{"slug":"budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","id":"coptic:coptic-ocr:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","title":"PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","author":"Anonymous","genre":"homily","date":"","tradition":"coptic","coverage":"unknown","publication":{"status":"machine-draft","reviewed_by":null,"model":"deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash:floor","provider":"Relace","generated":"2026-11-14T04:23:17Z","cost_usd":0.024733},"source":{"registry_id":"coptic:coptic-ocr:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","work_id":"budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","edition":"coptic-ocr","license":"GNU GPL-3.0","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"},"stats":{"passages":31,"english_words":5173,"coptic_letters":15823,"commentary_units":180,"commentary_kinds":7,"derived_notes":70,"ambiguities":64,"work_notes":5,"external_links":3,"timeline":4},"summary":{"work":"budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","abstract":"The Pseudo-Acacius Encomium on Saint Mercurius is a Coptic homily pseudepigraphically attributed to Acacius, bishop of Caesarea (4th century), but likely composed between the 6th and 8th centuries. It survives only in Coptic manuscript tradition, with no known Greek original. The text is a liturgical sermon praising the martyr Mercurius, employing an elevated, rhetorical register typical of encomiastic homilies. It includes direct addresses to the saint and exhortations to the congregation. The edition used is from E. A. Wallis Budge's Miscellaneous Coptic Texts (1915). The Coptic text may contain lacunae and scribal errors, and the attribution to Acacius reflects later hagiographic tradition rather than historical fact.","historical_context":"The encomium was likely composed in Coptic in Egypt between the 6th and 8th centuries, a period when the cult of Saint Mercurius flourished in Coptic Christianity. Mercurius, a Roman soldier martyred under Decius (c. 250), was venerated as a military saint, and his legend expanded in Coptic tradition, including the story of an angel giving him a sword to defeat barbarians. The homily is attributed pseudepigraphically to Acacius, a 4th-century bishop of Caesarea, to lend authority. It survives only in Coptic manuscripts, indicating composition within a Coptic-speaking monastic or liturgical community. The text references David, Christ, and the Areopagus (echoing Paul's speech in Athens), showing familiarity with biblical and apocryphal traditions. The encomium was likely used in liturgical celebrations on Mercurius' feast day (24 Athor).","significance":"This encomium is significant as a witness to the development of the Mercurius cult in Coptic Christianity and the use of pseudepigraphy to enhance liturgical authority. It reflects the blending of biblical, hagiographic, and local Egyptian traditions. The text also illustrates the rhetorical style of Coptic encomiastic homilies and their role in communal worship. Its survival only in Coptic underscores the importance of Coptic literature for understanding late antique and early medieval Christian piety in Egypt.","timeline":[{"date":"c. 250","event":"Martyrdom of Saint Mercurius under Emperor Decius."},{"date":"4th c.","event":"Acacius, bishop of Caesarea, active; later attributed as author of the encomium."},{"date":"6th–8th c.","event":"Probable composition of the Pseudo-Acacius Encomium in Coptic."},{"date":"1915","event":"First edition and English translation by E. A. Wallis Budge in Miscellaneous Coptic Texts."}],"relations":[{"work":"Miscellaneous Coptic Texts","relation":"Contains the first edition and translation of this encomium.","key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"},{"work":"Saint Mercurius","relation":"Subject of the encomium; his legend is elaborated in the text.","key":"wikipedia:Saint Mercurius","label":"Wikipedia: Saint Mercurius","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Mercurius"},{"work":"Acacius of Caesarea","relation":"Pseudepigraphical author; historical bishop of Caesarea in the 4th century.","key":"wikipedia:Acacius of Caesarea","label":"Wikipedia: Acacius of Caesarea","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acacius_of_Caesarea"},{"work":"Coptic literature","relation":"Part of the Coptic hagiographic and homiletic tradition.","key":"","label":null,"url":null}],"external_links":[{"key":"wikipedia:Saint Mercurius","label":"Saint Mercurius","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Mercurius","reason":"Provides background on the saint's cult and legend."},{"key":"wikipedia:Acacius of Caesarea","label":"Acacius of Caesarea","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acacius_of_Caesarea","reason":"Historical figure to whom the encomium is attributed."},{"key":"wikipedia:Coptic literature","label":"Coptic literature","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coptic_literature","reason":"Context for the text's language and transmission."}],"cautions":["The date of composition is uncertain; the 6th–8th century range is a scholarly estimate based on manuscript evidence and hagiographic development.","The attribution to Acacius is pseudepigraphical and not historical.","The Coptic text may contain lacunae and scribal errors; no Greek original is known.","The encomium survives only in Coptic manuscript tradition, limiting external verification."],"model":"deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash:floor","provider":"Relace","cost_usd":0.000482,"generated":"2026-11-14T03:31:20Z"},"checks":{"work":"budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","status":"pass","blocking":[],"warnings":[],"stats":{"passages":31,"translated":31,"commentary_passages":31,"commentary_units":180,"english_words":5173,"coptic_letters":15823,"commentary_kinds":7},"model":"deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash:floor"},"work_notes":[{"unit":"transmission","kind":"transmission","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The sole surviving witness is a Coptic manuscript, likely a Bohairic copy of a Sahidic original. The text is attributed to Acacius of Caesarea, but this is a pseudepigraphon typical of the encomium genre.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":["Budge 1915"],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"dating","kind":"chronology","basis":"background","lemma":"","severity":"caution","text":"The encomium cannot be earlier than the cult of St. Mercurius, which flourished after the 4th century. The pseudonymous attribution to Acacius (d. 366) is anachronistic; the work likely dates to the 6th–8th centuries.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":["Budge 1915"],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"external","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This encomium was used in Coptic liturgical contexts for the feast of St. Mercurius (24 Hathor in the Coptic calendar). It survives only in a manuscript copied for devotional reading, not for scholarly preservation.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":["Budge 1915"],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"sense","kind":"sense","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic text is fragmentary in places, with lacunae and uncertain readings. Budge's edition is the only published version, but it relies on a single late manuscript and may contain transcription errors.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":["Budge 1915"],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"background","lemma":"","severity":"caution","text":"The attribution to Acacius of Caesarea is universally rejected by scholars. The work is an anonymous Coptic composition, not a translation from Greek, and should not be used as evidence for 4th-century Palestinian Christianity.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":["Budge 1915"],"dropped_cites":[]}],"derived_work_notes":[{"kind":"limit","severity":"caution","text":"The English is a machine draft produced passage by passage from the transcribed Coptic; no human has verified it. The commentary is model-written and cites only keys the pipeline could resolve."},{"kind":"register","severity":"info","text":"Register: homily in Sahidic Coptic; the English keeps the liturgical formulae and the vocatives rather than normalising them."},{"kind":"structure","severity":"info","text":"Passages: 20 narrative, 10 dialogue, 1 doxology."},{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","text":"25 glossary term(s) recorded at first occurrence from a curated list of 53; the term index below gives the rendering and the count."},{"kind":"caution","severity":"caution","text":"20 passage(s) are fragmentary in the source; the English bridges each break and says so in the note."},{"kind":"source","severity":"info","text":"Source edition: coptic-ocr — GNU GPL-3.0"}],"derived_structure":{"narrative":20,"dialogue":10,"doxology":1},"term_index":[{"coptic":"ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ","english":"God","count":28,"first_passage":1,"note":"Sahidic ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ is the ordinary word for 'god'. With the definite article (ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ) in Christian texts it names God; without it, a god or the divine."},{"coptic":"ϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ","english":"Lord","count":19,"first_passage":2,"note":"Renders Yahweh in the Sahidic Bible and names Christ in homilies; 'master' is the everyday social sense and the right one in a parable about slaves."},{"coptic":"ⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ","english":"holy","count":16,"first_passage":1,"note":"Adjectivally 'holy'; with the article as a noun it names a saint, and in the plural the saints as a body."},{"coptic":"ⲧⲡⲉ","english":"heaven","count":9,"first_passage":2,"note":"The abode of God in these texts; 'sky' only in strictly cosmological passages, which are rare here."},{"coptic":"ⲥⲱⲙⲁ","english":"body","count":8,"first_passage":4,"note":"In martyrdom accounts ⲥⲱⲙⲁ after death is the corpse; in ascetic literature it is the body as the site of struggle."},{"coptic":"ⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ","english":"angel","count":6,"first_passage":2,"note":"Greek ἄγγελος; 'messenger' only where a human envoy is meant (rare in this corpus)."},{"coptic":"ⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩⲣⲟⲥ","english":"martyr","count":5,"first_passage":28,"note":"Greek μάρτυς. 'Witness' is the older forensic sense and survives in the paschal and apologetic register; the hagiographical sense is 'martyr'."},{"coptic":"ⲁⲙⲏⲛ","english":"amen","count":3,"first_passage":1,"note":"Transliterated Hebrew, left untranslated in the liturgy and in the doxologies that close a homily."},{"coptic":"ⲥⲙⲟⲩ","english":"bless","count":3,"first_passage":1,"note":"The Coptic verb covers both 'bless' and 'praise'; the object decides — God is praised, a person is blessed."},{"coptic":"ⲇⲓⲁⲃⲟⲗⲟⲥ","english":"devil","count":3,"first_passage":13,"note":"Greek διάβολος; the personified adversary in hagiography. 'Slanderer' is the etymological sense and is not used in this corpus."},{"coptic":"ⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ","english":"bishop","count":2,"first_passage":1,"note":""},{"coptic":"ⲗⲁⲟⲥ","english":"people","count":2,"first_passage":3,"note":"Greek λαός. In liturgical description it is the congregation as distinct from the clergy, i.e. the laity."},{"coptic":"ⲉⲑⲛⲟⲥ","english":"nation","count":2,"first_passage":6,"note":"Greek ἔθνος. In the plural, the Gentiles as a category over against Israel; in the singular, a nation like any other."},{"coptic":"ⲁⲣⲭⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ","english":"archangel","count":2,"first_passage":10,"note":"Michael, Gabriel, Raphael, Suriel; the rank is fixed in Coptic liturgical usage."},{"coptic":"ⲡⲁⲣⲑⲉⲛⲟⲥ","english":"virgin","count":2,"first_passage":10,"note":"Greek παρθένος. In Marian texts the technical sense is fixed; the non-technical 'young woman' belongs to Greek, not to the Coptic usage."},{"coptic":"ⲡⲓⲥⲧⲓⲥ","english":"faith","count":2,"first_passage":10,"note":"Greek πίστις; 'faithfulness' where the sense is reliability rather than assent."},{"coptic":"ⲁⲅⲁⲡⲏ","english":"love","count":2,"first_passage":21,"note":"Greek ἀγάπη. The liturgical meal sense ('agape') is technical and should not be flattened to 'love'."},{"coptic":"ⲯⲩⲭⲏ","english":"soul","count":2,"first_passage":28,"note":"Greek ψυχή; 'life' where the sense is the living person rather than the soul that survives death."},{"coptic":"ⲁⲡⲁ","english":"Apa","count":1,"first_passage":1,"note":"A title of a monastic father. Left as 'Apa' because it is a form of address, and 'father' would collide with the biological sense in the same sentence."},{"coptic":"ⲡⲣⲉⲥⲃⲩⲧⲉⲣⲟⲥ","english":"presbyter","count":1,"first_passage":2,"note":"Greek πρεσβύτερος. 'Presbyter' where the clerical order is at issue; 'elder' where the sense is seniority."},{"coptic":"ⲙⲟⲛⲁⲭⲟⲥ","english":"monk","count":1,"first_passage":2,"note":""},{"coptic":"ϣⲗⲏⲗ","english":"pray","count":1,"first_passage":15,"note":""},{"coptic":"ⲁⲡⲟⲥⲧⲟⲗⲟⲥ","english":"apostle","count":1,"first_passage":21,"note":""},{"coptic":"ⲙⲁⲣⲓⲁ","english":"Mary","count":1,"first_passage":22,"note":"The Theotokos in homilies and Marian apocrypha; the sister of Martha in other contexts."},{"coptic":"ϩⲙⲟⲧ","english":"grace","count":1,"first_passage":22,"note":"The unearned favour of God; 'favour' where a human patron is meant."}],"citations":{"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius":{"label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}},"segments":[{"i":1,"ref":"p1","source":"ⲞⲨⲈ[ⲚⲔ]ⲰⲘⲒⲞⲚ Ⲉ ⲀϤⲦⲀⲨⲞϤ • Ⲛ̄ϬⲒ ⲠϨⲀⲄⲒⲞⲤ ⲀⲠⲀ ⲀⲔⲀⲔⲒⲞⲤ • ⲠⲈⲠⲒⲤⲔⲞⲠⲞⲤ Ⲛ̄\nⲦⲔⲀⲒⲤⲀⲢⲒⲀ • ϨⲘ̄ ⲠⲘⲀⲢⲦⲎⲢⲒⲞⲚ • Ⲛ̄ ⲦⲀⲨⲔⲞⲦϤ̄ Ⲉ ⲠⲢⲀⲚ Ⲙ̄ ⲠϨⲀⲄⲒⲞⲤ ⲘⲈⲢⲔⲞⲨⲢⲒⲞⲤ • ϨⲘ̄ ⲠⲈϨⲞⲞⲨ Ⲙ̄ ⲠϤ︦Ⲣ︦ ⲠⲘⲈⲈⲨⲈ ⲈⲦ\nⲞⲨⲀⲀⲂ • ⲈⲦⲈ ⲤⲞⲨ ϪⲞⲨⲦⲈ ⲠⲈ Ⲙ̄ ⲠⲈⲂⲞⲦ\nⲀⲐⲰⲢ • Ⲉ ⲀϤⲈⲄⲰⲘⲒⲀⲍⲈ Ⲛ̄ϨⲀϨ Ⲛ̄ϬⲞⲘ •\nϨⲒ ϢⲠⲎⲢⲈ • ⲀⲨϢⲰⲠⲈ Ⲉ ⲂⲞⲖ ϨⲒ ⲦⲞⲞⲦϤ̄\nⲘ̄ ⲠⲘⲀⲢⲦⲎⲢⲞⲤ ⲈⲦ ⲞⲨⲀⲀⲂ • ⲠϨⲀⲄⲒⲞⲤ\nⲘⲈⲢⲔⲞⲨⲢⲒⲞⲤ ϨⲚ ⲞⲨⲈⲢⲎⲚⲎ Ⲛ̄ⲦⲈ ⲠⲚⲞⲨⲦⲈ • ⲈⲢⲈ ⲚⲈϤⲤⲘⲞⲨ ⲈⲦ ⲞⲨⲀⲀⲂ ⲈⲨⲈϢⲰⲠⲈ ⲚⲘ̄ⲘⲀⲚ ⲦⲎⲢⲚ̄ ϨⲒ ⲞⲨⲤⲞⲠ • ϨⲀⲘⲎⲚ •\nⲀⲗⲏⲑⲱⲥ ⲁ ⲡⲟⲩⲟⲉⲓⲛ ϣⲁ ⲛ̄ ⲉⲛⲇⲓⲕⲁⲓⲟⲥ • ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲓ\nϩⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲙⲉⲣⲕⲟⲩⲣⲓⲟⲥ • ⲕⲁⲧ[ⲁ] ▨▨▨▨ ⲁ[ϥϫⲱ\nⲡⲉϩⲓⲉⲣⲟⲩⲯⲁⲗⲧⲏⲥ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲡⲉⲓⲱⲧ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲭ̄ⲥ • ⲕⲁⲧⲁ\nⲥⲁⲣⲝ̄ • ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲛ̄ ⲇⲓⲕⲁⲓⲟⲥ • ⲡϩⲩⲙⲛⲟⲇⲟⲥ ⲇⲁⲩⲉⲓⲇ •\nⲉϥⲱϣ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ⲉ[ϥ]|ⲱϣ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲉϥⲥⲙⲏ ⲉⲧ ⲛⲟⲧⲙ̄ •\nⲉϥϫⲱ ϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲉϥⲕⲓⲑⲁⲣⲁ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲗⲁⲕⲧⲣⲟⲛ • [ⲉ]ⲧ ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲟⲧϥ̄ •\nⲉϥϫⲱ ⲙⲙⲟⲥ • ϫⲉ ⲁ ⲡⲟⲩⲟⲉⲓⲛ ϣⲁ ⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲇⲓⲕⲁⲓⲟⲥ • ⲁⲩⲱ\nⲟⲛ • ϫⲉ ⲁ ⲡⲟⲩⲟⲉⲓⲛ ϣⲁ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲕⲁⲕⲉ • ⲉⲛ ⲛⲉⲧ ⲥⲟⲩⲧⲱⲛ\nϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲩϩⲏⲧ • ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲉⲭ̄ⲥ ϩⲱϥ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲩⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲓⲟⲛ •\nϫⲉ ⲧⲟⲧⲉ ⲛ̄ⲇⲓⲕⲁⲓⲟⲥ ⲛⲁⲣ̄ ⲟⲩⲟⲉⲓⲛ • ⲛ̄ⲑⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲣⲏ ϩⲛ̄\nⲧⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲉⲣⲟ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲩ[ⲉ]ⲓⲱⲧ • ⲁ ⲡϩⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ [ⲙ]ⲉⲣⲕⲟⲩⲣⲓⲟⲥ","english":"An Encomium, which was composed by the holy Apa Acacius, the bishop of Caesarea, in the Martyrium, which we have composed in the name of the holy Mercurius, on the day of the twenty-fourth of the holy month, which is the twenty-fourth of the month of Athor. He delivered many discourses in the church, and they were accomplished through the hands of the holy martyr Mercurius, by the grace of God. May his holy blessings be with us all together. Amen.\n\nTruly, the light has shone upon the righteous, upon this holy Mercurius, according to... the holy psalmist spoke, and the father of Christ according to the flesh, the righteous king, the hymnographer David, reading aloud, reading aloud in his sweet voice, speaking with his cithara on the psaltery in his hands, saying: \"The light has shone upon the righteous.\" And also: \"The light has shone in the darkness upon those whose hearts are upright.\" Christ himself said in his Gospel: \"Then the righteous will shine like the sun in the kingdom of their father.\" The holy Mercurius...","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The term ⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ (holy) appears twice: once as an adjective modifying Ⲁⲡⲁ Ⲁⲕⲁⲕⲓⲟⲥ and once as part of the title ⲡϩⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲙⲉⲣⲕⲟⲩⲣⲓⲟⲥ (the holy Mercurius). In the latter, it functions as a noun, designating the saint.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲡⲁ","severity":"info","text":"The title ⲁⲡⲁ (Apa) is used for the monastic father Acacius, distinguishing him from a biological father. It is left untranslated in the English draft.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲟⲩⲟⲉⲓⲛ ϣⲁ ⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲇⲓⲕⲁⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'the light has shone upon the righteous' echoes Psalm 97:11 (LXX 96:11) and is attributed to David, the 'hymnographer'. The homily also cites Christ's Gospel saying, 'Then the righteous will shine like the sun in the kingdom of their father', which is not a direct canonical verse but a paraphrase of Matthew 13:43 or a similar tradition.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲙⲁⲣⲧⲏⲣⲓⲟⲛ","severity":"info","text":"The encomium is set in a martyrium (ⲡⲙⲁⲣⲧⲏⲣⲓⲟⲛ), a church or shrine dedicated to a martyr, here associated with Mercurius. This reflects the late antique practice of delivering panegyrics at martyr shrines on feast days.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁⲗⲏⲑⲱⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The transition from the opening doxology to the main body is marked by ⲁⲗⲏⲑⲱⲥ ('truly'), a common rhetorical device in Coptic homilies to signal the beginning of the exposition.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲕⲁⲧ[ⲁ] ▨▨▨▨","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic text has a lacuna after ⲕⲁⲧ[ⲁ] (according to), with four illegible characters. The English draft omits this, obscuring the source of the following citation. The missing word may be a name or a title.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The lacuna after ⲕⲁⲧ[ⲁ] leaves the source of the psalm citation uncertain; the text may have originally named a specific psalm or author.","The phrase 'the father of Christ according to the flesh' refers to David as an ancestor, but the exact genealogical claim is ambiguous."],"confidence":"high","notes":[{"kind":"lacuna","severity":"caution","text":"The source is fragmentary here: the edition marks a break or an editorial bracket, and the English carries across it. Treat the bridge as supplied, not translated."},{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ","text":"ⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ → “bishop”. Standard rendering; first occurrence is noted here, the term recurs below."},{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ","text":"ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ → “God”. Sahidic ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ is the ordinary word for 'god'. With the definite article (ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ) in Christian texts it names God; without it, a god or the divine."},{"kind":"homonym","severity":"caution","term":"ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ","text":"ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ carries more than one sense (god, deity); this passage takes it as “God”. The choice is the translator's, not a lexical given."},{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ","text":"ⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ → “holy”. Adjectivally 'holy'; with the article as a noun it names a saint, and in the plural the saints as a body."},{"kind":"homonym","severity":"caution","term":"ⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ","text":"ⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ carries more than one sense (saint); this passage takes it as “holy”. The choice is the translator's, not a lexical given."},{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲁⲙⲏⲛ","text":"ⲁⲙⲏⲛ → “amen”. Transliterated Hebrew, left untranslated in the liturgy and in the doxologies that close a homily."},{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲥⲙⲟⲩ","text":"ⲥⲙⲟⲩ → “bless”. The Coptic verb covers both 'bless' and 'praise'; the object decides — God is praised, a person is blessed."},{"kind":"homonym","severity":"caution","term":"ⲥⲙⲟⲩ","text":"ⲥⲙⲟⲩ carries more than one sense (praise); this passage takes it as “bless”. The choice is the translator's, not a lexical given."},{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲁⲡⲁ","text":"ⲁⲡⲁ → “Apa”. A title of a monastic father. Left as 'Apa' because it is a form of address, and 'father' would collide with the biological sense in the same sentence."}]},{"i":2,"ref":"p2","source":"▨▨▨ⲕⲛⲁⲩ ⲉ▨▨▨ⲛ̄ ⲁⲡⲉⲣⲁⲛⲧⲟⲛ ϫⲉ ⲛⲉⲕⲱ : ⲛ̄ϩⲗ̄ⲗⲏⲛ ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧ ⲉⲕⲥⲟⲩⲛ ⲡⲉⲭ︦ⲥ︦ ⲕⲁⲗⲟⲥ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣⲉ\nϥϩⲟⲕϥ̄ • ⲛⲉϥⲃⲱⲕ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ⲉ ⲡⲡⲟⲗⲩⲙⲟⲥ ⲛ̄ⲃⲁⲣⲃⲁⲣⲟⲥ • ⲉϥϩⲓⲑⲏ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲇⲓⲕⲁ[ⲓ]ⲟⲥ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲛ̄ ⲁⲛⲟⲙⲟⲥ ϩⲱⲥ ⲡⲟⲗⲩⲙⲁⲣⲭⲏⲥ • ⲉϥⲁⲙⲁϩⲧⲉ ⲛⲉⲛⲥⲟⲧⲉ ⲛⲕ̄ⲗⲟ ⲉϥⲛⲁϣⲱϭⲉ\nⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲃⲁⲣⲃⲁⲣⲟⲥ ⲛ̄ϩⲏⲧⲟⲩ • ⲡⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ ⲇⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ • ⲁϥⲉⲓ ⲉ ⲡⲉⲥⲏⲧ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲡⲉ • ⲁϥⲧⲁⲁⲧ (sic) ⲉⲛ ⲧⲥⲏϥⲉ\nⲛⲁϥ • ϫⲉ ⲟϫⲛⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲃⲁⲣⲃⲁⲣⲟⲥ▨▨▨\n▨▨▨ⲧⲁ (?)\n▨▨▨|ⲧ ⲉϣϣⲉ ⲡⲉ ⲉ ⲧⲣⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲟⲛϩ̄ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲛⲟϭ\nⲛ̄ ⲇⲓⲁⲑⲉⲥⲓⲥ ⲉ ϩⲟⲩⲛ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲟⲩ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲛ̄ϯ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲧⲁⲓⲟ ⲛⲁⲩ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲉⲟⲟⲩ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲡⲉⲩⲙⲡϣⲁ • ϩⲛ̄ ϩⲉⲛⲥⲡⲟⲇⲏ ⲙⲛ̄\nϩⲉⲛⲑⲩⲥⲓⲁ • ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲧ ⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϥ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩⲁⲁⲩ ⲛⲁⲛ\nⲛ̄ϣⲟⲣⲡ̄ • ⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲉϩⲥⲁϩⲛⲉ ⲉ ⲧⲣⲉⲩⲟⲩⲱⲛ ⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲣⲟ ⲛ̄\nⲛ̄ⲣⲡⲏⲩⲉ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ • ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲡⲟⲗⲓⲥ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ϯⲙⲉ • ϫⲓ ϯϩⲣⲱⲙⲁⲛⲓⲁ ϣⲁ ⲣⲏⲥ ⲉ ⲡⲓⲗⲁⲕ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲛⲓϭⲟⲟϣ • ⲉ ⲛⲥⲉⲧⲁⲗⲉ ⲗⲓⲃⲁⲛⲟⲥ ⲉ ϩⲣⲁⲓ ⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲉⲧⲁⲓⲏⲩ • ⲛⲥⲉⲉⲓⲣⲉ ⲛⲉⲩϣⲙ̄ϣⲉ ϩⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲛⲟϭ ⲛ̄ ⲥⲡⲟⲩⲇⲏ • ⲉ ⲧⲙ̄ ⲧⲣⲉ\nⲗⲁⲁⲩ ⲛ̄ⲭⲣⲓⲥⲧⲓⲁⲛⲟⲥ • ⲁⲩⲱⲛϩ̄ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲛ̄ ⲗⲁⲁⲩ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛ̄ⲧⲉ ⲛ̄ⲁⲣⲭⲱⲛ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲡⲁⲣⲭⲓⲁ • ⲇⲓⲱⲕⲉⲓ ⲛ̄ⲥⲁ ⲛⲉⲓ\nⲭⲣⲓⲥϯⲁⲛⲟⲥ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲙⲁ • ⲉⲓⲧⲉ ⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ • ⲉⲓⲧⲉ ⲡⲣⲉⲥⲃⲩⲧⲉⲣⲟⲥ • ⲉⲓⲧⲉ ⲁⲛⲁⲅⲛⲱⲥⲧⲏⲥ • ⲉⲓⲧⲉ ⲙⲟⲛⲁⲭⲟⲥ • ⲉⲓⲧⲉ\nⲕⲟⲥⲙⲓⲕⲟⲛ • ⲉⲓⲧⲉ ϩⲟⲟⲩⲧ • ⲉⲓⲧⲉ ⲥϩⲓⲙⲉ • ⲉⲓⲧⲉ ⲙⲁⲧⲟⲓ • ⲉⲓⲧⲉ ⲡⲁⲅⲁⲛⲟⲥ • ⲉⲓⲧⲉ ⲧⲁⲝⲓⲱⲧⲏⲥ • ϩⲁⲡⲗⲟⲥ ⲅⲉⲛⲟⲥ ⲛⲓⲙ\nⲛ̄ⲣⲱⲙⲉ • ⲉ ⲧ[ⲃⲉ] | ⲡⲁⲙⲁϩⲧⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲉⲣⲟ • ⲉ ⲧⲣⲉⲩ\nⲑⲩⲥⲓⲁⲍⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲉⲧⲁⲓⲏⲩ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲡⲉⲧ ⲛⲁⲁⲛϯⲗⲉⲅⲉⲓ\nⲙ̄ ⲡⲁ ⲟⲩⲉϩⲥⲁϩⲛⲉ • ⲉⲩⲉⲡⲁⲣⲁⲇⲓⲇⲟⲩ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ •","english":"...you will see the... the Areopagus, saying, \"Your... the Greeks, who do not know Christ well.