{"slug":"amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","id":"coptic:coptic-ocr:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","title":"Macarius AP","author":"Anonymous","genre":"monastic","date":"","tradition":"coptic","coverage":"unknown","publication":{"status":"machine-draft","reviewed_by":null,"model":"deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash:floor","provider":"Relace","generated":"2026-11-14T04:23:17Z","cost_usd":0.026675},"source":{"registry_id":"coptic:coptic-ocr:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","work_id":"amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","edition":"coptic-ocr","license":"GNU GPL-3.0","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"},"stats":{"passages":34,"english_words":7469,"coptic_letters":20666,"commentary_units":194,"commentary_kinds":8,"derived_notes":33,"ambiguities":76,"work_notes":4,"external_links":1,"timeline":4},"summary":{"work":"amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","abstract":"The anonymous collection of sayings and anecdotes about the monk Macarius, known as the Macarius AP, belongs to the Apophthegmata Patrum genre. It preserves oral, didactic traditions of the Desert Fathers, focusing on Macarius the Great (c. 300–390). The sayings recount episodes of monastic life, including flight from clerical office, temptation, and communal judgment. The text survives in a single Coptic manuscript, edited and translated into French by Émile Amélineau in 1894. Its simple, direct language reflects the register of monastic instruction. The collection likely originated in the 4th–5th centuries, though the compilation may be later. It offers insight into early Egyptian monastic spirituality and community dynamics.","historical_context":"The Macarius AP is rooted in the 4th–5th century Egyptian desert monasticism of Scetis and Nitria. The sayings center on Macarius the Great, a disciple of Anthony and founder of monastic communities. The text was transmitted in Coptic, the vernacular of Egyptian monks, and survives in a single manuscript from a monastic library. Amélineau's 1894 edition made it accessible to modern scholarship. The genre, Apophthegmata Patrum, emerged from oral traditions of spiritual counsel and anecdotes, later compiled in Greek, Latin, Syriac, and Coptic. The Coptic version represents a local, less standardized tradition. The collection's focus on Macarius reflects his prominence in monastic hagiography and the Sayings of the Desert Fathers. The manuscript's uniqueness limits cross-textual comparison, but the sayings align with themes in other apophthegmata collections.","significance":"The Macarius AP provides a rare Coptic witness to the Apophthegmata Patrum tradition, preserving local monastic memory and oral teaching. It complements Greek and Latin collections, highlighting regional variation in transmission. The sayings illuminate early Christian asceticism, community discipline, and the figure of Macarius as a spiritual authority. The text is essential for studying the development of monastic literature and Coptic manuscript culture.","timeline":[{"date":"c. 300–390","event":"Life of Macarius the Great, the central figure of the sayings."},{"date":"4th–5th c.","event":"Probable oral formation of the sayings in Egyptian desert monastic communities."},{"date":"5th–6th c.","event":"Possible compilation of the Coptic collection, based on earlier oral and written traditions."},{"date":"1894","event":"Émile Amélineau edits and translates the Coptic text into French, based on a single manuscript."}],"relations":[{"work":"Apophthegmata Patrum (Greek systematic collection)","relation":"Shares genre and many sayings, but Coptic version is independent.","key":"","label":null,"url":null},{"work":"Historia Monachorum in Aegypto","relation":"Related monastic travelogue with similar desert ascetic themes.","key":"","label":null,"url":null},{"work":"Life of Macarius (Coptic)","relation":"Hagiographical work on the same figure, possibly drawing on similar traditions.","key":"","label":null,"url":null},{"work":"Sayings of the Desert Fathers (English translation by Benedicta Ward)","relation":"Modern translation of the Greek collection, parallel to the Coptic sayings.","key":"","label":null,"url":null}],"external_links":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"Amélineau edition of Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt","reason":"Primary source edition and French translation."}],"cautions":["The date of the sayings is uncertain; they likely originated in the 4th–5th centuries but the compilation may be later.","The text survives in a single Coptic manuscript, so variant readings or alternative traditions are not represented.","Authorship is anonymous; attribution to Macarius is traditional but not verifiable.","The edition by Amélineau is based on one codex, limiting textual criticism."],"model":"deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash:floor","provider":"Relace","cost_usd":0.000458,"generated":"2026-11-14T03:31:33Z"},"checks":{"work":"amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","status":"pass","blocking":[],"warnings":[],"stats":{"passages":34,"translated":34,"commentary_passages":34,"commentary_units":194,"english_words":7469,"coptic_letters":20666,"commentary_kinds":8},"model":"deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash:floor"},"work_notes":[{"unit":"transmission","kind":"transmission","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The work survives only in a single Coptic manuscript, with no known Greek or Syriac version. Its textual history is thus confined to the Coptic tradition.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"background","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The text is not cited in later Coptic liturgical or canonical collections. Its reception appears limited to monastic reading circles, if any.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"dating","kind":"chronology","basis":"background","lemma":"","severity":"caution","text":"The work is attributed to Macarius of Alexandria, but the manuscript dates to the 10th–11th century. The attribution rests on internal claims, not external evidence.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"sense","kind":"sense","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"caution","text":"The edition is based on a single, damaged manuscript. Lacunae and uncertain readings are marked but not fully resolved. No critical apparatus is provided.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"derived_work_notes":[{"kind":"limit","severity":"caution","text":"The English is a machine draft produced passage by passage from the transcribed Coptic; no human has verified it. The commentary is model-written and cites only keys the pipeline could resolve."},{"kind":"register","severity":"info","text":"Register: other in Sahidic Coptic; the English keeps the liturgical formulae and the vocatives rather than normalising them."},{"kind":"structure","severity":"info","text":"Passages: 23 narrative, 10 dialogue, 1 doxology."},{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","text":"17 glossary term(s) recorded at first occurrence from a curated list of 53; the term index below gives the rendering and the count."},{"kind":"source","severity":"info","text":"Source edition: coptic-ocr — GNU GPL-3.0"}],"derived_structure":{"narrative":23,"dialogue":10,"doxology":1},"term_index":[{"coptic":"ⲁⲃⲃⲁ","english":"Abba","count":65,"first_passage":1,"note":"The Greek/Syriac form of address, kept where the Coptic keeps it."},{"coptic":"ϣⲗⲏⲗ","english":"pray","count":4,"first_passage":5,"note":""},{"coptic":"ⲉⲕⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ","english":"church","count":4,"first_passage":7,"note":"The building, the congregation, and the institution all take this word; the context decides, and 'assembly' is rare outside citations of Acts."},{"coptic":"ⲙⲁⲑⲏⲧⲏⲥ","english":"disciple","count":3,"first_passage":4,"note":""},{"coptic":"ⲉⲓⲣⲏⲛⲏ","english":"peace","count":3,"first_passage":5,"note":"Greek εἰρήνη. ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲉⲓⲣⲏⲛⲏ in a colophon is the liturgical formula 'in peace', not a comment on civil order."},{"coptic":"ⲥⲱⲙⲁ","english":"body","count":3,"first_passage":11,"note":"In martyrdom accounts ⲥⲱⲙⲁ after death is the corpse; in ascetic literature it is the body as the site of struggle."},{"coptic":"ⲙⲟⲛⲁⲭⲟⲥ","english":"monk","count":3,"first_passage":19,"note":""},{"coptic":"ⲡⲁⲣⲑⲉⲛⲟⲥ","english":"virgin","count":2,"first_passage":1,"note":"Greek παρθένος. In Marian texts the technical sense is fixed; the non-technical 'young woman' belongs to Greek, not to the Coptic usage."},{"coptic":"ⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ","english":"holy","count":2,"first_passage":14,"note":"Adjectivally 'holy'; with the article as a noun it names a saint, and in the plural the saints as a body."},{"coptic":"ϩⲙⲟⲧ","english":"grace","count":1,"first_passage":5,"note":"The unearned favour of God; 'favour' where a human patron is meant."},{"coptic":"ⲁⲗⲗⲏⲗⲟⲩⲓⲁ","english":"hallelujah","count":1,"first_passage":9,"note":""},{"coptic":"ⲁⲡⲟⲥⲧⲟⲗⲟⲥ","english":"apostle","count":1,"first_passage":14,"note":""},{"coptic":"ⲁⲛⲁⲥⲧⲁⲥⲓⲥ","english":"resurrection","count":1,"first_passage":16,"note":"Greek ἀνάστασις; the general resurrection and Christ's are distinguished by context, not by the word."},{"coptic":"ⲯⲩⲭⲏ","english":"soul","count":1,"first_passage":16,"note":"Greek ψυχή; 'life' where the sense is the living person rather than the soul that survives death."},{"coptic":"ⲗⲁⲟⲥ","english":"people","count":1,"first_passage":18,"note":"Greek λαός. In liturgical description it is the congregation as distinct from the clergy, i.e. the laity."},{"coptic":"ⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ","english":"angel","count":1,"first_passage":29,"note":"Greek ἄγγελος; 'messenger' only where a human envoy is meant (rare in this corpus)."},{"coptic":"ⲁⲙⲏⲛ","english":"amen","count":1,"first_passage":34,"note":"Transliterated Hebrew, left untranslated in the liturgy and in the doxologies that close a homily."}],"citations":{"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap":{"label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}},"segments":[{"i":1,"ref":"p1","source":"ⲉⲑⲃⲉ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲡⲓⲛⲓϣϯ\n(-ⲁ̄-) ⲁϥϫⲟⲥ ⲉⲑⲃⲏⲧϥ ⲛⲟⲩⲥⲟⲡ ⲛϫⲉ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲉϥϫⲱ ⲙⲙⲟⲥ\nϫⲉ ϩⲟⲧⲉ ⲛⲉⲓⲟⲓ ⲛⲁⲗⲟⲩ ⲛⲁⲓϩⲉⲙⲥⲓ ⲡⲉ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲣⲓ ϧⲉⲛ ⲭⲏⲙⲓ ⲁⲩⲁⲙⲟⲛⲓ\nⲙⲙⲟⲓ ⲁⲩⲁⲓⲧ ⲛⲕⲗⲏⲣⲓⲕⲟⲥ ⲉⲡⲓϯⲙⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲓⲟⲩⲱϣ ⲁⲛ ⲉϣⲉⲡ ⲡⲓϩⲱⲃ ⲉⲣⲟⲓ\nⲁⲓⲫⲱⲧ ⲉⲕⲉⲧⲟⲡⲟⲥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁϥⲓ ϩⲁⲣⲟⲓ ⲛϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲕⲟⲥⲙⲓⲕⲟⲥ ⲉϥⲉⲣ ϩⲟϯ ϧⲁ ⲧϩⲏ\nⲙⲫ︦ϯ︦ ⲁϥⲱⲗⲓ ⲙⲡⲁϩⲱⲃ ⲛϫⲓϫ ⲁϥⲉⲣⲇⲓⲁⲕⲟⲛⲉⲓⲛ ⲛⲏⲓ. ⲁⲥϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲡⲉⲓⲣⲁⲥⲙⲟⲥ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲟⲩⲡⲁⲣⲑⲉⲛⲟⲥ ⲉⲁⲥϩⲉⲓ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓϯⲙⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲥⲉⲣ\nⲃⲟⲕⲓ ⲡⲉϫⲱⲟⲩ ⲛⲁⲥ ϫⲉ ⲛⲓⲙ ⲡⲉ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲁⲓⲥ ⲛⲉ. ⲛⲑⲟⲥ ⲇⲉ ⲡⲉϫⲁⲥ ϫⲉ ⲡⲓⲁⲛⲁⲭⲱⲣⲏⲧⲏⲥ ⲡⲉ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲓ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲁⲩⲁⲙⲟⲛⲓ ⲙⲙⲟⲓ ⲁⲩⲉⲛⲧ ⲉⲡⲓϯⲙⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ\nⲁⲩⲓϣⲓ ⲛϩⲁⲛ ⲕⲉϣⲓⲱ ⲉⲩⲟϣϫ ⲛⲕⲉⲣⲙⲓ ⲉϧⲏⲧ ⲛⲉⲙ ϩⲁⲛ ⲙⲁϣϫ ⲛⲕⲟⲩⲫⲟⲛ\nⲛⲁⲩⲕⲱϯ ⲛⲉ ⲛⲏⲓ ⲡⲉ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓϯⲙⲓ ⲉⲩϩⲓⲟⲩⲓ ⲉⲣⲟⲓ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ϧⲓⲣ ⲉⲩϫⲱ ⲙⲙⲟⲥ","english":"Concerning Abba Macarius the Great. He said about himself once, Abba Macarius saying: When I was a young child sitting in a cell in Egypt, they compelled me and made me a cleric for the village, and I did not wish to accept the task. I fled to another place, and a worldly man came to me who feared God; he took my hand and served me. But it happened through a temptation of a virgin who fell in the village, and they said to her, \"Who is it that did this to you?\" She said, \"The anchorite.\" And when they came out, they compelled me and brought me to the village, and they brought some potsherds with oil in them and some palm branches, and they were circling around me in the village, mocking me according to custom, saying.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲡⲓⲛⲓϣϯ","severity":"info","text":"The epithet ⲡⲓⲛⲓϣϯ (the Great) distinguishes this Macarius (Macarius the Egyptian, ca. 300–390) from other homonymous figures in the Coptic tradition, such as Macarius of Alexandria.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲡⲁⲣⲑⲉⲛⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"Here ⲡⲁⲣⲑⲉⲛⲟⲥ refers to a young woman (virgin) in a village context, not to the Virgin Mary; the glossary notes that in Marian texts the term is fixed, but in this narrative it carries the non-technical sense.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲕⲗⲏⲣⲓⲕⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The term ⲕⲗⲏⲣⲓⲕⲟⲥ (cleric) indicates that Macarius was compelled into ecclesiastical office (likely a reader or deacon) for a village, a common practice in late antique Egypt where local communities pressured ascetics into clerical roles.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage opens the narrative with a first-person account by Macarius, framed by the introductory formula ⲉⲑⲃⲉ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲡⲓⲛⲓϣϯ and the repeated ⲁϥϫⲟⲥ ⲉⲑⲃⲏⲧϥ, establishing a hagiographic self-testimony.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁⲩⲓϣⲓ ⲛϩⲁⲛ ⲕⲉϣⲓⲱ","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase ⲁⲩⲓϣⲓ ⲛϩⲁⲛ ⲕⲉϣⲓⲱ (they brought some potsherds) is textually uncertain; the Coptic OCR may have misread ⲕⲉϣⲓⲱ (potsherds) for a similar word, and the ritual described (oil, palm branches, circling) is obscure.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The motif of a virgin falsely accusing an anchorite appears in multiple desert father collections (e.g., Apophthegmata Patrum), reflecting a topos of slander and vindication in early monastic literature.","cites":[],"named_sources":["Apophthegmata Patrum"],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of the 'worldly man' (ⲟⲩⲕⲟⲥⲙⲓⲕⲟⲥ) who serves Macarius is not specified; the ritual with potsherds and palm branches is unclear in its exact meaning; the Coptic OCR may contain errors in the sequence ⲁⲩⲓϣⲓ ⲛϩⲁⲛ ⲕⲉϣⲓⲱ."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲡⲁⲣⲑⲉⲛⲟⲥ","text":"ⲡⲁⲣⲑⲉⲛⲟⲥ → “virgin”. Greek παρθένος. In Marian texts the technical sense is fixed; the non-technical 'young woman' belongs to Greek, not to the Coptic usage."},{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲁⲃⲃⲁ","text":"ⲁⲃⲃⲁ → “Abba”. The Greek/Syriac form of address, kept where the Coptic keeps it."}]},{"i":2,"ref":"p2","source":"ϫⲉ ⲁ ⲡⲁⲓⲙⲟⲛⲁⲭⲟⲥ ⲥⲉϥ ⲧⲉⲛϣⲉⲉⲣⲓ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲩ‐ (-ⲃ︦-) ϩⲓⲟⲩⲓ ⲉⲣⲟⲓ\nⲉⲑⲣⲓⲙⲟⲩ ϣⲁⲧⲉⲛ ⲕⲉⲕⲟⲩϫⲓ. ⲉⲧⲁϥⲓ ⲛϫⲉ ⲟⲩϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲱⲟⲩ ϫⲉ ϣⲁ\nⲑⲛⲁⲩ ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϧⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲙⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲙⲙⲟⲛⲁⲭⲟⲥ. ⲫⲏ ⲇⲉ ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲇⲓⲁⲕⲟⲛⲉⲓⲛ\nⲛⲏⲓ ⲛⲁϥⲙⲟϣⲓ ⲛⲥⲱⲓ ⲡⲉ ⲉϥϣⲫⲓⲧ ⲛⲉϣⲁⲩⲉⲣ ⲟⲩⲙⲏϣ ⲛϩⲱⲟⲩϣ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ⲡⲉ\nⲉⲩϫⲱ ⲙⲙⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲓⲥ ⲡⲓⲁⲛⲁⲭⲱⲣⲏⲧⲏⲥ ⲫⲏ ⲛⲑⲟⲕ ⲉⲧⲉⲕⲉⲣ ⲙⲉⲑⲣⲉ ⲉⲑⲃⲏⲧϥ\nϫⲉ ⲁϥⲉⲣ ⲟⲩ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲛⲉⲥⲓⲟϯ ϫⲉ ⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲭⲁϥ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲁⲛ ϣⲁⲧⲉϥϯ\nⲡϣⲧⲱⲣⲓ ⲉϣⲁⲛⲟⲩϣⲥ. ⲁⲓϫⲟⲥ ⲙⲫⲏ ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲇⲓⲁⲕⲟⲛⲉⲓⲛ ⲛⲏⲓ ⲁϥⲉⲣ ⲡϣⲧⲱⲣⲓ\nⲙⲙⲟⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁⲓϣⲉ ⲛⲏⲓ ⲉⲧⲁⲣⲓ ⲛⲏ ⲉⲧⲉ ⲛⲧⲟⲧ ⲙⲃⲓⲣ ⲁⲓⲧⲏⲓⲧⲟⲩ ⲛⲁϥ ⲉⲓϫⲱ\nⲙⲙⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲙⲏⲓⲧⲟⲩ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲙⲏⲓⲧⲟⲩ ⲛⲧⲁⲥϩⲓⲙⲓ ⲛⲧⲉⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲁⲓϫⲱ\nⲙⲙⲟⲥ ⲙⲡⲁⲙⲉⲩⲓ ϫⲉ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ϩⲏⲡⲡⲉ ⲁⲕϫⲉⲙ ⲟⲩⲥϩⲓⲙⲓ ⲛⲁⲕ ⲥⲉⲣ\nⲭⲣⲉⲓⲁ ⲛⲧⲉⲕⲉⲣ ϩⲱⲃ ⲛⲟⲩⲕⲟⲩϫⲓ ⲛϩⲟⲩⲟ ϩⲓⲛⲁ ⲛⲧⲉⲕϣⲁⲛⲟⲩϣⲥ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ\nⲛⲁⲓⲉⲣ ϩⲱⲃ ⲛⲉϫⲱⲣϩ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲙⲉⲣⲓ ⲉⲓⲟⲩⲱⲣⲡ ⲛⲁⲥ. ϩⲟⲧⲉ ⲇⲉ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲓ ⲛϫⲉ\nⲡⲥⲏⲟⲩ ⲛϯⲧⲁⲗⲁⲓⲡⲱⲣⲟⲥ ⲉⲑⲣⲉⲥⲙⲓⲥⲓ ⲉⲧⲁⲥϭⲓ ⲙⲕⲁϩ ⲛⲟⲩⲙⲏϣ ⲛϩⲟⲩⲟ\nⲙⲡⲉⲥⲙⲓⲥⲓ (-ⲅ̄-) ⲡⲉϫⲱⲟⲩ ⲛⲁⲥ ϫⲉ ⲟⲩ ⲡⲉ ⲫⲁⲓ. ⲛⲑⲟⲥ ⲇⲉ ⲡⲉϫⲁⲥ ϫⲉ ϯⲉⲙⲓ\nⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲉⲫⲙⲁ ϫⲉ ⲁⲓϭⲓ ⲡⲓⲁⲛⲁⲭⲱⲣⲏⲧⲏⲥ ⲛϫⲟⲛⲥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲓϩⲓⲗⲁ ⲛⲛⲟⲩϫ","english":"that this monk had fled from them and they had come against me to make me go to the other villages. An old man came and said to them, “Until when will you kill the old monk?” But the one who served as deacon for me used to follow me, and they would make many plots against him, saying, “Behold the anchorite, the one who bore witness concerning him that he did something.” And his parents said, “We will not let him go until he gives the disturbance to the one who has sinned.” I said to the one who served as deacon for me, and he caused me disturbance, and when I went to do for them what was not in my power, I gave them to him, saying, “Give them to her, give them to my wife to eat.” And I said in my thought, “Macarius, behold, you have found a wife for yourself; they need you to do a little more work so that you may sin.” And I worked at weaving and ropes, sending them to her. But when the time came for the wretched one to give birth, she suffered much pain in her giving birth. They said to her, “What is this?” And she said, “I do not know the place, for I took the anchorite by force and I lied to the people.","structure":"dialogue","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲛⲁⲭⲱⲣⲏⲧⲏⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Greek loanword ⲁⲛⲁⲭⲱⲣⲏⲧⲏⲥ (anachōrētēs) designates a monk who withdraws from settled life, often into the desert. Here it is used by the villagers as a title for Macarius, but with ironic or accusatory force.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲇⲓⲁⲕⲟⲛⲉⲓⲛ","severity":"info","text":"The verb ⲇⲓⲁⲕⲟⲛⲉⲓⲛ (from Greek diakonein) means 'to serve' or 'to act as deacon'. In this passage it refers to a lay assistant who serves Macarius, not necessarily an ordained deacon.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage continues the first-person narrative of Macarius, shifting from his flight from clerical ordination to a false accusation of rape. The dialogue between the old man, the parents, and the woman builds dramatic tension before the woman's confession.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"background","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The motif of a monk falsely accused of fathering a child is a common hagiographical topos, found also in the Life of St. Mary of Egypt and the Apophthegmata Patrum. It tests the monk's humility and trust in God.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲥⲉϥ","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic ⲥⲉϥ (fled) is clear, but the preceding phrase ⲁ ⲡⲁⲓⲙⲟⲛⲁⲭⲟⲥ ⲥⲉϥ ⲧⲉⲛϣⲉⲉⲣⲓ ⲉⲣⲟϥ is ambiguous: it could mean 'this monk had fled from them' (as in the English draft) or 'this monk had fled, and the girl [fled] to him'. The reading taken follows the draft.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase ⲁ ⲡⲁⲓⲙⲟⲛⲁⲭⲟⲥ ⲥⲉϥ ⲧⲉⲛϣⲉⲉⲣⲓ ⲉⲣⲟϥ is syntactically ambiguous: the subject of ⲥⲉϥ could be the monk or the girl. The draft takes the monk as subject and ⲧⲉⲛϣⲉⲉⲣⲓ as a plural object ('them'), but the Coptic word ⲧⲉⲛϣⲉⲉⲣⲓ is singular ('the girl'). The reading adopted here follows the draft's sense, but the text may be corrupt.","The phrase ⲁⲩ‐ (-ⲃ︦-) ϩⲓⲟⲩⲓ ⲉⲣⲟⲓ is damaged: the supralinear ⲃ︦ may indicate a numeral or an abbreviation. The draft reads 'they had come against me', but the exact verb is uncertain."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[{"kind":"structure","severity":"info","label":"dialogue","text":"Classified as dialogue from the Coptic cues."}]},{"i":3,"ref":"p3","source":"ⲉⲣⲟϥ ⲫⲁⲓ ⲙⲙⲟⲛ ϩⲱⲃ ⲛⲧⲁϥ ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ⲡⲁⲫⲙⲁⲛ ⲛϧⲉⲗϣⲓⲣⲓ ⲁϥⲑⲣⲓⲉⲣ ⲃⲟⲕⲓ. ⲉⲧⲁϥⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲛϫⲉ ⲫⲏ ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲇⲓⲁⲕⲟⲛⲉⲓⲛ ⲛⲏⲓ ⲉϥⲣⲁϣⲓ ⲛⲁϥϫⲱ ⲙⲙⲟⲥ\nⲡⲉ ϫⲉ ⲙⲡⲉⲥϣϫⲉⲙϫⲟⲙ ⲙⲙⲓⲥⲓ ⲛϫⲉ ϯⲡⲁⲣⲑⲉⲛⲟⲥ ϣⲁⲧⲉⲥⲉⲣⲟⲙⲟⲗⲟⲅⲉⲓⲛ\nⲉⲥϫⲱ ⲙⲙⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲙⲙⲟⲛ ϩⲱⲃ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲓⲁⲛⲁⲭⲱⲣⲏⲧⲏⲥ ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ⲁⲓϫⲉ ⲙⲉⲑⲛⲟⲩϫ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ϩⲏⲡⲡⲉ ⲓⲥ ⲡⲓϯⲙⲓ ⲧⲏⲣϥ ⲥⲉⲟⲩⲱϣ ⲉⲓ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲟⲩⲱⲟⲩ ⲉϯⲙⲉⲧⲁⲛⲟⲓⲁ ⲛⲁⲕ. ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲇⲉ ⲉⲧⲁⲓⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ ⲉⲛⲁⲓ ϩⲓⲛⲁ ⲛⲧⲉϣⲧⲉⲙ ⲛⲓⲣⲱⲙⲓ ϯ ϧⲓⲥⲓ\nⲛⲏⲓ ⲁⲓⲧⲱⲛⲧ ⲁⲓⲫⲱⲧ ⲁⲓⲓ ⲉⲙⲛⲁⲓ ⲉϣⲓⲏⲧ ⲑⲁⲓ ⲉⲧⲉ ⲧⲁⲣⲭⲏ ⲙⲡⲓϩⲱⲃ ⲉⲧⲁⲓⲓ\nⲙⲛⲁⲓ ⲉⲑⲃⲏⲧϥ. ϩⲁⲛ ϩⲉⲗⲗⲟⲓ ⲁⲩϣⲉⲛ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲡⲓⲣⲉⲙ ⲛⲭⲏⲙⲓ ϫⲉ ⲉϣⲱⲡ\nⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲙ ⲓⲉ ⲉϣⲱⲡ ⲉⲕⲉⲣⲛⲏⲥⲧⲉⲩⲉⲓⲛ ⲡⲉⲕⲥⲱⲙⲁ ⲛⲑⲟϥ ⲛⲑⲟϥ ⲡⲉ ⲉϥϣⲟⲩⲱⲟⲩ. ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲛⲱⲟⲩ ϫⲉ ⲡⲓϣⲉ ⲉⲧⲫⲱⲛϩ ⲛⲛⲓⲗⲉⲃϣ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲭⲣⲱⲙ\nⲡⲓⲭⲣⲱⲙ ⲟⲩⲱⲙ ⲛⲥⲱϥ ⲉϥⲙⲏⲛ ⲡⲁⲓⲣⲏϯ ⲉϣⲱⲡ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲓⲣⲱⲙⲓ ⲧⲟⲩⲃⲟ\nⲙⲡⲉϥϩⲏⲧ ⲉ- (-ⲇ-) ϧⲟⲩⲛ ⲉϯ ϩⲟϯ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲫϯ ⲛⲑⲟⲥ ϯϩⲟϯ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲫϯ ⲥⲟⲩⲱⲙ\nⲛⲥⲁ ⲛⲉϥⲕⲁⲥ. ⲁϥϫⲟⲥ ⲛϫⲉ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲡⲁⲫⲛⲟⲩϯ ⲡⲓⲙⲁⲑⲏⲧⲏⲥ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ϫⲉ\nⲁ ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ϫⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲉⲓⲟⲓ ⲛⲁⲗⲟⲩ ⲛⲁⲓⲙⲟⲛⲓ ⲛϩⲁⲛ ⲉϩⲱⲟⲩ ⲛⲉⲙ ϩⲁⲛ ⲕⲉⲁⲗⲱⲟⲩⲓ ⲁⲩϣⲉ ⲛⲱⲟⲩ ⲉϭⲉⲗ ϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁ ⲟⲩⲓ ϩⲉⲓ ⲛⲥⲱⲟⲩ ⲉⲧⲁⲓϭⲓⲧⲥ ⲁⲓⲟⲩⲟⲙⲥ ⲉϣⲱⲡ ⲁⲓϣⲁⲛⲉⲣ ⲫⲙⲉⲩⲓ ⲉⲓϩⲉⲙⲥⲓ ϯⲣⲓⲙⲓ. ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲡⲟⲓⲙⲏⲛ ⲁϥϯ ϩⲟ ⲛϩⲁⲛ ⲙⲏϣ ⲙⲙⲉⲧⲁⲛⲟⲓⲁ ⲉⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ\nⲉϥϫⲱ ⲙⲙⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲁϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲛⲏⲓ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁ ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲉⲣ ⲟⲩⲱ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ\nⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲡⲓϩⲱⲃ ⲉⲧⲉⲕⲕⲱϯ ⲛⲥⲱϥ ⲁϥⲥⲓⲛⲓ ϯⲛⲟⲩ ϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲓⲙⲟⲛⲁⲭⲟⲥ.","english":"to him. This is not a work of his, but my place of the old man made him go to the village. When the one who served as deacon for me came out, he was rejoicing and saying, “The virgin was not able to bear until she confessed, saying, ‘This is not the work of the anchorite, but I have spoken falsehood against him. Behold, the whole village wants to come with honor to give repentance to you.’” When I heard these things, so that the men would not give me trouble, I rose and fled and came to this place of the desert, which is the beginning of the work I came here for. Some old men asked Abba Macarius the Egyptian, “If you eat or if you fast, your body itself is honored.” The old man said to them, “The fire that burns the wicks in the lamp—the fire consumes them. Likewise, if a man purifies his heart within, the fear of God consumes his bones.” Abba Paphnutius, the disciple of Abba Macarius, said, “The old man said, ‘I was a child in the monastery among some bad and some good ones. They went to cut reeds, and one fell behind them. I took it and ate it. If I had remembered, I would have sat and wept.’” Abba Poemen gave many acts of repentance to Abba Macarius, saying, “Say a word to me.” And when the old man answered, he said to him, “The thing you seek has now become known among the monks.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲡⲁⲣⲑⲉⲛⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The term ⲡⲁⲣⲑⲉⲛⲟⲥ (virgin) is used here in a non-Marian context, referring to a female figure in the narrative. The glossary notes that in Coptic usage the technical sense is fixed, but here it likely denotes a young woman or a consecrated virgin, not the Theotokos.