥⲉⲃⲏⲥ ⲇⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ⲁϥϣⲟⲣⲡ︦ϥ︦ ⲉ ⲡⲏⲓ • ϣⲁ\nⲧⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ⲁϥⲧⲁⲙⲟⲥ ⲉ ϩⲱⲃ ⲛⲓⲙ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩϫⲟⲟⲩ ⲉ ⲣⲟϥ • Ⲧⲡⲟⲣⲛⲏ ⲇⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲱ ⲉⲧ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲩ • ⲁⲥⲣⲁϣⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲧⲉ\nⲉϫⲙ̄ ⲡⲙⲟⲩ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲓ ⲡⲉⲧ ⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ • Ⲡⲉϫⲁⲥ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲁϥ • ϫⲉ\nⲧⲁⲣⲉⲕⲉⲓⲙⲉ ⲉ ⲧⲙⲉ • ϫⲉ ⲁⲩⲉⲓⲛⲉ • ⲙ̄ ⲡϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ\nⲛ̄ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲣⲥⲟⲥ • ⲉ ⲡⲉⲓ ⲙⲁ • ⲁⲩⲕⲁⲁϥ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ⲁⲩⲱ\nϣⲁϫⲉ ⲛⲓⲙ • ⲛ̄ⲧ ⲁⲩϫⲟⲟⲩ ⲛⲁⲕ • ⲉ ⲧⲃⲏⲏⲧⲟⲩ • ϩⲛ̄ ⲙⲉ\nⲛⲉ • Ⲙⲛ︦ⲛ︦ⲥⲁ ⲛⲁⲓ ⲇⲉ • ⲁⲩⲉⲓⲛⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ\nⲛ︦ⲛ︦ ⲙ̄|ⲡⲉⲣⲥⲟⲥ • ⲁⲩⲧⲁϩⲟϥ ⲉ ⲣⲁⲧϥ̄ • ⲉ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ⲁⲩⲱ\nⲁϥϩⲟⲙⲟⲗⲟⲅⲉⲓ ⲛⲁϥ • ϫⲉ ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲡⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩⲁⲙⲁϩⲧⲉ\nⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲓ • ⲙ̄ ⲡϣⲟⲣⲡ̄ ⲛ̄ⲥⲟⲡ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲡⲙⲉϩ ⲥⲡ̄ ⲥⲛⲁⲩ • Ⲁⲩⲱ\nⲡⲁⲛⲁϣ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲁ ⲡⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ • ⲱⲣⲕ̄ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ • ϩⲓϫⲙ̄ ⲡϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲣ︤ⲣ︥ⲟ ⲡⲁ ⲥⲟⲛ • ⲡⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥⲙⲟⲩ ⲉϥϭⲁⲗⲱⲟⲩ ⲉ ⲡⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ • Ⲛⲁⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣⲉ\nϥϫⲟⲟⲩ • ⲁ ⲡⲣ︤ⲣ︥ⲟ ⲣⲁϣⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲧⲉ • ⲁϥϫⲟⲟⲩ ⲁϥⲉⲓⲛⲉ • ⲙ̄ ⲡⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ • ⲁϥⲱⲣⲕ̄ ⲛⲁϥ ⲟⲛ ⲛ̄ⲑⲉ ⲙ̄\nⲡϣⲟⲣⲡ̄ ⲛ̄ ⲥⲟⲡ • Ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲩⲛⲟⲩ • ⲁ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ϭⲱⲛⲧ̄ ϩⲛ̄\nⲟⲩⲑⲩⲙⲟⲥ • ⲁϥⲃⲱⲕ ⲉ ϩⲟⲩⲛ ⲉ ⲛⲉⲕ|ⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ • ⲛ̄\nⲧⲡⲟⲗⲓⲥ • ⲁϥⲃⲓ ⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲕⲟⲓⲙⲏⲗⲓⲟⲛ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲟⲩⲃ • ⲟⲓ ⲟⲁⲧ • ϩⲓ ⲱⲛⲉ\nⲙ̄ⲙⲉ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁϥϩⲉ ⲉ ⲉⲛⲕⲁ ⲛⲓⲙ • ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲓⲟⲛ • ⲙ̄\nⲡⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁϥⲙⲟⲟⲩⲧϥ̄¹ Ⲉⲛⲉⲣⲉ ⲡϩⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ\nⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ •","english":"like the way they killed Peter and Paul, his apostles, in Rome, I will have these others killed as well, of the kingdom, to your glory, O Diocletian. But when the devil sent to the king, he hid himself from him. The impious king, however, sent him first to the house, to the king, and informed him of all the things that had been said to him. That harlot of a king, then, rejoiced greatly over the death of these holy ones. She said to him, \"Let you know the truth, that they have brought the son of the king of the Persians to this place, they have left him outside, and all the words that were said to you concerning them are true.\" After these things, they brought the son of the king of the Persians, and they set him before the king, and he confessed to him, \"I am the one who was captured the first time and the second time, and my oath, which the archbishop swore to me upon the son of the king, my brother, who died while he was hanging, to the archbishop.\" But when he sent, the king rejoiced greatly, and he sent and brought the archbishop, and he swore to him again in the same manner as the first time. And immediately the king became angry in a rage, and he went into all the churches of the city, and he took the vessels of gold, silver, and precious stones, and he found all the treasures in the episcopal residence of the archbishop, and he killed him. For the holy Theodore.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic term ⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ is rendered 'archbishop' per the pinned glossary; in this context it refers to the patriarch of Alexandria, Theodore.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲇⲓⲁⲃⲟⲗⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"ⲇⲓⲁⲃⲟⲗⲟⲥ (Greek διάβολος) is rendered 'devil' per the pinned glossary; here it personifies the adversary who incites the king against the saints.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲡⲟⲥⲧⲟⲗⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"ⲁⲡⲟⲥⲧⲟⲗⲟⲥ (apostle) refers to Peter and Paul, whose martyrdom in Rome is invoked as a parallel to the killing of the saints.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"external","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The mention of Peter and Paul's death in Rome (ⲧⲥⲏⲃⲉ) anchors the narrative in early Christian martyrdom tradition, linking the persecution under Diocletian to apostolic precedent.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage shifts from the devil's instigation to the king's actions, culminating in the archbishop's death; the repeated swearing motif (ⲱⲣⲕ) structures the narrative tension.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁϥⲙⲟⲟⲩⲧϥ̄","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic ⲁϥⲙⲟⲟⲩⲧϥ̄ (he killed him) is ambiguous: the antecedent could be the king or the archbishop; the English draft takes it as the king killing the archbishop, which fits the hagiographic context.