\" And when he had finished, his servants went out to the barbarian war. But the righteous king, the lawless one, was mindful as a commander. He seized our weapons, a sword, with which he would cut down the barbarians among them. But the angel of the Lord came down from heaven and gave him the sword, saying, \"Cut down the barbarians...\"\n\n...it is fitting that we reveal a great arrangement to them, that we give them honor and glory according to their worth, with zeal and sacrifices, according to the good things that were done for us first. We command that they open the doors of all the temples, in every city and in every village, from Romania to the south to the Illyricum and the marshes, that they may offer incense to the honored gods, and perform their worship with great zeal, so that no Christian may appear in any place. And the rulers of the province shall persecute these Christians everywhere, whether bishop, presbyter, reader, monk, or layperson, whether male or female, whether soldier or civilian, whether officer or dignitary, in short, every kind of person, because of the seizure of my kingdom, so that they may sacrifice to the honored gods. And whoever opposes my command shall be handed over.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲡⲣⲉⲥⲃⲩⲧⲉⲣⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic term ⲡⲣⲉⲥⲃⲩⲧⲉⲣⲟⲥ, from Greek πρεσβύτερος, is rendered 'presbyter' here to denote the clerical order, distinct from 'elder' which would imply seniority.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲙⲟⲛⲁⲭⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"ⲙⲟⲛⲁⲭⲟⲥ, a Greek loanword, is consistently rendered 'monk' in this corpus, referring to a member of a monastic community.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The Areopagus (ⲁⲣⲉⲓⲟⲥ ⲡⲁⲅⲟⲥ) is the ancient Athenian council, here invoked as a setting for a speech against the Greeks who do not know Christ, reflecting a common hagiographic trope of pagan intellectual opposition.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The geographical sweep from Romania to Illyricum and the marshes (ϯϩⲣⲱⲙⲁⲛⲓⲁ ϣⲁ ⲣⲏⲥ ⲉ ⲡⲓⲗⲁⲕ ⲙⲛ ⲛⲓϭⲟⲟϣ) evokes the late Roman provinces, situating the persecution decree in a broad imperial context.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage shifts from a narrative of Mercurius receiving a sword from an angel to a direct command (ⲧⲛⲟⲩⲉϩⲥⲁϩⲛⲉ) ordering persecution, marking a transition from divine intervention to human decree.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic text is lacunose at the start (▨▨▨ⲕⲛⲁⲩ ⲉ▨▨▨ⲛ̄) and the phrase ⲁϥⲧⲁⲁⲧ (sic) shows a scribal error for ⲁϥⲧⲁⲁϥ 'he gave it'; the reading is conjectural.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of the 'righteous king, the lawless one' is ambiguous; it may refer to a pagan emperor (e.g., Julian) or a generic persecutor.","The phrase 'our weapons, a sword' (ⲛⲉⲛⲥⲟⲧⲉ ⲛⲕⲗⲟ) is unclear: ⲕⲗⲟ may mean 'sword' or 'key'; the translation follows the context of cutting down barbarians."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[{"kind":"lacuna","severity":"caution","text":"The source is fragmentary here: the edition marks a break or an editorial bracket, and the English carries across it. Treat the bridge as supplied, not translated."},{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲡⲣⲉⲥⲃⲩⲧⲉⲣⲟⲥ","text":"ⲡⲣⲉⲥⲃⲩⲧⲉⲣⲟⲥ → “presbyter”. Greek πρεσβύτερος. 'Presbyter' where the clerical order is at issue; 'elder' where the sense is seniority."},{"kind":"homonym","severity":"caution","term":"ⲡⲣⲉⲥⲃⲩⲧⲉⲣⲟⲥ","text":"ⲡⲣⲉⲥⲃⲩⲧⲉⲣⲟⲥ carries more than one sense (priest, elder); this passage takes it as “presbyter”. The choice is the translator's, not a lexical given."},{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ","text":"ⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ → “angel”. Greek ἄγγελος; 'messenger' only where a human envoy is meant (rare in this corpus)."},{"kind":"homonym","severity":"caution","term":"ⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ","text":"ⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ carries more than one sense (messenger); this passage takes it as “angel”. The choice is the translator's, not a lexical given."},{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲙⲟⲛⲁⲭⲟⲥ","text":"ⲙⲟⲛⲁⲭⲟⲥ → “monk”. Standard rendering; first occurrence is noted here, the term recurs below."},{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ","text":"ϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ → “Lord”. Renders Yahweh in the Sahidic Bible and names Christ in homilies; 'master' is the everyday social sense and the right one in a parable about slaves."},{"kind":"homonym","severity":"caution","term":"ϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ","text":"ϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ carries more than one sense (master, owner); this passage takes it as “Lord”. The choice is the translator's, not a lexical given."},{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲧⲡⲉ","text":"ⲧⲡⲉ → “heaven”. The abode of God in these texts; 'sky' only in strictly cosmological passages, which are rare here."},{"kind":"homonym","severity":"caution","term":"ⲧⲡⲉ","text":"ⲧⲡⲉ carries more than one sense (sky); this passage takes it as “heaven”. The choice is the translator's, not a lexical given."}]},{"i":3,"ref":"p3","source":"ⲉ ϩⲉⲛⲛⲟϭ ⲛ̄ⲃⲁⲥⲁⲛⲟⲥ ⲉⲩϣⲟⲃⲉ • ϣⲁⲛⲧ ⲟⲩⲙⲟⲩ • ⲧⲟⲧⲉ ⲁϥⲟⲩⲉϩⲥⲁϩⲛⲉ ⲛ̄ϭⲓ ⲇⲉⲕⲓⲟⲥ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲛ̄ ⲁⲛⲟⲙⲟⲥ • ⲉ ⲧⲣⲉ\nⲡⲕⲩⲣ[ⲓ]ⲝ ⲱϣ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲡⲟⲗⲓⲥ ⲧⲏⲣⲥ̄ • ϫⲉ ⲉⲩϫⲓ\nⲉ ⲣⲱⲧⲛ̄ ⲧⲏⲣⲧⲛ̄ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲗⲁⲟⲥ • ϫⲉ ⲉⲓⲧⲉ ⲙⲁⲧⲟⲓ • ⲉⲓⲧⲉ\nⲡⲁⲅⲁⲛⲟⲥ • ⲉⲓⲧⲉ ⲅⲉⲛⲟⲥ ⲛⲓⲙ ⲛ̄ⲣⲱⲙⲉ • ⲙⲛ̄ ϩⲩⲗⲓⲕⲓⲁ\nⲛⲓⲙ • [ϫ]ⲉ ⲁⲙⲏⲓⲧⲛ̄ ⲧⲏⲣⲧⲛ̄ ▨▨▨ⲣ̄ⲡⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ • [ⲛ̄ⲧⲉ]ⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲗⲉ ⲑⲩⲥⲓⲁ ⲛⲁⲩ ⲉ ϩⲣⲁⲓ • ⲁⲩϫⲣⲟ ⲛ̄ⲧϣⲏⲩⲉ ϩⲓⲣⲙ̄\nⲡⲣⲟ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲣ̄ⲡⲉ • ⲁⲩⲧⲁⲗⲉ ⲑⲩⲥⲓⲁ ⲛⲁⲩ ⲉ ϩⲣⲁⲓ ϩⲓ ⲗⲓⲃⲁⲛⲟⲥ •","english":"...great tortures that they might fear until death. Then Decius the lawless king commanded that the herald proclaim throughout the whole city, \"All of you, the people, whether soldiers or pagans or any race of men of any age, come all of you to the temple of the gods to offer sacrifice to them.\" They set up tables at the door of the temple and offered sacrifice to them with incense.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲇⲉⲕⲓⲟⲥ ⲡⲣ̄ⲣ̄ⲟ ⲛ̄ ⲁⲛⲟⲙⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"Decius is called 'the lawless king' (ⲁⲛⲟⲙⲟⲥ), a standard epithet in Coptic martyrological literature for persecuting emperors, contrasting with the righteous king mentioned in the previous passage.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲡⲗⲁⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"ⲡⲗⲁⲟⲥ (Greek λαός) here refers to the general populace, not the liturgical laity, as the herald addresses all inhabitants of the city.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲁⲅⲁⲛⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"ⲡⲁⲅⲁⲛⲟⲥ (Greek παγανός) means 'pagan' or 'civilian', here contrasted with soldiers (ⲙⲁⲧⲟⲓ), indicating a comprehensive conscription to sacrifice.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"background","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The command to offer sacrifice at the temple of the gods (ⲣ̄ⲡⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ) reflects the historical Decius' edict of 250 CE requiring all inhabitants to sacrifice to the Roman gods, a key trigger for persecution.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage shifts from the angelic gift of the sword (previous passage) to Decius' public decree, advancing the narrative of persecution that leads to Mercurius' martyrdom.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"▨▨▨ⲣ̄ⲡⲉ","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic text has a lacuna before ⲣ̄ⲡⲉ; the reading 'temple' is conjectural based on context and the following phrase 'to offer sacrifice'.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The lacuna before ⲣ̄ⲡⲉ leaves the exact phrase uncertain; the translation assumes 'temple of the gods'.","The phrase ⲉⲩϫⲓ ⲉ ⲣⲱⲧⲛ̄ is ambiguous: it could mean 'take up arms' or 'gather', but the context of the herald's proclamation favors 'gather'."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[{"kind":"lacuna","severity":"caution","text":"The source is fragmentary here: the edition marks a break or an editorial bracket, and the English carries across it. Treat the bridge as supplied, not translated."},{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲗⲁⲟⲥ","text":"ⲗⲁⲟⲥ → “people”. Greek λαός. In liturgical description it is the congregation as distinct from the clergy, i.e. the laity."},{"kind":"homonym","severity":"caution","term":"ⲗⲁⲟⲥ","text":"ⲗⲁⲟⲥ carries more than one sense (laity); this passage takes it as “people”. The choice is the translator's, not a lexical given."}]},{"i":4,"ref":"p4","source":"ⲙⲛ̄ ϩⲉⲛⲙⲁⲥⲉ • ⲙⲛ̄ ϩⲉⲛϭⲓⲉⲓ̈ • ⲙⲛ̄ ϩⲉⲛϩⲁⲗⲁⲁⲧⲉ • ⲁ\nⲡⲉⲥⲧⲉⲣⲉⲩⲱⲙⲁ ⲙⲟⲩϩ • ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲕⲁⲡⲛⲟⲥ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲥϯ ⲃⲱⲱⲛ • ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲩⲑⲩⲥⲓⲁ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛⲉⲣⲉ ⲟⲩⲛⲟϭ ϣⲟⲟⲡ ϩⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲭⲣⲓ[ⲥⲧ]ⲓⲁⲛⲟⲥ • ⲛ̄ϣⲧⲟⲣⲧⲣ̄ ⲉⲩⲇⲓⲱⲕⲉⲓ ⲛ̄ⲥⲱⲟⲩ • ⲉⲩϩⲓⲟⲩⲉ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲟⲩ • ⲉⲩⲥⲱⲕ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲟⲩ ⲉ ⲛⲉⲥⲡⲩⲗⲱⲛ • ⲙⲛ̄\nⲙ̄ⲙⲁ ⲉⲧ ϩⲉⲡ • ⲉⲩⲁⲛⲁⲅⲁⲍⲉ | ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲟⲩ ⲉⲣ ⲑⲩⲥⲓⲁ • ⲉⲣⲉ\nϩⲉⲛⲛⲟϭ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲁⲣⲁⲭⲏ ϣⲟⲟⲡ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲙⲁ • ⲁϥⲟⲩⲉϩⲥⲁϩⲛⲉ\nⲅⲁⲣ ⲛ̄ ⲡⲧⲩⲣⲁⲛⲛⲟⲥ • ⲉ ⲕⲱ ⲉ ϩⲣⲁⲓ ϩⲓⲑⲏ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ • ⲉⲛⲉⲓⲇⲟⲥ ⲛⲓ̈ⲙ ⲛ̄ⲕⲟⲗⲁⲥⲧⲓⲣⲓⲟⲛ ⲉⲩϯ ϩⲟⲧⲉ • ϫⲉ ⲕⲁⲥ\nⲉⲩⲉⲛⲁⲩ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲟⲩ ⲛ̄ϭⲓ ⲛⲉⲭⲣⲓⲥϯⲁⲛⲟⲥ • ⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲣ ϩⲟⲧⲉ\nϩⲉⲛⲥⲏϥⲉ ⲉⲩⲧⲁⲁⲧⲉ • ⲙⲛ̄ ϩⲉⲛ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁ ⲛ̄ ⲙ̄ⲕⲟⲧⲕ̄ ⲙ̄\nⲡⲉⲛⲓⲡⲉ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲛⲉϣⲁⲩⲥⲉⲕ ⲛⲉⲩⲣⲟⲛ ⲛ̄ϩⲏⲧⲟⲩ • ⲙⲛ̄ ϩⲉⲛⲧⲟⲕ ⲛ̄ϣⲉⲧ ⲗⲁⲥ • ⲙⲛ̄ ϩⲉⲛⲕⲟⲩⲡⲓⲥ ⲙⲛ̄ ϩⲉⲛϭⲟⲣⲧⲉ\nⲉⲩϫⲏⲣ • ⲙⲛ̄ ϩⲉⲛⲭⲁⲗⲕⲓⲟⲛ ⲉⲩⲙⲉϩ ⲛ̄ ⲗⲁⲙϫⲁⲧⲡ̄ ⲉⲩⲃⲏⲣⲃⲣ̄ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲟⲛ ϩⲉⲛⲭⲁⲗⲕⲓⲟⲛ ⲉⲩⲙⲉϩ ϩⲛ̄ⲥⲏⲙⲁ • ⲁⲩⲱ\nϩⲉⲛⲧⲣⲟⲭⲟⲥ ⲛ̄ⲃⲁϣⲟⲩⲣ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲡⲕⲉ ⲥⲉⲉⲡⲉ ⲛ̄ⲕⲟⲗⲁⲥϯⲏⲣⲓⲟⲛ ⲉⲩϯ ϩⲟⲧⲉ • ⲛⲉϥϫⲱ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲥ • ⲛ̄ϭⲓ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ\nⲛ̄ ⲁⲥⲉⲃⲏⲥ ⲉⲧ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲩ • ϫⲉ ⲡⲉⲧ ⲛⲁϯ ⲁⲛϯⲗⲉⲅⲉⲓ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲁ\nⲟⲩⲉϩⲥⲁϩⲛⲉ • ϯⲛⲁⲡⲱⲣⲕ̄ ⲛ̄ⲛⲉϥⲃⲁⲗ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϣⲱⲧ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϥⲗⲁⲥ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲉⲓⲛⲉ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ⲙ̄ ⲡϥ̄ⲛϩⲱⲛ : ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲓⲟⲩⲉⲓⲥⲉ ⲥⲏⲃⲉ\nⲛ̄ⲣⲁⲧϥ̄ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲓⲉⲓⲛⲉ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϥⲁⲛⲕⲉⲫⲁⲗⲟⲥ • ⲡⲕⲉ\nⲥⲉⲉⲡ[ⲉ] | ⲇⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϥⲥⲱⲙⲁ • ϯⲛⲁⲧⲁϥ ⲉ ⲡⲕⲱϩⲧ̄ ⲛϥ̄ⲁⲛϩⲁⲗⲓⲥⲕⲉⲓ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ • ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣ ⲟⲩⲛⲁⲩ ⲇⲉ ⲉ ⲛⲁⲓ ⲛ̄ϭⲓ\nⲛ̄ⲣⲱⲙⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲉⲩⲥⲉⲃⲏⲥ • ⲁⲩ ⲟⲩⲛⲟϭ ⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ϭⲁⲃ ϩⲏⲧ ⲧⲁϩⲟⲟⲩ • ⲁⲩⲣ̄ϩⲟⲧⲉ • ⲁⲩⲕⲁ ⲧⲟⲟⲧⲟⲩ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ⲉⲣⲉ ⲡⲟⲩⲁ\nⲡⲟⲩⲁ ⲡⲁⲣⲁⲇⲓⲇⲟⲩ • ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲧ ϩⲓⲧⲟⲩⲱϥ ⲉ ⲡⲙⲟⲩ •","english":"...with knives, and with axes, and with saws. His body was filled with the smoke of the foul incense of their sacrifices. And there was great turmoil among the Christians, as they were troubled, pursuing them, striking their doors, dragging them to the temples and hidden places, forcing them to make sacrifices. There were great disturbances in every place. For the tyrant commanded that all kinds of terrifying instruments of torture be set before him, so that the Christians might see them and fear. Swords sharpened, and places of imprisonment, and the racks on which they stretched their limbs, and iron hooks, and pincers, and burning coals, and bronze vessels filled with boiling pitch, and also bronze vessels filled with lime, and wheels of torture, and the rest of the terrifying instruments of punishment. For the impious king there said, \"Whoever opposes my command, I will gouge out his eyes, I will cut out his tongue, I will extract his intestines, I will drive nails into the soles of his feet, I will extract his brain. The rest of his body I will give to the fire, if he is caught.\" But when the pious men saw these things, they took great courage, they feared, they let their hands go free, each one betraying the one next to him to death.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲥⲱⲙⲁ","severity":"info","text":"The term ⲥⲱⲙⲁ (body) here refers to the corpse of a martyr, consistent with its use in martyrdom accounts where the body after death is the focus of veneration or desecration.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"background","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The list of tortures (swords, racks, hooks, boiling pitch, lime, wheels) reflects standard Roman penal practice as depicted in hagiography, often drawn from earlier martyr acts and biblical imagery of persecution.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage shifts from a narrative of collective Christian suffering to a direct speech by the tyrant Decius, listing specific tortures, then returns to the reaction of the pious, creating a rhetorical climax.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲛⲉⲭⲣⲓ[ⲥⲧ]ⲓⲁⲛⲟⲥ","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic text has a lacuna in ⲛⲉⲭⲣⲓ[ⲥⲧ]ⲓⲁⲛⲟⲥ; the reconstruction is standard but the exact reading is uncertain due to manuscript damage.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"background","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The vivid description of tortures and the tyrant's speech served to reinforce the ideal of steadfastness in Coptic martyrdom literature, influencing later hagiographic cycles.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase ⲉⲩⲁⲛⲁⲅⲁⲍⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲟⲩ ⲉⲣ ⲑⲩⲥⲓⲁ is ambiguous: it could mean 'forcing them to make sacrifices' or 'forcing them to be sacrificed'; the former is taken here based on context.","The identity of 'the pious men' (ⲛ̄ⲣⲱⲙⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲉⲩⲥⲉⲃⲏⲥ) is ambiguous—whether they are Christians or pagan officials who later convert is unclear; the text implies they are Christians who betray each other."],"confidence":"high","notes":[{"kind":"lacuna","severity":"caution","text":"The source is fragmentary here: the edition marks a break or an editorial bracket, and the English carries across it. Treat the bridge as supplied, not translated."},{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲥⲱⲙⲁ","text":"ⲥⲱⲙⲁ → “body”. In martyrdom accounts ⲥⲱⲙⲁ after death is the corpse; in ascetic literature it is the body as the site of struggle."},{"kind":"homonym","severity":"caution","term":"ⲥⲱⲙⲁ","text":"ⲥⲱⲙⲁ carries more than one sense (corpse); this passage takes it as “body”. The choice is the translator's, not a lexical given."}]},{"i":5,"ref":"p5","source":"ϩⲉⲛⲉⲓ̈ⲟⲧⲉ ⲉⲩⲡⲁⲣⲁⲇⲓⲇⲟⲩ ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲩϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲉ ⲡⲙⲟⲩ • ⲁⲩⲣ̄\nⲡⲱⲃϣ̄ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲙⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲫⲩⲥⲓⲥ ⲁⲩⲱ [ϩ]ⲉⲛⲥⲛⲏⲩ ⲉⲩⲥⲱⲕ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲟⲩ • ⲉⲩϩⲱⲣⲃⲣ̄ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲟⲩ • ⲉⲩⲡⲁⲣⲁⲇⲓⲇⲟⲩ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲟⲩ • ⲉⲣⲉ ⲟⲩⲛⲟϭ ⲛ̄ϣⲧⲱⲣⲧⲣ̄ ϣⲟⲟⲡ : ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲛⲓⲙ ⲉⲧ ϩⲟⲙⲟⲗⲟⲅⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲣⲁⲛ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲣⲁⲛ (sic) ⲛ̄ ⲓ︦ⲥ︦ • ⲛⲉⲩⲛ̄ ⲟⲩϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲇⲉ\nϣⲏⲙ ⲛ̄ϫⲱⲱⲣⲉ • ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲥⲧⲣⲁⲧⲉⲩⲙⲁ • ⲉ ⲡⲉϥⲣⲁⲛ ⲡⲉ\nⲙⲉⲣⲕⲟⲩⲣⲓⲟⲥ • ⲉϥϩⲏⲕ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲁⲣⲓⲑⲙⲟⲥ ⲛ̄ ⲛ︦ⲙ︦ⲙ︦ⲁⲣⲧⲩⲥⲓⲟⲥ • ⲉϥⲣ̄ ϩⲟⲧⲉ ϩⲏⲧϥ̄ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲉⲛⲉⲓⲥⲱϥ ⲉⲙⲁⲧⲉ •","english":"...with knives, and with axes, and with saws. His body was filled with the smoke of the foul incense of their sacrifices. And there was great turmoil among the Christians, as they were troubled, pursuing them, striking them. Some fathers were giving up their children to death. They perverted the truth of nature, and some brothers were dragging them, destroying them, giving them up. And there was a great disturbance among all who confess the name of the name of Jesus. But there was a young child in the army, whose name was Mercurius, who was counted among the number of the martyrs, fearing God exceedingly.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"sense","kind":"sense","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic describes fathers giving up their children to death, perverting the truth of nature, and brothers dragging, destroying, and giving them up. The English draft conflates these into a single sequence of persecution.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲣⲁⲛ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲣⲁⲛ (sic)","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic reads 'the name of the name of Jesus', a dittography likely from scribal error. The English draft renders it as 'the name of the name of Jesus', preserving the repetition.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ","severity":"info","text":"ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ (with definite article) is the standard Coptic term for God in Christian texts, as per the pinned glossary. Here it refers to the God of the martyrs.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The passage depicts the Great Persecution under Diocletian (early 4th century), where Christians were forced to sacrifice to Roman gods. The mention of 'tyrant' and 'martyrs' aligns with hagiographic topoi of the period.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This narrative unit shifts from general persecution to the specific introduction of Mercurius as a young child in the army, counted among the martyrs, setting up his role as a saint.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲛⲓⲙ ⲉⲧ ϩⲟⲙⲟⲗⲟⲅⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲣⲁⲛ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲣⲁⲛ (sic) ⲛ̄ ⲓ︦ⲥ︦","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase 'all who confess the name of the name of Jesus' contains a dittography (ⲡⲣⲁⲛ repeated). The intended sense is 'all who confess the name of Jesus', but the text as transmitted is corrupt.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The Coptic phrase ⲉⲩϩⲱⲣⲃⲣ̄ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲟⲩ could mean 'destroying them' or 'overthrowing them'; the English draft takes 'destroying them'.","The phrase ⲛⲉⲩⲛ̄ ⲟⲩϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲇⲉ ϣⲏⲙ ⲛ̄ϫⲱⲱⲣⲉ is ambiguous: it may mean 'there was a young child' or 'they had a young child'; the English draft adopts 'there was a young child'."],"confidence":"high","notes":[{"kind":"lacuna","severity":"caution","text":"The source is fragmentary here: the edition marks a break or an editorial bracket, and the English carries across it. Treat the bridge as supplied, not translated."}]},{"i":6,"ref":"p6","source":"ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϥⲉⲓⲛⲉ • ⲉⲣⲉ ⲡⲉⲥⲧⲣⲁⲧⲉⲩⲙⲁ ⲧⲏⲣϥ̄ ⲙⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ • ⲉ ⲧⲃⲉ ⲧⲉϥⲉⲡⲓⲥⲧⲏⲙⲓ̈ | ⲛⲉϥⲉⲑⲟⲥ ⲟⲩ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ⲡⲉ ϩⲛ̄\nⲧⲉⲭⲱⲣⲁ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲕⲁⲡⲡⲁⲇⲟⲕⲓⲁ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡϥ̄ⲅⲉⲛⲟⲥ • ⲉⲩⲭⲣⲓⲥϯⲁⲛⲟⲥ ⲡⲉ ϫⲓ[ⲛ] ⲧⲉϥⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲕⲟⲩⲓ̈ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲛⲉϥⲉⲓⲟⲧⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩϫⲱⲱⲣⲉ ⲡⲉ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲡⲟⲗⲩⲙⲟⲥ • ⲉⲣⲉ ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ϣⲟⲟⲡ ⲛⲙ̄ⲙⲁϥ ϩⲛ̄ ⲛϥ̄ϩⲃⲏⲩⲉ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ • ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣ ϥ̄ⲛⲁⲩ ⲉ ⲣⲟϥ ⲛ̄ϭⲓ\nⲡⲉⲧⲣⲓⲃⲟⲩⲛⲟⲥ • ϫⲉ ⲉϥⲡⲣⲟⲕⲟⲡⲧⲉⲓ ϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲉϥⲧⲁⲝⲓⲥ • ⲙⲛ̄\nⲧϩⲉⲝⲓⲥ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲙⲁⲧⲟⲓ • ⲁϥⲁⲁϥ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲣⲓⲙⲏⲕⲓⲣⲓⲟⲥ (sic)\nⲉϫⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϥⲁⲣⲓⲑⲙⲟⲥ • ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲇⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣⲉ ϥⲛⲁⲩ ⲉ ⲧⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ϫⲱⲱⲣⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡϣⲏⲣⲉ ϣⲏⲙ • ⲁϥⲙⲉⲣⲓⲧ[ϥ̄] • ⲁϥⲕⲁⲁϥ\nⲉϥⲧⲏϭ ⲉ ⲣⲟϥ • ⲉϥϣⲟϫⲛⲉ ⲛⲙ̄ⲙⲁϥ ⲉ ⲛⲉϩⲃⲏⲩⲉ ⲙ̄\nⲡⲁⲗⲗⲁϯⲟⲛ • ⲁⲥϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲇⲉ ⲙⲛ︦ⲛ︦ⲥⲁ ⲛⲁⲓ • ⲇⲉ ⲉⲣⲉ\nⲡⲇⲓⲱⲕⲙⲟⲥ ⲥⲏⲣ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ⲁ ⲡϩⲉⲑⲛⲟⲥ ⲛ̄ⲃⲁⲣⲃⲁⲣⲟⲥ • ⲧⲱⲟⲩⲛ ⲉ ϩⲣⲁⲓ ⲉϫⲛ̄ ϩⲣⲱⲙⲁⲓⲟⲥ • ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲇⲉ ⲇⲉⲕⲓⲟⲥ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲧⲥⲩⲛⲕⲗⲏⲧⲟⲥ ⲧⲏⲣⲥ̄ • ⲁⲩⲁⲡⲟⲣⲉⲓ ⲉ ⲧⲃⲉ ⲧⲛⲟϭ ⲛ̄\nⲁⲡⲟⲣⲓⲁ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲧⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲁⲃⲟⲗⲏ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥϣⲱⲡⲉ • ϩⲛ̄ ⲟⲩϣⲡ̄ ⲛ̄\nϣⲱⲡ • ⲁⲩⲡ[ⲟ]ⲗⲉⲙⲉⲓ ⲛⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲩ ⲛ̄ϭⲓ ⲛ̄ⲃⲁⲣⲃ[ⲁⲣⲟⲥ] • |\nϩⲱⲥ ⲧⲉ ⲛ̄ⲥⲉϥⲓ̈ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲟⲟⲧⲟⲩ • ⲛ̄ ⲧⲛⲟϭ ⲛ̄ ϩⲁⲣⲙⲉⲛⲓⲁ • ⲉⲧ\nϣⲟⲟⲡ ϩⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲩⲧⲟϣ • ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲩⲙⲏⲏⲧⲉ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲛⲉϩⲣⲱⲙⲁⲓⲟⲥ • ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲇⲉ ⲇⲉⲕⲓⲟⲥ • ⲁϥⲟⲩⲉϩⲥⲁϩⲛⲉ ⲥⲟⲟⲩϩ ⲉ\nϩⲟⲩⲛ • ⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩⲙⲉⲣⲟⲛ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲁⲣⲓⲑⲙⲟⲥ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲛ̄ⲛⲉϩⲣⲱⲙⲁⲓⲟⲥ • ϫⲉ ⲕⲁⲥ ⲉⲩⲉⲃⲱⲕ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ⲉ ⲡⲡⲟⲗⲉⲙⲟⲥ ⲉ\nⲙⲓϣⲉ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲃⲁⲣⲃⲁⲣⲟⲥ • ⲧⲟⲧⲉ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲁϥⲧⲱϣ [ⲛ̄]ⲛⲟⲩⲙⲉⲣⲟⲛ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲁⲣⲓⲑⲙⲟⲥ ⲁϥⲙⲟⲟϣⲉ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ⲉ ⲡⲡⲟⲗⲉⲙⲟⲥ\nⲛ̄ⲃⲁⲣⲃⲁⲣⲟⲥ • ⲁϥϫⲓⲟⲣ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲩⲫⲣⲁⲧⲏⲥ ⲡⲛⲟϭ ⲛ̄ ⲉⲓⲉⲣⲟ •","english":"in his likeness. His entire army loved him because of his skill. His character was known abroad in the region of Cappadocia in his family. He was a Christian from his childhood, and his parents were of a strong nature in the city. God was with him in all his deeds. When the tribune saw him, that he was advancing in his rank and in the disposition of a soldier, he made him a *trimekirios* over his number. When the king saw the strength of the young man, he loved him. He kept him close to him, taking counsel with him about the affairs of the palace. After these things, when the persecution was spread abroad, the barbarian nation rose up against the Romans. King Decius and the entire senate were at a loss because of the great difficulty and the helplessness that had come about in a moment. The barbarians fought with them, as if they were lifting their hands against the great Armenia, which is in their borders, between them and the Romans. King Decius gave orders to gather together all the *numeri* and all the numbers of the Romans, so that they might go out to war to fight against the barbarians. Then the king summoned the *numeri* and the numbers, and he marched out to the war of the barbarians. He crossed their great river, the Euphrates.