{"slug":"amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","id":"coptic:coptic-ocr:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","title":"Life of Macarius the Great","author":"Anonymous","genre":"hagiography","date":"","tradition":"coptic","coverage":"unknown","publication":{"status":"machine-draft","reviewed_by":null,"model":"deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash:floor","provider":"Relace","generated":"2026-11-14T04:23:17Z","cost_usd":0.057485},"source":{"registry_id":"coptic:coptic-ocr:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","work_id":"amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","edition":"coptic-ocr","license":"GNU GPL-3.0","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"},"stats":{"passages":74,"english_words":15625,"coptic_letters":44990,"commentary_units":412,"commentary_kinds":9,"derived_notes":47,"ambiguities":146,"work_notes":5,"external_links":3,"timeline":5},"summary":{"work":"amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","abstract":"The Life of Macarius the Great is a Coptic hagiography recounting the life of Abba Macarius, a fourth-century Egyptian desert father renowned for his asceticism and spiritual wisdom. The text, attributed to Abba Serapion, presents Macarius as a luminary and spirit-bearer, drawing parallels between his recording and Moses recording the Law. It blends historical memory with theological ideals, emphasizing Macarius's role in the monastic tradition and his struggles against evil. The work survives in fragmentary Coptic manuscripts, likely translated from a lost Greek original, and was edited by Émile Amélineau in the late nineteenth century. It serves to edify and inspire monastic communities, reflecting the high formal register of Coptic with biblical echoes.","historical_context":"The Life of Macarius the Great was likely composed in the late fourth or early fifth century, shortly after Macarius's death around 390 CE, within Egyptian monastic circles. The Coptic version, however, may date from a later period, as it survives in fragmentary manuscripts transmitted through Coptic-speaking monasteries. The text is a translation from a lost Greek original, common for hagiographies of this era, and was later edited by Émile Amélineau from Coptic sources in the late nineteenth century. The work belongs to the genre of hagiography, intended to edify and inspire, blending historical memory with ascetic ideals. It reflects the high, formal register of Coptic, with biblical echoes and hagiographic topoi, and was used in monastic settings for spiritual formation. The attribution to Abba Serapion, bishop of Emmaus and disciple of Antony, suggests a connection to the wider desert father tradition, though this is uncertain due to scribal additions and lacunae.","significance":"The Life of Macarius the Great is significant as a key witness to the development of Egyptian monastic hagiography and the veneration of desert fathers. It relates to the broader tradition of lives of the saints, such as the Life of Antony, and reflects the theological and ascetic ideals of fourth-century monasticism. The text's transmission from Greek to Coptic and its survival in fragmentary form highlight the challenges of studying early Christian literature, while its editing by Amélineau underscores its importance in modern scholarship.","timeline":[{"date":"c. 390 CE","event":"Death of Macarius the Great, likely prompting the composition of his life."},{"date":"Late 4th–early 5th c.","event":"Probable composition of the original Greek Life of Macarius."},{"date":"5th–7th c.","event":"Translation into Coptic and transmission in monastic circles."},{"date":"Late 19th c.","event":"Émile Amélineau edits and translates the Coptic text into French."},{"date":"Undated","event":"Present English translation based on Amélineau's edition."}],"relations":[{"work":"Life of Antony","relation":"Similar hagiographic genre and desert father tradition; attributed to Athanasius, likely influenced this work.","key":"","label":null,"url":null},{"work":"Apophthegmata Patrum","relation":"Shares sayings and stories of Macarius, reflecting oral and written monastic traditions.","key":"","label":null,"url":null},{"work":"Historia Monachorum in Aegypto","relation":"Contemporary monastic travelogue that includes accounts of Macarius.","key":"","label":null,"url":null},{"work":"Palladius, Lausiac History","relation":"Another early source on Macarius and Egyptian monasticism.","key":"","label":null,"url":null},{"work":"Coptic hagiographical corpus","relation":"Part of a larger body of Coptic saints' lives, often translated from Greek.","key":"","label":null,"url":null}],"external_links":[{"key":"wikipedia:Macarius of Egypt","label":"Macarius of Egypt","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macarius_of_Egypt","reason":"Provides historical background on the saint and his context."},{"key":"wikipedia:Coptic literature","label":"Coptic literature","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coptic_literature","reason":"Contextualizes the language and transmission of the text."},{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"Amélineau's edition of the Life of Macarius","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt","reason":"Primary source for the English translation."}],"cautions":["The date of composition is uncertain; the notes suggest late fourth or early fifth century but the Coptic version may be later.","Authorship attributed to Abba Serapion is traditional and not historically verified.","The text survives in fragmentary Coptic manuscripts with scribal additions and lacunae, affecting historical reliability.","The Coptic version is a translation from a lost Greek original, introducing potential alterations."],"model":"deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash:floor","provider":"Relace","cost_usd":0.000539,"generated":"2026-11-14T03:32:32Z"},"checks":{"work":"amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","status":"pass","blocking":[],"warnings":[],"stats":{"passages":74,"translated":74,"commentary_passages":74,"commentary_units":412,"english_words":15625,"coptic_letters":44990,"commentary_kinds":9},"model":"deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash:floor"},"work_notes":[{"unit":"transmission","kind":"transmission","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The sole surviving Coptic manuscript is a late copy, likely from the 10th–11th century, preserving a text that may have undergone monastic redaction.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"dating","kind":"chronology","basis":"background","lemma":"","severity":"caution","text":"The work claims to describe events of the 4th century, but its composition date is uncertain; internal evidence suggests a 5th- or 6th-century origin.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"external","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This Life was incorporated into the Coptic Synaxarion for the commemoration of Macarius on 27 Baramhat, indicating its liturgical use.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"sense","kind":"sense","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"caution","text":"The edition is based on a single damaged manuscript; lacunae and scribal errors may obscure the original wording in several passages.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"sense","kind":"sense","basis":"background","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The text was first edited by É. Amélineau from a Bohairic Coptic manuscript in the Bibliothèque Nationale, Paris.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":["Amélineau 1894"],"dropped_cites":[]}],"derived_work_notes":[{"kind":"limit","severity":"caution","text":"The English is a machine draft produced passage by passage from the transcribed Coptic; no human has verified it. The commentary is model-written and cites only keys the pipeline could resolve."},{"kind":"register","severity":"info","text":"Register: hagiography in Sahidic Coptic; the English keeps the liturgical formulae and the vocatives rather than normalising them."},{"kind":"structure","severity":"info","text":"Passages: 64 narrative, 9 dialogue, 1 doxology."},{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","text":"25 glossary term(s) recorded at first occurrence from a curated list of 53; the term index below gives the rendering and the count."},{"kind":"scripture","severity":"info","text":"1 scriptural phrase match(es) noted: Luke 1:28."},{"kind":"source","severity":"info","text":"Source edition: coptic-ocr — GNU GPL-3.0"}],"derived_structure":{"narrative":64,"dialogue":9,"doxology":1},"term_index":[{"coptic":"ⲁⲃⲃⲁ","english":"Abba","count":62,"first_passage":1,"note":"The Greek/Syriac form of address, kept where the Coptic keeps it."},{"coptic":"ⲉⲕⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ","english":"church","count":12,"first_passage":7,"note":"The building, the congregation, and the institution all take this word; the context decides, and 'assembly' is rare outside citations of Acts."},{"coptic":"ⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ","english":"holy","count":11,"first_passage":5,"note":"Adjectivally 'holy'; with the article as a noun it names a saint, and in the plural the saints as a body."},{"coptic":"ⲥⲙⲟⲩ","english":"bless","count":10,"first_passage":11,"note":"The Coptic verb covers both 'bless' and 'praise'; the object decides — God is praised, a person is blessed."},{"coptic":"ⲥⲱⲙⲁ","english":"body","count":9,"first_passage":42,"note":"In martyrdom accounts ⲥⲱⲙⲁ after death is the corpse; in ascetic literature it is the body as the site of struggle."},{"coptic":"ϩⲙⲟⲧ","english":"grace","count":7,"first_passage":8,"note":"The unearned favour of God; 'favour' where a human patron is meant."},{"coptic":"ϣⲗⲏⲗ","english":"pray","count":7,"first_passage":16,"note":""},{"coptic":"ⲯⲩⲭⲏ","english":"soul","count":5,"first_passage":17,"note":"Greek ψυχή; 'life' where the sense is the living person rather than the soul that survives death."},{"coptic":"ⲁⲅⲁⲡⲏ","english":"love","count":4,"first_passage":19,"note":"Greek ἀγάπη. The liturgical meal sense ('agape') is technical and should not be flattened to 'love'."},{"coptic":"ⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ","english":"angel","count":3,"first_passage":7,"note":"Greek ἄγγελος; 'messenger' only where a human envoy is meant (rare in this corpus)."},{"coptic":"ⲉⲓⲣⲏⲛⲏ","english":"peace","count":3,"first_passage":15,"note":"Greek εἰρήνη. ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲉⲓⲣⲏⲛⲏ in a colophon is the liturgical formula 'in peace', not a comment on civil order."},{"coptic":"ⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ","english":"bishop","count":2,"first_passage":1,"note":""},{"coptic":"ⲁⲙⲏⲛ","english":"amen","count":2,"first_passage":1,"note":"Transliterated Hebrew, left untranslated in the liturgy and in the doxologies that close a homily."},{"coptic":"ⲇⲓⲁⲃⲟⲗⲟⲥ","english":"devil","count":2,"first_passage":4,"note":"Greek διάβολος; the personified adversary in hagiography. 'Slanderer' is the etymological sense and is not used in this corpus."},{"coptic":"ⲥⲁⲧⲁⲛⲁⲥ","english":"Satan","count":2,"first_passage":4,"note":""},{"coptic":"ⲗⲁⲟⲥ","english":"people","count":2,"first_passage":14,"note":"Greek λαός. In liturgical description it is the congregation as distinct from the clergy, i.e. the laity."},{"coptic":"ⲡⲣⲉⲥⲃⲩⲧⲉⲣⲟⲥ","english":"presbyter","count":2,"first_passage":19,"note":"Greek πρεσβύτερος. 'Presbyter' where the clerical order is at issue; 'elder' where the sense is seniority."},{"coptic":"ⲕⲁⲣⲡⲟⲥ","english":"fruit","count":2,"first_passage":39,"note":"Greek καρπός; in homiletic allegory the fruit is a virtue or a work, and the note should say so rather than leaving 'fruit' literal."},{"coptic":"ⲟⲩⲱϣⲧ","english":"worship","count":2,"first_passage":40,"note":"ⲟⲩⲱϣⲧ is to bow or prostrate in worship, distinct from ⲟⲩⲱϣ 'to wish'. The gesture matters in martyrdom scenes before an official."},{"coptic":"ⲡⲁⲣⲑⲉⲛⲟⲥ","english":"virgin","count":1,"first_passage":23,"note":"Greek παρθένος. In Marian texts the technical sense is fixed; the non-technical 'young woman' belongs to Greek, not to the Coptic usage."},{"coptic":"ⲙⲁⲑⲏⲧⲏⲥ","english":"disciple","count":1,"first_passage":39,"note":""},{"coptic":"ⲁⲡⲁ","english":"Apa","count":1,"first_passage":39,"note":"A title of a monastic father. Left as 'Apa' because it is a form of address, and 'father' would collide with the biological sense in the same sentence."},{"coptic":"ⲡⲓⲥⲧⲓⲥ","english":"faith","count":1,"first_passage":60,"note":"Greek πίστις; 'faithfulness' where the sense is reliability rather than assent."},{"coptic":"ⲉⲩⲗⲟⲅⲓⲁ","english":"blessing","count":1,"first_passage":61,"note":"Greek εὐλογία. In monastic and liturgical texts the concrete sense is the blessed bread given to visitors; the abstract sense is a blessing."},{"coptic":"ⲁⲡⲟⲥⲧⲟⲗⲟⲥ","english":"apostle","count":1,"first_passage":73,"note":""}],"citations":{"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great":{"label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}},"segments":[{"i":1,"ref":"p1","source":"ⲫⲃⲓⲟⲥ ⲙⲡⲓⲛⲓϣϯ ⲙⲫⲱⲥⲧⲏⲣ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲙⲡⲛ︦ⲁ︦ⲧⲟⲫⲟⲣⲟⲥ ⲉⲧϫⲏⲕ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ϧⲉⲛ\nⲁⲣⲉⲧⲏ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲫⲓⲱⲧ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲁⲣⲭⲏⲅⲟⲥ ⲛⲛⲓⲙⲟⲛⲁⲭⲟⲥ\nⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲓⲧⲱⲟⲩ ⲉⲑⲟⲩⲁⲃ ⲛⲧⲉ ϣⲓⲏⲧ ⲉⲁϥϩⲓⲥⲧⲟⲣⲉⲓⲛ ⲙⲙⲟϥ ⲛϫⲉ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲥⲁⲣⲁⲡⲓⲱⲛ ⲡⲓⲟⲥⲓⲱⲧⲁⲧⲟⲥ ⲛⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ ⲛⲧⲉ ϯⲃⲁⲕⲓ ⲉⲙⲙⲁⲓ ⲭⲣⲥ ⲑⲙⲟⲩⲓ ⲡⲓⲙⲁⲑⲏⲧⲏⲥ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲁⲛⲧⲱⲛⲓⲟⲥ ⲡⲓⲡⲛ︦ⲁ︦ⲧⲟⲫⲟⲣⲟⲥ. ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩϩⲓⲣⲏⲛⲏ ⲛⲧⲉ\nⲫ︦ϯ︦ ⲁⲙⲏⲛ. ⲛⲏ ⲙⲉⲛ ⲉⲧⲁϥϩⲓⲥⲧⲟⲣⲓⲛ ⲛϫⲉ ⲡⲓⲃⲱⲕ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲫ︦ϯ︦ ⲙⲱⲩⲥⲏⲥ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲡⲓⲛⲟⲙⲟⲥ\nⲉⲧⲁϥϭⲓⲧϥ ⲛⲧⲉⲛ ⲫ︦ϯ︦ ⲉⲑⲃⲉ ⲡⲉⲛϩⲏⲟⲩ....... ⲉⲑⲃⲉ ϫⲉ ⲡⲓⲛⲟⲙⲟⲥ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲉⲣ\nϭⲁⲩ ⲙⲱⲓⲧ ⲛⲁⲛ ⲉⲡⲭⲥ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲡⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲛϯⲟⲓⲕⲟⲛⲟⲙⲓⲁ ⲙⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲉⲧⲁϥϫⲟⲥ\nⲛϫⲉ ⲡⲓⲁⲡⲟⲥⲧⲟⲗⲟⲥ ⲉⲑⲟⲩⲁⲃ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲏ ⲟⲛ ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲥϧⲏⲧⲟⲩ ⲙⲉⲛⲉⲛⲥⲁ ⲡⲓⲛⲟⲙⲟⲥ ⲉⲓⲧⲉ ⲛⲓⲕⲣⲓⲧⲏⲥ ⲉⲓⲧⲉ ⲛⲓⲡⲣⲟⲫⲏⲧⲏⲥ ⲉⲓⲧⲉ ⲛⲓⲙⲉⲧⲟⲩⲣⲱⲟⲩ ⲉⲓⲧⲉ ⲛⲓⲕⲉⲥⲱϫⲡ ⲁⲡⲗⲱⲥ ⲛϯⲡⲁⲗⲁⲓⲁ ⲛⲉⲙ ϯⲕⲁⲓⲛⲏ ⲛⲇⲓⲁⲑⲏⲕⲏ ⲥⲉⲟⲓ ⲛϩⲏⲟⲩ\nⲡⲓϩⲟⲩⲟ ⲉⲑⲃⲉ ϫⲉ ⲛⲁⲣⲉ ⲡⲓⲥⲁϫⲓ ϫⲟⲩϣⲧ ⲉⲡⲁⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ ⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲧϭⲓ ⲛϫⲓ\nⲥⲁⲣⲝ ⲙⲡⲉⲛⲥⲱⲧⲏⲣ ⲉⲑⲃⲉ ⲫⲁⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲥⲉⲙⲟⲩϯ ⲉϯⲅⲣⲁⲫⲏ ⲛⲁⲡⲁⲥ ϫⲉ ⲛⲟⲙⲟⲥ\nⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲉⲧⲥϧⲏⲟⲩⲧ ϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲓⲉⲩⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲓⲟⲛ ϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲓⲱⲧⲁ ⲓⲉ ⲟⲩϣⲱⲗϩ\nⲛⲛⲉϥⲥⲓⲛⲓ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲛⲟⲙⲟⲥ ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉ ⲛⲁⲓ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲉⲑⲃⲉ ⲫⲁⲓ ϫⲉ ⲉⲣⲉ\nⲡⲓⲓⲱⲧⲁ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲡⲓϣⲱⲗϩ ⲉⲩϯ ⲙⲏⲓⲛⲓ ⲉⲡⲧⲩⲡⲟⲥ ⲙⲡⲓⲥⲧⲁⲩⲣⲟⲥ ⲫⲁⲓ ⲉⲧⲁ\nⲡϫⲱⲕ ⲛⲛⲁⲓⲡⲣⲟⲫⲏⲧⲉⲓⲁ ⲉⲕⲁⲧⲁⲛⲧⲁⲛ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ ⲡⲟⲥ ⲫⲁⲓ\nⲉⲧⲁⲩⲁϣϥ ⲉϩⲣⲏⲓ ⲉϫⲱⲛ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁϥⲉⲣϩⲩⲡⲟⲙⲉⲛⲉⲓⲛ ⲉⲡⲙⲟⲩ ϧⲉⲛ ⲧⲥⲁⲣⲝ\nϣⲁⲛⲧⲉϥⲥⲱϯ ⲙⲙⲟⲛ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲡⲓⲕⲟⲥⲙⲟⲥ ⲧⲏⲣϥ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϩⲁ ⲡⲁⲙⲁϩⲓ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲓⲇⲓⲁⲃⲟⲗⲟⲥ.","english":"The life of the great luminary and the spirit-bearer who is perfect in all virtues, Abba Macarius the father and chief of the monks of the holy mountain of Scetis, which was recorded by Abba Serapion, the most holy bishop of the city of Emmaüs, the disciple of Abba Antony the spirit-bearer. In the peace of God, amen. Now those which Moses, the servant of God, recorded according to the law, which he received from God concerning our beginning... because the law which became a path for us to Christ according to the word of the economy, as the holy apostle said, and also those which were written after the law, whether the judges or the prophets or the kings or the other books, simply the Old and New Testaments, they are a beginning, especially because the word looks to this same bishop of the taking of the flesh of our Savior. For this reason, the scripture is called the law, according to the manner written in the Gospels, that an iota or a stroke of its letters from the law until all these things happen, because the iota and the stroke give a sign of the type of the cross, which the fulfillment of these prophecies accomplished through him who was sent down upon us and endured death in the flesh until he saved us and the whole world from the snare of the devil.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲃⲃⲁ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic retains the Greek/Syriac address 'Abba' (father) as a title of respect for monastic leaders, here applied to Macarius and Antony.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Greek loanword ⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ (episkopos) is rendered 'bishop' in the glossary; here it refers to Serapion of Emmaüs.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲙⲏⲛ","severity":"info","text":"The transliterated Hebrew ⲁⲙⲏⲛ (amen) closes the doxological opening, left untranslated in the Coptic liturgical tradition.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲓⲛⲟⲙⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The passage alludes to the Mosaic law as a path to Christ, echoing the apostle's teaching (likely Romans or Galatians) and the Gospel reference to an iota or stroke as a type of the cross.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲥⲁⲣⲁⲡⲓⲱⲛ","severity":"info","text":"Serapion of Emmaüs, a disciple of Antony, is credited as the author of this Life; Emmaüs is a city in Palestine, linking the text to a known monastic circle.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲉⲧⲁϥϩⲓⲥⲧⲟⲣⲉⲓⲛ","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic verb ⲉⲧⲁϥϩⲓⲥⲧⲟⲣⲉⲓⲛ (he recorded) is ambiguous: it may refer to Moses writing the law or to Serapion composing the Life; the syntax leaves the subject unclear.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The subject of ⲉⲧⲁϥϩⲓⲥⲧⲟⲣⲉⲓⲛ in the second sentence is ambiguous: it could be Moses or Serapion, though the context suggests Moses.","The phrase ⲉⲑⲃⲉ ⲡⲉⲛϩⲏⲟⲩ (concerning our beginning) is fragmentary; the ellipsis in the Coptic indicates a lacuna or incomplete thought."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ","text":"ⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ → “bishop”. Standard rendering; first occurrence is noted here, the term recurs below."},{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲁⲙⲏⲛ","text":"ⲁⲙⲏⲛ → “amen”. Transliterated Hebrew, left untranslated in the liturgy and in the doxologies that close a homily."},{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲁⲃⲃⲁ","text":"ⲁⲃⲃⲁ → “Abba”. The Greek/Syriac form of address, kept where the Coptic keeps it."}]},{"i":2,"ref":"p2","source":"ⲛⲏ ⲇⲉ ϩⲱⲟⲩ ⲉⲧⲁⲩϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲛⲣⲉϥϣⲉⲙϣⲓ ⲙⲡⲓⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲧⲥⲃⲱ\nⲙⲡⲉⲛⲛⲏⲃ ⲁⲓⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲉⲛⲓⲁⲡⲟⲥⲧⲟⲗⲟⲥ ⲉⲑⲟⲩⲁⲃ ⲛⲁⲓ ⲉⲧⲁ ⲡⲟⲩϧⲣⲱⲟⲩ ⲓ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϩⲓϫⲉⲛ ⲡⲕⲁϩⲓ ⲧⲏⲣϥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲩϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲛⲟⲩϫⲁⲓ ⲛϯⲟⲓⲕⲟⲩⲙⲉⲛⲏ ⲧⲏⲣⲥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ\nⲟⲛ ⲛⲓⲕⲉⲭⲱⲟⲩⲛⲓ ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲓ ⲙⲉⲛⲉⲛⲥⲁ ⲛⲁⲓ ⲉⲩⲟⲩⲉϩ ⲛⲥⲁ ⲛⲁⲓϣⲉⲛⲧⲁⲧⲥⲓ\nⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧ ⲛⲧⲉ ϯⲙⲉⲧⲑⲉⲟⲥⲉⲃⲏⲥ ⲉⲩⲉⲣⲁⲅⲱⲛⲓⲍⲉⲥⲑⲁⲓ ϧⲉⲛ ϫⲟⲙ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲃⲉ","english":"Those who became servants of the word according to the teaching of our Lord spoke to the holy apostles, those whose sound went forth over the whole earth, and they became a salvation for the whole world. And also the other fathers who came after them, who followed these same footsteps of the one and only piety, they struggled with all their might against","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"sense","kind":"sense","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲛⲏ ⲇⲉ ϩⲱⲟⲩ ⲉⲧⲁⲩϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲛⲣⲉϥϣⲉⲙϣⲓ ⲙⲡⲓⲥⲁϫⲓ","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'those who became servants of the word' likely refers to the apostles or early evangelists, framing them as ministers of the divine message.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲧⲥⲃⲱ ⲙⲡⲉⲛⲛⲏⲃ","severity":"info","text":"ⲧⲥⲃⲱ ⲙⲡⲉⲛⲛⲏⲃ ('the teaching of our Lord') is a standard Coptic hagiographic formula for Christ's doctrine, emphasizing apostolic succession.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲛⲓⲁⲡⲟⲥⲧⲟⲗⲟⲥ ⲉⲑⲟⲩⲁⲃ","severity":"info","text":"The 'holy apostles' are presented as the first link in a chain of spiritual authority, a common trope in Coptic monastic literature to legitimize later figures like Macarius.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲛⲓⲕⲉⲭⲱⲟⲩⲛⲓ","severity":"info","text":"The transition from apostles to 'the other fathers' (ⲛⲓⲕⲉⲭⲱⲟⲩⲛⲓ) establishes a linear succession narrative, typical of hagiographic prefaces that anchor the saint in salvation history.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ϯⲙⲉⲧⲑⲉⲟⲥⲉⲃⲏⲥ","severity":"info","text":"ϯⲙⲉⲧⲑⲉⲟⲥⲉⲃⲏⲥ ('the one and only piety') is a calque from Greek θεοσέβεια, denoting orthodox devotion; the phrase underscores doctrinal continuity.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲉⲩⲉⲣⲁⲅⲱⲛⲓⲍⲉⲥⲑⲁⲓ","severity":"caution","text":"The verb ⲉⲣⲁⲅⲱⲛⲓⲍⲉⲥⲑⲁⲓ ('they struggled') is a Greek loanword (ἀγωνίζεσθαι); the Coptic text may be corrupt here, as the expected form would be ⲁⲩⲉⲣⲁⲅⲱⲛⲓⲍⲉⲥⲑⲁⲓ with a past tense prefix.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The Coptic phrase ⲛⲏ ⲇⲉ ϩⲱⲟⲩ could be read as 'those who' or 'these same ones'; the translation takes it as a general reference to the apostles.","The verb ⲉⲩⲉⲣⲁⲅⲱⲛⲓⲍⲉⲥⲑⲁⲓ lacks a clear tense marker, possibly a scribal error or a non-standard form."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":3,"ref":"p3","source":"ⲛⲓⲃⲱⲧⲥ ⲛⲉⲛⲁⲛⲧⲓⲟⲛ ⲉⲧϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲁⲓⲃⲓⲟⲥ ⲛⲥⲙⲟⲧ ⲛⲣⲁⲥⲟⲩⲓ ⲉⲩϫⲟⲩϣⲧ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϩⲁ\nⲧϩⲏ ⲛϯϩⲉⲗⲡⲓⲥ ⲛⲁⲧⲧⲁⲕⲟ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲉⲧⲁ ⲡⲟ︦ⲥ︦ ⲧⲥⲁⲃⲟⲛ ϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ ⲛⲉϥⲥⲃⲱⲟⲩⲓ ⲉⲑⲟⲩⲁⲃ ϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲓⲉⲩⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲓⲟⲛ ϩⲱⲥ ϫⲉ ϥϩⲉϫϩⲱϫ ⲛϫⲉ ⲡⲓⲙⲱⲓⲧ ⲉⲧϭⲓ\nⲉϧⲟⲩⲛ ⲉⲡⲱⲛϧ ϩⲁⲛ ⲕⲟⲩϫⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲡⲉ ⲉⲧⲛⲁϫⲉⲙϥ. ⲛⲁⲓ ⲟⲩⲛ ⲉϥⲥⲟⲙⲥ ⲉⲣⲱⲟⲩ\nⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉϥⲉⲣⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲁⲛ ⲛϧⲏⲧⲟⲩ ⲛϫⲉ ⲡⲉⲑⲟⲩⲁⲃ ⲙⲡⲛ︦ⲁ︦ⲧⲟⲫⲟⲣⲟⲥ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲁϥⲭⲟϩ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲭⲟϩ ⲛⲉⲛⲁⲛⲉϥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁϥⲉⲣⲁⲕⲟⲗⲟⲩⲑⲉⲓⲛ\nⲉⲣⲱⲟⲩ ⲉⲁϥϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲛϣⲟⲩⲉⲣ ϣⲫⲏⲣⲓ ⲙⲙⲟϥ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲡϩⲱⲃ ⲟⲩⲟϩ\nⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲇⲉ ⲟⲛ ⲉⲧⲉ ⲡⲓⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲛⲁⲧⲁⲙⲟⲛ ⲁⲛϣⲁⲛⲙⲟϣⲓ ⲉⲧϩⲏ ⲟⲩⲕⲟⲩⲛ\nⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲡⲉⲛⲥⲁϫⲓ ϩⲱⲛ ⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲛⲟⲩϩⲏⲟⲩ ⲛⲛⲓⲁⲕⲣⲟⲁⲧⲏⲥ ⲛⲧⲉ ϯⲙⲉⲧⲉⲩⲥⲉⲃⲏⲥ ⲁⲛϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲱⲛϩ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲉϩⲙⲟⲧ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲟ︦ⲥ︦ ⲛⲛⲓⲡⲟⲗⲓⲧⲉⲓⲁ\nⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲁⲓⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲁⲡⲟⲙⲉⲣⲱⲥ.\nⲡⲓⲛⲓϣϯ ⲇⲉ ⲟⲩⲛ ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲙⲁⲩ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲉⲧⲁⲛⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ ⲉⲛⲉⲛⲓⲟϯ ⲉⲧϧⲁϫⲱⲛ ⲛⲉ ⲟⲩ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲡⲉ ϧⲉⲛ ϩⲁⲛ ⲓⲟϯ ⲛⲉⲩⲥⲉⲃⲏⲥ ⲉⲩⲟⲛϧ\nϧⲉⲛ ϯϣⲁⲙϣⲉ ⲛⲟⲩϯ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲩⲉⲣⲡⲟⲗⲓⲧⲉⲩⲉⲥⲑⲉ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲡⲓⲛⲟⲙⲟⲥ ⲉⲩⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲓⲕⲟⲛ ⲉⲑⲟⲩⲁⲃ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲉϥⲓⲱⲧ ⲛⲉ ⲟⲩⲟⲩⲏⲃ ⲡⲉ ⲉϥⲙⲏⲛ ⲉⲡⲓⲙⲁ ⲛⲉⲣ ϣⲱⲟⲩϣⲓ\nⲛⲧⲉ ⲫ︦ϯ︦ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲛⲓϣϯ ⲙⲡⲣⲟⲑⲩⲙⲓⲁ ⲧⲉϥⲙⲁⲩ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲉ ⲟⲩⲡⲓⲥⲧⲏ ⲧⲉ ⲛⲣⲉϥⲉⲣ\nϩⲟϯ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲥⲙⲟϣⲓ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲙⲉⲧϣⲫⲓⲏϯ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲥⲉⲣⲥⲉⲃⲉⲥⲑⲁⲓ ⲙⲫ︦ϯ︦ ϧⲉⲛ","english":"The crowns of the contests which are in this life in the form of a race, they look out from the beginning toward the hope which is indestructible, according to the manner in which the Lord taught us through his holy teachings in the Gospels, that the path which leads into life is narrow, and few are those who will find it. These then, he who is holy, the Spirit-bearing Abba Macarius, meditated upon and practiced them, and he grew in a good growth and followed after them, having become a fellow traveler with them in word and deed. And also according to the manner in which the word will inform us, if we walk from the beginning a little, according to our own word, we will become a model of the ascetics of piety, if we reveal through the grace of the Lord the practices of this holy one, the perfect one.\n\nThe great one then, that Abba Macarius, according to what we have heard from our fathers who are before us, was from pious parents living in the worship of God and practicing according to the holy evangelical law, and his father was a priest, constant in the place of the service of God with great zeal. His mother was a faithful woman, a God-fearing one, walking in humility and reverencing God in","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲛⲓⲃⲱⲧⲥ ⲛⲉⲛⲁⲛⲧⲓⲟⲛ","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'crowns of the contests' (ⲛⲓⲃⲱⲧⲥ ⲛⲉⲛⲁⲛⲧⲓⲟⲛ) draws on athletic imagery common in early Christian ascetic literature, where the ascetic's struggle is likened to an athlete's contest (ἀγών) and the reward to a crown (στέφανος).","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲓⲙⲱⲓⲧ ⲉⲧϭⲓⲉϧⲟⲩⲛ ⲉⲡⲱⲛϧ","severity":"info","text":"The 'narrow path that leads into life' echoes Matthew 7:14 and John 14:6, where the way to salvation is described as narrow and few find it. The Coptic text explicitly attributes this teaching to the Lord in the Gospels.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The title 'Abba' (ⲁⲃⲃⲁ) is a Syriac/Greek honorific for a spiritual father, retained in the Coptic text. Here it introduces Macarius, the subject of the hagiography, as 'the Spirit-bearing' (ⲡⲉⲑⲟⲩⲁⲃ ⲙⲡⲛⲁⲧⲟⲫⲟⲣⲟⲥ).","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲓⲛⲟⲙⲟⲥ ⲉⲩⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲓⲕⲟⲛ","severity":"info","text":"The 'holy evangelical law' (ⲡⲓⲛⲟⲙⲟⲥ ⲉⲩⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲓⲕⲟⲛ) refers to the monastic rule or way of life derived from Gospel principles, a common concept in Coptic hagiography that frames the ascetic life as a direct imitation of Christ and the apostles.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage transitions from a general exhortation on the narrow path to a specific introduction of Macarius's parentage, following a typical hagiographic pattern: first a moral lesson, then the saint's origins as pious and priestly.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase 'ⲛⲁⲓ ⲟⲩⲛ ⲉϥⲥⲟⲙⲥ ⲉⲣⲱⲟⲩ' is ambiguous: it may mean 'these then, he meditated upon them' (as in the draft) or 'these then, he who is holy meditated upon them,' with the subject possibly being Macarius or a generic holy figure. The reading taken follows the draft's identification with Macarius."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":4,"ref":"p4","source":"ⲟⲩⲙⲟⲩⲛ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ. ⲛⲁⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲉ ϩⲁⲛ ⲑⲙⲏⲓ ⲛⲉ ⲙⲡⲃ︦ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲁⲣⲉ ⲡⲭ︦ⲥ︦ ϣⲟⲡ\nⲛⲉⲙⲱⲟⲩ ⲉⲩⲟⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲛϩⲉⲛⲟⲩϥⲓ ϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲓⲭⲣⲉⲓⲁ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲓⲃⲓⲟⲥ ⲉⲩⲥⲣⲱϥⲧ ⲇⲉ\nⲙⲁⲗⲗⲟⲛ ⲉⲡⲟⲩϫⲁⲓ ⲛⲛⲟⲩⲯⲩⲭⲏ ⲉⲁ ⲟⲩϣⲉⲣⲓ ⲇⲉ ϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲛⲱⲟⲩ ⲛϣⲟⲣⲡ\nⲙⲙⲓⲥⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁⲥⲁⲓⲁⲓ ⲛⲟⲩⲕⲟⲩϫⲓ ⲁ ⲡⲟ︦ⲥ︦ ϫⲉⲙ ⲡⲉⲥϣⲓⲛⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲥⲥⲓⲛⲓ\nⲉⲃⲟⲗϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲁⲓⲃⲓⲟⲥ. ⲡⲓⲙⲁⲓⲛⲟⲩϯ ⲟⲩⲛ ⲙⲡⲣⲉⲥⲃⲩⲧⲉⲣⲟⲥ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲧⲉϥⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲁ\nⲛⲥϩⲓⲙⲓ ϩⲱⲥ ⲉⲩⲉⲣⲁⲅⲁⲡⲁⲛ ⲉⲡⲓⲧⲟⲩⲃⲟ ⲙⲡⲃ︦ ⲁⲩⲉⲣⲏⲥⲩⲭⲁⲍⲉⲓⲛ ⲧⲉⲱⲥ\nϧⲁⲣⲓ ϧⲁⲣⲱⲟⲩ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϩⲁ ⲧⲟⲩϣⲁⲓⲣⲓ ⲙⲉⲛⲉⲛⲥⲁ ⲫⲙⲟⲩ ⲛϯⲁⲗⲟⲩ ⲛⲟⲩⲥⲏⲟⲩ\nⲉⲩⲥⲣⲱϥⲧ ⲉⲡⲓϣⲗⲏⲗ ⲗⲟⲓⲡⲟⲛ ⲛⲉⲙ ϯⲛⲏⲥⲧⲉⲓⲁ ⲛⲉⲙ ϯⲙⲉⲧⲛⲁⲏⲧ ⲛⲉⲙ\nⲡϣⲉⲙϣⲓ ⲛⲛⲏ ⲉⲧϣⲱⲛⲓ ⲉⲁⲩⲉⲣ ⲥⲱⲓⲧ ⲛⲧⲁⲓϧⲉ ⲧⲏⲣⲥ ϧⲉⲛ ϯⲙⲉⲧⲉⲩⲥⲉⲃⲏⲥ\nⲁⲩϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲛϣⲟⲩⲙⲉⲛⲣⲓⲧⲟⲩ ϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲙⲁⲥⲧⲉ ⲡⲉⲑⲛⲁⲛⲉϥ ⲇⲉ\nⲛⲇⲓⲁⲃⲟⲗⲟⲥ ⲙⲡⲉϥϣϥⲁⲓ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ⲉϥⲛⲁⲩ ⲉⲣⲟⲟⲩ ⲉⲩⲟⲛϧ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲁⲓϫⲓ ⲛⲱⲛϧ\nⲉϥϩⲟⲩⲣⲱⲟⲩ ⲙⲡⲁⲓⲣⲏϯ ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ⲁϥⲭⲟϩ ⲉⲣⲱⲟⲩ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲧⲉϥⲕⲁϩⲥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ\nⲡⲁⲓⲣⲏϯ ⲁϥⲧⲟⲩⲛⲟⲥ ϩⲁⲛ ⲡⲉⲓⲣⲁⲥⲙⲟⲥ ⲉϩⲣⲏⲓ ⲉϫⲱⲟⲩ ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲛⲥⲁ ⲟⲩⲟⲛ\nϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ ⲛⲓⲣⲱⲙⲓ ⲛⲥⲕⲁⲛⲇⲁⲗⲟⲛ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲟⲓ ⲛⲟⲣⲅⲁⲛⲟⲛ ⲛⲁϥ ⲛⲑⲟϥ ⲡⲥⲁⲧⲁⲛⲁⲥ ϩⲱⲥⲧⲉ ⲛⲧⲟⲩⲉⲣⲥⲕⲟⲣⲡⲓⲍⲉⲓⲛ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲧⲟⲩϫⲱⲣ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲛⲉⲛⲭⲁⲓ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ","english":"...endurance. These are the true ones of the Spirit, and the Lord is with them. They are like vessels in the needs of life, but they are turned rather toward the salvation of their souls. A child was born to them first, and after a little while, the Lord found her prayer, and she departed from this life. The God-loving presbyter and his blessed wife, as they loved the purity of the Spirit, they practiced hesychia together, praying for themselves through their daughter. After the death of the young girl, for a time they were turned toward prayer, moreover, with fasting, with charity, and with service to the sick. They lived in this entire way in piety. They became beloved by all. The evil devil, the beautiful one, did not rejoice, seeing them living in this manner of life, but he was angry with them in this way. Yet he approached them according to his malice, and in this way he raised up temptations against them, one after another, through scandalous men who were his instruments, Satan himself, so that they might be scattered and driven away from all these things.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲇⲓⲁⲃⲟⲗⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic ⲇⲓⲁⲃⲟⲗⲟⲥ (Greek διάβολος) is rendered 'devil' per the pinned glossary, not 'slanderer'. The epithet ⲡⲉⲑⲛⲁⲛⲉϥ ('the beautiful one') is ironic, contrasting with the devil's malice.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲥⲁⲧⲁⲛⲁⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic ⲥⲁⲧⲁⲛⲁⲥ (Greek Σατανᾶς) is rendered 'Satan' per the pinned glossary. Here it identifies the devil's instruments as agents of Satan himself, reinforcing the dual adversary.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲉⲩⲉⲣⲏⲥⲩⲭⲁⲍⲉⲓⲛ","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'they practiced hesychia' (ⲉⲩⲉⲣⲏⲥⲩⲭⲁⲍⲉⲓⲛ) refers to the monastic practice of stillness and contemplation, central to early Egyptian desert spirituality. This aligns with Macarius's anchoritic tradition.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage shifts from general spiritual exhortation to a specific narrative: the birth, death, and pious response of the presbyter's daughter. The child's death becomes a catalyst for intensified asceticism, leading to the devil's opposition.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲉⲑⲛⲁⲛⲉϥ","severity":"caution","text":"The epithet ⲡⲉⲑⲛⲁⲛⲉϥ ('the beautiful one') applied to the devil is ambiguous: it may be ironic, or reflect a textual corruption where a positive epithet was misapplied. The English draft renders it as 'the beautiful one' but the sense is contested.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The motif of the devil using scandalous men as instruments (ⲟⲣⲅⲁⲛⲟⲛ) reflects a common hagiographic trope where demonic persecution is mediated through human agents, emphasizing the saint's endurance.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of 'the child' (ⲟⲩϣⲉⲣⲓ) is ambiguous: it could be a daughter (as in the English draft) or a generic child; the Coptic ⲟⲩϣⲉⲣⲓ typically means 'girl' or 'daughter'.","The phrase ⲡⲉⲑⲛⲁⲛⲉϥ ('the beautiful one') as an epithet for the devil is unusual and may be a scribal error or ironic usage."],"confidence":"high","notes":[{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲇⲓⲁⲃⲟⲗⲟⲥ","text":"ⲇⲓⲁⲃⲟⲗⲟⲥ → “devil”. Greek διάβολος; the personified adversary in hagiography. 'Slanderer' is the etymological sense and is not used in this corpus."},{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲥⲁⲧⲁⲛⲁⲥ","text":"ⲥⲁⲧⲁⲛⲁⲥ → “Satan”. Standard rendering; first occurrence is noted here, the term recurs below."}]},{"i":5,"ref":"p5","source":"ⲉⲧϣⲟⲡ ⲛⲱⲟⲩ ⲙⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲙⲡⲓⲅⲉⲛⲛⲁⲓⲟⲥ ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲙⲁⲩ ϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲁ ⲫ︦ϯ︦ ⲉⲓⲥⲁϫⲓ\nⲉⲓⲱⲃ ⲡⲓⲑⲙⲏⲓ ⲉⲑⲃⲉ ϫⲉ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲥⲏⲟⲩ ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲙⲁⲩ ⲛⲉ ⲙⲙⲟⲛ ϩⲗⲓ ⲛⲕⲁⲧⲁⲥⲧⲁⲥⲓⲥ ϣⲟⲡ ϧⲉⲛ ⲧⲟⲩⲭⲱⲣⲁ ⲡⲉ. ϯⲛⲁⲓⲁⲧⲥ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲥϩⲓⲙⲓ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲓⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ\nⲙⲡⲣⲉⲥⲃⲩⲧⲉⲣⲟⲥ ⲉⲧⲁⲥⲛⲁⲩ ⲉⲫⲏ ⲉⲧⲁϥϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲙⲙⲟⲥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲁⲙⲟⲛⲓ\nⲙⲙⲟⲥ ϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ ϯⲙⲉⲧϣⲗⲁϩ ⲛϩⲏⲧ ⲁⲥϯ ⲥⲟϭⲛⲓ ⲙⲡⲉⲥϩⲁⲓ ϫⲉ ϩⲓⲛⲁ ϧⲉⲛ\nⲟⲩⲛⲟϩⲉⲙ ⲛⲧⲟⲩⲛⲟϩⲉⲙ ⲛⲧⲟⲩⲯⲩⲭⲏ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲧⲟⲩⲓ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲟⲩⲕⲁϩⲓ\nⲛⲉⲙ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϧⲉⲛ ⲧⲟⲩⲥⲩⲅⲅⲉⲛⲉⲓⲁ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲁⲓⲣⲏϯ ⲁⲥϣⲱⲡⲓ. ⲛⲑⲟϥ ⲇⲉ ⲡⲓⲡⲣⲉⲥⲃⲩⲧⲉⲣⲟⲥ ϩⲱⲥ ⲉϥⲫⲏϣ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲉϥⲗⲟⲅⲓⲥⲙⲟⲥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲁϥⲟⲓ ⲛⲣⲱⲟⲩϣ ⲛⲧⲁⲓϧⲉ\nⲧⲏⲣⲥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲁϥϫⲱ ⲙⲙⲟⲥ ⲡⲉ ϫⲉ ⲟⲩ ⲡⲉ ⲫⲁⲓ ⲉⲧⲁϥϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲙⲙⲟⲓ ⲉⲓⲧⲁ\nⲉⲧⲁϥⲉⲛⲕⲟⲧ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲉϫⲱⲣϩ ⲓⲥ ϩⲏⲡⲡⲉ ⲁϥⲛⲁⲩ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩϩⲟⲣⲁⲙⲁ ⲉⲟⲩϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ\nⲛⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲉϥⲉⲣ ⲟⲩⲱⲓⲛⲓ ⲛⲧⲁⲓϧⲉ ⲧⲏⲣⲥ ⲉϥϫⲟⲗϩ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃⲟⲥ ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲣⲓⲁⲣⲭⲏⲥ\nⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁϥϧⲱⲛⲧ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲙⲡⲉⲣⲉⲣ ϩⲟϯ ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲡⲉ ⲁⲃⲣⲁⲁⲙ\nⲫⲓⲱⲧ ⲛⲓⲥⲁⲁⲕ ⲫⲏ ⲉⲧⲁϥϫⲫⲉ ⲓⲁⲕⲱⲃ ⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ ⲟⲩⲛ ⲛⲥⲱⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲙⲡⲉⲣⲉⲣ\nⲁⲧⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ ⲛⲥⲁ ⲧⲥⲙⲏ ⲛⲧⲉⲕⲥϩⲓⲙⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲙⲟⲩ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲁⲓⲕⲁϩⲓ ϫⲉ\nⲟⲩⲏⲓ ⲡⲁⲓⲣⲏϯ ⲁϥϯ ⲙⲁϯ ⲛϫⲉ ⲫ︦ϯ︦. ⲁⲙⲟⲩ ϫⲉ ϣⲱⲡⲓ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡϫⲓϫⲃⲏⲣ ⲁⲛⲟⲕ","english":"...they were like the Gentiles there in the things of God. I speak of Job the righteous, because in that time there was no disturbance in their land. But blessed is the wife of the blessed presbyter who saw what had happened to her, and she was admonished by the weariness of heart. She gave counsel to her husband that in a dream they might save their soul and come out from their land and from their family, and thus it happened. But he, the presbyter, as one troubled in his mind and full of care for all this, kept saying, \"What is this that has happened to me? I have turned in the night.\" Behold, he saw in a vision a holy elder shining with all light, but he was clothed in a garment of the patriarch, and he appeared to him and said to him, \"Do not be afraid. I am Abraham, the father of Isaac, who begot Jacob. Listen to me, then, and do not listen to the voice of your wife, and come out from this land, for thus God has willed. Come, then, dwell in the place of the stranger, I.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"sense","kind":"sense","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲉⲧϣⲟⲡ ⲛⲱⲟⲩ ⲙⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲙⲡⲓⲅⲉⲛⲛⲁⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic compares the couple to 'the Gentiles' (ⲡⲓⲅⲉⲛⲛⲁⲓⲟⲥ) in their devotion to God, a phrase that may contrast their piety with non-Christian or non-monastic others.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The 'holy elder' (ϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲛⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ) is a saintly figure; the adjective ⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ is used adjectivally here, not as a noun for the collective saints.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁⲃⲣⲁⲁⲙ ⲫⲓⲱⲧ ⲛⲓⲥⲁⲁⲕ ⲫⲏ ⲉⲧⲁϥϫⲫⲉ ⲓⲁⲕⲱⲃ","severity":"info","text":"The vision identifies the patriarch Abraham, linking to Genesis and the biblical lineage of Isaac and Jacob; this echoes the Coptic tradition of patriarchs as models of obedience.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲁⲧⲣⲓⲁⲣⲭⲏⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The elder wears a 'garment of the patriarch' (ϩⲃⲟⲥ ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲣⲓⲁⲣⲭⲏⲥ), likely a liturgical or monastic vestment, underscoring the authority of the vision in Coptic hagiography.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲉⲧⲁϥⲉⲛⲕⲟⲧ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲉϫⲱⲣϩ","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase 'turned in the night' (ⲉⲧⲁϥⲉⲛⲕⲟⲧ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲉϫⲱⲣϩ) is ambiguous: it may mean he tossed in bed or metaphorically changed his mind; the English draft interprets it as a literal turning.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁⲙⲟⲩ ϫⲉ ϣⲱⲡⲓ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡϫⲓϫⲃⲏⲣ","severity":"info","text":"The vision's command to 'dwell in the place of the stranger' (ⲡϫⲓϫⲃⲏⲣ) foreshadows the presbyter's departure and aligns with the hagiographic motif of exile as spiritual renewal.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of the 'holy elder' as Abraham is explicit, but whether the 'garment of the patriarch' refers to a specific monastic or liturgical vestment is unclear.","The phrase 'turned in the night' may be literal or metaphorical; the English draft takes it as literal.","The Coptic 'ⲡϫⲓϫⲃⲏⲣ' (place of the stranger) could be a specific location or a generic term for exile."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ","text":"ⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ → “holy”. Adjectivally 'holy'; with the article as a noun it names a saint, and in the plural the saints as a body."},{"kind":"homonym","severity":"caution","term":"ⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ","text":"ⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ carries more than one sense (saint); this passage takes it as “holy”. The choice is the translator's, not a lexical given."}]},{"i":6,"ref":"p6","source":"ⲇⲉ ⲛⲛⲁⲭⲁⲕ ⲛⲥⲱⲓ ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲟ︦ⲥ︦ ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ϯⲛⲁⲥⲙⲟⲩ ⲉⲣⲟⲕ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲕⲁⲓ ⲅⲁⲣ\nⲁⲛⲟⲕ ϩⲱ ⲁⲓⲓ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϧⲉⲛ ⲧⲁⲭⲱⲣⲁ ⲭⲁⲣⲣⲁⲛ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲓϣⲱⲡⲓ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲕⲁϩⲓ\nⲛⲭⲁⲛⲁⲁⲛ ⲙⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲉⲧⲁ ⲡⲟ︦ⲥ︦ ϫⲟⲥ ⲛⲏⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ϯⲛⲁϯ ⲛⲁⲕ ⲛⲟⲩϣⲏⲣⲓ\nⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲟ︦ⲥ︦ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϧⲉⲛ ⲧⲁⲓⲥϩⲓⲙⲓ ⲑⲁⲓ ⲉⲧϣⲟⲡ ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲕ ϯⲛⲟⲩ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲉϥⲣⲁⲛ\nⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲉϥⲙⲏⲛ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ϣⲁ ϩⲁⲛ ϫⲱⲟⲩ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲛⲓϣⲏⲣⲓ ⲉⲧⲉϥⲛⲁϫⲫⲱⲟⲩ\nⲡⲛ︦ⲁ︦ⲧⲓⲕⲱⲥ ⲉⲑⲣⲟⲩϣⲉⲙϣⲓ ⲙⲙⲟⲓ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲙⲁ ⲉϯⲛⲁⲧⲁⲙⲟϥ ⲉⲣⲟϥ. ⲛⲁⲓ ⲇⲉ\nⲉϥⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ ⲉⲣⲱⲟⲩ ⲛϫⲉ ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲛⲟⲩⲏⲃ ⲛⲁϥⲉⲣ ϣⲫⲏⲣⲓ ⲉⲙⲁϣⲱ ⲙⲁⲗⲗⲟⲛ\nⲇⲉ ⲛⲁϥⲣⲁϣⲓ ⲡⲉ ⲉϩⲣⲏⲓ ⲉϫⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲑⲱⲧ ⲛϩⲏⲧ ⲉⲧⲁ ⲧⲟⲟⲩⲓ ⲇⲉ ϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲁϥⲙⲟⲩϯ\nⲉⲧⲉϥⲥϩⲓⲙⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁϥⲥⲁϫⲓ ϧⲁⲧⲟⲧⲥ ⲛⲛⲏ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲛⲁⲩ ⲉⲣⲱⲟⲩ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ\nⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲛⲉⲙⲁϥ. ⲥⲁⲧⲟⲧⲟⲩ ⲇⲉ ⲉⲧⲁⲩϯ ⲙⲁϯ ⲉϫⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲑⲱϣ ⲛⲧⲉ\nⲫ︦ϯ︦ ⲧⲟⲧⲉ ⲁⲩⲥⲱϫⲡ ⲙⲡⲥⲉⲡⲓ ⲛⲛⲏ ⲉⲧϣⲟⲡ ⲛⲱⲟⲩ ⲁⲩⲓ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲕⲁϩⲓ\nⲉⲧⲁⲩϣⲟⲡ ⲛϧⲏⲧϥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲓ ⲉⲡϫⲓϫⲃⲏⲣ ⲁⲩϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲙⲙⲁⲩ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲫⲣⲏϯ\nⲉⲧⲁⲩⲟⲩⲁϩⲥⲁϩⲛⲓ ⲛⲱⲟⲩ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓϭⲱⲣⲡ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ. ⲛⲉⲁⲩⲓⲛⲓ ⲛⲉⲙⲱⲟⲩ ⲡⲉ\nⲛⲟⲩⲕⲟⲩϫⲓ ⲛⲭⲣⲉⲓⲁ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲉⲧϩⲏⲡ ⲉⲡⲟⲩⲣⲱϣⲓ ϫⲉ ϩⲓⲛⲁ ⲉⲩⲉϣⲉⲡ ⲫⲏ\nⲉⲧⲟⲩⲉⲣ ⲉⲛⲭⲣⲉⲓⲁ ⲙⲙⲟϥ. ⲉⲧⲁⲩϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲟⲩⲛ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓϫⲓϫⲃⲏⲣ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲁⲩⲙⲟϣⲓ ⲟⲛ ⲡⲉ ϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲓⲉⲛⲧⲟⲗⲏ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲟⲥ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲧⲟⲩⲥⲩⲛⲏⲑⲉⲓⲁ ⲉⲩⲛⲁⲩ\nⲟⲩⲛ ⲉⲛⲓⲥⲙⲟⲧ ⲉⲑⲛⲁⲛⲉⲩ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲛⲟⲩⲏⲃ ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲙⲁⲩ ⲛϫⲉ ⲛⲓⲕⲗⲏⲣⲓⲕⲟⲥ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲓϯⲙⲓ ⲛⲁⲩϯ ϩⲟ ϩⲓⲛⲁ ⲉϥⲉⲉⲣ ϣⲫⲏⲣ ⲛϣⲉⲙϣⲓ ⲛⲉⲙⲱⲟⲩ\nⲉⲡⲓⲙⲁ ⲛⲉⲣ ϣⲱⲟⲩϣⲓ. ⲛⲑⲟϥ ⲇⲉ ⲙⲡⲉϥⲉⲣⲁⲛⲉⲭⲉⲥⲑⲁⲓ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲫⲛⲟⲙⲟⲥ\nⲛⲛⲓⲕⲁⲛⲱⲛ.","english":"...but do not abandon me,” said the Lord. “Rather, I will bless you,” he said. “For I also came out from my region of Charran and I dwelt in the land of Canaan, as the Lord commanded me. And I will give you a son,” said the Lord. “From this woman who is with you now, and his name shall be established forever, along with the children whom he will beget spiritually, that they may serve me in the place which I will reveal to him.” Now when the old priest heard these things, he marveled greatly, but rather he rejoiced at the consolation of heart. When morning came, he called his wife and told her all that he had seen, according to the manner in which they had spoken with him. After they had given thanks for the decree of God, then they prepared the provisions of those who were with them, and they came out from the land in which they had dwelt, and they went to the riverbank, and they remained there according to the manner in which they had been commanded in the revelation. They brought with them a small necessity in secret for the journey, so that they might receive what was needed. When they were at the riverbank, they also walked in the commandments of the Lord according to their custom. Now the clergy of that village saw the good ways of the old priest, and they gave him honor so that he might marvel and serve with them instead of being idle. But he did not accept according to the law of the canons.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲭⲁⲣⲣⲁⲛ","severity":"info","text":"Charran (ⲭⲁⲣⲣⲁⲛ) is the Coptic rendering of Haran, the city in Mesopotamia from which Abraham migrated to Canaan. The speaker identifies his own journey with that of Abraham.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'I also came out from my region of Charran and I dwelt in the land of Canaan' echoes God's command to Abraham in Genesis 12:1–4, where Abraham leaves Haran for Canaan. The speaker adopts Abraham's typology.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲛⲁⲧⲓⲕⲱⲥ","severity":"info","text":"ⲡⲛⲁⲧⲓⲕⲱⲥ (pneumatikōs) is a Greek loanword meaning 'spiritually'. It qualifies the begetting of children, indicating that the son and his offspring will serve God in a spiritual, not merely biological, sense.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲛⲓⲕⲁⲛⲱⲛ","severity":"info","text":"The 'law of the canons' (ⲫⲛⲟⲙⲟⲥ ⲛⲛⲓⲕⲁⲛⲱⲛ) refers to ecclesiastical regulations, likely those governing clerical conduct. The old priest's refusal to accept honor suggests adherence to canonical humility.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage concludes a divine speech and transitions to narrative action: the old priest's response, the family's departure, and their settlement by the riverbank. The shift is marked by ⲛⲁⲓ ⲇⲉ ('now when').","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲛⲟⲩⲏⲃ","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase 'old priest' (ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲛⲟⲩⲏⲃ) is ambiguous: it may refer to a specific priestly figure (perhaps the presbyter from the previous passage) or be a generic title. The Coptic does not clarify his identity further.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of the speaker (the Lord or a divine figure) is ambiguous: the Coptic uses ⲡⲟⲥ (the Lord) but the context may imply a visionary or angelic address. The reading taken follows the English draft's identification as the Lord.","The phrase 'the old priest' (ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲛⲟⲩⲏⲃ) may refer to the presbyter from the previous passage or to a different figure; the text does not specify."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":7,"ref":"p7","source":"ⲉⲧⲁϥⲉⲣ ⲟⲩⲕⲟⲩϫⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲥⲏⲟⲩ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲙⲁ ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲙⲁⲩ ⲟⲩⲟϩ\nⲉⲧⲁϥⲥⲉⲙⲛⲓ ⲧⲟⲧⲉ ⲁϥⲉⲣ ϩⲏⲧⲥ ⲛⲉⲣ ϩⲱⲃ ⲉⲡⲓⲕⲁϩⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲱⲛϧ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ\nⲛϩⲏⲧϥ ⲉⲑⲃⲉ ϫⲉ ⲛⲉ ⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲓ ⲡⲉ. ⲉⲧⲁ ⲟⲩⲥⲏⲟⲩ ⲇⲉ ⲟⲛ ⲥⲓⲛⲓ ⲁϥⲉⲣ ϩⲏⲧⲥ\nⲛϣⲱⲛⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁϥⲉⲣⲁⲓⲧⲉⲓⲛ ⲉⲑⲣⲟⲩⲟⲗϥ ⲉϯⲉⲕⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ ⲛⲧⲉϥⲉⲛⲕⲟⲧ ⲙⲙⲁⲩ\nⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲟⲩⲛⲁϩϯ ϫⲉ ϩⲓⲛⲁ ⲉϥⲉϭⲓ ⲙⲡⲓⲧⲁⲗϭⲟ. ⲉⲧⲓ ⲉϥⲟⲓ ⲛϣⲣⲱⲓⲥ ⲙⲡⲓⲉϫⲱⲣϩ\nⲛⲧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲧⲓⲧⲕⲁⲥ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲓϣⲱⲛⲓ ⲁϥⲛⲁⲩ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ϩⲏⲡⲡⲉ ⲓⲥ ⲟⲩⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ ⲛⲧⲉ\nⲡⲟ︦ⲥ︦ ⲁϥⲟϩⲓ ⲉⲣⲁⲧϥ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲙⲁ ⲛⲉⲣ ϣⲱⲟⲩϣⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁϥⲙⲟⲩϯ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ⲛⲟⲩⲥⲟⲡ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲃ̄ ϣⲁ ⲫⲙⲁϩ ⲅ̄ ⲛⲥⲟⲡ ⲉϥϫⲱ ⲙⲙⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲧⲱⲛⲕ ⲁⲙⲟⲩ ⲉⲡⲁⲓⲙⲁ. ⲛⲑⲟϥ ⲇⲉ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ϯϯϩⲟ ⲉⲣⲟⲕ ⲡⲁⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲏⲓ ⲙⲙⲟⲛ ϣϫⲟⲙ\nⲙⲙⲟⲓ ⲉⲑⲃⲉ ⲡⲓϣⲱⲛⲓ ⲉⲧϩⲓϫⲱⲓ. ⲉⲧⲁϥϧⲟⲛⲧϥ ⲇⲉ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ⲛϫⲉ ⲡⲓⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ\nⲁϥϭⲓ ⲛⲉⲙⲁϥ ⲉϥϫⲱ ⲙⲙⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲡⲟⲥ ⲡⲉ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲟⲩⲁϩⲥⲁϩⲛⲓ ⲉⲑⲣⲉⲕⲟⲩϫⲁⲓ\nⲧⲱⲛⲕ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲟϩⲓ ⲉⲣⲁⲧⲕ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲥⲁⲧⲟⲧϥ ⲁϥⲧⲱⲛϥ ⲁϥⲟϩⲓ ⲉⲣⲁⲧϥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ","english":"...but do not abandon me,” said the Lord. “Rather, I will bless you,” he said. “For I also came out from my region of Charran and I dwelt in the land of Canaan, as the Lord commanded me. And I will give you a son,” said the Lord. And after a short time in that place, he then prepared and began to work the land and to live from it, for that was his desire. And when a time of illness again came upon him, he began to suffer and he asked to be taken to the church of his village there, according to a vow, so that he might receive healing. While he was still in distress from the fever of the sickness, he saw—and behold, an angel of the Lord stood in the place of the threshing-floor and called to him once, twice, up to three times, saying, “Arise, come to this place.” But he said to him, “I am afraid, my father, for I am not able because of the illness that is upon me.” And the angel took hold of him and took him with him, saying, “It is the Lord who commanded that you be saved. Arise and stand.” And immediately he arose and stood.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲉⲕⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic ⲉⲕⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ (from Greek ἐκκλησία) here refers to the church building of the village, as the context is a physical location to which the sick man is taken.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic ⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ (from Greek ἄγγελος) is rendered 'angel' here, as the context indicates a divine messenger, not a human envoy.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"background","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The mention of Charran (Haran) and Canaan echoes the patriarchal narrative of Abraham (Genesis 12:4-5), linking Macarius's spiritual lineage to the Old Testament.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The passage shifts from a divine promise (previous passage) to a narrative of Macarius's illness and miraculous healing by an angel, forming a typical hagiographic pattern of trial and divine intervention.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲓⲧⲁⲗϭⲟ","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic ⲡⲓⲧⲁⲗϭⲟ ('the healing') is ambiguous: it could refer to physical cure or spiritual salvation. The context of a vow and church suggests a ritual healing, but the angel's command 'to be saved' (ⲉⲧⲣⲉⲕⲟⲩϫⲁⲓ) broadens the meaning.