{"slug":"LIT7504PrayerBE","id":"ethiopic:betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","title":"ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","author":"Anonymous","genre":"prayer","date":"","tradition":"ethiopic","coverage":"not-located","coverage_claim":{"status":"not-located","text":"No English translation could be identified: a language model asked twice could not name one, though it could not rule one out either. That is not proof that none exists — translations in dissertations, recent books and other modern languages are easily missed."},"publication":{"status":"machine-draft","reviewed_by":null,"model":"deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash:floor","provider":"Relace","generated":"2026-11-15T04:53:14Z","cost_usd":0.026694},"source":{"registry_id":"ethiopic:betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","work_id":"LIT7504PrayerBE","edition":"betmas","language":"","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0 (per file); site footer states NC-SA - treat as NC","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"},"stats":{"passages":48,"english_words":10639,"coptic_letters":0,"commentary_units":279,"commentary_kinds":10,"derived_notes":1,"ambiguities":96,"work_notes":4,"external_links":2,"timeline":3},"summary":{"work":"LIT7504PrayerBE","abstract":"The ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡ (Ṣalota ʾAstarʿi), or 'Prayer of the Revelation', is an anonymous Geʿez prayer preserved in the Ethiopian Orthodox tradition. Its title suggests a visionary or theophanic context, and the text includes a litany of blessings invoking God as the God of biblical figures, such as the three youths from Daniel 3 (Ananias, Azarias, Misael). The prayer expands on biblical narratives with haggadic or apocryphal elements, typical of Ethiopic Christian literature. It survives in manuscript collections for personal or liturgical use, but lacks precise dating, likely originating in the medieval period (13th–17th centuries). The source edition (betmas) provides the Geʿez text and English draft without critical apparatus, limiting textual analysis.","historical_context":"The Ṣalota ʾAstarʿi belongs to the Geʿez prayer corpus of the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church, a tradition that developed from the 4th century onward with the introduction of Christianity in the Aksumite kingdom. The work is anonymous and undated, but its language and content suggest composition during the medieval period of Geʿez literature (13th–17th centuries), when monastic and liturgical texts flourished. The prayer likely circulated in manuscript collections used for personal devotion or communal recitation, often alongside other Ṣalot prayers. Its reference to the three youths from Daniel 3 reflects a common typology for divine deliverance in Ethiopic Christianity, while the expansion of the biblical narrative with an angelic rescue indicates influence from apocryphal or haggadic traditions. The transmission history is obscure, as no colophons or external witnesses are available; the text survives only in modern editions like betmas, which lack critical apparatus. The community context is Ethiopian Orthodox, possibly monastic, where such prayers were recited for protection or intercession.","significance":"The Ṣalota ʾAstarʿi exemplifies the creative adaptation of biblical narratives in Ethiopic prayer literature, blending canonical and apocryphal elements. Its litanic structure and invocation of biblical figures as divine types reflect broader trends in Geʿez liturgical composition. The prayer contributes to understanding medieval Ethiopian Christian spirituality, particularly the use of visionary themes and the veneration of Old Testament figures as models of faith and deliverance.","timeline":[{"date":"4th c.","event":"Christianity introduced to Aksum; Geʿez becomes liturgical language."},{"date":"13th–17th c.","event":"Probable period of composition for Ṣalota ʾAstarʿi, based on linguistic and literary parallels."},{"date":"20th c.","event":"Modern edition (betmas) published, providing Geʿez text and English translation."}],"relations":[{"work":"Prayer of the Three Youths (Ethiopic tradition)","relation":"Shares typology of Ananias, Azarias, Misael as deliverance figures","key":"","label":null,"url":null},{"work":"Daniel 3 (biblical book)","relation":"Expands the narrative of the fiery furnace with haggadic elements","key":"","label":null,"url":null},{"work":"Ṣalot corpus (Ethiopic prayers)","relation":"Part of the broader collection of Geʿez prayers for liturgical or personal use","key":"","label":null,"url":null},{"work":"Mashafa Ṣalot (Book of Prayer)","relation":"Possible manuscript context for transmission","key":"","label":null,"url":null}],"external_links":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"Bet Mas edition of Ṣalota ʾAstarʿi","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE","reason":"Primary source edition providing Geʿez text and English draft"},{"key":"ed:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"Editorial notes for LIT7504","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE","reason":"Supplementary editorial information on the prayer"}],"cautions":["The work is anonymous and lacks explicit dating; composition is uncertain but likely medieval (13th–17th centuries).","The source edition (betmas) does not include critical apparatus, manuscript witnesses, or variant readings, limiting textual-critical analysis.","The title 'Prayer of the Revelation' may refer to a vision or theophany, but the exact context is unclear without further manuscript evidence."],"model":"deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash:floor","provider":"Relace","cost_usd":0.000455,"generated":"2026-11-15T01:41:33Z"},"checks":{"work":"LIT7504PrayerBE","status":"pass","blocking":[],"warnings":[],"stats":{"passages":48,"translated":48,"commentary_passages":48,"commentary_units":279,"english_words":10636,"source_letters":25921,"commentary_kinds":10},"model":"deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash:floor"},"work_notes":[{"unit":"sense","kind":"sense","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The title ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡ (Ṣalota ʾAstarʿi) means 'Prayer of the Revelation' or 'Prayer of the Showing Forth', likely referring to a vision or theophany.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"transmission","kind":"transmission","basis":"background","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This prayer is preserved in the Ethiopian Orthodox tradition as part of the broader ጸሎት (Ṣalot) corpus, often transmitted in manuscript collections of prayers for personal or liturgical use.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"dating","kind":"chronology","basis":"background","lemma":"","severity":"caution","text":"The work is anonymous and lacks explicit dating; its composition likely falls within the medieval period of Geʿez literature (13th–17th centuries), but this remains uncertain without colophonic or external evidence.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"sense","kind":"sense","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"caution","text":"The source edition (betmas) provides the Geʿez text and an English draft, but does not include a critical apparatus, manuscript witnesses, or variant readings, limiting textual-critical analysis.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"derived_work_notes":[{"kind":"coverage","severity":"info","text":"No English translation could be identified: a language model asked twice could not name one, though it could not rule one out either. That is not proof that none exists — translations in dissertations, recent books and other modern languages are easily missed."},{"kind":"limit","severity":"caution","text":"The English is a machine draft produced passage by passage from the transcribed Coptic; no human has verified it. The commentary is model-written and cites only keys the pipeline could resolve."},{"kind":"register","severity":"info","text":"Register: prayer in Geʿez; the English keeps the liturgical formulae and the vocatives rather than normalising them."},{"kind":"structure","severity":"info","text":"Passages: 48 narrative."},{"kind":"scripture","severity":"info","text":"1 scriptural phrase match(es) noted: John 4:10."},{"kind":"source","severity":"info","text":"Source edition: betmas — CC BY-SA 4.0 (per file); site footer states NC-SA - treat as NC"}],"derived_structure":{"narrative":48},"term_index":[],"citations":{"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE":{"label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"},"ed:LIT7504PrayerBE":{"label":"source edition: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}},"segments":[{"i":1,"ref":"p1","source":"Ṣalota ʾAstarʾi\nThe textual division and text itself follow 198–270 . The labels are taken from 43-44 .\n\nIntroduction. ይትባረክ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ አምላከ፡ እስራኤል፡ ዘገብረ፡ ዓቢየ፡ ወመንክረ፡ ባሕቲቱ፡ ቅዱስ፡ እትባረክ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ አምላከ፡ እስራኤል፡ ዘአብጽሐኒ፡ እስከ፡ ዮም፡ እስከ፡ ዛቲ፡ እለት፡ ይትባረክ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ አምላከ፡ እስራኤል፡ ዘኢረስአከኒ፡ እስከ፡ ዮም፡ እስከ፡ ዛቲ፡ ዕለት፡ ይትባረክ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ አምላከ፡ አበዊነ፡ እኩተ፡ አዶናይ፡ ወስቡሕ፡ ስምዕከ፡ እግዚኦ፡ ለዓለም፡ ይትባረክ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ አምላከ፡ እስራኤል፡ እሙን፡ ኵሉ፡ ግብርከ፡ እግዚኦ፡ ወርቱዕ፡ ፍናዊከ፡ ይትባረክ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ አምላከ፡ እስራኤል፡ እስመ፡ ጻድቅ፡ አንተ፡ አዶናይ፡ ኵሎ፡ ዘአምጻዕከ፡ ይትባረክ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ አምላከ፡ እስራኤል፡ አምላከ፡ አናንያ፡ ወአዛርያ፡ ወሚሳኤል፡ ዘፈነወ፡ መልአኮ፡ ወአዳኃኖሙ፡ አግብርቲሁ፡ እለ፡ ይትዌስኩ፡ በሕይወቶሙ፡ ወፀለየ፡ ወከሠተ፡ አፋሁ፡ በማዕከለ፡ እሳት፡ ወይቤ፡ ይትባረክ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ አምላከ፡ እስራኤል፡\nበእንተ፡ ስብሐት፡ ወበእንተ፡ ሕፃናት፡ አእምሩ፡ ስብሐትየ፡ በዝንቱ፡ መጽሐፍ፡ እግዚእየ፡ እግዚእየ፡ በእንተ፡ ስምከ፡ ቅዱስ፡ መሐረኒ፡","english":"Ṣalota ʾAstarʾi\n\nIntroduction. Blessed be the Lord God of Israel, who has done great and wondrous things by Himself. Blessed be the Lord God of Israel, who has brought me to this day, to this time. Blessed be the Lord God of Israel, who has preserved you for me to this day, to this time. Blessed be the Lord God of Israel, the God of our fathers, the One God, Adonai, and glorious is your name, O Lord, forever. Blessed be the Lord God of Israel; faithful is all your work, O Lord, and straight are your ways. Blessed be the Lord God of Israel, for you are just, Adonai, in all that you have brought. Blessed be the Lord God of Israel, the God of Ananias, Azarias, and Misael, who sent his angel and saved them from the servants who were burning them alive, and he prayed and opened his mouth in the midst of the fire and said: Blessed be the Lord God of Israel.\n\nConcerning the praise and concerning the children, know my praise in this book. My Lord, my Lord, by your holy name, have mercy on me.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"Ṣalota ʾAstarʾi","severity":"info","text":"The title Ṣalota ʾAstarʾi is a prayer of revelation or showing, likely referring to a visionary or theophanic context. The passage is classified as narrative based on Coptic cues.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"እግዚአብሔር፡ አምላከ፡ እስራኤል፡","severity":"info","text":"The repeated phrase 'Lord God of Israel' is a standard Geʿez liturgical invocation, echoing biblical and Jewish prayer traditions, and is used here as a refrain.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"አናንያ፡ ወአዛርያ፡ ወሚሳኤል፡","severity":"info","text":"The names Ananias, Azarias, and Misael refer to the three youths in the fiery furnace from Daniel 3, a common typology for divine deliverance in Geʿez prayers.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ዘፈነወ፡ መልአኮ፡ ወአዳኃኖሙ፡","severity":"info","text":"The reference to an angel saving the youths from burning servants expands the biblical narrative, reflecting haggadic or apocryphal traditions common in Ethiopic Christian literature.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"በዝንቱ፡ መጽሐፍ፡","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'in this book' suggests the prayer is part of a larger manuscript or liturgical collection, possibly used for personal devotion or communal recitation.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ዘኢረስአከኒ፡","severity":"caution","text":"The verb ኢረስአ (preserved) is ambiguous; it could mean 'preserved you for me' or 'kept you safe,' and the exact referent (the addressee) is unclear in the context.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of the speaker and the addressee in the repeated blessings is not specified; the text may be a personal prayer or a liturgical formula.","The phrase 'concerning the children' (በእንተ፡ ሕፃናት፡) could refer to the three youths or to a broader group of children, and its connection to the preceding narrative is unclear."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":2,"ref":"p2","source":"Blessings of God by invoking the names of the holy heroes. ይትባረክ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ አምላከ፡ አዳም፡ ወሴት፡ ይትባረክ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ አምላከ፡ አቤል፡ መሥዋዕት፡ ይት፡ እግዚእ፡ አምላከ፡ ኖኅ፡ ወሴም፡ ይት፡ እግዚ፡ አምላከ፡ አብርሃም፡ ይስሐቅ። ይት፡ እግዚ፡ አምላከ፡ ያዕቆብ፡ እስራኤል፡ ይት፡ እግዚ፡ አምላከ፡ ሌዊ፡ ቀዓት፡ እንበረም፡ ይት፡ እግዚ፡ አምላከ፡ ሙሴ፡ ወአሮን፡ ይት፡ እግዚ፡ አምላከ፡ አላዛር፡ ወፊንሐስ። ይት፡ እግ፡ አምላከ፡ ኢያሱ። ወካሌብ፡ ይት፡ እግ፡ አምላከ፡ ዳዊት፡ ወሰሎሞን። ይት፡ እግ፡ አምላከ፡ እዝራ፡ ወደንኤል፡ ይት፡ እግ፡ አምላከ፡ ዔሊ፡ ወሳሙኤል፡ ይት፡ እግ፡ አምላከ፡ ጻድቅ፡ አዛርያስ፡ ይት፡ እግ፡ አምላከ፡ ነገረ፡ ባሮክ፡ ወአቤሜሌክ፡ ይት፡ እ፡ አምላከ፡ አናንያ፡ ወአዘርያ፡ ወሚሳኤል፡ ይት፡ እግ፡ አምላከ፡ ጽብራ፡ ጸጋ፡ አምላክ፡ ይት፡ እግ፡ አምላከ፡ ጽዮን፡ ወኢየሩሳሌም፡ ይት፡ እግ፡ አምላከ፡ ካህናት፡ ወነቢያት፡ ይት፡ እግ፡ አምላከ፡ ቀደምት፡ ወደኅርት፡ ይት፡ እግ፡ አምላከ፡ ጻድቃን፡ ወንጹሐን፡","english":"Blessed be the Lord God of Adam and Seth. Blessed be the Lord God of Abel, the sacrifice. Blessed be the Lord God of Noah and Shem. Blessed be the Lord God of Abraham, Isaac. Blessed be the Lord God of Jacob, Israel. Blessed be the Lord God of Levi, Kohath, Amram. Blessed be the Lord God of Moses and Aaron. Blessed be the Lord God of Eleazar and Phinehas. Blessed be the Lord God of Joshua and Caleb. Blessed be the Lord God of David and Solomon. Blessed be the Lord God of Ezra and Daniel. Blessed be the Lord God of Eli and Samuel. Blessed be the Lord God of Zadok, Azariah. Blessed be the Lord God of the word of Baruch and Abimelech. Blessed be the Lord God of Ananias, Azariah, and Mishael. Blessed be the Lord God of Ṣabra, Ṣega, ʾAmlak. Blessed be the Lord God of Zion and Jerusalem. Blessed be the Lord God of the priests and the prophets. Blessed be the Lord God of the former and the latter. Blessed be the Lord God of the righteous and the pure.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"ይትባረክ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ አምላከ፡ ...","severity":"info","text":"This passage is a litany of blessings, each unit invoking God as the God of a biblical figure or group, forming a repetitive, anaphoric structure typical of Ethiopic prayers.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"እግዚአብሔር","severity":"info","text":"እግዚአብሔር (ʾƎgziʾabəḥer) is the standard Geʿez term for 'Lord' or 'God', often translating Hebrew Adonai or Elohim in biblical contexts.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"አቤል፡ መሥዋዕት","severity":"info","text":"Abel is called 'the sacrifice' (መሥዋዕት), echoing the biblical narrative in Genesis 4 where Abel's offering is accepted by God, and his death is seen as a sacrificial type.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"እንበረም","severity":"info","text":"እንበረም (ʾƎnbäräm) is the Geʿez form of Amram, father of Moses and Aaron, as in Exodus 6:20. The list follows a priestly lineage from Levi through Kohath to Amram.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"parallel","kind":"parallel","basis":"text","lemma":"ነገረ፡ ባሮክ፡ ወአቤሜሌክ","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'word of Baruch' (ነገረ ባሮክ) likely refers to the biblical book of Baruch, an apocryphal text; Abimelech appears in Jeremiah 38-39, and both are associated with Jeremiah's circle.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ጽብራ፡ ጸጋ፡ አምላክ","severity":"caution","text":"The names ጽብራ (Ṣabra), ጸጋ (Ṣega), and አምላክ (ʾAmlak) are obscure; they may be local saints or angelic names, but their identity is uncertain and not attested in standard biblical or hagiographic sources.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of ጽብራ, ጸጋ, and አምላክ is unclear; they may be corruptions or local figures.","The phrase 'word of Baruch' could refer to the book of Baruch or a specific saying; the connection to Abimelech is not explicit in the biblical text."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":3,"ref":"p3","source":"Praises to God the Creator, the Almighty. ሃሌሉያ፡ ስብሐት፡ ለእግዚአብሔር፡ ይት፡ እግዚ፡ አምላከ፡ ብርሃን፡ ይት፡ ዘፈለጠ፡ ብርሃነ፡ እምጽልመት፡ ይት፡ እ፡ ዘይሴብሕዎ፡ ኵሎሙ፡ መላእክቲሁ፡ ይት፡ እግ፡ ቅድሜየኒ፡ ወድኅሬየኒ፡ ቡሩክ፡ ይት፡ እግዚ፡ ሀለዊ፡ ወህልው። ይት፡ ቀዳማቂ፡ ጥንት፡ ወደኀራዊ ፡ ዘእንበለ፡ ተፍጻሜት፡ ይት፡ እግዚ፡ ፈጣሬ፡ ኵሉ፡ ግብሩ፡ ይት፡ እግዚ፡ ኵሉ፡ ዘይትከሀሎ፡ ወአልቦ፡ ዘይሰአኖ፡ ይት፡ እግ፡ አልቦ፡ ዘይቤሎሙ፡ ምንት፡ ግብሩ፡ ይት፡ እግዚ፡ ባሕቲቱ፡ ቅዱስ፡\n\nPraises to God the Creator, the Almighty. ሃሌሉያ፡ ስብሐት፡ ለእግዚአብሔር፡ ይት፡ እግ፡ ቀደማዊ፡ ዘእንበለ፡ ጥንት፡ ወይት፡ እግዚ፡ ቅድመ፡ ዘይፈጥር፡ ለክብር፡ ይት፡ እግዚ፡ ኃያል፡ አምላከ፡ ይት፡ እግ፡ ለኵሉ፡ ግብሩ፡ ዘገብረ፡ ይት፡ እግዚ፡ ፈጣሬ፡ ኵሉ፡ ፍጥረት። ይት፡ እግ፡ ዘአንቅሐኒ፡ እምንዋም፡ ይት፡ እግ፡ ዘዓቀበኒ፡ ወባልሐኒ፡ ይት፡ እ፡ ከመ፡ ዘወሀበኒ፡ ሰንበተ፡ ለዕረፍት።","english":"Hallelujah. Praise to the Lord God. God of light, who separated light from darkness. Whom all his angels praise. Lord before me and behind me. Blessed Lord, existing and present. First, beginning, and last, without end. Lord, creator of all his work. Lord, all that is possible, and there is none who can hinder him. Lord, there is none who can say to them, \"What is his work?\" Lord, only holy one.\n\nHallelujah. Praise to the Lord God. First, without beginning. And Lord, before he creates for glory. Lord, mighty God. Lord, for all his work that he has done. Lord, creator of all creation. Lord, who awakened me from sleep. Lord, who preserved me and made me wise. Lord, as one who gave me the Sabbath for rest.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"ሃሌሉያ፡ ስብሐት፡ ለእግዚአብሔር፡","severity":"info","text":"The repeated 'Hallelujah. Praise to the Lord God' marks a structural division, with the passage consisting of two parallel doxological stanzas.