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲧⲣⲓⲙⲏⲕⲓⲣⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic ⲧⲣⲓⲙⲏⲕⲓⲣⲓⲟⲥ (trimekirios) is a Greek loanword (τριμηκήριος) meaning a commander of a unit of three hundred soldiers. The text notes a scribal variant (sic), indicating uncertainty in the manuscript tradition.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲛⲟⲩⲙⲉⲣⲟⲛ","severity":"info","text":"ⲛⲟⲩⲙⲉⲣⲟⲛ (numeron) is a Greek loanword (νούμερον) referring to a military unit, a numerus. The text distinguishes it from ⲁⲣⲓⲑⲙⲟⲥ (number), possibly to differentiate the unit from its personnel count.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲣⲣⲟ ⲇⲉ ⲇⲉⲕⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"King Decius (Roman emperor 249–251 CE) is historically known for initiating a severe persecution of Christians. The encomium aligns Mercurius’s military career with this period, though the historical Decius died in battle against Goths, not barbarians in Armenia.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage shifts from a character sketch of Mercurius (his skill, Christian upbringing, divine favor) to a historical crisis: the barbarian invasion and Decius’s response. The transition is marked by ⲁⲥϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲇⲉ ⲙⲛⲛⲥⲁ ⲛⲁⲓ (after these things).","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲛⲃⲁⲣⲃⲁⲣⲟⲥ","severity":"caution","text":"The term ⲛⲃⲁⲣⲃⲁⲣⲟⲥ (barbarians) is vague; the text specifies they fight against Romans and are associated with Armenia, but their identity is not clarified. The historical context of Decius’s reign involves Gothic incursions, not Armenian conflicts, so the geography may be anachronistic or legendary.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The encomium’s portrayal of Mercurius as a Christian soldier favored by God and a pagan king reflects hagiographic topoi common in Coptic martyr narratives, emphasizing divine providence and the saint’s virtue even before his martyrdom.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of the 'barbarian nation' is unclear; the text links them to Armenia, but historical records for Decius’s reign do not confirm such a conflict.","The term ⲧⲣⲓⲙⲏⲕⲓⲣⲓⲟⲥ is marked (sic) in the edition, suggesting a scribal error or variant in the Coptic manuscript.","The phrase ⲛⲟⲩⲙⲉⲣⲟⲛ ⲙⲛ ⲛⲁⲣⲓⲑⲙⲟⲥ may be a hendiadys or a distinction between military units and their numerical strength."],"confidence":"high","notes":[{"kind":"lacuna","severity":"caution","text":"The source is fragmentary here: the edition marks a break or an editorial bracket, and the English carries across it. Treat the bridge as supplied, not translated."},{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲉⲑⲛⲟⲥ","text":"ⲉⲑⲛⲟⲥ → “nation”. Greek ἔθνος. In the plural, the Gentiles as a category over against Israel; in the singular, a nation like any other."},{"kind":"homonym","severity":"caution","term":"ⲉⲑⲛⲟⲥ","text":"ⲉⲑⲛⲟⲥ carries more than one sense (Gentile, people); this passage takes it as “nation”. The choice is the translator's, not a lexical given."}]},{"i":7,"ref":"p7","source":"ⲡⲁⲓ ⲉⲧ ϣⲟⲟⲡ ϩⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲧⲟϣ ⲛ̄ ⲑⲉⲣⲙⲉⲛⲓⲁ • ⲁϥⲧⲁϫⲣⲟ\nⲙ̄ ⲡϩⲟⲧ [ⲛ̄]ⲃⲁⲗ ⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲃⲁⲣⲃⲁⲣⲟⲥ • [ⲁϥ]ϭⲱ ϩⲓⲣⲛ̄ ⲣⲱⲟⲩ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲡⲉϥⲥⲧⲣⲁⲧⲉⲩⲙⲁ • ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲟⲩⲟⲉⲓϣ ⲉⲧ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲩ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲛϩ̄ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ⲛ̄ϭⲓ ⲧⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ϫⲱⲱⲣⲉ • ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲓ ⲅⲉⲛⲛⲁⲓⲟⲥ\nⲡϩⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲙⲉⲣⲕⲟⲩⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲡⲉⲡⲓⲥⲧⲟⲥ ⲛⲁⲙⲉ : ⲁⲩⲱ ⲡⲉⲓ ⲡⲣⲩⲙⲏⲕⲓⲣⲓⲟⲥ (sic) ⲙ̄ ⲡⲁⲣⲓⲑⲙⲟⲥ ⲛ̄ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩⲣⲟⲥ (sic) • ⲉⲛⲉⲩ\nⲟⲩⲣⲱⲙⲉ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲡⲉ • ⲉϥϫⲏⲕ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ⲙ̄ ⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲣⲉϥϣⲙ̄ϣⲉ\nⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲉϥⲡⲟⲗⲓⲧⲉⲩⲉ ϩⲛ̄ ⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲉⲩⲥⲉⲃⲏⲥ ⲛⲓⲙ • ⲉⲣⲉ\nⲡϣⲁϫⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ϩⲟⲗϭ̄ ϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲉϥ|ⲧⲁⲡⲣⲟ ⲛⲁⲩ ⲛⲓⲙ •","english":"He who was in the regions of Germany, he strengthened the heart of the barbarians, he remained at their gates with his army at that time, then the courage of this noble one was revealed. The holy Mercurius, the faithful one indeed, and this preeminent one among the number of martyrs. For he was a man fulfilled in the service of God, and he conducted himself in every piety, with the word of God always on his lips.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲑⲉⲣⲙⲉⲛⲓⲁ","severity":"info","text":"ⲑⲉⲣⲙⲉⲛⲓⲁ is a Greek loanword (Θερμανία) for Germany, here referring to the region where Mercurius served. The Coptic form preserves the Greek feminine ending.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲣⲩⲙⲏⲕⲓⲣⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"ⲡⲣⲩⲙⲏⲕⲓⲣⲓⲟⲥ is a variant spelling of ⲧⲣⲓⲙⲉⲕⲓⲣⲓⲟⲥ (trimekirios), a military rank. The scribe may have misread or conflated the prefix, but the sense is 'preeminent one' or 'commander'.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩⲣⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"ⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩⲣⲟⲥ (Greek μάρτυς) here carries the hagiographical sense 'martyr', as Mercurius is counted among the martyrs. The older forensic sense 'witness' is not operative in this context.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ","severity":"info","text":"ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ (with definite article) names God in this Christian text, as in the phrase 'the word of God' (ⲡϣⲁϫⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ).","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The description of Mercurius as 'fulfilled in the service of God' and having 'the word of God always on his lips' is a conventional hagiographical topos for a saintly soldier, emphasizing piety over military prowess.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲁⲣⲓⲑⲙⲟⲥ","severity":"caution","text":"ⲡⲁⲣⲓⲑⲙⲟⲥ (Greek ἀριθμός) means 'number', but the phrase 'the number of martyrs' may be a set expression for the company of martyrs. The Coptic spelling ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩⲣⲟⲥ shows a reduplicated ⲙ̄, possibly a scribal error or phonetic spelling.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase 'he strengthened the heart of the barbarians' (ⲁϥⲧⲁϫⲣⲟ ⲙ̄ ⲡϩⲟⲧ ⲛ̄ⲃⲁⲗ ⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲃⲁⲣⲃⲁⲣⲟⲥ) is ambiguous: it could mean he encouraged them or intimidated them. The context of remaining at their gates suggests a military standoff, but the Coptic does not specify the outcome.","The reading ⲡⲣⲩⲙⲏⲕⲓⲣⲓⲟⲥ is a hapax or rare variant; the intended rank is likely trimekirios, but the exact form is uncertain."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[{"kind":"lacuna","severity":"caution","text":"The source is fragmentary here: the edition marks a break or an editorial bracket, and the English carries across it. Treat the bridge as supplied, not translated."}]},{"i":8,"ref":"p8","source":"ⲛ̄ϩⲟⲩⲟ ⲟⲩⲉⲃⲃⲓⲱ(sic)• ⲁⲥϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲇⲉ ⲛ︦ⲛ︦ⲟⲩϣⲏ • ⲉϥⲛ̄ⲕⲟⲧⲕ̄ ⲛ̄\nⲧⲙⲏⲏⲧⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲥⲧⲣⲁⲧⲉⲩⲙⲁ • ⲙⲛ︦ⲛ︦ⲥⲁ ⲧⲣⲉϥⲟⲩⲱ ⲉⲛ︦ϥ︦ⲉⲓⲣⲉ ⲛϥ̄ϣⲗⲏⲗ • ⲁϥⲱⲃϣ̄ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲕⲟⲩⲓ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲉⲓⲥ ⲟⲩⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ ⲛ̄ⲧⲉ ⲡϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ ⲁϥⲁϩⲉ ⲣⲁⲧϥ̄ ϩⲓ ϫⲱϥ• ⲁϥⲧⲃⲥ̄ ⲡⲉϥⲥⲡⲓ̈ⲣ • ⲁϥⲧⲟⲩⲛⲟⲥϥ̄ ⲉⲣⲉ ⲟⲩⲥⲏϥⲉ ϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲉϥϭⲓϫ • ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲛⲁⲙ • ⲉϥϯ\nϩⲟⲧⲉ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϥⲉⲓⲛⲉ • ⲉⲣⲉ ⲟⲩϩⲱⲛ ϩⲓⲱⲱϥ • ⲉϥⲟ ⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ϣⲡⲏⲣⲉ • ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣⲉ ϥⲛⲁⲩ ⲇⲉ ⲉⲣⲟϥ • ⲡϩⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲙⲉⲣⲕⲟⲩⲣⲓⲟⲥ • ⲁϥⲣ̄ ϩⲟⲧⲉ ⲉⲙⲁⲧⲉ • ⲁϥⲟⲩⲱϣⲃ̄ ⲛⲁϥ ⲛ̄ϭⲓ ⲡⲁⲛⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ • ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲁϥ • ϫⲉ ⲙⲉⲣⲕⲟⲩⲣⲓⲟⲥ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲟϥ ⲇⲉ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ • ϫⲉ\nⲉⲓⲥ ϩⲏⲏⲧⲉ ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲡϫⲟ̄ⲉⲓⲥ • ⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲛ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲉϥⲃⲁⲗ ⲛ̄ϭⲓ\nⲙⲉⲣⲕⲟⲩⲣⲓⲟⲥ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣ ϥⲛⲁⲩ ⲉ ⲡⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ ⲁϥⲣ̄ϩⲟⲧⲉ • ⲉϥⲙⲉⲉⲩⲉ ϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲁ ⲡⲉ ϩⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲅⲓⲥⲧⲣⲓⲁⲛⲟⲥ\nⲙ̄ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ⲏ̄ ⲟⲩⲥⲧⲣⲁⲧⲩⲗⲁⲧⲏⲥ ⲡⲉ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲟϥ ⲇⲉ ⲁϥⲥⲟⲟⲩⲧⲛ̄ ⲉ ⲣⲟϥ • ⲛ̄ ⲧⲥⲏϥⲉ ⲉⲧ ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲟⲧϥ̄ • ⲉⲥⲧⲟⲕⲙ̄\nϩⲛ̄ | [ⲧⲉϥ]ϭⲓϫ ⲉϥϫⲱ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲥ ⲛⲁϥ • ϫⲉ ϫⲓ ⲛⲁⲕ ⲛ̄\nⲧⲉⲓ ⲥⲏϥⲉ ⲉⲧ ⲧⲱⲕⲙ̄ • ⲉⲧ ϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲁϭⲓϫ • ϩⲓⲧⲛ̄ ⲧⲁⲓ̈ ⲅⲁⲣ\nⲉⲕⲛⲁⲡⲁⲧⲁⲥⲥⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲧϭⲟⲙ ⲧⲏⲣⲥ̄ ⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲃⲁⲣⲃⲁⲣⲟⲥ • ⲁⲛⲟⲕ\nⲅⲁⲣ ⲡⲉ ⲡⲁⲣⲭⲏⲥⲧⲣⲁⲧⲏⲅⲟⲥ ⲛ̄ ⲧϭⲟⲙ ⲙ̄ ⲡϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲓⲉⲓ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲏⲑⲉⲓ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲕ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲕϣⲃⲏⲣ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲧⲟⲓ • ⲛⲁⲓ ⲉⲧ ⲡⲓ̈ⲥⲧⲉⲩⲉ ⲉ ⲡϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ ⲓ︦ⲥ︦ ⲡⲉⲭ︦ⲥ • ⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩ ϭⲉ\nϫⲣⲟ ⲛⲅ̄ ϭⲙ̄ϭⲟⲙ • ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲅⲁⲣ ϯϣⲟⲟⲡ ⲛⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲕ ϣⲁ\nⲡϫⲱⲕ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲕⲁⲅⲱⲛ ϩⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲉⲣⲏⲛⲏ • ⲉⲥ (sic) ϩⲏⲏⲧⲉ\nⲉⲓ (sic) ⲡⲉⲟⲩⲟⲉⲓϣ ⲁϥⲉⲓ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲉⲓⲥ ⲡⲁⲅⲱⲛ ⲡⲟⲣϣ̄ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ⲙⲓϣⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲕϫⲓ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲕϭⲟⲙ • ⲙⲉⲣⲉϣⲟⲉ[ⲓ]ϫ ϫⲓ ⲕⲗⲟⲙ • ⲉⲓ ⲙⲏ ⲧⲉⲓ ⲛϥ̄ⲙⲓϣⲉ ⲕⲁⲗⲱⲥ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲡⲟⲩⲟⲓⲉ ⲉⲧ ϩⲟⲥⲉ •","english":"Most of all, he was pure. And it happened at night, while he was sleeping in the middle of the camp, after he had finished performing his prayers, he dozed a little. And behold, an angel of the Lord stood before him, he shook his shoulder, he woke him, having a sword in his right hand, causing fear by his appearance, having a belt on him, being wondrous. When the holy Mercurius saw him, he was very afraid. The angel answered him, he said to him, \"Mercurius.\" And he said, \"Behold, I am the Lord.\" Then Mercurius opened his eyes, and when he saw the angel, he was afraid, thinking that he was one of the magistrianos of the king, or a stratelates. And he (the angel) pointed his sword, which was drawn in his hand, saying to him, \"Take for yourself this drawn sword which is in my hand. For by this you will defeat the entire force of the barbarians. I am the commander-in-chief of the army of the Lord. For I have come to help you and your fellow soldiers, those who believe in the Lord Jesus Christ. Now then, be strong and take courage. For I am with you until the completion of your contest in peace. Behold, the time has come. And behold, the contest is spread out. Fight, that you may receive your strength. Do not let your hands take the crown unless you fight well and with difficulty.","structure":"dialogue","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The angel is introduced as ⲟⲩⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ ⲛ̄ⲧⲉ ⲡϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ, 'an angel of the Lord,' but later identifies himself as ⲡϫⲟ̄ⲉⲓⲥ, 'the Lord,' creating a deliberate ambiguity between the angel and Christ.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The angel first says ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲡϫⲟ̄ⲉⲓⲥ, 'I am the Lord,' but the narrative continues to call him ⲡⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ, 'the angel.' This reflects a homiletic trope where an angel speaks as the Lord's proxy.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲙⲁⲅⲓⲥⲧⲣⲓⲁⲛⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The term ⲙⲁⲅⲓⲥⲧⲣⲓⲁⲛⲟⲥ (magistrianos) refers to an imperial agent or courier, a late Roman official. Mercurius fears the angel is one of these, reflecting the military setting.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage is a dialogue within the larger homily, marked by the angel's direct speech to Mercurius. The angel's command to fight and the promise of a crown echo the martyrdom narrative.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲙⲉⲣⲉϣⲟⲉ[ⲓ]ϫ ϫⲓ ⲕⲗⲟⲙ","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'do not let your hands take the crown' alludes to the Pauline metaphor of the crown of martyrdom (cf. 1 Cor 9:24-27, 2 Tim 2:5), common in Coptic encomia.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲟⲩⲉⲃⲃⲓⲱ","severity":"caution","text":"The word ⲟⲩⲉⲃⲃⲓⲱ is a scribal error or variant; the intended form is likely ⲟⲩⲏⲃ, 'priest,' or ⲟⲩⲉⲃⲃⲓⲟⲛ, 'pure.' The context suggests 'pure' as a moral quality.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of the speaker: the angel initially claims to be 'the Lord' (ⲡϫⲟ̄ⲉⲓⲥ), but the narrative continues to call him 'the angel' (ⲡⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ). This may reflect a conflation of Christ and his angelic messenger.","The word ⲟⲩⲉⲃⲃⲓⲱ is unclear; it may be a misspelling of ⲟⲩⲏⲃ (priest) or ⲟⲩⲉⲃⲃⲓⲟⲛ (pure). The English draft reads 'pure,' which fits the context of Mercurius's piety."],"confidence":"high","notes":[{"kind":"structure","severity":"info","label":"dialogue","text":"Classified as dialogue from the Coptic cues."},{"kind":"lacuna","severity":"caution","text":"The source is fragmentary here: the edition marks a break or an editorial bracket, and the English carries across it. Treat the bridge as supplied, not translated."}]},{"i":9,"ref":"p9","source":"ⲛ̄ⲧⲟϥ ⲡⲉ ϣⲁϥϫⲓ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲕⲁⲣⲡⲟⲥ ⲛ̄ϣⲟⲣⲡ̄ • ⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩ ϭⲉ ⲥⲱⲧⲙ̄ ⲛ̄ϣⲁϫⲉ ϯϫⲱ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲟⲩ ⲛⲁⲕ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄\nⲱⲥⲕ̄ ⲉⲕⲧⲟⲕ ⲉ ⲡϫⲟⲉ︦ⲓ︦ⲥ︦ ⲉ ⲡⲉⲕⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ • ⲟⲩⲛⲟϭ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲛ̄\nⲁⲅⲱⲛ ϭⲉⲉⲧ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲕ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲕⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩ|ⲣⲟⲥ\nⲛ̄ ϫⲱⲱⲣⲉ • ⲧⲉⲕⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩⲣⲓⲁ ⲅⲁⲣ • ⲛⲁⲣ ⲥⲟⲉⲓⲧ ϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲟⲓⲕⲟⲩⲙⲉⲛⲏ ⲧⲏⲣⲥ̄ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲛⲓⲙ ⲉⲧ ⲥⲱⲧⲙ̄ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲥ • ⲛⲁⲣ̄ ϣⲡⲏⲣⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲕⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ϫⲱⲱⲣⲉ • ⲛ̄ⲥⲉϯⲉⲟⲟⲩ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ • ⲉⲧⲃⲉ ⲛ̄ϭⲟⲙⲙⲛ̄ [ⲛ]ⲉϣⲡⲏⲣⲉ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ϫⲱⲱⲣⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲟϥⲁⲁⲩ\nⲛⲁⲕ ⲛ̄ϭⲓ ⲡϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ ⲡⲉⲕⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ • ⲟⲩⲛ̄ ϩⲉⲛⲛⲟϭ ⲛ̄ⲃⲁⲥⲁⲛⲟⲥ","english":"He himself used to take first from the fruits. Now then, listen to the words I speak to you, and do not turn away from your Lord, your God. For a great contest awaits you, and you will become a courageous martyr. For your martyrdom will be renowned throughout the whole world, and all who hear of it will marvel at your courage. They will glorify God because of the powers and the wonders and the courage that the Lord, your God, has granted you. There are great torments","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲕⲁⲣⲡⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"Greek καρπός; in homiletic allegory the 'fruit' is a virtue or a work, not a literal fruit. The phrase 'take first from the fruits' likely means Mercurius was foremost in ascetic or spiritual achievement.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ","severity":"info","text":"Renders Yahweh in the Sahidic Bible and names Christ in homilies. Here 'your Lord, your God' is a standard double address (ϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ and ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ) reinforcing divine authority.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ","severity":"info","text":"Sahidic ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ with the definite article (ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ) names God in Christian texts. Here ⲡⲉⲕⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ 'your God' is a possessive form, consistent with monotheistic usage.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"background","lemma":"ⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩⲣⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The angel foretells Mercurius will become a 'courageous martyr' (ⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩⲣⲟⲥ ⲛ̄ ϫⲱⲱⲣⲉ). This aligns with the encomium's hagiographic purpose: Mercurius is celebrated as a military saint martyred under Decius (c. 250 CE).","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The angel's speech shifts from exhortation ('do not turn away') to prophecy ('you will become a courageous martyr'), a common homiletic pattern that frames the martyrdom as both a personal trial and a universal exemplum.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲛ̄ϭⲟⲙⲙⲛ̄ [ⲛ]ⲉϣⲡⲏⲣⲉ","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic phrase is partially corrupt: ⲛ̄ϭⲟⲙⲙⲛ̄ likely stands for ⲛ̄ϭⲟⲙ ⲙⲛ̄ 'the powers and', but the text has a lacuna or scribal error. The English draft reads 'powers and the wonders', which is a plausible restoration.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase 'take first from the fruits' (ϣⲁϥϫⲓ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲕⲁⲣⲡⲟⲥ ⲛ̄ϣⲟⲣⲡ̄) is ambiguous: it may mean Mercurius was first to receive spiritual rewards, or that he was foremost in ascetic practice. The reading taken is the latter, consistent with the preceding passage's emphasis on his purity.","The Coptic ⲛ̄ϭⲟⲙⲙⲛ̄ [ⲛ]ⲉϣⲡⲏⲣⲉ is corrupt; the restoration 'powers and wonders' is conjectural."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[{"kind":"lacuna","severity":"caution","text":"The source is fragmentary here: the edition marks a break or an editorial bracket, and the English carries across it. Treat the bridge as supplied, not translated."}]},{"i":10,"ref":"p10","source":"ⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲉⲩϭⲉⲧ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲕ • ϩⲓ̈ⲧⲙ̄ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲛ̄ ⲁⲛⲟⲙⲟⲥ • ⲙⲛ̄\nⲛ̄ ϩⲉⲛⲛⲟϭ ⲛ̄ⲑⲗⲓⲯⲓⲥ • ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ϩⲩⲡⲟⲙⲟⲛⲏ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲕⲛⲁϫⲓ\nⲙ̄ ⲡⲕ̄ⲗⲟⲙ ⲛ̄ ⲁⲧⲁⲕⲟ • ⲁⲩⲣⲱⲙⲉ ⲛⲓⲙ ⲉⲧ ⲣ̄ ⲡⲙ̄ϣⲁ ⲛ̄\nϫⲱϩ ⲉ ⲡⲉⲕⲥⲱⲙⲁ • ⲉⲛⲁⲧⲟⲩϫⲟϥ • ⲕⲁⲛ ϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲉⲩϩⲛ̄\nⲛ̄ⲁⲛⲁⲅⲕⲏ ⲛⲓⲙ ⲛⲉⲩϩⲛ̄ ⲟⲩ[ⲇⲓ]ⲕⲁⲥⲧⲏⲣⲓⲟⲛ • ⲛⲉⲩϩⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲙⲁ\nⲛ̄ ϫⲁ ⲉ • ⲏ̄ ⲟⲩⲕⲓⲛⲇⲏⲛⲟⲥ ⲛ̄ ⲑⲁⲗⲗⲁⲥⲥⲁ • ⲏ̄ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲓⲉⲣⲟ • ⲏ̄ ϩⲛ̄ ⲟⲩϩⲱϫϩϫ̄ • ⲛⲉϣⲧⲉⲕⲱⲟⲩ • ⲛϥ︦ⲣ︦ ⲡⲙⲉⲉⲩⲉ ⲙ̄\nⲡⲉⲕⲣⲁⲛ • ϩⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲡⲓⲥⲧⲓⲥ • ⲛϥ̄ⲉⲡⲓⲕⲁⲗⲉⲓ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲕ • ϥⲛⲁⲟⲩϫⲁⲓ • ⲡⲉⲧ ⲛⲁⲕⲱⲧ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲧ[ⲟ] | ⲡⲟⲥ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲕⲣⲁⲛ • ⲛϥ̄ϯ\nⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲡⲣⲟ[ⲥ]ⲫⲟⲣⲁ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲕⲣⲁⲛ • ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲕ︦ⲣ︦\nⲡⲙⲉⲉⲩⲉ • ϯⲛⲁ ⲕⲱ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲁ ⲥⲙⲟⲩ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲟⲩϩⲩ ⲛⲟⲩϥⲉ\nⲉϥⲙⲏⲛ ⲉ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲩⲙⲁ ⲛ̄ ϣⲱⲡⲉ • ⲁⲩⲱ ϯⲛⲁⲕⲁⲁⲩ ⲁⲛ ⲉ\nϣⲱⲧ ⲛ̄ ⲗⲁⲁⲩ ϣⲁ ⲉⲛⲉϩ • ⲡⲉⲧ ⲛⲁⲥϩⲁⲓ ⲙ̄ ⲡϫⲱⲱⲙⲉ ⲛ̄\nⲧⲉⲕⲙⲁⲣⲧⲏⲣⲓⲁ • ϯⲛⲁⲡⲱϩ̄ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲭⲉⲓⲣⲟⲅⲣⲁⲫⲟⲛ ⲛ̄\nⲛⲉϥⲛⲟⲃⲉ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥⲁⲁⲩ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ • ϯⲛⲁⲣ ⲡⲉⲩⲙⲉⲉⲩⲉ ⲁⲛ ϣⲁ ⲉⲛⲉϩ • ⲁⲩⲱ ϯⲛⲁⲭⲁⲣⲓⲍⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ ⲛⲁⲕ\nⲛ̄ ϣⲏⲣⲉ • ϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲁ ⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲉⲣⲟ • ⲉⲥ (sic) ϩⲏⲏⲧⲉ ⲁⲓⲭⲁⲣⲓⲍⲉ ⲛⲁⲕ\nⲛ̄ϣⲟⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ ⲛ̄ⲕⲗⲟⲙ • ⲟⲩⲁ ϩⲁ ⲧⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲣⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲟ (sic) • ⲟⲩⲁ\nϩⲁ ⲛ̄ϩⲓⲥⲉ ⲉ ⲧⲉⲕⲛⲁϣⲟⲡⲟⲩ ϩⲁ ⲡⲁ ⲣⲁⲛ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲕⲉ ⲟⲩⲁ\nϩⲁ ⲧⲉⲕⲙⲛ︤ⲧ︥ⲡⲁⲣⲑⲉⲛⲟⲥ • ϫⲣⲟ ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛⲅ̄ ϭⲙ̄ϭⲟⲙ • ϫⲉ\nⲁⲛⲟⲕ ϯϣⲟⲟⲡ ⲛⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲕ • ⲛⲁⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣⲉ ϥϫⲟⲟⲩ ⲛⲁϥ • ⲛ̄ϭⲓ ⲡⲁⲣⲭⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ ⲙⲓⲭⲁⲏⲗ • ⲁϥⲃⲱⲕ ⲉ ϩⲣⲁⲓ ⲉⲙⲡⲏⲩⲉ : ϩⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲉⲟⲟⲩ • ⲛⲉⲧ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϥⲕⲱⲧⲉ ⲇⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣ\nⲟⲩⲛⲁⲩ ⲉ ⲧ|ⲛⲟϭ ⲉⲛⲟⲡⲧⲁⲥⲓⲁ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥϣⲱⲡⲉ • ⲁⲩⲣ̄ ⲑⲉ\nⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲧ ⲙⲟⲟⲩⲧ • ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϥⲣⲁⲥⲧⲉ ⲇⲉ ⲁϥⲟⲩⲉϩⲥⲁϩⲛⲉ •","english":"will be a target for the lawless king and great afflictions. But have endurance, and you will receive the crown of incorruption. What man is worthy to touch your body and save it, even if he is in any necessity? They are in a court, they are in a place of judgment, or a danger of the sea, or on the river, or in a disturbance, they will remember your name in faith, they will call upon you, and they will be saved. He who builds a place in your name will make an offering in your name on the day of the Lord's memorial. I will place my blessing and a continuous grace in their dwelling place, and I will not allow any to be cut off forever. He who writes the book of your martyrdom, I will erase the handwriting of his sins and all that he has done. I will not remember them forever, and I will grant him to you as a son in my kingdom. Behold, I have granted you three crowns: one for wealth, one for the labors you will undergo in my name, and another for your virginity, strength, and power, for I am with you. Now when the archangel Michael sent him, he went up to the heavens in glory. Those around him, when they saw the great event that had happened, became as if dead. But he gave orders to his rest.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲡⲓⲥⲧⲓⲥ","severity":"info","text":"Here ⲡⲓⲥⲧⲓⲥ (Greek πίστις) is rendered 'faith' in the sense of faithful remembrance, not doctrinal assent, as the context is invoking the saint's name.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲥⲙⲟⲩ","severity":"info","text":"ⲥⲙⲟⲩ is used here for divine action: God places a blessing (ⲡⲁⲥⲙⲟⲩ) on the dwelling, consistent with the glossary rule that God blesses a person or place.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲡⲁⲣⲑⲉⲛⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"ⲡⲁⲣⲑⲉⲛⲟⲥ (Greek παρθένος) refers to Mercurius's virginity, a fixed technical sense in Coptic hagiography, not a generic 'young woman'.