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲃⲃⲁ","severity":"info","text":"The address ⲁⲃⲃⲁ (Abba) is retained from the Coptic, following the glossary's fixed rendering. It is used for Macarius and other monastic figures, reflecting the Greek/Syriac honorific for senior monks.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"background","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The narrative mentions Abba Macarius the Egyptian, Abba Paphnutius, and Abba Poemen, all prominent figures in Coptic monastic literature. The sayings and anecdotes here are typical of the Apophthegmata Patrum tradition, though the work is anonymous.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage shifts from a first-person narrative (the anchorite's flight) to a series of sayings by old men (Abba Macarius, Abba Paphnutius, Abba Poemen). The structural cue 'ϩⲁⲛ ϩⲉⲗⲗⲟⲓ' (some old men) marks the transition to a new unit of teaching.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲓⲁⲛⲁⲭⲱⲣⲏⲧⲏⲥ","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic ⲡⲓⲁⲛⲁⲭⲱⲣⲏⲧⲏⲥ (anchorite) is ambiguous: it may refer to the narrator or to another monk. The English draft takes it as the narrator, but the Coptic allows the reading that the virgin spoke falsely about 'the anchorite' (a third party).","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"background","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The saying about the fire consuming wicks and the fear of God consuming bones is a known monastic metaphor, found in other collections of apophthegmata. Its inclusion here shows the work's reliance on traditional sayings material.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The Coptic phrase ⲡⲓⲁⲛⲁⲭⲱⲣⲏⲧⲏⲥ (anchorite) could refer to the narrator or to another figure; the English draft assumes the narrator, but the text is not explicit.","The identity of the virgin (ⲡⲁⲣⲑⲉⲛⲟⲥ) is unclear; she may be a local woman or a consecrated virgin, but the context does not specify.","The transition from first-person narrative to sayings is abrupt; the Coptic may have a lacuna or the structure may be intentionally loose."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":4,"ref":"p4","source":"ⲁⲩϫⲟⲥ ⲉⲑⲃⲉ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲡⲓⲣⲉⲙ ⲛⲭⲏⲙⲓ ϫⲉ ⲉϣⲱⲡ ⲁϥϣⲁⲛϣⲁϣⲛⲓ ⲛⲉⲙ ϩⲁⲛ ⲥⲛⲏⲟⲩ ⲉⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ ⲛⲁϥⲥⲉⲙⲛⲓ ⲛⲁϥ ⲛⲟⲩⲑⲱϣ ⲡⲉ ϩⲓⲛⲁ\nⲁⲣⲉϣⲁⲛ ⲟⲩⲏⲣⲡ ϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲛⲧϣⲉⲃⲓⲱ ⲛⲟⲩⲁⲫⲟⲧ ⲛⲧⲉϥⲉⲣ ⲟⲩⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ ⲛⲁⲧⲥⲉ\nⲙⲱⲟⲩ. ⲛⲑⲱⲟⲩ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲓⲥⲛⲏⲟⲩ ⲉⲑⲃⲉ ⲟⲩⲙⲧⲟⲛ ⲛⲁⲩϯ ⲏⲣⲡ ⲛⲁϥ ⲡⲉ. ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ\nⲇⲉ ⲛⲁϥϭⲓ ⲡⲉ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲣⲁϣⲓ ϩⲓⲛⲁ ⲛⲧⲉϥⲧϩⲉⲙⲕⲟϥ ⲙⲙⲁⲩⲁⲧϥ. ⲡⲉϥⲙⲁⲑⲏⲧⲏⲥ ⲇⲉ ⲉϥⲉⲙⲓ ⲉⲡⲓϩⲱⲃ (-ⲉ̄-) ⲛⲁϥϫⲱ ⲙⲙⲟⲥ ⲛⲱⲟⲩ ⲡⲉ ϫⲉ ⲉⲑⲃⲉ ⲫϯ\nⲙⲡⲉⲣϯ ⲏⲣⲡ ⲛⲁϥ ⲙⲙⲟⲛ ϩⲱϯ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ⲡⲉ ⲉⲉⲣⲕⲟⲗⲁⲍⲉⲓⲛ ⲙⲙⲟϥ ϧⲉⲛ ϯⲣⲓ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁ ⲛⲓⲥⲛⲏⲟⲩ ⲉⲙⲓ ⲉⲡⲓϩⲱⲃ ⲛⲁⲩ ϫⲉ ϯ ⲛⲁϥ ⲁⲛ ⲡⲉ. ⲉϥⲥⲓⲛⲓⲱⲟⲩ ⲛⲟⲩⲥⲟⲡ ⲛϫⲉ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓϩⲉⲗⲟⲥ ⲉⲧⲉϥⲣⲓ\nⲉϥϥⲁⲓ ⲛϩⲁⲛ ⲃⲏⲧ ⲁϥⲉⲣⲁⲡⲁⲛⲧⲁⲛ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ⲛϫⲉ ⲡⲓⲇⲓⲁⲃⲟⲗⲟⲥ ϩⲓ ⲡⲓⲙⲱⲓⲧ\nⲛⲉⲙ ⲟⲩⲭⲣⲟⲃⲓ ⲛⲁϥⲕⲱϯ ⲛⲥⲁ ⲧⲟⲛⲱ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ⲡⲉ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲙⲡⲉϥϣϫⲉⲙϫⲟⲙ. ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲱ ⲃⲓⲁ ⲛⲧⲟⲧⲕ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲙⲙⲟⲛ ϣϫⲟⲙ ⲙⲙⲟⲓ","english":"They said about Abba Macarius the Egyptian that if he happened to argue with some brothers who were eating, they would prepare a portion for him, so that if there was wine, he would take a small cup of it and make that day without water. But the brothers, for the sake of rest, would give him wine. The old man would receive it with joy, so that he might humble himself alone. His disciple, however, knowing the matter, would say to them, \"For God's sake, do not give him wine, for he will not refrain from punishing himself in the desert.\" And when the brothers learned of the matter, they would not give it to him. Once, Abba Macarius was coming from the desert, carrying some palm leaves, and the devil met him on the road with a scythe, seeking to strike him, but he could not. He said to him, \"O wicked one, you have no power over me, Macarius.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"sense","kind":"sense","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁⲩϫⲟⲥ ⲉⲑⲃⲉ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲡⲓⲣⲉⲙ ⲛⲭⲏⲙⲓ","severity":"info","text":"The opening formula 'They said about Abba Macarius the Egyptian' is a standard apophthegmata incipit, framing the anecdote as a saying from the desert tradition.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲃⲃⲁ","severity":"info","text":"The title 'Abba' (ⲁⲃⲃⲁ) is retained from the Greek/Syriac, indicating the monastic father's authority; it is not translated as 'father' in the English draft.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲙⲁⲑⲏⲧⲏⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Greek loanword ⲙⲁⲑⲏⲧⲏⲥ is rendered as 'disciple' per the pinned glossary, distinguishing the monastic follower from a generic student.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲓⲇⲓⲁⲃⲟⲗⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The devil (ⲡⲓⲇⲓⲁⲃⲟⲗⲟⲥ) appears with a scythe (ⲭⲣⲟⲃⲓ), a motif common in Coptic monastic literature symbolizing temptation and the threat of spiritual harm.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁ ⲛⲓⲥⲛⲏⲟⲩ ⲉⲙⲓ ⲉⲡⲓϩⲱⲃ","severity":"info","text":"The passage shifts from a general practice (wine avoidance) to a specific encounter with the devil, marked by 'And when the brothers learned of the matter' and 'Once' (ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁ).","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲓϩⲉⲗⲟⲥ ⲉⲧⲉϥⲣⲓ","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase 'from the desert' (ⲉⲃⲟⲗϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓϩⲉⲗⲟⲥ ⲉⲧⲉϥⲣⲓ) is ambiguous: ⲣⲓ may be a variant of ⲣⲏ (sun) or a scribal error; the English draft reads 'desert' based on context.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The Coptic ⲣⲓ in ⲉⲧⲉϥⲣⲓ is uncertain; it may be a corruption of ⲣⲏ (sun) or a toponym; the translation 'desert' is contextual.","The phrase ⲛⲁϥⲥⲉⲙⲛⲓ ⲛⲁϥ ⲛⲟⲩⲑⲱϣ (they would prepare a portion for him) could imply a communal meal or a specific ascetic practice; the exact custom is not detailed."],"confidence":"high","notes":[{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲙⲁⲑⲏⲧⲏⲥ","text":"ⲙⲁⲑⲏⲧⲏⲥ → “disciple”. Standard rendering; first occurrence is noted here, the term recurs below."}]},{"i":5,"ref":"p5","source":"ⲟⲩⲃⲏⲕ ϩⲏⲡⲡⲉ ⲓⲥ ⲡⲉⲧⲉⲕⲓⲣⲓ ⲙⲙⲟϥ ϯⲣⲁ ⲙⲙⲟϥ ϩⲱ ⲕⲉⲣⲛⲏⲥⲧⲉⲩⲉⲓⲛ ⲁⲛⲟⲕ\nⲇⲉ ϯⲟⲩⲱⲙ ⲁⲛ ⲉⲡⲧⲏⲣϥ ⲕⲉⲣ ϣⲣⲱⲓⲥ ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲇⲉ ϯⲉⲛⲕⲟⲧ ⲁⲛ ⲉⲡⲧⲏⲣϥ ⲟⲩⲁⲓ\nⲙⲙⲁⲩⲁⲧϥ ⲡⲉ ⲉⲧⲉⲕϭⲣⲏⲟⲩⲧ ⲉⲣⲟⲓ ⲛϧⲏⲧϥ. ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲛⲁϥ\nϫⲉ ⲁϣ ⲡⲉ ⲫⲁⲓ. ⲛⲑⲟϥ ⲇⲉ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲡⲉⲕⲑⲉⲃⲓⲟ ⲡⲉ ⲉⲑⲃⲉ ⲡⲉⲕⲑⲉⲃⲓⲟ ⲅⲁⲣ\nⲙⲙⲟⲛ ϣϫⲟⲙ ⲙⲙⲟⲓ ⲟⲩⲃⲏⲕ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲫⲱⲣϣ ⲛⲛⲉϥϭⲓϫ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲁϥⲉⲣ\nⲁⲑⲟⲩⲱⲛϩ ⲛϫⲉ ⲡⲓⲇⲁⲓⲙⲱⲛ.\nⲁⲩϫⲟⲥ ⲉⲑⲃⲉ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ ⲉⲑⲃⲏⲧϥ ⲛϫⲉ ⲁⲅⲁⲑⲟⲛⲓⲕⲟⲥ ⲡⲉⲡⲁⲣⲭⲟⲥ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲁⲛ‐ (-ⲋ̄-) ⲧⲓⲟⲭⲓⲁ ϫⲉ ⲁϥⲉⲣ ⲛⲁⲓⲛⲓϣϯ ⲛϫⲟⲙ\nⲛⲉⲙ ⲛⲁⲓϩⲙⲟⲧ ⲛⲧⲁⲗϭⲟ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ ⲡⲉⲛⲟ︦ⲥ︦ ⲓ︦ⲭ︦ⲥ︦ ⲡⲭ︦ⲥ︦ ⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲣⲡ ϩⲁⲣⲟϥ\nⲛⲧⲉϥϣⲉⲣⲓ ⲉⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲟⲩⲡⲛ︦ⲁ︦ ⲛⲁⲕⲁⲑⲁⲣⲧⲟⲛ ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲥ ϫⲉ ϩⲓⲛⲁ ⲛⲧⲉϥϣⲗⲏⲗ\nⲉϫⲱⲥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓϩⲙⲟⲧ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲫϯ ⲉⲧϣⲟⲡ ⲛϧⲏⲧϥ ⲉⲧⲁϥϣⲗⲏⲗ ⲉϫⲱⲥ\nⲁⲥⲟⲩϫⲁⲓ ⲛϯⲟⲩⲛⲟⲩ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁϥⲟⲩⲟⲣⲡⲥ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩϩⲉⲓⲣⲏⲛⲏ ϩⲁ ⲛⲏ ⲉⲧⲉ ⲛⲟⲩⲥ\nⲛⲓⲟϯ. ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲛⲁϥ ⲇⲉ ⲛϫⲉ ⲡⲉⲥⲓⲱⲧ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲧⲉⲥⲙⲁⲩ ⲉⲡⲓⲧⲁⲗϭⲟ ⲉⲧⲁ ⲡⲭⲥ ⲁⲓϥ\nⲛⲉⲙ ⲧⲟⲩϣⲉⲣⲓ ϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ ⲛⲓϣⲗⲏⲗ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲛⲓⲧⲱⲃϩ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲫⲏ ⲉⲑⲟⲩⲁⲃ ⲛϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ\nⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲁⲩϣⲉⲡ ϩⲙⲟⲧ ⲙⲡⲉⲛⲟ︦ⲥ︦ ⲓ︦ⲏ︦ⲥ︦ ⲡⲭ︦ⲥ︦.\nⲁϥϫⲟⲥ ⲛϫⲉ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲡⲓϫⲓⲙⲓ ϫⲉ ⲁ ⲡⲓⲙⲁⲑⲏⲧⲏⲥ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ\nⲥⲁϫⲓ ϧⲁⲧⲟⲧ ⲉϥϫⲱ ⲙⲙⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲁ ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ϫⲟⲥ ⲛⲏⲓ ⲛⲟⲩⲥⲟⲡ ϫⲉ ⲉⲓϩⲉⲙⲥⲓ","english":"against you. Behold, it is what you do, I drink it, and I also fast, but I do not eat at all, and I also keep vigil, but I do not sleep at all. It is only you who are strong against me in this. Abba Macarius said to him, \"What is this?\" And he said, \"It is your humility. Because of your humility, I have no power against you.\" And he spread out his hands, and the demon became visible.\n\nIt was said about Abba Macarius that when Agathonicus, the eparch of Antioch, heard about him, that he had performed great healings and miracles through our Lord Jesus Christ, he sent for him his daughter, who had an unclean spirit with her, so that he might pray over her. And through the grace of God that was in him, when he prayed over her, she was healed immediately, and he sent her away in peace to her parents. When her father and mother saw the healing that Christ had performed for their daughter through the prayers and supplications of the holy old man Abba Macarius, they gave thanks to our Lord Jesus Christ.\n\nAbba Pijimi said, \"The disciple of Abba Macarius spoke before him, saying, 'The old man said to me once, \"If I sit","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲃⲃⲁ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic retains the Greek/Syriac address 'Abba' for Macarius, consistent with the pinned glossary rendering.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ϩⲙⲟⲧ","severity":"info","text":"The term 'grace' (ϩⲙⲟⲧ) here refers to the unearned divine favour through which Macarius heals the girl, as per the pinned glossary.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ϣⲗⲏⲗ","severity":"info","text":"The verb 'pray' (ϣⲗⲏⲗ) is used twice in the healing episode, emphasizing the liturgical action of Macarius.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁⲅⲁⲑⲟⲛⲓⲕⲟⲥ ⲡⲉⲡⲁⲣⲭⲟⲥ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲁⲛⲧⲓⲟⲭⲓⲁ","severity":"info","text":"Agathonicus, eparch of Antioch, is a high-ranking official; this detail situates the story in a late antique administrative context, though the figure is otherwise unattested.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲡⲓϫⲓⲙⲓ","severity":"info","text":"Abba Pijimi is cited as a secondary witness to Macarius's sayings, indicating the transmission of the apophthegm through a chain of monastic tradents.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁⲛ- (-ⲋ̄-) ⲧⲓⲟⲭⲓⲁ","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic text has a lacuna or abbreviation after 'ⲁⲛ-', likely 'ⲁⲛⲧⲓⲟⲭⲓⲁ' (Antioch); the reading is restored from context and the English draft.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The Coptic 'ⲁⲛ- (-ⲋ̄-) ⲧⲓⲟⲭⲓⲁ' is partially corrupt; the reading 'Antioch' is assumed from the English draft and standard geography.","The phrase 'ⲡⲉⲕⲑⲉⲃⲓⲟ' (your humility) is the demon's explanation for its powerlessness, but the exact nuance of 'humility' as an ascetic virtue is implied rather than explicit."],"confidence":"high","notes":[{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲉⲓⲣⲏⲛⲏ","text":"ⲉⲓⲣⲏⲛⲏ → “peace”. Greek εἰρήνη. ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲉⲓⲣⲏⲛⲏ in a colophon is the liturgical formula 'in peace', not a comment on civil order."},{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ϩⲙⲟⲧ","text":"ϩⲙⲟⲧ → “grace”. The unearned favour of God; 'favour' where a human patron is meant."},{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ϣⲗⲏⲗ","text":"ϣⲗⲏⲗ → “pray”. Standard rendering; first occurrence is noted here, the term recurs below."}]},{"i":6,"ref":"p6","source":"ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲁⲙⲁ ⲛϣⲱⲡⲓ ϧⲉⲛ ϣⲓⲏⲧ ⲁⲩⲓ ⲉϧⲣⲏⲓ ⲛϫⲉ ⲁⲗⲟⲩ ⲃ︦ ⲛϣⲉⲙⲙⲟ ⲛⲝⲉⲛⲓⲕⲟⲥ ⲡⲓⲟⲩⲁⲓ ⲙⲉⲛ ⲛⲉ ⲁϥⲉⲣ ⲙⲟⲣⲧ ⲡⲉ ⲡⲓⲭⲉⲧ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲉ ⲁϥϩⲓ ⲁⲣⲭⲏ ⲙⲙⲟⲣⲧ\nⲡⲉ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲩⲓ ϩⲁⲣⲟϥ ⲉⲩϫⲱ ⲙⲙⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲁⲥⲑⲱⲛ ⲧⲣⲓ ⲛⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ.\nⲡⲉϫⲏⲓ ⲛⲱⲟⲩ ϫⲉ ⲉ‐ (-ⲍ-) ⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲣ ⲟⲩ ⲛⲁϥ. ⲡⲉϫⲱⲟⲩ ⲛⲏⲓ ϫⲉ ⲉⲧⲁⲛⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ ⲉⲑⲃⲉ ⲛⲉϥϩⲃⲏⲟⲩⲓ ⲛⲉⲙ ϣⲓⲏⲧ ⲁⲛⲓ ϫⲉ ⲛⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲩ ⲉⲣⲟϥ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲉϫⲏⲓ\nⲛⲱⲟⲩ ϫⲉ ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲡⲉ. ⲛⲑⲱⲟⲩ ⲇⲉ ⲁⲩϯ ⲙⲉⲧⲁⲛⲟⲓⲁ ⲛⲏⲓ ⲉⲩϫⲱ ⲙⲙⲟⲥ ϫⲉ\nⲛⲟⲩⲱϣ ⲉϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲙⲡⲁⲓⲙⲁ. ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ϫⲉ ⲁⲓⲛⲁⲩ ⲉⲣⲱⲟⲩ ⲉⲩϫⲏⲛ ⲛⲉⲙ ϩⲱⲥ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲙⲉⲧⲣⲁⲙⲁⲟ ⲡⲉϫⲏⲓ ⲛⲱⲟⲩ ϫⲉ ⲙⲙⲟⲛ ϣϫⲟⲙ ⲙⲙⲱⲧⲉⲛ ⲉϩⲉⲙⲥⲓ\nⲙⲡⲁⲓⲙⲁ. ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲓⲛⲓϣϯ ϫⲉ ⲉϣⲱⲡ ⲁⲛϣⲧⲉⲙϫⲉⲙϫⲟⲙ ⲛϩⲉⲙⲥⲓ ⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁϩⲱⲗ ⲉⲕⲉⲙⲁ. ⲡⲉϫⲏⲓ ⲙⲡⲁⲙⲉⲩⲓ ϫⲉ ⲉⲑⲃⲉ ⲟⲩ ϯⲛⲁϭⲟϫⲓ ⲛⲥⲱⲟⲩ ⲛⲧⲁⲩⲉⲣⲥⲕⲁⲛⲇⲁⲗⲓⲍⲉⲥⲑⲁⲓ. ⲡⲉϫⲏⲓ ⲛⲱⲟⲩ ϫⲉ ⲁⲙⲱⲓⲛⲓ ⲙⲁⲑⲁⲙⲓⲉ ⲟⲩⲣⲓ ⲛⲱⲧⲉⲛ\nⲓⲥϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ϣϫⲟⲙ ⲙⲙⲱⲧⲉⲛ. ⲡⲉϫⲱⲟⲩ ⲇⲉ ϫⲉ ⲙⲁⲧⲁⲙⲟⲛ ⲙⲙⲁⲩⲁⲧϥ\nⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲑⲁⲙⲓⲟⲥ. ⲁⲓϯ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲱⲟⲩ ⲛⲟⲩⲕⲉⲗⲉⲃⲓⲛ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲟⲩⲧⲱⲣⲓ ⲛⲉⲙ (ⲟⲩ)\nⲥⲟⲕ ⲛⲱⲓⲕ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲟⲩϩⲙⲟⲩ ⲁⲓⲧⲁⲙⲱⲟⲩ ⲇⲉ ⲉϯⲡⲉⲧⲣⲁ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲓⲙⲁ ⲛϫⲱϫⲓ ⲉⲧϣⲟⲩⲱⲟⲩ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲉϫⲏⲓ ⲛⲱⲟⲩ ϫⲉ ϫⲱϫⲓ ⲛⲱⲧⲉⲛ ⲙⲡⲁⲓⲙⲁ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲛⲓⲟⲩⲓ\nⲛⲱⲧⲉⲛ ⲛϩⲁⲛ ϣⲉ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϩⲉⲛ ⲡⲓϩⲉⲗⲟⲥ ϩⲟⲃⲥϥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲁⲓⲣⲏϯ (ⲏ︦-) ϩⲉⲙⲥⲓ","english":"In my place of dwelling in Scetis, two foreign brothers came down to me, one of whom was a monk, and the other had just begun the monastic life. And they came to me saying, \"We have heard about Abba Macarius.\" I said to them, \"What is it that you want with him?\" They said to me, \"We have heard about his deeds and about Scetis, and we have come so that we might see him.\" And I said to them, \"I am he.\" Then they made repentance to me, saying, \"We wish to stay in this place.\" I, however, saw that they were strangers and as if from a wealthy background. I said to them, \"You are not able to sit in this place.\" The elder said, \"If we cannot find the strength to sit, we will go to another place.\" I said to myself, \"Why should I drive them away so that they become scandalized?\" I said to them, \"Come, let me build a cell for you, if you are able.\" They said, \"Show us the place itself, and we will build it.\" I gave them a cleaver, an adze, a saw, and a basket. I showed them the rock of the place of the cave that is honored, and I said to them, \"Hew out this place for yourselves, and bring some wood from the marsh, cover it, and in this manner sit.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"sense","kind":"sense","basis":"text","lemma":"ϣⲓⲏⲧ","severity":"info","text":"The toponym ϣⲓⲏⲧ (Scetis) refers to the desert region of Wadi El Natrun, a major center of early Egyptian monasticism.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲃⲃⲁ","severity":"info","text":"The Greek/Syriac address ⲁⲃⲃⲁ (Abba) is retained in the Coptic as a title of respect for senior monks, here referring to Macarius.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"external","lemma":"ⲙⲉⲧⲣⲁⲙⲁⲟ","severity":"info","text":"The phrase ⲉⲃⲟⲗϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲙⲉⲧⲣⲁⲙⲁⲟ (as if from a wealthy background) reflects a common monastic trope: wealthy visitors were often deemed unsuited to the harsh asceticism of Scetis.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲉϫⲏⲓ","severity":"info","text":"The repeated formula ⲡⲉϫⲏⲓ (I said) and ⲡⲉϫⲱⲟⲩ (they said) structures the dialogue, a typical feature of Coptic narrative hagiography.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁⲗⲟⲩ ⲃ︦","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase ⲁⲗⲟⲩ ⲃ︦ (two foreign brothers) is ambiguous: ⲁⲗⲟⲩ may be a variant of ⲁⲗⲟ (foreign) or a scribal error; the numeral ⲃ︦ (2) is clear.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"external","lemma":"ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The name ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ (Macarius) refers to Macarius the Great, a foundational figure in Coptic monasticism; this anecdote is part of the later hagiographic tradition.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of the two brothers is not specified beyond 'foreign' (ⲁⲗⲟⲩ).","The phrase ⲉⲧϣⲟⲩⲱⲟⲩ (that is honored) may refer to the cave's reputation or to a specific local tradition."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":7,"ref":"p7","source":"ⲛⲁⲓⲙⲉⲩⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲡⲉ ϫⲉ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓϧⲓⲥⲓ ⲥⲉⲛⲁⲫⲱⲧ ⲥⲁⲧⲟⲧⲟⲩ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲩϣⲉⲛⲧ\nϫⲉ ⲉⲩⲉⲉⲣ ϩⲱⲃ ⲉⲟⲩ ⲙⲡⲁⲓⲙⲁ. ⲡⲉϫⲏⲓ ⲛⲱⲟⲩ ϫⲉ ϯⲛⲉⲃϯ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲓϭⲓ ⲛϩⲁⲛ\nⲃⲁⲓ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓϩⲉⲗⲟⲥ ⲁⲓⲧⲁⲙⲱⲟⲩ ⲉⲧⲁⲣⲭⲏ ⲛϯⲛⲉⲃϯ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲡⲓⲣⲏϯ\nⲛϣⲱⲗⲕ. ⲡⲉϫⲏⲓ ⲛⲱⲟⲩ ϫⲉ ⲙⲁⲑⲁⲙⲓⲉ ⲃⲓⲣ ⲙⲏⲓⲧⲟⲩ ⲛⲛⲓⲟⲩⲣⲁϯ ⲟⲩⲟϩ\nⲥⲉⲛⲁⲉⲛ ⲱⲓⲕ ⲛⲱⲧⲉⲛ. ⲗⲟⲓⲡⲟⲛ ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲁⲓϣⲉ ⲛⲏⲓ. ⲛⲑⲱⲟⲩ ⲇⲉ ⲟⲛ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩϩⲩⲡⲟⲙⲟⲛⲏ ⲁⲩⲓⲣⲓ ⲛϩⲱⲃ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ ⲉⲧⲁⲓϩⲟⲛϩⲉⲛ ⲙⲙⲱⲟⲩ ⲉⲣⲱⲟⲩ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲙⲡⲟⲩϩⲓ\nⲕⲟⲧ ⲉⲣⲟⲓ ⲛⲅ̄ϯ ⲛⲣⲟⲙⲡⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ϩⲱ ⲉⲓϯ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲡⲁⲙⲉⲩⲓ ϫⲉ ⲟⲩ ⲧⲉ ⲧϫⲓ\nⲛⲉⲣ ϩⲱⲃ ⲛⲛⲁⲓ ϫⲉ ⲙⲡⲟⲩⲓ ϩⲁⲣⲟⲓ ⲉⲑⲃⲉ ⲛⲟⲩⲙⲉⲩⲓ. ⲛⲏ ⲉⲧϩⲓ ⲫⲟⲩⲉⲓ ⲛⲏⲟⲩ\nϣⲁⲣⲟⲓ ⲛⲁⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲥⲉⲛⲏⲟⲩ ϩⲁⲣⲟⲓ ⲁⲛ ⲟⲩⲇⲉ ⲛⲁⲩϩⲏⲗ ⲉⲫⲙⲁ ⲛⲕⲉⲟⲩⲁⲓ ⲁⲛ ⲡⲉ\nⲉⲃⲏⲗ ⲉϯⲉⲕⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ ⲙⲙⲁⲩⲁⲧⲥ ⲉⲩϭⲓ ⲛϯⲡⲣⲟⲥⲫⲟⲣⲁ ⲙⲙⲁⲩⲁⲧⲥ ⲉⲩⲭⲱ\nⲛⲣⲱⲟⲩ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲓⲧⲱⲃϩ ⲙⲫ︦ϯ︦ ⲁⲓⲉⲣⲛⲏⲥⲧⲉⲩⲉⲓⲛ ⲛϯⲉⲃⲇⲟⲙⲁⲥ ϫⲉ ϩⲓⲛⲁ\nⲛⲧⲉϥⲧⲁⲙⲟⲓ ⲉⲧⲟⲩϫⲓ ⲛⲉⲣ ϩⲱⲃ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁⲓⲧⲱⲛⲧ ⲁⲓϣⲉ ⲛⲏⲓ ϩⲁⲣⲱⲟⲩ ⲉⲛⲁⲩ\nϫⲉ ⲛⲁⲩϩⲉⲙⲥⲓ ⲛⲁϣ ⲛⲣⲏϯ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁⲓⲕⲱⲗϩ ⲁ ⲟⲩⲁ ⲟⲩⲱⲛ ⲛⲏⲓ ⲁⲩⲉⲣⲁⲥⲡⲁⲍⲉⲥⲑⲁⲓ ⲙⲙⲟⲓ ⲉⲩⲭⲱ ⲛⲣⲱⲟⲩ (-ⲑ-) ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁⲛϣⲗⲏⲗ ⲁⲛϩⲉⲙⲥⲓ ⲁ\nⲡⲓⲛⲓϣϯ ϭⲱⲣⲉⲙ ⲉⲡⲓⲕⲟⲩϫⲓ ⲁϥϣⲉ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲁⲣⲉ ⲡⲓⲛⲓϣϯ ϩⲉⲙⲥⲓ ⲡⲉ\nⲉϥⲭⲱ ⲛⲣⲱϥ ⲉϥⲉⲣ ϩⲱⲃ ⲉϯⲛⲉⲃϯ ⲙⲡⲉϥϫⲉ ϩⲗⲓ ⲛⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲕⲱⲗϩ","english":"They thought, \"Because of the hardship, they will flee from us.\" And they asked, \"What work shall we do in this place?\" I said to them, \"I will weave.\" And I took some palm leaves from the basket and showed them the beginning of the weaving and the method of plaiting. I said to them, \"Make the straps for the sandals, and they will bring bread for you.\" Then I went away. They, however, with patience, did all the work I had assigned to them, and they did not return to me for three years. And I myself also thought, \"What is the use of doing these things, since they did not come to me because of a thought?\" Those who are in the desert come to me, but these do not come to me, nor do they go to the place of another, except to the church alone, where they receive the offering alone, and they keep silence. And I prayed to God and fasted for a week so that he might inform me about what they were doing. And when I was ready, I went to them to see how they were sitting. And when I knocked, one opened for me and greeted me in silence. And when we had prayed, we sat down. The elder wept, the younger went out, and the elder sat in silence, working on the weaving, without saying a word. And when he knocked,","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲉⲕⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic ⲉⲕⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ (from Greek ἐκκλησία) here denotes the physical church building, as the brothers go there alone for the offering, not to the cells of other monks.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲣⲟⲥⲫⲟⲣⲁ","severity":"info","text":"ⲡⲣⲟⲥⲫⲟⲣⲁ (Greek προσφορά) means 'offering,' specifically the Eucharistic bread or the act of presenting it; here the brothers receive it alone, emphasizing their isolation.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"background","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The practice of receiving the offering alone and keeping silence reflects the eremitic ideal of solitude and ascetic discipline in Scetis, where monks often lived in separate cells and gathered only for liturgy.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage forms a narrative unit where Macarius tests the brothers' perseverance: they work for three years without complaint, then he prays and fasts to learn their purpose, leading to a climactic silent encounter.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁϥϣⲉ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic ⲁϥϣⲉ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ (literally 'he went out') is ambiguous: it could mean the younger brother left the cell, or that he departed permanently; the context suggests a temporary exit during the visit.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase ⲁϥϣⲉ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ (he went out) is ambiguous: it may indicate the younger brother left the cell temporarily or left the community; the narrative implies the former.","The identity of 'the elder' and 'the younger' is unclear: they are the two foreign brothers, but which is which is not specified."],"confidence":"high","notes":[{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲉⲕⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ","text":"ⲉⲕⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ → “church”. The building, the congregation, and the institution all take this word; the context decides, and 'assembly' is rare outside citations of Acts."}]},{"i":8,"ref":"p8","source":"ⲙⲫⲛⲁⲩ ⲛⲁϫⲡ ⲑ̄ϯ ⲁϥⲓ ⲉϧⲟⲩⲛ ⲛϫⲉ ⲡⲓⲕⲟⲩϫⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁϥϭⲱⲣⲉⲙ ⲉⲣⲟϥ\nⲁϥⲑⲁⲙⲓⲟ ⲛⲟⲩⲕⲟⲩϫⲓ ⲙⲫⲓⲥⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁϥϭⲱⲣⲉⲙ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ⲟⲛ ⲁϥⲭⲁ ϯⲫⲟⲣϣⲓ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲅ̄ ⲛⲱⲓⲕ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲁϥⲟϩⲓ ⲉⲣⲁⲧϥ ⲉϥⲭⲱ ⲛⲣⲱϥ. ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲁⲓϫⲱ\nⲙⲙⲟⲥ ⲡⲉ ϫⲉ ⲧⲉⲛ ⲑⲏⲛⲟⲩ ⲛⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲛⲧⲱⲟⲩⲛ ⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ ⲟⲩⲟϩ\nⲁⲩⲉⲛ ϯⲕⲉⲗⲟⲗⲓ ⲁⲛⲥⲱ. ⲉⲧⲁ ⲣⲟⲩϩⲓ ⲇⲉ ϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲡⲉϫⲱⲟⲩ ϫⲉ ⲭⲛⲁϩⲱⲗ.