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ሃሌሉያ","severity":"info","text":"Hallelujah is a liturgical acclamation of praise, here used as a structural marker in the prayer.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ዘፈለጠ፡ ብርሃነ፡ እምጽልመት","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'who separated light from darkness' echoes the creation narrative in Genesis 1:3–4, where God separates light from darkness.","cites":[],"named_sources":["Genesis 1:3–4"],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ሰንበተ፡ ለዕረፍት","severity":"info","text":"The reference to the Sabbath for rest alludes to the institution of the Sabbath in Exodus 20:8–11 and its association with rest.","cites":[],"named_sources":["Exodus 20:8–11"],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"ዘአንቅሐኒ፡ እምንዋም","severity":"info","text":"The petition 'who awakened me from sleep' reflects a common theme in Ethiopic prayers, emphasizing God's role in spiritual awakening and daily renewal.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"አልቦ፡ ዘይቤሎሙ፡ ምንት፡ ግብሩ","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase 'there is none who can say to them, \"What is his work?\"' is grammatically ambiguous; 'them' may be a scribal error or refer to angels, but the sense is that no one can question God's actions.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase 'አልቦ፡ ዘይቤሎሙ፡ ምንት፡ ግብሩ' is ambiguous: the plural suffix 'ሙ' (them) has unclear antecedent, possibly angels or a generic plural; the reading taken is that no one can question God's work."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":4,"ref":"p4","source":"Blessings. ሃሌሉያ፡ ስብሐት፡ ለእግዚአብሔር፡ ይት፡ እግ፡ እስመ፡ ሰምዓኒ፡ ቃለ፡ ጸሎትየ፡ ይት፡ እግ፡ ዘሰብሐ፡ ምሕረቶ፡ ላዕሌየ፡ ይት፡ እግ፡ እምይእዜ፡ ወእስከ፡ ለዓለም፡ ይት፡ እግ፡ ዘኢከልዓኒ፡ ጸሎትየ፡ ይት፡ እግዚ፡ በኵሉ፡ መዋዕል፡ ይት፡ እግዚ፡ ጥቀ፡ ኄር፡ እግዚአብሔር። ይት፡ እግዚ፡ ለዓለመ፡ ዓለም፡ ለይኩን፡ ይት፡ እግ፡ እምቅድመ፡ ዓለም፡ ወእስከ፡ ለዓለም፡ ይት፡ እግዚ፡ ዘኢያግብአኒ፡ ውስተ፡ መሥገርት። ይት፡ እግ፡ ዘመሐሮን፡ ፀብዓ፡ ለዕደውየ፡ ይት፡ እግዚ፡ አምላከ፡ አበዊነ።\n\nCollection of Bible Verses: God the Judge. ሃሌ፡ ሉያ፡ ስብሐት፡ ለእግዚአብሔር፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ ይረድአኒ፡ ኢታማስን፡ እግዚኦ፡ ጻድቃነ፡ ምስለ፡ ኃጥአን። ሐሰ፡ እግዚኦ፡ ኢይትገበር፡ ዝንቱ፡ ደይን፡ ሐሰ፡ እግዚኦ፡ ዘኰነና፡ ለምድር፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ አምላኪየ፡ እሴብሐከ፡ እሙን፡ ይኩን፡ ምክር፡ ትካት፡ በእንተ፡ ዝንቱ፡ ይባርኩከ፡ ሕዝብ፡ ነዳያን፡ ከደንኮሙ፡ ወባላሕኮሙ፡ ሠዋሬ፡ ጸድቃን፡ አዶናይ፡ ሠውረኒ፡ ዓቃቤ፡ ባሕታውያን፡ አዶናይ፡ ዕቀበኒ። አንሰ፡ ኪዶከ፡ ተወከልኩ፡ እግዚኦ፡ አምላክ፡ ዐቢይ፡ ዘለዓለም፡ እስመ፡ ርቱዕ፡ ፍናዊሁ፡ ለእግዚአብሔር፡ ወተወከልነ፡ በስሙ፡ ቅዱስ፡ ወተዘከርነ፡ ዘፈተወት፡ ነፍስነ፡","english":"Blessings. Hallelujah, praise to the Lord God. Yit’eg, because he heard me, the word of my prayer. Yit’eg, who poured out his mercy upon me. Yit’eg, from now and until eternity. Yit’eg, who completed my prayer. Yit’eg, Lord, in all times. Yit’eg, Lord, very good Lord God. Yit’eg, Lord, may it be for eternity of eternity. Yit’eg, from before the world and until eternity. Yit’eg, Lord, who did not bring me into prisons. Yit’eg, who softened the enmity of my enemies. Yit’eg, Lord, God of our fathers.\n\nCollection of Bible Verses: God the Judge. Hallelujah, praise to the Lord God. May the Lord God help me, and may I not be deceived. O Lord, our righteous ones with the sinners. Truly, O Lord, let this judgment not be done. Truly, O Lord, who condemned the earth. Lord God, my God, I praise you. Let there be faithful counsel concerning this. May the needy people bless you, covering their shame and their nakedness. Righteous ones, O Lord, hide me, guardian of the solitary. O Lord, protect me. I have trusted in your power, O Lord, great and eternal God, because the ways of the Lord God are straight. And we have trusted in his holy name, and we have remembered what our soul desired.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ይት፡ እግ፡","severity":"info","text":"The repeated phrase ይት፡ እግ፡ (yitʾəg) is a liturgical abbreviation or invocation of uncertain meaning, possibly a corruption of ይትአገልል (yitʾagäləl) or a divine epithet. It functions as a refrain in this passage.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ዘኢያግብአኒ፡ ውስተ፡ መሥገርት","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'who did not bring me into prisons' echoes Psalm 142:7 (LXX 141:7) or similar petitions for deliverance from captivity, common in Ethiopic prayers.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ዘመሐሮን፡ ፀብዓ፡ ለዕደውየ","severity":"info","text":"The request that God 'softened the enmity of my enemies' reflects a theme of divine intercession against adversaries, typical in Geʿez prayers for protection and reconciliation.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"ሃሌሉያ፡ ስብሐት፡ ለእግዚአብሔር","severity":"info","text":"The passage is divided into two sections: the first (Blessings) is a series of invocations with the refrain ይት፡ እግ፡, and the second (Collection of Bible Verses: God the Judge) shifts to a petitionary prayer with judgment imagery.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"እግዚኦ፡ ዘኰነና፡ ለምድር","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'who condemned the earth' may reflect a liturgical or homiletic tradition of divine judgment over the world, possibly influenced by Coptic or Syriac sources in Ethiopic Christianity.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ኢታማስን","severity":"caution","text":"The word ኢታማስን (ʾutamasən) is obscure; it may be a corruption or a rare term. The translation 'may I not be deceived' is conjectural, based on context of protection from error.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The refrain ይት፡ እግ፡ (yitʾəg) is of uncertain meaning; it may be a divine name or a liturgical formula. The word ኢታማስን (ʾutamasən) is obscure and its translation is tentative."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":5,"ref":"p5","source":"The remission of sins. ሃሌ፡ ሉያ፡ ስብሐት፡ ለእግዚአብሔር፡ ዘየኃድግ፡ ኃጢአት፡ ኃጢአትየ፡ ዘበንእስየ፡ ወእበድየ፡ ኢትዝክር፡ ሊተ፡ ወስረይ፡ ሊተ፡ ኵሎ፡ ኃጢአትየ፡ ብፁዓን፡ እለ፡ ተኀድገ፡ ሎሙ፡ ኃጢአቶሙ፡ ወለእለ፡ ኢሐሰበ፡ ኵሎ፡ ጌጋዮሙ፡ ብፁዕ፡ ብእሲ፡ ዘኢኈለቈ፡ ሎቱ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ ኃጢአቶ፡ ኃጢአትየ፡ ነገርኩ፡ ወአበሳየ፡ ኢኀባእኩ፡ ወአንተ፡ ኅድግ፡ ጽልሑቶ፡ ለልብየ፡ እነግር፡ ጌጋይየ፡ ወእቴክዝ፡ በእንተ፡ ኀጢአትየ፡ ወስረይ፡ ላቲ፡ ነፈስየ፡ እስመ፡ አበስኩ፡ ለከ፡ ሕፅበኒ፡ ወአንጽሐኒ፡ እምኃጢአትየ፡ እስመ፡ ለልየ፡ አአምር፡ ጌጋይየ፡ ወኃጢአትየኒ፡ ቅድሜየ፡ ውእቱ፡ ለኵሉ፡ ጊዜ፡ ሚጥ፡ ገጸከ፡ እምኀጢአትየ፡ እግዚኦ፡ ወደምስስ፡ ሊተ፡ ኵሎ፡ አበሳየ፡ ኃጢአትነሰ፡ አንተ፡ ትሰሪ፡ ለነ፡ ወጌጋይነሰ፡ አንተ፡ ኅድግ፡ ለነ። ዘሰረይከ፡ ሎሙ፡ ኵሎ፡ ኃጢአቶሙ፡ ኢትዝክር፡ ለነ፡ አበሳነ፡ ዘትካት፡ ወስረይ፡ ለነ፡ ኃጢአተነ፡ በእንተ፡ ስምከ፡ ዘይሰሪ፡ ለከ፡ ኵሎ፡ ኃጢአተከ፡ አኮ፡ በከመ፡ ኃጢአትነ፡ ዘገብረ፡ ለነ፡ ወኢፈደየነ፡ በከመ፡ አበሳነ፡ አርኅቅ፡ እምኔነ፡ ኃጢአትነ፡ ወስረይ፡ ሊተ፡ ኵሎ፡ ኃጢአትየ፡ አበሰኩ፡ እምንእስየ፡ ኢትዝክር፡ ኃጢአቶሙ፡ ለአግብርቲከ፡","english":"The remission of sins. Hallelujah, praise to the Lord who forgives sin. My sin, which is by my will and my evil, remember for me and forgive all my sin. Blessed are those whose sins are forgiven them, and who have reckoned all their errors. Blessed is the man to whom the Lord has granted the forgiveness of his sin. My sin, I have confessed, and my transgression, I have hidden. And you, forgive the darkness of my heart. I will confess my errors and repent because of my sin. And forgive my soul, for I have sinned against you. Sprinkle me and cleanse me from my sin, for I alone know my errors and my sin before me. It is for all time that I have sinned before you. O Lord, blot out all my transgression. For sin, you forgive us, and for error, you pardon us. You who have forgiven them all their sin, remember for us our transgression of yesterday, and forgive us our sin because of your name. He who forgives you all your sin, it is not as our sin which he has done to us, and he has not judged us according to our transgression. Remove from us our sin, and forgive me all my sin. I have sinned from my youth. Remember the sins of your servants.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"ሃሌ፡ ሉያ፡ ስብሐት፡","severity":"info","text":"The passage opens with 'Hallelujah, praise' and the rubric 'The remission of sins,' marking a shift from the preceding blessings to a penitential section.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ኢትዝክር፡","severity":"info","text":"The verb 'remember' (ኢትዝክር፡) is used in a petitionary sense, asking God to recall the speaker's sins for forgiveness, not merely to recollect.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ብፁዓን፡ እለ፡ ተኀድገ፡ ሎሙ፡ ኃጢአቶሙ፡","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'Blessed are those whose sins are forgiven' echoes Psalm 32:1 (LXX) and the Beatitudes, linking forgiveness to blessedness.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ኢኀባእኩ፡","severity":"info","text":"The confession 'I have hidden' (ኢኀባእኩ፡) reflects a Geʿez penitential tradition of acknowledging concealed sins, common in Ethiopic prayer cycles.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"parallel","kind":"parallel","basis":"text","lemma":"ሕፅበኒ፡ ወአንጽሐኒ፡","severity":"info","text":"The petition 'Sprinkle me and cleanse me' parallels Old Testament purification imagery (e.g., Numbers 19:19) and Ethiopic baptismal prayers.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"ኃጢአትነሰ፡ አንተ፡ ትሰሪ፡ ለነ፡","severity":"info","text":"The shift to first-person plural ('you forgive us') suggests a communal recitation, typical of Ethiopic liturgical prayers for collective penance.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase 'ኢትዝክር፡ ሊተ፡' could be read as 'remember for me' or 'remember me'; the translation takes it as 'remember for me' to align with the petition for forgiveness.","The identity of 'your servants' (ለአግብርቲከ) is ambiguous—possibly the congregation or all humanity; the draft assumes the former."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":6,"ref":"p6","source":"Excerpt from and a reflection on praising God. ሃሌ፡ ሉያ፡ ስብሐት፡ ለእግዚአብሔር፡ ክሥተታተ፡ ዘወሀቦ፡ ለሄኖክ፡ ጥበበ፡ ዘኢይመውት፡ አዶናይ፡ አንተ፡ እግዚኦ፡ ዘአልቦ፡ ኊልቍ፡ ለጥበቢሁ፡ ወበጥበብከሂ፡ መልአ፡ አፉየ፡ ስብሐቲከ፡ ከመ፡ እሰብሕ፡ አኰቴተከ፡ አንተ፡ በሰማይ፡ ወአንተ፡ በምድር፡ ዘታስተጋብኦሙ፡ ለኵሉ፡ ፍጥረት፡ እስመ፡ አኮ፡ ንሕነ፡ ዘነበብነ፡ ዘንተ፡ ለከ፡ ይደሉ፡ ስብሐት፡ ዘኢይትዌለጥ፡ መንበርከ፡ ወዘኢየኀልቅ፡ መንግሥትከ፡ ክሥተታተ፡ ወሞገሰ፡ ለገብርከ፡ ስምዖን፡ አርትዕ፡ ልሳንየ፡ ወጸዋዕኩ፡ ስመከ፡ እግዚኦ፡ ትከሥት፡ ከናፍርየ፡ ሶበ፡ እትናገሮ፡ ለስብሐቲከ፡ ክሥት፡ ልብየ፡ ክሥት፡ እዝንየ፡ ወአፉየ፡ በቃለ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ ክሥት፡ ለእግዚአብሔር፡ ፍኖተከ፡ ይትፌሣሕ፡ ልሳንየ፡ በጽድቀ፡ ዚአከ፡ እግዚኦ፡ ትከሥት፡ ከናፍርየ፡ ወአፉየ፡ ያየድን፡ ስብሐቲከ፡ ወበቅድመ፡ አሕዛብ፡ ከሠተ፡ ኪዳኖ፡ ዓርትዓ፡ ልሳንየ፡ ለተምሕሮ፡ ቃላቲከ፡ ጥበብ፡ ትከሥት፡ ኢየሩሳሌም፡ ዘከመ፡ ከሠተ፡ ሎቱ፡ ለዳንኤል፡ በራእየ፡ ሌሊት፡ ክሥት፡ ሊተ፡ ለገብርለ፡","english":"Hallelujah, praise to the Lord who gave the remission of sins to Enoch, the wisdom of the one who does not die. Adonai, you are the Lord who has no limit to his wisdom, and by your wisdom fill my mouth with your praise, that I may praise and thank you. You are in heaven and you are on earth, who gathers together all creation. For we are not those who have spoken this to you; it is fitting, praise that does not change your throne and that does not end your kingdom. Remission of sins and favor for your servant Simeon. Direct my tongue, and I have invoked your name, O Lord. Uncover my lips when I speak of your praise. Uncover my heart, uncover my ear and my mouth with the word of the Lord. Uncover for the Lord your way; let my tongue rejoice in your righteousness. O Lord, uncover my lips and my mouth, that they may sing your praise. And before the peoples, he uncovered his covenant. Direct my tongue for the learning of your words. Wisdom, uncover Jerusalem, as he uncovered for Daniel in the vision of the night. Uncover for me, for the servant.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ክሥተታተ","severity":"info","text":"The Geʿez term ክሥተታተ (kəśtātā) means 'remission' or 'uncovering,' here used for forgiveness of sins, continuing the theme from the previous passage.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ሄኖክ","severity":"info","text":"Enoch (ሄኖክ) is a biblical figure from Genesis 5:24, associated with wisdom and taken by God without death, echoed in the phrase 'wisdom of the one who does not die.'","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"አዶናይ","severity":"info","text":"The term አዶናይ (Adonai) is a Hebrew-derived title for God, used in Geʿez liturgy to emphasize divine lordship, here paired with 'Lord who has no limit to his wisdom.'","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ዳንኤል","severity":"info","text":"Daniel (ዳንኤል) is a biblical prophet; the reference to 'uncovered for Daniel in the vision of the night' alludes to Daniel 2 and 7, where divine mysteries are revealed in dreams.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"ክሥት","severity":"info","text":"The repeated imperative ክሥት (kəśt, 'uncover') structures the passage as a series of petitions for divine revelation, targeting lips, heart, ear, and mouth.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"ስምዖን","severity":"info","text":"The name Simeon (ስምዖን) may refer to a saint or a supplicant, possibly Simeon the Stylite or a local figure, indicating the prayer's use in personal devotion.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of 'Simeon' (ስምዖን) is unclear—could be a biblical or hagiographic figure, or a generic 'servant' name.","The phrase 'uncover Jerusalem' (ኢየሩሳሌም) is ambiguous: it may refer to the city as a symbol of revelation or a specific visionary tradition."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":7,"ref":"p7","source":"God hears the prayer of the poor. ሃሌሉያ፡ ስብሐት፡ ለእግዚአብሔር፡ ዘላዕለ፡ ኆፃ፡ ዘንተ፡ ስምዓ፡ እንዘ፡ ብዙኅ፡ ይደምፅ፡ ትእይንተ፡ ሰምዓ፡ ጸሎተ፡ ነዳይ፡ ወኢይሬስ፡ አዋያቶሙ፡ ለነዳያን። ላዕሌከኑ፡ እንከ፡ ተገድፈ፡ ነዳይ፡ ፍትወቶሙ፡ ለነዳያን፡ ሰምዓ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ ወሕሊና፡ ልቦሙኒ፡ አጽምዓት፡ እዝኑ። እስመ፡ ኢመነነ፡ ወኢተቈጥዓ፡ ስእለተ፡ ነዳይ፡ ይብልዑ፡ ነዳያን፡ ወይጽገቡ፡ አንሰ፡ ነዳይ፡ ወምስኪን፡ አነ፡ ነዳይ፡ ወቁሱል፡ እስመ፡ ሰምዖሙ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ ለነዳያን፡ ወአድኅነኒ፡ እስመ፡ ነዳይ፡ አነ፡ እምንእስየ፡ ገብርከ፡ አነ፡ ነዳይ፡ ወአባሲ፡\n\nPeace, commandments concerning the Day of Atonement. ሃሌሉያ፡ ስብሐት፡ ለእግዚአብሔር፡ ሰላም፡ ዲበ፡ ሰላም፡ ወሰላም፡ ይኩን፡ በኃይልከ፡ ሰላም፡ ላዕለ፡ እስራኤል፡ በሰላምከ፡ አኅድረኒ፡ ወተካየድከ፡ ኪዳነ፡ ዘለዓለም፡ ወነበቦ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ ለሙሴ፡ ወይቤሎ፡ ንግሮሙ፡ ለደቂቀ፡ እስራኤል፡ አመ፡ አሡሩ፡ በሳብዕ፡ ወርኅ፡ ወቅድስት፡ ወትሠመይ፡ ለክሙ፡ የሐምምዋ፡ ለነፍስክሙ፡ እንተ፡ ባቲ፡ አስተርአዩ፡ ወበእንቲአክሙ፡ ቅድመ፡ እግዚእክሙ፡ ሕገ፡ ዘለዓለም፡ ይኩንክሙ፡ ሳንበተ፡ ሰንበታትየ፡ ይእቲ፡ ለክሙ፡ አመ፡ እምነተ፡ ጸሙዓ፡ ለውእቱ፡ ወርኅ፡ እምሠርቅ፡ እስከ፡ ሠርቅ፡","english":"God hears the prayer of the poor. Hallelujah, praise to the Lord who is beyond the limit of this hearing, while greatly increasing the sight of hearing the prayer of the poor, and he does not reject the words of the poor. For upon you, indeed, the poor have been cast; the desires of the poor—the Lord hears them, and the thought of their hearts, he makes their ear hear. For he has been merciful and has not been angered by the petition of the poor. The poor speak and are silent; I am poor and needy; I am poor and destitute. For the Lord has heard the poor and saved me, for I am poor. From my littleness, I am your servant; I am poor and wretched.\n\nPeace, commandments concerning the Day of Atonement. Hallelujah, praise to the Lord. Peace upon peace, and let there be peace through your power; peace upon Israel. Through your peace, bring me in, and you have established a covenant of eternity. And the Lord spoke to Moses and said to him, \"Tell the children of Israel: When you fast in the seventh month, and it is holy, and it is appointed for you, it will afflict your soul, that through it you may be revealed. And for your sake, before your Lord, a law of eternity shall be for you; my Sabbath of Sabbaths, it is for you, when from the faith of the fast, that month, from sunrise to sunrise.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"ሃሌሉያ፡ ስብሐት፡ ለእግዚአብሔር፡ ዘላዕለ፡ ኆፃ፡ ዘንተ፡ ስምዓ፡","severity":"info","text":"The passage divides into two sections, each introduced by 'Hallelujah, praise to the Lord' and a thematic heading: the first on God hearing the poor, the second on peace and the Day of Atonement.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ነዳይ","severity":"info","text":"The Geʿez term 'ነዳይ' (nädāy) means 'poor' or 'needy', but in this liturgical context it carries a spiritual sense of humility and dependence on God, not merely material poverty.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"አሡሩ፡ በሳብዕ፡ ወርኅ፡","severity":"info","text":"The reference to fasting in the seventh month and the 'Sabbath of Sabbaths' evokes the Jewish Day of Atonement (Yom Kippur), which in the Ethiopic tradition is observed with fasting and prayer.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ወነበቦ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ ለሙሴ፡","severity":"info","text":"The Lord speaking to Moses and instructing him to tell the children of Israel echoes the giving of the law on Sinai, particularly the commandments regarding the Day of Atonement in Leviticus 16 and 23.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"ሃሌሉያ፡ ስብሐት፡","severity":"info","text":"The repeated 'Hallelujah' and praise formulas reflect the liturgical use of this prayer in the Ethiopic tradition, likely as part of a penitential or festal service.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase 'እምሠርቅ፡ እስከ፡ ሠርቅ፡' (from sunrise to sunrise) is ambiguous: it may mean a full 24-hour fast or a day from morning to morning; the translation takes it as 'from sunrise to sunrise'."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":8,"ref":"p8","source":"The night. ሃሌ፡ ሉያ፡ ስብሐት፡ ለእግዚአብሔር፡ ወስምከኒ፡ እግዚኦ፡ እግዚአብሔር። አሜን፡ መሐሪ፡ ወመስተሣህል፡ ዘመልዕልተ፡ አርያም፡ ዘተኀድር፡ ቅዱስ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ ዘየኃድር፡ ውስተ፡ ኢየሩሳሌም፡ አርያም፡ መንፈቀ፡ ሌሊት፡ እበውእ፡ ማእከለ፡ ግብጽ፡ ዘቀተለ፡ ኵሎ፡ በኵረ፡ በምድረ፡ ግብጽ፡ እምሰብእ፡ እስከ፡ እንስሳ፡ ወሶበ፡ ኮነ፡ መንፈቀ፡ ሌሊት፡ ቀተለ፡ ኵሎ፡ ግብጸ፡ ወተንሥአ፡ ፈርዖን፡ በሌሊት፡ ወጸውዖሙ፡ ለሙሴ፡ ወለአሮን፡ በሌሊት፡ ቅድመ፡ እቅፍቱ፡ ለእግዚአብሔር፡ ከመ፡ ያውፅኦሙ፡ እምድረ፡ ግብጽ፡ ወኪያሃ፡ ሌሊተ፡ ፴መዓልተ፡ ወ፴ሌሊተ። በሌሊት፡ ስምዓኒ፡ አባ፡ ነያ፡ ዘባ፡ ወአሐፅብ፡ ኵሎ፡ ሌሊተ፡ ዓራትየ። ወዓዲ፡ ሌሊተኒ፡ ገሠጸኒ፡ ኵልያትየ፡ ሐወጽከኒ፡ ሌሊተ፡ ወፈተንኮ፡ ለልብየ፡ ሊሊተ፡ ለሌሊት፡ ታየድዕ፡ ጥበበ፡ ሌሊትየኒ፡ ቅድሜከ፡ ኢሐለይከኒ። እስመ፡ መዓልተ፡ ወሌሊተ፡ ከብደት፡ እዴከ፡ ላዕሌየ። ሲሳየ፡ ኮነኒ፡ እንብዕየ፡ መዓልተ፡ ወሌሊተ፡ ከንደት፡ እዴከ፡ ላዕሌየ። ሲሳየ፡ ኮነኒ፡ እንብዕየ፡ መዓልተ፡ ወሌሊተ፡ ሰርከ፡ ወነግሀ፡ ወመዓልተ፡ እነግር፡ ለከ፡ ውእቱ፡ መመዓልተ፡ ወዚአከ፡ ይእቲ፡ ሌሊት።","english":"The night. Hallelujah, praise to the Lord. And you have heard me, O Lord, Lord God. Amen. Merciful and forgiving, who is above the height, who dwells, holy Lord God, who dwells in Jerusalem the high. In the middle of the night I will enter the midst of Egypt, which slew all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, from man to beast. And when it was the middle of the night, it slew all Egypt. And Pharaoh arose by night and summoned Moses and Aaron by night before the presence of the Lord, that he might bring them out of the land of Egypt. And that night, thirty days and thirty nights. By night, hear me, Father, my plea, and I will count all the night my vigil. And again by night you have touched my kidneys; you have left me by night and tested my heart. By night, for the night, wisdom is wondrous. My night before you, you have revealed to me. For by day and by night the weight of your hand is upon me. Sustenance has become my portion by day and by night; the hardness of your hand is upon me. Sustenance has become my portion by day and by night, evening and morning. And by day I proclaim to you: it is of the day, and yours is the night.