{"slug":"budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","id":"coptic:coptic-ocr:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","title":"Martyrdom Mercurius","author":"Anonymous","genre":"hagiography","date":"","tradition":"coptic","coverage":"unknown","publication":{"status":"machine-draft","reviewed_by":null,"model":"deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash:floor","provider":"Relace","generated":"2026-11-14T04:23:17Z","cost_usd":0.03276},"source":{"registry_id":"coptic:coptic-ocr:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","work_id":"budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","edition":"coptic-ocr","license":"GNU GPL-3.0","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"},"stats":{"passages":43,"english_words":7737,"coptic_letters":24439,"commentary_units":243,"commentary_kinds":10,"derived_notes":60,"ambiguities":88,"work_notes":5,"external_links":0,"timeline":5},"summary":{"work":"budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","abstract":"The Martyrdom of Mercurius is a Coptic hagiography recounting the passion of Saint Mercurius, a Roman general turned Christian martyr. The narrative follows standard Coptic martyrdom conventions: a decree of persecution under emperors Decius and Valerian, the saint's steadfast refusal to sacrifice, and a climactic execution. Miraculous elements, such as divine intervention, underscore his sanctity. The text survives in fragmentary Bohairic Coptic manuscripts, with an early 20th-century English translation by E. A. Wallis Budge. It was used in Coptic liturgy and popular piety, commemorating Mercurius on the 25th of Hathor. The work's date is uncertain but likely falls between the 6th and 8th centuries CE, based on the development of the Mercurius cult and hagiographic style.","historical_context":"The Martyrdom of Mercurius is rooted in the Coptic Christian tradition of Egypt, likely composed between the 6th and 8th centuries CE, a period when Coptic hagiography flourished under Byzantine and early Islamic rule. The text reflects the community's veneration of martyrs from the Diocletianic persecution (early 4th century), though it anachronistically names Decius and Valerian (mid-3rd century) as persecutors, a common conflation in Coptic literature. The cult of Saint Mercurius, centered in Cairo (notably the Church of Saint Mercurius in Coptic Cairo), grew significantly in the medieval period. The work survives in fragmentary Bohairic Coptic manuscripts, transmitted through monastic scriptoria. Budge's edition, based on a single manuscript, represents a late copy. The text's formulaic structure—imperial edict, trial, torture, and martyrdom—aligns with the broader genre of Coptic martyrdom accounts, such as those of Saints George and Theodore.","significance":"The Martyrdom of Mercurius is a key witness to the development of the Mercurius cult in Coptic Christianity, illustrating how hagiography shaped communal identity and piety. Its miraculous elements and liturgical use reflect the saint's role as an intercessor and protector. The text also exemplifies the adaptation of Roman imperial tropes to Christian martyr narratives, reinforcing resistance to state-imposed paganism. It relates to other Coptic martyrdom accounts and the broader tradition of military saints in Eastern Christianity.","timeline":[{"date":"mid-3rd c.","event":"Historical reign of Roman emperors Decius and Valerian, under whom persecutions occurred."},{"date":"early 4th c.","event":"Diocletianic persecution, which later Coptic tradition often conflates with earlier persecutions."},{"date":"6th–8th c.","event":"Probable composition of the Martyrdom of Mercurius in Coptic, based on hagiographic style and cult development."},{"date":"medieval period","event":"Transmission of the text in Bohairic Coptic manuscripts, used in liturgy and popular devotion."},{"date":"early 20th c.","event":"E. A. Wallis Budge publishes an English translation from a Bohairic manuscript."}],"relations":[{"work":"Martyrdom of Saint George","relation":"Similar Coptic hagiography of a military saint with miraculous elements","key":"","label":null,"url":null},{"work":"Martyrdom of Saint Theodore","relation":"Another Coptic martyrdom account of a soldier-saint, sharing narrative conventions","key":"","label":null,"url":null},{"work":"Synaxarium (Coptic)","relation":"Liturgical compilation that includes Mercurius's commemoration on 25 Hathor","key":"","label":null,"url":null},{"work":"History of the Patriarchs of Alexandria","relation":"Historical context for Coptic hagiography and cult development","key":"","label":null,"url":null}],"external_links":[],"cautions":["The date of composition is uncertain; the 6th–8th century range is inferred from hagiographic style and cult history, not direct evidence.","The text survives only in fragmentary later copies; Budge's edition may reflect paraphrasing or conflation of variant readings.","The conflation of Decius and Valerian as co-emperors is historically inaccurate but common in Coptic martyrdom literature."],"model":"deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash:floor","provider":"Relace","cost_usd":0.000518,"generated":"2026-11-14T03:31:47Z"},"checks":{"work":"budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","status":"pass","blocking":[],"warnings":[],"stats":{"passages":43,"translated":43,"commentary_passages":43,"commentary_units":243,"english_words":7737,"coptic_letters":24439,"commentary_kinds":10},"model":"deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash:floor"},"work_notes":[{"unit":"transmission","kind":"transmission","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The sole surviving Coptic manuscript of the Martyrdom of Mercurius is a fragmentary parchment from the Monastery of St. Macarius, likely 10th–11th century.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":["Budge 1915"],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"background","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"Mercurius is venerated in the Coptic Orthodox Church on 25 Hathor (4 December). His cult spread to Ethiopia, where he appears in the Synaxarium as ‘Marqorios al-Sayf’.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"dating","kind":"chronology","basis":"external","lemma":"","severity":"caution","text":"The martyrdom is traditionally dated to the Decian persecution (250–251 CE), but the earliest manuscript evidence is medieval; the narrative contains anachronistic details.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"sense","kind":"sense","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"caution","text":"The Budge edition (1915) is based on a single damaged manuscript; lacunae and scribal errors obscure several passages, and no critical edition exists.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":["Budge 1915"],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"background","lemma":"","severity":"caution","text":"The text conflates the historical Mercurius with a later legendary figure who receives a sword from an angel; this blending of traditions is common in Coptic hagiography.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"derived_work_notes":[{"kind":"limit","severity":"caution","text":"The English is a machine draft produced passage by passage from the transcribed Coptic; no human has verified it. The commentary is model-written and cites only keys the pipeline could resolve."},{"kind":"register","severity":"info","text":"Register: hagiography in Sahidic Coptic; the English keeps the liturgical formulae and the vocatives rather than normalising them."},{"kind":"structure","severity":"info","text":"Passages: 33 narrative, 10 dialogue."},{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","text":"25 glossary term(s) recorded at first occurrence from a curated list of 53; the term index below gives the rendering and the count."},{"kind":"caution","severity":"caution","text":"13 passage(s) are fragmentary in the source; the English bridges each break and says so in the note."},{"kind":"source","severity":"info","text":"Source edition: coptic-ocr — GNU GPL-3.0"}],"derived_structure":{"narrative":33,"dialogue":10},"term_index":[{"coptic":"ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ","english":"God","count":29,"first_passage":5,"note":"Sahidic ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ is the ordinary word for 'god'. With the definite article (ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ) in Christian texts it names God; without it, a god or the divine."},{"coptic":"ⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩⲣⲟⲥ","english":"martyr","count":11,"first_passage":1,"note":"Greek μάρτυς. 'Witness' is the older forensic sense and survives in the paschal and apologetic register; the hagiographical sense is 'martyr'."},{"coptic":"ⲥⲱⲙⲁ","english":"body","count":10,"first_passage":6,"note":"In martyrdom accounts ⲥⲱⲙⲁ after death is the corpse; in ascetic literature it is the body as the site of struggle."},{"coptic":"ⲧⲡⲉ","english":"heaven","count":8,"first_passage":5,"note":"The abode of God in these texts; 'sky' only in strictly cosmological passages, which are rare here."},{"coptic":"ⲃⲏⲑⲗⲉⲉⲙ","english":"Bethlehem","count":7,"first_passage":35,"note":""},{"coptic":"ⲙⲁⲑⲏⲧⲏⲥ","english":"disciple","count":6,"first_passage":32,"note":""},{"coptic":"ⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ","english":"angel","count":5,"first_passage":4,"note":"Greek ἄγγελος; 'messenger' only where a human envoy is meant (rare in this corpus)."},{"coptic":"ⲉⲕⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ","english":"church","count":5,"first_passage":22,"note":"The building, the congregation, and the institution all take this word; the context decides, and 'assembly' is rare outside citations of Acts."},{"coptic":"ⲁⲙⲏⲛ","english":"amen","count":4,"first_passage":21,"note":"Transliterated Hebrew, left untranslated in the liturgy and in the doxologies that close a homily."},{"coptic":"ⲡⲣⲟⲫⲏⲧⲏⲥ","english":"prophet","count":4,"first_passage":27,"note":""},{"coptic":"ⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ","english":"bishop","count":3,"first_passage":21,"note":""},{"coptic":"ⲗⲁⲟⲥ","english":"people","count":3,"first_passage":29,"note":"Greek λαός. In liturgical description it is the congregation as distinct from the clergy, i.e. the laity."},{"coptic":"ⲯⲩⲭⲏ","english":"soul","count":2,"first_passage":17,"note":"Greek ψυχή; 'life' where the sense is the living person rather than the soul that survives death."},{"coptic":"ⲥⲧⲁⲩⲣⲟⲥ","english":"cross","count":2,"first_passage":21,"note":"Greek σταυρός: the instrument of execution, and by extension the suffering it names. In martyrdom texts it is the mode of death, not a devotional object."},{"coptic":"ⲉⲓⲣⲏⲛⲏ","english":"peace","count":1,"first_passage":1,"note":"Greek εἰρήνη. ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲉⲓⲣⲏⲛⲏ in a colophon is the liturgical formula 'in peace', not a comment on civil order."},{"coptic":"ϩⲙⲟⲧ","english":"grace","count":1,"first_passage":1,"note":"The unearned favour of God; 'favour' where a human patron is meant."},{"coptic":"ⲉⲑⲛⲟⲥ","english":"nation","count":1,"first_passage":2,"note":"Greek ἔθνος. In the plural, the Gentiles as a category over against Israel; in the singular, a nation like any other."},{"coptic":"ⲕⲁⲣⲡⲟⲥ","english":"fruit","count":1,"first_passage":6,"note":"Greek καρπός; in homiletic allegory the fruit is a virtue or a work, and the note should say so rather than leaving 'fruit' literal."},{"coptic":"ⲁⲡⲟⲥⲧⲟⲗⲟⲥ","english":"apostle","count":1,"first_passage":10,"note":""},{"coptic":"ⲥⲁⲧⲁⲛⲁⲥ","english":"Satan","count":1,"first_passage":13,"note":""},{"coptic":"ⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ","english":"holy","count":1,"first_passage":15,"note":"Adjectivally 'holy'; with the article as a noun it names a saint, and in the plural the saints as a body."},{"coptic":"ⲡⲣⲉⲥⲃⲩⲧⲉⲣⲟⲥ","english":"presbyter","count":1,"first_passage":23,"note":"Greek πρεσβύτερος. 'Presbyter' where the clerical order is at issue; 'elder' where the sense is seniority."},{"coptic":"ϣⲗⲏⲗ","english":"pray","count":1,"first_passage":31,"note":""},{"coptic":"ⲙⲁⲣⲓⲁ","english":"Mary","count":1,"first_passage":37,"note":"The Theotokos in homilies and Marian apocrypha; the sister of Martha in other contexts."},{"coptic":"ϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ","english":"Lord","count":1,"first_passage":39,"note":"Renders Yahweh in the Sahidic Bible and names Christ in homilies; 'master' is the everyday social sense and the right one in a parable about slaves."}],"citations":{"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius":{"label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}},"segments":[{"i":1,"ref":"p1","source":"ⲦⲘⲀⲢⲦⲨⲢⲒⲀ Ⲛ ⲪⲀⲄⲒⲞⲤ ⲘⲈⲢⲔⲞⲨⲢⲒⲞⲤ\nⲠⲈⲤⲦⲢⲀⲦⲎⲖⲀⲦⲎⲤ ⲀⲨⲰ ⲠⲘⲀⲢⲦⲨⲢⲞⲤ\nⲈⲦ ⲞⲨⲀⲀⲂ Ⲙ̄ ⲠⲈⲬ︦Ⲥ︦ Ⲛ̄ⲦⲀϤϪⲞⲔⲤ̄ Ⲉ ⲂⲞⲖ\nϨⲢⲀⲒ ϨⲘ̄ ⲠⲞⲞⲨ Ⲛ̄ϨⲞⲞⲨ ⲈⲦⲈ ⲠⲈⲒ ⲠⲈ\nⲤⲞⲨ ϪⲞⲦⲈ Ⲙ̄ ⲠⲈⲂⲞⲦ ⲀⲐⲰⲢ ϨⲚ̄ ⲞⲨⲈⲒⲢⲎⲚⲎ Ϥ︦Ⲑ • Ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲟⲩⲟⲉⲓϣ ⲛ̄ ⲇⲉⲕⲓⲟⲥ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲁⲗⲉⲣⲓⲁⲛⲟⲥ ⲉⲩⲟ\nⲛ︦ⲣ︦ⲣⲟ ϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲛⲟϭ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲟⲗⲓⲥ ϩⲣⲱⲙⲏ • ⲁⲩⲕⲱ ⲉ ϩⲣⲁⲓ ⲛ̄\nⲟⲩⲇⲓⲁⲧⲁⲅⲙⲁ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲟⲩϣⲟϫⲛⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲱⲧ ϩⲱⲥ ⲧⲉ ⲉ ⲧⲣⲉ\nⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲛⲓⲙ ϩⲙ̄ ⲙⲁ ⲛⲓⲙ • ⲑⲩⲥⲓⲁⲍⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲛ̄ ⲛⲁⲩ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁⲩⲙⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲉ ⲛ̄ⲥⲩⲅⲕⲗⲏϯⲕⲟⲥ\nⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ • ⲁⲩⲕⲱ ⲛⲁⲩ ⲉ ϩⲣⲁⲓ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩⲙⲉⲉⲩⲉ ⲉ\nⲣⲟⲟⲩ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲓ ϣⲟϫⲛⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲱⲧ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁⲩϩⲉ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲟⲩ\nⲉⲩⲟ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩϩⲏⲧ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲱⲧ ⲛⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲩ ⲁⲩⲣⲁϣⲉ ⲉⲙⲁⲧⲉ ⲉⲩϫⲱ\nⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲧⲛ̄ϣⲡ̄ ϩⲙⲟⲧ ⲛ̄ⲧⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲁⲧ ⲙⲟⲩ ⲛⲁⲓ\nⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩϭⲱⲗⲡ̄ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲓ ⲅⲛⲱⲙⲏ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲱⲧ • ⲁⲩⲱ ϩⲛ̄\nⲧⲉⲓ ⲟⲩⲛⲟⲩ ⲉⲧ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲩ • ⲁⲩⲟⲩⲉϩⲥⲁϩⲛⲉ ⲉ ⲕⲱ ⲉ ϩⲣⲁⲓ\nⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲇⲟⲅⲙⲁ ⲉϥⲥⲏϩ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲓ ϩⲉ ϩⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲥϩⲁⲓ ⲛ̄ⲧⲉ | ⲡⲣ̄ⲣⲟ\nⲉϥⲥⲏϩ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲓ ⲧⲩⲡⲟⲥ ⁖-ⲇⲉⲕⲓⲟⲥ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲁⲗⲉⲣⲓⲁⲛⲟⲥ\nⲛ︦ⲣ︦ⲣⲱⲟⲩ ⲛ̄ⲁⲩⲧⲱⲕⲣⲁⲧⲱⲣ ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛ̄ⲉⲩⲥⲉⲃⲏⲥ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲥⲩⲅⲕⲗⲏϯⲅⲟⲥ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲛ̄ ϩⲣⲱⲙⲏ • ⲉⲩⲥϩⲁⲓ̈ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲧ ⲟⲩⲏⲏϩ\nϩⲙ̄ ⲙⲁ ⲛⲓⲙ • ⲁⲛⲟⲡϥ̄ ϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲁⲛⲁⲅⲕⲁⲓⲟⲛ ⲡⲉ ⲉ ⲧⲣⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲙⲱⲧⲛ̄ • ⲉ ⲛⲉⲧ ⲉⲣⲁⲛⲁⲛ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲛ̄ ⲙ̄ⲧⲟ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • Ⲉⲡⲉⲓ ⲇⲏ ϩⲁ\nⲑⲏ Ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲛⲟϭ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲟⲉⲓⲉⲓϣ (sic) ⲁⲛϩⲉ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲥ • ϫⲉ ⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ\nⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲛⲉⲓⲟⲟⲧⲉ ⲉⲧ ⲧⲁϩⲟ ⲉ ⲣⲁⲧⲥ̄ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲛ̄ⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲉⲣⲟ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲉⲧ\nⲭⲁⲣⲓⲍⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲧ ⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϥ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲛⲓⲙ • ⲉⲧ ϩⲁ ⲡⲉⲛⲁⲙⲁϩⲧⲉ • ⲉⲛⲥⲟⲟⲩⲛ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲩⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲣⲉϥⲣ̄ⲡⲉⲛⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϥ (sic) • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲩⲇⲱⲣⲉⲁ •","english":"The Martyrdom of the Holy Mercurius\nThe General and the Martyr\nWho is Holy in Christ, Whose Commemoration Is Completed\nToday, on This Day, Which Is\nthe Twenty-Fifth of the Month of Hathor, in Peace. In the time of Decius and Valerian, who were\nemperors in the great city of Rome, they established\na decree and a unanimous counsel, as if to\ncause everyone everywhere\nto sacrifice to the gods and to bow down to them openly. And they summoned\nall the senators.\nThey set before them the things they had thought\nconcerning this unanimous counsel. And they agreed\nwith one heart with them, and rejoiced greatly, saying,\n\"We thank the immortal gods\nthat this opinion has been revealed openly.\" And at\nthat same hour, they commanded to establish\na written edict in this manner, of the\nemperor, written in this form: \"Decius and Valerian,\nemperors, autocrats and pious, with\nall the senators of Rome, write to those who dwell\neverywhere. It is necessary that we inform you\nconcerning those who are contrary to the spirit of the empire. For now,\nat this great time, we have come to know\nthat the gods of our fathers, which establish the kingdom\nand bestow what is good upon everyone who is under our authority,\nwe know their benefactions\nand their gifts.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩⲣⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Greek loanword μάρτυς appears twice in the title: once in the plural construct ⲧⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩⲣⲓⲁ (the martyrdom) and once as ⲡⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩⲣⲟⲥ (the martyr). The hagiographical sense is fixed; the forensic sense 'witness' is not operative here.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲉⲓⲣⲏⲛⲏ","severity":"info","text":"ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲉⲓⲣⲏⲛⲏ is the liturgical formula 'in peace', not a comment on civil order. It closes the dating clause and is typical of Coptic hagiographic colophons.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"background","lemma":"ⲇⲉⲕⲓⲟⲥ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲁⲗⲉⲣⲓⲁⲛⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"Decius and Valerian are historical Roman emperors (Decius r. 249–251, Valerian r. 253–260) known for persecuting Christians. The pairing is anachronistic in a single reign but common in hagiography to intensify the threat.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The passage opens with a title and dating formula (Hathor 25, in peace), then shifts to a narrative of the imperial decree. The edict is quoted in direct speech, a common hagiographic device to dramatize the persecution.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲟⲩⲟⲉⲓⲉⲓϣ","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic ⲟⲩⲟⲉⲓⲉⲓϣ (for ⲟⲩⲟⲉⲓϣ 'time') shows a scribal doubling of the vowel, likely a copying error. The sense is clear from context: 'at this great time'.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ϩⲙⲟⲧ","severity":"info","text":"ⲧⲛ̄ϣⲡ̄ ϩⲙⲟⲧ 'we thank' (lit. 'we receive grace') uses ϩⲙⲟⲧ in its theological sense of unearned divine favour. The senators' thanksgiving to the 'immortal gods' is ironic in a Christian martyrdom.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The pairing of Decius and Valerian as co-emperors is historically inaccurate; the text may conflate two separate persecutions for narrative effect.","The phrase ⲛ̄ⲧⲛ̄ⲙⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲟ (line 20) is ambiguous: it could mean 'the kingdom' (abstract) or 'the royal power' (concrete). The translation 'the kingdom' is adopted."],"confidence":"high","notes":[{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩⲣⲟⲥ","text":"ⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩⲣⲟⲥ → “martyr”. Greek μάρτυς. 'Witness' is the older forensic sense and survives in the paschal and apologetic register; the hagiographical sense is 'martyr'."},{"kind":"homonym","severity":"caution","term":"ⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩⲣⲟⲥ","text":"ⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩⲣⲟⲥ carries more than one sense (witness); this passage takes it as “martyr”. The choice is the translator's, not a lexical given."},{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲉⲓⲣⲏⲛⲏ","text":"ⲉⲓⲣⲏⲛⲏ → “peace”. Greek εἰρήνη. ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲉⲓⲣⲏⲛⲏ in a colophon is the liturgical formula 'in peace', not a comment on civil order."},{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ϩⲙⲟⲧ","text":"ϩⲙⲟⲧ → “grace”. The unearned favour of God; 'favour' where a human patron is meant."}]},{"i":2,"ref":"p2","source":"ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲑⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩϫⲟⲟⲥ ⲙⲁⲗⲗⲟⲛ ⲇⲉ\nⲁⲛⲁⲡⲟⲗⲁⲩⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϫⲣⲟ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲓ ⲧⲟⲟⲧⲟⲩ ⲉϫⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ϩⲉⲑⲛⲟⲥ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⁖-ⲟⲩ ⲙⲟⲛⲟⲛ ⲇⲉ ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ⲁⲩⲭⲱⲣⲏⲅⲉⲓ\nⲛⲁⲛ ⲛ̄ ϩⲉⲛⲕⲁⲣⲡⲟⲥ ⲉⲩⲟϣ ϩⲓ̈ⲧⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲕⲣⲁⲥⲓⲥ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲁⲏⲣ • ⲉ ⲧⲃⲉ Ⲡⲁⲓ ⲁⲛⲕⲱ ⲉ ϩⲣⲁⲓ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲓ ⲇⲟⲅⲙⲁ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩϣⲟϫⲛⲉ\nⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲱⲧ ⲁⲛⲟⲛ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲥⲩⲅⲕⲗⲏϯⲕⲟⲥ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ϩⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲛⲟϭ\nⲛ̄ ⲥⲡⲟⲩⲇⲏ | ϩⲱⲥ ⲧⲉ ⲉ ⲧⲣⲉ ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲛⲓⲙ ϩⲙ̄ ⲙⲁ ⲛⲓⲙ • ⲛ̄ⲣⲙ̄ϩⲉ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ϩⲙ̄ϩⲁⲗ • ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲧⲟⲓ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲅⲁⲛⲟⲥ\nⲉ ⲧⲣⲉⲩⲉⲓⲛⲉ ⲉ ϩⲟⲩⲛ • ⲛ̄ ϩⲉⲛⲑⲩⲥⲓⲁ • ⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲟⲩⲱⲧⲛ̄ ⲛⲁⲩ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ϩⲉⲛⲧⲱⲃϩ̄ • ⲙⲛ̄ ϩⲉⲛⲥⲟⲡⲥⲡ̄ • ⲣ̄ϣⲁⲛ\nⲟⲩⲁ ⲇⲉ ϩⲓ ⲧⲟⲟⲧϥ̄ ⲉⲧⲥ̄ⲧⲟ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲅⲙⲁ ⲉⲧ\nⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲛⲕⲉⲗⲉⲩⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ ϩⲛ̄ ⲟⲩϣⲟϫⲛⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲱⲧ • ⲡⲉⲛⲕⲣⲁⲧⲟⲥ ⲕⲉⲗⲉⲩⲉ ⲉ ⲉⲧⲡ̄ ⲡⲁⲓ̈ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲓ ⲙⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲉ ⲉ ϩⲟⲩⲛ • ⲉⲩⲉϣⲧⲉⲕⲟ ⲛ̄ ⲕⲁⲕⲉ ⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲡⲁⲣⲁⲇⲓⲇⲟⲩ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ ⲛ̄ ϩⲉⲛⲃⲁⲥⲁⲛⲟⲥ ⲉⲩⲛⲁϣⲧ̄ • ⲡⲉⲧ ⲛⲁⲥⲱⲧⲙ̄ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲥⲁ ⲡⲉⲛⲡⲣⲟⲥⲧⲁⲅⲙⲁ ϥⲛⲁϫⲓ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲓ ⲧⲟⲟⲧⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲛⲟϭ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲁⲓⲟ • ⲉϥϣⲁⲛ ⲣ̄ ⲁⲧ ⲥⲱⲧⲙ̄ ⲇⲉ ⲛ̄ⲥⲱⲛ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲡⲉⲛⲧⲟⲅⲙⲁ ⲉⲩⲉⲡⲁⲣⲁⲇⲓⲇⲟⲩ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ ⲛ̄ ϯϯⲙⲟⲣⲓⲁ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲥⲏϥⲉ • ⲏ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲩ\nⲛ̄ⲉⲓⲟⲟⲩⲉ • Ⲏ ⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲧⲁⲁϥ ⲛ̄ ϩⲣⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲑⲏⲣⲓⲟⲛ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ϩⲁⲗⲁⲧⲉ • ⲛ̄ϩⲟⲩⲟ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲉⲭⲣⲓⲥϯⲁⲛⲟⲥ ⲉⲩⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ ϩⲁ ϯⲁⲡⲟⲫⲁⲥⲓⲥ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲓ ⲙⲓ̈ⲛⲉ • Ⲛⲉⲧ ⲛⲁ ⲥⲱⲧⲙ̄ ⲇⲉ ϩⲱⲟⲩ ⲛ̄ⲥⲁ |\nⲡⲉⲛⲇⲟⲅⲙⲁ ⲉϥⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲉϥⲟⲛ︤ϩ︥ ϩⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲙⲛ︤ⲧ︥ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ • Ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣ ⲟⲩⲦⲱϭⲉ ⲇⲉ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲡⲣⲟⲥⲧⲁⲅⲙⲁ ⲙ̄\nⲡⲣ︤ⲣⲟ • ⲁ ⲧⲡⲟⲗⲓⲥ ⲧⲏⲣⲥ̄ ϩⲣⲱⲙⲏ ⲙⲟⲩϩ ⲛ̄ ϣⲧⲟⲣⲧⲣ̄\nⲟⲓ ϩⲟⲧⲉ ⲟⲩ ⲙⲟⲛⲟⲛ ⲇⲉ ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ⲛ̄ ⲕⲉ ⲡⲟⲗⲓ̈ⲥ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲁⲩϣⲧⲟⲣⲧⲣ̄ • ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ϫⲉ ⲁⲩⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲟⲩ ϣⲁ ⲣⲟⲟⲩ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲓ\nⲇⲓⲁⲧⲁⲅⲙⲁ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲱⲧ •","english":"according to what was said, but rather\nthey enjoyed the victory outside, from their hands, over all the nations. Not only that, but they also provided\nfor us fruits that are ripe through the mixture of the air. Because of this, we set down this decree of a single counsel,\nwe and all the senators, with great\nzeal, so that everyone everywhere,\nfreemen and slaves,\nsoldiers and civilians,\nmight bring in\nsacrifices to the gods and bow down to them,\nwith prayers and supplications. If\nanyone, however, on his part, stands out from the holy decree\nwhich we have commanded with a single counsel, our mighty one commands that this one be brought in,\nthat they cast him into darkness and hand him over to severe tortures.\nBut he who will listen to our edict will receive from us great honor.\nIf he is disobedient to us and our decree, they will hand him over to the madness of the sword,\nor to the beasts,\nor to the birds. Especially the Christians will be under this kind of sentence.\nThose who will listen, however, to\nour decree will live in blessedness.\nWhen the king's edict was published,\nthe whole city of Rome was filled with turmoil\nand fear. Not only that, but all the other cities also were troubled,\nbecause they sent to them this same\ndecree.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ","severity":"info","text":"The plural ⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ (without the definite article) here refers to the pagan gods, consistent with the emperors' decree to sacrifice.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲉⲑⲛⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"ⲛ̄ϩⲉⲑⲛⲟⲥ (plural of ⲉⲑⲛⲟⲥ) here means 'the nations' or 'the Gentiles', a standard Coptic rendering of Greek ἔθνη in a Christian context.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"background","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The emperors Decius and Valerian (named in the previous passage) historically issued edicts requiring universal sacrifice to Roman gods, targeting Christians. This passage dramatizes that decree.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The passage shifts from a narrative of imperial victory to the direct speech of the emperors' decree, marked by ⲁⲛⲕⲱ ⲉ ϩⲣⲁⲓ (we set down).","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"background","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The description of Christians being handed over to beasts or the sword echoes familiar hagiographic tropes, reinforcing the genre's martyrological focus.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase ⲁⲛⲁⲡⲟⲗⲁⲩⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϫⲣⲟ (they enjoyed the victory) is ambiguous: it may refer to the emperors or to an unspecified group; the translation takes it as the emperors.","The Coptic ⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲧⲁⲁϥ ⲛ̄ ϩⲣⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲑⲏⲣⲓⲟⲛ (or to the beasts) is a standard formula, but the exact referent of ⲛ̄ϩⲣⲉ (as food) is uncertain; the translation renders it as 'to the beasts'."],"confidence":"high","notes":[{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲉⲑⲛⲟⲥ","text":"ⲉⲑⲛⲟⲥ → “nation”. Greek ἔθνος. In the plural, the Gentiles as a category over against Israel; in the singular, a nation like any other."},{"kind":"homonym","severity":"caution","term":"ⲉⲑⲛⲟⲥ","text":"ⲉⲑⲛⲟⲥ carries more than one sense (Gentile, people); this passage takes it as “nation”. The choice is the translator's, not a lexical given."}]},{"i":3,"ref":"p3","source":"ⲛ̄ⲁⲣⲭⲱⲛ ⲇⲉ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲡⲟⲗⲓⲥ\nⲁⲩⲟⲩⲉϩⲥⲁϩⲛⲉ ⲛⲙ̄ⲙⲏⲏϣⲉ • ⲉ ⲧⲣⲉⲩϫⲱⲕ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉ\nⲛⲧⲁⲩⲟⲩⲉϩⲥⲁϩⲛⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲟⲩ ⲛⲁⲩ ϩⲛ̄ ⲟⲩϭⲉⲡⲏ ⁖-ⲁⲥϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲇⲉ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲟⲩⲟⲉⲓϣ ⲉⲧ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲩ ⲁⲩⲡⲟⲗⲩⲙⲟⲥ\nⲧⲱⲟⲩⲛ ⲉϫⲛ̄ ⲛⲉϩⲣⲱⲙⲁⲓⲟⲥ • ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲓⲧⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲃⲁⲣⲃⲁⲣⲟⲥ • ⲉⲩⲧⲣⲉ ⲡⲉⲩⲁⲩⲉⲓⲛ ϣⲟⲃⲉ • ⲁⲩⲥⲟⲃⲧⲉ ϩⲱⲟⲩ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲩⲥⲧⲣⲁⲧⲓⲩⲙⲁ • ⲉ ⲧⲣⲉⲩⲡⲟⲗⲉⲙⲉⲓ ⲛⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲩ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁⲩⲟⲩⲉϩⲥⲁϩⲛⲉ ⲉ ⲧⲣⲉ ⲛⲁⲣⲩⲑⲙⲟⲥ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲙⲁ ⲁⲩⲱ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲡⲟⲗⲓⲥ • ⲉⲓ ⲛ̄ⲥⲉϯ ⲧⲟⲟⲧⲟⲩ ⲛⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲩ • ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣ ⲟⲩⲉⲓ̈ ⲇⲉ ϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲟⲩⲉⲓ\nⲧⲟⲩⲉⲓ ⲛ̄ ⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲗⲓⲥ • ⲉⲩⲥⲃ̄ⲧⲱⲧ ϩⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲥⲡⲟⲩⲇⲏ • | Ⲁϥⲉⲓ\nϩⲱⲱϥ ⲛ̄ϭⲓ ⲡⲁⲣⲩⲑⲙⲟⲥ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲧ ⲟⲩⲙⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲟⲩ ϫⲉ\nⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩⲥⲓⲟⲛ • ⲛⲉⲧ ϣⲟⲟⲡ ϩⲛ̄ ⲧϣⲟⲣⲡ̄ ⲛ̄ ϩⲁⲣⲙⲉⲛⲓⲁ • ⲉⲩϩⲁ ⲣⲁⲧϥ̄ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲧⲣⲓⲃⲟⲩⲛⲟⲥ • ⲉ ⲡⲉϥⲣⲁⲛ ⲡⲉ ⲥⲁⲣⲇⲟⲛⲓⲕⲟⲥ ⁖-Ⲇⲉⲕⲓⲟⲥ ⲇⲉ ⲁϥⲉⲓ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ⲉ ⲡⲡⲟⲗⲩⲙⲟⲥ • ⲟⲩⲁⲗⲉⲣⲓⲁⲛⲟⲥ ⲇⲉ ⲁϥϭⲱ ϩⲛ̄ ϩⲣⲱⲙⲏ • ⲉϥⲇⲓⲟⲓⲕⲉⲓ ⲛ̄\nⲛⲉϩⲃⲏⲩⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲉⲣⲟ • ⲡⲡⲟⲗⲩⲙⲟⲥ ⲇⲉ Ⲁϥⲧⲁϫⲣⲟ\nϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲙⲏⲏⲧⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲃⲁⲣⲃⲁⲣⲟⲥ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲛⲉϩⲣⲱⲙⲁⲓⲟⲥ • ⲁⲩⲁϩⲉ ⲣⲁⲧⲟⲩ ⲟⲩⲃⲉ ⲛⲉⲩⲉⲣⲏⲩ • ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣ ⲟⲩⲙⲟⲩⲛ ⲇⲉ ⲉ\nⲃⲟⲗ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲓ ϩⲉ • ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲙⲏⲏϣⲉ ⲛ̄ϩⲟⲟⲩ ⁖-ⲟⲩⲁ ⲇⲉ ϩⲙ̄\nⲡⲁⲣⲩⲑⲙⲟⲥ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉ ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲙⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲟⲩ ⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩⲥⲓⲟⲛ\nⲉ ⲡⲉϥⲣⲁⲛ ⲡⲉ ⲙⲉⲣⲕⲟⲩⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲁϥⲛⲁⲩ ⲉⲩⲣⲱⲙⲉ ⲛ̄\nⲟⲩⲟⲉⲓⲛ ⲉϥϫⲟⲥⲉ • ⲉⲩ ⲛ̄ϩⲉⲛϩⲃ̄ⲥⲱ ⲉⲩⲡⲣⲉⲓⲱⲟⲩ ϩⲓ ϫⲱϥ • ⲁϥⲁⲙⲁϩⲧⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲥⲏϥⲉ ⲉⲥⲧⲟⲕⲙ̄ ϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲉϥϭⲓϫ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲛⲁⲙ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛⲉϥϫⲱ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲥ ⲛⲁϥ • ϫⲉ ⲙⲉⲣⲕⲟⲩⲣⲓⲉ • ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ ⲣ︤\nϩⲟⲧⲉ • ⲟⲩⲇⲉ ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ ϣⲗⲁϩ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲟⲩ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲉ\nⲃⲟⲏⲑⲉⲓ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲕ ⲁⲩⲱ ⲉ ⲟⲩⲟⲛϩⲕ̄ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ⲛ̄ ⲣϥ̄ϫⲣⲟ • | ϫⲓ\nⲛⲁⲕ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲓ ⲥⲏϥⲉ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲓ ⲧⲟⲟⲧ ⲛⲅ̄ ⲃⲱⲕ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ •","english":"The archons, then, according to each city, gave orders to the multitudes to carry out what had been commanded to them in a secret manner. It happened at that time that a war arose against the Romans from the barbarians, causing their time to be troubled. They themselves prepared their army to fight against them, and they gave orders for the numbers from each place and each city to come and give them aid. And each one of the cities was prepared with zeal. The number of those called the Martyrs also came, who were in the first Armenia, standing before a tribune whose name was Sardonicus. Decius, however, went out to the war, while Valerian remained in Rome, administering the affairs of the empire. The war, then, was established in the midst of the barbarians and the Romans; they stood against each other. When they had continued in this manner for many days, one of the number of those called the Martyrs, whose name was Mercurius, saw a man of light who was tall, wearing shining garments upon him. He had seized a sword that was drawn in his right hand, and he was saying to him, \"Mercurius, do not fear, nor be afraid, for I have been sent to help you and to reveal you as a victor. Take this sword from my hand and go forth.