{"slug":"adisn","id":"georgian:titus:adisn","title":"Redaction of Khanmeti and Adishi Gospels","author":"Anonymous","genre":"bible","date":"","tradition":"georgian","coverage":"biblical-version","coverage_claim":{"status":"biblical-version","text":"This is a version of a biblical text. English Bibles exist; an English translation of this particular version was not searched for."},"publication":{"status":"machine-draft","reviewed_by":null,"model":"deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash:floor","provider":"Relace","generated":"2026-11-15T00:59:14Z","cost_usd":0.001556},"source":{"registry_id":"georgian:titus:adisn","work_id":"adisn","edition":"titus","language":"","license":"This text is part of the TITUS edition of Tetraevangelium (e codicibus chanmetico et Adishi). Copyright TITUS Project, Frankfurt a/M, 16.2.2022. No parts of this document may be republished in any form without prior permission by the copyright holder.","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etca/cauc/ageo/nt/adisnt/adisn.htm"},"stats":{"passages":2,"english_words":419,"coptic_letters":0,"commentary_units":11,"commentary_kinds":7,"derived_notes":2,"ambiguities":3,"work_notes":4,"external_links":0,"timeline":5},"summary":{"work":"adisn","abstract":"This redaction combines the Khanmeti and Adishi Gospels, two early recensions of the Georgian Gospels. The Khanmeti recension preserves archaic linguistic features, such as the 'khan' consonant, while the Adishi Gospels are dated to the 9th century. These manuscripts were used in the Georgian liturgical tradition and later served as textual witnesses for critical editions of the Georgian New Testament. The redaction does not include a full critical apparatus or variant readings from other Georgian Gospel manuscripts, limiting its use for comprehensive textual criticism.","historical_context":"The Khanmeti and Adishi Gospels originate from the early medieval Georgian church, likely produced in monastic scriptoria within the Kingdom of Georgia or its cultural sphere. The Khanmeti recension, based on paleographic and linguistic evidence, dates to the 8th–9th centuries, while the Adishi Gospels are firmly dated to the 9th century. The language is Old Georgian, written in the Khutsuri script. These manuscripts were part of the Georgian liturgical tradition, used for readings in the divine liturgy. They belong to the genre of Gospel books (tetraevangelia) and are related to other early Georgian Gospel manuscripts, such as the Opiza and Parkhali Gospels. The transmission of these texts reflects the development of the Georgian biblical canon and the influence of Byzantine and Syriac textual traditions.","significance":"This redaction is significant for studying the early textual history of the Georgian New Testament and the development of the Georgian language. It preserves archaic linguistic features and variant readings that inform critical editions. The inclusion of distinctive elements, such as the explicit reference to the Babylonian captivity, highlights local scribal traditions and theological emphases.","timeline":[{"date":"8th–9th c.","event":"Khanmeti recension of the Georgian Gospels produced, preserving archaic linguistic features."},{"date":"9th c.","event":"Adishi Gospels copied, representing a later recension of the Georgian Gospels."},{"date":"9th–10th c.","event":"These manuscripts used in Georgian liturgical practice."},{"date":"18th–19th c.","event":"Manuscripts rediscovered and studied by scholars."},{"date":"20th c.","event":"Used as textual witnesses for critical editions of the Georgian New Testament."