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"ሌሊት","severity":"info","text":"The passage is structured around the repeated word 'night' (ሌሊት), which serves as a temporal and thematic anchor, linking the Exodus narrative to the speaker's personal vigil.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ዘቀተለ፡ ኵሎ፡ በኵረ፡ በምድረ፡ ግብጽ፡","severity":"info","text":"The reference to the slaying of all firstborn in Egypt alludes to the tenth plague in Exodus 12:29-30, though the biblical account specifies the death of Egyptian firstborn, not all inhabitants.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ፈርዖን፡ ወጸውዖሙ፡ ለሙሴ፡ ወለአሮን፡","severity":"info","text":"The summoning of Moses and Aaron by Pharaoh at night is not found in the biblical Exodus narrative; it may derive from later Jewish or Christian legendary expansions of the Exodus story.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"እቅፍቱ","severity":"info","text":"The term 'እቅፍቱ' (ʾǝqfǝttu) means 'presence' or 'bosom', here used in the phrase 'before the presence of the Lord', indicating a spatial or relational proximity to God.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"sense","kind":"sense","basis":"text","lemma":"ሌሊተ፡ ፴መዓልተ፡ ወ፴ሌሊተ።","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'thirty days and thirty nights' is ambiguous; it may refer to a period of vigil or a symbolic duration, possibly echoing the forty days of Moses on Sinai or other biblical time spans.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ኢሐለይከኒ።","severity":"caution","text":"The verb 'ኢሐለይከኒ' (ʿaḥalaykanni) is uncertain; it may be a form of 'to reveal' or 'to show', but the reading is not secure, and the context suggests divine disclosure.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of the 'night' that slew all Egypt is unclear—whether it personifies the plague or an angel of death.","The phrase 'thirty days and thirty nights' lacks a clear biblical parallel and may be symbolic or a textual corruption.","The verb 'ኢሐለይከኒ' is of uncertain derivation and meaning."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":9,"ref":"p9","source":"ሌሊተ፡ ተዘዋዕኩ፡ ምስለ፡ ልብየ፡ ወአንቃሕቅዋ፡ ለነፍስየ፡ ወኵሎ፡ ሌሊተ፡ በብርሃነ፡ እሳት፡ ወሰዓተ፡ ሌሊት፡ ምኑን፡ ዓመታት፡ በቅድሜሆሙ፡ ወኢትፈርህ፡ እምግርማ፡ ሌሊት፡ ወጽድቀኒ፡ በሌሊት፡ ወኮንኩ፡ ከመ፡ ጉጋ፡ ውስተ፡ ቤት፡ ሌሊተ፡ ታመጽእ፡ ጽልመተ፡ ወይከውን፡ ሌሊተ፡ ወእሳትኒ፡ ከመ፡ ያብርህ፡ ሎሙ፡ በሌሊት፡ ተዘከርኩ፡ በሌሊት፡ ስመከ፡ እግዚኦ፡ ተዘዋዕኩ፡ አዶናይ፡ በቃል፡ ስምዓኒ፡ መንፈቀ፡ ሌሊት፡ እትነሣእ፡ ከመ፡ እግነይ፡ ለከ፡ በእንተ፡ ኵነኔ፡ ጽድቅከ፡ መዓልተ፡ ፀሐይ፡ ኢያውኢከ፡ ወኢወርኅ፡ በሌሊት፡ እምሰዓተ፡ ጽባሕ፡ እስከ፡ ሌሊት፡ በሌሊት፡ አንሥኡ፡ እደዊክሙ፡ በቤተ፡ መቅደስ፡ ለወርኅ፡ ወለክዋክብት፡ ዘአኰነኖሙ፡ ሌሊተ፡ በሌሊት፡ ትገይስ፡ መንፈስየ፡ ኀቤከ፡ እግዚኦ፡\n\nShort biblical sequence on the subject of Jerusalem. ሃሌሉያ፡ ስብሐት፡ ለእግዚአብሔር፡ ወይትሐነጻ፡ አረፋተኪ፡ ለኢየሩሳሌም፡ ወለከ፡ ይትፌኖ፡ ጸሎት፡ በኢየሩሳሌም፡ ውስተ፡ ሥርዓትከ፡ ኢየሩሳሌም።","english":"I wandered in the night with my heart, and I awakened my soul. And all the night, by the light of fire, and at the hour of night, how many years before them, and I do not fear the terror of the night. And justify me in the night, and I became like a blind man in a house. The night brings darkness, and it becomes night. And the fire, as it shines for them in the night, I remembered in the night your name, O Lord. I wandered, Adonai, by the word. Hear me in the midst of the night. I rise as if to pray to you concerning the judgment of your righteousness. The day of the sun and the moon and the night, from the hour of morning until night. In the night, raise your hands in the temple for the moon and for the stars which he established. The night, in the night, my spirit inclines toward you, O Lord.\n\nHallelujah, praise to the Lord. And your ruins, O Jerusalem, shall be rebuilt. And for you, prayer shall be fulfilled in Jerusalem, within your ordinance, O Jerusalem.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"ሌሊተ፡ ተዘዋዕኩ፡ ምስለ፡ ልብየ፡","severity":"info","text":"The passage continues the narrative sequence from the previous passage, marked by the Coptic cue 'narrative'. The repeated use of 'ሌሊት' (night) frames a meditative journey.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ኢየሩሳሌም፡","severity":"info","text":"Jerusalem appears in the short biblical sequence appended to the prayer, linking the personal night-wandering to a communal, eschatological hope for restoration.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ኢየሩሳሌም፡ ወለከ፡ ይትፌኖ፡ ጸሎት፡","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'your ruins, O Jerusalem, shall be rebuilt' echoes prophetic themes of restoration (cf. Isaiah 44:26, Jeremiah 30:18), though not a direct quotation.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ሌሊተ፡ በሌሊት፡ ትገይስ፡ መንፈስየ፡","severity":"info","text":"The motif of the soul inclining toward God at night is common in Ethiopic monastic prayer, reflecting the practice of nocturnal vigils (ሌሊተ ትንሣኤ).","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"parallel","kind":"parallel","basis":"text","lemma":"ከመ፡ ጉጋ፡ ውስተ፡ ቤት፡","severity":"info","text":"The simile 'like a blind man in a house' parallels Psalm 82:17 (LXX) imagery of groping in darkness, though not a direct citation.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ሌሊተ፡ በሌሊት፡","severity":"caution","text":"The repeated phrase 'ሌሊተ፡ በሌሊት፡' may reflect a textual corruption or scribal doubling; the sense is ambiguous between 'night by night' and a dittography.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase 'ሌሊተ፡ በሌሊት፡' could be read as 'night by night' or as a scribal repetition; the English draft renders it as 'the night, in the night'.","The identity of 'he' in 'which he established' (stars) is unclear—possibly God or a prior referent."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":10,"ref":"p10","source":"ወረስይዋ፡ ለኢየሩሳሌም፡ ወከዓው፡ ደሞሙ፡ ኢየሩሳሌም፡ ስብሐቲኪ፡ አየሩሳሌም፡ ወበበማዕከሌኪ፡ ኢየሩሳሌም፡ ውስተ፡ አዕፃድኪ፡ ኢየሩሳሌም፡ ሕንጽት፡ ኢየሩሳሌም፡ ወተዜያነው፡ ዳኅናሃ፡ ለኢየሩሳሌም፡ ወትሬኢ፡ ሠናይታ፡ ለኢየሩሳሌም፡ ዘየኀድር፡ ውስተ፡ ኢተሩሳሌም፡ ሕንጽት፡ ኢየሩሳሌም፡ ዘየኀድር፡ ውስተ፡ ኢየሩሳሌም፡ ኢረሳእኩኪ፡ ኢየሩሳሌም፡ በዕለተ፡ ኢየሩሳሌም፡ ትሴብሐ፡ ኢየሩሳሌም፡ ሀገረ፡ አበዊነ፡ ኢየሩሳሌም፡ ቅድስት፡ ኢየሩሳሌም፡ ማኅደረ፡ ቅዱሳን፡ ኢየሩሳሌም፡ ወበተሣህሎታ፡ ኢየሩሳሌም፡ ወበሀገርከ፡ ኢየሩሳሌም፡ ወመላእክት፡ መዘምራት፡ ኢየሩሳሌም፡ ወበእንተ፡ ኢየሩሳሌም፡ ወበእንተ፡ ኢየሩሳሌም፡ ዐቢይ፡ ላሀ፡ ኢየሩሳሌም፡ ዓዲ፡ አርአያ፡ ኢየሩሳሌም፡ ደብረ፡ መቅደሱ፡ ኢየሩሳሌም፡ ውስተ፡ ኢየሩሳሌም፡ ትኀብሩ፡ ኢየሩሳሌም፡ አመ፡ ተፄወው፡ ኢየሩሳሌም፡ ወይቤሎሙ፡ ለአሕዛብ፡ ኢየሩሳሌም፡ ተዘከሩ፡ ሕዝብ፡ ኢየሩሳሌም፡ ወሰብሑ፡ ኢየሩሳሌም፡ ወበፍናዊሃ፡ ኢየሩሳሌም፡ ቅድስት፡ ኢየሩሳሌም፡ አኅጉሪሃ፡ ኢየሩሳሌም፡ እደወ፡ ይሁዳ፡ ኢየሩሳሌም፡ ወበርበሩ፡ ኢየሩሳሌም፡ ዘይነብር፡ ኢየሩሳሌም፡ አብያተ፡ ኢየሩሳሌም፡ አናቅጺሃ፡ ኢየሩሳሌም፡ አብያቲሃ፡ ኢየሩሳሌም፡ ወለጽላተ፡ ኢየሩሳሌም። ብክዩ፡ ኢየሩሳሌም፡ ነገረ፡ ኢየሩሳሌም፡ እለ፡ ፈለሱ፡ ኢየሩሳሌም፡ ፀብዕዋ፡ ኢየሩሳሌም፡ ኵሉ፡ ዘነገረ፡ ኢየሩሳሌም፡ ወቦእነ፡ ኢየሩሳሌም። ኀቤከ፡ ኢየሩሳሌም፡ ኵሉ፡ ሕዝብ፡ ኢየሩሳሌም፡ እምአፈ፡ ኆኅት፡ ኢ፡ ኵሉ፡ ኀይለ፡ ኢ። ዕረፍትኪ፡ ኢ። ወለሕበዝ፡ ኢ። አመ፡ ይነሥእዋ፡ ኢ። ለሰብአ፡ ይሁዳ፡ ኢ። ዳሌጥ፡ ፍናዊሃ፡ ኢ።","english":"And I have seen Jerusalem, and the blood of Jerusalem has dried. Your praise, Jerusalem, and in your midst, Jerusalem, within your trees, Jerusalem, a building, Jerusalem. And they have been adorned, the beauty of Jerusalem, and you see the goodness of Jerusalem. He who dwells within Jerusalem, a building, Jerusalem. He who dwells within Jerusalem, I have raised you up, Jerusalem, on the day of Jerusalem, you will be praised, Jerusalem, the city of our fathers, Jerusalem, holy Jerusalem, the dwelling place of the saints, Jerusalem. And by her mercy, Jerusalem, and in your city, Jerusalem, and the angels, the singers, Jerusalem. And concerning Jerusalem, and concerning Jerusalem, great is her, Jerusalem. Again, the appearance of Jerusalem, the mountain of its sanctuary, Jerusalem. Within Jerusalem, you will be buried, Jerusalem. When they went forth, Jerusalem, and he said to them, to the peoples, Jerusalem, remember, O people, Jerusalem, and break, Jerusalem, and by her gates, Jerusalem, holy Jerusalem, her streets, Jerusalem, the hands of Judah, Jerusalem, and the gate, Jerusalem, where he dwells, Jerusalem, the houses, Jerusalem, her streets, Jerusalem, her houses, Jerusalem. And for the tablets, Jerusalem, weep, Jerusalem, the word of Jerusalem, those who fled, Jerusalem, her multitudes, Jerusalem, all that he spoke, Jerusalem. And we came, Jerusalem, to you, Jerusalem, all the people, Jerusalem, from the mouth of the door, Jerusalem. All the power, Jerusalem, your rest, Jerusalem, and for the multitude, Jerusalem, when they take her up, Jerusalem, for the people of Judah, Jerusalem, the gate of her gates, Jerusalem.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"ኢየሩሳሌም","severity":"info","text":"The passage is a litany-like repetition of the name 'Jerusalem' (ኢየሩሳሌም) at the end of each clause, a structural feature of the prayer's narrative section.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ኢየሩሳሌም","severity":"info","text":"The Geʿez term ኢየሩሳሌም (ʾiyärusalem) is a transliteration of the Greek Ἰερουσαλήμ, referring to the earthly and heavenly Jerusalem, a central symbol in Ethiopic Christian piety.","cites":[{"key":"ed:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"source edition: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"background","lemma":"ደሞሙ","severity":"info","text":"The mention of 'blood of Jerusalem' (ደሞሙ ለኢየሩሳሌም) likely alludes to the martyrdom and suffering associated with the city, a common theme in Ethiopic prayers reflecting on the destruction of Jerusalem.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ደብረ መቅደሱ","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'mountain of its sanctuary' (ደብረ መቅደሱ) echoes the Temple Mount in Jerusalem, a biblical site (e.g., 2 Chronicles 3:1), here invoked as a holy place.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"background","lemma":"ኢየሩሳሌም","severity":"info","text":"This prayer's repetitive invocation of Jerusalem reflects the Ethiopic Christian tradition of venerating Jerusalem as a symbol of salvation and eschatological hope, often used in liturgical contexts.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ኢ፡","severity":"caution","text":"The abbreviation ኢ፡ (for ኢየሩሳሌም) appears in the final lines, possibly a scribal shorthand or textual corruption; the sense remains clear but the form is non-standard.","cites":[{"key":"ed:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"source edition: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The repeated phrase 'ኢየሩሳሌም' may refer to both the earthly city and a heavenly archetype; the text does not distinguish clearly.","The final lines with 'ኢ፡' are ambiguous as to whether they are abbreviations or errors."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":11,"ref":"p11","source":"አበሰት፡ ኢ። ዘይትዘከር፡ ኢ። ስግዱ፡ ኢ። ንስግድ፡ ኢ። ንዜምር፡ ኢ። ንበርክ፡ ኢ። ንግነይ፡ ኢ፡ ጥበብ፡ ተከሥተ፡ ኢ። አብርሂ፡ ኢ። ቤተ፡ መቅደሱ፡ ኢየሩሳሌም። ሀገረ፡ ጽዮን፡ ኢየሩሳሌም፡\n\nThe morning. ሃሌ፡ ሉያ፡ ስብሐት፡ ለእግዚአብሔር፡ በጽባሕ፡ ስምዓኒ፡ ቃልየ፡ በጽባሕ፡ እቀውም፡ ቅድሜከ፡ ወአስተርኢ፡ ለከ፡ ወዓዲ፡ በተስፋሁ፡ ኀደረ፡ ሥጋየ፡ ወታቀንተኒ፡ ኃይለ፡ በፀብዕ፡ በምሴት፡ ይደምፅ፡ ብካይ፡ ወበጽባሕ፡ ፍሥሐ፡ ወይቀንዮሙ፡ ራትዓን፡ በጽባሕ፡ በጽባሕ፡ አነብብ፡ ለከ፡ እስመ፡ ኮንከኒ፡ ረዳእየ፡ ወእትፌሣሕ፡ በጽባሕ፡ መላእክተ፡ ምሕረትከ፡ ይወፅኡ፡ በጽባሕ፡ ወሰርከ፡ ይትፌሥሑ፡ ሰማይ፡ ዘመንገለ፡ ጽባሕ፡ በጽባሕ፡ ትብጻሕከ፡ ጸሎትየ፡ በጽባሕ፡ ይሠርፅ፡ ወየኃልፍ፡ እስመ፡ ጸገብነ፡ በጽባሕ፡ ምሕረትከ፡ ወይነግሩ፡ በጽባሕ፡ ምሕረትከ፡ በጽባሕ፡ እቀትሎሙ፡ ለኵሎሙ፡ ኃጥአነ፡ ምድር፡ ወለድኩከ፡ እምከርሥ፡ እምቅድመ፡ ኮከበ፡ ጽባሕ፡ እምሰዓተ፡ ጽባሕ፡ እስከ፡ ሌሊተ፡ እምሰዓተ፡ ጽባሕ፡ ተወከለ፡ እስራኤል፡ በእግዚአብሔር፡ ዘይሰምዕ፡ ግበር፡ ሊተ፡ ምሕረተከ፡ በጽባሕ፡ ከመዝ፡ ይቤ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ ፍትሐ፡ ፍትሑ፡ በጽባሕ፡ አግብርት፡ ወነቢያት፡ በጽባሕ፡ ብክዩ፡ በነግህ፡ ወይቄድሱ፡ አፍራሰ፡ በጽባሕ። ኢየሩሳሌም፡ ዘመንገለ፡ ጽባሕ፡ ገወጾሙ፡ ወመሐሮሙ፡ በጽባሕ፡ ወነጸረ፡ እስከ፡ ጽባሕ። እሙን፡ ውእቱ፡ ግብረ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ ዘመንገለ፡ ጽባሕ፡ እስመ፡ ከመ፡ መብረቅ፡ ዘይወጽእ፡ እምጽባሕ፡ በጽባሕ፡ ይሁብ፡ ኵነኔሁ፡ ዕለተ፡ ዓርብ።","english":"The morning. Hallelujah, praise to the Lord in the morning. Hear my voice in the morning. I stand before you and I show myself to you, and again in his hope my flesh has dwelt, and you have strengthened me with power. In the evening weeping ceases, and in the morning joy; and they prepare the fattened ones in the morning. In the morning I read to you, for you have been my helper, and I rejoice in the morning. The angels of your mercy go forth in the morning, and your mystery rejoices. The heaven from the direction of the morning. In the morning my prayer reaches you. In the morning it passes and goes by, for we have been saved in the morning by your mercy, and they proclaim in the morning your mercy. In the morning I kill all the sinners of the earth, and I bore you from the womb, before the morning star, from the hour of morning until night. From the hour of morning Israel trusted in the Lord, who hears. Do for me your mercy in the morning, as the Lord said: \"His judgment.\" In the morning servants and prophets, weep in the dawn, and they sanctify the horses in the morning. Jerusalem, from the direction of the morning, he removed them and taught them in the morning, and he looked until the morning. Faithful is he, the work of the Lord from the direction of the morning, for like lightning that comes forth from the morning, in the morning he gives his judgment on the day of Friday.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"narrative","severity":"info","text":"This passage is classified as narrative based on Coptic cues, but its content is predominantly liturgical and repetitive, with a focus on morning prayer and divine mercy.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ጽባሕ","severity":"info","text":"The Geʿez term ጽባሕ (ṣabāḥ) means 'morning' and is repeated throughout the passage, structuring the prayer around the dawn as a time of divine encounter and mercy.","cites":[{"key":"ed:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"source edition: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"እስራኤል በእግዚአብሔር","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'Israel trusted in the Lord' echoes Old Testament themes of covenant trust, possibly alluding to passages like Isaiah 40 or Psalms of communal reliance on God.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ዕለተ ዓርብ","severity":"info","text":"The mention of 'the day of Friday' (ዕለተ ዓርብ) situates the prayer within the Ethiopic liturgical week, where Friday is associated with the commemoration of the Crucifixion and judgment.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"አበሰት ኢ።","severity":"caution","text":"The opening phrase 'አበሰት ኢ።' is unclear; 'አበሰት' may be a variant of 'morning' (from በሰት?) or a proper name, but the text is corrupt or ambiguous here.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"ሃሌ ሉያ","severity":"info","text":"The inclusion of 'Hallelujah' (ሃሌ ሉያ) reflects the liturgical reception of this prayer in Ethiopic worship, where it is used as a doxological refrain in morning offices.","cites":[{"key":"ed:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"source edition: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase 'አበሰት ኢ።' is unclear; it may be a corrupted form of 'morning' or a liturgical interjection.","The identity of 'the fattened ones' (ራትዓን) is ambiguous—possibly sacrificial animals or metaphorical for the faithful.","The sequence of 'I kill all the sinners' is jarring in a prayer context and may be allegorical or a scribal error."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":12,"ref":"p12","source":"በኅሐ፡ ጽባሕ፡ ወጌሠ፡ ሙሴ፡ በጽባሕ፡ መሐሬ፡ ይኩን፡ ያጽሪ፡ ይኩን፡ መሐሪ፡ ኩነኒ፡ እንበለ፡ ባሕር፡ ዘእንበለ፡ ባሕር፡ ወመኑ፡ ከማከ፡ ድምፀ፡ ማዕበለ፡ በጽባሕ፡ ስምዓኒ፡ ቃልየ፡ ውእቱሰ፡ መሐሪ፡ ውእቱ።\n\nThe light, with quotes from . እምሥራቅ፡ ፀሐይ፡ እስከ፡ ነዓረብ፡ ይትአኰት፡ ስሙ፡ ለእግዚአብሔር፡ ተዓውቀ፡ በላዕሌነ፡ ብርሃነ፡ ገጽከ፡ ብርሃነ፡ ገጹ፡ ኃለፉ፡ ደመና፡ በብርሃንከ፡ ንርአይ፡ ብርሃነ፡ ወበጽድቅከ፡ ወብርሃነ፡ አዕይንትየኒ፡ ለከዊኑ፡ ፈኑ፡ ብርሃነከ፡ ወጽድቀከ፡ ዘእንበለ፡ የማንከ፡ ወመዝራዕትከ፡ ወብርሃነ፡ ገጽከ፡ ወይወርድ፡ ውስተ፡ ዓለም፡ አበዊሁ፡ ወኢይሬኢ፡ እንከ፡ ብርሃነ፡ እስከ፡ ለዓለም፡ ወኵሎ፡ ሌሊተ፡ በብርሃነ፡ እሳት፡ እግዚኦ፡ በብርሃነ፡ ገጽከ፡ የሐውሩ፡ ወዓለምኒ፡ ውስተ፡ ብርሃነ፡ ገጽከ፡ የሐውሩ፡ ለይኩን፡ ብርሃኑ፡ ላዕሌነ፡ በርህ፡ ሠረቀ፡ ለጻድቃን፡ ወለበስከ፡ ብርሃነ፡ ከመ፡ ልብስ፡ በብርሃኖሙ፡ ለቅዱሳን። ሠረቀ፡ ብርሃን፡ ለራትዓን፡ በውስተ፡ ጽልመት፡ ብርሳን፡ ለፍኖትየ፡ ሬስ፡ ርኢ፡ ሕማምየ፡ ለእግዚአብሔር። እስመ፡ ጽልመትኒ፡ ኢይጸልም፡ በኀቤከ፡ በአምጣነ፡ ጽልመታ፡ ከማሁ፡ ብርሃና፡ ዘገብረ፡ ብርሃናት፡ ዐበይተ።","english":"In the morning light, and Moses went forth in the morning; let him be merciful, let him be a purifier; let him be merciful, judge me without the sea; without the sea, and who is like you, the voice of the wave in the morning, hear my voice; he is merciful, he is.\n\nFrom the rising of the sun until the setting, the name of the Lord is glorified; known over us is the light of your face; the light of his face has passed through the cloud; by your light we see the light, and by your righteousness and the light of my eyes, for the true one, send your light and your righteousness without your right and your left, and the light of your face descends into the world, his fathers, and I do not see you, light, until eternity; and all the night by the light of fire, O Lord, by the light of your face they walk, and the world also walks within the light of your face; let his light be upon us; brightly it dawned for the righteous, and you have put on light as a garment, by the light of the saints. Light dawned for the wanderers in the darkness, a beacon for my path; see my head, see my suffering for the Lord. For darkness does not darken before you, at the measure of its darkness, like its light, the maker of great lights.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"በኅሐ፡ ጽባሕ፡","severity":"info","text":"The passage opens with a temporal phrase 'in the morning light' that continues the narrative sequence from the previous passage, which also began with 'the morning'.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ሙሴ፡","severity":"info","text":"The mention of 'Moses' going forth in the morning likely alludes to the Exodus narrative of Moses leading the Israelites out of Egypt, a common typological reference in Ethiopic prayers.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"መሐሬ፡","severity":"info","text":"The Geʿez term 'መሐሬ' (maḥarre) means 'merciful' and is a divine epithet, repeated here for emphasis, reflecting the prayer's plea for mercy.