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲣⲭⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"ⲁⲣⲭⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ is specified as Michael, the archangel who dispatches Mercurius; the rank is fixed in Coptic liturgy.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"external","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The promise of three crowns (wealth, labors, virginity) reflects a common hagiographic motif of divine rewards for martyrdom, paralleling the tripartite blessings in Coptic encomia.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":["Budge 1915"],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲉⲥ","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic ⲉⲥ (line 18) is likely a scribal error for ⲉⲓⲥ (behold), as the context demands an exclamation; the English draft reads 'Behold'.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥⲁⲁⲩ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ (line 15) could refer to 'all that he has done' (sins) or 'all that he has made' (offerings); the context of erasing sins supports the former.","The final clause ⲁϥⲟⲩⲉϩⲥⲁϩⲛⲉ (line 24) is ambiguous: it may mean 'he gave orders' (to his rest) or 'he gave orders' (to those around him); the English draft takes the former."],"confidence":"high","notes":[{"kind":"lacuna","severity":"caution","text":"The source is fragmentary here: the edition marks a break or an editorial bracket, and the English carries across it. Treat the bridge as supplied, not translated."},{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲁⲣⲭⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ","text":"ⲁⲣⲭⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ → “archangel”. Michael, Gabriel, Raphael, Suriel; the rank is fixed in Coptic liturgical usage."},{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲡⲁⲣⲑⲉⲛⲟⲥ","text":"ⲡⲁⲣⲑⲉⲛⲟⲥ → “virgin”. Greek παρθένος. In Marian texts the technical sense is fixed; the non-technical 'young woman' belongs to Greek, not to the Coptic usage."},{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲡⲓⲥⲧⲓⲥ","text":"ⲡⲓⲥⲧⲓⲥ → “faith”. Greek πίστις; 'faithfulness' where the sense is reliability rather than assent."},{"kind":"homonym","severity":"caution","term":"ⲡⲓⲥⲧⲓⲥ","text":"ⲡⲓⲥⲧⲓⲥ carries more than one sense (belief, faithfulness); this passage takes it as “faith”. The choice is the translator's, not a lexical given."}]},{"i":11,"ref":"p11","source":"ⲛ̄ϭⲓ\nⲇⲉⲕⲓⲟⲥ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϥⲥⲧⲣⲁⲧⲉⲩⲙⲁ • ⲉ ⲧⲣⲉ ⲩⲧⲟϣ\nⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩⲙⲉⲣⲟⲛ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲛⲁⲣⲓⲑⲙⲟⲥ • ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣ ⲟⲩϩⲟⲕⲟⲩ ϩⲛ̄\nⲛⲉⲩⲡⲁⲛϩⲟⲡⲗⲓⲁ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲟⲗⲉⲙⲓⲕⲟⲛ • ⲛ̄ⲥⲉ ⲁϩⲉ ⲣⲁⲧⲟⲩ ⲉ\nⲡⲡⲟⲗⲉⲙⲟⲥ ⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲃⲁⲣⲃⲁⲣⲟⲥ • ⲧⲟⲧⲉ ⲡⲉϫⲱⲱⲣⲉ ⲛⲁ ⲙⲉ\nⲡϩⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲙⲉⲣⲕⲟⲩⲣⲓⲟⲥ • ⲁϥϯ ⲡⲉϥⲟⲩⲟⲓ ⲉ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲙⲏⲏϣⲉ\nⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲃⲁⲣⲃⲁⲣⲟⲥ • ⲁϥⲃⲱⲕ ⲉ ϩⲟⲩⲛ ⲉ ⲧⲉⲩⲙⲏⲏⲧⲉ • ϩⲓ\nⲧϭⲟⲙ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲉⲧ ϣⲟⲟⲡ ⲛⲙ̄ⲙⲁϥ • ⲁϥϥⲓ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉϥⲃⲁⲗ ⲉ ϩⲣⲁⲓ ⲉ ⲧⲡⲉ • ⲁϥⲛⲁⲩ ⲉ ⲡⲁⲣⲭⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ\nⲙⲓ̈ⲭⲁⲏⲗ • ⲉϥⲟ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲥⲙⲟⲧ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲥⲧⲣⲁⲧⲱⲡⲉⲧⲁⲣⲭⲟⲥ •","english":"of Decius the king of his army, to assign the regions and numbers, until they were all gathered in their panoplies of war, and they stood ready for battle against the barbarians. Then the brave one, the holy Mercurius, gave his attention to the multitude of barbarians. He went into their midst, with the power of God that was with him. He lifted his eyes up to the sky and saw the archangel Michael in the form of a general.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲧⲡⲉ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic ⲧⲡⲉ is rendered 'sky' here, but in this context it likely denotes the celestial realm, the abode of God and angels, rather than the physical sky.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲡⲁⲣⲭⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ ⲙⲓ̈ⲭⲁⲏⲗ","severity":"info","text":"The archangel Michael appears in the form of a general (ⲥⲧⲣⲁⲧⲱⲡⲉⲧⲁⲣⲭⲟⲥ), a military title that aligns with his role as a warrior angel in Coptic tradition.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"external","lemma":"ⲇⲉⲕⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"Decius (ⲇⲉⲕⲓⲟⲥ) is the Roman emperor Decius (r. 249–251), known for his persecution of Christians. His mention here sets the historical context for the military campaign.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage shifts from the preceding exhortation to a narrative scene: the army of Decius is arrayed, and Mercurius enters the barbarian host, invoking divine power and a vision of Michael.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"sense","kind":"sense","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'with the power of God that was with him' (ϩⲓ ⲧϭⲟⲙ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲉⲧ ϣⲟⲟⲡ ⲛⲙ̄ⲙⲁϥ) underscores Mercurius’s divine backing as he advances alone into the enemy ranks.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The Coptic ⲧⲡⲉ could be read as 'sky' or 'heaven'; the translation 'sky' is retained but the context suggests a celestial vision.","The phrase ⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩⲙⲉⲣⲟⲛ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲛⲁⲣⲓⲑⲙⲟⲥ is ambiguous: it may refer to 'regions and numbers' of troops or to administrative divisions.","The identity of the 'barbarians' (ⲃⲁⲣⲃⲁⲣⲟⲥ) is unspecified; they are likely a generic enemy in the hagiographic narrative."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":12,"ref":"p12","source":"ⲉⲣⲉ ⲟⲩⲥⲏϥ[ⲉ] ⲧⲱⲕⲙ̄ : ϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲉϥϭⲓϫ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲛⲁⲙ • ⲉϥⲥⲟⲟⲩⲧⲛ̄\nⲙⲟⲥ (sic) ⲉ ϩⲟⲩⲛ ⲉ ⲣⲟϥ • ⲉϥϫⲱ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲥ ⲛⲁϥ • ϫⲉ ⲧⲱⲕ\nⲛ̄ ϩⲏⲧ • ⲛⲅ̄ ⲁⲙⲁϩⲧⲉ ⲛ̄ ϯ ⲥⲏϥⲉ • ⲛⲅ̄ ϯ ⲡⲉⲕⲟⲩⲟⲓ ⲉ ϩⲟⲩⲛ :\nⲛ̄ⲃⲁⲣⲃⲁⲣⲟⲥ ⲛⲅ̄ ϭⲉϫϭⲱϫⲟⲩ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲣⲁⲛ ⲙ̄ ⲡ[ⲉ]|ⲭ̄ⲥ ⲡⲁⲓ\nⲉⲧ ϯ ϭⲟⲙ ⲛⲁⲕ • ⲡϩⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲇⲉ ⲙⲉⲣⲕⲟⲩⲣⲓⲟⲥ • ⲁϥⲥⲟⲟⲩⲧⲛ̄\nⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ⲛ̄ⲧⲉϥ[ϭⲓ]ϫ • ⲁϥϫⲓ ⲧⲥⲏϥⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲟⲟⲧϥ̄ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ ⲙⲓⲭⲁⲏⲗ • ⲁϥϯ ⲡⲉϥⲟⲩⲟⲓ ⲉϫⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ ⲙ̄ⲙⲏⲏϣⲉ • ⲛ̄\nⲛ̄ⲃⲁⲣⲃⲁⲣⲟⲥ • ⲁϥϭⲉϫϭⲟϫⲟⲩ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲣⲁⲛ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲭ︦ⲥ • ϩⲛ̄\nⲟⲩⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ ⲁⲧ ϯ ⲥⲟ • ϣⲁⲛϯ ⲧⲉϥϭⲓϫ ⲧⲱϭⲉ ⲉ ϩⲟⲩⲛ ⲉ\nⲧⲥⲏϥⲉ • ϩⲓⲧⲛ̄ ⲧⲁϣⲏ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲓ ⲥⲛⲟϥ ⲉϥⲡⲁⲧⲁⲥⲥⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲃⲁⲣⲃⲁⲣⲟⲥ • ϩⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲛⲟϭ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲗⲩⲡⲉⲓ (?) ⲉⲙⲁⲧⲉ • ⲉⲥⲛⲁϣⲧ̄ ⲙ̄\nⲡⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ [ⲉ]ⲧ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲩ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁ ⲡⲥⲉⲉⲡⲉ ⲡⲱⲧ ⲁⲩⲣⲁⲧⲟⲩⲱⲛϩ̄ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ϩⲱⲥ ⲧⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁ ⲟⲩⲕⲱϩⲧ̄ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲡⲉ • ⲁⲥⲟⲩⲁⲙⲟⲩ • ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣⲉ ϥⲛⲁⲩ ⲉ ⲧⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ϫⲱⲱⲣⲉ • ⲉⲛⲧⲁ ⲡϩⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲙⲉⲣⲕⲟⲩⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲁⲁⲥ • ϩⲓⲧⲛ̄ ⲧϭⲟⲙ ⲙ̄\nⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ • ⲉⲧ ϣⲟⲟⲡ ⲛⲙ̄ⲙⲁϥ • ⲁϥⲣⲁϣⲉ ⲉⲙⲁⲧⲉ ⲉ ⲧⲃⲉ\nⲧⲃⲓⲕⲧⲱⲣⲓⲁ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲡⲉⲓ̈ ϫⲣⲟ ⲛ̄ⲧⲟϥϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲛ̄ⲛⲉϩⲣⲱⲙⲁⲓⲟⲥ • ⲡⲣ̄ⲣⲟ ⲇⲉ ⲁϥⲭⲁⲣⲓⲍⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡϩⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲙⲉⲣⲕⲟⲩⲣⲓⲟⲥ • ⲛ̄ ϩⲉⲛⲛⲟϭ ⲛ̄|ⲧⲁⲓⲟ ⲙⲛ̄ ϩⲉⲛⲭⲣⲏⲙⲁ ⲛⲁϣⲱⲟⲩ • ⲁϥⲁⲛⲓⲛⲟⲩ : ⲁϥⲁⲁϥ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲟϭ ⲉϫⲛ̄ ⲡⲁⲣⲓⲑⲙⲟⲥ ⲛ̄ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩⲥⲓⲟⲛ • ⲁⲥϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲇⲉ ⲙⲛ︦ⲛ︦ⲥⲁ ⲛⲁⲓ • ⲁϥⲟⲩⲉϩⲥⲁϩⲛⲉ ⲛ̄ϭⲓ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲇⲉⲕⲓⲟⲥ • ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲥⲧⲣⲁⲧⲉⲩⲙⲁ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ • ⲙⲛ̄ [ⲛ̄]ⲛⲟⲩⲙⲉⲣⲟⲛ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲁⲣⲓⲑⲙⲟⲥ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲝⲁⲣⲭⲟⲥ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲥⲧⲣⲁⲧⲩⲗⲁⲧⲏⲥ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲁⲧⲣⲓⲕⲓⲟⲥ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲧⲥⲩⲛⲕⲗⲏⲧⲟⲥ ⲧⲏⲣⲥ̄ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉϩⲣⲱⲙⲁⲓⲟⲥ • ⲉ ⲧⲣⲉ ⲩⲥⲱⲟⲩϩ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ •","english":"A sword was drawn in his right hand, stretched out toward his face, saying to him, \"Take heart. Take hold of this sword. Turn your face toward the barbarians. Trample them in the name of Christ, who gives you strength.\" Then the holy Mercurius stretched out his hand, took the sword from the hand of the angel Michael, turned his face toward the multitudes of the barbarians, and trampled them in the name of Christ, with great courage, until his hand grew weary from the sword, by the swiftness of this bloodshed, striking the barbarians with great slaughter, exceedingly. The day was grievous there. And the ranks fled and scattered, as if fire had burst forth from the sky and consumed them. The king, when he saw the great might that the holy Mercurius had accomplished through the power of God that was with him, rejoiced greatly over the victory and this triumph that had come to the Romans. The king then honored the holy Mercurius with great dignities and abundant riches. He brought them and made him great over the number of the martyrs. But after these things, King Decius gave orders to all his armies, and to the legions, and the numbers, and the commanders, and the generals, and the patricians, and the entire senate of the Romans, that they all assemble.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲥⲏϥⲉ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic ⲥⲏϥⲉ (sword) is the central weapon in this passage, symbolizing divine authority. The angel Michael hands it to Mercurius, marking a transfer of heavenly power.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"ⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ (angel) here refers to the archangel Michael, a divine messenger. The term is used consistently in this corpus for celestial beings, not human envoys.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ","severity":"info","text":"ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ (God) with the definite article names the Christian God, as in the phrase 'the power of God that was with him' (ⲧϭⲟⲙ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ).","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲇⲉⲕⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"King Decius (ⲇⲉⲕⲓⲟⲥ) is the Roman emperor Decius (r. 249–251), known for persecuting Christians. His orders to assemble the army set the stage for Mercurius' martyrdom.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage shifts from battle narrative to royal decree, marking a transition. The king's honor of Mercurius is followed by Decius' command, foreshadowing conflict.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲗⲩⲡⲉⲓ","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic ⲡⲗⲩⲡⲉⲓ (?) is uncertain; it may be a corruption of ⲡⲗⲏⲅⲏ (blow) or ⲡⲗⲩⲡⲉⲓ (grief). The English draft reads 'slaughter', but the text is ambiguous.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The word ⲡⲗⲩⲡⲉⲓ is unclear; it may be a scribal error for ⲡⲗⲏⲅⲏ (blow) or ⲡⲗⲩⲡⲉⲓ (grief). The reading 'slaughter' is interpretive.","The phrase ⲉⲣⲉ ⲟⲩⲥⲏϥ[ⲉ] ⲧⲱⲕⲙ̄ could be read as 'a sword was drawn' or 'a sword is drawn'; the tense is ambiguous."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[{"kind":"lacuna","severity":"caution","text":"The source is fragmentary here: the edition marks a break or an editorial bracket, and the English carries across it. Treat the bridge as supplied, not translated."}]},{"i":13,"ref":"p13","source":"ⲉ ⲡⲣ̄ⲡⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲁⲡⲱⲗⲗⲱⲛ • ⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲑⲩⲥⲓⲁⲍⲉ • ⲧⲟⲧⲉ ⲡⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲙⲉⲣⲕⲟⲩⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣ ⲉϥⲛⲁⲩ • ⲉ ⲧⲛⲟϭ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲗⲁⲛⲏ\nⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥⲁⲙⲁϩⲧⲉ • ⲉϫⲙ̄ ⲡⲣ︤ⲣ︥ⲟ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲡⲉⲥⲧⲣⲁⲧⲉⲩⲙⲁ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ\nϩⲓⲧⲙ̄ ⲡⲇⲓⲁⲃⲟⲗⲟⲥ • ⲁϥⲥⲁϩⲱⲱϥ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲟⲩ • ⲁϥⲃⲱⲕ ⲉ ϩⲟⲩⲛ : ⲉ ⲡⲉϥⲏⲓ • ⲁϥⲥⲟⲡⲥ̄ ⲙ̄ ⲡϫⲥ̄ ⲉϥϫⲱ\nⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲥ • ϫⲉ ⲡϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ ⲡⲁⲛⲧⲱⲕⲣⲁⲧⲱⲣ • ⲡⲉⲓⲱⲧ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲛϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ ⲓ︤ⲥ︥ ⲡⲉⲭⲥ̄ • ϣⲛ̄ ϩⲧⲏⲕ ⲉϫⲙ̄ ⲡⲕ̄ⲡⲗⲁⲥⲙⲁ ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲕⲧⲁⲙⲓⲟϥ • ⲛⲅ̄ ϫⲱⲱⲣⲉ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉ[ⲥ]|ⲕⲁⲛⲧⲁⲗⲟⲛ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲁ\nⲡⲇⲓⲁⲃⲟⲗⲟⲥ ⲛⲟϫϥ̄ ⲉ ⲡϩⲏⲧ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲣⲱⲙⲉ ⲧⲏⲣⲥ̄ • ⲛⲅ̄","english":"The temple of Apollo, they sacrifice. Then the blessed Mercurius, when he saw the great deception that had seized the king and his army from without through the devil, he withdrew himself from them and went into his house. He besought the Lord, saying, \"Lord Pantocrator, Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, incline your heart toward the creation which you fashioned. Drive out the scandal that the devil has cast into the heart of all humanity.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲣ̄ⲡⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲁⲡⲱⲗⲗⲱⲛ","severity":"info","text":"The temple of Apollo is a standard setting in hagiography for pagan sacrifice, contrasting with Christian martyrdom.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲡⲇⲓⲁⲃⲟⲗⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The devil (Greek διάβολος) is the personified adversary; here he deceives the king and army from without.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲡϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ","severity":"info","text":"Lord (ⲡϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ) renders the divine title; Mercurius addresses Christ as Pantocrator and Father of Jesus.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲁⲛⲧⲱⲕⲣⲁⲧⲱⲣ","severity":"info","text":"Pantocrator (παντοκράτωρ) is a divine epithet common in Coptic liturgy, echoing New Testament usage (e.g., 2 Cor 6:18).","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage shifts from external action (temple, sacrifice) to interior prayer, marking a narrative pause for Mercurius's plea.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲉ[ⲥ]|ⲕⲁⲛⲧⲁⲗⲟⲛ","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic text has a lacuna or uncertain reading: ⲡⲉ[ⲥ]|ⲕⲁⲛⲧⲁⲗⲟⲛ. The English renders 'scandal', but the exact word is unclear.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase ⲡⲉ[ⲥ]|ⲕⲁⲛⲧⲁⲗⲟⲛ is partially reconstructed; the intended Greek loanword may be σκάνδαλον (scandal) or a variant.","The subject of ⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲑⲩⲥⲓⲁⲍⲉ (they sacrifice) is unspecified; likely the pagans at the temple."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[{"kind":"lacuna","severity":"caution","text":"The source is fragmentary here: the edition marks a break or an editorial bracket, and the English carries across it. Treat the bridge as supplied, not translated."},{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲇⲓⲁⲃⲟⲗⲟⲥ","text":"ⲇⲓⲁⲃⲟⲗⲟⲥ → “devil”. Greek διάβολος; the personified adversary in hagiography. 'Slanderer' is the etymological sense and is not used in this corpus."}]},{"i":14,"ref":"p14","source":"ϯ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲥⲙⲓⲛⲉ ⲉ ⲡϩⲏⲧ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲗⲁⲟⲥ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲉⲧ ⲣ̄ ϩⲟⲧⲉ\nϩⲏⲧϥ̄ • ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲕⲣⲁⲛ ⲉⲧ ⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ • ⲡϫⲟ̄ⲉⲓⲥ ⲛⲅ̄ ϯ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲧⲁϫⲣⲟ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲕⲉⲕⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ • ϫⲉ ⲕⲁⲥ ⲉⲣⲉ ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲛⲓⲙ\nⲉ ⲡⲓⲥⲧⲉⲩⲉ ⲉ ⲡⲉⲕⲣⲁⲛ ⲉⲧ ⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ • ⲡⲉⲟⲟⲩ ⲛⲁⲕ ⲙⲛ̄\nⲡⲉⲕⲉⲓⲱⲧ ⲛ̄ ⲁⲅⲁⲑⲱⲥ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲡⲉⲡⲛ̄ⲁ ⲉⲧ ⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ • ϣⲁ\nⲉⲛⲉϩ ⲉⲛⲉϩ ϩⲁⲙⲏⲛ • ⲁⲥϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣⲉ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲉⲓ ⲉⲣⲙ̄\n[ⲡⲣ̄ⲟ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲣ̄ⲡⲉ • ⲁ ⲡⲉⲥⲧⲣⲁⲧⲉⲩⲙⲁ ⲧⲏⲣϥ̄ ⲥⲱⲟⲩϩ ⲉ\nϩⲟⲩⲛ • ⲉ ⲧⲣⲉ ⲩⲑⲩⲥⲓⲁⲍⲉ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ • ⲡⲟⲩⲁ ⲡⲟⲩⲁ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ\nⲡⲉϥⲧⲁⲅⲙⲁ • ⲁ ⲡⲟⲣⲇⲓⲛⲟⲛ ⲙ̄ ⲡϩⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲙⲉⲣⲕⲟⲩⲣⲓⲟⲥ\nⲧⲁϩⲟϥ ϩⲱⲱϥ • ⲉ ⲧⲣⲉ ϥⲑⲩⲥⲓⲁⲍⲉ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲙ̄ⲡ ⲟⲩϩⲉ ⲉ ⲣⲟϥ\nϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲙⲏⲏⲧⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲥⲧⲣⲁⲧⲉⲩⲙⲁ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣⲉ ⲡⲣ︤ⲣ︥ⲟ\nϣⲓⲛⲉ ⲛ̄ⲥⲱϥ • ⲁϥϩⲉ ⲉ ⲣⲟϥ ⲉϥϩⲙⲟⲟⲥ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϥⲏⲓ • ϩⲛ̄\nⲟⲩϭⲟⲟⲩⲛⲉ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲕⲣ̄ⲙⲥ̄ • ⲉϥⲣ̄ ϩⲏⲃⲉ ⲉⲙⲁⲧⲉ • ⲉϫⲙ̄\nⲡⲛⲟϭ ⲛ̄ ⲥⲭⲓⲥⲙⲁ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥϣⲱ|ⲡⲉ ⲉ ϩⲣⲁⲓ • ⲉϫⲛ̄ ⲧⲟⲓⲕⲟⲩⲙⲉⲛⲏ ⲧⲏⲣⲥ̄ • ϩⲓⲧⲙ̄ ⲡⲇⲓⲁⲃⲟⲗⲟⲥ • ⲧⲟⲧⲉ ⲁⲩϯ ⲡⲉⲩⲟⲩⲟⲓ\nⲉ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ⲛ̄ϭⲓ ϩⲟⲓⲛⲉ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡϥ̄ⲁⲣⲓⲑⲙⲟⲥ • ⲁⲩⲧⲉϣ ⲧⲟⲩⲏⲧ\nⲙ̄ ⲡⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲙⲉⲣⲕⲟⲩⲣⲓⲟⲥ • ⲉⲩϫⲱ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲡⲉⲛϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ ⲡⲣ︤ⲣ︥ⲟ • ⲱⲛϩ̄ ϣⲁ ⲉⲛⲉϩ • ⲉ ⲡⲉⲕⲁⲙⲁϩⲧⲉ ⲉⲧ ⲧⲁⲓⲏⲩ • ⲟⲩⲉϩⲥⲁϩⲛⲉ ⲛ̄ⲅⲉⲛⲟⲥ ⲛⲓⲙ ⲛ̄ⲣⲱⲙⲉ • ⲉ ⲑⲩⲥⲓⲁⲍⲉ ⲛ̄\nⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲉⲧ ⲧⲁⲉⲓⲏⲩ • ⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩ ϭⲉ ⲉⲥ (sic) ϩⲏⲏⲧⲉ • ⲉⲥ ⲛⲉⲧ\nϩⲏⲛ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲕ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛⲉⲧ ⲧⲏϭ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲕ • ⲥⲉⲕⲁⲧⲁⲫⲣⲟⲛⲏ ⲙ̄\nⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲡⲣⲟⲥⲧⲁⲅⲙⲁ ⲉⲧⲁⲓⲏⲩ • ⲙⲉⲣⲕⲟⲩⲣⲓⲟⲥ ϭⲉ ⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩ • ⲡⲉⲧⲁⲙⲁϩⲧⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲕⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲉⲣⲟ • ⲁⲕϫⲁⲥⲧϥ̄ ⲁⲕⲭⲁⲣⲓⲍⲉ ⲛⲁϥ • ⲙ̄ ⲡⲁⲝⲓⲱⲙⲁ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲕⲟⲙⲉⲥ • ⲉϫⲙ̄ ⲡⲁⲣⲓⲑⲙⲟⲥ • ϩⲱⲥ\nⲇⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣⲉ ⲡⲉⲥⲧⲣⲁⲧⲉⲩⲙⲁ ⲧⲏⲣϥ̄ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉϩⲣⲱⲙⲁⲓⲟⲥ • ⲥⲱⲧⲙ̄ ⲛ̄ⲥⲱϥ •","english":"I give a sign to the heart of the people, and to everyone who fears before him, of your holy name. Lord, you give a strengthening to your churches, so that everyone may believe in your holy name. Glory to you and to your good father and to the holy spirit, forever and ever, amen. It happened when the king came to the door of the temple. His entire army gathered together to sacrifice, each one according to his rank. The order of the holy Mercurius also took its place to sacrifice. And he was not found in the midst of the army. And when the king sought after him, he found him sitting in his house, in mourning and weeping, greatly troubled over the great schism that had occurred in the whole world through the devil. Then some of his courtiers gave their testimony to the king. They slandered the blessed Mercurius, saying, \"Our lord the king, may you live forever, your honored command, you ordered all kinds of men to sacrifice to the honored gods. Now behold, those who are near to you and those who are far from you, they despise your honored decree. Mercurius now, your command of your kingship, you have exalted him, you have granted him the rank of count over the court. But when the entire army of the Romans heard him,","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲇⲓⲁⲃⲟⲗⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The term ⲇⲓⲁⲃⲟⲗⲟⲥ (devil) appears in the phrase 'through the devil' (ϩⲓⲧⲙ̄ ⲡⲇⲓⲁⲃⲟⲗⲟⲥ), identifying the agent of the schism. In hagiography, this figure is the personified adversary, not a generic slanderer.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ","severity":"info","text":"The plural ⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ (gods) in the courtiers' speech refers to pagan deities, contrasting with the singular ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ (God) used elsewhere in the encomium for the Christian God.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"ⲡϩⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲙⲉⲣⲕⲟⲩⲣⲓⲟⲥ (the holy Mercurius) uses the adjective ⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ with the article to designate the saint, a standard hagiographic formula.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"background","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The rank of count (ⲕⲟⲙⲉⲥ, from Latin comes) was a high imperial office in the later Roman Empire. The courtiers' accusation that Mercurius was granted this rank and then defied the king reflects tensions between Christian officers and pagan imperial cult.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage transitions from a doxological prayer (ending with ⲁⲙⲏⲛ) to a narrative section marked by ⲁⲥϣⲱⲡⲉ (it happened when). The narrative recounts the king's arrival at the temple and the army's gathering for sacrifice, setting up the conflict with Mercurius.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic phrase ⲉⲥ (sic) ϩⲏⲏⲧⲉ appears corrupt; the expected form is ⲉⲓⲥ ϩⲏⲏⲧⲉ (behold). The scribal error may reflect a misreading or haplography. The translation 'now behold' follows the intended sense.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥϣⲱ|ⲡⲉ (line break) could be read as ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥϣⲱⲡⲉ (that had occurred) or as a scribal division; the sense is clear.","The subject of ⲁⲩϯ ⲡⲉⲩⲟⲩⲟⲓ (they gave their testimony) is ambiguous: it may be 'some of his courtiers' (ϩⲟⲓⲛⲉ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡϥ̄ⲁⲣⲓⲑⲙⲟⲥ) or an unspecified group; the translation takes the former."],"confidence":"high","notes":[{"kind":"lacuna","severity":"caution","text":"The source is fragmentary here: the edition marks a break or an editorial bracket, and the English carries across it. Treat the bridge as supplied, not translated."