}],"relations":[{"work":"Opiza Gospels","relation":"Another early Georgian Gospel manuscript, similar in date and textual tradition.","key":"","label":null,"url":null},{"work":"Parkhali Gospels","relation":"Contemporary Georgian Gospel manuscript, used for comparative textual criticism.","key":"","label":null,"url":null},{"work":"Georgian New Testament critical editions","relation":"These manuscripts served as sources for modern critical editions.","key":"","label":null,"url":null}],"external_links":[],"cautions":["The exact date of the Khanmeti recension is uncertain; it is estimated to the 8th–9th centuries based on paleographic and linguistic evidence.","The redaction does not include a full critical apparatus, limiting its use for comprehensive textual criticism.","The attribution to specific scribes or scriptoria is unknown."],"model":"deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash:floor","provider":"Relace","cost_usd":0.000395,"generated":"2026-11-15T00:18:58Z"},"checks":{"work":"adisn","status":"pass","blocking":[],"warnings":[],"stats":{"passages":2,"translated":2,"commentary_passages":2,"commentary_units":11,"english_words":419,"source_letters":1737,"commentary_kinds":7},"model":"deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash:floor"},"work_notes":[{"unit":"transmission","kind":"transmission","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The Khanmeti and Adishi Gospels represent two early recensions of the Georgian Gospels, with Khanmeti preserving archaic linguistic features (e.g., the 'khan' consonant) that later manuscripts lost.","cites":[{"key":"ed:adisn","label":"source edition: Redaction of Khanmeti and Adishi Gospels","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etca/cauc/ageo/nt/adisnt/adisn.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"dating","kind":"chronology","basis":"background","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The Adishi Gospels are dated to the 9th century, while the Khanmeti recension is earlier, likely 8th–9th century, based on paleographic and linguistic evidence.","cites":[{"key":"ed:adisn","label":"source edition: Redaction of Khanmeti and Adishi Gospels","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etca/cauc/ageo/nt/adisnt/adisn.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"background","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"These manuscripts were used in the Georgian liturgical tradition and later served as textual witnesses for critical editions of the Georgian New Testament.","cites":[{"key":"ed:adisn","label":"source edition: Redaction of Khanmeti and Adishi Gospels","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etca/cauc/ageo/nt/adisnt/adisn.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"sense","kind":"sense","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"caution","text":"This redaction does not include full critical apparatus or variant readings from other Georgian Gospel manuscripts, limiting its use for comprehensive textual criticism.","cites":[{"key":"ed:adisn","label":"source edition: Redaction of Khanmeti and Adishi Gospels","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etca/cauc/ageo/nt/adisnt/adisn.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"derived_work_notes":[{"kind":"coverage","severity":"caution","text":"This is a version of a biblical text. English Bibles exist; an English translation of this particular version was not searched for."},{"kind":"limit","severity":"caution","text":"The English is a machine draft produced passage by passage from the transcribed Coptic; no human has verified it. The commentary is model-written and cites only keys the pipeline could resolve."},{"kind":"register","severity":"info","text":"Register: bible in Old Georgian; the English keeps the liturgical formulae and the vocatives rather than normalising them."},{"kind":"structure","severity":"info","text":"Passages: 2 narrative."},{"kind":"caution","severity":"caution","text":"2 passage(s) are fragmentary in the source; the English bridges each break and says so in the note."