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ባሕር፡","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'without the sea' (እንበለ፡ ባሕር፡) may reference the Red Sea crossing, a key event in Exodus, or symbolize a barrier to divine mercy.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"parallel","kind":"parallel","basis":"text","lemma":"ብርሃነ፡ ገጽከ፡","severity":"info","text":"The repeated phrase 'light of your face' parallels biblical imagery of divine presence, such as the priestly blessing in Numbers 6:24-26, where God's face shines upon the people.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ኃለፉ፡ ደመና፡","severity":"caution","text":"The clause 'the light of his face has passed through the cloud' is ambiguous: it may refer to a theophany or a natural phenomenon; the Geʿez syntax allows both readings.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase 'እምሥራቅ፡ ፀሐይ፡ እስከ፡ ነዓረብ፡' (from the rising of the sun until the setting) could be a liturgical time marker or a cosmic reference; the text does not specify.","The identity of 'his fathers' (አበዊሁ) in the line 'descends into the world, his fathers' is unclear; it may refer to patriarchs or ancestors."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":13,"ref":"p13","source":"ይሴብሕዎ፡ ኵሉ፡ ከዋክብት፡ ወብርሃነ፡ አስተደሎከ፡ ስብሐተ፡ ከመ፡ ብርሃን፡ ውእቱ፡ በብርሃነ፡ ማዕበልከ፡ የሐውሩ፡ እስመ፡ ብርሃን፡ ትእዛዝከ፡ በዲበ፡ ምድር፡ ወያበርህ፡ ሎሙሰ፡ ብርሃን፡ አምላክ፡ ወለኅሩያን፡ ይከውኑ፡ ብርሃነ፡ ጻድቃን፡ በብርሃነ፡ ፀሐይ፡ ወኅሩያን፡ በብርሃነ፡ ሕይወት፡ ወአውፅዕዎ፡ ለብርሃን፡ ወረከብዎ፡ ጻድቃን፡ ወጽልመት፡ ኀለፈት፡ ብርሃን፡ ርትዕ፡ አስተጻንዓ፡ ወብርሃነ፡ ኵነኔሁ፡ ይባርኩ፡ ኵሉ፡ ኀቤሁ፡ ለብርሃናት፡ ወቃል፡ ፩ብርሃን፡ ኵሉ፡ ብርሃን፡ ዘትሰል፡ መጽሐፈ፡ ማኅቶት፡ ብርሃናተ፡ ሰማይ፡ ወዝንቱL ትእዛዝ፡ ቀዳማዊ፡ ዘብርሃናት፡ ፀሐይ፡ ብርሃናት፡ ይመጽኡ፡ ኅዋኅወ፡ ይመጽኡ፡ ብርሃን፡ ዘየዓቢ፡ ዘስሙ፡ ፀሐይ፡ ዲበ፡ ኵሉ፡ ብርሃን፡ ብርሃን፡ ይኩን፡ እሉ፡ እሙንቱ፡ ብርሃናት፡ ዘተኊለቈ፡ ይኩን፡ ብርሃን፡ ወይጽናዕ፡ በቅድመ፡ ብርሃን፡ ይትወደይ፡ ውስቴታ፡ ብርሃን፡ ይትነሥኡ፡ በላዕሌሃ፡ ብርሃን፡ ወብብርሃነ፡ ዚአሃ፡ ይትወደይ፡ ከመ፡ ፀሐይ፡ ብርሃን፡ ወከመ፡ መብረቅ፡ ወፈወሶሙ፡ ኵሉ፡ ብርሃን፡ ራእይ፡ ዘርእየ፡ ሄኖክ፡ ጸሐፌ፡ ጽድቅ፡ ወወስተ፡ ሰማይሂ፡ ኢይሄሊ፡ ብርሃን፡ ወመዓዘ፡ ዕረፍት፡ ብርሃን፡ ማኅቶት፡ አይቴ፡ ውእቱ፡ ብርሃን፡ ወርእየ፡ ብርሃን፡ ንዑስ፡ አነ፡ በታሕተ፡ ሰማይ፡ ብርሃና፡ ብርሃን፡ ስብሐቲሁ፡ በምሕረቱ፡ ወፍኖቶሙሰ፡ ለጻድቃን፡ ከመ፡ ብርሃን፡ ወብርሃን፡ ፍኖተ፡ ሕይወት፡ ለጻድቃን፡ በኵሉ፡ ጊዜ፡ ብርሃን፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ አስተንፈሰ፡ ብርሃን፡ ለዝናም፡ ወወፅዓ፡ ብርሃን፡ ውስተ፡ ጽልመት፡ አልቦ፡ ብርሃን፡ በዕለተ፡ ፈጠረ፡ ብርሃን፡ ንዑ፡ ንሑር፡","english":"All the stars praise him, and the light of your radiance, a hymn like light itself, in the light of your wave they move, for the light of your command is upon the earth, and it illuminates Moses with light. O God, and for the chosen ones, the light of the righteous becomes light through the light of the sun, and the chosen ones through the light of life. And they brought forth the light, and the righteous found it, and darkness passed away. Light, be a companion; be reconciled. And the light of his judgment blesses all who are near him, for the lights and the Word are one light. All light that surpasses the book of the covenant, the lights of heaven, and this is the first command of the lights. The sun, the lights, come; the companions come; the light that is great, whose name is the sun, over all light, let there be light. These are the lights that were established; let there be light, and let it prevail before the light; let it be adorned within it; let the light be lifted up above it; and by its light let it be adorned, like the light of the sun and like lightning. And their fruit is all light, a vision that Enoch, the scribe of righteousness, saw, and within the heavens, where is the light? And the time of rest, the light of the covenant, where is it? And I saw a light; I am lowly beneath the sky, lights of light. His praise is in his mercy, and the paths of the righteous are like light, and the light is the path of life for the righteous at all times. Light, the Lord breathed light for the rain, and light emerged into darkness; there is no light on the day he created light. Come, let us go.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"ይሴብሕዎ ኵሉ ከዋክብት","severity":"info","text":"The passage opens with a doxological formula (all the stars praise him) that continues the narrative sequence from the previous passage, shifting from Moses to a cosmic praise of light.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ብርሃን","severity":"info","text":"The Geʿez term berhān (light) is a key theological symbol in this prayer, recurring throughout and associated with divine presence, revelation, and the righteous.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ሄኖክ ጸሐፌ ጽድቅ","severity":"info","text":"The reference to Enoch as 'scribe of righteousness' echoes the Enochic tradition (1 Enoch), where Enoch is a visionary of heavenly light and judgment.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"መጽሐፈ ማኅቶት","severity":"info","text":"The 'book of the covenant' (maṣḥafa māḫtot) likely refers to a liturgical or legal text, possibly the Ethiopic Book of the Covenant, a collection of canon law and ritual.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"parallel","kind":"parallel","basis":"text","lemma":"ብርሃነ ፀሐይ","severity":"info","text":"The comparison of light to the sun and lightning (ከመ ፀሐይ ብርሃን ወከመ መብረቅ) parallels imagery in the Psalms and apocalyptic literature, emphasizing divine radiance and power.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ወወፅዓ ብርሃን ውስተ ጽልመት አልቦ ብርሃን በዕለተ ፈጠረ ብርሃን","severity":"caution","text":"The final lines contain a syntactically ambiguous statement: 'light emerged into darkness; there is no light on the day he created light.' This may reflect a textual corruption or a deliberate paradox about pre-creation darkness.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase 'ብርሃነ ማዕበልከ' (light of your wave) is unclear; it may be a metaphor for divine power or a reference to a specific liturgical image.","The identity of 'Moses' (ሎሙሰ) in line 5 is uncertain; it could be a scribal error or a reference to a figure associated with light."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":14,"ref":"p14","source":"በብርሃነ፡ እግዚአብሔር። ወይቤ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ ለይኩን፡ ብርሃን፡ ወፈለጠ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ ማዕከለ፡ ብርሃን፡ ወሰመዮ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ ለብርሃን፡ ዕለተ፡ ፪ዓበይት፡ ብርሃናት፡ ዘየዓቢ፡ ብርሃን፡ ከመ፡ ይምልክ፡ መዓልተ፡ ወዘይንዕስ፡ ብርሃን፡ ከመ፡ ይምልክ፡ ሌሊተ፡ ማዕከለ፡ ብርሃን፡ ወማዕከለ፡ ሌሊት፡ አንተሰ፡ አንተ፡ ክመ፡ ወብርሃንከኒ፡ ዘኢይጸልም፡ ለሙሴ፡ አርአይከ፡ ገጸከ፡ ብርሃን፡ ዘያበርህ፡ ብርሃን፡ ዘይወጽእ፡ ፀሐይ፡ ለብርሃን፡ ዘታሠርቆ፡ በስምከ፡ አልቦ፡ ግብር፡ ለብርሃን፡ ገጽከ፡ እምቅድመ፡ ይትፈጠር፡ ብርሃን፡ ወእምቅድመ፡ ይትረኃው፡ አንቀጽ፡ ወብርሃን፡ ዘታሠርቆ፡ በስምከ፡ አልቦ፡ ግብር፡ ለብርሃን፡ ገጽከ፡ እምቅድመ፡ ይትፈጠር፡ ብርሃን፡ ወእምቅድመ፡ ይትረኃው፡ አንቀጽ፡ ወብርሃን፡ ሀላዊ፡ ዘፈጠረ፡ ብርሃን፡ ሠራዒ፡ ዘይሠርፅ፡ ብርሃን፡ አመ፡ ይትፌሥሑ፡ ብርሃናተ፡ ሰማይ፡ አርእየነ፡ እግዚኦ፡ ብርሃነከ፡ ሀቤሁ፡ ሀሎ፡ ብርሃን፡ ብርሃኑ፡ ዘኢይጠፍዕ፡ እስከ፡ ለዓለም። እምቅድመ፡ ይትአመር፡ አሠረ፡ ብርሃን፡ አብርሃ፡ እግዚኦ፡ ብርሃንከ፡ ላዕሌነ፡ አንተ፡ ገበርከ፡ ብርሃነ፡ ወጽልመተ፡ ውእቱ፡ አሚረ፡ አልቦ፡ ብርሃን፡ ወፍና፡ ሰርክ፡ ይበርህ፡ ብርሃን፡ እምደወለ፡ ብርሃን፡ ወእስከ፡ ደወለ፡ ጽልመት፡ በከመ፡ ምጽአቶሙ፡ ለብርሃናት፡ ዕብነ፡ በረድ፡ ኅኑፅ፡ ማኅደሩ፡ ልብሱ፡ ብርሃን፡ ዘኢይጸልም።","english":"In the light of the Lord, and the Lord said, \"Let there be light.\" And the Lord divided the midst of light, and the Lord appointed for light the day of two great lights, the great light that rules the day, and the small light that rules the night, the midst of light and the midst of night. But you, you are like, and your light that does not darken, you showed Moses your face of light, the light that illuminates light, the light that the sun goes out for, the light that you cause to set in your name—there is no work for the light of your face before light is created, and before a point and light are established. The light that you cause to set in your name—there is no work for the light of your face before light is created, and before a point and light are established. The creator who created light, the maker who makes light, when the lights of heaven rejoice, show us, O Lord, your light. Give him who has light, his light that does not perish, forever. Before it is known, he bound light. Illuminate, O Lord, your light upon us. You made light and darkness; it is the end, there is no light. Morning and evening, light shines from the circle of light until the circle of darkness, as the coming of the lights, hailstone, small, his dwelling, his garment of light that does not darken.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ወይቤ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ ለይኩን፡ ብርሃን፡","severity":"info","text":"The phrase “the Lord said, ‘Let there be light’” echoes Genesis 1:3 (LXX: καὶ εἶπεν ὁ θεός· γενηθήτω φῶς). The Geʿez follows the LXX wording closely.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"፪ዓበይት፡ ብርሃናት፡","severity":"info","text":"The phrase “two great lights” likely refers to the sun and moon, described as the great light ruling day and the small light ruling night. This dual-luminaries motif is common in Ethiopic cosmological hymns.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ሙሴ፡","severity":"info","text":"Moses is invoked as a recipient of divine light, recalling the theophany on Sinai (Exodus 33–34). The text says “you showed Moses your face of light,” a non-biblical elaboration typical of Ethiopic mystical tradition.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The passage is structured as a series of light-creation statements, alternating between cosmic ordering (day/night, sun/moon) and direct address to God, with a repeated refrain on the pre-existence of light before creation.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ዕብነ፡ በረድ፡","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase “hailstone” (ዕብነ፡ በረድ፡) appears abruptly in the final lines. Its connection to the preceding light imagery is unclear; it may be a corrupt or misplaced gloss, or a reference to a lost cosmological metaphor.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase “the light that you cause to set in your name” is syntactically ambiguous: it may mean the light is dedicated to God or that God causes it to set by uttering his name. The translation follows the former reading.","The final clause “as the coming of the lights, hailstone, small, his dwelling, his garment of light” is grammatically disjointed; the referent of “his” is unclear."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":15,"ref":"p15","source":"ብርሃነ፡ አርአይከነ፡ ብርሃን፡ ዘኢይጸልም፡ ወፍሥሐሁ፡ ዘኢየኃልፍ፡ ፍጹመ፡ ፍጹማን፡ ብርሃነ፡ ብርሃናት፡ ለልሱሐ፡ ብርሃን፡ ዘይሰድድ፡ ጽልመተ፡ ሱራፌል፡ ወኪሩቤል፡ ፍጹም፡ ብርሃን፡ ጸግወኒ፡ ብርሃነ፡ ዘመንፈስ፡ ቅዱስ፡ አልቦ፡ ጽልመት፡ ፍጹም፡ ብርሃን፡ ጸግወኒ፡ ብርሃነ፡ ዘመንፈስ፡ ቅዱስ፡ አልቦ፡ ጽልመት፡ ፍጹም፡ ብርሃን። ቡሩክ፡ አዶናይ፡ ቡሩክ፡ አምላከ፡ ብርሃን፡ ቡሩክ፡ ራእይ፡ ኃይል፡ ውስተ፡ ብርሃን፡\n\nA varied composition, chiefly concerning the glory of God. ሃሌሉያ፡ ለእግዚአብሔር፡ ኃይል፡ አምላከ፡ እስራኤል፡ ወመዓዛሁ፡ ለሙሴ፡ ኢርኢነ፡ በአዕይንቲነ፡ ወኢሰማዕነ፡ በእዘኒነ፡ አልቦ፡ ባዕድ፡ አምላክ፡ ዘአንበሌከ፡ አንተሰ፡ አንተ፡ ከመ፡ ወዓመቲከኒ፡ ዘኢየሐልቅ፡ እንዘ፡ ይወድስ፡ መንግሥተከ፡ ንጉሥ፡ ዘላዕለ፡ ኵሉ፡ ለሊከ፡ ዓለምኒ፡ በምልዑ፡ አንተ፡ ፈጠርከ፡ አንተ፡ አቅደምከ፡ ሣርሮታ፡ ለምድር። ዐቢይ፡ ሎቱ፡ ስግደት፡ ይኩን።","english":"Light of the Lord, light that does not darken, and its joy that does not pass away, perfect of the perfect, light of lights, for the shining light that drives away the darkness of Seraphiel and Cherubiel, perfect light, grant me the light of the Holy Spirit, where there is no darkness, perfect light, grant me the light of the Holy Spirit, where there is no darkness, perfect light. Blessed Lord, blessed God of light, blessed vision of power within the light.\n\nHallelujah to the Lord, power, God of Israel, and his fragrance. To Moses, we saw with our eyes and we heard with our ears: there is no other God besides you. You yourself are as your years, which do not pass away, while praising your kingdom, King over all. For you alone created the world in fullness, you first made the boundaries for the earth. Great is his worship; let it be.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ብርሃነ፡ ብርሃናት፡","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'light of lights' is a standard epithet for God in Geʿez liturgical texts, echoing the superlative construction found in the Psalms (e.g., Ps 36:9).","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ኢርኢነ፡ በአዕይንቲነ፡ ወኢሰማዕነ፡ በእዘኒነ፡","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'we saw with our eyes and we heard with our ears' echoes the theophanic language of Deuteronomy 4:36 (LXX) and the Sinai narrative, where Israel witnesses God's presence.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ሱራፌል፡ ወኪሩቤል፡","severity":"info","text":"Seraphiel and Cherubiel are angelic names derived from the Hebrew seraphim and cherubim, here personified as beings whose darkness is dispelled by divine light, a motif common in Ethiopic angelology.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"ብርሃነ፡ ዘመንፈስ፡ ቅዱስ፡","severity":"info","text":"The repeated petition 'grant me the light of the Holy Spirit' forms a liturgical refrain, emphasizing the Trinitarian invocation and the prayer's charismatic character.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"ሃሌሉያ፡ ለእግዚአብሔር፡","severity":"info","text":"The doxological 'Hallelujah to the Lord' marks a transition from the light imagery to a praise section, typical of Ethiopic anaphoral prayers and hymns.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ወመዓዛሁ፡ ለሙሴ፡","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase 'and his fragrance to Moses' is obscure; it may refer to the divine fragrance (reya) associated with theophany in Jewish and Christian tradition, but the syntax is ambiguous.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase 'ወመዓዛሁ ለሙሴ' ('and his fragrance to Moses') is syntactically unclear; it may be a fragment or a corruption.","The identity of 'Seraphiel and Cherubiel' as distinct angelic figures rather than classes is uncertain."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":16,"ref":"p16","source":"መልዓ፡ አፉየ፡ ስብሐቲከ፡ እንዘ፡ ይትሀወክ፡ በመዓልት፡ ጥበበ፡ ወአእምሮ፡ አይዳዕከኒ፡ አንብረኒ፡ ምስለ፡ ጻድቃነከ፡ ሎቱ፡ ይሰግድ፡ ኵሉ፡ ብርክ፡ ፍጥረት፡ ይሰግዱ፡ ወይገንዩ፡ ለከ፡ አማን፡ አማን፡ ዐቢይ፡ ኃይል፡ ወሥልጣን፡ አይቴኑ፡ አሐውር፡ እመንፈስከ፡ ወይ፡ ልየ፡ አኤ፡ ልየ፡ ኵሉ፡ ነፍስ፡ ወለሥጋየ፡ እለ፡ ተአመና፡ እንከ፡ በሕይወቶሙ፡ ወእሉ፡ ኢዘከራ፡ እንከ፡ ደኅሪቶሙ፡ ወኢታጥፍአ፡ እንከ፡ በከንቱ፡ እሰግድ፡ ወእገኒ፡ ለባሕቲትከ፡ ወኢያፈልስ፡ መንግሥተከ፡ ወእዜምር፡ ለከ፡ ውዳሴሁ፡ ወኵሉ፡ ይገኒ፡ ለስብሐቲሁ፡ ወኵሎ፡ ይኴንን፡ በመንግሥቱ፡ አሜን፡ ዐቢይ፡ ስብሐተ፡ ለበስከ፡ ጥዑም፡ ለጕርዔየ፡ ነቢብከ፡ አውዕአ፡ ለነገረ፡ ስብሐቲከ። እምኵሉ፡ ኅሡም፡ እድኅነኒ፡ አፍቀርኩ፡ ስመከ፡ አብደርኩ፡ ትእዛዘከ፡ ተሰፈውኩ፡ አድኅኖተከ፡ ተአመንኩ፡ ኀቤከ፡ እግዚኦ፡ ጸራኅኩ፡ ኀቤከ፡ ወትረ፡ እምቃልከ፡ ደንገፀኒ፡ አርኀው፡ ለነ፡ አንቀጸ፡ ጽድቅ፡ አነ፡ መሬት፡ በቅድሜከ፡ ዘታመጽእ፡ ሐዲሳተ፡ ዘትሬኢ፡ መንክራተ፡ ወኢይትኀፈር፡ አነ፡ ገብርከ፡ ስምዖን። ፍጥር፡ ለነ፡ ልበ፡ ንጹሐ፡ ለአግብርቲከ፡ ኢትሌልየኒ፡ እመክፈልቶሙ፡ ለኅሩያኒከ። ስምዓኒ፡ እግዚአ፡ ጸሎትየ፡ አማን፡ አማን፡ ፩አምላክ፡","english":"Fill my mouth with your praise, while it is marveled at in the daytime. Wisdom and understanding, do not let me stray; place me with your righteous ones. To him every knee of creation bows; they bow and bend to you. Amen, amen. Great power and authority, where shall I go from your spirit? Woe to me, woe to me! Every soul and my flesh that have believed in you, by their lives, and these memorials of you, by their safety, and do not destroy them in vain. I bow and bend to you alone, and I do not alter your kingdom, and I sing his praise, and everything bends to his praise, and everything judges in his kingdom. Amen. Great praise, you have put on sweetness for my throat; you have spoken; raise up the matter of your praise. From every sealed thing, save me. I have loved your name; I have despised your commandment; I have been immersed in your salvation; I have believed in you. O Lord, I have cried out to you continually; from your voice, you have thrust me away. Show us the drops of righteousness. I am earth before you, which brings forth new things, which shows wonders, and is not ashamed. I am your servant Simeon. Fashion for us a pure heart for your servants; do not let me stray from the portion of your chosen ones. Hear me, O Lord of my prayer. Amen, amen, one God.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"መልዓ፡ አፉየ፡ ስብሐቲከ፡","severity":"info","text":"The passage shifts from a series of light invocations (previous passage) to a petition for praise, wisdom, and placement among the righteous, marking a new structural unit.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"አማን፡ አማን፡","severity":"info","text":"The double 'Amen' (አማን፡ አማን፡) is a liturgical formula common in Geʿez prayers, emphasizing affirmation and concluding a doxological unit.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ስምዖን።","severity":"info","text":"The speaker identifies as 'your servant Simeon' (ስምዖን።), likely a scribal or liturgical persona, possibly referencing a biblical or hagiographic figure, but not explicitly identified in the text.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"አነ፡ መሬት፡ በቅድሜከ፡ ዘታመጽእ፡ ሐዲሳተ፡ ዘትሬኢ፡ መንክራተ፡","severity":"info","text":"The image of earth bringing forth new things and wonders echoes creation imagery (cf. Ps 104:24 LXX) but is not a direct quotation; it may reflect a broader biblical trope of humility and divine creativity.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ኢትሌልየኒ፡ እመክፈልቶሙ፡","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase 'do not let me stray from the portion of your chosen ones' (ኢትሌልየኒ፡ እመክፈልቶሙ፡) is textually uncertain; the reading follows the edition but the syntax is ambiguous.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of 'Simeon' (ስምዖን።) is not specified; it may be a scribal name or a liturgical persona.","The phrase 'from your voice, you have thrust me away' (እምቃልከ፡ ደንገፀኒ፡) is ambiguous: it could mean rejection or a test of faith."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":17,"ref":"p17","source":"Praises and exaltations of the name Adonai. ሃሌሉያ፡ ዘሀሎ፡ ወይሄሉ፡ ሃሌሉያ፡ አልቦ፡ ጽላት፡ ሃሌሉያ፡ ዘተአመነ፡ ኵሉ፡ ፍጥረት። ሃሌሉያ፡ ወሬዛ፡ ኃያል፡ ሃሌሉያ፡ ዘአልብከ፡ ርስዓን፡ ሃሌሉያ፡ ዘአልብከ፡ መዊት፡ አዶናይ፡ ኤሎሂ፡ ካህን፡ አንተ፡ አዶናይ፡ ኤሎሂ፡ እስራኤል፡ ግሩም፡ አዶናይ፡ ግብርከ፡ አዶናይ፡ ቅድስ፡ ቅዱስ፡ አዶናይ፡ ይባርኩከ፡ በኵሉ፡ ጊዜ፡ አዶናይ፡ እግዚእየ፡ አምላኪየ፡ ይሴብሐ፡ ይሴባሕ፡ ስሙ፡ ለአዶናይ፡ አዶናይ፡ መዓልተኒ፡ ኖላዊ፡ አዶናይ፡ ሌሊተኒ፡ ዓቃቤ፡ አዶናይ፡ አዶናይ፡ ንጉሥ፡ ዘለዓለም፡ አዶናይ፡ አዶናይ፡ አንተ፡ አዶናይ፡ መሐሪ፡ ስምከ፡ አዶናይ፡ አዶናይ፡ ዘሀሎከ፡ እምትካት፡ አዶናይ፡ አምላክ፡ ከሀሊ፡ አዶናይ፡ አ፡ ለኵሉ፡ ፍጥረት፡ አዶናይ፡ አዶናይ፡ አምላክ፡ ባሕቲትከ፡ ዘይነግሥ፡ አዶናይ፡ በኵሉ፡ ምድር፡ አምላኪየ፡ አብዩ፡ አንተ፡ አምላኪየ፡ ወእግዚእየ፡ አንተ፡ አምላኪየ፡ ወተስፋየ፡ አንተ፡ አምላኪየ፡ እገይስ፡ ኀቤከ፡","english":"Praises and exaltations of the name Adonai. Halleluya, who is and will be, Halleluya, there is no shadow, Halleluya, in whom all creation believed, Halleluya, and the mighty plan, Halleluya, who has no companion, Halleluya, who has no death, Adonai Elohi, priest, you are Adonai Elohi of Israel, glorious Adonai, your work Adonai, holy, holy Adonai, may they bless you at all times, Adonai my Lord, my God, may he praise, may he be praised, his name for Adonai, Adonai, by day a dweller, Adonai, by night a guardian, Adonai, Adonai, king of eternity, Adonai, Adonai, you are Adonai, merciful, your name Adonai, Adonai, who is from you, from the abyss, Adonai, God, hidden, Adonai, mouth for all creation, Adonai, Adonai, God, only you who rules, Adonai, over all the earth, my God, magnify, you are my God and my Lord, you are my God and my hope, my God, I cry out to you.