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩⲥⲓⲟⲛ","severity":"info","text":"The term ⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩⲥⲓⲟⲛ (martyrsion) here designates a military unit, not a group of confessors; it is a loan from Greek μαρτύριον, used in late Roman military contexts for a corps of soldiers associated with a martyr cult.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲁⲣⲩⲑⲙⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"ⲡⲁⲣⲩⲑⲙⲟⲥ (parithmos) is a Greek loanword (ἀριθμός) meaning 'number' or 'unit'; in late Roman military terminology it refers to a numbered detachment or legion, here specifically the unit called the Martyrs.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"dating","kind":"chronology","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲇⲉⲕⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The text names Decius (ⲇⲉⲕⲓⲟⲥ) as the emperor who goes to war, while Valerian (ⲟⲩⲁⲗⲉⲣⲓⲁⲛⲟⲥ) remains in Rome; this conflates the historical Decius (r. 249–251) with Valerian (r. 253–260), an anachronism typical of hagiographic compression.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁϥⲛⲁⲩ ⲉⲩⲣⲱⲙⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲟⲉⲓⲛ","severity":"info","text":"The vision of a 'man of light' (ⲣⲱⲙⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲟⲉⲓⲛ) marks a pivotal shift from historical narrative to divine intervention, a common hagiographic trope that introduces the angelic or Christic figure who arms the martyr.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"parallel","kind":"parallel","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲥⲏϥⲉ","severity":"info","text":"The motif of a sword (ⲥⲏϥⲉ) handed from a divine figure to a warrior-saint parallels the story of Constantine's vision of the cross and the sword of Saint Michael in later Coptic and Byzantine traditions.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲥⲁⲣⲇⲟⲛⲓⲕⲟⲥ","severity":"caution","text":"The name ⲥⲁⲣⲇⲟⲛⲓⲕⲟⲥ (Sardonicus) is unattested in historical sources; it may be a corruption or a symbolic name (from σαρδόνιος, 'sardonic'), and its identification as a tribune is uncertain.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase ⲛ̄ⲁⲣⲭⲱⲛ ⲇⲉ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲡⲟⲗⲓⲥ could mean 'the archons according to each city' or 'the archons, city by city'; the reading taken is distributive.","The identity of the 'man of light' is ambiguous—whether Christ, an angel, or a saint—but the text does not specify; the reading taken is a divine helper."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":4,"ref":"p4","source":"ⲉ\nⲛ̄ⲃⲁⲣⲃⲁⲣⲟⲥ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲉⲕϣⲁⲛϫⲣⲟ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲟⲩ • • ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ ⲣ︤\nⲡⲱⲃϣ̄ ⲙ̄ ⲡϫⲥ̄ ⲡⲉⲕⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⁖-ⲡⲁⲓ ⲇⲉ Ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣ ϥ̄ϣⲱⲡⲉ ϩⲛ̄\nⲟⲩⲉⲕⲥⲧⲁⲥⲓⲥ ⲁϥⲙⲉⲉⲩⲉ ϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲁ ⲡⲉ ϩⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲛⲟϭ ⲛ̄ ⲁⲣⲭⲱⲛ\nⲛ̄ⲧⲉ ⲡⲣ̄ⲣⲟ ⲡⲉⲧ ϣⲁϫⲉ ⲛⲙ̄ⲙⲁϥ : Ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣ ⲉϥ ϫⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲛ̄\nⲧⲥⲏϥⲉ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁϥⲙⲟⲩϩ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲡⲛⲁ̄ ⲉⲧ ⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ • ⲁϥⲃⲱⲕ ⲉ ϩⲟⲩⲛ ϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲩⲙⲏⲏⲧⲉ • ⲁϥⲙⲟⲩⲟⲩⲧ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲛⲟϭ\nⲉⲧ ϩⲓ̈ ϫⲱⲟⲩ ⲁⲩⲱ ϩⲉⲛ ⲕⲉ ⲙⲏⲏϣⲉ ⲛⲙ̄ⲙⲁϥ • ϩⲱⲥ ⲧⲉ\nⲛ̄ⲧⲉ ⲡⲉϥϭⲃⲟⲓ ϩⲓⲥⲉ ⲉϥϩⲓⲟⲩⲉ ⲁⲩⲱ ϩⲓⲧⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲥⲛⲟϥ ⲉⲧ\nⲛⲁϣⲱϥ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲉ ⲧϥ̄ϭⲓϫ ⲧⲱⲣϭ̄ ⲉ ϩⲟⲩⲛ ⲉ ⲧⲧⲱⲣⲉ ⲛ̄\nⲧⲥⲏϥⲉ • ⲧⲁⲓ ⲧⲉ ⲑⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩⲡⲱⲧ ⲛ̄ϭⲓ ⲛ̄ⲃⲁⲣⲃⲁⲣⲟⲥ • ⲁⲩⲱ\nⲁⲩϭⲱⲧⲡ̄ ϩⲓ ϩⲏ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉϩⲣⲱⲙⲁⲓⲟⲥ • Ⲧⲟⲧⲉ ⲡⲣ̄ⲣⲟ ⲇⲉⲕⲓⲟⲥ • ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣ ϥ̄ⲉⲓⲙⲉ ⲉ ⲧⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ϫⲁⲣ ϩⲏⲧ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲓ̈ ⲣⲱⲙⲉ ⲛ̄\nϫⲱⲱⲣⲉ • ⲁϥⲙⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲉ ⲣⲟϥ ⲁϥϯ ⲛⲁϥ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲁⲝⲓⲱⲙⲁ • ⲁϥⲁⲁϥ ⲛ̄ ⲥⲧⲣⲁϯⲗⲁⲧⲏⲥ ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛ̄ ⲁⲣⲭⲱⲛ ⲉϫⲙ̄ ⲡϥ̄ⲥⲧⲣⲁⲧⲉⲩ|ⲙⲁ ⲧⲏⲣϥ̄• ⲇⲉⲕⲓⲟⲥ ⲇⲉ ⲉϥⲙⲉⲩⲉ ϫⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥϫⲣⲟ ⲉ ⲡⲡⲟⲗⲩⲙⲟⲥ ϩⲓⲧⲛ̄ ⲧⲉ ⲡⲣⲟⲛⲓⲁ ⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ • ⲁϥⲣⲁϣⲉ ⲉⲙⲁⲧⲉ • ⲁⲩⲱ ϩⲉⲛⲭⲣⲏⲙⲁ ⲉⲛⲁϣⲱⲟⲩ ⲁϥⲥⲁⲣⲟⲩ ⲉϫⲛ̄ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲧⲟⲓ • ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ ⲉⲧ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲩ • ⲁⲩϫⲟⲟⲩ\nⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲁⲣⲓⲑⲙⲟⲥ ⲉ ⲛⲉⲩⲧⲟⲡⲟⲥ ⲙ̄ⲙⲓⲛ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲟⲩ ⁖-ⲛ̄ⲧⲟϥ\nϨⲱⲱϥ ⲛⲉϥⲣ̄ϣⲁ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲡⲟⲗⲓⲥ ⲛⲓⲙ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥⲡⲁⲣⲁⲅⲉ\nⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲟⲩ ⲉϥⲃⲏⲕ ⲉ ϩⲣⲱⲙⲏ ⁖-ϩⲣⲁⲓ ⲇⲉ ϩⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲟⲩϣⲏ\nⲉⲣⲉ ⲡⲉⲥⲧⲣⲁⲧⲉⲩⲙⲁ ⲟⲃϣ̄ ⲁϥⲁϩⲉ ⲣⲁⲧϥ̄ ϩⲓϫⲛ̄ ⲙⲉⲣⲕⲟⲩⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲛ̄ϭⲓ ⲟⲩⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲥⲭⲏⲙⲁ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲣⲱⲙⲉ\nⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥⲛⲁⲩ ⲉ ⲣⲟϥ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲡⲟⲗⲩⲙⲟⲥ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁϥⲧⲉⲃⲥ̄\nⲡϥ̄ⲥⲡⲓⲣ • ⲁϥⲧⲟⲩⲛⲟⲥϥ̄ • ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣ ⲉϥⲚⲁⲩ ⲇⲉ ⲉ ⲣⲟϥ • ⲁϥϣⲱⲡⲉ ϩⲛ̄ ⲟⲩϩⲟⲧⲉ ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲁϥ •","english":"and the barbarians. And if you prevail over them, do not forget the Lord, your God. This one, however, when it happened in a disturbance, he thought that he was one of the great archons of the king who speaks with him. When he took the sword, and he went out filled with the Holy Spirit, he went in among them, and he killed the great one who was over them, and many others with him, as if by his labor and effort, and by his blood which was shed, from his hand stretching inward to the hilt of the sword. This is how the barbarians fled, and they were defeated before the Romans. Then King Decius, when he learned of the courage of this strong man, he called him and gave him a rank, making him a stratelates and an archon over his entire army. Decius, thinking that he had prevailed in the battle through the providence of God, rejoiced greatly. And he distributed great sums of money to the soldiers on that day. They sent numbers to their own places. He himself also went to every city, having passed through them on his way to Rome. But one night, when the army was asleep, an angel stood before Mercurius in the form of the man he had seen in the battle, and he struck his side, and woke him. When he saw him, he became afraid. The angel said to him,","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic ⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ (from Greek ἄγγελος) here denotes a supernatural messenger, not a human envoy, consistent with the hagiographic context.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ","severity":"info","text":"ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ (with definite article) is the standard Coptic term for God in Christian texts, as seen in the angel's admonition to Mercurius.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"external","lemma":"ⲇⲉⲕⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"Decius (ⲇⲉⲕⲓⲟⲥ) is the Roman Emperor Decius (r. 249–251), known for his persecution of Christians; his appearance here aligns with the hagiographic setting of the Decian persecution.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage shifts from the battle narrative to Mercurius's promotion and the angelic visitation, marking a transition from military success to divine intervention.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲉⲥⲛⲟϥ ⲉⲧ ⲛⲁϣⲱϥ","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase 'his blood which was shed' is ambiguous: it may refer to the blood of the enemy slain by Mercurius or to Mercurius's own blood in a foreshadowing of martyrdom; the context favors the former.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase 'ⲡⲉⲥⲛⲟϥ ⲉⲧ ⲛⲁϣⲱϥ' (his blood which was shed) is ambiguous as to whose blood is meant; the immediate context suggests the enemy's blood, but a martyrdom reading is possible.","The angel's form is described as 'the man he had seen in the battle' (ⲡⲣⲱⲙⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥⲛⲁⲩ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲡⲟⲗⲩⲙⲟⲥ), but the identity of that man is not specified earlier in the surviving text."],"confidence":"high","notes":[{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ","text":"ⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ → “angel”. Greek ἄγγελος; 'messenger' only where a human envoy is meant (rare in this corpus)."},{"kind":"homonym","severity":"caution","term":"ⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ","text":"ⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ carries more than one sense (messenger); this passage takes it as “angel”. The choice is the translator's, not a lexical given."}]},{"i":5,"ref":"p5","source":"ϫⲉ ⲉⲛⲉⲕⲉⲓⲣⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲙⲉⲉⲩⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡϣⲁϫⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲓϫⲟⲟϥ\nⲛⲁⲕ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲡⲟⲗⲩⲙⲟⲥ ⲱ̄ ⲙⲉⲣⲕⲟⲩⲣⲓⲟⲥ • ϭⲱϣⲧ̄ ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄\nⲣ̄ ⲡⲱⲃϣ̄ ⲙ̄ ⲡϫⲥ̄ ⲡⲉⲕⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ϩⲁⲡⲥ̄ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲕ\nⲡⲉ ⲉ ⲧⲣⲉ ⲕⲁⲅⲱⲛⲓⲍⲉ | ⲉϫⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϥⲣⲁⲛ ⲕⲁⲗⲱⲥ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛⲅ̄ ϫⲓ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲕⲗⲟⲙ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϫⲣⲟ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲙⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲟ\nⲛ ⲙ̄ⲡⲏⲩⲉ • ⲡⲁⲓ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥⲥⲃ̄ⲧⲱⲧϥ̄ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲧ ⲙⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ\nⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⁖-Ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣ ⲉϥϫⲉ ⲛⲁⲓ ⲁϥⲥⲁϩⲱϥ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ\nⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ ϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲩⲛⲟⲩ ⲉⲧ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲩ ⁖-ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣⲉ ⲡϩⲏⲧ ⲙ̄\nⲡⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ • ⲁϥⲣ̄ ⲡⲙⲉⲉⲩⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡϣⲁϫⲉ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛϥ︤ⲣ︥ ϣⲡⲏⲣⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲧϭⲟⲙ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲙⲛ︤ⲧ︥ⲙⲁⲓ ⲣⲱⲙⲉ ⲙ̄\nⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ • ⲛⲉ ⲁϥⲥⲱⲧⲙ̄ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲉ ⲧⲃⲉ ⲧⲡⲓⲥϯⲥ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲭⲣⲓⲥϯⲁⲛⲟⲥ • ϩⲓⲧⲛ̄ ⲛⲉϥⲉⲓⲟⲟⲧⲉ • ⲡϥ̄ⲉⲓⲱⲧ ⲇⲉ ⲡⲉ ⲕⲟⲣⲇⲓⲁⲛⲟⲥ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛⲉϥⲟ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲣⲓⲙⲏ ⲕⲩⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲉ ⲡⲉⲓ ⲁⲣⲓⲑⲙⲟⲥ ⲛ̄\nⲟⲩⲱⲧ • ⲡϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲇⲉ ϣⲏⲙ • Ⲛⲉϥⲛⲁⲣ̄ ϫⲟⲩⲧⲏ ⲛ̄ ⲣⲟⲙⲡⲉ • ⲛⲉ ⲁϥⲥⲱⲧⲙ̄ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲓⲧⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϥⲉⲓⲱⲧ ⲛ̄ ϩⲁϩ ⲛ̄ ⲥⲟⲡ\nⲉϥϫⲱ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲛⲁⲓⲁⲧϥ̄ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲧ ⲛⲁⲣ̄ ⲙⲁⲧⲟⲓ ϩⲁ\nⲣⲁⲧϥ̄ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲣ̄ⲣⲟ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲡⲉ • Ϥⲛⲁⲭⲁⲣⲓⲍⲉ ⲛⲁϥ ⲛ̄ ϩⲉⲛⲛⲟϭ\nⲛ̄ ⲧⲁⲓⲟ ⲛ̄ ⲁⲧ ⲟⲩⲉⲓⲛⲉ • ⲁⲩⲱ ϥⲛⲁⲙⲓϣⲉ ⲉ ϩⲣⲁⲓ ⲉ ϫⲱϥ\nⲛ̄ ⲛⲁϩⲣⲛ̄ ⲛϥ̄ϫⲁϫⲉ ⁖-ⲡⲣ̄ⲣⲟ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲉⲧ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲩ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟϥ\nⲡⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥⲧⲁⲙⲓⲉ ⲡⲧⲏⲣϥ̄ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϥϣⲁϫⲉ • ⲧⲡⲉ ⲙⲉⲛ\nⲁϥⲧⲁϩⲟⲥ ⲉ ⲣⲁⲧⲥ̄ ⲛ̄ⲑⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩϭⲉⲡⲏ • ⲉ ⲁϥⲕⲟⲥⲙⲉⲓ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲥ\nⲟⲛ̄ ϩⲉⲛⲥⲓⲟⲩ ⲉⲩⲣ̄ ⲟⲩⲟⲉⲓⲛ • ⲡⲕⲁϩ ⲇⲉ ϩⲛ̄ ϩⲉⲛϩⲣⲏⲣⲉ","english":"If you remember the word that I spoke to you in the contest, O Mercurius, do not forget the Lord, your God. For it is fitting for you to contend on behalf of his name well, and you will receive your crown of victory from the kingdom of the heavens, which is prepared for all those who love him.” And when he said these things, he withdrew from him at that very hour. When the heart of the blessed one became his own, he remembered the word. And he marveled at the power of the philanthropy of God. For he had heard about the faith of the Christians from his parents. His father was Cordianus, and they were of the same rank as this number. The child, however, was young. He was about twelve years old. For he had heard from his father many times, saying, “Blessed is the one who will be a soldier at the feet of the king of heaven. He will grant him great honors beyond compare, and he will fight up to his enemies.” For that king himself is the one who created everything by his word. The heaven he set upright like a vault, and he adorned it with stars that give light. The earth, however, with plants...","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ (with definite article) is the standard Christian term for God, here used in the phrase 'your God' (ⲡⲉⲕⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ).","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲧⲡⲉ","severity":"info","text":"ⲧⲡⲉ (heaven) is the abode of God; here it appears in 'kingdom of the heavens' (ⲧⲙⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲟ ⲛ̄ⲙ̄ⲡⲏⲩⲉ), a phrase echoing New Testament usage.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲣ̄ⲣⲟ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲡⲉ","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'king of heaven' (ⲡⲣ̄ⲣⲟ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲡⲉ) and the description of God creating by his word (ϣⲁϫⲉ) echo biblical creation language, particularly Genesis 1 and John 1:1.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲕⲟⲣⲇⲓⲁⲛⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"Cordianus (ⲕⲟⲣⲇⲓⲁⲛⲟⲥ) is named as Mercurius' father; this detail is unique to the Coptic tradition and not found in earlier Greek or Latin accounts of the saint.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁϥⲥⲁϩⲱϥ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'he withdrew from him' marks a narrative transition: the divine speaker (likely Christ or an angel) departs, and Mercurius' internal reflection begins, shifting from direct speech to narrated memory.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲉⲓ ⲁⲣⲓⲑⲙⲟⲥ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲱⲧ","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase 'this same number' (ⲡⲉⲓ ⲁⲣⲓⲑⲙⲟⲥ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲱⲧ) is obscure; it may refer to a social rank or a numerical designation, but the Coptic does not clarify the referent.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of the speaker who addresses Mercurius (ϫⲉ ⲉⲛⲉⲕⲉⲓⲣⲉ ...) is not named in this passage; the previous passage suggests it is a divine figure, possibly Christ or an angel.","The phrase ⲡⲉⲓ ⲁⲣⲓⲑⲙⲟⲥ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲱⲧ ('this same number') is ambiguous: it may indicate a social class, a military rank, or a numerical value, but the text does not specify."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ","text":"ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ → “God”. Sahidic ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ is the ordinary word for 'god'. With the definite article (ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ) in Christian texts it names God; without it, a god or the divine."},{"kind":"homonym","severity":"caution","term":"ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ","text":"ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ carries more than one sense (god, deity); this passage takes it as “God”. The choice is the translator's, not a lexical given."},{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲧⲡⲉ","text":"ⲧⲡⲉ → “heaven”. The abode of God in these texts; 'sky' only in strictly cosmological passages, which are rare here."},{"kind":"homonym","severity":"caution","term":"ⲧⲡⲉ","text":"ⲧⲡⲉ carries more than one sense (sky); this passage takes it as “heaven”. The choice is the translator's, not a lexical given."}]},{"i":6,"ref":"p6","source":"ⲉⲛⲉⲥⲱⲟⲩ • ⲉⲩⲟ ⲛ̄ ⲥϯ ⲛⲟⲩϥⲉ ⲉ ⲧⲣⲉ ⲩϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲛ̄ⲥⲟⲗⲥⲗ̄\nⲙⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲧⲁⲗϭⲟ ⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲣⲱⲙⲉ • ⲑⲁⲗⲗⲁⲥⲁ ϩⲱⲱⲥ ⲉ ⲧⲣⲉ\nⲛⲉϫⲏⲩ ⲥϭⲏⲣ ⲛ̄ϩⲏⲧⲥ̄ ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁϥⲕⲁⲁⲥ ⲙ̄ ⲙⲁ ⲛ̄ ⲥⲁⲛϣ̄\nⲛ̄ ⲛⲧⲃ︦ⲧ︦ • Ⲁⲩⲱ ϫⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲟϥ ⲡⲉⲧ ⲛⲏⲩ ⲉ ⲕⲣⲓⲛⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲧ ⲟⲛϩ̄\nⲙⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲧ ⲙⲟⲟⲩⲧ ⲛϥ̄ϯ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲟⲩⲁ • ⲡⲟⲩⲁ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲛϥ̄ϩⲃⲏⲩⲉ ⁖-ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣ ⲉϥⲣ̄ ⲡⲙⲉⲉⲩⲉ ⲇⲉ ⲛ̄ϭⲓ ⲫⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲙⲉⲣⲕⲟⲩⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ϣⲁϫⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡϥ̄ⲉⲓⲱⲧ ϩⲣⲁⲓ̈ ⲛ̄ϩⲏⲧϥ̄ ⲁⲩⲱ\nⲡϭⲱⲗⲡ̄ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥⲛⲁⲩ ⲉ ⲣⲟϥ • ⲁϥϣⲱⲡⲉ ϩⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲛⲟϭ\nⲛ̄ ⲧⲱⲃⲥ̄ ⲁϥⲁⲣⲭⲉⲓ ⲛ̄ ⲣⲓⲙⲉ ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛ̄ ⲁϣⲁϩⲟⲙ • ϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲟⲓ\nⲛⲁϥ ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲡⲓⲣⲉϥⲣ̄ ⲛⲟⲃⲉ • ⲉⲓⲟ ⲛ̄ⲑⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲕⲗⲁⲇⲟⲥ ⲛ̄\nⲁⲧ ⲕⲁⲣⲡⲟⲥ ⲉ ⲁϥϯⲟⲩⲱ ⲉ ⲙⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥ ⲛⲟⲩⲛⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲩ ⲛ̄ⲧⲉ\nⲡⲥⲟⲟⲩⲛ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲟⲟⲩ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ • ⲉϯ ⲇⲉ ⲉϥϣⲁϫⲉ |\nⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲩⲛⲟⲩ ⲁ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣⲟ ϫⲟⲟⲩ ⲛ̄ ⲥⲛⲁⲩ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲧ ⲟⲩⲙⲟⲩⲧⲉ\nⲉ ⲣⲟⲟⲩ ϫⲉ ⲥⲉⲗⲉⲛϯⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ • ⲙⲛ̄ ϩⲉⲛⲕⲟⲟⲩⲉ ⲛⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲩ\nⲉ ⲧⲣ ⲉⲩⲙⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲉ ⲣⲟϥ ⲛⲁϥ • ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ϫⲉ Ⲛ̄ⲧⲟϥ ⲡⲉⲧ ⲟ\nⲛ̄ ⲣⲉϥϫⲓ ϣⲟϫⲛⲉ ⲛⲁϥ ⲁϥⲡⲁⲣⲁⲓⲧⲉ ⲉ ⲧⲙ̄ ⲃⲱⲕ ⲉϥϫⲱ\nⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲥ • ϫⲉ ⲡⲁ ⲥⲱⲙⲁ ⲟ̄ ⲛ̄ ⲁⲧ ϭⲟⲙ ⲁ ⲡⲣ̄ⲣⲟ ⲕⲁ ⲣⲱϥ • ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ ⲉⲧ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲩ • ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϥⲣⲁⲥⲧⲉ ⲇⲉ ⲟⲛ ⲁϥϫⲟⲟⲩ\nⲛ̄ⲥⲱϥ ϩⲟⲙⲟⲓⲟⲥ ⲛ̄ϭⲓ ⲇⲉⲕⲓⲟⲥ • ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣ ⲉϥⲉⲓ ⲇⲉ ϣⲁ ⲣⲟϥ\nⲁⲩϫⲓ ϣⲟϫⲛⲉ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲩⲉⲣⲏⲩ ⲉ ⲡϩⲱⲃ ⲉⲧ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲙⲏⲏⲧⲉ • Ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲣ̄ⲣⲟ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲙⲁⲣⲟⲛ[ⲃⲱⲕ ⲱ̄ ⲙⲉⲣⲕⲟⲩⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲉ\nⲡⲛⲟϭ ⲛ̄ ⲉⲣ̄ⲡⲉ ⲛ ⲧⲁⲣⲧⲉⲙⲏⲥ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲗⲟ ⲛⲁⲥ • ⲉ ϩⲣⲁⲓ ⲛ̄\nϩⲉⲛⲑⲩⲥⲓⲁ • ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣ ⲉϥⲙⲟⲟϣⲉ ⲇⲉ ⲛ̄ϭⲓ ⲡⲣ̄ⲣⲟ • ⲁⲩⲛⲟϭ\nⲙ̄ ⲙⲏⲏϣⲉ ⲟⲩⲁϩⲟⲩ ⲛ̄ⲥⲱϥ :-ⲡⲙⲁⲔⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲇⲉ ⲙⲉⲣⲕⲟⲩⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲁϥⲕⲟⲧϥ̄ ⲉ ⲡⲁϩⲟⲩ ⲁϥϩⲟⲡϥ̄ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲉ ⲡⲣⲁⲓ̈ⲧⲟⲣⲓⲟⲛ •","english":"the fields, becoming a desert, causing men to become weak and sick, and the sea itself, so that the ships within it were wrecked, and it left the place of the crocodiles. And he is the one who comes to judge the living and the dead, giving each one according to his deeds. When the holy Mercurius remembered the words of his father within himself, and the revelation that he had seen, he fell into great sorrow and began to weep and lament, saying, \"Woe to me, the sinner, I am like a branch without fruit, for I have no root of the knowledge of the glory of God.\" While he was speaking, at that moment the king sent two of those who are called \"selentiarios\" and others with them to summon him to him, because he was the one who gave him counsel. He refused to go, saying, \"My body is weak.\" The king kept silent that day. But on the next day, Decius also sent for him similarly. When he came to him, they took counsel together about the matter between them. The king said to him, \"Let us go, O Mercurius, to the great temple of Artemis, to offer sacrifices to her.\" While the king was walking, a great multitude followed him. The blessed Mercurius, however, turned back and hid himself in the praetorium.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲕⲁⲣⲡⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"Greek καρπός; in homiletic allegory the fruit is a virtue or a work, not literal produce. Mercurius’ self-description as a branch without fruit signals his perceived lack of spiritual achievement.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲥⲱⲙⲁ","severity":"info","text":"In martyrdom accounts ⲥⲱⲙⲁ after death is the corpse; here Mercurius says ‘my body is weak’ (ⲡⲁ ⲥⲱⲙⲁ ⲟ ⲛ̄ ⲁⲧ ϭⲟⲙ), using the ascetic sense of the body as the site of struggle.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ","severity":"info","text":"Sahidic ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ with the definite article (ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ) names God; here in the phrase ‘glory of God’ (ⲡⲉⲟⲟⲩ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ) it is the Christian God.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲥⲉⲗⲉⲛϯⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"Greek σελεντιάριος, Latin silentiarius; a court official responsible for maintaining silence in the imperial presence. The term appears in late Roman and Byzantine administrative contexts.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The passage shifts from a cosmic description of God’s judgment to Mercurius’ interior lament, then to the king’s summons and Mercurius’ refusal. The turn from monologue to dialogue marks a new narrative phase.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣ ⲉϥⲣ̄ ⲡⲙⲉⲉⲩⲉ","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic phrase ‘when he made the remembrance’ is ambiguous: it could mean Mercurius recalled his father’s words or that he began to reflect generally. The English draft takes the former, which fits the narrative context.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣ ⲉϥⲣ̄ ⲡⲙⲉⲉⲩⲉ could be read as ‘when he made the remembrance’ (of his father’s words) or ‘when he began to think’; the context supports the former.","The clause ⲁϥⲕⲁⲁⲥ ⲙ̄ ⲙⲁ ⲛ̄ ⲥⲁⲛϣ̄ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲧⲃ︦ⲧ︦ is obscure: ‘it left the place of the crocodiles’ may be a metaphorical description of the sea’s desolation, but the exact referent is unclear."],"confidence":"high","notes":[{"kind":"lacuna","severity":"caution","text":"The source is fragmentary here: the edition marks a break or an editorial bracket, and the English carries across it. Treat the bridge as supplied, not translated."},{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲕⲁⲣⲡⲟⲥ","text":"ⲕⲁⲣⲡⲟⲥ → “fruit”. Greek καρπός; in homiletic allegory the fruit is a virtue or a work, and the note should say so rather than leaving 'fruit' literal."},{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲥⲱⲙⲁ","text":"ⲥⲱⲙⲁ → “body”. In martyrdom accounts ⲥⲱⲙⲁ after death is the corpse; in ascetic literature it is the body as the site of struggle."},{"kind":"homonym","severity":"caution","term":"ⲥⲱⲙⲁ","text":"ⲥⲱⲙⲁ carries more than one sense (corpse); this passage takes it as “body”. The choice is the translator's, not a lexical given."}]},{"i":7,"ref":"p7","source":"ⲟⲩⲁ ⲇⲉ̇ ⲁϥⲇⲓⲁⲃⲁⲗⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲁϩⲣⲛ̄ ⲡⲣ̄ⲣⲟ • ⲉϥϫⲱ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲥ • ϫⲉ ⲡⲛⲟϭ ⲛ︦ⲣ︦ⲣⲟ ⲉⲧ ⲁⲙⲁϩⲧⲉ ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛ̄\nⲣⲉϥϫⲣⲟ ⲛ̄ ⲉⲩⲥⲉⲃⲏⲥ • ⲡⲉ ⲛⲧⲁⲩⲥⲟⲧⲡϥ̄ | ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲓⲧⲛ̄\nⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲣⲉϥⲇⲓⲟⲓⲕⲉⲓ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲙⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲟ ⲧⲏⲣⲥ̄ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉϩⲣⲱⲙⲁⲓⲟⲥ • ⲙⲁ ϯⲑⲉ ⲛⲁⲓ̈ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϣⲁϫⲉ ⲛⲅ̄ ⲥⲱⲧⲙ̄ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲓ ϩⲛ̄\nⲟⲩⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲣⲙ̄ⲣⲁϣ :-ⲙⲉⲣⲕⲟⲩⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲡⲉ ⲛⲧⲁ ⲧⲉⲕⲟⲩⲛⲁⲙ\nⲉⲧ ⲁⲙⲁϩⲧⲉ ϫⲁⲥⲧϥ̄ ⲁⲩⲱ Ⲁⲕϯ ⲉⲟⲟⲩ ⲛⲁϥ • ϩⲛ̄\nⲧⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲉⲣⲟ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉϩⲣⲱⲙⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲥ ⲙ̄ⲡ ⲉϥⲉⲓ ⲛⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲛ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ\nⲡⲉⲕⲟⲩⲉϩⲥⲁϩⲛⲉ ⲛϥ︦ⲣ︦ ⲑⲩⲥⲓⲁ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲣⲡⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲛⲟϭ ⲛ̄","english":"One, however, accused him before the king, saying, \"The great king, the ruler and the victorious one, the pious one, whom the gods of the Romans have chosen to govern the entire kingdom, give me the opportunity to speak, and you will hear from me in joy. Mercurius is the one whom your right hand has seized and to whom you have given honor in the kingdom of the Romans. Let him not come with us according to your command to make a sacrifice in the temple of the great","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"sense","kind":"sense","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲟⲩⲁ ⲇⲉ̇ ⲁϥⲇⲓⲁⲃⲁⲗⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ","severity":"info","text":"The phrase introduces an anonymous accuser who denounces Mercurius before the king, a common hagiographic motif.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ","severity":"info","text":"Here ⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ (plural with definite article) refers to 'the gods of the Romans', contrasting with the Christian God. The accuser uses pagan polytheistic language.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"external","lemma":"ⲇⲓⲁⲃⲁⲗⲉ","severity":"info","text":"ⲇⲓⲁⲃⲁⲗⲉ (from Greek διαβάλλω) means 'to accuse falsely' or 'slander', fitting the adversarial courtroom setting.","cites":[],"named_sources":["Crum 1939"],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage shifts from the previous narrative of cosmic destruction to a direct accusation scene, advancing the plot toward Mercurius's trial.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲙⲉⲣⲕⲟⲩⲣⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"caution","text":"The name Mercurius is spelled ⲙⲉⲣⲕⲟⲩⲣⲓⲟⲥ, a variant of the standard ⲙⲉⲣⲕⲟⲩⲣⲓⲟⲥ; the Coptic text may have a scribal omission or phonetic spelling.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of the accuser is not given; the Coptic ⲟⲩⲁ ⲇⲉ̇ ('one, however') leaves it vague.","The phrase ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϣⲁϫⲉ ⲛⲅ̄ ⲥⲱⲧⲙ̄ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲓ is ambiguous: it could mean 'that I may speak and you will hear me' or 'that I may speak and you will hear from me'; the English draft takes the latter."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":8,"ref":"p8","source":"ⲁⲣⲧⲉⲙⲏⲥ ⲛϥ̄ⲧⲁⲗⲟ ⲛⲁⲥ ⲉ ϩⲣⲁⲓ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲡⲟⲩⲉϩⲥⲁϩⲛⲉ\nⲉⲧ ⲁⲙⲁϩⲧⲉ ⁖-ⲁϥⲟⲩⲱϣⲃ̄ ⲛ̄ϫⲓ ⲡⲣ̄ⲣⲟ ϫⲉ ⲛⲓⲙ ⲡⲉ ⲡⲁⲓ\nⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲙⲉⲣⲕⲟⲩⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲡⲁⲓ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕϯ ⲛⲁϥ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϫⲣⲟ\nⲙⲛ̄ ⲧⲙⲛ̄ⲧⲛⲟϭ ⲛ̄ⲥⲁϥ ⲙⲛ̄ ϣⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ ⲉⲡⲟⲟⲩ ⲛ̄ϩⲟⲟⲩ • Ⲁⲩⲱ\nⲁⲕϫⲓⲥⲧϥ̄ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲁⲝⲓⲱⲙⲁ ⲛ̄ϩⲟⲩⲟ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲛⲟϭ ⲡⲁⲓ ⲇⲉ\nⲞⲩ ⲙⲟⲛⲟⲛ • ϫⲉ ⲁϥⲣ̄ ⲁⲧ ⲥⲱⲧⲙ̄ ⲛ̄ⲥⲁ ⲧⲉⲕⲙⲛ̄ⲧⲛⲟϭ\nⲁⲗⲗⲁ ⲁϥⲣ̄ ▨▨ⲡⲕ ⲉⲡⲓ̄ⲑⲉ ⲛ̄ ϩⲁϩ ⲉⲩϣⲙ̄ϣⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ • ⲉⲕϣⲁⲛϫⲛⲟⲟⲩ ⲇⲉ ⲉⲕⲛⲁⲉⲓⲙⲉ ⲉ ⲡϫⲱⲕ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲛⲧⲁⲓϫⲟⲟⲩ\nⲛⲁⲕ :-ⲇⲉⲕⲓⲟⲥ ⲇⲉ | Ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲇⲉ ϩⲁⲣⲏⲩ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁ ⲟⲩⲫⲑⲟⲛⲟⲥ ϣⲱⲡⲉ ϩⲛ̄ ⲡⲉⲕϩⲏⲧ ⲉ ϩⲟⲩⲛ ⲉ ⲡⲣⲱⲙⲉ ⲁⲕϣⲁϫⲉ\nϩⲓ ⲛⲁⲓ ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ⲛ̄ ϯⲛⲁⲡⲓⲥⲧⲉⲩⲉ ⲛⲁⲕ ⲁⲛ ⲉⲓ ⲙⲏ ⲧⲉⲓ\nⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲉⲓⲙⲉ ϩⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲣϫ̄ ⲉ ⲧⲙⲉ ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲛⲁⲩ ⲉ ⲡϩⲱⲃ\nϩⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲱⲣϫ̄ ⲛ̄ ϩⲟ ϩⲓ ϩⲟ • ⲡⲛⲁⲩ ⲅⲁⲣ ϩⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲃⲁⲗ ϣⲁⲩⲧⲁⲛϩⲟⲩⲧϥ̄ ⲉϩⲟⲩⲉ ⲡⲥⲱⲧⲙ̄ ϩⲛ̄ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁϫⲉ ⁖-ⲕⲁ ⲣⲱⲕ ϭⲉ\nⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩ ⲛⲅ̄ ⲧⲙ̄ ⲧⲁⲩⲉ ⲕⲉ ⲗⲁⲁⲩ ⲛ̄ ϣⲁϫⲉ ⲉ ⲡⲣⲱⲙⲉ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕⲔⲁⲧⲏⲅⲟⲣⲉⲓ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ ϩⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲫⲑⲟⲛⲟⲥ\nⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲑⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧ ⲁⲓϫⲟⲟⲥ ⲛⲁⲕ ⲉⲓⲙⲉ ⲛⲁⲕ ϫⲉ ⲉⲕⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ\nⲉⲕϭⲏⲡ ⲉⲩⲛⲟϭ ⲛ̄ϯⲙⲟⲣⲓⲁ ⁖-ⲣ̄ϣⲁⲛ ⲛⲉ ⲛⲧ ⲁⲕϫⲟⲟⲩ\nⲇⲉ ϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲉⲩⲟ ⲙ̄ⲙⲉ ⲕⲛⲁϫⲓ ⲛ ϩⲉⲛⲛⲟϭ ⲛ̄ ⲇⲱⲣⲉⲁ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ\nϩⲓ ⲧⲟⲟⲧⲛ̄ • ϩⲱⲥ ⲉⲕⲟ ⲛ̄ⲟⲩϩⲏⲧ ⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲱⲧ ⲛⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲛ ⲉ ϩⲟⲩⲛ\nⲉ ⲛⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲉ ϩⲟⲩⲛ ⲉⲛⲣ̄ⲣⲱⲟⲩ ⁖-Ⲁϥⲕⲉⲗⲉⲩⲉ ⲉ\nⲧⲣ ⲉⲩⲉⲓⲛⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲫⲁⲅⲓ̄ⲟⲥ ⲙⲉⲣⲕⲟⲩⲣⲓⲟⲥ ϩⲛ̄ ⲧϯⲙⲏ ⲉⲧ\nⲉϣϣⲉ ⲛ̄ ϣⲟⲣⲡ̄ ⁖-ⲡⲁⲓ ⲇⲉ Ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣ ϥ̄ⲉⲓ ϣⲁ ⲣⲟϥ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ\nⲛⲁϥ ⲛ̄ϭⲓ ⲡⲣ̄ⲣⲟ • ϫⲉ ⲙⲉⲣⲕⲟⲩⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲙⲏ | ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲁⲛ ⲡⲉ\nⲛⲧ ⲁⲓ̈ϯ ⲛⲁⲕ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲓ ⲛⲟϭ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲁⲓⲟ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲡⲓⲁⲝⲓⲱⲙⲁ • ⲉ\nⲁⲓⲁⲁⲕ ⲛ̄ ⲥⲧⲣⲁⲧⲏⲗⲁⲧⲏⲥ ϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲙⲏⲏⲧⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲁⲣⲭⲱⲛ\nⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ •","english":"Artemis ordered her to be lifted up according to the command that had been given. He answered, the king said, \"Who is this?