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase ⲁϥⲙⲟⲟⲩⲧϥ̄ (he killed him) lacks an explicit subject; the context suggests the king as agent, but the Coptic allows ambiguity.","The identity of 'the son of the king of the Persians' and his relation to the archbishop's oath is not fully clarified in this passage."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":79,"ref":"p79","source":"ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲡⲟⲗⲁⲓⲙⲟⲥ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲡⲉϥⲙⲏⲏϣⲉ • Ⲁⲩⲱ\nⲁ ⲧⲉϥⲥⲱⲡⲉ ⲥϩⲁⲓ ϣⲁ ⲣⲟϥ • ⲛ̄ⲛⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ • ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲡⲁⲗⲗⲁϯⲟⲛ • Ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁ ⲡϩⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ • ⲗⲩⲡⲉⲓ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲧⲉ • ⲉ ⲧⲃⲉ ⲡⲉⲛⲧⲁϥϣⲱⲡⲉ ϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲡⲟⲗⲓⲥ • Ⲙⲛ︦ⲛ︦ⲥⲁ ⲛⲁⲓ ⲇⲉ • ⲁ ⲧⲡⲟⲣⲓⲏ ⲛ̄ ⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ϣⲁϫⲉ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ϫⲉ ⲉⲕϩ|ⲙ̄ⲟⲟⲥ • ⲉⲕⲣ̄ ⲟⲩ ⲧⲁⲭⲏ ⲧⲁⲭⲏ • ⲙⲟⲩⲟⲩⲧ ⲛ̄\nⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲕⲗⲁⲩⲇⲓⲟⲥ ϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲁⲣⲭⲏ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲇⲓⲱⲅⲙⲟⲥ • Ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲱ • ϫⲉ ⲉⲛⲛⲁⲙⲟⲩⲟⲩⲧ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲟⲩ • ⲛ̄ ⲁϣ ⲛ̄ ϩⲉ • ⲉⲣⲉ ⲡⲉⲓ ⲙⲡⲏϣⲉ ⲧⲏⲣϥ̄ ⲛⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲩ • ⲙⲏⲡⲟⲧⲉ ⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲧⲱⲟⲩⲛ • ⲉ ϫⲱⲓ ⲛ̄ⲥⲉϥⲓ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲁ ⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲛ̄\nⲧⲟⲟⲧ • Ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲥ ⲇⲉ ⲡⲉϫⲁⲥ ⲛⲁϥ • ϫⲉ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲣ ⲣ̄ ϩⲟⲧⲉ • ⲱ̄\nⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲥϩⲁⲓ ϣⲁ ⲣⲟϥ • ϫⲉ ⲁⲙⲟⲩ ⲛⲁⲓ ⲧⲁⲭⲏ • ⲙⲁⲩⲁⲁⲕ\nϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲓ ⲟⲩϣⲁϫⲉ • ⲙ̄ ⲙⲩⲥⲧⲏⲣⲓⲟⲛ • ⲉⲓⲛⲁϫⲟⲟϥ\nⲉ ⲣⲟⲕ • ⲉ ⲧⲃⲉ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲛ︦ⲛ︦ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲣⲥⲟⲥ • ⲉϥϣⲁⲛ|ⲉⲓ ϣⲁ ⲣⲟⲕ\nϫⲓⲧϥ̄ ⲉ ϩⲟⲩⲛ • ⲉ ⲡⲉⲕⲕⲟⲓⲧⲱⲛ • ϩⲱⲥ ⲇⲉ ϫⲉ ⲉⲕⲛⲁⲕⲟⲗⲁⲅⲉⲓ ⲛⲙ̄ⲙⲁϥ • ⲥⲟϥⲧⲉ ⲛ̄ ϩⲛ̄ⲇⲩⲙⲓⲟⲥ • ⲛⲅ̄ ⲥⲟⲛϩ̄\nⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ • ⲛⲅ̄ ⲙⲟⲩⲟⲩⲧ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ • ϩⲛ̄ ⲟⲩϩⲱⲡ • Ⲡⲁⲥⲉⲃⲏⲥ\nⲇⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲁϥⲡⲓⲑⲉ • ⲉϫⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ϣⲁϫⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲗⲟⲓⲙⲟⲥ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲱ • ⲁϥⲥⲟϥⲧⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲙⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥⲉ ⲛ̄ⲇⲩⲙⲓⲟⲥ ⲉ ⲣⲟϥ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲓⲃⲧ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁϥⲥϩⲁⲓ ϣⲁ ⲣⲟϥ • ⲛ̄ ϩⲛ̄ϣⲁϫⲉ ⲛ̄ⲕⲟⲗⲁⲕⲓⲁ\nⲛ̄ⲕⲣⲟϥ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁ ⲡⲡⲉⲧ ⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ ⲉⲓ ⲉ ⲡⲡⲁⲗⲗⲁϯⲟⲛ • Ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣⲉ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲁⲩ ⲉ ⲣⲟϥ • ⲁϥⲥⲱⲃⲉ ⲛ̄ⲕⲣⲟϥ • ⲉ ϩⲟⲩⲛ ⲉ ⲣⲟϥ • ⲉϥϫⲱ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲥ • ϫⲉ ⲁ ⲙⲁ\nⲛⲓⲙ ⲙⲟⲩ ϩⲛ̄ ⲣⲁϣⲉ ϫⲉ • ⲁ ⲡⲛⲟϭ ⲛ̄ⲇⲩ|ⲛⲁⲧⲟⲥ • ⲉⲓ\nⲉ ⲡⲡⲁⲗⲗⲁϯⲟⲛ • Ⲕⲁⲗⲱⲥ ⲁⲕⲉⲓ • ⲱ̄ ⲕⲓⲣⲉ ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ • ⲡⲡⲟⲗⲩⲙⲁⲣⲭⲏⲥ ⲛ̄ ⲣⲉϥϫⲣⲟ •","english":"in the stadium with his multitude. And his writing was written to him, that none of them would happen in the palace. And the holy Theodore grieved alone over what had happened in the city. After these things, the queen spoke with the king, saying, \"While you are sitting, what are you doing? Quickly, quickly, kill Theodore and Claudius at the beginning of the persecution.\" The king said to the queen, \"If we kill them, in what manner, with this whole multitude with them? Lest they rise up against me and take my kingdom from my hand.\" But she said to him, \"Do not fear, O king.\" She wrote to him, \"Come to me quickly, alone, for I have a word of mystery to tell you concerning the king of the Persians. If he comes to you, bring him into your bedchamber, as if you were going to converse with him. Prepare bonds, bind him, and kill him in secret.\" The impious king was persuaded by the words of the plague-like queen. He prepared sixty bonds and nails, and he wrote to him with words of deceitful flattery. And the holy Theodore came to the palace. When the king saw him, he smiled deceitfully at him, saying, \"From where does death come in joy? The great dynast has come to the palace. You have come well, O Lord Theodore, the commander of the victorious.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲡⲟⲗⲁⲓⲙⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic ⲡⲡⲟⲗⲁⲓⲙⲟⲥ (from Greek πολέμαρχος) is a title meaning 'commander' or 'warlord', here applied to Theodore. The English draft renders it as 'commander' but the Coptic form is a loanword with military connotations.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲗⲟⲓⲙⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic ⲗⲟⲓⲙⲟⲥ (from Greek λοιμός) means 'plague' or 'pestilence', used here as a derogatory epithet for the queen. The English draft translates it as 'plague-like', capturing the pejorative sense.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲡⲁⲗⲗⲁϯⲟⲛ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic ⲡⲡⲁⲗⲗⲁϯⲟⲛ (from Greek παλάτιον) refers to the imperial palace, a key setting in hagiographic narratives of persecution. The distinction between the palace and the city (ⲧⲡⲟⲗⲓⲥ) is a structural motif in this passage.