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"አዶናይ","severity":"info","text":"Adonai is a Hebrew divine title meaning 'my Lord,' used in Geʿez liturgy as a reverential name for God, often in doxological repetition.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ሃሌሉያ","severity":"info","text":"Halleluya is a liturgical acclamation of praise, from Hebrew 'praise Yah,' here used as a refrain in a series of epithets.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ቅዱስ፡ ቅዱስ","severity":"info","text":"The double 'holy, holy' echoes the Trisagion (Isaiah 6:3) and the Sanctus of the liturgy, a standard acclamation in Geʿez prayer.","cites":[{"key":"ed:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"source edition: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"አዶናይ","severity":"info","text":"The passage is structured as a litany of epithets for Adonai, each introduced or closed by the divine name, building a cumulative doxology.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ኤሎሂ፡ እስራኤል","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'Adonai Elohi of Israel' reflects the Hebrew Bible's covenant formula, adapted into Geʿez to assert God's lordship over Israel.","cites":[{"key":"ed:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"source edition: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ኖላዊ","severity":"caution","text":"The term 'dweller' (ኖላዊ) is ambiguous; it may mean 'one who dwells' or 'inhabitant,' but the sense here is likely a divine attribute of presence by day.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase 'ኖላዊ' (dweller) and 'ዓቃቤ' (guardian) may be metaphorical titles for God's diurnal and nocturnal roles, but the exact nuance is uncertain.","The sequence 'አ፡ ለኵሉ፡ ፍጥረት' (mouth for all creation) is syntactically ambiguous: it could mean God is the mouth of creation or the mouth for creation."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":18,"ref":"p18","source":"Praises, Sabbath. ሃሌ፡ ሉያ፡ ስብሐት፡ ለእግዚአብሔር፡ ሀበኒ፡ ሊተ፡ ሰንበተከ፡ ቅድስተ፡ ምንት፡ ውእቱ፡ ሲሳይከ፡ እግዚአ፡ ኵሉ፡ ፍጥረት፡ ይሴብሑከ፡ ወበረከተ፡ ምድር፡ ለእግዚአብሔር። አበ፡ ስብሐት፡ አኀዜ፡ ኵሉ፡ ዓለም፡ ይትፌሥሕ፡ ጥቀ፡ ጻድቃን፡ ይኄይሱ፡ ለልየ፡ ሥዕልየ፡ ሰንበት፡ ይኄይስ፡ ዓቂበ፡ ሠርቀ፡ ወርኅ፡ ተመውአ፡ ዘመደ፡ መዋቲ፡ መሬታዊ፡ ዘኢይመውት፡ እስከ፡ ለዓለም፡ ወትቤሎ፡ እስመ፡ ሰንበት፡ ክብርት፡ ስምዓኒ፡ እግዚኦ፡ አሐተ፡ ቃለ፡ አእርካሁ፡ ለኰኵሕ፡ በጥበብከ፡ በአፈ፡ ሙሴ፡ ቍልዔከ፡ አነ፡ ቆምኩ፡ ሰንበት፡ ከመ፡ አድኅን፡ አግብርትየ፡ ወአዕማትየ፡ እስመ፡ መሐሪ፡ ወመስተሣህል፡ መኑ፡ ያነሥኦ፡ ርእሱ፡ ለትውልድ፡ እምአንሥአ ፡ ዘርአ፡ አዳም። ፀሐይኒ፡ ወወርኅኒ፡ ኢኮነ፡ ንጹሐ፡ በቅድሜከ፡ ይኄይስ፡ ትዕግሥት፡ በቅድመ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ ይኄስይ፡ ትሕትና፡ በቅድመ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ አናምልክ፡ ኢንስግድ፡ ለጣዖት፡ ግብረ፡ እደ፡ ሰብእ፡ ስግልዊ፡ አምላኪየሰ፡ ኩነኒ፡ አንተ፡ ፈጣሬ፡ ስማይ፡ ወምድር፡ ኢሞት፡ እግዚእየ፡ ዘእንበለ፡ ይቅተልዎ፡ ወይትቀበልዎ፡ እሉ፡ ሕዝብየ፡ ርስትየ። ኀዘን፡ ቀዳሚትሰ፡ ሞት፡ መሪር፡ ወደኀፈዊ፡ ኵነኔ፡ ሴኦል፡ ለዘዓለም፡ ከመ፡ ሰሙን፡ ውእቱ፡ ጻድቅ፡ ወየዋህ።","english":"Praises, Sabbath. Halleluya, praise to the Lord. Give me your holy Sabbath. What is your feast, Lord of all? All creation praises you, and the blessing of the earth to the Lord. Father of praise, holder of the whole world, rejoice greatly. The righteous shall be glad. For the sake of the Sabbath, the shadow of the Sabbath shall be glad. The moon, having completed its course, the mortal, earthly one who does not die, until eternity, and she said to him: Because the Sabbath is glorious, hear me, O Lord, one word. I shall make known the cry with your wisdom, through the mouth of Moses, your little one. I have stood for the Sabbath, that I may save my servants and my limbs, for who is merciful and forgiving? Who raises his head for a generation from the rising of the seed of Adam? The sun and the moon, they are pure before you. Patience is glad before the Lord. Humility is glad before the Lord. We do not worship, we do not bow to an idol, the work of human hands, a pagan god. Be for me, you are the creator of heaven and earth, and death, my Lord, without them killing him and burying him, these my people, my inheritance. Grief, the first death, bitter and harsh judgment, hell for eternity, as the eighth is the righteous and gentle.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"ሃሌ፡ ሉያ፡ ስብሐት፡ ለእግዚአብሔር፡","severity":"info","text":"The passage opens with a Sabbath rubric and a Halleluya acclamation, continuing the liturgical pattern of the preceding passage.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ሰንበት","severity":"info","text":"Sabbath (ሰንበት) is a central term, appearing repeatedly as a holy day and as a personified entity that speaks.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"በአፈ፡ ሙሴ፡","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'through the mouth of Moses' evokes the giving of the Law on Sinai, a foundational scriptural event.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ለጣዖት፡ ግብረ፡ እደ፡ ሰብእ፡","severity":"info","text":"The rejection of idol worship ('work of human hands') reflects a common Christian polemic against pagan practices, relevant in the Ethiopian context.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ከመ፡ ሰሙን፡","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase 'as the eighth' (ከመ፡ ሰሙን፡) is obscure; it may refer to a numerical or eschatological concept, but the sense is uncertain.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"ሰንበት፡ ክብርት፡","severity":"info","text":"The personification of the Sabbath as a glorious figure who speaks reflects a developed liturgical and homiletic tradition in Ethiopian Christianity.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of the speaker in 'I have stood for the Sabbath' is ambiguous; it may be the supplicant or a personified Sabbath.","The phrase 'as the eighth' (ከመ፡ ሰሙን፡) is unclear in context, possibly a textual corruption or a reference to an unknown tradition."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":19,"ref":"p19","source":"መሐሪ፡ ወመስተሣህል፡ ዐቢይ፡ አንተ፡ አምላከ፡ ዳንኤል፡ አእኰቶ፡ ዳንኤል፡ ለአምላከ፡ ሰማይ፡ ወምድር፡ አማን፡ አምላክከ፡ አምላከ፡ አማልክት፡ ዓቀመ፡ ቃሎ፡ ዘነበበ፡ ወሶበ፡ ጸርሐ፡ ዳንኤል፡ አባ፡ ነያ፡ አበ፡ ኃይሎሙ፡ ለእስራኤል፡ ዜና፡ አናንያ፡ ወአዘርያ፡ ዜና፡ ወሚሳኤል፡ ዜናሆሙ፡ ለእስራኤል፡ ኢነአምን፡ ንብረተ፡ ዝንቱ፡ ዓለም፡ ኢነአምን፡ ንብረተ፡ ዝንቱ፡ ዓለም፡ ኢነአምን፡ አማን፡ ደቀስኑ፡ ሶበ፡ መጻእከኑ፡ ለእሌከ፡ መልአከ፡ ሞት፡ ይቤለኒ፡ ፍሥሐ።\n\nExcerpts from .","english":"Merciful and forgiving, great art thou, God of Daniel. Daniel confessed to the God of heaven and earth, “Amen, thy God is the God of gods.” He set forth the word that was written, and when Daniel cried out, “Father, save me, Father, the strength of Israel, the story of Ananias, the story of Azarias, and the story of Misael, the story of Israel.” Amen, the dwelling of this world. Amen, the dwelling of this world. Amen, truly, when didst thou come to me, O angel of death? He said to me, “Joy.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage is classified as narrative, but it shifts between a direct address to God, a reported confession of Daniel, and a final dialogue with the angel of death.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"መሐሪ ወመስተሣህል","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'Merciful and forgiving' is a standard divine epithet in Geʿez prayer, emphasizing God's compassion and pardon.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ዳንኤል","severity":"info","text":"The mention of Daniel, Ananias, Azarias, and Misael alludes to the Book of Daniel (Dan 1–3), where Daniel and his companions confess God amid persecution.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ኢነአምን","severity":"info","text":"The repeated 'Amen' (ኢነአምን) functions as a liturgical affirmation, common in Geʿez prayers to conclude doxological statements.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"መልአከ ሞት","severity":"info","text":"The angel of death (መልአከ ሞት) appears in Ethiopic Christian tradition as a figure who announces or brings death, reflecting later hagiographic and homiletic developments.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase 'Father, save me, Father, the strength of Israel' may be a direct quote from Daniel or a liturgical insertion; the Geʿez does not clearly mark the speaker shift.","The final line 'He said to me, Joy' is abrupt; the identity of the speaker (Daniel or the angel) is ambiguous."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":20,"ref":"p20","source":"ይትባረክ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ አምላከ፡ እስራኤል፡ ራእይ፡ ዘርእየ፡ ኢሳይያስ፡ ነቢይ፡ ወልደ፡ አሞጽ፡ ስማዕ፡ ሰማይ፡ ወአጽምዒ፡ ምድር፡ ኅድጉ፡ እከየክሙ፡ ተመሐሩ፡ ገቢረ፡ ሠናይ፡ እፎ፡ ኮነት፡ ዘማ፡ ሀገረ፡ ጽዮን፡ ቃል፡ ዘኮነ፡ ኀበ፡ ኢሳይያስ፡ ወኮነ፡ በደኀሪ፡ መዋዕል፡ አሌላ፡ ለነፍስየ፡ እስመ፡ መከሩ፡ እኩየ፡ እስመ፡ ተዘኀራ፡ አዋልደ፡ ጽዮን፡ ህየንተ፡ መዓዛ፡ ዕድረትከ፡ ሰብለ፡ ይኩንከ፡ አሌሎሙ፡ እለ፡ ይስሕብዎ፡ ለኃጢአት፡ አሌሊት፡ እስመ፡ ኀደጉ፡ ቃለ፡ ትእዘዝከ፡ ብርሃንስ፡ ጸሊም፡ ጸሊምሰ፡ ብርሃን፡ አሌሎሙ፡ እለ፡ ይጽሕፉ፡ እኩየ፡ መጽሐፈ፡ ወነዋ፡ መልአ፡ አማን፡ ቤተ፡ ስብሐቲሁ፡ ሱራፌል፡ ይቀውሙ፡ ዓውዶ፡ ወይብሉ፡ ቅዱስ፡ ቅ፡ ቅ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ ፀባዖት፡ ኢያእመርከኑ፡ ወኢሰማዕከኑ፡ ከመ፡ አምላክ፡ ዐቢይ፡ ዘለዓለም፡ ጻድቅ፡ ማኅየዊ፡ አልቦ፡ ከማከ፡ ስሙ፡ ኢልቡ፡ ርእዩ፡ ትሬእዩ፡ ኢተአምሩ፡ አበውኡ፡ ለዛቲ፡ ሀገር፡ አድኅና፡ በእንቲአየ፡ ወበእንተ፡ ዳዊት፡ ቍልዔየ፡ ኢትንድፍ፡ ውስቴታ፡ አሕፃ፡ አልቦ፡ ዘየአምር፡ ምክሮ፡ ወአልቦ፡ ዘየአምር፡ ሕሊናሁ፡ እስመ፡ ነገረ፡ ግብራ፡ ለመድኀኒትነ፡ እብለ፡ ለጽዮን፡ ተዘከሩ፡ ሣህሎ፡ ለእግዚአብሔር። ወኵሉ፡ ዕሤቱ፡ ጽድቅ፡ ወትረ፡ ለቤተ፡ እስራኤል፡ እስመ፡ ተዘረከ፡ ዘይትኀሠሥ፡ ደሞሙ፡ ወኢረስዓ፡ አውያቶሙ፡ ለነደያን፡ ግድፊ፡ ጋጋ፡ ክሣድኪ፡ ወለተ፡ ጽዮን፡ ትጼውዓከ፡","english":"Blessed is the Lord, the God of Israel. The vision that Isaiah the prophet, son of Amoz, saw. Hear, O heaven, and make the earth hear. Abandon your evil, repent, do good. How did it come to pass? What of the city of Zion? The word that came to Isaiah, and it came to pass in later days. Woe to my soul, for they conspired evil, for the children of Zion were scattered. Instead of the fragrance of your pasture, may it be a path for you. Woe to those who laugh at sin. Woe to me, for they abandoned the word of your command. Light is dark, dark is light. Woe to those who write evil books, and they filled the house of his praise with lies. The Seraphim stand in the court and say, \"Holy, holy, holy, Lord of Hosts.\" Do you know and have you heard that the great God is eternal? Righteous, life-giving, there is none like you. His name is not, they have seen, you will see, and you will marvel, O fathers of this city. Save me and on account of David, my children, and cast out the thorns from within her. There is none who knows his counsel, and none who knows his thought, for the deed of our salvation is spoken. I say to Zion, \"Remember the mercy of the Lord.\" And all his work is righteousness, continually for the house of Israel, for he remembered that their blood would be avenged. And do not spare their enemies. Strike, strike your neck, O daughter of Zion, she calls you.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"ይትባረክ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ አምላከ፡ እስራኤል፡","severity":"info","text":"The passage opens with a doxological formula, 'Blessed is the Lord, the God of Israel,' which serves as a narrative invocation, distinct from the preceding prayer's direct address.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ራእይ፡ ዘርእየ፡ ኢሳይያስ፡ ነቢይ፡ ወልደ፡ አሞጽ፡","severity":"info","text":"This phrase explicitly references the vision of Isaiah son of Amoz, likely alluding to the biblical Book of Isaiah (especially chapters 6 and 40–66), a common source for Ethiopic visionary literature.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ሱራፌል፡ ይቀውሙ፡ ዓውዶ፡ ወይብሉ፡ ቅዱስ፡ ቅ፡ ቅ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ ፀባዖት፡","severity":"info","text":"The Seraphim chanting 'Holy, holy, holy, Lord of Hosts' echoes the Trisagion from Isaiah 6:3, a liturgical formula central to Ethiopic and broader Christian worship, here integrated into a narrative of judgment.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ኢሳይያስ፡","severity":"info","text":"The name 'ኢሳይያስ' (Isaiah) is a Geʿez transliteration of the Hebrew Yesha‘yahu, reflecting the Ethiopic biblical tradition's direct borrowing from the Septuagint or Syriac.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"ኢሳይያስ፡ ነቢይ፡ ወልደ፡ አሞጽ፡","severity":"info","text":"Isaiah's vision is invoked in a prayer context, suggesting a reception of prophetic literature as a source of eschatological hope and moral exhortation in Ethiopic Christian piety.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ኢልቡ፡ ርእዩ፡ ትሬእዩ፡ ኢተአምሩ፡","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase 'His name is not, they have seen, you will see, and you will marvel' is syntactically ambiguous; it may reflect a corruption or a deliberate mystical ellipsis, possibly referring to divine ineffability.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase 'ኢልቡ፡ ርእዩ፡ ትሬእዩ፡' is unclear: it may mean 'His name is not, they have seen, you will see' or be a textual corruption; the reading taken treats it as a mystical statement on divine hiddenness."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":21,"ref":"p21","source":"Series of eulogies.","english":"Series of eulogies.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage consists solely of a series of eulogies, marking a shift from the preceding narrative and visionary content to a doxological section.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"sense","kind":"sense","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The English draft renders the Geʿez as 'Series of eulogies,' indicating a liturgical or hymnic interlude within the prayer.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"Eulogies in Geʿez liturgical texts often consist of short praises or blessings, possibly echoing the structure of the Anaphora or other prayer cycles.","cites":[{"key":"ed:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"source edition: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The Geʿez text is not provided in full; the exact content and number of eulogies are unknown.","The relationship of this eulogistic section to the preceding vision of Isaiah is not explicitly stated."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":22,"ref":"p22","source":"ከመዝ፡ ይቤ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ ፅቀቡ፡ ጽድቀ፡ ወርትዓ፡ ከመዝ፡ ይቤ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ ልዑል፡ ዘየኀድር፡ ውስተ፡ አርያም፡ አርትዓ፡ ጠዋየ፡ ኵሎ፡ ወባልሕ፡ ኵሎ፡ ምንዱበ፡ እስመ፡ አነ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ ዘአፈቅር፡ ጽድቀ፡ ወእሁብ፡ ተግባሮሙ፡ ለጻድቃን፡ ደቂቀ፡ ጽዮን፡ ክቡራት፡ ተሣየጡ፡ በወርቅ፡ እስመ፡ አልበሰኒ፡ ልብሰ፡ ሕይወት፡ ወከደነኒ፡ ክዳነ፡ ዕሤት፡ በልዋ፡ ለወለተ፡ ጽዮን፡ ነዋ፡ ንጉሥኪ፡ ዘልብሱ፡ ሠናይ፡ ዘበሥውር፡ ግሩም፡ ወኃያል፡ ይትቀነዩ፡ ሊተ፡ ይበልዑ፡ አንትሙስ፡ ትርኅቡ፡ ይትቀነዩ፡ ሊተ፡ ይሰትዩ፡ ሊተ፡ አንትሙሰ፡ ትትፌሥሑ፡ አንትሙሰ፡ ተአስሩ፡ ይትቀነዩ፡ ሊተ፡ አንትሙሰ፡ ይትፌሥሑ፡ አንትሙሰ፡ ትገዐሩ፡ እስመ፡ ይባርክዎ፡ ለአምላከ፡ ጽድቅ፡ አምላከ፡ ዳዊት፡ አባዕኩ፡ ሰማዕከ፡ ጸሎተከ፡ ንዜኑ፡ ዜና፡ ሰላም፡ ከመዝ፡ ዜና፡ ሠናይት፡ ወትቤ፡ ጽዮን፡ ኀደገኒኑ፡ ወረስዓኒኑ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ ሰማይኒ፡ መንበርየ፡ ሃሌሉያ፡ አርያምኒ፡ ማኅደርየ፡ ሃሌሉያ፡ አይቴኑ፡ ማኅደርየ፡ ወምዕራፍየ፡ እግዚኦ፡ ደምስስ፡ ከመ፡ ደመና፡ ለኀጢአትየ፡ አንተ፡ ቀዳማዊ፡ አንተ፡ ለዓለም፡ አንተ፡ ደኀራዊ፡ አንተ፡ ለዓለም፡ ኢርኢነ፡ በአዕይንቲነ፡ ወኢሰማዕነ፡ በእዘኒነ፡ አልቦ፡ ባዕድ፡ ዘእንበሌከ፡ ፈቲሁሰ፡ ሰሚዑ፡ ገቢረ፡ ገቢርሰ፡ ዓቂበ፡ ዓቂብሰ፡ ፈጽም፡ ፈጺሞስ፡ እስከ፡ ለሞት፡ ብእሲ፡ ነባቢ፡ በሀም፡ እግር፡ ሐዋሪ፡ ድኩም፡ እዝን፡ ሰማዒ፡ ፈጽም፡ ኦነፍስ፡ ኦነፍስ፡ ብክዩ፡ ለዘአብድ፡ ብክዩ፡ ለዘሞተ፡ እስመ፡ ኀለፈ፡ መዋዕለ፡ ብርሃን፡ አልቦ፡ መራኅያ፡ ዝክርከ፡ ኢይመውት፡ በበኀፍረት፡ እንተ፡ ትመጽእ፡ ኃጢአት፡","english":"Thus says the Lord: \"My righteousness and my justice are upright.\" Thus says the Lord Most High, who dwells in the heights: \"I have spread out all and consumed all, for I am the Lord who loves righteousness, and I give the deeds of the righteous to the children of Zion.\" The glorious ones were adorned with gold, for they clothed me with the garment of life and covered me with the covering of honor. Say to the daughter of Zion: \"Behold, your king, whose garment is good, who is hidden, glorious, and mighty—let them be adorned for me, let them eat; you shall be abundant. Let them be adorned for me, let them drink for me; you shall rejoice. Let them be adorned for me; you shall rejoice, you shall be exalted.\" For they bless the God of righteousness, the God of David. \"I have spread out; you have heard your prayer. Let us proclaim the news of peace, like the news of good things.\" And Zion said: \"He has left me and abandoned me.\" The Lord: \"My heaven is my throne, hallelujah; my height is my sanctuary, hallelujah. Where is my sanctuary and my dwelling place? O Lord, blot out like a cloud my sins. You are the first; you are eternal. You are the last; you are eternal. We see with our eyes, and we hear with our ears. There is no other besides you. The one who hears does the deed; the one who watches keeps watch; the one who completes finishes. Even unto death, a man who speaks with his mouth, walks on foot, is deaf of ear, is blind—O soul, O soul, weep for what is lost, weep for what has died, for the time of light has passed. There is no guide for your memory. O death, with shame, what sin is coming?","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"ከመዝ፡ ይቤ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡","severity":"info","text":"The passage opens with a repeated formula 'Thus says the Lord', marking a prophetic or liturgical declaration that shifts between divine speech and Zion's lament.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ጽዮን፡","severity":"info","text":"Zion (ጽዮን) is a key figure in Geʿez liturgical poetry, often personified as the Church or the faithful community, here addressed as 'daughter of Zion'.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ከመዝ፡ ዜና፡ ሰላም፡","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'news of peace' echoes Isaianic and Psalmic language of salvation, possibly alluding to Isaiah 52:7 or similar prophetic calls for peace.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ሃሌሉያ፡","severity":"info","text":"The repeated 'hallelujah' reflects the liturgical setting of the prayer, common in Ethiopian Christian hymns and psalmodic responses.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"ኢርኢነ፡ በአዕይንቲነ፡ ወኢሰማዕነ፡ በእዘኒነ፡","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'We see with our eyes, and we hear with our ears' is a confessional formula emphasizing direct experience of God, typical in Ethiopian Orthodox liturgy.