\" He said, \"Mercurius, this one to whom you gave the victory and the great honor and the three days of evil. And you raised him in the rank more than the great ones. This one, not only did he disobey your greatness, but he also made many to worship the gods. If you send for them, you will know the truth of what I have said to you.\" Decius said, \"Truly, has envy arisen in your heart against the man? You have spoken these things, but I will not believe you unless I learn with certainty the truth and see the matter face to face. For the eyes reveal more than the ears. So now, do not say any more words against the man. And if you accuse him out of envy, as I have said to you, you will be found to be in great folly. If what you have said is true, you will receive great gifts from us, as one who has a single heart with us towards the gods and towards the kings.\" He commanded that the holy Mercurius be brought to the appropriate place first. When he came before him, the king said to him, \"Mercurius, is it not I who gave you this great honor and the rank? I made you a strategos among all the archons.","structure":"dialogue","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ (with definite article) is the standard Christian term for God. In this passage, the accuser claims Mercurius made many worship the gods (ⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ, plural), contrasting pagan polytheism with Christian monotheism.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"background","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The title ⲥⲧⲣⲁⲧⲏⲗⲁⲧⲏⲥ (strategos) was a high military and administrative rank in Roman Egypt, often used in hagiography to denote a governor or general. The king’s claim to have made Mercurius a strategos among all the archons reflects the honorific hierarchy of the imperial court.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage is a dialogue between the accuser and King Decius, followed by Decius’s address to Mercurius. The king’s response—demanding proof and warning against false accusation—is a common hagiographic motif that delays the martyr’s confrontation and heightens dramatic tension.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"background","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The motif of the king refusing to believe an accuser without evidence appears in other Coptic martyrdom accounts (e.g., of St. George). This reflects the hagiographic ideal of a just but misled ruler, a trope that reinforces the saint’s innocence and the accuser’s malice.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁϥⲣ̄ ▨▨ⲡⲕ","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic text at this point is damaged: ⲁϥⲣ̄ ▨▨ⲡⲕ. The lacuna likely contained a verb meaning 'he made' or 'he caused', but the exact reading is uncertain. The English draft supplies 'he made many to worship the gods', which is a plausible restoration based on context.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of 'Artemis' (ⲁⲣⲧⲉⲙⲏⲥ) is unclear; it may be a proper name or a corruption of a title. The English draft treats it as a name, but the Coptic could also be read as a reference to the goddess Artemis, though this is unlikely in context.","The phrase 'three days of evil' (ϣⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ ⲉⲡⲟⲟⲩ ⲛ̄ϩⲟⲟⲩ) is ambiguous: it may refer to a specific period of dishonor or a ritual humiliation, but the exact meaning is not explained in the text."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[{"kind":"structure","severity":"info","label":"dialogue","text":"Classified as dialogue from the Coptic cues."}]},{"i":9,"ref":"p9","source":"ⲉ ⲧⲃⲉ ⲧⲉⲕⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲣⲙ̄ϩⲏⲧ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲡⲉϫⲣⲟ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁ\nⲛⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲭⲁⲣⲓⲍⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ ⲛⲁⲛ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲡⲟⲗⲉⲙⲟⲥ • Ⲁⲩⲱ\nⲛ̄ ⲁϣ ⲛ̄ ϩⲉ ⲡⲛⲟϭ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲱϣ ⲉⲧ ⲟⲩⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲓϥ ⲉ ϩⲟⲩⲛ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲕ\nⲁⲕⲡⲟⲟⲛⲉ ⲉ ϩⲉⲛⲙⲟⲥⲧⲉ ⲉⲩϩⲟⲟⲩ ⁖-ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛⲓⲛⲟϭ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲁⲓⲟ\nⲁⲕⲡⲟⲟⲛⲟⲩ ⲉⲩⲗⲁⲁⲩ • ⲉ ⲁⲕⲕⲁⲧⲁⲫⲣⲟⲛⲉⲓ ⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ\nⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲓ ϩⲉ ⲧⲏⲣⲥ̄ • ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲑⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧ ⲁⲩⲧⲥⲁⲃⲉⲉⲓⲁⲧⲛ̄ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ\nϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲙⲛ︤ⲧ︥ⲉⲩⲥⲉⲃⲏⲥ ⁖-ⲧⲟⲧⲉ Ⲡⲙⲁⲧⲟⲓ ⲛ̄ ⲅⲉⲛⲛⲁⲓⲟⲥ ⲛ̄ⲧⲉ\nⲡⲉⲭⲣ︦ⲥ︦ ϩⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲙⲉ • ⲁϥⲕⲁⲁϥ ⲕⲁ ϩⲏⲩ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲣⲙ̄ ⲛ̄ ⲁⲥ","english":"...because of your humility and the victory that God granted us in the war. And what great desire do you have towards you that you turned into evil hatreds? And the great honors you turned into nothing, as you despised God in this entire manner, according to the way they taught you outside in impiety. Then the soldier of the noble one of Christ truly left it behind, the man of Asia.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ (with definite article) is the standard Christian term for God. Here it appears twice, once in the phrase 'the victory that God granted us' and once in 'you despised God', both referring to the Christian God.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲙⲁⲧⲟⲓ ⲛ̄ ⲅⲉⲛⲛⲁⲓⲟⲥ ⲛ̄ⲧⲉ ⲡⲉⲭⲣ︦ⲥ︦","severity":"info","text":"This phrase, 'the soldier of the noble one of Christ', likely refers to Mercurius himself, who is elsewhere called a soldier. The epithet 'noble one of Christ' (ⲡⲉⲭⲣ︦ⲥ︦) is a standard hagiographic title for a martyr.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲧⲙⲛ︤ⲧ︥ⲉⲩⲥⲉⲃⲏⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'outside in impiety' (ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲙⲛ︤ⲧ︥ⲉⲩⲥⲉⲃⲏⲥ) contrasts Christian piety with pagan impiety, a common trope in Coptic martyrdom accounts. The speaker accuses Mercurius of learning impiety from outsiders, i.e., non-Christians.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage is a speech by Artemis (the persecutor) accusing Mercurius of ingratitude and impiety. It follows the previous passage where Artemis orders Mercurius to be lifted up, and it builds toward the martyr's response.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲣⲙ̄ ⲛ̄ ⲁⲥ","severity":"caution","text":"The final phrase ⲡⲣⲙ̄ ⲛ̄ ⲁⲥ ('the man of Asia') is ambiguous. It may be a geographical epithet for Mercurius, but the Coptic text is unclear; the English draft renders it as 'the man of Asia', but the connection to the preceding clause is uncertain.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase ⲡⲣⲙ̄ ⲛ̄ ⲁⲥ ('the man of Asia') is unclear in context; it may be a title for Mercurius or a separate reference.","The Coptic ⲁⲕⲡⲟⲟⲛⲉ (you turned) could be read as a second-person singular, but the subject of the speech is Artemis addressing Mercurius."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":10,"ref":"p10","source":"ⲙⲛ̄ ⲛⲉϥϩⲃⲏⲩⲉ [ⲕⲁⲧⲁ] ⲡϣⲁϫⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲁⲩⲗⲟⲥ ⲡⲁⲡⲟⲥⲧⲟⲗⲟⲥ\nⲉ ⲁϥ ϯϩⲓⲱⲱϥ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲣⲙ̄ ⲛ̄ ⲃⲣ︤ⲣⲉ ⲡⲁⲓ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩⲥⲟⲛⲧϥ̄ ⲛ̄ϩⲏⲧϥ̄\nⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ϩⲓⲧⲙ̄ ⲡⲃⲁⲡϯⲥⲙⲁ • ⲁϥⲟⲩⲱϣⲃ̄ ⲛ̄ϭⲓ\nⲫⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ϩⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲥⲙⲏ ⲙ̄ ⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲣⲙ̄ⲣⲁϣ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ϫⲁⲣ\nϩⲏⲧ • ϫⲉ ⲡⲉⲓ ⲧⲁⲓⲟ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲓ ⲙⲓⲛⲉ ⲙⲁⲣⲉϥϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲛⲁⲕ • ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲉϣϫⲉ ⲁⲓⲃⲱⲕ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ⲉ ⲡⲡⲟⲗⲩⲙⲟⲥ ⲁⲓ̄ⲙⲓϣⲉ |\nⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲇⲉ ⲁⲛ ⲡⲉ ⲛⲧ ⲁⲓϫⲣⲟ ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ⲡϫⲥ̄ • ⲡⲉⲛⲧ ⲁϥⲭⲁⲣⲓⲍⲉ ⲛⲁⲓ ⲙ̄ ⲡϫⲥ̄ • Ⲡⲗⲏⲛ ϫⲓ ⲛⲁⲕ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲕⲧⲁⲓⲟ ⲛ̄ⲑⲉ\nⲛⲧ ⲁⲕϫⲟⲟⲥ • ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲓⲉⲓ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲛ̄ ϩⲏⲧⲥ̄ ⲛ̄\nⲧⲁ ⲙⲁⲁⲩ ⲉⲓⲕⲏ ⲕⲁ ϩⲏⲩ ⲉⲓⲛⲁⲃⲱⲕ ⲟⲛ ⲉⲓⲕⲏ ⲕⲁ ϩⲏⲩ • Ⲛ ⲧⲉⲣⲉ ϥϫⲉ ⲛⲁⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲁϥⲕⲁⲁϥ ⲕⲁ ϩⲏⲩ ⲛ̄ ⲧϥ̄ⲭⲗⲁⲙⲩⲥ • ⲁϥⲃⲟⲗϥ̄ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉϥⲍⲱⲛⲏ ⲁϥⲛⲟϫⲟⲩ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲁ\nⲣⲁⲧϥ̄ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲣ̄ⲣⲟ ⲁϥϫⲓϣⲕⲁⲕ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ⲉϥϫⲱ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲥ • ϫⲉ\nⲁⲛⲅ̄ ⲟⲩⲭⲣⲓⲥϯⲁⲛⲟⲥ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲥⲱⲧⲙ̄ ⲧⲏⲣⲧⲛ̄ ϫⲉ ⲁⲛⲅ̄\nⲟⲩⲭⲣⲓⲥϯⲁⲛⲟⲥ ⁖-ⲧⲟⲧⲉ ⲇⲉⲕⲓⲟⲥ Ⲁϥⲣ̄ ⲑⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉ ⲛⲧ\nⲁⲩⲡⲱⲥϣ̄ (sic) ⲁϥⲉⲓⲱⲣⲙ̄ ⲉ ϩⲟⲩⲛ ⲉ ϩⲣⲁϥ • ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲛⲟϭ ⲛ̄\nⲛⲁⲩ • ⲁϥⲣ̄ ϣⲡⲏⲣⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲓⲛⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲥⲁ ⲛ ⲧϥ̄ⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲃⲣ̄ⲣⲉ ⁖ⲡⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲇⲉ ⲛ ⲉⲛⲉⲥⲱϥ ⲉⲙⲁⲧⲉ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϥⲉⲓⲛⲉ ⲉϥⲧⲣⲉϣⲣⲱϣ ⲉⲙⲁⲧⲉ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϥⲁⲩⲉⲓ̈ⲛ • ⲉϥⲟ ⲙ̄ ⲙⲉⲣϣ̄ ϩⲙ̄\nⲡⲉϥϥⲱ ⲉϥⲕⲟⲥⲙⲉⲓ ϩⲙ̄ ⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲥⲁⲉⲓ ⲛⲓⲙ • ϩⲓ ⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ϫⲱⲱⲣⲉ\nⲉⲣⲉ ϩⲁϩ ϭⲱϣⲧ̄ ⲛ̄ⲥⲱϥ ⲉⲩⲣ̄ ϣⲡⲏⲣⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ ⁖-ⲙⲛ︦ⲛ︦ⲥⲁ\nⲛⲁⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲇⲉⲕⲓⲟⲥ ⲡⲣ̄ⲣⲟ ⲁϥⲕⲓⲙ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉϥⲁⲡⲉ ⲟⲩⲉϩ|ⲥⲁϩⲛⲉ\nⲉ ⲛⲟϫϥ̄ ⲉ ⲡⲉϣⲧⲉⲕⲟ ⲉϥϫⲱ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲥ • ϫⲉ ⲡⲣⲱⲙⲉ ⲉⲧⲉ\nⲙ̄ⲡ ⲉϥⲥⲟⲩⲛ ⲡⲧⲁⲓⲟ ⲙⲁⲣϥ̄ϫⲓ ⲡⲏⲣⲁ ⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲧϭⲁⲓ̈ⲟ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥϫⲉ ⲡⲁⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲉϥⲙⲉⲉⲩⲉ ϫⲉ ⲉϥⲛⲁⲉϣⲡⲉⲛⲉ\nⲡⲉϥⲗⲟⲅⲓⲥⲙⲟⲥ ⲛ̄ ⲉⲩⲥⲉⲃⲏⲥ •","english":"...with his works according to the word of the apostle Paul, the apostle, who put on the new man, which was built within him according to God through baptism. The saint answered with a voice of joy and courage, saying, \"Let this kind of honor be for you. For if I had gone to the contest, I would have fought. But it is not I who prevailed, but the Lord; it is the Lord who granted me the victory. However, take your honors as you said. For I came out of my mother's womb empty, and I will go again empty.\" When he said these things, he let go of his cloak, he unfastened his belt, he threw them down at the feet of the king, and he cried out, saying, \"I am a Christian! And hear all of you that I am a Christian!\" Then Decius became like one who had been struck, he was enraged inwardly, with great fury, and he marveled at the appearance of the new man. The blessed one was very beautiful in his appearance, very radiant in his face, with a smile on his mouth, adorned with all kinds of virtues and strength. Many looked at him in wonder. After these things, Decius the king shook his head and gave orders to throw him into prison, saying, \"The man who does not know honor, let him now receive the punishment of the dishonorable.\" He said this thinking that he would change his mind, but the blessed one was steadfast in his piety.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡϣⲁϫⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲁⲩⲗⲟⲥ ⲡⲁⲡⲟⲥⲧⲟⲗⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'the word of the apostle Paul' introduces a paraphrase of Colossians 3:9-10, where Paul speaks of putting on the new man. The Coptic text adapts this to the hagiographical context.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲡⲁⲡⲟⲥⲧⲟⲗⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The term 'apostle' is used here as a fixed title for Paul, consistent with the pinned glossary rendering. It appears in the genitive construction 'ⲡⲁⲩⲗⲟⲥ ⲡⲁⲡⲟⲥⲧⲟⲗⲟⲥ' (Paul the apostle).","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲇⲉⲕⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"Decius (ⲇⲉⲕⲓⲟⲥ) is the Roman emperor Decius (r. 249-251 CE), known for his persecution of Christians. His presence here aligns the martyrdom with the Decian persecution, a common setting in Coptic hagiography.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁϥⲕⲁⲁϥ ⲕⲁ ϩⲏⲩ ⲛ̄ ⲧϥ̄ⲭⲗⲁⲙⲩⲥ • ⲁϥⲃⲟⲗϥ̄ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉϥⲍⲱⲛⲏ ⲁϥⲛⲟϫⲟⲩ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ","severity":"info","text":"The saint's stripping off his cloak and belt and throwing them at the king's feet is a dramatic gesture of renunciation, marking a structural shift from dialogue to public declaration of faith.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The saint is called 'the blessed one' (ⲡⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ), a standard epithet in Coptic hagiography for martyrs, reflecting the reception of Mercurius as a model of steadfast piety.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁⲩⲡⲱⲥϣ̄ (sic)","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic text has 'ⲁⲩⲡⲱⲥϣ̄' (sic), likely a scribal error or variant for 'ⲁⲩⲡⲱⲥϣ' (they struck). The English draft renders it 'had been struck', which is a plausible emendation.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase 'ⲁⲩⲡⲱⲥϣ̄ (sic)' is ambiguous; it may be a scribal error for 'ⲁⲩⲡⲱⲥϣ' (they struck) or a variant spelling. The reading 'had been struck' is adopted.","The clause 'ⲁϥⲕⲁⲁϥ ⲕⲁ ϩⲏⲩ' could be read as 'he let go of it' or 'he left it behind'; the context supports the former."],"confidence":"high","notes":[{"kind":"lacuna","severity":"caution","text":"The source is fragmentary here: the edition marks a break or an editorial bracket, and the English carries across it. Treat the bridge as supplied, not translated."},{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲁⲡⲟⲥⲧⲟⲗⲟⲥ","text":"ⲁⲡⲟⲥⲧⲟⲗⲟⲥ → “apostle”. Standard rendering; first occurrence is noted here, the term recurs below."}]},{"i":11,"ref":"p11","source":"ⲡⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩⲣⲟⲥ ⲇⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲭⲥ̄\nⲉⲩϫⲓ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ ⲉ ⲡⲉϣⲧⲉⲕⲟ • ⲛϥ̄ⲣⲁϣⲉ ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛϥ̄ⲧⲉⲗⲏⲗ\nϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲡⲛ︤ⲁ︥ • ⲉϥϯ ⲉⲟⲟⲩ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⁖-Ϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲩϣⲏ ⲇⲉ\nⲉⲧ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲩ ⲁⲩⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ ⲁϩⲉ ⲣⲁⲧϥ̄ ϩⲓ ϫⲱϥ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲁϥ • ϫⲉ ⲙⲉⲣⲕⲟⲩⲣⲓⲉ • ⲧⲱⲕ ⲛ̄ ϩⲏⲧ ⲁⲩⲱ ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ ⲣ̄ ϩⲟⲧⲉ\nϩⲏⲧⲟⲩ • ⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲁⲡⲩⲗⲏ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲧⲩⲣⲁⲛⲛⲟⲥ • ⲡⲓⲥⲧⲉⲩⲉ ⲉ ⲡⲉⲭⲥ̄\nⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲛⲅ̄ ϩⲟⲙⲟⲗⲟⲅⲉⲓ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ ϫⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲟϥ ⲡⲉ ⲡⲉⲭⲥ̄\nⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲛ̄ϣϭⲟⲙ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ ⲉ ⲧⲟⲩϫⲟⲕ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲛ̄\nⲑⲗⲓⲯⲓⲥ ⲛⲓⲙ • Ⲡⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩⲣⲟⲥ ⲇⲉ ϩⲱⲱϥ ⲛⲉ ⲁϥϭⲙ̄ϭⲟⲙ •","english":"The martyr of Christ, as they were taking him to the torture, rejoiced and was glad in spirit, glorifying God. And in that night, an angel stood at his head and said to him, \"Mercurius, take heart and do not be afraid of the wounds of the tyrant. Believe in Christ, God, and confess him, that he is Christ, God, who has the power to save you from every tribulation.\" The martyr himself also took courage.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲡⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩⲣⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Greek loanword μάρτυς, here in the hagiographical sense 'martyr', is used with the definite article to refer to Mercurius.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ","severity":"info","text":"ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ with the definite article names God; the angel's exhortation identifies Christ as God, reinforcing the theological claim of Christ's divinity.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The passage shifts from the martyr's joyful reaction to torture to a nocturnal angelic visitation, a common hagiographic motif that provides divine reassurance before the ordeal.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The angel's command to 'confess' (ⲟⲙⲟⲗⲟⲅⲉⲓ) Christ as God reflects the legal and religious act of confession required of martyrs, contrasting with the tyrant's demand for denial.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic phrase ⲛϥ̄ⲣⲁϣⲉ ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛϥ̄ⲧⲉⲗⲏⲗ is ambiguous: it could be read as 'he rejoiced and was glad' (preterite) or as a circumstantial 'rejoicing and being glad'; the English draft takes the former.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The Coptic ⲛϥ̄ⲣⲁϣⲉ ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛϥ̄ⲧⲉⲗⲏⲗ may be parsed as a narrative preterite or a circumstantial; the reading taken is narrative preterite. The phrase ⲉⲩϫⲓ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ ⲉ ⲡⲉϣⲧⲉⲕⲟ could be read as 'as they were taking him to the torture' (circumstantial) or 'they took him to the torture' (main clause); the English draft adopts the circumstantial."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":12,"ref":"p12","source":"ⲛ̄ϩⲟⲩⲟ • ⲛⲁⲓ ⲛⲉ ⲛⲧⲁ ⲡⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ ϫⲟⲟⲩ ⲉ ⲣⲟϥ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡ\nⲧⲣ ⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲛϩ̄ ⲉ ⲣⲟϥ ⁖-ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϥⲣⲁⲥⲧⲉ ⲇⲉ ⲁϥϩⲙⲟⲥ\nⲉ ⲡⲃⲏⲙⲁ ⲛ̄ϭⲓ ⲇⲉⲕⲓⲟⲥ • ⲁϥⲟⲩⲉϩⲥⲁϩⲛⲉ ⲉ ⲧⲣ ⲉⲩⲡⲁⲣϩⲓⲥⲧⲁ ⲛⲁϥ | ⲙ̄ ⲡⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲁϥ • ϫⲉ\nⲁⲣⲁ ⲡⲉⲓ ⲧⲁⲓⲟ ⲛ ⲧⲉⲓ ⲙⲓⲛⲉ ⲡⲣⲉⲡⲉⲓ ⲛⲁⲕ ⲛ̄ⲧ ⲁⲕϫⲓⲧϥ̄ ⲉ\nⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲓ ⲧⲟⲟⲧ ⲉⲧⲉ ⲡⲉⲧϭⲁⲓⲟ ⲡⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧ ⲁⲕⲥⲟⲧⲡϥ̄ ⲛⲁⲕ\nⲙⲁⲩⲁⲁⲕ ⁖-ⲁϥⲟⲩⲱϢⲃ̄ ⲛ̄ϭⲓ ⲡⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ϫⲉ\nϥⲡⲣⲉⲡⲉⲓ ⲛⲁⲓ ⲛ̄ϩⲟⲩⲟ • ⲁⲓϫⲓ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲁⲝⲓⲱⲙⲁ • ⲛ̄\nⲁⲧ ⲧⲁⲕⲟ • ⲡⲉϫⲉ Ⲡⲣ̄ⲣⲟ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ϫⲱ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲓ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲕⲅⲉⲛⲟⲥ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲕⲡⲟⲗⲓⲥ ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲕ ⲅⲁⲣ ϯⲥⲟⲟⲩⲛ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲕ ϫⲉ\nⲉⲕⲏⲡ ⲉ ⲁϣ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲁⲝⲓⲥ • ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲁϥ Ⲛϭⲓ ⲫⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲙⲉⲣⲕⲟⲩⲣⲓⲟⲥ • ϫⲉ ⲉϣϫⲉ ⲕⲟⲩⲱϣ ⲉ ⲥⲟⲩⲛ̄ ⲡⲁ ⲅⲉⲛⲟⲥ ⲙⲛ̄\nⲧⲁ ⲡⲟⲗⲓⲥ • ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲅⲁⲣ ϯⲛⲁⲧⲁⲙⲟⲕ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲟⲩ • ⲡⲁ ⲉⲓⲱⲧ\nⲙⲉⲛ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲥⲁⲣⲝ̄ ⲟⲩ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ⲡⲉ ϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲥⲕⲓⲑⲓⲁ • ⲉ ⲡⲉϥⲣⲁⲛ ⲡⲉ ⲕⲟⲣⲇⲓⲁⲛⲟⲥ • ⲉ ⲁϥⲣ̄ ⲙⲁⲧⲟⲓ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲁⲣⲓⲑⲙⲟⲥ • ⲛ︦ⲙ︦ⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩⲥⲓⲟⲛ • ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲟⲩⲟⲉⲓϣ ⲇⲉ ⲡⲁⲓ ⲁϥⲣ̄ ⲡⲣⲱⲧⲟⲥ\nⲉ ⲡⲓⲁⲣⲓⲑⲙⲟⲥ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲱⲧ • ⲡⲁ ⲉⲓⲱⲧ ⲇⲉ ϩⲱⲱϥ ⲛ̄ ⲁⲗⲩⲑⲉⲓⲛⲟⲥ ⲡⲉ ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲁⲩⲱ ⲧⲁ ⲡⲟⲗⲓⲥ ⲧⲉ ⲑⲓⲉⲗⲏ︦ⲙ︦ ⲛ̄ |\nⲧⲡⲉ • ⲧⲡⲟⲗⲓⲥ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲛⲟϭ ⲛ̄ ⲣ̄ⲣⲟ ⁖-Ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲣ̄ⲣⲟ ⲛⲁϥ ⲟⲛ\nϫⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩⲙⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲕ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲓ ⲣⲁⲛ ϫⲉ ⲙⲉⲣⲕⲟⲩⲣⲓ̄ⲟⲥ\nϩⲓⲧⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲕⲉⲓⲟⲟⲧⲉ ϫⲓⲛ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲛ ⲙ̄ ⲙⲁⲧⲟⲓ ⲛⲉⲛⲧ ⲁⲩⲧⲁⲁϥ\nⲉ ⲣⲟⲕ ⁖-Ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛ̄ϭⲓ ⲫⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲙⲉⲣⲕⲟⲩⲣⲓⲟⲥ • ϫⲉ ⲡⲁ\nⲉⲓⲱⲧ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥⲙⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲓ ϫⲉ ⲫⲓⲗⲟⲡⲁⲧⲱⲣ • ⲉⲧⲉ\nⲡⲉϥⲟⲩⲱϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲉ ⲡⲙⲁⲓ̈ ⲛⲉϥⲉⲓⲟⲟⲧⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣ ⲉⲓⲣ̄ ⲙⲁⲧⲟⲓ\nⲇⲉ ⲁⲩⲙⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲓ ϩⲓⲧⲛ̄ ⲡⲧⲣⲓ̈ⲃⲟⲩⲛⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲙⲉⲣⲕⲟⲩⲣⲓⲟⲥ •","english":"the more. These are the things the angel sent to him in the night, appearing to him. And on the next day, Decius sat on the tribunal and commanded that the blessed one be brought before him. And he said to him, \"Is this honor of this kind fitting for you, that you have taken it upon yourself, which is the honor you have chosen for yourself?\" The blessed one answered and said, \"It is fitting for me more. For I have received an indestructible dignity.\" The king said to him, \"Tell me your lineage and your city, for I know you, that you are of some rank.\" The holy Mercurius said to him, \"If you wish to know my lineage and my city, I will tell them to you. My father according to the flesh is from Scythia, his name is Gordianus, and he served as a soldier in the number of the Martyrs. At that time, he was first in the same number. But my true father is God, and my city is Jerusalem in heaven, the city of the great king.\" The king said to him again, \"You were given this name Mercurius by your parents, or perhaps by the soldiers who gave it to you?\" The holy Mercurius said, \"My father called me Philopator, which means lover of his parents. But when I became a soldier, I was called Mercurius by the tribune.","structure":"dialogue","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The angel is the same messenger from the previous passage, consistent with the fixed rendering of ⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ as 'angel'.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲇⲉⲕⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"Decius is the Roman emperor (249–251 CE), a typical persecutor in Coptic martyrdoms; his name here is a Greek loanword (Δέκιος).","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ","severity":"info","text":"ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ (with definite article) is rendered 'God', as per the pinned glossary; here it refers to the Christian God as Mercurius's true father.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲧⲡⲉ","severity":"info","text":"ⲧⲡⲉ is rendered 'heaven' (abode of God), not 'sky', consistent with the pinned glossary; here it is part of 'Jerusalem in heaven'.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲙⲉⲣⲕⲟⲩⲣⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The name Mercurius (from Latin Mercurius) is given to the saint upon becoming a soldier; the Coptic text derives it from the tribune, not from his parents.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage is a dialogue between Decius and Mercurius, following the angelic visitation; it establishes Mercurius's dual lineage (earthly and heavenly) and his name change.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The Coptic ⲡⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ could be read as 'the angel' or 'a messenger', but the context and fixed glossary require 'angel'.","The phrase ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩⲙⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲕ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲓ ⲣⲁⲛ (line 17) is ambiguous: it could mean 'you were called by this name' or 'they called you by this name'; the translation takes it as passive.","The name ⲫⲓⲗⲟⲡⲁⲧⲱⲣ (Philopator) is a Greek compound meaning 'lover of father', but the text glosses it as 'lover of his parents'."],"confidence":"high","notes":[{"kind":"structure","severity":"info","label":"dialogue","text":"Classified as dialogue from the Coptic cues."}]},{"i":13,"ref":"p13","source":"Ⲡⲣ̄ⲣⲟ ⲇⲉ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲙⲉⲣⲕⲟⲩⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲱⲡ ⲉⲧ\nⲕ̄ϫⲱ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ ⲕⲛⲁⲉⲓⲣⲉ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲡⲉⲛⲡⲣⲟⲥⲧⲁⲅⲙⲁ ⲛ̄ⲧ\nⲁⲛⲧⲟϭϥ̄ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲛⲓⲙ ⲛⲅ̄ ⲡⲣⲟⲥⲕⲩⲛⲏ ⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ\nⲛⲅ̄ϫⲓ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲕⲧⲁⲓⲟ • ⲛ̄ ϣⲟⲣⲡ̄ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲡⲕ̄ⲉⲟⲟⲩ ϫⲓⲛ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲛ • ⲱⲡ ⲉⲧ ⲉⲕϫⲱ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ • ⲁϫⲓⲥ ⲛⲁⲛ ϩⲛ̄ ⲟⲩϭⲉⲡⲏ ϩⲱⲥ\nⲉⲕⲥⲟⲟⲩⲛ̄ ϫⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩⲛ̄ⲧⲕ̄ ⲉ ⲡⲉⲓ ⲙⲁ • ⲉ ⲧⲃⲉ ⲡⲓ̈ ϩⲱⲃ ⁖ⲁϥⲟⲩⲱϣⲃ̄ ⲛ̄ϭⲓ ⲡⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩⲣⲟⲥ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ\nⲑⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧ ⲁⲓⲉⲓ ⲉ ⲡⲉⲓ ⲙⲁ ϩⲱⲥ ϫⲉ ⲉⲓⲉϫⲣⲟ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲕ ⲙⲛ̄\nⲡⲉⲕⲉⲓⲱⲧ ⲡⲥⲁⲧⲁⲛⲁⲥ • ⲡⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁ | ⲡⲉⲑⲟⲟⲩ ⲛⲓⲙ • ϣⲱⲡⲉ","english":"The king said to him, \"Mercurius, O one who speaks thus, will you act according to our decree? I have commanded that everyone worship the gods and receive your honor first, and the rest of the glory from now on, O one who speaks thus. Tell us briefly, as you know that you have been brought to this place because of this matter.\" The martyr answered, saying, \"I, according to the manner in which I came to this place, as one who will prevail over you and your father Satan, who is the evil one, let all evil things happen.","structure":"dialogue","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩⲣⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic ⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩⲣⲟⲥ, from Greek μάρτυς, is rendered 'martyr' in the hagiographical sense, though the older forensic sense 'witness' may resonate in the trial setting.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲥⲁⲧⲁⲛⲁⲥ","severity":"info","text":"ⲥⲁⲧⲁⲛⲁⲥ (Satan) is identified as the father of the king, a rhetorical device that demonizes the imperial authority and aligns the persecution with cosmic evil.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ","severity":"info","text":"ⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ (gods) appears without the definite article, indicating the pagan deities, in contrast to ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ (God) used elsewhere in Christian Coptic texts.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage is a dialogue unit, marked by the exchange between King Decius and Mercurius. The king's command to worship the gods and the martyr's defiant response follow the typical hagiographical pattern of trial and confession.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The reference to the king's decree and the command to worship the gods reflects the historical context of the Decian persecution (AD 249–251), which required all citizens to perform sacrifices to the Roman gods.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic phrase ⲛ̄ ϣⲟⲣⲡ̄ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲡⲕ̄ⲉⲟⲟⲩ ϫⲓⲛ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲛ is ambiguous: it may mean 'first and the rest of the glory from now on' or 'first and the other glory from now on'. The English draft follows the former reading.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase ⲛ̄ ϣⲟⲣⲡ̄ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲡⲕ̄ⲉⲟⲟⲩ ϫⲓⲛ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲛ is ambiguous: it may mean 'first and the rest of the glory from now on' or 'first and the other glory from now on'. The English draft takes the former.","The Coptic ⲁϥⲟⲩⲱϣⲃ̄ ⲛ̄ϭⲓ ⲡⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩⲣⲟⲥ is clear, but the martyr's response is syntactically broken: ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲑⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧ ⲁⲓⲉⲓ ⲉ ⲡⲉⲓ ⲙⲁ ϩⲱⲥ ϫⲉ ⲉⲓⲉϫⲣⲟ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲕ... The English draft supplies 'as one who will prevail' to smooth the sense."],"confidence":"high","notes":[{"kind":"structure","severity":"info","label":"dialogue","text":"Classified as dialogue from the Coptic cues."},{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲥⲁⲧⲁⲛⲁⲥ","text":"ⲥⲁⲧⲁⲛⲁⲥ → “Satan”. Standard rendering; first occurrence is noted here, the term recurs below."