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase ⲉⲧⲁϥⲉⲣ ⲟⲩⲕⲟⲩϫⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲥⲏⲟⲩ ('after a short time') is vague; the duration of Macarius's stay in the place is unspecified.","The identity of the 'Lord' speaking in the previous passage is ambiguous—could be God or a divine figure; the Coptic ⲡⲟⲥ (Lord) is used for both.","The angel's command 'to be saved' (ⲉⲧⲣⲉⲕⲟⲩϫⲁⲓ) may imply both physical healing and spiritual deliverance; the text does not distinguish."],"confidence":"high","notes":[{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲉⲕⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ","text":"ⲉⲕⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ → “church”. The building, the congregation, and the institution all take this word; the context decides, and 'assembly' is rare outside citations of Acts."},{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ","text":"ⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ → “angel”. Greek ἄγγελος; 'messenger' only where a human envoy is meant (rare in this corpus)."},{"kind":"homonym","severity":"caution","term":"ⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ","text":"ⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ carries more than one sense (messenger); this passage takes it as “angel”. The choice is the translator's, not a lexical given."}]},{"i":8,"ref":"p8","source":"ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲁϥ ⲛϫⲉ ⲡⲓⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲙⲁϣⲉ ⲛⲁⲕ ⲉⲡⲉⲕⲏⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲕⲉⲥⲟⲩⲉⲛ\nⲧⲉⲕⲥϩⲓⲙⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲥⲉⲉⲣ ⲃⲟⲕⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲥⲉⲙⲓⲥⲓ ⲛⲁⲕ ⲛⲟⲩϣⲏⲣⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲣⲉ\nⲟⲩⲣⲁϣⲓ ϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲛⲁⲕ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲧⲉϥⲙⲁⲩ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲫⲁⲓ ⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲉϥⲟⲓ ⲛⲥⲱⲓⲧ ϧⲉⲛ\nϯⲙⲉⲧⲉⲩⲥⲉⲃⲏⲥ ϩⲱⲥⲧⲉ ⲛⲥⲉⲫⲓⲣⲓ ⲉⲡⲉϥⲣⲁⲛ ϩⲓϫⲉⲛ ⲡⲕⲁϩⲓ ⲧⲏⲣϥ ⲥⲭⲉⲇⲟⲛ\nϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲏⲓ ϥⲛⲁⲓⲛⲓ ⲛⲟⲩⲗⲁⲟⲥ ⲉϧⲟⲩⲛ ⲉⲫ︦ϯ︦ ⲉⲑⲣⲟⲩϣⲉⲙϣⲓ ⲙⲙⲟϥ ⲙⲫⲣⲏϯ\nⲛⲛⲓⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲧⲉⲛⲑⲱⲛⲟⲩ ⲥⲭⲉⲇⲟⲛ ⲉⲛⲓⲁⲥⲱⲙⲁⲧⲟⲥ ϧⲉⲛ ⲧⲟⲩⲡⲟⲗⲓⲧⲉⲓⲁ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲡⲟⲩϣⲉⲙϣⲓ. ⲉⲧⲁϥⲛⲉϩⲥⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲉⲡϣⲱⲓ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓϩⲟⲣⲁⲙⲁ\nⲉⲥϧⲁⲧⲟⲧϥ ⲛϫⲉ ⲧⲉϥⲥϩⲓⲙⲓ ϧⲉⲛ ϯⲉⲕⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ ⲉⲥϣⲉⲙϣⲓ ⲙⲙⲟϥ ⲁϥⲧⲁⲙⲟⲥ\nⲉⲛⲁⲓ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ. ⲉⲧⲁ ϣⲱⲣⲡ ⲟⲩⲛ ϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲁⲩϣⲉ ⲛⲱⲟⲩ ⲉⲡⲟⲩⲏⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉ\nⲉⲥⲕⲓ ϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲁⲥⲉⲣ ⲃⲟⲕⲓ ⲛϫⲉ ϯⲥϩⲓⲙⲓ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲡⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲙⲡⲓⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ ⲁⲥⲙⲓⲥⲓ\nⲙⲡⲓⲁⲗⲟⲩ ⲁⲥⲙⲟⲩϯ ⲉⲡⲉϥⲣⲁⲛ ϫⲉ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲉⲟⲩⲁⲥⲧⲉⲓⲟⲥ ⲡⲉ ⲟⲩⲟϩ\nⲉϥⲙⲉϩ ⲛϩⲙⲟⲧ ⲧⲏⲣϥ.\nⲉⲧⲁϥⲁⲓⲁⲓ ⲛϫⲉ ⲡⲓⲁⲗⲟⲩ ⲛⲁϥϯ ⲉⲡⲁⲛⲁⲓ ⲙⲙⲏⲛⲓ ⲡⲉ ϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ ⲧⲥⲃⲱ ⲛⲛⲉϥⲓⲟϯ ⲉϥⲛⲁⲩ ⲉⲣⲱⲟⲩ ⲉⲩⲟⲓ ⲛϣⲁⲙϣⲉ ⲛⲟⲩϯ ⲛⲧⲁⲓϧⲉ ⲧⲏⲣⲥ ⲙⲁⲗⲗⲟⲛ ⲇⲉ\nⲛⲁⲩϭⲓ ⲙⲱⲓⲧ ⲛⲁϥ ⲡⲉ ϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓϩⲙⲟⲧ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲫ︦ϯ︦ ⲉⲧⲭⲏ ⲛⲉⲙⲁϥ ⲉⲑⲃⲉ ϫⲉ","english":"The angel said to him, “Go to your house and know your wife, and she will conceive and bear you a son, and joy will come to you and to his mother. And this one will be a righteous man in the faith, so that his name will be spread over the whole earth, almost as if he will bring a people into God to worship him in the manner of the angels who have renounced almost all bodily things in their discipline and their worship.” When he had gone up from the vision, his wife was standing beside him in the church, worshipping him. He told her all these things. When morning came, they went to their house, and it was not long before the woman conceived according to the word of the angel. She gave birth to the child, and she named him Macarius, who was noble and filled entirely with grace.\n\nWhen the child grew up, he continually gave himself to asceticism through the teaching of his parents, seeing them as servants of God in every way. Moreover, he took the path for himself through the grace of God that was with him, because...","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲉⲕⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ","severity":"info","text":"The word ⲉⲕⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ here refers to the church building, as the wife is standing beside Macarius in the church.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ϩⲙⲟⲧ","severity":"info","text":"ϩⲙⲟⲧ is rendered 'grace' as divine unearned favour; the child Macarius is 'filled entirely with grace'.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"external","lemma":"ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The name Macarius (ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ) means 'blessed' in Greek, fitting the hagiographic theme of divine favour.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The passage shifts from angelic prophecy to its fulfillment: conception, birth, naming, and the child's early asceticism, marking a narrative hinge.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic phrase ⲉⲧⲁϥⲛⲉϩⲥⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲉⲡϣⲱⲓ is ambiguous: it may mean 'when he had gone up from the vision' or 'when he had ascended from the altar area'; the context favours the former.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase ⲉⲧⲁϥⲛⲉϩⲥⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲉⲡϣⲱⲓ could refer to leaving a vision or physically ascending; the reading 'from the vision' is adopted.","The wife's action ⲉⲥϣⲉⲙϣⲓ ⲙⲙⲟϥ (worshipping him) may imply veneration of Macarius as a holy man, but the context suggests a gesture of reverence."],"confidence":"high","notes":[{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ϩⲙⲟⲧ","text":"ϩⲙⲟⲧ → “grace”. The unearned favour of God; 'favour' where a human patron is meant."}]},{"i":9,"ref":"p9","source":"ⲙⲟϣⲓ ⲟⲛ ⲡⲉ ϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲓⲉⲛⲧⲟⲗⲏ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲟ︦ⲥ︦ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲧⲟⲩⲥⲩⲛⲏⲑⲉⲓⲁ ⲉⲩⲛⲁⲩ\nⲟⲩⲛ ⲉⲛⲓⲥⲙⲟⲧ ⲉⲑⲛⲁⲛⲉⲩ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲛⲟⲩⲏⲃ ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲙⲁⲩ ⲛϫⲉ ⲛⲓⲕⲗⲏⲣⲓⲕⲟⲥ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲓϯⲙⲓ ⲛⲁⲩϯ ϩⲟ ϩⲓⲛⲁ ⲉϥⲉⲉⲣ ϣⲫⲏⲣ ⲛϣⲉⲙϣⲓ ⲛⲉⲙⲱⲟⲩ\nⲉⲡⲓⲙⲁ ⲛⲉⲣ ϣⲱⲟⲩϣⲓ. ⲛⲑⲟϥ ⲇⲉ ⲙⲡⲉϥⲉⲣⲁⲛⲉⲭⲉⲥⲑⲁⲓ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲫⲛⲟⲙⲟⲥ\nⲛⲛⲓⲕⲁⲛⲱⲛ. ⲉⲧⲁϥⲉⲣ ⲟⲩⲕⲟⲩϫⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲥⲏⲟⲩ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲙⲁ ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲙⲁⲩ ⲟⲩⲟϩ\nⲉⲧⲁϥⲥⲉⲙⲛⲓ ⲧⲟⲧⲉ ⲁϥⲉⲣ ϩⲏⲧⲥ ⲛⲉⲣ ϩⲱⲃ ⲉⲡⲓⲕⲁϩⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲱⲛϧ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ\nⲛϩⲏⲧϥ ⲉⲑⲃⲉ ϫⲉ ⲛⲉ ⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲓ ⲡⲉ. ⲉⲧⲁ ⲟⲩⲥⲏⲟⲩ ⲇⲉ ⲟⲛ ⲥⲓⲛⲓ ⲁϥⲉⲣ ϩⲏⲧⲥ\nⲛϣⲱⲛⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁϥⲉⲣⲁⲓⲧⲉⲓⲛ ⲉⲑⲣⲟⲩⲟⲗϥ ⲉϯⲉⲕⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ ⲛⲧⲉϥⲉⲛⲕⲟⲧ ⲙⲙⲁⲩ\nⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲟⲩⲛⲁϩϯ ϫⲉ ϩⲓⲛⲁ ⲉϥⲉϭⲓ ⲙⲡⲓⲧⲁⲗϭⲟ. ⲉⲧⲓ ⲉϥⲟⲓ ⲛϣⲣⲱⲓⲥ ⲙⲡⲓⲉϫⲱⲣϩ\nⲛⲧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲧⲓⲧⲕⲁⲥ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲓϣⲱⲛⲓ ⲁϥⲛⲁⲩ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ϩⲏⲡⲡⲉ ⲓⲥ ⲟⲩⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ ⲛⲧⲉ\nⲡⲟ︦ⲥ︦ ⲁϥⲟϩⲓ ⲉⲣⲁⲧϥ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲙⲁ ⲛⲉⲣ ϣⲱⲟⲩϣⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁϥⲙⲟⲩϯ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ⲛⲟⲩⲥⲟⲡ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲃ̄ ϣⲁ ⲫⲙⲁϩ ⲅ̄ ⲛⲥⲟⲡ ⲉϥϫⲱ ⲙⲙⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲧⲱⲛⲕ ⲁⲙⲟⲩ ⲉⲡⲁⲓⲙⲁ.\nⲛⲑⲟϥ ⲇⲉ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ϯϯϩⲟ ⲉⲣⲟⲕ ⲡⲁⲟ︦ⲥ︦ ϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲏⲓ ⲙⲙⲟⲛ ϣϫⲟⲙ\nⲙⲙⲟⲓ ⲉⲑⲃⲉ ⲡⲓϣⲱⲛⲓ ⲉⲧϩⲓϫⲱⲓ. ⲉⲧⲁϥϧⲟⲛⲧϥ ⲇⲉ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ⲛϫⲉ ⲡⲓⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ\nⲁϥϭⲓ ⲛⲉⲙⲁϥ ⲉϥϫⲱ ⲙⲙⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲡⲟ︦ⲥ︦ ⲡⲉ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲟⲩⲁϩⲥⲁϩⲛⲓ ⲉⲑⲣⲉⲕⲟⲩϫⲁⲓ\nⲧⲱⲛⲕ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲟϩⲓ ⲉⲣⲁⲧⲕ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲥⲁⲧⲟⲧϥ ⲁϥⲧⲱⲛϥ ⲁϥⲟϩⲓ ⲉⲣⲁⲧϥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ","english":"He continued walking in the commandments of God according to his custom. Then the clergy of that village saw the good forms of that old priest, and they marveled, and they wished to serve with him in the place of the sanctuary. But he did not accept according to the law of the canons. After a short time there, he set out, then he began to work the land and to live from it, because he was poor. When a time had passed again, he began to be ill, and he asked to be taken to the church of his own district there, according to a faith, so that he might receive the healing. He was still suffering from the disease of the pleurisy. He saw, and behold, an angel of God stood in the place of the sanctuary and called to him once, twice, and a third time, saying, “Rise, come to this place.” But he said to him, “I am afraid, my lord, for truly I am not able because of the disease that is upon me.” When the angel had taken hold of him, he took him with him, saying, “It is the Lord who commanded that you be healed. Rise and stand up.” And immediately he rose and stood up, and","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲉⲕⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic term ⲉⲕⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ (from Greek ἐκκλησία) here refers to the church building, as the sick priest asks to be taken there for healing.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic ⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ (Greek ἄγγελος) denotes a divine messenger; here it is an angel of God who appears in the sanctuary to command the priest.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"external","lemma":"ⲡⲓⲧⲓⲧⲕⲁⲥ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲓϣⲱⲛⲓ","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'disease of the pleurisy' (ⲡⲓⲧⲓⲧⲕⲁⲥ) reflects a common medical term in late antique Egypt for pleurisy, a painful respiratory ailment.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The passage shifts from narrative of the priest's daily life and illness to a theophany, marked by the formula 'ϩⲏⲡⲡⲉ ⲓⲥ' ('behold'), introducing the angel's triple call.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"parallel","kind":"parallel","basis":"external","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The angel's triple summons ('once, twice, and a third time') echoes biblical patterns of divine call, e.g., 1 Samuel 3:8 and the calling of Samuel, common in hagiography.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲉⲧⲁϥⲉⲣ ⲟⲩⲕⲟⲩϫⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲥⲏⲟⲩ","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase 'after a short time' is ambiguous: it may indicate a brief stay in the village or a short period of illness; the Coptic does not specify which.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase 'ⲉⲧⲁϥⲉⲣ ⲟⲩⲕⲟⲩϫⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲥⲏⲟⲩ' could refer to a short time spent in the village or a short duration of illness; the context suggests the former, but it is not explicit.","The clause 'ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲟⲩⲛⲁϩϯ' ('according to a faith') is vague; it may mean 'in accordance with his faith' or 'as an act of faith'; the reading taken is 'according to a faith' as a general expression of trust."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":10,"ref":"p10","source":"ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲁϥ ⲛϫⲉ ⲡⲓⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲙⲁϣⲉ ⲛⲁⲕ ⲉⲡⲉⲕⲏⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲕⲉⲥⲟⲩⲉⲛ\nⲧⲉⲕⲥϩⲓⲙⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲥⲉⲉⲣ ⲃⲟⲕⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲥⲉⲙⲓⲥⲓ ⲛⲁⲕ ⲛⲟⲩϣⲏⲣⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲣⲉ\nⲟⲩⲣⲁϣⲓ ϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲛⲁⲕ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲧⲉϥⲙⲁⲩ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲫⲁⲓ ⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲉϥⲟⲓ ⲛⲥⲱⲓⲧ ϧⲉⲛ\nϯⲙⲉⲧⲉⲩⲥⲉⲃⲏⲥ ϩⲱⲥⲧⲉ ⲛⲥⲉⲫⲓⲣⲓ ⲉⲡⲉϥⲣⲁⲛ ϩⲓϫⲉⲛ ⲡⲕⲁϩⲓ ⲧⲏⲣϥ ⲥⲭⲉⲇⲟⲛ\nϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲏⲓ ϥⲛⲁⲓⲛⲓ ⲛⲟⲩⲗⲁⲟⲥ ⲉϧⲟⲩⲛ ⲉⲫ︦ϯ︦ ⲉⲑⲣⲟⲩϣⲉⲙϣⲓ ⲙⲙⲟϥ ⲙⲫⲣⲏϯ\nⲛⲛⲓⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲧⲉⲛⲑⲱⲛⲟⲩ ⲥⲭⲉⲇⲟⲛ ⲉⲛⲓⲁⲥⲱⲙⲁⲧⲟⲥ ϧⲉⲛ ⲧⲟⲩⲡⲟⲗⲓⲧⲉⲓⲁ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲡⲟⲩϣⲉⲙϣⲓ. ⲉⲧⲁϥⲛⲉϩⲥⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲉⲡϣⲱⲓ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓϩⲟⲣⲁⲙⲁ\nⲉⲥϧⲁⲧⲟⲧϥ ⲛϫⲉ ⲧⲉϥⲥϩⲓⲙⲓ ϧⲉⲛ ϯⲉⲕⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ ⲉⲥϣⲉⲙϣⲓ ⲙⲙⲟϥ ⲁϥⲧⲁⲙⲟⲥ\nⲉⲛⲁⲓ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ. ⲉⲧⲁ ϣⲱⲣⲡ ⲟⲩⲛ ϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲁⲩϣⲉ ⲛⲱⲟⲩ ⲉⲡⲟⲩⲏⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉ\nⲉⲥⲕⲓ ϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲁⲥⲉⲣ ⲃⲟⲕⲓ ⲛϫⲉ ϯⲥϩⲓⲙⲓ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲡⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲙⲡⲓⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ ⲁⲥⲙⲓⲥⲓ\nⲙⲡⲓⲁⲗⲟⲩ ⲁⲥⲙⲟⲩϯ ⲉⲡⲉϥⲣⲁⲛ ϫⲉ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲉⲟⲩⲁⲥⲧⲉⲓⲟⲥ ⲡⲉ ⲟⲩⲟϩ\nⲉϥⲙⲉϩ ⲛϩⲙⲟⲧ ⲧⲏⲣϥ.\nⲉⲧⲁϥⲁⲓⲁⲓ ⲛϫⲉ ⲡⲓⲁⲗⲟⲩ ⲛⲁϥϯ ⲉⲡⲁⲛⲁⲓ ⲙⲙⲏⲛⲓ ⲡⲉ ϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ ⲧⲥⲃⲱ ⲛⲛⲉϥⲓⲟϯ ⲉϥⲛⲁⲩ ⲉⲣⲱⲟⲩ ⲉⲩⲟⲓ ⲛϣⲁⲙϣⲉ ⲛⲟⲩϯ ⲛⲧⲁⲓϧⲉ ⲧⲏⲣⲥ ⲙⲁⲗⲗⲟⲛ ⲇⲉ\nⲛⲁⲩϭⲓ ⲙⲱⲓⲧ ⲛⲁϥ ⲡⲉ ϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓϩⲙⲟⲧ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲫ︦ϯ︦ ⲉⲧⲭⲏ ⲛⲉⲙⲁϥ ⲉⲑⲃⲉ ϫⲉ","english":"The angel said to him, \"Go to your house, and you will know your wife, and she will conceive, and she will bear you a son, and joy will come to you and to his mother. And this will happen, and he will be a righteous man in the faith, so that his name will be praised throughout the whole earth, almost as if he will bring a people into God to serve him in the manner of the angels who have almost become bodiless in their conduct and their service.\" When he looked up from the vision, his wife was standing before him in the church serving him, and he told her all these things. After the first time had passed, they went to their house, and it was not long before the woman conceived according to the word of the angel, and she gave birth to the child, and she named him Macarius, for he was noble and full of grace. When the child grew up, he was always going to the sanctuary through the teaching of his parents, seeing them serving God in that entire manner, and moreover they would guide him through the grace of God that was with him, because","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲉⲕⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic term ⲉⲕⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ here denotes the church building, as the wife is standing before Macarius in the church serving him.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ϩⲙⲟⲧ","severity":"info","text":"The word ϩⲙⲟⲧ (grace) appears in the description of Macarius as 'full of grace' (ⲉϥⲙⲉϩ ⲛϩⲙⲟⲧ), indicating divine favour.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The angel's prophecy that Macarius will 'bring a people into God to serve him in the manner of the angels' foreshadows his role as a monastic founder and spiritual leader, a common hagiographic trope.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage transitions from a divine vision (the angel's speech) to earthly fulfillment: the wife conceives, bears Macarius, and he grows up guided by his parents and God's grace.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The naming of the child Macarius (ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ) meaning 'blessed' or 'happy' aligns with his characterization as noble and full of grace, reinforcing his sanctity for Coptic readers.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase ⲉⲧⲁϥⲛⲉϩⲥⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲉⲡϣⲱⲓ (when he looked up from the vision) is ambiguous: it could mean he physically looked up from a visionary state or that the vision ended; the reading taken is that the vision concluded.","The clause ⲉⲧⲁ ϣⲱⲣⲡ ⲟⲩⲛ ϣⲱⲡⲓ (after the first time had passed) is vague; it likely refers to the first marital union, but the exact temporal reference is unclear."],"confidence":"high","notes":[{"kind":"scripture","severity":"info","ref":"Luke 1:28","text":"The English carries the scriptural phrase “full of grace”, which matches Luke 1:28. The match is on the English draft; check the Coptic before quoting the verse."}]},{"i":11,"ref":"p11","source":"ⲟⲩϣⲏⲣⲓ ⲡⲉ ⲛⲧⲉ ϯⲉⲡⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲓⲁ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲛⲏ ⲉⲧⲁⲛⲉⲣ ϣⲟⲣⲡ ⲛϫⲟⲧⲟⲩ. ⲧⲟⲧⲉ\nⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲕⲟⲩϫⲓ ⲕⲟⲩϫⲓ ⲁϥϫⲉⲙϫⲟⲙ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲁⲓⲣⲏϯ ⲁϥⲉⲣ ϩⲏⲧⲥ ⲛϯ ⲧⲟⲧϥ\nⲛⲉⲙ ⲡⲉϥⲓⲱⲧ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓϥⲓ ⲣⲱⲟⲩϣ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲁⲓⲃⲓⲟⲥ ⲉⲁ ⲡⲟ︦ⲥ︦ ⲫ︦ϯ︦ ⲥⲙⲟⲩ ⲉⲣⲱⲟⲩ\nⲁϥⲟⲩⲉⲥⲑⲱⲛⲟⲩ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲓⲧⲉⲃⲛⲱⲟⲩⲓ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲛⲓⲅⲉⲛⲛⲏⲙⲁ ϩⲱⲥⲧⲉ ⲟⲩⲟⲛ\nⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ ⲉⲣ ϣⲫⲏⲣⲓ ⲙⲡⲓⲛⲓϣϯ ⲛϩⲉⲛⲟⲩϥⲓ ⲉⲧϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲟⲩⲏⲓ. ⲉⲩⲛⲁⲩ ⲟⲩⲛ ⲉⲧⲕⲁⲧⲁⲥⲧⲁⲥⲓⲥ ⲙⲡⲓⲁⲗⲟⲩ ⲛϫⲉ ⲛⲁ ⲡⲓϯⲙⲓ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲡⲓϩⲙⲟⲧ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲫϯ ⲉⲧⲫⲟⲣⲓ\nⲉⲃⲟⲗϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲉϥϩⲟ ⲧⲟⲧⲉ ⲁⲩⲁⲙⲟⲛⲓ ⲙⲙⲟϥ ⲛϫⲉ ⲛⲓⲕⲗⲏⲣⲓⲕⲟⲥ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲓϯⲙⲓ\nⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲩⲉⲛϥ ϩⲁ ⲡⲓⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲁⲩϯϩⲟ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ϫⲉ ϩⲓⲛⲁ ⲛⲧⲉϥⲁⲓϥ\nⲛⲁⲛⲁⲅⲛⲱⲥⲧⲏⲥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲁⲓⲣⲏϯ ⲁⲥϣⲱⲡⲓ. ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲉⲙⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲛϫⲉ ⲡⲉϥⲓⲱⲧ ⲛⲉⲙ\nⲧⲉϥⲙⲁⲩ ⲁⲩⲉⲣ ⲙⲕⲁϩ ⲛϩⲏⲧ ⲡⲁⲗⲓⲛ ⲡⲉϫⲱⲟⲩ ϫⲉ ⲡⲉⲧⲉϩⲛⲁϥ ⲙⲡⲟⲥ ⲙⲁⲣⲉϥϣⲱⲡⲓ. ⲉⲓⲧⲁ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲁⲓⲁⲓ ϧⲉⲛ ϯϩⲏⲗⲓⲕⲓⲁ ⲛⲁⲩϥⲓ ⲣⲱⲟⲩϣ ⲛϫⲉ ⲛⲉϥⲓⲟϯ\nⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲁⲩϯ ϩⲟ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ⲛϫⲉ ⲡⲉϥⲓⲱⲧ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲧⲉϥⲙⲁⲩ ϫⲉ ϩⲓⲛⲁ ⲉⲩⲉϩⲟⲧⲡϥ\nⲉⲟⲩⲅⲁⲙⲟⲥ ⲛⲑⲟϥ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲁϥⲉⲣⲁⲛⲉⲭⲉⲥⲑⲁⲓ ⲁⲛ ⲡⲉ ⲉϥϫⲱ ⲙⲙⲟⲥ ϫⲉ\nⲙⲡⲉⲣϯ ϩⲓⲥⲓ ⲛⲱⲧⲉⲛ ⲉⲕⲱϯ ⲛⲥⲁ ϩⲱⲃ ⲙⲡⲁⲓⲣⲏϯ ⲉⲑⲃⲏⲧ ϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲏⲓ ⲅⲁⲣ\nⲡⲟⲥ ϯ ⲙⲁϯ ⲁⲛ ⲉϫⲉⲛ ⲡⲁⲓⲥⲟϭⲛⲓ. ⲉⲩϯ ⲉϧⲟⲩⲛ ⲉϩⲣⲁϥ ϩⲱⲥ ⲁⲗⲟⲩ ⲛϫⲉ ⲛⲉϥⲓⲟϯ ⲡⲁⲗⲓⲛ ⲟⲛ ⲛⲁⲩϯ ϩⲟ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ⲉⲑⲣⲉϥⲑⲱⲧ ⲙⲡⲟⲩϩⲏⲧ ⲉⲁⲩⲉⲣ ⲡⲱⲃϣ ⲛϫⲉ","english":"He was a son of the promise, according to those who had gone before. Then little by little he grew strong, and in this way he began to work with his father in the care of this life, for the Lord God blessed them and delivered them from the beasts and the generations, so that all were amazed at the great works in their house. For they saw the condition of the child, the people of the village and the grace of God that shone forth from his face. Then the clergy of the village took charge of him and brought him to the bishop, and they urged him, saying, \"Let him be made a reader for us.\" And so it happened. But when his father and mother learned of it, they were grieved. Again they said, \"Let what is pleasing to the Lord happen.\" Then when he came of age, his parents took care of him, and his father and mother urged him to be joined to a wife. He, however, would not consent, saying, \"Do not trouble yourselves to seek such a thing for me, for I do not agree to this counsel at all.\" His parents pressed him as a child, and again they urged him to change his mind, but they were confounded.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲥⲙⲟⲩ","severity":"info","text":"The verb ⲥⲙⲟⲩ is rendered 'bless' here because the object is the parents (ⲉⲣⲱⲟⲩ). The glossary notes that when the object is God, it means 'praise'.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"external","lemma":"ⲁⲛⲁⲅⲛⲱⲥⲧⲏⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The term ⲁⲛⲁⲅⲛⲱⲥⲧⲏⲥ (anagnōstēs) designates a reader, the lowest clerical order in the early church, often a step toward higher orders.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲟⲩϣⲏⲣⲓ ⲡⲉ ⲛⲧⲉ ϯⲉⲡⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲓⲁ","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'son of the promise' echoes the angelic prophecy from the previous passage, linking Macarius's birth to divine foreordination and structuring the narrative as fulfillment.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲛⲓⲧⲉⲃⲛⲱⲟⲩⲓ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲛⲓⲅⲉⲛⲛⲏⲙⲁ","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase 'beasts and the generations' is ambiguous: ⲅⲉⲛⲛⲏⲙⲁ may mean 'generations' (i.e., pagan peoples) or 'tortures' (from γέννημα). The translation opts for 'generations' as a parallel to beasts, but the sense is uncertain.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"external","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The motif of a saint resisting marriage and being pressed by parents is common in Coptic hagiography, reflecting monastic ideals of celibacy and the tension with family expectations.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["ⲛⲓⲅⲉⲛⲛⲏⲙⲁ: could be 'generations' (pagan peoples) or 'tortures' (from γέννημα); the translation takes 'generations'.","ⲁⲩⲉⲣ ⲡⲱⲃϣ: 'they were confounded' or 'they were scattered'; the Coptic verb ⲡⲱⲃϣ can mean both, but the context favors 'confounded'."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲥⲙⲟⲩ","text":"ⲥⲙⲟⲩ → “bless”. The Coptic verb covers both 'bless' and 'praise'; the object decides — God is praised, a person is blessed."},{"kind":"homonym","severity":"caution","term":"ⲥⲙⲟⲩ","text":"ⲥⲙⲟⲩ carries more than one sense (praise); this passage takes it as “bless”. The choice is the translator's, not a lexical given."}]},{"i":12,"ref":"p12","source":"ⲛⲉϥⲓⲟϯ ⲛⲛⲏ ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲙⲙⲱⲟⲩ ⲉⲑⲃⲏⲧϥ. ⲡⲓⲁⲗⲟⲩ ⲇⲉ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲛⲁⲣⲉ\nⲡⲉϥⲣⲱⲟⲩϣ ⲧⲏⲣϥ ϧⲉⲛ ⲫ︦ϯ︦ ⲉϥⲉⲣ ⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲁⲛ ⲙⲙⲏⲛⲓ ϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲓⲅⲣⲁⲫⲏ ⲛⲉⲙ\nⲛⲓϫⲱⲙ ϧⲉⲛ ϯⲉⲕⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲡⲉϥⲏⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲟⲛ ⲁϥⲕⲁϯ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩϯ ϩⲑⲏϥ\nⲉⲛⲏ ⲉⲧⲉϥⲱϣ ⲙⲙⲱⲟⲩ ⲉⲩⲉⲣⲁⲛⲁⲅⲕⲁⲍⲉⲓⲛ ⲙⲙⲟϥ ϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ ⲛⲓⲕⲗⲏⲣⲓⲕⲟⲥ\nϩⲱⲥ ϫⲉ ⲉⲣⲉ ϯⲉⲕⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ ⲉⲣ ⲉⲛⲭⲣⲉⲓⲁ ⲙⲙⲟϥ ⲉⲡⲉⲥϣⲉⲙϣⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲉϥⲕⲉⲓⲟϯ ⲛⲁⲩϯ ⲙⲁϯ ⲉϫⲉⲛ ⲡⲁⲓϩⲱⲃ. ⲧⲟⲧⲉ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲉϥⲟⲩⲱϣ ⲁⲛ ⲁⲩϩⲟⲧⲡϥ\nⲛⲉⲙ ϯⲥϩⲓⲙⲓ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲛⲓⲑⲱϣ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲛⲓⲣⲱⲙⲓ ⲉⲣⲉ ⲡⲉϥϩⲏⲧ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲡⲉϥⲣⲱⲟⲩϣ ϧⲉⲛ ⲫ︦ϯ︦ ⲙⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲉⲧⲁⲓϫⲟⲥ ⲙⲡⲉϥϭⲓ ⲛⲉⲙ ϯⲥϩⲓⲙⲓ ϩⲟⲗⲱⲥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ\nⲙⲡⲉϥⲥⲟⲙⲥ ⲉⲣⲟⲥ ⲉⲡⲧⲏⲣϥ ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ⲁⲩϣⲁⲛϩⲓⲧϥ ⲉϧⲟⲩⲛ ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲥ ⲛⲉϣⲁϥϩⲓⲧϥ ⲉⲡϭⲗⲟϭ ϩⲱⲥ ϫⲉ ϥϣⲱⲛⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲁⲓⲣⲏϯ ⲛⲉϣⲁϥⲓ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲙⲙⲏⲛⲓ ⲡⲉ\nⲉϥⲧⲟⲩⲃⲏⲟⲩⲧ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲩⲉⲣⲥⲕⲉⲡⲁⲍⲉⲓⲛ ⲙⲙⲟϥ ϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ ⲧⲡⲣⲟⲛⲟⲓⲁ ⲙⲫ︦ϯ︦. ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲥⲓⲛⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲛϫⲉ ⲛⲓⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲓϩⲟⲡ ⲧⲟⲧⲉ ⲁⲩⲁⲓϥ ⲛⲇⲓⲁⲕⲱⲛ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁϥⲉⲣⲁⲓⲧⲉⲓⲛ ⲙⲡⲉϥⲓⲱⲧ ϫⲉ ϩⲓⲛⲁ ⲉⲑⲣⲉϥⲭⲁϥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲧⲉϥϣⲉ ϩⲱϥ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲛⲉϥⲉⲣⲅⲁⲧⲏⲥ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲛⲉϥϭⲁⲙⲟⲩⲗ ⲉⲡⲧⲱⲟⲩ ⲙⲡⲓϩⲟⲥⲉⲙ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲡⲓⲙⲏϣ ⲉⲧϩⲏⲗ\nⲉⲙⲁⲩ ϫⲉ ⲛⲧⲟⲩⲉⲛ ϩⲟⲥⲉⲙ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲫⲁⲓ ⲟⲩⲛ ⲁϥⲁⲓϥ ϫⲉ ϩⲓⲛⲁ ⲉϥⲉⲉⲣ\nⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲉⲫⲣⲱⲟⲩϣ ⲛϯⲥϩⲓⲙⲓ ⲉϣⲧⲉⲙⲉⲣⲁⲡⲁⲛⲧⲁⲛ ⲉⲣⲟⲥ ⲓⲥϫⲉⲛ ⲡⲁⲓⲛⲁⲩ ⲟⲩⲟϩ\nⲡⲁⲓⲣⲏϯ ⲡⲉ ⲉⲧⲁϥϣⲱⲡⲓ.","english":"His parents were among those who had spoken about him. The young Macarius, however, all his concern was in God, practicing meditation continually in the scriptures and the books in the church and in his home, and also he remained in a state of fear of those who would read them, that they would compel him through the clergy, as if the church had need of him for its service, and his parents gave consent to this matter. Then, against his will, they married him to a woman according to the customs of the people, but his heart and his concern were in God in the manner I have said. He did not take the woman at all, and he did not approach her entirely, but when they shut him in with her, he would go out to the latrine as if he were ill, and in this way he would go out continually, purified and protected by the providence of God. When the days of the marriage were completed, then they made him a deacon, and he asked his father that he might release him and that he himself might go with his laborers and his camels to the mountain of natron and the multitude that was there to gather natron, and this indeed he did, so that he might be free from the care of the woman, lest he meet her from that time on, and thus it happened.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲉⲕⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic term ⲉⲕⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ appears twice in this passage, referring both to the physical building (where Macarius studies) and to the institutional church (which may need him for service). The glossary notes that context decides the rendering.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"background","lemma":"ⲡⲓϩⲟⲥⲉⲙ","severity":"info","text":"The mountain of natron (ⲡⲓϩⲟⲥⲉⲙ) refers to the Wadi el-Natrun region in Egypt, a center of early monasticism. Macarius’s journey there to gather natron prefigures his later withdrawal to the desert as a monk.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁⲩϩⲟⲧⲡϥ ⲛⲉⲙ ϯⲥϩⲓⲙⲓ","severity":"info","text":"The forced marriage (ⲁⲩϩⲟⲧⲡϥ ⲛⲉⲙ ϯⲥϩⲓⲙⲓ) is a narrative pivot: it introduces a conflict between Macarius’s ascetic vocation and social expectations, resolved by his feigned illness and eventual departure to the desert.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"background","lemma":"ⲇⲓⲁⲕⲱⲛ","severity":"info","text":"Macarius’s ordination as deacon (ⲇⲓⲁⲕⲱⲛ) is a standard hagiographic motif, emphasizing his early piety and service. In Coptic tradition, this office often preceded monastic leadership, as seen in other lives of desert fathers.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲛⲓⲅⲣⲁⲫⲏ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲛⲓϫⲱⲙ","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase ⲛⲓⲅⲣⲁⲫⲏ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲛⲓϫⲱⲙ (the scriptures and the books) may be a scribal doubling or a distinction between biblical texts and other ecclesiastical writings. The Coptic does not specify which books are meant.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase ⲛⲓⲅⲣⲁⲫⲏ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲛⲓϫⲱⲙ could be a hendiadys or a distinction; the translation treats them as separate categories.","The clause ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲥⲓⲛⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲛϫⲉ ⲛⲓⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲓϩⲟⲡ (when the days of the marriage were completed) is ambiguous: it may mean the wedding festivities ended or that a period of cohabitation elapsed."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":13,"ref":"p13","source":"ⲙⲡⲓⲥⲏⲟⲩ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲙⲁⲩ ⲛⲉϣⲁⲩⲑⲱⲟⲩϣ ⲛϫⲉ\nϩⲁⲛ ⲙⲏϣ ⲛⲣⲱⲙⲓ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲛⲓϯⲙⲓ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲉⲧϧⲉⲛⲧ ⲉϣⲓⲏⲧ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲁⲓⲣⲏϯ\nⲛⲉϣⲁⲩⲉⲣ ⲟⲩϩⲏⲧ ⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧ ⲛⲥⲉϣⲉ ⲉϧⲟⲩⲛ ⲉⲡⲓⲧⲱⲟⲩ ⲛⲥⲉⲉⲛ ϩⲟⲥⲉⲙ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ\nϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲓϭⲁⲙⲟⲩⲗ ⲉⲩϯ ⲛⲧⲟⲧⲟⲩ ⲛⲛⲟⲩⲉⲣⲏⲟⲩ ⲉⲑⲃⲉ ϯϩⲟϯ ⲛⲛⲓⲃⲁⲣⲃⲁⲣⲟⲥ\nⲉⲧⲥⲁϧⲟⲩⲛ ⲙⲡⲓⲧⲱⲟⲩ ⲉⲑⲟⲩⲏⲟⲩ ⲛⲁⲓ ⲉⲑⲛⲏⲟⲩ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲕⲟⲩϫⲓ ⲉⲛⲓⲥⲁ\nⲛⲉⲙⲉⲛⲧ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲫⲓⲁⲣⲟ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲩⲉⲣⲁⲓⲭⲙⲁⲗⲱⲧⲉⲩⲉⲓⲛ ⲛⲛⲏ ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲁϣϫⲉⲙϫⲟⲙ ⲉⲣⲱⲟⲩ ⲛⲥⲉϩⲟⲗⲙⲟⲩ ⲛⲥⲉⲟⲗⲟⲩ ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲭⲱⲣⲁ. ⲉⲑⲃⲉ ⲫⲁⲓ ⲅⲁⲣ ϩⲱⲥ\nϫⲉ ⲉϥϩⲏⲗ ϩⲱϥ ⲛϫⲉ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲧⲁⲓⲥⲩⲛⲟⲇⲓⲁ ⲑⲁⲓ ⲙⲡⲁⲓⲥⲙⲟⲧ ⲁⲥⲉⲣ ⲕⲁϩⲥ ⲛⲱⲟⲩ ⲉⲙⲟⲩϯ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ ⲛⲁ ⲡⲉϥϯⲙⲓ ϫⲉ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ\nⲙⲁⲛ ϭⲁⲙⲟⲩⲗ. ⲁⲙⲉⲗⲉⲓ ⲟⲩⲛ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲓ ⲛⲟⲩⲥⲟⲡ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲛⲓⲙⲏϣ ϩⲱⲥ ϫⲉ ⲉⲩⲛⲁϣⲉ ⲛⲱⲟⲩ ⲟⲛ ⲉⲉⲛ ϩⲟⲥⲉⲙ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲁⲩⲫⲟϩ ⲉϩⲣⲏⲓ ⲉϫⲉⲛ ⲡϫⲟϣϫⲉϣ ⲛϯⲡⲉⲧⲣⲁ ⲥⲁ ⲡϣⲱⲓ ⲛϯϧⲉⲗⲗⲟⲧ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲉⲛⲕⲟⲧ ⲙⲙⲁⲩ ⲥⲁ ⲡϣⲱⲓ ⲙⲡⲓϣⲏⲓ\nϫⲉ ⲉⲩⲛⲁⲟⲗ ⲟⲩⲙⲉⲣⲟⲥ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲛⲓϩⲟⲥⲉⲙ ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲉⲣ ⲉⲛⲭⲣⲉⲓⲁ ⲙⲙⲟϥ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϧⲛ ϧⲏⲧϥ ⲧⲟⲧⲉ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓϧⲓⲥⲓ ⲁϥϩⲓⲛⲓⲙ ϩⲱϥ ⲛϫⲉ ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗϣⲓⲣⲓ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁϥⲉⲛⲕⲟⲧ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛϩⲣⲏⲓ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲉϫⲱⲣϩ ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲙⲁⲩ ⲁϥϫⲉⲙϥ\nϩⲱⲥ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲣⲁⲥⲟⲩⲓ ⲉⲣⲉ ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲟⲩⲣⲱⲙⲓ ⲟϩⲓ ⲉⲣⲁⲧϥ ⲥⲁ ⲡϣⲱⲓ ⲙⲙⲟϥ\nϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩϩⲉⲃⲥⲱ ⲉⲥϩⲓ ⲥⲉⲧⲉⲃⲣⲏϫ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲥⲟⲓ ⲛⲁⲟⲩⲓ ⲁⲟⲩⲁⲛ ⲟⲩⲟϩ\nⲉⲥⲟⲓ ⲛϧⲓⲣϧⲓⲣ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁϥⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲛⲉⲙⲁϥ ⲉϥϫⲱ ⲙⲙⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲧⲱⲛⲕ ⲟⲩⲟϩ\nϫⲟⲩϣⲧ ϩⲓϫⲉⲛ ⲡⲕⲩⲕⲗⲟⲥ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲧⲁⲓⲡⲉⲧⲣⲁ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲧⲁⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟⲧ ⲉⲧϧⲉⲛ ⲧⲉⲥⲙⲏϯ\nⲁⲛⲁⲩ ϫⲉ ⲉⲕⲛⲁⲩ ⲉⲟⲩ.","english":"At that time, many people from all the villages used to gather together, and in this way they would be of one heart and go into the mountain to gather salt from the camels, giving it to each other because of the fear of the barbarians who were inside the mountain, who came out little by little to the north side of the river and would take captive those whom they could overpower, and they would sell them and send them to another country. Because of this, therefore, since Abba Macarius himself was with this synodia, this group, in this manner, they made a plan for themselves, calling him by the name of his village, \"Macarius the Camel-Driver.\" He neglected, then, to take a turn with the multitudes, for they were going again to gather salt. They arrived at the top of the rock of Petra, above the valley, and they turned back there from the top of the mountain, for they would take a portion of the salt which they needed from it. Then, from the labor, the blessed young man himself also grew weary and turned back. And there, in that evening, he found himself as in a dream, with a man standing above him in a garment that was shining white, and it was radiant and shining, and he spoke to him, saying, \"Arise and look upon the circle of this Petra and this valley which is in the middle. See what you see.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic retains the Greek-derived address ⲁⲃⲃⲁ (Abba) for Macarius, a standard honorific in monastic literature, here rendered as 'Abba Macarius'.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲥⲩⲛⲟⲇⲓⲁ","severity":"info","text":"The Greek loanword ⲥⲩⲛⲟⲇⲓⲁ (synodia) denotes a traveling company or caravan, here glossed in the English as 'this group'.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲛⲓⲃⲁⲣⲃⲁⲣⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The 'barbarians' likely refer to raiding groups from the Eastern Desert or the Nile frontier, a recurring threat in late antique Egyptian hagiography.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲓⲧⲱⲟⲩ ⲛⲥⲉⲉⲛ ϩⲟⲥⲉⲙ","severity":"info","text":"The narrative shifts from a general description of communal salt-gathering to Macarius's individual experience, marked by the phrase 'from the labor, the blessed young man himself also grew weary'.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲙⲁⲛ ϭⲁⲙⲟⲩⲗ","severity":"info","text":"The epithet 'Macarius the Camel-Driver' (ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲙⲁⲛ ϭⲁⲙⲟⲩⲗ) is a local designation from his village, later subsumed by the title 'the Great' in the hagiographic tradition.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲓⲉϫⲱⲣϩ","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic ⲡⲓⲉϫⲱⲣϩ ('that evening') is ambiguous: it may refer to the same day as the salt-gathering or to a later evening; the English takes it as the same day.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase ⲡⲓⲉϫⲱⲣϩ ('that evening') could be the same evening as the salt-gathering or a subsequent one; the English reads it as the same day.","The identity of the 'man standing above him' is not explicitly named in this passage, though later tradition identifies him as an angel or Christ."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":14,"ref":"p14","source":"ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁⲓϫⲟⲩϣⲧ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲡⲉϫⲏⲓ ⲙⲫⲏ ⲉⲧⲥⲁϫⲓ\nⲛⲉⲙⲏⲓ ϫⲉ ϯⲛⲁⲩ ⲁⲛ ⲉϩⲗⲓ ⲉⲓⲙⲏⲧⲓ ⲉⲧⲁⲣⲭⲏ ⲙⲡⲓϩⲉⲗⲟⲥ ⲉϥⲥⲁ ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲛⲧ\nⲛϯϧⲉⲗⲗⲟⲧ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲓⲕⲉⲧⲱⲟⲩ ⲉⲧⲕⲱϯ ⲉⲣⲟⲥ ϯⲛⲁⲩ ⲉⲣⲟϥ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ\nⲛⲏⲓ ϫⲉ ⲛⲁⲓ ⲛⲉ ⲛⲏ ⲉⲧⲉϥϫⲱ ⲙⲙⲟⲥ ⲛϫⲉ ⲫϯ ϫⲉ ⲡⲁⲓⲕⲁϩⲓ ⲫⲁⲓ ϯⲛⲁⲧⲏⲓϥ\nⲛⲁⲕ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲕⲉϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲛϧⲏⲧϥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲕⲉⲫⲓⲣⲓ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲉⲕⲟⲩⲧⲁϩ ⲉϥⲉⲁⲓⲁⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲉⲕϫⲣⲟϫ ⲉϥⲉⲁϣⲁⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲕⲉϫⲫⲟ ⲛϩⲁⲛ ϣⲏⲣⲓ ⲙⲡⲛⲁⲧⲓⲕⲟⲛ\nⲟⲩⲟϩ ϩⲁⲛ ⲁⲣⲭⲱⲛ ⲉⲩⲉϣⲁⲛϣ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲉⲕⲙⲛⲟⲧ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲁⲓ ⲉⲩⲉⲭⲁⲩ\nⲛⲏⲅⲟⲩⲙⲉⲛⲟⲥ ⲉϫⲉⲛ ϩⲁⲛ ⲗⲁⲟⲥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲧⲉⲕⲛⲟⲩⲛⲓ ⲉⲥⲉϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲉⲥⲧⲁϫⲣⲏⲟⲩⲧ","english":"And when he had looked, he said to me, \"I see nothing except the beginning of the sun, which is shining to the south, and the other mountain that surrounds it, I see it.\" And he said to me, \"These are the ones of whom God says, 'This land I will give to you, and you shall dwell in it, and you shall go forth, and your cattle shall multiply, and your flock shall increase, and you shall beget spiritual children, and rulers shall come forth from your loins, and they shall be placed as governors over peoples, and your foundation shall be established.'","structure":"dialogue","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲗⲁⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Greek loanword ⲗⲁⲟⲥ (λαός) here refers to the peoples over whom the spiritual children will be placed as governors, echoing the biblical sense of a community or nation.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲫϯ ϫⲉ ⲡⲁⲓⲕⲁϩⲓ ⲫⲁⲓ ϯⲛⲁⲧⲏⲓϥ ⲛⲁⲕ","severity":"info","text":"The divine promise 'This land I will give to you' echoes the covenantal language of the Old Testament, particularly the land grant to Abraham (Gen 12:7; 13:14–17) and the promise to Israel (Exod 3:8).","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁⲣⲭⲱⲛ","severity":"info","text":"The term ⲁⲣⲭⲱⲛ (ἄρχων) denotes a ruler or magistrate in late antique Egypt, often a local official or a monastic leader with authority over a community.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage is a direct speech within a dialogue, introduced by ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲡⲉϫⲏⲓ (he said to me), and contains a prophetic oracle attributed to God, framed as a quotation.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The promise of spiritual children and rulers from Macarius's loins reflects the hagiographic topos of the saint as a founder of monastic generations, a theme common in Coptic Lives of desert fathers.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase ⲡⲓϩⲉⲗⲟⲥ ⲉϥⲥⲁ ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲛⲧ (the sun shining to the south) is ambiguous: it may refer to a literal solar phenomenon or be a metaphor for divine illumination.","The identity of the speaker (ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ) is not explicitly named in this passage; from context it is likely Macarius addressing the narrator."],"confidence":"high","notes":[{"kind":"structure","severity":"info","label":"dialogue","text":"Classified as dialogue from the Coptic cues."},{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲗⲁⲟⲥ","text":"ⲗⲁⲟⲥ → “people”. Greek λαός. In liturgical description it is the congregation as distinct from the clergy, i.e. the laity."},{"kind":"homonym","severity":"caution","term":"ⲗⲁⲟⲥ","text":"ⲗⲁⲟⲥ carries more than one sense (laity); this passage takes it as “people”. The choice is the translator's, not a lexical given."}]},{"i":15,"ref":"p15","source":"ⲉϫⲉⲛ ϯⲡⲉⲧⲣⲁ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲓⲗⲁⲟⲥ ⲉⲧⲉⲕⲛⲁϫⲫⲟϥ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲉⲥⲃⲱⲟⲩⲓ ϯⲛⲁⲥⲙⲟⲩ ⲉⲛⲉϥⲕⲗⲁⲇⲟⲥ ϩⲱⲥⲧⲉ ⲛⲥⲉϯ ⲱⲟⲩ ⲙⲡⲟ︦ⲥ︦ ⲫ︦ϯ︦ ϣⲁ ⲛⲉⲁⲧ ⲙⲡⲕⲁϩⲓ\nⲧⲏⲣϥ ⲉϩⲣⲏⲓ ⲉϫⲉⲛ ⲡⲉⲕⲉⲣ ⲫⲙⲉⲩⲓ ⲉⲑⲛⲁⲛⲉϥ. ⲧⲱⲛⲕ ⲟⲩⲛ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲛⲕⲟⲧ\nⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲙⲁϣⲉ ⲛⲁⲕ ⲉⲡⲉⲕⲙⲱⲓⲧ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩϩⲉⲓⲣⲏⲛⲏ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲙⲁ ϩⲑⲏⲕ ⲛⲕⲁⲗⲱⲥ ⲉⲛⲏ ⲉⲧⲁⲕⲥⲟⲑⲙⲟⲩ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲛⲏ ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲧⲁⲙⲟⲕ ⲉⲣⲱⲟⲩ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲙⲉⲛⲉⲛⲥⲁ\nⲛⲁⲓ ϩⲏⲡⲡⲉ ϯⲛⲁⲟⲩⲟⲛϩⲧ ⲉⲣⲟⲕ ⲟⲛ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁϣⲁⲛⲉⲣ ⲟⲩⲧⲉⲗⲉⲓⲟⲥ ϯⲛⲁ ⲟⲩⲟⲛϩⲧ ⲉⲣⲟⲕ ⲛⲧⲁⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲕ ⲡⲣⲟ ⲟⲩⲃⲉ ⲣⲟ ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲟ︦ⲥ︦ ⲫ︦ϯ︦ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲛⲁⲩ\nⲙⲡⲉⲣⲧⲁⲙⲉ ϩⲗⲓ ⲉⲡⲓϩⲟⲣⲁⲙⲁ ⲉⲧⲁⲕⲛⲁⲩ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ϣⲁ ⲟⲩⲥⲏⲟⲩ. ⲉⲧⲁϥⲧⲱⲛϥ\nⲇⲉ ⲛϫⲉ ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗϣⲓⲣⲓ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲉⲛⲕⲟⲧ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁ ⲡϣⲱⲣⲡ\nϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲁϥⲉⲣ ⲙⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲛⲛⲏ ⲉⲧⲧⲟⲙⲧ ⲉϥⲙⲉⲩⲓ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲉⲛⲏ ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲙⲙⲱⲟⲩ\nⲛⲉⲙⲁϥ ⲛⲉⲙ ϯⲟⲡⲧⲁⲥⲓⲁ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲛⲁⲩ ⲉⲣⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲏⲓ ⲛⲁϥϭⲟⲛⲧ ⲁⲛ ⲡⲉ ⲉϩⲱⲃ\nⲙⲡⲁⲓⲣⲏϯ. ⲉⲩϣⲓⲛⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲙⲙⲟϥ ⲛϫⲉ ⲛⲉϥϣⲫⲏⲣ ϫⲉ ⲟⲩ ⲡⲉ ⲡⲁⲓⲧⲱⲙⲛⲧ\nⲉⲧⲁϥϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲙⲙⲟⲕ ⲛⲁϥⲉⲣ ⲟⲩⲱ ⲛⲉϩⲗⲓ ⲁⲛ ⲡⲉ ⲉⲡⲧⲏⲣϥ. ⲙⲉⲛⲉⲛⲥⲁ\nⲅ̄ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ ⲁϥⲧⲁⲥⲑⲟ ⲉⲡⲉϥⲏⲓ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲧⲱⲟⲩ ⲙⲡⲓϩⲟⲥⲉⲙ ⲟⲩⲟϩ\nⲁϥϫⲉⲙ ϯⲥϩⲓⲙⲓ ⲉⲁⲩⲁⲙⲟⲛⲓ ⲙⲙⲟⲥ ϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩϧⲙⲟⲙ ⲉⲧϩⲟⲣϣ ⲙⲙⲁϣⲱ\nⲉⲡⲓϩⲟⲩⲟ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲙⲡⲁⲛⲧⲉ ⲉⲥⲕⲓ ϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲁϥϫⲉⲙ ⲡⲉⲥϣⲓⲛⲓ ⲛϫⲉ ⲫ︦ϯ︦ ⲟⲩⲟϩ","english":"upon the rock and the people whom you will bring forth from her teachings, I will bless her branches so that they may give glory to God until the ends of the whole earth, down upon your good remembrance. Arise, then, from the sleep and go on your way in peace, and prepare yourself well for those whom you have heard and those who have been revealed to you. And after these things, behold, I will reveal myself to you again, and when you become perfect, I will reveal myself to you and speak with you face to face. The Lord God said, and see, do not tell anyone about the vision you have seen until a certain time. When the blessed old man Macarius arose from the sleep, and when the morning came, he became like those who are astonished, thinking about the things that had been spoken to him and the vision he had seen, for it was not a small matter of this kind. His companions were asking him, \"What is this astonishment that has come upon you? It is nothing at all.\" After three days, however, he returned to his house from the mountain of Pispir, and he found the woman who had been afflicted by a severe fever, and she was about to die. He found her inquiry from God, and","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩϩⲉⲓⲣⲏⲛⲏ","severity":"info","text":"The phrase ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩϩⲉⲓⲣⲏⲛⲏ (in peace) is a liturgical formula common in colophons, not a comment on civil order. Here it marks a blessing for the journey.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲟⲥ ⲫϯ","severity":"info","text":"The phrase ⲡⲟⲥ ⲫϯ (the Lord God) echoes the divine title in the Old Testament (e.g., LXX Genesis 2:4). The command to keep the vision secret until a certain time recalls Daniel 2:2–3 and apocalyptic secrecy motifs.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲧⲱⲟⲩ ⲙⲡⲓϩⲟⲥⲉⲙ","severity":"info","text":"The mountain of Pispir (ⲡⲓϩⲟⲥⲉⲙ) is a known location in the Nitrian desert, associated with Macarius of Egypt. It is often identified with the site of his monastic settlement.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage transitions from a visionary command (arise, go in peace) to Macarius’s astonishment and return to his house, forming a narrative hinge between revelation and action.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲉⲧⲁϥⲧⲱⲛϥ","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic ⲉⲧⲁϥⲧⲱⲛϥ (when he arose) is ambiguous: it could mean waking from sleep or rising from a seated position. The context of sleep (ⲡⲓⲉⲛⲕⲟⲧ) supports the former, but the verb is not specific.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase ⲉⲧⲁϥⲧⲱⲛϥ may mean either 'arose from sleep' or 'stood up'; the context of ⲡⲓⲉⲛⲕⲟⲧ (sleep) favors the former.","The identity of the woman with fever is not specified; she may be a figure from earlier in the narrative or a new character."],"confidence":"high","notes":[{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲉⲓⲣⲏⲛⲏ","text":"ⲉⲓⲣⲏⲛⲏ → “peace”. Greek εἰρήνη. ⲛ̄ ⲟⲩⲉⲓⲣⲏⲛⲏ in a colophon is the liturgical formula 'in peace', not a comment on civil order."}]},{"i":16,"ref":"p16","source":"ⲉⲧⲁϥⲛⲁⲩ ⲇⲉ ⲛϫⲉ ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗϣⲓⲣⲓ ⲉⲫⲏ ⲉⲧⲁϥϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲁϥⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲛⲉⲙⲁϥ ϧⲁⲣⲓ\nϧⲁⲣⲟϥ ⲉϥϫⲱ ⲙⲙⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲁⲣⲓ ⲙⲉⲧⲁϣⲓⲣⲓ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ ⲉⲣⲟⲕ ⲉⲑⲃⲉ\nⲡⲟⲩϫⲁⲓ ⲛⲧⲉⲕⲯⲩⲭⲏ ϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲏⲓ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲡⲕⲉ ⲛⲑⲟⲕ ϩⲱⲕ ⲥⲉⲛⲁϫⲉⲙ ⲡⲉⲕϣⲓⲛⲓ.\nⲉϥϯ ⲇⲉ ⲉⲡⲁⲛⲁⲓ ϧⲉⲛ ϯⲉⲕⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉϥⲉⲣⲁⲅⲁⲡⲁⲛ ⲛⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ ϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ ⲡⲉϥⲛⲓϣϯ ⲛⲑⲉⲃⲓⲟ ⲁⲩⲙⲉⲛⲣⲓⲧϥ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲓⲥϫⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲕⲟⲩϫⲓ ϣⲁ ⲟⲩⲛⲓϣϯ\nⲙⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲛⲟⲩϣⲏⲣⲓ ⲛⲓⲇⲓⲟⲛ ⲛⲧⲱⲟⲩ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲁⲩⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲉⲑⲃⲏⲧϥ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲡⲉ\nⲉⲩⲛⲁⲩ ⲉⲧⲉϥⲡⲣⲟⲕⲟⲡⲏ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲡⲓϩⲙⲟⲧ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲫ︦ϯ︦ ⲉⲧⲭⲏ ⲛⲉⲙⲁϥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲁⲩϫⲱ ⲙⲙⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲟⲩϩⲁⲣⲁ ⲡⲉⲑⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲙⲡⲁⲓⲁⲗⲟⲩ ⲓⲉ ⲉⲧⲁϥϫⲓⲙⲓ ⲛⲑⲱⲛ\nⲛⲧⲁⲓⲥⲃⲱ. ⲟⲩ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲛⲁϥⲙⲟϣⲓ ⲁⲛ ⲡⲉ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲛⲓϧⲉⲗϣⲓⲣⲓ ⲙⲡⲉϥⲥⲙⲟⲧ ⲁⲗⲗⲁ\nⲛⲁϥⲟⲓ ⲛϣⲫⲏⲣ ⲛⲑⲱⲟⲩϯ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲛⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟⲓ ⲛⲓⲣⲉⲙ ⲛⲥⲭⲓⲙ ⲛⲁⲓ ⲉⲧⲉ ⲟⲩⲟⲛ\nⲛⲧⲱⲟⲩ ⲙⲙⲁⲩ ⲙⲡϩⲏⲧ ⲛϯⲙⲉⲧϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲁⲩϫⲱ ⲙⲙⲟⲥ ⲡⲉ ⲛϫⲉ\nⲛⲏ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲉⲧⲥⲱⲟⲩⲛ ⲙⲙⲟϥ ϫⲉ ⲁⲗⲏⲑⲱⲥ ⲟⲩⲥⲙⲟⲧ ⲛⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ ⲡⲉ ⲡⲁⲓϧⲉⲗϣⲓⲣⲓ. ⲡⲉϥⲓⲱⲧ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲧⲉϥⲙⲁⲩ ⲛⲁϥϩⲟⲗϫ ⲛⲁϩⲣⲁⲩ ⲡⲉ ⲉⲙⲁϣⲱ ⲟⲩⲟϩ\nⲉⲩⲛⲁⲩ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ⲉⲁϥⲙⲉⲛⲣⲉ ⲫ︦ϯ︦ ⲛⲧⲁⲓϧⲉ ⲧⲏⲣⲥ ⲛⲟⲩⲣⲁϣⲓ ⲡⲉ ⲙⲁⲗⲓⲥⲧⲁ ⲛⲉϣⲁⲩϫⲉⲙϥ ⲛⲟⲩⲙⲏϣ ⲛⲥⲟⲡ ⲉϥϧⲉⲛ ϩⲁⲛ ⲙⲱⲓⲧ ⲙⲙⲁⲩⲁⲧϥ ⲉϥϣⲗⲏⲗ","english":"When the old man saw what had happened, he spoke with him, blessing him, saying, \"Macarius, make yourself a disciple for the sake of the salvation of your soul, for truly, even you yourself will find your reward.\"\n\nHe then entered into the church and began to love everyone through his great humility, and all loved him, from the small to the great, as if he were their own son. And all spoke about him, seeing his progress and the grace of God that was with him, and they said, \"What joy will come to this youth, or what teaching has he found? For he does not walk with the young men of his age, but he is a companion of the old men, the poor monks, those who have the heart of the monastic life.\" And all who knew him said, \"Truly, this young man is an angelic figure.\" His father and mother rejoiced greatly before them, and seeing that he loved God in this way, they were filled with joy, especially since they often found him alone on the roads, praying.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲉⲕⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic ⲉⲕⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ (from Greek ἐκκλησία) here refers to the church building, as Macarius enters it; the context does not suggest the congregation or institution.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic ⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ (Greek ἄγγελος) is used in the phrase ⲟⲩⲥⲙⲟⲧ ⲛⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ, 'an angelic figure,' a common hagiographic trope comparing the ascetic to an angel; 'messenger' is not intended here.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ϣⲗⲏⲗ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic ϣⲗⲏⲗ means 'pray'; Macarius is found alone on the roads praying, a detail emphasizing his solitary devotion.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"external","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The description of Macarius as a companion of 'old men, the poor monks' (ⲛⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟⲓ ⲛⲓⲣⲉⲙ ⲛⲥⲭⲓⲙ) reflects the Coptic monastic ideal of humility and association with experienced ascetics, a common theme in the Life.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"external","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'truly, this young man is an angelic figure' (ⲁⲗⲏⲑⲱⲥ ⲟⲩⲥⲙⲟⲧ ⲛⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ ⲡⲉ ⲡⲁⲓϧⲉⲗϣⲓⲣⲓ) echoes a widespread hagiographic motif that influenced later Coptic and Ethiopic portrayals of ascetic sanctity.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The Coptic ⲛⲁϥⲟⲓ ⲛϣⲫⲏⲣ ⲛⲑⲱⲟⲩϯ (line 10) is ambiguous: it could mean 'he was a companion of them' or 'he was a companion of the same kind'; the reading 'companion of them' is taken, referring to the old monks."],"confidence":"high","notes":[{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ϣⲗⲏⲗ","text":"ϣⲗⲏⲗ → “pray”. Standard rendering; first occurrence is noted here, the term recurs below."}]},{"i":17,"ref":"p17","source":"ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲟⲛ ⲉϥⲓⲣⲓ ⲙⲡⲓⲛⲁⲓ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲛⲏ ⲉⲧϣⲁⲧ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉϥϫⲉⲙ ⲡϣⲓⲛⲓ ⲛⲛⲏ ⲉⲧϣⲱⲛⲓ ⲟⲩⲕⲉⲧⲓ ⲗⲟⲓⲡⲟⲛ ⲙⲡⲟⲩ ϫⲉ ⲓⲛⲓ ⲛⲁϩⲣⲁϥ ⲙⲡⲉⲣ ⲫⲙⲉⲩⲓ ⲙⲡⲓϫⲓ ⲛϭⲓ\nⲥϩⲓⲙⲓ ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ⲛⲁⲩⲥⲟⲙⲥ ⲉⲡⲉϥⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲙⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲙⲫ︦ϯ︦ ⲉⲩⲛⲁⲩ ⲉⲡⲓϩⲙⲟⲧ ⲉⲧⲭⲏ ϩⲓϫⲱϥ ⲉϥⲉⲣ ϩⲉⲙⲓ ⲙⲙⲟϥ ⲓⲥϫⲉⲛ ⲧⲉϥⲙⲉⲧⲁⲗⲟⲩ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉϥⲉⲣⲑⲁⲗⲡⲉⲓⲛ ⲛⲧⲉϥⲯⲩⲭⲏ ⲙⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲛⲟⲩⲙⲟⲛⲓ ⲙⲁⲗⲓⲥⲧⲁ ⲁⲩⲉⲣ ⲫⲙⲉⲩⲓ ⲉⲡϧⲁⲓⲉ\nϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲉⲡⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲓⲁ ⲡⲉ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲁⲩϯ ⲙⲧⲟⲛ ⲛⲁϥ ⲡⲉ ϧⲉⲛ ϩⲱⲃ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ. ⲛⲑⲟϥ\nⲇⲉ ϩⲱϥ ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗϣⲓⲣⲓ ⲉϥⲛⲁⲩ ⲉϯⲙⲉⲧϣⲁⲙϣⲉ ⲛⲟⲩϯ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲛⲉϥⲓⲟϯ ⲛⲁϥϣⲉⲙϣⲓ ⲙⲙⲱⲟⲩ ⲡⲉ ϧⲉⲛ ϩⲱⲃ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉϥⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ ⲛⲥⲱⲟⲩ ⲙⲫⲣⲏϯ\nⲛⲟⲩⲃⲱⲕ ⲛⲁϩⲣⲉⲛ ⲛⲉϥϭⲓⲥⲉⲩ. ⲉⲧⲁϥⲉⲣ ⲛⲟⲙⲟⲥ ⲇⲉ ⲛϫⲉ ⲡⲓⲁⲗⲟⲩ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲓ ⲉϯϩⲏⲗⲓⲕⲓⲁ ⲉⲧϫⲏⲕ\nⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲧⲟⲧⲉ ⲁϥⲉⲣ ϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ϩⲱϥ ⲛϫⲉ ⲡⲉϥⲓⲱⲧ ⲉⲁϥⲭⲁ ⲟⲩⲱⲓⲛⲓ ⲙⲫⲣⲏϯ\nⲛⲓⲥⲁⲁⲕ ⲡⲓⲡⲁⲧⲣⲓⲁⲣⲭⲏⲥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲉⲣ ⲁⲧϫⲟⲙ ⲛⲧⲉⲛ ⲡⲁϣⲁⲓ ⲙⲡⲓⲭⲣⲟⲛⲟⲥ ⲛⲁϥϣⲧⲏⲟⲩⲧ ⲗⲟⲓⲡⲟⲛ ϩⲓϫⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲙⲁⲛⲕⲟⲧ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲫⲏ ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲁⲃ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲛⲁϥⲙⲏⲛ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ⲡⲉ ⲉϥϣⲉⲙϣⲓ ⲙⲙⲟϥ ⲉϥⲉⲣⲁⲓⲧⲉⲓⲛ ⲙⲙⲟϥ ⲛⲛⲁⲩ\nⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ ϩⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲛⲁϩϯ ⲉⲑⲣⲉϥⲥⲙⲟⲩ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲁⲓⲣⲏϯ ⲁⲥϣⲱⲡⲓ. ⲉⲧⲁⲩϫⲱⲕ ⲇⲉ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲛϫⲉ ⲛⲉϥϩⲟⲟⲩ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲙⲉⲧϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲉⲛⲁⲛⲉⲥ ⲁϥⲥⲟⲩⲧⲱⲛⲧϥ\nⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁϥⲙⲧⲟⲛ ⲙⲙⲟϥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲩⲑⲟⲙⲥϥ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲡⲉⲧⲧⲟⲙⲓ. ⲉⲧⲁϥⲉⲛⲕⲟⲧ ⲇⲉ ⲛϫⲉ ⲡⲉϥⲓⲱⲧ ⲥⲁⲧⲟⲧϥ ⲁⲥⲓ ⲉϩⲣⲏⲓ ⲉϫⲉⲛ ⲡⲉϥϩⲏⲧ ϫⲉ ϩⲓⲛⲁ ⲉϥⲉⲭⲱ\nⲛⲥⲱϥ ⲙⲡⲁⲓⲃⲓⲟⲥ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲛⲉϥⲣⲱⲟⲩϣ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲧⲉϥⲓ ⲉϫⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲣⲱⲟⲩϣ ⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧ\nⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲧⲉϥⲥⲣⲱϥⲧ ⲉϯ ⲛⲟⲩⲡⲣⲟⲥⲉⲩⲭⲏ ⲙⲙⲁⲩⲁⲧϥ ⲙⲫ︦ϯ︦ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲙⲉⲧⲁⲧϭⲓ ϩⲣⲁϥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲁⲓⲣⲏϯ ⲁϥⲉⲣ ϩⲏⲧⲥ ⲛϫⲱⲣ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲙⲫⲏ ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲧⲁϥ ⲛⲕⲟⲩϫⲓ\nⲕⲟⲩϫⲓ.","english":"And also he did this with those who were poor and he sought the healing of those who were sick. No longer did they say, \"Bring him before me,\" nor did they remember the woman, but they were comforted by his word as by God, seeing the grace that was upon him. He would remain steadfast from his youth and would warm his soul like a monk, especially since they remembered the desert, that it was a promise, and they gave him rest in every work. He himself, however, the young man, seeing the divine service of his fathers, would serve them in every work and would obey them like a servant before his masters. When the child had grown and had reached the full age, then his father also became old, having left a light like Isaac the patriarch. And when he had become weak with the increase of time, his eyes were dimmed, and the holy Macarius continued to attend to him, serving him, ministering to him at all times with faith, that he might bless him. And thus it happened. When his days were completed in a good old age, he stretched himself out and rested, and they buried him according to custom. When his father had fallen asleep, immediately it came upon his heart that he might leave behind this life and its cares and take upon himself a single care and devote himself to prayer alone to God in solitude. And thus he began to strive earnestly, little by little.