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ኢይመውት፡ በበኀፍረት፡","severity":"caution","text":"The final line 'O death, with shame, what sin is coming?' is syntactically ambiguous; it may be a rhetorical question or a fragment, and the sense of 'shame' (ኀፍረት) could refer to the disgrace of sin or death itself.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The shift between divine voice and Zion's voice is not always clearly marked; the phrase 'He has left me and abandoned me' could be attributed to Zion or to a collective speaker.","The final clause 'what sin is coming?' may be a rhetorical lament or a question about future judgment; the grammar allows both readings."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":23,"ref":"p23","source":"ወበበኃፍረት፡ ለክብር፡ ወለስብሐት፡ ቀዳሚሃ፡ ለጥበብ፡ ፈሪሃ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ ዋው፡ ይጼልል፡ ከመ፡ ወይን፡ ማኅደራ፡ አክሊለ፡ ክብር፡ ለርእስከ፡ ባዝግና፡ ወርቅ፡ ለክሣድከ፡ ህሊና፡ ሠናይ፡ በቅድሜከ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡\n\nWisdom, chiefly verses from . ብፁዕ፡ ብእሲ፡ ዘረከባ፡ ለጥበብ፡ እምነ፡ የማና፡ ወእምጸጋማ፡ ብዕል፡ ወክብር፡ ይኄይስ፡ ኪያሃ፡ ትገብሮ፡ ጽድቅ፡ እምወርቅ፡ ወብሩር፡ አኮ፡ መጠና፡ ኑኅ፡ መዋዕል፡ ዓመተ፡ ሕይወት፡ ጥበብ፡ ሳረራ፡ ለምድር፡ ወረሰየ፡ ደመና፡ መከየደ፡ ፍናዊሃ፡ ፍናወ፡ ሠናይ፡ ወኵሉ፡ ዓሠራ፡ በሰላም፡ ተአመን፡ ባቲ፡ ወኢትትኃፈር፡ ምርጉዝ፡ ባቲ፡ ኢይተነትን፡ እስመ፡ ጽላሎታ፡ ለጥበብ፡ ከመ፡ ጽላሎታ፡ ለብሩር፡ ኵሉ፡ ከንቱ፡ ይቤ፡ መክብብ፡ ምንት፡ ፍድፋዴሁ፡ ለሰብእ፡ አእምሮ፡\n\nExcerpts from , and biblical passages concerning Abraham. ቀዳሚት፡ ዘእምአበዊነ፡ ወይቤሎ፡ ለከኒ፡ ረዳኢከ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ ኦብእሲ፡ ክቡር፡ አብርሃም፡ ወለእመኒ፡ ወሀበኒ፡ አንቀጸ፡ ሐራጊከ፡ አነ፡ በትፍሥሕት፡ ወበኃሤት።","english":"And in reverence for glory and praise, the first of wisdom is the fear of the Lord. The Lord Most High, whose name is Wāw, shall overshadow like wine. His dwelling is a crown of glory for your head; gold and silver for your neck; good understanding before you, O Lord.\n\nBlessed is the man who has obtained wisdom, from the right and from the left, wealth and glory. He who does righteousness surpasses her. Gold and silver are not equal to her. The days of Noah, the years of life—wisdom has plowed the earth and appointed clouds, has adorned her paths, the paths of good, and all her works are in peace. Trust in her and do not be ashamed, for you are chosen in her. Do not be foolish, for the shadow of wisdom is like the shadow of silver. All is vanity, says the Preacher. What is the measure of man? Understanding.\n\nThe first from our fathers, and he said to him: \"Your helper is the Lord, O honorable man, Abraham. And if he has given me the key of your gate, I am in joy and in haste.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ዋው","severity":"info","text":"The Geʿez term 'Wāw' (ዋው) is the sixth letter of the Ethiopic alphabet, used here as a divine name or epithet, possibly derived from the Hebrew letter waw, symbolizing connection or the divine name.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ኵሉ ከንቱ ይቤ መክብብ","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'All is vanity, says the Preacher' echoes Ecclesiastes 1:2, where Qoheleth declares the vanity of human endeavors. The Geʿez 'መክብብ' (mäkəbəb) translates 'Preacher' or 'Ecclesiastes'.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ኖኅ መዋዕል","severity":"info","text":"The reference to 'the days of Noah' evokes the antediluvian patriarch, a figure of longevity and righteousness in biblical tradition, here used to contrast the enduring value of wisdom with temporal wealth.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage is classified as narrative in the Coptic structural scheme, but the Geʿez text shifts between hymnic praise, proverbial wisdom, and a direct address to Abraham, suggesting a composite liturgical unit.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"parallel","kind":"parallel","basis":"text","lemma":"ጥበብ ሳረራ ለምድር","severity":"info","text":"The image of wisdom plowing the earth and appointing clouds parallels Proverbs 8 and Sirach 24, where wisdom is personified as a cosmic force ordering creation.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ባዝግና ወርቅ ለክሣድከ","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase 'gold and silver for your neck' is ambiguous: it may be a literal adornment metaphor or a corruption of a phrase about wisdom as a necklace. The Geʿez 'ባዝግና' is unclear.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of 'Wāw' as a divine name is uncertain; it may be a scribal insertion or a mystical epithet.","The transition from wisdom discourse to the address to Abraham is abrupt, possibly indicating a lacuna or composite origin."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":24,"ref":"p24","source":"ወእምዝ፡ ወፅአ፡ ሚካኤል፡ እምቤተ፡ አብርሃም፡ ወፅአ፡ እምቅድመ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ ወይፄዓን፡ ደመና፡ ምስለ፡ አብርሃም፡ ወጾረቶ፡ እንተ፡ መንገለ፡ አውኪያኖስ፡ አነ፡ አብርሃም፡ ርኢኩ፡ መካነ፡ አንቀጽ፡ ዐቢይ፡ ወአንቀጽ፡ ንዑሰ፡ ወነጸርኩ፡ ብሩሀ፡ ወላዕሌሁ፡ አልባስ፡ ንጹሕ፡ ወበጊዜ፡ በከየ፡ ይስሐቅ፡ ወባሕቱ፡ ብክዩ፡ ፈድፋደ፡ ወኪዳኑ፡ ወግብር፡ ምሕረቱ፡ ወለእመኒ፡ ጽዋዕ፡ ወተአመን፡ ኵሉ፡ ዘይቤ፡ ኃይል፡ ኃይልየ፡ መንፈስ፡ ቅዱስ፡ ትኩን፡ ወሀበ፡ ምሕረት፡ ወሀበ፡ አብርሃም፡ እግዚእ፡ መሐሮ፡ ለዘሀለዋ፡ ወስረይ፡ ኃጢአቶ፡ ትኩን፡ ምስሌነ፡ በረከተ፡ አበዊነ፡ አብርሃም፡ ይስሐቅ፡ ኦፍቁርየ፡ ዕቀብ፡ ትእዛዝየ፡ እንተ፡ አማኅፀንኩ፡ ዮም፡ ተዓቀብ፡ ፍጡር፡ ዘበአርአያ፡ እግዚአብሔር። ወከማሁ፡ ይገብር፡ ለከኒ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ ወዘንተ፡ ሶበ፡ ይቤ፡ ነሥአ፡ እግዚእየ፡ ቀዳማዊ፡ ወደኀራዊ፡ ወፆራ፡ ወእሳራ፡ መስሌነ፡ ወዲበ፡ ሰረገላ፡ ቅዱስ፡ ዓርገ፡ ውስተ፡ ሰማያት፡ ላዕለ፡ ኪሩቤል፡ ወሱራፌል፡ ይሴብሑ፡ ቅድሜሁ፡ ወሀበ፡ ኪያሃ፡ ወፈጸመ፡ ሎቱ፡ ኪዳነ፡ ዘለዓለም፡ ዝንቱኬ፡ ዕረፍተ፡ አበዊነ፡ አብርሃም። ኦደቂቅየ፡ ኩኑ፡ አክብርዎሙ፡ ለቅዱሳን፡ ኦደቂቅየ፡ ኩኑ፡ ለነጋድያን፡ ለእለ፡ ትፈቅዱ፡ ትምሐርዎሙ፡ እስመ፡ ዘአፍአምከ፡ ለነዳይ፡ ኅብስተ፡ በዘምሉዕ፡ ስባሔ፡ ወውዳሴ፡ በዝየ፡ ከመ፡ የሀብከ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ ኅብስተ፡ ሕይወይ፡ በመንግሥተ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ ከመ፡ ያልብስከ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ ልብሰ፡ ስብሐት፡ በሰማያት፡ ወትኩን፡ ወልድየ፡ አበዊየ፡ ቅዱሳን፡ በዝየ፡ ተዘከር፡ ቅዱሳን።","english":"And then Michael came forth from the house of Abraham, and came forth from before the Lord, and a cloud passed by with Abraham, and its dew fell toward the Ocean. I, Abraham, have seen the place of the great trembling and the small trembling, and I have beheld its light and its brilliance. There is no pure garment, and at the time when Isaac wept, and only they wept, one by one, and his covenant and the work of his mercy. And if there is a command and faith, everything that says, \"Power, my power, Holy Spirit, let it be,\" and he gave mercy, and Abraham gave. Lord, have mercy on him who is, and forgive his sin; let it be with us the blessing of our fathers Abraham and Isaac. O my beloved, keep my commandment which I have entrusted today; keep the creature in the image of the Lord. And likewise, may the Lord do for you. And when he said this, my Lord, the First and the Last, took and bound and tied with us, and upon the holy chariot he ascended into the heavens above the cherubim and seraphim, who praise before him, and he gave it to her, and he completed for him the eternal covenant. This is the rest of our fathers Abraham. O my children, be, honor the saints. O my children, be for the merchants, for those whom you wish to have mercy, for he who gives bread to the poor in the fullness of praise and glory, so that the Lord may give you the bread of life in the kingdom of the Lord, so that the Lord may clothe you with the garment of glory in the heavens, and let it be, my son, my holy fathers. In this, remember the saints.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"ወእምዝ፡ ወፅአ፡ ሚካኤል፡ እምቤተ፡ አብርሃም፡","severity":"info","text":"The passage opens with a narrative sequence ('And then Michael came forth'), continuing the deterministic structural classification from the Coptic cues.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"አንቀጽ፡ ዐቢይ፡ ወአንቀጽ፡ ንዑሰ፡","severity":"info","text":"'Great trembling and small trembling' likely refers to a visionary experience of divine presence, a common motif in apocalyptic literature.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"አብርሃም፡ ይስሐቅ፡","severity":"info","text":"The patriarchs Abraham and Isaac are invoked, echoing the biblical tradition (Genesis) and their role in Ethiopic prayer as intercessors.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ኪሩቤል፡ ወሱራፌል፡","severity":"info","text":"Cherubim and seraphim are angelic orders in Ethiopic Christian cosmology, often depicted in liturgical and visionary texts as praising God.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"ኪዳነ፡ ዘለዓለም፡","severity":"info","text":"'Eternal covenant' reflects a theme of divine promise, possibly linked to the Ethiopic understanding of God's enduring pact with the faithful.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ወሀበ፡ ኪያሃ፡ ወፈጸመ፡ ሎቱ፡ ኪዳነ፡","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase 'he gave it to her, and he completed for him the covenant' is ambiguous in referent; the pronouns may shift between Abraham, Michael, or the Lord.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The referents of 'her' and 'him' in the covenant passage are unclear; the text may conflate multiple figures.","The sequence of events (Michael, cloud, Isaac's weeping) is disjointed, possibly due to liturgical condensation."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":25,"ref":"p25","source":"Excerpts from . ዘጎርጎርዮስ፡ ነቢይ፡ ወእምዝ፡ ይቤሎ፡ መልአክ፡ ኦነፍስ፡ ኢትፍርሂ፡ እስመ፡ አንተ፡ ውእቱ፡ ሞገሶሙ፡ ለጻድቃን፡ እስመ፡ አንተ፡ ውእቱ፡ አክሊሎሙ፡ ለንጹሐን፡ እስመ፡ አንተ፡ ውእቱ፡ ዕበዮሙ፡ ለትሑታን፡ ወጽንዖሙ፡ ለድኩማን፡ ወትነሥእ፡ ፍሬ፡ ምግባራት፡ ትረክብ፡ ዕሤታ፡ በዲበ፡ ምድር፡ ከመ፡ ይሬእዮ፡ ዘጎርጎርዮስ፡ እምድኅረ፡ ሞት፡ አልቦ፡ ንሳሐ። አበድነ፡ ልብነ፡ ዘያነድደነ፡ ርእስነ፡ አፍላገ፡ እሳት፡ ክልሲ፡ ጵልሲ። አኃውየ፡ ንዑ፡ ንግነይ፡ ለአምላከ፡ ሰማይ፡ አኃውየ፡ ኢትኩኑ፡ እኩያነ፡ አኃውየ፡ መዋዕልሰ፡ ኃለፈ፡ አኃውየ፡ ንዘከር፡ ሞተነ፡ አኃውየ፡ ተመየጡ፡ ለየማን፡ አኃውየ፡ ኢትሑሩ፡ ለፀጋም፡ ዜና፡ ሰማዕኩ፡ ዐቢየ፡ ዜና፡ ሰማዕኩ፡ መንክር፡ ዜና፡ ሰማዕኩ፡ ዜና፡ ዘኵሎ፡ ይመልክ፡ ስሙ፡ አሌ፡ ሊተ፡ አሌ፡ ሊተ፡ እስመ፡ ኮንኩ፡ ከመዝ፡ አሌ፡ ሊተ፡ ለነፍስየ፡ እስመ፡ ሐልቀ፡ ኄር፡ አሌ፡ ሊተ፡ በጽሐ፡ ፍዳ፡ ንጹሕኒ፡ አልቦ፡ ንጹሕ፡ በሀቤሁ፡ ለእግዚአብሔር፡ ምንት፡ መጠና፡ ይቤ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ ይእዜኒ፡ ወይቤሎ፡ መሐክ፡ ሕዝበክ፡ እግዚኦ፡ እለ፡ ተጋብኡ፡ ወተጋነዩ፡ ሕዝብ፡ አብዳን፡ ሀበኒ፡ ሰላመ፡ ለዝንቱ፡ ብሔር፡ ወሰዓለ፡ አብርሃም፡ ዘከመ፡ መሐለ፡ ለአበዊነ፡ ዳአሙ፡ ርእዩ፡ ሰላመ፡ ኅቡረ፡ ተጋነዩ፡ ዓቍርር፡ መዓተከ፡","english":"Excerpts from Gregory the Prophet. And then the angel said to him, \"O soul, do not fear, for you are the glory of the righteous, for you are the crown of the pure, for you are the greatness of the humble and the strength of the weak. And you shall receive the fruit of virtues; you shall find grace upon the earth, as Gregory saw after death. There is no repentance. Our Father, our heart which burns us, our head, rivers of fire, both sides. My brothers, come, let us pray to the God of heaven. My brothers, do not be evil. My brothers, the days have passed. My brothers, let us remember our death. My brothers, be reconciled to the right. My brothers, do not be angry for the left. I have heard a great report; I have heard a marvelous report; I have heard a report of everything that rules. Woe to me, woe to me, for I have become like this. Woe to me for my soul, for the good has perished. Woe to me, the price has arrived; there is no pure one. There is no pure one before the Lord. \"What is the measure?\" said the Lord, \"Now?\" And the angel said to him, \"Pardon your people, O Lord, those who have gathered and assembled. The people of destruction. Give peace to this land.\" And Abraham prayed as he prayed for our fathers. \"See, they have seen peace together. They have assembled. Turn away your wrath.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"ዘጎርጎርዮስ፡ ነቢይ፡","severity":"info","text":"The passage opens with a heading attributing the following text to 'Gregory the Prophet', marking a shift from the preceding narrative of Abraham and Michael to a new, prophetic voice.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ንሳሐ","severity":"info","text":"The Geʿez term 'ንሳሐ' (nəssāḥā) means 'repentance' or 'penance'. Its negation here, 'አልቦ ንሳሐ' (no repentance), underscores a theme of finality or judgment, contrasting with the earlier call to prayer.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"አኃውየ፡ ንዑ፡ ንግነይ፡ ለአምላከ፡ ሰማይ፡","severity":"info","text":"The repeated exhortation 'My brothers, come, let us pray to the God of heaven' echoes the communal prayer language found in the Old Testament Psalms (e.g., Ps 95:1) and in Ethiopic liturgical tradition, though no direct citation is given.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ዘጎርጎርዮስ፡ ነቢይ፡","severity":"info","text":"The reference to 'Gregory the Prophet' likely alludes to Gregory of Nazianzus or Gregory of Nyssa, both revered in the Ethiopic tradition as prophetic figures, though the specific work is not identified in the source edition.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"አሌ፡ ሊተ፡","severity":"info","text":"The repeated lament 'Woe to me' (አሌ ሊተ) is a common penitential formula in Ethiopic prayers, reflecting a tradition of personal confession and humility before God, as seen in other Geʿez liturgical texts.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ክልሲ፡ ጵልሲ።","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase 'ክልሲ ጵልሲ' (both sides) is ambiguous; it may refer to the two sides of a river of fire or to a dualistic moral choice, but the text is unclear and may be corrupt or elliptical.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of 'Gregory the Prophet' is not specified; it could refer to Gregory of Nazianzus or another Gregory.","The phrase 'ክልሲ ጵልሲ' (both sides) is ambiguous in context, possibly referring to a river of fire or a moral dichotomy.","The transition from the angel's speech to the lament 'Woe to me' is abrupt, leaving unclear whether the speaker is Abraham, the soul, or the prophet."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":26,"ref":"p26","source":"Excerpt from . ቃል፡ ዘኮነ፡ ኀበ፡ ኤርምያስ፡ ነቢይ፡ እምከርሠ፡ እምከ፡ አእመርኩከ፡ አንብረነ፡ ውስተ፡ ሀገርነ፡ በሰላም፡ ትእዛዙሂ፡ ዘለዓለም፡ ወሕጉሂ፡ ዘለዓለም፡ ከመዝ፡ ይቤ፡ እግዚአብሔር። ዘኵሎ፡ ይመልክ፡ እስመ፡ አነ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ ዘገብረ፡ ሣህለ፡ ከመዝ፡ ይቤ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ ኀያል፡ አምላከ፡ እስራኤል፡ ኵሎሙ፡ ለያዕቆብ፡ የሐዩ፡ ኦእስራኤል፡ እፎ፡ ዐቢይ፡ ቤተ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ መጻእነ፡ መጻእነ፡ አልቦ፡ ባዕድ፡ አምላክ፡ ዘእንበሌከ፡ ስማዕ፡ እስራኤል፡ ትእዘዘ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ አሌፍ፡ እፎ፡ ንብረታ፡ ባሕቲታ፡ ቤት፡ ብካየ፡ በከየት፡ ጋሜል፡ ፈለሰት፡ ይሁዳ፡ ዳሌጥ፡ ፍናዊሃ፡ ለጽዮን፡ ሔት፡ አበሳ፡ አበሰት፡ ቆፍ፡ ጸዋዕኩ፡ ስመከ፡ አሌፍ፡ እፎ፡ ማሰና፡ ወርቅ፡ ወብሩር፡ ርኢ፡ እግዚኦ፡ ሕማመነ፡ ወርኢ፡ እግዚኦ፡ ኃሣረነ፡\n\nExcerpt from . ይትባረክ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ አምላከ፡ እስራኤል፡ አምላክ፡ ለኵሉ፡ ዘሥጋ፡ ወለኵሉ፡ መንፈስ። ኦሪት፡ ዘፀዓት፡ ዝውእቱ፡ አስማቲሆሙ፡ ለደቂቀ፡ እስራኤል፡ ወሰምዓ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ ገዓሮ፡ ወተዘከረ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ መሐላሁ፡ አእመርኩ፡ ፃዕሮሙ፡ ወወደርኩ፡ ከመ፡ አድኅኖሙ፡ አስተበቍዓከ፡ እግዚኦ፡ ስምዓኒ፡ ቃልየ፡ አልብየ፡ ከመዝ፡ ይቤ፡ እግዚአብሔር። ፈኑ፡ ሕዝብየ፡ ከመዝ፡ ይቤ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ አምላከ፡ ዕብራውያን፡ አነ፡ ውእቱ፡ ዘሀሎ፡ ወይሄሌ፡ ወከረዩ፡ ኵሉ፡ ብሔረ፡ ግብጽ፡ አውዱ፡ ለተከዚ፡ እስመ፡ ሰትዩ፡ ማየ፡ ዓውዱ፡ ለተከዚ፡ አመኒ፡ ማእዜ፡ ጸለየ፡ ዲቤከ፡ በልዑ፡ መና፡ ፵ዓመተ፡ እስከ፡ በጽሐ፡ ደወለ፡ ክነፊከ።","english":"Excerpt from the Word that was with Jeremiah the Prophet: \"From the womb, from the womb, I have known you; I have placed you within our city in peace. His commandment is eternal, and his law is eternal.\" Thus said the Lord who rules over all: \"For I am the Lord who has done mercy.\" Thus said the Lord, the mighty God of Israel: \"All the children of Jacob shall live. O Israel, where is the great house of the Lord? We have come, we have come; there is no other God besides you. Hear, O Israel, the commandment of the Lord.\" Aleph: \"Where is her dwelling, alone, the house of my weeping? In weeping, the camel of Judah fled.\" Daleth: \"Her paths to Zion.\" Heth: \"Sin has sinned.\" Qoph: \"I have cried out your name.\" Aleph: \"Where is the measure of gold and silver? See, O Lord, our affliction, and see, O Lord, our poverty.\"\n\nExcerpt from: \"Blessed be the Lord, God of Israel, God of all that is flesh and of all spirit.\" The Torah that went forth: \"These are the names of the children of Israel.\" And the Lord heard their cry and remembered his oath. \"I have known their cry and I have declared that I will save them. I have besought you, O Lord; hear my voice, I have no one else.\" Thus said the Lord: \"Send my people.\" Thus said the Lord, God of the Hebrews: \"I am he who is and will be.\" And all the land of Egypt saw: \"They destroyed the fortress, for they drank the water of the fortress. When did he pray for you? He ate manna for forty years until the wing of your shoulder arrived.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"ቃል፡ ዘኮነ፡ ኀበ፡ ኤርምያስ፡ ነቢይ","severity":"info","text":"The passage opens with a rubric identifying an excerpt from a work associated with Jeremiah the prophet, marking a shift from the previous narrative about Gregory.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ስማዕ፡ እስራኤል፡ ትእዘዘ፡ እግዚአብሔር","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'Hear, O Israel, the commandment of the Lord' echoes the Shema Yisrael (Deuteronomy 6:4), a central Jewish prayer, here adapted into a Christian context.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"አሌፍ፡ እፎ፡ ንብረታ፡ ባሕቲታ፡ ቤት፡ ብካየ","severity":"info","text":"The sequence of Hebrew letter-names (Aleph, Daleth, Heth, Qoph) introduces an alphabetic acrostic, likely from a lament or liturgical poem, reflecting a tradition of Hebrew poetic forms in Ethiopic prayer.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ጋሜል፡ ፈለሰት፡ ይሁዳ","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'camel of Judah fled' is obscure; 'camel' (ጋሜል) may be a transliteration of Hebrew 'gamal' (camel) or a symbolic reference, possibly to a tribe or exile motif.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"አነ፡ ውእቱ፡ ዘሀሎ፡ ወይሄሌ","severity":"info","text":"The declaration 'I am he who is and will be' echoes Exodus 3:14 (God's self-revelation to Moses), a common theophanic formula in Ethiopic liturgy.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"እስከ፡ በጽሐ፡ ደወለ፡ ክነፊከ","severity":"caution","text":"The final clause 'until the wing of your shoulder arrived' is syntactically unclear; 'wing' (ክነፊ) may be a scribal error or a metaphor for divine protection, but the sense is uncertain.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The transition between the two excerpts is abrupt; the first excerpt mixes prophetic speech with alphabetic acrostic, and the second excerpt shifts to a different source (Torah). The identity of the speaker in the acrostic section is unclear.","The phrase 'camel of Judah fled' (ጋሜል፡ ፈለሰት፡ ይሁዳ) may be a corruption or a rare allusion; its exact meaning is uncertain."