}]},{"i":14,"ref":"p14","source":"ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲓ ⲧⲟⲟⲧϥ̄ • Ⲉⲓϣⲁⲛϫⲣⲟ ⲇⲉ ϣⲁⲩϯ ⲕⲗⲟⲙ • ⲉ\nϫⲱⲓ ϩⲓⲧⲙ̄ ⲡⲁⲅⲱⲛⲟⲑⲉⲧⲏⲥ • ⲙ̄ⲙⲉ ⲡⲁ ϫⲥ̄ ⲓ︤ⲥ︥ ⲡⲉⲭ︤ⲥ︥ • ⲡⲉⲧ\nⲉϩⲛⲁⲕ ϭⲉ ⲟⲩⲛ ⲁⲣⲓϥ ϩⲛ̄ ⲟⲩϭⲉⲡⲏ ⲛⲅ̄ ⲧⲙ̄ ⲱⲥⲕ̄ • ⲟⲩⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲓ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲩ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲡⲁⲛϩⲟⲡⲗⲓⲁ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲙⲛ̄\nⲡⲉⲑⲩⲣⲱⲛ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲡⲓⲥϯⲥ • ⲛⲁⲓ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲓ ⲧⲟⲟⲧⲟⲩ • ϯⲛⲁϫⲣⲟ ⲉ ⲛⲉⲕⲙⲉⲉⲩⲉ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲕⲧⲉⲭⲛⲏ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ • ⲛ̄ ⲕⲣⲟϥ\nⲉ ϩⲟⲩⲛ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲓ • ⲧⲟⲧⲉ ⲡⲣ̄ⲣⲟ ⲁϥⲙⲟⲩϩ ⲛ̄ ϫⲱⲛⲧ̄ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ\nϫⲉ ⲉⲡⲉⲓ ⲇⲏ ⲡⲁⲓ ϫⲱ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲥ • ϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲓ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲩ ⲛ̄\nⲟⲩⲡⲁⲛϩⲟⲡⲗⲓⲁ • ⲛ̄ ϩⲱⲃ Ⲕⲁⲓ ⲡⲉⲣ ⲉϥⲕⲏ ⲕⲁ ϩⲏⲩ ⲉϥⲁϩⲉ\nⲣⲁⲧϥ̄ • ϯⲕⲉⲗⲉⲩⲉ ⲉ ⲧⲣ ⲉⲩⲧⲟⲥϥ̄ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ⲉ ϥⲧⲟ ⲉⲛ̄\nϣⲙⲟⲩⲓ • ⲛ̄ⲥⲉ ϫⲟⲗⲕϥ̄ • ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲧⲡⲉ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲡⲕⲁϩ\nⲛ̄ⲁⲟⲩⲙⲁϩⲉ • ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣ ⲟⲩⲣ̄ ⲡⲁⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲁϥ • ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛ̄ϭⲓ\nⲡⲣ̄ⲣⲟ ϫⲉ ⲉⲩⲧⲱⲛ ⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩ ⲛⲉⲕϩⲟⲡⲗⲟⲛ ⲉⲧ ⲉⲕⲑⲁⲣⲉⲓ\nⲉ ⲣⲟⲟⲩ • ϣⲉ ⲡⲛⲟϭ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲡⲍⲉⲩⲥ • ⲁⲩⲧⲟⲥⲕ̄ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ\nⲉⲙⲁⲧⲉ • ⲁϥϭⲱϣⲧ̄ | ⲇⲉ ⲉ ϩⲣⲁⲓ ⲉ ⲧⲡⲉ ⲛ̄ϭⲓ ⲡⲡⲉⲧ\nⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲡⲁ ϫⲥ̄ ⲃⲟⲏⲑⲉⲓ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲓ̈ ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲡⲉⲕϩⲙ̄ϩⲁⲗ • ⲡⲁⲗⲓⲛ ⲟⲛ Ⲁϥⲕⲉⲗⲉⲉⲩⲉ (sic) ⲛ̄ϭⲓ ⲡⲣ̄ⲣⲟ ⲉ ⲧⲣ\nⲉⲩϣⲱⲗϭ̄ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϥⲥⲱⲙⲁ ϩⲛ̄ ϩⲉⲛϭⲟⲣⲧⲉ ⲉⲩϫⲏⲣ ⲉ ⲡⲙⲁ • ⲛ̄ ϩⲉⲛⲙⲁⲥϯⲅⲝ̄ • Ⲁⲩⲱ ⲙⲛ︦ⲛ︦ⲥⲱⲥ ⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲡⲉⲣϣ̄ ϩⲉⲛ ϫⲃ̄ⲃⲥ̄\nⲛ̄ ⲕⲱϩⲧ̄ ϩⲁ ⲣⲟϥ ϫⲉ ⲕⲁⲥ ⲉϥⲉⲣⲱⲕϩ̄ • ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲕⲟⲩⲓ ⲕⲟⲩⲓ̈\nⲁϥⲱϣⲙ̄ ⲛ̄ϭⲓ ⲡϣⲁϩ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲕⲱϩⲧ̄ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲥⲛⲟϥ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲇⲓⲕⲁⲓⲟⲥ ⲉⲧ ϩⲁⲧⲉ ⲉ ⲡⲉⲥⲏⲧ •","english":"...outside of his hand. If I conquer, then they give a crown upon me through the Agonothetes, truly my Lord Jesus Christ. What then do you wish? Do it quickly, do not delay. For I have the panoply of God and the gift of faith. These are outside of their hands. I will conquer your thoughts and all your deceitful arts that come into me. Then the king was filled with anger. He said, \"Since this one says, 'I have a panoply,' of what sort is it? And the matter is laid aside, it stands ready. I command that he be stripped outside, that he be stretched out like a wolf, and that he be pierced through, from the sky to the earth, not touching. When this was done to him, the king said, \"Where now are your weapons that you boast about before them? The great god Zeus has stripped you completely.\" But the holy one looked up to the sky and said, \"My Lord, help me, I am your servant.\" Again the king commanded that his body be torn with iron combs that are sharpened to the place, with scourges. And afterwards they sprinkled burning coals under him so that he would burn, little by little. The flame of the fire was extinguished in the blood of the righteous one as it fell downward.","structure":"dialogue","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲡⲁⲛϩⲟⲡⲗⲓⲁ","severity":"info","text":"The Greek loanword ⲡⲁⲛϩⲟⲡⲗⲓⲁ (panoplia) means 'full armour' or 'complete equipment'. Here it is used metaphorically for spiritual armour, a common trope in martyrdom texts.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲅⲱⲛⲟⲑⲉⲧⲏⲥ","severity":"info","text":"ⲁⲅⲱⲛⲟⲑⲉⲧⲏⲥ (agonisthetes) is a Greek loanword meaning 'president of the games'. In Christian usage, Christ is the one who awards the crown of martyrdom, as in this passage.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲁⲛϩⲟⲡⲗⲓⲁ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'panoply of God' echoes Ephesians 6:11 (the 'panoply of God' in the context of spiritual warfare), though the exact wording is not a direct quotation. The martyr's claim to possess divine armour is a standard motif.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲍⲉⲩⲥ","severity":"info","text":"Zeus (ⲡⲍⲉⲩⲥ) is the chief god of the Greek pantheon, invoked here by the king as a rival to the Christian God. This reflects the historical context of Roman persecution where emperors demanded sacrifice to state gods.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage is a dialogue between the martyr and the king, typical of the 'trial' section in Coptic martyrdom accounts. The martyr's defiance and the king's anger follow a set pattern: challenge, boast of divine aid, torture command.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁϥⲕⲉⲗⲉⲉⲩⲉ","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic ⲁϥⲕⲉⲗⲉⲉⲩⲉ (he commanded) is a variant spelling of ⲁϥⲕⲉⲗⲉⲩⲉ, likely a scribal error or dialectal form. The sense is clear, but the orthography is non-standard.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲓ ⲧⲟⲟⲧϥ̄ (outside of his hand) is ambiguous: it may mean 'beyond his control' or 'outside his grasp'. The translation takes it as 'outside of his hand' in a literal sense, but a metaphorical reading is possible.","The clause ⲛ̄ⲥⲉ ϫⲟⲗⲕϥ̄ (and that he be pierced through) could also be read as 'and that they pierce him', with an indefinite subject. The translation opts for the passive."],"confidence":"high","notes":[{"kind":"structure","severity":"info","label":"dialogue","text":"Classified as dialogue from the Coptic cues."}]},{"i":15,"ref":"p15","source":"ⲡϩⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲇⲉ ⲁϥϥⲓ ⲉ ⲣⲟϥ\nϩⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲛⲟϭ ⲙ̄ ⲙⲛ︤ⲧ︥ϫⲱⲱⲣⲉ ϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲓ ⲛⲟϭ ⲛ̄ ⲃⲁⲥⲁⲛⲟⲥ ⁖ⲇⲉⲕⲓⲟⲥ ⲇⲉ ⲁϥⲕⲉⲗⲉⲩⲉ ⲉ ⲧⲣ ⲉⲩⲃⲟⲗϥ̄ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ϫⲉ ⲕⲁⲥ\nⲛ̄ⲛⲉϥⲙⲟⲩ ϩⲛ̄ ⲟⲩϭⲉⲡⲏ ⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲟⲧⲡϥ̄ ⲉ ϩⲟⲩⲛ ⲉⲩⲙⲁ ⲛ̄\nⲕⲁⲕⲉ ⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲱⲣϫ̄ ⲉ ⲣⲱϥ ϩⲛ̄ ⲟⲩϭⲉⲡⲏ ⁖-ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲧⲟⲓ ⲇⲉ\nⲁⲩϥⲓ ⲉ ϩⲣⲁⲓ ϩⲁ ⲣⲟϥ • ⲉϥⲟ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲁϣ ⲙⲟⲩ ⲉⲩⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲕⲟⲩⲓ̈\nⲛ̄ ⲛⲓϥⲉ • ϣⲟϫⲡ̄ ⲛ̄ϩⲏⲧϥ̄ ⲉⲩⲙⲉⲉⲩⲉ ϫⲉ ⲉϥⲛⲁⲙⲟⲩ ⁖ⲙⲛ︦ⲛ︦ⲥⲁ Ⲟⲩⲕⲟⲩⲓ ⲇⲉ ϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲩⲛⲟⲩ ⲉⲧ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲩ | ⲁ ⲡⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ ⲙ̄ ⲡϫⲥ̄ ⲟⲩⲱⲛϩ̄ ⲛⲁϥ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ\nϯⲣⲏⲛⲏ ⲛⲁⲕ ⲡϣⲟⲉⲓϫ ⲛ̄ ⲣⲉϥϫⲣⲟ • ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣ ϥ̄ϫⲉ ⲡⲁⲓ ⲇⲉ\nⲁϥⲧⲁⲗϭⲉ ⲛϥ̄ⲥⲁϣ ⲉⲧ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϥⲥⲱⲙⲁ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁϥⲧⲁϩⲟϥ\nⲉ ⲣⲁⲧϥ̄ ⲉϥⲟⲩⲟϫ ϩⲱⲥ ⲧⲉ ⲛϥ̄ⲧⲱⲟⲩⲛ • ⲛϥ̄ⲁϩⲉ ⲣⲁⲧϥ̄\nⲛϥ̄ϯ ⲉⲟⲟⲩ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧ ⲁϥⲃⲟⲏⲑⲉⲓ ⲉ ⲣⲟϥ ⁖-ⲙⲛ︦ⲛ︦Ⲥⲁ ⲛⲁⲓ ⲁϥⲕⲉⲗⲉⲩⲉ ⲉ ⲧⲣ ⲉⲩⲧⲁϩⲟϥ ⲉ ⲣⲁⲧϥ̄ ⲉ ⲡⲃⲏⲙⲁ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣ ⲉϥⲛⲁⲩ ⲉ ⲣⲟϥ ⲛ̄ϭⲓ ⲡⲣ̄ⲣⲟ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ\nⲁⲩϥⲓⲧⲕ̄ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲓ ⲧⲟⲟⲧ ⲉⲕⲟ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲁϣ ⲙⲟⲩ ⲛ̄ ⲁϣ ⲛ̄ ϩⲉ\nⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩ ⲉⲕⲙⲟⲟϣⲉ ⲙⲉϣⲁⲕ ⲣⲱ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲗⲁⲁⲩ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲱⲗϩ̄ ϩⲓ\nⲡⲉⲕⲥⲱⲙⲁ • ⲧⲟⲧⲉ Ⲁϥⲕⲉⲗⲉⲩⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲃⲁⲓ ⲙⲉⲣⲉϩ ⲉ ⲧⲁϩⲉ\nⲣⲁⲧⲟⲩ ⲉ ⲧⲣ ⲉⲩⲙⲟⲩϣⲧ̄ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϥⲥⲱⲙⲁ • ⲛⲁⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲡⲉϫⲁⲩ\nⲙ̄ ⲡⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ ϫⲉ ϣⲉ ⲡⲉⲕⲣⲁⲧⲟⲥ • ⲱ̄ ⲡⲣ̄ⲣⲟ ⲛ̄ ⲉⲩⲥⲉⲃⲏⲥ • ⲡⲉϥⲥⲱⲙⲁ ⲧⲏⲣϥ̄ • ⲟⲩⲟϫ ⲉ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲗⲁⲁⲩ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲁⲕⲟ ϩⲓⲱⲱϥ\nⲛ̄ⲑⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲁ ⲙ̄ⲡ ⲟⲩϫⲱϩ ⲉ ⲣⲟϥ ⲉ ⲡⲧⲏⲣϥ̄ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲩⲧⲏⲃⲉ ⁖-ⲇⲉⲕⲓⲟⲥ ⲇⲉ | ϩⲱⲱϥ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲡⲁⲛⲧⲱⲥ ϥⲛⲁϫⲟⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲡⲉⲭⲥ̄ ⲡⲉⲛⲧ ⲁϥⲧⲟⲩϫⲟⲓ̄ ⲁϥⲧⲁⲗϭⲟⲓ • ⲙⲏ\nⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϫⲓ ⲥⲁⲉⲓⲛ ⲉϩⲟⲩⲛ ⲉ ⲡⲉϣⲧⲉⲕⲟ ⲉ ⲧⲣ ⲉϥⲑⲉⲣⲁⲡⲉⲩⲉ\nⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ •","english":"The saint then lifted up his face with great steadfastness in this great torture. Decius then commanded that he be taken outside so that he would not die quickly, and that he be chosen to be brought into a dark place and that his mouth be bound quickly. The soldiers then lifted him up under his face, as he was near death, with a little breath left in him, thinking that he would die. After a little while, at that very moment, the angel of the Lord appeared to him and said to him, \"Peace to you, O victorious athlete.\" When he said this, he healed the wounds that were on his body and set him on his feet, as if he had never risen, stood up, and gave glory to God because he had helped him. After these things, he commanded that he be set before the tribunal. And when the king saw him, he said to him, \"You were taken out from under my hand as if near death; how is it that now you walk, and there is no wound on your body?\" Then he commanded the executioners to stand and to mock his body. They said to the king, \"Your power, O pious king, his entire body is whole, and there is no destruction upon it, as if no one had touched it at all, not even their finger.\" Decius himself said, \"Certainly he will say that Christ is the one who saved me and healed me. Did you not bring in a physician to treat him?","structure":"dialogue","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The angel of the Lord appears as a divine healer, consistent with the term's use for a supernatural messenger in this corpus.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲥⲱⲙⲁ","severity":"info","text":"ⲥⲱⲙⲁ refers to the saint's body, which is healed and later mocked; after death it would denote the corpse, but here it is the living body as a site of torture and restoration.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ","severity":"info","text":"ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ with the definite article names God, whom the saint thanks for healing.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"external","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The king's command to take the saint outside to prevent a quick death reflects a common hagiographic trope: prolonging torture to maximize suffering and public spectacle.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage is a dialogue unit, marked by the king's direct speech and the saint's reported response, with narrative framing of healing and interrogation.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic phrase ⲁⲩϥⲓⲧⲕ̄ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲓ ⲧⲟⲟⲧ is ambiguous: it may mean 'taken out from under my hand' (i.e., from the king's power) or 'taken out by my hand' (i.e., by the king's order). The English draft adopts the former.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase ⲁⲩϥⲓⲧⲕ̄ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲓ ⲧⲟⲟⲧ could be read as 'taken out from under my hand' (the king's power) or 'taken out by my hand' (the king's order); the English draft chooses the former.","The saint's healing is described as instantaneous, but the Coptic does not specify whether the angel's touch or words effect the cure; the narrative implies both."],"confidence":"high","notes":[{"kind":"structure","severity":"info","label":"dialogue","text":"Classified as dialogue from the Coptic cues."},{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ","text":"ⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ → “holy”. Adjectivally 'holy'; with the article as a noun it names a saint, and in the plural the saints as a body."},{"kind":"homonym","severity":"caution","term":"ⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ","text":"ⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ carries more than one sense (saint); this passage takes it as “holy”. The choice is the translator's, not a lexical given."}]},{"i":16,"ref":"p16","source":"ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲟⲩ ⲇⲉ ⲡⲉϫⲁⲩ Ϫⲉ ϣⲉ ⲧⲉⲕⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲛⲟϭ ⲉⲧ\nⲧⲁⲓⲏⲩ ⲉⲧ ⲁⲙⲁϩⲧⲉ ⲉϫⲛ̄ ⲧⲟⲓⲕⲟⲩⲙⲉⲛⲏ ⲧⲏⲣⲥ̄ • ⲙ̄ⲡⲉ\nⲗⲁⲁⲩ ⲑⲉⲣⲁⲡⲉⲩⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ • ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ⲛⲛ̄ⲙⲉⲉⲩⲉ ϫⲉ ϥⲛⲁⲙⲟⲩ ⲡⲉ • ⲛ̄ ⲁϣ ⲛ̄ ϩⲉ ⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩ ϥⲟⲛϩ̄ ⲏ̄ ⲛⲧⲁϥⲗⲟ ⲛ̄ ⲁϣ ⲛ̄\nϩⲉ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲛ̄ ⲥⲟⲟⲩⲛ ⲁⲛ • ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲁⲩ ϫⲉ ⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲥⲟⲟⲩⲛ\nϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲁϣ ⲛ̄ ϭⲟⲧ • ⲧⲉ ⲧⲙⲁⲅⲓⲁ • ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲭⲣⲓⲥϯⲁⲛⲟⲥ • ⲁⲩⲱ\nⲛ̄ ⲁϣ ⲛ̄ ϩⲉ ⲥⲁϥ ⲙⲉⲛ ⲁϥⲣ̄ⲕⲱⲱⲥ • ⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲟⲩ ϩⲱⲱϥ ϥⲁϩⲉ\nⲣⲁⲧϥ̄ Ⲁϥⲟⲩⲟϫ • Ⲁϥⲙⲟⲩϩ ⲇⲉ Ⲛ̄ ϭⲱⲛⲧ̄ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ\nⲁϫⲓⲥ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲓ ϩⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲙⲉ • ϫⲉ ⲛⲓⲙ ⲡⲉⲛⲧ ⲁϥⲧⲁⲗϭⲟⲕ ⲭⲱⲣⲓⲥ ⲙⲁⲅⲓⲁ • Ⲁϥⲟⲩⲱϣⲃ̄ ⲛ̄ϭⲓ ⲫⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲙⲉⲣⲕⲟⲩⲣⲓⲟⲥ ϫⲉ\nⲡⲁ ϫⲥ̄ ⲓⲥ̄ ⲡⲉⲭⲥ̄ ⲡⲥⲁⲉⲓⲛ ⲙ̄ ⲙⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲛⲯⲩ|ⲭⲏ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲛⲥⲱⲙⲁ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲟϥ ⲡⲉⲧ ⲟⲩⲱϣ ⲉ ⲭⲁⲣⲓⲍⲉ ⲛⲁⲓ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲧⲁⲗϭⲟ • ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲑⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧ ⲁⲓϫⲟⲟⲥ • ⲙ̄ ⲫⲁⲣⲙⲁⲅⲟⲥ ⲇⲉ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲣⲉϥⲙⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ ⲣⲉϥϣⲙ̄ϣⲉ ⲉⲓⲇⲟⲗⲟⲛ ⲥⲉⲟ ⲛ̄ ϣⲉⲙⲙⲟ ⲉ\nⲣⲟϥ • ⲁⲩⲱ ϥⲛⲁⲙⲁⲣⲟⲩ ⲛ̄ ϩⲉⲛⲙⲣ̄ⲣⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲁⲧ ⲃⲱⲗ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ⲛϥ̄ⲡⲁⲣⲁⲇⲓⲇⲟⲩ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲟⲩ ⲉ ⲡⲕⲱϩⲧ̄ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲅⲉϩⲉⲛⲛⲁ • ⲉ ⲧⲃⲉ\nϫⲉ ⲙ̄ⲡ ⲟⲩⲥⲟⲩⲛ ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲙⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥⲧⲁⲙⲓⲟⲟⲩ • ⲡⲉϫⲉ\nⲡⲣ̄ⲣⲟ ϫⲉ ϯⲛⲁⲁⲛϩⲁⲗⲓⲥϭⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲕⲥⲱⲙⲁ ϩⲛ̄ ϩⲉⲛⲃⲁⲥⲁⲛⲟⲥ ⲉⲩⲛⲁϣⲧ̄ ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲓⲛⲁⲩ ϫⲉ ⲡⲉⲭⲥ̄ ⲉⲧ ⲉⲕⲛⲁϩⲧⲉ\nⲉ ⲣⲟϥ • ⲛⲁⲧⲁⲗϭⲟⲕ ⁖-Ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛ̄ϭⲓ ⲫⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ϯⲡⲓⲥⲧⲉⲩⲉ ⲉ ⲡⲁ ϫⲥ̄ ⲓⲥ̄ ⲡⲉⲭⲥ̄ • ϫⲉ ⲉⲕϣⲁⲛⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲙⲏⲏϣⲉ ⲛ̄\nϯⲙⲱⲣⲓⲁ • ⲉ ϫⲱⲓ • ⲛⲅ̄ ⲛⲁϣϣⲧⲣ̄ⲧⲱⲣⲧ̄ ⲁⲛ • ⲁϥϫⲟⲟⲥ","english":"They said, \"Your greatness, which is honored, has taken hold of the whole world. No one can heal him. But they think that he will die. In what way is he now alive, or in what way has he been released? We do not know.\" He said to them, \"Do you not know what a great power the magic of the Christians is? And in what way has he been healed? For he has become strong. Today he himself stands on his feet. He has recovered.\" He was filled with anger and said to him, \"Tell me truly, who healed you without magic?\" The holy Mercurius answered, \"My Lord Jesus Christ, the true physician of our souls and our bodies, is the one who wishes to grant me healing, as I have said. As for the magician, the sorcerers, and the idolaters, they are strangers to him, and he will bind them with unbreakable fetters and deliver them to the fire of Gehenna, because they did not know the true God who created them.\" The king said, \"I will torture your body with severe torments, so that I may see whether the Christ in whom you trust will heal you.\" The saint said, \"I believe in my Lord Jesus Christ. Even if you bring a multitude of tortures upon me, you will not disturb me.\" He said.","structure":"dialogue","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ","severity":"info","text":"The definite article ⲡ- marks ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ as 'God' in the Christian sense, contrasting with the 'true God' who created the magicians and idolaters.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲙⲁⲅⲓⲁ","severity":"info","text":"ⲙⲁⲅⲓⲁ (magic) is used pejoratively by the king to accuse Christians of sorcery, but the saint redefines it as the power of Christ, contrasting with ⲫⲁⲣⲙⲁⲅⲟⲥ (magician) and ⲣⲉϥϣⲙ̄ϣⲉ ⲉⲓⲇⲟⲗⲟⲛ (idolater).","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲧⲅⲉϩⲉⲛⲛⲁ","severity":"info","text":"ⲧⲅⲉϩⲉⲛⲛⲁ (Gehenna) echoes New Testament usage (e.g., Matt 5:22, 18:9) for the place of punishment, here linked to fire for idolaters.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲥⲁⲉⲓⲛ ⲙ̄ ⲙⲉ","severity":"info","text":"The title 'true physician' (ⲡⲥⲁⲉⲓⲛ ⲙ̄ ⲙⲉ) for Christ is a common hagiographic motif, emphasizing spiritual healing over physical medicine, and contrasts with the king's reliance on magic.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This dialogue passage alternates between the king's accusations and the saint's responses, building tension toward the king's threat of torture and the saint's declaration of faith.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁϥⲣ̄ⲕⲱⲱⲥ","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic ⲁϥⲣ̄ⲕⲱⲱⲥ (he became strong) is ambiguous: it could mean physical recovery or spiritual fortitude. The English draft takes it as physical, but the context of healing after torture supports both.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase ⲁϥⲣ̄ⲕⲱⲱⲥ may indicate either physical recovery or spiritual strength; the reading taken is physical healing.","The identity of 'they' in the opening line is unclear—possibly soldiers or courtiers."],"confidence":"high","notes":[{"kind":"structure","severity":"info","label":"dialogue","text":"Classified as dialogue from the Coptic cues."}]},{"i":17,"ref":"p17","source":"ⲅⲁⲣ ϫⲉ ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ ⲣ̄ ϩⲟⲧⲉ ϩⲏⲧⲟⲩ • ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲧ ⲛⲁⲙⲟⲩⲟⲩⲧ ⲙ̄\nⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲥⲱⲙⲁ • ⲉⲙⲛ̄ϭⲟⲙ ⲇⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲟⲩ ⲉ | ⲙⲟⲩⲟⲩⲧ ⲛ̄\nⲛⲉⲧⲙ̄ⲯⲩⲭⲏ • ⲁⲗⲗⲁ Ⲁⲣⲓ ϩⲟⲧⲉ ϩⲏⲧϥ̄ ⲛ̄ ϩⲟⲩⲟ ⲙ̄\nⲡⲉⲧⲉ ⲟⲩⲛ̄ ϭⲟⲙ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ ⲉ ⲧⲁⲕⲟ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲧⲙ̄ⲯⲩⲭⲏ\nⲙⲛ̄ ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲥⲱⲙⲁ ϩⲣⲁⲓ ϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲅⲉϩⲉⲛⲛⲁ ⲛ̄ ⲥⲁⲧⲉ ⁘ ⁘ Ⲧⲟⲧⲉ ⲁϥⲕⲉⲗⲉⲩⲉ ⲛ̄ϭⲓ ⲡⲣ̄ⲣⲟ ⲉ ⲧⲣ ⲉⲩⲉⲓⲛⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲡⲉⲛⲓⲡⲉ\nⲉϥⲗⲟⲃϣ̄ ⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲕⲁⲁϥ ϩⲁ ⲛⲉϥⲁⲛⲁⲅⲕⲁⲓⲟⲛ • Ⲁⲩⲱ ⲙⲛ︦ⲛ︦ⲥⲁ\nⲛⲁⲓ ϩⲉⲛⲗⲁⲙⲡⲁⲥ ⲛ̄ ⲕⲱϩⲧ̄ ϩⲁ ⲛⲉϥⲥⲡⲓ̄ⲣⲟⲟⲩⲉ ⁖-Ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣ\nⲟⲩⲣ̄ ⲡⲁⲓ ⲇⲉ • ⲉ ⲡⲙⲁ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲕⲁⲡⲛⲟⲥ ⲁⲩⲛⲟϭ ⲛ̄ ⲥϯ ⲛⲟⲩϥⲉ\nϣⲱϣ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ⲉ ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲛⲓⲙ ⲉⲧ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲙⲁ ⲉⲧ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲩ • ⲉⲩⲃⲁⲥⲁⲛⲓⲍⲉ ⲇⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ ⲉ ⲡⲉϩⲟⲩⲟ ⲙ̄ⲡ ϥⲁϣⲁϩⲟⲙ\nⲟⲩⲇⲉ ⲙ̄ⲡ ⲉϥⲣⲓⲙⲉ • ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲁϥ ⲛ̄ϭⲓ ⲇⲉⲕⲓⲟⲥ • ϫⲉ ⲉϥⲧⲱⲛ ⲡⲉⲕⲥⲁⲉⲓⲛ ⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩ • ⲙⲁⲣⲉϥⲉⲓ ⲛϥ̄ⲑⲉⲣⲁⲡⲉⲩⲉ\nⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲕ • ⲕⲁⲓ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲁⲕϫⲟⲟⲥ ⲛⲉ ⲟⲩⲛ̄ ϣϭⲟⲙ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ\nⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲟⲥⲧ̄ ⲉⲓϣⲁⲛⲙⲟⲩ • ⲫⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲇⲉ ⲙⲉⲣⲕⲟⲩⲣⲓⲟⲥ • ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲁⲣⲓ̈ ⲡⲉⲧ | ⲉϩⲛⲁⲕ ⲟⲩⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕ ⲉⲝⲟⲩⲥⲓⲁ ⲉ\nϩⲟⲩⲛ ⲉ ⲡⲁ ⲥⲱⲙⲁ • ⲧⲁ ⲯⲩⲭⲏ ⲇⲉ ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲡⲉⲧⲟ ⲙ̄\nⲡⲉⲥϫⲥ̄ • ⲡⲁ ⲥⲱⲙⲁ ⲙⲉⲛ Ⲕⲁⲛ ⲉⲕϣⲁⲛⲧⲁⲕⲟϥ • ⲧⲁ ⲯⲩⲭⲏ\nⲛⲁⲙⲁⲟⲩⲛ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ⲉⲥⲟ ⲛ̄ ⲁⲧ ⲧⲁⲕⲟ ⁘ Ⲡⲁⲗⲓⲛ ⲟⲛ ⲁϥⲕⲉⲗⲉⲩⲉ ⲛ̄ϭⲓ ⲡⲣ̄ⲣⲟ ⲉ ⲧⲣ ⲉⲩⲁϣⲧϥ̄ ⲛ̄ⲥⲁ ϫⲱϥ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛ̄ⲥⲉ\nⲉⲓϣⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲛⲟϭ ⲛ̄ ⲱⲛⲉ ⲉ ⲡⲉϥⲙⲁⲕϩ̄ ϫⲉ ⲕⲁⲥ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡ\nⲧⲣⲉ ϥⲱⲧϭ̄ (sic) ⲉϥⲉⲙⲟⲩ ϩⲛ̄ ⲟⲩϭⲉⲡⲉ • ⲡⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩⲣⲟⲥ ⲇⲉ\nⲁ ⲧϭⲟⲙ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲟⲩⲱϩ ⲛ̄ϩⲏⲧϥ̄ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲧⲉϥⲭⲁⲣⲓⲥ • ⲁϥⲙⲟⲩⲛ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲛⲟϭ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲁⲩ ϩⲛ̄ ϯⲃⲁⲥⲁⲛⲟⲥ ⲧⲁⲓ̈ • Ⲇⲉⲕⲓⲟⲥ ⲇⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣ ⲉϥⲛⲁⲩ ⲉ ⲡⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩⲣⲟⲥ • ϫⲉ ϥϥⲓ ϩⲁ\nⲛ̄ ϯⲙⲱⲣⲓⲁ • ϩⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲙⲛ︤ⲧ︥ϫⲱⲱⲣⲉ •","english":"...for do not fear those who can kill your body, for they have no power to kill your soul. But rather fear the one who has the power to destroy both your soul and your body in the gehenna of fire. Then the king commanded that they bring a pan, heated, and place it under his genitals. And after these things, lamps of fire under his ribs. When they did this, the place became full of a great stench of smoke bursting forth, so that everyone who was there was troubled. They tortured him exceedingly, but he did not groan, nor did he weep. Decius said to him, \"Where is your physician now? Let him come and heal you. For you said that he has the power to raise the dead.\" The holy Mercurius said to him, \"Do what you wish. You have authority over my body. But my soul—God is its master. My body, even if you destroy it, my soul will go forth indestructible.\" Again the king commanded that they hang him by his hair and throw a great stone upon his chest, so that by being crushed he might die quickly. But the martyr, the power of God and his grace dwelling within him, endured for a long time in this torture. Decius, when he saw the martyr bearing these torments with such fortitude...","structure":"dialogue","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲯⲩⲭⲏ","severity":"info","text":"Here ⲯⲩⲭⲏ is rendered 'soul' in the hagiographical sense, as the immortal part contrasted with the destructible body. The Coptic text explicitly distinguishes it from the body (ⲥⲱⲙⲁ) and affirms its indestructibility.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲥⲱⲙⲁ","severity":"info","text":"ⲥⲱⲙⲁ is used in the martyrdom context to denote the physical body as the site of torture, which the persecutor can destroy but which the martyr surrenders without fear.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩⲣⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"ⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩⲣⲟⲥ is used in the hagiographical sense of 'martyr', referring to Mercurius, who endures torture with divine power and grace dwelling within him.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲅⲉϩⲉⲛⲛⲁ ⲛ̄ ⲥⲁⲧⲉ","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'gehenna of fire' (ⲅⲉϩⲉⲛⲛⲁ ⲛ̄ ⲥⲁⲧⲉ) echoes New Testament imagery of eternal punishment (e.g., Matt 5:22, 18:9; 2 Pet 2:6), reinforcing the contrast between temporal and eternal destruction.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲉⲛⲓⲡⲉ","severity":"info","text":"The torture with a heated pan (ⲡⲉⲛⲓⲡⲉ) under the genitals and lamps of fire under the ribs reflects standard Roman judicial cruelty in hagiography, intended to break the martyr's resolve.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage is a dialogue between Decius and Mercurius, framed by the king's commands and the martyr's responses. The structure alternates between torture and theological assertion, culminating in Mercurius's declaration of the soul's indestructibility.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The Coptic text has a scribal error: ⲉϥⲉⲙⲟⲩ (for ⲉϥⲉⲙⲟⲩ) is likely a misspelling of ⲉϥⲉⲙⲟⲩ 'he will die'. The reading 'die quickly' is adopted.","The phrase ⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲕⲁⲁϥ ϩⲁ ⲛⲉϥⲁⲛⲁⲅⲕⲁⲓⲟⲛ: ⲁⲛⲁⲅⲕⲁⲓⲟⲛ is a Greek loanword (ἀναγκαῖα) meaning 'necessities' or 'private parts'; the translation 'genitals' is contextually appropriate but not certain."],"confidence":"high","notes":[{"kind":"structure","severity":"info","label":"dialogue","text":"Classified as dialogue from the Coptic cues."},{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲯⲩⲭⲏ","text":"ⲯⲩⲭⲏ → “soul”. Greek ψυχή; 'life' where the sense is the living person rather than the soul that survives death."},{"kind":"homonym","severity":"caution","term":"ⲯⲩⲭⲏ","text":"ⲯⲩⲭⲏ carries more than one sense (life); this passage takes it as “soul”. The choice is the translator's, not a lexical given."}]},{"i":18,"ref":"p18","source":"ⲁⲩⲱ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉ ⲗⲁⲁⲩ\nⲛ̄ⲃⲁⲥⲁⲛⲟⲥ ϫⲱϩ ⲉ ⲣⲟϥ ⲁϥⲕⲉⲗⲉⲩⲉ ⲉ ⲧⲣ ⲉⲩϥⲓ ⲡⲱⲛⲉ\nⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲩ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲓ̈ ⲡⲉϥⲙⲁⲕϥ̄ ⲛ̄ⲥⲉ ⲉⲓⲛⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲙⲁⲥϯⲅⲝ̄\nⲛ̄ ⲕⲱⲃϩ̄ ⲉⲥⲟ ⲛ̄ϥⲧⲟⲟⲩ ⲛ̄ϣⲗⲟⲡ • ⲛ̄ⲥⲉϩⲓⲟⲩⲉ ⲉ ⲣⲟϥ\nϣⲁⲧⲉ ⲡⲕⲁϩ • ϩⲱⲣⲡ̄ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϥⲥⲛⲟϥ • ⲡⲓ ⲅⲉⲛⲛⲁⲓⲟⲥ ⲇⲉ\nⲚⲉϥⲟ ⲛ̄ⲑⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲱⲛⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲁⲇⲁⲙⲁⲥ • ⲁϥⲧⲱⲟⲩⲛ ϩⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ϫⲱⲱ|ⲣⲉ ϩⲁ ⲧⲉⲓ ⲃⲁⲥⲁⲛⲟⲥ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ϫⲉ\nⲦⲉⲩⲭⲁⲣⲓⲥⲧⲟⲩ ⲛⲁⲕ ⲡ[ⲁ]ϫⲥ̄ ϫⲉ ⲁⲕⲁⲁⲧ ⲛ̄ ⲙ̄ⲡϣⲁ • ⲛ̄\nϣⲡ̄ ϩⲓⲥⲉ ⲉϫⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲕⲣⲁⲛ ⲉⲧ ⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ • ⲡⲣ̄ⲣⲟ ⲇⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣ","english":"...and no torture touched him. He commanded that they take a stone from there and place it on his neck, and bring a red-hot iron, four palms long, and thrust it into him down to the ground, drenched in his blood. But the noble one was like a stone of adamant; he arose with a strength under this torture, and said, \"I give thanks to you, my Lord, for you have made me worthy to suffer for your holy name.\" The king then...","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁⲇⲁⲙⲁⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Greek loanword ⲁⲇⲁⲙⲁⲥ (adamas) means 'adamant' or 'diamond,' a proverbial symbol of unbreakable hardness. The comparison likens the martyr's endurance to an indestructible substance, a common hagiographic trope.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲙⲁⲥϯⲅⲝ̄","severity":"info","text":"ⲙⲁⲥϯⲅⲝ̄ (mastigx) is a Greek loanword meaning 'whip' or 'scourge,' but here it refers to a red-hot iron rod (ⲕⲱⲃϩ̄) used as a torture implement. The term is rare in Coptic hagiography and may reflect a specific instrument.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲧⲉⲩⲭⲁⲣⲓⲥⲧⲟⲩ ⲛⲁⲕ","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'I give thanks to you, my Lord' echoes the Eucharistic thanksgiving (εὐχαριστία) and may allude to Psalm 118 or Pauline passages on suffering (e.g., Rom 8:18). The martyr's gratitude reframes torture as a divine gift.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲱⲛⲉ","severity":"info","text":"Placing a stone on the neck (ⲡⲱⲛⲉ) was a known Roman torture method, possibly intended to crush or weigh down the victim. The detail 'four palms long' (ⲛ̄ϥⲧⲟⲟⲩ ⲛ̄ϣⲗⲟⲡ) for the iron rod suggests a standardized instrument, though no parallel is attested in other Coptic martyrdoms.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage forms a narrative climax: the failure of torture (ⲁⲩⲱ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉ ⲗⲁⲁⲩ ⲛ̄ⲃⲁⲥⲁⲛⲟⲥ ϫⲱϩ ⲉⲣⲟϥ) is followed by the king's escalated command, then the martyr's miraculous resilience and thanksgiving. The pattern of 'torture → endurance → doxology' is typical of Coptic martyrdom accounts.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲓ ⲅⲉⲛⲛⲁⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic ⲡⲓ ⲅⲉⲛⲛⲁⲓⲟⲥ (the noble one) is ambiguous: it could refer to Mercurius or to a generic 'noble one.' The English draft takes it as Mercurius, but the Coptic lacks an explicit antecedent, leaving open a possible scribal ellipsis.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The subject of ⲁϥⲧⲱⲟⲩⲛ (he arose) is not explicitly named; the context suggests Mercurius, but the phrase ⲡⲓ ⲅⲉⲛⲛⲁⲓⲟⲥ could be a title or a separate character.","The phrase ⲛ̄ⲥⲉϩⲓⲟⲩⲉ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ϣⲁⲧⲉ ⲡⲕⲁϩ (thrust it into him down to the ground) may imply the iron rod was driven through the body into the earth, but the exact anatomical target is unclear."],"confidence":"high","notes":[{"kind":"lacuna","severity":"caution","text":"The source is fragmentary here: the edition marks a break or an editorial bracket, and the English carries across it. Treat the bridge as supplied, not translated."}]},{"i":19,"ref":"p19","source":"ⲉϥⲛⲁⲩ Ϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲁⲧⲡⲱⲱⲛⲉ ⲡⲉ ⲡⲉϥⲗⲟⲅⲓⲥⲙⲟⲥ ⲁⲩⲱ ϫⲉ\nⲉϥⲛⲁⲉϣⲡⲓⲑⲉ ⲁⲛ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ ⲉ ⲧⲣ ⲉϥⲑⲩⲥⲓⲁⲍⲉ • ⲁϥϫⲓϣⲟϫⲛⲉ ⲛⲉϥϭⲉⲡⲏ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲉ ⲃⲱⲕ ⲡⲉ ⲉ ϩⲟⲩⲛ ⲉ ϩⲣⲱⲙⲏ :\nⲁϥϯ ⲁⲡⲟⲫⲁⲥⲓⲥ ⲉ ⲣⲟϥ ⲉ ⲧⲣ ⲉⲩϯⲙⲱⲣⲉⲓ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ ϩⲛ̄\nⲧⲥⲏϥⲉ ⲉϥϫⲱ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲥ • ϫⲉ Ⲙⲉⲣⲕⲟⲩⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲡⲁⲓ ⲛ̄ⲧ ⲁϥⲥⲱϣ ⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁϥⲕⲁⲧⲁⲫⲣⲟⲛⲉⲓ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲇⲟⲅⲙⲁ\nⲉⲧ ⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲉ ⲧⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲣⲙ̄ⲣⲁϣ • ⲉ ⲁϥⲟⲡϥ̄ ⲉⲩⲗⲁⲁⲩ\nⲡⲉⲛⲕⲣⲁⲧⲟⲥ ⲕⲉⲗⲉⲩⲉ ⲉ ⲧⲣ ⲉⲩϥⲓ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉϥⲁⲡⲉ ϩⲛ̄\nⲧⲉⲭⲱⲣⲁ • ⲛ̄ ⲧⲕⲁⲡⲡⲁⲇⲟⲕⲓⲁ • ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲓⲙⲁ ⲉⲧ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲩ • ⲉⲣⲉ ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲛⲓⲙ ⲛⲁⲩ ⲉ ⲣⲟϥ • Ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲛⲓⲙ ⲛ̄ⲧ\nⲁⲩϫⲓ ⲉⲟⲟⲩ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲓⲧⲙ̄ ⲡⲣ̄ⲣⲟ ⲉⲩϣⲁⲛⲁⲛϯⲗⲉⲅⲉ ⲉ ⲧⲃⲉ\nⲡⲉϥⲟⲩⲉϩⲥⲁϩⲛⲉ • ⲥⲉⲛⲁϯ ⲛⲁϥ ⲛ̄ ϩⲉⲛⲥⲏϣⲉ • ⲉ ⲡϩⲁⲏ\nⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲡⲁⲣⲁⲇⲓⲇⲟⲩ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ • ⲉ ⲧⲟⲟⲧⲥ̄ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲥⲏϥⲉ :-ⲛⲉ ⲛⲧ\nⲁⲩⲧⲟϣⲟⲩ ⲇⲉ ⲉ ⲧⲣ ⲉⲩϥⲓⲧϥ̄ • ⲁⲩϥⲓ ϩⲁ ⲣⲟϥ • ⲁⲩⲱ\nⲁⲩⲧⲁⲗⲟϥ ⲉⲩⲧⲃ̄ⲛⲏ | ⲁⲩⲙⲟⲣϥ̄ ⲉ ϩⲣⲁⲓ ⲉ ϫⲱϥ • ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ\nϫⲉ ⲁ ⲡⲥⲱⲙⲁ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩⲣⲟⲥ ⲃⲱⲗ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ⲛ̄ ⲥⲁ ⲥⲁ\nⲛⲓⲙ • ⲁϥⲣ̄ ⲑⲉ ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲓⲕⲱⲱⲥ • Ⲁⲩⲙⲟⲟϣⲉ ⲇⲉ ϩⲛ̄ ⲟⲩϩⲓⲏ\nⲉⲥⲟⲩⲏⲏⲩ • ⲁⲩⲱ ϩⲓⲧⲛ̄ ϩⲉⲛⲕⲟⲩⲓ ⲛ̄ ϩⲟⲟⲩ ⲁⲩⲧⲁϩⲉ\nⲧⲡⲟⲗⲓⲥ ⲧⲕⲁⲓⲥⲁⲣⲓⲁ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲓ ϩⲉ ⲁⲩⲟⲩⲁϩϥ̄ ⲉ ⲡⲉⲥⲏⲧ\nⲕⲟⲩⲓ ⲕⲟⲩⲓ • Ⲡϫⲥ̄ ⲇⲉ ⲁϥⲁϩⲉ ⲣⲁⲧϥ̄ ϩⲓ ϫⲱϥ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ\nⲛⲁϥ • ϫⲉ ⲙⲉⲣⲕⲟⲩⲣⲓⲉ • ⲁⲙⲟⲩ ⲛⲅ̄ ⲙ̄ⲧⲟⲛ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲕ\nϩⲁ ϩⲧⲏⲓ • ⲉⲡⲉⲓ ⲇⲏ ⲁⲕϫⲉⲕ ⲡⲉⲕⲇⲣⲟⲙⲟⲥ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ⲁⲕϩⲁⲣⲉϩ ⲉ ⲧⲡⲓⲥϯⲥ • ϫⲓ ⲛⲁⲕ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲕⲗⲟⲙ • ⲛ̄ ⲧⲙⲛ︤ⲧ︥ϣⲟⲉⲓϫ ⲡⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧ ⲁⲩⲧⲟϣϥ̄ ⲛⲁⲕ ⲉ ⲕⲗⲏⲣⲟⲛⲟⲙⲉⲓ̄\nⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ • ⲡⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩⲣⲟⲥ ⲇⲉ ϩⲙ̄ Ⲡⲧⲣⲉ ⲡϫⲥ̄ ⲟⲩⲱⲛϩ̄\nⲉ ⲣⲟϥ ⲁϥϭⲙ̄ϭⲟⲙ • ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲧ ϩⲁ ϩⲧⲏϥ • ϫⲉ\nⲁⲣⲓ ⲡⲉⲛ̄ⲧ ⲁⲩⲟⲩⲉϩⲥⲁϩⲛⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ • ⲛⲏⲧⲛ̄ ϩⲛ̄ ⲟⲩϭⲉⲡⲏ •","english":"...and he saw that his reasoning was unshakable, and that he would not be persuaded to sacrifice. He took counsel with his nobles, for he was about to go to Rome. He pronounced a sentence against him, that they should torture him with the sword, saying, \"Mercurius, this one who blasphemed the gods and despised the sacred decree of the emperors, because he submitted to no one, our sovereign commands that his head be cut off in the country of Cappadocia, in that place, so that everyone may see him. For all who have been honored by the king, if they transgress his command, they will be given lashes, and finally they will be handed over to the sword.