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁⲩⲱ","severity":"info","text":"The passage is structured by a series of narrative actions linked by ⲁⲩⲱ ('and'), moving from the stadium to the palace, then to the queen's plot and Theodore's arrival. The repetition of ⲁⲩⲱ marks a paratactic style typical of Coptic hagiography.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲥϩⲁⲓ ϣⲁ ⲣⲟϥ","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase ⲥϩⲁⲓ ϣⲁ ⲣⲟϥ ('writing to him') appears twice in the Coptic, but the referent of the first instance is ambiguous: it may refer to the queen's letter or to a prior communication. The English draft interprets it as the queen's writing, but the Coptic syntax allows for a broader reading.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"Theodore is here called ⲡⲡⲟⲗⲩⲙⲁⲣⲭⲏⲥ (from Greek πολυμάρχης), a rare title meaning 'commander of many'. This epithet is not common in Coptic hagiography and may reflect the text's rhetorical emphasis on Theodore's military authority.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The first occurrence of ⲥϩⲁⲓ ϣⲁ ⲣⲟϥ is ambiguous: it could refer to the queen's writing or to a prior letter from the king. The reading taken follows the English draft, which assigns it to the queen.","The phrase ⲙⲏⲡⲟⲧⲉ ⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲧⲱⲟⲩⲛ ('lest they rise up') is a conditional construction; the exact nuance of the king's fear is clear but the Coptic leaves open whether the multitude is armed or merely a mob."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":80,"ref":"p80","source":"ⲁ ⲙⲟⲩ ⲃⲱⲕ ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲣⲥⲟⲥ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲡϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲛ︦ⲛ︦ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲣⲥⲟⲥ • ϫⲓ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲓ ⲧⲁⲉⲓⲟ\nⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϥⲉⲓⲱⲧ • ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲛ ⲕⲉ ⲙ̄ⲡϣⲁ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲟⲩ • ⲉ ϩⲟⲩⲛ ⲉ\nⲡⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ • Ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁ ⲡⲡⲉⲧ ⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ • ⲕⲱ ⲉ ϩⲣⲁⲓ\nⲛ̄ ⲧⲉϥⲥⲏⲃⲉ • ⲁϥⲃⲱⲕ ⲉ ϩⲟⲩⲛ ϣⲁ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁϥⲧⲱⲟⲩⲛ ⲁϥⲁⲥⲡⲁⲍⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ • ⲁϥϫⲱⲣⲙ̄ ⲉ ⲡⲙⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥⲉ\nⲛ̄ⲇⲩⲙⲓⲟⲥ • ⲁⲩⲥⲱⲛϩ̄ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ • Ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲡⲉⲧ ⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ\nⲛⲁϥ • ϫⲉ ⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲟⲩ • ⲁ ⲡⲉⲕⲣⲟϥ | ⲛ̄ ⲓⲟⲩⲇⲁⲥ • ⲙⲛ̄\nⲡⲉⲭ︦ⲥ︦ • ⲟⲩⲱⲛϩ̄ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ⲛ̄ϩⲏⲧⲕ̄ • ⲱ̄ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ⲁⲗⲗⲁ\nⲕ̄ϩⲟⲟⲩ ⲉϩⲟⲩⲉ ⲓⲟⲩⲇⲁⲥ • Ⲛ̄ⲇⲩⲙⲓⲟⲥ ⲇⲉ • ⲁⲩⲧⲁϫⲣⲟϥ\nⲕⲁⲗⲱⲥ • ⲛ̄ⲑⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲩⲟⲩⲧ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁⲩⲥⲱⲕ\nⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ • ϣⲁ ⲡⲉϣⲟⲩⲉ ⲉ ⲧⲣⲉⲩⲁϣⲧϥ̄ ⲉ ϩⲣⲁⲓ ⲉ ⲣⲟϥ • ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲱⲛ ⲛ̄ ⲣⲟ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲡⲁⲗⲗⲁϯⲟⲛ • Ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲡⲉⲧ\nⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ ⲛⲁⲩ • ϫⲉ ⲛⲁ ⲥⲛⲏⲩ • Ⲃⲱϣ ⲛⲁⲓ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲕⲟⲩⲓ • ⲧⲁϫⲱ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲥⲟⲡ ⲉϣⲗⲏⲗ • ⲉ ⲡⲁ ⲣ︤ⲣ︥ⲟ • ⲡⲉⲩ︤︦ⲥ︥ • ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲙⲟⲩⲟⲩⲧ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲓ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲑⲟⲧⲉ • ⲕⲁⲁⲩ ⲉ","english":"Death went to the Persians, and the son of the king of the Persians received these honors of his father, but they were not worthy of them. He entered to the archbishop, and the holy one placed his finger on his mouth. He went in to the king, and he rose and greeted him. He cast him into the midst of the stadium, and they bound him. The holy one said to him, \"Today, your treachery of Judas and of Christ has been revealed from within you, O king, but you surpass Judas.\" Now the stadium guards strengthened him well, as if to kill him, and they dragged him to the place of execution to hang him. They did not open the door of the palace. The holy one said to them, \"My brothers, open a little for me, that I may say a prayer once to my king, the Lord Jesus, before you kill me, and do not be afraid. Let them be...","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic term ⲁⲣⲭⲏⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ is rendered 'archbishop' per the pinned glossary, referring to the patriarch of Alexandria in Coptic tradition.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲉⲕⲣⲟϥ ⲛ̄ ⲓⲟⲩⲇⲁⲥ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲡⲉⲭ︦ⲥ︦","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'your treachery of Judas and of Christ' likely alludes to Judas Iscariot's betrayal of Jesus (Matthew 26:14-16, Mark 14:10-11), comparing the king's actions to that betrayal.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲙⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥⲉ ⲛ̄ⲇⲩⲙⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The 'midst of the stadium' (ⲡⲙⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥⲉ ⲛ̄ⲇⲩⲙⲓⲟⲥ) refers to a Roman amphitheater used for public executions and spectacles, a common setting in martyrdom narratives.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁ ⲙⲟⲩ ⲃⲱⲕ ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲣⲥⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The opening 'Death went to the Persians' marks a narrative shift from the previous scene in the palace to a new episode involving the Persian king's son, continuing the story's episodic structure.