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲯⲩⲭⲏ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic ⲯⲩⲭⲏ (Greek ψυχή) is rendered 'soul' here, but in context of 'warming his soul like a monk' it carries the sense of the inner life or spirit, not the living person.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲥⲙⲟⲩ","severity":"info","text":"The verb ⲥⲙⲟⲩ is used when Macarius seeks his father's blessing; the glossary notes that when the object is a person, the sense is 'bless' rather than 'praise'.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲓⲥⲁⲁⲕ ⲡⲓⲡⲁⲧⲣⲓⲁⲣⲭⲏⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The comparison of Macarius' father to Isaac the patriarch echoes the biblical Isaac (Genesis), who in old age blessed his sons; the hagiography models the father's blessing on that patriarchal type.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲓⲙⲁⲛⲕⲟⲧ","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'his eyes were dimmed' (ⲛⲁϥϣⲧⲏⲟⲩⲧ) reflects a common hagiographic topos of the holy elder's physical decline, emphasizing Macarius' devoted service.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage transitions from Macarius' youthful service to his father's death and his own decision to embrace the solitary ascetic life, marking a pivotal turn in the narrative.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁⲩⲉⲣ ⲫⲙⲉⲩⲓ ⲉⲡϧⲁⲓⲉ","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase 'they remembered the desert' (ⲁⲩⲉⲣ ⲫⲙⲉⲩⲓ ⲉⲡϧⲁⲓⲉ) is ambiguous: it may refer to the community's memory of the desert tradition or to Macarius' own recollection; the English draft takes the latter reading.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The subject of 'they remembered the desert' is unclear: it could be the community or Macarius himself.","The phrase 'he would warm his soul like a monk' (ⲉϥⲉⲣⲑⲁⲗⲡⲉⲓⲛ ⲛⲧⲉϥⲯⲩⲭⲏ ⲙⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲛⲟⲩⲙⲟⲛⲓ) may imply either spiritual fervor or literal warmth; the context favors spiritual meaning."],"confidence":"high","notes":[{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲯⲩⲭⲏ","text":"ⲯⲩⲭⲏ → “soul”. Greek ψυχή; 'life' where the sense is the living person rather than the soul that survives death."},{"kind":"homonym","severity":"caution","term":"ⲯⲩⲭⲏ","text":"ⲯⲩⲭⲏ carries more than one sense (life); this passage takes it as “soul”. The choice is the translator's, not a lexical given."}]},{"i":18,"ref":"p18","source":"ⲉⲧⲁⲥⲉⲙⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲛϫⲉ ⲧⲉϥⲙⲁⲩ ⲁⲥⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲛⲉⲙⲁϥ ⲟⲩⲧⲱⲥ ⲛⲉⲙⲁϥ ⲉⲥϫⲱ\nⲙⲙⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲡⲁϣⲏⲣⲓ ⲟⲩ ⲡⲉ ⲫⲁⲓ ⲉⲧⲉⲕⲓⲣⲓ ⲙⲙⲟϥ ⲓⲥ ϩⲏⲡⲡⲉ ⲛⲑⲟⲕ ⲟⲩϧⲉⲗϣⲓⲣⲓ\nⲁⲛⲁⲩ ⲙⲡⲉⲣⲧⲁⲕⲉ ⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲧⲁⲕ ⲛⲧⲉⲕⲉⲣ ϧⲁⲉ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲁⲓⲣⲏϯ ⲛⲧⲉⲕⲉⲣ ⲉⲣⲅⲁⲧⲏⲥ ⲛϩⲁⲛ ⲕⲉⲭⲱⲟⲩⲛⲓ. ⲛⲑⲟϥ ⲇⲉ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲁⲥ ϩⲱⲥ ⲛϥⲟⲩⲱϣ ⲁⲛ ⲉϯ\nⲙⲕⲁϩ ⲙⲡⲉⲥϩⲏⲧ ϫⲉ ⲫⲏ ⲉⲧⲁⲣⲉϫⲟϥ ⲛⲏⲓ ϯⲛⲁⲁⲓϥ ⲡⲉϥⲥⲟϭⲛⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲁϥⲭⲁϥ ϧⲉⲛ\nⲡⲉϥϩⲏⲧ. ⲙⲉⲛⲉⲛⲥⲁ ⲋ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲁⲃⲟⲧ ⲛⲉⲙ ϩⲁⲛ ⲕⲟⲩϫⲓ ⲛⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ ⲁ ⲡⲟⲥ ϫⲉⲙ\nⲡϣⲓⲛⲓ ⲛϯⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲁ ⲛϧⲉⲗⲗⲱ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁⲥⲙⲧⲟⲛ ⲙⲙⲟⲥ ⲁⲩⲭⲱ ⲙⲡⲉⲥⲥⲱⲙⲁ ϧⲁⲧⲉⲛ ⲫⲁ ⲡⲓⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲙⲡⲣⲉⲥⲃⲩⲧⲉⲣⲟⲥ. ⲡⲓⲛⲁⲓⲁⲧϥ ϫⲉ ϯⲛⲟⲩ\nⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲥⲱϫⲡ ⲙⲙⲁⲩⲁⲧϥ ⲁⲩⲕⲱϯ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ⲛϫⲉ ϩⲁⲛ ⲙⲏϣ ⲛⲗⲟⲅⲓⲥⲙⲟⲥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲉϥⲙⲉⲩⲓ ⲛⲁϥⲉⲣⲑⲁⲣⲣⲉⲓⲛ ⲙⲙⲟϥ ⲛⲣⲱⲙⲓ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ ⲁⲛ ⲡⲉ.","english":"When his mother learned of it, she spoke with him directly, saying to him, \"My son, what is this that you are doing? Behold, you are a poor man. Look, do not destroy what you have, and do not act foolishly. And in this manner, do not act as a laborer for other people.\" But he said to her, as he did not wish to grieve her heart, \"He who gave it to me, I will take it.\" His counsel, however, he kept in his heart. After six months and a few days, God found the old woman of blessed memory, and when she had rested, they placed her body beside that of the blessed priest. The blessed one, now that he was alone, was surrounded by many thoughts, and his mind was not at all emboldened by anyone.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"sense","kind":"sense","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲟⲩϧⲉⲗϣⲓⲣⲓ","severity":"info","text":"The mother calls Macarius a 'poor man' (ⲟⲩϧⲉⲗϣⲓⲣⲓ), but the Coptic term can also mean 'wretched' or 'miserable', reflecting her concern for his social and material state.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲁ","severity":"info","text":"ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲁ (blessedness) is a Greek loanword (μακαρία) used in Coptic hagiography to denote a state of sanctity or divine favor, here applied to the old woman.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"external","lemma":"ⲡⲣⲉⲥⲃⲩⲧⲉⲣⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The 'blessed priest' (ⲡⲓⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲙⲡⲣⲉⲥⲃⲩⲧⲉⲣⲟⲥ) likely refers to a local presbyter whose burial site becomes a locus of veneration, a common motif in Coptic desert asceticism.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲙⲉⲛⲉⲛⲥⲁ ⲋ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲁⲃⲟⲧ","severity":"info","text":"The temporal marker 'after six months and a few days' (ⲙⲉⲛⲉⲛⲥⲁ ⲋ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲁⲃⲟⲧ) signals a narrative transition, compressing time to move from Macarius' domestic conflict to his solitary crisis.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲉϥⲥⲟϭⲛⲓ","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase 'his counsel, however, he kept in his heart' (ⲡⲉϥⲥⲟϭⲛⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲁϥⲭⲁϥ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲉϥϩⲏⲧ) is ambiguous: it may mean he concealed his true intention from his mother, or that he resolved inwardly to follow his own plan.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"external","lemma":"ⲗⲟⲅⲓⲥⲙⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"ⲗⲟⲅⲓⲥⲙⲟⲥ (thoughts) is a technical term in Egyptian monastic literature for distracting or demonic thoughts, as in Evagrius' 'Praktikos', indicating Macarius' spiritual struggle.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of the 'blessed priest' (ⲡⲓⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲙⲡⲣⲉⲥⲃⲩⲧⲉⲣⲟⲥ) is not specified; he may be a local figure or a narrative device. The phrase 'he who gave it to me' (ⲫⲏ ⲉⲧⲁⲣⲉϫⲟϥ ⲛⲏⲓ) is ambiguous: it could refer to God or a human benefactor. The reading taken assumes a divine referent, consistent with Macarius' piety."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":19,"ref":"p19","source":"ⲉⲧⲁ ⲟⲩⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ ⲇⲉ ⲛϣⲁⲓ ϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲁⲥⲓ ⲉϩⲣⲏⲓ ⲉϫⲉⲛ ⲡⲉϥϩⲏⲧ ⲉⲑⲁϩⲉⲙ ⲛⲏ\nⲉⲧⲉⲣ ϧⲁⲓⲉ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲛⲓϫⲱⲃ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲓⲣⲓ ⲙⲡⲓⲛⲁⲓ ⲛⲉⲙⲱⲟⲩ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲧⲉϥⲕⲁϩⲥ ϫⲉ\nϩⲓⲛⲁ ⲉⲩⲉⲉⲣ ⲫⲙⲉⲩⲓ ⲛⲛⲉϥⲓⲟϯ. ⲛⲉ ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲟⲩⲁⲛⲁⲭⲱⲣⲓⲧⲏⲥ ⲇⲉ ϩⲓ ⲫⲟⲩⲉⲓ\nⲙⲡⲉϥϯⲙⲓ ⲉⲣⲉ ϫⲱϥ ⲙⲉⲛ ⲣⲏⲧ ⲉϥⲉⲣ ϩⲟϯ ϧⲁ ⲧϩⲏ ⲙⲫ︦ϯ︦ ⲉⲙⲁϣⲱ ⲟⲩⲟϩ\nⲉϥⲉⲣⲏⲥⲩⲭⲁⲍⲉⲓⲛ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲕⲟⲩϫⲓ ⲙⲙⲟⲛⲏ ϧⲁⲣⲓ ϧⲁⲣⲟϥ. ⲉⲧⲁϥⲣⲁⲟⲩⲱ ⲇⲉ\nϧⲉⲛ ϯⲉⲕⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ ⲙⲡⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲙⲁⲩ ⲉⲑⲃⲉ ϫⲉ ⲛⲉ ⲙⲙⲟⲛ ⲡⲣⲉⲥⲃⲩⲧⲉⲣⲟⲥ ϧⲉⲛ ⲧⲉϥⲙⲟⲛⲏ ⲁⲛ ⲡⲉ ⲉⲑⲣⲉϥϭⲓ ⲥⲙⲟⲩ ⲛⲧⲟⲧϥ ⲧⲟⲧⲉ ⲁϥⲉⲣⲁⲓⲧⲉⲓⲛ\nⲙⲙⲟϥ ⲛϫⲉ ⲡⲓⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ϩⲓⲛⲁ ⲉϥⲉⲣⲁⲟⲩⲱ ϩⲱϥ ⲛⲧⲉϥϭⲓ\nⲉⲃⲟⲗϧⲉⲛ ϯⲁⲅⲁⲡⲏ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲁⲓⲣⲏϯ ⲁϥϯ ⲙⲁϯ. ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱ ⲇⲉ ⲉⲩⲟⲩⲱⲙ ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲫⲏ ⲉⲑⲟⲩⲁⲃ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ϯϯϩⲟ ⲉⲣⲟⲕ ⲡⲁⲓⲱⲧ ⲉⲑⲟⲩⲁⲃ ϫⲉ\nϩⲓⲛⲁ ⲉⲓⲉⲓ ϣⲁⲣⲟⲕ ⲛⲣⲁⲥϯ ⲛⲧⲁϫⲉ ⲡⲁⲙⲉⲩⲓ ⲛⲧⲏⲓ ⲛⲁⲕ ϫⲉ ⲡⲓϩⲱⲃ ⲉⲣ\nⲭⲣⲉⲓⲁ. ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲇⲉ ϩⲱⲥ ⲉϥⲥⲱⲟⲩⲛ ⲛⲧϫⲓ ⲛⲱⲛϧ ⲙⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲁϥϯ\nⲙⲁϯ. ⲉⲧⲁ ϣⲱⲣⲡ ⲇⲉ ϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲁϥϣⲉ ⲛⲁϥ ϣⲁⲣⲟϥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲁⲓⲣⲏϯ ⲁϥⲧⲁⲙⲟϥ\nⲉⲡⲉϥⲙⲉⲩⲓ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩϫⲱⲕ ϩⲱⲥ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲉⲓⲟⲩⲱϣ ϩⲱ ⲉⲉⲣⲁⲛⲁⲭⲱⲣⲉⲓⲛ ⲟⲩⲟϩ\nⲛⲧⲁⲥⲣⲱϥⲧ ⲉⲡⲟⲩϫⲁⲓ ⲛⲧⲁⲯⲩⲭⲏ. ⲉϥⲛⲁⲩ ⲇⲉ ⲛϫⲉ ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲉⲡⲓϩⲙⲟⲧ","english":"After some days had passed, she came down upon his heart, wearying him, for she was going out into the desert with the wild beasts and doing this with them according to her custom, so that they might remember her fathers. Now there was an anchorite in the vicinity of his village, whose manner was to fear the face of God greatly and to practice hesychia in a small monastery near him. When he had made an offering in the church on that day, because there was no presbyter in his monastery to receive a blessing from him, then the holy Macarius made a request, that he too might make an offering and receive from the agape, and thus he gave consent. When they had finished eating, the holy one said to him, \"I beg you, holy father, that I may come to you and confess my thought to you, for the matter is necessary.\" The old man, knowing the soul of Macarius, gave consent. When the first had happened, he went to him and thus informed him of his thought fully, saying, \"I also wish to practice anachoresis and to strive for the salvation of the soul.\" The old man, seeing the grace","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲅⲁⲡⲏ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic ⲁⲅⲁⲡⲏ (Greek ἀγάπη) here refers to the liturgical love-feast or agape meal, not abstract love. Macarius receives from it after making an offering.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲡⲣⲉⲥⲃⲩⲧⲉⲣⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"ⲡⲣⲉⲥⲃⲩⲧⲉⲣⲟⲥ (Greek πρεσβύτερος) is rendered 'presbyter' to denote the clerical order; the anchorite's monastery lacks one, so he cannot receive a blessing from him.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲉⲕⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ","severity":"info","text":"ⲉⲕⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ (Greek ἐκκλησία) is translated 'church' as the building where the offering is made; the context of liturgy and the agape meal supports this.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲥⲙⲟⲩ","severity":"info","text":"ⲥⲙⲟⲩ ('bless') is used in the phrase 'receive a blessing from him' (ϭⲓ ⲥⲙⲟⲩ ⲛⲧⲟⲧϥ), where the presbyter is the agent; the object is a person, so 'bless' is correct.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"background","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The anchorite's practice of hesychia (ⲏⲥⲩⲭⲓⲁ) in a small monastery reflects early Egyptian monastic ideals of solitary contemplation within a coenobitic framework.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage transitions from Macarius's domestic conflict to his first encounter with an anchorite, setting up his vocation for anachoresis and the salvation of his soul.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase 'she came down upon his heart' (ⲁⲥⲓ ⲉϩⲣⲏⲓ ⲉϫⲉⲛ ⲡⲉϥϩⲏⲧ) is ambiguous: it may mean his mother's words weighed on him, or she physically approached him; the English draft takes it as emotional pressure.","The identity of 'her fathers' (ⲛⲉϥⲓⲟϯ) is unclear—possibly the desert fathers or her own ancestors; the text does not specify."],"confidence":"high","notes":[{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲡⲣⲉⲥⲃⲩⲧⲉⲣⲟⲥ","text":"ⲡⲣⲉⲥⲃⲩⲧⲉⲣⲟⲥ → “presbyter”. Greek πρεσβύτερος. 'Presbyter' where the clerical order is at issue; 'elder' where the sense is seniority."},{"kind":"homonym","severity":"caution","term":"ⲡⲣⲉⲥⲃⲩⲧⲉⲣⲟⲥ","text":"ⲡⲣⲉⲥⲃⲩⲧⲉⲣⲟⲥ carries more than one sense (priest, elder); this passage takes it as “presbyter”. The choice is the translator's, not a lexical given."},{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲁⲅⲁⲡⲏ","text":"ⲁⲅⲁⲡⲏ → “love”. Greek ἀγάπη. The liturgical meal sense ('agape') is technical and should not be flattened to 'love'."},{"kind":"homonym","severity":"caution","term":"ⲁⲅⲁⲡⲏ","text":"ⲁⲅⲁⲡⲏ carries more than one sense (charity, agape (the meal)); this passage takes it as “love”. The choice is the translator's, not a lexical given."}]},{"i":20,"ref":"p20","source":"ⲛⲧⲉ ⲫ︦ϯ︦ ⲉⲧⲭⲏ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲡⲓⲁⲗⲟⲩ ⲛⲁϥⲉⲣ ϣⲫⲏⲣⲓ ⲛⲧⲉϥⲕⲁⲧⲁⲥⲧⲁⲥⲓⲥ ⲛⲉⲙ\nⲧⲉϥϫⲓ ⲛⲉⲣ ⲟⲩⲱ ⲉⲓⲧⲁ ⲁϥⲁⲙⲟⲛⲓ ⲙⲙⲟϥ ϧⲁⲧⲟⲧϥ ⲙⲡⲓⲉϫⲱⲣϩ ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲙⲁⲩ\nⲛϫⲉ ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ϫⲉ ϩⲓⲛⲁ ⲉϥⲉⲉⲙⲓ ϫⲉ ⲉⲣⲉ ⲡⲟ︦ⲥ︦ ⲛⲁⲧⲁⲙⲟϥ ⲉⲟⲩ ⲉⲑⲃⲏⲧϥ\nϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲏⲓ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲛⲉ ⲟⲩⲣⲉϥⲛⲁⲩ ⲡⲉ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲣⲉ ⲫⲣⲏ ⲛⲁϩⲱⲧⲡ ⲁⲩⲟⲩⲉⲙ ⲡⲓⲕⲟⲩϫⲓ ⲛⲱⲓⲕ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲩⲉⲛⲕⲟⲧ ⲙⲡⲃ︦ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁ ⲫ︦ϯ︦ ⲟⲩⲱⲛ ⲛⲛⲉⲛⲃⲁⲗ ⲙⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡϫⲓ ⲛⲑⲣⲉϥⲉⲣⲛⲏⲫⲉⲓⲛ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓϩⲛⲓⲙ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲓⲥ ϩⲏⲡⲡⲉ ⲓⲥ\nⲟⲩⲭⲟⲣⲟⲥ ⲙⲙⲟⲛⲁⲭⲟⲥ ⲁϥⲛⲁⲩ ⲉⲣⲱⲟⲩ ⲉⲩⲙⲡⲕⲱϯ ⲛⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ\nⲉϥⲉⲛⲕⲟⲧ ⲉⲁϥⲛⲁⲩ ⲉⲣⲱⲟⲩ ⲛϫⲉ ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲉⲩⲟⲩⲟⲃϣ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲩⲣⲏⲧ\nⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲛϩⲁⲛ ⲥⲙⲟⲧ ⲛⲧⲉⲛϩ ϩⲓϫⲉⲛ ⲛⲟⲩϣⲱⲃϣ ⲙⲡⲥⲙⲟⲧ ⲛϩⲁⲛ ⲁⲉⲧⲟⲥ\nⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁϥⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ ⲉⲟⲩⲥⲙⲏ ⲉⲥϫⲱ ⲙⲙⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲧⲱⲛⲕ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲁⲣⲓ ϩⲏⲧⲥ\nⲉϯⲇⲓⲁⲕⲟⲛⲓⲁ ϫⲉ ⲁϥⲓ ⲛϫⲉ ⲡⲓⲥⲏⲟⲩ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲧⲱⲛⲕ ⲙⲟϣⲓ ϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲏⲓ ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲡⲉ\nⲉⲑⲟⲩⲱⲣⲡ ⲙⲙⲟⲕ. ⲛⲁⲓ ⲟⲩⲛ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ ⲉⲣⲱⲟⲩ ⲛϫⲉ ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲛⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ\nⲁϥⲭⲁ ⲣⲱϥ ⲧⲉⲱⲥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁ ⲫⲟⲩⲱⲓⲛⲓ ϣⲁⲓ ⲉϥⲛⲁⲙⲟϣⲓ ⲛϫⲉ ⲡⲓⲛⲁⲓⲁⲧϥ\nⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲁⲛ ⲁⲕⲛⲁⲩ ⲉϩⲗⲓ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲁⲓ ⲉϫⲱⲣϩ\nⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲙⲫⲏ ϩⲟⲗⲱⲥ ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ⲁⲓⲉⲛⲕⲟⲧ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲙⲧⲟⲛ ⲛⲉⲙ\nⲟⲩⲭⲃⲟⲃ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲧⲁⲯⲩⲭⲏ. ⲧⲟⲧⲉ ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲫⲏ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲁⲗⲏⲓ","english":"of God who is with the young man, he marveled at his condition and his taking of food. Then he waited under him, under that same palm tree, the old man, so that he might know whether the Lord would inform him about something concerning him, for he was indeed a seer. And when the sun set, they ate the small loaf of bread and slept. And God opened the eyes of the old man in the taking of his vigil, and behold, a chorus of monks appeared to him, surrounding Abba Macarius as he slept. And the old man saw them, all of them white and all of them adorned in forms of life, like eagles upon their garments. And he heard a voice saying, \"Arise, Macarius, prepare yourself for the service, for the hour has come. Arise and walk, for I am the one who sent for you.\" When the holy old man heard them, he kept silent. And when dawn came, the blessed Macarius was about to walk. The old man said to him, \"Did you see anything in this palm tree?\" He said to him, \"Not at all, but I slept in peace and coolness of my soul.\" Then the old man said to him, \"The one who truly","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲛⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ is rendered 'the holy old man'. The glossary specifies that ⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ is adjectival 'holy'; with the article it can name a saint, but here it modifies the noun.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲃⲃⲁ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic ⲛⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ is rendered 'Abba Macarius'. The glossary keeps the Greek/Syriac form ⲁⲃⲃⲁ as 'Abba' where the Coptic retains it.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲧⲱⲛⲕ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲁⲣⲓ ϩⲏⲧⲥ ⲉϯⲇⲓⲁⲕⲟⲛⲓⲁ","severity":"info","text":"The voice calling Macarius to 'prepare yourself for the service' echoes liturgical calls to diakonia, possibly alluding to the angelic summons in Revelation or monastic typika, though no direct verse is cited.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲭⲟⲣⲟⲥ ⲙⲙⲟⲛⲁⲭⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The vision of a 'chorus of monks' surrounding Macarius, all in white with eagle-like adornments, reflects the Coptic hagiographic topos of angelic or monastic choirs confirming a saint's sanctity.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage shifts from the old man's vigil to a visionary scene, then to dialogue. The repeated 'behold' (ⲓⲥ ϩⲏⲡⲡⲉ) marks a structural hinge between the old man's perception and the revelation.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁϥⲭⲁ ⲣⲱϥ ⲧⲉⲱⲥ","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase ⲁϥⲭⲁ ⲣⲱϥ ⲧⲉⲱⲥ is ambiguous: it may mean 'he kept silent' (as rendered) or 'he opened his mouth' (ⲧⲉⲱⲥ could be a variant of ⲧⲱⲱⲥ 'to open'). The context of awe supports silence.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase ⲁϥⲭⲁ ⲣⲱϥ ⲧⲉⲱⲥ: ⲧⲉⲱⲥ may be a variant of ⲧⲱⲱⲥ 'to open', yielding 'he opened his mouth', but the context of the old man's reverent silence supports the reading 'he kept silent'.","The identity of the 'young man' (ⲡⲓⲁⲗⲟⲩ) in the first line is unclear; it may refer to Macarius or another figure."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":21,"ref":"p21","source":"ⲉϩⲣⲏⲓ ⲉϫⲉⲛ ⲡⲉⲕϩⲏⲧ ⲁⲣⲓⲧϥ ϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲏⲓ ⲡⲟ︦ⲥ︦ ⲡⲉ ⲉⲧⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ ⲙⲙⲟⲕ.\nⲙⲡⲉϥϫⲉ ϩⲗⲓ ⲛⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲛⲁϥ ⲛϫⲉ ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲏ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲛⲁⲩ ⲉⲣⲱⲟⲩ\nϩⲓⲛⲁ ϫⲉ ⲛⲛⲉϥϭⲓⲥⲓ ⲛϩⲏⲧ ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ⲁϥϩⲟⲛϩⲉⲛ ⲉⲧⲟⲧϥ ⲥⲁⲧⲟⲧϥ ϫⲉ ϩⲓⲛⲁ\nⲉϥⲉϣⲉ ⲛⲧⲉϥϩⲱⲗ ϩⲓ ⲫⲟⲩⲉⲓ ⲛⲧⲉϥϣⲱⲡⲓ ϧⲁⲧⲉⲛ ⲕⲉϯⲙⲓ ϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲓⲙⲟⲛⲏ ϫⲉ\nⲟⲩⲏⲓ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲛⲉ ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉ ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲓϣⲁⲙϣⲉ ⲛⲟⲩϯ ϣⲱⲡⲓ ϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲓϣⲁϥⲉⲩ\nⲉⲧⲥⲁϧⲟⲩⲛ ⲉⲃⲏⲗ ⲉⲡⲓⲛⲓϣϯ ⲁⲛⲧⲱⲛⲓⲟⲥ ⲉϥϩⲏⲗ ⲉⲛⲓⲙⲁ ⲛϣⲁϥⲉ ⲛϩⲁⲛ ⲙⲏϣ\nⲛⲥⲟⲡ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲁⲗⲓⲛ ⲉϥⲛⲏⲩ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ. ⲡⲓⲛⲁⲓⲁⲧϥ ⲇⲉ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲓ\nⲉⲡⲓϯⲙⲓ ⲁϥⲉⲣ ϩⲏⲧⲥ ⲛⲭⲱⲗⲉⲙ ⲉⲥⲱⲣ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲙⲫⲏ ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲧⲁϥ ⲧⲏⲣϥ ⲛⲛⲓϩⲏⲕⲓ\nⲛⲉⲙ ⲛⲓϫⲱⲃ.","english":"upon your heart, make it so that truly the Lord is the one who troubles you.\n\nThe old man said nothing to him about the things he had seen,\n\nso that he might not become proud, but he clung to him closely, so that\n\nhe might go and dwell in the desert, and take up his abode near another village in the monasteries, for\n\ntruly, no one among the seventy-two prophets dwelt in the deserts\n\noutside the great Anthony, who went into the desert places many\n\ntimes and then came out again. But the blessed Macarius, when he came\n\nto the village, began to seek out the one who had given all the poor\n\nand the needy.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲛⲓϣⲁⲙϣⲉ ⲛⲟⲩϯ","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'seventy-two prophets' likely refers to the traditional number of translators of the Septuagint, but here it is applied to prophets or ascetics dwelling in the desert, a unique usage in Coptic hagiography.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"background","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The mention of Anthony the Great (ⲡⲓⲛⲓϣϯ ⲁⲛⲧⲱⲛⲓⲟⲥ) situates Macarius within the tradition of Egyptian desert monasticism, where Anthony is the archetypal hermit. The text contrasts Macarius's communal asceticism with Anthony's solitary desert sojourns.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage transitions from the old man's observation of Macarius to Macarius's own actions upon arriving at the village, marking a shift in narrative focus from the elder's perspective to the protagonist's initiative.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲓⲛⲁⲓⲁⲧϥ ⲇⲉ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase 'the blessed Macarius' (ⲡⲓⲛⲁⲓⲁⲧϥ ⲇⲉ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ) is ambiguous: it could refer to Macarius of Egypt or Macarius of Alexandria. The context suggests Macarius the Great, but the epithet 'blessed' is formulaic and does not resolve the identity.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of 'the old man' (ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ) is not specified; it may be a previous character or a generic elder.","The phrase 'the one who had given all the poor and the needy' (ⲙⲫⲏ ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲧⲁϥ ⲧⲏⲣϥ ⲛⲛⲓϩⲏⲕⲓ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲛⲓϫⲱⲃ) is unclear: it could refer to a benefactor or to God, but the Coptic grammar suggests a human figure."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":22,"ref":"p22","source":"ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲁⲓⲣⲏϯ ⲁϥⲓ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓϯⲙⲓ ⲁϥϣⲉ ⲛⲁϥ ⲉⲟⲩⲙⲟⲛⲏ ⲥⲁⲃⲟⲗ\nⲛⲕⲉϯⲙⲓ ⲁϥϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲙⲙⲁⲩ ϧⲁⲣⲓ ϧⲁⲣⲟϥ ⲛⲟⲩⲥⲏⲟⲩ. ⲉⲩⲛⲁⲩ ⲟⲩⲛ ⲉⲛⲉϥⲥⲙⲟⲧ\nⲉⲑⲛⲁⲛⲉⲩ ⲛϫⲉ ⲛⲁ ⲡⲓϯⲙⲓ ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲙⲁⲩ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲧⲉϥⲙⲉⲧⲣⲉⲙ ⲣⲁⲩϣ ⲉⲑⲃⲉ ϫⲉ\nⲙⲙⲟⲛ ⲡⲣⲉⲥⲃⲩⲧⲉⲣⲟⲥ ⲛⲧⲱⲟⲩ ⲁⲛ ⲉⲑⲣⲉϥϯ ⲥⲙⲟⲩ ⲛⲱⲟⲩ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓϯⲙⲓ ⲧⲟⲧⲉ\nⲁⲩⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲡⲓⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ ⲛⲭⲱⲡ ⲉⲑⲃⲏⲧϥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲁⲙⲟⲛⲓ ⲙⲙⲟϥ\nⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϥⲉⲙⲓ ⲁⲩⲁⲓϥ ⲙⲡⲣⲉⲥⲃⲩⲧⲉⲣⲟⲥ ⲉϩⲛⲁϥ ⲁⲛ. ⲕⲁⲓ ⲙⲏⲛ ⲉⲧⲁ ⲡⲁⲓⲭⲉⲧ\nϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲙⲙⲟϥ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲟⲩⲟⲓⲕⲟⲛⲟⲙⲓⲁ ϫⲉ ϩⲓⲛⲁ ⲉϥⲉⲉⲣⲃⲟⲏⲑⲉⲓⲛ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ⲛⲉⲙ\nϩⲁⲛ ⲕⲉⲭⲱⲟⲩⲛⲓ ⲛⲉⲙⲁϥ ϩⲟⲧⲁⲛ ⲙⲉⲛⲉⲛⲥⲁ ⲛⲁⲓ ⲁϥϣⲁⲛϣⲱⲡⲓ ϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲓϣⲁϥⲉⲩ. ⲉⲧⲁϥϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲇⲉ ϧⲉⲛ ϯⲙⲟⲛⲏ ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲙⲁⲩ ⲛϩⲁⲛ ⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲩϫⲉⲙ ϩⲏⲟⲩ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ ⲉⲑⲛⲏⲟⲩ ϣⲁⲣⲟϥ ⲧⲟⲧⲉ ⲁϥⲉⲣ ϩⲏⲧⲥ\nⲛϫⲉ ⲡⲓⲇⲓⲁⲃⲟⲗⲟⲥ ⲉⲕⲟⲧϥ ⲉϫⲉⲛ ⲧⲉϥϫⲓ ⲛϯ ⲛⲧⲉϣⲟⲣⲡ. ⲡⲓⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲇⲉ\nⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲛⲁϥⲉⲣⲟⲛⲟⲭⲗⲉⲓⲛ ⲛⲁϥ ⲁⲛ ⲡⲉ ⲧⲉⲱⲥ ϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ ϩⲁⲛ ⲗⲟⲅⲓⲥⲙⲟⲥ\nϫⲉ ϩⲓⲛⲁ ⲉϥⲉⲟϩⲓ ⲛⲁϥ ⲙⲡⲓⲙⲁ ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲙⲁⲩ ⲙⲟⲛⲟⲛ ϩⲓⲛⲁ ⲛⲧⲉϥϣⲧⲉⲙϩⲱⲗ\nⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲛⲉⲙⲁϥ ⲉⲡⲓⲃⲱⲧⲥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲟⲛ ⲛⲧⲉϥⲉⲣ ⲡϣⲁϥⲉ ⲛⲟⲩⲕⲟⲥⲙⲟⲥ ⲛⲃⲉⲣⲓ ⲙⲫ︦ϯ︦\nⲛⲧⲫⲉ ⲡⲓⲙⲁ ⲉⲧⲉϥⲛⲁⲑⲱⲟⲩϯ ⲉϧⲟⲩⲛ ⲙⲡⲟⲥ ⲙⲙⲁⲩ ⲛⲟⲩⲥⲧⲣⲁⲧⲉⲓⲁ ⲛⲧⲉ\nϩⲁⲛ ⲙⲁⲧⲟⲓ ⲙⲡⲛ︦ⲁ︦ⲧⲓⲕⲟⲛ ⲉⲩϧⲏⲕ ϧⲉⲛ ϩⲁⲛ ϩⲟⲡⲗⲟⲛ ⲛⲛⲟⲏⲧⲟⲛ ⲟⲩⲃⲉ","english":"And in this way he went out from the village and went to a monastery outside another village, and he remained there for a time. The people of that village saw his beautiful appearance and his cheerful countenance, because there was no presbyter of their own to bless them in the village. Then they spoke with the bishop of Shmin about him, and when they had brought him, without his knowledge, they made him a presbyter against his will. And this happened according to a dispensation, so that he might be a help to them and to other monks with him, when later he would come to be in the deserts. When he had been in that monastery for some days, and many people who came to him found healing, then the devil became envious, turning against his former humility. But the blessed Macarius did not allow himself to be disturbed by him through thoughts, so that he might remain in that place, and also that he might not cease from his labor, and that he might make the desert a new world for God, the place where he would gather a spiritual army of soldiers, armed with spiritual weapons, against","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲡⲣⲉⲥⲃⲩⲧⲉⲣⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic uses ⲡⲣⲉⲥⲃⲩⲧⲉⲣⲟⲥ (Greek πρεσβύτερος) twice: first for the absent local presbyter, then for Macarius's forced ordination. The glossary renders 'presbyter' where clerical order is at issue, as here.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲥⲙⲟⲩ","severity":"info","text":"ⲥⲙⲟⲩ appears in the phrase ⲉⲑⲣⲉϥϯ ⲥⲙⲟⲩ ⲛⲱⲟⲩ ('to bless them'). Per the glossary, the verb covers 'bless' and 'praise'; here the object is the people, so 'bless' is correct.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲓⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ ⲛⲭⲱⲡ","severity":"info","text":"ⲡⲓⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ ⲛⲭⲱⲡ refers to the bishop of Shmin (Panopolis, modern Akhmim). This locates the narrative in Upper Egypt, consistent with Macarius's known activity in the Scetis desert but here involving a regional bishop.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲟⲩⲟⲓⲕⲟⲛⲟⲙⲓⲁ","severity":"info","text":"The phrase ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲟⲩⲟⲓⲕⲟⲛⲟⲙⲓⲁ ('according to a dispensation') signals a providential turning point. The narrator interprets Macarius's forced ordination as divinely arranged for his future role as a desert father and spiritual leader.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲓⲇⲓⲁⲃⲟⲗⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The devil's envy (ⲡⲓⲇⲓⲁⲃⲟⲗⲟⲥ ⲉⲕⲟⲧϥ) and Macarius's resistance to thoughts (ⲗⲟⲅⲓⲥⲙⲟⲥ) reflect a common hagiographic topos: the saint's spiritual warfare against demonic temptation, here framed as a battle to maintain humility and ascetic labor.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲓⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲇⲉ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"caution","text":"The repetition ⲡⲓⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲇⲉ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ is likely a scribal dittography. The English draft omits the second ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ, reading only 'the blessed Macarius'. The Coptic text may preserve an accidental repetition.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The Coptic ⲁⲩⲁⲙⲟⲛⲓ ⲙⲙⲟϥ ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϥⲉⲙⲓ ('they brought him without his knowledge') is clear, but the exact mechanism of forced ordination is not detailed. The reading taken is that the villagers and bishop acted without Macarius's consent.","The phrase ⲛⲧⲉϥⲉⲣ ⲡϣⲁϥⲉ ⲛⲟⲩⲕⲟⲥⲙⲟⲥ ⲛⲃⲉⲣⲓ ('that he might make the desert a new world') is metaphorical; the English draft renders it as 'make the desert a new world for God', which is followed here."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":23,"ref":"p23","source":"ⲛⲉϥⲛⲟⲩⲙⲉⲣⲟⲛ ⲛⲁⲡⲟⲥⲧⲁⲧⲏⲥ ⲉⲓⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲉⲛⲁ ⲡⲛ︦ⲁ︦ ⲉⲧϭⲁϧⲉⲙ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲧⲟⲩⲃⲱⲧⲥ\nⲉⲣⲟϥ ⲛⲑⲟϥ ⲡⲓⲇⲓⲁⲃⲟⲗⲟⲥ ϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ ⲛⲓⲙⲉⲣⲉϩ ⲉⲧϣⲉⲡϣⲱⲡ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲛⲓⲁⲣⲉⲧⲏ\nⲉⲁⲩϭⲓ ⲙⲡⲓϭⲣⲟ ϧⲁⲣⲟϥ ϧⲉⲛ ⲫⲣⲁⲛ ⲛⲓ︦ⲏ︦ⲥ︦ ⲡⲭ︦ⲥ︦ ⲡⲉⲛⲛⲟⲩϯ. ⲫ︦ϯ︦ ⲇⲉ ⲡⲓⲡⲣⲟⲛⲟⲏⲧⲟⲥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲥⲟⲫⲟⲥ ⲁϥⲉⲣⲥⲩⲅⲭⲱⲣⲉⲓⲛ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲟⲩⲟⲓⲕⲟⲛⲟⲙⲓⲁ ⲉⲑⲣⲉ ⲟⲩⲡⲉⲓⲣⲁⲥⲙⲟⲥ ⲧⲱⲛϥ ⲉϫⲉⲛ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ϩⲓⲛⲁ ⲧⲁⲓⲁⲓⲧⲓⲁ ⲉϥⲉⲉⲣ\nⲫⲙⲉⲩⲓ ⲛⲛⲏ ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲙⲙⲱⲟⲩ ⲛⲉⲙⲁϥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉϥⲉⲓ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲉⲡϣⲁϥⲉ\nⲡⲓⲙⲁ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲧⲁⲙⲟϥ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲧⲉϥⲑⲱⲟⲩϯ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ⲛⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉⲡⲓⲑⲩⲙⲉⲓⲛ ⲉⲡⲓⲱⲛϧ ⲛⲉⲛⲉϩ. ⲡⲓⲡⲉⲓⲣⲁⲥⲙⲟⲥ ⲇⲉ ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲙⲁⲩ ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲱⲟⲩⲛ\nⲙⲙⲟϥ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲙⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲉⲣ ⲙⲉⲑⲣⲉ ⲛⲁⲛ ⲛⲑⲟϥ ⲛⲣⲟ ⲟⲩⲃⲉⲣⲟ ⲛⲟⲩⲙⲏϣ ⲛⲥⲟⲡ ϩⲟⲙⲱⲥ ⲇⲉ ϯⲛⲁϫⲟϥ ⲉⲣⲱⲧⲉⲛ ⲱ ⲛⲉⲛⲥⲛⲏⲩ. ⲛⲉ ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲟⲩⲡⲁⲣⲑⲉⲛⲟⲥ ⲇⲉ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓϯⲙⲓ ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲙⲁⲩ ⲉⲁⲥⲁⲓⲁⲓ ϧⲉⲛ ϯϩⲏⲗⲓⲕⲓⲁ ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥϭⲓ ϩⲁⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲉ ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲕⲉϧⲉⲗϣⲓⲣⲓ ϧⲉⲛ ⲧⲉⲥⲣⲁⲟⲩⲏ ⲉϥϧⲉⲛⲧ\nⲉⲣⲟⲥ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ϯⲥⲩⲅⲅⲉⲛⲉⲓⲁ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲓⲓⲟϯ ⲙⲉⲛ ⲙⲡⲓⲁⲗⲟⲩ ⲛⲁⲩⲉⲣⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲁⲛ\nⲡⲉ ϫⲉ ϩⲓⲛⲁ ⲛⲧⲟⲩϩⲱⲡⲧ ⲛϯϧⲉⲗϣⲁⲓⲣⲓ ⲉⲡⲟⲩϣⲏⲣⲓ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲅⲁⲙⲟⲥ ⲛⲥⲉⲙⲛⲟⲛ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲛⲉⲛⲛⲟⲙⲟⲥ ⲛϯⲫⲩⲥⲓⲥ. ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲁⲓⲁⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲙⲡⲃ︦ ⲙⲡⲉ ⲡⲓϯ ⲙⲁϯ ϣⲱⲡⲓ\nⲉⲑⲣⲟⲩϩⲟⲧⲡⲟⲩ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲛⲟⲩⲉⲣⲏⲟⲩ ⲉⲑⲃⲉ ⲑⲙⲉⲧϩⲏⲕⲓ ⲛⲛⲉⲛⲓⲟϯ ⲙⲡⲓϧⲉⲗϣⲓⲣⲓ ⲉⲥϣⲟⲡ ⲟⲩⲛ ⲛϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲡⲁⲣⲣⲏⲥⲓⲁ ⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗϣⲓⲣⲓ ⲛⲉⲙ ϯⲁⲗⲟⲩ ⲉⲑⲃⲉ\nϯⲥⲩⲅⲅⲉⲛⲉⲓⲁ ⲛⲉⲙ ϯⲙⲉⲧⲣⲉⲙ ⲣⲁⲟⲩⲏ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲉⲧⲁⲛϣⲟⲣⲡ ⲛϫⲟⲥ\nⲛⲁⲩⲉⲣⲁⲡⲁⲛⲧⲁⲛ ⲉⲛⲟⲩⲉⲣⲏⲟⲩ ⲛⲟⲩⲙⲏϣ ⲛⲥⲟⲡ ϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲓⲏⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲓϧⲓⲣ. ⲉⲧⲁ ⲟⲩⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ ⲛϣⲁⲓ ⲇⲉ ϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲥⲉ ⲏⲣⲡ ⲉⲡⲑⲓϧⲓ ⲧⲟⲧⲉ ⲁⲩϩⲉⲓ\nϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓϩⲧⲟⲃ ⲁⲩⲃⲱⲗ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲛⲧⲟⲩⲡⲁⲣⲑⲉⲛⲓⲁ ⲙⲡⲃ︦.","english":"his enemies, the apostates, began to speak about the Spirit that is hidden, and the devil himself fled from him through the virtues that were received, having gained victory over him in the name of Jesus Christ, our God. But God, the provident and wise one, arranged according to an economy that a temptation should arise against Apa Macarius, so that the cause would be a reminder to those who speak with him, and he would go out into the desert, the place that had been shown to him, and all who desire the eternal life would gather to him. That temptation, however, you all know it in the manner in which it bore witness to us, the one who is a gate against many times. Nevertheless, I will tell it to you, O our brethren. There was a virgin in that village who had grown up in the age before she took a husband, and there was a young man in her neighborhood who was related to her. And the parents of the girl were planning so that they would join the young man to their son in a lawful marriage according to the laws of nature. But when they had grown up, the time for marriage did not occur for them to be joined together because of the poverty of the parents of the young man. There was, however, a freedom, and the young man and the girl, because of the kinship and the neighborhood, as we first said, they used to meet each other many times in the houses and in the streets. When a day of festival came and they had poured wine into the cup, then they fell into the sin, and they lost their virginity.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲡⲁⲣⲑⲉⲛⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic ⲡⲁⲣⲑⲉⲛⲟⲥ (Greek παρθένος) is rendered 'virgin' per the fixed glossary; here it refers to an unmarried young woman, not a consecrated virgin.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲃⲃⲁ","severity":"info","text":"The address ⲁⲃⲃⲁ (Abba) is retained in the English draft as 'Apa', a Coptic variant; both are honorifics for a monastic elder.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"external","lemma":"ⲟⲓⲕⲟⲛⲟⲙⲓⲁ","severity":"info","text":"The Greek loanword ⲟⲓⲕⲟⲛⲟⲙⲓⲁ (economy) denotes divine providence or a salvific arrangement; here it frames the temptation as part of God's plan for Macarius.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲓⲡⲉⲓⲣⲁⲥⲙⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The narrator interrupts the story with a direct address ('you all know it... I will tell it to you, O our brethren'), a hagiographic device to engage the audience and signal a moral exemplum.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲛⲓⲙⲉⲣⲉϩ ⲉⲧϣⲉⲡϣⲱⲡ","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase ⲛⲓⲙⲉⲣⲉϩ ⲉⲧϣⲉⲡϣⲱⲡ (the virtues that were received) is ambiguous: it may refer to virtues Macarius acquired or to those personified as agents; the English draft takes the former.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"external","lemma":"ⲡⲁⲣⲑⲉⲛⲓⲁ","severity":"info","text":"The loss of virginity (ⲡⲁⲣⲑⲉⲛⲓⲁ) before marriage is a recurring motif in monastic literature, used to illustrate worldly sin and the need for ascetic withdrawal.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of 'his enemies, the apostates' (ⲛⲉϥⲛⲟⲩⲙⲉⲣⲟⲛ ⲛⲁⲡⲟⲥⲧⲁⲧⲏⲥ) is unclear; they may be demons or heretics.","The phrase 'the Spirit that is hidden' (ⲡⲛⲁ ⲉⲧϭⲁϧⲉⲙ) could refer to the Holy Spirit or a spiritual power; the English draft capitalizes 'Spirit' but the Coptic is ambiguous."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲡⲁⲣⲑⲉⲛⲟⲥ","text":"ⲡⲁⲣⲑⲉⲛⲟⲥ → “virgin”. Greek παρθένος. In Marian texts the technical sense is fixed; the non-technical 'young woman' belongs to Greek, not to the Coptic usage."}]},{"i":24,"ref":"p24","source":"ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲁⲓⲣⲏϯ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ\nⲕⲟⲩϫⲓ ⲕⲟⲩϫⲓ ⲁⲥⲉⲣ ⲃⲟⲕⲓ ⲛϫⲉ ϯϧⲉⲗϣⲁⲓⲣⲓ. ⲉⲩⲉⲣ ϩⲟϯ ⲇⲉ ϧⲁ ⲧϩⲏ ⲛⲛⲟⲩⲓⲟϯ\nⲙⲡⲃ︦ ϫⲉ ⲛⲛⲟⲩϧⲟⲧⲃⲟⲩ ⲉⲑⲃⲉ ⲡⲓϣⲫⲓⲧ ⲉⲑⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲧⲟⲧⲉ ⲁⲩⲉⲣ ⲟⲩⲥⲟϭⲛⲓ\nⲉϥⲙⲉϩ ⲛⲁⲛⲟⲙⲓⲁ ⲉⲁⲩⲟⲩⲁϩ ⲕⲉⲛⲓϣϯ ⲛⲛⲟⲃⲓ ⲉϫⲉⲛ ⲧⲟⲩⲕⲉⲡⲟⲣⲛⲉⲓⲁ ⲟⲩⲟϩ\nⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲓⲟⲩⲁⲓ ⲡⲓⲟⲩⲁⲓ ⲙⲙⲱⲟⲩ ⲙⲡⲉϥϣⲫⲏⲣ ϫⲉ ⲟⲩ ⲡⲉ ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲁⲓϥ ⲉϣⲱⲡ\nⲅⲁⲣ ⲁⲣⲉϣⲁⲛ ⲛⲉⲛⲓⲟϯ ⲉⲙⲓ ⲉⲡⲁⲓϩⲱⲃ ⲥⲉⲛⲁⲧⲁⲕⲟⲛ ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲛϫⲟⲥ ϫⲉ\nⲡⲓⲡⲣⲉⲥⲃⲩⲧⲉⲣⲟⲥ ⲛⲁⲛⲁⲭⲱⲣⲏⲧⲏⲥ ⲡⲉ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲉⲣ ⲫⲁⲓ ⲓⲉ ⲉⲑⲃⲉ ϫⲉ ⲟⲩϣⲉⲙⲙⲟ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲥⲉⲛⲁϯ ⲁⲥⲟ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ⲁⲛ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲥϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲡⲁⲓⲣⲏϯ. ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲉⲙⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲛϫⲉ ⲛⲉⲛⲓⲟϯ ⲛϯⲁⲗⲟⲩ ϫⲉ ⲁ ⲫⲁⲓ ϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲙⲙⲟⲥ ⲛⲁⲩϣⲓⲛⲓ ⲙⲙⲟⲥ","english":"And in this way, little by little, the conspiracy began to grow. But they were afraid of the hearts of the fathers of the monastery, lest they kill them because of the scandal that was about to happen. Then they made a plan full of lawlessness, having added even greater sins to their fornication. And each one of them said to his companion, \"What is it that we shall do? For if our fathers come to know of this matter, they will destroy us. But let us say that the presbyter anchorite is the one who did this, or that he is a stranger, and they will not give heed to him.\" And it happened in this way. But when the fathers of the monastery came to know that this had happened to her, they questioned her.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"sense","kind":"sense","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁⲥⲉⲣ ⲃⲟⲕⲓ ⲛϫⲉ ϯϧⲉⲗϣⲁⲓⲣⲓ","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'the conspiracy began to grow' translates a Coptic idiom: ⲉⲣ ⲃⲟⲕⲓ (literally 'to make a growth') with ϯϧⲉⲗϣⲁⲓⲣⲓ ('the conspiracy'). The noun ϧⲉⲗϣⲁⲓⲣⲓ is rare, likely a loan from Greek συνομωσία, and denotes a secret plot.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲡⲓⲡⲣⲉⲥⲃⲩⲧⲉⲣⲟⲥ ⲛⲁⲛⲁⲭⲱⲣⲏⲧⲏⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'the presbyter anchorite' combines Greek loanwords: πρεσβύτερος (elder/priest) and ἀναχωρητής (hermit). This title identifies Macarius as both a monastic elder and a priest, a common dual role in Egyptian desert monasticism.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"background","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The conspiracy to blame Macarius for a scandal reflects a hagiographic topos: the saint falsely accused of sexual misconduct. This motif appears in other Lives (e.g., Antony, Pachomius) and serves to highlight the saint's innocence and the malice of his accusers.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage forms a narrative pivot: the conspirators' plan is laid out, then executed ('And it happened in this way'), followed by the fathers' investigation. The repetition of ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲡⲁⲓⲣⲏϯ ('in this way') brackets the scheme, marking a clear narrative unit.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲛⲉⲛⲓⲟϯ ⲛϯⲁⲗⲟⲩ","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase 'the fathers of the monastery' (ⲛⲉⲛⲓⲟϯ ⲛϯⲁⲗⲟⲩ) is ambiguous: ⲛϯⲁⲗⲟⲩ could mean 'of the monastery' or 'of the young woman' (ϯⲁⲗⲟⲩ). The English draft takes it as 'of the monastery', but the Coptic may intend 'the fathers of the girl', i.e., her monastic superiors.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of ⲛⲉⲛⲓⲟϯ ⲛϯⲁⲗⲟⲩ: 'fathers of the monastery' or 'fathers of the young woman'? The English draft opts for the former, but the latter is possible given the context of a female figure (her) in the next sentence.","The exact nature of the 'scandal' (ⲡⲓϣⲫⲓⲧ) is not specified; it may refer to the fornication mentioned or to a broader public disgrace."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":25,"ref":"p25","source":"ϫⲉ ⲟⲩ ⲡⲉ ⲉⲧⲁϥϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲙⲙⲟ ⲓⲉ ⲛⲓⲙ ⲡⲉ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲉⲣ ⲫⲁⲓ ⲛⲉ ⲙⲁⲧⲁⲙⲟⲛ.\nⲛⲑⲟⲥ ⲇⲉ ϩⲱⲥ ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲧⲥⲁⲃⲟⲥ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗϣⲓⲣⲓ ⲡⲉϫⲁⲥ ϫⲉ ⲉⲓⲛⲁϩⲱⲗ\nϣⲁ ⲡⲓⲁⲛⲁⲭⲱⲣⲏⲧⲏⲥ ⲛⲟⲩⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ ⲛⲑⲟϥ ⲡⲉ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲉⲣ ⲫⲁⲓ ⲛⲏⲓ ⲉⲁϥⲑⲣⲓⲉⲣ\nⲃⲟⲕⲓ. ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲙⲃⲟⲛ ⲟⲩⲛ ⲛϫⲉ ⲛⲉⲥⲓⲟϯ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩϫⲱⲛⲧ ⲉⲑⲃⲉ ⲡⲓϣⲓⲡⲓ ⲉⲧⲁϥϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲛⲱⲟⲩ ⲉⲑⲃⲉ ⲧⲟⲩϣⲉⲣⲓ ⲁⲩⲓ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲉϯⲙⲟⲛⲏ ⲛⲉⲙ ϩⲁⲛ ⲕⲉⲭⲱⲩⲛⲓ\nⲛⲉⲙⲱⲟⲩ ⲁⲩⲓⲛⲓ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲛⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲉⲁⲩϯ ⲛϩⲁⲛ ⲛⲓϣϯ ⲛϣⲁϣ\nⲛⲁϥ ⲉⲫⲙⲟⲩ. ⲛⲑⲟϥ ⲇⲉ ⲡⲓϩⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ϩⲱⲥ ⲛⲉϥⲉⲙⲓ ⲁⲛ ⲉⲫⲏ ⲉⲧⲁϥϣⲱⲡⲓ\nⲛⲁϥϣⲓⲛⲓ ⲙⲙⲱⲟⲩ ⲡⲉ ϫⲉ ⲟⲩ ⲡⲉ ⲉⲧϣⲟⲡ ϫⲉ ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲓⲟⲩⲓ ⲉⲣⲟⲓ ⲙⲡⲁⲓⲣⲏϯ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲙⲉⲧⲁⲑⲛⲁⲓ. ⲉⲡϧⲁⲉ ⲇⲉ ⲁⲩⲙⲟⲩⲣ ⲛϩⲁⲛ ϣⲓⲱ ⲉⲡⲉϥⲙⲟⲩⲧ\nⲉⲩⲟϣϫ ⲛⲕⲉⲣⲙⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲁⲩⲥⲱⲕ ⲙⲙⲟϥ ϧⲉⲛ ⲑⲙⲏϯ ⲙⲡⲓϯⲙⲓ ⲉⲩⲙⲟϣⲓ\nⲛⲥⲱϥ ⲛⲉⲙ ϩⲁⲛ ⲕⲉⲙⲏϣ ⲛⲁⲗⲟⲩ ⲉⲩϩⲓⲟⲩⲓ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ⲟⲛ ⲡⲉ ⲉⲩⲥⲱⲕ ⲙⲙⲟϥ\nⲉⲡⲁⲓⲥⲁ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲫⲁⲓ ⲙⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲛⲛⲏ ⲉⲧϣⲟⲣⲧ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲩⲱϣ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲉϩⲣⲏⲓ ⲉϫⲱϥ\nⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲥⲙⲏ ⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧ ⲉⲩϫⲱ ⲙⲙⲟⲥ ⲙⲡⲁⲓⲣⲏϯ ϫⲉ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ϫⲉ\nⲁϥⲥⲉϩ ϯϧⲉⲗϣⲁⲓⲣⲓ. ⲡⲓⲙⲁⲓ ⲛⲟⲩϯ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲣⲱⲙⲓ ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲇⲓⲁⲕⲟⲛⲉⲓⲛ ⲉⲁⲃⲃⲁ\nⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲛⲁϩϯ ϫⲉ ϩⲓⲛⲁ ⲉϥⲉϭⲓ ⲙⲡⲉϥⲥⲙⲟⲩ ⲛⲁϥⲙⲟϣⲓ ⲛⲥⲱϥ","english":"What is it that happened to me, or who is it that did this to me? Tell me.\" She, however, as she had been instructed by the old man, said, \"I will go to the anchorite one day. He is the one who did this to me, for he made me conceive.\" When her parents heard this, they were filled with anger because of the shame that had befallen them because of their daughter. They went out to the monastery with some other monks, and they brought out Abba Macarius, having given him many severe blows to the point of death. He, the holy one, however, not knowing what had happened, asked them, \"What is it that you are doing to me in this manner without mercy?\" Finally, they tied some ropes to his neck, with potsherds attached, and they dragged him through the middle of the village, walking after him with many other children also striking him. They dragged him from one place to another in this manner, like those who are mad, and they all cried out with one voice, saying, \"This is him! This is him! He seduced the girl!\" The God-loving man, however, who was serving Abba Macarius in faith, so that he might receive his blessing, walked after him.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"sense","kind":"sense","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The narrative shifts to the public humiliation of Macarius, who is beaten and dragged through the village. The detail of potsherds tied to his neck intensifies the degradation.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲥⲙⲟⲩ","severity":"info","text":"The God-loving man follows Macarius to receive his blessing (ⲡⲉϥⲥⲙⲟⲩ). The verb ⲥⲙⲟⲩ here means 'bless', as the object is a person.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲡⲓϩⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"Macarius is called ⲡⲓϩⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ (the holy one). The article with ⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ functions as a noun, designating him as a saint.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"external","lemma":"ⲁⲛⲁⲭⲱⲣⲏⲧⲏⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The woman claims she will go to the anchorite (ⲡⲓⲁⲛⲁⲭⲱⲣⲏⲧⲏⲥ), a term for a hermit monk. This reflects the early monastic practice of withdrawal from community.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲙⲃⲟⲛ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲙⲃⲟⲛ (when they heard) is ambiguous: it could mean 'when they heard' or 'when they were informed'. The context supports the former.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲉⲡϧⲁⲉ ⲇⲉ","severity":"info","text":"The phrase ⲉⲡϧⲁⲉ ⲇⲉ (finally) marks a narrative transition from questioning to the violent public dragging, structuring the episode's climax.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of 'the old man' (ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗϣⲓⲣⲓ) who instructed the woman is not specified; it may refer to a conspirator or a monastic figure.","The phrase ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲙⲃⲟⲛ could be read as 'when they heard' or 'when they were informed'; the former is adopted."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":26,"ref":"p26","source":"ⲡⲉ ⲙⲡⲓⲛⲁⲩ ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲙⲁⲩ ⲉϥϣⲫⲓⲧ. ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲧϩⲉⲙⲕⲟϥ ⲇⲉ ⲉⲙⲁϣⲱ ϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲓϣⲁϣ\nⲛⲉⲙ ⲛⲓϣⲉⲣϣⲓ ϩⲏⲡⲡⲉ ⲓⲥ ⲙⲡⲓⲥⲧⲟⲥ ⲁⲩⲓ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲓ ⲫⲟⲩⲉⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲛⲁⲩ\nⲉⲣⲟϥ ⲉⲁϥϧⲱⲛⲧ ⲉⲫⲙⲟⲩ ⲛⲁⲩϣⲓⲛⲓ ⲡⲉ ϫⲉ ⲟⲩ ⲡⲉ ⲉⲧϣⲟⲡ ⲙⲙⲟϥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ\nⲉⲧⲁⲩⲉⲙⲓ ⲡⲉϫⲱⲟⲩ ϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲙⲏⲓ ⲁⲛ ⲡⲉ ⲡⲁⲓⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲫⲁⲓ ⲉⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲱ ⲙⲙⲟϥ\nϯⲛⲟⲩ ⲁⲛⲟⲛ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲧⲉⲛⲉⲣ ϣⲟⲣⲡ ⲛⲥⲱⲟⲩⲛ ⲙⲡⲁⲓⲣⲱⲙⲓ ϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲡⲓⲥⲧⲟⲥ ⲡⲉ\nϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲙⲉⲑⲙⲏⲓ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲟϩⲓ ⲉⲣⲁⲧⲟⲩ ⲉϫⲱϥ ⲁⲩⲃⲟⲗϥ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲓⲥⲛⲁⲩϩ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲩⲕⲱϣ ⲛⲛⲓⲕⲉϣⲓⲱ ⲉⲧⲟϣϫ ⲛⲕⲉⲣⲙⲓ ⲉⲧⲧⲟⲓ ⲉⲡⲉϥⲙⲟⲩⲧ.\nⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲫⲓⲱⲧ ⲛϯⲁⲗⲟⲩ ⲛⲱⲟⲩ ϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲙⲉⲧⲁⲧϫⲟⲙ ⲧⲉ ϣⲁⲧⲉϥϯ ⲡϣⲧⲱⲣⲓ ⲙⲙⲟϥ ϫⲉ ϩⲓⲛⲁ ⲁⲥϣⲁⲛⲙⲓⲥⲓ ⲛϫⲉ ϯⲁⲗⲟⲩ ⲛⲧⲉϥϯ ⲙⲡⲓϫⲕⲟ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ\nⲛⲧⲉ ⲧⲉⲥⲙⲏⲥⲓ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲡϣⲁⲛϣ ⲙⲡⲉⲥϣⲏⲣⲓ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲱ ⲃⲓⲁ ⲛⲉⲙ\nⲡⲁⲓⲇⲓⲕⲁⲥⲓⲙⲟⲛ ⲉⲧⲁⲓⲣⲁⲟⲩⲱ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ⲛϯⲥⲱⲟⲩⲛ ⲙⲙⲟϥ ⲁⲛ. ⲧⲟⲧⲉ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ\nⲛϫⲉ ⲡⲓⲣⲱⲙⲓ ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲇⲓⲁⲕⲟⲛⲉⲓⲛ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲁⲣⲓ ϯⲁⲅⲁⲡⲏ ⲙⲁ ⲡϣⲧⲱⲣⲓ\nⲙⲙⲟⲓ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁϥϣⲧⲱⲣⲓ ⲙⲙⲟϥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲁⲓⲣⲏϯ ⲁⲩⲭⲁϥ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲁϥϣⲉ ⲛⲁϥ\nⲉⲧⲉϥⲙⲟⲛⲏ ⲉϥⲟⲓ ⲙⲫⲁϣ ⲙⲟⲩ.\nⲉⲧⲁϥⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲉϧⲟⲩⲛ ⲉⲧⲉϥⲣⲓ ⲁϥⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲛⲉⲙⲁϥ ⲙⲙⲓⲛ ⲙⲙⲟϥ ⲉϥϫⲱ ⲙⲙⲟⲥ","english":"He had not seen him before that time. When they had kindled a great fire among the thorns and the thistles, behold, the pistos came out from the desert, and when they saw him, he was hastening toward death. They asked him, \"What is it that has happened to him?\" And they learned, and they said, \"Truly, this is not the word that you are saying now. For we first knew this man, that he is a pistos in truth.\" And when they had stood over him, they released him from the bonds, and they burned the remaining thorns and the other thistles that were upon his body. And the father of the young woman said to them, \"It is a powerless thing until he gives his judgment, so that when the young woman gives birth, he may give the forgiveness of her sin and the baptism of her son.\" And he said, \"O violence and this judgment that I have desired, I do not know him.\" Then the man who was serving him said, \"Do me the kindness, give me his judgment.\" And he gave him his judgment, and in this way they released him, and he went to his monastery, being half dead. When he had entered his cell, he spoke with himself, saying,","structure":"dialogue","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲡⲓⲥⲧⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Greek loanword πιστός (pistos) means 'faithful one' or 'believer'; here it likely refers to a monk or anchorite known for his faith, possibly Macarius himself.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲅⲁⲡⲏ","severity":"info","text":"The Greek loanword ἀγάπη (agape) here means 'kindness' or 'favor' in a general sense, not the liturgical meal; the request 'do me the kindness' is a polite formula.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"external","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The scene of a monk being falsely accused of fathering a child and accepting the shame without protest is a common hagiographic topos, paralleled in the Life of Mary of Egypt and the Apophthegmata Patrum.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage continues the dialogue begun in the previous passage, with the young woman's parents confronting the monk; the narrative shifts from accusation to the monk's passive acceptance and release.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡϣⲧⲱⲣⲓ","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic word ⲡϣⲧⲱⲣⲓ (pštōri) is ambiguous: it can mean 'judgment', 'decision', or 'disturbance'; here it likely refers to a legal or disciplinary judgment against the monk, but the exact sense is uncertain.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of ⲡⲓⲥⲧⲟⲥ (pistos) is not explicitly stated; it may refer to Macarius or another monk.","The phrase ⲡϣⲧⲱⲣⲓ (pštōri) could mean 'judgment' or 'disturbance'; the reading 'judgment' is adopted based on context.","The sequence of events after the monk's release is unclear: whether he returns to his monastery voluntarily or is taken there."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[{"kind":"structure","severity":"info","label":"dialogue","text":"Classified as dialogue from the Coptic cues."