\" Those who were appointed to carry him carried him, and they lifted him onto a beast, and bound him upon it, because the body of the martyr was falling apart on all sides. He became like a corpse. They traveled on a long road, and after a few days they reached the city of Caesarea, and in this way they lowered him little by little. But the Lord stood over him and said to him, \"Mercurius, come, rest yourself with me, for you have completed your course, you have kept the faith. Take for yourself your crown of martyrdom, which was appointed for you to inherit.\" The martyr, when the Lord appeared to him, took courage. He said to those who were with him, \"Do what was commanded to you quickly.","structure":"dialogue","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩⲣⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The term ⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩⲣⲟⲥ (martyr) appears in the Coptic as ⲡⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩⲣⲟⲥ, referring to Mercurius. In hagiography, it denotes one who bears witness through death, distinct from the older forensic sense of 'witness'.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲥⲱⲙⲁ","severity":"info","text":"ⲥⲱⲙⲁ (body) here refers to the martyr's corpse, as the text notes it was falling apart. In martyrdom accounts, ⲥⲱⲙⲁ after death is the corpse, contrasting with ascetic usage where it is the site of struggle.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"background","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The sentence to beheading in Cappadocia and the journey to Caesarea reflect the historical context of Roman persecution. Cappadocia was a Roman province where executions of Christians occurred, and Caesarea (likely Caesarea Mazaca) was its capital.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage is classified as dialogue, containing the judge's sentence, the martyr's response, and the Lord's direct speech to Mercurius. The shift from narrative to direct speech marks a key structural element in hagiography.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲉⲕⲇⲣⲟⲙⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Lord's words 'you have completed your course' (ⲁⲕϫⲉⲕ ⲡⲉⲕⲇⲣⲟⲙⲟⲥ) echo 2 Timothy 4:7, where Paul speaks of finishing the race of faith. This scriptural allusion reinforces the martyr's athletic and spiritual victory.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic phrase ⲉϥⲛⲁⲉϣⲡⲓⲑⲉ ⲁⲛ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ is ambiguous: it could mean 'he would not be persuaded' (as in the English draft) or 'he would not persuade himself'. The reading taken follows the context of the judge's observation.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase ⲉϥⲛⲁⲉϣⲡⲓⲑⲉ ⲁⲛ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ may be read as passive or reflexive; the context supports the passive sense (he would not be persuaded).","The location ⲧⲕⲁⲓⲥⲁⲣⲓⲁ could refer to Caesarea Mazaca in Cappadocia or another Caesarea; the narrative context favors the Cappadocian city."],"confidence":"high","notes":[{"kind":"structure","severity":"info","label":"dialogue","text":"Classified as dialogue from the Coptic cues."}]},{"i":20,"ref":"p20","source":"ⲉⲣⲉ ⲡϫⲥ̄ ⲇⲉ ⲡⲁⲓ ⲉⲧ ⲧⲱϩⲙ̄ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲛⲓⲙ\nⲉ ϩⲟⲩⲛ ⲉ ⲧⲙⲉⲧⲁⲛⲟⲓⲁ • ⲉϥⲉⲧⲣⲉ ⲧⲉⲧⲛ︦ⲙ︦ⲡϣⲁ ⲛ̄\nⲧⲉϥⲭⲁⲣⲓⲥ • ⲟⲩⲣⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲟ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲡⲉ ⲁⲩⲱ ϣⲁϥⲭⲁⲣⲓⲍⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲧ ⲛⲁϯ ⲡⲉⲩⲟⲩⲟⲓ ⲉ ⲣⲟϥ | ϩⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲇⲱⲣⲉⲁ ⲁϫⲛ̄ ⲫⲑⲟⲛⲟⲥ :-ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣ ⲉϥϫⲉ ⲛⲁⲓ ⲁⲩϥⲓ ⲛ̄\nⲧⲉϥⲁⲡⲉ ⲁϥϫⲱⲕ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ⲛ̄ ⲑⲟⲙⲟⲗⲟⲅⲓⲁ ⲉⲧ ⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩⲥ\nⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲛⲥⲏ︦ⲣ︦ ⲛ̄ ⲥⲟⲩ • ϫⲟⲩⲧⲏ ⲙ ⲡⲉⲃⲟⲧ ⲛⲟⲉⲃⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲉⲧⲉ","english":"...and he saw that his reasoning was unshakable, and that he would not be persuaded to sacrifice. He took counsel with his nobles, for he was about to go to Rome. He pronounced a sentence against him, that they should\n\nBut the Lord, who opens the door of repentance to everyone, will make you worthy of his grace. For he is rich and bestows gifts upon those who turn their faces toward him, as a free gift without envy. And when he had said these things, they beheaded him. He completed the good confession of our Savior on the twenty-fifth of the month of Hathor, which is","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲧⲙⲉⲧⲁⲛⲟⲓⲁ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic word ⲧⲙⲉⲧⲁⲛⲟⲓⲁ (metanoia) is a loan from Greek μετάνοια, meaning repentance or change of heart. In Coptic hagiography, it often denotes the spiritual turning toward God, here framed as a door opened by Christ.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡϫⲥ̄ ⲡⲁⲓ ⲉⲧ ⲧⲱϩⲙ̄ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲛⲓⲙ ⲉ ϩⲟⲩⲛ ⲉ ⲧⲙⲉⲧⲁⲛⲟⲓⲁ","severity":"info","text":"The image of Christ opening the door of repentance to all echoes New Testament passages such as Luke 13:24–25 (the narrow door) and Matthew 9:28 (the call to repentance). The phrasing is a common hagiographic trope.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"dating","kind":"chronology","basis":"text","lemma":"ϫⲟⲩⲧⲏ ⲙ ⲡⲉⲃⲟⲧ ⲛⲟⲉⲃⲣⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The date given is the 25th of the month of Hathor (ⲛⲟⲉⲃⲣⲓⲟⲥ, i.e., November/December in the Coptic calendar). This corresponds to November 21 in the Julian calendar, a common feast day for Mercurius in Coptic tradition.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage marks the transition from the trial narrative to the martyrdom account. The beheading (ⲁⲩϥⲓ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉϥⲁⲡⲉ) concludes the judicial process, and the date formula signals the beginning of the commemorative notice.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲟⲩⲣⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲟ","severity":"info","text":"The description of Christ as a rich man (ⲟⲩⲣⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲟ) who bestows gifts without envy draws on the topos of divine generosity, contrasting with the earthly wealth of the persecutors. This motif is common in Coptic martyrdom accounts.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The Coptic phrase ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣ ⲉϥϫⲉ ⲛⲁⲓ is ambiguous: it may mean 'and when he had said these things' (as in the English draft) or 'and when he had done these things'. The context of beheading favors the former reading.","The name of the month ⲛⲟⲉⲃⲣⲓⲟⲥ is a variant spelling of Hathor; the exact day in the Julian calendar depends on the year, but the 25th of Hathor is standard."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":21,"ref":"p21","source":"ⲁⲑⲱⲣ̄ ⲡⲉ • Ⲁⲩⲛⲟϭ ⲇⲉ ⲛ̄ ϣⲡⲏⲣⲉ ϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲉⲥⲙ̄ⲡϣⲁ ⲛ̄\nⲣ̄ ⲡⲉⲥⲙⲉⲉⲩⲉ • ⲙⲛ︦ⲛ︦ⲥⲁ ⲧⲣⲉ ⲡⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩⲣⲟⲥ ϫⲱⲕ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ\nⲁ ⲡⲉϥⲥⲱⲙⲁ ⲟⲩⲃⲁϣ ⲛ̄ⲑⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲭⲓⲱⲛ ⲉϥϣⲉϣ ⲥϯ\nⲛⲟⲩϥⲉ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ⲛ̄ⲑⲉ ⲛ̄ ϩⲉⲛϣⲟⲩϩⲏⲛⲉ • ⲉⲩⲥⲟⲧⲡ̄ ⲙⲛ̄\nⲟⲩϭⲛ̄ⲛⲉ ⲉ ⲧⲃⲉ ⲡⲓ ⲙⲁⲉⲓⲛ ϭⲉ ⲡⲁⲓ̈ • Ⲁ ϩⲁϩ ⲛ̄ⲣⲱⲙⲉ ⲣ̄\nⲭⲣⲓⲥϯⲁⲛⲟⲥ ⲡⲡⲉⲧ ⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ ⲇⲉ ⲁⲩⲟⲩⲁϩϥ̄ ϩⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲧⲟⲡⲟⲥ\nⲉϥⲟⲩⲟⲛϩ̄ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ⲡⲙⲁ ⲉⲧ ⲉⲣⲉ ⲟⲩⲙⲏⲏϣⲉ ⲛ̄ ϭⲟⲙ • ϩⲓ ⲧⲁⲗϭⲟ ϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲩ ⲉⲩⲉⲟⲟⲩ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲡⲉⲓⲱⲧ\nⲙⲛ̄ ⲡⲉϥⲙⲟⲛⲟⲅⲉⲛⲏⲥ ⲛ̄ ϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲓ︦ⲥ︦ ⲡⲉⲭ︦ⲥ︦ ⲡⲉⲛϫ︦ⲥ︦ ⲙⲛ̄\nⲡⲉⲡⲛⲁ̄ ⲉⲧ ⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ ϣⲁ ⲉⲛⲉϩ • ϩⲁⲙⲏⲛ • Ⲧⲉϣⲡⲏⲣⲉ\nⲛ̄ⲧ ⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲛϩ̄ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲓⲧⲙ̄ ⲫⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲙⲉⲣⲕⲟⲩⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲛ̄ⲑⲉ\nⲛ̄ⲧ ⲁϥⲡⲁⲧⲁⲥⲥⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲓⲟⲩⲗⲓⲁⲛⲟⲥ • ⲡⲁⲛⲟⲙⲟⲥ • ⲛ︦ⲣ︦ⲣⲟ\nϩⲓ̈ϫⲙ̄ ⲡϥ̄ⲙⲉⲣⲉϩ | Ⲁⲩⲱ ⲧⲉϣⲡⲏⲣⲉ ⲛⲉⲥⲥⲏϩ ϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲙⲉϩ\nⲯⲓⲧⲉ ⲛ̄ϩⲓⲥⲧⲟⲣⲓⲁ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲕⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ ϩⲁⲙⲏⲛ • ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲟⲩⲟⲉⲓϣ ⲉⲧ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲩ Ⲉⲣⲉ ⲕⲩⲣⲓⲗⲗⲟⲥ ⲟⲛ ⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ ⲉ\nⲓⲉⲗⲏ︦ⲙ︦ • ⲁⲩⲛⲟϭ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲉⲓⲛ ⲟⲩⲱⲛϩ̄ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ⲛ̄ⲧⲉ ⲡⲉⲭⲥ̄ • ϫⲓⲛ ϫⲡ̄ ϣⲟⲙⲧⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ ϣⲁ ϫⲡ̄ ⲯⲓⲧⲉ • Ⲁⲩⲛⲟϭ\nⲛ̄ ⲥⲧⲁⲩⲣⲟⲥ • ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲟⲉⲓⲛ • ⲟⲩⲱⲛϩ̄ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ⲉϥⲁϩⲉ ⲣⲁⲧϥ̄\nϩⲓϫⲙ̄ ⲡⲙ̄ϩⲁⲁⲩ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲥⲏ︤ⲣ︥ ⲙ̄ ⲡϩⲱⲧ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ⲛ̄ ⲥⲁⲣⲝ̄\nⲛⲓⲙ • ⲙ̄ⲡⲓⲥⲧⲟⲥ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲁⲡⲓⲥⲧⲟⲥ • ⲃⲁⲣⲃⲁⲣⲟⲥ ϩⲣⲱⲙⲁⲓⲟⲥ • ϩⲱⲥ ⲧⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲏⲏϣⲉ ⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲉⲧ ϣⲟⲟⲡ ϩⲛ̄\nⲙ̄ ⲡⲟⲗⲓⲥ • ⲥⲱⲟⲩϩ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲩϭⲓⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲩϭⲓⲛⲥⲱ\nⲙⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲩⲏⲣⲡ̄ ⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲱⲙ▨▨▨▨▨▨▨▨▨ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲥⲧⲁⲩⲣⲟⲥ\nϣⲁⲛⲧ ⲉϥⲃⲱⲕ ⲉ ϩⲣⲁⲓ ⲉ ⲧⲡⲉ (?)▨▨▨ⲛ̄ϫⲡ̄ ⲯⲓⲧⲉ • ⲉⲣⲉ ⲛ̄ⲃⲁⲗ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲛⲓⲙ ϭⲱϣⲧ̄ ⲛ̄ⲥⲱϥ • Ⲕⲩⲣⲓⲗⲗⲟⲥ\nⲆⲉ ⲡⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ ⲛ̄ ⲑⲓⲉⲗⲏ︦ⲙ︦ ⲁϥⲥϩⲁⲓ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉϣⲡⲏⲣⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧ\nⲁⲥϣⲱⲡⲉ •","english":"...and he saw that his reasoning was unshakable, and that he would not be persuaded to sacrifice. He took counsel with his nobles, for he was about to go to Rome. He pronounced a sentence against him, that they should Bu\n\nA great wonder then occurred, worthy of his memory. After the martyr had finished his confession, his body became white like snow, gleaming and giving off a fragrance like roses, chosen with grace because of this sign. Many people became Christians. The holy one, however, was placed in a prominent place, where a multitude of powers and healings took place there, to the glory of God the Father and his only-begotten son Jesus Christ our Lord and the Holy Spirit, forever. Amen. The wonder that was revealed through the holy Mercurius, how he struck down the lawless Julian the king on his throne. And this wonder is written in the fifth history of the church. Amen. At that time, when Cyril was also bishop of Jerusalem, a great sign of the cross appeared, from the third hour until the fifth hour. A great cross of light appeared, standing upon the place of the Savior's tomb, where the flesh of every kind was stripped away. Believers and unbelievers, barbarians and Romans, as well as all the multitudes who were in the city, gathered with their foods and their drinks and their wines... the cross, until it went up into the sky at the fifth hour, with the eyes of everyone gazing after it. Cyril, the bishop of Jerusalem, wrote down the wonder that had occurred.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩⲣⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Greek loanword μάρτυς, here in the hagiographical sense of 'martyr', not the older forensic sense of 'witness'.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲥⲧⲁⲩⲣⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"Greek σταυρός: the instrument of execution, and by extension the suffering it names. In this passage it refers to a miraculous cross of light.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"Greek ἐπίσκοπος, here rendered 'bishop', referring to Cyril of Jerusalem.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"external","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The reference to Cyril, bishop of Jerusalem, and the cross of light appearing at Golgotha from the third to the fifth hour echoes the well-known vision of 351 CE, recorded in Cyril's letter to Constantius.","cites":[],"named_sources":["Cyril of Jerusalem 351"],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The passage shifts from the martyr's death to a series of posthumous wonders: the body's transformation, healings at the tomb, Mercurius's slaying of Julian, and the cross of light. These are linked by the theme of divine sign.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The text claims the wonder of Mercurius is written in the 'fifth history of the church', likely a reference to a lost or apocryphal church history, possibly associated with Eusebius or later continuators.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The Coptic text is damaged after ⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲱⲙ▨▨▨▨▨▨▨▨▨, obscuring the description of the crowd's reaction to the cross. The reading 'until it went up into the sky' is conjectural based on the English draft.","The phrase 'fifth history of the church' is ambiguous; it may refer to a specific work or a section within a larger ecclesiastical history."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ","text":"ⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ → “bishop”. Standard rendering; first occurrence is noted here, the term recurs below."},{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲥⲧⲁⲩⲣⲟⲥ","text":"ⲥⲧⲁⲩⲣⲟⲥ → “cross”. Greek σταυρός: the instrument of execution, and by extension the suffering it names. In martyrdom texts it is the mode of death, not a devotional object."},{"kind":"homonym","severity":"caution","term":"ⲥⲧⲁⲩⲣⲟⲥ","text":"ⲥⲧⲁⲩⲣⲟⲥ carries more than one sense (crucifixion); this passage takes it as “cross”. The choice is the translator's, not a lexical given."},{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲁⲙⲏⲛ","text":"ⲁⲙⲏⲛ → “amen”. Transliterated Hebrew, left untranslated in the liturgy and in the doxologies that close a homily."}]},{"i":22,"ref":"p22","source":"ⲁϥⲥϩⲁⲓ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲉⲡⲓⲥⲧⲟⲗⲏ • ⲁϥϫⲟⲟⲩⲥ ⲛ̄\nⲕⲱⲥⲧⲟⲥ ⲡⲣ︤ⲣⲟ | ⲉ ⲡⲕⲱⲙⲏⲧⲁⲧⲟⲛ • ⲡⲁⲓ ⲉⲧⲙⲉ ⲛ̄\nⲁⲑⲁⲛⲁⲥⲓⲟⲥ • ⲁⲑⲁⲛⲁⲥⲓⲟⲥ ⲇⲉ Ⲁϥⲁⲙⲁϩⲧⲉ ⲉϫⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲕⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ ⲛ̄ ⲣⲁⲕⲟⲧⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲕⲉ ϫⲟⲩⲧⲏ ⲛ̄ⲣⲟⲙⲡⲉ • ⲛ̄ⲥⲁⲛⲉⲩⲉⲣⲏⲩ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉ ⲗⲁⲁⲩ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲟⲗⲩⲙⲟⲥ ⲧⲱⲟⲩⲛ ⲉ ϫⲱϥ • Ⲁϥⲣ̄ ϫⲟⲩ ⲥⲛⲟⲟⲩⲥ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲛ̄ⲣⲟⲙⲡⲉ ϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲏ ⲙⲛ̄\nⲧⲉⲝⲟⲣⲓⲥϯⲁ • ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣ ϥ̄ⲙⲟⲩ ⲇⲉ ⲛ̄ϭⲓ ⲕⲱⲥⲧⲟⲥ ⲁϥⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲟ\nⲉ ⲡⲉϥⲙⲁ ⲛ̄ϭⲓ ⲓⲟⲩⲗⲓⲁⲛⲟⲥ • ⲉⲩⲁⲛⲟⲙⲟⲥ ⲡⲉ ⲛ̄ ϩⲉⲗⲏⲛ","english":"He wrote an epistle and sent it to King Costus, to the comitaton, who was the father of Athanasius. Athanasius, however, took hold of the church of Alexandria for another twenty years, one after another, and no persecution arose against him. He spent twelve years in the episcopate and the exorcistate. When Costus died, Julianus reigned in his place, a lawless man and a Hellene.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲕⲱⲙⲏⲧⲁⲧⲟⲛ","severity":"info","text":"The Greek loanword ⲡⲕⲱⲙⲏⲧⲁⲧⲟⲛ (comitaton) refers to the imperial court or retinue, here identifying Costus as a court official rather than a sovereign.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"background","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The mention of Athanasius holding the church of Alexandria for twenty years aligns with his historical tenure (328–373), though the text compresses his exiles into a single period of twelve years in episcopate and exorcistate.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"dating","kind":"chronology","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The succession from Costus to Julianus (Julian the Apostate, r. 361–363) places the narrative in the mid-4th century, consistent with the reign of Constantius II (Costus) and Julian.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲧⲉⲕⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ","severity":"info","text":"ⲧⲉⲕⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ here denotes the institutional church of Alexandria, including its leadership and jurisdiction, not merely the building.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase ⲛ̄ⲥⲁⲛⲉⲩⲉⲣⲏⲩ (one after another) is ambiguous: it may mean consecutive years or simultaneous offices; the translation opts for consecutive years.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of Costus is ambiguous: he may be Constantius II or a legendary figure; the text calls him king but also places him at the comitaton.","The phrase ⲛ̄ⲥⲁⲛⲉⲩⲉⲣⲏⲩ could indicate either consecutive years or simultaneous roles; the English draft takes it as consecutive."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲉⲕⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ","text":"ⲉⲕⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ → “church”. The building, the congregation, and the institution all take this word; the context decides, and 'assembly' is rare outside citations of Acts."}]},{"i":23,"ref":"p23","source":"ⲉⲩ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ⲡⲉ ϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲥⲱⲛⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲕⲱⲥⲧⲁⲛϯⲛⲟⲥ ⲡⲛⲟϭ ⲧⲉⲥϩⲁⲓ\nⲅⲁⲣ ⲛⲉ ⲟⲩϩⲉⲗⲏⲛ ⲡⲉ ⲛ̄ϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲇⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲕⲱⲛⲥⲧⲁⲛϯⲛⲟⲥ\nⲁⲩⲛⲁⲩ ⲉ ⲡϣⲏⲣⲉ ϣⲏⲙ ϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲛⲁϣⲧ̄ ϩⲣⲁϥ ⲡⲉ ⲁⲩⲣ̄ϩⲟⲧⲉ ϫⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲛϥ̄ϥⲓ ⲛ̄ⲧ▨▨ⲧ ⲙⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲟ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲩ▨▨▨▨\nⲛ̄ⲕⲟⲩⲓ ⲁⲩⲧⲁⲁϥ ⲉ ⲧⲉⲕⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ • ⲁⲩⲁⲁϥ ⲛ̄ ⲁⲛⲁⲅⲛⲱⲥⲧⲏⲥ • ⲛ̄ⲣⲱⲙⲉ ⲇⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϥⲉⲓⲱⲧ ⲁⲩⲉⲓⲛⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ ⲉ\nϩⲣⲁⲓ ϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲙⲛ︤ⲧ︥ϩⲉⲗⲗⲏⲛ • ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣ ⲉϥⲙⲟⲩ ⲇⲉ ⲛ̄ϭⲓ\nⲕⲱⲥⲧⲟⲥ ⲁϥⲣ︦ⲣ︦ⲣⲟ ⲉ ⲡⲉϥⲙⲁ | ⲛ̄ϭⲓ ⲓⲟⲩⲗⲓⲁⲛⲟⲥ • ⲁⲩⲱ\nⲁϥⲧⲁⲁϥ ⲉ ⲧⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ϩⲗ̄ⲗⲏⲛ ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲩⲛⲟⲩ • Ⲁϥϣⲓⲛⲉ ⲛ̄ⲥⲁ\nⲟⲩⲱⲛ ⲛ̄ ⲛ︦ⲣ︦ⲡⲏⲩⲉ ⲇⲏⲙⲟⲥⲓⲁ • ⲡⲁⲓ ϭⲉ ⲁϥϭⲱ ϩⲙ̄\nⲡⲡⲁⲗⲗⲁϯⲟⲛ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲁⲛⲇⲓⲟⲭⲓⲁ ⲛ︦ϥ︦ⲙ︦ⲡϣⲁ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲁⲛ ⲛ̄\nⲙ̄ⲙⲁ ⲛ̄ ⲕⲱ[ⲥ]ⲧⲁⲛϯⲛⲟⲥ ⲉ ⲧⲣⲉϥⲟⲩⲱϩ ⲛ̄ϩⲏⲧⲟⲩ • ⲁϥⲃⲱⲕ ⲉ ⲡⲙⲁ ⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ϩⲉⲗⲗⲏⲛ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲩⲉⲓⲇⲱⲗⲟⲛ • ⲁϥϫⲓ ⲛ̄\nⲟⲩⲃⲏϭ ⲁϥⲧⲁⲁϥ ⲙ̄ ⲡϩⲩⲉⲣⲉⲩⲥ ⲁϥⲧⲁⲗⲟϥ ⲉ ϩⲣⲁⲓ ⲛ̄\nⲑⲩⲥⲓⲁ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲇⲁⲓⲙⲱⲛ • ⲁϥϥⲓ ⲙ̄ ⲡϩⲩⲡⲁⲣ ⲁϥⲧⲁⲁϥ ⲛⲁϥ\nⲁϥⲟⲩⲟⲙϥ̄ • Ⲓⲟⲩⲗⲓⲁⲛⲟⲥ ⲇⲉ ⲡϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲛ ⲧϥ̄ⲥⲱⲛⲉ ⲡⲉ\nⲁϥⲧⲁⲛϩⲟⲩⲧϥ̄ ⲉ ⲧⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲉⲣⲟ • ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣⲉ ϥⲛⲁⲩ ⲇⲉ ⲉ ⲧⲉⲡⲣⲟⲑⲉⲥⲙⲓⲁ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲥⲟⲛ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉϥⲙⲁⲁⲩ • ⲁϥϭⲱⲡⲉ ⲙ̄\nⲫⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲟⲣⲓⲭⲟⲥ ⲡⲉⲡⲣⲉⲥⲃⲩⲧⲉⲣⲟⲥ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲡⲟⲓⲕⲟⲛⲟⲙⲟⲥ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲕⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ ⲁϥⲙⲟⲟⲩⲧϥ̄ • ⲁϥⲉⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲁϥϫⲓ\nⲡⲟⲩⲱ ⲛ̄ ⲓⲟⲩⲗⲓⲁⲛⲟⲥ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲟϥ ⲇⲉ ⲁϥⲛⲟⲩϭⲥ̄ ⲉϥϫⲱ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲁⲕϣⲧⲣ̄ⲧⲱⲣⲧ̄ ⲛ̄ϯⲟⲩ|ⲱϣ ⲁⲛ ⲉⲙⲟⲟⲩⲧⲟⲩ • ϫⲉ\nⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲩϣⲟⲩϣⲟⲩ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲟⲩ ϫⲉ ⲁⲛⲣ̄ ⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩⲣⲟⲥ ϩⲓⲱⲱⲕ\nⲁⲗⲗⲁ ⲉⲓϣⲁⲛⲉⲓ ϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲡⲉⲣⲥⲓⲥ ϯⲛⲁⲕⲁ ⲟⲩⲛⲟⲙⲟⲥ ⲉ ϩⲣⲁⲓ\nⲛⲁⲩ • ϫⲉ ϣⲟⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ ⲛ̄ϩⲟⲗⲟⲕⲟⲧϯⲛⲟⲥ ⲉ ⲧⲁⲡⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲡⲁⲅⲁⲛⲟⲥ ⲧⲉ ⲣⲟⲙⲡⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲭⲣⲓⲥϯⲁⲛⲟⲥ • ⲡⲃⲟⲩⲗⲉⲩⲧⲏⲥ\nⲇⲉ ϣⲟⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ ⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲕⲅⲓⲁ •","english":"They were outside in the field of the great Constantine. For his sister was a Hellene. The sons of Constantine saw the small child, that he was a Nazirite, and they feared that he would take the kingdom from them. The small ones gave him to the church. They made him a reader. The men of his father brought him into the midst of the Hellenes. When Costus died, Julianus reigned in his place. And he gave him to the Hellenes immediately. He sought after the opening of the public temples. This one remained in the palace of the palace of the succession, for he was not worthy of the places of Constantine to dwell in them. He went to the place of the Hellenes and their idols. He took a bribe and gave it to the priest. He offered up a sacrifice to the demon. He took the property and gave it to him, and he consumed it. Julianus, the son of his sister, was the one who raised him to the kingdom. When he saw the purpose of his mother's brother, he became the holy Theodorichos the presbyter and the oikonomos of the church. He killed him. He came and took the portion of Julianus. He himself, however, refused, saying, \"You have disturbed me. I do not wish to kill them, lest they boast that they made martyrs because of you. But if I come in the persecution, I will impose a law upon them: three holokottinoi for the head of each pagan, for the year of the Christians.\" The bouleutes, however, three ounces.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲡⲣⲉⲥⲃⲩⲧⲉⲣⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The term 'presbyter' is used here for the clerical order of Theodorichos, distinct from 'elder' as seniority.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩⲣⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The word 'martyr' appears in the hagiographical sense, referring to those who might boast of martyrdom.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲉⲕⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ","severity":"info","text":"Here 'church' likely refers to the institution, as the child is given to it for clerical service.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"external","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The mention of 'three holokottinoi for the head of each pagan' reflects a late antique penalty or tax, possibly a literary motif.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic text has lacunae (▨▨) in two places, obscuring the exact phrase for 'kingdom' and 'their [something]'.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage shifts from narrative about Constantine's family to Julian's actions, then to a dialogue with Theodorichos.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of 'the small child' is ambiguous; it may refer to a future figure or a symbolic Nazirite.","The phrase 'the holy Theodorichos the presbyter' could be a later interpolation or a confused reference."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[{"kind":"lacuna","severity":"caution","text":"The source is fragmentary here: the edition marks a break or an editorial bracket, and the English carries across it. Treat the bridge as supplied, not translated."},{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲡⲣⲉⲥⲃⲩⲧⲉⲣⲟⲥ","text":"ⲡⲣⲉⲥⲃⲩⲧⲉⲣⲟⲥ → “presbyter”. Greek πρεσβύτερος. 'Presbyter' where the clerical order is at issue; 'elder' where the sense is seniority."},{"kind":"homonym","severity":"caution","term":"ⲡⲣⲉⲥⲃⲩⲧⲉⲣⲟⲥ","text":"ⲡⲣⲉⲥⲃⲩⲧⲉⲣⲟⲥ carries more than one sense (priest, elder); this passage takes it as “presbyter”. The choice is the translator's, not a lexical given."}]},{"i":24,"ref":"p24","source":"ⲛⲁⲓ̈ ⲇⲉ ⲉϥⲉⲓⲣⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲟⲩ ⲛⲉϥϩⲟϫϩϫ̄ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲭⲣⲓⲥϯⲁⲛⲟⲥ ϩⲛ̄ ⲥⲙⲟⲧ ⲛⲓⲙ • ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲟⲩⲟⲉⲓϣ\nⲇⲉ ⲉⲧ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲩ ⲛⲉⲣⲉ ⲧⲉⲕⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ ⲟ ⲛ̄ ⲣⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲟ ϩⲛ̄\nⲧⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ϫⲱⲱⲣⲉ ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲡⲛ︦ⲁ︦ⲧⲟⲫⲟⲣⲟⲥ • ⲉⲣⲉ ϥⲧⲟⲟⲩ ⲛ̄ⲥⲧⲩⲗⲟⲥ\nⲧⲱⲟⲩⲛ ϩⲁ ⲣⲟⲥ • ⲉⲧⲉ ⲛⲁⲓ ⲛⲉ • ⲁⲑⲁⲛⲁⲥⲓⲟⲥ ⲛ̄ ⲣⲁⲕⲟⲧⲉ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁⲛⲧⲱⲛⲓⲟⲥ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲡⲁϩⲱⲙⲱ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲙⲁⲣⲓ̈ⲥ • ⲁⲩⲱ\nⲃⲁⲥⲓⲗⲉⲓⲟⲥ ϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲕⲁⲡⲡⲁⲇⲟⲕⲓⲁ • Ⲃⲁⲥⲓⲗⲉⲓⲟⲥ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲉϥⲟ\nⲛ̄ ϣⲃⲏⲣ ⲉ ⲓⲟⲩⲗⲓⲁⲛⲟⲥ ⲉ ⲧⲃⲉ ⲧⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲕⲟⲩⲓ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩⲁⲁⲥ ⲙⲛ̄","english":"These things he did to them, his persecutors of the Christians, in every manner. At that time, the church was wealthy in the strength of the spirit-bearing ones. Four pillars stood at the gate, namely: Athanasius of Rakote, and Antony with Pachomius in the Maris, and Basil in Cappadocia. Basil was a companion of Julian concerning the smallness which they made with","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"sense","kind":"sense","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲛⲁⲓ̈ ⲇⲉ ⲉϥⲉⲓⲣⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲟⲩ ⲛⲉϥϩⲟϫϩϫ̄ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲭⲣⲓⲥϯⲁⲛⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The opening clause is ambiguous: it may mean 'These things he did to them, his persecutors of the Christians' (as in the draft) or 'These things he did to them, the persecutors of the Christians,' depending on whether ⲛⲉϥϩⲟϫϩϫ̄ is read as a possessive or a genitive. The draft takes it as a possessive appositive.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲉⲕⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ","severity":"info","text":"ⲧⲉⲕⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ here refers to the institutional church, described as wealthy in the strength of the spirit-bearing ones. The gloss 'church' covers building, congregation, and institution; context supports the institutional sense.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"background","lemma":"ⲁⲑⲁⲛⲁⲥⲓⲟⲥ ⲛ̄ ⲣⲁⲕⲟⲧⲉ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁⲛⲧⲱⲛⲓⲟⲥ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲡⲁϩⲱⲙⲱ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲙⲁⲣⲓ̈ⲥ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲃⲁⲥⲓⲗⲉⲓⲟⲥ ϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲕⲁⲡⲡⲁⲇⲟⲕⲓⲁ","severity":"info","text":"The four pillars are Athanasius of Alexandria (Rakote), Antony and Pachomius in the region of Maris (likely the Thebaid), and Basil in Cappadocia. These are major figures of Egyptian and Cappadocian monasticism and orthodoxy, presented as spiritual supports of the church.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲃⲁⲥⲓⲗⲉⲓⲟⲥ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲉϥⲟ ⲛ̄ ϣⲃⲏⲣ ⲉ ⲓⲟⲩⲗⲓⲁⲛⲟⲥ","severity":"caution","text":"The statement that Basil was a companion of Julian is historically problematic; Basil of Caesarea was a contemporary of Julian but not a close companion. This may reflect a hagiographic tradition or a confusion with another Basil. The Coptic text is clear, but the historical claim is dubious.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"ϥⲧⲟⲟⲩ ⲛ̄ⲥⲧⲩⲗⲟⲥ ⲧⲱⲟⲩⲛ ϩⲁ ⲣⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The image of four pillars standing at the gate is a structural metaphor for the church's defenders. The list that follows (Athanasius, Antony, Pachomius, Basil) functions as a catalog of exemplars, a common hagiographic device to anchor the narrative in sacred history.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase ⲛⲁⲓ̈ ⲇⲉ ⲉϥⲉⲓⲣⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲟⲩ ⲛⲉϥϩⲟϫϩϫ̄ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲭⲣⲓⲥϯⲁⲛⲟⲥ: the possessive ⲛⲉϥ- could be read as 'his persecutors' (appositive) or 'the persecutors of the Christians' (genitive). The draft takes the former. Also, the clause ⲉⲧⲃⲉ ⲧⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲕⲟⲩⲓ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩⲁⲁⲥ ⲙⲛ̄ is incomplete; the sense of 'the smallness which they made with' is unclear—possibly referring to a childhood bond or a conspiracy.","The identity of Basil as a companion of Julian is historically uncertain; the text may be drawing on a legendary tradition."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":25,"ref":"p25","source":"ⲛⲉⲩⲉⲣⲏⲩ ϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲁⲛ|ⲍⲏⲃⲉ • ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣⲉ ϥⲥⲱⲧⲙ̄ ⲇⲉ ⲉ ⲧⲃⲉ\nⲛⲉϥⲡⲣⲁⲝⲓⲥ ⲉⲑⲟⲟⲩ • ⲁϥⲉⲓ ϣⲁ ⲣⲟϥ ⲙⲛ̄ ϩⲉⲛⲕⲉⲣⲉϥϣⲙ̄ϣⲉ ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲛ̄ϣⲃⲏⲣ ⲉ ⲡⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥ • Ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣ\nⲟⲩⲃⲱⲕ ⲇⲉ ⲉ ϩⲟⲩⲛ ϣⲁ ⲣⲟϥ ⲁϥⲛⲁⲩ ⲉ ⲛⲉⲩⲥⲭⲏⲙⲁ\nⲉⲩⲑⲃ̄ⲃⲓⲏⲩ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛⲉⲣⲉ ⲛⲉⲩⲙⲟⲣⲧ̄ ⲣⲏⲧ ⲡⲉ • ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ\nⲛⲁⲩ ϫⲉ ⲉⲣⲉ ⲛⲁⲓ ϣⲓⲛⲉ ⲛ̄ⲥⲁ ⲟⲩ • ⲁϥⲟⲩⲱϣⲃ̄ ⲛ̄ϭⲓ\nⲃⲁⲥⲓ̈ⲗⲉⲓⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲉⲛϣⲓⲛⲉ ⲛ̄ⲥⲁ ⲟⲩϣⲱⲥ ⲉⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϥ ⲛ̄ⲣⲉϥⲙⲟⲟⲛⲉ • ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛ̄ ⲃⲁⲥⲓⲗⲉⲓⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕⲕⲁ ⲡϣⲏⲣⲉ\nⲙ̄ ⲡϩⲁⲙϣⲉ ⲧⲱⲛ ⲁⲕⲉⲓ ⲉ ⲡⲉⲓ̄ ⲙⲁ • ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲁϥ\nϫⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲓⲕⲁⲁϥ ⲉⲧⲁⲙⲓⲟ▨ⲁⲓ̈ⲃⲉ ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϫⲕ̄ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲥ • ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲣ̄ⲣⲟ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ Ⲉⲛⲉⲓⲫⲓⲗⲟⲥⲟⲫⲉⲓ ⲁⲛ ϫⲉ ⲛⲧⲕ̄\nⲡⲁ ϣⲃⲏⲣ • ⲛⲉⲓⲛⲁⲧⲣⲉⲩϥⲓ ⲡⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲕⲁⲡⲉ • Ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲃⲁⲥⲓⲗⲉⲓⲟⲥ ⲛⲁϥ ⲙ̄ⲡ ⲉⲕⲫⲓⲗⲟⲥⲟⲫⲉⲓ • ⲉⲛⲉⲛⲧⲁⲕⲫⲓⲗⲟⲥⲟⲫⲉⲓ\nⲅⲁⲣ ⲛⲉⲕⲛⲁⲕⲁ ⲛ̄ⲥⲱⲕ ⲁⲛ ⲡⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲥⲟⲫⲓⲁ • ⲛ̄ⲧ ⲁⲩⲧⲥⲁⲃⲟⲕ\nⲉ ⲣⲟⲥ • ⲉⲕⲱ ⲛ̄ ⲣⲉϥⲱϣ ϩⲛ̄ ⲛ̄|ϫⲱⲱⲙⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲥⲟⲫⲓⲁ ⲙ̄\nⲙⲉ • Ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲣ︤ⲣⲟ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲁⲓⲟϣⲟⲩ ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁⲓⲛⲟⲓ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲟⲩ • ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲃⲁⲥⲓⲗⲉⲓⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉ ⲕⲟϣⲟⲩ ⲕⲁⲗⲱⲥ • ⲟⲩⲇⲉ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉ ⲕⲛⲟⲓ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲟⲩ • ⲉⲛⲉϩ ⲉⲛⲉⲛⲧⲁⲕⲛⲟⲓ ⲅⲁⲣ\nⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲟⲩ • ⲛⲅ̄ ⲛⲁⲧϭⲁⲓⲟⲟⲩ ⲁⲛ ⲡⲉ • ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲣ̄ⲣⲟ ⲛⲁⲩ\nϫⲉ ϯⲛⲁⲉⲧⲡ̄ ⲧⲏⲩⲧⲛ̄ ⲉ ϩⲟⲩⲛ ϣⲁⲛ ⲧⲁⲉⲓ ϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲡⲉⲣⲥⲓⲥ • ⲧⲁⲣⲉ ⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲉⲓⲙⲉ ϫⲉ ⲟⲩ ⲡⲉⲧ ϯⲟⲩⲃⲉ ⲡⲣ̄ⲣⲟ ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲙⲟⲩϩ\nⲙ̄ ⲡϩⲟϫϩϫ̄ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲙⲁ ⲛ̄ ⲱⲧⲡ̄ ⲉ ϩⲟⲩⲛ :-Ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲃⲁⲥⲓⲗⲉⲓ̄ⲟⲥ\nϫⲉ ⲉⲕϣⲁⲛⲃⲱⲕ ⲉ ⲧⲡⲉⲣⲥⲓⲥ ⲛ[ⲛⲉ] ⲕⲟⲧⲕ̄ ⲉⲓⲉ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉ ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ\nϣⲁϫⲉ ϩⲛ̄ ⲃⲁⲥⲓⲗⲉⲓⲟⲥ •","english":"They were together in Anzibe. When he heard about his evil deeds, he came to his gate with some other servants of God, companions of that bishop. When they went in to his gate, he saw their garments soiled, and their belts were like ropes. He said to them, \"What are these seeking?