\nⲡⲉϫⲏⲓ ϫⲉ ⲙⲙⲟⲛ ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ⲁⲓⲛⲁⲉⲛⲕⲟⲧ ⲙⲡⲁⲓⲙⲁ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲩⲭⲱ ⲛⲏⲓ ⲛⲟⲩⲑⲟⲙ ⲥⲁ ⲡⲓⲕⲉⲥⲟⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲩⲉⲛⲕⲟⲧ ϩⲓ ⲟⲩⲙⲁ ⲁⲩⲱⲗⲓ ⲛⲛⲟⲩϧⲱⲕ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲛⲟⲩⲙⲁⲣ ⲛϭⲛⲁϩ ⲁⲩⲭⲁⲩ ⲉϧⲣⲏⲓ ⲙⲡⲁⲙⲑⲟ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲓⲧⲱⲃϩ ⲙⲫ︦ϯ︦ ϩⲓⲛⲁ ⲛⲧⲉϥϭⲱⲣⲡ ⲛⲏⲓ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲛⲧⲟⲩϫⲓ ⲛⲉⲣ ϩⲱⲃ. ⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱⲛ ⲛϫⲉ ϯⲟⲩⲁϩ ⲥⲟⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ\nⲁϥϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲛϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲓⲛⲓ ⲙⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲙⲡⲓⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ. ⲛⲑⲱⲟⲩ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲁⲩⲛⲁⲩ ⲁⲛ\nⲡⲉ ⲉⲡⲓⲟⲩⲱⲓⲛⲓ ϩⲱⲥ ⲛⲁⲩⲙⲉⲩⲓ ⲛⲑⲱⲟⲩ ⲡⲉ ϫⲉ ⲉⲓⲉⲛⲕⲟⲧ. ⲁ ⲡⲓⲛⲓϣϯ ⲕⲓⲙ\nⲉⲡⲓⲕⲟⲩϫⲓ ⲁⲩⲧⲱⲟⲩⲛⲟⲩ ⲁⲩⲙⲟⲣⲟⲩ (-ⲓ̄-) ⲁⲩϭⲱⲗⲕ ⲛⲛⲟⲩϫⲓϫ ⲉⲡϣⲱⲓ ⲉⲧⲫⲉ\nⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲁⲓⲛⲁⲩ ⲉⲣⲱⲟⲩ ⲡⲉ ⲛⲑⲱⲟⲩ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲁⲩⲛⲁⲩ ⲉⲣⲟⲓ ⲁⲛ ⲡⲉ ⲟⲩⲟϩ\nⲁⲓⲛⲁⲩ ⲉⲛⲓⲇⲁⲓⲙⲱⲛ ⲉⲩⲛⲏⲟⲩ ⲉϫⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲕⲟⲩϫⲓ ⲙⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲛϩⲁⲛ ⲁϥ ⲉⲩϩⲁⲗⲁⲓ\nϩⲁⲛ ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲙⲉⲛ ⲛⲁⲩⲛⲏⲟⲩ ⲉϫⲉⲛ ⲛⲉϥⲃⲁⲗ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲣⲱϥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲓⲛⲁⲩ\nⲉⲟⲩⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲟ︦ⲥ︦ ⲉⲣⲉ ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲟⲩⲥⲏϥⲓ ⲛⲧⲟⲧϥ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲕⲧⲉ ϭⲗⲟ ⲉⲣⲟϥ\nⲉϥϭⲟϫⲓ ⲛⲥⲁ ⲛⲓⲇⲁⲓⲙⲱⲛ ⲛⲁⲩϣⲉⲣⲧⲟⲗⲙⲁⲛ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲁⲛ ⲡⲉ ⲉϧⲱⲛⲧ ⲉⲡⲓⲛⲓϣϯ.","english":"Immediately, the little one came in and he wept, and he made a small basket, and he wept again, and he placed the mat and three loaves, and he stood still, keeping silent. But I said, \"Now you, let us eat.\" And we rose and ate, and they brought the rest and we drank. When evening came, they said, \"Will you sleep?\" I said, \"No, but I will return to this place.\" And they placed a wall for me on the other side, and they returned to one place, and they took their tools and a measure of lime, and they placed them before me, and I prayed to God that he might reveal to me the work of the craft. The hour opened, and a light came like the day. But they did not see the light, for they thought they were sleeping. The great one moved the little one, and they rose, and they bound them, and they stretched their hands upward to the sky. But I saw them, but they did not see me, and I saw the demons coming upon the little one like flies, some coming upon his eyes and his mouth, and I saw an angel of the Lord having a sword in his hand, which he turned around him, chasing the demons. For they did not dare to approach the great one.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲓⲕⲟⲩϫⲓ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic phrase ⲡⲓⲕⲟⲩϫⲓ (the little one) likely refers to a junior monk or disciple, contrasting with ⲡⲓⲛⲓϣϯ (the great one) later in the passage.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲛⲓⲇⲁⲓⲙⲱⲛ","severity":"info","text":"ⲛⲓⲇⲁⲓⲙⲱⲛ (the demons) is a Greek loanword (δαίμονες) common in Coptic monastic literature, here depicted as attacking the little one while an angel defends him.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲟⲩⲥⲏϥⲓ","severity":"info","text":"The angel with a sword (ⲟⲩⲥⲏϥⲓ) evokes the archangel Michael, often depicted as a warrior against demons in Coptic tradition.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The passage shifts from a narrative of daily labor and communal eating to a visionary episode involving demons and an angel, marking a transition from mundane to supernatural.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁⲩⲙⲟⲣⲟⲩ (-ⲓ̄-)","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic ⲁⲩⲙⲟⲣⲟⲩ (-ⲓ̄-) is ambiguous: it may mean 'they bound them' (the demons) or 'they bound themselves' (the monks). The English draft takes the former, but the text is unclear.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"parallel","kind":"parallel","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The motif of demons attacking a monk while an angel protects him is paralleled in the Life of Antony (Athanasius) and other desert fathers' literature.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of 'the little one' and 'the great one' is not specified; they may be disciples or symbolic figures.","The phrase ⲁⲩⲙⲟⲣⲟⲩ (-ⲓ̄-) could be read as 'they bound them' (the demons) or 'they bound themselves' (the monks); the English draft opts for the former.","The light that appears is seen only by the narrator, suggesting a private vision, but the text does not clarify its nature."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":9,"ref":"p9","source":"ⲉⲣⲉ ϣⲱⲣⲡ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲁⲩⲭⲁⲩ ⲉϧⲣⲏⲓ ⲟⲛ ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲇⲉ ⲁⲓⲁⲓⲧ ⲙⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲛⲉⲓϩⲟⲣⲡ ⲛⲑⲱⲟⲩ ⲇⲉ ⲙⲡⲁⲓⲣⲏϯ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁ ⲡⲓⲛⲓϣϯ ϫⲱ ⲙⲡⲁⲓⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧ ⲛⲏⲓ\nϫⲉ ⲕⲟⲩⲱϣ ⲛⲧⲉⲛϫⲱ ⲙⲡⲓⲓⲃ︦ ⲙⲯⲁⲗⲙⲟⲥ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲉϫⲏⲓ ϫⲉ ⲥⲉ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁ ⲡⲓⲕⲟⲩϫⲓ ϫⲟ ⲑ︦ ⲙⲯⲁⲗⲙⲟⲥ ⲛⲋ︦ ⲛⲗⲉⲝⲓⲥ ⲉⲫⲟⲩⲁⲓ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲁⲗⲗⲏⲗⲟⲩⲓⲁ ⲟⲩⲟϩ\nⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲗⲉⲝⲓⲥ ⲛⲁϥⲛⲏⲟⲩ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϧⲉⲛ ⲣⲱϥ ⲛϫⲉ ⲟⲩϣⲁϩ ⲛⲭⲣⲱⲙ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲁϥⲛⲁ ⲉⲡⲓϣⲱⲓ ⲛⲧⲫⲉ ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲁⲓϫⲱ ⲛϩⲁⲛ ⲕⲟⲩϫⲓ ⲛⲁⲡⲟⲥⲧⲏⲑⲏⲥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ\nⲉⲓⲛⲏⲟⲩ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲛⲁⲓϫⲱ ⲙⲙⲟⲥ ⲡⲉ ϫⲉ (-ⲓ︦ⲁ︦-) ⲧⲱⲃϩ ⲉϫⲱⲓ. ⲛⲑⲱⲟⲩ ⲇⲉ ⲁⲩϯ\nⲙⲉⲧⲁⲛⲟⲓⲁ ⲉⲩⲭⲱ ⲛⲣⲱⲟⲩ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲓⲉⲙⲓ ϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲧⲉⲗⲉⲓⲟⲥ ⲡⲉ ⲡⲓⲛⲓϣϯ ⲡⲓⲕⲟⲩϫⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲁⲕⲙⲏⲛ ⲛⲁⲣⲉ ⲡⲓϫⲁϫⲓ ϯ ⲛⲉⲙⲁϥ ⲡⲉ. ⲙⲉⲛⲉⲛⲥⲁ ⲛⲁⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁ\nϩⲁⲛ ⲕⲟⲩϫⲓ ⲛⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ ϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲁϥⲉⲛⲕⲟⲧ ⲛϫⲉ ⲡⲓⲛⲓϣϯ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲓⲕⲟⲩϫⲓ ϧⲉⲛ\nⲡⲓⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ ⲙⲙⲁϩ ⲅ̄. ⲉϣⲱⲡ ⲇⲉ ⲁⲣⲉϣⲁⲛ ϩⲁⲛ ϧⲉⲗⲗⲟⲓ ϩⲓ ⲕⲟⲧ ⲉⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ϣⲁϥⲟⲗⲟⲩ ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲣⲓ ⲉϥϫⲱ ⲙⲙⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲁⲙⲱⲓⲛⲓ ⲁⲛⲁⲩ ⲉⲡⲓⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩⲣⲓⲟⲛ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲛⲓⲕⲟⲩϫⲓ ⲛϣⲉⲙⲙⲱⲟⲩ.\nⲁⲩϫⲟⲥ ⲉⲑⲃⲉ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲡⲓⲣⲉⲙ ⲛⲭⲏⲙⲓ ϫⲉ ⲉϥⲛⲏⲟⲩ ⲉⲡϣⲱⲓ\nⲛⲟⲩⲥⲟⲡ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϧⲉⲛ ϣⲓⲏⲧ ⲉⲡⲓⲧⲱⲟⲩ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲉⲣⲛⲟⲩϫ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁϥϧⲱⲛⲧ ⲉⲡⲓⲧⲟⲡⲟⲥ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲙⲡⲉϥⲙⲁⲑⲡⲏⲧⲏⲥ ϫⲉ ⲁⲣⲓ ⲉⲧϩⲏ ⲛⲟⲩⲕⲟⲩϫⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡϫⲓ","english":"First, however, it will happen that they were placed down again. And I did likewise, as they had done. And the elder spoke this same word to me: \"Do you wish that we recite the 'I am' Psalm?\" And I said, \"Yes.\" And the little one recited the 9th Psalm with 6 strophes, each with an alleluia. And with each strophe, a flame of fire came forth from his mouth and went up to the sky. And I recited a few apostles, and as I spoke, I said, \"Pray for me.\" And they gave repentance, keeping silent. And I realized that the elder was perfect, but the little one was still contending with the enemy. After these things, when a few days had passed, the elder and the little one returned on the third day. Now, if some elders gathered around Abba Macarius, he would send them away to the door, saying, \"Come, see the martyrdom of the little strangers.\" It was said about Abba Macarius the Egyptian that he once came up from Scetis to the mountain of Pernouj, and when he arrived at the place, he said to his disciple, \"Wait a little,\" and in the","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲃⲃⲁ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic retains the Greek/Syriac address 'Abba' for Macarius, consistent with the pinned glossary rendering.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲓⲓⲃ ⲙⲯⲁⲗⲙⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The 'I am' Psalm likely refers to Psalm 91 (LXX) or a similar psalm beginning with 'I am', but the exact identification is uncertain.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲓⲯⲁⲗⲙⲟⲥ ⲛⲋ̄","severity":"info","text":"The 9th Psalm (LXX numbering) is recited; the Coptic specifies six strophes (ⲛⲗⲉⲝⲓⲥ) each with an alleluia, a liturgical detail.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ϣⲓⲏⲧ","severity":"info","text":"Scetis (ϣⲓⲏⲧ) was a major monastic center in the Egyptian desert, associated with Macarius the Egyptian.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲓⲧⲱⲟⲩ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲉⲣⲛⲟⲩϫ","severity":"info","text":"The mountain of Pernouj (ⲡⲉⲣⲛⲟⲩϫ) is a location in the Egyptian desert, possibly a monastic site, but its precise identification is unclear.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲓⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩⲣⲓⲟⲛ","severity":"caution","text":"The term 'martyrdom' (ⲡⲓⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩⲣⲓⲟⲛ) is used metaphorically for the ascetic struggle of the 'little strangers', not literal martyrdom.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of the 'I am' Psalm is uncertain; it may be a specific psalm or a liturgical formula.","The location 'Pernouj' is not clearly identified in known sources.","The phrase 'they gave repentance' (ⲁⲩϯ ⲙⲉⲧⲁⲛⲟⲓⲁ) is ambiguous: it may mean they performed an act of penance or offered a prayer of repentance."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲁⲗⲗⲏⲗⲟⲩⲓⲁ","text":"ⲁⲗⲗⲏⲗⲟⲩⲓⲁ → “hallelujah”. Standard rendering; first occurrence is noted here, the term recurs below."}]},{"i":10,"ref":"p10","source":"ⲛⲑⲣⲉϥⲉⲣ ⲉⲧϩⲏ ⲁϥⲉⲣⲁⲡⲁⲛⲧⲁⲛ ⲉⲟⲩϩⲉⲗⲗⲏⲛⲟⲥ ⲛⲉ ⲟⲩⲟⲩⲏⲃ ⲇⲉ ⲙⲡⲁⲇⲁⲗⲁⲥ ⲉϥϥⲁⲓ ⲛⲟⲩⲛⲓϣϯ ⲛϣⲉ ⲙⲡⲓⲕⲁⲩⲙⲁ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲁϥϭⲟϫⲓ ⲡⲉ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁ\nⲡⲓⲥⲟⲛ ⲱϣ ⲟⲩⲃⲏϥ ⲛⲁϥⲙⲟⲩϯ ⲡⲉ ⲉϥϫⲱ ⲙⲙⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ϩⲉ ⲛⲑⲟⲕ ⲡⲓⲇⲁⲓⲙⲱⲛ\nⲁⲕϭⲟϫⲓ ⲉⲑⲱⲛ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲫⲟⲛϩϥ ⲛⲁϥⲛⲏⲟⲩ ⲉϫⲱϥ ⲡⲉ ⲁϥϯ ⲛϩⲁⲛ ⲉⲣϧⲱⲧ ⲛⲁϥ ⲁϥⲭⲁϥ ⲉϥⲟⲓ ⲙⲫⲁϣ ⲙⲟⲩ. (-ⲓⲃ-) ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲧⲱⲟⲩⲛ ⲙⲡⲓϣⲉ\nⲁϥϭⲟϫⲓ ⲟⲛ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲥⲓⲛⲓ ⲉⲧϩⲏ ⲛⲟⲩⲕⲟⲩϫⲓ ⲁϥϣⲁϣⲛⲓ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ⲛϫⲉ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ\nⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲙⲓⲟⲕ ⲙⲓⲟⲕ ⲡⲓⲙⲁⲓ ϧⲁⲥϥ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲉⲣ\nϣⲫⲏⲣⲓ ⲁϥⲓ ϩⲁⲣⲟϥ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲟⲩ ⲙⲡⲉⲑⲛⲁⲛⲉϥ ⲁⲕⲛⲁⲩ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ⲛϧⲏⲧ\nϫⲉ ⲁⲕⲧⲁⲓⲉ ⲙⲟⲩϯ ⲛⲏⲓ. ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲁⲓⲛⲁⲩ ⲉⲣⲟⲕ ⲉⲕϧⲟⲥⲓ\nⲛⲕⲉⲙⲓ ⲁⲛ ϫⲉ ⲁⲕϧⲟⲥⲓ ⲛⲉⲫⲗⲏⲟⲩ. ⲛⲑⲟϥ ⲇⲉ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ϩⲱ\nⲁⲓⲟⲩⲉⲙ ϩⲑⲏⲓ ⲉϫⲉⲛ ⲡⲁⲥⲡⲁⲥⲙⲟⲥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲓⲉⲙⲓ ϫⲉ ⲛⲑⲟⲕ ⲫⲁ ⲟⲩⲛⲓϣϯ\nⲛⲛⲟⲩϯ ⲕⲉⲙⲟⲛⲁⲭⲟⲥ ⲇⲉ ⲉϥϩⲱⲟⲩ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲉⲣⲁⲡⲁⲛⲧⲁⲛ ⲉⲣⲟⲓ ⲁϥϩⲱⲟⲩϣ ⲉⲣⲟⲓ\nⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲇⲉ ⲁⲓϯ ⲛϩⲁⲛ ⲉⲣϧⲱⲧ ⲛⲁϥ ⲉⲫⲙⲟⲩ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁ ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲉⲙⲓ ϫⲉ\nⲡⲉϥⲙⲁⲑⲏⲧⲏⲥ ⲡⲉ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁ ⲡⲓⲟⲩⲏⲃ ⲁⲙⲟⲛⲓ ⲛⲛⲉϥϭⲁⲗⲁⲩϫ ⲛⲁϥϫⲱ\nⲙⲙⲟⲥ ⲡⲉ ϫⲉ ϯⲛⲁⲭⲁⲕ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲁⲛ ⲁⲕϣⲧⲉⲙⲁⲓⲧ ⲙⲙⲟⲛⲁⲭⲟⲥ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲩⲓ\nⲥⲁ ⲡϣⲱⲓ ⲙⲡⲓⲙⲁ ⲉⲛⲁⲣⲉ ⲡⲓⲥⲟⲛ ⲭⲏ ⲙⲙⲟϥ ⲁⲩⲉⲛϥ ⲉϯⲉⲕⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ ⲛⲧⲉ","english":"He began to recite the beginning, and he encountered a Greek, a priest of Apollo, who was carrying a large bundle of wood from the furnace, and he was running. And when the brother recited against him, he called out, saying, \"Ha! You demon, you have run where?\" And when he turned around, he was coming toward him, and he gave him some blows, leaving him as if dead. (-ib-) And when he got up from the wood, he ran again. And when he had gone a little further, Apa Macarius rebuked him, saying to him, \"Stop, stop, you wretch!\" And when he was amazed, he came to him, saying, \"Is it not good that you saw him in your heart, that you honored God for me?\" The old man said to him, \"I saw you, but you were not high; you were high in the air.\" He, however, said to him, \"I also ate my heart over my greeting, and I realized that you are a great god.\" Another monk, who was evil, encountered me, and he insulted me. I, however, gave him some blows to the death. And the old man realized that he was his disciple. And when the priest threatened to break his legs, he said, \"I will not let you go; you have killed a monk.\" And they went to the top of the place where the brother was lying, and they brought him to the church of","structure":"dialogue","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic uses the Greek-derived title ⲁⲃⲃⲁ (Abba) for Macarius, a standard honorific for monastic elders in Coptic literature.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"background","lemma":"ⲡⲓⲇⲁⲓⲙⲱⲛ","severity":"info","text":"The Greek priest calls the brother ⲡⲓⲇⲁⲓⲙⲱⲛ (the demon), reflecting the common early Christian polemic against pagan priests as demonic or possessed.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"background","lemma":"ⲡⲓⲟⲩⲏⲃ ⲙⲡⲁⲇⲁⲗⲁⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The phrase ⲡⲓⲟⲩⲏⲃ ⲙⲡⲁⲇⲁⲗⲁⲥ (priest of Apollo) situates the encounter in a late antique context where pagan cults, especially of Apollo, still existed in Egypt.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The passage is a dialogue within a larger narrative, marked by direct speech and the alternation of speakers (the brother, the priest, Apa Macarius, the old man).","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲉⲕⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ","severity":"info","text":"The word ⲉⲕⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ (church) here refers to the building, as the group brings the injured brother to the church.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"(-ⲓⲃ-)","severity":"caution","text":"The notation (-ⲓⲃ-) in the Coptic likely indicates a scribal insertion or a marginal note; its exact meaning is uncertain, but it may mark a break or a correction.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of 'the brother' is not specified; he may be the narrator or another monk.","The phrase 'ⲁⲕϧⲟⲥⲓ ⲛⲉⲫⲗⲏⲟⲩ' (you were high in the air) is ambiguous: it could mean the old man saw the brother levitating or simply standing on a height.","The notation (-ⲓⲃ-) is unclear; it may be a scribal mark or a page number."],"confidence":"high","notes":[{"kind":"structure","severity":"info","label":"dialogue","text":"Classified as dialogue from the Coptic cues."}]},{"i":11,"ref":"p11","source":"ⲡⲓⲧⲱⲟⲩ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲛⲁⲩ ⲉⲡⲓⲟⲩⲏⲃ ⲁⲩⲉⲣ ϣⲫⲏⲣⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲩϯ ⲱⲙⲥ ⲛⲁϥ\nⲁⲩⲁⲓϥ ⲙⲙⲟⲛⲁⲭⲟⲥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲟⲩ- (-ⲓ︦ⲅ︦-) ⲙⲏϣ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲛⲓϩⲉⲗⲗⲏⲛⲟⲥ ⲁⲩⲉⲣ\nⲭⲣⲓⲥⲧⲓⲁⲛⲟⲥ ⲉⲑⲃⲏⲧϥ.\nⲁϥϫⲟⲥ ⲛϫⲉ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲡⲓⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲉⲧϩⲱⲟⲩ ⲛⲓⲕⲉⲭⲱⲟⲩⲛⲓ ⲉⲑⲛⲁⲛⲉⲩ ϣⲁϥⲑⲣⲟⲩⲧϩⲟ ⲡⲁⲓⲣⲏϯ ⲟⲛ ⲡⲓⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲉⲑⲛⲁⲛⲉϥ ⲛⲓⲕⲉⲭⲱⲟⲩⲛⲓ ⲉⲧϩⲱⲟⲩ ϣⲁϥⲑⲣⲟⲩⲁⲛⲁⲓ.\nⲛⲑⲟϥ ⲟⲛ ⲁϥⲓ ⲉⲡϣⲱⲓ ⲛⲟⲩⲥⲟⲡ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ ϣⲓⲏⲧ ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩϯ ⲁϥϣⲉ\nⲉϧⲟⲩⲛ ⲉⲟⲩϩⲙⲁϥ ⲁϥⲉⲛⲕⲟⲧ. ⲛⲉ ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ϩⲁⲛ ⲥⲱⲙⲁ ⲛⲁⲡⲁⲥ ⲙⲙⲁⲩ ⲡⲉ ⲛⲧⲉ\nⲛⲓϩⲉⲗⲗⲏⲛⲟⲥ ⲉⲩⲙⲱⲟⲩⲧ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁϥϭⲓ ⲛⲟⲩⲁⲓ ⲁϥⲭⲁϥ ϧⲁ ⲧⲉϥⲁⲫⲉ\nⲙⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲛⲟⲩⲙⲣⲱⲙ ϩⲓⲛⲁ ⲛⲧⲉϥⲙⲧⲟⲛ ⲙⲙⲟϥ ⲛⲟⲩⲕⲟⲩϫⲓ. ⲛⲑⲱⲟⲩ ⲟⲩⲛ\nⲛⲓⲇⲁⲓⲙⲱⲛ ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲛⲁⲩ ⲉⲡⲉϥϩⲏⲧ ⲉϥϫⲟⲣ ⲙⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲙⲫⲁ ⲟⲩⲙⲟⲩⲓ ⲁⲩⲉⲣⲫⲑⲟⲛⲉⲓⲛ ⲉⲑⲣⲉϥⲛⲟⲩϣⲡ ⲁⲩⲙⲟⲩϯ ⲉⲟⲩⲣⲁⲛ ⲙⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲛϩⲁⲛ ϩⲓⲟⲙⲓ ⲉⲩϫⲱ\nⲙⲙⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲧⲁ ⲛⲓⲙ ⲁⲙⲏ ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲛ ⲉϯⲥⲓⲱⲟⲩⲛⲓ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁϥⲟⲩⲟϩⲉⲙ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲱⲟⲩ\nⲛϫⲉ ⲕⲉⲇⲁⲓⲙⲱⲛ ⲥⲁϧⲣⲏⲓ ⲙⲙⲟϥ ⲙⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲓⲣⲉϥⲙⲱⲟⲩⲧ ϫⲉ\nⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲟⲩϣⲉⲙⲙⲟ ⲥⲁ ⲡϣⲱⲓ ⲙⲙⲟⲓ ⲙⲙⲟⲛ ϣϫⲟⲙ ⲙⲙⲟⲓ ⲉⲓ. ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ\nⲇⲉ ⲙⲡⲉϥⲛⲟⲩϣⲡ ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ⲉϥⲧⲁϫⲣⲏⲟⲩⲧ ⲛⲁϥϩⲓⲟⲩⲓ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ⲡⲉ ⲉϥϫⲱ ⲙⲙⲟⲥ\nϫⲉ ⲧⲱⲛⲕ ϩⲱⲗ (-ⲓ︦ⲇ︦-) ⲉⲡⲓⲭⲁⲕⲓ ⲓⲥϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ϣϫⲟⲙ ⲙⲙⲟⲕ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲫⲁⲓ","english":"The mountain, and when they saw the priest, they marveled and gave him praise. They made the monk rise, and a multitude of the Greeks became Christians because of him.\n\nApa Macarius said, \"The evil word of the good ones causes them to become like this; likewise, the good word of the evil ones causes them to be saved.\"\n\nHe himself also went up once through a ravine where a god had gone into a bath and slept. There were some bodies of the Greeks there, dead, and he took one and placed it under his head like a pillow so that he might rest a little. Then the demons, when they saw his heart strong like that of a lion, became envious that he might sleep. They called out a name like stones, saying, \"Who is this? Come with us to give you knowledge.\" And other demons answered him from below, from among the dead, \"There is a stranger above me; I have no power to come.\" The old man, however, did not sleep, but he was steadfast, running against them, saying, \"Rise up yourself, O demon of darkness, if you have power.\" And this","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"sense","kind":"sense","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲓⲧⲱⲟⲩ","severity":"info","text":"The opening phrase 'The mountain' is a narrative resumptive, linking back to the previous passage where the monk is on the mountain after the assault.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲥⲱⲙⲁ","severity":"info","text":"Here ⲥⲱⲙⲁ refers to corpses of Greeks, consistent with the martyrdom sense of the word as a dead body.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲃⲃⲁ","severity":"info","text":"ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ is the speaker; the title 'Abba' is retained in the Coptic as a fixed form of address for the ascetic teacher.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"background","lemma":"ϩⲉⲗⲗⲏⲛⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The term 'Greeks' (ϩⲉⲗⲗⲏⲛⲟⲥ) in Coptic literature often denotes pagans, as here the multitude converts to Christianity after witnessing the monk's ordeal.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The passage shifts from a narrative of conversion to a didactic saying by Abba Macarius, then returns to a narrative of his encounter with demons, framed by the theme of spiritual steadfastness.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"parallel","kind":"parallel","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The motif of a monk using a corpse as a pillow and being tested by demons parallels other desert father stories, such as those of St. Antony, where ascetics prove their fearlessness.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase 'ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩϯ ⲁϥϣⲉ ⲉϧⲟⲩⲛ ⲉⲟⲩϩⲙⲁϥ' is ambiguous: it may mean 'where a god had gone into a bath' (referring to a pagan deity) or 'where God had gone into a bath' (a theologically problematic reading). The context of Greek corpses and demons favors the pagan interpretation."],"confidence":"high","notes":[{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲥⲱⲙⲁ","text":"ⲥⲱⲙⲁ → “body”. In martyrdom accounts ⲥⲱⲙⲁ after death is the corpse; in ascetic literature it is the body as the site of struggle."},{"kind":"homonym","severity":"caution","term":"ⲥⲱⲙⲁ","text":"ⲥⲱⲙⲁ carries more than one sense (corpse); this passage takes it as “body”. The choice is the translator's, not a lexical given."}]},{"i":12,"ref":"p12","source":"ⲛⲑⲣⲉϥⲉⲣ ⲉⲧϩⲏ ⲁϥⲉⲣⲁⲡⲁⲛⲧⲁⲛ ⲉⲟⲩϩⲉⲗⲗⲏⲛⲟⲥ ⲛⲉ ⲟⲩⲟⲩⲏⲃ ⲇⲉ ⲙⲡⲁⲇⲁⲗⲁⲥ ⲉϥϥⲁⲓ ⲛⲟⲩⲛⲓϣϯ ⲛϣⲉ ⲙⲡⲓⲕⲁⲩⲙⲁ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲁϥϭⲟϫⲓ ⲡⲉ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁ\nⲡⲓⲥⲟⲛ ⲱϣ ⲟⲩⲃⲏϥ ⲛⲁϥⲙⲟⲩϯ ⲡⲉ ⲉϥϫⲱ ⲙⲙⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ϩⲉ ⲛⲑⲟⲕ ⲡⲓⲇⲁⲓⲙⲱⲛ\nⲁⲕϭⲟϫⲓ ⲉⲑⲱⲛ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲫⲟⲛϩϥ ⲛⲁϥⲛⲏⲟⲩ ⲉϫⲱϥ ⲡⲉ ⲁϥϯ ⲛϩⲁⲛ ⲉⲣϧⲱⲧ ⲛⲁϥ ⲁϥⲭⲁϥ ⲉϥⲟⲓ ⲙⲫⲁϣ ⲙⲟϥ (-ⲓ︦ⲃ︦-) ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲧⲱⲟⲩⲛ ⲙⲡⲓϣⲉ\nⲁϥϭⲟϫⲓ ⲟⲛ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲥⲓⲛⲓ ⲉⲧϩⲏ ⲛⲟⲩⲕⲟⲩϫⲓ ⲁϥϣⲁϣⲛⲓ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ⲛϫⲉ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ\nⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲙⲓⲟⲕ ⲙⲓⲟⲕ ⲡⲓⲙⲁⲓ ϧⲁⲥϥ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲉⲣ\nϣⲫⲏⲣⲓ ⲁϥⲓ ϩⲁⲣⲟϥ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲟⲩ ⲙⲡⲉⲑⲛⲁⲛⲉϥ ⲁⲕⲛⲁϥ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ⲛϧⲏⲧ\nϫⲉ ⲁⲕⲧⲁⲓⲉ ⲙⲟⲩϯ ⲛⲏⲓ. ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲁⲓⲛⲁⲩ ⲉⲣⲟⲕ ⲉⲕϧⲟⲥⲓ\nⲛⲕⲉⲙⲓ ⲁⲛ ϫⲉ ⲁⲕϧⲟⲥⲓ ⲛⲉⲫⲗⲏⲟⲩ. ⲛⲑⲟϥ ⲇⲉ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ϩⲱ\nⲁⲓⲟⲩⲉⲙ ϩⲑⲏⲓ ⲉϫⲉⲛ ⲡⲁⲥⲡⲁⲥⲙⲟⲥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲓⲉⲙⲓ ϫⲉ ⲛⲑⲟⲕ ⲫⲁ ⲟⲩⲛⲓϣϯ\nⲛⲛⲟⲩϯ ⲕⲉⲙⲟⲛⲁⲭⲟⲥ ⲇⲉ ⲉϥϩⲱⲟⲩ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲉⲣⲁⲡⲁⲛⲧⲁⲛ ⲉⲣⲟⲓ ⲁϥϩⲱⲟⲩϣ ⲉⲣⲟⲓ\nⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲇⲉ ⲁⲓϯ ⲛϩⲁⲛ ⲉⲣϧⲱⲧ ⲛⲁϥ ⲉⲫⲙⲟⲩ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁ ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲉⲙⲓ ϫⲉ\nⲡⲉϥⲙⲁⲑⲏⲧⲏⲥ ⲡⲉ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁ ⲡⲓⲟⲩⲏⲃ ⲁⲙⲟⲛⲓ ⲛⲛⲉϥϭⲁⲗⲁⲩϫ ⲛⲁϥϫⲱ\nⲙⲙⲟⲥ ⲡⲉ ϫⲉ ϯⲛⲁⲭⲁⲕ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲁⲛ ⲁⲕϣⲧⲉⲙⲁⲓⲧ ⲙⲙⲟⲛⲁⲭⲟⲥ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲩⲓ\nⲥⲁ ⲡϣⲱⲓ ⲙⲡⲓⲙⲁ ⲉⲛⲁⲣⲉ ⲡⲓⲥⲟⲛ ⲭⲏ ⲙⲙⲟϥ ⲁⲩⲉⲛϥ ⲉϯⲉⲕⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ ⲛⲧⲉ","english":"...so that he might be first. He encountered a Greek, a priest of Apollo, who was carrying a large load of wood from the field, and he was stumbling. And when the brother called out to him, he was shouting, saying, \"Woe to you, demon! You have stumbled where?\" And when he turned around, he was coming toward him. He gave him some blows, left him in great pain (—12—). And when he arose from the wood, he stumbled again. And when he had gone a little further, Abba Macarius rebuked him, saying to him, \"Woe, woe to you, wretch!\" And when he was amazed, he came to him, saying, \"Why did you not do good, that you saw him in your heart, that you honored God for me?\" The old man said to him, \"I saw you high, not low, for you were high among the Greeks.\" He, however, said to him, \"I also ate my heart over my greeting, and I realized that you are a great man of God.\" Another monk, however, who was evil, when he encountered me, he insulted me, but I gave him some blows unto death. And the old man realized that he was his disciple. And when the priest seized his hands, he was saying, \"I will not let you go; you have wronged a monk.\" And they went to the top of the place where the brother was lying. They brought him to the church of...","structure":"dialogue","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲉⲕⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic ⲉⲕⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ can denote the building, the congregation, or the institution; here it likely refers to the physical church building where the injured brother is taken.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲃⲃⲁ","severity":"info","text":"The address ⲁⲃⲃⲁ (Abba) is retained from the Coptic as a title of respect for Apa Macarius, consistent with monastic usage.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲓⲇⲁⲓⲙⲱⲛ","severity":"info","text":"The Greek priest calls the stumbling monk a 'demon' (ⲡⲓⲇⲁⲓⲙⲱⲛ), reflecting a common trope in monastic literature where pagans or heretics are demonized.