},{"kind":"source","severity":"info","text":"Source edition: titus — This text is part of the TITUS edition of Tetraevangelium (e codicibus chanmetico et Adishi). Copyright TITUS Project, Frankfurt a/M, 16.2.2022. No parts of this document may be republished in any form without prior permission by the copyright holder."}],"derived_structure":{"narrative":2},"term_index":[],"citations":{"ed:adisn":{"label":"source edition: Redaction of Khanmeti and Adishi Gospels","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etca/cauc/ageo/nt/adisnt/adisn.htm"}},"segments":[{"i":1,"ref":"p1","source":"მათე სახარებაჲ მა[თჱსი]\n\n[წ]იგნი შობისა იესუ ქრისტჱსი, ძისა დავითისი, ძისა აბრაჰამისი. აბრაჰამ შვა ისაკი; ისაკმან შვა იაკობი; იაკობ შვა იუდა და ძმანი მისნი; ხოლო იუდა შვა ფარჱზ და ზარა თამარისგან; და ფარეზ შვა ესრომ; და ეზრომ შვა არამ; არამ შვ[ა ამი]ნადაბ; ამინადაბ შვა ნასონ; ნასონ შვა სალმონ; სალმონ შვა ბოოზ რექაბისგან; ბოოზ შვა იობედ რუთისგან; იობედ შვა იესე; იესე შვა დავით მეფე; დავით მეფემან შვა სოლომონი ურიაჲს ცოლისაგან; სოლომონ შვა რობოამ; [რობო]ამ შვა აბია; აბია შვა ასაფი; ასაფ შვა იოსაფატ; იოსაფატ შვა იორამ; იორამ შვა ოზია; ოზია შვა იოათამ; იოათამ შვა აქაზ; აქაზ შვა ეზეკია; ეზეკია შვა მანასე; მანასე შვა ამონი; ამონ შვა იოსია; იოსია შვა იოაკიმ; იოაკიმ შვა იექონია და ძმანი მისნი ტყუეობასა მას ბაბილოვნისასა. შემდგომად ტყუეობისა მის ბაბილოვნისა იექონია შვა სალათიელი; სალათიელმან შვა ზორობაბელ; ზორობაბელ შვა აბიუდ; აბიუდ შვა ელიაკიმ; ელიაკიმ შვა აზორ; აზორ შვა სადუკ; სადუკ შვა აქიმ; აქიმ შვა ელიუდ; ელიუდ შვა ელეაზარ; ელეაზარ შვა მატთან; მატთან შვა იაკობ; იაკობ შვა იოსეფ, ქმარი მარიამისი, რომლისაგან იშვა იესუ, რომელსა ჰრქჳან ქრისტჱ.","english":"The Gospel of Matthew [the Gospel of Matthew]\n\nThe book of the genealogy of Jesus Christ, son of David, son of Abraham. Abraham begat Isaac; Isaac begat Jacob; Jacob begat Judah and his brothers; and Judah begat Perez and Zerah from Tamar; and Perez begat Hezron; and Hezron begat Ram; Ram begat Aminadab; Aminadab begat Nahshon; Nahshon begat Salmon; Salmon begat Boaz from Rahab; Boaz begat Obed from Ruth; Obed begat Jesse; Jesse begat King David; King David begat Solomon from the wife of Uriah; Solomon begat Rehoboam; Rehoboam begat Abijah; Abijah begat Asa; Asa begat Jehoshaphat; Jehoshaphat begat Joram; Joram begat Uzziah; Uzziah begat Jotham; Jotham begat Ahaz; Ahaz begat Hezekiah; Hezekiah begat Manasseh; Manasseh begat Amon; Amon begat Josiah; Josiah begat Jehoiakim; Jehoiakim begat Jeconiah and his brothers in the captivity of Babylon. After the captivity of Babylon, Jeconiah begat Salathiel; Salathiel begat Zerubbabel; Zerubbabel begat Abiud; Abiud begat Eliakim; Eliakim begat Azor; Azor begat Sadoc; Sadoc begat Achim; Achim begat Eliud; Eliud begat Eleazar; Eleazar begat Matthan; Matthan begat Jacob; Jacob begat Joseph, the husband of Mary, from whom was born Jesus, who is called Christ.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"მათე სახარებაჲ მა[თჱსი]","severity":"info","text":"The opening title 'The Gospel of Matthew' is repeated, likely a scribal or redactional feature in the Khanmeti and Adishi manuscripts.","cites":[{"key":"ed:adisn","label":"source edition: Redaction of Khanmeti and Adishi Gospels","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etca/cauc/ageo/nt/adisnt/adisn.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ტყუეობასა მას ბაბილოვნისასა","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'in the captivity of Babylon' reflects the Old Georgian term for the Babylonian exile, a key chronological marker in the genealogy.","cites":[{"key":"ed:adisn","label":"source edition: Redaction of Khanmeti and Adishi Gospels","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etca/cauc/ageo/nt/adisnt/adisn.