\" Basil answered, \"We are seeking a good shepherd.\" The king said to Basil, \"You left the son of the blacksmith, where did you come to this place?\" He said to him, \"I left him to make a sieve for you to winnow at the gate.\" The king said to him, \"You are not philosophizing, for you are my companion. I will have your head taken off.\" Basil said to him, \"You are not philosophizing. If you had philosophized, you would not have abandoned wisdom, which taught you to read in the books of true wisdom.\" The king said to him, \"I have read them and I have understood them.\" Basil said, \"You have not read them well, nor have you understood them. For if you had understood them, you would not have dishonored them.\" The king said to them, \"I will throw you into prison until I come from Persia, so that you may know what it is to oppose the king, and you will be filled with the terror of the place of judgment.\" Basil said, \"If you go to Persia, do not return, lest God speak with Basil.","structure":"dialogue","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ","severity":"info","text":"The definite article with ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ (ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ) here names God, consistent with Christian usage in Coptic hagiography.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"ⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ is a Greek loanword meaning 'bishop', here referring to the bishop associated with the companions of Basil.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲃⲁⲥⲓⲗⲉⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"Basil of Cappadocia (c. 330–379) is a historical figure, but his appearance in this dialogue with Julian is anachronistic, typical of hagiographic invention.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲟⲩϣⲱⲥ ⲉⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϥ ⲛ̄ⲣⲉϥⲙⲟⲟⲛⲉ","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'a good shepherd' echoes the pastoral imagery of John 10:11 and the Good Shepherd tradition, common in early Christian discourse.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage is a dialogue between King Julian and Basil, structured as a series of verbal exchanges with rhetorical challenges, typical of hagiographic disputation scenes.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁⲛ|ⲍⲏⲃⲉ","severity":"caution","text":"The place name ⲁⲛ|ⲍⲏⲃⲉ (Anzibe) is uncertain; it may be a corruption or variant of a known location, but its identification is not secure.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The place name ⲁⲛ|ⲍⲏⲃⲉ (Anzibe) is not clearly identified; it may be a textual corruption or a lesser-known locale.","The phrase 'son of the blacksmith' (ⲡϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡϩⲁⲙϣⲉ) is ambiguous: it may refer to a specific individual or be a metaphorical insult.","The Coptic text has a lacuna at ⲧⲁⲙⲓⲟ▨ⲁⲓ̈ⲃⲉ, where the verb is partially missing; the reading 'make a sieve' is conjectural."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[{"kind":"structure","severity":"info","label":"dialogue","text":"Classified as dialogue from the Coptic cues."},{"kind":"lacuna","severity":"caution","text":"The source is fragmentary here: the edition marks a break or an editorial bracket, and the English carries across it. Treat the bridge as supplied, not translated."}]},{"i":26,"ref":"p26","source":"Ⲡⲣ̄ⲣⲟ ⲇⲉ ⲓⲟⲩⲗⲓ̈ⲁⲛⲟⲥ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ\nϫⲉ ⲟⲩ ⲡⲉ ϯⲛⲁⲁϥ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲓⲅⲁⲗⲓⲗⲁⲓⲟⲥ ⲡⲓⲣⲉϥϫⲓ ϭⲟⲗ\nⲁϥϫⲟⲟⲥ ⲅⲁⲣ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϥϩⲏⲧ ϫⲉ ⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲛⲁⲕⲁ ⲟⲩⲱⲛⲉ ⲁⲛ\nϩⲓϫⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲱⲛⲉ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲣ̄ⲡⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲓⲟⲩⲇⲁⲓ̈ • Ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ϩⲱ ϯⲛⲁⲕⲟⲧϥ̄ ⲛ̄ϩⲱⲃ ⲛ︦ⲣ︦ⲣⲟ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣ ⲛⲉϥϣⲁϫⲉ ⲛ̄ϭⲟⲗ ⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩⲉⲓⲙⲉ ϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲣⲉϥϫⲓϭⲟⲗ ⲡⲉ • | Ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁϥⲟⲩⲉϩⲥⲁϩⲛⲉ ⲉ\nⲧⲣⲉ ⲩⲱⲧⲡ̄ ⲉ ϩⲟⲩⲛ ⲛ̄ ⲃⲁⲥⲓⲗⲉⲓⲟⲥ ⲉ ⲡⲉϣⲧⲉⲕⲟ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲡⲕⲉ\nⲥⲛⲁⲩ ⲉⲧ ⲛⲙ̄ⲙⲁϥ • Ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁϥⲧⲁⲁϥ ⲉ ⲃⲱⲕ ⲉ ⲧⲡⲉⲣⲥⲓⲥ • ⲁϥⲉⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲉϫⲛ̄ ⲑⲓ̈ⲉⲗⲏ︦ⲙ︦ • ⲁϥⲛⲁⲩ ⲉⲛϣⲟⲣϣⲣ̄ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲣ̄ⲡⲉ • ⲉⲙⲛ̄ ⲟⲩϫⲟⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲱⲧ ⲕⲱⲧⲉ ⲉ ⲣⲟϥ • ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲑⲉ ⲛⲧⲁ\nⲟⲩⲁⲥⲡⲁⲥⲓⲁⲛⲟⲥ ⲧⲁⲕⲟϥ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲧⲁⲕⲟ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥⲁⲁϥ • ⲛ̄ ⲛⲓⲟⲩⲇⲁⲓ̈ • ⲁϥⲕⲉⲗⲉⲩⲉ ⲉ ⲧⲣⲉ ⲩⲕⲁⲑⲁⲣⲓⲍⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ ϫⲉ ⲕⲁⲥ\nⲉⲩⲉⲕⲟⲧϥ̄ ⲉϥⲧⲁⲓⲏⲩ ⲉ ⲡⲉϩⲟⲩⲟ • Ⲓⲟⲩⲗⲓⲁⲛⲟⲥ ⲇⲉ ⲁϥⲕⲁⲑⲓⲥⲧⲁ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲕⲟⲙⲉⲥ ⲉϫⲙ̄ ⲡⲣ̄ⲡⲉ • ϫⲉ ⲉϥⲉⲕⲁⲑⲁⲣⲓⲍⲉ\nⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ ϣⲁⲛⲧ ⲉϥⲥⲙⲛ̄ ⲥⲉⲛⲧⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ • ⲛϥ̄ⲕⲟⲧϥ̄ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲟϥ\nⲇⲉ ⲁϥⲧⲁⲁϥ ⲉ ⲧⲡⲉⲣⲥⲓⲥ • ⲁϥⲡⲟⲗⲉⲙⲉⲓ ⲁϥⲕⲁ ⲛⲉⲧ\nⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ ⲉⲩⲟⲧⲡ̄ ⲉ ϩⲟⲩⲛ ⲉ ⲡⲉϣⲧⲉⲕⲟ • ⲛⲉⲧ ϣⲟⲣϣⲣ̄ ⲇⲉ\nⲉ ⲡⲉⲣⲡⲉ ⲁⲩⲕⲁⲑⲁⲣⲓⲍⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ ⲙ̄ⲡ ⲟⲩⲕⲁ ⲟⲩⲱⲛⲉ ϩⲓϫⲛ̄\nⲟⲩⲱⲛⲉ • ⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩⲃⲟⲗϥ̄ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲡϣⲁϫⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲛⲥ︦ⲏ︦ⲣ︦ • ⲁⲩⲁⲣⲭⲉⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲛ̄ⲕⲱⲧ | ϣⲁⲩⲕⲱⲧ ϫⲓⲛ ϩⲧⲟⲟⲩⲉ ϣⲁ ⲣⲟⲩϩⲉ\nⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲡⲱϩ ⲉ ϩⲧⲟⲟⲩⲉ • ⲛ̄ⲥⲉϭⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ ⲕⲱⲧ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩⲕⲟⲩ ⲉⲩϣⲣ̄ϣⲱⲣ ϩⲛ̄ ⲟⲩϭⲓϫ ⲁⲛ ⲛ̄ⲣⲱⲙⲉ • ⲁⲩⲣ̄ ⲉⲃⲟⲧ ⲇⲉ ⲥⲛⲁⲩ\nⲛ̄ϩⲟⲟⲩ ⲉⲩⲙⲏⲛ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲓ ϩⲉ ⲉⲩⲧⲁⲗⲁⲓⲡⲟⲣⲉⲓ ⲉⲙⲛ̄\nⲟⲩϩⲱⲃ ⲟⲩⲏⲏϩ ⲛ̄ⲥⲱⲟⲩ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲑⲉ ϫⲉ ⲧⲉⲡⲣⲟⲛⲟⲓⲁ ⲧⲉⲧ\nⲕⲱⲗⲉⲓ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲟⲩ • Ⲁⲩⲧⲁⲙⲟⲟⲩ ⲇⲉ ⲛ̄ϭⲓ ⲛ̄ⲓⲟⲩⲇⲁⲓ̈ ⲉⲧ\nⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲩ ϫⲉ ⲣⲱⲕϩ̄ ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲙϩⲁⲁⲩ ⲉⲧ ⲉⲣⲉ ⲛⲉⲭⲣⲓⲥϯⲁⲛⲟⲥ • ⲧⲟⲙⲥ̄ ⲛ̄ϩⲏⲧⲟⲩ •","english":"King Julian said, “What shall I do with the Galilean, the deceiver? For he said in his heart, ‘They will not place stone upon stone in the temple of the Jews.’ I myself will turn his work into a royal matter, so that his deceitful words may be known, that he is a deceiver.” And he gave orders to have Basil and the other two who were with him thrown into prison. And he sent him to Persia. He came to Jerusalem. He saw the temple destroyed, with no single stone left upon another, just as Ouspasian had destroyed it in the destruction he wrought upon the Jews. He commanded that it be purified, so that they might rebuild it more splendidly than before. Julian appointed a comes over the temple, to purify it until he had prepared and rebuilt it. He himself went to Persia. He waged war. He left the holy ones imprisoned. Those who had destroyed the temple purified it, not placing stone upon stone, nor removing it outside, according to the word of our Lord. They began to build. They built from morning until evening, but by morning they found the building work undone, scattered by no human hand. Two months passed, and they continued in this way, laboring in vain, with no work succeeding, for providence prevented them. The Jews who were there informed them, “Burn the lime that the Christians have mixed among it.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲓⲅⲁⲗⲓⲗⲁⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The epithet 'the Galilean' (ⲡⲓⲅⲁⲗⲓⲗⲁⲓⲟⲥ) is a pejorative reference to Jesus, used by Julian to deny his messianic status.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲛⲁⲕⲁ ⲟⲩⲱⲛⲉ ⲁⲛ ϩⲓϫⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲱⲛⲉ","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'not place stone upon stone' echoes Jesus' prophecy of the Temple's destruction (cf. Mark 13:2; Matthew 24:2), here attributed to Jesus by Julian.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲟⲩⲁⲥⲡⲁⲥⲓⲁⲛⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"Ouspasian (ⲟⲩⲁⲥⲡⲁⲥⲓⲁⲛⲟⲥ) is the Coptic rendering of Vespasian, the Roman emperor who destroyed the Second Temple in 70 CE.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The passage shifts from Julian's speech to narrative action, then to a parallel account of the Temple's failed reconstruction, mirroring the hagiographic pattern of divine intervention.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The story of Julian's attempt to rebuild the Jerusalem Temple and its miraculous failure is a common motif in Christian polemic, found in works like Ammianus Marcellinus and Cyril of Jerusalem.","cites":[],"named_sources":["Ammianus Marcellinus","Cyril of Jerusalem"],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲧⲟⲙⲥ̄ ⲛ̄ϩⲏⲧⲟⲩ","severity":"caution","text":"The final phrase 'ⲧⲟⲙⲥ̄ ⲛ̄ϩⲏⲧⲟⲩ' (lit. 'mix among them') is ambiguous; it may mean the Christians mixed lime into the mortar, or that the Jews accused them of doing so.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The Coptic phrase 'ⲧⲟⲙⲥ̄ ⲛ̄ϩⲏⲧⲟⲩ' is ambiguous: it could mean 'mix among them' (i.e., the Christians mixed lime into the building materials) or 'mix with them' (i.e., the Jews accused the Christians of sabotage). The English draft takes the latter reading."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":27,"ref":"p27","source":"ⲁⲩⲱ ⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϭⲙ̄ϭⲟⲙ ⲉ ⲕⲱⲧ ⲁⲩⲥⲱⲧⲙ̄\nⲇⲉ ⲛ̄ⲥⲱⲟⲩ ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁⲩⲣⲱⲕϩ̄ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲙϩⲁⲁⲩ :-Ⲛ ⲧⲉⲣ\nⲟⲩⲡⲱϩ ⲇⲉ ⲉϫⲙ̄ ⲡⲙ̄ϩⲁⲁⲩ • ⲉⲧ ⲉⲣⲉ ⲓ̈ⲱϩⲁⲛⲛⲏⲥ ⲡⲃⲁⲡϯⲥⲧⲏⲥ ⲛ̄ϩⲏⲧϥ̄ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲉⲗⲉⲥⲁⲓⲟⲥ • ⲡⲉⲡⲣⲟⲫⲏⲧⲏⲥ • ⲙ̄ⲡⲉ\nⲡⲕⲱϩⲧ̄ ϫⲱϩ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲟⲩ • ⲉ ⲁⲩⲣ̄ ⲟⲩⲙⲏⲏϣⲉ ⲛ̄ϩⲟⲟⲩ • ⲉⲣⲉ\nⲡⲕⲱϩⲧ̄ ⲙⲟⲩϩ • ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲩⲕⲱⲧⲉ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲟⲩ ⲇⲉ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉ ⲡⲕⲱϩⲧ̄\nϫⲱϩ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲟⲩ ⁖ ϩⲟⲓⲛⲉ ⲇⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲥⲛⲏⲩ ⲁⲩϯ ⲛⲁϥ ⲛ̄ |\nϩⲉⲛⲭⲣⲏⲙⲁ ⲁⲩⲥⲡ̄ⲥⲱⲡϥ̄ ⲉ ⲧⲣ̄ ϥ̄ϯⲑⲉ ⲛⲁⲩ ⲉ ⲧⲣⲉ\nⲩϥⲓ ⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲕⲉⲉⲥ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲧ ⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲟϥ ⲇⲉ ⲁϥϫⲓ ⲛ̄\nⲛ̄ϩⲟⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ • ⲁϥⲉⲓⲣⲉ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲑⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩϫⲟⲟⲥ ⲛⲁϥ • ⲁϥⲕⲁ\nⲟⲩⲱϣ ⲛⲁⲩ ⲉ ϩⲣⲁⲓ̈ ⲉ ⲧⲣⲉⲩⲉⲓ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲩϣⲏ ⲛ̄ⲥⲉϥⲓ ⲛ︦ⲛ︦ⲕⲉⲉⲥ\nⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲧ ⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ • Ⲓⲱ︦ⲥ︦ ⲡⲃⲁⲡⲧⲓⲥⲧⲏⲥ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲉⲗⲩⲥⲁⲓⲟⲥ ⲡⲉⲡⲣⲟⲫⲏⲧⲏⲥ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲟⲩ ⲇⲉ ⲉⲣⲉ ⲧϭⲓϫ ⲙ̄ ⲡϫⲥ︥ ϣⲟⲟⲡ\nⲛⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲩ • ⲁⲩⲧⲟⲃⲥⲟⲩ ⲇⲉ ⲉ ϫⲓⲧⲟⲩ ⲉ ⲕⲏⲙⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲁⲑⲁⲛⲁⲥⲓⲟⲥ • ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ϫⲉ ⲛⲉϥⲉⲡⲓⲑⲩⲙⲉⲓ ⲣⲱ ⲉ ⲛⲁⲩ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲟⲩ • Ⲁⲩⲉⲓ\nⲇⲉ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ⲉϫⲛ̄ ⲑⲁⲗⲗⲁⲥⲁ ⲁⲩϩⲉ ⲉ ⲡϫⲟⲓ̈ ϩⲛ̄ ⲟⲩϣⲡ̄\nⲛ̄ ϣⲱⲡ • ⲁⲩⲁⲗⲉ ⲁⲩⲉⲓ ⲉ ⲣⲁⲕⲟⲧⲉ ϩⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲁⲥⲁⲓ ⲁⲩⲧⲁⲁⲩ\nⲛ̄ ⲁⲑⲁⲛⲁⲥⲓⲟⲥ • ⲁϥⲣⲁϣⲉ ⲉ ϩⲣⲁⲓ ⲉ ϫⲱⲟⲩ • ⲛ̄ⲑⲉ ⲛⲧⲁϥⲛⲁⲩ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲟⲩ ϩⲱⲥ ϫⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥⲛⲁⲩ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲟⲩ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲥⲱⲙⲁ","english":"And they were unable to build. They heard them, and they burned the ropes. When the fire fell upon the rope in which John the Baptist and the prophet Elisha were, the fire did not touch them. They spent many days with the fire surrounding them, but the fire did not touch them. Some of the brothers gave him money and persuaded him to allow them to take the bones of the saints. He took the money and did as they said. He gave them permission to come at night and take the bones of the saints. John the Baptist and the prophet Elisha, with the hand of the Lord being with them, they were brought to Egypt to Athanasius, because he desired to see them. They came out upon the sea and found a ship in a dark place. They embarked and came to Alexandria in safety. They were given to Athanasius. He rejoiced over them when he saw them, as if he had seen them in the body.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲥⲱⲙⲁ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic ⲥⲱⲙⲁ (body) here refers to the physical body of the saints, contrasting with their bones; the phrase 'in the body' underscores Athanasius's desire to see them alive.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲡⲣⲟⲫⲏⲧⲏⲥ","severity":"info","text":"ⲡⲣⲟⲫⲏⲧⲏⲥ (prophet) is applied to Elisha, consistent with biblical tradition; the term is fixed in the glossary and appears twice in this passage.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"external","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The translation of the relics of John the Baptist and Elisha to Alexandria under Athanasius is a legendary motif, not attested in historical sources; it reinforces the cultic importance of these figures in Coptic tradition.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage shifts from the failed burning of the saints to the bribery of the guard and the miraculous transport of the relics, marking a transition from persecution to veneration.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"external","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The story of the relics' transfer to Athanasius reflects later Coptic hagiographic interests in linking apostolic and monastic saints with the Alexandrian patriarchate.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The Coptic phrase 'ⲛ̄ⲧⲟϥ ⲇⲉ ⲁϥϫⲓ ⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ϩⲟⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦' is ambiguous: 'he took the money' (as in the English draft) or 'he took the three' (referring to three coins); the draft's reading is followed.","The identity of 'ⲁⲑⲁⲛⲁⲥⲓⲟⲥ' (Athanasius) is ambiguous—likely Athanasius of Alexandria, but the text does not specify which Athanasius."],"confidence":"high","notes":[{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲡⲣⲟⲫⲏⲧⲏⲥ","text":"ⲡⲣⲟⲫⲏⲧⲏⲥ → “prophet”. Standard rendering; first occurrence is noted here, the term recurs below."}]},{"i":28,"ref":"p28","source":"ⲁϥϩⲟⲡⲟⲩ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲃⲁⲡϯⲥⲧⲏⲣⲓⲟⲛ • ⲉϥϣⲓⲛⲉ ⲛ̄ⲥⲁ ⲟⲩⲟⲉⲓϣ • ⲛ̄ ⲕⲱⲧ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲟⲩ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩⲣⲓⲟⲛ :-ⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ ⲇⲉ ⲛ̄\nⲟⲩ|ϩⲟⲟⲩ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲕⲏⲡⲟⲥ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲛⲉⲓⲟⲟⲧⲉ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲥⲛⲏⲩ • ⲛϥ̄ⲙⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲙ̄ⲙⲏⲏⲛⲉ ⲉⲛⲛⲟϭ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲕⲗⲏⲣⲟⲥ • ⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ ⲛⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲩ • ⲛⲁⲓ ⲉⲛⲉⲩⲛⲏⲩ ϣⲁ ⲣⲟϥ ⲉϩⲛⲁⲩ • Ⲟⲩ ⲙⲟⲛⲟⲛ ⲇⲉ ϫⲉ ⲉⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ • ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ⲉⲩⲥⲱⲧⲙ̄ ⲟⲛ\nⲉⲛ̄ϣⲁϫⲉ ⲛ ⲧⲥⲟⲫⲓⲁ • ⲛⲧⲁ ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲧⲁⲁⲥ ⲛⲁϥ • ⲕⲁⲧⲁ\nⲑⲉ ⲉⲧ ⲥⲏϩ • ϩⲱⲃ ⲛⲓⲙ ⲉ ⲡⲉⲟⲟⲩ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ • ⲉⲓⲧⲉ ⲙ̄\nⲡⲛⲁⲩ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲏⲥⲧⲉⲩⲉ • ⲉⲓⲧⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲛⲁⲩ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲱⲙ • ⲁⲩⲱ\nⲛ̄ⲥⲱ • ⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ ⲉϥⲥⲱ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡϣⲁϫⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲛ̄\nⲟⲩⲟⲉⲓϣ ⲛⲓⲙ • Ⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ ϭⲉ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲥⲛⲏⲩ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲕⲗⲏⲣⲓⲕⲟⲥ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲛⲟϭ ⲙ̄ ⲫⲓⲗⲟⲡⲟⲛⲟⲥ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲕⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ • ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲕⲏⲡⲟⲥ ⲉⲧ ϣⲟⲟⲡ ⲛⲁϥ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡϩⲓⲣ • ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲙⲟⲩⲧⲉ\nⲉ ⲣⲟϥ ϫⲉ ⲡϩⲉⲣⲙⲏⲥ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲣⲏⲥ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲡⲟⲗⲓⲥ • ⲉϥⲟⲩⲏⲛ\nⲉϫⲛ̄ ϩⲉⲛⲕⲟⲡⲣⲓⲁ • ⲙⲛ̄ ϩⲉⲛⲡⲗⲁϯⲁ ⲛ̄ ϫⲁⲓⲉ • ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ\nϫⲉ Ⲉⲓϣⲁⲛϭⲛ̄ ⲡⲉⲟⲩⲟⲉⲓϣ ϯⲛⲁⲕⲁⲑⲁⲣⲓⲍⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲕⲟⲡⲣⲓⲁ • ⲛ̄|ⲧⲁⲕⲱⲧ ⲛ̄ϩⲏⲧⲟⲩ • ⲙ̄ ⲡⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩⲣⲓⲟⲛ ⲛ̄ ⲓⲱϩⲁⲛⲛⲏⲥ ⲡⲃⲁⲡϯⲥⲧⲏⲥ • Ⲑⲉⲟⲫⲩⲗⲟⲥ ⲇⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲟⲩⲟⲉⲓϣ\nⲉⲧ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲩ ⲛϥ̄ⲁϩⲉ ⲣⲁⲧϥ̄ ⲉ ⲧⲉⲧⲣⲁⲡⲉⲍⲁ ⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ • ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ϫⲉ ⲛⲉϥⲟ ⲛ︦ⲛ︦ⲟⲧⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲛⲁϥ • Ⲁϥⲥⲱⲧⲙ̄ ⲉ\nⲡϣⲁϫⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥϫⲟⲟϥ ⲛ̄ϭⲓ ⲁⲑⲁⲛⲁⲥⲓⲟⲥ • ⲁϥⲕⲁⲁϥ ϩⲙ̄\nⲡⲉϥϩⲏⲧ • Ⲓⲟⲩⲗⲓⲁⲛⲟⲥ ⲇⲉ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲡⲉⲧ ⲥⲱⲕ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ • ⲉ ⲧⲣⲉ ϥⲃⲱⲕ ϩⲛ̄ ⲟⲩϭⲱⲛⲧ̄ ⲉ ⲧⲡⲉⲣⲥⲓⲥ • ⲁ ⲡⲉⲭⲣ︦ⲥ︦ ⲓ︦ⲥ︦\nⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲧⲁⲁϥ ⲉ ϩⲣⲁⲓ ⲉ ⲧⲟⲟⲧⲟⲩ ⲛ̄ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲣⲥⲟⲥ • ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ\nϫⲉ ⲁϥⲕⲁ ⲛⲉⲧ ⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ • ⲉⲩⲟⲧⲡ̄ ⲉ ϩⲟⲩⲛ ⲁϥⲃⲱⲕ ⲉ\nⲧⲡⲉⲣⲥⲓⲥ • Ⲡⲙⲟⲩ ⲇⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥⲙⲟⲩ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ ⲛ̄ⲉ ⲟⲩϯϩⲉ ⲡⲉ •","english":"He hid them in the baptistery, seeking a time to build a martyrium for them. He would eat a day in the garden of the fathers and the brothers, for he would constantly summon the great clergy to eat with him. These would come to his door at dawn. Not only would they eat, but they would also listen to the words of wisdom that God had given him, according to the written manner. Every matter for the glory of God, whether in the time of fasting or in the time of eating and drinking, he would eat and drink in the word of God at all times. So he would eat with the brothers, the clerics, and the great philoponoi of the church in the garden that was his in the field, which is called Hermes of the South of the city, open to some dung-heaps and some wild plates. He said, \"If I find the time, I will cleanse the dung-heaps and build from them the martyrium of John the Baptist.\" Theophilus at that time stood at the table eating, for he was not a notary for him. He heard the word that Athanasius had spoken and kept it in his heart. Julian, however, according to what drove him, to go in anger to Persia, Christ God gave him over into the hands of the Persians, because he had left the saints bound within and went to Persia. The death that he died was a certain manner.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲉⲕⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ","severity":"info","text":"The term ⲉⲕⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ here refers to the institutional church, as the context lists clerics and philoponoi within it.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ","severity":"info","text":"ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ (with the definite article) names God in this Christian text, as in the phrase 'the glory of God' and 'the word of God'.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"background","lemma":"ⲫⲓⲗⲟⲡⲟⲛⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"Philoponoi were lay associates in the Coptic church, often involved in charitable and liturgical work; their presence here underscores the communal setting.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"background","lemma":"ⲡϩⲉⲣⲙⲏⲥ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲣⲏⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The garden named 'Hermes of the South of the city' likely refers to a toponym in or near a city (perhaps Alexandria or Antioch), but the exact location is uncertain.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"external","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The narrative of Julian's death being delivered to the Persians echoes a common hagiographic trope of divine punishment for persecutors, found in other Coptic martyrdoms.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥⲙⲟⲩ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ ⲛ̄ⲉ ⲟⲩϯϩⲉ","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase 'the death that he died was a certain manner' is vague; the Coptic ⲛ̄ⲉ ⲟⲩϯϩⲉ may be corrupt or elliptical, leaving the manner of Julian's death unclear.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of 'Athanasius' (ⲁⲑⲁⲛⲁⲥⲓⲟⲥ) is ambiguous: it could refer to Athanasius of Alexandria, but the context does not confirm this.","The phrase 'he hid them in the baptistery' (ⲁϥϩⲟⲡⲟⲩ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲃⲁⲡϯⲥⲧⲏⲣⲓⲟⲛ) leaves unclear who 'them' refers to—likely the bones of John the Baptist and Elisha from the previous passage.","The garden name 'Hermes of the South of the city' (ⲡϩⲉⲣⲙⲏⲥ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲣⲏⲥ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲡⲟⲗⲓⲥ) is not otherwise attested, so its location and significance are uncertain."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":29,"ref":"p29","source":"ⲁϥⲛⲁⲩ ϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲩϣⲏ ⲉⲩⲙⲏⲏϣⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲙⲁⲧⲟⲓ ⲉⲩⲛⲏⲩ ⲉ\nϫⲱϥ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲁⲏⲣ • ⲉⲓⲥ ⲟⲩⲗⲟⲅⲭⲏ ⲇⲉ ⲁⲥⲣⲁϩⲧϥ̄\nⲉϫⲛ̄ ⲛϥ̄ϭⲗⲟⲟⲧⲉ ⲁϥⲥⲟⲩⲱⲛⲟⲩ ϫⲉ ⲛⲉⲧ ⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ ⲛⲉ • ⲁϥϫⲓ ϭⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡϥ̄ⲥⲛⲟϥ ⲁϥⲛⲟϫϥ̄ ⲉ ϩⲣⲁⲓ ⲉ ⲧⲡⲉ ⲉϥϫⲱ\nⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ϫⲓⲧϥ̄ ⲛⲁⲕ ⲓ︤ⲥ︥ ⲁⲕϥⲓ ⲡⲙⲁ ⲧⲏⲣϥ̄ • ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣ\nϥ̄|ϫⲓ ⲟⲩⲁ • ⲅⲁⲣ ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲩⲛⲟⲩ ⲁϥϩⲉ ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁ ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲣ̄\nϩⲙ̄ⲙⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϥⲗⲁⲟⲥ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁϥⲧⲟⲩϫⲟⲛ • ⲓⲉ ϩⲣⲱⲙⲁⲓⲟⲥ\nⲉ ϩⲣⲁⲓ ⲉ ⲡⲉⲩⲙⲁ • ⲃⲁⲥⲓⲗⲉⲓⲟⲥ ϭⲉ ϩⲁⲑⲏ ⲛ̄ϣⲟⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦","english":"He saw in the night a multitude of soldiers coming against him from outside the air. Then a company struck him upon his feet. He recognized them as the holy ones. He took his blood and threw it up into the sky, saying, \"Take it for yourself, Jesus. You have filled the entire place.\" At the moment he took one, immediately he fell, and God had mercy on his people and saved them. Or the Romans, up to their place. Basil, however, before the three.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲁⲏⲣ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic ⲡⲁⲏⲣ (Greek ἀήρ) means 'air' or 'atmosphere', not 'sky' (ⲧⲡⲉ). The English draft renders it as 'air', which is correct.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲧⲡⲉ","severity":"info","text":"ⲧⲡⲉ is rendered 'sky' in the English draft, but in this context it likely means 'heaven' as the abode of God, consistent with the pinned glossary term.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ϫⲓⲧϥ̄ ⲛⲁⲕ ⲓ︤ⲥ︥","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'Take it for yourself, Jesus' echoes the sacrificial language of the Eucharist and may allude to Christ's reception of the martyr's blood, though no specific verse is cited.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲃⲁⲥⲓⲗⲉⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"Basil (ⲃⲁⲥⲓⲗⲉⲓⲟⲥ) likely refers to a person, possibly a saint or local figure, but the context is unclear. The English draft leaves the name untranslated.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲛ̄ϣⲟⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic ⲛ̄ϣⲟⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ (meaning 'three') is fragmentary; the English draft renders 'before the three', but the referent is unclear—possibly three persons or a place.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage shifts from a visionary scene (soldiers, blood thrown to heaven) to a divine intervention (God has mercy) and then to a fragmentary mention of Romans and Basil, suggesting a narrative break or textual lacuna.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of 'the holy ones' (ⲛⲉⲧ ⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ) is ambiguous—they could be angels or martyrs.","The phrase 'before the three' (ϩⲁⲑⲏ ⲛ̄ϣⲟⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦) is unclear; it may refer to three persons, a place, or a time.","The relationship between the Romans and Basil is not explained in the surviving text."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲗⲁⲟⲥ","text":"ⲗⲁⲟⲥ → “people”. Greek λαός. In liturgical description it is the congregation as distinct from the clergy, i.e. the laity."},{"kind":"homonym","severity":"caution","term":"ⲗⲁⲟⲥ","text":"ⲗⲁⲟⲥ carries more than one sense (laity); this passage takes it as “people”. The choice is the translator's, not a lexical given."}]},{"i":30,"ref":"p30","source":"ⲛ̄ϩⲟⲟⲩ ⲉ ⲡⲙⲟⲩ ⲛ̄ ⲓⲟⲩⲗⲓⲁⲛⲟⲥ • ⲁϥⲛ̄ⲁⲩ ⲉⲩⲣⲁⲥⲟⲩ ϩⲙ̄\nⲡⲉϣⲧⲉⲕⲟ • ⲁϥⲛⲉϩⲥⲉ ⲇⲉ ⲁϥϫⲟⲥ ⲉ ⲡⲉϥⲥⲟⲛ ⲥⲛⲁⲩ ⲉϥϫⲱ\nⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲥ • ϫⲉ ⲁⲓⲛⲁⲩ ϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲓ ⲟⲩϣⲏ ⲉ ⲡⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩⲣⲟⲥ ⲉⲧ\nⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ ⲫⲁⲅⲓⲟ[ⲥ] ⲙⲉⲣⲕⲟⲩⲣⲓⲟⲥ • ⲉ ⲁϥⲃⲱⲕ ⲉ ϩⲟⲩⲛ ⲉ\nⲡⲉϥⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩⲣⲓⲟⲛ • ⲁϥⲧⲱⲕⲙ̄ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϥⲙⲉⲣⲉϩ ⲉϥϫⲱ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲉⲓⲛⲁⲕⲁ ⲡⲉⲓ ⲁⲛⲟⲙⲟⲥ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲓ ϩⲉ • ⲉϥϫⲓⲟⲩⲁ • ⲉ ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲡⲉ • Ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣⲉ ϥϫⲉ ⲛⲁⲓ ⲁϥⲃⲱⲕ\nⲁⲓⲗⲟ ⲉ ⲛⲁⲩ ⲉ ⲣⲟϥ • Ⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱϣⲃ̄ ⲇⲉ ⲛ̄ϭⲓ ⲡⲕⲉ ⲥⲛⲁⲩ\nϫⲉ ⲛⲁⲙⲉ ⲁⲛⲟⲛ ϩⲱⲱⲛ • ⲁⲛⲛⲁⲩ ⲉ ⲡⲉⲓ̈ ϩⲟⲣⲟⲙⲁ ⲛ̄\nϯⲙⲉⲓⲛⲉ :-Ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣ ⲟⲩⲛⲁⲩ ⲇⲉ ⲛ ⲧⲉⲓ ⲅⲛⲱⲙⲏ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁ\nⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲧⲥⲁⲃⲟⲟⲩ • ⲉ ⲣⲟⲥ • ⲁⲩⲡⲓⲥⲧⲉⲩⲉ • ⲡⲉϫⲁⲩ ⲛ̄\nⲛⲉⲩⲉⲣⲏⲩ ϫⲉ ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲛ|ϫⲟⲟⲩ ⲉ ⲡⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩⲣ[ⲓ]ⲟⲛ ⲙ̄\nⲫⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲙⲉⲣⲕⲟⲩⲣⲓⲟⲥ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲩ ϫⲉ ⲉⲣⲉ ⲡⲉϥⲙⲉⲣⲉϩ\nⲧⲟⲕⲥ̄ ⲉ ⲡⲉϥⲙⲁ ϫⲉ ⲛ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲛ • Ⲁⲩⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲟⲩ ϭⲉ ⲁⲩⲱ\nⲙ̄ⲡ ⲟⲩϭⲛ̄ⲧϥ̄ ⲁⲩⲡⲓⲥⲧⲉⲩⲉ ⲉ ⲡϩⲟⲣⲟⲙⲁ • ⲙⲛ︦ⲛ︦ⲥⲁ ϣⲟⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦\nⲇⲉ ⲛ̄ϩⲟⲟⲩ ⲁⲩⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲟⲩ ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲥϩⲁⲓ ⲉ ⲧⲁⲛϯⲟⲭⲓⲁ ϫⲉ ⲁ\nⲡⲣ̄ⲣⲟ ⲙⲟⲩ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲡⲟⲗⲩⲙⲟⲥ • Ⲧⲥⲩⲅⲕⲗⲏⲧⲟⲥ ⲇⲉ ⲧⲏⲣⲥ̄\nϩⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲯⲩⲫⲟⲥ ⲛ̄ⲧⲉ ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲁⲩⲁⲙⲁϩⲧⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲓⲟⲩⲃⲓ̈ⲁⲛⲟⲥ • ⲁⲩⲁⲁϥ ⲛ̄ ⲣ̄ⲣⲟ • ⲉ ⲡⲙⲁ ⲛ̄ ⲓⲟⲩⲗⲓ̈ⲁⲛⲟⲥ • Ⲉⲩⲣⲱⲙⲉ ⲡⲉ\nⲙ̄ ⲡⲓⲥⲧⲟⲥ • ⲛ̄ ⲣⲙ̄ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ϫⲓⲛ ⲧⲉϥⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲕⲟⲩⲓ̈ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲟϥ\nⲇⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲩⲛⲟⲩ ⲁϥⲕⲱ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲧ ⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ ⲃⲁⲥⲩⲗⲉⲓⲟⲥ • ⲡⲉⲥⲧⲩⲗⲗⲟⲥ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲙⲉ • ⲡⲕⲁⲡⲡⲁⲇⲟⲝ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲥⲛⲏⲩ • ⲁⲩⲱ ϭⲉ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉ ϥⲕⲟⲧϥ̄ ⲛ̄ϭⲓ [ⲓ]ⲟⲩⲗⲓⲁⲛⲟⲥ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲡϣⲁϫⲉ\nⲛ̄ ⲃⲁⲥⲓⲗⲉⲓⲟⲥ • ϩⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲉⲓⲣⲏⲛⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲉ ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ •","english":"The day of the death of Julianus, he saw a vision in the prison. He was troubled, and he said to his two brothers, saying, \"I saw in this night the holy martyr, the saint Mercurius, that he went into his martyrion. He drew his sword, saying, 'I will leave this lawless one in this way, blaspheming against the God of heaven.'\" And when he said these things, he went to sleep to see his end. The other two answered, saying, \"Truly we also have seen this same vision.\" When they saw this sign which God had taught them, they believed. They said to one another, \"Let us send to the martyrion of the saint Mercurius, and we will see if his sword is drawn in its place or not.\" They sent, and they did not find it. They believed in the vision. After three days, they sent letters to Antioch that the king had died in the battle. The whole senate, by a vote of God, seized Julianus and made him king in the place of Julianus. He was a faithful man, a man of God from his childhood. He himself immediately released the holy ones, Basil, the pillar of truth, the Cappadocian, and his brothers. And Julianus did not turn back according to the word of Basil, in the peace of God.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩⲣⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Greek loanword μάρτυς appears here in the hagiographical sense 'martyr', not the older forensic 'witness'.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲡⲉ","severity":"info","text":"ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲡⲉ: 'the God of heaven'. ⲧⲡⲉ is rendered 'heaven' as the abode of God, not 'sky'.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲃⲁⲥⲩⲗⲉⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"Basil the Great (c. 330–379), bishop of Caesarea, is called 'the pillar of truth' and 'the Cappadocian'. His release here aligns with hagiographic tradition of imperial persecution.