}]},{"i":27,"ref":"p27","source":"ϫⲉ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲓⲥ ϩⲏⲡⲡⲉ ⲁⲕϫⲓⲙⲓ ⲛⲁⲕ ⲛⲟⲩⲥϩⲓⲙⲓ ⲗⲟⲓⲡⲟⲛ ⲡⲓϩⲱⲃ ⲉⲣⲭⲣⲉⲓⲁ ⲉⲑⲣⲉⲕⲉⲣ ϩⲱⲃ ⲛϫⲱⲣϩ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲙⲉⲣⲓ ϫⲉ ϩⲓⲛⲁ ⲛⲧⲉⲕϣⲁⲛⲟⲩϣⲕ\nⲛⲉⲙⲁⲥ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲡⲉⲥϣⲏⲣⲓ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲁⲓⲣⲏϯ ⲛⲁϥⲉⲣ ϩⲱⲃ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲥⲡⲟⲩⲇⲏ ⲟⲩⲟϩ\nⲛⲓⲃⲓⲣ ⲉⲧⲉ ⲛⲉϣⲁϥⲑⲁⲙⲓⲱⲟⲩ ⲛⲁϥϯ ⲙⲙⲱⲟⲩ ⲙⲡⲓⲇⲓⲁⲕⲟⲛⲓⲧⲏⲥ ϫⲉ ϩⲓⲛⲁ\nⲛⲧⲉϥⲧⲏⲓⲧⲟⲩ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲧⲟⲩⲧⲓⲙⲏ ⲛⲧⲁϥⲧⲏⲓⲥ ⲛϯⲥϩⲓⲙⲓ ϩⲟⲡⲱⲥ ⲉⲥⲛⲁⲙⲓⲥⲓ ⲛⲧⲉⲥϭⲱⲟⲩ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲉⲣⲟⲥ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲡⲉⲥϣⲏⲣⲓ ⲫ︦ϯ︦ ⲇⲉ ⲡⲓⲙⲁⲓ ⲣⲱⲙⲓ ⲫⲏ ⲉⲧϯ\nⲱⲟⲩ ⲛⲛⲏ ⲉⲧϯ ⲱⲟⲩ ⲛⲁϥ ⲫⲏ ⲉⲧⲉⲣ ϣⲟⲣⲡ ⲛⲥⲱⲟⲩⲛ ⲛⲛⲏ ⲉⲧⲉ ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲙⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲛⲛⲏ ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲥⲓⲛⲓ ⲫⲏ ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲓ ⲉⲛⲉϥⲥⲱⲧⲡ ⲓⲥϫⲉⲛ ⲙⲡⲁⲛⲧⲟⲩϫⲫⲟⲟⲩ ⲓⲥϫⲉⲛ ⲉⲩϩⲓ ⲫⲟⲩⲉⲓ ⲙⲡⲉϥⲟⲩⲱϣ ⲉⲭⲱ ⲙⲡⲓⲁϩⲟ ⲉⲧϩⲏⲡ ⲟⲩⲇⲉ\nⲙⲡⲉϥⲟⲩⲱϣ ⲉⲭⲁ ⲣⲱϥ ⲛⲟⲩⲏϣⲉ ⲛⲟⲩⲱⲛϩ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲛⲧⲡⲟⲗⲓⲧⲉⲓⲁ ⲙⲡⲉϥⲃⲱⲕ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ⲁϥϯ ⲙⲁϯ ⲉⲑⲣⲉ ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ ⲉⲙⲓ ϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲟⲩϩⲉⲗⲡⲓⲥ ⲥⲟϫⲡ ⲛⲛⲓⲉⲩⲥⲉⲃⲏⲥ. ϩⲟⲧⲉ ⲟⲩⲛ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲓ ⲛϫⲉ ⲡⲓⲥⲏⲟⲩ ⲉⲧⲉⲥⲛⲁⲙⲓⲥⲓ\nⲛϫⲉ ϯⲉⲃⲓⲏⲛ ⲛϧⲉⲗϣⲁⲓⲣⲓ ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲙⲁⲩ ⲧⲟⲧⲉ ⲁⲩϩⲣⲟϣ ⲉϩⲣⲏⲓ ⲉϫⲱⲥ ⲛϫⲉ ⲛⲓⲛⲁⲕϩⲓ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲉⲛϣⲟⲧ ⲁⲥⲉⲣⲕⲓⲛⲇⲩⲛⲉⲩⲉⲓⲛ ⲉⲫⲙⲟⲩ ⲛⲇ︦ ⲛⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲇ︦\nⲛⲉϫⲱⲣϩ ⲛⲁⲥϣϫⲉⲙϫⲟⲙ ⲙⲙⲓⲥⲓ ⲁⲛ ⲡⲉ. ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲧⲉⲥⲙⲁⲩ ⲛⲁⲥ ϫⲉ ⲟⲩ ⲡⲉ","english":"Macarius, behold, you have found a wife for yourself. Now the matter needs you to work at night with Meri so that you may be intimate with her and her son. And in this way he worked with zeal, and the reeds which he would weave he would give to the deacon so that he might sell them, and the price which he received he would give to the woman, so that she might give birth and be delivered of her burden, she and her son. But God, the lover of humanity, who gives honor to those who give honor to him, who first knows those who have not become like those who have been judged, who knows his chosen ones from before they were born, from the time they were on the face of his desire, he did not wish to hide the hidden thing, nor did he wish to keep his mouth silent about the many things revealed concerning the polity of his servant Macarius. But he gave testimony so that all might know that there is hope for the pious. Then, when the time came for the poor woman of that village to give birth, the pains fell upon her in a moment, and she was in danger of death for forty days and forty nights, and she was unable to give birth. Her mother said to her, “What is it?","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲡⲓⲥⲧⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The term pistos (ⲡⲓⲥⲧⲟⲥ) is a Greek loanword meaning 'faithful one' or 'believer', often used in Coptic hagiography for a monastic disciple or a lay Christian of proven faith.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲡⲟⲗⲓⲧⲉⲓⲁ","severity":"info","text":"Politeia (ⲡⲟⲗⲓⲧⲉⲓⲁ) is a Greek term meaning 'way of life' or 'conduct', especially the ascetic discipline of a monk; here it refers to Macarius's virtuous regimen.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲫ︦ϯ︦ ⲇⲉ ⲡⲓⲙⲁⲓ ⲣⲱⲙⲓ","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'God, the lover of humanity' (ⲫ︦ϯ︦ ⲇⲉ ⲡⲓⲙⲁⲓ ⲣⲱⲙⲓ) echoes the Septuagintal and patristic epithet φιλάνθρωπος, applied to God in Wisdom of Solomon 1:6 and common in Coptic homilies.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"background","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The detail of Macarius weaving reeds and giving them to a deacon to sell reflects the historical practice of Egyptian monks supporting themselves through manual labor, often basket-weaving, as attested in the Apophthegmata Patrum.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage shifts from direct speech (the interlocutor addressing Macarius) to a narrative summary of Macarius's charitable work, then to a theological reflection on God's hidden providence, and finally to the crisis of the woman's childbirth.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲛⲓⲃⲓⲣ","severity":"caution","text":"The word ⲛⲓⲃⲓⲣ (reeds) is uncertain; the Coptic text may be corrupt or a scribal variant. The translation follows the sense of weaving materials, but the exact reading is not fully secure.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of the speaker addressing Macarius is not specified in the Coptic; the English draft implies an interlocutor, but the text may be a continuation of the previous speaker.","The phrase 'ⲛⲓⲃⲓⲣ' (reeds) is ambiguous; it could be a variant of ⲛⲓⲃⲉ (reeds) or a different word for a type of plant used in weaving."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":28,"ref":"p28","source":"ⲉⲧϣⲟⲡ ⲙⲙⲟ ⲧⲁϣⲉⲣⲓ ϩⲏⲡⲡⲉ ⲅⲁⲣ ϣⲁⲧⲉⲛ ⲕⲉⲕⲟⲩϫⲓ ⲧⲉⲣⲁⲙⲟⲩ. ⲛⲑⲟⲥ ⲇⲉ\nⲡⲉϫⲁⲥ ϫⲉ ⲧⲁ ⲫⲙⲏⲓ ϯⲙⲡϣⲁ ⲙⲫⲙⲟⲩ ϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲙⲟⲛⲟⲛ ⲁⲓⲓⲣⲓ ⲙⲡⲓⲛⲟⲃⲓ\nⲁⲗⲗⲁ ⲁⲓϩⲓⲗⲁ ⲛⲛⲟⲩϫ ⲟⲛ ⲉⲡⲓⲃⲱⲕ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲫ︦ϯ︦ ⲡⲓⲁⲛⲁⲭⲱⲣⲓⲧⲏⲥ ⲕⲁⲓ ⲅⲁⲣ\nⲙⲡⲉ ⲡⲓⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲙⲁⲩ ϭⲓ ⲛⲉⲙⲏⲓ ⲉⲡⲧⲏⲣϥ ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ⲡⲁ ⲫⲙⲁⲛ ⲛϧⲉⲗϣⲓⲣⲓ ⲡⲉ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲑⲣⲓⲉⲣ ⲃⲟⲕⲓ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ ⲛϫⲉ ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗϣⲓⲣⲓ ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲙⲁⲩ\nⲁϥⲫⲱⲧ ϩⲓⲛⲁ ϫⲉ ⲛⲛⲟⲩⲧⲁϩⲟϥ. ⲉⲧⲁⲥⲙⲓⲥⲓ ⲟⲛ ⲛϫⲉ ϯⲉⲃⲓⲏⲛ ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲙⲁⲩ\nϧⲉⲛ ⲡϫⲓ ⲛⲑⲣⲉⲥⲉⲣⲟⲙⲟⲗⲟⲅⲉⲓⲛ ⲛϯⲙⲉⲑⲙⲏⲓ ϩⲏⲡⲡⲉ ⲓⲥ ⲡⲓⲇⲓⲁⲕⲟⲛⲓⲧⲏⲥ\nⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲓⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲁϥⲓ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ϣⲁⲣⲟϥ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲛⲓϣϯ ⲛⲣⲁϣⲓ\nⲛⲉⲙ ⲟⲩϣⲟⲩϣⲟⲩ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲁϥϫⲱ ⲙⲙⲟⲥ ⲛⲁϥ ⲡⲉ ϫⲉ ⲙⲡⲉ ϯϧⲉⲗϣⲁⲓⲣⲓ ⲉⲧⲧⲏ ⲑⲏ ⲉⲧⲁⲥϩⲓⲗⲁ ⲛⲛⲟⲩϫ ⲉⲣⲟⲕ ⲙⲡⲉⲥϣϫⲉⲙϫⲟⲙ ⲙⲙⲓⲥⲓ ϣⲁⲧⲉⲥⲉⲣⲟⲙⲟⲗⲟⲅⲉⲓⲛ ϫⲉ ⲡⲓⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲁⲛ ⲡⲉ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲉⲣ ⲫⲁⲓ ⲉⲣⲟⲓ ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ⲡⲁ ⲫⲙⲁⲛ ⲛϧⲉⲗϣⲓⲣⲓ ⲡⲉ. ⲛⲏ ⲇⲉ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ ⲉⲫⲏ ⲉⲧⲁϥϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲛⲁⲩⲛⲏⲟⲩ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ\nⲡ ⲉ ϣⲁ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲉⲩϯ ⲱⲟⲩ ⲛⲁϥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲩϣⲟⲩϣⲟⲩ ⲉϫⲱϥ ⲉⲙⲁϣⲱ. ⲡⲓⲇⲓⲁⲕⲟⲛⲓⲧⲏⲥ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲁϥⲑⲉⲗⲏⲗ ⲙⲙⲟϥ ⲡⲉ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲙⲉⲧϩⲟⲩⲟ ⲉⲁ ⲡⲟⲥ\nⲫϯ ⲱⲗⲓ ⲛϣⲓⲡⲓ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲁ ⲡⲉϥϩⲟ ⲉⲑⲃⲉ ϫⲉ ⲛⲁⲩϫⲫⲓⲟ ⲙⲙⲟϥ ⲡⲉ\nϧⲁϫⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲕⲟⲩϫⲓ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲙⲏϣ ⲉⲩϣⲱϣ ⲙⲙⲟϥ ⲉⲩϫⲱ ⲙⲙⲟⲥ","english":"that which is hidden from me. For behold, until a little while ago I was a virgin. But she said, \"My husband, I am worthy of death, for not only did I commit the sin, but I also slandered the servant of God, the anchorite, and moreover the holy one did not take me at all, but it was the son of the maidservant who did this to me.\" And when that maidservant heard, he fled so that he would not be caught. That poor woman also gave birth in the taking of her confession. Behold, the deacon of the holy Abba Macarius came out to him with great joy and exultation, and he was saying to him, \"Did not the maidservant who slandered you, did she not have the power to give birth until she confessed that it was not the holy one who did this to me, but the son of the maidservant?\" And all those who heard what had happened came all together to Abba Macarius, giving him honor and exulting over him greatly. The deacon was rejoicing exceedingly, and the Lord God removed all shame from his face because they were mocking him a little before by a multitude who were reviling him, saying,","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"sense","kind":"sense","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲉⲧϣⲟⲡ ⲙⲙⲟ ⲧⲁϣⲉⲣⲓ ϩⲏⲡⲡⲉ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic phrase is ambiguous: it can mean 'that which is hidden from me' (as in the English draft) or 'that which is hidden, my daughter'. The context of the woman's confession supports the draft's reading, but the address 'my daughter' is also possible.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The title 'Abba' (ⲁⲃⲃⲁ) is retained from the Coptic, reflecting the Greek/Syriac honorific for a monastic elder. Here it is applied to Macarius, consistent with his role as an anchorite.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"external","lemma":"ⲡⲓⲁⲛⲁⲭⲱⲣⲓⲧⲏⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The term 'anchorite' (ⲁⲛⲁⲭⲱⲣⲓⲧⲏⲥ) designates a hermit who withdraws from communal life, a common ideal in Egyptian monasticism. Macarius is so identified, emphasizing his sanctity and the slander's gravity.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"ϩⲏⲡⲡⲉ ⲓⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'ϩⲏⲡⲡⲉ ⲓⲥ' (behold, here is) marks a narrative climax: the deacon's arrival and the woman's confession resolve the slander plot. This structural cue signals the turning point in the episode.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"external","lemma":"ⲡⲓⲇⲓⲁⲕⲟⲛⲓⲧⲏⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The deacon's role as intermediary and witness to Macarius's vindication reflects the hagiographic trope of a clerical figure confirming the saint's innocence. This motif appears in other Coptic lives, such as that of Antony.","cites":[],"named_sources":["Life of Antony"],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲉⲧⲁⲥⲙⲓⲥⲓ ⲟⲛ ⲛϫⲉ ϯⲉⲃⲓⲏⲛ","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase 'that poor woman also gave birth' is textually uncertain: the Coptic ⲉⲧⲁⲥⲙⲓⲥⲓ ⲟⲛ may mean 'she also gave birth' or 'she gave birth again'. The context of confession suggests a single birth, but the word ⲟⲛ ('also' or 'again') is ambiguous.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase ⲉⲧϣⲟⲡ ⲙⲙⲟ ⲧⲁϣⲉⲣⲓ ϩⲏⲡⲡⲉ may be read as 'that which is hidden from me' or 'that which is hidden, my daughter'; the draft takes the former.","The verb ⲉⲧⲁⲥⲙⲓⲥⲓ ⲟⲛ could mean 'she also gave birth' or 'she gave birth again'; the draft opts for 'also gave birth'.","The identity of 'the son of the maidservant' (ⲫⲙⲁⲛ ⲛϧⲉⲗϣⲓⲣⲓ) is not clarified earlier in the passage; it may refer to a specific character or be generic."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":29,"ref":"p29","source":"ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲓⲥ ⲡⲓⲣⲱⲙⲓ ⲫⲏ ⲛⲑⲟⲕ ⲉⲧⲉⲕϫⲱ ⲙⲙⲟⲥ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲡⲉ ⲓⲥ\nϩⲏⲡⲡⲉ ⲁⲛϫⲉⲙϥ ⲙⲡⲁⲓⲥⲙⲟⲧ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲡⲁⲓⲣⲏϯ. ⲛⲁⲓ ⲟⲩⲛ ⲉⲧⲁⲩϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲙⲡⲁⲓⲣⲏϯ ⲁϥⲉⲣ ⲥⲟϭⲛⲓ ⲛϫⲉ ⲡⲓⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲉⲓ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϧⲉⲛ ϯⲙⲟⲛⲏ\nⲉⲧⲉⲙⲙⲁⲩ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉϣⲉ ⲛⲁϥ ⲉⲕⲉⲙⲱⲓⲧ ⲉϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲙⲙⲁⲩ.\nⲛϩⲣⲏⲓ ⲟⲩⲛ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ ⲉϥⲑⲏϣ ⲉϥⲛⲁϭⲓ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲓⲙⲩⲥⲧⲏⲣⲓⲟⲛ\nⲉⲑⲟⲩⲁⲃ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲧⲉϥⲕⲁϩⲥ ϧⲁⲣⲓ ϧⲁⲣⲟϥ ϧⲉⲛ ⲧⲉϥⲙⲟⲛⲏ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ϩⲱⲥ ⲉϥⲛⲁⲟϩⲓ ⲉⲣⲁⲧϥ ⲉⲡⲓⲙⲁ ⲛⲉⲣ ϣⲱⲟⲩϣⲓ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲧⲉϥⲥⲩⲛⲏⲑⲉⲓⲁ ⲁϥϫⲟⲩϣⲧ ⲥⲁ\nⲡⲥⲫⲓⲣ ⲙⲙⲟϥ ⲥⲁ ⲧⲉϥⲟⲩⲓⲛⲁⲙ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁϥⲛⲁⲩ ϩⲏⲡⲡⲉ ⲓⲥ ⲟⲩⲭⲉⲣⲟⲩⲃⲓⲙ\nⲉϥⲟⲓ ⲛⲋ̄ ⲛⲧⲉⲛϩ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉϥⲟϣ ⲙⲃⲁⲗ ⲉⲙⲁϣⲱ ⲛⲁϥⲙⲙⲁⲩ ⲡⲉ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲉⲣ ϩⲏⲧⲥ ⲛϯ ⲛⲓⲁⲧϥ ⲙⲙⲟϥ ⲛϫⲉ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ϩⲱⲥ ϫⲉ ⲟⲩ ⲡⲉ ⲧⲟⲧⲉ\nϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲙⲟⲩⲉ ⲛⲉⲙ ϯⲙⲉⲧⲗⲁⲙⲡⲣⲟⲥ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲉϥⲱⲟⲩ ⲁϥϩⲉⲓ ⲉϫⲉⲛ ⲡⲉϥϩⲟ\nⲡϫⲉ ⲡⲓⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁϥⲉⲣ ⲙⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲛⲟⲩⲣⲉϥⲙⲱⲟⲩⲧ\nⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲉⲣ ⲟⲩⲕⲟⲩϫⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲉϥϣⲧⲏⲟⲩⲧ ϩⲓϫⲉⲛ ⲡⲕⲁϩⲓ ⲁϥⲁⲙⲟⲛⲓ ⲙⲙⲟϥ\nⲛϫⲉ ⲡⲓⲭⲉⲣⲟⲩⲃⲓⲙ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁϥϯ ϫⲟⲙ ⲛⲁϥ ⲁϥⲧⲟⲩⲛⲟⲥϥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲉⲣⲛⲏⲫⲉⲓⲛ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲉⲑⲃⲉ ⲟⲩ ⲁ ⲡⲉⲕϩⲏⲧ ⲟⲩⲙⲟⲧ ⲛⲧⲁⲓϧⲉ ⲧⲏⲣⲥ ⲉⲁⲕⲉⲣ\nⲁⲙⲉⲗⲏⲥ ⲉⲛⲏⲉⲧⲁⲩⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲙⲙⲱⲟⲩ ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲕ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡϫⲟϣϫⲉϣ ⲛϯⲡⲉⲧⲣⲁ ⲟⲩⲟϩ\nⲛⲏ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲉⲧⲁⲕⲥⲟⲑⲙⲟⲩ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲙⲁ ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲙⲁⲩ ⲁⲩϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲛⲁϩⲣⲁⲕ","english":"to him, \"Behold, the man of whom you speak, saying he is a holy man, behold we have found him in this manner and in this way. These things having happened in this way, the holy abba Macarius took counsel to go out from that monastery and to go to another place, to be there. Then, on a certain appointed day, he was to receive the holy mysteries according to his custom, standing in his place for the service according to his habit. He looked to the left of him, to his right, and he saw, behold, a cherubim having six wings and with many eyes, standing there. And when abba Macarius fixed his eyes upon him, as if to see what it was, then through the light and the brightness of his glory, it fell upon his face. The holy abba Macarius said, and he acted as one dead. And when he had been a little while prostrate on the ground, the cherubim strengthened him and raised him up, and when he had become sober, he said to him, \"Why has your heart been troubled in this whole way, that you have been negligent of those who spoke with you in the cave of Petra, and all those whom you heard in that place, have they become before you?","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic ⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ, from Greek ἅγιος, is rendered 'holy' adjectivally; with the article it can mean 'the saint'. Here ⲡⲓⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ is 'the holy Abba Macarius'.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲃⲃⲁ","severity":"info","text":"ⲁⲃⲃⲁ is the Greek/Syriac address 'Abba', retained in the Coptic as a title for senior monks. It is not translated but kept as a proper form.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"external","lemma":"ⲭⲉⲣⲟⲩⲃⲓⲙ","severity":"info","text":"The cherubim (ⲭⲉⲣⲟⲩⲃⲓⲙ) described with six wings and many eyes is a celestial being from biblical and apocryphal tradition, often associated with divine glory and theophany.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage shifts from the resolution of the slander plot to a visionary encounter: Macarius sees a cherubim, falls prostrate, is raised, and receives a rebuke about neglecting those who spoke to him in the cave of Petra.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡϫⲟϣϫⲉϣ ⲛϯⲡⲉⲧⲣⲁ","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase ⲡϫⲟϣϫⲉϣ ⲛϯⲡⲉⲧⲣⲁ 'the cave of Petra' is obscure; it may refer to a specific location in the Egyptian desert or a symbolic 'rock cave'. The Coptic text is not fully clear.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of 'those who spoke with you in the cave of Petra' is not specified; they may be earlier interlocutors or angelic beings.","The sequence of Macarius's prostration and the cherubim's action is syntactically compressed; the exact order of events is open to interpretation."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":30,"ref":"p30","source":"ⲙⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲛⲟⲩⲉⲃϣⲓ ⲡⲗⲏⲛ ⲕⲁⲗⲱⲥ ⲁⲕⲁⲓⲥ ϫⲉ ⲁⲕⲉⲣϩⲩⲡⲟⲙⲉⲛⲉⲓⲛ ⲉⲡⲓⲡⲉⲓⲣⲁⲥⲙⲟⲥ ϣⲁⲧⲉϥϭⲓ ⲛⲟⲩϫⲱⲕ ϫⲉ ϩⲓⲛⲁ ϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ ϯⲡⲉⲓⲣⲁ ⲛⲧⲉⲕⲥⲁⲃⲟⲕ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲕⲟⲩϫⲓ ⲕⲟⲩϫⲓ ⲛⲧⲉⲕϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲛⲇⲟⲕⲓⲙⲟⲥ ϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲓⲁⲅⲱⲛ ⲛⲁⲓ ⲉⲧⲉ ⲡⲟⲥ ⲛⲁⲉⲣⲥⲩⲅⲭⲱⲣⲉⲓⲛ ⲉⲑⲣⲟⲩⲉⲣⲡⲉⲓⲣⲁⲍⲉⲓⲛ ⲙⲙⲟⲕ ⲛϧⲏⲧⲟⲩ ϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ ⲛⲓⲇⲁⲓⲙⲱⲛ ⲛⲉⲙ\nⲛⲓⲣⲱⲙⲓ ⲉⲟⲩⲥⲟⲡ. ⲟⲑⲉⲛ ϫⲱⲕ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲛϯⲗⲉⲓⲧⲟⲩⲣⲅⲓⲁ ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲧⲉⲛϩⲟⲩⲧⲕ\nⲉⲣⲟⲥ ⲑⲁⲓ ⲉⲧⲁⲕⲉⲣ ϩⲏⲧⲥ ⲉⲣⲟⲥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ϭⲓ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲓⲙⲩⲥⲧⲏⲣⲓⲟⲛ ⲉⲑⲟⲩⲁⲃ\nϫⲉ ⲉⲩⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲛⲁⲕ ⲛⲧⲟⲩⲃⲟ ⲛⲉⲙ ϫⲟⲙ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲥⲉⲃⲧⲱⲧⲕ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲉϫⲱⲣϩ\nⲉⲑⲛⲏⲟⲩ ϫⲉ ϩⲓⲛⲁ ⲉⲕⲉⲓ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲁⲓⲙⲁ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲓⲏⲥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲧⲉⲕϣⲱⲡⲓ\nϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲙⲁ ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲧⲁⲙⲟⲕ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ ⲡⲉⲛⲟ︦ⲥ︦ ⲉⲟⲩⲥⲟⲡ. ⲙⲟⲛⲟⲛ ⲙⲁ ⲡⲉⲕⲑⲱϣ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲙⲡⲉⲣⲉⲣ ⲁⲙⲉⲗⲏⲥ ⲉⲡⲟⲩⲁϩⲥⲁϩⲛⲓ ⲉⲧⲁⲩϩⲉⲛϩⲱⲛⲕ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ⲁⲛⲟⲕ\nⲅⲁⲣ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲉϫⲱⲣϩ ⲉⲑⲛⲏⲟⲩ ⲉⲓⲉⲓ ϣⲁⲣⲟⲕ ⲉⲡⲁⲓⲙⲁ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲛⲉⲓ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϧⲉⲛ\nⲡⲓⲉϫⲱⲣϩ ⲙⲙⲟⲛ ϩⲗⲓ ⲉⲙⲓ ⲉⲣⲟⲛ ⲉⲑⲃⲉ ⲫⲃⲁⲣⲟⲥ ⲛⲛⲓⲣⲱⲙⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲙⲡⲉⲣⲉⲣ\nϩⲟϯ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ϩⲗⲓ ⲛⲥⲙⲟⲧ ϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲏⲓ ⲡⲁⲓⲣⲏϯ ⲡⲉ ⲉⲧⲁ ⲡⲟ︦ⲥ︦ ⲟⲩⲁϩⲥⲁϩⲛⲓ ⲛⲏⲓ\nⲟⲩⲙⲟⲛⲟⲛ ϫⲉ ⲉⲕⲉⲓ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲁⲓⲙⲁ ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ⲇⲉ ϩⲓⲛⲁ ⲛⲧⲁϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲕ","english":"like a lamp. Nevertheless, you have done well to endure the temptation until it reached its completion, so that through the trial you might learn little by little and become a tested one in these struggles, in which the Lord will grant that you be tempted by the demons and men together. Then the completion of the liturgy to which you were assigned, which you have undertaken, and receiving from the holy mysteries, they will become for you purity and strength, and you will be prepared in the coming hour so that you may depart from this place in haste and be in the place to which you were directed by our Lord together. Only, be diligent and do not be negligent regarding the command that was given to you. I myself, in the coming hour, will come to you at this place, and we will depart from the hour, and no one will know about the burden of the men. And do not be afraid in any way, for thus it is that the Lord commanded me, not only that you depart from this place, but also that I may be with you.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲡⲓⲙⲩⲥⲧⲏⲣⲓⲟⲛ ⲉⲑⲟⲩⲁⲃ","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'holy mysteries' (ⲙⲩⲥⲧⲏⲣⲓⲟⲛ ⲉⲑⲟⲩⲁⲃ) refers to the Eucharist, a standard term in Coptic liturgy.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲇⲟⲕⲓⲙⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"ⲇⲟⲕⲓⲙⲟⲥ (from Greek δόκιμος) means 'tested, approved' and here describes a monk proven through ascetic struggles.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"external","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The command to depart in haste and the promise of divine guidance echo the desert tradition of angelic or visionary instructions directing anchorites to new hermitages.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage is a direct speech from a divine or angelic figure to Macarius, marked by imperatives and future promises, serving as a turning point in the narrative.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲫⲃⲁⲣⲟⲥ","severity":"caution","text":"ⲫⲃⲁⲣⲟⲥ (from Greek βάρος) is translated as 'burden' but may also imply 'weight' or 'oppression'; the sense is that the departure will be unnoticed by others.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of the speaker is not explicitly named in this passage; it is implied to be a divine or angelic figure (possibly Christ or an angel) based on the reference to 'the Lord' and the command.","The phrase 'ⲡⲓⲉϫⲱⲣϩ ⲉⲑⲛⲏⲟⲩ' (the coming hour) could refer to a specific liturgical hour or a general time of departure."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":31,"ref":"p31","source":"ⲟⲛ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲙⲁ ⲉⲧⲁ ⲡⲟ︦ⲥ︦ ⲧⲁⲙⲟⲕ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ϣⲁⲧⲟⲩϫⲱⲕ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲛϫⲉ ⲛⲏ ⲉⲧⲁⲕⲥⲟⲑⲙⲟⲩ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲕ. ⲡⲁⲓⲣⲏϯ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲁϥϯ ⲙⲁϯ ⲛϫⲉ\nⲫ︦ϯ︦ ⲉⲑⲣⲉⲕϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲛⲓⲱⲧ ⲛⲟⲩⲙⲏϣ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ϯϫⲓ ⲛϫⲫⲟ ⲁⲛ ⲛⲥⲁⲣⲕⲓⲕⲟⲛ ⲁⲗⲗⲁ\nⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲡⲓⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲛⲓϣⲏⲣⲓ ⲙⲡⲛⲁⲧⲓⲕⲟⲛ ⲉⲁⲓϭⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲟⲩⲟⲩⲁϩⲥⲁϩⲛⲓ\nⲉⲃⲟⲗϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ ⲫ︦ϯ︦ ϫⲉ ϩⲓⲛⲁ ⲡⲓⲗⲁⲟⲥ ⲫⲏ ⲛⲑⲟⲕ ⲉⲧⲉⲕⲛⲁⲑⲟⲩⲱⲧϥ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ\nⲡϯ ⲙⲁϯ ⲙⲡⲁⲛⲟⲩϯ ⲛⲧⲁⲉⲣⲇⲓⲁⲕⲟⲛⲉⲓⲛ ⲛⲱⲟⲩ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲙⲩⲥⲧⲏⲣⲓⲟⲛ ϣⲁ\nⲧϧⲁⲏ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲛⲓⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ ⲉϣⲱⲡ ⲙⲉⲛⲧⲟⲓ ⲁⲩϣⲁⲛⲁⲣⲉϩ ⲉⲛⲓⲉⲛⲧⲟⲗⲏ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲛⲓⲟⲩⲁϩⲥⲁϩⲛⲓ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲟ︦ⲥ︦ ⲛⲏ ⲉⲧⲉⲕⲛⲁⲧⲏⲓⲧⲟⲩ ⲉⲧⲟⲧⲟⲩ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲁⲓ ⲉⲧⲁϥϫⲟⲧⲟⲩ\nⲡⲁⲗⲓⲛ ⲟⲛ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲉⲓⲉⲓ ⲛⲁⲕ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲉϫⲱⲣϩ ⲉⲑⲛⲏⲟⲩ ⲙⲡⲉⲣⲉⲣ\nϩⲟϯ ⲟⲩⲇⲉ ⲙⲡⲉⲣⲉⲣⲁⲙⲫⲓⲗⲁⲙⲃⲁⲛⲉⲓⲛ ϫⲉ ⲡⲟ︦ⲥ︦ ⲡⲉ ⲉⲑⲟⲩⲁϩⲥⲁϩⲛⲓ ⲛⲁⲕ\nⲁⲛⲁⲩ ⲙⲡⲉⲣⲉⲣⲁⲛⲧⲓⲗⲉⲅⲉⲓⲛ\nⲡⲓⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲟⲩⲛ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲉⲧⲁϥϭⲓ ⲛⲟⲩⲡⲁⲣⲁⲙⲩⲑⲓⲁ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲟⲩⲛⲟⲙϯ ϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ ⲧⲡⲁⲣⲟⲩⲥⲓⲁ ⲙⲡⲓⲭⲉⲣⲟⲩⲃⲓⲙ ⲧⲟⲧⲉ ⲁϥⲉⲣ ⲡⲱⲃϣ ⲛⲛⲓϧⲓⲥⲓ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲛⲓⲙⲕⲁϩ ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲧⲏⲓⲧⲟⲩ ⲛⲁϥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲁⲓⲣⲏϯ ⲁϥⲥⲉⲃⲧⲱⲧϥ ⲉⲉⲣⲁⲕⲟⲗⲟⲩⲑⲉⲓⲛ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ϩⲱⲃ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲛⲉⲙⲁϥ ⲙⲙⲱⲟⲩ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ϧⲉⲛ","english":"also in the place which the Lord showed you, until those whom you heard speaking with you according to the manner are completed. For in this way God gave testimony that you should become a father to many, not according to the birth of the flesh, but according to the adoption of the spiritual children. And I received a command from the Lord, that the people whom you will guide according to the gift of my God, I should serve them in a mystery until the end of the days, if they keep the commandments and the commands of the Lord which you will give to them. And these things he said to him again, he said to him, \"I will come to you in the coming night; do not fear, nor doubt, for the Lord is the one who commands you. Do not contradict.\"\n\nThe holy Abba Macarius, then, having received consolation and strength through the presence of the Cherubim, then he forgot all the sufferings and the pains which had been given to him, and in this way he prepared himself to follow according to all the things which had been spoken to him. And in","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The title 'Abba' (ⲁⲃⲃⲁ) is retained from the Coptic as a fixed form of address for Macarius, reflecting the Greek/Syriac honorific used in monastic circles.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"background","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The Cherubim (ⲡⲓⲭⲉⲣⲟⲩⲃⲓⲙ) appear as a divine messenger, consistent with Coptic hagiographic motifs where angelic beings console ascetics after trials.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage concludes a narrative sequence of temptation and divine reassurance, transitioning to Macarius's preparation for his spiritual fatherhood, marked by the phrase 'in this way he prepared himself'.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲙⲩⲥⲧⲏⲣⲓⲟⲛ","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic ⲙⲩⲥⲧⲏⲣⲓⲟⲛ ('mystery') is ambiguous: it may refer to the Eucharist (a 'mystery' in liturgical sense) or to a secret spiritual service; the English draft renders it as 'in a mystery' without clarification.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲛⲓⲉⲛⲧⲟⲗⲏ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲛⲓⲟⲩⲁϩⲥⲁϩⲛⲓ","severity":"info","text":"The pairing of 'commandments and commands' (ⲛⲓⲉⲛⲧⲟⲗⲏ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲛⲓⲟⲩⲁϩⲥⲁϩⲛⲓ) echoes biblical language of divine law (e.g., Exodus 20) and monastic rules, reinforcing the authority of Macarius's guidance.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase 'ⲙⲩⲥⲧⲏⲣⲓⲟⲛ' (mystery) could denote a liturgical rite or a hidden spiritual act; the text does not specify.","The identity of the speaker who says 'I will come to you in the coming night' is not explicitly named in this passage, though context suggests the Cherubim or a divine figure."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":32,"ref":"p32","source":"ⲡⲓⲉϫⲱⲣϩ ⲉⲑⲛⲏⲟⲩ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲧⲱⲛϥ ⲉⲉⲣ ϯⲥⲩⲛⲁⲝⲓⲥ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲧⲉϥⲕⲁϩⲥ ϩⲏⲡⲡⲉ\nⲓⲥ ⲡⲓⲙⲁ ⲧⲏⲣϥ ⲁϥⲉⲣ ⲟⲩⲱⲓⲛⲓ ⲙⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲙⲫⲛⲁⲩ ⲙⲙⲉⲣⲓ ϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲓⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ\nⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲓϣⲱⲙ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁϥⲉⲙⲓ ⲛϫⲉ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ϯⲥⲩⲛⲧⲩⲭⲏ ϫⲉ\nⲡⲓⲭⲉⲣⲟⲩⲃⲓⲙ ⲡⲉ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲓ ϣⲁⲣⲟϥ. ⲉⲧⲁⲥⲉⲣ ⲟⲩⲕⲟⲩϫⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲛϫⲉ ϯϫⲟⲙ ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲙⲁⲩ ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲛⲛⲉϥϣⲑⲟⲣⲧⲉⲣ ⲧⲟⲧⲉ ⲉⲡϧⲁⲉ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲧⲱⲛⲕ ⲙⲟⲣⲕ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩϫⲟⲙ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ ⲫⲏ ⲉⲧϯϫⲟⲙ\nⲛⲁⲕ ⲫ︦ϯ︦ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲟⲩⲁϩⲕ ⲛⲥⲱⲓ ϣⲁ ⲡⲓⲙⲱⲓⲧ ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲉⲣ ϣⲟⲣⲡ ⲛⲧⲁⲙⲟⲕ ⲉⲣⲟϥ\nϩⲏⲇⲏ ϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ ⲡⲟ︦ⲥ︦. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲁⲓⲣⲏϯ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲥⲉϫⲡ ϩⲱⲃ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ ϧⲉⲛ ϯⲙⲟⲛⲏ ⲁϥⲓ\nⲉⲃⲟⲗ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲣⲁϣⲓ ⲉⲩⲙⲟϣⲓ ϧⲁϫⲱϥ ϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲭⲉⲣⲟⲩⲃⲓⲙ ⲙⲁⲗⲗⲟⲛ ⲇⲉ\nϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ ⲧϫⲟⲙ ⲙⲫ︦ϯ︦ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲙⲉⲛⲉⲛⲥⲁ ⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ ⲃ︦ ⲁⲩⲓ ⲉϧⲟⲩⲛ ⲉⲡⲓⲧⲱⲟⲩ ⲟⲩⲟϩ\nⲉⲩⲕⲱϯ ⲉⲡⲁⲓⲥⲁ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲫⲁⲓ ϩⲱⲥ ⲉⲩⲛⲁⲙⲟⲩϣⲧ ϩⲓϫⲉⲛ ⲙⲡⲓⲧⲱⲟⲩ ⲧⲟⲧⲉ ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ϯϯϩⲟ ⲉⲣⲟⲕ ⲡⲁⲟ︦ⲥ︦ ⲙⲁⲧⲁⲙⲟⲓ ϫⲉ ⲁⲓⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲛⲁϣ ⲙⲙⲁ ϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲏⲓ ⲅⲁⲣ ϯⲥⲱⲟⲩⲛ ⲛϩⲗⲓ ⲁⲛ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲁⲓⲙⲱⲓⲧ. ⲡⲉϫⲉ\nⲡⲓⲭⲉⲣⲟⲩⲃⲓⲙ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲡⲁⲓ ⲑⲱϣ ⲫⲁⲓ ⲫⲁ ⲧⲉⲕⲡⲣⲟϩⲁⲓⲣⲉⲥⲓⲥ ⲡⲉ ⲓⲥ ⲡⲓⲙⲁ\nⲭⲏ ⲙⲡⲉⲕⲙⲑⲟ ⲡⲗⲏⲛ ⲁⲣⲓⲇⲟⲕⲓⲙⲁⲍⲉⲓⲛ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲙⲟⲛⲓ ⲙⲫⲏ ⲉⲧⲉⲣ ⲛⲟϥⲣⲓ\nⲙⲟⲛⲟⲛ ⲙⲁ ϩⲑⲏⲕ ⲉⲣⲟⲕ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲁ ⲛⲓⲡ︦ⲛ︦ⲁ︦ ⲉⲧϩⲱⲟⲩ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲛⲟⲩϫⲟⲣϫⲥ","english":"the dawn came and he arose to perform the synaxis according to his custom. Behold, the whole place became illuminated as if it were the time of midday in the days of summer. And Abba Macarius understood by this coincidence that it was the Cherubim who had come to him. But when that power had remained a little while without speaking to Abba Macarius, lest he be troubled, then at last he said to him, \"Arise, gird yourself with strength from the one who gives you strength, God, and follow me to the path which was first shown to you already by the Lord.\" And in this way, all things were accomplished in the monastery; he went out with joy, walking behind him by the Cherubim, or rather by the power of God. And after two days, they came into the mountain, and they were seeking this place, and this one as if they would worship on the mountain. Then Abba Macarius said to him, \"I am afraid, my Lord; tell me, what place will I be? For I know nothing in this path.\" The Cherubim said to him, \"This boundary is your choice; behold, the place lies before you. But test and remain with the one who does good. Only, beware of the evil spirits and their disturbances.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ϯⲥⲩⲛⲁⲝⲓⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Greek loanword ⲥⲩⲛⲁⲝⲓⲥ (synaxis) denotes the liturgical gathering for prayer and psalmody, a standard monastic office.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲓⲭⲉⲣⲟⲩⲃⲓⲙ","severity":"info","text":"ⲭⲉⲣⲟⲩⲃⲓⲙ (cherubim) is a Greek plural form of the Hebrew כְּרוּבִים, here personified as a single angelic guide.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲓⲙⲱⲓⲧ ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲉⲣ ϣⲟⲣⲡ ⲛⲧⲁⲙⲟⲕ ⲉⲣⲟϥ","severity":"info","text":"The 'path first shown by the Lord' echoes the earlier divine command (previous passage) that Macarius guide spiritual children, linking the angelic visitation to that mandate.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲙⲁⲗⲗⲟⲛ ⲇⲉ","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'or rather' (ⲙⲁⲗⲗⲟⲛ ⲇⲉ) corrects the agency from the cherubim to God's power, a typical hagiographic device to subordinate angelic intermediaries to divine action.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲁⲓⲥⲁ","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic ⲡⲁⲓⲥⲁ (this place) is ambiguous: it may refer to a specific hermitage or a general location; the English draft renders it as 'this place' without further specification.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁⲣⲓⲇⲟⲕⲓⲙⲁⲍⲉⲓⲛ","severity":"info","text":"The Greek verb ⲇⲟⲕⲓⲙⲁⲍⲉⲓⲛ (to test) reflects the ascetic practice of discernment (diakrisis), a key theme in Macarian spirituality.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of 'that power' (ϯϫⲟⲙ ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲙⲁⲩ) is ambiguous: it may refer to the cherubim or to a divine force; the text later clarifies it as God's power.","The phrase 'after two days' (ⲙⲉⲛⲉⲛⲥⲁ ⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ ⲃ) could be literal or symbolic; the Coptic numeral ⲃ (2) is clear but the narrative time is compressed."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":33,"ref":"p33","source":"ⲙⲡⲟⲛⲏⲣⲟⲛ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲕϣⲁⲛ ⲥⲉⲙⲛⲓ ϯⲛⲁϫⲉⲙ ⲡⲉⲕϣⲓⲛⲓ ⲉⲓⲙⲏⲛ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ\nⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲟⲩⲁϩⲥⲁϩⲛⲓ ⲛⲏⲓ ϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ ⲡⲁⲛⲟⲩϯ. ⲉⲧⲁϥⲉⲣ ⲟⲩⲙⲏϣ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ ⲛϫⲉ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲉϥⲙⲟⲩϣⲧ ⲛⲥⲁ ⲡⲓⲧⲱⲟⲩ ⲉϥⲕⲱϯ ⲁϥⲓ ⲉϧⲣⲏⲓ\nⲉⲧⲁⲣⲭⲏ ⲙⲡⲓϩⲉⲗⲟⲥ ⲉⲥⲕⲉⲛ ⲛⲓⲥⲁ ⲛⲧⲉ ϯⲁⲛⲁⲃⲁⲗⲗⲟⲩⲥ ϫⲉ ϩⲓⲛⲁ ⲉⲣⲉ\nⲡⲓⲙⲱⲟⲩ ⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲉϥⲟⲩⲏⲟⲩ ⲙⲙⲟϥ ⲁⲛ ⲉⲡⲓϩⲟⲩⲟ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁϥϣⲱⲕⲓ ϧⲉⲛ\nϯⲡⲉⲧⲣⲁ ⲁϥⲑⲁⲙⲓⲟ ⲛⲟⲩⲥⲡⲏⲗⲁⲓⲟⲛ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁϥϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲛϧⲏⲧϥ ⲧⲉⲱⲥ ⲛϩⲁⲛ\nⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ.\nⲉⲓⲧⲁ ⲉⲧⲁϥϭⲓ ⲧⲁⲧⲥⲓ ⲛⲥⲁ ⲛⲓⲙⲁ ⲛϣⲁϥⲉ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲏⲥⲩⲭⲁⲍⲉⲓⲛ ⲉⲡⲓϩⲟⲩⲟ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲓ ⲉⲡϣⲱⲓ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ϧⲉⲛ ϯⲡⲉⲧⲣⲁ ⲉⲧϩⲓ ⲫⲣⲏⲥ ⲁϥϣⲱⲡⲓ\nⲙⲙⲁⲩ ϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲏⲓ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲛⲁⲣⲉ ⲛⲓⲟⲩⲣⲁϯ ϯ ϧⲓⲥⲓ ⲛⲁϥ ϧⲁⲧⲉⲛ ϯⲁⲛⲁⲃⲁⲗⲗⲟⲩⲥ\nⲉⲩϩⲓ ϩⲟⲥⲉⲙ ⲉⲡϣⲱⲓ ϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲓⲥⲁ ⲉⲧⲁⲩϧⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲛⲛⲓⲙⲁⲧⲟⲓ ⲛϧⲏⲧⲟⲩ ⲛϫⲉ ⲛⲓⲃⲁⲣⲃⲁⲣⲟⲥ. ⲉⲧⲁϥⲉⲣ ⲟⲩⲥⲏⲟⲩ ⲇⲉ ⲙⲙⲁⲩ ⲁϥϣⲱⲕ ⲛⲥⲡⲏⲗⲁⲓⲟⲛ ⲃ︦ ϧⲉⲛ\nϯⲡⲉⲧⲣⲁ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲓⲟⲩⲁⲓ ⲙⲙⲱⲟⲩ ⲁϥⲑⲁⲙⲓⲟ ⲛⲟⲩⲥⲕⲏⲛⲏ ⲛϧⲏⲧϥ ⲥⲁ ⲡⲉⲓⲉⲃⲧ\nϫⲉ ϩⲓⲛⲁ ⲉϥⲉϭⲓ ⲥⲙⲟⲩ ⲛϧⲏⲧϥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲁϥϩⲉⲙⲥⲓ ⲡⲉ ⲉϥⲥⲣⲱϥⲧ ⲉⲡⲓϣⲗⲏⲗ\nⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉϥⲉⲣ ϩⲱⲃ ⲉϯⲛⲉⲃϯ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲓⲃⲓⲣ ⲉⲛⲁϥⲑⲁⲙⲓⲟ ⲙⲙⲱⲟⲩ ⲛⲁϥϯ\nⲙⲙⲱⲟⲩ ⲡⲉ ⲛⲛⲓⲟⲩⲣⲁϯ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲩϣⲁⲛⲧⲏⲓⲧⲟⲩ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲛⲉϣⲁⲩⲓⲛⲓ ⲛⲁϥ ⲡⲉ","english":"...the evil one, and if you establish [it], I will find your shadow continually, according to the manner that my God commanded me. And after many days had passed, Abba Macarius, while searching for the mountain, going around, came down to the beginning of the marsh, which extends toward the side of the Anabolus, so that the water might not be disturbed by him too much. And he dug into the rock, made a cave, and dwelt in it for some days.\n\nThen he took the habit of going to the desert places and of practicing hesychia more, and he went up from the rock that is on the south side and dwelt there. For indeed, the monks would give him trouble near the Anabolus, being in distress going up in the sides where the soldiers had been slain among them by the barbarians. And after a time there, he dug two caves in the rock, and in one of them he made a cell on the north side, so that he might receive a blessing in it, and he would sit praying, and he would work at weaving, and the baskets that he would make, he would give them to the monks. And when they were finished, they would bring [supplies] to him.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲥⲙⲟⲩ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic verb ⲥⲙⲟⲩ is rendered 'bless' when directed at a person, as here: the cell is built so that Macarius may receive a blessing (ϭⲓ ⲥⲙⲟⲩ).","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"background","lemma":"ϯⲁⲛⲁⲃⲁⲗⲗⲟⲩⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Anabolus (ϯⲁⲛⲁⲃⲁⲗⲗⲟⲩⲥ) is a marsh or lake in the Wadi Natrun region, a known setting for early Egyptian monasticism.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"background","lemma":"ⲛⲓⲃⲁⲣⲃⲁⲣⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The mention of barbarians (ⲛⲓⲃⲁⲣⲃⲁⲣⲟⲥ) slaying soldiers reflects the historical instability of the Egyptian desert frontier, likely referring to Blemmye or other nomadic raids.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage shifts from the angelic visitation of the previous section to a narrative of Macarius's ascetic relocation, first to a cave, then to a more remote hermitage with a cell for prayer and basket-weaving.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲉⲣⲏⲥⲩⲭⲁⲍⲉⲓⲛ","severity":"info","text":"The Greek loanword ⲉⲣⲏⲥⲩⲭⲁⲍⲉⲓⲛ (hesychiazein) denotes the practice of stillness or hesychia, a core monastic discipline of solitary prayer and withdrawal.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲓⲟⲩⲁⲓ ⲙⲙⲱⲟⲩ","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase ⲡⲓⲟⲩⲁⲓ ⲙⲙⲱⲟⲩ ('one of them') is ambiguous: it may refer to one of the two caves or to one of the monks; the translation takes it as one of the caves, consistent with the preceding clause.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["ⲡⲓⲟⲩⲁⲓ ⲙⲙⲱⲟⲩ could refer to one of the two caves or to one of the monks; the context of digging a cell favors the former.","The phrase ⲉⲧⲁⲩϧⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲛⲛⲓⲙⲁⲧⲟⲓ ⲛϧⲏⲧⲟⲩ ⲛϫⲉ ⲛⲓⲃⲁⲣⲃⲁⲣⲟⲥ is syntactically dense; the translation clarifies that the soldiers were slain among the monks."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":34,"ref":"p34","source":"ⲙⲫⲏ ⲉⲧⲉϥⲉⲣ ⲭⲣⲉⲓⲁ ⲙⲙⲟϥ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲡⲓⲕⲉⲥⲩⲙⲉⲧⲁⲗⲓⲟⲛ ⲉⲡⲗⲟⲅⲟⲥ ⲛϯⲡⲣⲟⲥⲫⲟⲣⲁ ⲉⲑⲟⲩⲁⲃ. ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲛⲁⲩ ⲇⲉ ⲛϫⲉ ⲡⲁϣⲁⲓ ⲛⲛⲓⲇⲁⲓⲙⲱⲛ ⲉⲧϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲙⲁ\nⲉⲧⲉⲙⲙⲁⲩ ⲉⲑⲙⲉⲧϫⲁⲣ ϩⲏⲧ ⲙⲡⲓⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲡⲉϥϧⲙⲟⲙ ⲛϩⲏⲧ ⲉϧⲟⲩⲛ\nⲉⲫ︦ϯ︦ ⲁⲩⲉⲣ ⲙⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲛϩⲁⲛ ⲑⲏⲣⲓⲟⲛ ⲉⲩⲗⲟⲃⲓ ⲉⲩⲕⲱϯ ⲙⲉⲛ ⲙⲡⲉϥⲕⲱϯ\nⲛⲥⲉϣϫⲉⲙϫⲟⲙ ⲟⲛ ⲉϧⲱⲛⲧ ⲉϥ ϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲏⲓ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲉⲣⲥⲩⲅⲭⲱⲣⲉⲓⲛ ⲛⲱⲟⲩ ⲡⲉ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ ⲫϯ. ⲫⲁⲓ ⲁϥϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲙⲙⲟϥ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲟⲩⲛⲁⲓ ⲛⲧⲉ\nⲫ︦ϯ︦ ϫⲉ ϩⲓⲛⲁ ⲛⲛⲉϥϣⲑⲟⲣⲧⲉⲣ ⲓⲥϫⲉⲛ ϯⲁⲣⲭⲏ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲧⲉϥⲭⲁ ⲧⲟⲧϥ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ\nⲛⲭⲱⲗⲉⲙ ϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲏⲓ ⲛⲁϥϣⲟⲡ ⲁⲛ ⲡⲉ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲧⲱⲟⲩ ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲙⲁⲩ ⲛϫⲉ ⲫⲏ\nⲉⲧⲛⲁϭⲓ ⲙⲱⲓⲧ ⲛⲁϥ ϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲥⲟϭⲛⲓ ⲉϯ ⲟⲩⲃⲉ ⲛⲓⲗⲟⲅⲓⲥⲙⲟⲥ ⲉⲧϩⲱⲟⲩ ⲛⲧⲉ\nⲛⲓⲡ︦︦ⲛ︦ⲁ︦ ⲉⲧϭⲁϧⲉⲙ.\nⲉⲧⲁⲩⲥⲓⲛⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲛϫⲉ ϩⲁⲛ ⲙⲏϣ ⲛⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ ⲁⲛ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛϧⲣⲏⲓ ⲛϧⲏⲧϥ ϫⲉ ⲓⲥ\nⲡⲁⲓⲙⲱⲓⲧ ⲙⲉⲛ ⲁⲓⲓ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲟⲩⲁϩⲥⲁϩⲛⲓ ⲛⲏⲓ ⲙⲙⲟⲛ\nⲣⲱⲙⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲙⲡⲁⲓⲙⲁ ⲫⲏ ⲉⲑⲛⲁϭⲓ ⲙⲱⲓⲧ ⲛⲏⲓ ⲉϯⲉⲣⲅⲁⲥⲓⲁ ⲙⲡⲛⲁⲧⲓⲕⲟⲛ\nⲕⲁⲧⲁ ϯϫⲓ ⲛⲉⲣ ϩⲱⲃ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲛⲏ ⲉⲧϣⲟⲡ ϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲓϣⲁϥⲉⲩ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲟⲩ ϫⲉ ⲡⲉ\nⲉϯⲛⲁⲁⲓϥ. ⲫⲁⲓ ⲡⲉ ⲁⲓⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ ⲓⲥϫⲉⲛ ⲉⲓⲭⲏ ϧⲉⲛ ⲭⲏⲙⲓ ⲉⲑⲃⲉ ⲫⲏ ⲉⲑⲟⲩⲁⲃ","english":"...the one who has need of it, along with the rest of the spiritual offering to the holy liturgy. And when the multitude of demons who were in that place saw the courage of the heart of the saint and his inner fervor toward God, they became like wild beasts raging, circling around him, yet they were unable to approach him, for truly they had not been permitted to do so by God. This happened to him according to the mercy of God, so that he would not be troubled from the beginning, and so that he would not abandon the struggle, for truly there would be no one in that mountain who would take the path for him through a counsel against the evil thoughts of the spirits that are dark.\n\nAnd when not many days had passed, he said within himself, \"Behold, I have found this path according to the manner that was commanded to me, but there is no one in this place who will take the path for me to the spiritual work according to the practice of those who dwell in the deserts, and what I am to do.\" This I heard while I was in Egypt concerning the holy one.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲓⲕⲉⲥⲩⲙⲉⲧⲁⲗⲓⲟⲛ","severity":"info","text":"The Greek loanword ⲥⲩⲙⲉⲧⲁⲗⲓⲟⲛ (symmetallion) is rare in Coptic; here it likely means 'the rest of the offering' or 'the remaining portion,' referring to the Eucharistic elements.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲧⲡⲣⲟⲥⲫⲟⲣⲁ","severity":"info","text":"ⲧⲡⲣⲟⲥⲫⲟⲣⲁ (prosphora) is a Greek loanword meaning 'offering,' specifically the bread brought for the Eucharist. It underscores the liturgical context of Macarius's ascetic practice.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The demons' inability to approach Macarius because they were 'not permitted by God' reflects a common hagiographic motif: divine protection of the saint, emphasizing that spiritual combat is under God's control.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The passage shifts from external narrative (demons' attack) to internal monologue (Macarius's self-questioning), then to a first-person aside ('This I heard while I was in Egypt'), framing the story as received tradition.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲛⲓⲗⲟⲅⲓⲥⲙⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"ⲛⲓⲗⲟⲅⲓⲥⲙⲟⲥ (logismoi) is a Greek loanword for 'thoughts' or 'reasonings,' here qualified as 'evil' (ⲉⲧϩⲱⲟⲩ). In monastic literature, logismoi often denote temptations or distracting thoughts.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase 'ⲛⲓⲡⲛⲁ ⲉⲧϭⲁϧⲉⲙ' (the spirits that are dark) is ambiguous: it may refer to evil spirits or to the dark thoughts themselves. The translation 'spirits that are dark' is adopted, but the Coptic could also be read as 'the dark spirits.'","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of 'the one who has need of it' (ⲙⲫⲏ ⲉⲧⲉϥⲉⲣ ⲭⲣⲉⲓⲁ ⲙⲙⲟϥ) is unclear; it may refer to a fellow monk or to Macarius himself.","The phrase 'ⲛⲓⲡⲛⲁ ⲉⲧϭⲁϧⲉⲙ' could be interpreted as either 'the dark spirits' or 'the spirits that are dark,' with no clear distinction in Coptic."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":35,"ref":"p35","source":"ⲁⲛⲧⲱⲛⲓⲟⲥ ϩⲱⲥ ϫⲉ ⲉϥϣⲟⲡ ϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲓϣⲁϥⲉⲩ ⲉⲧⲥⲁϧⲟⲩⲛ ⲓⲥ ⲟⲩⲛⲓϣϯ ⲛⲭⲣⲟⲛⲟⲥ. ϯⲛⲁⲧⲱⲛⲧ ⲟⲩⲛ ⲛⲧⲁϣⲉ ⲛⲏⲓ ϧⲁⲣⲟϥ ϫⲉ ϩⲓⲛⲁ ⲛⲧⲉϥϯ ⲛⲟⲩⲕⲱⲧ\nⲉⲧⲟⲧ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲁⲓⲣⲏϯ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲁⲙⲉⲩⲓ ⲥⲉⲙⲛⲓ ϣⲁ ϯⲧⲁⲥⲑⲟⲓ ⲉⲡⲁⲓⲙⲁ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ\nⲉⲧⲁϥⲧⲱⲛϥ ⲁϥϣⲗⲏⲗ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲓ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲁϥϣⲉ ⲛⲁϥ ⲉⲡⲓⲧⲱⲟⲩ ⲉⲫⲙⲁ\nⲛⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲁⲛⲧⲱⲛⲓⲟⲥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲉⲣⲁⲡⲁⲛⲧⲁⲛ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ⲁ ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ϣⲟⲡϥ ⲉⲣⲟϥ\nϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲛⲓϣϯ ⲛⲣⲁϣⲓ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲟⲩⲉⲣⲟⲩⲟⲧ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲧⲁⲙⲟϥ ⲉⲡⲉϥⲙⲉⲩⲓ\nϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲡⲁⲣⲣⲏⲥⲓⲁ ϩⲱⲥ ⲉⲟⲩϣⲏⲣⲓ ⲛⲁϩⲣⲉⲛ ⲡⲉϥⲓⲱⲧ ⲁϭⲛⲉ ϩⲗⲓ ⲛⲕⲩⲃⲓⲁ\nⲧⲟⲧⲉ ⲁ ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ϯ ⲫⲓ ⲉϫⲉⲛ ⲧⲉϥⲁⲫⲉ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲡⲁϣⲏⲣⲓ\nⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲛⲑⲟⲕ ⲟⲩⲛⲁⲓⲁⲧϥ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲧⲉⲣⲙⲏⲙⲉⲓⲁ ⲙⲡⲉⲕⲣⲁⲛ ⲕⲁⲓ\nⲅⲁⲣ ⲁ ⲡⲟⲥ ⲉⲣ ϣⲟⲣⲡ ⲛⲧⲁⲙⲟⲓ ⲉⲑⲃⲏⲧⲕ ϧⲁϫⲉⲛ ϩⲁⲛ ⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ ϫⲉ ⲭⲛⲏⲟⲩ\nϣⲁⲣⲟⲓ ⲉⲑⲃⲉ ⲫⲁⲓ ⲓⲥ ⲟⲩⲥⲏⲟⲩ ϯⲥⲟⲙⲥ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ϫⲉ ϩⲓⲛⲁ ⲉⲛⲉⲛⲁⲩ ⲉⲡⲉⲕⲟⲩϫⲁⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲧⲉⲛⲉⲙⲓ ⲉⲧⲉⲕⲕⲁⲧⲁⲥⲧⲁⲥⲓⲥ. ⲧⲟⲧⲉ ⲁ ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ϯ ⲛⲟⲙϯ ⲛⲁϥ\nⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁϥⲥⲉⲗⲥⲱⲗϥ ϧⲉⲛ ϩⲁⲛ ⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲉⲩⲧⲟⲙⲓ ⲉⲡⲥⲭⲏⲙⲁ ⲛⲧⲉ ϯⲙⲉⲧⲙⲟⲛⲁⲭⲟⲥ ⲉⲁϥⲭⲱ ⲛⲁϩⲣⲁϥ ⲙⲡⲓⲣⲏϯ ⲧⲏⲣϥ ⲉⲧⲁ ⲛⲓⲇⲁⲓⲙⲱⲛ ⲉⲣⲡⲟⲗⲉⲙⲉⲓⲛ ⲛⲉⲙⲁϥ ϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲓⲗⲟⲅⲓⲥⲙⲟⲥ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩϩⲱⲡ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲟⲩⲱⲛϩ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ϣⲁ\nⲉϧⲣⲏⲓ ⲉⲫⲙⲟⲩ ϫⲉ ϩⲓⲛⲁ ⲛⲑⲟⲕ ϩⲱⲕ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲉⲕⲉϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲛϫⲱⲣⲓ ⲉϣⲱⲡ\nⲁⲩϣⲁⲛⲃⲱⲧⲥ ⲉⲣⲟⲕ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲁϥϯ ϩⲟ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ⲡⲉ ⲛϫⲉ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ϫⲉ\nϩⲓⲛⲁ ⲛⲧⲉϥⲟϩⲓ ϧⲁⲧⲟⲧϥ ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲇⲉ ⲙⲡⲉϥⲉⲣⲁⲛⲉⲭⲉⲥⲑⲁⲓ ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ⲛⲁϥϫⲱ ⲙⲙⲟⲥ ⲛⲁϥ ⲡⲉ ϫⲉ ⲡⲓⲟⲩⲁⲓ ⲡⲓⲟⲩⲁⲓ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲡⲓⲑⲱϣ ⲉⲧⲁ ⲡⲟ︦ⲥ︦ ⲑⲁϩⲙⲉϥ\nⲛϧⲏⲧϥ ⲙⲁⲣⲉϥⲟϩⲓ ⲛϧⲏⲧϥ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲉⲣ ϩⲁⲛ ⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ ⲇⲉ ⲙⲙⲁⲩ ⲛⲁϥϭⲓ ⲥⲟϭⲛⲓ ⲙⲙⲏⲛⲓ ⲁ ⲛⲉϥⲙⲉⲩⲓ ⲙⲧⲟⲛ ⲉⲧⲁⲥⲑⲟ.","english":"...the one who has need of it, along with the rest of the spiritual offering to the holy liturgy. And when the multitude of demons who were in that place saw the courage of the heart of the saint and his inner fervor toward\n\nAntonius, for he had been in the inner deserts for a long time. I will go to him and stay with him so that he may give me a rule. And in this way my thoughts will be settled until I return to this place. And when he arose, he prayed, and when he came out, he went to the mountain, to the place of Abba Antonius. And when he had met him, the old man received him with great joy and gladness. And when he had told him his thought with boldness, as a son before his father, he asked for some guidance.\n\nThen the old man laid his hand on his head and said to him, \"My son Macarius, blessed are you, for according to the interpretation of your name, indeed the Lord first informed me about you some days ago, saying, 'He will come to me.' Therefore, at this time I am waiting, so that we may see your salvation and know your condition.\" Then the old man gave him the rule and instructed him in words fitting for the monastic habit, having set before him the entire manner in which the demons had warred against him in thoughts, in secret and openly, even to the point of death, so that you also, he said, may be strong if they should attack you. And Abba Macarius was not afraid, so that he might remain with him. The old man, however, did not allow him to stay, but he would say to him, \"Each one, each one according to the measure which the Lord has assigned to him, let him remain in it.\" And after some days there, he would receive counsel continually; his thoughts were calmed until he returned.","structure":"dialogue","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲃⲃⲁ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic retains the Greek/Syriac address ⲁⲃⲃⲁ (Abba) for the monastic elder, here applied to both Antonius and Macarius, reflecting the hagiographic convention of reverential address.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ϣⲗⲏⲗ","severity":"info","text":"The verb ϣⲗⲏⲗ (pray) marks a ritual action before Macarius sets out to meet Antonius, consistent with the ascetic practice of prayer as preparation for spiritual encounter.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ","severity":"info","text":"The term ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ (the old man) is a standard Coptic hagiographic epithet for a senior monk, here referring to Abba Antonius, the archetypal desert father.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"Antonius interprets Macarius’ name as ‘blessed’ (ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ), echoing the Beatitudes (Matthew 5:3–12) and the biblical notion of blessedness as a divine gift, reinforcing the saint’s predestined holiness.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲧⲱⲛϥ ⲁϥϣⲗⲏⲗ","severity":"info","text":"The passage shifts from narrative to dialogue with the formulaic sequence ‘he arose, he prayed, he went’, a common hagiographic transition marking the beginning of a spiritual journey.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲛⲓⲇⲁⲓⲙⲱⲛ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic ⲛⲓⲇⲁⲓⲙⲱⲛ (demons) is a Greek loanword; the text describes their warfare in thoughts (ⲗⲟⲅⲓⲥⲙⲟⲥ), a standard ascetic motif, but the phrase ‘even to the point of death’ may be hyperbolic or reflect a specific demonic assault narrative.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The Coptic phrase ⲉⲧⲁϥⲉⲣ ϩⲁⲛ ⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ ⲇⲉ ⲙⲙⲁⲩ (after some days there) is ambiguous: it could mean ‘after a few days’ or ‘after some days had passed’, but the sense of a brief stay is clear from context.","The reading of ⲡⲓⲣⲏϯ ⲧⲏⲣϥ (the entire manner) is uncertain: it may refer to the full account of demonic warfare or to the complete monastic rule; the translation takes it as the former."],"confidence":"high","notes":[{"kind":"structure","severity":"info","label":"dialogue","text":"Classified as dialogue from the Coptic cues."}]},{"i":36,"ref":"p36","source":"ⲉϥⲭⲏ ⲇⲉ ⲙⲙⲁⲩ ⲛⲁϥⲉⲛⲕⲟⲧ ϧⲁⲧⲟⲧ ⲙⲙⲏⲛⲓ ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲡⲓⲉⲗⲁⲭⲓⲥⲧⲟⲥ ⲥⲁⲣⲁⲡⲁⲙⲱⲛ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲙⲉⲛⲉⲛⲥⲁ\nⲡⲓϣⲗⲏⲗ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲓⲉϫⲱⲣϩ ⲛⲉϣⲁⲛⲉⲣⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲍⲉⲓⲛ ⲛⲛⲏ ⲉⲧⲁⲩϭⲣⲟ ϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲓⲁⲅⲓⲟⲛ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲟⲛ ⲛⲁⲛⲓⲥⲧⲟⲣⲉⲓⲛ ⲙⲡⲉⲛⲃⲓⲟⲥ ⲛⲛⲉⲛⲉⲣⲏⲟⲩ. ⲉⲧⲁϥⲧⲁⲥⲑⲟ ⲇⲉ ⲉⲡⲉϥⲙⲱⲓⲧ ⲛϫⲉ ⲫⲏ ⲉⲑⲟⲩⲁⲃ ⲁϥϩⲉⲙⲥⲓ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲉϥⲙⲁ\nⲛϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲉϥⲥⲣⲱϥⲧ ⲉⲫ︦ϯ︦ ⲙⲙⲁⲩⲁⲧϥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲣⲉ ⲧⲉϥϩⲉⲗⲡⲓⲥ ⲛϧⲏⲧϥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ\nⲛⲁϥϩⲓ ⲕⲟⲧ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ⲙⲙⲏⲛⲓ ⲡⲉ ⲛϫⲉ ⲡⲓⲭⲉⲣⲟⲩⲃⲓⲙ ⲉϥⲙⲏⲛ ⲉⲧⲁ ⲫⲛⲁⲩ","english":"...the one who has need of it, along with the rest of the spiritual offering to the holy liturgy. And when the multitude of demons who were in that place saw the courage of the heart of the saint and his inner fervor, they fled in fear. And he remained there, not moving from the place of the mill, I, the least one, Apa Sarapamon, and after the prayer of the evening, we would bless those who had triumphed among the saints, and also we would recount the lives of one another. When the holy one had set out on his way, he sat in his dwelling place, alone, looking toward God, and his hope was in him, and the cherubim constantly surrounded him, according to the time.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲓⲉⲗⲁⲭⲓⲥⲧⲟⲥ ⲥⲁⲣⲁⲡⲁⲙⲱⲛ","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'the least one, Apa Sarapamon' identifies the narrator as a monastic disciple, likely the author or compiler of the Life, using a conventional humility topos.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲓⲭⲉⲣⲟⲩⲃⲓⲙ","severity":"info","text":"The singular 'cherubim' (ⲡⲓⲭⲉⲣⲟⲩⲃⲓⲙ) is a loan from Greek χερουβίμ, itself from Hebrew. In Coptic hagiography, cherubim often appear as angelic guardians, here surrounding the saint.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The passage shifts from first-person plural ('we would bless… we would recount') to third-person singular ('the holy one set out… he sat'), marking a transition from the narrator's communal frame to the saint's solitary journey.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The 'place of the mill' (ⲡⲓⲙⲏⲛⲓ) likely refers to a monastic bakery or mill, a common setting in desert asceticism where monks performed manual labor.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic phrase ⲉϥⲥⲣⲱϥⲧ ⲉⲫ︦ϯ︦ is ambiguous: it may mean 'looking toward God' (as translated) or 'stretching out toward God' in a gesture of prayer. The reading adopted follows the English draft.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase ⲉϥⲥⲣⲱϥⲧ ⲉⲫ︦ϯ︦ could denote either a physical posture (stretching out) or a mental orientation (looking toward).","The temporal sequence of the evening prayer and the blessing of saints is not fully explicit in the Coptic."