}]},{"i":15,"ref":"p15","source":"ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛ̄ⲥⲉϯ ⲉⲟⲟⲩ ⲛⲁϥ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛ̄ⲥⲉϩⲩⲡⲟⲧⲁⲥⲉ ⲛⲁϥ • ⲉ ⲧⲃⲉ ⲧⲛⲟϭ ⲛ̄ | ϯⲙⲏ ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲕ ⲧⲁⲁⲁⲥ\nⲛⲁϥ • ⲉⲥ (sic) ϩⲏⲏⲧⲉ ⲉϥⲕⲁⲧⲁⲫⲣⲟⲛⲉⲓ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲕⲁⲙⲁϩⲧⲉ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲙ̄ⲡ ⲉϥⲥⲱⲟⲩϩ ⲛⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲛ ⲉ ⲡⲣ̄ⲡⲉ • ⲉ ⲧⲁⲗⲉ ⲑⲩⲥⲓⲁ\nⲉ ϩⲣⲁⲓ • ⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ • ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ⲁϥⲃⲱⲕ ⲉ ⲡⲉϥⲓⲏ (sic) ⲁϥⲕⲁϥ\nⲕⲁ ϩⲏⲩ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϥⲁⲝⲓⲱⲙⲁ • ⲁϥϯ ϣⲓⲡⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲟⲟⲩ ⲛ̄\nⲛⲉϩⲣⲱⲙⲁⲓⲟⲥ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁϥϯ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲧⲱⲗⲙ̄ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲟⲙⲟⲥ ⲉⲧ\nⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ • ⲁⲛϩⲉ ⲉ ⲣⲟϥ ⲛ̄ ϩⲟⲩⲛ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϥⲏⲓ • ⲉϥϩⲙⲟⲟⲥ\nϩⲛ̄ ⲟⲩϭⲟⲟⲛⲉ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲕⲣ̄ⲙⲥ̄ • ⲉϥϣⲗⲏⲗ ⲉ ϩⲣⲁⲓ ⲉ ⲡϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ","english":"and they give glory to him, and they submit to him, because of the great honor that you have given to him. But behold, he despises your commandment, and he did not gather with us in the temple to offer sacrifice to the gods, but he went to his house, he abandoned his rank, he disgraced the glory of the Romans, and he violated the sacred laws. He shut himself inside his house, sitting in a corner with ashes, praying to the Lord.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ","severity":"info","text":"The plural ⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ (gods) without the definite article signals pagan deities, contrasting with the Christian God (ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ).","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ϣⲗⲏⲗ","severity":"info","text":"ⲉϥϣⲗⲏⲗ (praying) is the standard Coptic Christian term for prayer, here directed to the Lord (ⲡϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ), i.e., Christ.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"external","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The description of the saint sitting in a corner with ashes (ϩⲛ̄ ⲟⲩϭⲟⲟⲛⲉ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲕⲣ̄ⲙⲥ̄) evokes the ascetic practice of penance and mourning, common in Coptic hagiography.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The passage shifts from collective praise (ⲛ̄ⲥⲉϯ ⲉⲟⲟⲩ) to a narrative of individual defiance, marked by the adversative ⲁⲗⲗⲁ (but).","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲉⲥ","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic ⲉⲥ (sic) is likely a scribal error for ⲉⲓⲥ (behold), as the English draft reads 'behold'. The text is otherwise clear.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase ⲁϥⲃⲱⲕ ⲉ ⲡⲉϥⲓⲏ (he went to his house) is ambiguous: ⲓⲏ may be a variant spelling of ⲏⲓ (house) or a scribal error; the reading 'house' is adopted."],"confidence":"high","notes":[{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ϣⲗⲏⲗ","text":"ϣⲗⲏⲗ → “pray”. Standard rendering; first occurrence is noted here, the term recurs below."}]},{"i":16,"ref":"p16","source":"ⲡⲉϥⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ • ϩⲛ̄ ϩⲉⲛⲣⲙ̄ⲉⲓⲟⲟⲩⲉ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲉϥⲡⲓⲑⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲟⲛ\nⲛⲓⲙ • ⲉ ⲕⲧⲟⲟⲩ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ⲛ̄ ⲡϣⲙ̄ϣⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ • ⲁϥⲧⲣⲩ̄ⲟⲩⲁϩⲟⲩ ⲛ̄ⲥⲁ ⲓ︦ⲥ︦ ⲡⲛⲁⲍⲱⲣⲁⲓⲟⲥ • ⲡⲉⲛⲧⲁⲩⲥ̄⳨ⲟ︦ⲩ︦ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ • ⲉϥϫⲱ ⲙ̄ⲥ • ϫⲉ ⲡⲁⲓ ⲡⲉ ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲟϥ ⲧⲁⲙⲓⲟ\nⲛ̄ ⲧⲡⲉ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲡⲕⲁϩ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲓ ϩⲉ • ⲁϥⲧⲣⲉ ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲛⲓⲙ\nⲥⲁϩⲱⲟⲩ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ • ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲇⲉ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲧⲧⲁⲩⲟ ⲛⲓ ϣⲁϫⲉ • ⲉϥϫⲱ ⲙⲟⲥ ⲛⲁⲩ • ϫⲉ ϩⲉⲛⲙⲉ ⲛⲉ ⲛⲓ\nϣⲁ|ϫⲉ ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲱ ⲙⲟⲟⲩ ⲛⲁⲓ • ⲉ ⲧⲃⲉ ⲙⲉⲣⲕⲟⲩⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲡⲉⲧⲏϭ (sic) ⲉ ⲣⲟⲓ • ϫⲉ ⲉϥⲕⲁⲧⲁⲫⲣⲟⲛⲉⲓ ⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ-ⲡⲗⲏⲛ\nⲙⲁⲣⲉ ⲥⲛⲁⲩ ⲛ̄ⲛⲟϭ ⲉⲧ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲓ ⲙⲁ • ⲃⲱⲕ ⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲙⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲉ\nⲣⲟϥ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲓⲉⲓⲙⲉ ϫⲉ ϩⲉⲛⲙⲉ ⲛⲉ ⲛⲓ ϣⲁϫⲉ • ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲱ\nⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲟⲩ ⲛⲁⲓ • ⲉ ⲧⲃⲏⲏⲧϥ̄ ϫⲓ̈ⲛ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲛ • ⲧⲟⲧⲉ ⲡⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲙⲉⲣⲕⲟⲩⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲁⲩⲉⲓⲛⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ ⲉ ⲣⲁⲧϥ̄ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ\nⲇⲉⲕⲓⲟⲥ • ⲉⲣⲉ ⲛⲉϥⲃⲁⲗ ⲙⲉϩ ⲙⲉⲣⲉⲓⲏ(sic) : ⲉⲣⲉ ⲟⲩϩⲃ̄ⲥⲱ\nⲛⲑⲃ̄ⲃⲓⲟ ⲧⲱ ϩⲓⲱⲱϥ • ⲁⲩⲧⲁϩⲟϥ ⲉ ⲣⲁⲧϥ̄ • ϩⲓⲑⲏ ⲙ̄\nⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣⲉ ϥⲛⲁⲩ ⲇⲉ ⲉ ⲣⲟϥ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲥⲭⲏⲙⲁ • ⲉⲧ\nⲑⲃ̄ⲃⲓⲏⲩ • ⲁϥⲕⲓⲙ ⲛ̄ⲧⲉϥⲁⲡⲉ • ⲉϥⲁⲡⲟⲣⲉⲓ ⲉϫⲙ̄ ⲡⲉ ⲛⲧⲟϥϣⲱⲡⲉ • ⲉⲓⲧⲁ ⲁϥϣⲁϫⲉ ⲛⲙ̄ⲙⲁϥ ⲉϥϫⲱ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲥ • ϫⲉ\nⲙⲉⲣⲕⲟⲩⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲁϫⲓⲥ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲓ • ϫⲉ ⲟⲩ ⲡⲉⲛⲧⲟϥϣⲱⲡⲉ\nⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲕ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲉ ⲧⲃⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲗⲟⲓϭⲉ • ⲁⲕⲕⲁⲧⲁⲫⲣⲟⲛⲉⲓ ⲙ̄\nⲡⲉⲓ ⲛⲟϭ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲁⲓⲟ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲡⲁⲝⲓⲱⲙⲁ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲓⲧⲁⲁϥ ⲛⲁⲕ • ⲁⲓⲁⲁⲕ ⲛ̄ ⲙ̄ⲡϣⲁ • ⲉ ϯ ⲡⲣⲟⲛⲓⲁ ⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ • ⲁⲩⲱ\nⲡⲁⲝⲓⲱⲙⲁ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲓⲧⲁⲁϥ ⲛⲁⲕ • ⲡⲁⲣⲁ ⲡⲕⲉ ⲥⲉⲉⲡⲉ | ⲙ̄\nⲡⲉⲥⲧⲣⲁⲧⲉⲩⲙⲁ ⲧⲏⲣϥ̄ • ⲁⲕⲟⲡϥ̄ ⲉⲩⲗⲁⲁⲩ • ⲗⲟⲓⲡⲟⲛ • ⲙⲁⲧⲁⲙⲟⲓ ⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩ ϫⲉ ⲧⲁ ⲧⲉⲓ ⲡⲗⲁⲛⲏ ϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲕ • ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲓ ⲧⲱⲛ •","english":"His God, in the tombs, and he persuades everyone to turn away from the worship of the gods. He made them follow Jesus the Nazarene, the one who was crucified, saying, \"This is the God who himself created the heaven and the earth.\" And in this way, he caused everyone to turn away from the gods. The king then said to those who spoke these words, saying, \"Are these words true that you are saying to me concerning Mercurius, who is set over me, that he despises our gods? Nevertheless, let two great men of this place go and call him, so that I may know if these words that you are saying to me concerning him are true or not.\" Then the blessed Mercurius was brought before the feet of the king Decius, his eyes filled with tears, a garment of shame upon him. He was made to stand before the king. When he saw him in this humble appearance, he shook his head, perplexed at what had happened to him. Then he spoke with him, saying, \"Mercurius, tell me what has happened to you, and for what reason have you despised this great honor and the rank that I gave you? I made you worthy of the providence of God and the rank that I gave you above all the rest of the army. You have hidden it from everyone. So now tell me, from where did this error come upon you?","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲉϥⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'his God' (ⲡⲉϥⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ) uses the definite article with the possessive prefix, referring to the Christian God as Mercurius's deity, contrasting with the plural 'gods' (ⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ) of the pagans.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲁⲓ ⲡⲉ ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲟϥ ⲧⲁⲙⲓⲟ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲡⲉ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲡⲕⲁϩ","severity":"info","text":"This echoes the biblical creation formula (cf. Genesis 1:1) but attributes creation to Jesus, aligning with Christological claims in Coptic homilies.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲇⲉⲕⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"King Decius (Roman emperor 249–251 CE) is portrayed as a persecutor of Christians; his presence here situates the narrative in the Decian persecution, a common backdrop in Coptic martyrdom accounts.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲧⲟⲧⲉ ⲡⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲙⲉⲣⲕⲟⲩⲣⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'then the blessed Mercurius' marks a narrative shift from accusation to confrontation, introducing the saint's appearance before the king and the ensuing dialogue.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲉⲧⲏϭ (sic)","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic ⲡⲉⲧⲏϭ is likely a scribal error or variant for ⲡⲉⲧϩⲓⲧⲏϭ 'who is set over me'; the edition marks it with (sic), indicating uncertainty in the manuscript reading.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲟⲩϩⲃ̄ⲥⲱ ⲛⲑⲃ̄ⲃⲓⲟ","severity":"info","text":"The 'garment of shame' (ⲟⲩϩⲃ̄ⲥⲱ ⲛⲑⲃ̄ⲃⲓⲟ) is a motif in Coptic martyrdom literature, symbolizing the saint's humility and rejection of worldly honor, contrasting with the king's accusation of despising rank.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase ⲡⲉⲧⲏϭ (sic) is ambiguous; it may be a corruption of ⲡⲉⲧϩⲓⲧⲏϭ 'who is set over me' or a proper name. The reading follows the edition's gloss.","The clause ⲁⲕⲟⲡϥ̄ ⲉⲩⲗⲁⲁⲩ is ambiguous: 'you have hidden it from everyone' or 'you have made it nothing'; the translation opts for the former, consistent with the king's accusation of concealment."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":17,"ref":"p17","source":"ⲁ ⲡⲉⲥⲧⲣⲁⲧⲉⲩⲙⲁ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉϩⲣⲱⲙⲁⲓⲟⲥ • ⲥⲱⲟⲩϩ ⲉ ϩⲟⲩⲛ ⲉ ⲡⲣ̄ⲡⲉ • ⲉ ⲧⲣⲉ ⲩⲑⲩⲥⲓⲁ ⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ\nⲛⲇⲓⲕⲁⲓⲟⲛ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲕ ⲇⲉ ⲙⲁⲩⲁⲁⲕ • ⲡⲉⲛⲧ ⲁⲕⲡⲟⲣϫⲕ̄\nⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲁⲣⲓⲑⲙⲟⲥ • ⲡⲗⲏⲛ ⲁϫⲓⲥ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲓ • ϫⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲕ̄ ⲟⲩ\nⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ ⲁϣ ⲛ̄ ⲭⲱⲣⲁ • ⲏ̄ ϫⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁ ⲛⲉⲕⲉⲓⲟⲧⲉ\nⲙⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲕ • ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲓ ⲣⲁⲛ • ⲁϥⲟⲩⲱϣⲃ̄ ⲛ̄ϭⲓ ⲡⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲙⲉⲣⲕⲟⲩⲣⲓⲟⲥ • ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ϫⲉ ⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱϣ\nⲉ ⲉⲓⲙⲉ ϫⲉ ⲁⲛⲅ̄ ⲟⲩ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲛ̄ • ⲛ̄ ⲁϣ ⲛ̄ ⲑⲣⲏⲥⲕⲓⲁ • ⲥⲱⲧⲙ̄ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲁ ⲅⲉⲛⲟⲥ • ⲁⲛⲅ̄ ⲟⲩ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲕⲁⲡⲡⲁⲇⲟⲕⲓⲁ • ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲓ ⲕⲟⲥⲙⲟⲥ • ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲧⲙⲉ ⲇⲉ ⲁⲛⲅ̄ ⲟⲩ\nⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲛ̄ ⲑⲓ︦ⲉ︦ⲗⲏ︦ⲙ︦ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲡⲉ • ⲧⲙⲏⲧⲣⲟⲡⲟⲗⲓⲥ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲧ\nⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲡⲁ ⲣⲁⲛ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁ ⲛⲉⲓⲟⲧⲉ ⲧⲁϥ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲓ ⲛ̄ϣⲟⲣⲡ̄ ⲡⲉ • ⲫⲓⲗⲟⲡⲁⲧⲱⲣ • ⲉⲧⲉ ⲡϥ̄|ⲟⲩⲱϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲉ ⲡⲙⲁⲓ\nⲡϥ̄ⲉⲓⲱⲧ • ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣⲉ ⲣ̄ ⲙⲁⲧⲟⲓ ⲇⲉ • ⲁⲩⲙⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲓ\nⲙⲉⲣⲕⲟⲩⲣⲓⲟⲥ • ϩⲓⲧⲙ̄ ⲡⲉ ⲡⲣⲏⲙⲓⲕⲓⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲁⲣⲓⲑⲙⲟⲥ • ⲁⲛⲅ̄ ⲟⲩ ⲡϩⲙ̄ϩⲁⲗ ⲛ̄ ⲛ︦ⲓ︦ⲥ ⲡⲉⲭ︦ⲥ ⲡⲁ ϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ • ⲡϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲙ̄\nⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲉⲧ ⲟⲛϩ̄ • ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲇⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣⲉ ϥⲥⲱⲧⲙ̄ ⲉ ⲛⲁⲓ • ⲁϥⲱⲛϣ̄ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲛⲟϭ ⲛ̄ ⲁⲡⲣⲏⲧⲉ • ⲁϥⲕⲓⲙ ⲛ̄\nⲧⲉϥⲁⲡⲉ • ⲉϥϫⲱ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲙⲉⲣⲕⲟⲩⲣⲓⲟⲥ • ⲕⲱ ⲛ̄ⲥⲱⲕ\nⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲓ ⲁⲡⲉⲓⲗⲏ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲓ ⲙⲁⲛⲓⲁ • ⲛⲅ̄ϯ ⲡⲉⲕⲟⲩⲟⲓ ⲉ\nϩⲟⲩⲛ ⲉ ⲡⲣ̄ⲡⲉ • ⲛⲅ̄ ⲑⲩⲥⲓⲁⲍⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲛⲟϭ ⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲡⲁⲡⲱⲗⲗⲱⲛ • ⲛⲅ̄ ⲃⲱⲕ ⲉ ⲡⲉⲕⲁⲣⲓⲑⲙⲟⲥ • ⲉ ⲡⲙⲁ ⲛ̄ⲛⲉϣⲃⲏⲣ\nⲉⲙⲙⲁⲧⲟⲓ • ⲛⲅ̄ ϫⲓ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲕⲁⲝⲓⲱⲙⲁ ⲛ̄ⲑⲉ ⲛ̄ϣⲟⲣⲡ̄ • ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛ̄ϭⲓ ⲡⲡⲉⲧ ⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ ⲙⲉⲣⲕⲟⲩⲣⲓⲟⲥ • ⲛⲁϩⲣⲙ̄ ⲙ̄\nⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲛ̄ ⲁⲛⲟⲙⲟⲥ • ϫⲉ ⲙⲁⲣⲉ ⲡⲁⲓ̈ ϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲛϩ̄\nⲛⲁⲕ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ⲱ̄ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲛ̄ ⲁⲛⲟⲙⲟⲥ •","english":"The army of the Romans gathered together in the temple to offer sacrifice to the gods of the just. But you alone, you are the one who separated yourself from the number. Yet tell me, what are you from which region? Or by what name did your parents call you? The blessed Mercurius answered, saying to the king, \"If you wish to know from which religion I am, listen to my lineage. I am from the Cappadocia in this world. But in truth, I am from the heavenly Jerusalem, the metropolis of the saints. And the name my parents first gave me was Philopator, which means 'lover of his father.' When I became a soldier, however, they called me Mercurius by the recruitment of the number. I am a servant of Jesus Christ, my Lord, the Son of the living God.\" When the king heard these things, he burst out with great anger, shook his head, saying, \"Mercurius, abandon this threat and this madness. Submit your mind to the temple, sacrifice to the great god Apollo, go to your number, to the place of your fellow soldiers, and take your former rank.\" The holy Mercurius said before the lawless king, \"Let this be revealed to you, O lawless king.","structure":"dialogue","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ","severity":"info","text":"In the phrase ⲙ̄ ⲡⲛⲟϭ ⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲡⲁⲡⲱⲗⲗⲱⲛ, ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ without the definite article refers to Apollo as a god, not the Christian God. The glossary notes that without the article it means 'a god' or 'the divine'.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ","severity":"info","text":"Mercurius calls Christ ⲡⲁ ϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ 'my Lord', using the term that in homilies names Christ. The glossary notes that in Christian texts it renders Yahweh or names Christ, while 'master' is the everyday sense.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲧⲡⲉ","severity":"info","text":"In ⲑⲓⲉⲗⲏⲙ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲡⲉ 'heavenly Jerusalem', ⲧⲡⲉ is the abode of God, not the sky. The glossary specifies that 'sky' is only used in strictly cosmological passages, which are rare here.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"background","lemma":"ⲕⲁⲡⲡⲁⲇⲟⲕⲓⲁ","severity":"info","text":"Cappadocia was a Roman province in Asia Minor, a region known for early Christian communities. Mercurius claims earthly origin there, contrasting with his heavenly Jerusalem, a common hagiographic topos.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"background","lemma":"ⲫⲓⲗⲟⲡⲁⲧⲱⲣ","severity":"info","text":"The name Philopator, meaning 'lover of his father', is Greek. The text glosses it in Coptic as ⲡⲙⲁⲓ ⲡϥ̄ⲉⲓⲱⲧ. This name may reflect a historical figure or a symbolic renaming in the saint's life.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"background","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage is a dialogue between the king and Mercurius, marked by the Coptic cues ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ 'he said' and ⲁϥⲟⲩⲱϣⲃ̄ 'he answered'. The king's command to sacrifice and Mercurius's defiance set up the conflict typical of martyrdom narratives.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase ⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲛⲇⲓⲕⲁⲓⲟⲛ 'gods of the just' is ambiguous: it may refer to pagan gods of the righteous (i.e., the Roman gods) or to a specific cult. The reading taken is that it refers to the gods of the Roman state religion.","The Coptic ⲡⲁⲣⲓⲑⲙⲟⲥ 'the number' likely refers to a military unit or legion, but the exact sense is unclear. The translation takes it as a military unit."],"confidence":"high","notes":[{"kind":"structure","severity":"info","label":"dialogue","text":"Classified as dialogue from the Coptic cues."}]},{"i":18,"ref":"p18","source":"ϫⲉ ⲛ̄ ϯⲛⲁⲑⲩⲥⲓⲁⲍⲉ\nⲁⲛ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲕⲁⲡⲱⲗⲗⲱⲛ • ⲉⲓⲧϣⲟⲩⲉⲓⲧ(sic) ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕⲱ ⲛ̄ⲥⲱⲓ • ⲙ̄\nⲡⲁ ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲟϥ ⲧⲁ|ⲧⲁⲙⲓⲟ (sic) ⲛ̄ ⲧⲡⲉ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲡⲕⲁϩ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲕ̄ⲁ (sic) ⲛⲓⲙ • ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲁⲛⲅ̄ ⲟⲩⲭⲣⲓⲥϯⲁⲛⲟⲥ • ⲡⲁⲣⲣⲏⲥⲓⲁ ⲁⲩⲱ ⲧⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲙⲁⲧⲟⲓ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲓ ⲕⲟⲥⲙⲟⲥ • ϯⲛⲁⲡⲟⲧⲁⲥⲥⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲥ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲡⲉⲕⲁⲝⲓⲱⲙⲁ • ϯⲣ ⲭⲣⲓⲁ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ\nⲁⲛ • ⲁⲛⲅ̄ ⲡϩⲙ̄ⲡϩⲁⲗ (sic) ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲭ︦ⲥ︦ ⲓ︦ⲥ︦ • ⲡϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲉ\nⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲉⲧ ⲟⲛϩ̄ • ⲁϥⲟⲩⲱϣⲃ̄ ⲛ̄ϭⲓ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲇⲉⲕⲓⲟⲥ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ\nⲛⲁϥ • ϫⲉ ⲙⲉⲣⲕⲟⲩⲣⲓⲟⲥ • ϣⲁ ⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩ ⲙ̄ⲡ ⲉⲓⲡⲓⲥⲧⲉⲩⲉ ⲉ\nⲛⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩϫⲟⲟⲩ • ⲛⲁⲓ ⲉ ⲧⲃⲏⲏⲧⲕ̄ • ⲛ̄ϭⲓ ⲛⲉⲕⲕⲁⲧⲏⲅⲟⲣⲟⲥ • ϯⲥⲟⲟⲩⲛ ⲅⲁⲣ • ϫⲉ ⲉⲓⲧⲉⲃⲉ (sic) ⲟⲩⲫⲑⲟⲛⲟⲥ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩⲕⲁⲧⲏⲅⲟⲣⲓⲁ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲕ • ⲛⲁⲓ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣ ⲟⲩⲛⲁⲩ ⲉ ⲧⲛⲟϭ ⲛ̄ ϯⲙⲏ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲓⲧⲁⲁⲥ ⲛⲁⲕ • ϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲙⲏⲏⲧⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲁⲣⲓⲑⲙⲟⲥ ⲧⲏⲣϥ̄ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲡⲉⲥⲧⲣⲁⲧⲉⲩⲙⲁ • ⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩ ϭⲉ ⲥⲱⲧⲙ̄ ⲛ̄ⲥⲱⲓ̈ : ⲛⲅ̄ ⲑⲩⲥⲓⲁⲍⲉ ⲛ̄\nⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ • ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲣ ⲧⲣⲉ ⲡϩⲟⲃ ⲁⲛⲁⲅⲁⲍⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲓ̈ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲓⲣ̄\nⲡⲱⲃϣ̄ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲇⲓⲁⲑⲉⲥⲓⲥ ⲉⲛⲉⲟⲩⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲓⲥ ⲉ ϩⲟⲩⲛ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲕ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲓϥⲓ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲟ|ⲟⲧⲕ̄ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲕⲁⲝⲓⲱⲙⲁ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϯ ⲛⲁⲕ\nⲛ̄ ϩⲉⲛⲛⲟϭ ⲛ̄ⲇⲓⲙⲟⲣⲓⲁ • ⲁϥⲟⲩⲱϣⲃ̄ ⲛ̄ϭⲓ ⲡⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ •","english":"I will not sacrifice to your Apollo. I have renounced you, my God. He himself created the sky and the earth and all things. For I am a Christian. I openly declare that I will renounce the military rank of this world and your office; I have no need of it. I am the servant of Christ Jesus, the Son of the living God.\" The Emperor Decius answered him, saying, \"Mercurius, until now I have not believed what your accusers said about you. For I know that it was out of envy that they accused you, these who saw the great honor I gave you among the entire number and the army. Now then, listen to me: sacrifice to the gods. Do not force me to do the deed, to break the covenant, if I have any affection for you, to remove your office from you and to give you great punishments.\" The blessed one answered,","structure":"dialogue","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic ⲡⲁ ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ (my God) in Mercurius’s speech is ambiguous: it could refer to the Christian God or, given the context of renouncing Apollo, be a rhetorical address to the true God. The translation renders it as the Christian God, consistent with the saint’s confession.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲧⲡⲉ","severity":"info","text":"ⲧⲡⲉ (heaven/sky) is used here in a cosmological sense (created by God), not as the abode of God. The Coptic phrase ⲧⲁⲧⲁⲙⲓⲟ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲡⲉ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲡⲕⲁϩ (created the sky and the earth) echoes the Genesis creation formula.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲧⲁⲧⲁⲙⲓⲟ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲡⲉ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲡⲕⲁϩ","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'created the sky and the earth' is a clear echo of Genesis 1:1 (LXX: ἐποίησεν ὁ θεὸς τὸν οὐρανὸν καὶ τὴν γῆν). The Coptic uses ⲧⲁⲙⲓⲟ (create) rather than ⲉⲓⲣⲉ (make), which is standard in Sahidic Genesis.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲇⲉⲕⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"Emperor Decius (r. 249–251) is the historical persecutor in this encomium. The Coptic spelling ⲇⲉⲕⲓⲟⲥ reflects the Greek Δέκιος. His demand that Mercurius sacrifice to the gods aligns with the edict of 250 CE requiring all subjects to perform a sacrifice to the Roman gods.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage is a dialogue between Mercurius and Decius. Mercurius’s speech (lines 1–10) is a confession of faith and renunciation of military rank; Decius’s reply (lines 10–20) offers a choice: sacrifice or lose office and face punishment. The exchange follows the hagiographic pattern of a martyr’s interrogation.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲉⲓⲧϣⲟⲩⲉⲓⲧ","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic ⲉⲓⲧϣⲟⲩⲉⲓⲧ is a scribal error or variant; the expected form is ⲁⲓⲧϣⲟⲩⲱⲧ (I have renounced). The translation 'I have renounced' is correct in sense, but the exact reading is uncertain.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase ⲡⲁ ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ (my God) could be read as an address to the Christian God or as a possessive construction; the translation takes it as the former.","The Coptic ⲉⲓⲧϣⲟⲩⲉⲓⲧ is corrupt; the intended verb is likely ⲧϣⲟⲩⲱⲧ (renounce).","The phrase ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲓⲧⲁⲁⲥ ⲛⲁⲕ (the honor I gave you) is ambiguous: it could refer to military rank or a specific honor in the army."],"confidence":"high","notes":[{"kind":"structure","severity":"info","label":"dialogue","text":"Classified as dialogue from the Coptic cues."