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"აბრაჰამ შვა ისაკი","severity":"info","text":"This genealogy closely follows Matthew 1:1-16, listing ancestors from Abraham to Jesus, with variations in spelling and order typical of early Georgian Gospel manuscripts.","cites":[{"key":"ed:adisn","label":"source edition: Redaction of Khanmeti and Adishi Gospels","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etca/cauc/ageo/nt/adisnt/adisn.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"დავით მეფემან შვა სოლომონი ურიაჲს ცოლისაგან","severity":"info","text":"The mention of Solomon born from 'the wife of Uriah' (Bathsheba) reflects a direct translation of the Matthean genealogy, emphasizing David's sin, a point often noted in patristic commentary.","cites":[{"key":"ed:adisn","label":"source edition: Redaction of Khanmeti and Adishi Gospels","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etca/cauc/ageo/nt/adisnt/adisn.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"transmission","kind":"transmission","basis":"text","lemma":"იექონია და ძმანი მისნი ტყუეობასა მას ბაბილოვნისასა","severity":"info","text":"The inclusion of Jeconiah's brothers and the explicit reference to the Babylonian captivity is a distinctive feature of the Khanmeti and Adishi redactions, not present in all Georgian Gospel manuscripts.","cites":[{"key":"ed:adisn","label":"source edition: Redaction of Khanmeti and Adishi Gospels","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etca/cauc/ageo/nt/adisnt/adisn.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"სალმონ შვა ბოოზ რექაბისგან","severity":"caution","text":"The text states 'Salmon begat Boaz from Rahab', but the biblical genealogy (Ruth 4:21) gives Boaz as son of Salmon and Rahab; the name 'Rekab' may be a scribal variant or error for Rahab.","cites":[{"key":"ed:adisn","label":"source edition: Redaction of Khanmeti and Adishi Gospels","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etca/cauc/ageo/nt/adisnt/adisn.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The genealogy includes names with variant spellings (e.g., 'Rekab' for Rahab) and the repetition of the title, which may indicate scribal practices or textual corruption in the Khanmeti and Adishi manuscripts."],"confidence":"high","notes":[{"kind":"lacuna","severity":"caution","text":"The source is fragmentary here: the edition marks a break or an editorial bracket, and the English carries across it. Treat the bridge as supplied, not translated."}]},{"i":2,"ref":"p2","source":"ყოველი ნათესავი აბრაამითგან ვიდრე დავითისა[დმდე] ნათესავი ათოთხმეტ, და დავითისითგან ვიდრე ტყუეობადმდე ბაბილონისა ნათესავი ათოთხმეტ, და ტყუენვითგან ბაბილონისაჲთ ვიდრე ქრისტესამდე ნათესავი ათოთხმეტ. ხოლო იესუ ქრისტეს შობაჲ ესრეთ იყო: რამეთუ თხოილ იყო დედაჲ მისი მარიამ იოსეფისა. [და ვიდრე] შერთვადმდე მათა იპოვა მიდგომილ სულისაგან წმიდისა. ხოლო იოსეფ, ქმარი მარიამისი, მართალი იყო და არა უნდა განმხილებაჲ მისი, იზრახა ფარულად განტევებაჲ მისი. და ვითარ იგი ამას ზრახვიდა ოდენ, აჰა, ანგელოზი უფლისაჲ ჩუენებით გამოუჩნდა მას და ჰრქუა: იოსებ, ძეო დავითისო, ნუ გეშინინ მიყვანებად მარიამისა, ცოლისა შენისა, რამეთუ რომელი-იგი მაგისგან იშვეს, სულისაგან წმიდისა არს. შვეს ძჱ და უწოდიან სახელი მისი იესუ, რამეთუ მან იჴსნეს ერი თჳსი ცოდვათა მათთაგა[ნ]. ესე ყოველი იქმნა, რაჲთა აღესრულოს თქუმული უფლისა მიერ წინაჲსწარმეტყუელისაგან, რომელი თქჳს: აჰა ქალწული მიუდგეს და შვეს ძჱ და უწოდიან სახელი მისი ენმანუელ, რომელ არს თარგმანებით: ჩუენ თანა ღმერთი. განიღჳძა იოსეფ ძილისაგან და ყო ეგრე, ვითარცა უბრძანა მას ანგელოზმა[ნ უფლისა]მან, და წარიყვანა ცოლი თჳსი. და არა იცოდა იგი, ვიდრემდე შვა ძჱ, და უწოდეს სახელი მისი იესუ.","english":"Every generation from Abraham to David was fourteen generations, and from David to the Babylonian captivity was fourteen generations, and from the Babylonian captivity to Christ was fourteen generations. Now the birth of Jesus Christ was thus: for the