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":37,"ref":"p37","source":"ⲇⲉ ⲛⲣⲟⲩϩⲓ ϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲛⲟⲩⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ ⲁϥⲓ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ϫⲉ ⲉϥⲛⲁⲙⲁϩ ⲙⲱⲟⲩ ϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲓⲥⲁ\nⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲓϩⲉⲗⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲏⲓ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲛⲉ ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϥϣⲉⲕ ϣⲱϯ ⲡⲉ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲓ ⲉϥⲙⲟϣⲓ ⲉϥⲉⲣⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲁⲛ ϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲓⲅⲣⲁⲫⲏ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲓⲥ ⲟⲩⲥⲙⲏ ⲁⲥϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϧⲉⲛ\nⲧⲫⲉ ϫⲉ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ. ⲛⲑⲟϥ ⲇⲉ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲟϩⲓ ⲉⲣⲁⲧϥ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲥⲟⲙⲥ\nⲉⲡⲁⲓⲕⲁ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲫⲁⲓ ⲙⲙⲟϥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲉ ⲙⲙⲟⲛ ϩⲗⲓ ⲙⲡⲉϥⲕⲱϯ ⲡⲉ ⲡⲁⲗⲓⲛ ⲟⲛ\nⲁϥⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ ⲉϯⲥⲙⲏ ⲙⲫⲙⲁϩ ⲅ̄ ⲛⲥⲟⲡ. ⲛⲑⲟϥ ⲇⲉ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲉⲣ ϩⲟϯ ⲁϥϩⲉⲙⲥⲓ\nⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲉϫⲉ ϯⲥⲙⲏ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲉⲫⲙⲁ ϫⲉ ⲁⲕⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ ⲛⲥⲁ ⲡⲁⲟⲩⲁϩⲥⲁϩⲛⲓ\nⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲕⲟⲩⲁϩⲕ ⲛⲥⲱⲓ ⲓⲥ ϩⲏⲡⲡⲉ ϯⲛⲁⲑⲱⲟⲩϯ ⲛⲁⲕ ⲛⲟⲩⲗⲁⲟⲥ ⲉⲡⲁⲓⲙⲁ\nⲉⲃⲟⲗϩⲉⲛ ϣⲗⲟⲗ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ ϫⲉ ϩⲓⲛⲁ ⲉⲩⲉϣⲉⲙϣⲓ ⲙⲙⲟⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ϫⲉ ϩⲓⲛⲁ ⲉⲓⲉϭⲓ\nⲱⲟⲩ ⲛϧⲏⲧⲟⲩ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡϫⲓ ⲛⲑⲣⲟⲩⲥⲙⲟⲩ ⲉⲡⲁⲣⲁⲛ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϩⲓⲧⲟⲧⲟⲩ ⲛϧⲣⲏⲓ\nϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃⲏⲟⲩⲓ ⲉⲑⲛⲁⲛⲉⲩ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲛⲟⲩⲡⲟⲗⲓⲧⲉⲓⲁ ⲉⲧⲥⲟⲧⲡ. ⲁⲛⲁⲩ ⲟⲩⲛ\nⲙⲡⲉⲣⲧⲁⲥⲑⲉ ϩⲗⲓ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲏ ⲉⲑⲛⲏⲟⲩ ϧⲁⲣⲟⲕ. ⲉⲧⲁ ⲡⲉϥϩⲏⲧ ⲇⲉ ⲓ ⲉⲣⲟϥ\nⲁϥⲧⲱⲛϥ ⲁϥϥⲉⲓ ⲉⲡⲉϥⲙⲱⲓⲧ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲧⲁⲥⲑⲟ ⲉⲡⲓⲥⲡⲏⲗⲁⲓⲟⲛ ⲁ ⲫⲣⲏ\nϩⲱⲧⲡ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ ⲁϥⲉⲛⲕⲟⲧ ⲙⲡⲓⲉϫⲱⲣϩ ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲙⲁⲩ. ⲉϥⲛⲁⲛⲉϩⲥⲓ\nⲇⲉ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ϯⲕⲁϩⲥ ⲁϥⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ ⲉⲛⲓⲇⲁⲓⲙⲱⲛ ⲉⲩⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲛⲟⲩⲉⲣⲏⲟⲩ ⲉⲩϫⲱ\nⲙⲙⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲁⲛⲛⲁⲭⲁ ⲡⲁⲓⲣⲱⲙⲓ ⲛⲧⲉϥϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲙⲡⲁⲓⲙⲁ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ","english":"...the one who has need of it, along with the rest of the spiritual offering to the holy liturgy. And when the multitude of demons who were in that place saw the courage of the heart of the saint and his inner fervor, they... then at nightfall of one day he came out because he was going to fill water in the basins of the hermitage, for indeed they were empty, and he had not yet finished his meal, and he was still walking and meditating on the scriptures. And behold, a voice came from heaven: \"Macarius, Macarius.\" He, however, stood still and bowed down to this place and that, and there was no one around him. Then again he heard the voice a third time. He, however, became afraid and sat down. And the voice said to him: \"Because you have heeded my command and followed me, behold, I will gather for you a people in this place from every tribe, so that they may serve me and so that I may receive honor among them through the taking of the offering of blessing upon my name from their hands, through their good works and their chosen way of life. See now, do not be troubled by anything from those who come to you.\" When his heart came to itself, he arose and went on his way, and when he turned toward the cave, the sun set, and after he had eaten, he slept in that same evening. As he was about to rest according to custom, he heard the demons speaking with one another, saying: \"Shall we leave this man to dwell in this place, and through him...","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲡⲓϩⲉⲗⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Greek loanword ⲡⲓϩⲉⲗⲟⲥ (from ἥλιος) here means 'hermitage' or 'monastic cell', not 'sun'. The context of water basins and a cave supports this specialized sense.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲉⲃⲟⲗϧⲉⲛ ⲧⲫⲉ","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'a voice came from heaven' echoes biblical theophany scenes (e.g., Acts 9:4, 1 Kings 19:12) and is a standard hagiographic motif for divine commissioning.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"background","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The voice's promise to gather a people 'from every tribe' reflects the multi-ethnic composition of late antique Egyptian monasticism, where Copts, Greeks, and others lived together.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The passage is a narrative unit with a clear arc: Macarius leaves for water, receives a divine call, hesitates, obeys, and then overhears demons plotting. This pattern of call–resistance–obedience is typical of hagiographic vocation scenes.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲉⲧⲁϥⲥⲟⲙⲥ ⲉⲡⲁⲓⲕⲁ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲫⲁⲓ ⲙⲙⲟϥ","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase 'bowed down to this place and that' is ambiguous: it may mean Macarius prostrated himself in multiple directions (perhaps seeking the voice's source) or performed a ritual gesture. The Coptic ⲥⲟⲙⲥ can mean 'bow' or 'worship'.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase ⲉⲧⲁϥⲥⲟⲙⲥ ⲉⲡⲁⲓⲕⲁ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲫⲁⲓ ⲙⲙⲟϥ is ambiguous: it may describe a ritual prostration or a confused search for the voice's origin.","The clause ⲉϥⲛⲁⲙⲁϩ ⲙⲱⲟⲩ ϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲓⲥⲁ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲓϩⲉⲗⲟⲥ could mean 'he was going to fill water in the basins of the hermitage' or 'he was going to fill water in the vessels of the hermitage'; the reading 'basins' is adopted based on context."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":38,"ref":"p38","source":"ⲧⲉϥⲁⲓⲧⲓⲁ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲛⲁⲓϣⲁϥⲉⲩ ϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲛⲗⲩⲙⲏⲛ ⲙⲙⲁ ⲛⲙⲟⲛⲓ ⲛⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ\nⲉⲧⲉⲣⲕⲓⲛⲇⲩⲛⲉⲩⲉⲓⲛ ⲙⲁⲗⲗⲟⲛ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲧⲟⲩϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲛⲟⲩⲡⲟⲗⲓⲥ ⲉⲥⲧⲉⲛⲑⲱⲛⲧ\nⲉⲧⲫⲉ ⲛⲛⲏ ⲉⲧⲉⲣ ϩⲉⲗⲡⲓⲥ ⲉⲡⲓⲱⲛϧ ⲛⲉⲛⲉϩ. ⲁⲛϣⲁⲛⲉⲣⲁⲛⲉⲭⲉⲥⲑⲁⲓ ⲙⲫⲁⲓ\nⲥⲉⲛⲁⲑⲱⲟⲩϯ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ⲛϫⲉ ϩⲁⲛ ⲙⲏϣ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲓϣⲁϥⲉⲩ ⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲁⲛ ϫⲉ ϧⲁ\nⲡⲉⲛⲉⲣ ϣⲓϣⲓ ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ⲙⲁⲗⲗⲟⲛ ⲥⲉⲛⲁϭⲟϫⲓ ⲛⲥⲱⲛ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ ⲑⲙⲁⲥⲧⲓⲝ\nⲛⲧⲉ ⲛⲟⲩϣⲗⲏⲗ ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ⲁⲙⲱⲓⲛⲓ ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲛϩⲓ ϩⲟϯ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ϫⲉ ⲁⲣⲏⲟⲩ ⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁϣⲛⲟϣⲡϥ. ⲉⲧⲁϥⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ ⲇⲉ ⲉⲛⲁⲓ ⲛϫⲉ ⲡⲓⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲁ ⲡⲉϥϩⲏⲧ\nⲧⲁϫⲣⲟ ⲙⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲙⲫⲁ ⲟⲩⲙⲟⲩⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲟⲛ ⲛⲁϥⲥⲙⲟⲩ ⲉⲫϯ ⲛϧⲣⲏⲓ ⲛϧⲏⲧϥ\nⲫⲏ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲥⲟⲩⲱⲛ ⲛⲛⲉϥⲙⲁϣϫ ϫⲉ ϣⲁⲧⲉϥⲉⲙⲓ ⲉⲑⲙⲉⲧⲁⲧϫⲟⲙ ⲛⲛⲓⲇⲁⲓⲙⲱⲛ ⲉⲧϭⲁϧⲉⲙ. ⲉⲧⲁϥϣⲗⲏⲗ ⲟⲩⲛ ⲛϫⲉ ⲡⲓⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲓⲥ ϯⲑⲱⲟⲩⲧⲥ ⲧⲏⲣⲥ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲛⲓⲇⲁⲓⲙⲱⲛ ⲁⲥⲓ\nⲥⲁ ⲡϣⲱⲓ ⲙⲡⲓⲥⲡⲏⲗⲁⲓⲟⲛ ϩⲓϫⲉⲛ ϯⲡⲉⲧⲣⲁ ⲉⲁⲩⲉⲣ ⲙⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲛⲟⲩⲙⲏϣ\nⲛϩⲑⲟ ϩⲱⲥ ⲉⲩⲟⲃⲧⲥ ϧⲉⲛ ϩⲁⲛ ⲡⲟⲗⲉⲙⲟⲥ ⲟⲩⲃⲉ ⲛⲟⲩⲉⲣⲏⲟⲩ. ϩⲁⲛ ⲕⲉⲭⲱⲟⲩⲛⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲁⲩⲓ ϧⲁⲧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲣⲟ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲁⲩⲑⲁⲙⲓⲟ ⲛϩⲁⲛ ϭⲗⲟⲓ ⲛⲭⲣⲱⲙ ⲉⲩⲥⲓϯ\nⲙⲙⲟⲟⲩ ⲉϧⲟⲩⲛ ⲉⲡⲓⲥⲡⲏⲗⲁⲓⲟⲛ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲥⲁⲧⲟⲧⲟⲩ ⲛⲉϣⲁⲩⲃⲱⲗ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ. ⲡⲓⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲇⲉ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲛⲁϥⲉⲣⲯⲁⲗⲗⲉⲓⲛ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲥⲉⲙⲛⲓ ⲉϥϫⲱ ⲙⲙⲟⲥ ϫⲉ\nⲡⲟ︦ⲥ︦ ⲡⲉ ⲡⲁⲟⲩⲱⲓⲛⲓ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲡⲁⲛⲟϩⲉⲙ ⲁⲓⲛⲁⲉⲣ ϩⲟϯ ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ϧⲁ ⲧϩⲏ ⲛⲛⲓⲙ\nⲡⲟ︦ⲥ︦ ⲡⲉ ⲉⲧϯ ⲉϩⲣⲏⲓ ⲉϫⲉⲛ ⲡⲁⲟⲩϫⲁⲓ ⲁⲓⲛⲁⲉⲣ ϫⲁⲃⲓ ⲛϩⲏⲧ ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ϧⲁ ⲧϩⲏ\nⲛⲛⲓⲙ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲛⲏ ⲉⲑⲛⲏⲟⲩ ⲙⲉⲛⲉⲛⲥⲁ ⲛⲁⲓ. ⲉⲧⲁ ⲧⲟⲟⲩⲓ ⲇⲉ ϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲁϥⲓ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ\nⲟⲩⲟϩ ϩⲏⲡⲡⲉ ⲛⲉ ⲙⲙⲟⲛ ϩⲗⲓ ⲡⲉ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁϥϣⲉ ⲉϧⲟⲩⲛ ⲛⲁϥϩⲉⲙⲥⲓ ⲡⲉ\nⲉⲧⲉϥⲉⲣⲅⲁⲥⲓⲁ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲧⲉϥϩⲕⲁⲥ.","english":"...the one who has need of it, along with the rest of the spiritual offering to the holy liturgy. And when the multitude of demons who were in that place saw the courage of the heart of the saint and his inner fervor, they said among themselves, \"This one is not like the others; he is a man of great strength. Let us therefore prepare a great battle against him, for if we do not overcome him now, he will become a refuge for many, a place of rest for all who are in danger, and even a city fortified to the heavens for those who hope for eternal life. If we do not contend with this one, many will gather to him, and the demons will not be able to prevail against him because of his great strength, but rather they will be driven away by the whip of his prayer. But come, let us be afraid of him, for perhaps we will not be able to withstand him.\" When the holy Macarius heard these things, his heart was strengthened like that of a lion, and he blessed God within himself, who had made known to him the weakness of the demons who were troubling him. After the saint had prayed, the whole multitude of demons came out to the top of the cave upon the rock, and they were like a multitude of horses arrayed for battle against one another. Some others came to the mouth of the cave and began to fashion chariots of fire, hurling them into the cave, and immediately they would dissolve. But the holy Macarius began to sing psalms in a calm manner, saying, \"O Lord, you are my light and my help; I am not afraid for the sake of anyone. O Lord, you who provide for my salvation, I am not faint of heart for the sake of anyone, nor for those who come after these things.\" When morning came, he went out, and behold, there was nothing there. And he entered and sat down to his work according to his custom.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲥⲙⲟⲩ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic verb ⲥⲙⲟⲩ can mean either 'bless' or 'praise'. Here, with ⲉⲫϯ (God) as object, the sense is 'praise', as the saint acknowledges God's revelation.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ϣⲗⲏⲗ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic verb ϣⲗⲏⲗ is rendered 'pray' per the pinned glossary. In this passage it describes Macarius's prayer that precedes the demonic assault.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲟⲥ ⲡⲉ ⲡⲁⲟⲩⲱⲓⲛⲓ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲡⲁⲛⲟϩⲉⲙ","severity":"info","text":"Macarius's psalm-like invocation echoes Psalm 27:1 (LXX: 'The Lord is my light and my help'), a common scriptural refrain in Coptic hagiography.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲓⲥⲡⲏⲗⲁⲓⲟⲛ","severity":"info","text":"The cave (ⲡⲓⲥⲡⲏⲗⲁⲓⲟⲛ) is a standard setting in desert ascetic literature, representing the hermit's dwelling and a locus of demonic temptation.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage forms a narrative climax: the demons' council, Macarius's prayer, and the demonic assault are followed by a peaceful resolution at dawn, reinforcing the saint's victory.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The motif of demons fleeing before a saint's prayer is widespread in Coptic hagiography, serving to edify readers and affirm the power of ascetic discipline.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The Coptic phrase ⲛⲁϥⲥⲙⲟⲩ ⲉⲫϯ could be read as 'he blessed God' or 'he praised God'; the glossary rule (God → praise) is followed.","The phrase ⲛⲁⲩⲑⲁⲙⲓⲟ ⲛϩⲁⲛ ϭⲗⲟⲓ ⲛⲭⲣⲱⲙ is ambiguous: 'they began to fashion chariots of fire' or 'they made fiery chariots'; the sense of illusion is retained."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":39,"ref":"p39","source":"ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲁϥⲟⲓ ⲟⲛ ϫⲉ ⲡⲉ ⲙⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲛⲉ ⲙⲙⲏⲛⲓ\nⲉⲑⲃⲉ ϫⲉ ⲁ ⲡⲟ︦ⲥ︦ ⲧⲏⲓϥ ⲉⲑⲣⲟⲩⲉⲣⲡⲉⲓⲣⲁⲍⲉⲓⲛ ⲙⲙⲟϥ ϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ ⲛⲓⲗⲟⲅⲓⲥⲙⲟⲥ\nⲧⲉⲱⲥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲁⲓⲣⲏϯ ⲛⲁⲣⲉ ⲛⲓⲇⲉⲙⲱⲛ ⲥⲁⲧ ⲙⲉⲩⲓ ⲉϥϩⲱⲟⲩ ⲉϧⲟⲩⲛ ⲉⲡⲉϥϩⲏⲧ\nⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲙⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲣⲁⲡⲉⲍⲁ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲉⲥⲙⲉϩ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϧⲉⲛ ⲉⲓⲇⲟⲥ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ ⲛϫⲓ\nⲛⲟⲩⲱⲙ ⲁⲩⲉⲣ ϩⲏⲧⲥ ⲉⲣⲟⲓ ⲙⲡⲁⲓⲣⲏϯ ⲛϫⲉ ⲛⲓⲙⲉⲩⲓ ϯⲡⲟⲣⲛⲉⲓⲁ ⲛⲉⲙ\nϯⲙⲉⲧⲗⲁ ϧⲏⲧϥ ϯⲙⲉⲧϣⲗⲁϩ ⲛϩⲏⲧ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲡⲓⲙⲕⲁϩ ⲛϩⲏⲧ ϯⲙⲉⲧϭⲁⲥⲓ ϩⲏⲧ\nⲛⲉⲙ ⲡⲓⲱⲟⲩ ⲛϣⲟⲩⲓⲧ ϯϩⲟϯ ⲛⲉⲙ ϯⲗⲩⲡⲏ ϯⲙⲉⲧϣⲟⲩϣⲟ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲡⲓⲑⲙⲁⲓⲟ\nϯⲙⲉⲧⲁⲧⲛⲁϩϯ ⲛⲉⲙ ϯⲙⲉⲧⲣⲉϥϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲁ ⲛⲉⲙ ϯⲙⲉⲧⲁⲧϩⲉⲗⲡⲓⲥ ⲉϧⲟⲩⲛ ⲉⲫϯ\nⲑⲁⲓ ⲉⲧⲥⲱⲗⲡ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲙⲙⲱⲓⲧ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ ⲛⲧⲉ ϯⲙⲉⲧⲉⲩⲥⲉⲃⲏⲥ. ⲁⲡⲁⲝ ⲁⲡⲗⲱⲥ\nⲡⲓⲕⲁⲧⲁⲗⲟⲅⲟⲥ ⲧⲏⲣϥ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲧⲡⲣⲁⲅⲙⲁⲧⲉⲓⲁ ⲛⲛⲓⲇⲁⲓⲙⲱⲛ ϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲓⲗⲟⲅⲓⲥⲙⲟⲥ ⲁⲩϯ ⲛⲉⲙⲁϥ ⲛϧⲏⲧⲟⲩ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲧⲁⲙⲉ ⲡⲁⲓⲱⲧ ⲁⲡⲁ ⲁⲛⲧⲱⲛⲓⲟⲥ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲁⲓ ⲛⲁⲣⲉ ⲡⲟⲥ ϣⲟⲡ ⲛⲉⲙⲁϥ ⲡⲉ ⲛⲃⲟⲏⲑⲟⲥ ϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ\nⲧⲉϥⲡⲣⲟⲛⲟⲓⲁ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲧⲉϥⲡⲣⲟϩⲁⲓⲣⲉⲥⲓⲥ ⲉⲧⲥⲟⲩⲧⲱⲛ ⲉϧⲟⲩⲛ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ⲁϥⲓ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ\nⲉϥϭⲣⲏⲟⲩⲧ. ⲉⲧⲁ ⲟⲩⲥⲏⲟⲩ ⲇⲉ ⲥⲓⲛⲓ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲟⲩⲕⲁⲓⲣⲟⲥ ⲉⲩϯ ⲛⲉⲙⲁϥ ϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲁⲓ\nⲧⲟⲧⲉ ⲁϥⲧⲱⲛϥ ⲁϥⲓ ϣⲁ ⲫⲏ ⲉⲑⲟⲩⲁⲃ ⲁⲛⲧⲱⲛⲓⲟⲥ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲛⲁⲩ ⲉⲣⲟϥ\nϩⲓ ⲫⲟⲩⲉⲓ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲁⲛ ⲁⲛⲟⲛ ϧⲁ ⲛⲉϥⲙⲁⲑⲏⲧⲏⲥ ϫⲉ ⲓⲥ ϩⲏⲡⲡⲉ ⲓⲥ ⲟⲩⲓⲥⲣⲁⲏⲗⲓⲧⲏⲥ ⲛⲧⲁ ⲫⲙⲏⲓ ⲙⲙⲟⲛ ϩⲗⲓ ⲛⲇⲟⲗⲟⲥ ⲛϧⲏⲧϥ ⲫⲁⲓ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲓ\nⲛⲟⲩⲗⲁϧⲉⲙ ⲉϥϣⲏⲟⲩ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉϥⲥⲟⲩⲧⲱⲛ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲕⲁⲣⲡⲟⲥ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲛⲉϥⲟⲩⲧⲁϩ\nϥⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲉϥϩⲟⲗϫ ϧⲉⲛ ⲣⲱϥ ⲙⲡⲟ︦ⲥ︦ ⲉⲓⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲉⲛⲉϥϣⲏⲣⲓ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲛⲓϣⲏⲣⲓ ⲛⲧⲉ\nⲛⲉϥϣⲏⲣⲓ ⲛⲁⲓ ⲉⲑⲛⲁϭⲓ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲉϥⲥⲃⲱⲟⲩⲓ ⲉⲑⲟⲩⲁⲃ.","english":"And again it was as if the signs were constant, because the Lord sent him to be tempted by the thoughts. Thus the demons would cast evil thoughts into his heart. And like a table, he said, filled with all kinds of dishes of food, so the thoughts of fornication, laziness, sloth, grief, pride, vainglory, fear, sorrow, despair, arrogance, faithlessness, slander, and hopelessness toward God—which cuts off all the paths of piety—were set before me. Once and for all, the entire catalog of the demons' activity in the thoughts was given to him, just as our father Apa Antony had taught. And in these, the Lord was with him as a helper through his providence and his righteous will toward him, and he came forth victorious. When a time and an occasion came for him in these, then he arose and came to the holy Antony. And when he saw him from afar, he said to us, his disciples, \"Behold, here is an Israelite in whom there is no deceit; for he will become a fruitful vine, fruitful and straight, and the fruit of his labors will be sweet in the mouth of the Lord, speaking to his children and the children of his children, who will receive from his holy teachings.","structure":"dialogue","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲕⲁⲣⲡⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"Greek καρπός; in homiletic allegory the fruit is a virtue or a work, and the note should say so rather than leaving 'fruit' literal.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲡⲁ","severity":"info","text":"A title of a monastic father. Left as 'Apa' because it is a form of address, and 'father' would collide with the biological sense in the same sentence.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"external","lemma":"ⲡⲓⲕⲁⲧⲁⲗⲟⲅⲟⲥ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲧⲡⲣⲁⲅⲙⲁⲧⲉⲓⲁ ⲛⲛⲓⲇⲁⲓⲙⲱⲛ","severity":"info","text":"The 'catalog of the demons' activity' echoes the systematic demonology in Evagrian and early monastic literature, where logismoi are classified as temptations.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"parallel","kind":"parallel","basis":"external","lemma":"ⲁⲡⲁ ⲁⲛⲧⲱⲛⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The reference to Apa Antony as teacher of demonic catalogues parallels the Life of Antony (Athanasius), where Antony instructs disciples on discerning demonic thoughts.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁⲡⲁⲝ ⲁⲡⲗⲱⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'once and for all' marks a structural pivot, summarizing the demonic catalog before moving to Macarius's victory and visit to Antony.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"external","lemma":"ⲓⲥⲣⲁⲏⲗⲓⲧⲏⲥ","severity":"info","text":"Antony's designation of Macarius as 'an Israelite' (i.e., a true spiritual heir) is a typological motif in Coptic hagiography, linking the desert fathers to Old Testament patriarchs.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The Coptic 'ⲛⲁϥⲟⲓ ⲟⲛ ϫⲉ ⲡⲉ ⲙⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲛⲉ ⲙⲙⲏⲛⲓ' is ambiguous: 'the signs were constant' or 'it was as if the signs were constant'; the reading taken follows the English draft.","The phrase 'ⲛⲓⲗⲟⲅⲓⲥⲙⲟⲥ' could refer to 'thoughts' or 'reasonings'; here it is taken as 'thoughts' in the demonic sense."],"confidence":"high","notes":[{"kind":"structure","severity":"info","label":"dialogue","text":"Classified as dialogue from the Coptic cues."},{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲙⲁⲑⲏⲧⲏⲥ","text":"ⲙⲁⲑⲏⲧⲏⲥ → “disciple”. Standard rendering; first occurrence is noted here, the term recurs below."},{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲕⲁⲣⲡⲟⲥ","text":"ⲕⲁⲣⲡⲟⲥ → “fruit”. Greek καρπός; in homiletic allegory the fruit is a virtue or a work, and the note should say so rather than leaving 'fruit' literal."},{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲁⲡⲁ","text":"ⲁⲡⲁ → “Apa”. A title of a monastic father. Left as 'Apa' because it is a form of address, and 'father' would collide with the biological sense in the same sentence."}]},{"i":40,"ref":"p40","source":"ⲉⲧⲁϥⲉⲣⲁⲡⲁⲛⲧⲁⲛ ⲟⲩⲛ ⲉⲡⲓⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲁⲛⲧⲱⲛⲓⲟⲥ ⲛϫⲉ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲁϥϩⲓⲧϥ ⲉϫⲉⲛ\nⲡⲉϥϩⲟ ⲁϥⲟⲩⲱϣⲧ ⲛⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲁⲛⲧⲱⲛⲓⲟⲥ ϩⲓϫⲉⲛ ⲡⲕⲁϩⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲧⲟⲩⲛⲟⲥϥ\nⲁϥⲉⲣⲁⲥⲡⲁⲍⲉⲥⲑⲁⲓ ⲙⲙⲟϥ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁ ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲛⲁⲩ ⲉⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ\nⲉϥⲟⲕⲉⲙ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲥⲙⲟⲧ ⲛⲁⲥⲑⲉⲛⲏⲥ ⲉⲑⲃⲉ ⲛⲓϫⲓ ⲛϯ ⲟⲩⲟⲓ ⲛⲛⲓⲇⲁⲓⲙⲱⲛ\nⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲁϥ ⲛϫⲉ ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲉϥⲣⲁϣⲓ ϫⲉ ⲟⲩ ⲡⲉ ⲉⲧϣⲟⲡ ⲙⲙⲟⲕ ⲡⲁϣⲏⲣⲓ\nⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ. ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲁ ⲫϯ ⲕⲏⲛ ⲉⲉⲣ ϣⲟⲣⲡ\nⲛⲧⲁⲙⲟⲕ ⲡⲁⲓⲱⲧ ⲉⲫⲏ ⲉⲧϣⲟⲡ ⲙⲙⲟⲓ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁϥϯ ⲛⲟⲙϯ ⲛⲁϥ ϧⲉⲛ ϩⲁⲛ","english":"Then Apa Antony met the holy Apa Macarius. He cast himself down on his face and worshipped Apa Antony on the ground, and when he had risen, he greeted him. And when the old man saw Apa Macarius, that he was thin and weak in appearance because of the blows and the afflictions of the demons, the old man said to him, rejoicing, \"What is it that has happened to you, my son Macarius?\" Apa Macarius said to him, \"God has been pleased to inform you first, my father, of what has happened to me.\" And he gave him an account in some","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲟⲩⲱϣⲧ","severity":"info","text":"The verb ⲟⲩⲱϣⲧ denotes prostration in worship, a gesture of reverence distinct from ⲟⲩⲱϣ 'to wish'. Here Macarius prostrates before Antony, a standard act of deference in monastic hagiography.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲃⲃⲁ","severity":"info","text":"The title ⲁⲃⲃⲁ (Abba) is retained from the Coptic, reflecting the Greek/Syriac honorific for monastic elders. It is used for both Antony and Macarius, marking their spiritual authority.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"external","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The meeting between Macarius and Antony is a topos in Coptic hagiography, establishing Macarius as Antony's spiritual heir. Antony's joy and Macarius's prostration reinforce the master-disciple relationship.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage transitions from a catalogue of demonic temptations (previous passage) to a narrative encounter with Antony. The shift from internal struggle to external guidance is a common hagiographic pattern.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic phrase ⲉⲧⲁϥⲉⲣⲁⲡⲁⲛⲧⲁⲛ ⲟⲩⲛ is ambiguous: it may mean 'then he met' or 'then he was met'. The translation takes it as Macarius meeting Antony, but the subject could be reversed.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The subject of ⲉⲧⲁϥⲉⲣⲁⲡⲁⲛⲧⲁⲛ is unclear: Macarius meets Antony or Antony meets Macarius. The translation opts for Macarius as the subject, but the Coptic allows either.","The phrase ⲛⲓϫⲓ ⲛϯ ⲟⲩⲟⲓ ⲛⲛⲓⲇⲁⲓⲙⲱⲛ is obscure; it likely refers to 'blows and afflictions of the demons', but the exact sense of ⲛϯ ⲟⲩⲟⲓ is uncertain."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲟⲩⲱϣⲧ","text":"ⲟⲩⲱϣⲧ → “worship”. ⲟⲩⲱϣⲧ is to bow or prostrate in worship, distinct from ⲟⲩⲱϣ 'to wish'. The gesture matters in martyrdom scenes before an official."},{"kind":"homonym","severity":"caution","term":"ⲟⲩⲱϣⲧ","text":"ⲟⲩⲱϣⲧ carries more than one sense (bow down, prostrate); this passage takes it as “worship”. The choice is the translator's, not a lexical given."}]},{"i":41,"ref":"p41","source":"ⲙⲏϣ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ϭⲣⲟ ⲙⲙⲟⲕ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ϫⲉⲙ ⲛⲟⲙϯ ⲡⲁⲓⲣⲏϯ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲁϥϯ\nⲙⲁϯ ⲛϫⲉ ⲫϯ ϫⲉ ϩⲓⲡⲁ ⲉϥⲉϭⲟⲛⲧⲕ ϧⲉⲛ ϩⲱⲃ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ ⲛⲉⲛⲁⲛⲧⲓⲟⲛ ϩⲟⲡⲱⲥ\nⲡⲕⲉ ⲛⲑⲟⲕ ϩⲱⲕ ⲛⲧⲉⲕⲉⲣⲃⲟⲏⲑⲉⲓⲛ ⲉϩⲁⲛ ⲕⲉⲭⲱⲟⲩⲛⲓ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡϫⲓ ⲛⲑⲣⲉⲕϯ\nⲛⲟⲙϯ ⲛⲱⲟⲩ ⲁⲩⲑⲁϩⲙⲉⲕ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲛⲓⲱⲧ ⲛⲟⲩⲙⲏϣ ⲛϣⲗⲟⲗ ⲛⲁⲓ ⲉⲑⲛⲁⲙⲉⲛⲣⲉ ϯⲫⲓⲗⲟⲥⲟⲫⲓⲁ ⲙⲙⲏⲓ ⲛⲧⲉ ϯⲙⲉⲧⲙⲟⲛⲁⲭⲟⲥ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲧⲁⲙⲟⲕ ⲉⲫⲁⲓ ϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ ⲧⲥⲙⲏ ⲙⲡⲟ︦ⲥ︦ ⲑⲁⲓ ⲉⲧⲁⲥϣⲱⲡⲓ ϩⲁⲣⲟⲕ ⲉⲕⲛⲁϣⲉ ⲛⲁⲕ\nⲉⲙⲁϩ ⲙⲱⲟⲩ. ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲇⲉ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ ⲉⲛⲁⲓ ⲉⲧⲓ ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϥⲧⲁⲙⲟϥ ⲉϩⲗⲓ ϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲉϥⲙⲉⲩⲓ ⲁϥⲉⲣ ϣⲫⲏⲣⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲁϥϫⲱ ⲙⲙⲟⲥ ⲛϧⲣⲏⲓ\nⲛϧⲏⲧϥ ϫⲉ ⲡⲓϩⲱⲃ ⲉⲣ ⲭⲣⲉⲓⲁ ⲁⲛ ϫⲉ ⲉⲑⲣⲓϫⲉ ϩⲗⲓ ⲙⲡⲓⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲕⲁⲓ ⲅⲁⲣ\nϩⲏⲇⲏ ⲉϥⲉⲙⲓ ⲉϩⲱⲃ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲡ︦ⲛ︦ⲁ︦ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲉⲣ ϩⲁⲛ ⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ ϧⲁⲧⲟⲧϥ ϣⲁⲧⲉϥϭⲓ ⲙⲡⲉϥⲥⲙⲟⲩ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲡⲉϥⲥⲟϭⲛⲓ ⲉⲟⲩⲥⲟⲡ ⲛⲉϥⲉⲣⲁⲓⲧⲉⲓⲛ\nⲙⲙⲟϥ ⲡⲉ ⲉⲑⲣⲉϥϯ ⲛⲁϥ ⲙⲡⲓⲥⲭⲏⲙⲁ ⲛⲉⲁϥϫⲟⲥ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲡⲉ ⲛⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲙⲩⲥⲧⲏⲣⲓⲟⲛ ϫⲉ ⲙⲡⲉⲣϯ ϧⲓⲥⲓ ⲛⲁⲕ ⲁⲛ ϫⲉ ⲉⲓ ⲉⲡⲁⲓⲙⲁ ϫⲉ\nⲟⲩⲏⲓ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉ ⲱⲥⲕ ϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ϯⲛⲁϣⲉ ⲛⲏⲓ ϩⲁ ⲡⲟ︦ⲥ︦. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁϥϯ\nϩⲟ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲙⲉⲧϩⲟⲩⲟ ⲁϥϯ ⲙⲡⲓⲥⲭⲏⲙⲁ ⲉϫⲱϥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ϧⲉⲛ ⲫⲁⲓ ⲁⲩⲙⲟⲩϯ","english":"He said to him, \"Be strong, and find strength. For in this way God has given grace that you may be strong in all things, the good things, so that you also may help other monks in the taking of the habit, that you may give them strength.\" For you have been troubled, father, by a multitude of monks, those who love the philosophy with me of the monastic life, according to the manner that they taught you this by the voice of the Lord, which happened for you when you went to fill water. But Apa Macarius, when he heard these things, still not having known anything in his thoughts, he marveled and said within himself, \"This thing is not necessary, that I should hide anything from the holy one, for already he knows all things in the spirit.\" And he had done some evil things before him until he received his blessing and his counsel at one time. He was showing himself to him that he might give him the habit. For Apa Macarius had said in a mystery, \"Do not give yourself labor that you come to this place, for truly the time has not yet come for me to go to the Lord.\" And when he had given face in humility, he gave the habit upon him, and in this they called.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲥⲙⲟⲩ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic verb ⲥⲙⲟⲩ is rendered 'bless' per the pinned glossary; here it refers to the blessing Macarius seeks from Antony.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲓⲥⲭⲏⲙⲁ","severity":"info","text":"ⲡⲓⲥⲭⲏⲙⲁ (from Greek σχῆμα) denotes the monastic habit or schema, a key element in the ritual of becoming a monk.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲙⲩⲥⲧⲏⲣⲓⲟⲛ","severity":"info","text":"ⲙⲩⲥⲧⲏⲣⲓⲟⲛ (from Greek μυστήριον) here means a secret or private utterance, not a sacrament; Macarius speaks 'in a mystery' to Antony.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ϯ ⲙⲡⲓⲥⲭⲏⲙⲁ","severity":"info","text":"The giving of the monastic habit (ϯ ⲙⲡⲓⲥⲭⲏⲙⲁ) was a formal act of investiture, often performed by an elder abba, marking full entry into the monastic life.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁⲩⲙⲟⲩϯ","severity":"caution","text":"The final clause ⲁⲩⲙⲟⲩϯ ('they called') is incomplete; the Coptic likely continues into the next passage, and the English draft's 'and in this they called' reflects a truncated sense.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲇⲉ","severity":"info","text":"The shift from Antony's speech to Macarius's internal reaction (ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲇⲉ) marks a narrative pivot, highlighting Macarius's humility and wonder.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase ⲉⲧⲁϥⲉⲣ ϩⲁⲛ ⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ ('he had done some evil things') is ambiguous: it may refer to past sins confessed to Antony or to Macarius's self-deprecating humility; the reading taken follows the English draft as a confession of faults.","The final clause ⲁⲩⲙⲟⲩϯ ('they called') lacks an object; the context suggests they called Macarius a monk or gave him a name, but the text breaks off."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":42,"ref":"p42","source":"ⲉⲣⲟϥ ϫⲉ ⲡⲓⲙⲁⲑⲏⲧⲏⲥ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲁⲛⲧⲱⲛⲓⲟⲥ. ⲛⲑⲟϥ ⲇⲉ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ\nⲛⲁϥϯ ϩⲟ ⲉⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲁⲛⲧⲱⲛⲓⲟⲥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲁϥϯ ⲙⲉⲧⲁⲛⲟⲓⲁ ⲛⲁϥ ϧⲉⲛ ϩⲁⲛ ⲉⲣⲙⲱⲟⲩⲓ ⲉⲑⲣⲉϥⲭⲁϥ ϧⲁⲧⲟⲧϥ ϣⲁⲧⲉϥϭⲓ ⲙⲡⲓⲥⲙⲟⲩ ⲛϧⲁⲉ ⲛⲑⲟϥ ⲇⲉ ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉϥⲟⲩⲱϣ ⲉϯ ⲙⲕⲁϩ ⲛⲁϥ ⲁϥⲭⲁϥ ϧⲁⲧⲟⲧϥ ⲉⲓⲧⲁ ⲁϥϯ ⲙⲉⲧⲁⲛⲟⲓⲁ ⲛⲁϥ\nⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲉⲧⲓ ⲕⲉⲕⲟⲩϫⲓ ⲡⲟ︦ⲥ︦ ⲛⲁϯ ⲙⲧⲟⲛ ⲛⲁⲕ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϩⲁ\nⲡϩⲟⲩⲟ ⲙⲫⲃⲁⲣⲟⲥ ⲛⲛⲓⲗⲟⲅⲓⲥⲙⲟⲥ ⲉⲧϩⲱⲟⲩ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲙⲉⲛⲉⲛⲥⲁ ⲛⲁⲓ ⲡⲁⲗⲓⲛ\nⲥⲉⲛⲁⲃⲱⲧⲥ ⲉⲣⲟⲕ ϧⲉⲛ ⲫⲏ ⲉⲑⲟⲩⲟⲛϩ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲙⲡⲁⲣⲏϯ ϩⲱ ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ϭⲣⲟ\nⲙⲙⲟⲕ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ϫⲉⲙ ⲛⲟⲙϯ ⲡⲟ︦ⲥ︦ ϣⲟⲡ ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲕ ⲙⲡⲃⲟⲏⲑⲟⲥ ⲙⲡⲉⲣⲉⲣ ϩⲟϯ\nⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲛⲁⲩ ⲉϯϫⲟⲙ ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲙⲁⲩ ⲁⲓⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲉⲡⲓⲭⲉⲣⲟⲩⲃⲓⲙ ⲙⲡⲉⲣϯ ϩⲗⲓ\nⲛϭⲣⲟⲡ ⲛⲁϥ ϧⲉⲛ ϩⲗⲓ ⲛϩⲱⲃ ϫⲉ ϩⲓⲛⲁ ⲉϥⲉⲙⲟⲩⲛ ⲉⲣⲟⲕ ϣⲁ ⲡⲓϫⲱⲕ ⲉⲟⲩⲡⲁⲣⲁⲙⲩⲑⲓⲁ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲟⲩⲁϩⲥⲁϩⲛⲓ ⲛⲁⲕ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ ⲡⲟⲥ ⲛⲉⲙⲁϥ\nⲉⲟⲩⲥⲟⲡ. ⲛⲁⲓ ⲟⲩⲛ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲥⲟⲑⲙⲟⲩ ⲛϫⲉ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲡⲁⲗⲓⲛ ⲟⲛ\nⲛⲁϥⲧⲟⲙⲧ ⲡⲉ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲙⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ϫⲉ ϯϯ ϩⲟ ⲉⲣⲟⲕ ⲡⲁⲓⲱⲧ ⲉⲑⲟⲩⲁⲃ\nϫⲉ ϩⲓⲛⲁ ⲛⲧⲁⲟϩⲓ ϧⲁⲧⲟⲧⲕ ϣⲁϯϭⲓ ⲙⲡⲉⲕⲥⲙⲟⲩ ⲁⲕϣⲁⲛⲭⲁ ⲥⲱⲙⲁ ⲉϧⲣⲏⲓ.\nⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲡⲥⲏⲟⲩ ⲁⲛ ⲡⲉ ⲡⲁϣⲏⲣⲓ ⲟⲩⲇⲉ ⲙⲡⲟⲩⲑⲱϣ ⲉⲡⲁⲓ","english":"to him, \"The disciple of Abba Antonius. He himself, Abba Macarius, gave himself to Abba Antonius and gave repentance to him in the caves, that he might place himself under him until he received the blessing at the end. But he, not wishing to give him trouble, placed him under him. Then he gave repentance to him, and the old man said to him, 'Still a little, my lord, I will give you rest from the majority of the evil thoughts. And after these, again they will be cleansed for you in the one that appears like the sun. But be strong and find strength, my lord, for the helper is with you. Do not fear, and see that power there. I spoke to the Cherubim. Do not give any reproach to him in any matter, so that he may remain with you until the completion of a consolation according to the manner that was commanded to you by the Lord with him at once.' These then, when Abba Macarius heard them, again he was troubled and said to the old man, 'I give myself to you, my holy father, so that I may stand under you until I receive your blessing, if you lay down the body.' The old man said to him, 'The time is not, my son, nor is this ordained.'","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲥⲱⲙⲁ","severity":"info","text":"In ascetic literature ⲥⲱⲙⲁ is the body as the site of struggle; here it refers to the physical body that Macarius hopes the old man will lay down (i.e., die) so that he may receive a final blessing.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲃⲃⲁ","severity":"info","text":"The Greek/Syriac address 'Abba' is retained in the Coptic for both Antony and Macarius, marking their authority as monastic fathers.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"background","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The 'caves' (ϧⲉⲛ ϩⲁⲛ ⲉⲣⲙⲱⲟⲩⲓ) reflect the desert ascetic practice of retreating to natural shelters for solitude and spiritual struggle, a common setting in early Egyptian monasticism.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage is a narrative unit that continues the dialogue from the previous passage, with the old man (Antony) giving Macarius a prophecy of purification and consolation, followed by Macarius's renewed plea to remain as a disciple.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲁⲣⲏϯ","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic ⲡⲁⲣⲏϯ (rendered 'like the sun') is ambiguous: it may refer to a vision or a state of spiritual clarity. The English draft interprets it as a simile for purification, but the Coptic could also imply a specific celestial or angelic figure.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"background","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The motif of a disciple seeking a blessing before the master's death (ⲥⲱⲙⲁ) is a hagiographic topos, emphasizing the transfer of spiritual authority; it appears in other Coptic lives of desert fathers.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲟⲛϩ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲙⲡⲁⲣⲏϯ ('the one that appears like the sun') could refer to a vision of Christ, an angel, or a symbolic state of purity; the text does not specify.","The old man's statement 'The time is not, my son, nor is this ordained' leaves unclear whether Macarius's request is refused because of his unreadiness or because the old man's death is not imminent."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲥⲱⲙⲁ","text":"ⲥⲱⲙⲁ → “body”. In martyrdom accounts ⲥⲱⲙⲁ after death is the corpse; in ascetic literature it is the body as the site of struggle."},{"kind":"homonym","severity":"caution","term":"ⲥⲱⲙⲁ","text":"ⲥⲱⲙⲁ carries more than one sense (corpse); this passage takes it as “body”. The choice is the translator's, not a lexical given."}]},{"i":43,"ref":"p43","source":"ϩⲱⲃ ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲉⲧⲁⲓⲉⲣ ϣⲟⲣⲡ ⲛϫⲟⲥ ⲛⲁⲕ ⲫⲏ ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲑⲁϩⲉⲙ\nⲫⲟⲩⲁⲓ ⲫⲟⲩⲁⲓ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ⲙⲁⲣⲉϥϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲉϥⲟϩⲓ ⲛϧⲣⲏⲓ ⲛϧⲏⲧϥ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁ ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ϯ ⲛⲁϥ ⲛⲟⲩϣⲃⲱⲧ ⲉⲁϥⲱⲥⲕ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁϥⲉⲣⲁⲥⲡⲁⲍⲉⲥⲑⲁⲓ ⲙⲙⲟϥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ\nⲁϥϣⲗⲏⲗ ⲉϫⲱϥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁϥϫⲱⲕ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲙⲡⲉϥⲇⲣⲟⲙⲟⲥ ⲛϫⲉ ⲡⲉⲛⲓⲱⲧ\nⲉⲑⲟⲩⲁⲃ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲁⲛⲧⲱⲛⲓⲟⲥ ⲁⲛⲟⲩϫⲱⲗ ⲙⲡⲉϥⲥⲱⲙⲁ ⲉⲑⲟⲩⲁⲃ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁϥⲧⲁⲥⲑⲟ ⲉⲡⲉϥⲙⲁ ⲛϣⲱⲡⲓ ϩⲓ ⲡϣⲁϥⲉ ⲛϫⲉ ⲡⲉⲛⲓⲱⲧ ⲉⲑⲟⲩⲁⲃ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲁϥϩⲉⲙⲥⲓ ⲡⲉ ⲉϥⲥⲣⲱϥⲧ ⲉⲛⲉϥϣⲉⲙϣⲓ ⲉϥϯ ⲱⲟⲩ ⲙⲡⲉⲛⲟⲥ\nⲓ︦ⲏ︦ⲥ︦ ⲡⲭ︦ⲥ︦.\nⲙⲉⲛⲉⲛⲥⲁ ⲛⲁⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲁⲩⲉⲣ ϩⲏⲧⲥ ⲛⲑⲱⲟⲩϯ ϩⲁⲣⲟϥ ⲛϫⲉ ϩⲁⲛ ⲙⲏϣ ⲟⲩⲟⲛ\nⲛⲥⲁ ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲉⲩⲉⲣⲁⲓⲧⲉⲓⲛ ⲙⲙⲟϥ ϫⲉ ϩⲓⲛⲁ ⲉϥⲉⲁⲓⲧⲟⲩ ⲙⲙⲟⲛⲁⲭⲟⲥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ\nⲛⲧⲟⲩϣⲱⲡⲓ ϧⲁⲧⲟⲧϥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲧⲉϥϯ ⲥⲃⲱ ⲛⲱⲟⲩ ⲉⲡⲓⲙⲱⲓⲧ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲟ︦ⲥ︦ ⲟⲩⲟϩ\nⲛⲁϥϣⲱⲡ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ⲛⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ ⲉⲑⲛⲏⲟⲩ ϩⲁⲣⲟϥ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲉⲧⲁⲩϩⲟⲛϩⲉⲛ ⲛⲁϥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲁϥϭⲓ ⲙⲱⲓⲧ ⲛⲱⲟⲩ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲡⲉ ⲡⲓⲟⲩⲁⲓ ⲡⲓⲟⲩⲁⲓ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ\nⲡⲉϥⲧⲣⲟⲡⲟⲥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲁϥⲭⲱ ⲙⲙⲱⲟⲩ ϧⲁⲧⲟⲧϥ ⲡⲉ ϣⲁⲧⲉϥⲧⲥⲁⲃⲱⲟⲩ ⲉⲡϩⲱⲃ ⲙⲫ︦ϯ︦ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲡⲓⲕⲱⲧ ⲛⲛⲓⲣⲱⲙⲓ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲡⲓϩⲱⲃ ⲛϫⲓϫ. ⲡⲁⲓⲣⲏϯ ⲛⲁϥⲑⲣⲟ","english":"But rather, as I first told you, the one who was appointed, each one individually, let him remain steadfast within it. And the old man gave him a garment, having woven it, and he embraced him, and prayed over him. And when our holy father Abba Antonius had completed his course, he laid down his holy body. And our holy father Abba Macarius returned to his dwelling place in the desert, and he was sitting, rejoicing in his services, giving glory to our Lord Jesus Christ.\n\nAfter these things, many people began to gather around him, one after another, asking him to make them monks, so that they might be under his authority and he might teach them the way of the Lord. And he became for all who came to him, as it had been foretold to him, and he guided them all, each one according to his character, and he kept them under his authority until he taught them the work of God, the building of men, and the work of the hand. In this manner he","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲥⲱⲙⲁ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic ⲥⲱⲙⲁ (body) here refers to the corpse of Abba Antonius after his death, consistent with its use in martyrdom accounts for the holy remains.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ϣⲗⲏⲗ","severity":"info","text":"The verb ϣⲗⲏⲗ (pray) is used here with the preposition ⲉϫⲱϥ (over him), indicating a prayer of blessing or protection over the garment given to Macarius.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"external","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The phrase ⲡⲓⲕⲱⲧ ⲛⲛⲓⲣⲱⲙⲓ (the building of men) likely refers to the spiritual formation of disciples, a common metaphor in monastic literature for shaping the soul.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage marks a transition from Macarius's formation under Antonius to his own role as a teacher, with the phrase ⲙⲉⲛⲉⲛⲥⲁ ⲛⲁⲓ (after these things) introducing a new narrative phase.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic phrase ⲁⲛⲟⲩϫⲱⲗ ⲙⲡⲉϥⲥⲱⲙⲁ (he laid down his holy body) is ambiguous: it could mean Antonius died naturally or that he was buried; the text does not specify the manner of death.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase ⲁⲛⲟⲩϫⲱⲗ ⲙⲡⲉϥⲥⲱⲙⲁ is ambiguous as to whether it describes death or burial; the reading taken is that Antonius died and his body was laid to rest.","The clause ⲛⲁϥⲑⲣⲟ is incomplete in the Coptic, breaking off mid-sentence; the English draft supplies 'In this manner he' but the original text may be corrupt or lacunose."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":44,"ref":"p44","source":"ⲙⲙⲱⲟⲩ ⲡⲉ ⲉⲑⲁⲙⲓⲟ ⲛϩⲁⲛ ⲥⲡⲏⲗⲁⲓⲟⲛ ϧⲉⲛ ϯⲡⲉⲧⲣⲁ ⲛⲧⲟⲩϩⲟⲡⲥⲟⲩ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛⲓ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲛⲓⲃⲁⲓ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲛⲓⲕⲁϣ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲓϩⲉⲗⲟⲥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ\nⲛⲧⲟⲩϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲛϧⲏⲧⲟⲩ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ϩⲁⲛ ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲓⲥⲛⲏⲟⲩ ⲁϥⲭⲁⲩ\nϧⲁⲧⲟⲧϥ ϩⲱⲥ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲟⲩⲧⲁⲝⲓⲥ ⲙⲙⲉⲧⲙⲁⲑⲏⲧⲏⲥ. ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲥⲏⲟⲩ ⲇⲉ ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲙⲁⲩ ⲁⲩⲓ ϩⲁⲣⲟϥ ⲛϫⲉ ⲁⲗⲟⲩ ⲃ︦ ⲛϧⲉⲗϣⲓⲣⲓ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲓⲥⲁ ⲛⲧⲉ ϯⲣⲱⲙⲁⲛⲓⲁ ⲉⲩⲟⲩⲱϣ ⲉϣⲱⲡⲓ ϩⲓ ⲡϣⲁϥⲉ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲁⲓ ⲕⲉⲭⲱⲟⲩⲛⲓ ⲁϥϣⲟⲡⲟⲩ ⲉⲣⲟϥ\nⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁϥⲥⲉⲙⲛⲏⲧⲟⲩ. ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉ ⲱⲥⲕ ⲇⲉ ϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲁ ⲡⲟ︦ⲥ︦ ϫⲉⲙ ⲡⲟⲩϣⲓⲛⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ\nⲁⲩⲙⲧⲟⲛ ⲙⲙⲱⲟⲩ ⲁ ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲉⲣ ⲙⲉⲑⲣⲉ ϧⲁⲣⲱⲟⲩ ϫⲉ ⲁ ⲡⲟⲩϩⲱⲃ ⲣ\nⲁⲛⲁϥ ⲙⲡⲟⲥ ⲛⲧⲁⲓϧⲉ ⲧⲏⲣⲥ. ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲙⲧⲟⲛ ⲙⲙⲱⲟⲩ ⲛϫⲉ ⲛⲓⲁⲗⲱⲟⲩⲓ ⲛⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ\nⲉⲧⲉⲙⲙⲁⲩ ⲁⲩⲑⲟⲙⲥⲟⲩ ϧⲁⲧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲥⲡⲏⲗⲁⲓⲟⲛ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁ ϩⲁⲛ ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲛⲧⲉ\nⲛⲓⲙⲟⲛⲁⲭⲟⲥ ϣⲱⲡ ϧⲉⲛ ϯϣⲁⲓⲣⲓ ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲙⲁⲩ ϧⲁⲧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲥⲡⲏⲗⲁⲓⲟⲛ ⲛⲧⲉ\nⲛⲓⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲁⲩⲙⲟⲩϯ ⲉⲡⲓⲙⲁ ⲧⲏⲣϥ ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲙⲁⲩ ϫⲉ ⲑⲣⲁⲟⲩⲏ ⲛⲛⲓⲣⲱⲙⲁⲓⲟⲥ\nϣⲁ ⲉϧⲟⲩⲛ ⲉⲡⲁⲓⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ.\nⲉⲧⲁϥⲛⲁⲩ ⲇⲉ ⲛϫⲉ ⲡⲓⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲉⲡⲉⲣⲟⲩⲟⲧ ⲛⲛⲓⲙⲏϣ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲧⲟⲩⲁⲅⲁⲡⲏ ⲉϧⲟⲩⲛ ⲉⲫ︦ϯ︦ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲉϧⲟⲩⲛ ⲉⲣⲏⲟⲩ ⲧⲟⲧⲉ ⲁϥⲑⲟⲩⲱⲧⲟⲩ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ⲉⲟⲩⲥⲟⲡ ⲛϫⲉ ⲡⲓⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁⲩϯ ⲧⲟⲧⲟⲩ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ","english":"It was not possible for them to make caves in the rock and to hide themselves from the wild beasts and the animals and the reeds of the marsh, and\nto dwell in them. And some of the brothers he placed\nunder his authority as according to the order of discipleship. At that time, however, there came to him two young men from the regions of Rome, wishing to dwell in the desert, and these also he received\nand established them. Not yet, however, had it happened that the Lord found their rest,\nand they were buried. The old man bore witness concerning them that their work was\npleasing to the Lord in this entire manner. When those holy young men were buried,\nthey were placed near the cave, and when some of the monks were dwelling in that same place near the cave of the saints, they called the entire place there \"the Troad of the Romans\"\nuntil this day.\nWhen the holy Macarius saw the multitude of the people and their love towards God and towards one another, then the holy Abba Macarius bowed down to them once, and they all gave their hands.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"sense","kind":"sense","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲑⲣⲁⲟⲩⲏ ⲛⲛⲓⲣⲱⲙⲁⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The place-name 'Troad of the Romans' likely refers to a region in the desert named after the Troad (Troas) in Asia Minor, here associated with Roman monks.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The term ⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ (holy) is used adjectivally for the young men and for Macarius, consistent with its fixed rendering as 'holy'.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"external","lemma":"ⲑⲣⲁⲟⲩⲏ","severity":"info","text":"The toponym 'Troad' (Troas) is a historical region in northwestern Asia Minor; its application here to a desert location reflects the movement of Roman monks into Egyptian monasticism.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage shifts from narrative of cave-dwelling and discipleship to a concluding scene where Macarius bows to the gathered people, marking a transition in the hagiography.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"external","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The naming of a place after Roman monks indicates the integration of foreign ascetics into the Coptic monastic tradition, a theme in later hagiographical reception.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase ⲁⲩⲙⲧⲟⲛ ⲙⲙⲱⲟⲩ (they were buried) is ambiguous: it could mean 'they were laid to rest' or 'they were placed' (in a tomb). The reading 'buried' is adopted.","The identity of 'the old man' (ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ) is ambiguous; context suggests it is Macarius, but the previous passage mentions Antonius, so it may refer to either."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":45,"ref":"p45","source":"ⲁⲩⲕⲱⲧ ⲛⲱⲟⲩ ⲛⲟⲩⲕⲟⲩϫⲓ ⲛⲉⲕⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ. ⲡⲓⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲇⲉ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲁ\nⲡⲉϥⲣⲁⲛ ⲉⲣ ϩⲏⲧⲥ ⲛⲉⲣ ⲥⲱⲓⲧ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲫⲟϩ ϣⲁ ⲛⲓⲁⲩⲗⲏⲟⲩ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲛⲓⲟⲩⲣⲱⲟⲩ\nⲉⲑⲃⲉ ⲡⲁϣⲁⲓ ⲛⲛⲓⲡⲟⲗⲓⲧⲉⲓⲁ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲛⲓⲧⲁⲗϭⲟ ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉ ⲡⲟⲥ ⲉⲣⲉⲛⲉⲣⲅⲉⲓⲛ\nⲙⲙⲱⲟⲩ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϩⲓⲧⲟⲧϥ ⲉⲟⲩⲱⲟⲩ ⲛⲁϥ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲩⲛⲁⲩ ⲛϫⲉ ⲛⲓⲇⲁⲓⲙⲱⲛ\nⲉⲡⲁⲓⲫⲓⲣⲓ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲙⲡⲁⲓⲥⲙⲟⲧ ⲛⲧⲉ ϯⲙⲉⲧⲉⲩⲥⲉⲃⲏⲥ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲡⲁϣⲁⲓ ⲛⲛⲓⲯⲩⲭⲏ\nⲉⲧⲁϥⲉⲣⲃⲟⲏⲑⲉⲓⲛ ⲉⲣⲱⲟⲩ ⲛϫⲉ ⲡⲓⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲙⲁⲗⲗⲟⲛ ⲇⲉ ⲉϥⲓⲛⲓ ⲙⲙⲱⲟⲩ\nⲛⲇⲱⲣⲟⲛ ⲉϩⲟⲩⲛ ⲙⲫ︦ϯ︦ ⲉⲑⲣⲟⲩϣⲉⲙϣⲓ ⲙⲙⲟϥ ⲁⲩⲙⲃⲟⲛ ⲉⲙⲁϣⲱ ⲟⲩⲟϩ\nⲁⲩⲓ ⲉϩⲣⲏⲓ ⲉϫⲱϥ ⲙⲫⲛⲁⲩ ⲙⲙⲉⲣⲓ ⲉϥϩⲉⲙⲥⲓ ⲙⲙⲁⲩⲁⲧϥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲕⲱϯ\nⲉⲣⲟϥ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲙⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲛϩⲁⲛ ⲟⲩϩⲱⲣ ⲁⲩⲥⲁⲧϥ ϩⲓϫⲉⲛ ⲡⲉϥϩⲟ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲁⲩⲥⲱⲗⲡ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲛⲥⲁ ⲛⲉϥⲥⲁⲣⲝ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲙⲉⲧⲁⲧϯ ⲁⲥⲟ ϩⲱⲥⲧⲉ ⲛⲥⲉⲉⲣ ⲡⲉϥⲥⲱⲙⲁ\nⲧⲏⲣϥ ⲙⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲛϩⲁⲛ ⲗⲉⲗⲉⲭⲏⲙⲓ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲱⲥⲕ ⲉϥϣⲧⲏⲟⲩⲧ ⲛⲉ\nⲙⲙⲟⲛ ⲫⲏ ⲉⲑⲛⲁϯ ⲧⲟⲧϥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲉϥⲅ̄ ⲙⲟⲅⲓⲥ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩϧⲓⲥⲓ ⲁϥⲓ ⲉϯⲉⲕⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ. ⲉⲧⲁϥⲟⲩϫⲁⲓ ⲇⲉ ϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲁⲓ ϩⲏⲡⲡⲉ ⲓⲥ ⲡⲓⲭⲉⲣⲟⲩⲃⲓⲙ ⲁϥⲟⲩⲟⲛϩϥ\nⲉⲣⲟϥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲓⲥ ⲡⲁⲓⲙⲁ ⲙⲉⲛ ⲁ ⲡⲟⲥ ϫⲟⲣϫϥ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϩⲓⲧⲟⲧⲕ\nⲧⲱⲛⲕ ϯⲛⲟⲩ ⲟⲩⲁϩⲕ ⲛⲥⲱⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ϯⲛⲁⲧⲁⲙⲟⲕ ⲉⲡⲓⲙⲱⲓⲧ ⲉⲧⲉⲕⲛⲁϫⲱⲕ","english":"They built for themselves a small church. The holy Abba Macarius, however, his name was at the head of them, leading and guiding as far as the courtyards of the rivers, because of the multitude of the practices and the healings which the Lord was working through him, bringing glory to him. And the demons saw this marvel, this form of piety, and the multitude of souls to whom the holy one was bringing help, and even more, he was bringing them as gifts to God, that they might serve him. They were greatly troubled, and they came down upon him at the time of evening, while he was sitting alone, and they surrounded him entirely, like wild beasts, and they spat upon his face, and they tore at his flesh with great violence, so that they made his whole body like a sieve. And when he had become exhausted and weary, there was no one to give him a hand, and he barely, with difficulty, came to the church. When he had recovered from these things, behold, the Cherubim appeared to him and said to him, \"This place, the Lord has prepared it through you. Now, follow me, and I will show you the path which you will walk.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲉⲕⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic ⲉⲕⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ here refers to a physical church building, as the brothers built it for themselves. The same word later in the passage denotes the building Macarius enters after the demonic attack.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲥⲱⲙⲁ","severity":"info","text":"ⲥⲱⲙⲁ (body) appears in the description of Macarius’s body being torn like a sieve, emphasizing the ascetic struggle and demonic assault on the physical body as the site of spiritual combat.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲃⲃⲁ","severity":"info","text":"The title ⲁⲃⲃⲁ (Abba) is retained in the Coptic as a reverential address for Macarius, consistent with its use in monastic literature to denote a spiritual father.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲭⲉⲣⲟⲩⲃⲓⲙ","severity":"info","text":"The appearance of the Cherubim (ⲭⲉⲣⲟⲩⲃⲓⲙ) echoes Old Testament theophanies (e.g., Ezekiel 1) and angelic guidance narratives, reinforcing Macarius’s divine favor and visionary experience.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"background","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The description of demons attacking Macarius by spitting and tearing his flesh reflects a common hagiographical topos of demonic persecution testing the ascetic’s endurance, paralleled in lives of Antony and other desert fathers.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage transitions from communal building (the small church) to individual trial (demonic attack) and concludes with a divine revelation (Cherubim), forming a three-part narrative arc typical of hagiographic episodes.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase ⲉⲫⲟϩ ϣⲁ ⲛⲓⲁⲩⲗⲏⲟⲩ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲛⲓⲟⲩⲣⲱⲟⲩ is ambiguous: it may mean 'guiding as far as the courtyards of the rivers' (literal) or metaphorically 'leading to the riverbanks' as a place of retreat. The reading taken follows the English draft's 'leading and guiding as far as the courtyards of the rivers'.","The phrase ⲁⲩⲥⲁⲧϥ ϩⲓϫⲉⲛ ⲡⲉϥϩⲟ could mean 'they spat upon his face' or 'they spat in his face'; the English draft takes the former."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":46,"ref":"p46","source":"ⲉⲃⲟⲗⲛϧⲏⲧϥ ϣⲁ ⲧⲉⲕϧⲁⲏ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲥⲱⲕ ϧⲁϫⲱϥ ⲁϥⲉⲛϥ ⲉϫⲉⲛ ϫⲱⲥ\nⲛϯⲡⲉⲧⲣⲁ ⲉⲧⲥⲁ ⲣⲏⲥ ⲙⲡⲓϩⲉⲗⲟⲥ ⲥⲁ ⲡⲉⲙⲉⲛⲧ ⲙⲡⲓϣⲏⲓ ⲥⲁ ⲡϣⲱⲓ ⲛϯϧⲉⲗⲗⲟⲧ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲁⲣⲓ ϩⲏⲧⲥ ⲛⲑⲁⲙⲓⲟ ⲛⲁⲕ ⲛⲟⲩⲙⲁ ⲛϣⲱⲡⲓ\nⲙⲡⲁⲓⲙⲁ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲕⲱⲧ ⲛⲟⲩⲉⲕⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ ϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲏⲓ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲟⲩⲗⲁⲟⲥ ⲉϥⲱϣ\nⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲙⲡⲁⲓⲙⲁ ⲙⲉⲛⲉⲛⲥⲁ ⲟⲩⲥⲏⲟⲩ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲁⲓⲣⲏϯ ⲁϥϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲙⲙⲁⲩ\nϣⲁ ⲡⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ ⲙⲡⲉϥⲙⲟⲩ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲙⲉⲛⲉⲛⲥⲁ ⲡⲉϥⲙⲟⲩ ⲁⲩⲙⲟⲩϯ ⲉⲡⲓⲙⲁ\nⲉⲧⲉⲙⲙⲁⲩ ϫⲉ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲁϥϫⲱⲕ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲛϧⲏⲧϥ. ⲡⲓⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲇⲉ\nⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲉⲧⲁϥϣⲱⲡⲓ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲙⲁ ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲙⲁⲩ ⲛϩⲁⲛ ⲙⲏϣ ⲛⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ ⲛⲁⲩϯ ϧⲓⲥⲓ ⲛⲁϥ ⲉⲙⲁϣⲱ ⲡⲉ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲉⲧϩⲏⲡ ⲛⲉⲙ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲉⲧⲟⲩⲟⲛϩ\nⲉⲃⲟⲗϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ ⲛⲓⲇⲁⲓⲙⲱⲛ.\nⲁⲙⲉⲗⲉⲓ ⲁϥⲣⲁⲟⲩⲱ ⲛⲟⲩⲥⲟⲡ ⲉⲁϥϣⲱⲕⲓ ⲛⲟⲩϣⲱϯ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲛⲓⲥⲛⲏⲟⲩ ϫⲉ\nⲁⲩⲛⲁⲥⲉ ⲙⲱⲟⲩ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲛϧⲏⲧⲥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁ ⲫⲛⲁⲩ ⲙⲙⲉⲣⲓ ϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲁⲩⲭⲁⲩ\nⲉⲃⲟⲗ ϫⲉ ⲁⲩⲛⲁϭⲓ ⲙⲧⲟⲛ ⲛⲟⲩⲕⲟⲩϫⲓ ⲁϥⲥⲱϫⲡ ⲇⲉ ⲙⲙⲁⲩⲁⲧϥ ⲛⲧⲉϥⲓⲁϥ\nⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϥϣⲉ ⲉϧⲟⲩⲛ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲓ ⲉϫⲱϥ ⲛϫⲉ ⲛⲓⲇⲁⲓⲙⲱⲛ ⲛⲁⲩⲥⲁⲧϥ\nⲉⲡⲓϣⲓⲕ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲩⲉⲣ ϩⲏⲧⲥ ⲛϣⲱⲣ ⲛⲥⲁ ϯϣⲱϯ ϣⲁⲧⲉⲥⲫⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲉϥϧⲉⲗⲡⲓ.","english":"...out from within him to the end. And he drew it over himself, he brought it upon the top of the rock which is to the south of the sun, to the north of the pool, to the height of the old woman, and he said to him, \"Take heed, build for yourself a dwelling place in this place, and build a church, for there is a house, there is a people who will come to dwell in this place after a time.\" And thus it happened there until the day of his death, and after his death they called that place Abba Macarius, because he fulfilled it from within him. The holy Abba Macarius, however, dwelt in that place for many days, and they gave him great labor in secret and in public by the demons.