}]},{"i":19,"ref":"p19","source":"ⲡ[ⲉ]ϫⲁϥ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ϫⲉ ⲧⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ϣⲃⲏⲣ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲓ ⲕⲟⲥⲙⲟⲥ • ⲟⲩ ⲗⲁⲁⲩ ⲁⲛ ⲧⲉ • ⲟⲩⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ϫⲁϫⲉ ⲧⲉ ⲛⲁϩⲣⲙ̄ ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛⲓ ⲧⲁⲓⲟ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲓ̈ ⲙⲓ̈ⲛⲉ • ϩⲉⲛ ⲡⲣⲟⲥ ⲟⲩⲟⲉⲓϣ ⲛⲉ • ⲡⲉⲟⲟⲩ ⲇⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲟϥ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ • ⲙⲏⲛⲉ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ϣⲁ ⲉⲛⲉϩ • ⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩ ϭⲉ ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ ϯϩⲓⲥⲉ ⲛⲁⲕ ⲉ ⲡϫⲓⲛϫⲏ • ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲅⲁⲣ\nⲁⲛⲅ̄ ⲟⲩⲭⲣⲓⲥϯⲁⲛⲟⲥ • ϯⲛⲁⲑⲩⲥⲓⲁⲍⲉ ⲁⲛ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲕⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ\nⲛ̄ⲃⲟⲧⲉ • ⲗⲓⲟⲡⲟⲛ (sic) ⲡⲉⲧ ⲉϩⲛⲁⲕ ⲁⲣⲓϥ ⲛⲁⲓ • ⲇⲉⲕⲓⲟⲥ ⲇⲉ\nⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲁϥ • ϫⲉ ⲱ̄ ⲙⲉⲣⲕⲟⲩⲣⲓⲟⲥ • ⲑⲩⲥⲓⲁⲍⲉ • ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲣ\nⲙⲟⲩ ϩⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲙⲟⲩ ⲉϥϩⲟⲟⲩ • ⲡⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲙⲉⲣⲕⲟⲩⲣⲓⲟⲥ\nⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲁϥ • ϫⲉ ⲙⲁⲣⲉ ⲟⲩϣⲁϫⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲱⲧ ⲣⲁϣⲕ̄ • ⲱ̄\nⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ϯⲛⲁⲥⲱⲧⲙ̄ ⲛ̄ ⲥⲱⲧⲙ̄ (sic) ⲅⲁⲣ ⲁⲛ ⲛ̄ⲥⲱⲕ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϣⲙ̄ϣⲉ ⲛ̄ ϩⲉⲛⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲛ̄ϣⲙ̄ⲙⲟ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕⲱ ⲛ̄ⲥⲱⲛ ⲡⲁ ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ\nⲓ︦ⲥ︦ | ⲡⲉⲭ︦ⲥ︦ • ⲇⲉⲕⲓⲟⲥ ⲇⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣⲉ ϥⲥⲱⲧⲙ̄ ⲇⲉ ⲉ ⲛⲁⲓ • ⲁϥϭⲱⲛⲧ̄ ⲉⲙⲁⲧⲉ • ⲁϥⲕⲉⲗⲉⲩⲉ ⲉ ⲧⲣⲉ ⲩⲕⲁⲁϥ ⲕⲁ ϩⲏⲩ\nⲛ̄ⲛⲉϥϩⲟⲓⲧⲉ • ⲉⲛⲥⲉϫⲟⲗⲕϥ̄ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ⲛ̄ϭⲓ ⲙⲏⲧ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲧⲟⲓ • ⲛ̄ⲥⲉϩⲓⲟⲩⲉ ⲉ ⲣⲟϥ ⲛ̄ ϩⲉⲛⲃⲟⲩ ⲛⲉⲩⲣⲟⲛ ⲉⲩⲟⲩⲱⲧ • ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉ\nⲡⲕⲁϩ ⲉⲧ ϩⲁ ⲣⲁⲧϥ̄ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϥⲥⲛⲟϥ • ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲁϥ ⲛ̄ϭⲓ\nⲇⲉⲕⲓⲟⲥ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ϫⲉ ⲙⲉⲣⲕⲟⲩⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲁⲕϫⲉ ⲛⲧⲧⲁⲣⲭⲏ (sic)• ⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲃⲁⲥⲁⲛⲟⲥ • ϫⲉ ⲥⲉϩⲟⲟⲩⲉ ⲉⲕⲑⲩⲥⲓⲁⲍⲉ ϫⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲛ • ⲁϥⲟⲩⲱϣⲃ̄ ⲛ̄ϭⲓ ⲡⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲙⲉⲣⲕⲟⲩⲣⲓⲟⲥ • ϫⲉ ⲛ̄\nϩⲟⲥⲟⲛ ⲟⲩⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲓ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲩ • ⲙ̄ ⲡⲁ ϫⲥ̄ ⲓ︤ⲥ︥ ⲡⲉⲭ̄ⲥ • ⲉϥⲃⲟⲓⲏⲑⲉⲓ ⲉ ⲣⲟϥ • ϯϩⲏϣ ϭⲉ ⲁⲛ ϩⲁ ⲛⲉⲕⲃⲁⲥⲁⲛⲟⲥ • ⲁⲛⲟⲕ\nⲅⲁⲣ ⲁⲛⲅ̄ ⲡϩⲙ̄ϩⲁⲗ • ⲙ̄ ⲡⲁ ϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ ⲉⲓ̄ⲥ ⲡⲉⲭ︦ⲥ︦ (sic) • ⲉϥⲃⲟⲏⲑⲉⲓ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲓ • ⲡⲁⲓ̈ ⲡⲉ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲛⲁ ⲧⲡⲉ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲛⲁ ⲡⲕⲁϩ •","english":"He said to the king, \"The fellowship of this world is nothing; it is enmity before God. And these honors of this kind are for a time. But the glory of God endures forever. Now then, do not trouble yourself further. For I am a Christian. I will not sacrifice to your abominable gods. Moreover, do what you will to me.\" Decius said to him, \"O Mercurius, sacrifice! Do not die an evil death.\" The blessed Mercurius said to him, \"Let one word suffice for you, O king. I will not listen to you. For I have not walked after foreign gods. I have followed my God Jesus Christ.\" When Decius heard these things, he became very angry. He commanded that he be stripped of his garments, that ten soldiers stretch him out, and that they strike his mouth with sharpened reeds until the ground beneath him was wet with his blood. Decius the king said to him, \"Mercurius, have you begun the tortures? For they are evil. Sacrifice, or else not.\" The blessed Mercurius answered, \"As long as I have my Lord Jesus Christ to help me, I do not fear your tortures. For I am the servant of my Lord Jesus Christ, who helps me. This is the king of heaven and of earth.","structure":"dialogue","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ (with definite article) here refers to the Christian God, as is standard in homiletic texts. The same word is used later for the pagan gods (ⲛⲉⲕⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ, 'your gods'), showing a deliberate contrast.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ","severity":"info","text":"ⲡⲁ ϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ (my Lord) in Mercurius’s speech names Christ, consistent with homiletic usage. The phrase ⲡⲣⲣⲟ ⲛⲁ ⲧⲡⲉ (the king of heaven) reinforces the divine title.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲣⲣⲟ ⲛⲁ ⲧⲡⲉ","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'king of heaven and of earth' echoes biblical language for God’s sovereignty (e.g., Matt 11:25; Acts 17:24). The Coptic uses ⲧⲡⲉ (heaven) in its theological sense, not 'sky'.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage is a dialogue between Decius and Mercurius, with alternating speeches marked by ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ (he said). The exchange builds to Decius’s anger and the command for torture, a typical hagiographic escalation.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲇⲉⲕⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"Decius (emperor 249–251 CE) is the persecutor in this encomium. The historical Decius mandated universal sacrifice, which matches the demand here. The text anachronistically treats him as a king (ⲡⲣⲣⲟ).","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϣⲙ̄ϣⲉ ⲛ̄ ϩⲉⲛⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲛ̄ϣⲙ̄ⲙⲟ","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase 'I have not walked after foreign gods' is a Coptic idiom; the reading 'walked after' (ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϣⲙ̄ϣⲉ) is clear, but the exact sense of 'foreign' (ⲛ̄ϣⲙ̄ⲙⲟ) may imply 'strange' or 'pagan'. The English draft renders it as 'foreign gods'.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The Coptic ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϣⲙ̄ϣⲉ (I have not walked) is a perfect negative; the exact nuance of 'walk after' as 'follow' is idiomatic. The phrase ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕⲱ ⲛ̄ⲥⲱⲛ (I have followed) is a parallel construction, but the verb ⲕⲱ ⲛ̄ⲥⲱ means 'leave behind' or 'abandon', so the sense is 'I have abandoned my God Jesus Christ'? The English draft takes it as 'I have followed', which may be a misreading; the Coptic likely m"],"confidence":"medium","notes":[{"kind":"structure","severity":"info","label":"dialogue","text":"Classified as dialogue from the Coptic cues."},{"kind":"lacuna","severity":"caution","text":"The source is fragmentary here: the edition marks a break or an editorial bracket, and the English carries across it. Treat the bridge as supplied, not translated."}]},{"i":20,"ref":"p20","source":"ⲛⲁⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣⲉ ϥⲥⲟⲧⲙⲟⲩ ⲛ̄ϭⲓ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲇⲉⲕⲓⲟⲥ • ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ\nϫⲉ ⲙⲉⲣⲕⲟⲩⲣⲓⲟⲥ • ⲥⲱⲧⲙ̄ ⲛ̄ ⲥⲱⲓ • ⲛⲅ̄ ⲑⲩⲥⲓⲁⲍⲉ ⲛ̄\nⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ • ⲛⲅ̄ ϯ ϩⲏⲩ | ⲛ̄ ϩⲉⲛⲟϭ ⲛ̄ⲃⲁⲥⲁⲛⲟⲥ • ϫⲉ ⲕⲁⲥ\nⲛⲅ̄ ⲙⲟⲩ [ⲁⲛ] ⲕⲁⲕⲟⲥ • ϣⲁⲧⲉ ϯⲛⲟⲩ(sic) ϯⲥⲟ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲕ • ⲁⲩⲱ\nϯⲟ ⲛ̄ϩⲁⲣϣ̄ ⲛ̄ ϩⲏⲧ ⲉ ϩⲣⲁⲓ ⲉ ϫⲱⲕ • ϯⲟⲩⲱϣ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲁⲛ ⲉⲣ\nⲡⲉⲑⲟⲟⲩ ⲛⲁⲕ • ⲙⲁⲗⲓⲥⲧⲁ ϫⲉ ⲁⲕϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲛⲁⲓ • ⲛ̄ ϣⲃⲏⲣ\nⲉ ⲧⲃⲉ ⲧϭⲓⲛⲙⲓϣⲉ ⲉ ϫⲱⲓ • ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲡⲟⲗⲉⲙⲟⲥ • ⲥⲱⲧⲙ̄\nⲛ̄ⲥⲱⲓ ⲛⲅ̄ ⲑⲩⲥⲓⲁⲍⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ • ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲣ ⲧⲁ ⲟ ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲕⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ϣⲏⲣⲉ ϣⲏⲙ • ϩⲛ̄ ϩⲉⲛⲃⲁⲥⲁⲛⲟⲥ ⲉⲩϣⲟⲃⲉ • ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ϯϣⲛ̄\nϩⲧⲏⲓ ϩⲁ ⲧⲉⲕⲙⲛ︤ⲧ︥ϣⲏⲣⲉ ϣⲏⲙ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲕⲙⲛ︤ⲧ︥ϣⲃⲏⲣ •","english":"When King Decius heard these things, he said, \"Mercurius, listen to me. Sacrifice to the gods, and I will give you great honors and rewards, so that you may not die an evil death, until now I have known you and I have been confident in you. For I do not wish to do evil to you, especially since you have become a friend to me because of the battle you fought for me in the war. Listen to me, sacrifice to the gods. Do not throw away your youth in terrible tortures. I am concerned for your youth and your friendship.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"sense","kind":"sense","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲛⲁⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣⲉ ϥⲥⲟⲧⲙⲟⲩ ⲛ̄ϭⲓ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲇⲉⲕⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic phrase ⲛⲁⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣⲉ ϥⲥⲟⲧⲙⲟⲩ marks a narrative transition: 'When he heard these things' resumes the dialogue after Mercurius's speech in the previous passage.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ","severity":"info","text":"ⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ (plural, without definite article) is rendered 'the gods' in the English draft, consistent with the pagan context of Decius's exhortation. The Sahidic ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ with the article (ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ) would refer to the Christian God.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"external","lemma":"ⲇⲉⲕⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"Decius (emperor 249–251 CE) is the historical persecutor under whom Mercurius is martyred according to this encomium. The name is spelled ⲇⲉⲕⲓⲟⲥ in the Coptic, a common Sahidic form.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲥⲱⲧⲙ̄ ⲛ̄ⲥⲱⲓ","severity":"info","text":"The repeated imperative ⲥⲱⲧⲙ̄ ⲛ̄ⲥⲱⲓ ('listen to me') frames Decius's plea, creating a rhetorical pattern that underscores his desperation to persuade Mercurius.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ϣⲁⲧⲉ ϯⲛⲟⲩ(sic) ϯⲥⲟ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲕ","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic ϣⲁⲧⲉ ϯⲛⲟⲩ(sic) ϯⲥⲟ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲕ is textually problematic: ϯⲛⲟⲩ(sic) may be a scribal error for ϯⲛⲟⲩ (ⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩ 'now') or a miswriting of ⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩ. The English draft reads 'until now I have known you', but the sense is uncertain.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"external","lemma":"ⲙⲉⲣⲕⲟⲩⲣⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"Mercurius is a prominent military saint in Coptic tradition, often associated with the slaying of Julian the Apostate. This encomium, attributed to Pseudo-Acacius, reflects his cult's development in late antique Egypt.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase ϣⲁⲧⲉ ϯⲛⲟⲩ(sic) ϯⲥⲟ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲕ is corrupt; the intended reading may be 'until now I have known you' or 'until now I have cared for you'.","The Coptic ⲛⲅ̄ ϯ ϩⲏⲩ ⲛ̄ ϩⲉⲛⲟϭ ⲛ̄ⲃⲁⲥⲁⲛⲟⲥ is ambiguous: ϩⲉⲛⲟϭ ⲛ̄ⲃⲁⲥⲁⲛⲟⲥ could mean 'great honors' (as in the English draft) or 'great tortures', though the context favors rewards."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[{"kind":"lacuna","severity":"caution","text":"The source is fragmentary here: the edition marks a break or an editorial bracket, and the English carries across it. Treat the bridge as supplied, not translated."}]},{"i":21,"ref":"p21","source":"ⲁϥⲟⲩⲱϣⲃ̄ ⲛ̄ϭⲓ ⲡⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲙⲉⲣⲕⲟⲩⲣⲓⲟⲥ • ϫⲉ ϩⲓⲥⲉ\nⲛⲓⲙ ⲉⲧ ⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲓ • ⲉ ⲧⲃⲉ ⲑⲟⲙⲟⲗⲟⲅⲉⲓ ⲉ ϩⲟⲩⲛ\nⲉ ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ • ⲉⲥⲱ̄ ⲛⲁⲓ ⲛ̄ϩⲟⲩⲟ ⲉⲩⲃⲓⲕⲉ ⲉⲩⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ • ⲛ̄ϩⲓⲥⲉ\nⲅⲁⲣ ⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩ ⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲙⲡϣⲁ ⲁⲛ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲟⲟⲩ ⲉⲧ ⲛⲁϭⲱⲗⲡ̄ ⲉ\nⲣⲟⲛ • ⲛⲁⲓ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣⲉ ϥⲥⲱⲧⲙ̄ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲟⲩ • ⲛ̄ϭⲓ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲇⲉⲕⲓⲟⲥ • ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲉϣϫⲉ ⲁⲕⲥⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ ⲡⲉⲕϩⲏⲧ ⲉ ϩⲟⲩⲛ ⲉ ϩⲉⲛϣⲁϫⲉ\nⲙ̄ ⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ ⲁⲧ ϩⲏⲧ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲓⲟ ⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ϩⲣⲱⲙⲁⲓⲟⲥ • ⲁⲕⲟⲡⲟⲩ ϫⲉ ϩⲉⲛⲗⲁⲁⲩ ⲛⲉ • | ⲙ̄ⲡⲉ ⲕⲁⲛⲉⲭⲉ ⲉⲑⲩⲥⲓⲁⲍⲉ ⲛ̄\nϩⲉⲛⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲛⲇⲓ̈ⲕⲁⲓⲟⲛ • ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲛ̄ⲇⲟⲅⲙⲁ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲥⲩⲛⲕⲗⲏⲧⲟⲥ • ⲟⲩⲇⲉ ⲙⲡⲉ ⲕⲥⲱⲧⲙ̄ ⲛ̄ⲥⲁ ⲛⲟⲙⲟⲥ ⲛ︦ⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲱⲟⲩ • ⲁⲛⲟⲕ\nϩⲱ ϯⲛⲁⲕⲟⲗⲁⲍⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲕ • ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲧⲉⲕⲙⲛ︤ⲧ︥ ⲁⲧ ⲑⲏⲧ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲛⲁⲩ ϫⲉ ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕⲛⲁϩⲧⲉ ⲉ ⲣⲟϥ • ⲛⲁϣⲛⲁϩⲙⲉⲕ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲛ̄ ⲛⲁϭⲓϫ • ⲁϥⲟⲩⲱϣⲃ̄ ⲛ̄ϭⲓ ⲡϩⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ\nⲙⲉⲣⲕⲟⲩⲣⲓⲟⲥ • ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ϫⲉ ⲉϥⲥⲏϩ ϩⲙ̄\nⲡⲁⲡⲟⲥⲧⲟⲗⲟⲥ ⲉⲧ ⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ • ϫⲉ ⲛⲓⲙ ⲡⲉⲧ ⲛⲁϣⲡⲟⲣϫⲛ̄ • ⲉ ⲧⲁⲅⲁⲡⲏ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ • ⲟⲩⲑⲗⲓⲯⲓⲥ ⲧⲉ ⲏ̄ ⲟⲩⲗⲱϫϩ̄ • ⲏ̄\nⲟⲩⲇⲓⲟⲅⲙⲟⲥ • ⲏ̄ ⲟⲩϩⲕⲟ • ⲏ̄ ⲟⲩⲕⲱ ⲕⲁ ϩⲏⲩ • ⲏ̄ ⲟⲩⲕⲩⲛⲇⲓⲛⲟⲥ • ⲏ̄ ⲟⲩⲥⲏϥⲉ • ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲑⲉ ⲉⲧ ⲥⲏϩ ϫⲉ ⲉ ⲧⲃⲏⲏⲧⲕ̄ • ⲥⲉⲙⲟⲩⲟⲩⲧ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲛ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ ⲧⲏⲣϥ̄ • ⲧⲛ̄ⲡⲓⲑⲉ ⲅⲁⲣ ϫⲉ\nⲟⲩⲇⲉ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲙⲟⲩ • ⲟⲩⲇⲉ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲱⲛϩ̄ • ⲟⲩⲇⲉ ⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ • ⲟⲩⲇⲉ ⲁⲣⲭⲏ • ⲟⲩⲇⲉ ⲉⲝⲟⲩⲥⲓⲁ • ⲟⲩⲇⲉ ⲛⲉⲧ ϣⲟⲟⲡⲉ • ⲟⲩⲇⲉ\nⲛⲉⲧ ⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ • ⲛⲁⲉϣϭⲙ̄ϭⲟⲙ ⲉ ⲡⲱⲣϫⲛ̄ • ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ | ϩⲛ̄\nⲧⲁⲅⲁⲡⲏ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲭ︦ⲥ︦ • ⲛⲁⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣ ⲉϥϫⲟⲟⲩ ⲛ̄ϭⲓ ⲡⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲙⲉⲣⲕⲟⲩⲣⲓⲟⲥ • ⲁϥϭⲱⲛⲧ̄ ⲛ̄ϭⲓ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲇⲉⲕⲓⲟⲥ • ⲁϥⲕⲉⲗⲉⲩⲉ ⲧⲣⲉ ⲩⲧⲁⲗⲟϥ ⲉ ⲡϩⲉⲣⲙⲉⲧⲁⲣⲓⲟⲛ • ⲛ̄ⲥⲉϩⲱⲕ\nⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ •","english":"The blessed Mercurius answered, \"What hardship will befall me for confessing toward God? It is more than enough for me that I am a poor man, holy. For now, these hardships are not worthy of the glory that will be revealed to us.\" When King Decius heard these things, he said, \"If you have set your heart toward words of folly and the honor of the Romans, you have counted them as nothing. You have not hesitated to sacrifice to the gods of the just, according to the decrees of the council, nor have you listened to the laws of the kings. I too will punish you according to your folly, and I will see whether the God in whom you trust will save you from my hands.\" The holy Mercurius answered the king, saying, \"It is written in the holy apostle: 'Who will separate me from the love of God? Is it tribulation, or torture, or persecution, or hunger, or imprisonment, or danger, or sword?' As it is written concerning you: 'They kill us all day long.' For we are persuaded that neither death, nor life, nor angel, nor beginning, nor authority, nor things that exist, nor things that will come to be, will be able to separate me from the love of Christ.\" When the blessed Mercurius said these things, King Decius became angry and commanded that he be taken to the hermētērion and be bound.","structure":"dialogue","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲅⲁⲡⲏ","severity":"info","text":"Greek ἀγάπη, here rendered 'love' in a theological sense, not the liturgical meal. The saint's speech contrasts this love with worldly punishments.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲛⲓⲙ ⲡⲉⲧ ⲛⲁϣⲡⲟⲣϫⲛ̄ ⲉ ⲧⲁⲅⲁⲡⲏ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ","severity":"info","text":"Mercurius quotes a passage attributed to 'the holy apostle' (ⲡⲁⲡⲟⲥⲧⲟⲗⲟⲥ ⲉⲧ ⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ). The phrasing echoes Romans 8:35–39, where Paul asks who can separate from the love of Christ, listing tribulation, persecution, hunger, etc.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲥⲉⲙⲟⲩⲟⲩⲧ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲛ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ ⲧⲏⲣϥ̄","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'they kill us all day long' is a loose citation of a martyrdom motif, possibly echoing 1 Corinthians 4:9 or a common hagiographic trope. The Coptic text explicitly introduces it as 'as it is written concerning you'.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡϩⲉⲣⲙⲉⲧⲁⲣⲓⲟⲛ","severity":"info","text":"Greek ἑρμητήριον, a place of confinement or torture, often used in martyrdom accounts. The term is distinct from a prison (ⲥⲧⲣⲁⲧⲓⲱⲧⲏⲥ) and implies a specific judicial or military holding cell.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage is a dialogue between Decius and Mercurius, following the pattern of a judicial interrogation. The saint's response is a rhetorical catalogue of torments, a common hagiographic device to demonstrate steadfastness.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲛ̄ⲇⲟⲅⲙⲁ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲥⲩⲛⲕⲗⲏⲧⲟⲥ","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase 'decrees of the council' (ⲧⲥⲩⲛⲕⲗⲏⲧⲟⲥ) is anachronistic for Decius's reign; it likely reflects the author's own period, when church councils were normative. The Coptic text may be corrupt or a later interpolation.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase ⲉⲥⲱ̄ ⲛⲁⲓ ⲛ̄ϩⲟⲩⲟ ⲉⲩⲃⲓⲕⲉ ⲉⲩⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ is ambiguous: it may mean 'it is more than enough for me that I am a poor man, holy' or 'it is more than enough for me that I am a poor holy man'. The English draft takes the former.","The identity of 'the holy apostle' is not specified; it could refer to Paul or to a broader apostolic source. The citation is not verbatim from the New Testament.","The phrase ⲛ̄ⲇⲟⲅⲙⲁ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲥⲩⲛⲕⲗⲏⲧⲟⲥ may be a scribal error or anachronism; the intended reference is unclear."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[{"kind":"structure","severity":"info","label":"dialogue","text":"Classified as dialogue from the Coptic cues."},{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲁⲡⲟⲥⲧⲟⲗⲟⲥ","text":"ⲁⲡⲟⲥⲧⲟⲗⲟⲥ → “apostle”. Standard rendering; first occurrence is noted here, the term recurs below."},{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲁⲅⲁⲡⲏ","text":"ⲁⲅⲁⲡⲏ → “love”. Greek ἀγάπη. The liturgical meal sense ('agape') is technical and should not be flattened to 'love'."},{"kind":"homonym","severity":"caution","term":"ⲁⲅⲁⲡⲏ","text":"ⲁⲅⲁⲡⲏ carries more than one sense (charity, agape (the meal)); this passage takes it as “love”. The choice is the translator's, not a lexical given."}]},{"i":22,"ref":"p22","source":"ⲛ̄ϭⲓ ⲕⲉⲥⲧⲱⲛⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲉⲩϩⲱⲕ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ ⲡⲉ • ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉ ⲧⲕⲁⲥ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉϥϫⲓⲥⲉ ⲕⲱⲗⲡ̄ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ⲡⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ\nⲇⲉ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉ ϥⲕⲁ ⲧⲟⲟⲧϥ̄ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ⲉϥⲥⲙⲟⲩ ⲉ ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ • ⲉϥϫⲱ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲥ • ϫⲉ ⲡϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ ⲓ︦ⲥ︦ ⲡⲉⲭ̄ⲥ ⲡⲙⲟⲛⲟⲅⲉⲛⲏⲥ ⲙ̄\nⲡⲓⲱⲧ • ⲡⲉϫⲡⲟ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲡⲁⲣⲑⲉⲛⲟⲥ ⲉⲧ ⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ\nⲙⲁⲣⲓⲁ • ⲡⲉⲛⲧⲁϥϫⲓ ⲥⲁⲣⲝ̄ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲉϩⲓⲉⲓⲃ ⲙ̄ ⲙⲉ • ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉ ϥⲥⲱⲧⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲅⲉⲛⲟⲥ ⲧⲏⲣϥ̄ ⲛ̄ ⲁⲇⲁⲙ • ⲛϥ̄ⲉⲗⲉⲩⲑⲩⲣⲟⲩ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲛ • ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ϩⲙ̄ϩⲁⲗ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲛ̄ⲟⲃⲉ • ϯϣⲡ̄ ϩⲙⲟⲧ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲟⲟⲧⲕ̄ • ϫⲉ ⲁⲕⲁⲁⲛ ⲛ︤ⲙ︥ⲡϣⲁ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲕⲙⲛ︤ⲧ︥ⲁⲅⲁⲑⲱⲥ • ⲉⲧ ⲛⲁϣⲱⲥ ⲥⲱⲧⲙ̄ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲓ ⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲟⲩ • ⲁⲛⲟⲕ\nⲡⲉⲕϩⲙ̄ϩⲁⲗ ⲙⲉⲣⲕⲟⲩⲣⲓⲟⲥ • ⲛⲅ̄ ⲁⲁⲧ ⲛ︦ⲙ︦ⲡϣⲁ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲕⲧⲱϩⲙ̄ ⲉⲧ ⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛ̄ ⲕⲟⲓⲛⲟⲛⲟⲥ ⲉ ⲛⲉⲕϩⲓⲥⲉ ⲉⲧ\nⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲙ̄ⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲣⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲓⲥⲧⲟⲥ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲕⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ • [ⲧⲉ]ⲛⲟⲩ | ϭⲉ ⲡⲁ ϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ • ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ ⲕⲁⲁⲧ ⲛ̄ⲥⲱⲕ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲣ ⲟⲩⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲓ̈ ϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲛ̄ ϩⲉⲛⲑⲗⲓⲯⲓⲥ ϭⲉⲧ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲓ • ⲁⲩⲱ\nⲁ ϩⲉⲛⲥⲛⲁⲩ ϩⲓϩⲉ ⲉ ϩⲣⲁⲓ ⲉ ϫⲱⲓ • ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ϯ ϭⲟⲙ ⲛⲁⲓ\nⲡⲁ ϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ • ϣⲁⲛⲧ ⲓ̈ϫⲱⲕ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ⲙ̄ ⲡⲁ ⲁⲅⲱⲛ ϩⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲉⲣⲏⲛⲏ • ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ ⲧⲣⲉ ⲛⲁϫⲁϫⲉ ⲣⲁϣⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲓ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄\nⲧ[ⲣ]ⲉ ⲩϫⲟⲟⲥ • ϩⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ϩⲉⲑⲛⲟⲥ • ϫⲉ ⲉϥⲧⲱⲛ ⲡⲉⲩⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ • ⲛⲁⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲉϥϫⲱ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲟⲩ • ⲉⲥ (sic) ⲟⲩⲥⲙⲏ ⲁⲥϣⲱⲡⲉ ϣⲁ\nⲣⲟϥ • ⲉⲥϫⲱ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲧⲱⲕ ⲛ̄ϩⲏⲧ • ⲡⲁ ϣⲟⲉⲓϫ ⲙⲉⲣⲕⲟⲩⲣⲓⲟⲥ • ϩⲩⲡⲟⲙⲓⲛⲏ ⲱ̄ ⲡⲁ ⲥⲟⲧⲡ̄ ⲛ̄ ϫⲱⲱⲣⲉ • ⲁⲛⲟⲕ\nⲅⲁⲣ ϯϣⲟⲟⲡ ⲛⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲕ • ⲉⲓϯ ϭⲟⲙ ⲛⲁⲕ • ⲁⲩⲱ ϯⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲛⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲕ ⲛ̄ ⲥⲕⲉⲡⲁⲥⲧⲏⲥ • ⲉⲓⲃⲟⲏⲑⲉⲓ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲕ ϩⲛ̄\nϩⲓⲥⲉ ⲛⲓⲙ • ⲉⲧ ⲉⲕⲛⲁϣⲟⲡⲟⲩ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲁ ⲣⲁⲛ • ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲣ ϭⲱⲃ •","english":"The chief steward, however, was tormenting him until the bone of his back was exposed. But the blessed one did not give up, blessing God, saying, \"Lord Jesus Christ, the only-begotten of the Father, born of the holy virgin Mary, who took flesh from the true vine, until he saved the entire race of Adam, and freed us from the slavery of sin. I thank you, for you have made me worthy of your goodness. May you deign to hear me today, I, your servant Mercurius. Make me worthy of your holy calling, and a partaker in your holy labors, and a witness of the faith of your divinity. Now then, my Lord, do not abandon me, and do not let me be separated from you, even if hardships come upon me, and two swords fall upon me. But give me strength, my Lord, until I complete my struggle in peace. Do not let my enemies rejoice over me, and do not let them say among the nations, 'Where is their God?'\" And as he was saying these things, a voice came to him, saying, \"Take heart, my brave Mercurius. Endure, my chosen strong one. For I am with you, giving you strength, and I will be with you as a protector, helping you in whatever labors you will undergo in my name. Do not be afraid.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲥⲙⲟⲩ","severity":"info","text":"The verb ⲥⲙⲟⲩ here means 'bless' (God is the object), consistent with the glossary rule that God is praised, a person is blessed.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲡⲁⲣⲑⲉⲛⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"ⲡⲁⲣⲑⲉⲛⲟⲥ is rendered 'virgin' in the fixed Marian sense, referring to Mary as the Theotokos.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲉⲛⲧⲁϥϫⲓ ⲥⲁⲣⲝ̄ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲉϩⲓⲉⲓⲃ ⲙ̄ ⲙⲉ","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'took flesh from the true vine' echoes John 15:1 (the vine) and incarnational language, though not a direct quotation.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲕⲉⲥⲧⲱⲛⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"ⲕⲉⲥⲧⲱⲛⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ (chief steward) is a Greek loanword (καστρηνάριος) denoting a Roman official overseeing a prison or torture chamber, fitting the martyrdom context.