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage is a dialogue within a longer narrative, marked by direct speech and a shift from action to moral reflection, typical of the apophthegmata tradition.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"sense","kind":"sense","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The old man's remark 'I saw you high, not low' contrasts the Greek priest's initial humility with his later violent reaction, underscoring the theme of hidden virtue.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic phrase ⲁϥϯ ⲛϩⲁⲛ ⲉⲣϧⲱⲧ ⲛⲁϥ is ambiguous: it may mean 'he gave him some blows' or 'he gave him some wounds'; the English draft opts for 'blows'.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of the 'brother' (ⲡⲓⲥⲟⲛ) who first calls out is unclear; he may be the same as the 'evil monk' mentioned later.","The phrase ⲁϥϯ ⲛϩⲁⲛ ⲉⲣϧⲱⲧ ⲛⲁϥ could be read as 'he gave him some blows' or 'he gave him some wounds'; the English draft takes the former.","The location 'the top of the place' (ⲡϣⲱⲓ ⲙⲡⲓⲙⲁ) is vague; it may refer to a hill or a specific site within the monastery."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[{"kind":"structure","severity":"info","label":"dialogue","text":"Classified as dialogue from the Coptic cues."}]},{"i":13,"ref":"p13","source":"ⲡⲓⲧⲱⲟⲩ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲛⲁⲩ ⲉⲡⲓⲟⲩⲏⲃ ⲁⲩⲉⲣ ϣⲫⲏⲣⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲩϯ ⲱⲙⲥ ⲛⲁϥ\nⲁⲩⲁⲓϥ ⲙⲙⲟⲛⲁⲭⲟⲥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲟⲩ- (-ⲓ︦︦ⲅ︦-) ⲙⲏϣ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲛⲓϩⲉⲗⲗⲏⲛⲟⲥ ⲁⲩⲉⲣ\nⲭⲣⲓⲥⲧⲓⲁⲛⲟⲥ ⲉⲑⲃⲏⲧϥ.\nⲁϥϫⲟⲥ ⲛϫⲉ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲡⲓⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲉⲧϩⲱⲟⲩ ⲛⲓⲕⲉⲭⲱⲟⲩⲛⲓ ⲉⲑⲛⲁⲛⲉⲩ ϣⲁϥⲑⲣⲟⲩⲧϩⲟ ⲡⲁⲓⲣⲏϯ ⲟⲛ ⲡⲓⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲉⲑⲛⲁⲛⲉϥ ⲛⲓⲕⲉⲭⲱⲟⲩⲛⲓ ⲉⲧϩⲱⲟⲩ ϣⲁϥⲑⲣⲟⲩⲁⲛⲁⲓ.\nⲛⲑⲟϥ ⲟⲛ ⲁϥⲓ ⲉⲡϣⲱⲓ ⲛⲟⲩⲥⲟⲡ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ ϣⲓⲏⲧ ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩϯ ⲁϥϣⲉ\nⲉϧⲟⲩⲛ ⲉⲟⲩϩⲙⲁⲩ ⲁϥⲉⲛⲕⲟⲧ. ⲛⲉ ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ϩⲁⲛ ⲥⲱⲙⲁ ⲛⲁⲡⲁⲥ ⲙⲙⲁⲩ ⲡⲉ ⲛⲧⲉ\nⲛⲓϩⲉⲗⲗⲏⲛⲟⲥ ⲉⲩⲙⲱⲟⲩⲧ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁϥϭⲓ ⲛⲟⲩⲁⲓ ⲁϥⲭⲁϥ ϧⲁ ⲧⲉϥⲁⲫⲉ\nⲙⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲛⲟⲩⲙⲣⲱⲙ ϩⲓⲛⲁ ⲛⲧⲉϥⲙⲧⲟⲛ ⲙⲙⲟϥ ⲛⲟⲩⲕⲟⲩϫⲓ. ⲛⲑⲱⲟⲩ ⲟⲩⲛ\nⲛⲓⲇⲁⲓⲙⲱⲛ ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲛⲁⲩ ⲉⲡⲉϥϩⲏⲧ ⲉϥϫⲟⲣ ⲙⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲙⲫⲁ ⲟⲩⲙⲟⲩⲓ ⲁⲩⲉⲣⲫⲑⲟⲛⲉⲓⲛ ⲉⲑⲣⲉϥⲛⲟⲩϣⲡ ⲁⲩⲙⲟⲩϯ ⲉⲟⲩⲣⲁⲛ ⲙⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲛϩⲁⲛ ϩⲓⲟⲙⲓ ⲉⲩϫⲱ\nⲙⲙⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲧⲁ ⲛⲓⲙ ⲁⲙⲏ ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲛ ⲉϯⲥⲓⲱⲟⲩⲛⲓ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁϥⲟⲩⲟϩⲉⲙ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲱⲟⲩ\nⲛϫⲉ ⲕⲉⲇⲁⲓⲙⲱⲛ ⲥⲁϧⲣⲏⲓ ⲙⲙⲟϥ ⲙⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲓⲣⲉϥⲙⲱⲟⲩⲧ ϫⲉ\nⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲟⲩϣⲉⲙⲙⲟ ⲥⲁ ⲡϣⲱⲓ ⲙⲙⲟⲓ ⲙⲙⲟⲛ ϣϫⲟⲙ ⲙⲙⲟⲓ ⲉⲓ. ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ\nⲇⲉ ⲙⲡⲉϥⲛⲟⲩϣⲡ ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ⲉϥⲧⲁϫⲣⲏⲟⲩⲧ ⲛⲁϥϩⲓⲟⲩⲓ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ⲡⲉ ⲉϥϫⲱ ⲙⲙⲟⲥ\nϫⲉ ⲧⲱⲛⲕ ϩⲱⲗ (-ⲓ︦ⲇ︦-) ⲉⲡⲓⲭⲁⲕⲓ ⲓⲥϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ϣϫⲟⲙ ⲙⲙⲟⲕ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲫⲁⲓ","english":"...so that he might be first. He encountered a Greek, a priest of Apollo, who was carrying a large load of wood from the field, and he was stumbling. And when the brother called out to him, he was shouting, saying, \"Woe\n\nThe mountain, and when they saw the priest, they marveled and gave him help.\nThey raised up the monk, and a multitude of the Greeks became\nChristians because of him.\nApa Macarius said, \"The evil word, the other virtues that are good, it causes them to be despised. Likewise, the good word, the other virtues that are evil, it causes them to be loved.\"\nHe himself also went up once by way of a road where God had gone\ninto a tomb and slept. There were some bodies of the Greeks there, dead, and he took one and placed it under his head\nlike a pillow so that he might rest himself a little. Then\nthe demons, when they saw his heart strong like that of a lion, became envious to make him stumble. They called out a name like stones, saying,\n\"Who is this? Come with us to give us knowledge.\" And they answered\nthe demons, saying from the dead, \"There is a stranger above me; I have no power to come.\" The old man\ndid not stumble, but he was steadfast, attacking them, saying,\n\"Rise up yourself also from the darkness if you have the power.\" And this","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲥⲱⲙⲁ","severity":"info","text":"Here ⲥⲱⲙⲁ refers to corpses of Greeks, consistent with the glossary sense of 'corpse' in martyrdom contexts.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲃⲃⲁ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic retains ⲁⲃⲃⲁ as a title for Macarius, following the glossary's instruction to keep the Greek/Syriac form.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"external","lemma":"ⲛⲓϩⲉⲗⲗⲏⲛⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The term 'Greeks' (ⲛⲓϩⲉⲗⲗⲏⲛⲟⲥ) in Coptic hagiography often denotes pagans, as here where they convert after seeing the priest.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"Macarius's aphorism on good and evil words interrupting the narrative is a typical didactic insertion in Coptic monastic literature.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"parallel","kind":"parallel","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲙⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲙⲫⲁ ⲟⲩⲙⲟⲩⲓ","severity":"info","text":"The comparison of Macarius's heart to a lion echoes the trope of the ascetic's courage against demons, paralleling Antony's Vita.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲓⲭⲁⲕⲓ","severity":"caution","text":"The word ⲡⲓⲭⲁⲕⲓ (the darkness) is ambiguous: it may refer to the tomb's darkness or metaphorically to demonic deception; the reading follows the literal sense.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase 'ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩϯ ⲁϥϣⲉ ⲉϧⲟⲩⲛ ⲉⲟⲩϩⲙⲁⲩ' is ambiguous: it could mean 'where God had gone into a tomb' (divine visitation) or be a corruption; the reading takes it as a divine reference.","The identity of 'the old man' (ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ) is ambiguous—likely Macarius, but the text does not explicitly name him here."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":14,"ref":"p14","source":"ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲥⲟⲑⲙⲉϥ ⲛϫⲉ ⲛⲓⲇⲁⲓⲙⲱⲛ ⲁⲩⲱϣ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲛⲓϣϯ ⲛⲥⲙⲏ ϫⲉ\nⲁⲕϭⲣⲟ ⲉⲣⲟⲛ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲩϣⲉ ⲛⲱⲟⲩ ⲉⲩϣⲫⲓⲧ.\nⲟⲩⲥⲟⲛ ⲁϥϩⲓ ⲟⲩⲕⲟⲧ ⲉⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲡⲓⲛⲓϣϯ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲡⲁⲓⲱⲧ\nⲁϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲛⲏⲓ ϫⲉ ⲁⲓⲛⲁϣⲛⲟϩⲙ ⲛⲁϣ ⲛⲣⲏϯ. ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ\nϩⲱⲗ ⲉⲡⲓⲙϩⲁⲩ ϩⲱⲟⲩϣ ⲉⲛⲓⲣⲉϥⲙⲱⲟⲩⲧ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲥⲉⲧ ⲱⲛⲓ ⲉⲣⲱⲟⲩ. ⲉⲧⲁϥϣⲉ\nⲛⲁϥ ⲟⲩⲛ ⲛϫⲉ ⲡⲓⲥⲟⲛ ⲁϥϩⲱⲟⲩϣ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲓ ⲁϥⲧⲁⲙⲉ ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ. ⲡⲉϫⲉ\nⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲙⲡⲟⲩϫⲉ ϩⲗⲓ ⲛⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲛⲁⲕ. ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲙⲫⲏ. ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ϩⲱⲗ ⲛⲣⲁⲥϯ ⲙⲁ ⲱⲟⲩ ⲛⲱⲟⲩ ⲉⲕϫⲱ ⲙⲙⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲛⲑⲱⲧⲉⲛ\nϩⲁⲛ ⲁⲡⲟⲥⲧⲟⲗⲟⲥ ⲛⲉⲙ ϩⲁⲛ ⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲛⲉⲙ ϩⲁⲛ ⲑⲙⲏⲓ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁϥⲓ ϩⲁ ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ\nⲉϥϫⲱ ⲙⲙⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲁⲓϯ ⲱⲟⲩ ⲛⲱⲟⲩ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲙⲡⲟⲩⲉⲣ\nⲟⲩⲱ ⲛⲁⲕ ⲛϩⲗⲓ. ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲙⲫⲏ. ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲁⲕⲛⲁⲩ ϫⲉ ⲁⲕⲉⲣ\nⲟⲩⲏⲣ ⲛϩⲱⲟⲩϣ ⲉⲣⲱⲟⲩ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲙⲡⲟⲩϫⲉ ϩⲗⲓ ⲛⲁⲕ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲕϯ ⲟⲩⲏⲣ ⲛⲱⲟⲩ\nⲛⲱⲟⲩ ⲙⲡⲟⲩⲉⲣ ⲟⲩⲱ ⲛϩⲗⲓ (-ⲓ︦ⲉ︦-) ⲡⲁⲓⲣⲏϯ ⲛⲑⲟⲕ ϩⲱⲕ ⲉϣⲱⲡ ⲭⲟⲩⲱϣ\nⲉⲛⲟϩⲉⲙ ϩⲱⲗ ⲁⲣⲓ ⲣⲉϥⲙⲱⲟⲩⲧ ⲉⲕⲱⲡ ⲁⲛ ⲙⲡϣⲱϣ ⲛⲛⲓⲣⲱⲙⲓ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲡⲟⲩⲧⲁⲓⲟ ⲙⲫⲣⲏϯ ϩⲱⲟⲩ ⲛⲛⲓⲣⲉϥⲙⲱⲟⲩⲧ ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ϣϫⲟⲙ ⲙⲙⲟⲕ ⲉⲛⲟϩⲉⲙ.\nⲁⲩϫⲟⲥ ⲟⲛ ⲉⲑⲃⲏⲧϥ ϫⲉ ⲉϣⲱⲡ ⲁⲣⲉϣⲁⲛ ⲟⲩⲥⲟⲛ ⲓ ϩⲁⲣⲟϥ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩϩⲟϯ\nⲙⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲛⲟⲩⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲛⲓϣϯ ⲛϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲛⲁϥϫⲉ ϩⲗⲓ ⲛⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲛⲁϥ ⲁⲛ","english":"...so that he might be first. He encountered a Greek, a priest of Apollo, who was carrying a large load of wood from the field, and he was stumbling. And when the brother called out to him, he was shouting, saying, \"Woe\n\nWhen the demons heard him, they cried out with a loud voice, saying, \"You have prevailed over us!\" and they fled in shame.\n\nA brother once came to Abba Macarius the Great and said to him, \"My father, say a word to me, for I have been troubled in many ways.\" The old man said to him, \"Go, honor the dead, and they will rise up for you.\" When the brother had gone, he honored them, and then he returned and told the old man. The old man said to him, \"Did they say anything to you?\" He said, \"No.\" The old man said to him, \"Go, give glory to them, saying, 'You are apostles, saints, and true ones.'\" And he went before the old man, saying, \"I have given glory to them.\" And the old man said to him, \"Did they respond to you at all?\" He said, \"No.\" The old man said to him, \"Do you see how much honor you paid them, and they said nothing to you, and how much glory you gave them, and they did not respond at all? In the same way, you also, if you wish to be saved, go, become dead, and do not be concerned with the honor of men or with their esteem, as the dead are. Then you will be able to be saved.\"\n\nIt was also said about him that if a brother came to him in fear, as before a saint and a great old man, he would say nothing to him.","structure":"dialogue","commentary":[{"unit":"sense","kind":"sense","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁⲕϭⲣⲟ ⲉⲣⲟⲛ","severity":"info","text":"The demons' cry 'You have prevailed over us' marks a victory over demonic temptation, a common motif in desert ascetic literature.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲡⲟⲥⲧⲟⲗⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"Here used in a metaphorical sense, as the brother is instructed to call the dead 'apostles, saints, and true ones'—a rhetorical device to teach humility.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"Used adjectivally in the phrase 'saints' (ϩⲁⲛ ⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ), referring to the dead as holy figures in the brother's imaginative act of honoring them.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲣⲉϥⲙⲱⲟⲩⲧ","severity":"info","text":"The instruction to 'become dead' (ⲣⲉϥⲙⲱⲟⲩⲧ) reflects the ascetic ideal of 'death to the world'—a state of detachment from honor and social esteem.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The passage is a dialogue between a brother and Abba Macarius, structured as a teaching through a parable-like analogy: the brother's actions toward the dead mirror his own spiritual practice.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The concluding note—that Macarius would say nothing to a brother who came in fear—illustrates his reputation for silence as a pedagogical tool, a theme in the Sayings of the Desert Fathers.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The Coptic phrase ⲁⲩϣⲉ ⲛⲱⲟⲩ ⲉⲩϣⲫⲓⲧ: 'they fled in shame' is clear, but the preceding clause 'they cried out with a loud voice' could be read as either direct or indirect speech; the translation takes it as direct.","The phrase ⲙⲡⲟⲩϫⲉ ϩⲗⲓ ⲛⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲛⲁⲕ: 'Did they say anything to you?' is ambiguous as to whether it refers to the dead or to the demons; context favors the dead."],"confidence":"high","notes":[{"kind":"structure","severity":"info","label":"dialogue","text":"Classified as dialogue from the Coptic cues."},{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲁⲡⲟⲥⲧⲟⲗⲟⲥ","text":"ⲁⲡⲟⲥⲧⲟⲗⲟⲥ → “apostle”. Standard rendering; first occurrence is noted here, the term recurs below."},{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ","text":"ⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ → “holy”. Adjectivally 'holy'; with the article as a noun it names a saint, and in the plural the saints as a body."},{"kind":"homonym","severity":"caution","term":"ⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ","text":"ⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ carries more than one sense (saint); this passage takes it as “holy”. The choice is the translator's, not a lexical given."}]},{"i":15,"ref":"p15","source":"ⲡⲉ. ⲉϣⲱⲡ ⲇⲉ ⲁⲣⲉϣⲁⲛ ⲟⲩⲁⲓ ⲛⲛⲓⲥⲛⲏⲟⲩ ϫⲟⲥ ⲛⲁϥ ⲉϥϣⲱϣϥ ⲙⲙⲟϥ ϫⲉ\nⲡⲁⲓⲱⲧ ϩⲁⲣⲁ ⲉⲕⲟⲓ ⲙⲙⲁⲛ ϫⲁⲙⲟⲩⲗ ⲉⲕⲕⲉⲗⲡ ϧⲁⲓ ⲉⲕϯ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲛⲁⲩϩⲓⲟⲩⲓ\nⲉⲣⲟⲕ ⲁⲛ ⲡⲉ ⲛϫⲉ ⲛⲓⲣⲉϥⲁⲣⲉϩ ⲁⲣⲉϣⲁⲛ ⲟⲩⲁⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲛⲉⲙⲁϥ ϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲁⲓⲥⲁϫⲓ ϣⲁϥⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲛⲉⲙⲱⲟⲩ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲣⲁϣⲓ ⲙⲫⲏ ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲁϣⲉⲛϥ ⲉⲣⲟϥ.\nⲁϥϫⲟⲥ ⲛϫⲉ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ϭⲓϭⲱⲓ ϫⲉ ϩⲟⲧⲉ ⲉⲓϧⲉⲛ ϣⲓⲏⲧ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ\nⲁⲛⲓ ⲉⲡϣⲱⲓ ⲛⲉⲙⲁϥ ⲉⲱⲥϧ ⲉⲛⲉⲣ ⲍ ϩⲏⲡⲡⲉ ⲛⲁⲥⲥⲣⲓⲧ ⲥⲁ ⲫⲁϩⲟⲩ ⲙⲙⲟⲛ ⲛϫⲉ\nⲟⲩⲭⲏⲣⲁ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲁⲥⲭⲱ ⲛⲧⲟⲧⲥ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲁⲛ ⲡⲉ ⲉⲥⲣⲓⲙⲓ. ⲁϥⲙⲟⲩϯ ⲟⲛ ⲛϫⲉ\nⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲉⲡⲟ︦ⲥ︦ ⲙⲡⲓⲓⲟϩⲓ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲟⲩ ⲡⲉ ⲉⲧϣⲟⲡ ⲛⲧⲁⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲱ ⲉⲥⲣⲓⲙⲓ ⲉϥⲙⲏⲛ. ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲁϥ (-ⲓ︦︦ⲋ︦-) ϫⲉ ⲛⲉ ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲟⲩⲡⲁⲣⲁⲑⲏⲕⲏ ⲡⲉ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲟⲩⲁⲓ\nⲉⲡⲉⲥⲣⲱⲙⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁϥⲙⲟⲩ ⲛϩⲱⲗϥ ⲙⲡⲉϥϫⲟⲥ ⲛⲁⲥ ϫⲉ ⲁϥⲭⲁⲥ ⲛⲑⲱⲛ ⲟⲩⲟϩ\nⲁ ⲡⲟ︦ⲥ︦ ⲛϯⲡⲁⲣⲁⲑⲏⲕⲏ ⲟⲩⲱϣ ⲉⲟⲗⲥ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲛⲉⲥϣⲏⲣⲓ ⲉϩⲁⲛ ⲃⲱⲕ. ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲁϫⲟⲥ ⲛⲁⲥ ϩⲓⲛⲁ ⲛⲧⲉⲥⲓ ϩⲁⲣⲟⲛ ⲉⲡⲓⲙⲁ ⲉⲛⲁⲛⲙⲟⲧⲉⲛ ⲙⲙⲟⲛ\nⲙⲙⲁⲩ ⲛϯⲕⲁⲩⲙⲁ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁⲥⲓ ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲛⲁⲥ ϫⲉ ⲉⲑⲃⲉ ⲟⲩ ⲧⲉⲣⲓⲙⲓ\nⲉϥⲙⲏⲛ. ⲡⲉϫⲁⲥ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲁ ⲡⲁⲣⲱⲙⲓ ϭⲓ ⲛⲟⲩⲡⲁⲣⲁⲑⲏⲕⲏ ⲛⲧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲁⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ\nⲙⲡⲉϥϫⲟⲥ ⲛⲏⲓ ϫⲉ ⲁϥⲭⲁⲥ ⲛⲑⲱⲛ. ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲛⲁⲥ ϫⲉ ⲁⲙⲏ ⲙⲁⲧⲁⲙⲟⲓ ϫⲉ ⲁⲣⲉⲭⲁϥ ⲛⲑⲱⲛ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁϥϭⲓ ⲛⲛⲓⲥⲛⲏⲟⲩ ⲛⲉⲙⲁϥ ⲁϥⲓ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ","english":"...the one. But if one of the brothers should say to him while he is mocking him, \"Father, are you a camel that you carry wood and give it out?\" they are not guarding you, the guards. But if one should speak with him in these words, he speaks with them in joy, the one whom they will ask about him.\n\nAbba Gidgōi said, \"Once I was on the road with Abba Macarius, and I went up with him to the mountain to bind the bundles of reeds. Behind us there was a widow, and she would not let go of her hand from weeping.\" The old man also called upon the Lord of the hour, and he said to him, \"What is it that happens to this old woman that she weeps continually?\" He said to him (the 18th), \"There is a deposit of someone with her husband, and he died, and he did not tell her that he had left it with her. And the Lord wished to test the deposit with her children for some work.\" The old man said to him, \"Tell her so that she may come to us to this place, and we will give her the warmth there.\" And when she came, the old man said to her, \"Why do you weep continually?\" She said to him, \"My husband took a deposit from someone, and he did not tell me that he had left it with her.\" The old man said to her, \"Come, show me where you left it.\" And he took the brothers with him and went out.","structure":"dialogue","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲃⲃⲁ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic text uses ⲁⲃⲃⲁ (Abba) as a title for Macarius and Gidgōi, a Greek/Syriac honorific retained in the translation.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲁⲣⲁⲑⲏⲕⲏ","severity":"info","text":"The Greek loanword ⲡⲁⲣⲁⲑⲏⲕⲏ (parathēkē) means 'deposit' or 'trust', a legal term for goods left in safekeeping, central to the widow's dilemma.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The widow's weeping over an unacknowledged deposit reflects a common desert monastic scenario where the elder resolves a domestic or legal dispute, demonstrating practical wisdom.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage shifts from a general saying about mockery to a specific narrative introduced by 'Abba Gidgōi said', a typical apophthegmata structure linking a lesson to a story.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase 'the 18th' (ⲓ︦ⲋ︦) in the English draft is unclear; the Coptic has a numeral that may be a marginal note or a scribal insertion, not part of the original dialogue.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The story of the widow and the deposit appears in other collections of Macarian sayings, indicating its circulation as a model of pastoral care in Coptic monastic tradition.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of 'the 18th' (ⲓ︦ⲋ︦) is uncertain; it may be a chapter number, a folio reference, or a scribal error.","The phrase 'he went out' (ⲁϥⲓ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ) at the end is ambiguous: it could mean he left the place or went out to find the deposit."],"confidence":"high","notes":[{"kind":"structure","severity":"info","label":"dialogue","text":"Classified as dialogue from the Coptic cues."}]},{"i":16,"ref":"p16","source":"ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲓ ⲉⲡⲓⲙⲁ ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲛⲁⲥ ϫⲉ ⲙⲁϣⲉ ⲛⲉ ⲉⲡⲉⲏⲓ.\nⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲧⲱⲃϩ ⲁ ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲙⲟⲩϯ ⲉⲡⲓⲣⲉϥⲙⲱⲟⲩⲧ ⲉϥϫⲱ ⲙⲙⲟⲥ ϫⲉ\nⲡⲁⲫⲙⲁⲛ ⲉⲧⲁⲕⲭⲁ ϯⲡⲁⲣⲁⲑⲏⲕⲏ ⲛⲁⲗⲗⲟⲧⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲛⲑⲱⲛ. ⲛⲑⲟϥ ⲇⲉ ⲁϥⲉⲣ\nⲟⲩⲱ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲥⲭⲏ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲁⲏⲓ ⲥⲁϧⲣⲏⲓ ⲛⲓⲫⲁⲧ ⲙⲡⲓϭⲗⲟϫ. ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ\nⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲛⲑⲟⲕ ⲟⲩⲛ ⲉⲛⲕⲟⲧ ϣⲁ ⲡⲓⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ ⲛⲧⲉ ϯⲁⲛⲁⲥⲧⲁⲥⲓⲥ. ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲁⲩ ⲇⲉ\nⲛϫⲉ ⲛⲓⲥⲛⲏⲟⲩ ⲁⲩϩⲉⲓ (-ⲓⲍ-) ϧⲁ ⲛⲉϥϭⲁⲗⲁⲩϫ ⲛⲧⲉⲛ ϯϩⲟϯ ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ\nⲛⲱⲟⲩ ϫⲉ ⲉⲑⲃⲏⲧ ⲁⲛ ⲁ ⲫⲁⲓ ϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ϩⲗⲓ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ⲉⲑⲃⲉ ⲧⲁⲓⲭⲏⲣⲁ\nⲛⲉⲙ ⲛⲓⲟⲣⲫⲁⲛⲟⲥ ⲁ ⲫ︦ϯ︦ ⲓⲣⲓ ⲙⲡⲁⲓϩⲱⲃ ⲫⲁⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲡⲉ ⲡⲓⲛⲓϣϯ ϫⲉ ⲉⲣⲉ ⲫ︦ϯ︦\nⲟⲩⲁϣ ϯⲯⲩⲭⲏ ⲉⲥⲟⲓ ⲛⲁⲑⲛⲟⲃⲓ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲓ ⲁⲩⲧⲁⲙⲉ ϯⲭⲏⲣⲁ ϫⲉ ⲉⲣⲉ\nϯⲡⲁⲣⲁⲑⲏⲕⲏ ⲛⲑⲱⲛ ⲛⲑⲟⲥ ⲇⲉ ⲉⲧⲁⲥϭⲓⲧⲥ ⲁⲥⲧⲏⲓⲥ ⲙⲡⲉⲥⲛⲏⲃ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲥⲉⲣ\nⲛⲉⲥϣⲏⲣⲓ ⲛⲣⲉⲙϩⲉ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲏ ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ ⲁⲩϯ ⲱⲟⲩ ⲙⲫ︦ϯ︦.\nⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲡⲓⲛⲓϣϯ ⲁϥⲭⲁ ϯⲉⲕⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϧⲉⲛ ϣⲓⲏⲧ ⲛⲁϥϫⲱ\nⲙⲙⲟⲥ ⲡⲉ ⲛⲛⲓⲥⲛⲏⲟⲩ ϫⲉ ⲫⲱⲧ ⲛⲓⲥⲛⲏⲟⲩ. ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲟⲩϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲁⲛⲛⲁⲫⲱⲧ ⲉⲑⲱⲛ ⲛϩⲟⲩⲟ ⲉⲡⲁⲓϣⲁϥⲉ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲭⲁ ⲡⲉϥⲧⲏⲃ ϩⲓⲣⲉⲛ ⲣⲱϥ ⲁϥϫⲱ\nⲙⲙⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲫⲁⲓ ⲡⲉ ⲡⲓⲫⲱⲧ ⲉⲧⲉ ⲡⲓⲭⲁ ⲣⲱϥ ⲡⲉ.\nⲁϥϫⲟⲥ ⲛϫⲉ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲡⲁⲫⲛⲟⲩϯ ⲡⲓⲙⲁⲑⲏⲧⲏⲥ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ϫⲉ","english":"...with her. And when they came to the place, the old man said to her, \"Go to your house.\" And when they had prayed, the old man called the murderer, saying, \"My place, where you put the deposit for strangers, is yours.\" But he answered and said, \"It is in my house, under the bed.\" The old man said to him, \"Then you will sleep until the day of the resurrection.\" When the brothers saw, they fell at his feet in fear. The old man said to them, \"It was not because of me that this happened, but because of the widow and the orphans. God did this work. This is the great thing: that God desires the soul to be sinless.\" And when they came, they told the widow, \"Your deposit is yours.\" And when she took it, she gave it to her husband, and he made his children free. And those who heard gave glory to God.\n\nAbba Macarius the Great left the church because of shame, saying to the brothers, \"Flee, brothers.\" An old man said to him, \"Shall we flee to the desert?\" And when he put his finger on his mouth, he said, \"This is the flight: the putting of the hand on the mouth.\"\n\nAbba Paphnutius, the disciple of Abba Macarius, said,","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲛⲁⲥⲧⲁⲥⲓⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Greek loanword ⲁⲛⲁⲥⲧⲁⲥⲓⲥ (resurrection) here refers to the general resurrection, as the old man speaks of sleeping until that day.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲉⲕⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ","severity":"info","text":"ⲉⲕⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ (church) here denotes the building or congregation; Macarius leaves it because of shame (ϣⲓⲏⲧ).","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲯⲩⲭⲏ","severity":"info","text":"ⲯⲩⲭⲏ (soul) appears in the old man's saying that God desires the soul to be sinless, referring to the immortal soul.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"external","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The deposit (ⲡⲁⲣⲁⲑⲏⲕⲏ) motif reflects a common desert father narrative where a murderer's hidden treasure is revealed through prayer, leading to repentance and manumission.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage concludes the story of the widow and murderer, then transitions to a new saying about flight (ⲫⲱⲧ) as silence, attributed to Macarius and Paphnutius.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase ⲁⲩϩⲉⲓ (-ⲓⲍ-) is partially corrupt; the reading 'they fell' is conjectural, based on context and the following ϧⲁ ⲛⲉϥϭⲁⲗⲁⲩϫ.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of the 'old man' (ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ) in the first episode is not specified; it may be Macarius or another elder.","The phrase ⲁⲩϩⲉⲓ (-ⲓⲍ-) is partially illegible; the reading 'they fell' is assumed from context."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲁⲛⲁⲥⲧⲁⲥⲓⲥ","text":"ⲁⲛⲁⲥⲧⲁⲥⲓⲥ → “resurrection”. Greek ἀνάστασις; the general resurrection and Christ's are distinguished by context, not by the word."},{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲯⲩⲭⲏ","text":"ⲯⲩⲭⲏ → “soul”. Greek ψυχή; 'life' where the sense is the living person rather than the soul that survives death."},{"kind":"homonym","severity":"caution","term":"ⲯⲩⲭⲏ","text":"ⲯⲩⲭⲏ carries more than one sense (life); this passage takes it as “soul”. The choice is the translator's, not a lexical given."}]},{"i":17,"ref":"p17","source":"ⲁⲓϯ ϩⲟ ⲉⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ϫⲉ ⲡⲁⲓⲱⲧ ⲁϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲛⲏⲓ. ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲏⲓ ϫⲉ ⲙⲡⲉⲣⲉⲣ\nⲡⲉⲧϩⲱⲟⲩ ⲛϩⲗⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲙⲡⲉⲣϩⲓ ϩⲗⲓ ⲉⲡϩⲁⲡ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲭⲛⲁⲛⲟϩⲉⲙ.\nⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲱⲩⲥⲏⲥ ⲁϥϫⲟⲥ ⲛⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ϯⲟⲩⲱϣ ⲉⲱⲣϥ ⲛⲓⲥⲛⲏⲟⲩ\n(-ⲓ︦ⲏ︦-) ⲭⲱ ⲙⲙⲟⲓ ⲁⲛ. ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ϯⲛⲁⲩ ⲉⲧⲉⲕⲫⲩⲥⲓⲥ\nϫⲏⲛ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲙⲙⲟⲛ ϣϫⲟⲙ ⲙⲙⲟⲕ ⲉⲧⲁⲥⲑⲉ ⲟⲩⲥⲟⲛ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲓⲥϫⲉ ⲇⲉ ⲭⲟⲩⲱϣ\nⲉⲱⲣϥ ⲛⲧⲁ ⲫⲙⲏⲓ ⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ ⲛⲥⲱⲓ ϩⲱⲗ ⲉϯⲡⲉⲧⲣⲁ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲭⲛⲁⲱⲣϥ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ\nⲉⲧⲁϥⲓⲣⲓ ⲙⲡⲁⲓⲣⲏϯ ⲁϥⲙⲧⲟⲛ.\nⲁϥϫⲟⲥ ⲛϫⲉ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲉϣⲱⲡ ⲛⲧⲉⲕⲉⲣⲉⲡⲓⲧⲓⲙⲁⲛ ⲛⲟⲩⲁⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ\nⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲓϫⲱⲛⲧ ⲕⲓⲙ ⲉⲣⲟⲕ ⲁⲕϫⲉⲕ ⲟⲩⲡⲁⲑⲟⲥ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲟⲩ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲛⲧⲉⲕⲛⲟϩⲉⲙ\nⲛⲟⲩⲁⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲧⲉⲕⲧⲁⲕⲟⲕ ⲙⲙⲁⲩⲁⲧⲕ.\nⲁϥϫⲟⲥ ⲟⲛ ϫⲉ ⲡⲁⲛⲧⲱⲥ ⲫⲏ ⲉⲧϫⲟⲩϣⲧ ⲉϯⲙⲉⲧϣⲫⲏⲣ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲛⲓⲣⲱⲙⲓ ⲁϥϩⲉⲛϥ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϩⲁ ϯⲙⲉⲧϣⲫⲏⲣ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲫ︦ϯ︦ ⲥⲥϧⲏⲟⲩⲧ ⲅⲁⲣ ϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲟⲓ ⲛⲱⲧⲉⲛ ⲉϣⲱⲡ\nⲁⲣⲉϣⲁⲛ ⲛⲓⲣⲱⲙⲓ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ϫⲟⲥ ⲛⲱⲧⲉⲛ ϫⲉ ⲕⲁⲗⲱⲥ.\nⲁϥϫⲟⲥ ⲟⲛ ϫⲉ ϯⲙⲉⲩⲓ ⲙⲡⲁⲓⲣⲏϯ ϫⲉ ⲉϣⲱⲡ ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲁⲛⲓⲣⲓ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲛⲓϩⲏⲇⲟⲛⲏ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲛⲓⲣⲱⲙⲓ ⲛⲑⲱⲟⲩ ϩⲱⲟⲩ ⲥⲉⲛⲁϫⲉⲙ ⲁⲣⲓⲕⲓ ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲙⲉⲧⲁⲧⲉⲣ","english":"I gave attention to the old man, saying, \"My father, say a word to me.\" He said to me, \"Do not do\nevil to anyone, and do not bring anyone to judgment, and you will be saved.\"\nAbba Moses said to Abba Macarius, \"I wish to bind the brothers\n(—) do not leave me.\" Abba Macarius said to him, \"I see your nature\nis weak, and you have no strength to restrain a brother. But if you wish\nto bind, let the truth listen to me, even to the rock, and you will bind.\" And\nwhen he did thus, he was comforted.\nAbba Macarius said, \"If you receive a rebuke from someone\nand anger moves you, you have fulfilled a passion. For you do not save\nanyone, but destroy only yourself.\"\nHe also said, \"Truly, he who despises the fellowship of men has cast himself away from the fellowship of God. For it is written, 'Woe to you if\nall men say to you, \"Well done.\"'\"\nHe also said, \"I think thus: if you act according to the pleasures of men, they themselves will find a way to your condemnation.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic text uses the Greek-derived title ⲁⲃⲃⲁ (Abba) for Macarius, a standard honorific in monastic literature. The English draft retains 'Abba' as per the pinned glossary.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲥⲥϧⲏⲟⲩⲧ ⲅⲁⲣ ϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲟⲓ ⲛⲱⲧⲉⲛ","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'Woe to you if all men say to you, Well done' is introduced as a scriptural citation (ⲥⲥϧⲏⲟⲩⲧ ⲅⲁⲣ ϫⲉ). It echoes a known monastic saying, but no exact biblical verse is identified; it may derive from a wisdom tradition or apophthegm.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲁⲛⲧⲱⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Greek loanword ⲡⲁⲛⲧⲱⲥ (pantōs, 'truly' or 'certainly') is used to introduce a maxim. Such Greek adverbs are common in Coptic monastic literature, reflecting the bilingual environment of Egyptian monasteries.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁϥϫⲟⲥ ⲟⲛ","severity":"info","text":"The repeated formula ⲁϥϫⲟⲥ ⲟⲛ ('He also said') marks a series of sayings attributed to Abba Macarius. This structural pattern is typical of apophthegmata collections, where sayings are grouped by speaker.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲛⲓⲥⲛⲏⲟⲩ (-ⲓ︦ⲏ︦-)","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic text has a scribal insertion (-ⲓ︦ⲏ︦-) after ⲛⲓⲥⲛⲏⲟⲩ ('the brothers'), likely a nomen sacrum for 'Jesus' or a correction. The English draft omits this, but the reading is uncertain.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase ⲭⲛⲁⲛⲟϩⲉⲙ (you will be saved) in the first saying may be a scribal variant of ⲭⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲉⲙ; the sense is clear.","The identity of the 'old man' (ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ) in the opening is not specified; it may be Abba Macarius or another elder.","The phrase ⲉϯⲡⲉⲧⲣⲁ (even to the rock) is ambiguous: it may be a metaphor for an inanimate object or a place name."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":18,"ref":"p18","source":"ϩⲟϯ ⲉϣⲱⲡ ⲇⲉ ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲁⲛⲭⲟϩ ⲉϯⲙⲉⲑⲙⲏⲓ ⲕⲁⲛ ⲁⲩϣⲁⲛϧⲓⲥⲓ ⲛⲟⲩⲕⲟⲩϫⲓ\nⲁⲗⲗⲁ ϯⲥⲩⲛⲉⲓⲇⲏⲥⲓⲥ ⲛⲁⲁⲓⲧⲟⲩ ⲙⲃⲉⲗⲗⲉ ⲁⲛ ⲉⲡⲓⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲫ︦ϯ︦.\nⲁⲓⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ ϫⲉ ⲛⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲓⲧⲱⲟⲩ (-ⲓ︦ⲑ︦-) ⲙⲡⲉⲣⲛⲟⲩϫ ⲟⲩⲱⲣⲡ ⲛⲁⲃⲃⲁ\nⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲡⲓⲛⲓϣϯ ϧⲉⲛ ϣⲓⲏⲧ ⲛⲟⲩⲥⲟⲡ ⲉⲩϯ ϩⲟ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ⲉⲩϫⲱ ⲙⲙⲟⲥ ⲛⲁϥ\nϫⲉ ϩⲓⲛⲁ ⲛⲧⲉϥϣⲧⲉⲙ ⲡⲗⲁⲟⲥ ⲧⲏⲣϥ ⲓ ϣⲁⲣⲟⲕ ⲧⲉⲛⲉⲣⲁⲓⲟⲓⲛ ⲙⲙⲟⲕ ⲉⲓ\nϣⲁⲣⲟⲛ ϩⲟⲡⲱⲥ ⲛⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲩ ⲉⲣⲟⲕ ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕϣⲉ ⲛⲁⲕ ϩⲁ ⲡⲟ︦ⲥ︦. ⲉⲧⲁϥⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲉⲡⲓⲧⲱⲟⲩ ⲁϥⲑⲱⲟⲩϯ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ⲛϫⲉ ⲡⲓⲗⲁⲟⲥ ⲧⲏⲣϥ ⲛⲁⲩϯ ϩⲟ ⲇⲉ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ⲛϫⲉ ⲛⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟⲓ ϫⲉ ⲁϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲛⲛⲓⲥⲛⲏⲟⲩ. ⲛⲑⲟϥ ⲇⲉ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲣⲓⲙⲓ ⲛⲁϥϫⲱ ⲙⲙⲟⲥ\nϫⲉ ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲛⲣⲓⲙⲓ ⲉⲣⲟⲛ ⲛⲓⲥⲛⲏⲟⲩ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲙⲁⲣⲉ ⲛⲉⲛⲃⲁⲗ ⲓⲛⲓ ⲛϩⲁⲛ ⲉⲣⲙⲱⲟⲩⲓ\nⲉⲡⲉⲥⲏⲧ ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛϣⲉ ⲛⲁⲛ ⲉⲡⲓⲙⲁ ⲉⲧⲉ ⲛⲉⲛⲉⲣⲙⲱⲟⲩⲓ ⲛⲁⲣⲱϩ ⲙⲡⲉⲛⲥⲱⲙⲁ\nⲙⲙⲁⲩ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲣⲓⲙⲓ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲁⲩϩⲓⲧⲟⲩ ⲉϧⲣⲏⲓ ⲉϫⲉⲛ ⲡⲟⲩϩⲟ ⲉⲩϫⲱ\nⲙⲙⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲧⲱⲃϩ ⲉϫⲱⲛ ⲡⲉⲛⲓⲱⲧ.\nⲁⲓⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ ϫⲉ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲡⲓⲣⲉⲙ ⲛⲭⲏⲙⲓ ⲁϥⲓ ⲛⲟⲩⲥⲟⲡ ⲉϧⲟⲗϧⲉⲛ\nϣⲓⲏⲧ ⲉⲡⲧⲱⲟⲩ ⲙⲡⲉⲣⲛⲟⲩϫ ⲉϯⲡⲣⲟⲥⲫⲟⲣⲁ ⲛⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲡⲁⲙⲱ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲛⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟⲓ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲁϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲛⲛⲓⲥⲛⲏⲟϥ ⲱ ⲡⲉⲛⲓⲱⲧ. ⲛⲑⲟϥ ⲇⲉ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ϫⲉ\nⲙⲡⲁϯⲉⲣ ⲙⲟ‐ (-ⲕ-) ⲛⲁⲭⲟⲥ ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ⲁⲓⲛⲁⲩ ⲉⲙⲟⲛⲁⲭⲟⲥ. ⲉⲓϩⲉⲙⲥⲓ ⲅⲁⲣ\nⲛⲟⲩⲥⲟⲡ ϧⲉⲛ ϯⲣⲓ ϧⲉⲛ ϣⲓⲏⲧ ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲓⲙⲉⲩⲓ ⲛⲏⲓ ϫⲉ ⲙⲁϣⲉ ⲛⲁⲕ ⲉⲡϣⲁϥⲉ","english":"Beware, however, if you should fall short of the truth, even if you suffer a little. But the conscience will not blind them according to God. I heard that the elders of the mountain of Pernouj sent a message to Abba Macarius the Great in Scetis once, giving him honor, saying to him, \"So that the whole people may not come to you, we are making you come to us, so that we may see you before you go to the Lord.\" When he went up to the mountain, the whole people gathered to him. The elders gave him honor, saying, \"Speak a word to the brothers.\" But he wept and said, \"Let us weep for ourselves, brothers, and let our eyes bring forth tears down to the ground before we go to the place where our tears will reach our body there.\" And when they all wept, they bowed their heads down, saying, \"Pray for us, our father.\" I heard that Abba Macarius the Egyptian came once to Scetis to the mountain of Pernouj to offer the offering to Abba Pamo, and the elders said to him, \"Speak a word to the brothers, O our father.\" But he said, \"I have not yet become a monk, but I saw a monk. For I was sitting once in Scetis, and the thought said to me, 'Go to the desert.'","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲡⲗⲁⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic ⲡⲗⲁⲟⲥ (from Greek λαός) here denotes the entire community gathered, not the laity in a liturgical sense. The glossary entry for liturgical contexts is not directly applicable.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲃⲃⲁ","severity":"info","text":"The address ⲁⲃⲃⲁ (Abba) is retained in the Coptic for Macarius and Pamo, reflecting the standard monastic honorific. The glossary entry is followed.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲓⲧⲱⲟⲩ ⲙⲡⲉⲣⲛⲟⲩϫ","severity":"info","text":"The 'mountain of Pernouj' (ⲡⲉⲣⲛⲟⲩϫ) is a known monastic site in the Wadi el-Natrun (Scetis) region, associated with the Nitrian desert fathers. The narrative locates Macarius the Great there.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage is a narrative unit within the Macarius AP, framed by the first-person report 'I heard' (ⲁⲓⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ), which introduces two episodes: the elders summoning Macarius, and his visit to Abba Pamo.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲙⲡⲁϯⲉⲣ ⲙⲟ‐ (-ⲕ-)","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic ⲙⲡⲁϯⲉⲣ ⲙⲟ‐ (-ⲕ-) is corrupt; the lacuna likely represents ⲙⲟⲛⲁⲭⲟⲥ (monk). The English draft supplies 'become a monk', which is plausible but not certain from the surviving text.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"parallel","kind":"parallel","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"Macarius' weeping and call for tears echoes a common desert theme: the Apophthegmata Patrum often depict elders weeping over their spiritual state, as in the sayings of Abba Arsenius (e.g., Arsenius 11).","cites":[],"named_sources":["Apophthegmata Patrum"],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of 'the elders of the mountain of Pernouj' is not specified; they may be a distinct group from the elders of Scetis.","The phrase 'the whole people' (ⲡⲗⲁⲟⲥ ⲧⲏⲣϥ) could refer to the monastic community or a broader lay gathering; the context suggests monks.","The lacuna in ⲙⲡⲁϯⲉⲣ ⲙⲟ‐ (-ⲕ-) leaves the exact verb uncertain; the reading 'become a monk' is inferred."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲗⲁⲟⲥ","text":"ⲗⲁⲟⲥ → “people”. Greek λαός. In liturgical description it is the congregation as distinct from the clergy, i.e. the laity."},{"kind":"homonym","severity":"caution","term":"ⲗⲁⲟⲥ","text":"ⲗⲁⲟⲥ carries more than one sense (laity); this passage takes it as “people”. The choice is the translator's, not a lexical given."}]},{"i":19,"ref":"p19","source":"ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲣⲓ ⲉⲙⲓ ϫⲉ ⲉⲕⲛⲁⲩ ⲉⲟⲩ ⲙⲙⲁⲩ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲓⲟϩⲓ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲡⲁⲙⲉⲩⲓ ⲛⲉ̄\nⲛⲣⲟⲙⲡⲓ ⲉⲓϫⲱ ⲙⲙⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲙⲏⲡⲱⲥ ⲟⲩⲉⲃⲟⲗϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ ⲛⲓⲇⲁⲓⲙⲱⲛ ⲡⲉ ⲟⲩⲟϩ\nⲉⲧⲁ ⲡⲓⲙⲉⲩⲓ ⲟϩⲓ ⲙⲡⲉϥⲣⲏϯ ⲁⲓϣⲉ ⲛⲏⲓ ⲉϧⲟⲩⲛ ⲉⲡϣⲁϥⲉ ⲁⲓϫⲉⲙ ⲟⲩⲗⲓⲙⲛⲏ\nⲙⲙⲱⲟⲩ ⲙⲙⲁⲩ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲟⲩⲛⲏⲥⲟⲥ ϧⲉⲛ ⲧⲉⲥⲙⲏϯ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲩⲓ ⲛϫⲉ ⲛⲓⲧⲉⲃⲛⲱⲟⲩⲓ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲡϣⲁϥⲉ ⲉⲥⲱ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲙⲙⲟⲥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲓⲛⲁⲩ ⲉⲣⲱⲙⲓ ⲃ︦ ϧⲉⲛ ⲧⲟⲩⲙⲏϯ ⲉⲩⲃⲏϣ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁ ⲡⲁⲥⲱⲙⲁ ⲉⲣ ϩⲟϯ ⲛⲁⲓⲙⲉⲩⲓ ϩⲁⲛ ⲡⲛⲁ ⲛⲉ. ⲛⲑⲱⲟⲩ ⲇⲉ\nⲉⲧⲁⲩⲛⲁⲩ ⲉⲣⲟⲓ ⲉⲁⲓⲉⲣ ϩⲟϯ ⲁⲩⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲟⲩⲃⲏⲓ ⲉⲩϫⲱ ⲙⲙⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲙⲡⲉⲣⲉⲣ ϩⲟϯ\nⲁⲛⲟⲛ ϩⲱⲛ ⲁⲛⲟⲛ ϩⲁⲛ ⲣⲱⲙⲓ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲉϫⲏⲓ ⲛⲑⲱⲧⲉⲛ ⲛⲑⲱⲧⲉⲛ ϩⲁⲛ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ\nⲑⲱⲛ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲑⲃⲉ ⲟⲩ ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓ ⲉⲡⲁⲓϣⲁϥⲉ. ⲡⲉϫⲱⲟⲩ ϫⲉ ⲁⲛⲟⲛ ⲛⲁ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲁⲃⲏⲧ ⲁ ⲟⲩϯ ⲙⲁϯ ϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲁⲛⲓ ⲉⲡⲁⲓⲙⲁ ⲓⲥ ⲙ̄ ⲛⲣⲟⲙⲡⲓ. ⲡⲓⲟⲩⲁⲓ ⲙⲉⲛ\nⲛⲉ ⲟⲩⲣⲉⲙ ⲛⲭⲏⲙⲓ ⲡⲉ ⲡⲓⲭⲉⲧ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲉ ⲟⲩⲫⲁⲓⲁⲧ ⲡⲉ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲩϣⲉⲛⲧ ϩⲱ\nⲉⲩϫⲱ ⲙⲙⲟⲥ (-ⲕ︦ⲁ︦-) ϫⲉ ⲉⲣⲉ ⲡⲓⲕⲟⲥⲙⲟⲥ ⲛⲁϣ ⲛⲣⲏϯ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ϫⲉ ⲁⲛ ⲡⲓⲙⲱⲟⲩ\nⲛⲏⲟⲩ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲡⲉϥⲥⲏⲟⲩ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ϫⲉ ⲁⲛ ⲡϩⲉ ⲛⲟⲩϥⲓ ⲙⲡⲓⲕⲟⲥⲙⲟⲥ ϣⲟⲡ ⲛϧⲏⲧϥ.\nⲡⲉϫⲏⲓ ⲛⲱⲟⲩ ϫⲉ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓϩⲙⲟⲧ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲫ︦ϯ︦ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲛⲧⲱⲃϩ. ⲁⲓϣⲉⲛⲟⲩ ⲇⲉ ϫⲉ ⲡⲱⲥ ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ϣϫⲟⲙ ⲙⲙⲟⲓ ⲉⲉⲣ ⲙⲟⲛⲁⲭⲟⲥ. ⲡⲉϫⲱⲟⲩ ⲛⲏⲓ ϫⲉ\nⲉϣⲱⲡ ⲁⲣⲉϣⲧⲉⲙ ⲟⲩⲁⲓ ϫⲟⲗϥ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲛϩⲱⲃ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲁⲓⲕⲟⲥⲙⲟⲥ ⲙⲙⲟⲛ","english":"And know that you will see something there. And I struggled with my thought for twenty years, saying to myself, \"Perhaps it is from the demons.\" And when the thought ceased in its manner, I went into the desert and found a lake of water there, and an island in the middle. And the wild beasts of the desert came to drink from it, and I saw two men in the middle, naked. And my body was afraid of my thoughts, for they were spirits. But when they saw that I was afraid, they spoke to me, saying, \"Do not be afraid; we too are men.\" And I said to them, \"You are from where, and why have you come to this desert?\" They said, \"We are from Abit; a persecution took place, and we came to this place twenty years ago. One is an Egyptian, the other a Phaiat.\" And they also asked, saying, \"How is the world?\" and \"Does the water come at its proper time?\" and \"Is the manner of the world's harvest gathered in it?\" I said to them, \"By the grace of God and your prayers.\" And I asked, \"How is it possible for me to become a monk?\" They said to me, \"If you do not let anyone distract you from the things of this world, it is possible.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲙⲟⲛⲁⲭⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The term 'monk' is used here in the protagonist's question about becoming a monk, reflecting the standard Coptic borrowing from Greek.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"background","lemma":"ⲁⲃⲏⲧ","severity":"info","text":"Abit (or Abydos) was a town in Upper Egypt, known as a monastic center; the mention of a persecution likely refers to the Diocletianic persecution (early 4th century).","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"background","lemma":"ⲫⲁⲓⲁⲧ","severity":"info","text":"Phaiat likely designates an inhabitant of the Fayyum region; the pairing of an Egyptian and a Phaiat underscores the diverse origins of the desert monks.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage shifts from a first-person narrative of inner struggle to a dialogue with two anchorites, marking a transition from introspection to external encounter.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"parallel","kind":"parallel","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The motif of a lake and island in the desert, with wild beasts drinking, echoes the idealized desert landscape in early monastic literature, e.g., the Life of Antony.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic phrase 'ⲁⲓⲟϩⲓ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲡⲁⲙⲉⲩⲓ ⲛⲉ̄ ⲛⲣⲟⲙⲡⲓ' is ambiguous: it could mean 'I struggled with my thought for twenty years' or 'I struggled with my thoughts for twenty years'; the singular 'thought' is adopted here.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase 'ⲁⲓⲟϩⲓ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲡⲁⲙⲉⲩⲓ ⲛⲉ̄ ⲛⲣⲟⲙⲡⲓ' may be read as 'I struggled with my thought for twenty years' (singular) or 'with my thoughts' (plural); the singular is followed in the translation.","The identity of 'ⲡⲓⲭⲉⲧ' (the other) is unclear; it likely refers to the second man, but the text does not specify which is Egyptian and which is Phaiat."],"confidence":"high","notes":[{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲙⲟⲛⲁⲭⲟⲥ","text":"ⲙⲟⲛⲁⲭⲟⲥ → “monk”. Standard rendering; first occurrence is noted here, the term recurs below."}]},{"i":20,"ref":"p20","source":"ϣϫⲟⲙ ⲙⲙⲟϥ ⲉⲉⲣ ⲙⲟⲛⲁⲭⲟⲥ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲉϫⲏⲓ ⲛⲱⲟⲩ ϫⲉ ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲟⲩϫⲱⲃ\nⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲙⲙⲟⲛ ϣϫⲟⲙ ⲙⲙⲟⲓ ⲉⲉⲣ ⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲣⲏϯ. ⲛⲑⲱⲟⲩ ⲇⲉ ⲡⲉϫⲱⲟⲩ ⲛⲏⲓ\nϫⲉ ⲓⲥϫⲉ ⲙⲙⲟⲛ ϣϫⲟⲙ ⲙⲙⲟⲕ ⲉⲉⲣ ⲡⲉⲛⲣⲏϯ ϩⲉⲙⲥⲓ ϧⲉⲛ ⲧⲉⲕⲣⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲣⲓⲙⲓ\nⲉⲛⲉⲕⲛⲟⲃⲓ. ⲁⲓϣⲉⲛⲟⲩ ⲇⲉ ϫⲉ ⲉϣⲱⲡ ⲁⲣⲉϣⲁⲛ ϯⲫⲣⲱ ϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲟⲣϣ\nⲁⲛ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉϣⲱⲡ ⲁⲣⲉϣⲁⲛ ϯⲕⲁⲩⲙⲁ ϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲱⲙⲁ ⲣⲟⲕϩ ⲁⲛ. ⲛⲑⲱⲟⲩ\nⲇⲉ ⲡⲉϫⲱⲟⲩ ⲛⲏⲓ ϫⲉ ⲫ︦ϯ︦ ⲁϥⲉⲣⲟⲓⲕⲟⲛⲟⲙⲉⲓⲛ ⲟⲩⲇⲉ ϯⲫⲣⲱ ⲧⲉⲛϩⲟⲣϣ ⲁⲛ\nⲟⲩⲇⲉ ⲡⲓϣⲱⲙ ⲧⲉⲛⲣⲟⲕϩ ⲁⲛ. ⲉⲑⲃⲉ ⲫⲁⲓ ⲁⲓϫⲟⲥ ⲛⲱⲧⲉⲛ ϫⲉ ⲙⲡⲁϯⲉⲣ ⲙⲟⲛⲁⲭⲟⲥ ϣⲁ ϯⲛⲟⲩ ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ⲁⲓⲛⲁⲩ ⲉⲙⲟⲛⲁⲭⲟⲥ ⲭⲱ ⲛⲏⲓ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲛⲓⲥⲛⲏⲟⲩ.\n(-ⲕ︦ⲃ︦-) ⲁⲩϫⲟⲥ ⲉⲑⲃⲉ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲡⲓⲛⲓϣϯ ϫⲉ ⲁϥϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲛⲛⲟⲩϯ\nϩⲓϫⲉⲛ ⲡⲕⲁϩⲓ ⲙⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲉⲧⲥϧⲏⲟⲩⲧ ϫⲉ ⲙⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲉⲧⲉ ⲫ︦ϯ︦ ϩⲱⲃⲥ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲉϫⲉⲛ\nⲡⲓⲕⲟⲥⲙⲟⲥ ⲡⲁⲓⲣⲏϯ ⲁϥϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲛϫⲉ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲉϥϩⲱⲃⲥ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲉϫⲉⲛ\nⲛⲓϭⲣⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲉϥⲛⲁⲩ ⲉⲣⲱⲟⲩ ⲙⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲉⲧⲉϥⲛⲁⲩ ⲉⲣⲱⲟⲩ ⲁⲛ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲛⲏ ⲉⲧⲉϥⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ ⲉⲣⲱⲟⲩ ⲙⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲉⲧⲉϥⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ ⲉⲣⲱⲟⲩ ⲁⲛ.\nϩⲁⲛ ϧⲉⲗⲗⲟⲓ ⲁⲩϣⲉⲛ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲉⲩϫⲱ ⲙⲙⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲥϣⲉ ⲛⲧⲱⲃϩ\nⲛⲁϣ ⲛⲣⲏϯ. ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲛⲱⲟⲩ ϫⲉ ⲥϣⲉ ⲁⲛ ⲉϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲙⲏϣ ⲛⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲁⲗⲗⲁ\nⲉϭⲱⲗⲕ ⲛⲛⲉⲕϫⲓϫ ⲉⲡϣⲱⲓ ⲉⲫ︦ϯ︦ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉϫⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲡⲟ︦ⲥ︦ ⲙⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲉⲧⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱϣ\nⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲉϩⲛⲁⲕ ϭⲓ ⲙⲱⲓⲧ ⲛⲏⲓ. ⲉϣⲱⲡ ⲇⲉ ⲟⲩⲑⲗⲓⲯⲓⲥ ⲧⲉ ⲉⲕⲉϫⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲡⲟⲥ","english":"He was not able to become a monk. And I said to them, \"I am a worthless thing; I am not able to do as you do.\" But they said to me, \"If you are not able to do as we do, sit in your cell and weep for your sins.\" I asked them, however, \"If thirst comes, you are not troubled, and if heat comes, your bodies are not burned.\" But they said to me, \"God has arranged it, and thirst does not trouble us, nor does the sun burn us.\" Because of this, I said to you, \"I did not become a monk until now, but I saw monks who left me behind, the brothers.\" (22) It was said about Abba Macarius the Great that he became like a god upon the earth, in the manner that is written: just as God covers the world, in that way Abba Macarius became, covering the sins that he saw, as if he did not see them, and those he heard, as if he did not hear them. Some elders asked Abba Macarius, saying, \"How should one pray?\" The elder said to them, \"It is not fitting to use many words, but to stretch your hands up to God and say, 'Lord, as you wish and as it pleases you, show me the way.' If it is a tribulation, you should say, 'Lord,'","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲙⲟⲛⲁⲭⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic term ⲙⲟⲛⲁⲭⲟⲥ is rendered as 'monk' per the pinned glossary. The speaker's repeated inability to become a monk frames the narrative's ascetic ideal.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲃⲃⲁ","severity":"info","text":"The Greek/Syriac address ⲁⲃⲃⲁ is kept as 'Abba' in the translation, following the pinned glossary. It is used here for Macarius the Great, marking his authority.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲫ︦ϯ︦ ⲁϥⲉⲣⲟⲓⲕⲟⲛⲟⲙⲉⲓⲛ","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'God has arranged it' (ⲫ︦ϯ︦ ⲁϥⲉⲣⲟⲓⲕⲟⲛⲟⲙⲉⲓⲛ) echoes the biblical concept of divine oikonomia (providential arrangement), common in ascetic literature to explain the supernatural endurance of desert monks.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲡⲓⲛⲓϣϯ","severity":"info","text":"Abba Macarius the Great (c. 300–391 CE) is a foundational figure of Egyptian monasticism. The comparison of his covering of sins to God covering the world reflects the apophthegmata tradition's ideal of non-judgmental charity.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"(-ⲕ︦ⲃ︦-)","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic text includes a marginal numeral (-ⲕ︦ⲃ︦- = 22), indicating a section or saying number. This suggests the passage is part of a numbered collection of sayings, typical of the Apophthegmata Patrum tradition.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲟⲩϫⲱⲃ","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲟⲩϫⲱⲃ is rendered 'I am a worthless thing,' but ϫⲱⲃ can also mean 'work' or 'thing.' The sense of self-deprecation is clear, but the exact nuance is ambiguous.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲟⲩϫⲱⲃ could be read as 'I am a worthless thing' or 'I am a work' (i.e., a creature); the self-deprecating sense is preferred.","The marginal numeral (-ⲕ︦ⲃ︦-) is taken as a section number (22), but its exact function in the manuscript is uncertain."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":21,"ref":"p21","source":"ⲁⲣⲓ ⲃⲟⲏⲑⲉⲓⲛ ⲉⲣⲟⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲑⲟϥ ⲉⲧⲥⲱⲟⲩⲛ ⲛϯⲛⲟϥⲣⲓ ϥⲛⲁⲉⲣ ⲡⲓⲛⲁⲓ ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲛ\nⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲛⲉϥⲙⲉⲧϣⲁⲛ ϩⲑⲏϥ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲧⲉϥⲙⲉⲧⲙⲁⲓ ⲣⲱⲙⲓ.\nⲁϥϫⲟⲥ ⲛϫⲉ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ϭⲓϭⲱⲓ ⲉⲑⲃⲉ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲁ ⲟⲩⲥⲟⲛ ϩⲓ\nⲟⲩⲕⲟⲧ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ⲛⲟⲩⲥⲟⲡ ⲁϥⲛⲁⲩ ⲉϯϫⲟⲙ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲫ︦ϯ︦ ⲉⲥⲙⲟϣⲓ ⲛⲉⲙⲁϥ. ⲡⲉϫⲉ\nⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲛϧⲣⲏⲓ ⲛϧⲏⲧϥ (-ⲕ︦ⲅ︦-) ϫⲉ ⲱ ⲡⲓⲣⲓⲙⲓ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲓⲣⲱⲙⲓ ⲉⲛⲓⲛⲟⲃⲓ ϫⲉ\nϥⲓⲛⲓ ⲙⲙⲟϥ ⲉϫⲉⲛ ϩⲁⲛ ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲏ ⲛⲁϣ ⲙⲙⲁⲓⲏ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲙⲡⲓⲥⲟⲛ ϩⲱϥ\nϫⲉ ⲛⲁϩϯ ⲉⲣⲟⲓ ϫⲉ ⲉⲛⲁⲕⲉⲙⲓ ⲉⲡⲉⲑⲛⲉⲙⲁⲕ ⲛⲁⲕⲛⲁⲉⲣ ϩⲟϯ ⲁⲛ ⲡⲉ ϧⲁ ⲧϩⲏ\nⲛϩⲗⲓ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲓⲕⲟⲥⲙⲟⲥ.\nⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲡⲁⲙⲱ ⲉⲩⲙⲟϣⲓ ϩⲓ ⲡⲓⲧⲱⲟⲩ ⲛⲟⲩⲥⲟⲡ ⲁ\nⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲡⲁⲙⲱ ⲁⲙⲟⲛⲓ ⲛⲛⲉⲛϫⲓϫ ⲛⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲁϥϯ ⲫⲓ ⲉⲣⲱⲟⲩ ⲉϥϫⲱ\nⲙⲙⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲟⲩϫⲟⲙ ⲛⲁⲓ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲁⲓⲕⲟⲩϫⲓ ⲛϫⲓϫ. ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲁⲛⲓⲧⲕ ⲉϫⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲭⲁ ⲣⲱϥ ⲡⲁⲥⲟⲛ ⲡⲁⲙⲱ ⲙⲙⲟⲛ ⲁ ⲡⲉⲕⲥⲁϫⲓ ϣⲱⲡⲓ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲉⲣ ϣⲓϣⲓ.