\n\nHe neglected, he rejoiced once when he had woven a mat with the brothers, for they had saved themselves from it, and when the time of evening came, they left them because they had taken a little rest. But he hid himself alone, his hand out, before he went in, and the demons came upon him, they burned him with a firebrand, and they began to tear the mat until its fringe reached his throat.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"sense","kind":"sense","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁϥⲥⲱⲕ ϧⲁϫⲱϥ ⲁϥⲉⲛϥ ⲉϫⲉⲛ ϫⲱⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The subject of the initial verbs is ambiguous: the previous passage ends with demons, but the Coptic likely continues the action of the holy man drawing something (perhaps a garment or a covering) over himself and bringing it onto the rock.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲗⲁⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"Greek loanword λαός, here rendered 'people' in the sense of a congregation or laity, distinct from clergy, consistent with the liturgical context of building a church.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲃⲃⲁ","severity":"info","text":"The Greek/Syriac address 'Abba' is retained in the Coptic, used as a title for Macarius and later as a place name, reflecting its honorific and toponymic function.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲓϩⲉⲗⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The term 'helos' (ϩⲉⲗⲟⲥ) is a Greek loanword (ἥλιος) meaning 'sun', used here in a topographical description: 'to the south of the sun' likely indicates a southern orientation relative to the sun's path.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The place is named 'Abba Macarius' after the saint's death, indicating the hagiographic tradition of toponymic commemoration, a common feature in Coptic monastic literature.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁⲩⲛⲁⲥⲉ ⲙⲱⲟⲩ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲛϧⲏⲧⲥ","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase 'they saved themselves from it' is obscure; the antecedent of 'it' (the mat or the situation) is unclear, and the Coptic may be corrupt or elliptical here.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The subject of the opening verbs (ⲁϥⲥⲱⲕ, ⲁϥⲉⲛϥ) is not explicit; the reading assumes the holy man, but the previous passage ends with demons.","The phrase ⲁⲩⲛⲁⲥⲉ ⲙⲱⲟⲩ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲛϧⲏⲧⲥ is ambiguous: 'they saved themselves from it' could refer to the mat or the labor, and the Coptic may be corrupt.","The topographical terms (ϩⲉⲗⲟⲥ, ϣⲏⲓ, ϧⲉⲗⲗⲟⲧ) are obscure and may be symbolic or local."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":47,"ref":"p47","source":"ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲛϫⲉ ⲛⲓⲥⲛⲏⲟⲩ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲛⲁⲩ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ⲁⲛ ⲛⲁⲩϫⲱ ⲙⲙⲟⲥ\nⲛⲛⲟⲩⲉⲣⲏⲟⲩ ϫⲉ ⲟⲩ ⲡⲉ ⲉⲧⲁϥϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲙⲡⲉⲛⲓⲱⲧ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲓ ⲇⲉ ϧⲁⲧⲟⲧϥ\nⲡⲉϫⲱⲟⲩ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲟⲩ ⲡⲉ ⲫⲁⲓ ⲉⲧⲁϥϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲙⲙⲟⲕ. ⲛⲑⲟϥ ⲇⲉ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲛⲉϩⲧ\nⲣⲱϥ ⲛⲥⲱⲃⲓ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲱⲟⲩ ϫⲉ ⲙⲁ ⲧⲟⲧ ⲑⲏⲛⲟⲩ ⲁⲛⲓⲧ ⲉⲡϣⲱⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲁⲓⲣⲏϯ\nⲁⲩⲉⲛϥ ⲉⲡϣⲱⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁⲩϣⲉⲕ ϯϣⲱϯ ⲁⲩⲥⲉ ⲙⲱⲟⲩ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲙⲙⲟⲥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ\nⲁⲩϯ ⲣⲉⲛ ⲫⲣⲁⲛ ⲛϯϣⲱϯ ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲙⲁⲩ ϫⲉ ϯϣⲱϯ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ\nϣⲁ ⲉϧⲟⲩⲛ ⲉⲫⲟⲟⲩ ϫⲉ ⲁⲩⲥⲁⲧϥ ⲉϧⲣⲏⲓ ⲉⲣⲟⲥ ⲕⲁⲓ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲁϥϣⲉⲕ ϩⲁⲛ ⲙⲏϣ\nⲛϣⲱϯ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲛⲓⲥⲛⲏⲟⲩ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲙⲡⲟⲩⲙⲟⲩϯ ⲉⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲛϧⲏⲧⲟⲩ ϫⲉ ⲑⲁ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ\nⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲉⲃⲏⲗ ⲉⲑⲁⲓ ⲕⲁⲓ ⲙⲏⲛ ⲙⲉⲛⲉⲛⲥⲁ ⲡⲉϥⲙⲟⲩ ⲁ ϩⲁⲛ ⲙⲏϣ\nⲛⲧⲁⲗϭⲟ ϣⲱⲡⲓ ϧⲉⲛ ϯϣⲱϯ ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲙⲁⲩ.\nⲡⲓⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲇⲉ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲛⲁⲩⲓⲛⲓ ⲛⲁϥ ⲡⲉ ⲛϩⲁⲛ ⲙⲏϣ ⲛϣⲱⲛⲓ ϧⲉⲛ ϩⲁⲛ\nⲙⲏϣ ⲙⲙⲁ ϣⲁ ⲉϧⲟⲩⲛ ⲉⲛⲓⲕⲉⲭⲱⲣⲁ ⲉⲧϩⲓ ⲫⲟⲩⲉ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲁϥⲉⲣ ⲫⲁϧⲣⲓ\nⲉⲣⲱⲟⲩ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲙⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲥⲭⲉⲇⲟⲛ ⲛⲟⲩⲁⲓ ϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲓⲁⲡⲟⲥⲧⲟⲗⲟⲥ ⲕⲁⲓ ⲅⲁⲣ\nⲛⲉ ⲁϥⲉⲣ ϣⲟⲣⲡ ⲡⲉ ⲛⲉⲣ ⲙⲉⲑⲣⲉ ϧⲁⲣⲟϥ ⲛϫⲉ ⲡⲓⲛⲓϣϯ ⲁⲛⲧⲱⲛⲓⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲁⲩϯ\nⲛⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲙⲡⲓϩⲙⲟⲧ ⲛⲛⲓⲧⲁⲗϭⲟ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ ⲫϯ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲁⲕϫⲓⲙⲓ\nⲙⲡⲕⲱϯ ⲙⲡⲉϥⲙⲁ ⲛϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲛⲛⲁⲩ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ ⲉϥⲙⲉϩ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲏ ⲉⲧϣⲱⲛⲓ","english":"When the brothers came out and saw him, they said to one another, \"What has happened to our father?\" And when they came to him, they said to him, \"What is this that has happened to you?\" But he, having closed his mouth in silence, said to them, \"Take hold of me, bring me up.\" And in this manner they brought him up, and when they had dug the well, they drew water from it, and they gave a name to that well, calling it \"The Well of Abba Macarius,\" until this day, because he had dug it down into it. For indeed, he had dug many wells with the brothers, and none of them were named after anyone except this one. And even after his death, many healings took place in that well.\n\nThe holy Macarius used to bring many healings to many places, even to the other regions that are in the desert, and he would perform the healing for all of them, almost like one of the apostles. For indeed, the great Antony was the first to bear witness for him, saying that the gift of healings was given to Abba Macarius by God. And one can find the place of his dwelling at all times, filled with those who are sick.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"sense","kind":"sense","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The brothers find Macarius silent and ask what happened; he only asks to be carried up, leading to the naming of a well after him.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲃⲃⲁ","severity":"info","text":"The Greek/Syriac address 'Abba' is retained in the Coptic as a title of respect for Macarius.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"background","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The well named after Macarius becomes a site of healing miracles, a common hagiographic motif linking holy places to posthumous cures.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"parallel","kind":"parallel","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"Macarius' healing ministry is compared to that of the apostles, and the great Antony is cited as the first witness to his gift of healings from God.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The passage shifts from a narrative of the well's naming to a summary of Macarius' healing activity, concluding with a reference to Antony's testimony.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase 'ⲉⲧⲁϥϣⲉⲕ ϩⲁⲛ ⲙⲏϣ ⲛϣⲱϯ' could mean 'he had dug many wells' or 'he had dug many pits'; the context favors wells."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":48,"ref":"p48","source":"ⲛⲉⲙ ⲛⲏ ⲉⲧⲟⲓ ⲛϣⲉ ⲛⲇⲁⲓⲙⲱⲛ ⲛⲁϥⲧⲁⲗϭⲟ ⲙⲙⲱⲟⲩ ⲡⲉ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡϫⲓ\nⲛⲑⲣⲉϥⲉⲣⲥⲫⲣⲁⲅⲓⲍⲉⲓⲛ ⲙⲙⲱⲟⲩ ϧⲉⲛ ⲫⲣⲁⲛ ⲙⲡⲉⲛⲟ︦ⲥ︦ ⲓ︦ⲏ︦ⲥ︦ ⲡⲭ︦ⲥ︦ ⲛⲓⲕⲁⲕ\nⲥϩⲉⲧ ⲛⲁϥⲧⲟⲩⲃⲟ ⲙⲙⲱⲟⲩ ⲡⲉ ⲛⲏ ⲉⲧϣⲏⲗ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲛⲁϥⲉⲣ ⲫⲁϧⲣⲓ ⲉⲣⲱⲟⲩ\nⲡⲉ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲛⲣⲱϥ ⲙⲁⲗⲗⲟⲛ ⲇⲉ ϧⲉⲛ ⲧϫⲟⲙ ⲙⲫ︦ϯ︦ ⲛⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲣⲡ\nⲙⲙⲱⲟⲩ ⲉⲩⲧⲟⲩϫⲏⲟⲩⲧ ⲡⲓⲟⲩⲁⲓ ⲡⲓⲟⲩⲁⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲉⲡⲉϥⲙⲱⲓⲧ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲓⲣⲉϥⲙⲱⲟⲩⲧ\nⲛⲁϥⲧⲟⲩⲛⲟⲥ ⲙⲙⲱⲟⲩ ⲁⲡⲁⲝ ⲁⲡⲗⲱⲥ ⲛⲉ ⲙⲙⲟⲛ ϩⲗⲓ ⲟⲓ ⲛⲁⲧϫⲟⲙ ⲛⲁϩⲣⲁϥ\nⲁⲛ ⲡⲉ ⲉⲑⲃⲉ ⲡⲉϥⲛⲓϣϯ ⲛⲑⲉⲃⲓⲟ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲡⲉϥⲙⲉⲓ ⲛⲁⲧⲱϣⲉⲙ ⲉϧⲟⲩⲛ ⲉⲫϯ\nⲙⲁⲗⲗⲟⲛ ⲡⲓⲡⲛ︦ⲁ︦ ⲉⲑⲟⲩⲁⲃ ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉⲛⲉⲣⲅⲉⲓⲛ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲉⲡⲧⲏⲣϥ ⲉⲧϣⲟⲡ ⲛϧⲏⲧϥ.\nⲁⲙⲉⲗⲉⲓ ⲁⲩⲓⲛⲓ ⲛⲁϥ ⲛⲟⲩⲥⲟⲡ ⲛⲟⲩⲉⲃⲟ ⲛⲕⲟⲩⲣ ⲛⲥⲙⲟⲧ ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲁⲗⲟⲥ (sic) ⲉϥϯ\nⲉⲣϧⲟϯ ⲉⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ ⲉⲑⲛⲁϭⲟϩ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲩⲁⲙⲟⲛⲓ ⲙⲙⲟϥ ⲉⲩⲉⲣ ⲇ̄\nⲙⲟⲅⲓⲥ ⲁⲩⲉⲛϥ ϩⲁ ⲡⲓⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲉⲛϥ ϩⲁ ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲛⲓⲣⲱⲙⲓ ϫⲉ ⲭⲁϥ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲭⲁϥ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲥⲁⲧⲟⲧϥ ⲁϥⲥⲱⲕ ⲉϫⲱϥ ⲁϥⲥⲱⲗⲡ ⲛϯϩⲁⲗⲏⲥⲓⲥ ⲉⲧϩⲓ ⲡⲉϥⲙⲟⲩⲧ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲛⲉϥϫⲓϫ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁϥⲉⲣ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϧⲉⲛ\nⲡⲓⲧⲱⲟⲩ ⲉϥⲉϣ ϧⲣⲱⲟⲩ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲙⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲛⲟⲩϭⲁⲙⲟⲩⲗ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲛⲓⲣⲱⲙⲓ\nⲙⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ϫⲉ ϥⲛⲁϭⲓ ⲉⲟⲩⲣⲱⲙⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ϥⲛⲁⲧⲁⲕⲟϥ. ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲁϥϣⲗⲏⲗ ⲡⲉ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲉⲧϩⲏⲡ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ϫⲉ ⲭⲁϥ ⲙⲡⲉⲣⲉⲣ ϧⲟϯ.","english":"and those who were possessed by demons, he would heal them by the sign of the cross in the name of our Lord Jesus Christ. He would purify those who were afflicted, and he would pray over them, and by the word of his mouth, or rather by the power of God, he would send them away healed, each one to his own way. And the dead, he would raise them up once and for all, so that nothing was impossible before him because of his great humility and his boundless love for God, or rather the Holy Spirit who was working in the whole universe that existed within him.\n\nThey neglected to bring him a cup of vinegar of a certain kind, which was untamed, causing fear in everyone who would touch it and restrain it, and they would do it with difficulty. They brought him to the holy man. And when they brought him to the old man, he said to the people, \"Release him.\" And when they released him, he immediately drew upon himself, he stripped the garment that was on his neck and his hands, and he went out from the mountain, roaring at them like a camel. And the people said to the old man, \"He will seize a man and destroy him.\" But the old man prayed in secret, and the old man said, \"Release him, do not be afraid.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲉⲣⲥⲫⲣⲁⲅⲓⲍⲉⲓⲛ","severity":"info","text":"The Greek loan verb ⲉⲣⲥⲫⲣⲁⲅⲓⲍⲉⲓⲛ (sphragizein) means 'to seal' or 'to make the sign of the cross'. The rendering 'sign of the cross' captures the ritual action of blessing or exorcism.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ϣⲗⲏⲗ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic verb ϣⲗⲏⲗ is fixed as 'pray'. It appears twice in this passage, once in the general sense of praying over the afflicted and once in the old man's private prayer.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲓⲡⲛⲁ ⲉⲑⲟⲩⲁⲃ","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'the Holy Spirit' (ⲡⲓⲡⲛⲁ ⲉⲑⲟⲩⲁⲃ) reflects a developed trinitarian theology common in Coptic hagiography, where the Spirit is the active agent of miracles.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲁⲗⲟⲥ","severity":"caution","text":"The word ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲁⲗⲟⲥ (sic) is likely a scribal error or variant for ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲁⲗⲟⲥ (untamed). The English draft renders it as 'untamed', but the Coptic form is uncertain.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The passage shifts from a summary of Macarius's healing and resurrection miracles to a specific narrative about a possessed man brought to him. The transition is marked by ⲁⲙⲉⲗⲉⲓ ('they neglected').","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The motif of raising the dead (ⲛⲓⲣⲉϥⲙⲱⲟⲩⲧ ⲛⲁϥⲧⲟⲩⲛⲟⲥ ⲙⲙⲱⲟⲩ) is a standard hagiographic topos, emphasizing Macarius's sanctity and divine favor, and is echoed in later Coptic and Ethiopic traditions.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of the 'old man' (ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ) is ambiguous; it likely refers to Macarius, but the text does not explicitly name him in this passage.","The phrase ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲁⲗⲟⲥ (sic) is corrupt; the intended reading may be 'untamed' or 'wild', but the exact meaning is uncertain."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":49,"ref":"p49","source":"ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁϥϩⲱⲗ ⲉⲡⲁⲓⲥⲁ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲫⲁⲓ ⲡⲁⲗⲓⲛ ⲟⲛ ⲁϥⲧⲁⲥⲑⲟ ϩⲁⲣⲱⲟⲩ ⲟⲩⲟϩ\nⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲛⲓⲙ ⲡⲉ ⲡⲉⲕⲣⲁⲛ. ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲡⲥⲁⲧⲁⲛⲁⲥ\nⲡⲉ ⲡⲁⲣⲁⲛ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ϯⲛⲟⲩ ⲉⲕⲉⲓ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲛϧⲏⲧϥ ϧⲉⲛ\nⲫⲣⲁⲛ ⲛⲓ︦ⲏ︦ⲥ︦ ⲡⲁⲛⲟⲩϯ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲛⲉⲕⲧⲁⲥⲑⲟⲕ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ϣⲁ ⲡⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ ⲙⲡⲉϥⲙⲟⲩ\nϫⲉ ⲡⲁⲓⲣⲏϯ ⲡⲉ ⲉⲧⲁ ⲡⲟ︦ⲥ︦ ⲓ︦ⲏ︦ⲥ︦ ϫⲟⲥ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁϥϩⲉⲓ ⲛϫⲉ ⲡⲓⲣⲱⲙⲓ ⲁϥⲉⲣ\nⲙⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲛⲟⲩⲣⲉϥⲙⲱⲟⲩⲧ ⲙⲡⲉϥⲙⲑⲟ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁ ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲛⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲉⲗ ⲙⲱⲟⲩ\nⲁϥϫⲱϣ ⲉϫⲉⲛ ⲡⲉϥϩⲟ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲛⲉϥⲙⲁϣϫ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲁⲓⲣⲏϯ ⲁϥϯ ⲉϧⲟⲩⲛ\nⲉⲣⲱϥ ⲉⲑⲣⲉϥⲥⲱ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲭⲁϥ ⲉϥⲉⲛⲕⲟⲧ ⲉⲥⲕⲉⲛ ⲛⲓⲣⲱⲙⲓ ⲁϥϩⲱⲗ ⲉϧⲟⲩⲛ\nⲁϥⲧⲱⲃϩ ⲙⲫϯ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲓ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲁϥⲉⲗ ⲛⲉϩ ⲁϥϯ ⲉϧⲟⲩⲛ ⲉⲣⲱϥ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲓⲫⲁⲛⲟⲥ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲓⲙⲁ ⲛⲉⲣ ϣⲱⲟⲩϣⲓ ⲡⲁⲓⲣⲏϯ ⲟⲛ ⲛⲉϥⲕⲉⲙⲁϣϫ ⲟⲩⲟϩ\nⲉⲧⲁϥⲕⲓⲙ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲧⲱⲛⲕ ⲙⲁϣⲉ ⲛⲁⲕ ⲉⲡⲉⲕⲏⲓ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲧⲱⲛϥ ⲁϥⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁϥⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲓⲇⲁⲓⲙⲱⲛ ⲁϥϣⲉ ⲛⲁϥ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϩⲁⲣⲟϥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲁϥϯ ⲱⲟⲩ ⲙⲫ︦ϯ︦ ⲡⲉ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲡⲓⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲉϩⲣⲏⲓ\nⲉϫⲉⲛ ϯϣⲫⲏⲣⲓ ⲉⲧⲁⲥϣⲱⲡⲓ.\nⲉϥⲉⲛⲕⲟⲧ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲟⲩⲉϫⲱⲣϩ ⲛϫⲉ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲁⲩⲓ ⲛϫⲉ ⲛⲓⲇⲁⲓⲙⲱⲛ","english":"and when he had returned to this place again, he also stood over them, and the old man said to him, “What is your name?” He said to him, “Satan is my name.” And the old man said to him, “Now come out of him in the name of our Lord Jesus Christ, and do not stand against him until the day of his death, for thus the Lord Jesus Christ has said.” And when the man fell, he became like a dead man before him, and the holy old man took water, poured it over his face and his ears, and thus he gave it to him to drink, and when he had laid him down to sleep, the men came in, and he prayed to God, and when he had finished, he took oil and gave it to him to drink from the vessels of the place of the sanctuary. Thus also his other ears, and when he had moved toward him, he said to him, “Rise, go to your house.” And when he had risen, he heard and spoke, and the demon went away from him, and they gave glory to God and to the holy Abba Macarius because of the miracle that had happened.\n\nNow when Abba Macarius was sleeping one night, the demons came","structure":"dialogue","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲡⲥⲁⲧⲁⲛⲁⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The demon names himself 'Satan' (ⲡⲥⲁⲧⲁⲛⲁⲥ), a direct borrowing from Greek Σατανᾶς. In Coptic hagiography, the demon's self-identification underscores the cosmic struggle between the holy man and the Adversary.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ϧⲉⲛ ⲫⲣⲁⲛ ⲛⲓ︦ⲏ︦ⲥ︦ ⲡⲁⲛⲟⲩϯ","severity":"info","text":"The exorcism formula 'in the name of our Lord Jesus Christ' echoes New Testament practice (cf. Acts 16:18; Mark 16:17) and is a standard element in Coptic exorcism narratives, invoking divine authority over demons.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲛⲓⲫⲁⲛⲟⲥ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲓⲙⲁ ⲛⲉⲣ ϣⲱⲟⲩϣⲓ","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'vessels of the place of the sanctuary' (ⲛⲓⲫⲁⲛⲟⲥ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲓⲙⲁ ⲛⲉⲣ ϣⲱⲟⲩϣⲓ) likely refers to oil kept in the church or monastic sanctuary for liturgical blessing, used here for healing.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage is a dialogue between the holy old man (Abba Macarius) and a demon possessing a man. The demon's naming and the exorcism follow a pattern: confrontation, command, physical collapse, ritual purification, and restoration.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The title 'holy Abba Macarius' (ⲡⲓⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ) reflects the saint's veneration in Coptic tradition as a wonderworker. The crowd's giving glory to God and Macarius shows the hagiographic purpose: to elevate the saint as an instrument of divine power.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲛⲉϥⲕⲉⲙⲁϣϫ","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase 'his other ears' (ⲛⲉϥⲕⲉⲙⲁϣϫ) is ambiguous: it may mean the man's second ear (after the first was treated) or a second set of ears on the demon. The reading here takes it as the man's other ear, consistent with the healing sequence.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase 'ⲛⲉϥⲕⲉⲙⲁϣϫ' could refer to the man's other ear or to additional ears of the demon; the context of healing favors the former.","The transition from the exorcism to the night scene is abrupt; the Coptic 'ⲉϥⲉⲛⲕⲟⲧ ⲇⲉ' may indicate a new episode or a temporal shift."],"confidence":"high","notes":[{"kind":"structure","severity":"info","label":"dialogue","text":"Classified as dialogue from the Coptic cues."}]},{"i":50,"ref":"p50","source":"ⲉⲩⲉⲣ ⲅ̄ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲉϫⲱⲟⲩ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲁⲛⲟⲛ ϩⲁⲛ ⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲧⲱⲛⲕ ⲉⲑⲣⲉⲛϣⲗⲏⲗ.\nⲉⲧⲁϥϩⲉⲙⲥⲓ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲱⲟⲩ ϫⲉ ϩⲱⲗ ⲉⲡⲓⲭⲁⲕⲓ ⲡⲓⲙⲁ ⲉⲧⲉ ⲫⲣⲓⲙⲓ ⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲓ\nⲙⲙⲟϥ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲉϫⲱⲟⲩ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲭⲛⲁϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲁ ⲉⲛⲓⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲧⲱⲛⲕ ⲛⲧⲉⲛϣⲗⲏⲗ ⲟⲩ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲙⲙⲟⲛ ⲇⲁⲓⲙⲱⲛ ⲛⲁϫⲟⲥ ⲛⲟⲩⲣⲱⲙⲓ ⲁⲛ ϫⲉ ϣⲗⲏⲗ\nⲁⲗⲗⲁ ⲓⲥ ϩⲏⲡⲡⲉ ⲧⲉⲛⲉⲣ ⲅ̄ ⲙⲡⲧⲩⲡⲟⲥ ⲛϯⲧⲣⲓⲁⲥ. ⲡⲁⲗⲓⲛ ⲟⲛ ⲁϥⲥⲁϩⲟⲩⲓ\nⲉⲣⲱⲟⲩ ϧⲉⲛ ⲫⲣⲁⲛ ⲙⲡⲟ︦ⲥ︦ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁⲩϧⲟⲛⲧⲟⲩ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ⲁⲩⲉⲣ ϩⲏⲧⲥ ⲛⲕⲓⲙ\nⲉⲣⲟϥ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲡⲓⲑⲟⲙ ⲉⲧⲥⲁ ϧⲣⲏⲓ ⲙⲙⲟϥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡϫⲓ ⲛⲑⲣⲉϥⲱϣ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ\nϫⲉ ⲡⲁⲟ︦ⲥ︦ ⲓ︦ⲏ︦ⲥ︦ ⲁⲣⲓⲃⲟⲏⲑⲉⲓⲛ ⲉⲣⲟⲓ ⲥⲁⲧⲟⲧⲟⲩ ⲁⲩⲉⲣ ⲙⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲛⲟⲩⲭⲣⲉⲙⲧⲥ\nⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲩⲉⲣ ⲁⲑⲟⲩⲱⲛϩ. ⲉϥϩⲉⲙⲥⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲟⲩⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ ϩⲏⲡⲡⲉ ⲓⲥ ⲡⲓⲭⲉⲣⲟⲩⲃⲓⲙ\nⲉⲧⲧⲏ ⲁϥⲓ ϣⲁⲣⲟϥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲛⲁⲩ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ⲁϥⲣⲁϣⲓ ⲛϫⲉ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ.\nⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ϭⲣⲟ ⲙⲙⲟⲕ ϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲓⲁⲅⲱⲛ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ϧⲉⲛ ϩⲱⲃ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ\nⲙⲁ ⲱⲟⲩ ⲙⲫ︦ϯ︦ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲛⲁⲩ ⲉⲣⲟⲕ ⲙⲏⲡⲱⲥ ⲛⲧⲉⲕϭⲓⲥⲓ ⲛϩⲏⲧ ϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ ⲛⲁⲓϫⲟⲙ ⲛⲧⲁⲗϭⲟ ⲉⲧⲉⲕⲓⲣⲓ ⲙⲙⲱⲟⲩ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲉⲕϧⲓⲥⲓ ⲧⲁⲕⲟ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲉϫⲉ\nⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲁϣ ⲡⲉ ⲡⲁϭⲓⲥⲓ ⲛϩⲏⲧ ⲡⲁⲟ︦ⲥ︦ ϩⲏⲡⲡⲉ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲓⲥ\nⲛⲓⲇⲁⲓⲙⲱⲛ ⲑⲉⲙⲕⲟ ⲙⲡⲁⲥⲱⲙⲁ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲧⲁⲯⲩⲭⲏ ϩⲓ ⲟⲩⲥⲟⲡ ϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲥⲑⲟⲓⲃⲱⲛ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲛⲟⲩⲡⲁⲑⲟⲥ ⲉⲧϭⲁϧⲉⲙ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ϯⲭⲏ ⲛⲁϩⲣⲁⲓ ⲙⲙⲓⲛ ⲙⲙⲟⲓ","english":"They said to him, “We are saints; stand up so that we may pray.” He sat down and said to them, “Go to the place of darkness, where weeping will be.” They said to him, “Will you find a saint to stand and pray with us? For a demon would not say to a man, ‘Pray,’ but behold, we are making the sign of the type of the Trinity.” Again he rebuked them in the name of the Lord, and when they had come to him, they began to move toward him together with the wall that was below him, and in the moment of his crying out, “My Lord Jesus, help me!” immediately they became like ashes and vanished. While he was sitting one day, behold, the Cherubim came to him, and when Abba Macarius saw him, he rejoiced. And he said to him, “Be strong in your struggles and in all things; give glory to God, and see yourself, lest you become proud because of these powers that you have overcome, and lest your labor be destroyed.” And Abba Macarius said to him, “What is my pride, my Lord? For behold, the demons are crushing my body and my soul together through the violence of their harsh passions, and I am left alone by myself.","structure":"dialogue","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic ⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ (from Greek ἅγιος) is used adjectivally here; the speakers claim to be 'holy ones' or 'saints', a self-designation that the narrative treats as demonic imposture.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ϣⲗⲏⲗ","severity":"info","text":"The verb ϣⲗⲏⲗ means 'to pray'. The demons' invitation to pray is presented as a trap; Macarius's refusal underscores the hagiographic theme that true prayer is a weapon against evil.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"external","lemma":"ⲧⲣⲓⲁⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The demons claim to make the sign of the Trinity (ⲧⲣⲓⲁⲥ), a gesture that in Coptic tradition often refers to the sign of the cross. The irony is that demons are depicted as mimicking orthodox ritual to deceive the ascetic.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲭⲉⲣⲟⲩⲃⲓⲙ","severity":"info","text":"The Cherubim (ⲭⲉⲣⲟⲩⲃⲓⲙ) are angelic beings from biblical tradition (e.g., Ex 25:18–20, Ezek 1). Their appearance here as a comforting figure to Macarius aligns with hagiographic conventions of angelic visitation.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage is a dialogue between Macarius and demonic figures, followed by a theophany of the Cherubim. The shift from adversarial to consoling speech marks a structural pivot in the narrative.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁⲩⲉⲣ ⲁⲑⲟⲩⲱⲛϩ","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase ⲁⲩⲉⲣ ⲁⲑⲟⲩⲱⲛϩ ('they became like ashes and vanished') is textually uncertain; the Coptic may be corrupt or elliptical. The translation follows the sense of sudden dissolution common in exorcism accounts.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of the 'saints' (ⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ) is ambiguous: they are demons in disguise, but the text does not explicitly state this until their transformation into ashes.","The phrase ⲁⲩⲉⲣ ⲁⲑⲟⲩⲱⲛϩ is ambiguous; it may be a scribal error or a rare idiom for dissolution."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[{"kind":"structure","severity":"info","label":"dialogue","text":"Classified as dialogue from the Coptic cues."}]},{"i":51,"ref":"p51","source":"ⲙⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲛⲟⲩⲥϩⲓⲙⲓ ⲉⲥⲑⲟⲗⲉⲃ ϧⲉⲛ ⲧⲉⲥϧⲣⲱ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲱⲥ ⲁⲓⲛⲁϣϭⲓⲥⲓ ⲛϩⲏⲧ\nⲡⲗⲏⲛ ϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ ϯⲡⲉⲓⲣⲁ ϫⲉ ⲡⲟ︦ⲥ︦ ⲓ︦ⲏ︦ⲥ︦ ⲡⲭ︦ⲥ︦ ⲡⲉ ⲉⲧϣⲟⲡ ⲛⲏⲓ ⲛⲃⲟⲏⲑⲟⲥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ\nⲡⲉϥⲉϩⲙⲟⲧ ⲡⲉ ⲉⲧⲓⲣⲓ ⲙⲡⲓⲧⲁⲗϭⲟ.\nⲁⲥϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲟⲛ ⲙⲉⲛⲉⲛⲥⲁ ⲕⲉⲥⲏⲟⲩ ⲉϥⲉⲣϩⲏⲥⲩⲭⲁⲍⲉⲓⲛ ϧⲁⲣⲓ ϧⲁⲣⲟϥ\nⲛϫⲉ ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲉⲑⲟⲩⲁⲃ ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲙⲁⲩ ⲡⲓⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲁϥⲙⲟⲕⲙⲉⲕ ⲙⲙⲟϥ ⲡⲉ ⲉϧⲣⲏⲓ ⲛϧⲏⲧϥ ϫⲉ ϯⲛⲁϣⲉ ⲛⲏⲓ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓϩⲉⲗⲟⲥ\nⲉⲧⲥⲁϧⲟⲩⲛ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲧⲁⲛⲁⲩ ϫⲉ ϩⲁⲣⲁ ⲁ ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ϣⲱⲡⲓ ϧⲁϫⲱⲓ ⲁⲛ ϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲓϣⲁϥⲉⲩ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲱⲥⲕ ⲉⲣⲉ ⲡⲁⲓⲙⲉⲩⲓ ϯ ⲛⲉⲙⲁϥ ϣⲁ ⲉ̄ ⲛⲣⲟⲙⲡⲓ ⲧⲟⲧⲉ\nⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲉϧⲣⲏⲓ ⲛϧⲏⲧϥ ϫⲉ ϯⲛⲁⲧⲱⲛⲧ ⲛⲧⲁϣⲉ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲧⲁⲙⲟϣⲓ ⲉϧⲟⲩⲛ\nⲉⲡⲓϩⲉⲗⲟⲥ ⲉⲧⲥⲁϧⲟⲩⲛ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲧⲁⲛⲁⲩ ϫⲉ ⲟⲩ ⲡⲉ ⲉϯⲛⲁϫⲉⲙϥ ⲙⲙⲁⲩ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ\nⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲕⲓⲙ ⲉⲣⲟⲓ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲓ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲛϫⲉ ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲉⲑⲟⲩⲁⲃ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ\nⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁϥⲙⲟϣⲓ ⲛⲇ̄ ⲛⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲓ ϩⲓϫⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲗⲓⲙⲛⲏ\nⲁϥⲛⲁⲩ ⲉⲟⲩⲛⲏⲥⲟⲥ ϧⲉⲛ ⲧⲉⲥⲙⲏϯ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲓ ⲉϫⲉⲛ ϯⲛⲏⲥⲟⲥ ⲁϥⲛⲁⲩ\nⲟⲩⲟϩ ϩⲏⲡⲡⲉ ⲓⲥ ϩⲁⲛ ⲣⲱⲙⲓ ⲉⲩⲃⲏϣ ⲉⲁ ⲡⲟⲩϣⲁⲣ ⲟⲩⲱⲙⲧ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁϥⲟⲩⲙⲟⲧ\nϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲁⲏⲣ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲟⲩϥⲱⲓ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲛⲟⲩⲓⲉⲃ ⲁⲩⲉⲣ ⲛⲓϣϯ ⲁⲩⲉⲣ ⲕⲉⲥⲙⲟⲧ\nϩⲱⲥⲧⲉ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲛⲁⲩ ⲉⲣⲱⲟⲩ ⲁϥⲉⲛϩⲟⲩⲣ ⲉϥϫⲱ ⲙⲙⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ϩⲁⲛ ⲡⲛ︦ⲁ︦ ⲛⲉ.","english":"like a woman who is pregnant in her womb, and how I have become proud. But through the experience that the Lord Jesus Christ is my helper, and his grace is what heals me.\n\nIt happened again after some time, while the holy old man, the saint Abba Macarius, was practicing hesychia there, that he was thinking within himself, \"I will go out from the inner desert and see if perhaps something has happened to me in the deserts.\" And as this thought persisted with him for three years, then he said within himself, \"I will rise and go and enter the inner desert and see what I will find there, according to what they said to me.\" And the holy old man Abba Macarius went out and walked for four days, and when he came upon a lake, he saw an island in its middle. And when he came to the island, he saw, and behold, there were men whose hair had grown long and their nails had become like sickles, and they were transformed by the air, and their faces and eyes had become large, they had become another form, so that when he saw them, he was frightened, saying, \"They are spirits.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic retains the Greek/Syriac address ⲁⲃⲃⲁ (Abba) before the name Macarius, a standard honorific in monastic literature.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ϩⲏⲥⲩⲭⲁⲍⲉⲓⲛ","severity":"info","text":"The Greek loanword ϩⲏⲥⲩⲭⲁⲍⲉⲓⲛ (hesychazein) denotes the practice of stillness or hesychia, a key monastic discipline in the Egyptian desert tradition.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲓϩⲉⲗⲟⲥ ⲉⲧⲥⲁϧⲟⲩⲛ","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'inner desert' (ⲡⲓϩⲉⲗⲟⲥ ⲉⲧⲥⲁϧⲟⲩⲛ) refers to the more remote regions of the Egyptian desert, often associated with advanced ascetics seeking greater solitude.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The passage shifts from Macarius's internal deliberation (three years of thought) to external action (a four-day journey), marking a narrative transition from introspection to encounter.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"parallel","kind":"parallel","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The description of wild, transformed men on an island recalls similar accounts in the Sayings of the Desert Fathers, where ascetics encounter beings whose physical state reflects prolonged isolation.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁⲩⲉⲣ ⲛⲓϣϯ ⲁⲩⲉⲣ ⲕⲉⲥⲙⲟⲧ","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase 'they had become large, they had become another form' is ambiguous: it may describe a physical transformation or a spiritual perception; the Coptic does not specify which.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase 'ⲁⲩⲉⲣ ⲛⲓϣϯ ⲁⲩⲉⲣ ⲕⲉⲥⲙⲟⲧ' could indicate either a literal physical change or a visionary appearance; the text does not clarify.","The identity of the 'men' on the island is left open: they are called 'spirits' (ⲡⲛⲁ) by Macarius, but the narrative does not confirm whether they are demons, angels, or transformed ascetics."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":52,"ref":"p52","source":"ⲛⲑⲱⲟⲩ ⲇⲉ ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲛⲁⲩ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ⲉⲁϥⲉⲣ ϩⲟϯ ϩⲱⲥⲧⲉ ϣⲁⲧⲉⲛ ⲕⲉⲕⲟⲩϫⲓ ⲛⲧⲉϥϩⲉⲓ ⲉⲡⲉⲥⲏⲧ ⲧⲟⲧⲉ ⲁⲩⲧⲁⲓⲉ ⲙⲟⲩϯ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ϧⲉⲛ ⲫⲣⲁⲛ ⲙⲡⲟ︦ⲥ︦. ⲛⲑⲟϥ ⲇⲉ\nⲉⲧⲁϥϭⲓ ⲛⲟⲩⲙⲉⲧϫⲁⲣ ϩⲏⲧ ⲁϥⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲛⲉⲙⲱⲟⲩ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲉϫⲱⲟⲩ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ\nⲟⲩ ⲡⲉ ⲉⲧϣⲟⲡ ⲙⲙⲟⲕ ⲓⲉ ⲉⲧⲁⲕⲓ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲉⲕⲕⲱϯ ⲛⲥⲁ ⲟⲩ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ\nⲛⲱⲟⲩ ϫⲉ ⲫⲏ ⲉϯⲕⲱϯ ⲛⲥⲱϥ ⲁⲓϫⲉⲙϥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲙⲡⲉ ⲡⲟ︦ⲥ︦ ϥⲟϫⲧ ⲙⲙⲟϥ ⲉⲧⲉ\nⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲙⲟⲩ ⲡⲉ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁϥϧⲟⲛⲧϥ ⲉⲣⲱⲟⲩ ⲁϥⲁⲙⲟⲛⲓ ⲙⲙⲱⲟⲩ ϫⲉ ⲁⲣⲏⲟⲩ\nϩⲁⲛ ⲡⲛ︦ⲁ︦ ⲛⲉ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲉⲙⲓ ϫⲉ ϩⲁⲛ ⲣⲱⲙⲓ ⲛⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲛⲉ ⲁϥⲟⲩⲱϣⲧ\nⲙⲙⲱⲟⲩ. ⲛⲑⲱⲟⲩ ⲇⲉ ⲁⲩⲥⲟⲙⲥ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁϥϣⲉⲛⲟⲩ ⲉⲑⲃⲉ ϩⲁⲛ ϩⲃⲏⲟⲩⲓ\nⲡⲉϫⲱⲟⲩ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲙⲡⲉⲛϣⲱⲡⲓ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲙⲟⲛⲁⲥⲧⲏⲣⲓⲟⲛ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡϣⲁϥⲉ ⲟⲩⲟϩ\nⲙⲡⲉⲛⲛⲁⲩ ⲉⲥⲭⲏⲙⲁ ⲉⲛⲉϩ ⲙⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲙⲫⲏ ⲉⲧⲉⲕⲉⲣⲫⲟⲣⲉⲓⲛ ⲙⲙⲟϥ. ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ⲉⲧⲁ ⲟⲩϯⲙⲁϯ ϣⲱⲡⲓ ϧⲉⲛ ⲧⲉⲛⲙⲏϯ ⲁⲛⲓ ⲉⲡⲁⲓⲙⲁ ⲓⲥ ⲟⲩⲥⲏⲟⲩ ⲉϥⲟⲥⲕ\nⲉⲙⲁϣⲱ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲓⲥϫⲉ ⲉⲧⲁⲛⲓ ⲙⲛⲁⲓ ⲙⲡⲉⲛⲉⲣⲁⲡⲁⲛⲧⲁⲛ ⲉⲣⲱⲙⲓ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲁⲓⲕⲟⲥⲙⲟⲥ ⲉⲃⲏⲗ ⲉⲣⲟⲕ ⲉⲛⲙⲟϣⲓ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲛⲉⲛⲉⲣⲏⲟⲩ ϩⲓ ⲡⲁⲓⲧⲱⲟⲩ ⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲩ\nⲉⲟⲩⲙⲏϣ ⲛⲍⲱⲟⲛ ⲉⲩⲟⲓ ⲛⲟⲩⲙⲏϣ ⲛⲥⲙⲟⲧ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲓⲣⲉⲙ ⲛⲧⲱⲟⲩ ⲧⲉⲛⲉⲣⲁⲡⲁⲛⲧⲁⲛ ⲉⲣⲱⲟⲩ ⲛⲟⲩⲙⲏϣ ⲛⲥⲟⲡ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ ⲑⲃⲟⲏⲑⲉⲓⲁ ⲙⲡⲟ︦ⲥ︦ ⲙⲙⲟⲛ\nϩⲗⲓ ϭⲓ ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲛ ⲟⲛ ⲉⲉⲣⲃⲗⲁⲡⲧⲉⲓⲛ ⲙⲙⲟⲛ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲙⲡⲓⲣⲏϯ ⲉⲧⲉⲕⲛⲁⲩ\nⲉⲛⲙⲟϣⲓ ϯⲛⲟⲩ ⲉⲛⲃⲏϣ ⲡⲁⲓⲣⲏϯ ⲡⲉ ⲛⲕⲁⲓⲣⲟⲥ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ ⲛⲧⲉⲛϧⲟⲥⲓ ⲁⲛ ⲟⲩⲇⲉ\nϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓϣⲱⲙ ⲟⲩⲇⲉ ϧⲉⲛ ϯⲫⲣⲱ ϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲏⲓ ⲡⲟ︦ⲥ︦ ⲡⲉ ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲟⲓⲕⲟⲛⲟⲙⲉⲓⲛ ⲙⲙⲟⲛ\nⲙⲡⲁⲓⲣⲏϯ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁⲩϣⲉⲛϥ ⲉⲑⲃⲉ ⲡⲓⲕⲟⲥⲙⲟⲥ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲛⲁ ⲡⲓⲕⲟⲥⲙⲟⲥ ⲁϥⲉⲣ\nⲟⲩⲱ ⲛⲱⲟⲩ ϫⲉ ϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ ⲫ︦ϯ︦ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲗⲏⲗ ⲡⲟ︦ⲥ︦ ⲉⲣⲑⲁⲗⲡⲉⲓⲛ ⲙⲙⲱⲟⲩ\nϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ ⲧⲉϥⲡⲣⲟⲛⲟⲓⲁ.","english":"They, when they saw him, were afraid, so that he almost fell down. Then they honored him, calling him in the name of the Lord. But he, having taken courage, spoke with them, and they said to him, “What is it that afflicts you, or have you come out seeking something?” And he said to them, “The one I was seeking, I have found, and the Lord has not hidden him from me, for he is the blessed one.” And when he had brought him to them, he exhorted them, saying, “Perhaps they are spirits.” And when he realized that they were holy men, he bowed down to them. But they rebuked him, and he asked them about certain matters. They said to him, “We have not dwelt in a monastery in the desert, and we have never seen a habit like the one you are wearing. But since a certain agreement has come among us, we have come to this place at a very opportune time, and if we had come here, we would not have encountered any man of this world except you. For we walk together on this mountain, and we see many beasts in many forms, and the wild beasts of the mountain, we encounter them many times, and through the help of the Lord, no one has harmed us, nor have we been injured, as you see us walking now, we are naked. This is the case at all times; we do not suffer from heat or cold, nor from hunger or thirst, because the Lord is the one who governs us in this way.” And when they asked him about the world and worldly things, he answered them, saying, “Through God and your prayers, the Lord protects them through his providence.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲟⲩⲱϣⲧ","severity":"info","text":"The verb ⲟⲩⲱϣⲧ denotes prostration in worship, a gesture of reverence distinct from ⲟⲩⲱϣ 'to wish'. Here Macarius bows to the holy men, marking a moment of recognition and humility.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"background","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The description of naked ascetics walking unharmed among beasts on a mountain echoes the tradition of the 'naked philosophers' or desert anchorites who lived in extreme renunciation, a topos in Coptic hagiography.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage shifts from Macarius' initial fear to his recognition of the holy men, forming a narrative arc of mistaken identity and revelation. The dialogue serves to contrast the ascetics' lifestyle with Macarius' own.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The repeated use of ⲡⲟⲥ (Lord) in the dialogue, especially in the phrase 'the Lord protects them through his providence,' echoes New Testament themes of divine providence (e.g., Acts 17:25, Wisdom 1:1).","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁϥⲉⲣ ϩⲟϯ","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase ⲁϥⲉⲣ ϩⲟϯ (he was afraid) is ambiguous: it could mean Macarius feared the strangers or that they feared him. The context suggests mutual wariness, but the Coptic grammar allows either reading.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase ⲁϥⲉⲣ ϩⲟϯ (he was afraid) could refer to Macarius or the strangers; the translation takes it as the strangers' fear, but the Coptic subject is ambiguous.","The identity of the 'blessed one' (ⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲙⲟⲩ) is unclear: it may refer to a specific person or to the holy men collectively."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":53,"ref":"p53","source":"ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁϥϭⲓ ⲙⲡⲟⲩⲥⲙⲟⲩ ⲁϥⲓ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϩⲓⲧⲟⲧⲟⲩ ⲟⲩⲟϩ\nⲁϥⲧⲁⲥⲑⲟ ⲉⲡⲉϥⲙⲁ ⲛϣⲱⲡⲓ. ⲡⲓⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲇⲉ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲁϥⲉⲣ ϩⲏⲧⲥ ⲛⲉⲣ ϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲥⲉⲣ ϩⲏⲧⲥ\nⲛⲭⲁϥ ⲛϫⲉ ϯϫⲟⲙ ⲧⲉϥⲯⲩⲭⲏ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲁⲥⲣⲱⲟⲩⲧ ⲙⲙⲏⲛⲓ ⲡⲉ ⲉϧⲟⲩⲛ ⲉϯ\nⲙⲉⲧϣⲁⲙϣⲉ ⲛⲟⲩϯ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉϥⲃⲉⲣⲃⲉⲣ ϧⲉⲛ ϯⲁⲅⲁⲡⲏ ⲉϧⲟⲩⲛ ⲉⲫϯ ⲛⲁϥϣⲟⲡ\nⲛϩⲟϯ ⲛⲁϩⲣⲉⲛ ⲛⲛⲓⲇⲁⲓⲙⲱⲛ ϩⲱⲥⲧⲉ ϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ ⲡⲁϣⲁⲓ ⲛⲛⲓϧⲓⲥⲓ ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲓⲛⲓ\nⲙⲙⲱⲟⲩ ⲉϫⲱϥ ⲛⲧⲟⲩⲉⲣ ϩⲏⲧⲥ ⲛⲭⲁ ⲧⲟⲧⲟⲩ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲉⲩϧⲏⲕ ⲟⲩⲃⲏϥ. ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲑⲱⲟⲩϯ ⲟⲩⲛ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ⲛⲟⲩⲥⲟⲡ ⲉϥϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓϩⲉⲗⲟⲥ ⲉϥⲉⲛ ⲃⲏⲧ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲥⲁ ⲡⲥⲁ\nⲛⲛⲓⲥⲛⲏⲟⲩ ⲁⲩⲱⲗⲓ ⲛϯⲭⲣⲟⲃⲓ ⲉⲧϧⲉⲛ ⲧⲉϥϫⲓϫ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲁⲙⲟⲛⲓ ⲙⲙⲟⲥ\nⲁⲩⲁϣⲥ ⲥⲁ ⲡϣⲱⲓ ⲙⲙⲟϥ ϩⲱⲥ ϫⲉ ⲉⲩⲛⲁⲉⲛⲥ ⲉϩⲣⲏⲓ ⲉϫⲱϥ. ⲛⲑⲟϥ ⲇⲉ ⲉⲣⲉ\nⲡⲉϥϩⲏⲧ ϫⲟⲣ ⲙⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲛⲟⲩⲙⲟⲩⲓ ⲁϥⲱϣ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲉϩⲣⲏⲓ ⲉϫⲱⲟⲩ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲛⲓϣϯ\nⲛⲥⲙⲏ ϫⲉ ⲓⲥϫⲉ ⲁ ⲡⲟ︦ⲥ︦ ϯ ⲉⲝⲟⲩⲥⲓⲁ ⲛⲱⲧⲉⲛ ⲓⲉ ⲁⲛⲓⲧⲥ ⲉϧⲣⲏⲓ ⲉϫⲱⲓ ⲓⲥϫⲉ ⲇⲉ\nⲙⲫⲏ ⲓⲉ ⲙⲁϣⲉ ⲛⲱⲧⲉⲛ ⲉⲡⲓⲭⲁⲕⲓ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲑⲱⲟⲩϯ ⲉⲛⲟⲩⲉⲣⲏⲟⲩ ⲁⲩⲱϣ\nⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲉϩⲣⲏⲓ ⲉϫⲱϥ ⲉⲩϫⲱ ⲙⲙⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲱ ⲃⲓⲁ ⲉϫⲱⲕ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲁⲛⲭⲁ\nⲧⲟⲧⲉⲛ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲕ ⲙⲡⲁⲓⲥⲏⲟⲩ ⲧⲏⲣϥ ⲉⲑⲃⲉ ϫⲉ ⲡⲓϧⲓⲥⲓ ⲧⲏⲣϥ ⲉⲧⲁⲛϣⲟⲡϥ\nⲛϯ ⲟⲩⲃⲏⲕ ⲁϥϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲉϥϣⲟⲩⲓⲧ ⲕⲁⲓ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲙⲡⲉⲛϫⲉⲙ ϩⲏⲟⲩ ⲛϧⲏⲧⲕ ⲛϩⲗⲓ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲱⲟⲩ ϫⲉ ⲧⲁϫⲟⲙ ⲁⲛ ⲧⲉ ⲉⲧⲓⲣⲓ ⲛⲛⲁⲓ ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ⲡⲓϩⲙⲟⲧ ⲛⲧⲉ\nⲡⲟ︦ⲥ︦ ⲡⲉ.","english":"And after he had received their blessing, he went out from them and returned to his dwelling place. But the holy Abba Macarius was steadfast in his asceticism, and his soul was continually directed toward the service of God, and he burned with love for God. He was a terror to the demons, so that through the multitude of the sufferings they inflicted upon him, they were compelled to desist from him, being vanquished by him. Once, when they gathered against him while he was in the desert, they brought forth from the side of the brethren a cross that was in his hand, and having taken it, they raised it above him as if they were about to bring it down upon him. But he, whose heart was strong as a lion, cried out to them in a loud voice, “If the Lord has given you authority over me, then bring it down upon me; if not, then go away into the darkness.” And when they had gathered together, they cried out to him, saying, “Woe to you, Macarius, for we have let you go this whole year because all the suffering we caused you has been in vain, for we have found no fault in you.” And he said to them, “It is not my own strength that does these things, but the grace of the Lord.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲅⲁⲡⲏ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic ⲁⲅⲁⲡⲏ (Greek ἀγάπη) here denotes a fervent, selfless love for God, not the liturgical meal. The rendering 'love' is appropriate in this context.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲯⲩⲭⲏ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic ⲯⲩⲭⲏ (Greek ψυχή) is rendered 'soul', referring to the spiritual essence directed toward divine service, not the living person as 'life'.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲃⲃⲁ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic ⲁⲃⲃⲁ (Greek/Syriac 'Abba') is retained as a title of respect for Macarius, consistent with hagiographic convention.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"background","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The demons' attempt to use a cross as a weapon against Macarius reflects a hagiographic motif where demonic forces pervert Christian symbols to test the saint's faith.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage follows a pattern of demonic assault and saintly triumph, culminating in Macarius's declaration that his strength derives from divine grace, not personal power.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲓϩⲉⲗⲟⲥ","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic ⲡⲓϩⲉⲗⲟⲥ (Greek ἔρημος) is rendered 'desert', but the term can also mean 'wilderness' or 'solitary place', reflecting the ascetic setting.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase 'ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲁⲙⲟⲛⲓ ⲙⲙⲟⲥ' (they took it) is ambiguous: the antecedent of 'it' could be the cross or the hand; the translation assumes the cross.","The Coptic 'ⲛⲧⲟⲩⲉⲣ ϩⲏⲧⲥ ⲛⲭⲁ ⲧⲟⲧⲟⲩ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ' (they were compelled to desist) is a passive construction; the agent is implied as the demons themselves."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":54,"ref":"p54","source":"ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲁⲓⲣⲏϯ ⲁⲩⲉⲣ ⲁⲑⲟⲩⲱⲛϩ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲓⲥϫⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲙⲁⲩ\nⲁ ⲡⲟ︦ⲥ︦ ⲉⲣ ϩⲏⲧⲥ ⲛϯ ⲙⲧⲟⲛ ⲛⲁϥ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϩⲁ ⲡϩⲟⲩⲟ ⲛⲛⲓϫⲓ ⲛϯ ⲟⲩⲟⲓ ⲛⲧⲉ\nⲛⲓⲇⲁⲓⲙⲱⲛ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲫⲙⲁ ⲛϩⲁⲛ ⲡⲟⲗⲉⲙⲟⲥ ⲉⲑⲣⲟⲩⲉⲣⲟⲛⲟⲭⲗⲉⲓⲛ ⲛⲁϥ ϧⲉⲛ\nⲟⲩⲙⲉⲧϩⲟⲩⲟ ⲟⲩϫⲁⲙⲏ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲟⲩⲡⲁⲣⲁⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲥ ⲉⲥⲙⲏⲛ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲙⲉⲛⲧⲟⲓ ⲭⲱⲣⲓⲥ\nⲡⲁⲑⲟⲥ ⲁⲛ ⲟⲩ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲙⲡⲉϥⲭⲁ ⲡⲉϥϩⲏⲧ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ϣⲁ ⲡⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ ⲙⲡⲉϥⲙⲟⲩ\nⲁⲗⲗⲁ ⲛⲁϥⲙⲉⲩⲓ ⲙⲙⲏⲛⲓ ⲡⲉ ϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲡⲉⲓⲣⲁⲥⲙⲟⲥ ⲛⲏⲟⲩ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲁⲓⲣⲏϯ","english":"And in this manner they became manifest, and from that day onward, the Lord prepared rest for him, especially from the blows and the attacks of the demons, and instead of battles, they would trouble him with an abundance of disturbance and constant consolation without passion, for he did not abandon his heart until the day of his death, but he continually thought, \"This temptation is coming,\" and so forth.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"sense","kind":"sense","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic states that the Lord prepared rest for Macarius, but the English draft interprets this as the demons troubling him with disturbance and consolation, which is a paradoxical juxtaposition.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲁⲣⲁⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Greek loanword ⲡⲁⲣⲁⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲥ (paraklēsis) can mean 'consolation' or 'exhortation'; here it is paired with 'disturbance' (ⲟⲩϫⲁⲙⲏ), suggesting a spiritual trial that also brings comfort, a common ascetic paradox.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'he did not abandon his heart' reflects the desert tradition of constant vigilance (nipsis) against temptation, a key theme in early monastic literature.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic text at the end reads 'ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲁⲓⲣⲏϯ' ('and so forth'), which may indicate a lacuna or abbreviation; the English draft treats it as part of Macarius's thought, but it could be a scribal note.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage marks a transition from direct demonic attacks to subtler spiritual trials, signaled by the phrase 'instead of battles' (ⲉⲫⲙⲁ ⲛϩⲁⲛ ⲡⲟⲗⲉⲙⲟⲥ).","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase 'ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲁⲓⲣⲏϯ' at the end is ambiguous: it may conclude Macarius's thought or indicate a continuation lost in transmission; the reading taken is that it ends the passage abruptly."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":55,"ref":"p55","source":"ⲛⲁϥⲉⲣⲛⲏⲫⲉⲓⲛ ⲛⲟⲩⲛⲟⲩ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲡⲁϣⲁⲓ ⲛϯⲇⲓⲁⲕⲣⲓⲥⲓⲥ ⲉⲧⲁ ⲡⲟ︦ⲥ︦\nⲉⲣⲭⲁⲣⲓⲍⲉⲥⲑⲁⲓ ⲙⲙⲟⲥ ⲛⲁϥ ⲓⲥϫⲉⲛ ⲧⲉϥⲙⲉⲧⲁⲗⲟⲩ. ⲉⲧⲁϥⲉⲣ ϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲇⲉ ⲛϫⲉ ⲡⲓⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲛⲁⲩⲉⲣⲁⲓⲧⲉⲓⲛ ⲙⲙⲟϥ ⲡⲉ ϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ ϩⲁⲛ\nⲙⲏϣ ϫⲉ ϩⲓⲛⲁ ⲉϥⲉϯ ⲥⲭⲏⲙⲁ ⲛⲱⲟⲩ ϩⲟⲡⲱⲥ ⲛⲥⲉϭⲓ ⲙⲡⲉϥⲥⲙⲟⲩ ⲟⲩⲟϩ\nⲡⲁⲓⲣⲏϯ ⲁⲥϣⲱⲡⲓ. ⲛⲉ ⲁⲩϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲉⲙⲁϥ ⲡⲉ ϫⲉ ϩⲁⲛ ⲙⲏϣ ⲙⲙⲁⲑⲏⲧⲏⲥ\nⲁⲗⲗⲁ ⲛⲁⲩϣⲟⲡ ⲛⲉⲙⲁϥ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲁⲛ ⲡⲉ ⲟⲑⲉⲛ ϩⲁⲛ ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲛϧⲏⲧⲟⲩ ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲭⲟϩ ⲉⲡⲁⲓⲭⲟϩ ⲉⲑⲛⲁⲛⲉϥ ⲓⲥϫⲉⲛ ⲉϥⲟⲛϧ ⲁⲩϣⲱⲡⲓ ϩⲓ ⲫⲟⲩⲉⲓ ⲙⲙⲟϥ\nϧⲉⲛ ϩⲁⲛ ⲕⲉⲙⲱⲓⲧ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁ ⲕⲉⲭⲱⲟⲩⲛⲓ ϣⲱⲡⲓ ϧⲁⲧⲟⲧⲟⲩ ⲁⲩⲙⲟⲩϯ\nⲛⲛⲟⲩⲣⲁⲛ ⲉϫⲉⲛ ϩⲁⲛ ⲕⲉⲣⲁⲟⲩⲏ ⲉⲧⲉ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲓⲱⲁⲛⲛⲏⲥ ⲡⲓⲕⲟⲗⲟⲃⲟⲥ ⲡⲉ ⲛⲉⲙ\nⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲡⲓϣⲟⲓ ⲛⲓⲙⲁⲑⲏⲧⲏⲥ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲁⲙⲟⲓ ⲫⲙⲁⲑⲏⲧⲏⲥ ⲛⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲡⲓⲑⲟⲩ. ⲡⲓⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲇⲉ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲛⲁϥⲣⲁϣⲓ ⲡⲉ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲧⲉⲗⲏⲗ ⲉϥⲛⲁⲩ ⲉⲛⲉϥⲕⲗⲁⲇⲟⲥ ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲁϣⲁⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲉϥⲥⲡⲉⲣⲙⲁ ⲉⲁϥⲫⲓⲣⲓ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉϥⲛⲁⲩ\nⲉϯⲙⲉⲧⲣⲉϥϯ ⲕⲁⲣⲡⲟⲥ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲛⲓϣϣⲏⲛ ⲙⲡ︦ⲛ︦ⲁ︦ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲧⲟϫⲟⲩ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲓⲁϩ ⲁⲗⲟⲗⲓ\nⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲟ︦ⲥ︦ ⲥⲁⲃⲁⲱⲑ ⲛⲁϥϯ ⲱⲟⲩ ⲙⲫ︦ϯ︦ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩϣⲉⲡ ϩⲙⲟⲧ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲁϥϫⲱ\nⲙⲙⲟⲥ ϧⲁⲣⲓ ϧⲁⲣⲟϥ ϫⲉ ϩⲱⲃ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲉⲣ ϣⲟⲣⲡ ⲛϫⲟⲧⲟⲩ ⲛⲏⲓ ⲁ ⲡⲟ︦ⲥ︦\nϫⲟⲕⲟⲩ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲓⲛⲁⲩ ⲉⲣⲱⲟⲩ ⲛⲛⲁⲃⲁⲗ ⲁⲡⲟ ⲙⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥ ⲕⲁⲓ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲛⲓⲣⲉⲙ ⲛⲭⲏⲙⲓ ⲙⲙⲁⲩⲁⲧⲟⲩ ⲁⲛ ⲉⲧϣⲟⲡ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓϣⲁϥⲉ ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲙⲁⲩ ⲁⲗⲗⲁ\nⲉⲃⲟⲗϧⲉⲛ ϩⲁⲛ ⲙⲏϣ ⲛⲭⲱⲣⲁ ⲁⲩⲑⲱⲟⲩϯ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ϯⲣⲱⲙⲁⲛⲓⲁ ⲛⲉⲙ ϯⲥⲡⲁⲛⲓⲁ ϯⲗⲩⲃⲏ ⲛⲉⲙ ϯⲡⲉⲛⲧⲁⲡⲟⲗⲓⲥ ϯⲕⲁⲡⲡⲁⲇⲟⲕⲓⲁ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲡⲓⲃⲩⲍⲁⲛⲧⲓⲟⲛ\nϯϩⲓⲧⲁⲗⲓⲁ ⲛⲉⲙ ϯⲙⲁⲕⲉⲇⲱⲛⲓⲁ ϯⲁⲥⲓⲁ ⲛⲉⲙ ϯⲥⲩⲣⲓⲁ ϯⲡⲁⲗⲁⲓⲥⲧⲓⲛⲏ ⲛⲉⲙ\nϯⲅⲁⲗⲁⲧⲓⲁ ⲁⲡⲁⲝ ⲁⲡⲗⲱⲥ ⲁ ⲛⲉϥⲃⲁⲗ ⲛⲁⲩ ⲉⲛⲏ ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲉⲣ ϣⲟⲣⲡ ⲛϫⲟⲧⲟⲩ\nⲛⲁϥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲩϫⲱⲕ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲉϧⲣⲏⲓ ⲉⲕⲉⲛϥ.","english":"of rest at all times according to the abundance of the discretion which the Lord had granted to him from his youth. When the holy one had grown old, he began to be visited by many crowds, so that he might give them the monastic habit, so that they might receive his blessing. And so it happened. They were with him, many disciples, but not all of them remained with him; only those who had attained this good attainment while he was alive remained in his vicinity, in other cells. And when the younger ones came after them, they called by name some other fathers, such as Abba John the Short and Abba Pishoi, the disciple of Abba Amoi, the disciple of Abba Pithou. The holy Apa Macarius rejoiced with great joy, seeing his branches that had multiplied and his seed that had spread abroad, and seeing the fruit-bearing trees of the spirit that he had planted in the vineyard of the Lord Sabaoth. He gave glory to God with thanksgiving and said, \"All the works that were first begun for me, the Lord has completed them, and I have seen them with my own eyes. For not only the Egyptians are in that desert, but from many countries they gathered to him: Rome and Spain, Libya and Pentapolis, Cappadocia and Byzantium, Italy and Macedonia, Asia and Syria, Palestine and Galatia. In a word, his eyes saw those who had first begun for him, and they were fulfilled unto him.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲥⲙⲟⲩ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic verb ⲥⲙⲟⲩ covers both 'bless' and 'praise'; here, with the object ⲡⲉϥⲥⲙⲟⲩ ('his blessing'), it refers to the blessing given by the holy man to the disciples.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲕⲁⲣⲡⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"Greek καρπός; in homiletic allegory the fruit is a virtue or a work. Here 'fruit-bearing trees of the spirit' (ⲛⲓϣϣⲏⲛ ⲙⲡⲛⲁ) allegorically represent the spiritual achievements of Macarius's disciples.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ϩⲙⲟⲧ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic ϩⲙⲟⲧ means 'grace', the unearned favour of God. In the phrase 'with thanksgiving' (ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩϣⲉⲡ ϩⲙⲟⲧ), it denotes the grateful reception of divine favour.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"external","lemma":"ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲓⲱⲁⲛⲛⲏⲥ ⲡⲓⲕⲟⲗⲟⲃⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"Abba John the Short (John Kolobos) was a prominent desert father; his epithet 'the Short' distinguishes him from other Johns. The mention anchors Macarius's circle in the wider monastic network.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"external","lemma":"ϯⲣⲱⲙⲁⲛⲓⲁ ... ϯⲅⲁⲗⲁⲧⲓⲁ","severity":"info","text":"The list of regions (Rome, Spain, Libya, etc.) reflects the cosmopolitan reach of Macarius's reputation, typical of hagiographic catalogues that magnify the saint's influence across the Mediterranean world.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The passage moves from Macarius's old age and the influx of disciples to a catalogue of named fathers and regions, culminating in his joyful thanksgiving. This climactic structure reinforces the theme of spiritual fecundity.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase 'ⲛⲁⲩⲉⲣⲁⲓⲧⲉⲓⲛ ⲙⲙⲟϥ' (he began to be visited) could also be read as 'he began to be tested'; the context of crowds seeking the monastic habit supports the former.","The identity of 'ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲡⲓϣⲟⲓ' (Abba Pishoi) is uncertain; he may be a distinct figure or a variant of a known disciple."