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁϥⲕⲱ ⲉ ϩⲣⲁⲓ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉϥⲥⲏⲃⲉ","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase 'placed his finger on his mouth' (ⲁϥⲕⲱ ⲉ ϩⲣⲁⲓ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉϥⲥⲏⲃⲉ) is ambiguous: it may indicate a gesture of silence or a blessing, but the Coptic does not specify the intent.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of 'the son of the king of the Persians' is unclear; he may be a new character or a previously mentioned figure. The gesture of placing a finger on the mouth is ambiguous—possibly a sign of silence or a blessing. The phrase 'they did not open the door of the palace' leaves unclear whether the door was locked or guarded."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":81,"ref":"p81","source":"ⲃⲟⲗϥ̄ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ϫⲉ ⲛ̄ⲛⲉϥⲙⲟⲩⲟⲩⲧ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲟⲩ • Ⲁϥⲟⲩⲱϣⲃ̄\nⲛ̄ϭⲓ ⲡϩⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ • ϫⲉ ⲛⲁ|ⲥⲛⲏⲩ • Ⲃⲱϣ ⲛⲁⲓ\nⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲛ ⲛ̄ ϯⲛⲁⲉⲣ • ⲡⲉⲑⲟⲟⲩ ⲁⲛ • ⲛ̄ ⲗⲁⲁⲩ ⲛ̄ⲕⲉ ⲥⲟⲡ • Ⲙⲏ ⲙ̄ⲡ ⲉⲓⲉⲣ ⲟⲩⲙⲏⲏϣⲉ • ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲧ ⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϥ ⲛⲙ̄ⲙⲏⲧⲛ̄ • ϣⲉ ⲧϭⲟⲙ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲁ ⲣ︤ⲣ︥ⲟ ⲡⲉⲭ︤ⲥ︥ • ⲛ̄ ϯⲛⲁⲉⲣ ⲡⲉⲑⲟⲟⲩ\nⲛⲏⲧⲛ̄ ⲁⲛ • ⲁⲓⲟⲩⲱ ⲅⲁⲣ • ⲉⲓⲥⲱⲛϩ̄ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲓ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲁ ϩⲧⲟⲣ • ⲙ̄ⲙⲓⲛ ⲉⲙⲙⲟⲓ • ⲉ ⲧⲃⲉ ⲡⲣⲁⲛ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲭ︦ⲥ︦ • Ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛ̄\nⲧⲉⲣⲉ ϥⲛⲁⲩ • ϫⲉ ⲙ̄ⲡ ⲟⲩⲡⲓⲑⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲕⲁⲁϥ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ⲁϥⲥⲱⲕ\nⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϥϫⲛⲁϩ ⲥⲛⲁⲩ • ⲉ ϩⲣⲁⲓ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲥⲟⲡ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲱⲧ • ⲁϥⲥⲱⲗⲡ̄ ⲛ︦ⲛ︦ ⲙ̄ⲙⲣ̄ⲣⲉ ⲉⲧ ⲙⲏⲣ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ • ⲁϥⲧⲱϭⲛ̄ ⲙ̄\nⲡⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲁⲥⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲣⲱⲙⲉ • ⲉ ⲡⲁϩⲟⲩ • ⲁⲩϩⲉ ⲉ ϩⲣⲁⲓ ⲉϫⲙ̄\nⲡⲉⲩϩⲟ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁϥⲡⲁϩⲧϥ̄ • ⲁϥⲟⲩ|ⲱϣⲧ̄ ⲙ̄ ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ • ⲁϥⲡⲱⲣϣ̄ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉϥϭⲓϫ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ⲁϥϣⲗⲏⲗ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲓ ϩⲉ • ⲉϥϫⲱ\nⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲥ • ϫⲉ ϯⲧⲱⲃϩ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲕ • ⲡⲁ ϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ ⲓ︦ⲥ︦ ⲡⲉⲭ︦ⲥ︦ • ⲡⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥⲡⲗⲁⲥⲥⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲓ • ϫⲉ ⲛⲉⲓ ϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲕⲁⲗⲁϩⲏ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲁ\nⲙⲁⲁⲩ • ⲁ ⲡⲉϥⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ ϯ ⲣⲁⲛ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲓ • ϫⲓⲛⲉ ⲧⲁ\nⲙⲉⲧⲕⲟⲩⲓ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁ ⲡⲉⲕⲛⲁ ⲧⲁϩⲟⲓ • ⲁⲕϯ ϭⲟⲙ ⲛⲁⲓ ϩⲙ̄\nⲡⲡⲟⲗⲁⲓⲙⲟⲥ • ⲛ̄ⲑⲉ ⲛ̄ⲓⲏⲥⲟⲩ ⲛⲁⲩⲏ • ⲉⲣⲉ ⲡⲉⲕⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ\nⲙⲓϣⲉ ⲉ ϫⲱϥ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛ̄ⲑⲉ ⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲙⲉⲉⲓ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥⲡⲁⲧⲁⲥⲥⲉ ⲛ̄\nⲛ̄ⲁⲗⲗⲟⲫⲩⲗⲟⲥ • ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲇⲉ ϩⲱ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲓⲡⲁⲧⲁⲥⲥⲉ ⲛ︦ⲛ︦ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲣⲥⲟⲥ • ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲕⲣⲁⲛ ⲉⲧ ⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ • ⲁ ⲛⲁ[ϫ]ⲁϫⲉ ϫⲓ\nϣⲓⲡⲉ ⲟⲉ ⲟⲁ ⲛⲁⲟⲩⲉⲣ[ⲏ]ⲧⲉ • ϯϣⲡ̄ | ϩⲙⲟⲧ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲟⲟⲧⲕ̄\nⲡⲁ ϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ • ϫⲉ ⲁⲕϥⲓ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲩ ⲛ︦ⲛ︦ ⲙ̄ⲙⲣ̄ⲣⲉ ⲉⲧ ⲙⲏⲣ\nⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲓ • ϣⲁⲛⲧ ⲉⲓϣⲗⲏⲗ ⲉ ϩⲣⲁⲓ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲕ • ϯ ϭⲟⲙ ⲛⲁⲓ\nⲡⲁ ϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ • ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉ ⲉⲓϣϭⲙ̄ϭⲟⲙ • ⲉϥⲓ ϩⲁ ⲃⲁⲍⲁⲛⲟⲥ • ⲉⲧ ϭⲉⲉⲧ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲓ • ϫⲉ ⲁⲛⲅ̄ ⲟⲩⲥⲁⲣⲝ̄ ϩⲓ ⲥⲛⲟϥ •","english":"He released them one by one, saying, \"I will not kill them.\" The holy Theodore answered, \"Brothers, break these bonds for me, for I will not do evil to you any more. Have I not done many good deeds with you? By the power of my king Christ, I will not do evil to you. For I have sworn by my own heart, for the sake of the name of Christ.\" And when he saw that they did not obey him, he let them go, he drew his two hands together at once, he loosened the bonds that were tied around him, he stood up the fourteen men behind him, they fell upon their faces, and he prostrated himself, he worshipped God, he spread out his hands, he prayed in this manner, saying, \"I beseech you, my Lord Jesus Christ, who created me, that from the womb of my mother, your angel gave me a name from my childhood, and your grace established me, you gave me strength in the battle, like Joshua son of Nun, with your angel fighting on his behalf, and like Samuel who struck down the foreigners, I also struck down the Persians in your holy name. The enemies received shame at my hands. I give thanks to you, my Lord, that you have removed the bonds that were tied around me, until I have prayed to you. Give me strength, my Lord, until I am able to bear the tortures that are prepared for me, for I am flesh and blood.