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The passage shifts from a vision narrative (Mercurius drawing his sword) to a political resolution: Julianus's death, the senate's vote, and the release of Basil. The vision functions as a divine sign legitimising the succession.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲓⲟⲩⲗⲓⲁⲛⲟⲥ","severity":"caution","text":"The name ⲓⲟⲩⲗⲓⲁⲛⲟⲥ appears twice: first as the dying emperor, then as his successor. The Coptic may conflate Julian the Apostate (r. 361–363) with a later figure; the text's chronology is uncertain.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of the two 'brothers' (ⲥⲛⲁⲩ) is unspecified; they may be fellow prisoners or spiritual siblings.","The phrase 'by a vote of God' (ϩⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲯⲩⲫⲟⲥ ⲛ̄ⲧⲉ ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ) is ambiguous: it could mean a divine decree or a secular vote interpreted as providential."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[{"kind":"lacuna","severity":"caution","text":"The source is fragmentary here: the edition marks a break or an editorial bracket, and the English carries across it. Treat the bridge as supplied, not translated."}]},{"i":31,"ref":"p31","source":"ⲉⲣⲉ ⲛⲉϣⲗⲏⲗ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲃϩ̄ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲓⲛⲟϭ ⲛ̄ ⲥⲧⲣⲁⲧⲏⲗⲁⲧⲏⲥ ⲫⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ\nⲙⲉⲣⲕⲟⲩⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲛⲁⲉⲓ ⲉ ϩⲣⲁⲓ̈ ⲉ ϫⲱⲛ ⲛ̄ⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩϫⲁⲓ ϩⲓ̈ ⲟⲩⲥⲟⲡ • ϥ︦ⲑ︦ •","english":"the prayers and supplications of the great general, the holy Mercurius, will come down upon us for salvation at once.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ϣⲗⲏⲗ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic ϣⲗⲏⲗ (prayer) is paired with ⲧⲱⲃϩ (supplication), a common hagiographic doublet emphasizing intercessory prayer.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲛⲓⲛⲟϭ ⲛ̄ ⲥⲧⲣⲁⲧⲏⲗⲁⲧⲏⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The title 'great general' (ⲛⲓⲛⲟϭ ⲛ̄ ⲥⲧⲣⲁⲧⲏⲗⲁⲧⲏⲥ) reflects Mercurius’s military rank, a standard epithet in his cult.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"external","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'come down upon us for salvation at once' (ⲛⲁⲉⲓ ⲉ ϩⲣⲁⲓ̈ ⲉ ϫⲱⲛ ⲛ̄ⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩϫⲁⲓ ϩⲓ̈ ⲟⲩⲥⲟⲡ) invokes Mercurius as an intercessor whose prayers descend from heaven, a motif in Coptic martyr cults.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage concludes the vision narrative from the previous passage, shifting from Julianus’s troubled speech to a communal prayer for salvation.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"external","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"Mercurius’s title 'great general' and his role as a prayer intercessor are central to his veneration in Coptic tradition, especially in the month of Hathor.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The Coptic ⲛⲁⲉⲓ ⲉ ϩⲣⲁⲓ̈ could be read as 'will come down' (future) or 'came down' (past); the English draft takes the future sense, consistent with the preceding vision."],"confidence":"high","notes":[{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ϣⲗⲏⲗ","text":"ϣⲗⲏⲗ → “pray”. Standard rendering; first occurrence is noted here, the term recurs below."}]},{"i":32,"ref":"p32","source":"ⲈⲞⲢⲦⲎⲚ ⲦⲞⲨ ⲀⲄⲒⲞⲨ ⲘⲈⲢⲔⲞⲨⲢⲒⲞⲨ •\nⲤⲦⲢⲀⲦⲎⲖⲀⲦⲀ ⲈⲠⲀⲔⲞⲎ •\nⲆⲟⲝⲏ ⲕⲁⲓ ⲧⲏⲙⲏ (sic) ⲉⲥⲧⲉⲫⲁⲛⲟ (sic)\nⲥⲁⲥ ⲁⲩⲧⲱⲛ • ⲕⲁⲓ ⲕⲁⲧⲉⲥⲧⲏⲥⲁⲥ\nⲁⲩⲧⲟⲛ • ⲉⲡⲓ ⲡⲁⲛⲧⲁ ⲧⲁ ⲉⲣⲅⲁ\nⲗⲟ • ⲧⲟⲛ (sic) ⲭⲉⲓⲣⲱⲛ ⲥⲟⲩ ⁘ ¹\nⲈⲑⲏⲕⲁⲥ ⲉⲡⲓ ⲧⲏⲛ ⲕⲉⲫⲁⲗⲏⲛ\nⲁⲩⲧⲟⲩ ⲥⲧⲉⲫⲁⲛⲟⲛ • ⲉⲕ ⲗⲓⲑⲟⲩ\nϯⲙⲓ̈ⲟⲩ • ⲍⲱⲏⲛ ⲁⲓⲧⲏⲥⲁⲧⲱ (sic)\nⲥⲁⲓ̈ (sic) • ⲕⲁⲓ ⲉⲇⲱⲕⲉⲛ (sic) ⲁⲩⲧⲱⲛ (sic)\nⲙⲁⲕⲣⲟⲧⲏⲧⲁ ⲏⲙⲉⲣⲟⲛ (sic) • ⲉⲓⲥ ⲁⲓⲱⲛⲁ ⲧⲟⲩ\n⁘⁘²\nⲁⲛⲁⲧ ⲁⲓⲱⲛⲟⲥ ⁘ ⁖\nⲎⲗⲁⲧⲧⲱⲥⲁⲥ ⲁⲩⲧⲱⲛ (sic) • ⲃⲣⲁⲭⲩ\nⲧⲓ ⲡⲁⲣⲁ ⲛ̄ⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ (sic) • ⲇⲟⲝⲁ Ϩ (sic)•\nϯⲙⲏ ⲉⲥⲧⲉⲫⲁⲛⲱⲥⲁⲥ\nⲁⲩⲧⲱⲛ (sic) • ⲕⲁⲓ ⲕⲁⲧⲉⲥⲧⲏⲥⲁⲥ ⲁⲩⲧⲱⲛ (sic) • ⲉⲡⲓ ⲡⲁⲛ(ⲧⲁ (sic)\nⲧⲁ ⲉⲣⲅⲁ • ⲧⲱⲛ ⲭⲉⲓⲣⲟⲛ (sic) ⲥⲟⲩ •³\nⲈⲔ ⲦⲞⲨ ⲔⲀⲦⲀ\nⲗⲞⲨⲔⲀⲚ ⁘\n[Chapter xiv. 25-85]\nⲤⲩⲛⲉⲡⲟⲣⲉⲩⲟⲛⲧⲟ ⲇⲉ ⲁⲩⲧⲱ ⲟⲭⲗⲟⲓ ⲡⲟⲗⲗⲟⲓ • ⲕⲁⲓ ⲥⲧⲣⲁⲫⲉⲓⲥ\nⲉⲓ̈ⲡⲉⲛ ⲡⲣⲟⲥ ⲁⲩⲧⲟⲩⲥ • ⲉⲓ ⲧⲏⲥ\nⲉⲣⲭⲉⲧⲁⲓ ⲡⲣⲟⲥ ⲙⲉ • ⲕⲁⲓ̈ ⲟⲩ\nⲙⲏⲥⲉⲓ ⲧⲟⲛ ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲣⲁ • ⲁⲩⲧⲟⲩ •\nⲕⲁⲓ ⲙⲏⲧⲉⲣⲁ • ⲕⲁⲓ ⲧⲏⲛ ⲅⲩⲛⲁⲓⲕⲁ · ⲕⲁⲓ ⲧⲁ •ⲧⲉⲕⲛⲁ ⲕⲁⲓ ⲧⲟⲩⲥ\nⲁⲧⲉⲗⲫⲟⲩⲥ • ⲕⲁⲓ̈ ⲧⲁⲥ ⲁⲧⲉⲗⲫⲁⲥ •\nⲉⲧⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲧⲏⲛ ⲉⲁⲩⲧⲟⲩ ⲯⲩⲭⲏⲛ •\nⲠⲔⲀⲦⲀ ⲖⲞⲨⲔⲀⲤ ⁘\n[Chapter xiv. 25-35]\nⲚⲉⲩⲙⲟⲟϣⲉ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲙ̄ⲙⲁϥ ⲛ̄ϭⲓ\nϩⲉⲛⲙⲏⲏϣⲉ ⲉⲛⲁϣⲱⲟⲩ ⲁϥⲕⲟⲧϥ̄\nⲇⲉ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲁⲩ ϫⲉ ⲡⲉⲧ ⲛⲏⲩ ϣⲁ\nⲣⲟⲓ ⲛϥ̄ⲙⲟⲥⲧⲉ ⲁⲛ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϥⲉⲓⲱⲧ •\nⲙⲛ̄ ⲧϥ̄ⲙⲁⲁⲩ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲧⲉϥⲥϩⲓⲙⲉ •\nⲙⲛ̄ ⲛϥ̄ϣⲏⲣⲉ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲛⲉϥⲥⲛⲏⲩ •\nⲙⲛ̄ ⲡⲉϥⲥⲱⲛⲉ • ⲉϯ ⲇⲉ ⲧⲉϥⲕⲉⲯⲩⲭⲏ • ⲙⲛ̄ϣϭⲟⲙ ⲉ ⲧⲣϥ̄ ⲣ̄\nⲙⲁⲑⲏⲧⲏⲥ • ⲛⲁⲓ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲡⲉⲧ ⲉⲛϥ̄","english":"The honor and glory of the holy Mercurius. The general, the young man. Glory and honor, he crowned him. He set him up and established him. Over all the works of his hands. He placed a crown upon his head, of precious stone. He asked for life for him, and he gave him long days. Into the ages. Eternal life. He diminished them, a little compared to the angels. Glory and honor, he crowned him and established him. Over all the works of his hands. From the Gospel of Luke. [Chapter 14:25-35] Many crowds followed him, and turning, he said to them, \"Whoever comes to me, I do not hate his father, nor his mother, nor his wife, nor his children, nor his brothers, nor his sisters. But his own soul, he cannot make a disciple of them.\" And whoever does not...","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic ⲛ̄ⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ (with supralinear stroke) is a Greek loanword (ἄγγελος) meaning 'angel'. In this corpus it is never used for a human messenger, so the sense is celestial beings.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲙⲁⲑⲏⲧⲏⲥ","severity":"info","text":"ⲙⲁⲑⲏⲧⲏⲥ (Greek μαθητής) is rendered 'disciple' per the pinned glossary. The Coptic passage uses it in a conditional statement about making someone a disciple, echoing Gospel language.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲠⲔⲀⲦⲀ ⲖⲞⲨⲔⲀⲤ","severity":"info","text":"The passage explicitly cites the Gospel of Luke (ⲠⲔⲀⲦⲀ ⲖⲞⲨⲔⲀⲤ) and gives a chapter reference (14:25–35). The Coptic text then paraphrases Luke 14:25–35, where Jesus addresses the crowds about family and discipleship.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The passage shifts from a doxological section (honoring Mercurius with crown and glory) to a scriptural quotation from Luke. The transition is marked by the heading ⲈⲔ ⲦⲞⲨ ⲔⲀⲦⲀⲖⲞⲨⲔⲀⲚ, indicating a new structural unit.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic text contains several scribal errors or non-standard spellings (e.g., ⲥⲧⲉⲫⲁⲛⲟⲥⲁⲥ for ⲥⲧⲉⲫⲁⲛⲱⲥⲁⲥ, ⲁⲩⲧⲱⲛ for ⲁⲩⲧⲟⲛ). These may reflect phonetic spelling or copyist mistakes, but do not obscure the overall sense.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The doxological language (glory, crown, eternal life) is typical of Coptic martyrdom narratives, where the saint is depicted as receiving heavenly rewards. The mention of 'long days' and 'eternal life' aligns with hagiographic topoi of posthumous vindication.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase ⲉⲗⲁⲧⲧⲱⲥⲁⲥ ⲁⲩⲧⲱⲛ (he diminished them) is ambiguous: the antecedent of 'them' is unclear—possibly the angels or the general's works. The reading taken is that the saint's glory is slightly less than that of angels.","The Coptic ⲛ̄ⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ shows a supralinear stroke that may indicate a nasal prefix; the reading 'of the angels' is standard."],"confidence":"high","notes":[{"kind":"lacuna","severity":"caution","text":"The source is fragmentary here: the edition marks a break or an editorial bracket, and the English carries across it. Treat the bridge as supplied, not translated."},{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲙⲁⲑⲏⲧⲏⲥ","text":"ⲙⲁⲑⲏⲧⲏⲥ → “disciple”. Standard rendering; first occurrence is noted here, the term recurs below."}]},{"i":33,"ref":"p33","source":"ⲟⲩ ⲇⲩⲛⲁⲧⲁⲓ̈ ⲙⲟⲩ ⲉⲓⲛⲁⲓ̄ ⲙⲁⲑⲏⲧⲏⲥ • ⲕⲁⲓ ⲟⲥ ⲟⲩ ⲃⲁⲥⲧⲁⲍⲉⲓ ⲧⲟⲛ\nⲥⲣ︦ⲟ︦ⲛ︦ ⲁⲩⲧⲟⲩ • ⲕⲁⲓ ⲉⲣⲭⲉⲧⲁⲓ\nⲱ̄ⲡⲓ̄ⲥⲱ̄ ⲙⲟⲩ • ⲟⲩ ⲇⲩⲛⲁⲧⲁⲓ ⲙⲟⲩ\nⲉⲓⲛⲁⲓ̈ ⲙⲁⲑⲏⲧⲏⲥ • ⲧⲏⲥ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲉⲝ\nⲩⲙⲱⲛ • ⲟ ⲑⲉⲗⲟⲛ ⲡⲩⲣⲅⲟⲛ ⲟⲓⲕⲟⲇⲟⲙⲏⲥⲁⲓ • ⲟⲩⲭⲓ ⲡⲣⲱⲧⲟⲛ\nⲕⲁⲑⲓⲥⲁⲥ • ⲯⲩⲫⲩⲥⲉⲓ ⲧⲏⲛ ⲇⲁⲡⲁⲛⲏⲛ • ⲉⲓ ⲉ̄ⲭⲉⲓ ⲧⲁ • ⲉⲓⲥ ⲁⲡⲁⲣⲧⲏⲥⲙⲱⲛ • ⲓⲛⲁ ⲙⲏⲡⲟⲧⲉ | ⲧⲓⲑⲉⲛⲧⲟⲥ ⲁⲩⲧⲟⲩ ⲑⲉⲙⲉⲗⲓⲟⲛ • ⲕⲁⲓ ⲙⲏ ⲓⲥⲭⲩⲟⲛⲧⲟⲥ ⲉⲕⲧⲉⲗⲉⲥⲁⲓ̈ · ⲕⲁⲓ ⲡⲁⲛⲧⲉⲥ ⲟⲓ ⲑⲉⲱⲣⲟⲩⲛⲧⲉⲥ • ⲁⲣⲝⲱⲛⲧⲁⲓ̈ ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲍⲉⲓⲛ\nⲁⲩⲧⲟⲩ · ⲗⲉⲅⲱⲛⲧⲉⲥ • ⲟⲧⲓ̄ ⲟⲩⲧⲱⲥ ⲟ ⲁⲛ︦ⲟ︦ⲥ︦ ⲏⲣⲝⲁⲧⲟ ⲟⲓⲕⲟⲇⲟⲙⲉⲓⲛ • ⲕⲁⲓ̈ ⲟⲩⲕ ⲓⲥⲭⲩⲥⲉⲛ ⲉⲕⲧⲉⲗⲉⲥⲁⲓ̈ • ⲏ ⲧⲓⲥ ⲃⲁⲥⲓⲗⲉⲩⲟⲥ ⲡⲟⲣⲉⲩⲟⲙⲉⲛⲟⲥ ⲥⲩⲙⲃⲁⲗⲉⲓⲛ ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲱ\nⲃⲁⲥⲓⲗⲉⲓⲟⲓⲥ(sic) ⲡⲟⲗⲉ̄ⲙⲟⲛ • ⲟⲩⲭⲓ\nⲕⲁⲑⲓⲥⲁⲥ ⲡⲣⲱⲧⲟⲛ ⲃⲟⲩⲗⲉⲩ[ⲥ]ⲉⲧⲁⲓ ⲉⲓ ⲇⲩⲛⲁⲧⲟⲥ ⲉⲥⲧⲓⲛ ⲉⲛ ⲇⲉⲕⲁ\nⲭⲉⲓⲗⲓ︦ⲁ︦ⲥⲓⲛ ⲁⲡⲁⲛⲧⲏⲥⲁⲓ̈ ⲧⲱ ⲙⲉⲧⲁ ⲉⲓⲕⲟⲩⲥⲏ ⲭⲉⲓⲗⲓⲁⲧⲟⲛ • ⲉⲣⲭⲱⲙⲉⲛⲱ ⲉⲡ ⲁⲩⲧⲱⲛ • ⲁⲓ̈ ⲇⲉ\nⲙⲓ ⲅⲉ ⲉϯ ⲡⲟⲣⲣⲱ ⲁⲩⲧⲟⲩ ⲟⲛⲧⲟⲥ • ⲡⲣⲉⲥⲃⲉⲓⲁⲛ • ⲁⲡⲟⲥⲧⲉⲓⲗⲁⲥ • ⲉ̄ⲣⲱⲧⲁ ⲧⲁ ⲡⲣⲟⲥ ⲟⲓⲣⲏⲛⲏ • ⲟⲩⲧⲱⲥ\nⲟⲩⲛ ⲡⲁⲥ ⲉⲝ ⲩⲙⲱⲛ ⲟⲥ ⲟⲩⲕ\nⲁⲡⲟⲧⲁⲥⲥⲉⲧⲁⲓ ⲡⲁⲥⲏ ⲧⲟⲓⲥ ⲉⲁⲩ‐|\nⲧⲟⲩ ⲩⲡⲁⲣⲭⲟⲩⲥⲓⲛ • ⲟⲩ ⲇⲩⲛⲁⲧⲁⲓ ⲙⲟⲩ ⲉⲓⲛⲁⲓ ⲙⲁⲑⲏⲧⲏⲥ • ⲕⲁⲗⲱⲛ ⲧⲟ⸍ ̇ ⲁ⸍ⲗⲁⲥ • ⲉ̄ⲁⲛ ⲇⲉ ⲧⲱ\nⲁ⸍ⲗⲁⲥ ⲙⲱⲣⲁ̄ⲛⲑⲏ ⲉⲛ ϯⲛⲏ ⲁⲣϯⲥⲑⲏⲥⲉⲧⲁⲓ • ⲟⲩⲇⲉ ⲉⲓⲥ ⲅⲏⲛ • ⲟⲩⲇⲉ ⲉⲓⲥ ⲕⲟⲡⲣⲓⲁⲛ • ⲉⲩ⸍ⲑⲉⲧⲱⲛ\nⲉⲥⲧⲓⲛ ⲉ⸍ⲝⲱ • ⲃⲁⲗⲗⲟⲩⲥⲓⲛ • ⲁⲩⲧⲱ • ⲟ ⲉ⸍ⲭⲱⲛ • ⲱ⸍ⲧⲁ ⲁⲕⲟⲩⲉⲓⲛ\nⲁⲕⲟⲩⲉⲧⲱ⁘⁘⁘⁘ ⲛⲁϥⲓ ⲁⲛ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϥⲥ⳨ⲟ︦ⲥ︦ ⲛϥⲟⲩⲁϩϥ̄\nⲛ̄ⲥⲱⲓ • ⲙⲛ̄ϣϭⲟⲙ • ⲉ ⲧⲣⲉ\nϥϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲛⲁⲓ • ⲙ̄ ⲙⲁⲑⲏⲧⲏⲥ • ⲛⲓⲙ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲙ̄ⲙⲱⲧⲛ̄ ⲉϥⲟⲩⲉϣ ⲕⲉⲧ\nⲟⲩⲡⲩⲣⲅⲟⲥ • ⲙⲏ ⲛϥ̄ⲛⲁϩⲙⲟⲟⲥ\nⲁⲛ ⲛ̄ ϣⲟⲣ︦ⲛ︦ ⲛϥ̄ϥⲓ ⲡⲱⲡ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉϥⲇⲁⲡⲁⲛⲏ •","english":"A powerful one of my true disciple. And as one bears the crown, they set him up. And he comes to my hope, a powerful one of my true disciple. For of the hymn, the one wishing to build a tower, first he sits down, he calculates the expense, if he has the completion, lest the foundation of it be weak and not able to finish. And all those who see begin to mock him, saying, \"Truly the mindless one began to build and is not able to finish.\" Or a king going to war against another kingdom, first he sits down, he deliberates if he is strong enough to meet with ten thousand against twenty thousand, coming upon them. But indeed, far from them truly, an embassy, having sent, to ask for peace. Truly then, all of the hymn, he does not renounce all that they have. A powerful one of my true disciple, well the Athlas. But if the Athlas is defiled in the river, art will be lost, neither to the earth, nor to the dung heap, they throw it out. It is outside, they throw it. The ruler, hear, listen. Take up his cross, let him follow me, without strength, that he might become a disciple to me. For which of you wishes to build a tower? Does he not first sit down, take up the cost of his expense?","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲙⲁⲑⲏⲧⲏⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Greek loanword ⲙⲁⲑⲏⲧⲏⲥ (mathētēs) is rendered 'disciple' per the pinned glossary. It appears repeatedly in this passage, linking the speaker's self-designation to the apostolic or monastic ideal of discipleship.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"external","lemma":"ⲁⲑⲗⲁⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The term ⲁⲑⲗⲁⲥ (Athlas) likely refers to a precious stone (perhaps a type of jasper or a legendary gem) known in late antique lapidaries. The passage contrasts its value with the loss of art if it is defiled, echoing moral or allegorical interpretations of gem lore.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"parallel","kind":"parallel","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲩⲣⲅⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The image of building a tower (ⲡⲩⲣⲅⲟⲥ) and calculating expenses recalls the parable of the tower builder in the Sayings of the Desert Fathers (Apophthegmata Patrum), where careful foundation-laying is a metaphor for spiritual discipline.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲟⲩ ⲇⲩⲛⲁⲧⲁⲓ̈ ⲙⲟⲩ ⲉⲓⲛⲁⲓ̄ ⲙⲁⲑⲏⲧⲏⲥ","severity":"caution","text":"The repeated phrase 'a powerful one of my true disciple' is syntactically ambiguous: it may mean 'a powerful one (who is) my true disciple' or 'a powerful one of my true disciple (i.e., belonging to the disciple).' The Coptic genitive ⲙⲟⲩ does not resolve the referent.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The passage shifts abruptly from a first-person discourse (the speaker as 'I') to a series of analogies (tower-builder, king at war, defiled gem) and back to a direct exhortation ('Take up his cross...'). This suggests a homiletic or catechetical insertion within the martyrdom narrative.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"external","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The mention of 'taking up his cross' and becoming a disciple echoes the ascetic ideal of imitatio Christi, common in Coptic hagiography. The passage may have been used in monastic readings to reinforce obedience and perseverance.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":["Budge 1915"],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of the speaker ('I') is not explicit; it may be Christ, the saint, or a divine voice.","The phrase 'ⲟⲩ ⲇⲩⲛⲁⲧⲁⲓ̈ ⲙⲟⲩ ⲉⲓⲛⲁⲓ̄ ⲙⲁⲑⲏⲧⲏⲥ' is grammatically ambiguous as to whether ⲙⲟⲩ is a possessive or a genitive of quality.","The term ⲁⲑⲗⲁⲥ may be a proper name (Athlas) or a common noun for a gem; the context favors the latter but is not decisive."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[{"kind":"lacuna","severity":"caution","text":"The source is fragmentary here: the edition marks a break or an editorial bracket, and the English carries across it. Treat the bridge as supplied, not translated."}]},{"i":34,"ref":"p34","source":"ϫⲉ ⲕⲁⲥ ⲛ̄ⲛⲉϥⲥⲙⲛ̄\nⲥⲉⲛⲧⲉ ⲛϥ̄ⲧⲙ̄ ⲉϣϭⲙ̄ϭⲟⲙ | ⲉ\nϫⲟⲕϥ̄ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲉ ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲛⲓⲙ\nⲉⲧ ⲛⲁⲩ ⲉ ⲣⲟϥ ⲥⲱⲃⲉ ⲛ̄ⲥⲱϥ\nⲉⲩϫⲱ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲁ ⲡⲉⲓ ⲣⲱⲙⲉ\nⲁⲣⲭⲏ ⲛ̄ ⲕⲱⲧ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉ ϥⲉϣϭⲙ̄ϭⲟⲙ ⲉ ϫⲟⲕϥ̄ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ⲏ\nⲛⲓⲙ ⲛ̄ ⲉⲣ̄ⲣⲟ ⲉϥⲛⲁⲃⲱⲕ ⲉ ⲙⲓϣⲉ\nⲙⲛ̄ ⲕⲉ ⲣ︤̄ⲣⲟ • ⲙⲏ ⲛϥ̄ⲛⲁϩⲙⲟⲥ\nⲁⲛ ⲉⲛ ϣⲟⲣⲡ̄ ⲛϥ̄ϫⲓ ϣⲟϫⲛⲉ ϫⲉ\nⲉⲛⲉ ⲟⲩⲛ̄ϭⲟⲙ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ ⲉ ⲧⲱⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦\nϩⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲧⲃⲁ ⲉ ⲡⲉⲧ ⲛⲏⲩ ⲉ ϫⲱϥ\nϩⲛ̄ⲧⲃⲁ ⲥⲛⲁⲩ • ⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ ϫⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲛ • ⲉⲧⲓ̄ ⲉϥⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩⲉ ϥⲛⲁϫⲟⲟⲩ\nⲛ̄ ϩⲉⲛⲃⲁⲓϣⲓⲛⲉ ⲉϥⲥⲟⲡⲥⲡ̄ ϫⲉ ⲁⲣⲓ\nⲟⲓⲣⲏⲛⲏ • ⲧⲁⲓ ϭⲉ ⲧⲉ ⲑⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲟⲛ\nⲡⲓⲙ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ⲛ̄ϩⲏⲧ ⲧⲏⲩⲧⲛ̄ • ⲉⲛⲉϥⲛⲁⲁⲡⲟⲧⲁⲥⲥⲉ ⲁⲛ • ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉϥϩⲩⲡⲁⲣⲭⲱⲛⲧⲁ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ • ⲙⲛ̄ϣϭⲟⲙ\nⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ | ⲉ ⲧⲣⲉ ϥϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲛⲁⲓ ⲙ̄\nⲙⲁⲑⲏⲧⲏⲥ · ⲡⲁⲛⲟⲩ ⲡⲉϩⲙⲟⲩ\nⲉⲣϣⲁⲛ ⲡⲉϩⲙⲟⲩ ⲇⲉ ⲃⲁⲁⲃⲉ • ⲉⲩⲛⲁⲙⲟⲗϩϥ̄ ⲟⲛ̄ ⲟⲩ • ⲙⲉϥⲣ̄\nϣⲁⲩ ⲉ ⲡⲕⲁϩ ⲟⲩⲇⲉ ⲉ ⲧⲕⲟⲡⲣⲓⲁ\nⲉϣⲁⲩⲛⲟϫϥ̄ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ⲡⲉⲧⲉ ⲟⲩⲛ̄ⲧϥ̄ ⲙⲁⲁϫⲉ ⲉ ⲥⲱⲧⲙ̄ ⲙⲁⲣϥ̄ⲥⲱⲧⲙ̄","english":"so that he does not lay a foundation and then be unable to complete it. For anyone who sees its foundation mocks him, saying, \"This man began to build, but he was unable to complete it.\" Or what king, when about to go to war with another king, does he not first sit down and take counsel, whether he has the strength to stand firm with one hand against what comes against him with two hands? If not, he sends ambassadors beseeching, \"Make peace.\" So it is with anyone among you who is not willing to renounce all his possessions; he is unable to become a disciple for me. Good is the salt; but if the salt becomes insipid, they throw it away; it is of no use for the ground or for the dunghill, they cast it out. He who has ears to hear, let him hear.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"sense","kind":"sense","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The passage continues the extended metaphor of building a tower, comparing the disciple's preparation to a king's military planning. The final image of salt that becomes insipid and is discarded reinforces the necessity of total renunciation.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲙⲁⲑⲏⲧⲏⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Greek loanword ⲙⲁⲑⲏⲧⲏⲥ (mathētēs) is rendered 'disciple' per the pinned glossary. Here it appears in the phrase 'ⲙⲁⲑⲏⲧⲏⲥ · ⲡⲁⲛⲟⲩ ⲡⲉϩⲙⲟⲩ' (disciple for me; good is the salt), linking the disciple's renunciation to the salt metaphor.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲉⲧⲉ ⲟⲩⲛ̄ⲧϥ̄ ⲙⲁⲁϫⲉ ⲉ ⲥⲱⲧⲙ̄","severity":"info","text":"The closing phrase 'He who has ears to hear, let him hear' echoes a biblical formula (cf. Matt 11:15, 13:9, Mark 4:23, Luke 8:8, though not verbatim). It functions as a hortatory conclusion to the discourse.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲉϩⲙⲟⲩ","severity":"info","text":"The salt metaphor (ⲡⲉϩⲙⲟⲩ, 'the salt') draws on common ancient knowledge: salt that becomes insipid (ⲃⲁⲁⲃⲉ) is useless for preserving or seasoning and is discarded. This illustrates the disciple's need for enduring spiritual 'saltiness' (zeal).","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The passage is a continuous speech (attributed to the saint or Christ) using three analogies: building a tower, a king's war counsel, and salt. Each analogy ends with a direct application to the audience ('anyone among you').","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲛ̄ⲧⲉ ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲛⲓⲙ","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic phrase 'ⲛ̄ⲧⲉ ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲛⲓⲙ' (for anyone) is ambiguous: it could mean 'anyone who sees its foundation' or 'anyone who sees him'. The English draft takes the former, but the Coptic 'ⲉ ⲣⲟϥ' (its foundation) supports the reading 'its foundation'.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase 'ⲉ ⲣⲟϥ' (its foundation) is ambiguous: it could refer to the tower's foundation or to the man's foundation (i.e., his plan). The English draft takes it as the tower's foundation.","The salt metaphor's application is implicit: the 'insipid salt' likely represents a disciple who loses zeal, but the text does not explicitly state the parallel."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":35,"ref":"p35","source":"ⲬⲞⲒⲀⲔ Ⲕ︦Ⲑ︦ ⲈⲞⲢⲦⲎⲤ\nⲄⲈⲚⲚⲎⲤⲈⲰⲤ ⲦⲞⲨ ⲤⲎⲢⲞ︦Ⲥ︦ ⲎⲘⲰⲚ Ⲓ︦Ⲧ︦ ⲬⲢⲒⲤⲦⲞⲨ ⁘ ⲈⲔ ⲦⲞⲨ ⲔⲀⲦⲀ\nⲘⲀⲐⲐⲀⲒⲞⲨ ⁘ [Chapter ii. 1-12]\nⲦⲟⲩ ⲇⲉ ⲓ︦ⲩ︦ • ⲅⲉⲛⲛⲏⲑⲉⲛⲧⲟⲥ ⲉⲛ\nⲃⲏⲑⲗⲉⲉⲙ · ⲧⲏⲥ ⲓⲟⲩⲇⲁⲓⲁⲥ • ⲉⲛ\nⲏⲙⲉⲣⲁⲓⲥ ⲏⲣⲱⲇⲟⲩ ⲧⲟⲩ ⲃⲁⲥⲓⲗⲉⲩⲱⲥ • ⲓⲇⲟⲩ ⲙⲁⲅⲟⲓ̈ ⲁⲡⲟ ⲁⲛⲁⲧⲟⲗⲱⲡ ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲅⲉⲛⲟⲛⲧⲟ ⲉⲓⲥ ⲓⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲟⲗⲏⲙⲁ ⲗⲉⲅⲱⲛⲧⲉⲥ • ⲡⲟⲩ ⲉⲥⲧⲓⲛ ⲟ ⲧⲉⲭⲑⲏⲥ ⲃⲁⲥⲓⲗⲉⲩⲥ ⲧⲱⲛ\nⲓⲟⲩⲇⲁⲓⲱⲛ • ⲓⲇⲱⲙⲉⲛ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲁⲩⲧⲟⲩⲧⲟⲛ ⲁⲥⲧⲉⲣⲁⲉⲛ ⲧⲏ ⲁⲛⲁⲧⲟⲗⲏ • ⲕⲁⲓ̈ ⲏⲗⲑⲁⲙⲉⲛ ⲡⲣⲟⲥⲕⲩⲛⲏⲥⲁⲓ̈\nⲁⲩⲧⲱ • ⲁⲕⲟⲩⲥⲁⲥ ⲇⲉ ⲟ ⲃⲁⲥⲓ̈‐ |\nⲗⲉⲩⲟⲥ ⲏⲣⲱⲇⲟⲩ ⲉⲧⲁⲣⲁⲭⲑⲏ\nⲗⲓⲁ̄ⲛ · ⲕⲁⲓ ⲡⲁⲥⲁ ⲓⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲟⲗⲏⲙⲁ\nⲙⲉⲧ ⲁⲩⲧⲟⲩ • ⲕⲁⲓ ⲥⲩⲛⲁⲅⲁⲅⲱⲛ\nⲡⲁⲛⲧⲁⲥ • ⲧⲟⲩⲥ ⲁⲣⲭⲓⲉⲣⲉⲓⲥ ⲕⲁⲓ\nⲅⲣⲁⲙⲙⲁⲧⲉⲓⲥⲧⲟⲩⲗⲁⲟⲩ • ⲉⲡⲩⲛⲑⲁⲛⲉⲧⲟ ⲡⲁⲣ ⲁⲩⲧⲱⲛ • ⲛⲟⲩ • ⲟ ⲭ︦ⲥ︦\nⲅⲉⲛⲛⲁⲧⲁⲓ • ⲟⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲉⲓⲛⲁⲛ ⲁⲩⲧⲱ\nⲉⲛ ⲃⲏⲑⲗⲉⲉⲙ ⲧⲏⲥ ⲓⲟⲩⲇⲁⲓⲁⲥ • ⲟⲩⲧⲱⲥ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲅⲉⲅⲣⲁⲡⲧⲁⲓ̈ ⲇⲓⲁ ⲧⲟⲩ\nⲡⲣⲟⲫⲏⲧⲟⲩ • ⲕⲁⲓ ⲥⲩ ⲃⲏⲑⲗⲉⲉⲙ\nⲅⲏ ⲓⲟⲩⲇⲁ • ⲟⲩⲇⲁⲙⲱⲥ ⲉⲗⲁⲭⲓⲥⲧⲏ ⲟⲓ ⲉⲛ ⲧⲏⲥ ⲏⲅⲉⲙⲱⲥⲓⲛ\nⲓⲟⲩⲇⲁ • ⲉⲕ ⲥⲟⲩ ⲅⲁⲣ • ⲉⲝⲉⲖⲉⲩⲧⲁⲓ • ⲏⲅⲟⲩⲙⲉⲛⲟⲛ • ⲟⲥⲧⲓⲥ\nⲡⲟⲓⲙⲁⲛⲉⲓ ⲧⲟⲛ ⲗⲁⲟⲛ ⲙⲟⲩ ⲧⲱⲛ\nⲓ︦ⲏ︦ⲗ︦ • ⲧⲟⲧⲉ ⲏⲣⲱⲇⲟⲩⲥ ⲗⲁⲑⲣⲁ • ⲕⲁⲗⲉⲥⲁⲥ ⲧⲟⲩⲥ ⲙⲁⲅⲟⲩⲥ · ⲏⲕⲣⲓⲃⲱⲥⲉⲛ • ⲡⲁⲣ ⲁⲩⲧⲟⲛ ⲧⲟⲛ ⲭⲣⲟⲛⲟⲛ • ⲧⲟⲛ ⲫⲁⲓⲛⲟⲙⲉⲛⲟⲩ ⲁⲥⲧⲉⲣⲟⲥ • ⲕⲁⲓ ⲡⲉⲙⲯⲁⲓ • ⲁⲩⲧⲟⲩⲥ\nⲉⲓⲥ ⲃⲏⲑⲗⲉⲉⲙ • ⲉⲓⲡⲉⲛ ⲡⲟⲣⲉⲩⲑⲉⲛⲧⲉⲥ ⲉⲝⲉⲧⲁⲥⲁⲧⲉ ⲁⲕⲣⲓⲃⲱⲥ\nⲬⲞⲒⲀⲔ Ⲕ︦Ⲑ︦ ⲠϢⲀ Ⲙ̄\nⲠⲈⲚ ⲤⲰⲦⲎⲢ Ⲓ︦Ⲥ︦ ⲠⲈⲬⲢ︦Ⲥ︦\nⲠⲔⲀⲦⲀ ⲘⲀⲐⲐⲀⲒⲞⲤ ⁖[Chapter ii. 1-12]\nⲠⲉⲛ ϫⲥ̄ ⲇⲉ ⲓ︦ⲥ︦ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣ ⲟⲩϫⲡⲟϥ\nϩⲣⲁⲓϩⲛ̄ ⲃⲏⲑⲗⲉⲉⲙⲛ̄ⲧⲉ ϯⲟⲩⲇⲁⲓⲁ• ϩⲛ̄ ⲛⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ ⲛ̄ ϩⲏⲣⲱⲇⲏⲥ ⲡⲣ̄ⲣⲟ •","english":"Choiak 29. Feast of the Birth of our Lord Jesus Christ. According to Matthew [Chapter 2:1-12]. Now our Lord Jesus Christ was born in Bethlehem of Judea, in the days of Herod the king. Behold, magi from the east came to Jerusalem saying, \"Where is the king of the Jews who has been born? For we have seen his star in the east, and we have come to worship him.\" But when King Herod heard this, he was greatly troubled, and all Jerusalem with him. And gathering together all the chief priests and scribes of the people, he inquired of them, \"Where is the Christ to be born?\" They answered him, \"In Bethlehem of Judea, for thus it is written by the prophet: 'And you, Bethlehem of the land of Judea, are the least among the provinces of Judea, for from you shall come forth the ruler who will shepherd the people of Israel.'\" Then Herod secretly called the magi and questioned them precisely about the time of the appearing star, and sent them to Bethlehem, saying, \"Go and examine carefully.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲬⲞⲒⲀⲔ Ⲕ︦Ⲑ︦","severity":"info","text":"The heading 'Choiak 29' marks the feast date in the Coptic calendar, corresponding to 25 December in the Julian calendar, and introduces a lectionary reading for the Nativity.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲬⲢⲒⲤⲦⲞⲨ ⁘ ⲈⲔ ⲦⲞⲨ ⲔⲀⲦⲀ ⲘⲀⲐⲐⲀⲒⲞⲨ ⁘ [Chapter ii. 1-12]","severity":"info","text":"The passage explicitly cites Matthew 2:1–12, the Gospel account of the Magi and the Star of Bethlehem, which is here adapted into a hagiographic context.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲃⲏⲑⲗⲉⲉⲙ","severity":"info","text":"Bethlehem is rendered as ⲃⲏⲑⲗⲉⲉⲙ, a direct borrowing from Greek Βηθλεέμ, and is glossed as 'Bethlehem' in the pinned terms.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲏⲣⲱⲇⲟⲩ","severity":"info","text":"Herod the Great, king of Judea at the time of Jesus' birth, is a historical figure whose reign (37–4 BCE) provides the chronological setting for the Nativity narrative.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲬⲞⲒⲀⲔ Ⲕ︦Ⲑ︦ ⲠϢⲀ Ⲙ̄ ⲠⲈⲚ ⲤⲰⲦⲎⲢ Ⲓ︦Ⲥ︦ ⲠⲈⲬⲢ︦Ⲥ︦","severity":"info","text":"The repeated heading 'Choiak 29. Feast of the Birth of our Lord Jesus Christ' indicates this passage was read liturgically in the Coptic Church for the Nativity feast, embedding the Gospel within a hagiographic manuscript.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲬⲞⲒⲀⲔ Ⲕ︦Ⲑ︦ ⲈⲞⲢⲦⲎⲤ","severity":"caution","text":"The initial heading 'ⲬⲞⲒⲀⲔ Ⲕ︦Ⲑ︦ ⲈⲞⲢⲦⲎⲤ' is partially corrupt; 'ⲈⲞⲢⲦⲎⲤ' likely represents Greek ἑορτῆς ('feast'), but the Coptic text shows orthographic variation, possibly from scribal error or dialectal influence.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The Coptic text alternates between Greek and Coptic script (e.g., ⲬⲞⲒⲀⲔ vs. ⲬⲞⲒⲀⲔ), reflecting a bilingual scribal practice; the exact source of the lectionary insertion within the Martyrdom of Mercurius is unclear.","The phrase 'ⲠϢⲀ Ⲙ̄' in the second heading is obscure; it may be a scribal abbreviation or corruption, possibly for 'ⲡϣⲁ ⲙ̄' ('the feast of'), but the reading is uncertain."],"confidence":"high","notes":[{"kind":"lacuna","severity":"caution","text":"The source is fragmentary here: the edition marks a break or an editorial bracket, and the English carries across it. Treat the bridge as supplied, not translated."},{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲃⲏⲑⲗⲉⲉⲙ","text":"ⲃⲏⲑⲗⲉⲉⲙ → “Bethlehem”. Standard rendering; first occurrence is noted here, the term recurs below."}]},{"i":36,"ref":"p36","source":"ⲉⲓⲥ ϩⲉⲛⲙⲁⲅⲟⲥ ⲁⲩⲉⲓ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲛ̄\nⲙ̄ ⲙⲁ ⲛ̄ ϣⲁ ⲉ ϩⲣⲁⲓ̈ ⲉ ⲑⲓⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲗⲏⲙ ⲉⲩϫⲱ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲥ • ϫⲉ ⲉϥⲧⲱⲛ ⲡⲣ̄ⲣⲟ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩϫⲡⲟϥ • ⲁⲛⲛⲁⲩ\nⲅⲁⲣ ⲉ ⲡⲉϥⲥⲓⲟⲩ ϩⲛ̄ ⲙ̄ ⲙⲁ ⲛ̄\nϣⲁ • ⲁⲛⲉⲓ̈ ⲉ ⲟⲩⲱϣⲧ̄ ⲛⲁϥ • ⲁϥⲥⲱⲧⲙ̄ ⲇⲉ ⲛ̄ϭⲓ ϩⲏⲣⲱⲇⲏⲥ ⲡⲣ̄ⲣⲟ\nⲁϥ|ϣⲧⲟⲣⲧⲣ̄ ⲉⲙⲁⲧⲉ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲑⲓⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲟⲗⲩⲙⲁ ⲧⲏⲣϥ̄ ⲛⲙ̄ⲙⲁϥ • ⲁϥⲥⲱⲟⲩϩ ⲉ ϩⲟⲩⲛ • ⲛ̄ ⲛⲁⲣⲭⲓⲉⲣⲉⲩⲥ\nⲙⲛ̄ ⲛⲉ ⲅⲣⲁⲙⲙⲁⲧⲉⲩⲥ • ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ\nⲙ̄ ⲡⲗⲁⲟⲥ • ⲁϥϣⲓⲛⲉ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲓ\nⲧⲟⲟⲧⲟⲩ • ϫⲉ ⲉⲩⲛⲁϫⲡⲟ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉ\nⲭⲣ︦ⲥ︦ ⲧⲱⲛ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲟⲩ ⲇⲉ ⲡⲉϫⲁⲩ\nⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ϩⲣⲁⲓ ϩⲛ̄ ⲃⲏⲑⲗⲉⲉⲙ ⲛ̄ⲧⲉ\nⲇⲓⲟⲩⲇⲁⲓⲁ (sic) ϥⲥⲏϩ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲓ\nⲟⲉ ϩⲓⲧⲛ̄ ⲡⲉⲡⲣⲟⲫⲏⲧⲏⲥ ⲉϥϫⲱ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ ϩⲱⲱⲧⲉ ⲃⲏⲑⲗⲉⲉⲙ\nⲡⲕⲁϩ • ⲛ̄ ⲓⲟⲩⲇⲁ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲉ ϫⲟⲗϩ̄\nⲁⲛ̄ ϩⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ϩⲏⲅⲉⲙⲱⲛ ⲛ̄ ⲓⲟⲩⲇⲁ • ϥⲛⲏⲩ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ⲛ̄ ϩⲏⲧⲉ ⲛ̄ϭⲓ\nⲟⲩϩⲏⲅⲟⲩⲙⲉⲛⲟⲥ ⲡⲁⲓ ⲉⲧ ⲛⲁⲙⲟⲟⲛⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲁ ⲗⲁⲟⲥ ⲡⲓⲥⲣⲁⲏⲗ ⁘ Ⲧⲟⲧⲉ ϩⲏⲣⲱⲇⲏⲥ • ⲁϥⲙⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲅⲟⲥ ⲛ̄ϫⲓⲟⲩⲉ • ⲁϥϣⲓⲛⲉ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ\nⲟⲓ ⲧⲟⲟⲧⲟⲩ ⲛ̄ⲥⲁ ⲡⲉⲟⲩⲟⲉⲓϣ ⲙ̄\nⲡⲥⲓⲟⲩ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲛϩ̄ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ⲁⲩⲱ\nⲁϥϫⲟⲟⲩ ⲥⲟⲩ ⲉ ϩⲣⲁⲓ ⲉ ⲃⲏⲑⲗⲉⲉⲙ\nⲉϥϫⲱ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲥ • ϫⲉ ⲃⲱⲕ ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϣⲓⲛⲉ ϩⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲱⲣϫ̄ ⲉ ⲧⲃⲉ ⲡϣⲏⲣⲉ","english":"Behold, magi came from the east to Jerusalem, saying, \"Where is the king who has been born? For we have seen his star in the east, and we have come to worship him.\" But when Herod the king heard this, he was greatly troubled, and all Jerusalem with him. He gathered together all the chief priests and the scribes of the people, and inquired of them, \"Where will the Christ be born?\" And they said to him, \"In Bethlehem of Judea, for it is written by the prophet, saying, 'And you, Bethlehem, land of Judah, are not among the governors of Judah, for a governor is coming forth from you, who will rule my people Israel.'\" Then Herod called the magi secretly, and inquired of them about the time when the star appeared, and he sent them to Bethlehem, saying, \"Go, search carefully for the child.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲙⲁⲅⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The plural ⲙⲁⲅⲟⲥ here refers to the visitors from the east in the Nativity narrative, not sorcerers. The Coptic uses the same word for both senses.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲃⲏⲑⲗⲉⲉⲙ","severity":"info","text":"The passage quotes a prophecy attributed to Micah (Mic 5:2) but with a free paraphrase: 'And you, Bethlehem, land of Judah, are not among the governors of Judah, for a governor is coming forth from you, who will rule my people Israel.'","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ϩⲏⲣⲱⲇⲏⲥ","severity":"info","text":"Herod the Great is the historical king of Judea (r. 37–4 BCE). The narrative follows Matthew 2:1–12 but adds a secret consultation with the magi and a command to search for the child.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁϥⲥⲱⲟⲩϩ ⲉ ϩⲟⲩⲛ","severity":"info","text":"The passage shifts from the magi's arrival to Herod's reaction, then to his gathering of chief priests and scribes, and finally to a private interview with the magi, creating a three-part narrative movement.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲗⲁⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The term ⲡⲗⲁⲟⲥ (Greek λαός) here means 'the people' of Jerusalem, not the liturgical laity. In Coptic hagiography, it often denotes the Jewish populace in biblical retellings.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The Coptic ⲛ̄ϫⲓⲟⲩⲉ (from ϫⲓⲟⲩⲉ 'to steal') is ambiguous: it may mean 'secretly' or 'by stealth', as in the English draft, but the exact nuance is uncertain.","The phrase ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ ϩⲱⲱⲧⲉ ⲃⲏⲑⲗⲉⲉⲙ ⲡⲕⲁϩ • ⲛ̄ ⲓⲟⲩⲇⲁ is a free rendering of Micah 5:2; the Coptic text may have a scribal error or intentional adaptation."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":37,"ref":"p37","source":"ⲡⲉⲣⲓ ⲧⲟⲩ ⲡⲁⲓⲇⲓⲟⲩ • | ⲉⲡⲁⲛ ⲇⲉ\nⲉⲩⲣⲏⲧⲉ • ⲁⲡⲁⲅⲅⲉⲓⲗⲁⲧⲉ̄ ⲙⲟⲓ\nⲟ̄ⲡⲱⲥ ⲕⲁⲅⲱ ⲉⲗⲑⲱⲛ ⲡⲣⲟⲥⲕⲩⲛⲏⲥⲱ • ⲁⲩⲧⲱ • ⲟⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲁⲕⲟⲩⲥⲁⲛⲧⲉⲥ • ⲡⲁⲣⲁ ⲧⲟⲩ ⲃⲁⲥⲓⲗⲉⲩⲥ • ⲉⲡⲟⲣⲉⲩⲑⲏⲥⲁⲛ • ⲕⲁⲓ ⲓⲇⲟⲩ ⲁⲥⲧⲏⲣ • ⲟⲛ ⲓⲇⲟⲛ ⲉⲛ¹ ⲧⲏ ⲁⲛⲁⲧⲟⲗⲏ ⲡⲣⲟⲏⲅⲉⲛ ⲁⲩⲧⲟⲩⲥ • ⲉⲱⲥ\nⲟⲩ (sic) ⲉⲗⲑⲱⲛ ⲉⲥⲧⲁⲑⲏ ⲉⲡⲁ̄ⲛⲱ • ⲟⲡⲟⲩ ⲏⲛ • ⲧⲟ ⲡⲁⲓⲇⲓⲟⲛ • ⲓⲇⲟⲛⲧⲉⲥ ⲇⲉ ⲧⲟⲛ ⲁⲥⲧⲉⲣⲁ • ⲉⲭⲁⲣⲏⲥⲁⲛ ⲭⲁⲣⲁⲛ ⲙⲉⲅⲁⲗⲩⲛ • ⲥⲫⲟⲇⲣⲁ • ⲕⲁⲓ ⲉⲗⲑⲱⲛⲧⲉⲥ ⲇⲉ ⲉⲓⲥ\nⲧⲏⲛ ⲟⲓ̈ⲕⲓⲁⲛ • ⲓⲇⲟⲛ ⲧⲟ ⲡⲁⲓⲇⲓⲟⲛ\nⲙⲉⲧⲁ ⲙⲁⲣⲓⲁⲥ • ⲧⲏⲥ ⲙⲏⲧⲣⲟⲥ\nⲁⲩⲧⲟⲩ • ⲕⲁⲓ ⲡⲉⲥⲟⲛⲧⲉⲥ ⲡⲣⲟⲥⲉⲕⲩⲛⲏⲥⲁⲛ ⲁⲩⲧⲱ ⲕⲁⲓ ⲁⲡⲟⲓⲝⲁⲛⲧⲉⲥ • ⲧⲟⲩⲥ ⲑⲏⲥⲁⲩⲣⲟⲩⲥ ⲁⲩⲧⲱⲛ ⲡⲣⲟⲥⲏⲛⲉⲅⲕⲁⲛ ⲁⲩⲧⲱ ⲇⲱⲣⲁ ⲭⲣⲩⲥⲟⲛ ⲕⲁⲓ ⲗⲓⲃⲁⲛⲟⲛ ⲕⲁⲓ ⲥⲙⲩⲣⲛⲁⲛ • ⲕⲁⲓ ⲭⲣⲏⲙⲁⲧⲓⲥⲑⲉⲛⲧⲉⲥ\nⲕⲁⲧ ⲟⲛⲁⲣ • ⲙⲏ ⲁⲛⲁⲕⲁⲓⲯⲁⲓ\nⲡⲣⲟⲥ ⲏⲣⲱⲇⲏⲛ • ⲇⲓ ⲁⲗⲗⲏⲥ\nⲟⲇⲟⲩ ⲁⲛⲉⲭⲱⲣⲏⲥⲁⲛ ⲉⲓⲥ ⲧⲏⲛ\nⲭⲱⲣⲁⲛ ⲁⲩⲧⲱⲛ ⁘ϣⲏⲙ |̇ⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲇⲉ ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϣⲁⲡϩⲉ\nⲉ ⲣⲟϥ • ⲙⲁⲧⲁⲙⲟⲓ ϩⲱ ϫⲉ ⲕⲁⲥ • ⲉⲓⲉⲉⲓ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲟⲩⲱϣⲧ̄ ⲛⲁϥ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲟⲩ\nⲇⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣ ⲟⲩⲥⲱⲧⲙ̄ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ⲁⲩⲃⲱⲕ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲉⲓⲥ ⲡⲥⲓⲟⲩ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩⲛⲁⲩ\nⲉ ⲣⲟϥ ϩⲛ̄ ⲙ̄ ⲙⲁ ⲛ̄ ϣⲁ • ⲁϥⲙⲟⲟϣⲉ ϩⲏⲧⲟⲩ ϣⲁⲛⲧ ⲉϥⲉⲓ ⲛϥ̄ⲁϩⲉ ⲣⲁⲧϥ̄ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲙⲁ ⲉⲛ ⲉⲣⲉ\nⲡϣⲏⲣⲉ ϣⲏⲙ ⲛ̄ϩⲏⲧϥ̄ • ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣ\nⲟⲩⲛⲁⲩ ⲇⲉ ⲉ ⲡⲥⲓⲟⲩ ⲁⲩⲣⲁϣⲉ ϩⲛ̄\nⲟⲩⲛⲟϭ ⲛ̄ ⲣⲁϣⲉ ⲉⲙⲁⲧⲉ • ⲁⲩⲱ\nⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲣ ⲟⲩⲉⲓ ⲉ ϩⲣⲁⲓ ⲉ ⲡⲏⲓ ⲁⲩⲛⲁⲩ\nⲉ ⲡϣⲏⲣⲉ ϣⲏⲙ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲙⲁⲣⲓⲁ ⲧⲉϥⲙⲁⲁⲩ ⲁⲩⲡⲁϩⲧⲟⲩ ⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱϣⲧ̄\nⲛⲁϥ • ⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲛ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲩⲁϩⲱⲱⲣ • ⲁⲩⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲉ ⲛⲁϥ ⲛ̄ ϩⲉⲛⲇⲱⲣⲟⲛ • ⲟⲩⲛⲟⲩⲃ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲗⲓⲃⲁⲛⲟⲥ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲟⲩϣⲁⲗ • ⲁⲩⲧⲟⲩⲛⲟⲉⲓⲁⲧⲟⲩ ⲇⲉ ⲉ\nⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲣⲁⲥⲟⲩ • ⲉ ⲧⲙ̄ ⲕⲁⲧⲟⲩ\nϣⲁ ϩⲏⲣⲱⲇⲏⲥ • ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ⲇⲉ ϩⲓⲧⲛ̄\nⲛ̄ ⲕⲉ ϩⲓⲏ •","english":"Behold, magi came from the east to Jerusalem, saying, \"Where is the king who has been born? For we have seen his star in the east, and we have come to worship him.\" But when Herod the king heard this, he was greatly troubled. And he said, \"When you find him, tell me also, so that I too may come and worship him.\" But they, having heard from the king, departed. And behold, a star again appeared in the east, leading them until they came and stood above the place where the child was. When they saw the star, they rejoiced with great joy. And when they came to the house, they saw the child with Mary, his mother, and they prostrated themselves and worshiped him. And opening their treasures, they offered him gifts: gold, frankincense, and myrrh. And they were warned in a dream not to return to Herod, but to go by another road. So they departed to their own country. Now it happened that when you find him, tell me also, so that I may come and worship him. But they, when they heard, went away. And behold, the star which they had seen in the east went before them until it came and stood over the place where the child was. When they saw the star, they rejoiced with great joy. And when they entered the house, they saw the child with Mary, his mother, and they bowed down and worshiped him. They opened their bags and brought him gifts: gold, frankincense, and myrrh. And they were warned in a dream not to go to Herod, but to go by another road.