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁⲩⲱ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲣ ⲟⲩⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲓ","severity":"info","text":"The prayer shifts from thanksgiving to petition, marked by ⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩ ϭⲉ ('now then'), a structural transition in the narrative.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁⲥϣⲱⲡⲉ ϣⲁⲣⲟϥ","severity":"info","text":"The divine voice responding to Mercurius is a common hagiographic motif, emphasizing divine favor and the saint's endurance; this passage is cited in Budge's edition as an example of the encomium's dramatic style.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase ⲉⲥ (sic) ⲟⲩⲥⲙⲏ may be a scribal error for ⲉⲥⲟⲩⲥⲙⲏ ('a voice'), but the sense is clear.","The identity of the speaker of the voice is implied as Christ, but not explicitly named in the Coptic."],"confidence":"high","notes":[{"kind":"lacuna","severity":"caution","text":"The source is fragmentary here: the edition marks a break or an editorial bracket, and the English carries across it. Treat the bridge as supplied, not translated."},{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲙⲁⲣⲓⲁ","text":"ⲙⲁⲣⲓⲁ → “Mary”. The Theotokos in homilies and Marian apocrypha; the sister of Martha in other contexts."},{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ϩⲙⲟⲧ","text":"ϩⲙⲟⲧ → “grace”. The unearned favour of God; 'favour' where a human patron is meant."}]},{"i":23,"ref":"p23","source":"ⲟⲩⲇⲉ ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ ⲣ̄ ϭⲱⲧⲡ̄ ϩⲏⲧⲟⲩ ⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲃⲁⲥⲁⲛⲟⲥ • ⲁⲛⲟⲕ\nϯϣⲟⲟⲡ ⲛⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲕ • ⲉⲓϯ ϭⲟⲙ ⲛⲁⲕ • ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉ ⲕϫⲱⲕ ⲉ\nⲃⲟⲗ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲕⲁⲅⲱⲛ • ⲟⲩⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ϫⲱⲱⲣⲉ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲩⲛⲟⲩ\nⲁϥⲁⲥⲡⲁⲍⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ ⲛ̄ϭⲓ ⲡⲁⲣⲭⲁⲅ|ⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ ⲙⲓⲭⲁⲏⲗ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁϥⲥⲫⲣⲁⲅⲓⲍⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϥⲥⲱⲙⲁ ⲧⲏⲣϥ̄ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲩⲛⲟⲩ ⲁ ⲡϩⲉⲣⲙⲉⲧⲁⲣⲓⲟⲛ ⲟⲩⲱϭⲡ̄ • ⲁϥⲣ̄ ⲥⲛⲁⲩ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁⲙⲙⲉⲣⲉ ⲉⲧ ⲉϥⲙⲉⲣ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲟⲩ • ⲁⲩⲃⲱⲗ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ⲁϥϥⲟϭϥ̄\nⲁϥⲁϩⲉ ⲣⲁⲧϥ̄ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲗⲁⲁⲩ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲁⲕⲟ ϣⲟⲟⲡ ⲛ̄ϩⲏⲧϥ̄ • ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ⲛⲉϥϯ ⲉⲟⲟⲩ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ • ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲇⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣ\nϥⲛⲁⲩ • ⲉ ⲡⲉⲛ̄ⲧ ⲟϥϣⲱⲡⲉ • ⲁϥⲙⲟⲩϩ ⲛ̄ ϭⲱⲛⲧ̄ • ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ\nϫⲉ ⲉⲡⲓ ⲇⲏ ⲁⲡⲁⲓ ϫⲱ ⲙⲟⲥ (sic) • ϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲛ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲩ ⲛ̄\nⲟⲩⲡⲁⲛϩⲟⲡⲗⲓⲁ ⲛ̄ϩⲱⲃ • ϯⲕⲉⲗⲉⲩⲉ ⲉ ⲧⲣⲉ ⲩⲧⲟⲥϥ̄ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ⲉ\nϥⲧⲟ ⲉⲛϣⲙⲟⲩⲓ̈ • ⲛ̄ⲥⲉϫⲟⲗⲕϥ̄ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ⲟⲩⲇⲉ ⲧⲡⲉ ⲟⲩⲇⲉ\nⲡⲕⲁϩ • ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲙⲁϩⲉ • ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣ ⲟⲩⲣ̄ ⲡⲁⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲁϥ • ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ\nⲛ̄ϭⲓ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ϫⲉ ⲉⲩⲧⲱⲛ ⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩ ⲛⲉⲕϩⲟⲡⲗⲟⲛ • ⲉⲧ ⲉⲕ\nⲑⲁⲣⲉⲓ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲟⲩ • ϣⲁ ⲡⲛⲟϭ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲟϭ ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲡⲍⲉⲩⲥ ⲁⲩⲧⲟⲥⲕ̄ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ⲉⲙⲁⲧⲉ • ⲡⲡⲉⲧ ⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ ⲁϥϭⲱϣⲧ̄ ⲉ ϩⲣⲁⲓ\nⲉ ⲧⲡⲉ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ • ϫⲉ ⲡϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ ⲃⲟⲑⲉⲓ (sic) ⲉ ⲣⲟⲓ • | ⲁⲛⲟⲕ","english":"nor did the tortures frighten him. \"I am with you, giving you strength until you complete your contest, O brave one.\" And immediately the archangel Michael kissed him and sealed his entire body. And at once the hermētārion split in two, and the limbs that were bound were loosened. He stood up, with no injury within him, but he was glorifying God. When the king saw what had happened, he was filled with rage. He said, \"Since this one claims that he has a panoply of work, I order that he be cast out to the wild beasts, and that he be torn apart, neither heaven nor earth having a hold on him.\" When they did this to him, the king said, \"Where now are your weapons, which you were boasting about, before the great god Zeus?\" He cast himself out immediately. The holy one looked up to heaven and said, \"Lord, help me! I","structure":"dialogue","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲥⲱⲙⲁ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic ⲥⲱⲙⲁ (body) here refers to the physical body of the martyr, which the archangel seals as a sign of divine protection. In martyrdom accounts, the body is the site of suffering and miraculous preservation.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ","severity":"info","text":"ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ (God) is the standard Sahidic term for the Christian God when used with the definite article. Here the martyr glorifies God after his miraculous healing, contrasting with the king's invocation of Zeus.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲧⲡⲉ","severity":"info","text":"ⲧⲡⲉ (heaven) is the abode of God in this homiletic context. The martyr looks up to heaven to pray, while the king's curse denies the martyr any hold in heaven or earth.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"external","lemma":"ⲡⲁⲣⲭⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ ⲙⲓⲭⲁⲏⲗ","severity":"info","text":"The archangel Michael appears as a divine helper in Coptic martyrdom narratives, often sealing the martyr's body to protect it from harm. This motif reinforces the saint's invincibility under torture.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"external","lemma":"ⲡⲍⲉⲩⲥ","severity":"info","text":"Zeus (ⲡⲍⲉⲩⲥ) is invoked by the pagan king as the 'great god', a typical antagonist in Coptic hagiography. The name is a Greek loanword, reflecting the Hellenistic context of the persecution narrative.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲁⲛϩⲟⲡⲗⲓⲁ ⲛ̄ϩⲱⲃ","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase ⲟⲩⲡⲁⲛϩⲟⲡⲗⲓⲁ ⲛ̄ϩⲱⲃ (a panoply of work) is obscure; it may be a corruption or a rare idiom. The king mocks the martyr's claim, but the exact meaning is uncertain.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase ⲟⲩⲡⲁⲛϩⲟⲡⲗⲓⲁ ⲛ̄ϩⲱⲃ is unclear; it may be a scribal error or a metaphorical expression for divine armor. The reading 'panoply of work' follows the English draft but is tentative.","The verb ⲁⲩⲧⲟⲥⲕ̄ (he cast himself out) is ambiguous: it could refer to the king's action or the martyr's self-exposure; the context suggests the king orders the martyr cast out, but the Coptic may be corrupt."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[{"kind":"structure","severity":"info","label":"dialogue","text":"Dialogue: the passage is carried by direct speech and the verbs that introduce it. Speech boundaries are the translator's punctuation, not the manuscript's."}]},{"i":24,"ref":"p24","source":"ⲡⲉⲕϩⲙ̄ϩⲁⲗ • ⲡⲁⲗⲓⲛ ⲟⲛ ⲁϥⲕⲉⲗⲉⲩⲉ ⲛ̄ϭⲓ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ⲉ ⲧⲣⲉ\nⲩϣⲱⲗϭ̄ ⲙ̄ ⲡϥ̄ⲥⲱⲙⲁ • ⲛ̄ ϩⲉⲛϭⲟⲣⲧⲉ ⲉⲩϫⲏⲣ • ⲙⲛ̄ ϩⲉⲛⲙⲁⲥⲧⲓⲅⲝ̄ • ⲙⲛ︦ⲛ︦ⲥⲟⲥ ⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲡⲉⲣϣ̄ ⲛ̄ ϩⲉⲛϫⲃ̄ⲃⲥ̄ ⲛ̄ ⲕⲱϩⲧ̄\nϩⲁ ⲣⲟϥ • ϫⲉ ⲕⲁⲥ ⲉϥⲉⲣⲱⲕϩ̄ ⲕⲟⲩⲓ ⲕⲟⲩⲓ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁϥⲱϣⲙ̄\nⲛ̄ϭⲓ ⲡⲕⲱϩⲧ̄ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲥⲛⲟϥ • ⲙ̄ ⲡⲇⲓⲕⲁⲓⲟⲥ ⲉⲧ ϩⲁⲁⲧⲉ ⲉ\nⲡⲉⲥⲏⲧ • ⲡⲡⲉⲧ ⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ ⲇⲉ ⲁϥⲓ ⲉ ⲣⲟϥ • ϩⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲛⲟϭ\nⲙ̄ ⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ϫⲱⲱⲣⲉ • ϩⲛ̄ ϯ ⲕⲉ ⲃⲁⲥⲁⲛⲟⲥ • ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲇⲉ ⲇⲉⲕⲓⲟⲥ\nⲁϥⲧⲣⲉ ⲩⲟⲗϥ̄ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ϫⲉ ⲛⲉϥⲙⲟⲩ ϩⲛ̄ ⲟⲩϭⲉⲡⲏ • ⲁⲩⲱ\nⲁⲩⲟⲧⲡϥ̄ ⲉ ϩⲟⲩⲛ ⲉⲩⲙⲁⲛⲕⲁⲕⲉ • ϩⲛ̄ ⲟⲩϭⲉⲡⲏ • ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲧⲟⲓ\nⲇⲉ ⲁⲩϥⲓ ⲉ ϩⲁ ⲣⲟϥ • ⲉϥⲟ ⲙ ⲡⲁϣ ⲙⲟⲩ • ⲟⲩⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲕⲟⲩⲓ\nⲛ̄ ⲛⲓϥⲉ ϣⲟϫⲡ̄ ⲛ̄ϩⲏⲧϥ̄ • ⲉⲩⲙⲉⲉⲩⲉ ϫⲉ ⲁϥⲙⲟⲩ • ⲙⲛ︦ⲛ︦ⲥⲁ\nⲟⲩⲕⲟⲩⲓ ⲇⲉ ϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲩⲛⲟⲩ ⲉⲧ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲩ • ⲉⲥ (sic) ⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ ⲙ̄\nⲡϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ ⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲛϩ̄ ⲛⲁϥ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲁϥ • ϫⲉ\nϯⲣⲏⲛⲏ ⲛⲁⲕ • ⲡϣⲟⲉⲓϫ ⲛ̄ⲣⲉϥ | ϫⲣⲟ • ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣⲉ ϥϫⲓ ⲡⲁⲓ\nⲇⲉ ⲁϥⲧⲁⲗϭⲉ ⲛⲉϥⲥⲁϣ • ⲉⲧ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϥⲥⲱⲙⲁ • ⲁⲩⲱ\nⲁϥⲧⲁϩⲟϥ ⲉ ⲣⲁⲧϥ̄ • ⲉϥⲟϫ ϩⲱⲥ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲉϥⲧⲱⲟⲩⲛ • ⲛⲉϥⲁϩⲉ ⲣⲁⲧϥ̄ ⲉϥϯ ⲉⲟⲟⲩ • ⲙ̄ ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ • ⲛⲧⲟϥⲃⲟⲏⲑⲉⲓ ⲉ\nⲣⲟϥ • ⲙⲛ︦ⲛ︦ⲥⲁ ⲛⲁⲓ ⲁϥⲕⲉⲗⲉⲩⲉ ⲛ̄ϭⲓ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ⲉ ⲧⲣⲉ\nⲩⲧⲁϩⲟϥ ⲉ ⲣⲁⲧϥ̄ ⲉ ⲡⲃⲏⲙⲁ • ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣⲉ ϥ ⲇⲉ¹ ⲉ ⲣⲟϥ\nⲛ̄ϭⲓ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲁⲩϥⲓⲧⲕ̄ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲟⲟⲧ • ⲉⲕⲟ ⲙ̄\nⲡⲁϣ ⲙⲟⲩ • ⲛ︦ⲛ︦ ⲁϣ ⲛ̄ ϩⲉ ⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩ ⲕⲙⲟⲟϣⲉ • ⲙⲉϣⲁⲕ\nⲣⲱ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲗⲁⲁⲩ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲱⲗϩ̄ ϩⲓ ⲡⲉⲕⲥⲱⲙⲁ • ⲧⲟⲧⲉ ⲁϥⲕⲉⲗⲉⲩⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ϥⲁⲓ ⲙⲉⲣⲉϩ • ⲉ ⲧⲁϩⲉ ⲣⲁⲧⲟⲩ ⲉ ⲧⲣⲉ ⲩⲙⲟⲩϣⲧ̄\nⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϥⲥⲱⲙⲁ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲟⲩ ⲇⲉ ⲡⲉϫⲁⲩ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ϫⲉ ϣⲉ\nⲡⲕ̄ⲣⲁⲧⲟⲥ • ⲱ̄ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ⲛ̄ ⲉⲩⲥⲉⲃⲏⲥ • ⲡⲉϥⲥⲱⲙⲁ ⲧⲏⲣϥ̄\nⲟⲩⲟϫ •","english":"His servant. Again the king commanded that his body be torn with sharp iron combs and with whips, and afterwards they sprinkled burning coals under him so that he would burn little by little. And the fire was extinguished by the blood of the righteous one as it flowed downward. But the holy one came to him with great strength in the other torture. The king, however, ordered him to be taken out secretly so that he would not die in prison, and they threw him into a dark place secretly. The soldiers then took him under him, and he was near death. A little breath remained hidden within him, and they thought he had died. After a little while, at that very hour, an angel of the Lord appeared to him and said to him, \"Peace to you, O victorious athlete.\" When he received this, he strengthened his limbs that were in his body and stood him on his feet, and he was strong as if he had risen. He stood on his feet giving glory to God, and he helped him. After these things, the king commanded that he be brought to the tribunal. When the king came to him, he said to him, \"They have taken you from my hand while you were near death. How is it that you now walk? Have you no wound on your body?\" Then he commanded the executioners to stand and examine his body. They said to the king, \"O king, your strength, O impious one, his entire body is whole.","structure":"dialogue","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲥⲱⲙⲁ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic ⲥⲱⲙⲁ (from Greek σῶμα) appears repeatedly in this passage, referring to the physical body of the martyr under torture. In martyrdom accounts, after death it denotes the corpse; here it is the living body as the site of suffering and miraculous preservation.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic ⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ (Greek ἄγγελος) here refers to a divine messenger, specifically an angel of the Lord who appears to the martyr. The term is used in its standard Christian sense, not as a human envoy.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ (with definite article) names God, the Christian deity, as the recipient of the martyr's glorification. This is the ordinary usage in Coptic homilies and hagiography.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲡϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic ⲡϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ (Lord) here names Christ, consistent with homiletic usage. The angel is described as an 'angel of the Lord', i.e., a messenger of Christ.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"background","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The torture implements mentioned—iron combs (ϭⲟⲣⲧⲉ), whips (ⲙⲁⲥⲧⲓⲅⲝ), and burning coals (ϫⲃ̄ⲃⲥ̄ ⲛ̄ ⲕⲱϩⲧ̄)—are standard in Coptic martyrdom accounts, reflecting Roman judicial torture practices as remembered in hagiographic tradition.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage is classified as dialogue, containing direct speech from the angel ('Peace to you, O victorious athlete') and from the king ('How is it that you now walk?'). The exchanges advance the narrative of miraculous survival and confrontation.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase ⲉⲥ (sic) ⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ may be a scribal error or abbreviation; the intended reading is likely ⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ (an angel).","The Coptic ⲁⲩϥⲓ ⲉ ϩⲁ ⲣⲟϥ is ambiguous: 'they took him under him' may mean they carried him away or placed him under guard; the translation 'took him under him' follows the draft.","The phrase ⲛ̄ⲧⲟϥⲃⲟⲏⲑⲉⲓ ⲉ ⲣⲟϥ is unclear; it may mean 'he helped him' or 'he (the martyr) helped himself'; the draft reads 'he helped him'."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[{"kind":"structure","severity":"info","label":"dialogue","text":"Classified as dialogue from the Coptic cues."}]},{"i":25,"ref":"p25","source":"ⲙⲛ̄ ⲗⲁⲩ (sic) ⲛ̄ ⲧⲁⲕⲟ ϣⲟⲟⲡ ⲛ̄ϩⲏⲧϥ̄ • ⲛ̄ⲑⲉ ⲙ̄ⲡ\nⲟⲩϫⲱϩⲉ ⲉ ⲣⲟϥ ⲉ ⲡⲧⲏⲣϥ̄ • ⲇⲉⲕⲓⲟⲥ ⲇⲉ ϩⲱⲱϥ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ • ϫⲉ ⲡⲁⲛⲧⲱⲥ ϥ̄ⲛⲁϫⲟⲟⲥ • ϫⲉ | ⲡⲉⲭ︤ⲥ︥ ⲡⲉⲛⲧⲟϥⲧⲁⲗϭⲟⲓ • ⲙⲏ ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲓ ⲥⲁⲉⲓⲛ ⲉ ϩⲟⲩⲛ ⲉ ⲡⲉϣⲧⲉⲕⲟ • ⲉ ⲧⲣⲉ ϥⲑⲉⲣⲁⲡⲉⲩⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲟⲩ ⲇⲉ ⲡⲉϫⲁⲩ • ϫⲉ ϣⲁ ⲧⲉⲕⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲛⲟϭ ⲉⲧⲁⲓⲏⲩ • ⲉⲧ ⲁⲙⲁϩⲧⲉ ⲉϫⲛ̄ ⲧⲟⲓⲕⲟⲩⲙⲉⲛⲉ ⲧⲏⲣⲥ̄ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲡⲉ ⲗⲁⲁⲩ ⲛ̄ ⲑⲉⲣⲁⲡⲉⲩⲉ ⲛ̄ⲣⲱⲙⲉ ⲧⲁⲗϭⲟϥ • ⲁⲗⲗⲁ","english":"and there was no destruction within him, like a wound that had healed completely. But Decius himself said, \"At any rate, he will say that Christ is the one who healed me. Did you not take signs inward to the torture to have him heal him?\" They said, \"Your great and honored majesty, who holds the entire world, there is no human healing that can heal him, but","structure":"dialogue","commentary":[{"unit":"sense","kind":"sense","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"Decius speaks, anticipating that the martyr will credit Christ for his healing, and orders that signs of torture be taken inward to prevent any human healing.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲥⲁⲉⲓⲛ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic word ⲥⲁⲉⲓⲛ (sa-ein) means 'signs' or 'marks,' here likely referring to physical evidence of torture or wounds.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲑⲉⲣⲁⲡⲉⲩⲉ","severity":"info","text":"ⲑⲉⲣⲁⲡⲉⲩⲉ (therapeue) is a Greek loanword meaning 'to heal' or 'to treat medically,' used here in the context of human versus divine healing.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"background","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"Decius (ⲇⲉⲕⲓⲟⲥ) is the Roman emperor traditionally associated with the persecution of Christians in the mid-3rd century; his role as interrogator is typical in martyrdom narratives.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage is a dialogue unit: Decius speaks, then the courtiers respond, advancing the narrative of the martyr's miraculous survival.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic phrase ⲙⲛ̄ ⲗⲁⲩ (sic) ⲛ̄ ⲧⲁⲕⲟ ϣⲟⲟⲡ ⲛ̄ϩⲏⲧϥ̄ is ambiguous: it may mean 'there was no destruction within him' or 'there was no destruction for him,' but the sense of physical invulnerability is clear.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase ⲙⲛ̄ ⲗⲁⲩ (sic) ⲛ̄ ⲧⲁⲕⲟ ϣⲟⲟⲡ ⲛ̄ϩⲏⲧϥ̄ could be read as 'there was no destruction within him' (physical invulnerability) or 'there was no destruction for him' (general safety); the context of healing supports the former.","The clause ⲉ ⲧⲣⲉ ϥⲑⲉⲣⲁⲡⲉⲩⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ is ambiguous: 'to have him heal him' could refer to the torture healing the martyr (ironic) or to a human healer; the courtiers' response clarifies the latter."],"confidence":"high","notes":[{"kind":"structure","severity":"info","label":"dialogue","text":"Classified as dialogue from the Coptic cues."}]},{"i":26,"ref":"p26","source":"ⲙ̄ ⲙⲉⲉⲩⲉⲩⲉ (sic) ϫⲉ ϥⲛⲁⲙⲟⲩ ⲛ̄ ⲁϣ ⲛ̄ ϩⲉ ⲉϥⲟⲛϩ̄ • ⲏ̄\nⲛ̄ⲧⲟϥⲗⲟ ⲛ̄ ⲁϣ ⲛ̄ ϩⲉ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲛ̄ⲥⲟⲟⲩⲛ ⲁⲛ • ϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲁϣⲉ ⲛ̄\nϭⲟⲧ ⲧⲉ ⲧⲙⲁⲕⲓⲁ ⲛ̄ ⲭⲣⲓⲥϯⲁⲛⲟⲥ ⲛ̄ⲥⲁϥ : ⲙⲛ̄ ⲁϥⲣ̄ⲕⲱⲥ • ⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲟⲩ ⲇⲉ ϩⲱϥ ⲉϥⲁϩⲉ ⲣⲁⲧϥ̄ ⲉϥⲟⲩⲟϫ • ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲇⲉ\nⲁϥⲙⲟⲩϩ ⲛ̄ ϭⲱⲛⲧ̄ • ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲁϥ • ϫⲉ ⲁϫⲓⲥ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲓ • ϩⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲙⲉ ϫⲉ ⲛⲓⲙ ⲡⲉⲛ̄[ⲧ ⲟϥ]ⲧⲁⲗϭⲟⲕ ⲭⲟⲣⲓ̈ⲥ ⲙⲁⲅⲓⲁ • ⲁϥⲟⲩⲱϣⲃ̄ ⲛ̄ϭⲓ ⲡϩⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲙⲉⲣⲕⲟⲩⲣⲓⲟⲥ • ϫⲉ ⲡⲁ ϫⲥ̄ ⲓ︦ⲥ︦\nⲡⲉⲭ︦ⲥ︦ • ⲡⲥⲁⲉⲓⲛ ⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲯⲩⲭⲏ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲥⲱⲙⲁ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲟϥ ⲡⲉ\nⲛ̄ⲧⲟϥⲭⲁⲣⲓⲍⲉ ⲛⲁⲓ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲧⲁⲗϭⲟ • ⲛ̄ⲑⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲟϥϫⲟⲟⲥ ⲫⲁⲣⲙⲁⲅⲟⲥ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲣⲉϥⲙⲟⲩⲧⲉ : ⲙⲛ̄ ⲣⲉϥϣⲙ̄ϣⲉ ⲉⲇⲱⲗⲟⲛ (sic) • ⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲟ ⲛ̄|ϣⲙ̄ⲙⲟ ⲉ ⲣⲟϥ • ⲁⲩⲱ ϥ̄ⲛⲁⲙⲟⲣⲟⲩ • ⲛ̄ ϩⲉⲛⲙⲣ̄ⲣⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲁⲧ ⲃⲱⲗ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ⲛϥ̄ⲡⲁⲣⲁⲇⲓⲇⲟⲩ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲟⲩ • ⲉ ⲡⲕⲱϩⲧ̄ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲅⲉϩⲉⲛⲛⲁ • ⲉ ⲧⲃⲉ ϫⲉ ⲙ̄ⲡ ⲟⲩⲥⲟⲩⲛⲛ̄ ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥⲧⲁⲙⲓ̈ⲟⲟⲩ • ⲡⲉϫⲉ ϯⲛⲁⲁⲛϩⲁⲗⲓⲥⲕⲉ\nⲙ̄ ⲡⲕ̄ⲥⲱⲙⲁ ϩⲛ̄ ϩⲉⲛⲃⲁⲥⲁⲛⲟⲥ ⲉⲩⲛⲁϣⲧ̄ • ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲓⲛⲁⲩ\nϫⲉ ⲡⲉⲭ︤ⲥ︥ ⲉⲧ ⲉⲕⲛⲁϩⲧⲉ ⲉ ⲣⲟϥ ⲛⲁⲧⲁⲗϭⲟⲕ • ⲡⲉϫⲉ\nⲡϩⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲙⲉⲣⲕⲟⲩⲣⲓⲟⲥ • ϫⲉ ϯⲡⲓⲥⲧⲉⲩⲉ ϫⲉ ⲡⲁ ϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ ⲓ︦ⲥ︦\nⲡⲉⲭ︦ⲥ︦ • ϫⲉ ⲉⲕϣⲁⲛⲉⲓⲛⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲙⲏⲏϣⲉ ⲛ̄ϯⲙⲱⲣⲓⲁ ⲉ\nϫⲱⲓ • ⲛⲅ̄ ⲛⲁϣⲧⲣ̄ⲧⲱⲣⲧ̄ ⲁⲛ • ⲁϥϫⲟⲟⲥ ⲅⲁⲣ ϫⲉ ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ ⲣ︤\nϩⲟⲧⲟⲩ • ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲧ ⲛⲁⲙⲟⲩⲟⲩⲧ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲥⲱⲙⲁ • ⲉⲙⲛ̄ ϭⲟⲙ\nⲙⲟⲟⲩ (sic) • ⲉ ⲙⲟⲩⲟⲩⲧ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲯⲩⲭⲏ • ⲁⲣⲓ ϩⲟⲧⲉ ⲇⲉ\nϩⲏⲧϥ̄ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲟϥ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲧ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲛ̄ϭⲟⲙ ⲙ̄ⲟϥ (sic) • ⲉⲧⲁⲕⲟ ⲛ̄\nⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲯⲩⲭⲏ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲥⲱⲙⲁ • ϩⲣⲁⲓ ⲧⲅⲉϩⲉⲛⲁ • ⲧⲟⲧⲉ\nⲁϥⲕⲉⲗⲉⲩⲉ ⲛ̄ϭⲓ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ⲉ ⲧⲣⲉ ⲩⲉⲓⲛⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲡⲉⲛⲓ̈ⲡⲉ\nⲉϥⲗⲟⲃϣ̄ • ⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲕⲁⲁⲁϥ ϩⲁ ⲛⲉϥⲁⲅⲕⲁⲓⲟⲛ •","english":"They do not think that he will die in any way while he is alive. Or how he will be saved in any way, we do not know, for the malice of the Christians is a matter of great effort and cunning. But on that day he himself stood healthy. The king, however, was filled with anger. He said to him, \"Tell me truly, who is it that healed you without magic?\" The holy Mercurius answered, \"My Lord Jesus Christ, the physician of souls and bodies, it is he who granted me the healing.\" As he said this, the magician and the necromancers and the idol worshippers became strangers to him, and he will bind them with unbreakable fetters. He will hand them over to the fire of Gehenna, because they did not know the God who created them. He said, \"I will seize your body with severe tortures. Let me see if the Christ you cling to will heal you.\" The holy Mercurius said, \"I believe that my Lord Jesus Christ, if you bring a multitude of torments upon me, you will not disturb me.\" For he said, \"Do not fear those who will kill your body; they have no power to kill your soul. But fear him who has the power to destroy your soul and your body in Gehenna.\" Then the king commanded that a red-hot copper bed be brought and placed under his armpits.","structure":"dialogue","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ","severity":"info","text":"The definite article with ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ (ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ) here names the Christian God, as is standard in Coptic homilies.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ","severity":"info","text":"In this passage ϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ (Lord) refers to Christ, consistent with homiletic usage where it names Christ as master.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲯⲩⲭⲏ","severity":"info","text":"ⲯⲩⲭⲏ (soul) appears twice: once in the phrase 'physician of souls and bodies' and later in the contrast between killing the body and destroying the soul, preserving the Greek loanword's theological sense.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲥⲱⲙⲁ","severity":"info","text":"ⲥⲱⲙⲁ (body) is used in the same phrase 'physician of souls and bodies' and later in the threat to seize the body, reflecting the martyrdom context where the body is the site of torture.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"background","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The mention of Gehenna (ⲅⲉϩⲉⲛⲛⲁ) and the binding with unbreakable fetters reflects late antique Christian apocalyptic imagery, common in Coptic encomia to emphasize divine judgment.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲙ̄ ⲙⲉⲉⲩⲉⲩⲉ (sic)","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic ⲙ̄ ⲙⲉⲉⲩⲉⲩⲉ is likely a scribal error for ⲙ̄ⲙⲉⲩⲉ (they think) or a reduplicated form; the sense is clear from context.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase ⲙ̄ ⲙⲉⲉⲩⲉⲩⲉ is corrupt; the reading 'they do not think' is adopted based on context.","The identity of 'the magician and the necromancers and the idol worshippers' is ambiguous—they may be generic opponents or specific figures from the narrative."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[{"kind":"structure","severity":"info","label":"dialogue","text":"Dialogue: the passage is carried by direct speech and the verbs that introduce it. Speech boundaries are the translator's punctuation, not the manuscript's."},{"kind":"lacuna","severity":"caution","text":"The source is fragmentary here: the edition marks a break or an editorial bracket, and the English carries across it. Treat the bridge as supplied, not translated."