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic ⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ (from Greek ἄγγελος) here refers to a divine messenger, not a human envoy, as it is associated with Theodore's naming and battle aid.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲛ̄ⲑⲉ ⲛ̄ⲓⲏⲥⲟⲩ ⲛⲁⲩⲏ","severity":"info","text":"Theodore compares himself to Joshua son of Nun (Joshua 10:10–14), whose angelic aid is a haggadic tradition, not biblical text, but common in Coptic homilies.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲛ̄ⲑⲉ ⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲙⲉⲉⲓ","severity":"info","text":"Theodore also compares himself to Samuel (1 Samuel 7:10–14), who struck down foreigners; this conflates Samuel the judge with a warrior role, reflecting hagiographic expansion.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲡⲟⲗⲁⲓⲙⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Greek loanword ⲡⲟⲗⲁⲓⲙⲟⲥ (πόλεμος) indicates the military context of Theodore's prayer, consistent with his role as a soldier saint in the encomium.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁϥϣⲗⲏⲗ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲓ ϩⲉ","severity":"info","text":"This prayer unit (ⲁϥϣⲗⲏⲗ) marks a structural shift from narrative action to direct supplication, typical of Coptic homilies where the saint's prayer serves as a devotional model.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲛⲁ[ϫ]ⲁϫⲉ","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic ⲛⲁ[ϫ]ⲁϫⲉ is partially restored; the lacuna likely reads ⲛⲁϫⲁϫⲉ (enemies), but the manuscript may be damaged, affecting the precise reading.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase ⲛ̄ⲑⲉ ⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲙⲉⲉⲓ may refer to Samuel the prophet or a conflated figure; the text does not clarify the source of the warrior tradition.","The lacuna in ⲛⲁ[ϫ]ⲁϫⲉ leaves the exact word uncertain, though 'enemies' is the likely reading."],"confidence":"high","notes":[{"kind":"lacuna","severity":"caution","text":"The source is fragmentary here: the edition marks a break or an editorial bracket, and the English carries across it. Treat the bridge as supplied, not translated."}]},{"i":82,"ref":"p82","source":"ⲛ̄ⲑⲉ ⲛ̄\nⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲛⲓⲙ • Ⲙⲁⲣⲉ ⲡⲉⲕⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ ⲛ̄ ϫⲱⲱⲣⲉ ⲁϩⲉ ⲣⲁⲧϥ̄\nⲛⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲓ • ϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲓ ⲟⲩⲛⲟⲩ ⲧⲁⲓ • ϣⲁⲛⲧ ⲉⲓϫⲱⲕ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ⲙ̄ ⲡⲁ ⲁⲅⲱⲛ • Ⲙⲡⲉⲣ ϩⲟⲩⲣⲱⲱⲧ ⲡⲁ ϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ • ⲉ ⲛⲉⲕⲁⲅⲁⲑⲟⲛ • ⲟⲩⲇⲉ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲣ ϥⲓ ⲱⲡ ⲛⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲓ • ⲉ ⲧⲃⲉ ⲡⲉⲓ\nⲙⲏⲏϣⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲥⲛⲟϥ ⲛ̄ⲧ ⲁⲓⲡⲁϩⲧⲟⲩ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲡⲟⲗⲁⲓⲙⲟⲥ • ϫⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲕ ⲁⲕⲧⲁϫⲣⲟⲓ ϩⲛ̄ | ⲧⲉⲕϭⲟⲙ ⲁⲓⲡⲁⲧⲁⲥⲥⲉ\nⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲟⲩ • ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲣ ⲧⲣⲉ ⲧⲁ ⲥⲏⲃⲉ • ⲡⲱⲧ ⲉ ⲧⲟⲟⲧϥ̄ ⲛ̄ⲕⲉ\nⲟⲩⲁ • ⲡⲉⲟⲟⲩ ⲛⲁⲕ • ϣⲁ ⲉⲛⲉϩ ⲛ̄ ⲉⲛⲉϩ ϩⲁⲙⲏⲛ • Ⲛⲁⲓ ⲇⲉ","english":"of everyone. Let your angel stand with me at this very hour until I complete my struggle. Do not withhold your goodness from me, my Lord, nor turn your face away from me because of the multitude of bloodshed I have poured out in the stadium, for you have strengthened me with your power. I have subdued them. Do not let my sword fall into the hand of another. Glory to you forever and ever, amen. Now these","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic ϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ is rendered 'Lord' in the glossary, but here the speaker addresses Christ directly, consistent with the homiletic use of the term for Christ rather than the everyday social sense 'master'.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ϩⲁⲙⲏⲛ","severity":"info","text":"The transliterated Hebrew ⲁⲙⲏⲛ (amen) closes the doxology, as is standard in Coptic liturgy and homilies, marking the end of a prayer or section.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"external","lemma":"ⲡⲡⲟⲗⲁⲓⲙⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Greek loanword ⲡⲟⲗⲁⲓⲙⲟⲥ (stadium) refers to the arena where Christian martyrs were executed, a common setting in hagiographical narratives of Theodore.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"Ⲛⲁⲓ ⲇⲉ","severity":"info","text":"The phrase Ⲛⲁⲓ ⲇⲉ ('Now these') signals a transition from the prayer/doxology back to the narrative, typical of homiletic structure where a prayer is inserted before resuming the story.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"external","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The doxology 'Glory to you forever and ever, amen' is a standard liturgical formula in Coptic encomia, reflecting the homily's use in a liturgical setting where the congregation would respond.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲣ ϩⲟⲩⲣⲱⲱⲧ ⲡⲁ ϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ could be read as 'do not withhold, my Lord' or 'do not be slow, my Lord'; the translation takes the former, consistent with the request for goodness.","The Coptic ⲧⲁ ⲥⲏⲃⲉ (my sword) is ambiguous: it may be literal (the martyr's weapon) or metaphorical (the struggle); the translation takes the literal sense."