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":27,"ref":"p27","source":"ኢታምልክ፡ አማልክተ፡ ወኢምንትኒ፡ ዘእንበሌየ፡ ወገብረ፡ ምሕረተ፡ ላዕለ፡ ፲፻ እስከ፡ ፼ ትውልድ፡ ሰዱሰ፡ መዋእል፡ ተገብረ፡ ኵሎ፡ ግብረከ፡ ወበሳብዕት፡ ዕለት፡ ሰንበት፡ ፅረፍት፡ ለእግዚአብሔር፡ ኢትግበር፡ ባቲ፡ ወኢምንተኒ፡ ግብረ፡ ወዘታሕተ፡ እግሩ፡ ከመ፡ ግብረተ፡ ግንፋል፡ ዘሰንፔር፡ ወይፀውሩ፡ ደመና፡ ወወረደ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ በዓምደ፡ ደመና፡ በደብረ፡ ሲና፡ አርአያ፡ ሱራሑ፡ ነደ፡ እሳት፡ ፵መዓልተ፡ ወ፵ሌሊተ፡ ይኩን፡ ትሩበ፡ እንዘ፡ ይረብቡ፡ ክነፊሆሙ፡ ክንፈ፡ እሳት። ወሰዓለ፡ ሙሴ፡ ቅድመ፡ አምላኩ፡ ወይቤ፡ እክለኒ፡ ኢበላዕኩ፡ ወማየኒ፡ ኢስተይኩ፡ ግብሩ፡ ለእግዚአብሔር፡ እስመ፡ መድምም፡ ውእቱ፡ ቤዛ፡ ነፍሱ፡ ቤዛ፡ ዋሪቱ፡ በዓሉ፡ ቤዛ፡ ኢኮነ፡ ቤዛ፡ ፀረላዊ፡ በራእየ፡ ሎዛ፡ አማን፡ ወስምከኒ፡ እግዚእ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ መሐሪ፡ ወመስተሣህል፡ መሐሮ፡ ለዘመሐርክዎ፡ ሣህሎ፡ ለዘተሣሃልክዎ።\n\nExcerpt from .","english":"We worship the gods, and there is nothing that is not from me. And he performed mercy upon 1000 up to 10000 generations. For six days all your works were done, and on the seventh day, the Sabbath, you rested for the Lord. Do not work on it, and do nothing under his feet, like the work of the fan of Senfer. And the clouds turned, and the Lord descended on a pillar of cloud on Mount Sinai, showing his form. Fire blazed for forty days and forty nights, and it will be abundant, while their wings, the wings of fire, grew. And Moses prayed before his God and said, \"I have eaten nothing, and I have drunk nothing.\" The work of the Lord is sweet, for he is the ransom of his soul, the ransom of his heir, the ransom of his master, the ransom of the enemy. In the vision of the ransom, truly, hear me, Lord God, merciful and forgiving. Have mercy on the one on whom you have had mercy, forgive the one whom you have forgiven.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"sense","kind":"sense","basis":"text","lemma":"ኢታምልክ፡ አማልክተ፡","severity":"info","text":"The opening phrase 'We worship the gods' is jarring in a monotheistic prayer; it may reflect a scribal error or a deliberate archaism, as the Geʿez tradition is firmly Christian.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ሰዱሰ፡ መዋእል፡","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'six days' echoes the creation week; the following 'seventh day, the Sabbath' aligns with the biblical command to rest, but the Geʿez text adds a prohibition against work 'under his feet', a unique elaboration.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ደብረ፡ ሲና፡","severity":"info","text":"The descent of the Lord on Mount Sinai in a pillar of cloud directly references Exodus 19:16-20, where God appears to Moses; the mention of 'forty days and forty nights' of fire conflates Sinai theophany with Elijah's journey (1 Kings 19:8).","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ሰንፔር፡","severity":"info","text":"'Senfer' likely refers to a proper name or a type of fan; the phrase 'work of the fan of Senfer' is obscure, possibly a lost cultural reference to a tool or a person associated with forbidden labor on the Sabbath.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The passage shifts abruptly from a creation/Sabbath command to a Sinai theophany, then to Moses' prayer and a ransom theology; this disjointed sequence suggests a composite text or a liturgical compilation.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ኢታምልክ፡ አማልክተ፡","severity":"caution","text":"The plural 'gods' (አማልክተ) is anomalous in a Christian prayer; it may be a scribal error for 'God' (አምላክ) or a remnant of an earlier polytheistic source, but the surrounding context is monotheistic.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of 'Senfer' is unclear; the phrase 'ransom of the enemy' (ቤዛ፡ ፀረላዊ) is ambiguous, possibly meaning 'ransom from the enemy' or 'ransom for the enemy'; the shift from second-person to third-person address in the prayer is confusing."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":28,"ref":"p28","source":"ይትባረክ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ አምላከ፡ እስራኤል፡ ለኵሉ፡ መንፈስ፡ ወለኵሉ፡ ዘሥጋ፡ ኦሪት፡ ዘዳግም፡ ዝንቱ፡ ውእቱ፡ ነገር፡ ዘተናገሮ፡ ለሙሴ፡ ወይእዜኒ፡ እስራኤል፡ ስምዑ፡ ኵነኔሁ፡ ናሁ፡ ሰምዓ፡ ለክሙ፡ ሰማይ፡ ወምድር፡ ወእምዝ፡ ተኃሥሥዎ፡ ለእግዚአብሔር፡ በህየ፡ እስመ፡ አምላክ፡ መሐሪ፡ ውእቱ፡ ኢየኃድገከ፡ ወኢያጠፍአከ፡ ኢይረስዕ፡ ኪዳኖሙ፡ ለአበዊከ፡ ለአበዊከኒ፡ ዝንቱ፡ ነገር፡ አልቦ፡ ባዕድ፡ አምላክ፡ ዘእንበሌሁ፡ እምሰማይ፡ አስምዓ፡ ቃሎ፡ ወዓቀመ፡ ኪዳኖ፡ ምስሌክሙ፡ በኮሬብ፡ እስመ፡ አነ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ አምላክ፡ ቀናዒ፡ አርአየኒ፡ ስብሐቲሁ፡ ስምዕ፡ እስራኤል፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ አምላክከ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ ፩ውእቱ፡ አፍቅሮ፡ በኵሉ፡ ልብከ፡ ወበኵሉ፡ ህሊናከ፡ እምድኅረ፡ በላዕከ፡ ወጸገብከ፡ ሎቱ፡ ለባሕቲቱ፡ አምልኮ፡ አምልክዎ፡ ለእግዚአብሔር፡ ተለውክዎ፡ ለእግዚአብሔር፡ ስማዕ፡ እስራኤል፡ ናሁ፡ ተዓድዎ፡ ለዮርዳኖስ፡ ሐመምከ፡ ወርኅብከ፡ ወእምዝ፡ መና፡ ሴሰይከ፡ ወይእዜኒ፡ ምንተ፡ ፈቀድከ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ አላ፡ በኵሉ፡ ቃል፡ እንተ፡ ትወፅዕ፡ እምአፉሁ፡ የሐሰብእ፡ ዮጊ፡ ተዓብዩ፡ ልበክሙ፡ ዑቅ፡ ርእሰከ፡ ጥቀ፡ ወዕቀብ፡ ነፍሰከ፡ ጥቀ፡ እሉሰ፡ ሕዝብከ፡ ወእሙንቱሰ፡ አርእስቲከ፡ እግዚኦ፡ ወተመርግሁ፡ መሬት፡ ፀዓዳ፡ ስም፡ ክቡር፡ ወስቡሕ፡ ለእግዚአብሔር፡ ከመ፡ ታእምሩ፡ ከመ፡ አነ፡ ውእቱ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ ከመ፡ ትስምዑ፡ ለእግዚአብሔር፡ ኪዳኖ፡ ይኩን፡ እምኔክሙ፡ ሥርው፡ ለእኪት፡ እንተ፡ ትበቍል፡ ወትፈሪ፡ ኅምዝ፡ መሬት፡ ቀርበት፡ ይእቲ፡ ለከ፡ ጥቀ፡ ቃል፡ ውስተ፡ አፉከኒ፡ ወውስተ፡ ልብከኒ፡ ወውስተ፡","english":"Blessed is the Lord, the God of Israel, for every spirit and for every flesh. The Law and the Deuteronomy, this is the word that he spoke to Moses. And now, Israel, hear his judgment. Behold, the heaven and the earth have heard for you, and then beseech the Lord here, for the God is merciful. He will not abandon you, nor will he destroy you, nor will he forget the covenant of your fathers. For your fathers, this word is not from another God besides him. From heaven he made his voice heard and established his covenant with you at Horeb, for I am the Lord, a jealous God. He showed me his glory. Hear, O Israel: the Lord your God, the Lord is one. Love him with all your heart and with all your mind. After you have eaten and drunk, worship him alone. Worship the Lord, serve the Lord. Hear, O Israel: behold, you have crossed the Jordan. You have become hot and hungry, and then manna sustained you. And now, what have you desired, O Lord? Is it not that in every word that comes from his mouth, he is truthful? Yogi, be amazed in your heart. Bow your head firmly, and guard your soul firmly. Your people are perverse, and your leaders are faithful. O Lord, the earth has become white with a glorious and honored name for the Lord, that you may know that I am the Lord. That you may hear the Lord. Let the covenant be from you. Remove the evil that sprouts and bears fruit. The earth is near to you. The word is in your mouth and in your heart and in your","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"ይትባረክ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ አምላከ፡ እስራኤል፡","severity":"info","text":"The passage opens with a blessing formula, 'Blessed is the Lord, the God of Israel,' which echoes the Shema prayer and marks a liturgical transition from the preceding narrative.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ኦሪት፡ ዘዳግም፡","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'the Law and the Deuteronomy' explicitly references the Torah and the book of Deuteronomy, framing the following discourse as Mosaic revelation.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"እግዚአብሔር፡ ፩ውእቱ፡","severity":"info","text":"The declaration 'the Lord is one' (እግዚአብሔር ፩ውእቱ) is a direct echo of the Shema Yisrael (Deuteronomy 6:4), central to Jewish and Christian monotheistic confession.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"በኮሬብ፡","severity":"info","text":"The mention of Horeb (በኮሬብ) refers to the biblical site of the giving of the Law, reinforcing the Mosaic covenant context of the prayer.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ዮጊ፡","severity":"caution","text":"The name 'Yogi' (ዮጊ) is obscure; it may be a personal name or a title, possibly a corruption or a reference to a figure in Ethiopic tradition. Its exact identity is uncertain.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ኢየኃድገከ፡ ወኢያጠፍአከ፡","severity":"caution","text":"The negative verbs 'he will not abandon you, nor will he destroy you' may reflect a scribal or translation variant; the Geʿez text shows possible orthographic inconsistencies (e.g., ኢ for አይ).","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of 'Yogi' (ዮጊ) is unclear; it may be a proper name or a title, possibly a corruption or a reference to a figure in Ethiopic tradition.","The phrase 'the earth has become white' (መሬት፡ ፀዓዳ፡) is ambiguous; it may be a metaphor for purity or desolation, or a reference to a specific event."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":29,"ref":"p29","source":"እደዊከኒ፡ ከመ፡ ትገብራ፡ ለዛቲ፡ ምድር፡ ናሁ፡ ሤምኩ፡ ቅድመ፡ ገጽከ፡ ሕይወተ፡ ወሞተ፡ ነገራ፡ ለዛቲ፡ ማኅሌት፡ ስመከ፡ እግዚኦ፡ ጸዋዕኩ፡ መገቦሙ፡ ወመርሖሙ፡ ወዓቀቦሙ፡ ከመ፡ ብንተ፡ ዓይን፡ አይቴ፡ እሙንቱ፡ አማልክቲክሙ፡ አእምሩ፡ አእምሩ፡ ከመ፡ አነ፡ ውእቱ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ ይትፌሥሑ፡ ኵሎን፡ ሰማያት፡ ኅቡረ፡ ወሰምዓኒ፡ ለከ፡ ምስለ፡ ደመና፡ ወጠል።\n\nVerses extracted from . ይትባረክ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ አምላከ፡ እስራኤል፡ ለእዝራ፡ ካህን፡ አመ፡ ፴ዓመት፡ ወእምዝ፡ ውእቱ፡ ውስተ፡ ገዳም፡ ሀገርነ፡ ባቢሎን፡ አነ፡ ሱቱኤል፡ ዘተሠመይኩ፡ እዝራ፡ ወሀሎኩ፡ በድንጋፄ፡ አዘዝካሁ፡ ለመሬት፡ ወአውጽኦ፡ ለአዳም፡ በሥጋ፡ መዊት፡ ጠፍአት፡ ሠናይት፡ ወተርፈት፡ ወኀለፈ፡ መዋዕል፡ ወተፈጸመታት፡ ወገደፍከ፡ ሕዝበከ፡ ወዓቀብከ፡ ጸላእተከ፡ ወኢነጸርከ፡ ወለእመኒ፡ እፎ፡ ደኀሪታ፡ ለዛቲ፡ ፍኖት፡ ዕፅኒ፡ ነዲድ፡ ኢይጠፍዕ፡ ወማይኒ፡ ፍሉሕ፡ ይጠፍዕ፡ ሰብእሰ፡ ነዲድ፡ ዘኢየሐልቅ፡ አማን፡ መንክር፡ ኵሉ፡ ግብርከ፡ ዓለም፡ ኀላፊ፡ ተቀነይነ፡ ወትረ፡ ነባሪ፡ ገደፍነ፡ አፍቀርነ፡ ምተነ፡ ጸላእነ፡ ሕይወተነ፡ አፍቀርካሁ፡ መልሕቅተ፡ ዓለም፡ ባሕቲቱ፡ ወረከባሁ፡ መልህቅተ፡ ዓለም፡ ባሕቲቱ፡ ዘኢይትመጥዕ፡ መንበርከ፡ ወዘኢየሐልቅ፡ ስብሐቲከ፡ እምነ፡ የማነ፡ እሰት፡ ወእምፀጋማ፡ ቀላይ።","english":"I have placed my hand upon you, that you may work this earth. Behold, I have set before your face life and death, the matter of this song. I have called upon your name, O Lord; I have summoned their leaders and their guides and their guardians, that they may be as the pupil of the eye. Where are your gods? Know, know that I am the Lord God. Let all the heavens rejoice together, and hear me for you, with cloud and dew.\n\nVerses extracted from: Blessed is the Lord, the God of Israel, to Ezra the priest, in the thirtieth year. And then he was in the desert of our country, Babylon. I am Sutu'el, who was named Ezra, and I was at Dangafe. I commanded the earth and brought forth Adam in the flesh. Death, good and evil have passed, and the times have passed and been completed. And you have cast away your people and left your enemies, and you have not looked. And if now, after this path, the wood of the bramble is cut down, woe to the one who cuts it; and if the water of the canal is cut off, woe to the one who cuts it. The bramble that does not wither is a marvel. All your work, the world is transient; we have bowed down, the eternal dweller; we have cast away, we have loved our death, our enemy; we have loved your life. The queen of the world, alone, and she found the queen of the world, alone, that which cannot be measured, your throne, and that which does not wither, your praise, from the right, fire, and from the left, a spring.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"sense","kind":"sense","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The opening line 'I have placed my hand upon you' echoes a gesture of authority or blessing, possibly drawing on biblical commissioning scenes.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ሱቱኤል","severity":"info","text":"The name 'Sutu'el' is a variant or corruption of 'Sutuel' or 'Sutu'el', possibly a scribal error for 'Ezra' or a distinct figure; the text identifies him as 'who was named Ezra'.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"እዝራ፡ ካህን፡","severity":"info","text":"The reference to 'Ezra the priest' and the thirtieth year evokes the biblical figure Ezra, though the specific year and desert location (Babylon) are not directly from canonical Ezra-Nehemiah.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ድንጋፄ","severity":"info","text":"'Dangafe' is a place name not attested in standard biblical geography; it may refer to a location in Ethiopian tradition or a scribal invention.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The passage shifts from a first-person divine speech ('I have placed my hand') to a narrative about Ezra and Sutu'el, then returns to a hymnic address, indicating a composite structure.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ኢይጠፍዕ","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase 'woe to the one who cuts it' is repeated with 'bramble' and 'water of the canal', but the logical connection is unclear; the text may be corrupt or elliptical.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of 'Sutu'el' and his relation to Ezra is ambiguous; the text may conflate two figures.","The phrase 'queen of the world' appears twice with 'alone', but its referent (possibly a divine or allegorical figure) is not specified.","The transition from narrative to hymnic address is abrupt, suggesting possible lacunae or scribal rearrangement."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":30,"ref":"p30","source":"አሐቲ፡ ፍኖት፡ እንተ፡ ማዕከለ፡ እሳት፡ ወቀላይ፡ ጻድቅሰ፡ በምግባሩ፡ የሐዩ፡ ኃጥአንሰ፡ አይቴኑ፡ ጐዩ፡ ወኵሉ፡ ሰብእ፡ ዘመንፈስ፡ ወገብአ፡ ዓለም፡ ውስተ፡ ምግባሪሁ፡ ወትእዛዝ፡ መነኑ፡ ዘመነኑክሙ፡ ናሁ፡ ርእዩ፡ ቅድሜክሙ፡ እምለፌኒ፡ ትፍሥሕት፡ ወዕረፍት፡ ወእምለፌኒ፡ ደይን፡ ወእሳት፡ ዘእንበለ፡ ባሕቲቱ፡ መብረቀ፡ ስብሐቲሁ፡ ወኮነት፡ ኑኃ፡ አሐቲ፡ ዕለት፡ ከመ፡ ፯፻ዓመት፡ መኑ፡ ውእቱ፡ ዘተወልደ፡ ወየኀድግ፡ ሥርዓትየ፡ እስመ፡ በቈለ፡ ላዕሌነ፡ እኩይ፡ ወእመኒ፡ ግብሮ፡ ልዑል፡ ፩ዓለመ፡ አላ፡ ወ፪ዓለም፡ እግዚእ፡ ግብሮ፡ ልዑል፡ እምድር፡ ውስተ፡ መሬትከ፡ ዘከማከ፡ ፍጥረት፡ ላዕሌሁ፡ ዘመድ፡ እጓለእመሕያወ። ይትፌሥሑ፡ አራዊተ፡ ገዳም፡ ወበከዩ፡ ኵሎሙ፡ ለትውልድ፡ ወተኃሥዩ፡ ምርሐየ፡ እምስሳ፡ ምንት፡ በቍዓነ፡ ዘነሐዩ፡ ሕይወተ፡ ኵልነ፡ እለ፡ ተወለድነ፡ ተሰጠምነ፡ በኃጢአት፡ ወተመልአነ፡ አበሳ፡ ክቡድ፡ አቡሁ፡ አዳም፡ ቀዳማዊ፡ ምንት፡ ግብር፡ ይኄይስ፡ ባሕቱ፡ ሶበ፡ ይትፈጠር። እስመ፡ እሙንቱ፡ ይኄይስ፡ እምኔነ፡ ፈድፋደ፡ ሚመጠነ፡ ተዓገሠ፡ ልዑል፡ እምየ፡ ወለድክኒ፡ እምየ፡ ወምንተ፡ አኅዘንክኒ፡ እሳት፡ በላዒ፡ ሀሎ፡ ለምንት፡ ፈጠርካሁ፡ ወለምንት፡ ታስተማስሎ፡ አልቦ፡ ዘኢይክል፡ መሐሮ፡ ለዘይትመዋዕ፡ በደይን፡ ይእቲ፡ አእምር፡ ሕማማቶ፡ ለዘሞተ፡ ዕለተ፡ ደይን፡ ኢይክሉኑ፡ ጻድቃን፡ ይጸላእ፡ ለኃጥአን፡ ኀበ፡ ልዑል።","english":"One path, which is in the midst of fire and judgment; the righteous one, by his deed, lives; the sinners, where have they gone? And every man of spirit and the interior of the world, within his deed and command; who is it that has appointed you? Behold, see before you from my presence joy and rest, and from my presence judgment and fire, without his sole lightning of his praise; and it was a single day like seven hundred years. Who is he that was born and will abandon my ordinance? For evil has risen against us; and if he has done a high deed for one world, no; and for two worlds, O Lord, he has done a high deed from earth into your land, a creation like you, upon him who is of the earth. The wild beasts of the desert rejoice, and they have wept for all generations; and they have hidden my guidance from the moth. What is it that, by our cry, we have lived the life of all of us, we who were born and were baptized in sin, and were filled with heavy transgression? His father, Adam the first, what deed is good? Only when he is created, for they are good, from us, each one, as much as he has been restrained. The high one from me, and I have borne you from me, and why have I saddened you? Fire is consuming; it exists. Why did you create him, and why do you cause him to forget? There is none who can have mercy on him who is afflicted in judgment. That one, I know his sufferings; for him who died on the day of judgment, can the righteous hate the sinners before the high one?","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"sense","kind":"sense","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The opening phrase 'one path in the midst of fire and judgment' likely refers to a narrow way of righteousness amid eschatological punishment, echoing themes of moral choice.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ጻድቅሰ","severity":"info","text":"The term 'ጻድቅሰ' (ṣadqəsa) is a Geʿez form of 'righteous one,' derived from the root for justice, often used in liturgical contexts to denote the blessed.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"፯፻ዓመት","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'a single day like seven hundred years' may allude to apocalyptic time compression, reminiscent of Daniel 9 or Enochic literature, though no direct citation is given.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The reference to 'Adam the first' and 'born and baptized in sin' reflects a Christian anthropological view of original sin, common in Ethiopic homiletic and liturgical texts.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage shifts from a declarative narrative to rhetorical questions ('Why did you create him?'), intensifying the dramatic tone of the prayer.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase 'they have hidden my guidance from the moth' is obscure; 'moth' may be a corruption or metaphor for decay, and the sense is uncertain.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of the speaker (divine or prophetic) is ambiguous; the text alternates between first-person divine claims and human lament.","The phrase 'hidden my guidance from the moth' is unclear; 'moth' may be a textual error or a rare metaphor."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":31,"ref":"p31","source":"ወይእዜኒ፡ ከመ፡ ተሣሃሎ፡ ለአብርሃም፡ ቀዲሙ፡ በእንተ፡ ምግባሩ፡ እስመ፡ በብዙኅ፡ ፃማ፡ ተጋደሉ፡ ከመ፡ ይማዕዎ፡ ለእኩይ፡ ህሊና፡ ዘዲቤሁ፡ ወትቀድም፡ ስግዱ፡ ለስብሐት፡ ልዑል፡ ወመኑሂ፡ ወኢላዕለ፡ መኑሂ፡ ዘያገብአ፡ ክበደ፡ ዚአሁ፡ ላዕለ፡ ቢጹ፡ እስመ፡ ኵሉ፡ ጽድቁ፡ ይሠውር፡ በምግባሩ፡ አስተርኢ፡ ጽድቅ፡ እንተ፡ ንብረታ፡ መጠነ፡ ዝንቱ፡ እንበለ፡ ፍሬ፡ በመዋዕሊሁ፡ ምንት፡ ሀሎ፡ ለነ፡ እምድኅረ፡ ሞትነ፡ ወዘሰ፡ ነገረ፡ ሞት፡ እምከመ፡ ወጽአ፡ ቃለ፡ ትእዛዝ፡ አዳም፡ ትውልድ፡ ፍሬ፡ ኃጢአት፡ አዳም፡ ተምሕሩ፡ ለዘአበሰ፡ አብኒ፡ ውሉዶሙ፡ ውሉድኒ፡ አበዊሆሙ፡ አዝማድኒ፡ አዝማዲሆሙ፡ ዓርክኒ፡ አዕርክቲሆሙ፡ በከመ፡ ይእዜ፡ ይፌንው፡ አበው፡ ለውሉድ፡ ወህየንቴሆሙ፡ ወንሕነሰ፡ ገበዋቲሁ፡ ግብርነ፡ ወንሕነሰ፡ ወዘነገሩነ፡ ተስፋ፡ ሠናይ፡ ኀድገነ፡ አዳም፡ ምንተ፡ ገብርነ፡\n\nCollection of various verses.","english":"And now, as it was revealed to Abraham beforehand, because of his deed, for with much fasting he struggled, so that he might overcome the evil mind that was upon him, and first bow down to the exalted glory. And who is there, and above whom is there, who can bear his own burden upon the edge? For all his righteousness is hidden in his deed. Reveal the righteousness, whose measure of dwelling is this, without fruit in its seasons. What is there for us after our death? And as for the matter of death, from the time the word of command went forth from Adam, the generation, the fruit of the sin of Adam, they were taught to him who sinned. Our fathers, their children, our children, their fathers, our relatives, their relatives, our friends, their friends, as now the fathers send to the children and their gifts. And we, his servants, our deed, and we, the good hope that they told us, we have abandoned. Adam, what have we done?","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"አብርሃም","severity":"info","text":"Abraham is invoked as a model of ascetic struggle (fasting) to overcome evil thought, a common trope in Ethiopic hagiography and prayer.