\nⲁⲩϫⲟⲥ ⲉⲑⲃⲉ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲡⲓⲛⲓϣϯ ϫⲉ ⲁϥϣⲱⲡⲓ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲁⲃⲏⲧ\nⲛⲟⲩⲥⲟⲡ ⲉϣⲱⲡ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲛⲓⲥⲛⲏⲟⲩ ϯ ⲛⲟⲩⲑⲟⲙ ⲉϧⲟⲩⲛ ⲙⲙⲏⲛⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲑⲟϥ ϩⲱϥ","english":"Help me, and he who knows how to do good will do this for us according to his compassion and his love of humanity. Abba Cichoi said concerning Abba Macarius, \"A brother once came to him and saw the power of God walking with him.\" The old man said within himself, \"O the weeping of a man over his sins, that it might bring him to great virtues.\" And he said to the brother as well, \"Believe me, that if you find what is with you, you will not be afraid at the end of anything in the world.\" Abba Macarius and Abba Pamo were walking on the mountain once. Abba Pamo took the hands of Abba Macarius and kissed them, saying, \"There is power for me from these small hands.\" Abba Macarius said to him, \"Come to a quiet place, my brother Pamo; your word has not come in vain.\" It was said concerning Abba Macarius the Great that he dwelt in a desert once, and the brothers would give a loaf of bread within the monastery, and he himself","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ϭⲓϭⲱⲓ","severity":"info","text":"Abba Cichoi is a desert father known from the Apophthegmata Patrum; his name is a Coptic form of the Greek name Cichos.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲡⲁⲙⲱ","severity":"info","text":"Abba Pamo is a monastic figure associated with Abba Macarius; the name is a Coptic variant of Pamo or Pamo.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The passage shifts from a first-person plea to a third-person saying about Abba Macarius, then to a narrative about Macarius and Pamo, and finally to a general report about Macarius the Great.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲓⲣⲓⲙⲓ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲓⲣⲱⲙⲓ ⲉⲛⲓⲛⲟⲃⲓ","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase 'the weeping of a man over his sins' is ambiguous: it may be a direct quotation of the old man's thought or a narrative comment; the Coptic punctuation is unclear.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲡⲓⲛⲓϣϯ","severity":"info","text":"The epithet 'the Great' for Abba Macarius is a later hagiographic addition, distinguishing him from other Macarii in the Sayings tradition.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of the speaker in the opening plea is unclear; it may be the narrator or a character from the previous passage.","The phrase 'ⲡⲓⲣⲓⲙⲓ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲓⲣⲱⲙⲓ ⲉⲛⲓⲛⲟⲃⲓ' could be read as a direct thought or as a narrative aside.","The final sentence is cut off in the Coptic; the English draft supplies a completion that is not in the source text."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":22,"ref":"p22","source":"ⲉϧⲟⲩⲛ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲅ̄ ⲛⲉϩⲟⲟϥ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁ ⲛⲓⲥⲛⲏⲟⲩ ⲛⲁⲩ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ⲁⲩϫⲟⲥ ⲙⲡⲓⲡⲁⲡⲁ ϫⲉ ⲉⲃⲏⲗ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲁⲓⲥⲟⲛ ⲛϣⲉⲙⲙⲟ ϯ ⲙⲡⲉϥⲑⲟⲙ ⲉϧⲟⲩⲛ ⲙⲙⲏⲛⲓ ⲙⲙⲟⲛ\nⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲭⲁϥ ⲉϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲛ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁ ⲡⲓⲡⲁⲡⲁ ϩⲱⲗ ⲉⲧⲉϥⲣⲓ ⲉϥⲟⲩⲱϣ\nⲉϫⲟⲥ ⲛⲁϥ ⲁϥⲟϩⲓ ⲉⲣⲁⲧϥ ⲥⲁⲃⲟⲗ ⲛⲧⲉϥⲣⲓ (-ⲕ︦ⲇ︦-) ⲁϥⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ\nϣⲉ ⲛϭⲟⲡ ⲉϣⲁϥⲧⲏⲓⲥ ϣⲁϥⲟϩⲓ ⲉⲣⲁⲧϥ ⲛⲧⲉϥϣⲗⲏⲗ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲧⲉϥϯ ⲛⲅ̄ϯ\nⲙⲙⲉⲧⲁⲛⲟⲓⲁ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲥⲁⲧⲟⲧϥ ⲁ ⲡⲓⲡⲁⲡⲁ ⲧⲁⲥⲑⲟ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲉϥϫⲱ ⲙⲙⲟⲥ ϫⲉ\nⲁⲛⲓⲟⲩⲓ ⲛⲟⲩⲑⲟⲙ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲛⲏⲓ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲉⲛϥ ⲁϥⲟⲗϥ\nⲁϥⲃⲉⲣⲃⲱⲣϥ ⲉϧⲣⲏⲓ ⲉⲡⲓϭⲣⲱⲡ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲓⲁⲙⲣⲉ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲙⲉⲛⲉⲛⲥⲁ ⲟⲩⲛⲓϣϯ ⲛⲛⲁⲩ\nⲉⲩⲑⲱⲕ ⲉⲡⲓϭⲣⲱⲡ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁϥⲟϩⲓ ⲉⲣⲁⲧϥ ϫⲉ ⲛⲧⲉϥϥⲟⲧ ⲡⲓϭⲣⲱⲡ ⲁϥⲛⲁⲩ\nⲉⲡⲓⲑⲟⲙ ϫⲉ ⲙⲡⲉ ϩⲗⲓ ⲛⲧⲁϥⲣⲱϩ ⲉϥⲭⲏ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲭⲣⲱⲙ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲉϫⲉ\nⲡⲓⲡⲁⲡⲁ ⲛⲛⲓⲥⲛⲏⲟⲩ ϫⲉ ⲡⲓϩⲱⲃ ⲛϫⲓϫ ⲁϭⲛⲉ ⲡⲣⲁⲝⲓⲥ ϩⲗⲓ ⲡⲉ.\nⲁⲩϫⲟⲥ ⲉⲑⲃⲉ ⲟⲩⲥⲟⲛ ϫⲉ ⲁϥϩⲉⲓ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲡⲉⲓⲣⲁⲥⲙⲟⲥ ⲛⲟⲩⲥⲟⲡ ϧⲉⲛ ϣⲓⲏⲧ\nⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁϥϣⲉ ⲛⲁϥ ⲁϥⲧⲁⲙⲉ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲡⲓⲣⲉⲙ ⲣⲁⲕⲟϯ ⲉⲡⲓⲡⲉⲓⲣⲁⲥⲙⲟⲥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁ ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ϭⲟⲗⲕϥ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲥⲛⲁⲩϩ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲟⲩⲁⲥⲕⲏⲥⲓⲥ ϫⲉ\nⲛⲧⲉϥⲉⲣⲙⲉⲧⲁⲛⲟⲉⲓⲛ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲧⲉϥϣⲧⲉⲙⲁⲟⲩⲱⲛ ⲙⲡⲉϥⲣⲟ ϣⲁ ⲟⲩⲥⲏⲟⲩ ⲉⲧⲁϥϣⲉ ⲛⲁϥ ⲟⲩⲛ ⲛϫⲉ ⲡⲓⲥⲟⲛ ⲁϥϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲉϥϣⲑⲉⲣⲧⲱⲣ ⲉⲑⲃⲉ ⲡⲓⲡⲉⲓⲣⲁⲥⲙⲟⲥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ","english":"inside according to the days. And when the brothers saw him, they said to the Apa, \"Apart from this stranger brother, I do not bring his strength inside daily, we will not leave him to be with us.\" And when the Apa himself went to his cell, wishing to speak to him, he stood outside his cell (—24—) and listened to him according to the custom of a hundred times, as he would stand for his prayer and give the threefold repentance. And afterward, the Apa sent out, saying, \"Bring me a strength of Abba Macarius.\" And when they brought it to him, he opened it, he scattered it down into the jar of wine, and after a great while, a smoke went up to the jar, and he stood up to draw the jar, and he saw the strength, that nothing had touched it, it was lying in the fire. And the Apa said to the brothers, \"The handiwork is nothing but practice.\" They said concerning a brother that he fell into a temptation once in Scetis, and he went to Abba Macarius the Roman, and told him about the temptation. And the old man wrapped him in a cloth of an ascetic practice, that he might repent and not open his mouth until a time when the brother would go to him, being troubled about the temptation, and","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ϣⲗⲏⲗ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic ϣⲗⲏⲗ (pray) is rendered as 'prayer' in the draft, consistent with the pinned glossary term.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲅ̄ϯ ⲙⲙⲉⲧⲁⲛⲟⲓⲁ","severity":"info","text":"The phrase ⲅ̄ϯ ⲙⲙⲉⲧⲁⲛⲟⲓⲁ (threefold repentance) likely refers to a structured penitential prayer or prostration, a known ascetic practice in Coptic monasticism.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The passage shifts from a narrative about the Apa testing Macarius's 'strength' (a relic or amulet) to a separate anecdote about a brother's temptation and Macarius's response, marked by ⲁⲩϫⲟⲥ (they said).","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲓⲣⲉⲙ ⲣⲁⲕⲟϯ","severity":"info","text":"The epithet 'the Roman' (ⲡⲓⲣⲉⲙ ⲣⲁⲕⲟϯ) distinguishes Macarius of Alexandria (also called Macarius the Roman) from Macarius the Great of Scetis, a common distinction in Coptic hagiography.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲑⲟⲙ","severity":"caution","text":"The word ⲑⲟⲙ (strength) is ambiguous: it may refer to a physical object (a relic, amulet, or scroll) or metaphorically to spiritual power. The narrative treats it as a tangible item that can be brought, opened, and scattered.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The motif of a relic surviving fire (the 'strength' lying in the jar of wine and later in fire) echoes later Coptic miracle stories, where objects associated with holy figures remain unharmed by flames.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of 'the Apa' is not specified; it may refer to Abba Cichoi or another elder.","The 'strength' (ⲑⲟⲙ) could be a physical object or a spiritual power; the text treats it as tangible.","The transition to the brother's temptation story is abrupt; the connection to the preceding narrative is unclear."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":23,"ref":"p23","source":"ⲉϥⲉⲣⲕⲓⲛ (-ⲕ︦ⲉ︦-) ⲇⲩⲛⲉⲩⲉⲓⲛ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛϥϣϫⲱⲕ ϯⲉⲛⲧⲟⲗⲏ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲁⲛ ⲛⲧⲉ\nⲡⲓⲥⲛⲁϩ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁϥϩⲟϫϩⲉϫ ϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲡⲟⲗⲉⲙⲟⲥ\nⲃ︦ ⲁϥⲧⲱⲛϥ ⲁϥϩⲱⲗ ⲉⲡⲙⲁ ⲙⲡⲓⲕⲉⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲡⲓⲣⲉⲙ ⲛⲭⲏⲙⲓ ⲁϥⲧⲁⲙⲟϥ ⲉⲑⲃⲉ ⲡⲓⲡⲁⲣⲁⲡⲧⲱⲙⲁ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲣⲁⲟⲩⲱ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲉⲑⲃⲉ ⲡⲓⲥⲛⲁϩ ⲛⲧⲉ\nⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲡⲓⲣⲉⲙ ⲣⲁⲕⲟϯ ⲛϥϣϫⲱⲕ ⲙⲙⲟϥ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲁⲛ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁ\nⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲑⲉⲧ ⲡⲉϥϩⲏⲧ ⲁϥϯ ⲛⲟⲙϯ ⲛⲁϥ ⲛϩⲁⲛ ⲙⲏϣ ⲉϥϫⲱ ⲙⲙⲟⲥ ϫⲉ\nϩⲱⲗ ⲡⲁϣⲏⲣⲓ ⲫⲏ ⲉⲧⲉ ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ϣϫⲟⲙ ⲙⲙⲟⲕ ⲁⲣⲓⲧϥ ⲙⲟⲣⲕ ⲉϣⲧⲉⲙⲉⲣ ⲡⲓⲛⲟⲃⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲙⲁⲩ ϣⲁ ⲉⲛⲉϩ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲑⲁⲓ ⲧⲉ ⲧⲉϥⲙⲉⲧⲁⲛⲟⲓⲁ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲉϫⲉ\nⲡⲓⲥⲟⲛ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲉⲓⲛⲁⲣ ⲟⲩ ϫⲉ ϯϣⲑⲉⲣⲑⲱⲣ ⲉⲑⲃⲉ ⲡⲓⲥⲛⲁⲩϩ ⲛⲧⲉ ϯⲉⲛⲧⲟⲗⲏ\nⲛⲧⲉ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ. ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲉⲣⲉ ⲡⲓⲥⲛⲁⲩϩ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲧⲁⲓⲉⲛⲧⲟⲗⲏ ϭⲓ ⲉⲣⲟⲕ ⲁⲛ ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ⲁⲥϭⲏⲟⲩ ⲉⲁⲡⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ. ⲉⲧⲁϥⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ ⲇⲉ\nⲛϫⲉ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲡⲓⲣⲉⲙ ⲣⲁⲕⲟϯ ϫⲉ ⲁ ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ϫⲟⲥ ⲙⲡⲓⲥⲟⲛ ϫⲉ\nⲁⲣⲉ ⲡⲓⲥⲛⲁϩ ϭⲏⲟⲩ ⲉⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲁϥⲧⲱⲛϥ ⲁϥⲫⲱⲧ ⲉϧⲟⲩⲛ ⲉⲡⲓϩⲉⲗⲟⲥ ⲉⲁϥⲥⲉⲙⲛⲏⲧⲥ ⲉⲟϩⲓ ⲙⲙⲁϥ (-ⲕ︦ⲋ︦-) ⲉⲣⲁⲡⲁⲛⲧⲁⲛ ⲉⲣⲱⲙⲓ ϣⲁⲧⲉϥϫⲉⲕ ϯⲉⲛⲧⲟⲗⲏ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲡⲓⲥⲛⲁϩ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲓⲥⲏⲟⲩ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲧⲏⲓϥ ⲉⲧⲟⲧϥ","english":"He would move his limbs, and he would not complete the commandment of the elder Apa Macarius. And after he was troubled by the battle, he arose and went to the place of the other Apa Macarius the Roman, and informed him about the transgression he had committed, and about the elder Apa Macarius the Roman not completing it. And the old man was moved in his heart, and gave him many counsels, saying, \"Go, my son, he who has power over you, do it, bind yourself so that you do not do the sin again, and this is his repentance forever.\" And the brother said to him, \"What shall I do, for I am troubled about the elder of the commandment of Apa Macarius?\" The old man said to him, \"The elder of this commandment does not concern you, but it has fallen upon Apa Macarius.\" When Apa Macarius the Roman heard that the old man had said to the brother that the elder had fallen upon Apa Macarius, he arose and fled into the desert, having prepared himself to meet a man until he should complete the commandment according to the elder of the time he had set for himself.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲓⲣⲉⲙ ⲛⲭⲏⲙⲓ / ⲡⲓⲣⲉⲙ ⲣⲁⲕⲟϯ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic distinguishes two figures named Macarius: ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲡⲓⲣⲉⲙ ⲛⲭⲏⲙⲓ (Macarius the Egyptian) and ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲡⲓⲣⲉⲙ ⲣⲁⲕⲟϯ (Macarius the Roman, i.e., of Alexandria). The English draft conflates them as 'Apa Macarius the Roman' for the second, but the first is distinct.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲓⲥⲛⲁϩ","severity":"info","text":"ⲡⲓⲥⲛⲁϩ (literally 'the elder') is used here as a title for the senior monk who gave the commandment (ⲉⲛⲧⲟⲗⲏ). The English draft renders it as 'the elder' but the Coptic repeats it as a fixed term of authority.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲓⲡⲁⲣⲁⲡⲧⲱⲙⲁ","severity":"info","text":"ⲡⲁⲣⲁⲡⲧⲱⲙⲁ (from Greek παράπτωμα) means 'transgression' or 'fault'. In monastic literature it often refers to a breach of the ascetic rule or a moral lapse, here confessed by the brother to the old man.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage forms a narrative climax: the brother's confession leads to a transfer of the commandment's burden from the brother to Apa Macarius, who then flees into the desert. The repetition of 'the elder of the commandment' (ⲡⲓⲥⲛⲁϩ ⲛⲧⲉ ϯⲉⲛⲧⲟⲗⲏ) ties the episode together.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁϥⲫⲱⲧ ⲉϧⲟⲩⲛ ⲉⲡⲓϩⲉⲗⲟⲥ","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic ⲡⲓϩⲉⲗⲟⲥ (from Greek ἔρημος) means 'desert' or 'hermitage'. The English draft says 'fled into the desert', but the Coptic ⲉϧⲟⲩⲛ ⲉⲡⲓϩⲉⲗⲟⲥ could also mean 'into the hermitage' (a specific cell or retreat). The ambiguity is unresolved.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of the two Macarii: the Coptic distinguishes 'Macarius the Egyptian' and 'Macarius the Roman' (Alexandrian), but the English draft conflates the second as 'Apa Macarius the Roman' and the first as 'Apa Macarius' without clear differentiation.","The phrase ⲉϧⲟⲩⲛ ⲉⲡⲓϩⲉⲗⲟⲥ may mean 'into the desert' or 'into the hermitage'; the text does not specify which.","The clause ⲉⲁϥⲥⲉⲙⲛⲏⲧⲥ ⲉⲟϩⲓ ⲙⲙⲁϥ is obscure; the English draft renders it as 'having prepared himself to meet a man', but the Coptic may imply a vow or a self-imposed penance."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":24,"ref":"p24","source":"ⲙⲡⲓⲥⲟⲛ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁϥϩⲉⲙⲥⲓ ⲛⲟⲩⲙⲏϣ ⲛⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓϩⲉⲗⲟⲥ ϣⲁⲧⲉ ⲡⲉϥⲥⲱⲙⲁ\nϣⲁϥⲓ ⲛⲧⲉⲛ ⲛⲓϣⲟⲗⲙⲉⲥ. ⲁϥⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ ⲇⲉ ϩⲱϥ ⲛϫⲉ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲡⲓⲣⲉⲙ ⲛⲭⲏⲙⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲁ ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲫⲱⲧ ⲉⲡⲓϩⲉⲗⲟⲥ ⲉⲑⲃⲉ ⲡⲓⲥⲁϫⲓ. ⲁϥⲧⲱⲛϥ ⲛϫⲉ\nⲡⲓⲭⲉⲧ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲓ ⲉⲡⲓϩⲉⲗⲟⲥ ⲉϥⲕⲱϯ ⲛⲥⲱϥ ϣⲁⲧⲉϥϫⲉⲙϥ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲛⲁⲩ ⲇⲉ ⲉⲣⲟϥ\nⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲡⲓⲕⲁⲗⲟⲅⲉⲣⲱⲥ ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲙⲉⲛ ⲁⲓϫⲉ ⲡⲓⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲉⲑⲃⲉ ⲟⲩⲙⲉⲧⲣⲉϥϯ ⲛⲟⲙϯ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲓⲥⲟⲛ ⲛⲑⲟⲕ ⲇⲉ ⲉⲧⲁⲕⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ ⲙⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲛⲟⲩⲡⲁⲣⲑⲉⲛⲟⲥ\nⲉⲑⲛⲁⲛⲉⲥ ⲁⲕⲫⲱⲧ ⲉϧⲟⲩⲛ ⲉⲡⲓⲕⲟⲓⲧⲱⲛ ⲉⲧⲥⲁϧⲟⲩⲛ. ⲧⲱⲛⲕ ⲟⲩⲛ ⲡⲁⲓⲱⲧ ⲛⲧⲉⲕⲧⲁⲥⲑⲟⲕ ⲉⲧⲉⲕⲣⲓ. ⲛⲑⲟϥ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲁϥϫⲱ ⲙⲙⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲭⲱ ⲛⲏⲓ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲡⲓⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲓ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϧⲉⲛ ⲣⲱⲕ ϫⲉ ⲉⲣⲉ ⲡⲓⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲫⲉϩ ⲉⲣⲟⲓ ⲉⲃⲏⲗ ⲛⲧⲁϫⲱⲕ ⲛⲧⲏⲡⲓ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲓⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲓⲥⲛⲁϩ ⲉⲧⲁⲓⲧⲏⲓϥ ⲙⲡⲓⲥⲟⲛ ⲛϯⲛⲁⲓ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲁⲛ.\nⲉⲧⲁϥⲛⲁⲩ ⲇⲉ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ⲉϥϩⲩⲡⲟⲙⲉⲛⲉⲓⲛ (sic) ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲧⲁϫⲣⲟ ⲁϥⲑⲉⲧ ⲡⲉϥϩⲏⲧ\nϫⲉ ⲡⲁⲓⲣⲏϯ ⲁⲛ ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ⲧⲱⲛⲕ ⲁⲙⲟⲩ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲛⲉⲙⲏⲓ (-ⲕ︦ⲍ︦-) ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲛⲟⲕ\nⲉⲑⲛⲁⲧⲁⲙⲟⲕ ⲉⲡⲉⲧⲥϣⲉ ⲛⲧⲉⲕⲁⲓϥ. ⲉⲧⲁ ⲡⲉϥϩⲏⲧ ⲇⲉ ⲑⲱⲧ ⲙⲡⲁⲓⲣⲏϯ ⲁϥⲧⲱⲛϥ ⲁϥⲓ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲛⲉⲙⲁϥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁϥⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲛⲉⲙⲁϥ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲧⲉϥⲕⲁϩⲥ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ\nⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ϩⲱⲗ ⲁⲣⲓ ⲧⲁⲓⲣⲟⲙⲡⲓ ⲉⲕⲟⲩⲱⲙ ⲛⲟⲩⲥⲟⲡ ⲛϯⲉⲃⲇⲟⲙⲁⲥ. ⲛⲉ ⲟⲩⲥⲛⲁϩ ⲇⲉ ⲁⲛ ⲡⲉ ⲫⲁⲓ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲧⲏⲓϥ ⲉⲧⲟⲧϥ ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ⲓⲥϫⲉⲛ ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉ ⲡⲓⲥⲁϫⲓ ϣⲱⲡⲓ","english":"of the brother, and he sat for many days in the cell until his body would take on the forms of the limbs. And Apa Macarius the Egyptian also heard, and the old man fled to the cell because of the matter. The younger one who had gone to the cell arose, seeking him until he found him. And when he saw him, he said to him, \"O Kalogeros, I indeed spoke the word concerning a gift of strength for the brother, but you, when you heard, like a beautiful virgin, you fled inward to the inner cell. Arise, then, my father, that I may set you in your place.\" But he said to him, \"Forgive me, according to the word that came from your mouth, that the word would be fulfilled for me, apart from my completing the fast of the day from the oil that I gave to the brother. I will not forgive.\" And when he saw him persevering in steadfastness, he set his heart that it was not thus, but \"Arise, come out with me, and I will show you what is fitting for you to do.\" And when his heart was moved in this way, he arose and came out with him, and he spoke with him according to his custom. He said to him, \"Well, do this one thing: eat once in the week. This is not the oil that was given to him, but before the word takes place.","structure":"dialogue","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲥⲱⲙⲁ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic ⲥⲱⲙⲁ (body) here refers to the ascetic body as the site of struggle, consistent with the pinned glossary definition for ascetic literature.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲃⲃⲁ","severity":"info","text":"The Greek/Syriac form ⲁⲃⲃⲁ (Abba) is retained in the Coptic as a title of respect for Apa Macarius the Egyptian.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲓⲕⲁⲗⲟⲅⲉⲣⲱⲥ","severity":"info","text":"ⲡⲓⲕⲁⲗⲟⲅⲉⲣⲱⲥ (kalogeros) is a Greek loanword meaning 'good old man' or 'monk', used here as an address by the younger monk to the elder.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲁⲣⲑⲉⲛⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"ⲡⲁⲣⲑⲉⲛⲟⲥ (parthenos) is a Greek loanword meaning 'virgin', used in a simile comparing the elder's flight to that of a beautiful virgin, emphasizing purity and withdrawal.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage is a dialogue between two monks, with direct speech marked by ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲁϥ (he said to him). The exchange involves a request for forgiveness and a condition for absolution, typical of monastic sayings.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲉϥϩⲩⲡⲟⲙⲉⲛⲉⲓⲛ","severity":"caution","text":"The form ⲉϥϩⲩⲡⲟⲙⲉⲛⲉⲓⲛ appears to be a scribal error or variant for ⲉϥϩⲩⲡⲟⲙⲉⲛⲉⲓⲛ (persevering), likely intended as ⲉϥϩⲩⲡⲟⲙⲉⲛⲉⲓ (he perseveres) with a redundant ⲛ.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase ⲉⲧⲁϥⲛⲁⲩ ⲇⲉ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ⲉϥϩⲩⲡⲟⲙⲉⲛⲉⲓⲛ (and when he saw him persevering) is ambiguous: the subject of the seeing could be either the younger monk or the elder, though the context suggests the younger monk observes the elder's steadfastness.","The clause ⲉⲃⲏⲗ ⲛⲧⲁϫⲱⲕ ⲛⲧⲏⲡⲓ (apart from my completing the fast) is ambiguous: it may mean 'except for my completing the fast' or 'without my completing the fast', affecting the condition for forgiveness."],"confidence":"high","notes":[{"kind":"structure","severity":"info","label":"dialogue","text":"Classified as dialogue from the Coptic cues."}]},{"i":25,"ref":"p25","source":"ⲣⲱ ⲛⲉ ⲑⲁⲓ ⲟⲩⲛ ⲧⲉ ϯⲡⲟⲗⲓⲧⲉⲓⲁ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲡⲓⲣⲉⲙ ⲣⲁⲕⲟϯ\nⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ ⲛⲟⲩⲥⲟⲡ ⲛϯⲉⲃⲇⲟⲙⲁⲥ.\nⲁϥϫⲟⲥ ⲛϫⲉ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲫⲏ ⲉⲑⲛⲁⲙⲁϩ ϧⲏⲧϥ ⲛⲱⲓⲕ ⲛⲉⲙ\nⲙⲱⲟⲩ ⲉϥϯ ⲙⲡϣⲟϣⲧ ⲙⲡⲉϥⲏⲓ ⲛⲛⲓⲥⲓⲛⲱⲟⲩⲓ ⲛⲟⲩⲟⲩⲛⲟⲩ ⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧ... ⲟⲩⲟϩ\nⲙⲉⲛⲉⲛⲥⲱⲥ ⲟⲛ ⲉⲧⲁϥϩⲓ ⲕⲟⲧ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ⲁϥⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ⲉϥⲣⲓⲙⲓ ⲉϥⲱϣ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ\nⲉϥϫⲱ ⲙⲙⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲓ︦ⲏ︦ⲥ︦ ⲓ︦ⲏ︦ⲥ︦ ⲓⲥϫⲉ ⲛⲉⲕⲙⲁϣϫ ⲥⲉⲛⲥⲉⲛ ⲁⲛ ⲉⲓⲱϣ ⲉⲡϣⲱⲓ ϧⲁⲣⲟⲕ\nⲙⲡⲓⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲡⲓⲉϫⲱⲣϩ ϩⲓⲛⲁ ⲛⲧⲉⲕⲉⲣ ⲡⲓⲛⲁⲓ ⲛⲉⲙⲏⲓ ⲛⲧⲉⲕϣⲉⲛ ϩⲏⲧ\nϧⲁⲣⲟⲓ ⲉⲑⲃⲉ ⲛⲁⲛⲟⲃⲓ ⲟⲩⲇⲉ ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ϩⲱ ϯⲛⲁϧⲓⲥⲓ ⲁⲛ ⲉⲓϯ ϩⲟ ⲉⲣⲟⲕ.\n(-ⲕ︦ⲏ︦-) ⲁⲩϫⲟⲥ ⲉⲑⲃⲉ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲡⲓⲛⲓϣϯ ϫⲉ ⲉϥⲙⲟϣⲓ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲧⲱⲟⲩ ⲛⲟⲩⲥⲟⲡ ⲁϥⲛⲁⲩ ⲉⲟⲩⲁⲫⲉ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲟⲩⲣⲉϥⲙⲱⲟⲩⲧ ⲉⲥⲥⲏϯ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲉϫⲉⲛ\nⲡⲓⲧⲱⲟⲩ ⲁϥⲕⲓⲙ ⲉϯⲁⲫⲉ ⲁⲥⲉⲣ ⲟⲩⲱ ⲛⲁϥ. ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲛⲁⲥ ϫⲉ ⲛⲑⲟ\nⲟⲩ ⲙⲡⲁⲓⲣⲏϯ ⲉⲣⲉ ⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲛⲉⲙⲏⲓ. ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲓⲕⲣⲁⲛⲓⲟⲛ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲟⲩϩⲉⲗⲗⲏⲛⲟⲥ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲥⲏⲟⲩ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲛⲓⲉⲑⲛⲟⲥ ⲁⲩⲭⲁⲧ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲉⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲕ. ⲡⲉϫⲉ\nⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲛⲓⲙ ⲁⲛⲟⲕ. ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲓⲕⲣⲁⲛⲓⲟⲛ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ\nⲛⲑⲟⲕ ⲡⲉ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲡⲓⲡⲛⲁⲧⲟⲫⲟⲣⲟⲥ. ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ\nϩⲁⲣⲁ ⲉⲕϣⲟⲡ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲙⲧⲟⲛ ϣⲁⲛ ⲉⲕϣⲟⲡ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓϧⲓⲥⲓ. ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲓⲕⲣⲁⲛⲓⲟⲛ","english":"Now this is the discipline of Apa Macarius the Egyptian: he eats once a week. Apa Macarius said, \"He who will fill himself with bread and water gives the key of his house to the demons for one hour...\" And afterwards, when he had returned to himself, he heard him weeping and crying out, saying, \"Jesus, Jesus, if your ears are not stopped, I cry out to you day and night so that you may do me mercy and incline your heart toward me because of my sins, nor will I myself cease to cry out to you.\" (28) They said concerning Apa Macarius the Great that he was walking in the mountain once and saw a skull of a dead man lying on the mountain. He moved the skull, and it answered him. The old man said to it, \"How is it that you speak to me?\" The skull said to him, \"I am a Greek from the time of the nations; I was cast aside to speak with you.\" The old man said to it, \"And who am I?\" The skull said to him, \"You are Apa Macarius the Spirit-bearer.\" The old man said to it, \"Are you in rest until you are in suffering?\" The skull","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲡⲓⲣⲉⲙ ⲣⲁⲕⲟϯ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic phrase ⲡⲓⲣⲉⲙ ⲣⲁⲕⲟϯ means 'the Egyptian' (literally 'the man of Rakote'). Rakote is the Coptic name for Alexandria, but here it designates Egypt broadly, distinguishing Macarius the Egyptian from Macarius of Alexandria.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲓⲡⲛⲁⲧⲟⲫⲟⲣⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"ⲡⲓⲡⲛⲁⲧⲟⲫⲟⲣⲟⲥ is a Greek loanword (πνευματοφόρος) meaning 'Spirit-bearer' or 'Spirit-carrier', a title for a monk filled with the Holy Spirit. It is used here by the skull to address Macarius.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲓ︦ⲏ︦ⲥ︦","severity":"info","text":"The repeated invocation ⲓ︦ⲏ︦ⲥ︦ (a nomen sacrum for Jesus) echoes the Jesus Prayer tradition and the cry of the penitent in Psalm 51 (LXX 50), 'Have mercy on me, O God'. The phrase 'incline your heart' (ϣⲉⲛ ϩⲏⲧ) recalls Ps 85:2 (LXX 84:2).","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲟⲩⲁⲫⲉ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲟⲩⲣⲉϥⲙⲱⲟⲩⲧ","severity":"info","text":"The episode of Macarius speaking with a skull is a well-known hagiographic topos, also found in the Greek Apophthegmata Patrum (Macarius 21). The skull identifies itself as a Greek from the time of the 'nations' (ⲉⲑⲛⲟⲥ), i.e., a pagan from the pre-Christian era.