mother of him, Mary, was betrothed to Joseph. And before they were joined, she was found to be with child from the Holy Spirit. But Joseph, the husband of Mary, was righteous and did not wish to expose her; he planned to secretly put her away. And as he was just pondering this, behold, an angel of the Lord appeared to him in a dream and said: Joseph, son of David, do not fear to take Mary, your wife, for that which is born from her is from the Holy Spirit. She will bear a son, and his name will be called Jesus, for he will save his people from their sins. All this was done so that the word of the Lord through the prophet might be fulfilled, which says: Behold, a virgin will conceive and bear a son, and his name will be called Emmanuel, which is interpreted: God with us. Joseph awoke from his sleep and did as the angel of the Lord had commanded him, and he took his wife. And he did not know her until she bore a son, and they called his name Jesus.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"ნათესავი ... ათოთხმეტ","severity":"info","text":"The threefold repetition of 'fourteen generations' creates a schematic genealogy from Abraham to Christ, a non-canonical framework not found in the canonical Gospels.","cites":[{"key":"ed:adisn","label":"source edition: Redaction of Khanmeti and Adishi Gospels","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etca/cauc/ageo/nt/adisnt/adisn.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"აჰა ქალწული მიუდგეს და შვეს ძჱ ... ენმანუელ","severity":"info","text":"This passage quotes Isaiah 7:14 (LXX) in a form that conflates the prophecy of Emmanuel with the birth of Jesus, a common early Christian typology.","cites":[{"key":"ed:adisn","label":"source edition: Redaction of Khanmeti and Adishi Gospels","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etca/cauc/ageo/nt/adisnt/adisn.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"თხოილ იყო დედაჲ მისი მარიამ იოსეფისა","severity":"info","text":"The detail that Mary was 'betrothed' (თხოილ) to Joseph before the conception reflects the Protevangelium of James, an apocryphal infancy gospel influential in Georgian tradition.","cites":[{"key":"ed:adisn","label":"source edition: Redaction of Khanmeti and Adishi Gospels","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etca/cauc/ageo/nt/adisnt/adisn.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"იჴსნეს ერი თჳსი ცოდვათა მათთაგა[ნ]","severity":"info","text":"The etymology of Jesus as 'savior from sins' is a popular Christian interpretation, here embedded in the narrative to reinforce soteriological meaning.","cites":[{"key":"ed:adisn","label":"source edition: Redaction of Khanmeti and Adishi Gospels","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etca/cauc/ageo/nt/adisnt/adisn.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ტყუენვითგან ბაბილონისაჲთ","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase 'from the Babylonian captivity' is textually uncertain; the manuscript may have a scribal error or variant reading for the expected 'from the captivity'.","cites":[{"key":"ed:adisn","label":"source edition: Redaction of Khanmeti and Adishi Gospels","url":"https://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etca/cauc/ageo/nt/adisnt/adisn.htm"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase 'from the Babylonian captivity' may be a scribal corruption or an intentional variant; the reading taken follows the manuscript as given.","The identity of the 'angel of the Lord' is not specified beyond the generic term; the reading assumes Gabriel by later tradition."],"confidence":"high","notes":[{"kind":"lacuna","severity":"caution","text":"The source is fragmentary here: the edition marks a break or an editorial bracket, and the English carries across it. Treat the bridge as supplied, not translated."}]}]}