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":83,"ref":"p83","source":"ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣⲉ ϥ̄ϫⲟⲟⲩ • ⲁϥⲙⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲉⲛⲇⲩⲙⲓⲟⲥ • ⲉⲧ ⲕⲱⲧⲉ ⲉ\nⲣⲟϥ • ϫⲉ ⲙⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲉ ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲧⲟⲓ • ⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲗⲟ ⲉⲩϣⲧⲣ̄ⲧⲱⲣ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁ ⲡⲁ ⲟⲩⲟⲉⲓϣ ⲟⲩⲉⲓⲛⲉ • ⲙ̄[ⲡ]ⲉⲓⲉⲣ ⲗⲁⲁⲩ ⲛ̄ϩⲱⲃ • ϫⲉ ⲁ ⲡⲁ ⲁϩⲉ ϫⲱⲕ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • Ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲩⲛⲟⲩ ⲁϥⲉⲓⲛⲉ • ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉϥϭⲓϫ ⲥⲁ ⲥⲡⲓⲣ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ • ⲁϥϣⲁϣⲟⲩ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲡⲉϥⲥⲱⲙⲁ • Ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲁⲩ ϫⲉ ⲥⲱⲛϩ̄ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲓ ϩⲓ ⲃⲟⲗ • ⲁⲓⲟⲩⲱ\nⲉⲓⲥⲱⲛϩ̄ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲓ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲡⲛⲁ̄ • Ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲩⲛⲟⲩ ⲁϥⲁⲗⲉ ⲉϫⲙ̄\nⲡⲉϣⲟⲩⲉ | ⲙ̄ⲁⲁⲩⲁϥ • ⲁϥⲟⲩⲱϣⲧ̄ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ • ⲁϥϣⲁϫⲉ\nⲙⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲇⲩⲙⲓⲟⲥ • ϫⲉ ⲁⲙⲏⲓⲧⲛ̄ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲉⲓⲃⲧ • ⲙⲛ̄\nⲛⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲁⲧⲏⲣ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲱⲕ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩⲟⲩⲉϩⲥⲁϩⲛⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ ⲛⲏⲧⲛ̄ • Ⲛ̄ⲁⲧⲛⲁ ⲇⲉ ⲉⲧ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲩ • ⲁⲩⲧⲟⲕⲥ̄\nⲙ̄ ⲙⲏⲧ ⲛ̄ⲓⲃⲧ ϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲉϥϭⲓϫ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲛⲁⲙ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲙⲏⲧ ϩⲛ̄\nⲧⲉϥϭⲓϫ ⲛ̄ ϩⲃⲟⲩⲣ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁⲩⲧⲟⲕⲥ̄ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲥⲉⲉⲡⲉ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϥⲥⲱⲙⲁ ⲧⲏⲣϥ̄ • ϩⲱⲥ ⲇⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲉ ⲡⲉϥⲥⲛⲟϥ ⲧⲱϩ ⲙⲛ̄\nⲡⲙⲟⲟⲩ • ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϣⲟⲩⲉ ⲛ̄ⲥⲉϩⲁⲧ ϩⲓϫⲙ̄ ⲡⲕⲁϩ • Ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁ ⲡϩⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ ϩⲱ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲧⲉ • [ⲁϥ]ⲃⲓ ⲛ̄\nⲛⲉϥⲃⲁ[ⲗ] • ⲉ ϩ|ⲣⲁⲓ ⲉ ⲧⲡⲉ • ϫⲉ ⲉϥⲛⲁⲉⲡⲉⲓⲕⲁⲗⲉⲓ ⲙ̄\nⲡϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ • ⲁϥⲛⲁⲩ ⲉ ⲡⲉⲭ︦ⲥ︦ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲛⲉϥⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ • ⲉⲣⲉ\nⲙⲓⲭⲁⲏⲗ ⲥⲟⲗⲥⲗ̄ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ • ⲉⲣⲉ ⲡⲉⲭ︦ⲥ︦ ⲉⲣⲏⲧ ⲛⲁϥ • ⲛ̄ ϩⲁϩ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁ ⲛ̄ ϣⲱⲡⲉ ϩⲛ̄ ⲙ̄ⲡⲏⲩⲉ • Ⲛ︦ ⲧⲉⲣⲉ ⲡⲉⲭ︦ⲥ︦\nⲛⲁⲩ ⲉ ⲡⲉϩⲓⲥⲉ • ⲙ̄ ⲡⲡⲉⲧ ⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ • ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ • ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ\nⲇⲉ ⲛⲁϥ • ϫⲉ ⲕⲟⲩⲱϣ ⲉ ⲧⲣⲁ ϯ ⲙ̄ⲧⲟⲛ ⲛⲁⲕ • ϩⲛ̄\nⲛⲉⲕϩⲓⲥⲉ • ϫⲉ ⲕⲟⲩⲱϣ ⲉ ⲧⲣⲁ ⲃⲱⲗ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲓⲃⲧ\nⲉⲧ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲕⲥⲱⲙⲁ • ⲛ̄ⲑⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲙⲟⲟⲩ • Ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲡⲉⲧ\nⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ ⲛⲁϥ • ϫⲉ ϯⲟⲩⲱϣ ⲉ ⲧⲣⲉ ⲕϯ ⲙ̄ⲧⲟⲛ ⲛⲁⲓ • ϫⲉ\nⲁⲓϩⲓⲥⲉ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲩⲛⲟⲩ • ⲁϥϯ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϥⲡⲛ︦ⲁ︦ • ⲉⲛϭⲓϫ\nⲙ̄ ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ •","english":"After he had said this, he called to the guards who were around him, saying, \"Call my soldiers, that they may cease their disturbance.\" And my time had brought forth nothing accomplished, for my hour had come to an end. And immediately he brought his hands together, clasping them, and he struck them against his body. He said to them, \"Bind me outside; I have already been bound in spirit.\" At that moment he mounted the scaffold alone, worshipped God, and spoke with the guards: \"Come with your bows and your arrows, and complete what was commanded to you.\" But the merciless ones there fixed ten arrows in his right hand and ten in his left, and they fixed the rest throughout his entire body, so that his blood mingled with the water of the scaffold, and it poured out upon the ground. And the holy Theodore, alone, lifted his eyes up to the sky, as he was about to call upon the Lord. He saw Christ with his angels, with Michael comforting him, and Christ promising him many places in the heavens. When Christ saw the suffering of the holy Theodore, he said to him, \"Do you wish me to give you rest from your sufferings? Do you wish me to loosen the arrows that are in your body like water?\" The holy one said to him, \"I wish you to give me rest, for I have suffered.\" And immediately he gave his spirit into the hands of God.","structure":"dialogue","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲟⲩⲱϣⲧ","severity":"info","text":"The verb ⲟⲩⲱϣⲧ denotes prostration in worship, distinct from ⲟⲩⲱϣ 'to wish'. Here Theodore worships God before addressing the guards, a gesture typical in martyrdom scenes.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲥⲱⲙⲁ","severity":"info","text":"ⲥⲱⲙⲁ refers to the body as the site of suffering; here it is the corpse-like body pierced by arrows, consistent with martyrdom accounts.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"ⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ (Greek ἄγγελος) here means 'angel', as Michael is named among them, not a human messenger.