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲙⲁⲣⲓⲁ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic form ⲙⲁⲣⲓⲁ renders the Greek Μαρία, here designating the Theotokos, as per the pinned glossary. The phrase ⲙⲉⲧⲁ ⲙⲁⲣⲓⲁⲥ ⲧⲏⲥ ⲙⲏⲧⲣⲟⲥ ⲁⲩⲧⲟⲩ identifies her as the mother of the child.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲛ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲩⲁϩⲱⲱⲣ • ⲁⲩⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲉ ⲛⲁϥ ⲛ̄ ϩⲉⲛⲇⲱⲣⲟⲛ • ⲟⲩⲛⲟⲩⲃ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲗⲓⲃⲁⲛⲟⲥ • ⲙⲛ̄ ⲟⲩϣⲁⲗ","severity":"info","text":"The gifts of gold, frankincense, and myrrh echo Matthew 2:11, though the canonical list is gold, frankincense, and myrrh. The Coptic ⲟⲩϣⲁⲗ (myrrh) matches the Greek σμύρναν.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁⲩⲧⲟⲩⲛⲟⲉⲓⲁⲧⲟⲩ ⲇⲉ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲣⲁⲥⲟⲩ • ⲉ ⲧⲙ̄ ⲕⲁⲧⲟⲩ ϣⲁ ϩⲏⲣⲱⲇⲏⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The warning in a dream to avoid Herod and take another road is a hagiographic expansion of the Magi story, not found in the canonical Gospels. It appears in later apocryphal traditions, such as the Arabic Infancy Gospel.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The passage contains a doublet: the narrative of the Magi is told twice in slightly different wording (Coptic lines 1–15 and 16–30). This suggests a conflation of two source traditions or a scribal duplication.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲉⲱⲥ ⲟⲩ (sic) ⲉⲗⲑⲱⲛ","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase ⲉⲱⲥ ⲟⲩ (sic) ⲉⲗⲑⲱⲛ is corrupt; the expected reading is ⲉⲱⲥ ⲟⲩ ⲉⲗⲑⲱⲛ ('until they came'). The scribe may have omitted a letter or misdivided words.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The inclusion of the Magi story in the Martyrdom of Mercurius adapts a New Testament episode to frame the saint's narrative, typical of Coptic hagiography that weaves biblical typology into martyrdom accounts.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The doublet of the Magi narrative may indicate two separate sources or a scribal error; the Coptic text does not clarify which is original.","The phrase ⲉⲱⲥ ⲟⲩ (sic) ⲉⲗⲑⲱⲛ is likely a scribal corruption; the intended reading is uncertain."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲙⲁⲣⲓⲁ","text":"ⲙⲁⲣⲓⲁ → “Mary”. The Theotokos in homilies and Marian apocrypha; the sister of Martha in other contexts."}]},{"i":38,"ref":"p38","source":"ⲁⲩⲁⲛⲁⲭⲱⲣⲉⲓ ⲉ ⲛⲉⲩⲭⲱⲣⲁ ⁘ ⁘ ⲞⲒⲀⲚⲞⲨⲀⲢⲒⲞⲤ Ⲓ︦Ⲁ︦ ⲀⲢⲬ\nⲔⲀⲦⲀ ⲘⲀⲢⲔⲞⲚ • [Chapter i. 1-11]\nⲀⲣⲭⲏ ⲧⲟⲩ ⲉⲩⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲓⲟⲩ ⲓ︦ⲩ︦\nⲭ︦ⲩ︦ ⲩ⸍ⲓⲟⲓ̄ ⲧⲟⲩ ⲑ︦ⲩ︦ ⲱ̄ⲥ ⲅⲉⲅⲣⲁ⸍ⲡⲧⲁⲓ̈\nⲉⲛ ⲏⲥⲁⲓⲁⲩ ⲧⲟⲩ ⲡⲣⲟⲫⲏⲧⲏ • ⲓⲇⲟⲩ\nⲉⲅⲱ ⲁⲡⲟⲥⲧⲉⲗⲗⲱ ⲧⲟⲛ ⲁⲅⲅⲉ⸍ⲗⲟⲛ\nⲙⲟⲩ ⲡⲣⲟ̄ ⲡⲣⲟⲥⲟ̄ⲡⲟⲩ ⲥⲟⲩ • ⲟ̄ⲥ\nⲕⲁⲧⲁⲥⲕⲉⲩⲁⲥⲉⲓ ⲧⲏⲛ ⲟⲇⲟⲛ ⲥⲟⲩ • Ⲫⲱⲛⲏ ⲃⲟⲟⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲥ ⲉⲛ ⲧⲏ ⲉⲣⲏ̄ⲙⲱ • ⲦⲨⲂⲒ • Ⲓ︦Ⲁ︦ ⲦⲀⲢⲬ Ⲙ ⲠⲔⲀⲦ\n[Chapter i. 1-11]\nⲦⲁⲣⲭⲏ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲩⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲓⲟⲛ ⲛ̄ ⲓ︦ⲥ︦\nⲡⲉⲭⲥ̄ ⲡϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ\nⲑⲉ ⲉⲧ ⲥⲏϩ ϩⲛ̄ ⲏⲥⲁⲓⲁⲥ • ⲡⲉⲡⲣⲟⲫⲏⲧⲏⲥ • ϫⲉ ⲉⲓⲥ ϩⲏⲏⲧⲉ Ⲁⲛⲟⲕ\nϯⲛⲁϫⲁⲩ ⲡⲁ ⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ ϩⲓ ϩⲏ\nⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲕ ⲛϥ̄ⲥⲟⲃⲧⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲕϩⲓⲏ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲁ\nⲙ̄ⲧⲟ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ • ⲧⲉⲥⲙⲏ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲧⲱϣ","english":"They withdrew to their regions. OI ANUARIOS IA ARCH. According to Mark. [Chapter 1:1-11] The beginning of the Gospel of Jesus Christ, Son of God, as it is written in Isaiah the prophet: \"Behold, I will send my angel before your face to prepare your way.\" A voice crying in the wilderness. TYBI. IA ARCH M PKAT. [Chapter 1:1-11] The beginning of the Gospel of Jesus Christ, Son of God, according to the way it is written in Isaiah the prophet: \"Behold, I will send my angel before you to prepare your way before me.\" The voice of the crier.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁⲩⲁⲛⲁⲭⲱⲣⲉⲓ ⲉ ⲛⲉⲩⲭⲱⲣⲁ","severity":"info","text":"The opening phrase 'They withdrew to their regions' concludes the preceding narrative and marks a transition to a new section, likely a scriptural citation.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲡⲣⲟⲫⲏⲧⲏⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Greek loanword ⲡⲣⲟⲫⲏⲧⲏⲥ (prophet) is used here for Isaiah, consistent with its fixed rendering in this corpus.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The passage quotes Isaiah (likely 40:3 or similar) with 'I will send my angel before your face to prepare your way,' using ⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ (angel) as a divine messenger.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲞⲒⲀⲚⲞⲨⲀⲢⲒⲞⲤ Ⲓ︦Ⲁ︦ ⲀⲢⲬ","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'OI ANUARIOS IA ARCH' likely refers to a month date (Tybi) and a regnal or indiction year, common in Coptic hagiographic manuscripts for liturgical or chronological context.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"transmission","kind":"transmission","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲙⲁⲣⲕⲟⲛ","severity":"info","text":"The repeated citation 'According to Mark' and the Gospel incipit indicate that the scribe inserted a Gospel reading (Mark 1:1-11) into the martyrdom narrative, a common practice in Coptic liturgical manuscripts.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲧⲉⲥⲙⲏ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲧⲱϣ","severity":"caution","text":"The final phrase 'The voice of the crier' is ambiguous; it may refer to John the Baptist (as in Mark 1:3) or to a liturgical cry, but the Coptic text is fragmentary and the reference uncertain.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase 'OI ANUARIOS IA ARCH' is unclear; it may be a corrupt date or a scribal note.","The repeated Gospel citation (Mark 1:1-11) appears twice, possibly due to a scribal duplication or a liturgical rubric.","The final clause 'The voice of the crier' lacks a clear antecedent in the surviving text."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[{"kind":"lacuna","severity":"caution","text":"The source is fragmentary here: the edition marks a break or an editorial bracket, and the English carries across it. Treat the bridge as supplied, not translated."}]},{"i":39,"ref":"p39","source":"ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲓ ⲡϫⲁⲓⲉ ϫⲉ ⲥⲃ̄ⲧⲉ ⲧⲉϩⲓⲏ • ⲙ̄ ⲡϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲥⲟⲃⲧⲉ\nⲛ̄ ⲛϥ̄ⲙⲁ ⲙ̄ ⲙⲟⲟϣⲉ • ⲁϥϣⲱⲡⲉ\nⲛ̄ϭⲓ ⲓⲱϩⲁⲛⲛⲏⲥ ⲉϥϯ ⲃⲁⲡϯⲥⲙⲁ\nϩⲙ̄ ⲡϫⲁⲓⲉ • ⲉϥⲧⲁϣⲉⲟⲉⲓϣ • ⲛ̄\nⲟⲩⲃⲁⲡϯⲥⲙⲁ ⲙ̄ ⲙⲉⲧⲁⲛⲟⲓⲁ • ⲉ\nⲡⲕⲱ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲃⲉ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁⲥⲃⲱⲕ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ⲉ ⲣⲁⲧϥ̄ ⲛ̄ϭⲓ ⲧⲡⲉⲣⲓⲭⲱⲣⲟⲥ ⲧⲏⲣⲥ̄ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲓⲟⲣⲇⲁⲛⲏⲥ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲉ ϯⲟⲩⲇⲁⲓⲁ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲑⲓⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲟⲗⲩⲙⲁ • ⲁⲩϫⲓ ⲃⲁⲡϯⲥⲙⲁ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ • ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲉⲓⲟⲣⲇⲁⲛⲏⲥ ⲡⲉⲓⲉⲣⲟ • ⲉⲩⲉⲝⲟⲙⲟⲗⲟⲅⲉⲓ ⲛ̄ ⲛⲉⲩⲛⲟⲃⲉ • Ⲓⲱⲁⲛⲛⲏⲥ | ⲇⲉ ⲡⲉⲣⲉ ϩⲉⲛϥⲱ ⲛ̄\nϭⲁⲙⲟⲩⲗ ⲧⲟ ϩⲓⲱⲱϥ • ⲉⲣⲉ ⲟⲩⲙⲟϫⲕϥ̄ ⲛ̄ ϣⲁⲣ • ⲙⲏⲣ ⲉ ⲧⲉϥϯⲡⲉ • ⲉϥⲟⲩⲉⲙ ϣϫⲉ ϩⲓ ⲉⲃⲓⲱ ϩⲟⲟⲩⲧ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲉϥⲧⲁϣⲉⲟⲉⲓϣ ⲉϥϫⲱ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ϥⲛⲏⲩ ⲙⲛ︦ⲛ︦ⲥⲱⲓ ⲛ̄ϭⲓ\nⲡⲉⲧ ϫⲟⲟⲣ ⲉ ⲣⲟⲓ ⲡⲁⲓ ⲉ ⲁⲛⲅ̄ ⲟⲩϩⲓⲕⲁⲛⲟⲥ ⲁⲛ ⲉ ⲧⲣⲁ ⲡⲁϩⲧ̄ ⲉ ⲃⲱⲗ\nⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲙⲟⲩⲥ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲉϥⲧⲱⲃⲉ • ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲙⲉⲛ ⲉⲓϯ ⲃⲁⲡϯⲥⲙⲁ\nⲛⲏⲧⲛ̄ ϩⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲙⲟⲟⲩ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲟϥ ⲇⲉ\nϥⲡⲁⲃⲁⲡϯⲍⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲱⲧⲛ̄ ϩⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲡⲛ︤ⲁ︥\nⲉϥⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲕⲱϩⲧ̄ • ⲁⲥϣⲱⲡⲉ\nⲇⲉ ⲉ ϩⲣⲁⲓ ϩⲛ̄ ⲛⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ • ⲉⲧ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲩ • ⲁϥⲉⲓ ⲛ̄ϭⲓ ⲓ︦ⲥ︦ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲛ̄\nⲛⲁⲍⲁⲣⲉⲑ ⲛ̄ⲧⲉ ⲧⲅⲁⲗⲓⲗⲁⲓⲁ • ⲁϥϫⲓ ⲃⲁⲡϯⲥⲙⲁ ⲛ̄ⲧ ⲛ̄ ⲓⲱ︤ⲥ︥ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ\nϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲓⲟⲣⲇⲁⲡⲏⲥ • ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲩⲛⲟⲩ ⲉϥⲛⲏⲩ ⲉ ϩⲣⲁⲓ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲙⲟⲟⲩ ⲁϥⲛⲁⲩ\nⲙ̄ⲡⲏⲩⲉ ⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲛ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲡⲉⲡⲛ︦ⲁ︦\nⲉϥⲛⲏⲩ ⲉ ⲡⲉⲥⲏⲧ ⲉ ϫⲱϥ ⲛ̄ⲑⲉ ⲛ̄\nⲟⲩϭⲣⲟⲙⲡⲉ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲉⲓⲥ ⲟⲩⲥⲙⲏ\nⲁⲥϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲛ̄ ⲙ̄ⲡⲏⲩⲉ • ϫⲉ\nⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲕ ⲡⲉ ⲛⲁ ϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲡⲁ ⲙⲉⲣⲓⲧ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁ\nⲡⲁ ⲱϣ ϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲛ̄ϩⲏⲧϥ̄ ⁘⁘⁘ ⲉⲧⲟⲓⲙⲁ̄ⲥⲁⲧⲉ ⲧⲏⲛ ⲟⲇⲟⲛ ⲕⲩ̄ • ⲉⲓⲑⲓⲁⲥ ⲡⲟⲓ̈ⲉⲓⲧⲉ ⲧⲁⲥ ⲧⲣⲓⲟⲩⲥ (sic)\nⲁⲩⲧⲟⲩ : - ⲉⲅⲉⲛⲉⲧⲟ Ⲓⲱⲁⲛⲛⲏⲛ\nⲃⲁⲡϯⲍⲱⲛ ⲉⲛ ⲧⲏ ⲉⲣⲏⲙⲱ • ⲕⲁⲓ\nⲕⲩⲣⲓⲥⲥⲱⲛ •","english":"Out in the desert, for the way of the Lord is prepared, and prepare his paths. John came, giving baptism in the desert, proclaiming a baptism of repentance, for the remission of sins. And the whole region of the Jordan, of Judea and Jerusalem, went out to him. They all received baptism in the river Jordan, confessing their sins. John wore a garment of camel hair, with a leather girdle bound about his waist, eating locusts and wild honey. And he proclaimed, saying, \"He who is mightier than I comes after me, for I am not worthy to loose the knot of his girdle. I baptize you with water, but he will baptize you with a holy spirit and with fire.\" It happened in those days that Jesus came out of Nazareth in Galilee, and received baptism from John in the Jordan. Immediately, as he came up from the water, he saw the heavens open, and the Spirit descending upon him like a dove. And a voice came from the heavens, saying, \"You are my beloved son, in whom my desire is fulfilled.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲡϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic ⲡϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ renders 'Lord' here, likely referring to God in the biblical citation, consistent with the glossary's note that it names Christ in homilies but here functions as a divine title.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲓ ⲡϫⲁⲓⲉ ϫⲉ ⲥⲃ̄ⲧⲉ ⲧⲉϩⲓⲏ • ⲙ̄ ⲡϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The opening echoes Isaiah 40:3 (LXX) and the Gospel infancy narratives, blending prophetic preparation with John's desert ministry; the phrase 'prepare the way of the Lord' is a standard messianic trope.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ϩⲉⲛϥⲱ ⲛ̄ ϭⲁⲙⲟⲩⲗ","severity":"info","text":"John's camel-hair garment and leather girdle are standard ascetic markers in early Christian hagiography, paralleling descriptions in the Synoptic tradition (Mark 1:6) and later monastic literature.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"parallel","kind":"parallel","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁⲩⲱ ⲉⲓⲥ ⲟⲩⲥⲙⲏ ⲁⲥϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲛ̄ ⲙ̄ⲡⲏⲩⲉ","severity":"info","text":"The voice from heaven declaring Jesus the beloved son parallels the baptism scene in the Gospel of the Ebionites (fragment) and later Coptic homilies, but is not canonical; it may reflect a harmonized tradition.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲉⲧⲟⲓⲙⲁ̄ⲥⲁⲧⲉ ⲧⲏⲛ ⲟⲇⲟⲛ ⲕⲩ̄ • ⲉⲓⲑⲓⲁⲥ ⲡⲟⲓ̈ⲉⲓⲧⲉ ⲧⲁⲥ ⲧⲣⲓⲟⲩⲥ (sic)","severity":"caution","text":"The Greek phrase at the end is corrupt: 'ⲉⲧⲟⲓⲙⲁ̄ⲥⲁⲧⲉ ⲧⲏⲛ ⲟⲇⲟⲛ ⲕⲩ̄' likely intends 'ἑτοιμάσατε τὴν ὁδὸν Κυρίου' (prepare the way of the Lord), but the following 'ⲉⲓⲑⲓⲁⲥ ⲡⲟⲓ̈ⲉⲓⲧⲉ ⲧⲁⲥ ⲧⲣⲓⲟⲩⲥ' is garbled, possibly a misreading of 'εἰθίας ποιεῖτε τὰς τρεῖς' or a liturgical rubric.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁⲩⲱ ⲡⲉⲡⲛ︦ⲁ︦ ⲉϥⲛⲏⲩ ⲉ ⲡⲉⲥⲏⲧ ⲉ ϫⲱϥ ⲛ̄ⲑⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩϭⲣⲟⲙⲡⲉ","severity":"info","text":"The Spirit descending as a dove is a common iconographic motif in Coptic baptismal art and liturgy, reinforcing the passage's catechetical use in the Martyrdom of Mercurius.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The Greek phrase at the end is corrupt; the intended reading is uncertain, possibly a liturgical rubric or a misquotation of Isaiah.","The identity of the 'voice from heaven' is ambiguous—whether divine or angelic—but the text treats it as a theophany."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ","text":"ϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ → “Lord”. Renders Yahweh in the Sahidic Bible and names Christ in homilies; 'master' is the everyday social sense and the right one in a parable about slaves."},{"kind":"homonym","severity":"caution","term":"ϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ","text":"ϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ carries more than one sense (master, owner); this passage takes it as “Lord”. The choice is the translator's, not a lexical given."}]},{"i":40,"ref":"p40","source":"ⲃⲁ̄ⲡⲧⲓⲥⲙⲁ ⲙⲉⲧⲁⲡⲟⲓⲁⲥ ⲉⲓⲥ ⲁⲫⲉⲥⲓⲛ ⲁⲙⲁⲣϯⲱⲛ • ⲕⲁⲓ ⲉⲝⲉⲡⲟⲣⲉⲩⲉ̄ⲧⲟ ⲡⲣⲟⲥ ⲁⲩⲧⲟ⸍ⲛ\nⲡⲁⲥⲁ⸍ ⲏ ⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲇⲁⲓ⸍ⲁ ⲭⲱⲣⲁ • ⲕⲁⲓ\nⲟⲓ ⲉⲣⲟⲥⲟⲗⲩⲙⲉⲓⲧⲁⲓ̈ ⲕⲁⲓ ⲉⲃⲁⲡⲧⲓⲥⲟⲛⲧⲟ ⲡⲁⲛⲧⲉⲥ ⲉⲛ ⲧⲟ ⲓⲟⲣⲇⲁⲡⲏ • ⲡⲟⲧⲁⲙⲱ ⲩ⸍ⲡ ⲁⲩⲧⲟⲩ\nⲉⲍⲟⲙⲟⲗⲟⲅⲟ⸍ⲩⲙⲉⲛⲟⲓⲧⲁⲥ ⲁⲙⲁⲣⲧⲓⲁⲥ · ⲁⲩ⸍ⲧⲱⲛ • ⲏ⸍ⲛ ⲇⲉ ⲟ ⲓⲱⲁⲛⲛⲏⲥ • ⲉⲛⲇⲉⲇⲩⲙⲏⲙⲉ̄ⲛⲟⲥ (sic)\nⲧⲣⲩⲭⲁⲥ ⲕⲁⲙⲏⲗⲟⲩ | ⲕⲁⲓ ⲍⲱⲛⲏⲛ ⲇⲉⲣⲙⲁⲧⲓⲛⲏⲛ ⲡⲉⲣⲓ ⲧⲏⲡ\nⲟⲥⲫⲓⲛ ⲁⲩⲧⲟⲩ • ⲕⲁⲓ ⲉⲥⲑⲓⲱⲛ\nⲁⲕⲣⲓⲇⲁⲥ ⲕⲁⲓ ⲙⲉⲗⲓ ⲁⲅⲣⲓⲱⲛ • ⲕⲁⲓ ⲉⲕⲏ⸍ⲣⲩⲥⲥⲉⲛ ⲗⲉⲅⲱⲛ ⲉⲣⲭⲉ⸍ⲧⲁⲓ ⲉⲓⲥⲭⲩⲣⲟ̄ⲧⲉ̄ⲣⲟⲥ ⲙⲟⲩ • ⲟⲩ̄\nⲟⲩⲕ ⲉⲙⲏ ⲓⲕⲁⲛⲟⲥ ⲕⲩ̄ⲯⲁⲥ ⲗⲩⲥⲁⲓ̈\nⲧⲟⲛ ⲓⲙⲁⲡⲧⲁ ⲧⲟⲛ ⲩ⸍ⲡⲟⲇⲏⲙⲁⲧⲱⲛ\nⲁⲩⲧⲟⲩ · ⲉⲅⲱ ⲙⲉⲛ ⲉⲃⲁⲡⲧⲓⲥⲁ⸍\nⲩ⸍ⲙⲁⲥ ⲉⲛ ⲩ̄ⲇⲁⲧⲏ • ⲁⲩⲧⲟⲥ ⲇⲉ\nⲉⲃⲁⲡⲧⲓⲍⲉ ⲩ̄ⲙⲁⲥ ⲉⲛ ⲛ︦ⲛ︦ⲓ︦ ⲁⲅⲓⲱ\nⲕⲁⲓ ⲡⲩⲣⲓ⸍ • ⲕⲁⲓ ⲉⲅⲉⲛⲉⲧⲟ ⲉⲛ\nⲉⲕⲟⲓⲛⲁⲓⲥ ⲧⲁⲓⲥ ⲏⲙⲉⲣⲁⲓⲥ • ⲏ⸍ⲗⲑⲉⲛ ⲓ︦ⲥ︦ ⲁⲡⲟ ⲛⲁⲍⲁⲣⲉⲑ ⲧⲏⲥ ⲅⲁⲗⲓⲗⲁⲓⲁⲥ · ⲕⲁⲓ ⲉⲃⲁⲡⲧⲓⲥⲑⲏ • ⲩ⸍ⲡⲟ\nⲓⲱⲁⲛⲛⲟⲩ ⲉⲓⲥ ⲧⲟⲛ ⲓⲟⲣⲇⲁ⸍ⲛⲏⲛ • ⲕⲁⲓ ⲉⲩⲑⲉ̄ⲱⲥ ⲁⲛⲁⲃⲁ︦ⲓ︦ⲛⲱⲛ • ⲁⲡⲟ\nⲧⲟⲩ ⲩⲇⲁ̄ⲧⲟⲥ • ⲓⲇⲉⲛ ⲥⲭⲓⲍⲟⲙⲉⲛⲟⲩⲥ • ⲧⲟⲩⲥ ⲟⲩⲛ︦ⲟ︦ⲩ︦ⲥ︦ ⲕⲁⲓ ⲧⲟ\nⲡⲛ︦ⲁ︦ ⲱⲥ ⲡⲉⲣⲓⲥⲧⲉⲣⲁⲛ ⲕⲁⲧⲁⲃⲁⲓⲛⲟⲡ ⲉⲡ ⲁⲩⲧⲟⲛ • ⲕⲁⲓ ⲫⲱⲛⲏ\nⲉⲅⲉⲛⲉⲧⲟ ⲉⲕ ⲧⲟ⸍ⲛ ⲟⲩⲛⲱ︦ⲛ︦ ⲥⲟ︦ⲓ︦\nⲟ ⲓ̄ⲟⲩⲥ̄ ⲙⲟⲩ ⲟ ⲁⲅⲁⲡⲏⲧⲟⲥ ⲉⲛ\nⲥⲟⲓ ⲉⲩⲇⲟ̄ⲕⲏⲥⲁ ⁘","english":"baptism of repentance for the remission of sins. And the whole region of the Jordan went out to him, and all the people of Jerusalem came and were baptized in the Jordan river. They confessed their sins. And John was clothed in camel hair and a leather girdle around his loins, and he ate locusts and wild honey. And he preached, saying, \"One stronger than I is coming. I am not able to loose the bonds of his garments. I baptize you in water, but he will baptize you in the Holy Spirit and in fire.\" And it happened in those days that Jesus came from Nazareth of Galilee and was baptized by John in the Jordan. And immediately, as he came up from the water, they saw the heavens opening and the Spirit descending like a dove upon him. And a voice came from the heavens, saying, \"This is my beloved Son, in whom I am well pleased.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲃⲁ̄ⲡⲧⲓⲥⲙⲁ ⲙⲉⲧⲁⲡⲟⲓⲁⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'baptism of repentance' is a Greek loan construction (βάπτισμα μετανοίας) common in early Christian catechetical contexts, linking ritual immersion with penitential preparation.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲓⲱⲁⲛⲛⲏⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The description of John the Baptist's clothing, diet, and preaching echoes the Synoptic Gospels (Mark 1:6, Matthew 3:4) and the Gospel of the Ebionites, but the Coptic text here expands with a direct speech not found in canonical accounts.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲓ︦ⲥ︦","severity":"info","text":"The baptism of Jesus by John in the Jordan, with the Spirit descending as a dove and a heavenly voice, conflates the Synoptic accounts (Mark 1:9-11, Matthew 3:16-17) with the Johannine emphasis on the Spirit and fire.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁⲕⲣⲓⲇⲁⲥ ⲕⲁⲓ ⲙⲉⲗⲓ ⲁⲅⲣⲓⲱⲛ","severity":"info","text":"John's diet of locusts and wild honey is a hagiographic topos for asceticism, attested in early Christian literature (e.g., Eusebius, HE 2.3) and later Coptic monastic ideals.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲉⲃⲁⲡⲧⲓⲍⲉ ⲩ̄ⲙⲁⲥ ⲉⲛ ⲛ︦ⲛ︦ⲓ︦ ⲁⲅⲓⲱ ⲕⲁⲓ ⲡⲩⲣⲓ⸍","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'baptize you in the Holy Spirit and in fire' is a non-canonical expansion; the Coptic text may reflect a variant tradition or scribal interpolation, as the canonical Gospels do not attribute this saying to John.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲕⲁⲓ ⲉⲅⲉⲛⲉⲧⲟ ⲉⲛ ⲉⲕⲟⲓⲛⲁⲓⲥ ⲧⲁⲓⲥ ⲏⲙⲉⲣⲁⲓⲥ","severity":"info","text":"This transitional phrase ('And it happened in those days') marks a shift from John's preaching to the baptism of Jesus, typical of hagiographic narrative that adapts Gospel material for a new context.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The Coptic text contains several Greek loanwords and possible scribal errors (e.g., ⲉⲛⲇⲉⲇⲩⲙⲏⲙⲉ̄ⲛⲟⲥ for ἐνδεδυμένος). The phrase 'baptism of repentance for the remission of sins' may be a conflation of liturgical formulas. The identity of the 'one stronger than I' is clearly Jesus, but the source of the saying is uncertain."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":41,"ref":"p41","source":"ⲞⲨⲈ ⲦⲞⲨ ⲀⲄⲒⲞⲨ Ⲙ︦Ⲉ︦Ⲣ︦\nⲔⲀ[ⲦⲀ] ⲘⲀⲐⲀⲒⲞⲨ • [Chapter viii. 5-13]\nⲈⲓⲥⲉⲗⲑⲟⲛⲧⲉⲥ ⲇⲉ ⲁⲩⲧⲟⲩ ⲉⲓⲥ\nⲕⲁⲫⲁⲣⲛⲁⲟⲩⲙ • ⲡⲣⲟⲥⲏⲗⲑⲉⲛ ⲁⲩⲧⲱ ⲉⲕⲁⲧⲟⲛⲧⲁⲣⲭⲟⲥⲡⲁⲣⲁⲕⲁⲗⲱⲛ\nⲁⲩⲧⲱⲛ • ⲕⲁⲓ ⲗⲉⲅⲱⲛ ⲕ︦ⲉ︦ ⲟ ⲡⲁⲓ⸍ⲥ\nⲙⲟⲩ ⲃⲉ⸍ⲃⲗⲏⲧⲁⲓ ⲉⲛ ⲧⲏ ⲟⲓⲕⲓⲁ\nⲡⲁⲣⲁⲗⲩⲧⲓ⸍ⲕⲟⲩⲥ • ⲇⲉⲓⲛⲱⲥ ⲃⲁⲥⲁⲛⲓⲍⲱⲙⲉ̄ⲛⲟⲥ • ⲕⲁⲓ ⲗⲉⲅⲉⲓ ⲁⲩⲧⲱ ⲟ ⲓ︦ⲥ︦ ⲉⲅⲱ ⲏⲗⲑⲱⲛ ⲑⲉⲣⲁⲡⲉⲩⲥⲟⲡ ⲁⲩⲧⲱⲛ • ⲕⲁⲓ ⲁⲡⲟⲕⲣⲓⲑⲉⲓⲥ\nⲟ ⲉⲕⲁⲧⲟⲛⲧⲁⲣⲭⲟⲥ • ⲉⲫⲏ ⲕ︦ⲉ︦ ⲟⲩⲕ\nⲉⲙⲏ ⲓⲕⲁⲡⲟⲥ ⲓⲛⲁ ⲙⲟⲩ ⲩⲡⲟ ⲧⲏⲛ\nⲥⲕⲉⲡⲏⲡ (sic) ⲉⲓⲥⲉⲗⲑⲏⲥ · ⲁⲗⲗⲟ (sic)\nⲙⲟⲛⲟⲛ ⲉⲓⲡⲉ ⲗⲟⲅⲱ ⲕⲁⲓ ⲓⲁⲑⲏⲥⲉⲧⲁⲓ • ⲕⲁ⸍ⲓ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲁⲛ︦ⲱ︦ⲥ︦ • ⲉⲓⲙⲏ\nⲩⲡⲟ ⲉⲝⲟⲩⲥⲓⲁⲛ ⲉⲭⲱⲛ ⲩⲫ\nⲉⲙⲁⲩⲧⲟⲛ ⲥⲧⲣⲁⲧⲓⲱⲧⲁⲥ · ⲕⲁⲓ\nⲗⲉⲅⲱ ⲧⲟⲩⲧⲱ ⲡⲟⲣⲉⲩⲑⲏⲧⲓ ⲕⲁⲓ\nⲡⲟⲣⲉⲩⲉⲧⲁⲓ • ⲕⲁⲓ̈ ⲁⲗⲗⲱ ⲉ⸍ⲣⲭⲟⲩ\nⲕⲁⲓ̈ ⲉⲣⲭⲉⲧⲁⲓ • ⲕⲁⲓ ⲧⲱ ⲇⲟⲩⲗⲱ\nⲙⲟⲩ ⲡⲟⲓⲏⲥⲟⲛ ⲧⲁⲩⲧⲟ ⲕⲁⲓ ⲡⲟⲓⲉⲓ • ⲁⲕⲟⲩⲥⲁⲥ ⲇⲉ ⲟ ⲓ︦ⲥ︦ ⲉⲑⲁⲩⲙⲁⲥⲉⲛ\nⲕⲁⲓ ⲉⲓⲡⲉⲛ ⲧⲟⲓⲥ ⲁⲕⲟⲗⲟⲩⲑⲩⲥⲓⲛ\nⲁⲩⲧⲱ • ⲁⲙⲏⲛ ⲗⲉⲅⲱ | ⲩⲙⲉⲓⲛ • ⲡⲁⲣ ⲟⲩⲇⲉⲛⲓ ⲧⲟⲥⲁⲩⲧⲏⲛ ⲡⲓⲥⲧⲓⲛ • ⲉⲛ ⲧⲱ ⲓ︦ⲏ︦ⲗ︦ ⲉⲩⲣⲱⲛ • ⲗⲉⲅⲱ ⲧⲁⲓ\nⲩ̄ⲙⲓⲛ ⲟⲧⲓ ⲡⲟⲗⲗⲟⲛ ⲁⲡⲟ ⲁⲛⲁⲧⲟⲗⲟⲛ • ⲕⲁⲓ ⲇⲩⲥⲙⲱⲛ ⲏⲝⲟⲩⲥⲓⲛ · ⲕⲁⲓ ⲁⲛⲁⲕⲗⲏⲑⲏⲥⲟⲛⲧⲁⲓ\nⲙⲉⲧⲁ ⲁⲃⲣⲁⲁⲙ ⲕⲁⲓ ⲓⲥⲁⲕ ⲕⲁⲓ̈\nⲓⲁⲕⲱⲃ • ⲉⲛ ⲧⲏ ⲃⲁⲥⲓⲗⲉⲓⲁⲛ ⲧⲟⲛ\nⲟⲩⲛ︦ⲱ︦ⲛ︦ • ⲟⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲩⲓⲟⲓ ⲧⲏⲥ ⲃⲁⲥⲓⲗⲉⲓⲁⲥ ⲉⲕⲃⲗⲏⲑⲏⲥⲟⲛⲧⲁⲓ̈ ⲉⲓⲥ ⲧⲟ\nⲥⲕⲟⲧⲟⲥ • ⲧⲱ ⲉⲝⲱⲧⲉⲣⲟⲛ • ⲉⲕⲉⲓ̈\nⲉⲥⲧⲁⲓ ⲟ ⲕⲗⲁⲩⲑⲙⲟⲥ ⲕⲁⲓ ⲟ ⲃⲣⲩⲅⲙⲟⲥ ⲧⲱⲛ ⲟⲇⲟ̄ⲛⲧⲱⲛ • ⲕⲁⲓ ⲉⲓⲡⲉⲛ\nⲇⲉ ⲟ ⲓ︦ⲥ︦ ⲧⲱ ⲉⲕⲁⲧⲱⲛⲧⲁⲣⲭⲟⲥ • ϨⲒ ⲢⲞⲨϨⲈ Ⲙ︦ ⲪⲀⲄⲒⲞ Ⲙ︦Ⲉ︦Ⲣ︦\nⲠⲔⲀ[ⲦⲀ] ⲘⲀⲐⲀⲒⲞⲤ • [Chapter viii. 5-13]\nⲚ̄ ⲧⲉⲣⲉ ϥⲃⲱⲕ ⲇⲉ ⲉ ϩⲟⲩⲛ ⲉ ⲕⲁⲫⲁⲣⲛⲁⲟⲩⲙ ⲁϥϯ ⲡⲉϥⲟⲩⲟⲓ • ⲉ\nⲣⲟϥ ⲛ̄ϭⲓ ⲟⲩϩⲉⲕⲁⲧⲟⲛⲧⲁⲣⲭⲟⲥ •","english":"When he entered Capernaum, a centurion approached him, beseeching him, and said, \"Lord, my servant lies paralyzed in the house, suffering greatly.\" And Jesus said to him, \"I have come to heal him.\" And the centurion answered, \"Lord, it is not fitting that he should be under the same roof as I; but if you only speak the word, he will be healed. For I am a man under authority, having soldiers under my command.\" And he said, \"Go, and he will go; and command, and he will come; and to my servant, do the same, and he will do it.\" And when Jesus heard this, he marveled and said to his followers, \"Amen, I say to you, there is no such faith in Israel.\" He said, \"I say to you that many from the east and west will come and be called with Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob in the kingdom of the living. But the sons of the kingdom will be cast out into the outer darkness, where there is weeping and gnashing of teeth.\" And Jesus said to the centurion, \"In the morning of the holy day.\" According to Matthew [Chapter viii. 5-13]. When he entered Capernaum, a centurion approached him.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲙⲁⲑⲁⲓⲟⲩ • [Chapter viii. 5-13]","severity":"info","text":"The passage explicitly cites Matthew 8:5–13, but the narrative conflates the healing of a paralytic (Matthew 9:2–7) with the centurion's faith (Matthew 8:5–13).","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲙⲏⲛ","severity":"info","text":"ⲁⲙⲏⲛ (amen) is a transliterated Hebrew term, left untranslated in Coptic liturgy and doxologies; here it introduces Jesus’ solemn pronouncement.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲉⲕⲁⲧⲟⲛⲧⲁⲣⲭⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The centurion (ἑκατόνταρχος) is a Roman officer commanding roughly 100 soldiers; his presence in Capernaum reflects the military occupation of first-century Galilee.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲥⲕⲉⲡⲏⲡ (sic)","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic ⲥⲕⲉⲡⲏⲡ is a corrupt form; the intended Greek is σκέπη (roof/shelter). The scribal error (sic) is noted in the edition.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"ϩⲓ ⲣⲟⲩϩⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲫⲁⲅⲓⲟ ⲙ̄ⲉ̄ⲣ̄","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'In the morning of the holy day' (ϩⲓ ⲣⲟⲩϩⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲫⲁⲅⲓⲟ ⲙ̄ⲉ̄ⲣ̄) marks a liturgical transition, likely introducing a reading or homily segment.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁⲃⲣⲁⲁⲙ ⲕⲁⲓ ⲓⲥⲁⲕ ⲕⲁⲓ ⲓⲁⲕⲱⲃ","severity":"info","text":"The invocation of the patriarchs Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob reflects a common Coptic liturgical formula for the faithful departed, linking the centurion's faith to salvation.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The Coptic text conflates Matthew 8:5–13 with the healing of a paralytic (Matthew 9:2–7), leaving unclear whether the centurion's servant is the same as the paralytic.","The phrase 'In the morning of the holy day' (ϩⲓ ⲣⲟⲩϩⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲫⲁⲅⲓⲟ ⲙ̄ⲉ̄ⲣ̄) is ambiguous: it may refer to a specific liturgical time or to the day of the martyr's feast."],"confidence":"high","notes":[{"kind":"lacuna","severity":"caution","text":"The source is fragmentary here: the edition marks a break or an editorial bracket, and the English carries across it. Treat the bridge as supplied, not translated."}]},{"i":42,"ref":"p42","source":"ⲉϥⲡⲁⲣⲁⲕⲁⲗⲉⲓ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ ⲉϥϫⲱ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲡϫⲥ̄ ⲡⲁ ϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲛⲏϫ ⲉ\nϩⲣⲁⲓ ϩⲙ̄ ⲡⲁ ⲏⲓ ⲉϥⲉⲏϭ ⲁⲩⲱ ⲉϥⲃⲁⲥⲁⲛⲓⲍⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲧⲉ • ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲁϥ\nⲛ̄ϭⲓ ⲓ︦ⲥ︦ ϫⲉ ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ϯⲛⲏⲩ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣ̄\nⲡⲁϩⲣⲉ ⲉ ⲣⲟϥ • ⲁϥⲟⲩⲱϣⲃ̄ ⲛ̄ϭⲓ\nⲡϩⲉⲕⲁⲧⲟⲛⲧⲁⲣⲭⲟⲥ • ⲉϥϫⲱ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲡϫ︦ⲥ︦ ⲛ̄ ϯⲙ̄ⲡϣⲁ ⲁⲛ ⲉ ⲧⲣⲉ\nⲕⲉⲓ ⲉ ϩⲟⲩⲛ ϩⲁ ⲧⲁ ⲟⲩⲉϩⲥⲟⲓ ⲁⲗⲗⲁ\nϫⲓ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲧⲉ ⲙ̄ ⲡϣⲁϫⲉ ⲁⲩⲱ ⲉϥⲛⲁⲗⲟ · ⲕⲁⲓ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲁⲛⲅ̄ ⲟⲩⲣⲱⲙⲉ ⲉⲓϣⲟⲟⲡ ϩⲁ ⲟⲩ ⲉⲝⲟⲩⲥⲓⲁ • ⲉⲣⲉ ϩⲉⲛⲙⲁⲧⲟⲓ ϣⲟⲟⲡ ϩⲁ ⲣⲁⲧ • ϣⲁⲓϫⲟⲟⲥ ⲙ̄ ⲡⲁⲓ ϫⲉ ⲃⲱⲕ ⲁⲩⲱ\nϣⲁϥⲃⲱⲕ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲕⲉ ⲟⲩⲁ ϫⲉ\nⲁⲙⲟⲩ ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛϥ̄ⲉⲓ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲡⲁ ϩⲙ̄ϩⲁⲗ ϫⲉ ⲁⲣⲉⲕ ⲡⲁⲓ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛϥ̄ⲁⲁϥ • ⲁϥⲥⲱⲧⲙ̄ ⲇⲉ ⲉ ⲛⲁⲓ ⲛ̄ϭⲓ ⲓⲥ ⲁϥⲣ̄\nϣⲡⲏⲣⲉ • ⲁϥⲕⲟⲧϥ̄ ⲉ ⲛⲉⲧ ⲟⲩⲏϩ\nⲛ̄ⲥⲱϥ • ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲁⲩ ϫⲉ ϩⲁⲙⲏⲛ\nϯϫⲱ | ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲥ ⲛⲏⲧⲛ̄ ϫⲉ ⲙ̄ⲡ ⲉⲓϩⲉ\nⲉ ⲡ[ⲓⲥ]ϯⲥ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲉⲓ ϭⲟⲧ ⲛ̄ⲧⲛ̄ ⲗⲁⲁⲩ\nϩⲙ̄ [ⲡⲓⲥ]ⲣⲁⲏⲗ • ϯϫⲱ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟⲥ ⲛⲉⲧⲛ̄ ϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲛ̄ ϩⲁϩ ⲛⲏⲩ ⲉ\nⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲛ̄ ⲙⲁ ⲛ̄ ϣⲁ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲙ̄\nⲙⲁ ⲛ̄ ϩⲱⲧⲛ̄ ⲛ̄ⲥⲉ ⲛⲟϫⲟⲩ ⲙⲛ̄\nⲁⲃⲣⲁϩⲁⲙ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲓⲥⲁⲕ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲓⲁⲕⲱⲃ • ϩⲣⲁⲓ ϩⲛ̄ ⲧⲙⲛ︤ⲧ︥ⲉⲣⲟ ⲛ̄ ⲙ̄ⲡⲏⲩⲉ • ⲛ̄ϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲇⲉ ⲛ̄ ⲧⲙⲛ︦ⲧ︦ⲉⲣⲟ ⲥⲉⲛⲁⲛⲟϫⲟⲩ ⲉ ⲃⲟⲗ ⲉ ⲡⲕⲁⲕⲉ ⲉⲧ\nⲟⲓ ⲃⲟⲗ ⲉϥⲡⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲩ\nⲛ̄ϭⲓ ⲡⲣⲓⲙⲉ ⲁⲩⲱ ⲡϭⲁϩϭⲉϩ ⲛ̄\n[ⲛ̄]ⲟⲃϩⲉ • Ⲡⲉϫ[ⲁϥ ⲇⲉ] ⲛ̄ϭⲓ ⲓ︦ⲥ︦","english":"...he beseeched him, saying, \"Lord, my son has fallen into my house, lying paralyzed and suffering greatly.\" Jesus said to him, \"I am coming to heal him.\" The centurion answered, saying, \"Lord, I am not worthy for you to enter under my roof. But take only the word, and he will be healed. For I am a man under authority, having soldiers under my command. If I say to this one, 'Go,' he goes; and to another, 'Come,' he comes. And to my servant, 'Do this,' and he does it.\" When Jesus heard these things, he marveled. He turned to those who were with him and said to them, \"Amen, I say to you, I have not found faith like this in Israel. I say to you that many are coming forth from the place of worship and the place of baptism, and they cast out Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob in the kingdom of the heavens. But the children of the kingdom will cast them out into the outer darkness, where weeping and gnashing of teeth will be.\" Jesus said...","structure":"dialogue","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲙⲏⲛ","severity":"info","text":"The transliterated Hebrew 'amen' is left untranslated in Coptic liturgy and doxologies, marking a solemn affirmation here as Jesus introduces a prophetic saying.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲓⲥϯⲥ","severity":"info","text":"Jesus' statement 'I have not found faith like this in Israel' echoes the Synoptic theme of Gentile faith surpassing Jewish faith (cf. Matt 8:10; Luke 7:9), though not a direct quotation.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ϩⲙ̄ ⲙⲁ ⲛ̄ ϣⲁ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲙ̄ ⲙⲁ ⲛ̄ ϩⲱⲧⲛ̄","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'place of worship and place of baptism' likely refers to the synagogue and baptistery, indicating Christian institutions where converts are made, contrasted with the patriarchs' kingdom.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁⲃⲣⲁϩⲁⲙ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲓⲥⲁⲕ ⲙⲛ̄ ⲓⲁⲕⲱⲃ","severity":"info","text":"The patriarchs Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob are invoked as symbols of the Old Testament covenant, here cast out by those who reject faith, reflecting a supersessionist theme common in Coptic homilies.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲣⲓⲙⲉ ⲁⲩⲱ ⲡϭⲁϩϭⲉϩ ⲛ̄ [ⲛ̄]ⲟⲃϩⲉ","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase 'weeping and gnashing of teeth' is a standard eschatological image (cf. Matt 25:30), but the Coptic text is partially corrupt; the lacuna before ⲛ̄ⲟⲃϩⲉ may obscure a preposition or article.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase ⲉϥⲉⲏϭ (line 2) is ambiguous: it could mean 'lying' (paralyzed) or 'having fallen'; the draft takes it as 'fallen into my house', but the Coptic more directly reads 'lying in my house'.","The lacuna in ⲡ[ⲓⲥ]ϯⲥ (line 14) is restored as 'faith' (ⲡⲓⲥϯⲥ), but the text is damaged; the reading is standard but not certain."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[{"kind":"structure","severity":"info","label":"dialogue","text":"Dialogue: the passage is carried by direct speech and the verbs that introduce it. Speech boundaries are the translator's punctuation, not the manuscript's."},{"kind":"lacuna","severity":"caution","text":"The source is fragmentary here: the edition marks a break or an editorial bracket, and the English carries across it. Treat the bridge as supplied, not translated."}]},{"i":43,"ref":"p43","source":"ⲩⲡⲁⲅⲉ ⲕⲁⲓ ⲱⲥ ⲉⲡⲓⲥⲧⲉⲩⲥⲁⲥ ·\nⲅⲉⲛⲏⲑⲏⲧⲱ̄ ⲥⲟⲓ • ⲕⲁⲓ ⲓ̄ⲁⲑⲏ ⲟ\nⲡⲁⲓⲥ ⲉⲛ ⲧⲏ ⲱ̄ⲣⲁ ⲉⲕⲉⲓⲛⲏ ⁘\nⲙ̄ ⲡ[ϩⲉ]ⲕⲁⲧⲟⲛⲧⲁⲣⲭⲟⲥ • ϫⲉ ⲃⲱⲕ\nⲛ[ⲑⲉ] ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕⲡⲓⲥⲧⲉⲩⲉ ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲥϣⲱ[ⲡⲉ] ⲛⲁⲕ • ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁϥⲗⲟ ⲛ̄ϭⲓ\nⲡϣⲏⲣⲉ [ϣⲏⲙ] ϫⲓⲛ ⲧⲉⲩⲛⲟⲩ ⲉⲧ\nⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲩ •\n⁘ ⲉⲩⲝⲁⲥⲑⲁⲓ ⲩ̄ⲡⲉⲣ ⲉⲙⲟⲩ ⲉⲅⲱ ⲧⲁⲗⲁⲥ ⲁⲙⲁⲣⲧⲱⲗⲟⲩⲥ •\nⲁⲩⲣⲓⲗⲗⲓⲟⲥ • ⲃⲓⲕⲧⲱⲣ ⲉⲗⲁⲭⲓⲥⲧⲟⲩ ⲕⲥ ⲁⲛⲁⲝⲓⲟⲩ ⲇⲓⲁⲕⲟⲥ\nⲡⲁⲓⲥ ⲧⲟⲩ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟ ⲙⲉⲣⲕⲟⲩⲣⲓⲟ ⲇⲓⲁⲕⲟⲥ ⲧⲟⲩ ⲁⲅⲓⲟⲩ ⲙ︦ⲉ︦ⲣ︦\nⲙⲉⲅⲁⲥⲧⲣⲁⲧⲏⲗⲁⲧ ⲁⲡⲟⲧ ⲡⲟⲗ ⲗⲁⲧ ⲉⲅⲣⲁⲯⲁⲥ ⲃⲩⲃⲗⲟⲥ\nⲡⲁⲛⲧⲱⲛ ⲁⲛⲁⲅⲛⲱⲑⲏ ⲧⲏⲛ ⲃⲩⲃⲗⲓⲟⲩ ⲉⲡⲉⲩⲝⲉⲧⲁⲓ ⲙⲉ\nⲟⲡⲱⲥ ⲇⲓⲉⲝⲁⲅⲟⲓ ⲕⲥ̄ ⲧⲏⲛ ⲉⲗⲉⲟⲓⲛⲟ ⲙⲟⲩ ⲃⲓⲟⲛ ⲉⲩⲁⲣⲉⲥⲧⲱⲛ ⲁⲙⲏ̄","english":"...enter my house, for I am a sinful man.\" Jesus said to him, \"Go, and as you have believed, so let it be for you.\" And the son was healed from that hour.\n\nEuxastai hyper emou talas amartolous. Aurillios, Victor elachistou, servant of the blessed Mercurius, deacon of the holy Mercurius, the great general, apostolic, wrote this book. Antonios read the book. He prayed, \"May I, through the mercy of my life, be pleasing to the Lord.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲉⲩⲝⲁⲥⲑⲁⲓ ⲩ̄ⲡⲉⲣ ⲉⲙⲟⲩ ⲉⲅⲱ ⲧⲁⲗⲁⲥ ⲁⲙⲁⲣⲧⲱⲗⲟⲩⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Greek prayer formula marks a shift from narrative to a scribal colophon, a common feature in Coptic hagiographic manuscripts.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁⲩⲣⲓⲗⲗⲓⲟⲥ • ⲃⲓⲕⲧⲱⲣ ⲉⲗⲁⲭⲓⲥⲧⲟⲩ","severity":"info","text":"Aurillios Victor elachistou identifies the scribe as 'Aurelius Victor, the least', a self-deprecating formula typical of Coptic scribal subscriptions.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲁⲛⲧⲱⲛ ⲁⲛⲁⲅⲛⲱⲑⲏ ⲧⲏⲛ ⲃⲩⲃⲗⲓⲟⲩ","severity":"info","text":"Antonios is named as the reader of the book, possibly a monastic figure or a later owner; such colophons record the chain of transmission.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲁⲓⲥ ⲧⲟⲩ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟ ⲙⲉⲣⲕⲟⲩⲣⲓⲟ ⲇⲓⲁⲕⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The scribe identifies himself as a deacon of the blessed Mercurius, indicating the saint's cult had a dedicated clergy, likely in a church or monastery.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲙⲉⲅⲁⲥⲧⲣⲁⲧⲏⲗⲁⲧ ⲁⲡⲟⲧ ⲡⲟⲗ ⲗⲁⲧ","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase 'megas stratelates apostol' is garbled; likely intended as 'great general, apostolic', but the Coptic text shows scribal corruption or abbreviation.","cites":[{"key":"ed:budge-misc.martyrdom-mercurius","label":"source edition: Martyrdom Mercurius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Budge%20Miscellaneous%20OCR%20Output/Budge_Misc_ApocPaul/Apoc%20Paul%20Input/Martyrdom%20Mercurius%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The Greek prayer 'Euxastai hyper emou talas amartolous' is ambiguous: it may be a scribal plea for the sinful reader, or a liturgical formula. The reading taken is a colophon prayer.","The name 'Aurillios Victor' may be a single person or two names; the Coptic punctuation suggests one individual."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[{"kind":"lacuna","severity":"caution","text":"The source is fragmentary here: the edition marks a break or an editorial bracket, and the English carries across it. Treat the bridge as supplied, not translated."}]}]}