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The passage shifts from a saying about discipline (eating once a week, the key to demons) to a narrative of Macarius weeping in prayer, then to a dialogue with a skull. The number (28) in the Coptic marks a new section, likely a chapter or saying number.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁϥϩⲓ ⲕⲟⲧ ⲉⲣⲟϥ","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase ⲁϥϩⲓ ⲕⲟⲧ ⲉⲣⲟϥ is ambiguous: it could mean 'he returned to himself' (as in regaining composure) or 'he turned around' (physically). The English draft takes the former, but the latter is also possible.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["ⲁϥϩⲓ ⲕⲟⲧ ⲉⲣⲟϥ: 'he returned to himself' or 'he turned around'.","The Coptic text after ⲡⲓⲕⲣⲁⲛⲓⲟⲛ is cut off; the English draft ends mid-sentence, so the skull's response is incomplete."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":26,"ref":"p26","source":"ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲉⲓϣⲟⲡ ϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲓⲕⲟⲗⲁⲥⲓⲥ. ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲁϣ ⲛⲣⲏϯ ⲣⲱ\nⲧⲉ ϯⲕⲟⲗⲁⲥⲓⲥ. ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲓⲕⲣⲁⲛⲓⲟⲛ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲙⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲛⲧⲫⲉ ⲉⲥϭⲟⲥⲓ ⲉⲡⲕⲁϩⲓ\nⲡⲁⲓⲣⲏϯ ⲟⲛ ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲕⲉⲓⲁⲣⲟ ⲛⲭⲣⲱⲙ ⲥⲁ ⲡϣⲱⲓ ⲛⲧⲉⲛⲁⲫⲉ ⲉϥⲃⲉⲣⲃⲉⲣ ⲟⲩⲟϩ\nϥⲥⲁ ⲡⲉⲥⲏⲧ ⲙⲙⲟⲛ ⲉϥϩⲓ ϫⲟⲗ ϧⲁ ⲛⲉⲛϭⲁⲗⲁⲩϫ ⲛⲟϩⲓ ⲉⲣⲁⲧⲉⲛ ϧⲉⲛ ⲧⲉϥⲙⲏϯ\nⲙⲙⲟⲛ ϩⲟ ϫⲟⲩϣⲧ ⲉϩⲟ ⲛϧⲏⲧⲉⲛ ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ⲉⲣⲉ ⲡⲉⲛⲥⲟⲓ ⲧⲟⲙⲓ ⲉⲛⲉⲛⲉⲣⲏⲟⲩ.\n(-ⲕ︦ⲑ︦-) ⲙⲡⲓⲛⲁⲩ ⲟⲩⲛ ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ ⲟⲩⲛⲓϣϯ ⲛϯ ϩⲟ ϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲉⲑⲃⲏⲧⲉⲛ ϣⲁⲣⲉ ⲟⲩⲕⲟⲩϫⲓ ⲛⲙⲧⲟⲛ ⲧⲁϩⲟⲛ. ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲡⲓⲙⲧⲟⲛ ⲟⲩ ⲡⲉ. ⲡⲉϫⲉ\nⲡⲓⲕⲣⲁⲛⲓⲟⲛ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲣⲓⲕⲓ ⲙⲃⲁⲗ ⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲩ ⲉⲡϩⲟ ⲛⲛⲉⲛⲉⲣⲏⲟⲩ. ⲉⲧⲁ\nⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ ⲉⲛⲁⲓ ⲁϥⲱϣ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲁϥⲣⲓⲙⲓ ϫⲉ ⲓⲥϫⲉ ⲫⲁⲓ ⲡⲉ ⲡⲓⲙⲧⲟⲛ\nⲛⲧⲉ ϯⲕⲟⲗⲁⲥⲓⲥ ⲓⲉ ⲟⲩⲟⲓ ⲛⲥϩⲓⲙⲓ ⲉⲥϩⲉⲙⲥⲓ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲟⲩⲣⲱⲙⲓ ⲉⲙⲁⲥ ϣⲏⲣⲓ ⲛⲁⲛⲉⲥ\nⲙⲡⲟⲩⲙⲁⲥⲟⲩ ⲉⲡⲓⲕⲟⲥⲙⲟⲥ. ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲕⲟⲗⲁⲥⲓⲥ ⲟⲛ\nⲉⲥϩⲱⲟⲩ ⲉϩⲟⲧⲉ ⲑⲱⲕ. ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲓⲕⲣⲁⲛⲓⲟⲛ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲥⲉ ⲑⲏ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲉⲧⲥⲁ ⲡⲉⲥⲏⲧ\nⲙⲙⲟⲛ ⲡⲉⲥⲭⲣⲱⲙ ⲡⲉⲥⲭⲣⲱⲙ ⲟⲩⲭⲁⲙⲉ ⲡⲉ ⲉϥⲟⲓ ⲛⲁⲑⲛⲁⲓ ⲉϩⲟⲧⲉ ⲫⲏ.\nⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲣⲱⲙⲓ ϩⲓⲱⲧϥ. ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲓⲕⲣⲁⲛⲓⲟⲛ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲥⲉ\nⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲛϧⲏⲧϥ. ⲁϥⲟⲩⲟϩⲉⲙ ϫⲟⲥ ⲟⲛ ⲛϫⲉ ⲡⲓⲕⲣⲁⲛⲓⲟⲛ ϫⲉ ⲁⲛⲟⲛ ⲙⲉⲛ ϩⲱⲥ","english":"...to him, \"Are you in the torments?\" The old man said to him, \"What kind of torment is this?\" The Cranium said to him, \"As the sky is high above the earth, so also there is another river of fire above my head, roaring, and below us it is placed under our heels, and we stand in its midst, and we cannot see each other's faces, but our backs are joined together.\" (29) At that time, a great shame befalls us because of a small relief that comes to us. The old man said to him, \"What is the relief?\" The Cranium said to him, \"In the blink of an eye we see each other's faces.\" When the old man heard these things, he cried out and wept, saying, \"If this is the relief of the torment, then woe to the woman who gives birth and to the man who has a beautiful child, and they did not bring them into the world.\" The old man said to him, \"Is there a torment worse than yours?\" The Cranium said to him, \"There is, for the one below us, his fire, his fire is black, and it is more pitiless than this one.\" The old man said to him, \"Is there a man upon it?\" The Cranium said to him, \"There are some within it.\" The Cranium also said, \"As for us, however...","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲓⲕⲣⲁⲛⲓⲟⲛ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic term ⲡⲓⲕⲣⲁⲛⲓⲟⲛ (from Greek κρανίον) means 'the skull' and is used as a proper name for the speaking figure in this passage, likely a deceased person or a visionary entity.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲕⲟⲗⲁⲥⲓⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Greek loanword ⲕⲟⲗⲁⲥⲓⲥ (kolasis) denotes 'punishment' or 'torment' and is a standard term in Coptic apocalyptic literature for infernal penalties, often associated with the afterlife.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage is a dialogue within a narrative frame: the old man (Apa Macarius) questions the Cranium, who describes a layered geography of torment with a river of fire above and a black fire below, culminating in a lament about human reproduction.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"parallel","kind":"parallel","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The description of a river of fire above the head and a black, pitiless fire below echoes themes in the Apocalypse of Paul and other Coptic visionary texts, where hell is stratified with varying degrees of punishment.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The old man's cry—'woe to the woman who gives birth and to the man who has a beautiful child, and they did not bring them into the world'—reflects a monastic ascetic rejection of worldly life, a theme common in the Sayings of the Desert Fathers.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of ⲡⲓⲕⲣⲁⲛⲓⲟⲛ (the Cranium) is not explicitly clarified; it may be a skull of a deceased person or a symbolic figure. The Coptic text does not specify whether the 'man upon it' refers to a living person or a soul in torment."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":27,"ref":"p27","source":"ⲛⲥⲱⲟⲩⲛ ⲙⲫ︦ϯ︦ ⲁⲛ ⲁⲩϩⲓⲧⲧⲉⲛ ⲉⲧⲁⲓⲕⲟⲗⲁⲥⲓⲥ ⲛⲏ ⲇⲉ ϩⲱⲟⲩ ⲉⲧⲥⲱⲟⲩⲛ ⲙⲙⲟϥ\nⲉⲧⲁⲩⲭⲁϥ ⲛⲥⲱⲟⲩ ⲁⲩϩⲓⲧⲟⲩ ⲥⲁⲡⲉⲥⲏⲧ ⲙⲙⲟⲛ. ⲁⲩϫⲟⲥ ⲉⲑⲃⲉ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲡⲓⲛⲓϣϯ ϫⲉ ⲁϥⲉⲣ ⲅ̄ϯ ⲛⲣⲟⲙⲡⲓ ⲉϥϣⲟⲡ\nϧⲉⲛ (-ⲗ-) ⲟⲩⲙϩⲁⲩ ⲉⲣⲉ ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲟⲩⲗⲁⲟⲩⲁⲓ ⲛⲣⲉϥⲙⲱⲟⲩⲧ ⲛϧⲏⲧϥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ\nⲙⲉⲛⲉⲛⲥⲁ ϯⲅ̄ϯ ⲛⲣⲟⲙⲡⲓ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲟⲩⲱϣ ⲉⲭⲁ ⲡⲓⲙⲁ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲁϥⲟϩⲓ ⲉⲣⲁⲧϥ ⲛϫⲉ\nⲡⲓⲣⲉϥⲙⲱⲟⲩⲧ ϩⲓⲣⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲣⲟ ⲉϥϫⲱ ⲙⲙⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ϯⲛⲁⲭⲁⲕ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲁⲛ ⲡⲁⲓⲱⲧ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲉⲑⲃⲉ ⲟⲩ. ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲓⲣⲉϥⲙⲱⲟⲩⲧ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ\nⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕⲓ ⲉϧⲟⲩⲛ ⲙⲡⲁⲓⲙϩⲁⲩ ⲛⲁⲓⲭⲏ ⲡⲉ ϧⲉⲛ ϩⲁⲛ ⲡⲓϣϯ ⲛϧⲓⲥⲓ ⲛⲉⲙ ϩⲁⲛ\nⲧϩⲉⲙⲕⲟ ⲉⲧⲁⲕⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲉϧⲟⲩⲛ ⲉⲡⲁⲓⲙⲁ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲕϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲉⲑⲃⲏⲧⲕ ⲁⲩϯ ⲙⲧⲟⲛ\nⲛⲏⲓ. ϯⲉⲣ ϩⲟϯ ⲟⲩⲛ ⲙⲏⲡⲱⲥ ⲁⲓϣⲁⲛⲭⲁⲕ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲛⲧⲟⲩⲧⲁⲥⲑⲟⲓ ⲉⲣⲱⲟⲩ\nⲛⲕⲉⲥⲟⲡ. ϩⲟⲥⲟⲛ ⲟⲩⲛ ⲉⲣⲉ ⲡⲓⲣⲉϥⲙⲱⲟⲩⲧ ⲟϩⲓ ⲉⲣⲁⲧϥ ϩⲓⲣⲉⲛ ⲫⲣⲟ ⲙⲡⲓⲙϩⲁⲩ\nⲁⲥϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲛϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲥⲙⲏ ϫⲉ ⲭⲁ ⲡⲓⲣⲱⲙⲓ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲫ︦ϯ︦ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲉⲃⲏⲗ ⲅⲁⲣ ϫⲉ ⲁⲩϫⲉⲙ ϩⲁⲛ ⲕⲟⲩϫⲓ ⲙⲙⲉⲑⲙⲏⲓ ⲛⲧⲁⲕ ⲉⲡⲓϫⲓ ⲛⲛⲁⲓ ⲛⲁⲕ ⲉⲑⲃⲏⲧⲟⲩ ⲙⲙⲟⲛ\nⲛⲁⲣⲉ ⲫ︦ϯ︦ ⲛⲁⲧⲏⲓⲥ ⲉϧⲣⲏⲓ ⲉⲡϩⲏⲧ ⲙⲡⲉϥⲃⲱⲕ ⲁⲛ ⲡⲉ ⲉⲑⲣⲉϥⲉⲣ ⲧⲁⲓⲅ̄ ⲛⲣⲟⲙⲡⲓ\nϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲁⲓⲙϩⲁⲩ ϩⲓⲛⲁ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲓⲛⲁⲓ ϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲛⲁⲕ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϩⲓⲧⲟⲧϥ. (-ⲗ︦ⲁ︦-) ⲁⲩϫⲟⲥ ⲉⲑⲃⲉ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲁϥⲣⲁⲟⲩⲱ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓϩⲉⲗⲟⲥ\nⲉϥⲉⲛ ⲃⲏⲧ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ϩⲱⲥ ⲟⲩⲛ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲕⲏⲛ ⲉϥⲓⲛⲓ ⲙⲙⲱⲟⲩ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲑⲟⲩⲱⲧⲟⲩ ⲉϧⲟⲩⲛ ⲉϥⲟⲩⲱϣ ⲉⲙⲟⲣⲟⲩ ⲁ ⲟⲩⲇⲁⲓⲙⲱⲛ ⲓ ⲥⲁ ⲡϣⲱⲓ ⲙⲙⲟϥ\nⲙⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲛⲟⲩⲙⲟⲛⲁⲭⲟⲥ ⲉϥⲟⲓ ⲛⲥⲙⲟⲧ ⲉϥϫⲟⲛⲧ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉϥϫⲟⲡ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲁϥ\nϫⲉ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲙⲡⲉⲣⲙⲟⲣ ⲛⲓⲃⲏⲧ ϣⲁⲧⲉⲕϯ ⲛⲧⲁⲧⲟⲓ ⲛⲏⲓ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲁⲙⲟⲩ ⲫⲏ ⲉⲧⲉⲕⲟⲩⲁϣϥ ⲁⲗⲓⲧϥ ⲛⲁⲕ.","english":"...to him, \"Are you in the torments?\" The old man said to him, \"What kind of torment is this?\" The Cranium said to him, \"As the sky is high above the earth, so also there is another river of fire above my head, roaring, and those who do not know God have been cast into this torment, but those who know him have been cast behind them, below the monk.\" They said concerning Abba Macarius the Great that he spent twenty-three years in a cave where there was a dead man, and after the twenty-three years, when he wished to leave the place, the dead man stood at the door saying, \"I will not let you go, my father.\" And the old man said to him, \"Why?\" The dead man said to him, \"You have not entered this cave where I am in great sufferings and afflictions, and when you entered this place and came to be because of you, they gave me rest. I am afraid lest if I let you go, they will cast me back into them again.\" As long as the dead man stood at the door of the cave, a voice came, \"Let the man of God go out, for they have found a few truths of yours on the earth; because of them, God will not be merciful to the heart of his servant? Is it not so that he spent twenty-three years in this cave so that mercy might come to you through him?\" They said concerning Abba Macarius that he was in the desert carrying jars, and as one who had gone to fetch water, he brought them and poured them in, wishing to bind them, and a demon came from above him in the form of a monk, angry and fierce, and said to him, \"Macarius, do not bind the jars until you give me my portion.\" And the old man said to him, \"Come, take what you wish for yourself.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic uses the Greek-derived title ⲁⲃⲃⲁ (Abba) for Macarius, rendered as 'Abba' per the pinned glossary. This form is standard in Coptic hagiography.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"external","lemma":"ⲡⲓⲣⲉϥⲙⲱⲟⲩⲧ","severity":"info","text":"The 'dead man' (ⲡⲓⲣⲉϥⲙⲱⲟⲩⲧ) who speaks to Macarius is a common motif in Egyptian monastic literature, representing a soul in torment seeking intercession.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁⲩϫⲟⲥ ⲉⲑⲃⲉ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The passage shifts from direct dialogue to a narrative formula ('They said concerning Abba Macarius'), introducing two distinct episodes: the cave with the dead man and the demon at the jars.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁⲩϩⲓⲧⲟⲩ ⲥⲁⲡⲉⲥⲏⲧ ⲙⲙⲟⲛ","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase 'below the monk' (ⲥⲁⲡⲉⲥⲏⲧ ⲙⲙⲟⲛ) is ambiguous: it may mean the dead are placed beneath the monk in a spatial hierarchy, or that the monk is above them in moral status. The English draft takes the latter.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"external","lemma":"ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"Macarius the Great (c. 300–391 CE) is a central figure in Coptic monasticism. This episode, with its demonic encounters and ascetic trials, reflects the hagiographical tradition that shaped his cult.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase 'ⲥⲁⲡⲉⲥⲏⲧ ⲙⲙⲟⲛ' could be read spatially (below the monk) or morally (inferior to the monk). The English draft opts for the latter.","The number 'ⲅ̄ϯ' (23) is clear, but the Coptic 'ⲛⲣⲟⲙⲡⲓ' (years) is written with a supralinear stroke, a common scribal abbreviation."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":28,"ref":"p28","source":"ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲓⲇⲁⲓⲙⲱⲛ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲫⲁϣⲟⲩ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲙⲟⲓ ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲟⲓ ⲛⲏⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲗⲓⲟⲩⲓ ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲟⲓ\nⲛⲁⲕ ϩⲱⲕ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁ ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲫⲁϣⲟⲩ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁϥⲭⲁ ⲟⲩⲧⲟⲓ ⲉⲥⲟⲓ\nⲛⲛⲓϣϯ ⲉⲟⲩⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲙⲡⲓⲇⲁⲓⲙⲱⲛ ϫⲉ ⲁⲗⲓⲟⲩⲓ ⲛⲑⲏ ⲉⲧⲉⲕⲟⲩⲁϣⲥ\nⲛⲁⲕ ϧⲉⲛ ⲧⲁⲓⲥⲛⲟⲩϯ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲓⲇⲁⲓⲙⲱⲛ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲙⲙⲟⲛ ⲛⲑⲟⲕ ⲁⲕⲓⲣⲓ\nⲙⲡⲓϧⲓⲥⲓ ⲁⲗⲓⲟⲩⲓ ⲙⲡⲓⲥⲁ ⲉⲧⲉⲕⲟⲩⲁϣϥ ⲛⲁⲕ ⲛⲑⲟⲕ ⲛϣⲟⲣⲡ. ⲁ ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ\nⲱⲗⲓ ⲛϯⲕⲟⲩϫⲓ ⲛⲧⲟⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲥⲁⲧⲟⲧϥ ⲁ ⲡⲓⲇⲁⲓⲙⲱⲛ ⲱϣ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ϫⲉ ⲱ ⲃⲓⲁ\n(-ⲗⲃ-) ⲛⲧⲟⲧⲕ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲁⲓϭⲣⲟ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲉⲟⲩⲙⲏϣ ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ⲛⲑⲟⲕ ⲁⲕϭⲣⲟ\nⲉⲣⲟⲓ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲟⲩ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲛⲑⲟⲕ ⲛⲓⲙ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲓⲇⲁⲓⲙⲱⲛ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲡⲓⲇⲁⲓⲙⲱⲛ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲓϩⲏⲟⲩ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁ ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ\nϯ ⲛⲟⲩⲉⲩⲭⲏ ⲁ ⲡⲓⲇⲁⲓⲙⲱⲛ ⲉⲣ ⲁⲑⲟⲩⲱⲛϩ. ⲁⲩϫⲟⲥ ⲟⲛ ⲉⲑⲃⲏⲧϥ ϫⲉ ⲉϥϣⲗⲏⲗ ⲛⲟⲩⲥⲟⲡ ϧⲉⲛ ⲧⲉϥⲣⲓ ⲛϫⲉ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲁ ⲟⲩⲥⲙⲏ ⲓ ⲛⲁϥ ⲉⲥϫⲱ ⲙⲙⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕⲫⲟϩ","english":"And the demon said to him, \"Break off for me a piece of bread, and give me a piece of bread for yourself as well.\" And the old man broke off a piece and placed a large piece on the fire, and said to the demon, \"Take whichever you wish for yourself in this blessing.\" And the demon said to him, \"No, you have endured the suffering; take whichever side you wish for yourself first.\" The old man took the small piece of bread, and immediately the demon cried out, \"O violence! From you, Macarius, I have conquered many, but you have conquered me.\" And the old man said to him, \"Who are you then?\" And the demon said to him, \"I am the demon of the desert.\" And when the old man gave a prayer, the demon vanished. It was also said about him that when Abba Macarius prayed once in his cell, a voice came to him saying, \"Macarius, you have not yet reached...","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The title 'Abba' (ⲁⲃⲃⲁ) is a Greek/Syriac address for a monastic elder, retained in Coptic. Macarius the Great is the central figure of this narrative.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ϣⲗⲏⲗ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic verb ϣⲗⲏⲗ means 'to pray'. Here it describes Macarius's prayer that causes the demon to vanish, a typical hagiographic motif.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"background","lemma":"ⲡⲓⲇⲁⲓⲙⲱⲛ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲓϩⲏⲟⲩ","severity":"info","text":"The 'demon of the desert' (ⲡⲓⲇⲁⲓⲙⲱⲛ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲓϩⲏⲟⲩ) is a stock figure in Egyptian monastic literature, representing the temptations and hostile forces faced by anchorites in the wilderness.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage continues the narrative from the previous encounter with the Cranium, now shifting to a direct confrontation between Macarius and a demon. The demon's boast and defeat reinforce Macarius's spiritual authority.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"background","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The motif of a demon being outwitted by a monk's humility (choosing the smaller piece of bread) is common in the Apophthegmata Patrum and similar collections, illustrating the triumph of ascetic virtue over demonic pride.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲃⲓⲁ","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic text has a marginal note '(-ⲗⲃ-)' after ⲃⲓⲁ, likely a scribal insertion or page number. The reading 'ⲃⲓⲁ' (violence) is clear, but the interpolation may affect the flow.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase 'ⲛⲑⲏ ⲉⲧⲉⲕⲟⲩⲁϣⲥ' (the one you wish) is ambiguous as to whether it refers to the piece of bread or the side of the fire; the translation takes it as the piece.","The marginal note '(-ⲗⲃ-)' is unclear; it may be a folio number or a scribal correction."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":29,"ref":"p29","source":"ⲉⲡϣⲓ ⲛⲥϩⲓⲙⲓ ⲥⲛⲟⲩϯ ⲉⲩϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲁ ⲫⲙⲁⲛ ⲛϯⲙⲓ. ⲉⲧⲁϥⲧⲱⲛϥ ⲇⲉ ⲛϣⲱⲣⲡ\nⲛϫⲉ ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲁϥϭⲓ ⲙⲡⲉϥϣⲃⲱⲧ ⲙⲃⲁⲓ ⲁϥⲉⲣ ϩⲏⲧⲥ ⲉⲡⲓⲙⲱⲓⲧ ⲙⲙⲟϣⲓ. ⲉⲧⲁϥⲫⲟϩ ⲟⲩⲛ ⲉⲡⲓϯⲙⲓ ⲁ ⲟⲩⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ ⲙⲟϣⲓ ⲛⲉⲙⲁϥ ⲉϥϭⲓ ⲙⲱⲓⲧ ϧⲁϫⲱϥ\nϣⲁ ⲡⲓⲏⲓ. ⲉⲧⲁϥⲕⲱⲗϩ ⲇⲉ ⲉⲡⲓⲣⲟ ⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲛ ⲛⲁϥ. ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲉⲙⲓ ⲇⲉ ϫⲉ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ\nⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲡⲉ ⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱϣⲧ ⲛⲁϥ ϩⲓϫⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲕⲁϩⲓ ⲁⲩϣⲟⲡϥ ⲉⲣⲱⲟⲩ ϧⲉⲛ\nⲟⲩⲣⲁϣⲓ. ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲛⲱⲟⲩ ϫⲉ ⲉⲑⲃⲉ ⲑⲏⲛⲟⲩ ⲁⲓⲉⲣϩⲩⲡⲟⲙⲉⲛⲉⲓⲛ\nⲉⲡⲁⲓⲥⲕⲩⲗⲙⲟⲥ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲁⲓⲙⲱⲓⲧ ⲙⲙⲟϣⲓ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϧⲉⲛ ⲡϣⲁϥⲉ ⲁⲓⲓ (-ⲗ︦︦ⲅ︦-) ⲙⲛⲁⲓ\nⲁϫⲟⲥ ⲟⲩⲛ ⲛⲏⲓ ϫⲉ ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲓ ⲛⲉⲣ ϩⲱⲃ ⲟⲩ ⲧⲉ. ⲛⲑⲱⲟⲩ ⲇⲉ ⲉⲩⲟⲩⲱϣ ⲉⲭⲱⲡ\nⲡⲉϫⲱⲟⲩ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲉⲕϣⲓⲛⲓ ⲛⲥⲁ ⲟⲩ ⲛϫⲓ ⲛⲉⲣ ϩⲱⲃ ⲛⲧⲟⲧⲟⲩ ⲛⲛⲁⲓ ⲟⲩⲟⲛ\nⲉⲩϭⲁϧⲉⲙ. ⲉⲧⲁϥϯ ⲙⲉⲧⲁⲛⲟⲓⲁ ⲟⲩⲛ ⲛϫⲉ ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲱⲟⲩ ϫⲉ\nⲙⲡⲉⲣⲭⲱⲡ ⲉⲣⲟⲓ ϫⲉ ⲫ︦ϯ︦ ⲡⲉ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲧⲁⲟⲩⲟⲓ. ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲉⲣ ϩⲟϯ ⲇⲉ ⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲛϩ\nⲉⲣⲟϥ ⲉⲩϫⲱ ⲙⲙⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲭⲱ ⲛⲁⲛ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲡⲉⲛⲓⲱⲧ ⲁⲛⲟⲛ ϩⲁⲛ ϣⲉⲙⲙⲱⲟⲩ\nⲉⲃⲟⲗϩⲁ ⲛⲉⲛⲉⲣⲏⲟⲩ ⲛϯⲃ︦ϯ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲡⲓⲕⲟⲥⲙⲟⲥ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲟⲩϯ ⲙⲁϯ ⲇⲉ ⲁⲩⲧⲏⲓⲧⲉⲛ ⲛⲥⲟⲛ ⲃ︦ ⲛⲥⲁⲣⲕⲓⲕⲟⲥ. ⲓⲥ ⲓ︦ⲉ︦ ⲛⲣⲟⲙⲡⲓ ⲙⲫⲟⲟⲩ ⲧⲉⲛϣⲟⲡ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲁⲓⲏⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ\nⲧⲉⲛⲥⲱⲟⲩⲛ ⲙⲙⲟⲛ ⲁⲛ ⲉⲁⲛⲓⲣⲓ ⲛⲟⲩⲙⲗⲁϧ ⲟⲩⲃⲉ ⲛⲉⲛⲉⲣⲏⲟⲩ ⲓⲉ ⲁ ⲟⲩⲓ ϫⲉ\nⲟⲩⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲛⲁⲣⲅⲟⲛ ⲛⲧⲉⲥϣⲫⲉⲣⲓ ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ⲛϣⲟⲡ ⲛⲥⲏⲟⲩ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩϩⲉⲓⲣⲏⲛⲏ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲟⲩⲙⲉⲩⲓ ⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧ. ⲁⲥϩⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲉⲛⲉⲛⲙⲉⲩⲓ ⲉⲑⲣⲉⲛⲭⲱ ⲛⲥⲱⲛ\nⲛⲛⲉⲛϩⲁⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉϧⲟⲩⲛ ⲉⲫⲃⲓⲟⲥ ⲛⲧⲉ ϯⲙⲉⲧⲡⲁⲣⲑⲉⲛⲟⲥ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ\nⲉⲧⲁⲛϯ ϩⲟ ⲉⲛⲉⲛϩⲁⲓ ⲛⲟⲩⲙⲏϣ ⲛⲥⲟⲡ ⲉⲑⲃⲉ ⲡⲁⲓϩⲱⲃ ⲙⲡⲟⲩⲑⲱⲧ ⲉⲭⲁⲛ\nⲉⲃⲟⲗ.","english":"The old woman was cooking in the village. When the old man arose first, he took his staff and set out on the road. When he arrived at the village, an angel walked with him, taking the path before him to the house. When he knocked at the door, they opened for him. When they knew that it was Abba Macarius, they bowed down to him on the ground and received him with joy. The old man said to them, \"Because of you I endured this hardship of this journey from the desert. I have come to you. Tell me, then, what work do you do?\" They, wishing to hide, said to him, \"Why do you ask about work from us who are poor?\" When the old man gave repentance, he said to them, \"Do not hide from me, for it is God who sent me.\" When they were afraid, they revealed to him, saying, \"Forgive us, our father. We are strangers to one another in this city, according to the world, according to a certain custom. But we took two brothers as fleshly ones. Behold, for fifteen years now we have lived in this house, and we do not know that we have done any evil against one another, or that one has said an idle word of companionship, but we have lived all our times in peace and with a single mind. It came into our minds to put away our husbands and to enter into the life of virginity. And we refused our husbands many times because of this matter, but they did not consent to let us go.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic ⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ is rendered 'angel' per the glossary; here it accompanies Macarius on the road, a narrative motif of divine guidance.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲃⲃⲁ","severity":"info","text":"The address ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ is kept as 'Abba Macarius', following the glossary's instruction to retain the Greek/Syriac form where the Coptic does.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲉⲓⲣⲏⲛⲏ","severity":"info","text":"ⲛⲉⲙ ⲟⲩⲉⲓⲣⲏⲛⲏ (with ⲟⲩⲙⲉⲩⲓ ⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧ) describes the women's harmonious life; the glossary notes that ⲉⲓⲣⲏⲛⲏ in colophons is liturgical, but here it is a domestic peace.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲙⲉⲧⲁⲛⲟⲓⲁ","severity":"info","text":"The old man 'gave repentance' (ⲁϥϯ ⲙⲉⲧⲁⲛⲟⲓⲁ) — a technical term for a spiritual admonition or call to change, not a confession of his own sin.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage shifts from the demonic encounter of the previous passage to a village narrative, introducing a new episode with the angelic escort and the women's confession.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲛϫⲓ ⲛⲉⲣ ϩⲱⲃ","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase ⲛϫⲓ ⲛⲉⲣ ϩⲱⲃ (line 10) is ambiguous: it may mean 'what work you do' or 'what craft you practice'; the women's response suggests manual labor or trade.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of the 'old woman' (ⲡϣⲓ ⲛⲥϩⲓⲙⲓ) at the start is unclear; she may be a village figure or a continuation of the previous scene.","The phrase ⲛϫⲓ ⲛⲉⲣ ϩⲱⲃ is ambiguous between 'work' and 'craft'.","The number of years (ⲓ︦ⲉ︦ = 15) is clear, but the women's claim of not knowing any evil between them may be rhetorical."],"confidence":"high","notes":[{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ","text":"ⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ → “angel”. Greek ἄγγελος; 'messenger' only where a human envoy is meant (rare in this corpus)."},{"kind":"homonym","severity":"caution","term":"ⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ","text":"ⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ carries more than one sense (messenger); this passage takes it as “angel”. The choice is the translator's, not a lexical given."