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲕⲟⲩⲱϣ ⲉ ⲧⲣⲁ ϯ ⲙ̄ⲧⲟⲛ ⲛⲁⲕ","severity":"info","text":"Christ's offer to release Theodore from suffering echoes the Passion narrative, where Christ offers rest to martyrs, a common topos in Coptic encomia.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage is a dialogue between Theodore and Christ, framed by Theodore's prayer and his death. The shift from narrative to direct speech marks a climactic moment.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁϥϯ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϥⲡⲛ︦ⲁ︦","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase 'he gave his spirit' (ⲡⲉϥⲡⲛⲁ) is ambiguous: it may mean he died, or that he surrendered his soul to God. The Coptic ⲡⲛⲁ can mean 'spirit' or 'breath'.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase ⲁϥϯ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϥⲡⲛⲁ ⲉⲛϭⲓϫ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ is ambiguous: it could mean he died (gave up his spirit) or that he entrusted his soul to God. The context of martyrdom favors the former.","The Coptic ⲡⲉϣⲟⲩⲉ is translated as 'scaffold' but may also mean 'platform' or 'stage'; the exact structure is unclear."],"confidence":"high","notes":[{"kind":"structure","severity":"info","label":"dialogue","text":"Classified as dialogue from the Coptic cues."},{"kind":"lacuna","severity":"caution","text":"The source is fragmentary here: the edition marks a break or an editorial bracket, and the English carries across it. Treat the bridge as supplied, not translated."}]},{"i":84,"ref":"p84","source":"ⲛ̄ ⲥⲟⲩ ⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲥⲛⲟⲟⲩⲥ | ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲃⲟⲧ ⲧⲱⲃⲉ ϩⲛ̄\nⲟⲩⲉⲓⲣⲏⲛⲏ ϩⲁⲙⲏⲛ • Ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁⲩⲛⲟϭ ⲛ̄ ϣⲧⲟⲣⲧⲣ̄ • ϣⲱⲡⲉ\nϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲡⲟⲗⲓⲥ ⲧⲏⲣⲥ̄ • ⲉ ⲧⲃⲉ ⲡⲁⲛⲁⲧⲟⲗⲁⲓⲟⲥ • ⲉϥⲁϣⲉ ⲉ\nⲡⲉϣⲟⲩⲉ • ϩⲟⲓⲛⲉ ϫⲉ ⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩ ⲡⲙⲟⲩ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ⲙⲛ̄\nⲧⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲱ ⲡⲁⲣⲁ ⲡⲉⲛⲧ ⲁϥϣⲱⲡⲉ • Ⲁⲩⲱ ⲡϩⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲁⲡⲁ\nⲕⲗⲁⲩⲇⲓⲟⲥ • ⲉⲣ ⲟⲩⲛⲟϭ ⲛ̄ ⲣⲓⲙⲉ • ⲉ ⲣⲟϥ ⲉϥⲁϣⲉ ⲉ ⲡⲉϣⲟⲩⲉ • Ⲙⲛ︦ⲛ︦ⲥⲁ ⲛⲁⲓ ⲁ ⲡϩⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲃⲓⲕⲧⲱⲣ • ⲡⲁⲣⲁⲕⲁⲗⲉⲓ\nⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϥⲉⲓⲱⲧ • ⲉ ⲧⲣⲉϥϫⲟⲟⲥ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲣ︤ⲣ︥ⲟ • ⲉ ⲧⲃⲉ ⲡⲥⲱⲙⲁ ⲛ̄","english":"On the eleventh day of the month of Tobe, in peace, amen. And a great disturbance took place in the entire city because of the blessed one, as he hastened to his end. Some said, \"Better is the death of the king and the queen than what has happened.\" And the holy Apa Claudius wept greatly, hastening to his end. After these things, the holy Victor entreated his father to speak to the king concerning the body of","structure":"doxology","commentary":[{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲛ̄ ⲥⲟⲩ ⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲥⲛⲟⲟⲩⲥ | ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲃⲟⲧ ⲧⲱⲃⲉ","severity":"info","text":"The passage opens with a date formula, 'on the eleventh day of the month of Tobe', which is typical of a colophon or doxology, not a narrative continuation. This marks the structural shift to a closing doxology.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲟⲩⲉⲓⲣⲏⲛⲏ","severity":"info","text":"ⲟⲩⲉⲓⲣⲏⲛⲏ (Greek εἰρήνη) is rendered 'peace' per the glossary. In a colophon, the phrase ϩⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲉⲓⲣⲏⲛⲏ is a liturgical formula, not a comment on civil order.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲙⲏⲛ","severity":"info","text":"ⲁⲙⲏⲛ (amen) is a transliterated Hebrew liturgical term, left untranslated. Its presence here reinforces the doxological character of the passage.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲡⲁ","severity":"info","text":"ⲁⲡⲁ (Apa) is a title for a monastic father, left as 'Apa' to avoid confusion with biological father. Here it precedes the name Claudius, identifying him as a holy figure.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲥⲱⲙⲁ","severity":"info","text":"ⲥⲱⲙⲁ (body) in a martyrdom context refers to the corpse. The text breaks off with Victor entreating his father about the body, likely seeking burial rights.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic text breaks off mid-sentence after ⲥⲱⲙⲁ ⲛ̄, leaving the object incomplete. The English draft supplies 'of' but the full phrase is lost. This may be a manuscript lacuna or a deliberate cut at the end of the homily.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The date 'eleventh day of Tobe' may be a scribal addition or part of the original doxology; its relation to the narrative is unclear.","The identity of 'the holy Victor' is ambiguous—possibly Victor of Antioch or another saint; the text does not specify.","The phrase 'better is the death of the king and the queen' is ambiguous: it may be a popular saying or a direct quote from the crowd."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[{"kind":"structure","severity":"info","label":"doxology","text":"Classified as doxology from the Coptic cues."