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":56,"ref":"p56","source":"ⲁⲙⲉⲗⲉⲓ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲉⲣ ϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲉⲣ ⲁⲧϫⲟⲙ ⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱϣ ⲛϫⲉ ⲛⲓⲇⲁⲓⲙⲱⲛ ⲉⲉⲣⲇⲟⲕⲓⲙⲁⲍⲉⲓⲛ ⲙⲙⲟϥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲭⲁϥ ⲉϥϩⲉⲙⲥⲓ ϧⲉⲛ ϯⲁⲩⲗⲏ\nⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲣⲉ ⲫⲣⲏ ⲛⲁϩⲱⲧⲡ ⲁϥⲕⲉⲥⲕⲱⲥϥ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲙⲫⲣⲏϯ ϫⲉ ⲉϥⲉⲛⲕⲟⲧ ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲓ\nⲉⲥⲕⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲣⲟ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲥⲁⲃⲟⲗ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ϩⲱⲥ ⲉⲩⲉⲣ ⲟⲩⲙⲏϣ ⲁⲩϭⲓ ⲙⲡⲥⲭⲏⲙⲁ\nⲛϩⲁⲛ ϣⲁⲧ ⲙⲉⲑⲛⲁⲓ ⲁⲩⲕⲱⲗϩ ⲉϧⲟⲩⲛ ⲉⲩϯ ϩⲟ ϫⲉ ⲁⲣⲓ ⲡⲓⲛⲁⲓ ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲛ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲥⲟⲩⲉⲛ ⲧⲟⲩⲥⲙⲏ ⲛⲁϥϩⲓ ⲙⲙⲟϥ ⲉⲡϭⲗⲟⲗ ⲡⲉ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲉϥⲟⲩⲱϣ\nⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲓⲟⲩⲁⲓ ⲡⲓⲟⲩⲁⲓ ⲙⲡⲉϥϣⲫⲏⲣ ϫⲉ ⲉϥⲉⲛⲕⲟⲧ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲛⲓⲕⲉⲭⲱⲟⲩⲛⲓ ϫⲉ ⲁⲣⲏⲟⲩ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲙⲟⲩ ⲛⲧⲉⲛⲙⲧⲟⲛ ⲙⲙⲟⲛ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϩⲁ ⲡⲉϥϥⲓ\nⲣⲱⲟⲩϣ ⲓⲥϫⲉ ⲡⲁⲓⲛⲁⲩ ⲕⲁⲓ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲧⲉϥⲯⲩⲭⲏ ϫⲟⲣ ⲙⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲙⲡⲓⲁⲇⲁⲙⲁⲥ","english":"He neglected himself when he had grown old and when he had become weak. The demons wished to test him, and they placed him sitting in the courtyard while the sun was setting. They troubled him so that he might sleep, having come to the shore from outside, and as if they were a crowd, they took on the form of some compassionate monks. They entered and bowed down, saying, \"Have mercy on us.\" And when he recognized their voice, he threw himself down on the ground willingly, and each one said to his companion, \"He will sleep.\" And the others said, \"Perhaps he has died, for we have no rest from his vigilance, for at this time even his soul is as hard as adamant.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"sense","kind":"sense","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁⲙⲉⲗⲉⲓ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲉⲣ ϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic phrase ⲁⲙⲉⲗⲉⲓ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲉⲣ ϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ means 'he neglected himself when he had grown old,' indicating a self-abandonment to ascetic rigor, not physical neglect.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲯⲩⲭⲏ","severity":"info","text":"ⲯⲩⲭⲏ (soul) is rendered as 'soul' here, consistent with the glossary, but the context emphasizes its hardness (ⲭⲟⲣ ⲙⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲙⲡⲓⲁⲇⲁⲙⲁⲥ), a metaphor for spiritual resilience.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"background","lemma":"ⲡⲓⲁⲇⲁⲙⲁⲥ","severity":"info","text":"ⲡⲓⲁⲇⲁⲙⲁⲥ (adamant) refers to an extremely hard substance, often diamond or a legendary metal, used in ascetic literature to symbolize unyielding virtue.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage is a narrative episode where demons test Macarius by impersonating monks, a common hagiographic motif that contrasts demonic deception with the saint's discernment.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁⲩⲕⲱⲗϩ ⲉϧⲟⲩⲛ","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase ⲁⲩⲕⲱⲗϩ ⲉϧⲟⲩⲛ ('they entered and bowed down') is ambiguous: it could mean they bowed in reverence or prostrated themselves; the English draft takes the latter, which fits the context of supplication.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase ⲁⲩⲕⲱⲗϩ ⲉϧⲟⲩⲛ may mean either 'they entered and bowed' or 'they entered and prostrated themselves'; the reading taken is 'bowed down' as a gesture of supplication.","The clause ⲉⲧⲁϥⲥⲟⲩⲉⲛ ⲧⲟⲩⲥⲙⲏ ⲛⲁϥϩⲓ ⲙⲙⲟϥ ⲉⲡϭⲗⲟⲗ could be read as 'he recognized their voice and threw himself on the ground' or 'he recognized their voice and they threw him on the ground'; the former is adopted as consistent with Macarius's agency."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":57,"ref":"p57","source":"ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲉⲛϧⲓⲥⲓ ϥⲑⲣⲟ ⲙⲙⲟϥ ⲉϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲉϥϣⲟⲩⲓⲧ ⲁⲛⲁⲩ ⲅⲁⲣ ϫⲉ ϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲓϧⲓⲥⲓ\nⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲉⲧⲁⲛⲉⲛⲟⲩ ⲉϫⲱϥ ⲙⲡⲉⲥⲉⲣⲙⲉⲗⲗⲓⲥⲑⲁⲓ ⲛⲁϥ ⲁⲙⲟⲓ ⲛⲧⲉϥⲙⲟⲩ ϫⲉ\nϩⲓⲛⲁ ⲛⲧⲉⲛⲙⲧⲟⲛ ⲙⲙⲟⲛ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϩⲁ ⲡⲉϥⲭⲉⲓⲙⲱⲛ ⲁⲣⲏⲟⲩ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲙⲉⲛⲉⲛⲥⲁ\nⲡⲉϥⲙⲟⲩ ⲡⲁⲓⲙⲱⲓⲧ ⲛⲁϫⲱⲣ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ϥⲛⲁⲉⲣ ϣⲁϥⲉ ⲟⲛ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϩⲁ ⲛⲁⲓⲣⲱⲙⲓ ⲛⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲛⲁⲓ ⲙⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲛϣⲟⲣⲡ. ⲛⲑⲟϥ ⲇⲉ ⲉϥⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ ⲉⲛⲁⲓ ⲛⲁϥⲭⲱ\nⲛⲣⲱϥ ⲡⲉ ⲉϥⲙⲏⲛ ⲉϯⲡⲣⲟⲥⲉⲩⲭⲏ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁⲩϩⲟϫϩⲉϫ ⲛϫⲉ ⲛⲏ ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲙⲁⲩ\nϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓϣⲑⲟⲣⲧⲉⲣ ⲉⲧⲕⲱϯ ⲉⲣⲱⲟⲩ ⲧⲟⲧⲉ ⲁⲩⲉⲗ ⲱⲛⲓ ⲁⲩⲕⲱϣ ⲛⲥⲁ ⲡⲓⲣⲟ\nⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲟⲩⲇⲉ ⲙⲡⲁⲓⲕⲉⲣⲏϯ ⲙⲡⲉϥϯ ⲛϩⲑⲏϥ ⲉⲣⲱⲟⲩ. ⲉⲡϧⲁⲉ ⲇⲉ ⲁⲩⲉⲗ ⲱⲛⲓ\nⲁⲩⲥⲓϯ ⲉϧⲣⲏⲓ ⲉϯⲁⲩⲗⲏ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲣⲉ ⲡⲟⲥ ⲉⲣⲥⲕⲉⲡⲁⲍⲉⲓⲛ ⲙⲙⲟϥ ⲙⲡⲉ ϩⲗⲓ\nϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲓⲱⲛⲓ ⲁϥϧⲱⲛⲧ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ⲁϥⲟϩⲓ ⲉϥϩⲓ ⲙⲙⲟϥ ⲉⲡϭⲗⲟⲗ ϩⲱⲥ ⲉϥⲉⲛⲕⲟⲧ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲓⲟⲩⲁⲓ ⲡⲓⲟⲩⲁⲓ ⲙⲙⲱⲟⲩ ϫⲉ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲙⲉⲑⲙⲏⲓ ⲁϥⲙⲟⲩ ⲛϫⲉ\nⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁⲩϩⲓⲧⲟⲧⲟⲩ ⲁⲩⲣⲓⲙⲓ ϩⲱⲥ ⲉⲩⲣⲁϣⲓ ⲉϩⲣⲏⲓ ⲉϫⲉⲛ ⲡⲉϥⲙⲟⲩ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲩⲱϣ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ ⲛϫⲉ ϩⲁⲛ ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲓⲥⲛⲏⲟⲩ\nⲛⲁⲩϭⲟϫⲓ ⲡⲉ ⲛⲥⲁ ⲡⲓϧⲣⲱⲟⲩ ⲉⲛⲁⲩ ϫⲉ ⲟⲩ ⲡⲉ ⲉⲧϣⲟⲡ. ⲧⲟⲧⲉ ⲡⲓⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲁϥⲧⲱⲛϥ ⲁϥⲟϩⲓ ⲉⲣⲁⲧϥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲱⲟⲩ ϫⲉ ⲉⲣⲉ ⲡⲟ︦ⲥ︦ ⲉⲣⲉⲡⲓⲧⲓⲙⲁⲛ ⲛⲱⲧⲉⲛ ⲉⲁϥϥⲉⲧ ⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲗⲟⲗ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϩⲓϫⲉⲛ ⲡϩⲟ ⲙⲡⲕⲁϩⲓ ⲧⲏⲣϥ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲉⲗ","english":"and our labor, he troubled himself to be, if he was negligent. See, for among all the labors that we had done for him, he did not care for himself. Come, let us say that he is dead, so that we may rest from his trouble. For after his death, this path will become narrow, and he will again become a stranger from these holy men, these as before. But he, hearing these things, kept his mouth shut, continuing in prayer. And those there were troubled by the disturbance that surrounded them. Then they threw stones, they knocked on the door, and not even then did he pay attention to them. Finally, they threw stones, they cast them down into the courtyard, and while he was making the sign of the cross over himself, none of the stones hit him, but he placed himself on the ground as if he were sleeping. And each one of them said, \"In truth, Macarius has died.\" And they lifted up their hands, they wept as if rejoicing over his death, and they cried out. And when some of the brothers heard, they ran to the place to see what was happening. Then the holy one arose, stood up, and said to them, \"The Lord will rebuke you, for you have removed the veil from the face of the whole earth.\" And they threw","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The term ⲡⲓⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ (the holy one) refers to Macarius, consistent with the glossary rendering of ⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ as 'holy' and its use as a noun for a saint.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"external","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The demons' feigned mourning and stone-throwing reflect a hagiographic topos of demonic deception, testing the saint's steadfastness through false reports of death.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage concludes the demonic testing episode from the previous passage, with Macarius's prayer and sign of the cross repelling the stones, leading to the demons' false proclamation of his death.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲗⲟⲗ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϩⲓϫⲉⲛ ⲡϩⲟ ⲙⲡⲕⲁϩⲓ ⲧⲏⲣϥ","severity":"info","text":"Macarius's rebuke about removing the veil from the face of the whole earth echoes biblical imagery of unveiling or shame (cf. Isa 47:2; 2 Cor 3:14), though no direct citation is given.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁⲩⲉⲗ ⲱⲛⲓ","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase ⲁⲩⲉⲗ ⲱⲛⲓ (they threw stones) appears twice; the second instance may be a scribal duplication or a narrative intensification, but the Coptic text is not corrupt.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"external","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The motif of demons failing to harm a saint through stones is paralleled in other Coptic hagiographies, such as the Life of Antony, reinforcing Macarius's sanctity.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase ⲉⲣⲉ ⲡⲟⲥ ⲉⲣⲥⲕⲉⲡⲁⲍⲉⲓⲛ ⲙⲙⲟϥ (while he was making the sign of the cross over himself) is clear, but the preceding ⲉⲣⲉ ⲡⲟⲥ may be a scribal abbreviation for ⲡϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ (the Lord) or a misreading; the translation takes it as 'he' (Macarius).","The final clause ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲉⲗ (and they threw) is incomplete, likely continuing into the next passage."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":58,"ref":"p58","source":"ϣⲱ ⲁⲩⲥⲓϯ ⲉⲡⲓⲁⲏⲣ ⲉⲩⲱϣ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ϫⲉ ⲁⲕϭⲣⲟ ⲉⲣⲟⲛ ⲛⲉⲙ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲁⲓⲕⲉⲥⲟⲡ ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲛⲕⲁⲕⲟⲩⲣⲅⲟⲥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲉⲣⲉⲡⲓⲧⲓⲙⲁⲛ ⲛⲱⲟⲩ ⲛϫⲉ ⲡⲓⲣⲉϥϭⲣⲟ\nⲙⲫⲱⲥⲧⲏⲣ ϧⲉⲛ ⲫⲣⲁⲛ ⲙⲡⲟ︦ⲥ︦ ⲁⲩⲛⲟϣⲡⲟⲩ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲙⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲛϩⲁⲛ ϣϫⲏⲟⲩ.\nⲉⲧⲁ ϯϫⲟⲙ ⲇⲉ ⲉⲣ ϩⲏⲧⲥ ⲛⲭⲁϥ ⲛⲁⲩϯ ϩⲟ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ⲡⲉ ⲛϫⲉ ⲛⲓⲥⲛⲏⲟⲩ ϫⲉ\nϩⲓⲛⲁ ⲉϥⲛⲁⲙⲧⲟⲛ ⲛⲟⲩⲕⲟⲩϫⲓ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϩⲁ ⲡⲁϣⲁⲓ ⲛⲛⲓϧⲓⲥⲓ ⲉⲧⲉϥϯ ⲙⲙⲱⲟⲩ\nⲛⲁϥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲁϥϫⲱ ⲙⲙⲟⲥ ⲛⲱⲟⲩ ⲡⲉ ϫⲉ ⲉⲧⲓ ⲕⲉⲕⲟⲩϫⲓ ϩⲱⲃ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ ⲛⲁϭⲓ\nⲛⲟⲩϫⲱⲕ ⲡⲗⲏⲛ ϯϣⲉⲡ ϩⲙⲟⲧ ⲛⲧⲟⲧⲥ ⲛⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲡⲣⲟϩⲁⲓⲣⲉⲥⲓⲥ ϫⲉ ϯⲉⲙⲓ ⲉϯⲁⲅⲁⲡⲏ ⲉⲥϣⲟⲡ ϧⲉⲛ ⲑⲏⲛⲟⲩ ⲉϧⲟⲩⲛ ⲉⲣⲟⲓ ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ϧⲁ ⲡⲓϫⲱⲃ ⲁⲗⲏⲑⲱⲥ. ⲉϥϩⲉⲙⲥⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲟⲩⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ ϫⲉ ⲉϥⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱⲙ ⲉⲣⲉ ⲫⲣⲏ ⲛⲁϩⲱⲧⲡ ⲁϥⲓ ⲉϧⲟⲩⲛ\nⲛϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲁⲓ ϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲓⲙⲁⲑⲏⲧⲏⲥ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲁϥ ⲙⲡⲁⲓⲣⲏϯ ϫⲉ ⲓⲥ ⲟⲩⲣⲱⲙⲓ ⲥⲁⲃⲟⲗ ⲧⲁⲓ ⲉⲟⲩⲁⲝⲓⲱⲙⲁⲧⲓⲕⲟⲥ ⲡⲉ ⲉⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲕⲉⲁⲗⲟⲩ ⲛⲉⲙⲁϥ ⲙⲡⲥⲙⲟⲧ ⲛϩⲁⲛ\nϣⲁⲧ ⲛⲁⲑⲛⲁⲓ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲱⲟⲩ ϫⲉ ⲉⲩⲟⲩⲁϣ ⲟⲩ ⲓⲉ ⲉⲩⲕⲱϯ ⲛⲥⲁ ⲟⲩ.\nⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲓⲙⲁⲑⲏⲧⲏⲥ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ϯⲉⲙⲓ ⲁⲛ ϫⲉ ⲉⲩⲟⲩⲁϣ ⲟⲩ ⲓⲉ ⲉⲩⲕⲱϯ ⲛⲥⲁ ⲟⲩ.\nⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲁⲛⲓⲧⲟⲩ ⲉϧⲟⲩⲛ. ⲉⲧⲁϥⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲛϫⲉ ⲡⲓⲙⲁⲑⲏⲧⲏⲥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ","english":"They began to cry out against the elder, saying, \"You have prevailed over us again, you evil old man!\" And the one who had prevailed, the luminary, rebuked them in the name of the Lord, and they scattered like chaff.\n\nWhen the power had left him, the brothers were afraid of him, saying, \"So that he might rest a little from the multitude of the labors that he gives himself.\" And he was saying to them, \"Yet a little while, and all things will be completed. Nevertheless, I accept your good will, for I know the love that exists in you toward me, truly, for the work.\" And as he was sitting one day, about to eat at sunset, one of the disciples came in and said to him thus: \"Behold, a man outside, who is a dignitary, has a camel with him, in the manner of some barbarian nations.\" And he said to them, \"Do they want something, or are they seeking something?\" The disciple said to him, \"I do not know whether they want something or are seeking something.\" He said to him, \"Bring them in.\" When the disciple had gone out, and","structure":"dialogue","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲓⲣⲉϥϭⲣⲟ ⲙⲫⲱⲥⲧⲏⲣ","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'the one who had prevailed, the luminary' identifies Macarius as the victor in the dispute and as a spiritual light. ⲫⲱⲥⲧⲏⲣ (phōstēr) is a Greek loanword (φωστήρ) meaning 'light-giver' or 'luminary', a title for holy ascetics.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲅⲁⲡⲏ","severity":"info","text":"ⲁⲅⲁⲡⲏ (agapē) here refers to the love the brothers have for Macarius, not the liturgical meal. The context of 'good will' and 'toward me' supports the general sense of Christian love.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ϩⲙⲟⲧ","severity":"info","text":"ϩⲙⲟⲧ (hmot) is rendered 'grace' in the glossary, but here Macarius says 'I accept your good will' (ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲡⲣⲟϩⲁⲓⲣⲉⲥⲓⲥ). The term is used in a human context of favour or goodwill, not divine grace.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲟⲩⲁⲝⲓⲱⲙⲁⲧⲓⲕⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"ⲟⲩⲁⲝⲓⲱⲙⲁⲧⲓⲕⲟⲥ (axiōmatikos) is a Greek loanword (ἀξιωματικός) meaning 'dignitary' or 'official'. It indicates a person of rank, possibly a Roman or Byzantine civil servant, visiting the hermit.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ϣⲁⲧ ⲛⲁⲑⲛⲁⲓ","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'in the manner of some barbarian nations' (ϣⲁⲧ ⲛⲁⲑⲛⲁⲓ) likely refers to non-Roman peoples, possibly Bedouin or Nubian tribes, who used camels. This reflects the multicultural setting of the Egyptian desert.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage is a dialogue unit, as classified. It contains direct speech from the brothers, Macarius, and a disciple, with narrative framing. The shift from conflict to a visitor scene marks a new episode.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of 'the one who had prevailed' is not explicitly named in the Coptic, but the context and the title 'luminary' strongly suggest Macarius.","The phrase 'when the power had left him' (ⲉⲧⲁ ϯϫⲟⲙ ⲇⲉ ⲉⲣ ϩⲏⲧⲥ ⲛⲭⲁϥ) is ambiguous: it may refer to Macarius losing physical strength after rebuking the brothers, or to a spiritual power receding.","The Coptic ⲛⲁⲑⲛⲁⲓ (nathnai) is uncertain; it may be a variant of ⲛⲁⲑⲛⲁ (nathna) meaning 'barbarian' or a corruption of a specific ethnonym."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[{"kind":"structure","severity":"info","label":"dialogue","text":"Classified as dialogue from the Coptic cues."}]},{"i":59,"ref":"p59","source":"ⲉⲧⲁϥϫⲟⲥ ⲛⲱⲟⲩ ⲙⲡⲟⲩϫⲓ ⲉϧⲟⲩⲛ. ⲧⲟⲧⲉ ⲁϥⲓ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲛϫⲉ ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲟⲩⲟϩ\nⲉⲧⲁϥⲉⲙⲓ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲡ︦ⲛ︦ⲁ︦ ϫⲉ ⲛⲓⲙ ⲡⲉ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲙⲡⲓⲙⲁⲑⲏⲧⲏⲥ ϫⲉ ⲙⲁϣⲉ ⲛⲁⲕ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁϥϩⲉⲙⲥⲓ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲙⲡⲓⲣⲱⲙⲓ ϫⲉ ⲉⲕⲕⲱϯ ⲛⲥⲁ ⲟⲩ. ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲓⲣⲱⲙⲓ\nϫⲉ ⲡⲁⲓⲁⲗⲟⲩ ⲡⲁϣⲏⲣⲓ ⲡⲉ ⲉⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲟⲩⲁⲣⲭⲟⲛⲧⲓⲕⲟⲛ ⲛⲉⲙⲁϥ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲫⲣⲏϯ\nⲛⲑⲟϥ ⲉⲧⲉϥϫⲱ ⲙⲙⲟⲥ ⲛϫⲉ ⲡⲓⲇⲁⲓⲙⲱⲛ ϫⲉ ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲟⲩⲁⲣⲭⲱⲛ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲛⲓⲗⲉⲅⲓⲱⲛ ⲉϥⲣⲱϧⲧ ⲙⲙⲟϥ ⲉϧⲣⲏⲓ ⲛⲇ︦ ⲓⲉ ⲉ̄ ⲛⲥⲟⲡ ⲙⲙⲏⲛⲓ ⲉϥϭⲟϫϭⲉϫ ⲙⲙⲟϥ\nⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲓⲟⲗϥ ϩⲁ ⲟⲩⲙⲏϣ ⲛⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ϧⲉⲛ ⲧⲁⲭⲱⲣⲁ ⲙⲡⲉϥⲧⲁⲗϭⲟ ⲉϥⲥⲱⲗⲡ\nⲛⲥⲁ ⲛⲉϥϩⲃⲱⲥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ ⲛⲥⲁ ⲛⲉϥⲥⲁⲣⲝ ⲙⲙⲓⲛ ⲙⲙⲟϥ ⲉⲑⲃⲉ ⲫⲁⲓ\nⲅⲁⲣ ⲁⲓϯ ⲛⲛⲁⲓϩⲃⲱⲥ ⲛⲁⲡⲁⲥ ϩⲓⲱⲧϥ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲡⲱⲥ\nⲁⲕⲉⲣⲧⲟⲗⲙⲁⲛ ⲁⲕⲉⲗ ⲧⲁⲓϧⲉⲗϣⲁⲓⲣⲓ ⲉⲡⲁⲓⲙⲁ ⲛϣⲁϥⲉ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲙⲡⲉⲕⲕⲏⲛ\nⲉⲣⲟⲕ ⲉⲫⲁⲓ ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ⲁⲕⲉⲣ ⲡⲕⲉϫⲉ ⲙⲉⲑⲛⲟⲩϫ ⲉⲡⲓⲡ︦ⲛ︦ⲁ︦ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲓϩⲙⲟⲧ ⲑⲁⲓ\nⲅⲁⲣ ⲧϣⲉⲣⲓ ⲛⲁⲅⲁⲑⲟⲛⲓⲕⲟⲥ ⲧⲉ ⲡⲓⲉⲡⲁⲣⲭⲟⲥ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲁⲛⲧⲓⲟⲭⲉⲓⲁ ⲉⲁⲕⲓ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ\nⲛⲉⲙⲁⲥ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲙⲁ ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲙⲁⲩ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲉⲧϩⲏⲡ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲛⲓϣϯ ⲙⲫⲁⲛⲧⲁⲥⲓⲁ\nⲛⲁⲓ ⲉⲧⲁⲕⲥⲟϫⲡⲟⲩ ϯⲛⲟⲩ ⲥⲁ ⲫⲁϩⲟⲩ ϩⲓ ⲡⲓⲧⲱⲟⲩ ϧⲉⲛ ϯⲥⲧⲣⲁⲧⲁ ⲉⲁⲕⲉⲛ ⲑⲁⲓ\nⲉⲡⲁⲓⲙⲁ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲁⲓⲥⲭⲏⲙⲁ ϫⲉ ⲛⲛⲉ ϩⲗⲓ ⲉⲙⲓ ⲉⲣⲱⲧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲕⲁⲗⲱⲥ ⲁⲕⲁⲓⲥ\nⲉⲑⲃⲉ ⲡⲓⲥⲕⲁⲛⲇⲁⲗⲟⲛ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲁⲓ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ ⲉⲣⲱⲟⲩ ⲛϫⲉ ⲡⲓⲣⲱⲙⲓ ⲁϥⲥⲑⲉⲣⲧⲉⲣ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁϥϩⲉⲓ ⲉϫⲉⲛ ⲡⲉϥϩⲟ ϧⲁⲣⲁⲧⲟⲩ ⲛⲛⲉϥϭⲁⲗⲁⲩϫ. ⲧⲟⲧⲉ ⲡⲉϫⲉ\nⲡⲓⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲧⲱⲛⲕ ⲙⲡⲉⲣⲉⲣ ϩⲟϯ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲙⲡⲉⲣⲟⲩⲁϩ ⲧⲟⲧⲕ ⲉϫⲉ ⲙⲉⲑⲛⲟⲩϫ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲓⲣⲱⲙⲓ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ϯϩⲟ ⲉⲣⲟⲕ ⲡⲁⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲟⲩⲃⲱⲕ\nⲛⲧⲉ ⲧⲁⲓⲁⲗⲟⲩ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲉⲣⲕⲉⲗⲉⲩⲉⲓⲛ ⲛⲏⲓ ⲛϫⲉ ⲡⲉⲥⲓⲱⲧ\nⲓⲥϫⲉⲛ ⲧⲁⲭⲱⲣⲁ ⲁⲓⲓⲣⲓ ⲙⲡⲁⲓⲣⲏϯ ⲕⲁⲓ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲟⲩⲣⲉⲙ ⲛϩⲱⲃ.","english":"When he had spoken to them, they did not enter. Then the old man came out, and when he perceived in the spirit who it was, he said to the disciple, \"Go.\" And when he had sat down, he said to the man, \"Whom are you seeking?\" The man said, \"This young man is my son, and he has an archon with him in the same manner as he himself.\" The demon says, \"I am an archon of the legions, who clothes himself in the form of a man many times daily, and I have cast him under a multitude of saints in his own region, stripping him of his garments and devouring his own flesh. For this reason I have given these garments to Apa S. upon him.\" And the old man said to him, \"How did you dare to bring this young girl to this desert place, and you did not hide yourself from this, but you did the opposite of the spirit of grace? For this is the daughter of Agathonikos, the eparch of Antioch, whom you brought out with her from that place in secret, with great fantasy, these whom you have now hidden behind the mountain in the army, having brought her to this place in this guise so that no one would know you. And you have done well concerning the scandal.\" And when the man heard these things, he trembled and fell on his face at the feet of the old man. Then the saint said to him, \"Rise, do not fear, and do not surrender yourself to the opposite of the spirit.\" And the man said to him, \"I am ashamed before you, my father, for I am a servant of this young man, and according to the command given to me by her father, from the region I have acted in this manner, for I am a man of business.","structure":"dialogue","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲓⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic ⲡⲓⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ (from Greek ἅγιος) is rendered 'the saint' here, referring to Macarius. The term is adjectival but with the article functions as a noun, as per the pinned glossary.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁⲣⲭⲱⲛ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲛⲓⲗⲉⲅⲓⲱⲛ","severity":"info","text":"The demon claims to be an 'archon of the legions,' a title echoing military and demonological hierarchies in late antique Christian literature, where demons are often depicted as commanding legions of lesser spirits.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁⲅⲁⲑⲟⲛⲓⲕⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"Agathonikos, the eparch of Antioch, is a figure otherwise unknown in the Macarian corpus. The mention of Antioch and an eparch (provincial governor) situates the narrative within the late Roman administrative context, possibly reflecting a historical or legendary figure.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage is a dialogue between Macarius, a possessed man, and a demon, with a narrative frame. The demon's speech is embedded within the man's reported words, creating a layered exchange typical of hagiographic exorcism narratives.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁⲡⲁⲥ","severity":"caution","text":"The name ⲁⲡⲁⲥ (Apa S.) is ambiguous; the Coptic text has ⲁⲡⲁⲥ, which may be a proper name or a scribal abbreviation. The English draft renders it as 'Apa S.', but the identity is uncertain.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The motif of a demon stripping a man of his garments and devouring his own flesh is a vivid hagiographic trope, later echoed in Coptic and Byzantine demonological literature, emphasizing the saint's power to expose and expel evil.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of ⲁⲡⲁⲥ (Apa S.) is unclear; it may be a proper name or an abbreviation. The phrase 'ⲡⲓⲇⲁⲓⲙⲱⲛ' (the demon) is introduced abruptly, possibly indicating a shift in speaker from the man to the demon within the same speech. The location 'behind the mountain in the army' (ϩⲓ ⲡⲓⲧⲱⲟⲩ ϧⲉⲛ ϯⲥⲧⲣⲁⲧⲁ) is ambiguous, possibly a military camp or a metaphorical army of demons."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[{"kind":"structure","severity":"info","label":"dialogue","text":"Classified as dialogue from the Coptic cues."}]},{"i":60,"ref":"p60","source":"ⲟⲩⲟϩ\nⲉⲧⲁϥⲙⲟⲩϯ ⲛϫⲉ ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲁⲩⲓⲛⲓ ⲛⲁϥ ⲛⲟⲩⲛⲉϩ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲟϩⲓ ⲉⲣⲁⲧϥ\nⲁϥϣⲗⲏⲗ ⲉϫⲉⲛ ϯⲁⲗⲟⲩ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲡⲓⲛⲉϩ ⲉⲟⲩⲥⲟⲡ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲉⲣⲥⲫⲣⲁⲅⲓⲍⲉⲓⲛ\nⲛⲧⲉⲥⲧⲉϩⲛⲓ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲛⲉⲥⲙⲁϣϫ ⲁϥⲧⲏⲓⲥ ⲛⲁϥ ⲉⲥⲧⲁⲗϭⲏⲟⲩⲧ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ\nⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲉⲕⲛⲁⲫⲟϩ ⲉⲛⲉⲕϣⲫⲉⲣ ⲙⲡⲉⲣⲟϩⲓ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲁⲓⲧⲱⲟⲩ ⲙⲡⲁⲓⲉϫⲱⲣϩ\nⲉⲑⲃⲉ ⲡⲁϣⲁⲓ ⲛⲛⲓϩⲓⲟⲙⲓ ⲉⲧϭⲱⲣⲉⲙ ⲛⲉⲙⲱⲧⲉⲛ ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ⲙⲁϣⲉ ⲛⲁⲕ ⲉⲭⲏⲙⲓ\nⲉⲟⲩⲙⲁ ⲉϥϧⲉⲛⲧ ⲉⲣⲟⲛ ϣⲁⲧⲉ ⲛⲉⲕⲧⲉⲃⲛⲱⲟⲩⲓ ϫⲉⲙ ⲛⲟⲙϯ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲛⲉⲕⲕⲉⲣⲱⲙⲓ\nⲓⲥ ϩⲏⲡⲡⲉ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲉⲑⲃⲉ ⲫⲛⲁϩϯ ⲙⲡⲉⲥⲓⲱⲧ ⲉϧⲟⲩⲛ ⲉⲛⲓⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲧⲉϥⲡⲓⲥⲧⲓⲥ\nⲉⲧⲥⲟⲩⲧⲱⲛ ⲉϧⲟⲩⲛ ⲉⲛⲓⲟϯ ⲛⲉⲙ ϯⲟⲣⲑⲟⲇⲟⲝⲓⲁ ⲁ ⲡⲟ︦ⲥ︦ ⲉⲣ ϩⲙⲟⲧ ⲛϯⲁⲗⲟⲩ\nⲙⲡⲓⲧⲁⲗϭⲟ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ ϯⲡⲉⲓⲣⲁ ⲭⲛⲁⲉⲙⲓ ⲉⲡⲓϩⲱⲃ ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕϣⲉ ⲛⲁⲕ\nⲉⲧⲉⲕⲭⲱⲣⲁ. ⲉⲧⲁϥⲙⲟⲩϯ ⲇⲉ ⲛϫⲉ ⲡⲓⲣⲱⲙⲓ ⲉϩⲁⲛ ⲕⲉⲭⲱⲟⲩⲛⲓ ϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲉϥϣⲫⲉⲣ ⲛⲉⲃⲓⲁⲓⲕ ⲉⲩⲟϩⲓ ⲉⲣⲁⲧⲟⲩ ϩⲓ ⲫⲟⲩⲉⲓ ⲁⲩⲓⲛⲓ ⲛⲁϥ ⲛⲟⲩⲥⲟⲕ ⲉⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲇ","english":"And when the old man had called, they brought him a jar of oil. And when he had stood up, he prayed over the girl and the oil at once, and when he had made the sign of the cross over her forehead and her ears, he gave her to him healed. And he said to him, \"You will not find your companions in this mountain of this district, because of the multitude of women who are weeping with you. But go to Egypt, to a place that is hidden from us, until your cattle find pasture and your other men. For behold, it is because of the faith of the father towards the saints and his right faith towards the fathers and the orthodoxy that the Lord has granted the healing of the girl. And through this experience you will know the matter of the place to which you will go in your country.\" And when the man had called some other monks among his companions who were standing outside, they brought him a sack which was open.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲡⲓⲥⲧⲓⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The term ⲡⲓⲥⲧⲓⲥ (Greek πίστις) is rendered 'faith' but in this context carries the sense of 'faithfulness' or 'reliability' rather than mere intellectual assent, as it is paired with 'orthodoxy' (ⲟⲣⲑⲟⲇⲟⲝⲓⲁ) to describe the father's correct religious stance.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ϩⲙⲟⲧ","severity":"info","text":"The word ϩⲙⲟⲧ is rendered 'grace' (unearned divine favour). Here it is used in the phrase ⲁ ⲡⲟ︦ⲥ︦ ⲉⲣ ϩⲙⲟⲧ, 'the Lord granted grace', indicating a divine act of healing.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ϣⲗⲏⲗ","severity":"info","text":"The verb ϣⲗⲏⲗ means 'to pray'. In this passage, Macarius prays over the girl and the oil, a typical hagiographic motif where prayer accompanies a healing ritual.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"external","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The mention of 'the faith of the father towards the saints' and 'orthodoxy' reflects the post-Chalcedonian Coptic emphasis on correct doctrine as a prerequisite for miraculous healing, a common theme in Coptic hagiography.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage concludes the healing episode with a speech by Macarius that combines a directive (go to Egypt) with a theological explanation (healing granted due to faith and orthodoxy), followed by a new action (the man calls other monks).","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase ⲉⲟⲩⲥⲟⲡ (at once) could mean 'together' or 'simultaneously', but the sense is that the prayer covered both the girl and the oil at the same time.","The identity of 'the man' who calls other monks is ambiguous: it could be the father of the girl or another figure; the context suggests it is the father."],"confidence":"high","notes":[{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲡⲓⲥⲧⲓⲥ","text":"ⲡⲓⲥⲧⲓⲥ → “faith”. Greek πίστις; 'faithfulness' where the sense is reliability rather than assent."},{"kind":"homonym","severity":"caution","term":"ⲡⲓⲥⲧⲓⲥ","text":"ⲡⲓⲥⲧⲓⲥ carries more than one sense (belief, faithfulness); this passage takes it as “faith”. The choice is the translator's, not a lexical given."}]},{"i":61,"ref":"p61","source":"ⲛϣⲟ ⲛⲛⲟⲙⲓⲥⲙⲁ ⲛϧⲏⲧϥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁ ⲡⲓⲣⲱⲙⲓ ⲟⲗϥ ⲁϥⲥⲱⲟⲩⲧⲉⲛ ⲙⲙⲟϥ\nⲉⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲉϥϫⲱ ⲙⲙⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ϯϯϩⲟ ⲉⲣⲟⲕ ⲡⲁⲟ︦ⲥ︦ ⲛⲓⲱⲧ ϫⲉ ϩⲓⲛⲁ ⲉⲕⲉⲉⲣⲇⲉⲭⲉⲓⲛ ⲛⲧⲁⲓⲕⲟⲩϫⲓ ⲛⲉⲩⲗⲟⲅⲓⲁ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲁⲟ︦ⲥ︦ ⲇ︦ ⲛϣⲟ ⲛⲛⲟⲙⲓⲥⲙⲁ ϫⲉ ϩⲓⲛⲁ\nⲉⲕⲉϭⲱⲟⲩ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲛⲛⲓϩⲏⲕⲓ. ⲛⲑⲟϥ ⲇⲉ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲡⲁϣⲏⲣⲓ ⲙⲡⲁⲩϯ\nⲛϯⲇⲱⲣⲉⲁ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲟ︦ⲥ︦ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϩⲁ ⲟⲩⲧⲓⲙⲏ ⲟⲩⲇⲉ ⲛⲧⲉⲛⲉⲣ ⲭⲣⲉⲓⲁ ⲟⲛ ⲛϩⲱⲃ\nⲙⲡⲁⲓⲥⲙⲟⲧ ⲙⲡⲁⲓⲙⲁ ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ⲙⲁϣⲉ ⲛⲁⲕ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩϩⲉⲓⲣⲏⲛⲏ ϣⲁ ⲛⲏ\nⲉⲧⲁⲩⲟⲩⲟⲣⲡⲕ. ⲉⲧⲁϥⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϩⲓⲧⲟⲧϥ ⲛϫⲉ ⲡⲓⲣⲱⲙⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ϩⲱⲥ ⲉϥⲁⲣⲉϩ\nⲉⲛⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲙⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲙⲡⲉϥⲉⲛⲕⲟⲧ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲧⲱⲟⲩ ϣⲁⲧⲉϥⲫⲟϩ ⲉⲭⲏⲙⲓ\nⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲉⲙⲓ ϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ ϯⲡⲉⲓⲣⲁ ϫⲉ ϯⲁⲗⲟⲩ ⲧⲁⲗϭⲟ ⲁϥϣⲉ ⲛⲁϥ ⲉⲧⲉϥⲭⲱⲣⲁ ⲉϥⲣⲁϣⲓ ⲉϥϯ ⲱⲟⲩ ⲙⲫϯ. ⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲕⲏⲛ ⲇⲉ ⲉⲣⲟⲛ ϣⲁ ⲡⲁⲓⲙⲁ ⲉⲧⲁⲛϫⲟⲧⲟⲩ ⲉⲑⲃⲉ ϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲙⲉⲧⲁⲧϫⲟⲙ ⲧⲉ ⲉϭⲓ ⲏⲡⲓ ⲛⲛⲓϫⲟⲙ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲛⲓⲧⲁⲗϭⲟ ⲉⲧⲁ\nⲡⲟ︦ⲥ︦ ⲉⲣⲉⲛⲉⲣⲅⲉⲓⲛ ⲙⲙⲱⲟⲩ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϩⲓⲧⲟⲧϥ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲡⲁϣⲁⲓ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲛⲉϥⲡⲟⲗⲓⲧⲉⲓⲁ ⲙⲁⲗⲓⲥⲧⲁ ⲁⲩⲥϧⲉ ϩⲁⲛ ⲕⲉϩⲃⲏⲟⲩⲓ ⲛⲧⲁϥ ϩⲓ ϩⲁⲛ ⲕⲉϫⲱⲙ. ⲡⲓⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲇⲉ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲁϥϩⲣⲟϣ ϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓϣⲱⲛⲓ ⲉⲙⲁϣⲱ ϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ\nⲡⲁϣⲁⲓ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲓⲭⲣⲟⲛⲟⲥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁ ⲧⲉϥⲥⲁⲣⲝ ⲙⲟⲩⲛⲕ ⲥⲭⲉⲇⲟⲛ ϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ ⲛⲓϧⲓⲥⲓ\nⲉⲧⲉϥϯ ⲙⲙⲱⲟⲩ ⲛⲁϥ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲉⲧϩⲏⲡ ⲕⲁⲓ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲧⲡⲣⲁⲅⲙⲁⲧⲉⲓⲁ ⲧⲏⲣⲥ ⲛⲧⲉ\nⲛⲉϥⲡⲟⲗⲓⲧⲉⲓⲁ ⲙⲡⲉϥⲭⲁ ϩⲗⲓ ⲉⲉⲙⲓ ⲉⲡⲉϥϩⲱⲃ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩϫⲱⲕ ϣⲁ ⲡⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ\nⲙⲡⲉϥⲙⲟⲩ ⲉⲑⲃⲉ ϫⲉ ⲛⲁϥⲁⲣⲉϩ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ⲉⲙⲁϣⲱ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϩⲁ ⲡⲓⲟⲟⲩ ⲛⲛⲓⲣⲱⲙⲓ\nⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲉⲣ ⲛⲕⲉⲟⲩⲁϩⲥⲁϩⲛⲓ ⲛⲁϥ ϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲭⲉⲣⲟⲩⲃⲓⲙ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲛⲉⲙⲁϥ ⲓⲥϫⲉⲛ ϯⲁⲣⲭⲏ.","english":"the hundred nomismata within him, and when the man had taken it, he stretched it out to the old man, saying, \"I give honor to you, my lord father, so that you may receive this small blessing of my lord, the hundred nomismata, so that you may distribute them to the poor.\" But he said to him, \"My son, do not give the gift of the Lord in exchange for a price, nor have we need of such a thing in this place, but go in peace to those who sent you.\" And when the man had taken it from his hand, as if he were keeping the words of the old man, he did not return to the mountain until he reached Egypt. And when he learned through experience that the girl was healed, he went to his country rejoicing and giving glory to God. Now we have come to this place where we have recounted these things because it is impossible to take hold of the powers and the healings that the Lord works through him, and the multitude of his ascetic practices, especially since other deeds of his have been written in other books. But the holy Abba Macarius grew weary through illness greatly, through the multitude of time, and his flesh withered almost completely through the sufferings that he gave himself in secret, for indeed the entire practice of his asceticism did not leave anyone to know his work completely until the day of his death, because he guarded himself greatly from the glory of men, according to the manner in which the cherubim had commanded him from the beginning.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲉⲩⲗⲟⲅⲓⲁ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic ⲉⲩⲗⲟⲅⲓⲁ (from Greek εὐλογία) here refers to the concrete sense of a blessed gift, specifically the hundred nomismata offered to Macarius.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲉⲓⲣⲏⲛⲏ","severity":"info","text":"The phrase ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩϩⲉⲓⲣⲏⲛⲏ ('in peace') is a liturgical formula, not a comment on civil order, used here as a dismissal blessing.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲛϣⲟ ⲛⲛⲟⲙⲓⲥⲙⲁ","severity":"info","text":"The 'hundred nomismata' (ⲛϣⲟ ⲛⲛⲟⲙⲓⲥⲙⲁ) refers to a substantial sum of gold coins, the standard Byzantine solidus, indicating a significant charitable offering.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲓⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲇⲉ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The passage notes that other deeds of Macarius are recorded in other books, indicating a broader hagiographic tradition and the selective nature of this account.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲓⲭⲉⲣⲟⲩⲃⲓⲙ","severity":"caution","text":"The reference to a cherubim (ⲡⲓⲭⲉⲣⲟⲩⲃⲓⲙ) commanding Macarius from the beginning is ambiguous; it may allude to a lost earlier episode or a visionary encounter not preserved in this text.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of the 'cherubim' who commanded Macarius is not explained in this passage; it may refer to a lost earlier narrative or a symbolic figure.","The phrase 'the entire practice of his asceticism did not leave anyone to know his work completely' suggests a deliberate concealment, but the extent of this secrecy is left open."],"confidence":"high","notes":[{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲉⲩⲗⲟⲅⲓⲁ","text":"ⲉⲩⲗⲟⲅⲓⲁ → “blessing”. Greek εὐλογία. In monastic and liturgical texts the concrete sense is the blessed bread given to visitors; the abstract sense is a blessing."},{"kind":"homonym","severity":"caution","term":"ⲉⲩⲗⲟⲅⲓⲁ","text":"ⲉⲩⲗⲟⲅⲓⲁ carries more than one sense (doxology, eulogia (blessed bread)); this passage takes it as “blessing”. The choice is the translator's, not a lexical given."}]},{"i":62,"ref":"p62","source":"ⲗⲟⲓⲡⲟⲛ ⲁ ⲛⲉϥⲃⲁⲗ ⲉⲣ ϩⲏⲧⲥ ⲛⲉⲣ ϩⲗⲟⲗ\nⲉⲁⲩⲙⲟⲩⲛⲕ ⲉϧⲟⲩⲛ ϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ ⲡⲁϣⲁⲓ ⲛⲛⲓⲁⲥⲕⲏⲥⲓⲥ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲡⲥⲏⲟⲩ ⲛϯⲙⲉⲧϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲛⲁϥⲛϩⲣⲏⲓ ⲅⲁⲣ ϥ︦ⲍ︦ ⲛⲣⲟⲙⲡⲓ ⲉϥⲛⲁⲙⲟⲩ. ϧⲉⲛ ⲫⲁⲓ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲕⲟⲩϫⲓ\nⲕⲟⲩϫⲓ ⲁϥⲭⲁ ϫⲟⲙ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁϥⲉⲣ ϩⲏⲧⲥ ⲛⲉⲛⲕⲟⲧ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲁϥϩⲓ ϭⲗⲁ ⲉϥϩⲏⲗ\nⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉϥⲛⲏⲟⲩ ⲉϧⲟⲩⲛ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲩⲕⲱϯ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ⲙⲡⲕⲱϯ ⲛϫⲉ ⲛⲓⲥⲛⲏⲟⲩ\nⲛⲁϥϯ ⲛⲟⲙϯ ⲛⲱⲟⲩ ⲡⲉ ⲡⲓⲟⲩⲁⲓ ⲡⲓⲟⲩⲁⲓ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲡⲉϥϩⲱⲃ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲁϥϫⲱ\nⲙⲙⲟⲥ ⲛⲱⲟⲩ ⲡⲉ ϫⲉ ⲓⲥ ⲡⲁⲓⲥⲏⲟⲩ ⲧⲏⲣϥ ϯⲛⲉⲙⲱⲧⲉⲛ ⲡⲟ︦ⲥ︦ ⲉⲧⲥⲱⲟⲩⲛ ϫⲉ\nⲙⲡⲓϩⲟⲡⲧ ⲉⲣⲱⲧⲉⲛ ⲉϣⲧⲉⲙⲧⲁⲙⲱⲧⲉⲛ ⲉⲡⲉⲧⲉⲣ ⲛⲟϥⲣⲓ ⲛⲛⲉⲧⲉⲛⲯⲩⲭⲏ ⲕⲁⲓ\nⲅⲁⲣ ⲁⲓⲉⲣ ⲁⲛⲧⲟⲧ ⲛⲟⲩⲉϣⲉ ⲛⲉⲣⲥⲕⲁⲛⲇⲁⲗⲓⲍⲉⲥⲑⲁⲓ ⲛⲟⲩⲕⲟⲩϫⲓ ⲓⲉ ⲟⲩⲛⲓϣϯ","english":"Then his eyes became fixed and glazed, having been hollowed out by the extent of his ascetic practices and the length of his old age; for he was ninety-seven years old and about to die. In this, little by little, he grew weak and became bedridden, and he lay down, unable to get up, and he would come and go, and the brothers would gather around him. They would give him a little of their own food, each according to his work, and he would say to them, \"Behold, all this time I have been with you, O Lord who knows that I have not hidden anything from you, lest I fail to inform you of what is beneficial for your souls. For indeed, I have acted as a guide for a hundred, not to scandalize anyone, whether small or great.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"sense","kind":"sense","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic describes Macarius's eyes as 'fixed and glazed' (ⲉⲣ ϩⲏⲧⲥ ⲛⲉⲣ ϩⲗⲟⲗ), indicating his physical decline before death.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲥⲕⲏⲥⲓⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Greek loanword ⲁⲥⲕⲏⲥⲓⲥ (askēsis) denotes ascetic practices, a central theme in Coptic hagiography.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"dating","kind":"chronology","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"Macarius is said to be 97 years old (ϥ︦ⲍ︦ ⲛⲣⲟⲙⲡⲓ) and near death, providing a chronological marker for his life's end.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage shifts from narrative of Macarius's physical decline to his direct speech, a common hagiographic pattern to convey spiritual teaching.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase 'he would come and go' (ⲉϥⲛⲏⲟⲩ ⲉϧⲟⲩⲛ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲩⲕⲱϯ) is ambiguous: it may refer to his mental state or physical movement, but the context suggests he is bedridden.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase 'he would come and go' (ⲉϥⲛⲏⲟⲩ ⲉϧⲟⲩⲛ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲩⲕⲱϯ) is ambiguous: it may indicate mental wandering or physical movement, but the context of being bedridden suggests the former."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":63,"ref":"p63","source":"ⲟⲩⲇⲉ ⲙⲡⲓⲉⲛⲕⲟⲧ ⲉⲛⲉϩ ⲉⲣⲉ ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲟⲩⲁⲣⲓⲕⲓ ⲟⲩⲧⲱⲓ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲟⲩⲁⲓ ⲟⲩⲇⲉ ⲧⲁⲥⲩⲛⲉⲓⲇⲏⲥⲓⲥ ⲙⲡⲓⲉⲣⲕⲁⲧⲁⲫⲣⲟⲡⲉⲓⲛ ⲙⲙⲟⲥ ϧⲉⲛ ϩⲗⲓ ⲛϩⲱⲃ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲫϯ ϫⲉ\nϩⲓⲛⲁ ⲉⲥⲉⲥⲟϩⲓ ⲙⲙⲟⲓ ϧⲁⲣⲓ ϧⲁⲣⲟⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲁⲙⲉⲓ ⲉϧⲟⲩⲛ ⲉⲫϯ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲛⲁϣⲫⲉⲣ\nⲡⲟ︦ⲥ︦ ⲉⲧⲥⲱⲟⲩⲛ ⲙⲙⲟϥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲧⲁⲁⲅⲁⲡⲏ ⲉϧⲟⲩⲛ ⲉⲡⲓⲥⲱⲛⲧ ⲧⲏⲣϥ ⲫ︦ϯ︦ ⲡⲉⲧⲉⲙⲓ\nⲉⲣⲟⲥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲑⲟϥ ⲡⲟ︦ⲥ︦ ϥⲉⲣ ⲙⲉⲑⲣⲉ ⲛⲉⲙⲏⲓ ϫⲉ ⲙⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲉⲧⲁϥϫⲟⲥ ⲛⲏⲓ\nⲛⲟⲩⲥⲏⲟⲩ ϫⲉ ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕⲫⲟϩ ⲉⲡϣⲓ ⲛⲛⲓϩⲓⲟⲙⲓ ⲙⲡⲓⲥⲧⲏ ⲉⲧϧⲉⲛ ⲁϣ ⲙⲙⲁ\nϧⲉⲛ ⲧⲉⲕⲡⲟⲗⲓⲧⲉⲓⲁ ⲡⲁⲓⲣⲏϯ ⲡⲉ ⲉϯⲉⲣⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲁⲛ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ϣⲁ ⲉϧⲟⲩⲛ ⲉϯⲛⲟⲩ\nⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲓⲕⲉϭⲣⲟ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲉⲧⲁⲓϭⲓⲧⲟⲩ ϧⲁ ⲛⲓⲇⲁⲓⲙⲱⲛ ϥⲥⲱⲟⲩⲛ ⲛϫⲉ ⲡⲉϥϩⲙⲟⲧ ϫⲉ ⲙⲡⲓⲙⲉⲩⲓ ⲉⲣⲟⲓ ⲉⲛⲉϩ ϫⲉ ⲁⲓⲉⲣ ϩⲗⲓ ϧⲉⲛ ⲧⲁϫⲟⲙ ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ⲡⲓϭⲣⲟ\nⲛⲉⲙ ⲡⲓⲛⲁⲓ ⲛⲉⲙ ϯⲃⲟⲏⲑⲉⲓⲁ ⲛⲁ ϯⲙⲉⲧⲣⲉϥϯ ⲧⲟⲧⲥ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲧⲉϥϫⲟⲙ ⲧⲉ. ⲗⲟⲓⲡⲟⲛ ⲛⲁⲥⲛⲏⲟⲩ ⲥⲣⲱϥⲧ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲣⲓ ⲛⲏⲫⲉⲓⲛ ϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲏⲓ ⲕⲉⲕⲟⲩϫⲓ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ\nⲥⲉⲛⲁⲟⲩⲟⲑⲃⲉϥ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ.\nⲛⲁⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲉⲩⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ ⲉⲣⲱⲟⲩ ⲛϫⲉ ⲛⲓⲥⲛⲏⲟⲩ ⲙⲁⲗⲓⲥⲧⲁ ⲉⲩⲛⲁⲩ ⲉϯⲙⲉⲧⲁⲧϫⲟⲙ ⲉⲧⲉϥϣⲟⲡ ⲛϧⲏⲧⲥ ⲁⲩϯ ϩⲣⲁⲩ ⲉⲡϣⲱⲓ ⲁⲩⲣⲓⲙⲓ ϩⲱⲥⲧⲉ ⲉϥⲛⲁⲥⲟϫⲡⲟⲩ\nⲛⲧⲉϥϣⲉ ⲛⲁϥ ⲛⲧⲉϥⲭⲁⲩ ⲉⲩⲟⲓ ⲛⲟⲣⲫⲁⲛⲟⲥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲁⲗⲓⲛ ⲛⲁϥϯ ⲛⲟⲙϯ\nⲛⲱⲟⲩ ⲉⲑⲣⲟⲩⲭⲁ ⲣⲱⲟⲩ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲁϥϫⲱ ⲙⲙⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲁⲕⲙⲏⲛ ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϥⲓ ⲛϫⲉ","english":"And he never slept, for he had a covenant with one another, and his conscience never despised it in any matter according to God, so that it might bear witness for me and for my love toward God and my companions, the Lord who knows him, and the love toward the whole creation. God knows it, and the Lord himself bears witness with me that it is as he told me at one time: \"You have not yet reached the height of the women of the monastery who are in such a place in your discipline.\" Thus he meditated upon it until now. And all the other victories I have obtained over the demons, his grace knows that I never thought of myself, that I did anything by my own strength, but the victory, the mercy, and the help of the giver of the hand of his power are. Therefore, my brothers, be vigilant and watchful, for the house of the little blessed Macarius will be destroyed from without.\n\nNow when the brothers heard these things, especially seeing the weakness that was in her, they raised their voices and wept, so that he might comfort them and go his way, leaving them as orphans. And again he would give them strength to be silent, and he would say, \"Has the time not yet come?","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ϩⲙⲟⲧ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic ϩⲙⲟⲧ is rendered 'grace' in the pinned glossary, denoting unearned divine favour. Here it is personified as the subject of 'knows' (ϥⲥⲱⲟⲩⲛ), attributing agency to God's grace.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲓⲥⲧⲏ","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'women of the monastery' (ⲛⲓϩⲓⲟⲙⲓ ⲙⲡⲓⲥⲧⲏ) may echo the ascetic communities of female monastics in the Egyptian desert, but no direct scriptural citation is present. The reference remains generic.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲟⲗⲓⲧⲉⲓⲁ","severity":"info","text":"The term ⲡⲟⲗⲓⲧⲉⲓⲁ (from Greek πολιτεία) denotes the ascetic discipline or rule of life, a standard concept in Coptic hagiography for the monastic regimen.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲗⲟⲓⲡⲟⲛ","severity":"info","text":"The discourse marker ⲗⲟⲓⲡⲟⲛ ('therefore') signals a shift from Macarius's self-deprecating confession to a direct exhortation to the brothers, structuring the passage as a moral lesson.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The epithet 'blessed' (ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ) applied to Macarius reflects the hagiographic convention of sanctifying the subject, reinforcing his exemplary status for the monastic audience.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲛⲁϥϯ ⲛⲟⲙϯ","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase ⲛⲁϥϯ ⲛⲟⲙϯ ('he would give them strength') is ambiguous: it may mean physical strength or moral fortitude. The context of weeping brothers suggests the latter, but the Coptic allows both readings.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of 'the women of the monastery' (ⲛⲓϩⲓⲟⲙⲓ ⲙⲡⲓⲥⲧⲏ) is unspecified; it may refer to a known female community or be a generic ascetic trope.","The phrase ⲛⲁϥϯ ⲛⲟⲙϯ could denote either physical strength or moral encouragement; the reading taken is moral fortitude based on the weeping context."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":64,"ref":"p64","source":"ⲡⲓⲥⲏⲟⲩ ⲗⲟⲓⲡⲟⲛ ⲉⲧⲃⲉ ⲟⲩ ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲣⲓⲙⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϯ ⲙⲕⲁϩ ⲙⲡⲁϩⲏⲧ ⲕⲁⲓ\nⲅⲁⲣ ⲟⲩⲙⲉⲧⲁⲧϫⲟⲙ ⲧⲉ ϣⲁⲧⲉ ⲫⲁⲓ ϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲙⲙⲟⲛ ⲧⲏⲣⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲟⲩⲁⲓ ⲡⲓⲟⲩⲁⲓ\nⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲡⲉϥⲥⲏⲟⲩ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲛⲓⲑⲱϣ ⲛⲁⲧϣϯ ⲟⲩⲏⲟⲩ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲉⲛⲛⲟⲩϯ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲁⲓ\nⲉⲧⲁϥϫⲟⲧⲟⲩ ⲛⲱⲟⲩ ⲙⲟⲅⲓⲥ ⲁϥϣⲑⲱⲧ ⲙⲡⲟⲩϩⲏⲧ ⲉⲑⲣⲟⲩⲭⲁ ⲣⲱⲟⲩ ⲟⲩⲟϩ\nⲉⲧⲁⲩⲧⲱⲟⲩⲛⲟⲩ ⲁⲩⲓ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲁ ⲡⲓⲟⲩⲁⲓ ⲡⲓⲟⲩⲁⲓ ⲉⲣⲁⲛⲁⲭⲱⲣⲉⲓⲛ ⲉⲡⲉϥⲙⲁ\nⲛϣⲱⲡⲓ. ⲉⲧⲁⲩϣⲉ ⲛⲱⲟⲩ ⲇⲉ ⲛϫⲉ ⲛⲓⲥⲛⲏⲟⲩ ⲡⲁⲗⲓⲛ ⲟⲛ ⲁ ϯⲙⲉⲧⲁⲧϫⲟⲙ\nϭⲣⲟ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁϥϣⲉ ⲉⲡⲓⲥⲡⲏⲗⲁⲓⲟⲛ ⲙⲙⲁⲩⲁⲧϥ ⲁϥⲉⲛⲕⲟⲧ ⲛⲉ ⲫⲛⲁⲩ\nⲇⲉ ⲡⲉ ⲛⲁϫⲡ ⲍ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ϩⲱⲥ ⲉϥⲙⲉⲩⲓ ⲛϧⲣⲏⲓ ⲛϧⲏⲧϥ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲧⲉϥⲕⲁϩⲥ ⲉⲡⲉϥϫⲓ\nⲛⲥⲓⲛⲓ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲡⲉϥϫⲓ ⲛⲉⲣⲁⲡⲁⲛⲧⲁⲛ ⲉⲫ︦ϯ︦ ⲛⲉⲙ ϯⲁⲡⲟⲫⲁⲥⲓⲥ ⲉⲑⲛⲁⲓ\nⲉⲃⲟⲗ ϧⲁⲣⲟϥ ⲙⲡⲓⲛⲁⲩ ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲙⲁⲩ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲡⲓⲙⲁ ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲁϩⲓⲧϥ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ϩⲏⲡⲡⲉ\nⲁⲩⲟⲩⲟⲛϩⲟⲩ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ⲛϫⲉ ⲃ︦ ⲛⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲉⲩⲉⲣⲗⲁⲙⲡⲉⲓⲛ ⲉⲙⲁϣⲱ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲱⲟⲩ\nⲛⲉⲙ ⲡⲓⲧⲁⲓⲟ ⲉⲣⲉ ⲡⲟⲩϩⲟ ⲙⲉϩ ⲛⲣⲁϣⲓ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲛⲁⲩ ⲉⲣⲱⲟⲩ ⲛϫⲉ ⲡⲓϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲁϥⲭⲁ ⲣⲱϥ ⲧⲉⲱⲥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲁⲓ ⲙⲙⲱⲟⲩ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲁⲛ ⲁⲕⲥⲟⲩⲱⲛⲧ ϫⲉ ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲛⲓⲙ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁϥϯ ⲛⲓⲁⲧϥ ⲙⲙⲟϥ ⲙⲡⲉϥϣϫⲉⲙϫⲟⲙ\nⲛⲥⲟⲩⲱⲛϥ ⲛⲕⲁⲗⲱⲥ ⲉⲑⲃⲉ ⲡⲁϣⲁⲓ ⲛϯⲙⲉⲧⲗⲁⲙⲡⲣⲟⲥ ⲉⲧⲟⲩϣⲟⲡ ⲛϧⲏⲧⲥ.\nⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲙⲉⲛⲉⲛⲥⲁ ⲕⲉⲕⲟⲩϫⲓ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲙⲡⲉⲧⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲛⲉⲙⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲣⲟⲓ ⲛⲑⲟⲕ\nⲡⲉ ⲡⲁⲓⲱⲧ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲁⲛⲧⲱⲛⲓⲟⲥ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲫⲏ ⲉⲑⲟⲩⲁⲃ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲁⲛⲧⲱⲛⲓⲟⲥ","english":"The time, therefore, why do you weep and grieve my heart? For it is a weakness until this happens to all of us, each one according to his time, according to the indissoluble bonds of the time of our God, and these which he appointed for them. With difficulty he cut their hearts to make them leave, and when they arose and went out, each one went to his place of dwelling. When the brothers had gone, however, again the weakness overcame him, and when he went to the cave alone, he slept. Now the time was the ninth hour. And as he thought within himself according to his grief over his taking of leave and his meeting with God and the judgment that would come upon him at that time and the place where it would happen, behold, two saints appeared to him, shining greatly in glory and honor, their faces full of joy. And when the old man saw them, he was silent, and one of them said to him, \"Do you know who I am?\" And he could not recognize him well because of the great brightness that was in them. And after a little while he said to the one speaking with him, \"According to my opinion, you are my father Abba Antonius.\" And the holy one Abba Antonius said","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲓⲥⲏⲟⲩ ⲗⲟⲓⲡⲟⲛ","severity":"info","text":"The phrase ⲡⲓⲥⲏⲟⲩ ⲗⲟⲓⲡⲟⲛ (the time, therefore) marks a rhetorical transition, common in Coptic hagiography, where the narrator directly addresses the audience or a character.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲁⲛⲧⲱⲛⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲁⲛⲧⲱⲛⲓⲟⲥ (Abba Antonius) is the Coptic form of the name of Anthony the Great, the foundational desert father, here appearing as a saint in a vision to Macarius.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲛⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"ⲛⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ (the holy ones) is the plural of ⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ, used here as a noun to denote the two saints appearing in the vision.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲓⲥⲡⲏⲗⲁⲓⲟⲛ","severity":"info","text":"ⲡⲓⲥⲡⲏⲗⲁⲓⲟⲛ (the cave) is a standard setting in desert hagiography, evoking the ascetic retreats of the Egyptian monks, often associated with solitude and visionary experiences.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲃ ⲛⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The appearance of two saints (ⲃ ⲛⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ) is a structural pivot: the narrative shifts from Macarius's grief and weakness to a visionary encounter that provides reassurance and recognition.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲛⲁϫⲡ ⲍ","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase ⲛⲁϫⲡ ⲍ (the ninth hour) is a time reference; the numeral ⲍ (7) is used for the ninth hour in Coptic numerical notation, which may cause confusion if read as 'seven'.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of the two saints is not explicitly stated in the Coptic; the text only identifies one as Abba Antonius, leaving the other unnamed."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":65,"ref":"p65","source":"ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ϫⲉ ⲁⲛ ⲁⲕⲥⲟⲩⲉⲛ ⲡⲁⲓⲭⲉⲧ ϫⲉ ⲛⲓⲙ ⲡⲉ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲁⲗⲓⲛ ⲁϥⲭⲁ ⲣⲱϥ\nⲕⲁⲓ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲛⲁϥⲉⲣ ⲟⲩⲱ ⲛϩⲗⲓ ⲛⲭⲱⲗⲉⲙ ⲁⲛ ⲡⲉ. ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲫⲁⲓ ⲡⲉ\nⲡⲉⲛⲥⲟⲛ ⲡⲁϧⲱⲙ ⲫⲓⲱⲧ ⲛⲛⲓⲙⲟⲛⲁⲭⲟⲥ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲧⲁⲃⲉⲛⲛⲏⲥⲓ ϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲏⲓ ⲁⲩⲟⲩⲟⲣⲡⲧⲉⲛ ⲉⲑⲣⲉⲛⲑⲁϩⲙⲉⲕ ⲗⲟⲓⲡⲟⲛ ⲁⲣⲓ ⲡⲉⲕⲣⲱⲟⲩϣ ϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲏⲓ ⲉⲧⲓ ⲕⲉⲑ︦ ⲛⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ ⲭⲛⲁⲭⲱ ⲉϧⲣⲏⲓ ⲛϯϣⲑⲏⲛ ⲛϣⲁⲣ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲭⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲓ ϧⲁⲧⲟⲧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲟϩ\nϥⲁⲓ ⲛⲛⲉⲕⲃⲁⲗ ⲉⲡϣⲱⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲛⲁⲩ ⲉⲡⲓⲙⲱⲓⲧ ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲥⲉⲃⲧⲱⲧϥ ⲛⲁϥ ϫⲉ ϩⲓⲛⲁ\nⲉⲕⲉϭⲓ ⲛⲟⲩⲣⲁϣⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲧⲉⲕⲓ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲙⲧⲟⲛ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲁⲓⲣⲏϯ ⲁⲩⲉⲣⲁⲛⲁⲭⲱⲣⲉⲓⲛ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϧⲁⲣⲟϥ ⲛϫⲉ ⲛⲏ ⲉⲑⲟⲩⲁⲃ.\nⲡⲓⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲇⲉ ⲛϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲛⲁϥⲭⲱ ⲛⲣⲱϥ ⲡⲉ ⲛⲟⲩⲉϣⲉ ⲛⲧⲁⲙⲉ ϩⲗⲓ ϫⲉ ϩⲓⲛⲁ\nⲛⲛⲟⲩⲉⲣ ⲙⲕⲁϩ ⲛϩⲏⲧ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲥⲉϯ ϧⲓⲥⲓ ⲙⲡⲉϥⲡ︦ⲛ︦ⲁ︦ ϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ ⲛⲓⲣⲱⲙⲓ ⲕⲁⲓ\nⲅⲁⲣ ⲛⲁⲩϫⲟⲩϣⲧ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲡⲉ ⲙⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲛⲟⲩⲁⲣⲭⲓⲥⲧⲣⲁⲧⲏⲅⲟⲥ ⲉϥϧⲉⲛ\nⲑⲙⲏϯ ⲛⲛⲉϥⲙⲁⲧⲟⲓ ⲫⲁⲓ ⲁⲩϣⲁⲛⲉⲣ ϧⲁⲉ ⲙⲙⲟϥ ⲁⲓⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲉⲡⲓⲁⲣⲭⲓⲥⲧⲣⲁⲧⲏⲅⲟⲥ ϣⲁⲣⲉ ⲡⲓⲙⲏϣ ⲧⲏⲣϥ ⲉⲣ ⲙⲫⲣⲏϯ ϫⲉ ⲁⲩϫⲱϫⲓ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲛⲛⲟⲩⲁⲫⲏⲟⲩⲓ\nⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲁⲓⲣⲏϯ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϩⲓⲧⲉⲡ ϯⲙⲉⲧⲁⲧⲁⲫⲉ ⲙⲙⲟⲛ ϣϫⲟⲙ ⲙⲙⲱⲟⲩ ⲉϣⲉ\nⲉⲡⲓⲃⲱⲧⲥ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲛⲓⲙⲗⲁϧ ⲙⲡⲟⲗⲉⲙⲓⲕⲟⲛ. ⲙⲁⲗⲓⲥⲧⲁ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲙⲉⲑⲙⲏⲓ ϫⲉ","english":"He said to him, \"Have you not known this one, who he is?\" And again he was silent. For he was not one to speak any falsehood. He said to him, \"This is our brother, Father Pachomius, the father of the monks of Tabennesi. Indeed, they sent us to help you. Therefore, take care, for indeed, the remaining days you will spend in the infirmary of the sick, and you will be under our care. And lift your eyes upward and look at the path that has been prepared for him, so that you may receive joy and depart in peace.\" And in this way, the holy ones withdrew from him. The holy elder, however, was silent for a while, so that he might not cause anyone grief and so that they would not trouble his spirit through people. For all of them looked upon him as a general in the midst of his soldiers. If one speaks of a general, the whole crowd acts as if they have been scattered from their ranks. And in this way, because of the humility, they were not able to approach the baths and the military ointments, especially in truth.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲁϧⲱⲙ","severity":"info","text":"The name Pachomius (ⲡⲁϧⲱⲙ) identifies the founder of cenobitic monasticism in Upper Egypt, associated with Tabennesi. The text presents him as a brother and father of monks, linking Macarius to the Pachomian tradition.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲧⲁⲃⲉⲛⲛⲏⲥⲓ","severity":"info","text":"Tabennesi (ⲧⲁⲃⲉⲛⲛⲏⲥⲓ) is the site of Pachomius's first monastery, a key location in the development of communal monasticism. Its mention here reinforces the connection between Macarius and the Pachomian network.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁⲣⲭⲓⲥⲧⲣⲁⲧⲏⲅⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Greek loanword ⲁⲣⲭⲓⲥⲧⲣⲁⲧⲏⲅⲟⲥ (archistrategos) means 'commander-in-chief' or 'general'. The simile compares the holy elder to a general among soldiers, emphasizing his authority and the awe he inspires.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲛⲓⲙⲗⲁϧ ⲙⲡⲟⲗⲉⲙⲓⲕⲟⲛ","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase ⲛⲓⲙⲗⲁϧ ⲙⲡⲟⲗⲉⲙⲓⲕⲟⲛ ('military ointments') is obscure; it may be a metaphor for spiritual anointing or a reference to actual medical treatments. The Coptic text may be corrupt or elliptical here.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The passage shifts from direct speech (Pachomius's message) to narrative description of the holy ones' departure and the elder's silence, then to a simile comparing the elder to a general. This structure highlights the elder's humility and authority.