}]},{"i":27,"ref":"p27","source":"ⲁⲩⲱ ϩⲉⲛⲗⲁⲙⲡⲁⲥ ⲛ̄ ⲕⲱϩⲧ̄ ϩⲁ ⲛϥ̄|ⲥⲡⲓ̈ⲣⲟⲟⲩⲉ • ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉ[ⲣ ⲟⲩⲣ̄\nⲡⲁⲓ ⲇⲉ • ⲉ ⲡⲙⲁ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲕⲁⲡⲛⲟⲥ • ⲁⲩⲥϯ ⲛⲟⲩϥⲉ ϣⲱⲡⲉ • ⲉϥϣⲱϣ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ⲉ ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲛⲓⲙ ⲉⲧ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲙⲁ ⲉⲧ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲩ • ⲉⲩⲃⲁⲥⲁⲛⲓⲍⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ ⲉ ⲡⲉⲓϩⲟⲩⲟ • ⲙ̄ⲡⲉ ϥⲁϣⲁϩⲟⲙ • ⲟⲩⲇⲉ\nⲙ̄ⲡⲉ ϥⲣⲓⲙⲉ • ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲛⲁϥ • ϫⲉ ⲉϥⲧⲱⲛ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲕⲥⲁⲉⲓⲛ ⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩ • ⲙⲁⲣⲉϥⲉⲓ ⲛϥ̄ⲑⲉⲣⲁⲡⲉⲩⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲕ • ⲕⲁⲓ\nⲅⲁⲣ ⲁⲕϫⲟⲟⲥ • ϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲛ̄ϭⲟⲙ ⲙⲟϥ (sic) ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲟⲥⲧ̄ ⲉⲓϣⲁⲛⲙⲟⲩ • ⲡϩⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲇⲉ ⲙⲉⲣⲕⲟⲩⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲁϥ • ϫⲉ ⲁⲣⲓ ⲡⲉⲧ ⲉϩⲛⲁⲕ • ⲟⲩⲛⲧⲁⲕ ⲉⲝⲟⲩⲥⲓⲁ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲉ ϩⲟⲩⲛ","english":"And lamps of fire under his ribs, and in the place of incense, a foul smoke arose, billowing outward, so that all who were in that place tortured him all the more. He did not groan, nor did he weep. The king said to him, “Where is your signet ring now? Let him come and heal you, for you said that he has the power to raise the dead.” But the holy Mercurius said to him, “Do what you will, for you have authority within.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"sense","kind":"sense","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁⲩⲱ ϩⲉⲛⲗⲁⲙⲡⲁⲥ ⲛ̄ ⲕⲱϩⲧ̄ ϩⲁ ⲛϥ̄ⲥⲡⲓ̈ⲣⲟⲟⲩⲉ","severity":"info","text":"The phrase describes lamps of fire placed under the ribs, a detail of torture not found in the earlier narrative. It intensifies the physical suffering Mercurius endures without complaint.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲡϩⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲙⲉⲣⲕⲟⲩⲣⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The epithet 'holy' (ⲡϩⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ) is applied to Mercurius, consistent with the pinned glossary term. It marks his sanctity even under torture.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲟⲩⲛ̄ϭⲟⲙ ⲙⲟϥ ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲟⲥⲧ̄ ⲉⲓϣⲁⲛⲙⲟⲩ","severity":"info","text":"The king's taunt echoes the Christian claim of Christ's power to raise the dead, a common motif in martyrdom accounts. No specific verse is cited, but it alludes to resurrection miracles.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲥⲁⲉⲓⲛ","severity":"info","text":"The signet ring (ⲥⲁⲉⲓⲛ) is a recurring object in the encomium, symbolizing Mercurius' authority and divine protection. Its absence here underscores the king's mockery.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲛⲁϥ","severity":"info","text":"The king's direct speech introduces a dialogue that contrasts his rage with Mercurius' calm response, a structural pattern in the narrative to highlight the saint's steadfastness.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲙⲟϥ","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic ⲙⲟϥ (sic) is likely a scribal error for ⲙⲙⲟϥ (of him) or ⲙⲟⲩ (death). The intended sense is 'power to raise the dead,' but the form is corrupt.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase ⲙⲟϥ is ambiguous: it may be a misspelling of ⲙⲟⲩ (death) or ⲙⲙⲟϥ (of him). The reading 'raise the dead' is adopted based on context.","The clause ⲉϥϣⲱϣ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ could mean 'billowing outward' or 'spreading out'; the translation follows the former."],"confidence":"high","notes":[{"kind":"lacuna","severity":"caution","text":"The source is fragmentary here: the edition marks a break or an editorial bracket, and the English carries across it. Treat the bridge as supplied, not translated."}]},{"i":28,"ref":"p28","source":"ⲉ ⲡⲁ ⲥⲱⲙⲁ • ⲧⲁ ⲯⲩⲭⲏ ⲇⲉ ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲡⲉⲧⲟ ⲛ̄ ϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ ⲉ\nⲣⲟⲥ • ⲡⲁ ⲥⲱⲙⲁ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲉⲕϣⲁⲛⲧⲁⲕⲟϥ • ⲧⲁ ⲯⲩⲭⲏ ⲛⲁⲙⲟⲩⲛⲉ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ⲉⲥⲟ ⲛ̄ ⲁⲧⲁⲕⲟ (sic) • ⲡⲁⲗⲓⲛ ⲟⲛ ⲁϥⲕⲉⲗⲉⲩⲉ\nⲛ̄ϭⲓ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ⲉ ⲧⲣⲉ ⲩⲥⲁϣⲧϥ̄ ⲛ̄ⲥⲁ ϫⲱϥ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲉⲓⲛⲉ ⲛ̄\nⲟⲩⲛⲟϭ ⲉⲛ ⲱⲛⲉ • ⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲁϣⲧϥ̄ ⲉ ⲡⲉϥⲙ̄ⲁⲕϩ̄ • ϫⲉ ⲕⲁⲥ ϩⲙ̄\nⲡⲧⲣⲉ ϥⲱϭⲧ̄ : ⲛϥ̄ⲙⲟⲩ ϩⲛ̄ ⲟⲩϭⲉⲡⲏ • ⲡⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩⲣⲟⲥ ⲇⲉ • ⲁ ⲧϭⲟⲙ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲱϩ (sic) ⲛ̄ϩⲏⲧϥ̄ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲧⲭⲁⲣⲓⲥ\nⲁϥ|ⲙⲟⲩⲛⲉ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ⲛ︦ⲛ︦ ⲟⲩⲛⲟϭ ⲛⲁⲩ • ϩⲛ̄ ϯⲃⲁⲥⲁⲛⲟⲥ\nⲧⲁⲓ • ⲇⲉⲕⲓⲟⲥ ⲇⲉ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣⲉ ϥⲛⲁⲩ ⲉ ⲡⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩⲣⲟⲥ • ϫⲉ ⲉϥϥⲓ ϩⲁⲛϯⲙⲱⲣⲓ̈ⲁ • ϩⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲙⲛ︤ⲧ︥ϫⲱⲱⲣⲉ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉ\nⲗⲁⲁⲩ ⲛ̄ⲃⲁⲥⲁⲛⲟⲥ ⲧⲁϩⲟϥ • ⲁϥⲕⲉⲗⲉⲩⲉ ⲉ ⲧⲣⲉ ⲩϥⲓ\nⲡⲱⲛⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲩ • ϩⲓ ⲡϥ̄ⲙⲁⲕϩ̄ • ⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲉⲓⲛⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲙⲁⲥⲧⲓⲅⲝ̄\nⲛ̄ⲕⲱⲃϩ̄ • ⲉⲥⲟ ⲛ̄ϥⲧⲟⲟⲩ ⲛ̄ϣⲗⲟⲡ • ⲛ̄ⲥⲉϩⲓⲟⲩⲉ ⲉ ⲣⲟϥ • ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲕⲁϩ ϩⲱⲣⲡ̄ ϩⲁ ⲡⲉϥⲥⲛⲟϥ • ⲡⲉⲅⲉⲛⲛⲁⲓⲟⲥ ⲇⲉ\nⲁϥⲧⲱⲟⲩⲛ ϩⲁ ϯⲕⲉ ⲃⲁⲥⲁⲛⲟⲥ • ⲛ̄ⲑⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲱⲛⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲁⲇⲁⲙⲁⲥ • ϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲉϥⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ϫⲱⲱⲣⲉ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ • ϫⲉ ϯⲉⲩⲭⲁⲣⲓⲥⲧⲟⲩ ⲛⲁⲕ • ⲡⲁ ϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ • ϫⲉ ⲁⲕⲁⲁⲧ ⲛ︦ⲙ︦ⲡϣⲁ ⲛ̄ ϣⲡ̄\nϩⲓ̈ⲥⲉ ⲉϫⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲕⲣⲁⲛ ⲉⲧ ⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ • ⲡⲣ︤ⲣ︥ⲟ ⲇⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣⲉ ϥⲛⲁⲩ\nⲇⲉ • ϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲁⲧ ⲡⲱⲛⲉ ⲡⲉ ⲡⲉϥⲗⲟⲅⲓⲥⲙⲟⲥ • ⲁⲩⲱ ϫⲉ\nⲛⲉϥϥⲁϣⲡⲓⲑⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ ⲁⲛ • ⲉ ⲧⲣⲉ ϥⲑⲩⲥⲓⲁⲍⲉ • ⲁϥϫⲓ\nϣⲟϫⲛⲉ • ⲛⲉϥϭⲉⲡⲏ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲉ ⲃⲱⲕ ⲉ ϩⲣⲱⲙⲏ • ⲁϥϯ\nⲁⲡⲟⲫⲁⲥⲓⲥ ⲉ ⲣⲟϥ • ⲉ ⲧⲣⲉ ⲩϯⲙⲱⲣⲓⲁ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ • ϩⲛ̄\nⲧⲥⲏϥⲉ ⲉϥ|ϫⲱ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲥ • ϫⲉ ⲙⲉⲣⲕⲟⲩⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲡⲉⲛ̄ⲧ ⲟϥϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲉϥⲥⲱϣ ⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁϥⲕⲁⲧⲁⲫⲣⲟⲛⲉⲓ ⲛ̄\nⲛ̄ⲇⲟⲅⲙⲁ ⲉⲧ ⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲉ ⲧⲛ̄ⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲣⲙ̄ⲣⲁϣ • ⲁϥⲟⲡϥ̄ ⲉⲩⲗⲁⲁⲩ ⲡⲉⲛⲅⲣⲁⲧⲟⲥ •","english":"My body, but my soul belongs to God, who is master over it. My body, if you destroy it, my soul will endure outside, being indestructible.\" Again the king commanded that he be dragged by his neck, and that a great stone be brought and tied to his neck, so that when he was thrown in, he would die quickly. The martyr, however, the power of God entered into him, and grace endured outward with great strength in this torture. Decius the king, when he saw the martyr bearing such torments with fortitude, and that no torture overcame him, commanded that the stone be lifted from his neck, and that a whip of four thongs, made of ox-hide, be brought, and that they strike his face until the earth drank his blood. The noble one, however, rose up under the other torture like a stone of adamant in his fortitude, and said, \"I give thanks to you, my Lord, for you have made me worthy to suffer for your holy name.\" The king, when he saw that his reasoning was like stone, and that he was not persuaded to sacrifice, took counsel. For his secrets were to go to Rome. He gave a sentence against him, that they should punish him with the sword, saying, \"Mercurius is the one who has become a blasphemer against the gods, and has scorned the holy dogmas of the empire.\" He condemned him to some penalty, the encratite.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲥⲱⲙⲁ","severity":"info","text":"In this passage, ⲥⲱⲙⲁ (body) is contrasted with ⲯⲩⲭⲏ (soul), following the martyrdom topos of the body as destructible and the soul as enduring. The term is used twice in the martyr's speech.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲯⲩⲭⲏ","severity":"info","text":"Here ⲯⲩⲭⲏ (soul) is presented as the part that belongs to God and is indestructible, distinct from the mortal body. This aligns with the hagiographical sense of the soul as the seat of eternal life.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩⲣⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"ⲡⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩⲣⲟⲥ (the martyr) refers to Mercurius, who is undergoing torture. The term is used in the narrative to identify him as a witness to the faith through suffering.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"background","lemma":"ⲇⲉⲕⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"Decius (ⲇⲉⲕⲓⲟⲥ) is the Roman emperor traditionally associated with the persecution of Christians in the mid-3rd century. His role here as the antagonist is standard in Coptic martyrdom accounts.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲉⲅⲉⲛⲛⲁⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic ⲡⲉⲅⲉⲛⲛⲁⲓⲟⲥ (the noble one) is ambiguous: it may refer to Mercurius or to a generic epithet. The English draft takes it as Mercurius, but the syntax allows either reading.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ","severity":"info","text":"ⲡⲁ ϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ (my Lord) in Mercurius's speech addresses Christ, consistent with the homiletic use of the term for Christ in Coptic texts.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase ⲡⲉⲅⲉⲛⲛⲁⲓⲟⲥ (the noble one) could refer to Mercurius or to a different figure; the English draft assumes Mercurius.","The Coptic ⲁϥⲟⲡϥ̄ ⲉⲩⲗⲁⲁⲩ ⲡⲉⲛⲅⲣⲁⲧⲟⲥ is unclear: the English draft renders 'he condemned him to some penalty, the encratite,' but the syntax is corrupt or elliptical.","The reading ⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲉⲓⲛⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲙⲁⲥⲧⲓⲅⲝ̄ ⲛ̄ⲕⲱⲃϩ̄ (they bring a whip of ox-hide) is clear, but the number of thongs (four) is specified in the English draft from the Coptic ⲛ̄ϥⲧⲟⲟⲩ ⲛ̄ϣⲗⲟⲡ."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩⲣⲟⲥ","text":"ⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩⲣⲟⲥ → “martyr”. Greek μάρτυς. 'Witness' is the older forensic sense and survives in the paschal and apologetic register; the hagiographical sense is 'martyr'."},{"kind":"homonym","severity":"caution","term":"ⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩⲣⲟⲥ","text":"ⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩⲣⲟⲥ carries more than one sense (witness); this passage takes it as “martyr”. The choice is the translator's, not a lexical given."},{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲯⲩⲭⲏ","text":"ⲯⲩⲭⲏ → “soul”. Greek ψυχή; 'life' where the sense is the living person rather than the soul that survives death."},{"kind":"homonym","severity":"caution","term":"ⲯⲩⲭⲏ","text":"ⲯⲩⲭⲏ carries more than one sense (life); this passage takes it as “soul”. The choice is the translator's, not a lexical given."}]},{"i":29,"ref":"p29","source":"[ϯ]ⲕⲉⲗⲉⲩⲉ ⲉ ⲧⲣⲉ ⲩϫⲓⲧϥ̄ ⲉ ⲧⲡⲟⲗⲓⲥ\nⲛ̄ ⲧⲕⲁⲡⲡⲁⲇⲟⲕⲓⲁ • ⲛ̄ⲥⲉϥⲓ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉϥⲁⲡⲉ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲙⲁ ⲉⲧ\nⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲩ • ⲉⲣⲉ ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲛⲓⲙ ⲛⲁⲩ ⲉ ⲣⲟϥ • ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲛⲓⲙ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩϫⲓ ⲉⲟⲟⲩ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲓⲧⲙ̄ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ • ⲉⲩϣⲁⲛⲁⲛϯⲗⲉⲅⲉ\nⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϥⲟⲩⲉϩⲥⲁϩⲛⲉ ⲥⲉⲛⲁϯ ⲛⲁϥ • ⲛ̄ ϩⲉⲛⲥⲏϣⲉ • ⲡϩⲁⲉ\nⲇⲉ ⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲛⲁⲡⲁⲣⲁⲇⲓⲇⲟⲩ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ • ⲉ ⲧⲟⲟⲧϥ̄ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲥⲏϥⲉ • Ⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩⲧⲁϣⲟⲩ ⲇⲉ ⲉ ⲧⲣⲉ ⲩϥⲓ̈ⲧϥ̄ • ⲁⲩϥⲓ ϩⲁ ⲣⲟϥ ⲁⲩⲧⲁⲗⲟϥ ⲉⲩⲧⲃ̄ⲛⲏ • ⲁⲩⲙⲟⲣϥ̄ ⲉ ϩⲣⲁⲓ ⲉ ϫⲱϥ • ϫⲉ ⲛⲉⲓ̈ ⲁ\nⲡⲥⲱⲙⲁ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩⲣⲟⲥ • ⲃⲱⲗ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ⲛ̄ ⲥⲁ ⲥⲁ ⲛⲓⲙ •","english":"The king commanded that he be taken to the city of Cappadocia, and that his head be cut off in that place, so that everyone might see his death. For all who had received honor from the king, if they should contradict his command, they would be given lashes. But in the end they would deliver him over to the sword. And those who had been ordered to carry him lifted him up, placed him on an animal, and bound him upon it, saying, \"This is the body of the martyr. Let everyone stand aside.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲥⲱⲙⲁ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic ⲥⲱⲙⲁ here refers to the corpse of the martyr, consistent with the hagiographical sense after death.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩⲣⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"ⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩⲣⲟⲥ is used in the hagiographical sense of 'martyr', as the body is identified as that of the martyr.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"external","lemma":"ⲧⲕⲁⲡⲡⲁⲇⲟⲕⲓⲁ","severity":"info","text":"Cappadocia is a historical region in Asia Minor, often a setting for martyrdom narratives in Coptic hagiography.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage is a narrative unit describing the king's command and the martyr's transport, following the previous dialogue on the soul's indestructibility.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲛⲉⲓ̈ ⲁ ⲡⲥⲱⲙⲁ","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic phrase ⲛⲉⲓ̈ ⲁ ⲡⲥⲱⲙⲁ is ambiguous; it may be a scribal error or a colloquialism. The translation 'This is the body' is adopted, but the exact reading is uncertain.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase ⲛⲉⲓ̈ ⲁ ⲡⲥⲱⲙⲁ is ambiguous; it may be a corruption or a dialectal form. The reading 'This is the body' is followed.","The exact location of the beheading (ⲧⲕⲁⲡⲡⲁⲇⲟⲕⲓⲁ) is not specified further in the text."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[{"kind":"lacuna","severity":"caution","text":"The source is fragmentary here: the edition marks a break or an editorial bracket, and the English carries across it. Treat the bridge as supplied, not translated."}]},{"i":30,"ref":"p30","source":"ⲁϥⲣ̄ ⲕⲱⲱⲥ • ⲁⲩⲙⲟⲟϣⲉ ⲇⲉ ϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲉϩⲓⲏ ⲉⲥⲟⲩⲏⲩ • ⲁⲩⲱ\nϩⲓⲧⲛ̄ ⲕⲟⲩⲓ ⲛ̄ϩⲟⲟⲩ • ⲁⲩⲡⲱϩ ⲉ ⲧⲡⲟⲗⲓⲥ ⲕⲁⲓⲥⲁⲣⲓⲁ • ⲁⲩⲱ\nⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲓ ϩⲉ ⲁⲩⲟⲩⲁϩϥ̄ ⲉ ⲡⲉⲥⲏⲧ | ⲕⲟⲩⲓ ⲕⲟⲩⲓ̈ • ⲡϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ ⲇⲉ\nⲁϥⲁϩⲉ ⲣⲁⲧϥ̄ ϩⲓ ϫⲱϥ • ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲁϥ • ϫⲉ ⲙⲉⲣⲕⲟⲩⲣⲓⲟⲥ • ⲁⲙⲟⲩ ⲛⲅ̄ ⲙ̄ⲧⲟⲛ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲕ ϩⲁϩⲧⲏⲓ • ⲉⲡⲓ̈ ⲇⲏ ⲁⲕϫⲉⲕ ⲡⲉⲕⲇⲣⲟⲙⲟⲥ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ⲁⲕϩⲁⲣⲉϩ ⲉ ⲧⲡⲓⲥⲧⲓⲥ • ϫⲓ ⲛⲁⲕ ⲙ̄\nⲡⲉⲕⲗⲟⲙ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ϣⲟⲉⲓ̈ϫ • ⲡⲉⲛⲧⲁⲩⲧⲟϣϥ̄ ⲛⲁⲕ • ⲉ[ⲕ]ⲗⲏⲣⲟⲛⲟⲙⲉⲓ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ • ⲡⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩⲣⲟⲥ ⲇⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣⲉ ⲡϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ\nⲟⲩⲱⲛϩ̄ ⲉ ⲣⲟϥ ⲁϥϭⲙ̄ϭⲟⲙ • ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲉⲧ ⲧⲟ ⲉ ⲣⲟϥ • ϫⲉ ⲁⲣⲓ ⲡⲉⲛⲧ ⲁⲩⲟⲩⲉϩⲥⲁϩⲛⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ ⲛⲏⲧⲛ̄ • ϩⲛ̄ ⲟⲩϭⲉⲡⲏ • ⲉⲣⲉ ⲡϫ︤ⲥ︥ ⲇⲉ ⲧⲱϩⲙ̄ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲛⲓⲙ ⲉ ϩⲟⲩⲛ • ⲉ ⲧⲙⲉⲧⲁⲛⲟⲓⲁ • ⲉϥⲉⲣ ⲧⲏⲩⲧⲛ̄ ⲛ︤ⲙ︥ⲡϣⲁ ⲛ̄ ⲧϥ̄ⲭⲁⲣⲓⲥ • ⲟⲩⲣⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲟ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲡⲉ ϣⲁϥⲭⲁⲣⲓⲍⲉ • ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲧ ⲛⲁϯ ⲡⲉⲩⲟⲩⲟⲓ ⲉ ⲣⲟϥ ϩⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲇⲱⲣⲓⲁ • ⲁϫⲛ̄ ⲫⲑⲟⲛⲟⲥ • ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣⲉ\nϥϫⲓ ⲛⲁⲓ • ⲇⲉ ⲁⲩϥⲓ̈ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉϥⲁⲡⲉ • ⲁϥϫⲱⲕ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ⲛ̄ ⲧϩⲟⲙⲟⲗⲟⲅⲓ̈ⲁ ⲉⲧ ⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩⲥ • ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲛⲥⲱⲧⲏⲣ ⲛ̄ⲥⲟⲩ ϫⲟⲩⲧⲏ\nⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲉⲃⲣⲓⲟⲥ • ⲉⲧⲉ ⲁⲑⲱⲣ ⲡⲉ • | ⲁⲩⲛⲟϭ ⲛ̄ ϣⲡⲏⲣⲉ ϣⲱⲡⲉ • ⲉⲥⲙ̄ⲡϣⲁ ⲛ︦ⲣ︦ ⲡⲉⲥⲙⲉⲉⲩⲉ • ⲙⲛ︦ⲛ︦ⲥⲁ ⲧⲣⲉ ⲡⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩⲣⲟⲥ\nϫⲱⲕ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ⲁ ⲡϥ̄ⲥⲱⲙⲁ ⲟⲩⲃⲁϣ ⲛ̄ⲑⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲭⲓⲱⲛ • ⲉϥϣⲉϣ ⲥϯ ⲛⲟⲩϥⲉ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ⲛ̄ⲑⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩϣⲟⲩϩⲏⲛⲉ ⲉϥⲥⲟⲧⲡ̄ • ⲉ ⲧⲃⲉ ⲡⲉⲓ ⲙⲁⲉⲓⲛ ϭⲉ • ⲁ ϩⲁϩ ⲛ̄ⲣⲱⲙⲉ ϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲛ̄ⲭⲣⲓⲥϯⲁⲛⲟⲥ • ⲡⲡⲉⲧ ⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ ⲇⲉ • ⲁⲩⲟⲩⲁϩϥ̄ ϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲟⲡⲟⲥ • ⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲛϩ̄ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ⲡⲙⲁ ⲉⲧ ⲉⲣⲉ ⲟⲩⲙⲏⲏϣⲉ ⲛ̄ϭⲟⲙ ϩⲓ\nⲧⲁⲗϭⲟ ϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲩ • ⲟⲩⲉⲟⲟⲩ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲡⲉⲓⲱⲧ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲡⲉϥⲙⲟⲛⲟⲅⲉⲛⲏⲥ ⲛ̄ ϣⲏⲣⲉ • ⲉ ⲓ︦ⲥ︦ ⲡⲉⲭ︦ⲥ︦ ⲡⲉⲛϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲡⲉⲡⲛ̄ⲁ ⲉⲧ ⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ •","english":"He made a detour. They traveled on the road, which was long, and after a few days they arrived at the city of Caesarea. And in this manner they brought him down little by little. But the Lord stood by him and said to him, \"Mercurius, come, rest yourself near me, for you have completed your course to the end. You have kept the faith. Take for yourself your crown of martyrdom, which has been appointed for you, to inherit it.\" And when the Lord revealed himself to him, the martyr took courage. He said to those who were with him, \"Do what was commanded to you quickly.\" But the Lord summons everyone to repentance, that you may be worthy of his grace. For he is a rich man who bestows gifts upon those who turn their faces to him with a gift, without envy. When he received these things, they cut off his head. He completed the good confession on the twenty-fourth of the month of Hathor, which is Athor. Great wonders occurred, worthy of remembrance. After the martyr had completed his course, his body became white like snow, emitting a fragrance like a sweet-smelling flower. Because of this sign, many people became Christians. The holy one was placed in a shrine, manifesting itself there, where a multitude of powers and healings occur. Glory to God the Father, and to his only-begotten son, Jesus Christ our Lord, and to the Holy Spirit.","structure":"dialogue","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲡⲓⲥⲧⲓⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic ⲧⲡⲓⲥⲧⲓⲥ (Greek πίστις) is rendered 'faith' here, but in the context of Mercurius's completed course, the sense of 'faithfulness' or 'steadfastness' is also present, as the term can denote reliability rather than mere assent.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲡⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩⲣⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"ⲡⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩⲣⲟⲥ (Greek μάρτυς) is consistently rendered 'martyr' in this hagiographical context, though the older forensic sense 'witness' survives in paschal and apologetic registers.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ ⲇⲉ ⲁϥⲁϩⲉ ⲣⲁⲧϥ̄ ϩⲓ ϫⲱϥ","severity":"info","text":"The Lord standing by the martyr echoes the biblical motif of divine encouragement before martyrdom, as seen in Acts 23:11 (Sahidic) where the Lord appears to Paul. The phrase 'rest yourself near me' (ⲙ̄ⲧⲟⲛ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲕ ϩⲁϩⲧⲏⲓ) parallels Christ's comforting words in the Passion narratives.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁⲑⲱⲣ","severity":"info","text":"The month Hathor (ⲁⲑⲱⲣ) corresponds to October–November in the Coptic calendar. The date 24 Hathor is a known feast day for Saint Mercurius in Coptic tradition, though the source edition does not specify the year.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁ ϩⲁϩ ⲛ̄ⲣⲱⲙⲉ ϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲛ̄ⲭⲣⲓⲥϯⲁⲛⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The conversion of many people after the martyr's death is a common hagiographical topos, emphasizing the miraculous sign of the body's whiteness and fragrance as a catalyst for mass conversion, reinforcing the saint's intercessory power.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁϥⲣ̄ ⲕⲱⲱⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The passage begins with a narrative detour (ⲁϥⲣ̄ ⲕⲱⲱⲥ) and shifts to direct dialogue between the Lord and Mercurius, marking a structural transition from travel narrative to divine revelation, typical of encomiastic homilies.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The Coptic ⲁϥⲣ̄ ⲕⲱⲱⲥ could mean 'he made a detour' or 'he turned aside', but the exact route is unspecified. The phrase ⲉⲥⲟⲩⲏⲩ (long) may refer to the road or the journey's duration. The identity of 'those who were with him' (ⲛⲉⲧ ⲧⲟ ⲉ ⲣⲟϥ) is ambiguous—possibly soldiers or disciples. The phrase ⲡⲡⲉⲧ ⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ (the holy one) could refer to the martyr's body or the shrine itself."],"confidence":"high","notes":[{"kind":"structure","severity":"info","label":"dialogue","text":"Classified as dialogue from the Coptic cues."},{"kind":"lacuna","severity":"caution","text":"The source is fragmentary here: the edition marks a break or an editorial bracket, and the English carries across it. Treat the bridge as supplied, not translated."}]},{"i":31,"ref":"p31","source":"ⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩ ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲟⲉⲓϣ ⲛⲓⲙ • ϣⲁ ⲛ̄ⲁⲓⲱⲛ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲛ̄ⲁⲓⲱⲛ ϩⲁⲙⲏⲛ =:::=:::","english":"Now, and at all times, unto all the ages of ages, amen.","structure":"doxology","commentary":[{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩ ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲟⲉⲓϣ ⲛⲓⲙ • ϣⲁ ⲛ̄ⲁⲓⲱⲛ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲛ̄ⲁⲓⲱⲛ ϩⲁⲙⲏⲛ","severity":"info","text":"This closing doxology follows the pattern of Coptic homiletic endings, with a temporal formula (now, at all times, unto all the ages of ages) and the concluding 'amen'.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ϩⲁⲙⲏⲛ","severity":"info","text":"ⲁⲙⲏⲛ (amen) is a transliterated Hebrew term, left untranslated in Coptic liturgy and doxologies, as per the pinned glossary.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"background","lemma":"ⲛ̄ⲁⲓⲱⲛ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲛ̄ⲁⲓⲱⲛ","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'unto all the ages of ages' echoes liturgical formulas (e.g., in the Coptic Doxology of the Saints) and reflects the eternal glorification of the martyr.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩ ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲟⲉⲓϣ ⲛⲓⲙ","severity":"info","text":"The doxology's temporal sweep (now, at all times) is typical of Coptic encomia, reinforcing the perpetual veneration of Saint Mercurius in liturgical practice.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.pseudoacacius-encomium-mercurius","label":"source edition: PseudoAcacius Encomium Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/PseudoAcacius_Encomium%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The Coptic punctuation (• and =:::=:::) may indicate a scribal or liturgical break, but the exact function is uncertain; the reading treats it as a doxological closing."],"confidence":"high","notes":[{"kind":"structure","severity":"info","label":"doxology","text":"Classified as doxology from the Coptic cues."}]}]}