}]},{"i":85,"ref":"p85","source":"ⲁⲡⲁ ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ • Ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲩⲛⲟⲩ ⲁ ϩⲣⲱⲙⲁⲛⲟⲥ •\nⲁⲓⲧⲉⲓ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ⲁϥⲭⲁⲣⲓⲍⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϥ|ⲥⲱⲙⲁ ⲛⲁϥ • Ⲁⲩⲱ\nⲁϥⲉⲓ ⲛ̄ϭⲓ ⲁⲡⲁ ⲃⲓⲕⲧⲱⲣ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲧⲥⲱⲛⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲁⲡⲁ ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ •\nⲙⲛ̄ ⲁⲡⲁ ⲕⲗⲁⲩⲇⲓⲟⲥ • ⲁⲩⲉⲓⲛⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϥⲥⲱⲙⲁ • ⲉ ⲡⲉⲥⲏⲧ\nϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϣⲟⲩⲉ • ⲁⲩⲕⲁⲁϥ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲧⲁⲫⲟⲥ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉϥⲉⲓⲟⲧⲉ •\nⲈⲛⲉϥⲉⲓⲣⲉ ⲛ̄ ϩⲛ̄ⲛⲟϭ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲗϭⲟ • ϩⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲧ ϣⲱⲛⲉ • ϫⲉ\nⲛⲉⲣⲉ ⲧⲉⲭⲁⲣⲓⲥ ⲛ̄ ⲓ︦ⲥ︦ ⲛⲙ̄ⲙⲁϥ • ϫⲉ ⲁϥϫⲓ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲕⲗⲟⲙ\nⲙ̄ ⲡⲱⲛⲣ̄ ϩⲛ̄ ⲙ̄ⲡⲏⲩⲉ • Ⲙⲛ︦ⲛ︦[ⲥⲁ ⲡϫⲱ]ⲕ ⲇⲉ ⲉ ⲃ[ⲟⲗ] •\nⲙ̄ ⲡⲡⲉⲧ ⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ • ⲁϥϩⲱⲗ ⲉ ⲡϫⲓⲥⲉ • ⲉϥⲉⲣϣⲁ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲧ\nⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ • ϯⲡⲁⲣⲁⲕⲁⲗⲉⲓ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲕ • ⲱ̄ ⲡϩⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ\nⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ • ⲥⲟⲡⲥ̄ ⲙ̄ ⲡϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ ⲉ ϫⲱⲓ • ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲡⲉⲓ ⲉⲗⲁ‐|\nⲭⲓⲥⲧⲟⲥ ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲱⲣⲟⲥ • ⲛϥ̄ⲕⲱ ⲛⲁⲓ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ⲉ ⲧⲃⲉ ϫⲉ\nⲁⲓⲧⲟⲗⲟⲙⲁ ϩⲟⲗⲟⲥ • ⲁⲓϣⲁϫⲉ ⲉ ⲧⲃⲏⲏⲧⲕ̄ • ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ϫⲉ\nⲛ̄ⲧⲕ̄ ⲟⲩⲥⲧⲣⲁⲧⲩⲗⲁⲧⲏⲥ ϥ ϩⲓ ⲟⲩⲛⲁⲙ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲥⲧⲣⲁⲧⲩⲗⲁⲧⲏⲥ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲡⲡⲟⲗⲩⲙⲁⲣⲭⲏⲥ ⲙⲓⲭⲁⲏⲗ • ⲡⲣⲉϥⲥⲟⲡⲥ̄\nⲉϥⲥⲟⲡⲥ̄ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲡⲉⲭ︦ⲥ︦ • ⲉ ϫⲱⲛ ϩⲱⲱⲛ • ⲛϥ̄ⲕⲱ ⲛⲁⲛ\nⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲛⲛⲟⲃⲉ • Ϩⲓⲧⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲭⲁⲣⲓⲥ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲧⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲙⲁⲓ\nⲣⲱⲙⲉ • ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲛϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ ⲓ︦ⲥ︦ ⲡⲉⲭ︦ⲥ︦ • [Ⲡⲁⲓ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ] ϩⲓ ⲧⲟⲟⲧϥ̄\nⲡⲉⲟⲟⲩ▨ⲉⲓⲱⲧ ⲛⲙ̄ⲙⲁϥ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲡⲉⲡⲛ︤ⲁ︥ ⲉⲧ ⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ • ⲛ̄\nⲣⲉϥⲧⲁⲛϩⲟ • ⲁⲩⲱ [ⲛ̄ ϩⲟⲙⲟ]ⲟⲩⲥⲓⲟⲥ ϣⲁ ⲉⲛⲉϩ ⲛ̄ⲉⲛⲉϩ\nϩⲁⲙⲏⲛ •","english":"Apa Theodore. And immediately, a Roman asked the king, and he granted him his body. And Apa Victor came, with the sister of Apa Theodore, and Apa Claudius. They brought his body down to the village, and placed it in the tomb of his fathers. He performed great healings among the sick, for the grace of Jesus was with him, because he received the crown of the struggle in the heavens. After the completion of the holy one, he ascended to the height, rejoicing with all the saints. I entreat you, O holy Theodore, intercede with the Lord for me. I, this lowly Theodore, that he may forgive me, because I have altogether erred, and spoken concerning you, because you are a *stratylates* at the right hand of the *stratylates*, and the *polymarch* Michael, the intercessor, who intercedes with the King Christ for us, that he may forgive us our sins, through the grace and philanthropy of our Lord Jesus Christ. This is through the Father with him and the Holy Spirit, the life-giver, and of the same substance, forever and ever. Amen.","structure":"doxology","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲥⲱⲙⲁ","severity":"info","text":"In this martyrdom context, ⲥⲱⲙⲁ refers to the corpse of Apa Theodore, which is granted by the king and then brought for burial.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲡⲁ","severity":"info","text":"The title ⲁⲡⲁ is used for Theodore, Victor, and Claudius, indicating their status as monastic fathers or saints, distinct from biological fatherhood.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲥⲧⲣⲁⲧⲩⲗⲁⲧⲏⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Greek loanword ⲥⲧⲣⲁⲧⲩⲗⲁⲧⲏⲥ (stratylates) denotes a military commander; here it is applied to Theodore and Michael, blending earthly and celestial ranks.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage is the doxology closing the homily, marked by direct address to the saint, a plea for intercession, and a trinitarian doxology ending with 'amen'.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The reference to Theodore as a stratylates at the right hand of the archangel Michael reflects a late antique tradition of military saints as intercessors in the celestial court.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲉⲓ ⲉⲗⲁⲭⲓⲥⲧⲟⲥ","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase ⲡⲉⲓ ⲉⲗⲁⲭⲓⲥⲧⲟⲥ ('this lowly one') is a conventional self-deprecation by the homilist, but the Coptic text is partially damaged; the reading follows Budge's reconstruction.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudotheodore-encomium-theodore-antioch","label":"source edition: PseudoTheodore Encomium Theodore Antioch","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoTheodore_Encomium%20Theodore%20Antioch%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of the 'Roman' who asks the king for Theodore's body is not specified; it may be a generic official or a named figure lost in the lacuna.","The phrase 'ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϣⲟⲩⲉ' is ambiguous: it could mean 'to the village' or 'to the field'; the translation follows the sense of burial in a familial tomb."],"confidence":"high","notes":[{"kind":"structure","severity":"info","label":"doxology","text":"Classified as doxology from the Coptic cues."},{"kind":"lacuna","severity":"caution","text":"The source is fragmentary here: the edition marks a break or an editorial bracket, and the English carries across it. Treat the bridge as supplied, not translated."}]}]}