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The portrayal of Macarius as a silent, humble figure revered like a general reflects later Coptic hagiographic ideals that emphasize ascetic authority combined with humility. This passage may have been used to model monastic obedience.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of 'this one' (ⲫⲁⲓ) in the opening question is ambiguous; the text resolves it as Pachomius, but the antecedent in the previous passage is unclear.","The phrase ⲛⲓⲙⲗⲁϧ ⲙⲡⲟⲗⲉⲙⲓⲕⲟⲛ may be a textual corruption or a rare metaphor; its exact meaning is uncertain."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":66,"ref":"p66","source":"ⲡⲁϥⲟⲓ ⲙⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲙⲫ︦ϯ︦ ⲙⲡϣⲗⲟⲗ ⲧⲏⲣϥ ⲛⲛⲓⲙⲟⲛⲁⲭⲟⲥ ⲙⲉⲛⲉⲛⲥⲁ ⲫ︦ϯ︦\nⲉⲩϫⲟⲩϣⲧ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲙⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲛⲟⲩⲓⲁⲗ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉϥϣⲟⲡ ⲛϫⲟⲙ ⲛⲛⲟⲩⲯⲩⲭⲏ ϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ ⲧⲉϥⲙⲉⲧⲣⲉϥϯ ⲛⲟⲙϯ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲉⲛⲕⲟⲧ ⲉϫⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲑⲟⲙ\nⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲧⲉϥⲥⲩⲛⲏⲑⲉⲓⲁ ⲛⲟⲩⲉϣⲉ ⲛⲧⲱⲟⲩⲛ ⲗⲟⲓⲡⲟⲛ ϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ ⲫⲃⲁⲣⲟⲥ ⲙⲡⲓϣⲱⲛⲓ\nⲉⲑⲃⲉ ϫⲉ ⲛⲁϥϧⲟⲥⲓ ⲡⲉ ϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓϧⲙⲟⲙ ⲧⲟⲧⲉ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲕⲟⲩϫⲓ ⲕⲟⲩⲕⲓ ⲁϥⲭⲁ\nϫⲟⲙ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲉϫⲱⲣϩ ⲛⲥⲟⲩ ⲏ̄ ⲉϫⲉⲛ ⲡⲉϥⲑ︦ ⲓⲥϫⲉⲛ ⲉⲧⲁϥϣⲱⲛⲓ\nⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲡⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲛⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲁⲛⲧⲱⲛⲓⲟⲥ ⲉⲧⲉ ⲥⲟⲩ ⲕⲍ ⲙⲫⲁⲙⲉⲛⲱⲑ ⲡⲉ ⲓⲥ ⲡⲓⲭⲉⲣⲟⲩⲃⲓⲙ ⲉⲧⲧⲏ ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲙⲁⲩ ⲫⲁⲓ ⲉⲧⲉ ⲛⲁϥⲙⲏⲛ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ⲡⲉ ⲓⲥϫⲉⲛ ϯⲁⲣⲭⲏ ⲁϥⲓ\nⲛⲉⲙ ⲟⲩⲛⲓϣϯ ⲙⲙⲏϣ ⲛⲧⲉ ϩⲁⲛ ⲭⲟⲣⲟⲥ ⲛⲁⲥⲱⲙⲁⲧⲟⲥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲁϥ\nϫⲉ ⲓⲏⲥ ⲙⲙⲟⲕ ⲁⲙⲟⲩ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ϫⲉ ⲁⲣⲉ ⲛⲁⲓ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲟϩⲓ ⲉⲣⲁⲧⲟⲩ ⲉⲩϭⲓ ⲁⲟⲩⲱ\nⲛⲁⲕ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲛⲓϣϯ ⲛⲥⲙⲏ ϫⲉ ⲡⲁⲟⲥ ⲓⲏⲥ ⲫⲙⲉⲛⲣⲓⲧ ⲛⲧⲁⲯⲩⲭⲏ ϣⲉⲡ ⲡⲁⲡ︦ⲛ︦ⲁ︦ ⲉⲣⲟⲕ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲁⲓⲣⲏϯ ⲁϥⲉⲛⲕⲟⲧ.\nⲕⲁⲓ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲛⲉ ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲟⲩⲙⲏϣ ⲛⲉⲙⲁϥ ⲁⲛ ⲡⲉ ⲙⲡⲓⲛⲁⲩ ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲙⲁⲩ ⲟⲩⲇⲉ\nⲙⲡⲟⲩⲉⲙⲓ ϫⲉ ϥⲛⲁⲙⲟⲩ ⲙⲡⲓⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲙⲁⲩ ⲛⲁϥⲣⲱⲟⲩⲧ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲡⲉ\nⲙⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲙⲙⲏⲛⲓ ⲉϥϯ ⲛⲟⲙϯ ⲛⲛⲓⲥⲛⲏⲟⲩ. ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ ⲇⲉ ⲛϫⲉ ⲛⲓⲥⲛⲏⲟⲩ\nⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲁⲩⲣⲓⲙⲓ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲩⲉⲣ ⲙⲕⲁϩ ⲛϩⲏⲧ ⲉϩⲣⲏⲓ ⲉϫⲉⲛ ϯⲙⲉⲧϣⲁϥⲉ","english":"His manner was like that of God, the father of all the monks, after God. They all looked to him as to a father, and he had power over souls through his gift of strength. And he returned to the mountain according to his custom, to rise at dawn, then, through the weight of the illness, because he was weakened by the heat, then little by little he let go of his strength. And on the twenty-seventh of Pharmouthi, according to the word of Abba Anthony, which is the twenty-seventh of Pharmouthi, behold the Cherubim who was there, the one who had been coming to him from the beginning, came with a great multitude of choirs of bodiless ones, and said to him, \"Jesus is with you; come out, for all these have stood waiting to receive you.\" And he said in a great voice, \"My Lord Jesus, the beloved of my soul, receive my spirit to you.\" And thus he returned. For indeed, there were many with him at that time, but they did not know that he would die on that day, for he was accustomed, like a lamp, to give strength to the brothers. When all the brothers heard, they all wept and were grieved over the desert life.","structure":"dialogue","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲁⲛⲧⲱⲛⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲁⲛⲧⲱⲛⲓⲟⲥ' (Abba Anthony) refers to Anthony the Great, the foundational figure of Egyptian monasticism. The title 'Abba' is retained as a fixed rendering per the glossary.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲭⲉⲣⲟⲩⲃⲓⲙ","severity":"info","text":"The 'Cherubim' (ⲭⲉⲣⲟⲩⲃⲓⲙ) is a biblical angelic order, here depicted as a singular being attending Macarius's death. This echoes the angelology of the Old Testament (e.g., Exodus 25:18–22) and later Christian tradition.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲫⲁⲙⲉⲛⲱⲑ","severity":"info","text":"The date 'ⲕⲍ ⲙⲫⲁⲙⲉⲛⲱⲑ' (27 Pharmouthi) corresponds to 22 April in the Julian calendar. This is the traditional feast day of Macarius the Great in the Coptic Church.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage is a dialogue between the Cherubim and Macarius, culminating in his death. The narrative shifts from Macarius's decline to the angelic visitation and the brothers' reaction, marking a climactic moment in the hagiography.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The description of Macarius as 'like God, the father of all the monks' reflects his veneration as a model ascetic. The brothers' grief over 'the desert life' underscores the communal loss of a spiritual father, a common trope in Coptic hagiography.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase 'ⲙⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲙⲫ︦ϯ︦' (like that of God) is ambiguous: it could mean Macarius's manner was like God's, or that he was like God the father of monks. The English draft takes the latter reading.","The Coptic 'ⲛⲁϥⲣⲱⲟⲩⲧ' (he was accustomed) is uncertain; it may be a scribal error for 'ⲛⲁϥⲉⲣⲱⲟⲩⲧ' (he was like a lamp), as the English draft renders it."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[{"kind":"structure","severity":"info","label":"dialogue","text":"Classified as dialogue from the Coptic cues."}]},{"i":67,"ref":"p67","source":"ⲉⲧⲁⲥϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲛⲱⲟⲩ. ⲛⲓⲥⲛⲏⲟⲩ ⲇⲉ ⲉⲧϣⲟⲡ ϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲓϣⲁϥⲉⲩ ⲉⲑⲟⲩⲁⲃ ⲛⲁⲓ\nⲉⲧⲁⲩⲉⲣ ⲡⲕⲉϭⲓ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϩⲓⲧⲟⲧϥ ⲙⲡⲓⲙⲱⲓⲧ ⲧⲏⲣϥ ⲉⲧϭⲓ ⲉϧⲟⲩⲛ ⲉⲧⲕⲁⲧⲟⲣⲑⲱⲥⲓⲥ\nⲧⲏⲣⲥ ⲛϯⲁⲣⲉⲧⲏ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁϥϧⲟⲕⲟⲩ ϩⲱⲥ ⲁⲣⲭⲓⲥⲧⲣⲁⲧⲏⲅⲟⲥ ⲛⲛⲓϩⲟⲡⲗⲟⲛ\nⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲡϫⲓ ⲛⲙⲓϣⲓ ⲟⲩⲃⲉ ⲡⲇⲓⲁⲃⲟⲗⲟⲥ ⲡⲓⲧⲩⲣⲁⲛⲛⲟⲥ ⲛⲁⲧϣⲓⲡⲓ ⲛⲉⲙ\nⲛⲉϥⲛⲟⲩⲙⲉⲣⲟⲛ ⲉⲧϩⲱⲟⲩ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁϥⲕⲟⲧⲟⲩ ⲗⲟⲓⲡⲟⲛ ⲉϫⲉⲛ ϯⲥⲉⲛϯ ⲛⲁⲧⲕⲓⲙ\nⲉⲧⲉ ⲡⲭⲥ ⲡⲉⲛⲛⲟⲩϯ ⲡⲉ ⲫⲁⲓ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲉⲣ ⲡⲕⲉⲁⲣⲉϩ ⲉⲣⲱⲟⲩ ϣⲁ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲉⲩⲟⲓ\nⲛⲁⲧϭⲱⲧⲡ ϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ ⲡⲉϥϩⲙⲟⲧ ⲉⲧϭⲟⲥⲓ ⲫⲁⲓ ⲉⲧⲁϥϫⲟϣϥ ⲉϩⲣⲏⲓ ⲉϫⲱⲟⲩ ϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ\nⲡⲓϯ ϩⲟ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲉⲛⲓⲱⲧ ⲉⲑⲟⲩⲁⲃ ⲡⲓⲛⲓϣϯ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡϫⲓ ⲛⲑⲣⲟⲩⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ ϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲛ ⲛϫⲉ ⲛⲁⲓ ⲉⲡⲓϫⲓ ⲛⲓ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϧⲉⲛ ⲥⲱⲙⲁ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲓⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲁⲩⲓ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲟⲩⲙⲁ ⲛϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲉⲩⲧⲱⲓⲧ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲩⲉⲣ ϩⲏⲃⲓ ⲉϩⲣⲏⲓ ⲉϫⲉⲛ ⲡⲓϫⲓ ⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲫⲏ ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲟⲗϥ ⲇⲓⲕⲁⲓⲱⲥ ⲉⲛⲓⲙⲁ ⲛϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲛⲉⲡⲟⲩⲣⲁⲛⲓⲟⲛ\nⲉⲡϣⲱⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁϥⲉⲣⲭⲟⲣⲉⲩⲉⲓⲛ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲛⲓⲇⲩⲛⲁⲙⲓⲥ ⲛⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲓⲕⲏ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲛⲓⲫⲏⲟⲩⲓ ⲛⲁⲓ ⲟⲛ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲧⲉⲛⲑⲱⲛϥ ⲉⲣⲱⲟⲩ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡϩⲱⲃ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲡⲥⲁϫⲓ ϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ ⲛⲓϩⲃⲏⲟⲩⲓ ⲛⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲓⲕⲟⲛ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲟⲩⲟⲛϩⲟⲩ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲛϩⲣⲏⲓ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲉϥⲃⲓⲟⲥ ⲉⲑⲟⲩⲁⲃ ⲟⲩⲟϩ\nⲛϣⲟⲩⲉⲣ ϣⲫⲏⲣⲓ ⲙⲙⲟϥ ⲛⲁⲓ ⲉⲧϣⲟⲡ ⲛⲥⲃⲱ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛϭⲁⲩ ⲙⲱⲓⲧ ⲛⲟⲩⲟⲛ\nⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ ⲉⲑⲟⲩⲱϣ ⲉⲱⲛϧ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲑⲙⲉⲑⲙⲏⲓ ⲧⲏⲣⲥ ⲛⲛⲓⲉⲩⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲓⲟⲛ ⲉⲑⲟⲩⲁⲃ.","english":"...which happened for them. The brothers who were in the holy deserts, those who had received the rest of the entire path from him, which leads into the whole correction of virtue, and he completed them as a chief commander of all the weapons of the battle against the devil, the tyrant without shame, and his evil regiments, and he turned them finally upon the immovable foundation, which is Christ our God, who guarded them until the end, being unconquered through his high grace, which he poured down upon them through the gift of the hand of our holy father, the great Abba Macarius, in the receiving of the command, that these might be upon the receiving of the relics from the body of the saint. They came out from a place of dwelling, being prepared and hastening down upon the receiving of the burial of the one who had been justly taken to the heavenly dwelling places above, and he danced with the angelic powers of the heavens, those to whom he had also joined himself in work and word through the angelic deeds which he revealed in his holy life, and there is no wonder at him, these being lessons and ways of life for everyone who wishes to live according to the whole truth of the holy Gospels.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲇⲓⲁⲃⲟⲗⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Greek loanword διάβολος is rendered 'devil' per the pinned glossary; the etymological sense 'slanderer' is not used in this corpus.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲥⲱⲙⲁ","severity":"info","text":"In this ascetic context, ⲥⲱⲙⲁ refers to the corpse of the saint, consistent with the glossary's note on its use in martyrdom accounts.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ϩⲙⲟⲧ","severity":"info","text":"ϩⲙⲟⲧ is rendered 'grace' as unearned divine favour; the phrase 'high grace' (ⲡⲉϥϩⲙⲟⲧ ⲉⲧϭⲟⲥⲓ) underscores God's agency in the saint's victory.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲃⲃⲁ","severity":"info","text":"The Greek/Syriac address ⲁⲃⲃⲁ is retained in translation as 'Abba', following the pinned glossary's instruction.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"external","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The military imagery (chief commander, weapons, battle against the devil) is typical of Coptic hagiography, casting the ascetic as a spiritual warrior.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The passage shifts from Macarius's role as teacher to the brothers' reception of his relics, then to his celestial welcome, marking a transition from earthly to heavenly narrative.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase 'ϧⲉⲛ ⲡϫⲓ ⲛⲑⲣⲟⲩⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ' (in the receiving of the command) is ambiguous: it may refer to a command from Macarius or a divine command; the reading taken follows the English draft's 'command'.","The identity of 'ⲛⲓⲇⲩⲛⲁⲙⲓⲥ ⲛⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲓⲕⲏ' (angelic powers) is left unspecified; they are understood as heavenly beings welcoming Macarius."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":68,"ref":"p68","source":"ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲫⲟϩ ⲟⲩⲛ ⲗⲟⲓⲡⲟⲛ ⲉϯⲉⲕⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ ⲉⲩⲣⲓⲙⲓ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲛϣⲁϣⲓ ⲉϩⲣⲏⲓ ⲉϫⲉⲛ ⲡϫⲓ ⲛϥⲟϫⲟⲩ ⲛⲟⲩⲓⲱⲧ ⲙⲡⲁⲓⲣⲏϯ ⲫⲁⲓ ⲉⲧϣⲟⲡ ⲛⲱⲟⲩ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ\nⲛⲭⲟϩ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲛⲟⲙϯ ⲉϧⲟⲩⲛ ⲉϯⲁⲛⲁⲭⲱⲣⲏⲥⲓⲥ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲛⲥⲱϫⲡ ⲛⲛⲓϩⲃⲏⲟⲩⲓ\nⲉⲑⲛⲁⲛⲉⲩ ⲁⲩϩⲓⲧⲟⲩ ⲉϧⲣⲏⲓ ⲉϫⲉⲛ ⲡⲉϥⲥⲱⲙⲁ ⲉⲑⲟⲩⲁⲃ ⲛⲟⲩⲛⲓϣϯ ⲛⲛⲁⲩ\nⲉⲩⲱϣ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲛϣⲁϣⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲙⲉⲛⲉⲛⲥⲁ ⲛⲁⲓ ⲁⲩⲓⲣⲓ ⲛϯⲗⲉⲓⲧⲟⲩⲣⲅⲓⲁ ⲉⲧⲧⲟⲙⲓ ⲁⲩⲓⲛⲓ ⲉϩⲣⲏⲓ ⲉϫⲉⲛ ⲡⲉϥⲗⲩⲙⲯⲁⲛⲟⲛ ⲉⲧⲧⲁⲓⲏⲟⲩⲧ ⲛϯⲑⲩⲥⲓⲁ ⲛⲁⲧⲫⲉⲛ ⲥⲛⲟϥ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲡⲓⲥⲱⲙⲁ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲡⲓⲥⲛⲟϥ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲉⲛⲟ︦ⲥ︦ ⲓ︦ⲏ︦ⲥ︦ ⲡⲭ︦ⲥ︦. ⲗⲟⲓⲡⲟⲛ ⲁⲩⲭⲱ ⲙⲡⲉϥⲥⲱⲙⲁ ⲉⲑⲟⲩⲁⲃ ⲉϧⲟⲩⲛ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲥⲡⲏⲗⲁⲓⲟⲛ ϧⲁⲑⲟⲩⲱⲥ\nⲛϯⲉⲕⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ ⲑⲁⲓ ⲛⲧⲟϥ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲕⲟⲧⲥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲩϣⲉ ⲛⲱⲟⲩ ⲉⲛⲟⲩⲙⲁ ⲛϣⲱⲡⲓ\nⲉⲩϣⲟⲡ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲛⲓϣϯ ⲛϩⲏⲃⲓ ⲉϩⲣⲏⲓ ⲉϫⲉⲛ ⲡϫⲓ ⲛϣⲟⲛϩⲟⲩ ⲙⲫⲣⲉϥϣⲁⲛϣ\nⲛⲛⲟⲩⲯⲩⲭⲏ ϧⲉⲛ ϯϩⲟϯ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲟ︦ⲥ︦ ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲧⲫⲱⲟⲩ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲣⲱⲙⲓ\nⲉⲑⲟⲩⲁⲃ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲡⲁⲫⲛⲟⲩϯ ⲉⲡⲓⲛⲓϣϯ ⲡⲉ ϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲉⲛⲙⲁⲑⲏⲧⲏⲥ ⲙⲡⲓⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲫⲁⲓ\nⲟⲛ ⲉⲧⲁϥϭⲓ ⲛϯⲙⲉⲧⲓⲱⲧ ϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲓⲧⲟⲡⲟⲥ ⲉⲑⲟⲩⲁⲃ ⲙⲉⲛⲉⲛⲥⲱϥ ⲉⲑⲃⲉ ϫⲉ ⲛⲉ\nⲟⲩⲣⲱⲙⲓ ϩⲱϥ ⲡⲉ ⲉϥⲟⲩⲁⲃ ⲉⲁϥⲟⲩⲁϩϥ ⲛⲥⲁ ⲡⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ ⲧⲏⲣϥ ⲛⲛⲓϩⲃⲏⲟⲩⲓ\nⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲓⲣⲱⲙⲓ ⲉⲑⲟⲩⲁⲃ ⲡⲓⲛⲓϣϯ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲉⲑⲃⲉ ⲫⲁⲓ ⲣⲱ ⲁϥϣⲱⲡⲓ\nⲛⲟⲛⲟⲙⲁⲥⲧⲟⲥ ϧⲉⲛ ⲙⲁⲓ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ ⲉⲩⲛⲏⲩ ϣⲁⲣⲟϥ ⲛϫⲉ ⲫⲙⲏϣ ⲛⲛⲓⲙⲟⲛⲁⲭⲟⲥ\nⲟⲩ ⲙⲟⲛⲟⲛ ⲛⲧⲉ ϣⲓⲏⲧ ⲙⲙⲁⲩⲁⲧϥ ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ⲥⲭⲉⲇⲟⲛ ϧⲉⲛ ϯⲭⲱⲣⲁ ⲧⲏⲣⲥ\nⲛⲧⲉ ⲭⲏⲙⲓ ⲉⲩϭⲓ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϩⲓⲧⲟⲧϥ ⲙⲡⲓⲥⲙⲟⲧ ⲧⲏⲣϥ ⲛⲧⲉ ϯⲁⲣⲉⲧⲏ ⲑⲁⲓ ⲉⲧⲁϥϫⲫⲟⲥ ⲛⲁϥ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲙⲉⲧⲉⲩⲫⲩⲏⲥ ϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ ⲑⲙⲉⲧⲣⲉϥϭⲓ ⲙⲱⲓⲧ ϧⲁϫⲱϥ ϧⲉⲛ","english":"...which happened for them. The brothers who were in the holy deserts, those who had received the rest of the entire path from him, which leads into the whole correction of virtue, and he completed them as a chief commander. Then they filled the church, all of them weeping with a great lamentation over the taking of their father of this kind, which happened to all of them. They were troubled and they entered into the anchoritic life and the choice of good works. They placed them upon his holy body at a great time, all of them crying out with a great lamentation. And after these things, they performed the divine liturgy. They brought upon his honored altar the bloodless sacrifice, the body and the blood of our Lord Jesus Christ. Then they placed his holy body in the cave beneath the church, which he himself had built. And they went to their dwelling places, being in great grief over the taking of the one who nourished their souls in the fear of the Lord, which they had received through the holy man Abba Paphnutius the Great, who was among the disciples of this saint. He also received the fatherhood in the holy places after him, because he too was a holy man, having followed the entire aim of the works of the great holy man Abba Macarius. Therefore, he became a namesake in these places, and the multitude of monks came to him, not only from Scetis alone, but almost from the whole land of Egypt, receiving from him the entire form of this virtue which he had begotten for himself with a good nature through the guidance he had received from him in...","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲉⲕⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic ⲉⲕⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ here refers to the church building, as the brothers fill it and later place the body in a cave beneath it.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲥⲱⲙⲁ","severity":"info","text":"ⲥⲱⲙⲁ appears twice: first as the holy body of Macarius placed in the cave, then as the body of Christ in the Eucharist. The term shifts from corpse to sacramental body.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"external","lemma":"ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲡⲁⲫⲛⲟⲩϯ","severity":"info","text":"Abba Paphnutius the Great is a known disciple of Macarius; his succession as father of the monks reflects the transmission of authority in the Scetis tradition.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲗⲟⲓⲡⲟⲛ","severity":"info","text":"The repeated ⲗⲟⲓⲡⲟⲛ (then) marks a sequence of ritual actions: lamentation, liturgy, burial, and departure, structuring the narrative of Macarius's death.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ ⲧⲏⲣϥ ⲛⲛⲓϩⲃⲏⲟⲩⲓ","severity":"info","text":"Paphnutius is said to have followed the entire aim of Macarius's works, indicating that the Life presents Macarius as the model whose virtue is transmitted to successors.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲛⲟⲩⲓⲱⲧ ⲙⲡⲁⲓⲣⲏϯ","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase 'father of this kind' is ambiguous: it may mean 'such a father' or refer to a specific type of fatherhood; the translation takes it as a general lament.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase ⲛⲟⲩⲓⲱⲧ ⲙⲡⲁⲓⲣⲏϯ could be read as 'a father of this kind' (general) or 'the father of this kind' (specific); the English draft opts for the general sense.","The clause ⲁⲩϩⲓⲧⲟⲩ ⲉϧⲣⲏⲓ ⲉϫⲉⲛ ⲡⲉϥⲥⲱⲙⲁ is ambiguous: 'they placed them upon his body' could mean they placed the brothers or the lamentations; the translation takes it as the brothers placing themselves."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":69,"ref":"p69","source":"ⲟⲩⲥⲡⲟⲩⲇⲏ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲁⲓⲣⲱⲙⲓ ⲛⲇⲓⲕⲁⲓⲟⲥ ⲁⲗⲏⲑⲱⲥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉⲓⲟⲥ ⲡⲓⲛⲓϣϯ\nⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ.\nⲙⲉⲛⲉⲛⲥⲁ ⲟⲩⲥⲏⲟⲩ ⲗⲟⲓⲡⲟⲛ ⲁⲩϣϫⲉⲙϫⲟⲙ ⲛⲉⲙⲓ ⲉⲡⲓⲙⲁ ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲭⲁ\nⲡⲥⲱⲙⲁ ⲙⲡⲉⲑⲟⲩⲁⲃ ⲛϧⲏⲧϥ ⲛϫⲉ ⲛⲓⲣⲉⲙ ⲡϫⲓϫⲃⲏⲣ ⲉⲡⲓϯⲙⲓ ⲡⲉ ⲙⲡⲓⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ\nⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲟⲩⲟⲛϩⲥ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ϧⲉⲛ ⲧⲁⲣⲭⲏ ⲙⲡⲓⲇⲓⲏⲅⲏⲙⲁ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲩⲓ\nⲉϧⲣⲏⲓ ⲉϣⲓⲏⲧ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩϩⲱⲡ ⲙⲙⲟⲛ ϩⲗⲓ ⲉⲙⲓ ⲉⲣⲱⲟⲩ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲩⲱⲗⲓ ⲙⲡⲥⲱⲙⲁ ⲙⲡⲉⲛⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲛⲓⲱⲧ ⲉⲡⲓϯⲙⲓ ϩⲱⲥ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲟⲩϯⲙⲁϯ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲕⲟⲥϥ\nϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲙⲡϣⲁ ⲁⲩⲑⲁⲙⲓⲟ ⲛⲟⲩⲛⲓϣϯ ⲛⲅⲗⲱⲥⲥⲟⲕⲟⲙⲓⲟⲛ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϧⲉⲛ ϩⲁⲛ\nϣⲉ ⲛⲁⲛⲁⲅⲕⲁⲓⲟⲛ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲁⲓⲣⲏϯ ⲁⲩⲭⲱ ⲙⲡⲉϥⲥⲱⲙⲁ ⲉⲑⲟⲩⲁⲃ ⲛϧⲏⲧϥ.\nⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲙⲉⲛⲉⲛⲥⲁ ϩⲁⲛ ⲕⲟⲩϫⲓ ⲛⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ ⲁⲩⲕⲱⲧ ⲛⲟⲩⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩⲣⲓⲟⲛ ⲥⲁ ⲣⲏⲥ ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲛⲧ ⲙⲡⲓϯⲙⲓ ⲉϥⲉⲣ ϣⲟⲣⲡ ⲛϯⲙⲁϯ ⲛⲉⲙⲱⲟⲩ ⲛϫⲉ ⲡⲓⲣⲓⲕⲓ ⲙⲃⲁⲗ ⲛⲧⲉ\nⲫ︦ϯ︦ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲛⲓⲡⲣⲉⲥⲃⲉⲓⲁ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲓⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲥⲉⲗⲥⲱⲗϥ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲙⲉⲧϩⲟⲩⲟ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲩϫⲟⲕϥ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ϣⲁ ⲥⲟⲩ ⲓ︦ⲅ︦ ⲛⲉⲡⲏⲡ ⲧⲟⲧⲉ ⲗⲟⲓⲡⲟⲛ ⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲣⲡ\nⲙⲡⲓⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ ⲉⲑⲟⲩⲁⲃ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲓⲥⲏⲩ ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲙⲁⲩ ⲉⲩⲉⲣⲁⲓⲧⲉⲓⲛ ⲙⲙⲟϥ ⲉⲡⲁⲓⲕ","english":"The zeal of this righteous man, truly perfect and great, Abba Macarius. After some time, then, they gained power to go to the place where they had placed the body of the holy one, according to the manner in which it was revealed from the beginning of the narrative. And they came down to the tomb in secret, no one knowing about them, and they took the body of our blessed father to the village, as according to a permission, and they buried it in a worthy manner, having made a great reliquary from necessary woods, and thus they placed his holy body in it. And after a few days, they built a martyrium south and west of the village, which was first granted to them by the grace of God and the intercessions of the saint. And they adorned it abundantly and completed it until the 13th of Epip, then they sent for the holy bishop of that time to consecrate it for this purpose.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲥⲱⲙⲁ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic ⲥⲱⲙⲁ (body) here refers to the corpse of the saint, consistent with its use in ascetic literature as the site of struggle and in martyrdom accounts as the venerated remains.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲃⲃⲁ","severity":"info","text":"The address ⲁⲃⲃⲁ (Abba) is retained from the Coptic, reflecting the Greek/Syriac honorific for monastic elders.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"background","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The construction of a martyrium (ⲙⲁⲣⲧⲩⲣⲓⲟⲛ) and a reliquary (ⲅⲗⲱⲥⲥⲟⲕⲟⲙⲓⲟⲛ) reflects standard late antique practice for housing the remains of a holy person, often associated with monastic foundations.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"dating","kind":"chronology","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The completion date of the martyrium is given as the 13th of Epip (ⲥⲟⲩ ⲓ︦ⲅ︦ ⲛⲉⲡⲏⲡ), which corresponds to July 7 in the Julian calendar, a common feast day in the Coptic tradition.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage concludes the narrative of Macarius’s death and burial, transitioning from lamentation to the veneration of his relics and the construction of a shrine, a typical hagiographic closure.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase 'according to a permission' (ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲟⲩϯⲙⲁϯ) is ambiguous: it may refer to divine permission, ecclesiastical authorization, or the saint’s own will as revealed earlier.","The location of the martyrium 'south and west of the village' is not further specified, leaving the geography unclear."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":70,"ref":"p70","source":"ⲙⲡⲓⲛⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲫⲁⲓ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲓⲛⲓ ⲛⲉⲙⲁϥ ⲛϩⲁⲛ ⲕⲉⲙⲏϣ ⲛⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ ⲁⲩϫⲱⲕ\nⲉⲃⲟⲗ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲡⲉⲧⲥϣⲉ ⲛϯⲗⲉⲓⲧⲟⲩⲣⲅⲓⲁ ⲉⲧⲧⲟⲙⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲩⲓⲛⲓ ⲉⲡϣⲱⲓ\nⲛϯⲑⲩⲥⲓⲁ ⲉⲑⲟⲩⲁⲃ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲩϯ ⲙⲡⲓⲙⲏϣ ⲧⲏⲣϥ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲥⲱⲙⲁ ⲛⲉⲙ\nⲡⲓⲥⲛⲟϥ ⲉⲑⲟⲩⲁⲃ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲉⲛⲟ︦ⲥ︦ ⲓ︦ⲏ︦︦ⲥ︦ ⲡⲭ︦ⲥ︦ ⲛⲥⲟⲩ ⲓ︦︦ⲇ︦ ⲛⲉⲡⲏⲡ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲗⲟⲓⲡⲟⲛ\nⲙⲉⲛⲉⲛⲥⲁ ⲡⲓϣⲉⲙϣⲓ ⲉⲑⲟⲩⲁⲃ ⲁⲩⲭⲱ ⲉϧⲣⲏⲓ ⲙⲡⲥⲱⲙⲁ ⲙⲡⲓⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ\nⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲡⲓⲣⲱⲙⲓ ⲛⲇⲓⲕⲁⲓⲟⲥ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲙⲉⲑⲙⲏⲓ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲙⲁ ⲥⲁ ⲣⲏⲥ\nⲛⲉⲓⲉⲃⲧ ⲙⲡⲓⲧⲟⲡⲟⲥ ⲉⲑⲟⲩⲁⲃ ⲉⲁⲩⲫⲟⲣϫϥ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲉⲫⲗⲟⲅⲟⲥ ⲙⲡⲉϥⲥⲱⲙⲁ\nⲉⲑⲟⲩⲁⲃ ⲫⲁⲓ ⲉⲧⲁⲩϣⲟⲡ ⲛϧⲏⲧϥ ϣⲁ ⲉϧⲟⲩⲛ ⲉϯⲛⲟⲩ ⲛϫⲉ ϩⲁⲛ ⲛⲓϣϯ ⲛϫⲟⲙ\nⲛⲉⲙ ϩⲁⲛ ϣⲫⲏⲣⲓ ⲛⲉⲙ ϩⲁⲛ ⲧⲁⲗϭⲟ ⲉⲩⲟϣ ϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ ϯϫⲟⲙ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲫϯ ⲡⲓⲛⲓϣϯ ⲑⲁⲓ ⲉⲧϣⲟⲡ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲡⲉϥⲃⲱⲕ ⲉⲑⲟⲩⲁⲃ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲗⲟⲓⲡⲟⲡ\nⲉⲧⲁⲩⲉⲣ ⲡⲓⲉϫⲱⲣϩ ⲧⲏⲣϥ ⲉⲑⲛⲏⲟⲩ ⲉⲩⲓⲣⲓ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲟⲩⲁⲕⲟⲗⲟⲩⲑⲉⲓⲁ ⲉⲥⲧⲟⲙⲓ\nⲉⲡⲓϩⲟⲩⲟ ⲛϩⲁⲛ ⲯⲁⲗⲙⲟⲥ ⲛⲉⲙ ϩⲁⲛ ⲥⲙⲟⲩ ⲛⲉⲙ ϩⲁⲛ ϩⲱⲇⲏ ⲙⲡⲛⲁⲧⲓⲕⲟⲛ\nⲁⲩϣⲉ ⲛⲱⲟⲩ ⲉⲛⲟⲩⲙⲁ ⲛϣⲱⲡⲓ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩϩⲉⲓⲣⲏⲛⲏ ⲉⲩϯ ⲱⲟⲩ ⲙⲫϯ ⲛϫⲉ\nⲫⲙⲏϣ ⲛⲛⲓⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ ⲉⲑⲟⲩⲁⲃ ⲛⲁⲓ ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲑⲱⲟⲩϯ ⲉⲡⲁⲓⲕ ⲙⲡⲓⲧⲟⲡⲟⲥ ⲛⲧⲉ\nⲡⲓⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲡⲓⲛⲓϣϯ ⲁⲗⲏⲑⲱⲥ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ.\nⲛⲁⲓ ⲙⲉⲛ ⲁⲛϫⲟⲧⲟⲩ ϣⲁ ⲡⲁⲓⲙⲁ ⲱ ⲛⲓⲁⲕⲣⲟⲁⲧⲏⲥ ⲙⲙⲁⲓ ⲥⲃⲱ ϩⲱⲥ","english":"of the manner, and this one who brought with him many other bishops, they completed\nthe holy liturgy in a fitting manner, and they brought up\nthe holy sacrifice, and they gave the entire multitude from the body and\nthe holy blood of our Lord Jesus Christ, the Son, on the fourteenth day of the month. And then\nafter the holy service, they laid down the body of the holy Abba\nMacarius, the righteous man, truly, in a place to the south\nof the holy site, having separated it from the tomb of his holy body,\nthis one in which it had been until now, by great powers\nand wonders and healings that occur through the power of God the Great, which are with his holy servant\nAbba Macarius. And then\nwhen the entire vigil was completed, they proceeded according to a fitting order\nwith many psalms and blessings and spiritual hymns;\nthey went to their dwelling place in peace, giving glory to God, as\nthe multitude of holy bishops who had gathered at the altar of the holy site of\nthe truly great holy Abba Macarius.\nThese things we have brought to this point, O beloved hearers of the teaching, as","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲥⲱⲙⲁ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic ⲥⲱⲙⲁ appears twice: first for the body and blood of Christ (Eucharistic), then for the corpse of Macarius. The glossary distinguishes the ascetic body as site of struggle; here the corpse is a relic, consistent with hagiographic usage.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲉⲓⲣⲏⲛⲏ","severity":"info","text":"ⲉⲩϩⲉⲓⲣⲏⲛⲏ (in peace) is the liturgical colophon formula, not a comment on civil order. It closes the procession of bishops to their dwelling place.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲥⲙⲟⲩ","severity":"info","text":"ⲥⲙⲟⲩ (blessings) here refers to liturgical blessings or praises, not a personal blessing of Macarius. The object is the service, consistent with the glossary rule: God is praised, a person is blessed.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The passage moves from the Eucharistic liturgy (bringing up the sacrifice, distributing body and blood) to the deposition of Macarius’s body, then to a vigil with psalms and hymns, ending with the bishops departing in peace. This sequence mirrors a standard translation relic narrative.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"dating","kind":"chronology","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The date given is the fourteenth day of the month (ⲡⲓⲥⲟⲩ ⲓ︦︦ⲇ︦), but the month name is missing in the Coptic. The English draft supplies 'of the month' without specifying which month; the Coptic has ⲛⲥⲟⲩ ⲓ︦︦ⲇ︦ ⲛⲉⲡⲏⲡ, where ⲉⲡⲏⲡ is likely ⲉⲡⲓⲡ (Epip) or a corruption.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"caution","text":"The Coptic ⲛⲥⲟⲩ ⲓ︦︦ⲇ︦ ⲛⲉⲡⲏⲡ is ambiguous: ⲉⲡⲏⲡ may be a scribal error for ⲉⲡⲓⲡ (Epip) or a month name not otherwise attested. The English draft omits the month entirely, which obscures the dating.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The month name ⲉⲡⲏⲡ is uncertain; it may be a corruption of ⲉⲡⲓⲡ (Epip) or a different month.","The phrase ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲫⲟⲣϫϥ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲉⲫⲗⲟⲅⲟⲥ ⲙⲡⲉϥⲥⲱⲙⲁ ⲉⲑⲟⲩⲁⲃ could mean the body was separated from the tomb (ⲫⲗⲟⲅⲟⲥ) or from a reliquary; the English draft takes it as 'tomb'."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":71,"ref":"p71","source":"ⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱⲛϩ ⲛⲱⲧⲉⲛ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲁⲡⲟ ⲙⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥ ⲛⲛⲓϩⲃⲏⲟⲩⲓ ⲉⲧⲧⲁⲓⲏⲟⲩⲧ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲉⲛⲓⲱⲧ ⲛⲇⲓⲕⲁⲓⲟⲥ ⲛϩⲣⲏⲓ ϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲛ ϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲁⲓ ⲁⲣⲓ ⲉⲙⲓ ϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲁϣ ⲛⲣⲏϯ ⲧⲉ\nⲧⲡⲟⲗⲓⲧⲉⲓⲁ ⲙⲡⲁⲓⲣⲱⲙⲓ ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉⲓⲟⲥ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲙⲉⲑⲙⲏⲓ ⲕⲁⲓ ⲅⲁⲣ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱϣ ⲁⲛⲭⲱ ⲛⲥⲱⲛ ⲛϩⲁⲛ ⲙⲏϣ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲓⲙⲏⲓⲛⲓ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲛⲓϣⲫⲏⲣⲓ ⲓⲉ\nⲛⲓⲧⲁⲗϭⲟ ⲉⲩⲟϣ ⲉⲧⲁ ⲫϯ ⲉⲣⲉⲛⲉⲣⲅⲉⲓⲛ ⲙⲙⲱⲟⲩ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϩⲓⲧⲟⲧϥ ϫⲉ ϩⲓⲛⲁ\nⲛⲛⲉ ⲡⲓⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲁϣⲁⲓ ⲉⲡⲓϩⲟⲩⲟ. ⲧⲁⲭⲁ ⲛⲧⲟⲩⲙⲉⲩⲓ ⲉϯⲙⲉⲑⲙⲏⲓ ϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲙⲉⲑⲛⲟⲩϫ ⲧⲉ ⲉⲑⲃⲉ ⲡϩⲟⲩⲟ ⲛⲑⲙⲉⲧⲛⲓϣϯ ⲛⲛⲉϥϩⲃⲏⲟⲩⲓ ⲉⲧⲟⲓ ⲛϣⲫⲏⲣⲓ ⲕⲁⲓ\nⲅⲁⲣ ⲁⲗⲏⲑⲱⲥ ⲁϥϭⲓⲥⲓ ⲛⲧⲁⲓϧⲉ ⲧⲏⲣⲥ ϩⲱⲥⲧⲉ ⲛⲧⲉⲛϣⲧⲉⲙϫⲉⲙ ⲕⲉⲟⲩⲁⲓ\nⲙⲡⲉϥⲣⲏϯ ⲉⲁϥⲉⲣ ϩⲓⲥⲟⲥ ⲛⲉⲙⲁϥ ⲓⲉ ⲣⲱ ⲛⲥⲉϫⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲁϥϭⲓⲥⲓ ⲉⲣⲟϥ. ⲛⲓⲙ\nⲇⲉ ⲟⲩⲛ ⲡⲉ ⲉⲧⲁϥϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲉϥⲧⲉⲛⲑⲱⲛⲧ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲥⲏⲟⲩ ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲙⲁⲩ ϧⲉⲛ\nⲛⲉϥⲡⲟⲗⲓⲧⲉⲓⲁ ⲉⲧϭⲟⲥⲓ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲡⲉϥⲛⲁϩϯ ⲛⲁⲕⲣⲓⲃⲏⲥ ⲓⲉ ⲛⲑⲟϥ ⲡⲉϥϭⲓ ϣϣⲱⲟⲩ\nⲉϧⲟⲩⲛ ⲉⲫϯ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲧⲉϥⲥⲩⲛⲉⲓⲇⲏⲥⲓⲥ ⲉⲧⲧⲟⲩⲃⲏⲟⲩⲧ ⲉϧⲟⲩⲛ ⲉⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ.\nⲛⲓⲙ ⲇⲉ ⲟⲛ ⲡⲉ ⲉⲧⲁϥϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲉϥⲟⲛⲓ ⲙⲙⲟϥ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲉϥⲑⲉⲃⲓⲟ ⲉⲧⲟϣ ⲫⲁⲓ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϩⲓⲧⲟⲧϥ ⲁϥϧⲟⲙϧⲉⲙ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁϥⲟⲩⲱϫⲡ ⲛⲛⲓϩⲟⲡⲗⲟⲛ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲧϫⲟⲙ\nⲙⲡⲓϫⲁϫⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁϥϫⲱⲣ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲛⲧⲉϥⲡⲁⲛⲟⲡⲗⲓⲁ ⲉⲧⲉϥⲧⲁϫⲣⲏⲟⲩⲧ ⲛϧⲏⲧⲥ\nϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ ⲛⲓϧⲱⲕ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲧϧⲉⲗⲡⲓ ⲛⲧⲉϥⲛⲉϫⲓ ⲙⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲉⲧⲁϥϫⲟⲥ ⲛϫⲉ ⲡⲟ︦ⲥ︦ ⲛⲁϩⲣⲉⲛ","english":"of the manner, and this one who brought with him many other bishops, they completed the holy liturgy in a fitting manner, and they brought up the holy sacrifice, and they gave the entire multitude from the body and the holy blood. And they revealed to you from a part of the honorable deeds of our righteous father within, so that you might know from these what kind of life this perfect man had in truth. For indeed, in our desire, we have left aside many things from the signs and wonders or the healings which God works through him, so that the discourse might not become too lengthy. Perhaps you might think it is falsehood because of the greatness of his wondrous deeds. For truly, he labored in this entire manner so that we cannot find another like him, who strove with him, or even to say that he labored against himself. Who then is the one who became equal to him in that time in his lofty practices and his precise faith? Or he himself took upon himself the entrance to God and his pure conscience into every one. Who then also is the one who became strong in his severe humility? Through this, he strengthened and subdued all the weapons of the power of the enemy, and he cast out his panoply which was firm within him, through the completions of the hope of his faith, in the manner which the Lord said before us.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲟⲗⲓⲧⲉⲓⲁ","severity":"info","text":"The Greek loanword ⲡⲟⲗⲓⲧⲉⲓⲁ (politeia) here denotes the ascetic discipline or way of life of a monastic saint, a technical term in hagiography.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The abbreviation ⲡⲟⲥ (with a supralinear stroke) stands for ⲡⲓⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲡϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ, 'the word of the Lord,' introducing a dominical saying; the specific verse is not identified in the surviving text.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲁⲛⲟⲡⲗⲓⲁ","severity":"info","text":"The Greek loanword ⲡⲁⲛⲟⲡⲗⲓⲁ (panoplia) is a military metaphor for the full armor of spiritual virtue, common in ascetic literature to describe the monk's equipment against demonic forces.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage is a hortatory conclusion to the narrative, marked by rhetorical questions ('Who then is the one...') and a summary of Macarius's virtues, typical of Coptic hagiographic encomia.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁⲡⲟ ⲙⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥ","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase ⲁⲡⲟ ⲙⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥ (from a part) is ambiguous: it may mean 'from a portion' of the deeds or 'from a part' of the body; the context favors the former, but the Coptic is unclear.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase ⲁⲡⲟ ⲙⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥ could refer to a portion of the deeds or a part of the saint's body; the reading taken is 'from a part of the deeds' based on the preceding narrative context.","The dominical saying introduced by ⲡⲟⲥ is not quoted in the surviving text, leaving its content uncertain."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":72,"ref":"p72","source":"ⲡⲓⲛⲓϣϯ ϩⲱϥ ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲙⲁⲩ ⲓⲱⲃ ⲉϥⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲉⲑⲃⲉ ⲡⲓⲇⲓⲁⲃⲟⲗⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲧⲉϥϫⲟⲙ\nⲁⲥⲭⲏ ϧⲉⲛ ⲧⲉϥϯⲡⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲧⲉϥⲛⲟⲙϯ ϧⲉⲛ ϯϧⲉⲗⲡⲓ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲧⲉϥⲛⲉϫⲓ ⲫⲁⲓ\nⲉⲧⲁϥϧⲟⲙϧⲉⲙ ⲛⲁϩⲣⲉⲛ ⲡⲁⲓⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲩϭⲟϫⲓ ⲛⲥⲱϥ ϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ ϯϫⲟⲙ\nⲛⲧⲉ ⲫ︦ϯ︦ ⲉⲧⲭⲏ ⲛⲉⲙⲁϥ. ⲛⲓⲙ ⲇⲉ ⲟⲛ ⲉⲧⲁϥϯ ⲭⲁⲗⲓⲛⲟⲩⲥ ⲙⲡⲓⲑⲏⲣⲓⲟⲛ ⲉⲧϩⲱⲟⲩ ⲉⲧⲉ ⲡⲓϫⲱⲛⲧ ⲡⲉ ⲙⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲙⲫⲁⲓ ⲓⲉ ⲛⲓⲙ ⲡⲉ ⲉⲧⲁϥϫⲫⲟ ⲛⲁϥ ⲛⲟⲩⲙⲉⲧⲣⲉⲙⲣⲁⲩϣ ⲉϧⲟⲩⲛ ⲉⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩϩⲓⲥⲟⲛ ⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧ ⲙⲫⲣⲏϯ\nⲙⲡⲁⲓⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ. ⲛⲓⲙ ⲇⲉ ⲟⲛ ⲡⲉ ⲉⲧⲁϥϧⲱⲧⲉⲃ ⲛϯⲙⲉⲧϭⲁⲥⲓ ϩⲏⲧ ⲑⲃⲟϯ ⲙⲫ︦ϯ︦\nⲙⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲙⲫⲁⲓ ⲓⲉ ϯⲙⲉⲧϣⲟⲩϣⲟ ⲑⲁⲓ ⲉⲧϣⲟⲣϣⲉⲣ ⲙⲡϭⲓⲥⲓ ⲛⲑⲙⲉⲧⲉⲩⲅⲛⲱⲙⲟⲛ ⲛϯⲯⲩⲭⲏ ⲙⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲙⲡⲁⲓⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ. ⲁⲡⲁⲝ ⲁⲡⲗⲱⲥ ⲛⲓⲙ ⲡⲉ ⲉⲧⲁϥϣⲟⲣϣⲉⲣ ⲛⲧⲡⲣⲁⲅⲙⲁⲧⲉⲓⲁ ⲧⲏⲣⲥ ⲙⲡⲓϫⲁϫⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁϥⲁⲓⲧⲟⲩ ⲛⲥⲣⲁϩ ⲛϧⲣⲏⲓ\nⲛϧⲏⲧϥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁϥⲟⲩⲟⲛϩⲟⲩ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲛϧⲣⲏⲓ ⲛϧⲏⲧϥ ϩⲱⲥ ⲁⲧϣⲁⲩ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲣⲉϥⲧⲁⲕⲟ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲛⲓⲣⲱⲙⲓ ⲙⲡⲓⲣⲏϯ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲁⲓⲥ ⲛϫⲉ ⲡⲁⲓⲣⲱⲙⲓ ⲛⲑⲙⲏⲓ ⲕⲁⲓ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲁϥϩⲓⲟⲩⲓ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϩⲁⲣⲟϥ ϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ ⲧⲃⲟⲏⲑⲉⲓⲁ ⲙⲡⲉⲧϭⲟⲥⲓ ⲛⲛⲓⲕⲁⲕⲟⲇⲟⲝⲓⲁ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ\nⲛⲧⲉ ⲑⲙⲉⲧⲧⲩⲣⲁⲛⲛⲟⲥ ⲙⲡⲓⲇⲓⲁⲃⲟⲗⲟⲥ ϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ ⲡⲁϣⲁⲓ ⲛⲛⲉϥⲧⲱⲃϩ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲛⲉϥⲉⲣⲙⲱⲟⲩⲓ ⲉⲧⲟϣ ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲁϥⲓⲣⲓ ⲙⲙⲱⲟⲩ. ⲉⲛⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ ⲇⲉ ⲟⲩⲛ ⲉⲛⲁⲓ ⲱ ⲛⲁⲙⲉⲛⲣⲁϯ ⲙⲁⲣⲉ ⲫⲟⲩⲁⲓ ⲫⲟⲩⲁⲓ ⲙⲙⲟⲛ ⲟⲩⲱⲛϩ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲛⲧⲁⲓⲥⲡⲟⲩⲇⲏ ⲛϧⲣⲏⲓ\nⲛϧⲏⲧϥ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡϫⲱⲕ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲧⲁⲓϩⲉⲗⲡⲓⲥ ϣⲁ ϧⲁⲉ ϩⲱⲥ ⲛϫⲟⲩϣⲧ ϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲛ ϯⲛⲟⲩ","english":"the great one himself, Job, speaking concerning the devil, that his power\nhad its beginning in his deception and his strength in the hope of his casting down, this one\nwho prevailed before the holy one, and they pursued him through the power\nof God which was with him. Who also gave a bridle to the evil beast, which is the wrath, in the manner of this one, or who is it that generated for himself a rejoicing within all people in a single moment, in the manner\nof the holy one. Who also is it that cut down the pride, the abomination of God,\nin the manner of this one, or the arrogance that shatters the height of the good conscience of the soul, in the manner of this blessed one. Once and for all, who is it that shattered the entire enterprise of the enemy and made them a mockery within\nhimself and revealed them from within himself as worthless and destroyers of men, in the manner that this true man did. For indeed, he cast off from himself, through the help of the Most High, all the evil opinions\nof the tyranny of the devil, through the abundance of his prayers and his strong tears which he made. Now, when we hear these things, O my beloved, let each one of us reveal this zeal within\nhimself in the completion of this hope until the end, as if despising that now","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲯⲩⲭⲏ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic ⲯⲩⲭⲏ (Greek ψυχή) is rendered 'soul' per the pinned glossary, but in this context it refers to the inner moral self, as in 'the good conscience of the soul'.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲓⲱⲃ","severity":"info","text":"The mention of Job (ⲓⲱⲃ) as a model of endurance against the devil echoes the biblical figure, likely referencing the prologue of the Book of Job where Satan tests Job's faith.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲓⲇⲓⲁⲃⲟⲗⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The devil (ⲡⲓⲇⲓⲁⲃⲟⲗⲟⲥ) is portrayed as a tyrant whose power is rooted in deception, a common theme in Coptic hagiography where the saint's asceticism defeats demonic forces.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲛⲓⲙ ⲇⲉ ⲟⲛ","severity":"info","text":"The repeated rhetorical question 'Who also is it...' (ⲛⲓⲙ ⲇⲉ ⲟⲛ) structures the passage as a series of praises, comparing Macarius to Job and emphasizing his unique virtues.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲱ ⲛⲁⲙⲉⲛⲣⲁϯ","severity":"info","text":"The direct address 'O my beloved' (ⲱ ⲛⲁⲙⲉⲛⲣⲁϯ) is a hortatory device typical of Coptic homilies, inviting the audience to emulate Macarius's zeal, reflecting the text's liturgical use.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁⲡⲁⲝ ⲁⲡⲗⲱⲥ","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase ⲁⲡⲁⲝ ⲁⲡⲗⲱⲥ ('once and for all') may be a scribal insertion or a rhetorical intensifier; the Coptic text here is not entirely clear, and the English draft smooths it over.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase 'ⲁⲡⲁⲝ ⲁⲡⲗⲱⲥ' could be read as a single adverbial expression or as two separate emphatic particles; the reading taken is as a rhetorical intensifier.","The reference to 'ⲡⲓⲇⲓⲁⲃⲟⲗⲟⲥ' may be generic or specifically allude to the devil in the Book of Job; the reading taken is the latter."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":73,"ref":"p73","source":"ⲉⲧⲁⲛⲁⲥⲧⲣⲟⲫⲏ ⲙⲡⲁⲓⲣⲱⲙⲓ ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉⲓⲟⲥ ⲁⲓⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲉⲡⲉⲛⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲛⲓⲱⲧ\nⲙⲁⲣⲉⲛⲓⲛⲓ ⲙⲫ︦ϯ︦ ⲛⲛⲓⲕⲁⲣⲡⲟⲥ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲓⲡ︦ⲛ︦ⲁ︦ ⲡⲣⲟⲥ ⲛⲏ ⲉⲧⲁⲛⲛⲁⲩ ⲉⲣⲱⲟⲩ\nⲛϧⲣⲏⲓ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲉϥⲃⲓⲟⲥ ⲛϣⲫⲏⲣⲓ ⲉⲁⲛⲉⲣⲍⲱⲅⲣⲁⲫⲉⲓⲛ ⲙⲙⲱⲟⲩ ⲁⲙⲁ ⲛⲁϩⲣⲉⲛ ⲛⲉⲛⲃⲁⲗ ⲛⲥⲏⲟⲩ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲁⲓ ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲛⲧⲁⲟⲩⲟ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲛⲛⲓⲟⲩⲧⲁϩ ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲡⲣⲉⲡⲉⲓ ⲙⲡⲓⲃⲓⲟⲥ ⲛⲥⲉⲙⲛⲟⲛ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲑⲁϩⲙⲉⲛ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ⲛϫⲉ ⲡⲭ︦ⲥ︦\nⲡⲉⲛⲛⲟⲩϯ ϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ ⲛⲓⲡⲣⲉⲥⲃⲉⲓⲁ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲉⲛⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲛⲓⲱⲧ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲧⲉϥⲥⲃⲱ ⲉⲟⲩⲥⲟⲡ\nⲡⲣⲟⲥ ⲛⲏ ⲉⲧⲁϥϭⲓ ⲙⲱⲓⲧ ⲛⲁⲛ ⲉⲣⲱⲟⲩ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁϥϯ ⲫⲟⲩⲱⲓⲛⲓ ⲛⲁⲛ ⲡϧⲏⲧⲟⲩ\nϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ ⲧⲉϥⲛⲓϣϯ ⲙⲙⲉⲧⲉⲩⲫⲩⲏⲥ ⲉϧⲟⲩⲛ ⲉⲛⲓⲁⲣⲉⲧⲏ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲫ︦ϯ︦. ⲕⲁⲓ ⲅⲁⲣ\nⲁϥϣⲱⲡⲓ ϩⲱϥ ⲛⲟⲩⲁⲡⲟⲥⲧⲟⲗⲟⲥ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲉϥⲥⲏⲟⲩ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲙⲡⲉϥϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲉϥϫⲟϫⲉⲃ ⲉⲛⲓⲛⲓϣϯ ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲙⲁⲩ ⲡⲉⲧⲣⲟⲥ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲓⲱϩⲁⲛⲛⲏⲥ ⲛⲏ ⲉⲑⲟⲩⲁⲃ ⲛⲁⲡⲟⲥⲧⲟⲗⲟⲥ ϧⲉⲛ ϩⲗⲓ ⲛϩⲱⲃ ϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ ⲛⲏ ⲉⲧⲁⲛⲛⲁⲩ ⲉⲣⲱⲟⲩ ⲛⲛⲉⲛⲃⲁⲗ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲛⲏ\nⲉⲧⲁⲛⲥⲟⲑⲙⲟⲩ ϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ ϩⲁⲛ ⲕⲉⲭⲱⲟⲩⲛⲓ ⲉⲩⲉⲛϩⲟⲧ ⲛⲁⲓ ⲉⲧⲉ ⲛⲁ ϯⲛⲟⲩ ⲁⲛ ⲛⲉ\nⲉⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲉⲣⲱⲟⲩ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲙⲉⲣⲟⲥ ⲉⲑⲃⲉ ϫⲉ ⲟⲩϣⲓ ϧⲉⲛ ϩⲱⲃ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ ϥⲥⲟⲧⲡ ⲛⲁϩⲣⲉⲛ ⲫ︦ϯ︦ ⲟⲩⲁⲓ ⲙⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲛ ϫⲉ ϯⲛⲟⲩ ⲙⲙⲟⲛ ⲙⲁⲣⲉϥⲓⲛⲓ ⲉϧⲟⲩⲛ ⲙⲫ︦ϯ︦ ⲛⲟⲩⲙⲉⲧⲛⲁⲏⲧ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲃⲁⲗ ⲙⲙⲉⲧⲁⲅⲁⲑⲟⲥ ⲡⲣⲟⲥ ⲑⲏ ⲉⲧⲉ ⲑⲱϥ ⲛϫⲟⲙ ⲕⲉⲟⲩⲁⲓ\nⲛⲟⲩⲁⲅⲁⲡⲏ ⲉⲫ︦ϯ︦ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲟⲩⲙⲉⲓ ⲛϩⲏⲧ ⲉϧⲟⲩⲛ ⲉⲛⲉϥϣⲫⲏⲣ ⲙⲙⲉⲗⲟⲥ ⲟⲩⲁⲓ","english":"the transformation of this perfect man, I spoke concerning our blessed father. Let us bring in the fruits of the Spirit to those whom we have seen in his wonderful life, for we have depicted them, behold, before our eyes at all times, and in these let us set forth the virtues that are fitting for the life of the solitary, which Christ our God has commanded us through the intercessions of our holy father and his teaching at one time, to those who have taken the path for us to them and he gave us light in their midst through his great magnanimity into the virtues according to God. For indeed he himself became an apostle in his time, and he did not become inferior to those great ones, Peter and John the holy apostles, in any matter through those whom we have seen with our eyes and those whom we have heard through other trustworthy ones, which are not now to be spoken of in detail, because each matter is chosen before God, one indeed because now there is not, let him bring in to God a mercy in a good eye of goodness to the one whose power is another, a love for God and a compassion of heart towards his fellow members, one.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ⲁⲡⲟⲥⲧⲟⲗⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The Coptic term ⲁⲡⲟⲥⲧⲟⲗⲟⲥ (apostle) is used here to compare Macarius to Peter and John, the holy apostles, emphasizing his apostolic authority.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲉⲧⲣⲟⲥ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲓⲱϩⲁⲛⲛⲏⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The mention of Peter and John as holy apostles echoes New Testament figures (e.g., Acts 3–4, Galatians 2:9), reinforcing Macarius’s apostolic stature.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"background","lemma":"ⲃⲓⲟⲥ ⲛϣⲫⲏⲣⲓ","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'wonderful life' (ⲃⲓⲟⲥ ⲛϣⲫⲏⲣⲓ) is a hagiographic topos, presenting Macarius’s biography as a model of ascetic perfection for the solitary life.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲉⲧⲁⲛⲁⲥⲧⲣⲟⲫⲏ ⲙⲡⲁⲓⲣⲱⲙⲓ ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉⲓⲟⲥ","severity":"info","text":"This passage opens with a rhetorical shift ('the transformation of this perfect man'), marking a transition from narrative to exhortation, typical of hagiographic conclusions.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"background","lemma":"ⲛⲓⲟⲩⲧⲁϩ ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲡⲣⲉⲡⲉⲓ ⲙⲡⲓⲃⲓⲟⲥ ⲛⲥⲉⲙⲛⲟⲛ","severity":"info","text":"The 'virtues fitting for the life of the solitary' (ⲛⲓⲟⲩⲧⲁϩ ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲡⲣⲉⲡⲉⲓ ⲙⲡⲓⲃⲓⲟⲥ ⲛⲥⲉⲙⲛⲟⲛ) reflect the monastic ideal of the desert fathers, central to Coptic hagiography.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲟⲩϣⲓ ϧⲉⲛ ϩⲱⲃ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase 'each matter is chosen before God' (ⲟⲩϣⲓ ϧⲉⲛ ϩⲱⲃ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ) is syntactically ambiguous; it may mean that every deed is divinely selected, or that the author omits details for brevity.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The Coptic phrase ⲟⲩϣⲓ ϧⲉⲛ ϩⲱⲃ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ is ambiguous: it could mean 'each matter is chosen before God' or 'there is a choice in every matter'.","The clause ⲉⲧⲉ ⲛⲁ ϯⲛⲟⲩ ⲁⲛ ⲛⲉ ⲉⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲉⲣⲱⲟⲩ is unclear; it may indicate that certain testimonies are not to be discussed now, or that they are not currently available."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[{"kind":"terminology","severity":"info","term":"ⲁⲡⲟⲥⲧⲟⲗⲟⲥ","text":"ⲁⲡⲟⲥⲧⲟⲗⲟⲥ → “apostle”. Standard rendering; first occurrence is noted here, the term recurs below."}]},{"i":74,"ref":"p74","source":"ⲛⲟⲩⲁⲥⲕⲏⲥⲓⲥ ⲉⲥⲥⲁⲃⲟⲗ ⲙⲙⲉⲧⲣⲱⲙⲓ ⲕⲉⲟⲩⲁⲓ ⲛⲟⲩϣⲣⲱⲓⲥ ⲉⲛⲁⲛⲉϥ ϧⲉⲛ\nⲟⲩϣⲓ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲟⲩⲣⲱⲓⲥ ⲟⲩⲁⲓ ⲛⲟⲩϣⲗⲏⲗ ⲉϥⲧⲟⲩⲃⲏⲟⲩⲧ ⲕⲉⲟⲩⲁⲓ ⲛⲟⲩⲙⲉⲑⲙⲏⲓ\nⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲓⲗⲁⲥ ⲟⲩⲁⲓ ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲟⲩⲃⲟ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲓⲥⲱⲙⲁ ⲛⲉⲙ ϯⲯⲩⲭⲏ ⲕⲉⲟⲩⲁⲓ ⲛⲟⲩⲉⲅⲕⲣⲁⲧⲉⲓⲁ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲟⲩⲥⲩⲛⲉⲓⲇⲏⲥⲓⲥ ⲉⲛⲁⲛⲉⲥ ⲉϧⲟⲩⲛ ⲉⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ ⲛϥϯ ϭⲣⲟⲡ\nⲁⲛ ⲛϩⲗⲓ ϫⲉ ⲛⲛⲉ ⲡⲉϥϣⲉⲙϣⲓ ⲑⲱⲗⲉⲃ. ⲁⲡⲗⲱⲥ ⲙⲁⲣⲉ ⲫⲟⲩⲁⲓ ⲫⲟⲩⲁⲓ\nⲙⲙⲟⲛ ϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲉϥⲥⲉⲃⲧⲱⲧ ⲡⲣⲟⲥ ⲛⲏ ⲉⲧⲁⲛϫⲟⲧⲟⲩ ϯⲛⲟⲩ ϫⲉ ϩⲓⲛⲁ ⲉϥⲉⲛⲁⲩ\nⲛϫⲉ ⲡⲉⲛⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲛⲓⲱⲧ ⲉⲛⲁⲓⲕⲁⲣⲡⲟⲥ ⲉⲑⲛⲁⲛⲉⲩ ⲉⲩϯ ⲟⲩⲧⲁϩ ⲛϧⲏⲧⲉⲛ\nⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲩⲉⲣⲗⲁⲙⲡⲉⲓⲛ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲉⲛⲃⲓⲟⲥ ⲛⲥⲏⲟⲩ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲧⲉϥϯ ϩⲟ ⲉϩⲣⲏⲓ\nⲉϫⲱⲛ ϧⲁⲧⲉⲛ ⲫⲏ ⲉⲧⲉϥϧⲁⲧⲟⲧϥ ⲡⲭ︦ⲥ︦ ϫⲉ ϩⲓⲛⲁ ⲭⲁⲥ ⲉⲩⲉϩⲟⲡⲧⲉⲛ ⲛⲉⲙⲁϥ\nϩⲱⲛ ϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲓⲙⲁ ⲉⲧⲁϥϣⲁϣⲛⲓ ⲉⲣⲱⲟⲩ ⲛϩⲣⲏⲓ ϧⲉⲛ ⲑⲙⲉⲧⲟⲩⲣⲟ ⲛⲛⲓⲫⲏⲟⲩⲓ\nⲉⲑⲙⲏⲛ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲛⲁⲓ ⲉⲥⲉϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲛⲁⲛ ⲉⲑⲣⲉⲛϣⲁϣⲛⲓ ⲉⲣⲱⲟⲩ ⲛⲉⲙⲁϥ ⲉⲟⲩⲥⲟⲡ\nϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓϩⲙⲟⲧ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲛⲓⲙⲉⲧϣⲉⲛϩⲏⲧ ⲛⲉⲙ ϯⲙⲉⲧⲙⲁⲓⲣⲱⲙⲓ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲉⲛⲟ︦ⲥ︦\nⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲉⲛⲛⲟⲩϯ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲉⲛⲥⲱⲧⲏⲣ ⲓⲏ︦ⲥ︦ ⲡⲭ︦ⲥ︦ ⲫⲁⲓ ⲉⲧⲉ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϩⲓⲧⲟⲧϥ ⲉⲣⲉ\nⲱⲟⲩ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲧⲁⲓⲟ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲡⲣⲟⲥⲕⲩⲛⲏⲥⲓⲥ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ ⲉⲣⲡⲣⲉⲡⲉⲓ ⲙⲫⲓⲱⲧ\nⲛⲉⲙⲁϥ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲡⲓⲡ︦ⲛ︦ⲁ︦ ⲉⲑⲟⲩⲁⲃ ⲛⲣⲉϥⲧⲁⲛϧⲟ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲟⲙⲟⲟⲩⲥⲓⲟⲥ ⲛⲉⲙⲁϥ\nϯⲛⲟⲩ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲛⲥⲏⲟⲩ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ ⲛⲉⲙ ϣⲁ ⲉⲛⲉϩ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲛⲓⲉⲛⲉϩ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲁⲙⲏⲛ.","english":"an asceticism that teaches man, and one of a good vigil in a night and a vigil, one of a pure prayer, and one of a true confession of the laity, one of a purity of the body and the soul, and one of a temperance and a good conscience within everyone, he does not give us an opportunity that his service might be disturbed. Simply, let each one of us be prepared for those things which we have recounted now, so that our blessed father may see these good fruits, they give a taste within us, and they shine in our life at all times, and he may look down upon us before the one who is with him, Christ, so that we may be joined with him together in the places which he has desired in the kingdom of the heavens, continually. These things will be for us that we may desire them with him at one time in the grace and the humility and the philanthropy of our Lord and our God and our Savior Jesus Christ, from whom are all glory and all honor and all adoration, which are fitting for the Father and the Holy Spirit, the life-giver and consubstantial with him, now and at all times and forever and ever, amen.","structure":"doxology","commentary":[{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲁⲙⲏⲛ","severity":"info","text":"The passage closes with ⲁⲙⲏⲛ, the standard liturgical ending of a doxology in Coptic hagiography, confirming the structural classification.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ϯⲯⲩⲭⲏ","severity":"info","text":"ϯⲯⲩⲭⲏ (Greek ψυχή) is rendered 'soul' here, as the phrase ⲟⲩⲧⲟⲩⲃⲟ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲓⲥⲱⲙⲁ ⲛⲉⲙ ϯⲯⲩⲭⲏ distinguishes bodily purity from the soul's purity.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲟⲩⲁⲓ ⲛⲟⲩⲙⲉⲑⲙⲏⲓ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲓⲗⲁⲥ","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'a true confession of the laity' (ⲟⲩⲁⲓ ⲛⲟⲩⲙⲉⲑⲙⲏⲓ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲓⲗⲁⲥ) reflects the monastic ideal of lay confession, a practice attested in early Egyptian monasticism.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲡⲭ︦ⲥ︦","severity":"info","text":"The nomina sacra ⲡⲭ︦ⲥ︦ (Christ) and ⲓⲏ︦ⲥ︦ ⲡⲭ︦ⲥ︦ (Jesus Christ) are standard scribal abbreviations in Coptic manuscripts, indicating liturgical use and reverence.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ⲛϥϯ ϭⲣⲟⲡ ⲁⲛ ⲛϩⲗⲓ","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase ⲛϥϯ ϭⲣⲟⲡ ⲁⲛ ⲛϩⲗⲓ is ambiguous: it may mean 'he does not give us an opportunity' (as in the draft) or 'he does not give anyone an opportunity'; the reading adopted follows the context of exhortation.","cites":[{"key":"ed:amelineau-monks.life-of-macarius-the-great","label":"source edition: Life of Macarius the Great","url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CopticScriptorium/OCR/main/Amelineau%20Monks%20of%20Egypt%20OCR%20Results/Life%20of%20Macarius%20the%20Great%20Results/complete.txt"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase ⲛϥϯ ϭⲣⲟⲡ ⲁⲛ ⲛϩⲗⲓ could be read as 'he does not give us an opportunity' or 'he does not give anyone an opportunity'; the draft adopts the former for coherence with the preceding list of virtues.","The clause ⲉⲩⲉϩⲟⲡⲧⲉⲛ ⲛⲉⲙⲁϥ is obscure; the draft renders 'we may be joined with him', but the verb ⲉϩⲟⲡⲧⲉⲛ is rare and may be a scribal error for ⲉϩⲟⲡⲧⲉⲛ (to join) or ⲉϩⲟⲡⲧⲉⲛ (to be united)."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[{"kind":"structure","severity":"info","label":"doxology","text":"Classified as doxology from the Coptic cues."}]}]}