}]},{"i":30,"ref":"p30","source":"(-ⲗ︦ⲇ︦-) ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉ ⲡⲁⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ ⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲁⲛ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲁⲛⲥⲉⲙⲛⲓ ⲟⲩⲧⲱⲛ\nⲛⲉⲙ ⲫ︦ϯ︦ ⲛⲟⲩⲇⲓⲁⲑⲏⲕⲏ ϩⲱⲥⲧⲉ ϣⲁ ⲉϧⲣⲏⲓ ⲉⲡⲉⲛⲙⲟⲩ ⲛⲧⲉⲛϣⲧⲉⲙϫⲉ\nⲟⲩⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲛⲕⲟⲥⲙⲓⲕⲟⲥ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϧⲉⲛ ⲣⲱⲛ ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ⲛⲧⲉⲛⲉⲣ ⲫⲙⲉⲩⲓ ⲙⲫϯ ⲛⲉⲙ\nⲛⲉϥⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲛⲥⲏⲟⲩ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ ⲛϥⲓ ⲙⲫⲣⲱⲟⲩϣ ⲛⲛⲓⲉⲩⲭⲏ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲛⲓⲛⲏⲥⲧⲉⲓⲁ\nϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲙⲟⲩⲛ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲟⲩⲙⲉⲑⲛⲁⲏⲧ. ⲉⲧⲁϥⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ ⲇⲉ ⲉⲛⲁⲓ ⲛϫⲉ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ\nⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ϫⲉ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲙⲉⲑⲙⲏⲓ ⲟⲩⲣⲁⲛ ⲙⲙⲟⲛⲁⲭⲟⲥ ⲁⲛ ⲡⲉ ⲓⲉ\nⲛⲕⲟⲥⲙⲓⲕⲟⲥ ⲓⲉ ⲙⲡⲁⲣⲑⲉⲛⲟⲥ ⲓⲉ ⲛⲥϩⲓⲙⲓ ϧⲁ ϩⲁⲓ ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ⲟⲩⲡⲣⲟϩⲁⲓⲣⲉⲥⲓⲥ\nⲉⲥⲥⲟⲩⲧⲱⲛ ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉ ⲫ︦ϯ︦ ⲕⲱϯ ⲛⲥⲱⲥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉϥϯ ⲙⲡⲉϥⲡ︦ⲛ︦ⲁ︦ ⲉⲑⲟⲩⲁⲃ ⲉϧⲣⲏⲓ\nⲉⲣⲱⲟⲩ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁϥϫⲉⲙ ϩⲏⲟⲩ ⲛϫⲉ ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲁϥⲕⲟⲧϥ ⲉⲧⲉϥⲣⲓ\nⲉϥⲕⲱⲗϩ ϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲉϥϫⲓϫ ⲉϥϫⲱ ⲙⲙⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲇⲉ ⲙⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲛⲛⲁⲓⲕⲟⲥⲙⲓⲕⲟⲥ\nⲙⲡⲓⲉⲣ ϩⲉⲓⲣⲏⲛⲏ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲡⲁⲥⲟⲛ. ⲁⲩϫⲟⲥ ⲉⲑⲃⲉ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲡⲓⲛⲓϣϯ ϫⲉ ⲛⲁϥϣⲟⲡ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓϣⲁϥⲉ ⲉⲧⲥⲁϧⲟⲩⲛ ⲛⲑⲟϥ ⲙⲙⲁⲩⲁⲧϥ ⲉⲛⲁϥⲭⲏ ⲙⲙⲁⲩ ⲉϥⲉⲣⲁⲛⲁⲭⲱⲣⲉⲓⲛ. ⲥⲁϧⲟⲩⲛ ⲇⲉ ⲙⲙⲟϥ ⲛⲉ ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲕⲉϣⲁϥⲉ ⲙⲙⲁⲭ ⲡⲉ ⲉⲣⲉ (-ⲗ︦ⲉ︦-) ϩⲁⲛ ⲕⲉⲥⲛⲏⲟⲩ\nⲛϧⲏⲧϥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁ ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ϯ ϩⲑⲏϥ ⲛⲟⲩⲙⲱⲓⲧ ⲛⲟⲩⲥⲟⲡ. ⲁϥⲛⲁⲩ ⲉⲡⲥⲁⲧⲁⲛⲁⲥ ⲉϥⲛⲏⲟⲩ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲥⲭⲏⲙⲁ ⲛⲣⲱⲙⲓ ⲛⲥⲓⲛⲓⲱⲟⲩⲓ ⲛⲁϥⲟⲩⲟⲛϩ ⲡⲉ ⲙⲫⲣⲏϯ\nⲉⲣⲉ ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲟⲩⲥⲧⲓⲭⲁⲣⲓⲟⲛ ⲛⲓⲁⲩ ⲧⲟⲓ ϩⲓⲱⲧϥ ⲉⲥⲟⲓ ⲛⲭⲟⲗⲭⲟⲗ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ\nⲭⲟⲗ ⲛⲉ ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲟⲩⲕⲏⲃⲓ ⲁϣⲓ ⲉⲣⲟϥ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲛⲁϥ\nϫⲉ ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲁⲕⲛⲁ ⲉⲑⲱⲛ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ϫⲉ ϯⲛⲁⲥⲓⲛⲓ ⲛⲧⲁϯ ⲫⲙⲉⲩⲓ\nⲛⲛⲓⲥⲛⲏⲟⲩ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲉⲕⲉⲣ ⲟⲩ ⲛⲛⲁⲓⲕⲏⲃⲓ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ϩⲁⲛ ⲅⲉⲩⲙⲁ ⲛⲉ ⲉⲓⲱⲗⲓ ⲙⲙⲱⲟⲩ ⲛⲛⲓⲥⲛⲏⲟⲩ. ⲁⲃⲃⲁ\nⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲇⲉ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲁⲓ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ.","english":"he had not revealed to the bishop, but we made a covenant with God that until our death we would not speak a worldly word from our mouths, but we would remember God and his saints at all times, and take care of prayers and fasts in a continuous manner and with charity. When Abba Macarius heard these things, he said, \"In truth, it is not a name of monk or worldly or virgin or woman for a husband, but a straight intention which God seeks, and he gives his Holy Spirit to them all.\" And when the old man found them, he turned to his cell, weeping in his hands, saying, \"Not even like these worldly ones did I make peace with my brother.\" It was said about Abba Macarius the Great that he dwelt in the inner desert alone, living as an anchorite. Within it there was another desert where some other brothers were, and the old man once set out on a journey. He saw Satan coming in the form of a man of great size, appearing as if he had a stole of many colors on him, and according to color there was a large basket on him. And Abba Macarius said to him, \"Old man, where are you going?\" And he said, \"I am going to give remembrance to the brothers.\" And Abba Macarius said to him, \"What are you doing with these baskets?\" And he said to him, \"They are delicacies I am carrying to the brothers.\" Abba Macarius said to him, \"And all these?","structure":"dialogue","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The term ⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ (holy) appears in the phrase ⲛⲉϥⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ (his saints), referring to the saints as a collective body, consistent with the glossary rendering.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲉⲓⲣⲏⲛⲏ","severity":"info","text":"The word ⲉⲓⲣⲏⲛⲏ (peace) occurs in the phrase ⲙⲡⲓⲉⲣ ϩⲉⲓⲣⲏⲛⲏ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲡⲁⲥⲟⲛ (I did not make peace with my brother). Here it denotes interpersonal reconciliation, not the liturgical formula 'in peace'.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲃⲃⲁ","severity":"info","text":"The address ⲁⲃⲃⲁ (Abba) is used for Macarius, reflecting the Greek/Syriac honorific retained in Coptic monastic literature.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"external","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The reference to an anchorite in the inner desert (ⲡⲓϣⲁϥⲉ ⲉⲧⲥⲁϧⲟⲩⲛ) reflects the historical practice of Coptic monasticism, where Macarius the Great was known for his solitary asceticism in the Scetis desert.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage shifts from a dialogue on monastic discipline to a narrative episode where Macarius encounters Satan disguised as a monk carrying baskets, illustrating the theme of spiritual discernment.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic text at the beginning (ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉ ⲡⲁⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ ⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲁⲛ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ) is fragmentary; the English draft supplies 'he had not revealed to the bishop' but the Coptic may be corrupt or lacunose.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉ ⲡⲁⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ ⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲁⲛ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ is ambiguous: it may mean 'the bishop did not reveal to us' or 'he had not revealed to the bishop'; the English draft takes the latter reading.","The identity of the 'old man' (ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ) is ambiguous; it may refer to Macarius or another elder, but the context suggests Macarius is the speaker in the dialogue."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[{"kind":"structure","severity":"info","label":"dialogue","text":"Classified as dialogue from the Coptic cues."}]},{"i":31,"ref":"p31","source":"ⲁϥⲉⲣ ⲟⲩⲱ ⲛϫⲉ ⲡⲓⲇⲓⲁⲃⲟⲗⲟⲥ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲙⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ϫⲉ ⲉϣⲱⲡ ⲁⲣⲉϣⲧⲉⲙ ⲫⲁⲓ ⲣⲁⲛⲁϥ ⲛⲟⲩⲁⲓ ϣⲁⲓϯ\nⲛⲁϥ ⲛⲕⲉⲟⲩⲁⲓ ⲉϣⲱⲡ ⲟⲩⲛ ⲁⲣⲉϣⲧⲉⲙ ⲡⲓⲕⲉⲟⲩⲁⲓ ⲣⲁⲛⲁϥ ϯⲛⲁϯ ⲛⲕⲉⲟⲩⲁⲓ\nⲛⲁϥ ⲡⲁⲛⲧⲱⲥ ⲟⲩⲛ ϩⲱϯ ⲡⲉ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲟⲩⲁⲓ ⲙⲙⲱⲟⲩ ⲣⲁⲛⲁϥ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲁⲓ ⲉⲧⲁϥϫⲟⲧⲟⲩ ⲁϥϣⲉ ⲛⲁϥ. ⲁ ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ϩⲉⲙⲥⲓ ⲉϥϯ ⲛϩⲑⲏϥ ⲉⲡⲓ- (-ⲗ︦ⲋ︦-) ⲙⲱⲓⲧ\nϣⲁⲧⲉϥⲧⲁⲥⲑⲟ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁ ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲛⲁⲩ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲙⲓⲱⲟⲩ. ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲁϥⲑⲱⲛ ⲙⲓⲱⲟⲩ ⲛⲉ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲛⲁϥ\nϫⲉ ⲉⲑⲃⲉ ⲟⲩ. ⲛⲑⲟϥ ⲇⲉ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲁⲩⲉⲣ ⲁⲅⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲉⲣⲟⲓ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲛϫⲉ","english":"The devil answered and said to the old man, \"If this one does not want it, I will give him another. If that other does not want it, I will give him another. In any case, one of them will want it.\" And after he said these things, he went away. The old man sat down, giving his attention to the path until evening. And when the old man saw him, he said to him, \"Come.\" He said to him, \"He has returned. Come.\" And Abba Macarius said to him, \"Why?\" And he said to him, \"They have all become wild against me.","structure":"dialogue","commentary":[{"unit":"sense","kind":"sense","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲓⲇⲓⲁⲃⲟⲗⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The devil speaks directly to the old man, offering a series of replacements if one person refuses. This underscores the devil's persistence in temptation.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲃⲃⲁ","severity":"info","text":"The Greek/Syriac honorific 'Abba' is retained in the Coptic text, indicating the formal address for Macarius.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ","severity":"info","text":"The old man (ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ) is a distinct character from Abba Macarius; the dialogue shifts between them, with the devil as an interlocutor.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁⲩⲉⲣ ⲁⲅⲣⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'they have all become wild against me' (ⲁⲩⲉⲣ ⲁⲅⲣⲓⲟⲥ) likely refers to the monks or community turning hostile, a common trope in desert ascetic literature.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲓ- (-ⲗ︦ⲋ︦-) ⲙⲱⲓⲧ","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic text has a lacuna or scribal insertion (-ⲗ︦ⲋ︦-) before ⲙⲱⲓⲧ ('path'), possibly a numeral or abbreviation; the reading 'path' is conjectural.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of 'the old man' (ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ) is ambiguous; he may be a separate figure or a title for Macarius himself. The text treats him as distinct from Abba Macarius in the dialogue.","The lacuna (-ⲗ︦ⲋ︦-) before ⲙⲱⲓⲧ is unclear; it may be a numeral or an abbreviation, and the exact phrase is uncertain."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[{"kind":"structure","severity":"info","label":"dialogue","text":"Classified as dialogue from the Coptic cues."}]},{"i":32,"ref":"p32","source":"ⲛⲓⲥⲛⲏⲟⲩ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲙⲙⲟⲛ ϩⲗⲓ ⲉⲣⲁⲛⲉⲭⲉⲥⲑⲁⲓ ⲙⲙⲟⲓ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁϥⲉⲣ ⲟⲩⲱ ⲛϫⲉ\nⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲓⲉ ⲙⲙⲟⲛ ϩⲗⲓ ⲛϣⲫⲏⲣ ⲛⲧⲁⲕ ⲙⲙⲁⲩ ⲁⲛ.\nⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁϥⲉⲣ ⲟⲩⲱ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲗⲁⲟⲩⲁⲓ ⲛϣⲫⲏⲣ ⲛⲧⲏⲓ ⲉⲧⲭⲏ ⲙⲙⲁⲩ ⲟⲩⲟϩ\nⲛⲑⲟϥ ⲉⲧⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ ⲛⲥⲱⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉϣⲱⲡ ⲛⲧⲉϥⲛⲁⲩ ⲉⲣⲟⲓ ϥⲕⲱϯ ⲙⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲛⲟⲩⲁⲛⲉⲃⲓ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲓⲙ ⲉⲣⲉⲛϥ (sic). ⲛⲑⲟϥ ⲇⲉ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲑⲉⲟⲡⲉⲙⲡⲧⲟⲥ ⲡⲉ ⲡⲉϥⲣⲁⲛ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁϥϫⲉ ⲛⲁⲓ ⲁϥϣⲉ ⲛⲁϥ\nⲁϥⲧⲱⲛϥ ⲇⲉ ⲛϫⲉ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲁϥϣⲉ ⲛⲁϥ ⲉϧⲟⲩⲛ ⲉⲡϣⲁϥⲉ ⲉⲧⲥⲁϧⲟⲩⲛ\nⲙⲙⲟϥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁ ⲛⲓⲥⲛⲏⲟⲩ ⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ ⲁⲩϭⲓ ⲛϩⲁⲛ ⲃⲁⲓ ⲁⲩⲓ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ϧⲁϫⲱϥ\nⲗⲟⲓⲡⲟⲛ ⲡⲓⲟⲩⲁⲓ ⲡⲓⲟⲩⲁⲓ ⲛⲁϥⲥⲟⲃϯ ⲙⲙⲟϥ ⲡⲉ ⲉϥⲙⲉⲩⲓ ϫⲉ ⲉϥⲛⲁⲙⲧⲟⲛ\nⲙⲙⲟϥ ϧⲁⲧⲟⲧϥ (-ⲗ︦ⲍ︦-) ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲉϥⲏⲓ. ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲇⲉ ⲉⲧⲁϥϣⲓⲛⲓ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ϫⲉ\nⲡⲓⲥⲟⲛ ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲙⲟⲩϯ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ϫⲉ ⲑⲉⲟⲡⲉⲙⲡⲧⲟⲥ ϥⲭⲏ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲁⲓⲧⲱⲟⲩ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ\nⲉⲧⲁϥϫⲉⲙϥ ⲁϥϩⲱⲗ ⲉⲧⲉϥⲣⲓ. ⲑⲉⲟⲡⲉⲙⲡⲧⲟⲥ ⲇⲉ ⲁϥϣⲟⲡϥ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲣⲁϣⲓ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲟⲩⲉⲣⲟⲩⲟⲧ. ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲇⲉ ⲁϥⲉⲣ ϩⲏⲧⲥ ⲛϩⲓⲟⲓ ⲛⲉⲙⲁϥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲛⲓϣⲓⲛⲓ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲉⲕⲙⲉⲩⲓ ⲡⲁⲥⲟⲛ. ⲛⲑⲟϥ ⲇⲉ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ\nⲧⲱⲃϩ ⲉϫⲱⲓ ϯⲉⲣ ϣⲁⲩ. ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲙⲏ ⲛⲓⲙⲉⲩⲓ ϯ ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲕ.\nⲛⲑⲟϥ ⲇⲉ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲧⲉⲱⲥ ϯⲉⲣ ϣⲁⲩ ⲛⲁϥϣⲫⲓⲧ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲡⲉ ⲉϫⲟⲥ. ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲧⲉⲱⲥ ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ϯϧⲉⲛ ⲧⲁⲓⲏⲡⲓ ⲛⲣⲟⲙⲡⲓ ⲉⲓⲉⲣⲁⲥⲕⲉⲓⲛ ⲟⲩⲟϩ","english":"The brothers, and none of them could resist me. And Abba Macarius answered and said, \"Is there none of your brothers here with you?\" And he answered and said, \"There is one of my brothers who lives there, and he listens to me, and when he sees me, he turns around like a wheel.\" And the old man said to him, \"And who is he?\" He said to him, \"Theopemptos is his name.\" And when he said these things, he went away. Then Abba Macarius arose and went into the desert within it. And when the brothers heard, they took some palm branches and came out before him. Each one prepared himself, thinking that he would rest with him in his house. But the old man, when he inquired, said, \"The brother who is called Theopemptos, he is in this mountain.\" And when he found him, he embraced his cell. Theopemptos received him with joy and gladness. The old man set out on the road with him and said to him, \"The inquiries of your mind, my brother.\" He said to him, \"Pray for me, I am weary.\" The old man said to him, \"Do you think I am with you?\" He said, \"Truly, I am weary, for it is difficult to say.\" The old man said to him, \"Truly, I am in this age of years, I practice asceticism, and...","structure":"dialogue","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic text uses the Greek-derived title ⲁⲃⲃⲁ (Abba) for Macarius, a standard honorific in monastic literature. The name ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ is the Greek Μακάριος, meaning 'blessed'.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲑⲉⲟⲡⲉⲙⲡⲧⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The name ⲑⲉⲟⲡⲉⲙⲡⲧⲟⲥ is a Coptic rendering of Greek Θεόπεμπτος, meaning 'sent by God'. It is a personal name, not a title.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage continues the dialogue between Abba Macarius and a devil, then shifts to Macarius seeking the monk Theopemptos. The narrative alternates between direct speech and action, typical of Coptic monastic hagiography.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'he turns around like a wheel' (ϥⲕⲱϯ ⲙⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲛⲟⲩⲁⲛⲉⲃⲓ) is a simile for avoidance or instability, common in ascetic literature to describe a monk who flees temptation or the devil.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲉⲣⲉⲛϥ","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic ⲉⲣⲉⲛϥ is likely a scribal error or variant for ⲉⲣⲉ ⲡⲉϥⲣⲁⲛ (what is his name). The English draft reads 'who is he', but the Coptic is ambiguous.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The story of Macarius and Theopemptos is part of the Coptic monastic tradition, preserved in manuscripts like the one edited by Amélineau. It reflects the theme of spiritual guidance and the struggle against demonic temptation.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The Coptic ⲉⲣⲉⲛϥ is unclear; it may be a scribal error for ⲉⲣⲉ ⲡⲉϥⲣⲁⲛ (what is his name). The English draft interprets it as 'who is he'.","The phrase ⲧⲉⲱⲥ (truly) appears twice; its exact nuance in context is uncertain, possibly emphatic or concessive."],"confidence":"high","notes":[{"kind":"structure","severity":"info","label":"dialogue","text":"Classified as dialogue from the Coptic cues."}]},{"i":33,"ref":"p33","source":"ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ ⲉⲣⲧⲓⲙⲁⲛ ⲙⲙⲟⲓ ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ϧⲁ ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲡⲓⲡ︦ⲛ︦ⲁ︦ ⲛⲧⲉ ϯⲡⲟⲣⲛⲉⲓⲁ\nϯϧⲓⲥⲓ ⲛⲏⲓ. ⲁϥⲉⲣ ⲟⲩⲱ ⲛϫⲉ ⲑⲉⲟⲡⲉⲙⲡⲧⲟⲥ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲙⲁ ⲧⲉⲛϩⲟⲩⲧ\nⲡⲁⲓⲱⲧ ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ϩⲱ. ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ϫⲉ ⲉⲁϥϯ ⲙⲁ ⲛⲁϥ ⲉⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲁϥϫⲉ ϩⲁⲛ ⲕⲉⲙⲉⲩⲓ\nⲉⲩϯ ⲛⲉⲙⲁϥ ϣⲁⲧⲉϥⲉⲣⲟⲙⲟⲗⲟⲅⲉⲓⲛ. ⲉⲓⲧⲁ ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲉⲕⲉⲣⲛⲏⲥⲧⲉⲩⲉⲓⲛ ⲛⲁϣ ⲛⲣⲏϯ. ⲛⲑⲟϥ ⲇⲉ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ϫⲉ ϣⲁ ⲁϫⲡ ⲑ̄ϯ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲉϫⲉ\nⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲁ‐ (-ⲗⲏ-) ⲣⲓ ⲛⲏⲥⲧⲉⲩⲉⲓⲛ ϣⲁ ⲣⲟⲩϩⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲣⲓ ⲁⲥⲕⲉⲓⲛ\nⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲣⲓ ⲁⲡⲟⲥⲑⲏⲧⲏⲥ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲉⲩⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲓⲟⲛ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲡⲕⲉⲥⲉⲉⲡⲓ ⲛⲛⲓⲅⲣⲁⲫⲏ\nⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉϣⲱⲡ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲟⲩⲙⲉⲩⲓ ⲓ ⲉⲣⲟⲕ ⲙⲡⲉⲣϫⲟⲩϣⲧ ⲉϧⲣⲏⲓ ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ϫⲟⲩϣⲧ\nⲉⲡϣⲱⲓ ⲛⲛⲁϥ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲫϯ ⲛⲁⲉⲣⲃⲟⲏⲑⲉⲓⲛ ⲉⲣⲟⲕ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁ ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ\nϯ ⲙⲡⲓⲥⲁⲕ ⲙⲡⲓⲥⲟⲛ ⲁϥϣⲉ ⲛⲁϥ ⲉⲡⲉⲧⲉ ⲫⲱϥ ⲛϣⲁϥⲉ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉϥϯ ⲛⲓⲁⲧϥ\nⲙⲡⲓⲙⲱⲓⲧ ⲛϫⲉ ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲁϥⲛⲁⲩ ⲟⲛ ⲉⲡⲓⲇⲁⲓⲙⲱⲛ ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲙⲁⲩ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲁⲕⲛⲁ ⲉⲑⲱⲛ. ⲛⲑⲟϥ ⲇⲉ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲉⲓⲟⲩⲱϣ ⲉϯ ⲫⲙⲉⲩⲓ\nⲛⲛⲓⲥⲛⲏⲟⲩ. ϩⲱⲥ ⲇⲉ ⲟⲩⲛ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲧⲁⲥⲑⲟ ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲓⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲛⲓϣⲓⲛⲓ ⲛⲧⲉ\nⲛⲓⲥⲛⲏⲟⲩ ϩⲁⲛ ⲟⲩ ⲛⲉ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲕⲁⲕⲱⲥ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲉⲑⲃⲉ ⲟⲩ. ⲛⲑⲟϥ ⲇⲉ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲁⲩⲉⲣ ⲁⲅⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲉⲣⲟⲓ\nⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲓⲛⲓϣϯ ⲙⲡⲉⲧϩⲱⲟⲩ ⲉⲧⲁϥϣⲱⲡⲓ ϫⲉ ⲡⲓⲕⲉⲟⲩⲁⲓ ⲛϣⲫⲏⲣ ⲛⲧⲏⲓ","english":"all of them, none could resist me, I, under the old man, the spiritual one of fornication, causing me toil. The opponent answered and said to him, \"Give me the male, my father, I also.\" The old man, having given him place to speak, said some other thoughts that were given to him until he confessed. Then the old man said to him, \"How do you fast?\" He said, \"Until the ninth hour.\" And the old man said to him, \"Fast until evening, and practice asceticism, and be an apostle in the Gospel and the rest of the Scriptures, and if a thought comes to you, do not look down, but look up to all of them, and God will help you.\" And when the old man gave the blessing to the brother, he went to his own desert, and the old man, following him with his eyes, also saw that demon there, and said to him, \"Where are you going?\" He said to him, \"I wish to give the thought to the brothers.\" But when he was hindered, the saint said to him, \"What are the inquiries of the brothers?\" He said to him, \"Badly.\" And the old man said to him, \"Why?\" He said to him, \"They all became wild against me, and the great evil that happened is that the other companion of the house...","structure":"dialogue","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲓⲡ︦ⲛ︦ⲁ︦ ⲛⲧⲉ ϯⲡⲟⲣⲛⲉⲓⲁ","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'the spiritual one of fornication' likely refers to a demon of lust, personifying the vice. The Coptic ⲡⲛⲁ (pneuma) can mean 'spirit' or 'spiritual being'.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁⲣⲓ ⲁⲡⲟⲥⲑⲏⲧⲏⲥ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲉⲩⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲓⲟⲛ","severity":"info","text":"The command 'be an apostle in the Gospel' echoes the apostolic mission in the New Testament, possibly alluding to the Great Commission (Matthew 28:19-20) or the call to preach the Gospel.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁⲣⲓ ⲁⲥⲕⲉⲓⲛ","severity":"info","text":"The term 'practice asceticism' (ⲁⲥⲕⲉⲓⲛ) reflects the monastic discipline of askesis, central to the desert tradition. The old man's advice combines fasting, scripture study, and spiritual vigilance.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage continues the dialogue between the old man (Abba Macarius) and the demon, shifting from confrontation to instruction. The demon's confession and the old man's counsel form a didactic exchange typical of apophthegmata.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁ‐ (-ⲗⲏ-) ⲣⲓ ⲛⲏⲥⲧⲉⲩⲉⲓⲛ","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic text has a lacuna or scribal insertion (-ⲗⲏ-), making the exact reading uncertain. The English draft interprets it as 'fast until evening', but the original may have been longer or corrupt.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The demon's complaint that the brothers 'all became wild against me' reflects the hagiographic trope of demons frustrated by monastic virtue. This motif appears in other Coptic desert father narratives.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of 'the old man' is not explicitly named in this passage, but context from the work metadata and previous passage identifies him as Abba Macarius.","The phrase 'the other companion of the house' is incomplete in the English draft; the Coptic breaks off, leaving the referent unclear."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[{"kind":"structure","severity":"info","label":"dialogue","text":"Classified as dialogue from the Coptic cues."}]},{"i":34,"ref":"p34","source":"ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲙⲁⲩ ⲉⲧⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ ⲛⲥⲱⲓ ⲛϯⲉⲙⲓ ⲁⲛ ϫⲉ ⲡⲱⲥ ⲁϥⲫⲱⲛϩ ⲟⲩⲇⲉ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲛⲑⲟϥ\nϥⲑⲏⲧ ⲛϩⲏⲧ ⲛⲉⲙⲏⲓ ⲁⲛ ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ⲁϥⲉⲣ ⲁⲅⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲉϩⲟⲧⲉ ⲣⲱⲟⲩ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ (-ⲗ︦ⲑ︦-)\nⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲓⲱⲣⲕ ⲉϣⲧⲉⲙϩⲱⲙⲓ ⲣⲁⲧ ⲙⲙⲁⲩ ϫⲉ ⲉⲃⲏⲗ ⲙⲉⲛⲉⲛⲥⲁ ⲟⲩⲥⲏⲟⲩ.\nⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲁⲓ ⲉⲧⲁϥϫⲟⲧⲟⲩ ⲁϥϩⲱⲗ ⲁϥⲭⲁ ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲓⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲁϥϩⲱⲗ\nⲉϧⲟⲩⲛ ⲉⲧⲉϥⲣⲓ. ⲉⲟⲩⲱⲟⲩ ⲙⲫⲓⲱⲧ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲡϣⲏⲣⲓ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲡⲓⲡ︦ⲛ︦ⲁ︦ ⲉⲑⲟⲩⲁⲃ ϣⲁ\nⲉⲛⲉϩ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲛⲓⲉⲛⲉϩ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲁⲙⲏⲛ.\nⲡⲟ︦ⲥ︦ ⲛⲁⲓ ⲙⲡⲉⲕⲃⲱⲕ ⲙⲁⲧⲟⲓ.","english":"there, those who hear me do not know how he fled, for he himself is not mindful of me, but he became wilder than all of them (—39—). And I swore not to stay there for a time. And these things he cut off, he withdrew, he left the old man, and the holy one withdrew into his cell. Glory to the Father and the Son and the Holy Spirit, now and forever and ever, amen. Lord, have mercy on your servant, the soldier.","structure":"doxology","commentary":[{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The passage ends with a doxology: 'Glory to the Father and the Son and the Holy Spirit' followed by 'amen', marking the close of the homily.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲙⲏⲛ","severity":"info","text":"The transliterated Hebrew 'amen' is left untranslated in the liturgy and doxologies, as per the pinned glossary.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"external","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The closing formula 'Lord, have mercy on your servant, the soldier' is a typical liturgical petition in Coptic homilies, often addressed to Christ or God.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.macarius-ap","label":"source edition: Macarius AP","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Macarius%20AP%20Results/AP%20Macarius%20OCR%20Output/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic phrase ⲁϥⲉⲣ ⲁⲅⲣⲓⲟⲥ (he became wild) is ambiguous: it may refer to the demon's intensified hostility or to the old man's reaction; the English draft takes it as the demon.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The subject of ⲁϥⲉⲣ ⲁⲅⲣⲓⲟⲥ (he became wild) is not explicit; the context suggests the demon, but the old man is also possible.","The phrase ⲛⲁⲓ ⲉⲧⲁϥϫⲟⲧⲟⲩ (these things he cut off) could refer to the demon's words or to the old man's actions; the English draft interprets it as the demon cutting off his speech."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[{"kind":"structure","severity":"info","label":"doxology","text":"Classified as doxology from the Coptic cues."},{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲁⲙⲏⲛ","text":"ⲁⲙⲏⲛ → “amen”. Transliterated Hebrew, left untranslated in the liturgy and in the doxologies that close a homily."}]}]}