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"አስተርኢ","severity":"info","text":"The verb 'reveal' (imperative) echoes the title of the prayer (ጸሎተ አስተርኢ, 'Prayer of Revelation'), linking the passage to the work's theme of divine disclosure.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"አዳም","severity":"info","text":"Adam is referenced as the origin of sin and death, echoing Genesis 3 and later Ethiopic traditions of Adam's fall and its consequences for humanity.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The passage shifts from a narrative about Abraham to a rhetorical series of questions and laments about human sin and divine judgment, typical of penitential prayers.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"በመዋዕሊሁ","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase 'without fruit in its seasons' is ambiguous: it may refer to the righteousness lacking visible reward, or to a barrenness of spiritual merit. The Geʿez allows both readings.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of 'the edge' (ቢጹ) is unclear; it may refer to a sword, a boundary, or a point of judgment.","The phrase 'they were taught to him who sinned' is syntactically ambiguous; it may mean the generation was taught by Adam, or that they were taught about the sinner."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":32,"ref":"p32","source":"ወይቤሎሙ፡ ሙሴ፡ ለሕዝብ፡ ኀረዩ፡ ለክሙ፡ ሕይወተ፡ ወኵሉ፡ ዘይፀውዕ፡ ስመ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ ይድኅን፡ በጽድቅ፡ ንጉሥ፡ መልአክ፡ ሚካኤል፡ ዓይኑ፡ ዘርግብ፡ ልብሱ፡ ዘመብረቅ፡ አማን፡ ስቡሕ፡ ዘተሰብሐ፡ እፎ፡ ሠናይ፡ አብያቲከ፡ ያዕቆብ፡ እፎ፡ ሠናይ፡ ተዓይኒከ፡ እስራኤል፡ ናሁ፡ ሠረፀት፡ በትሩ፡ ለአሮን፡ እንተ፡ ሌዊ፡ ወአውፅአት፡ ቈጽለ፡ ወጼገየት፡ ጽጌ፡ ወፈረየ፡ ከርከዓ፡ ለአሮን፡ አንብር፡ በትሮ፡ ለአሮን፡ እንተ፡ ተሐይው፡ ኵሉ፡ ዘነፍስ፡ ወለከ፡ ይሰግዱ፡ ኵሉ፡ መላእክተ፡ ሰማይ፡ ቅዱሳን፡ ወገብሮ፡ ወሰዓለ፡ ሙሴ፡ ቅድመ፡ አምላኮሙ፡ ወይቤ፡ ተዘከር፡ ኪዳነከ፡ ዘምስለ፡ ይስሐቅ፡ ወምስለ፡ ያዕቆብ፡ እንተ፡ አኀዝከ፡ ተርእዮ፡ ግነይ፡\n\nCollection of various verses. ለአምላከ፡ ሙሴ፡ ወትረ፡ ስቡሕ፡ ሃሌሉያ፡ በየማነ፡ እዴሁ፡ ወበምሕረቱ፡ ሃሌሉያ፡ ይበርክዎ፡ ዘፈነወ፡ መልአኮ፡ ለአግብርቲሁ፡ ያድኅን፡ ስምዑ፡ ዘንተ፡ ተፈሥሑ፡ ጻድቃን፡ አምላከ፡ አማልክት፡ ወይቤሎ፡ አስተርአየ፡ አስተርአይክዎሙ፡ ለሙሴ፡ ወተናገርክዎሙ፡ በኀበ፡ ዕፀ፡ ጳጦስ፡ አመ፡ ተቀንዩ፡ ለግብጽ፡ ለያዕቆብ፡ ወአውፃዕክዎ፡ ወወሰድክዎ፡ ውስተ፡ ደብረ፡ ሲና፡ ወእቤሎ፡ ሰላም፡ ወዳኅና፡ ወይቤለኒ፡ አሌፍ፡ አሌፍ፡ ፈጣሪ፡ ኵሉ፡ ፍጥረት፡ ስብሐት፡ ለእግዚአብሔር፡","english":"And Moses said to the people, \"Choose for yourselves life, and everyone who invokes the name of the Lord shall be saved by the righteousness of the king, the angel Michael, whose eye is wide, whose garment is of lightning, the faithful, the praised, who is glorified. How good are your houses, Jacob! How good are your eyes, Israel! Now the rod of Aaron, of the tribe of Levi, has blossomed, put forth leaves, flowered, and borne fruit. Place the rod of Aaron, which has come to life, for all that has breath, and to you all the angels of heaven, the holy ones, bow down.\" And Moses made haste and prayed before their god and said, \"Remember your covenant with Isaac and with Jacob, which you took when you revealed yourself, O Lord.\"\n\nCollection of various verses. To the god of Moses, ever praised, Hallelujah, at the right hand and in his mercy, Hallelujah, may he bless him who sent his angel to his servants. \"Hear this, rejoice, O righteous ones, god of gods.\" And he said, \"I revealed myself; I revealed myself to Moses and spoke to him by the burning bush when they were circumcised for Egypt, for Jacob, and I brought him out and led him into Mount Sinai, and I said to him, 'Peace and salvation,' and he said to me, 'Aleph, Aleph, creator of all creation, glory to the Lord.'","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"ወይቤሎሙ፡ ሙሴ፡ ለሕዝብ፡","severity":"info","text":"The passage begins with Moses addressing the people, a narrative frame that shifts abruptly into a series of scriptural allusions and doxological formulas.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ናሁ፡ ሠረፀት፡ በትሩ፡ ለአሮን፡","severity":"info","text":"The blossoming of Aaron’s rod echoes Numbers 17:8, where Aaron’s rod buds as a sign of priestly authority, here linked to the tribe of Levi.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"እንተ፡ ተሐይው፡ ኵሉ፡ ዘነፍስ፡","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'all that has breath' recalls the creation narrative (Genesis 2:7) and the universal homage to the divine, common in Ethiopic liturgical expansions.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"አሌፍ፡ አሌፍ፡ ፈጣሪ፡ ኵሉ፡ ፍጥረት፡","severity":"info","text":"The repetition 'Aleph, Aleph' invokes the first letter of the Geʿez alphabet, symbolizing the unity and primacy of God as creator, a common trope in Ethiopic hymnody.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"parallel","kind":"parallel","basis":"text","lemma":"ዘርግብ፡ ልብሱ፡ ዘመብረቅ፡","severity":"info","text":"The description of Michael with 'wide eye' and 'garment of lightning' parallels apocalyptic angelology in 1 Enoch and later Ethiopic hagiography.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"አመ፡ ተቀንዩ፡ ለግብጽ፡ ለያዕቆብ፡","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase 'when they were circumcised for Egypt, for Jacob' is syntactically obscure; it may conflate the Exodus circumcision of the Israelites with a later Jacob tradition, or reflect a textual corruption.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The reference to circumcision 'for Egypt, for Jacob' is unclear; it may be a conflation of Exodus and patriarchal traditions or a scribal error.","The shift from Moses’ speech to the 'Collection of various verses' is abrupt, leaving the liturgical function of the second half ambiguous."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":33,"ref":"p33","source":"Rejoicing of the righteous. ይትባረክ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ አምላከ፡ ፳ኤል፡ ወወደይከ፡ ትፍሥሕተ፡ ውስተ፡ ልብነ፡ ይትፌሣሕ፡ ወይትሐሠይ፡ ብከ፡ ይትፌሣሕ፡ ያዕቆብ፡ ወይትኃሠይ፡ እስራኤል፡ ወትፍሥሕት፡ ውስተ፡ የማንከ፡ ለዝሉፉ፡ እግዚኦ፡ በኃይልከ፡ ይትፌሣሕ፡ ንጉሥ፡ ወብዙኃ፡ ይትኃሠይ፡ በምሴት፡ ይደምፅ፡ ብካይ፡ ወበጽባሕ፡ ፍሥሐ። ተፈሥሑ፡ ጻድቃን፡ በእግዚአብሔር፡ እስመ፡ ቦቱ፡ ይትፌሣሕ፡ ልብነ፡ ይስምዑ፡ የዋሃን፡ ወይትፌሥሑ። ወየብሱ፡ ለእግዚአብሔር፡ በቃለ፡ ትፍሥሕት። ይትፌሥሐ፡ አድባረ፡ ጽዮን፡ ወይትፌሥሑ፡ አዕፅምተ፡ ጻድቃን፡ ወእትፌሣሕ፡ በጽባሕ፡ ምሕረትከ፡ ይወፅኡ፡ በጽባሕ፡ ወሰርከL ይትፌሥሑ፡ ወበህየ፡ ንትፌሣሕ፡ ኅቡረ። ጻድቃንሰ፡ ይትፌሥሑ፡ ንዑ፡ ንትፈሣሕ፡ በእግዚአብሔር፡ ይትፌሥሐ፡ ሰማያት፡ ወትትኃሠይ፡ ምድር፡ ሰምዓት፡ ወተፈሥሐት፡ ጽዮን። ተቀነዩ፡ ለእግዚአብሔር፡ በትፍሥሕት፡ ይትፌሣሕ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ በተግባሩ፡ ግበሩ፡ በዓለ፡ በትፍሥሕት። ወጻድቃኒከ፡ ትፍሥሕተ፡ ይትፌሥሑ። ኡትፌሣሕ፡ እስራኤል፡ በፈጣሪሁ፡ ወይሴብሑ፡ ለስሙ፡ በትፍሥሕት፡ ተአሚኖ፡ ይትፌሥሑ፡ ቤተ፡ መቅደስ፡ የሐንፃ፡ ለኢየሩሰሌም፡ አዕዋፈ፡ ሰማይ፡ ወዓሣተ፡ ባሕር።","english":"Rejoicing of the righteous. May the Lord God of Israel be blessed, and may your love place rejoicing in our heart. May he rejoice and be glad in you. May Jacob rejoice and Israel be glad, and may rejoicing be in your right hand for this one. O Lord, by your power may the king rejoice, and may the multitude be glad. In the evening weeping ceases, and in the morning rejoicing. The righteous have rejoiced in the Lord, for our heart rejoices in him. The meek hear and rejoice, and they clothe themselves for the Lord with the word of rejoicing. The mountains of Zion rejoice, and the bones of the righteous rejoice. And I rejoice in the morning of your mercy. They go forth in the morning and evening; they rejoice, and we rejoice together. For the righteous rejoice. Come, let us rejoice in the Lord. The heavens rejoice and the earth is glad. Zion has heard and rejoiced. Bow down to the Lord with rejoicing. The Lord rejoices in his work. Make a feast with rejoicing, and your righteous ones rejoice in rejoicing. Israel rejoices in its Creator, and they praise his name with rejoicing, having faith. The Temple of Jerusalem rejoices, the birds of the sky and the fish of the sea.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"ይትፌሣሕ፡ ... ይትኃሠይ፡","severity":"info","text":"The passage is built on a repetitive antiphonal pattern pairing the verbs 'rejoice' (ተፈሥሐ) and 'be glad' (ተሐሥየ), typical of liturgical acclamations.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ጻድቃን","severity":"info","text":"ጻድቃን (ṣādeqān) 'the righteous' is a standard Geʿez term for the blessed dead or saints, often in eschatological contexts.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ኢየሩሰሌም፡","severity":"info","text":"The mention of the Temple of Jerusalem (ቤተ፡ መቅደስ፡ የሐንፃ፡ ለኢየሩሰሌም፡) echoes Psalm 122:1 (LXX) and the eschatological hope of a restored temple.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"background","lemma":"ትፍሥሕት","severity":"info","text":"The repeated noun ትፍሥሕት (təfśəḥt) 'rejoicing' is a key term in Ethiopic liturgical poetry, often associated with the Feast of the Cross and the dedication of churches.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"parallel","kind":"parallel","basis":"text","lemma":"አዕዋፈ፡ ሰማይ፡ ወዓሣተ፡ ባሕር።","severity":"info","text":"The final pairing of birds of the sky and fish of the sea is a merism for all creation rejoicing, paralleling Psalm 96:11–12 (LXX) and similar cosmic doxologies.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ወሰርከL","severity":"caution","text":"The reading ወሰርከL is unclear; it may be a scribal error for ወሰርከ (wa-saraka) 'and in the evening' or a corrupt form. The English draft reads 'evening'.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase ወሰርከL is ambiguous: possibly a scribal error for 'evening' or a different term.","The identity of 'this one' (ዝሉፉ) in line 4 is unclear; it may refer to a specific person or be a generic demonstrative."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":34,"ref":"p34","source":"The sea. Verses from the and the concerning the exodus of the Israelites from Egypt. ይትባረክ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ አምላከ፡ እስራኤል፡ ወይእዜኒ፡ ነሐውር፡ ውስተ፡ ባሕር፡ ወውእቱ፡ በባሕር፡ ሣረራ፡ ዘያስተጋብኦ፡ ከመ፡ ዝቅ፡ ለማየ፡ ባሕር፡ ወእመኒ፡ ፈለሱ፡ ውስተ፡ ልበ፡ ባሕር፡ ወለእለሂ፡ ውስተ፡ ባሕር፡ ርኁቅ፡ ዘየሀውኮ፡ ለአንበሬ፡ ባሕር፡ ዘይሬስያ፡ ለባሕር፡ የብሰ። ወእትመየጥ፡ እንተ፡ ቀላየ፡ ባሕር፡ ወበጻሕኩ፡ ውስተ፡ ማዕምቀ፡ ማሕር፡ ወኵሉ፡ ዘውስቴታ፡ ወይኴንን፡ እምባሕር፡ እስከ፡ ባሕር። አንተ፡ አጽናዕካ፡ ለባሕር፡ ከመ፡ ዘያስተባሪ፡ የማኖ፡ ልዑል፡ ውስተ፡ ባሕር፡ ፍኖትከ፡ ወአሠርከኒ፡ ውስተ፡ ማይ፡ ብዙኅ፡ ሰጠቀ፡ ባሕረ፡ ወአኅለፎሙ፡ ወዓቀመ፡ ማየ፡ ከመ፡ ዝቅ፡ መርሖሙ፡ መዓልተ፡ በደመና። ወከመ፡ ኆፃ፡ ባሕር፡ አዕዋፍ፡ ዘይሰርር። ወደፈኖሙ፡ ባሕር፡ ለፀሮሙ፡ አንተ፡ ትኰንን፡ ኃይለ፡ ባሕር፡ ባሕረ፡ ወመስዓ፡ ዘአንተ፡ ፈጠርከ። ወእሠይም፡ ውስተ፡ ባሕር፡ እዴሁ፡ መንክር፡ ተላህያ፡ ለባሕር። እስመ፡ እንቲአሁ፡ ይእቲ፡ ባሕር፡ ወትትከወስ፡ ባሕር፡ በምልዓ። ዛቲ፡ ባሕር፡ ዓበይ፡ ወረኀብ፡ ወአምረሩከ፡ አመ፡ የዓርጉ፡ ውስተ፡ ባሕረ፡ ኤርትራ። ወግሩመ፡ በባሕረ፡ ኤርትራ። እምጽባሕ፡ ወእምዓረብ፡ ወመስዕ። እለ፡ ይወርዱ፡ ውስተ፡ ባሕር። ሃሌሉያ፡ አመ፡ ይወፅኡ፡ እስራኤል፡ እምግብጽ፡ ባሕርኒ፡ ርእየት፡ ወጐየት፡ ምንተ፡ ኮንኪ፡ ባሕር፡ ዘነፈቃ፡ ለባሕረ፡ ኤርትራ፡ ዘነጽሖ፡ ለፈርዖን።","english":"The sea. Verses from the and the concerning the exodus of the Israelites from Egypt. May the Lord God of Israel be blessed, and now let us be joyful in the sea, and he is in the sea, a meadow that gathers together like a reed for the water of the sea. And if they fled into the heart of the sea, and those who are in the distant sea, he who casts down for the beast of the sea, who moistens the sea, dries it up. And the one who struck the surface of the sea, and I arrived into the depth of the sea, and everything within it. And he judges from sea to sea. You have made the sea firm like one who makes the right hand high in the sea, your path, and you showed me in the water. Much seaweed covered the sea, and he caused them to pass through, and he stopped the water like a reed. Their guide by day in a cloud, and like the sand of the sea, birds that fly, and the sea covered them for their protection. You judge the power of the sea, the sea and the evening that you created. And I place my hand in the sea, a wonder, a garment for the sea, for from it is the sea, and the sea is covered in its fullness. This sea is great and wide, and they sweetened you when they ascended into the sea of Eritrea. And terrible in the sea of Eritrea, from east and west and evening. Those who descend into the sea. Hallelujah. When the Israelites came out of Egypt, the sea saw and groaned. What have you become, sea, that you left the sea of Eritrea, that you looked upon Pharaoh?","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The passage is marked as a narrative section, but its content is a dense, allusive meditation on the sea, blending exodus imagery with doxology.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ባሕረ፡ ኤርትራ","severity":"info","text":"The 'Sea of Eritrea' (ባሕረ፡ ኤርትራ) in Geʿez tradition refers to the Red Sea, the site of the Israelites' crossing from Egypt.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"እስራኤል፡ እምግብጽ","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'when the Israelites came out of Egypt' directly echoes Exodus 12:37, 14:1-31, the foundational narrative of the Red Sea crossing.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ሣረራ","severity":"info","text":"ሣረራ (śarrara) is a rare Geʿez term meaning 'meadow' or 'pasture', here applied metaphorically to the sea, possibly evoking a place of gathering or sustenance.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"caution","text":"The English draft contains several unclear or possibly corrupt phrases (e.g., 'Verses from the and the'), and the Geʿez text shows abrupt shifts in imagery, suggesting textual instability or scribal error.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"ሃሌሉያ","severity":"info","text":"The insertion of 'Hallelujah' (ሃሌሉያ) marks a liturgical acclamation, typical of Ethiopian prayer texts, reinforcing the doxological function of the passage.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase 'Verses from the and the' in the English draft is incomplete, likely a scribal or editorial lacuna.","The identity of 'the one who struck the surface of the sea' is ambiguous; it may refer to Moses or to God.","The relationship between the 'sea of Eritrea' and the generic 'sea' is not clearly distinguished in the text."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":35,"ref":"p35","source":"ውስተ፡ ባሕር፡ ወሰረርኩ፡ እስከ፡ ማኅለቅተ፡ ባሕር፡ ወኵሉ፡ ዘይትሐውስ፡ ውስቴታ። ንሴብሖ፡ ለእግዚአብሔር፡ አማን፡ ስቡሕ፡ ዘተሰብሐ፡ ፈረሰ፡ ወመስተፅዕነ፡ ወረወ፡ ውስተ፡ ባሕር፡ እስመ፡ ቦአ፡ ሰረገላቲሁ፡ ለፈርዖን፡ ወሰፈዊቶ፡ ውስተ፡ በሕር፡ ወተሰጥሙ፡ ውስተ፡ ባሕረ፡ ኤርትራ። ወረግዓ፡ ማዕበል፡ በማዕለከ፡ ባሕር፡ እስመ፡ አበስኩ፡ እምኊልቈ፡ ኆፃ፡ ባሕር፡ ወከመ፡ ኆፃ፡ ዘድንጋገ፡ ባሕር፡ አኬድከ፡ ውስተ፡ ባሕር፡ አፍራሲከ። ወኵሉ፡ ኃይሉ፡ ለፈርዖን፡ በከመ፡ መጽአ፡ ውስተ፡ ባሕር፡ አልቦ፡ ዘተርፈ።\n\nMy God, our God. አምላኪየ፡ አምላኪየ፡ ኢያድኅነኪ፡ አምላኪየ፡ አንተ፡ ተንሥእ፡ እግዚኦ፡ አምላኪየ፡ ወአድኅነኒ፡ ንጉሥየኒ፡ ወአምላኪየኒ። እስመ፡ ኢኮንከ፡ አምላከ፡ ዘዓመፃ፡ ያፈቅር፡ እግዚኦ፡ አምላኪየ፡ ብከ፡ ተወከልኩ፡ እግዚኦ፡ አምላኪየ፡ እመሰ፡ ከመዝ፡ ገበርኩ፡ ተንሥእ፡ እግዚኦ፡ በሥርዓት፡ ዘአዘዝከ፡ ፍታሕ፡ ሊተ፡ እግዚኦ፡ አምላኪየ፡ በከመ፡ ጽድቅከ፡ ተንሥእ፡ እግዚኦ፡ አምላኪየ፡ ወትትሌዓል፡ እዴከ። ነጽረኒ፡ ወስምዓኒ፡ እግዚኦ፡ ሃሌሉያ፡ አምላኪየ፡ ወረዳእየ፡ ወእትዌከል፡ ቦቱ። ወጸራኅኩ፡ ኀበ፡ አምላኪየ፡ ወኢአበስኩ፡ ለአምላኪየ፡ አምላኪየ፡ ያበርህ፡ ጽልመትየ፡ ወበአምላኪየ፡ ይትዓደዋ፡ ለዓረፍት፡ ለአምላኪየስ፡ ንጹሕ፡ ፍኖቱ፡ መኑ፡ ውእቱ፡ አምላክ፡ ዘእንበለ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ ወመኑ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ ዘእንበለ፡ አምላክነ፡ ሕያው፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ ወቡሩክ፡ አምላኪየ፡ ወተለዓለ፡ አምላከ፡ መድኀኒትየ፡ አምላኪየ፡ ያገብእ፡ በቀልየ፡ ወይቁም፡ ለከ፡ ስሙ፡ ለአምላከ፡ ያዕቆብ።","english":"In the sea, and I have sunk as far as the depth of the sea, and all that is moved within it. Let us praise the Lord God, Amen, glorious, who was glorified. The horse and the chariot fell and descended into the sea, for the chariots of Pharaoh entered, and his army was cast into the sea, and they were drowned in the Red Sea. And the wave returned in the midst of the sea, for I have perished beyond the number of the shores of the sea, and like the pebbles of the seashore, you have cast your horses into the sea. And all the force of Pharaoh, when he came into the sea, none remained.\n\nMy God, my God. O my God, save me. My God, arise, O Lord, my God, and save me, my king and my God. For you are not a God of transgression. He loves, O Lord, my God. In you I have trusted, O Lord, my God. If I have done thus, arise, O Lord, in the ordinance you commanded. Open for me, O Lord, my God, according to your righteousness. Arise, O Lord, my God, and lift up your hand. Look upon me and hear me, O Lord, Hallelujah, my God and my friend, and I will trust in him. And I have cried out to my God, and I have not perished for my God. My God, my God, will lighten my darkness, and by my God the rest will be prolonged. For my God, his path is pure. Who is the God besides the Lord? And who is the Lord besides our living God? The Lord is blessed, my God, and exalted is the God of my salvation. My God will bring me into my old age, and his name will stand for the God of Jacob.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The passage divides into two sections: a narrative of Pharaoh's army drowning in the Red Sea, followed by a personal supplication invoking 'My God' and the God of Jacob.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ባሕረ፡ ኤርትራ","severity":"info","text":"The 'Red Sea' (ባሕረ፡ ኤርትራ) directly echoes the Exodus narrative (Exodus 14), where Pharaoh's chariots are drowned.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"አምላኪየ","severity":"info","text":"አምላኪየ ('my God') is a repeated personal address, distinct from the more formal እግዚአብሔር ('Lord'), emphasizing intimate supplication.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'God of Jacob' (አምላከ፡ ያዕቆብ) invokes the patriarchal tradition, linking the prayer to Israel's covenant identity.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"parallel","kind":"parallel","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The cry 'My God, my God' and the plea for salvation parallel Psalm 22 (LXX 21) and other biblical psalms of personal distress.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase 'I have perished beyond the number of the shores' is ambiguous; it may be a hyperbolic lament or a textual corruption from the Coptic Vorlage.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase 'I have perished beyond the number of the shores' may be a textual corruption or a hyperbolic expression; the intended sense is uncertain.","The transition from the Exodus narrative to personal supplication is abrupt, possibly reflecting a liturgical juxtaposition rather than a continuous composition."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":36,"ref":"p36","source":"ወነዓቢ፡ በስመ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ አምላክነ፡ አምላኪየ፡ አምላኪየ፡ ነጽረኒ፡ ወለምንት፡ ኀደገኒ። አምላኪየ፡ ጸራሕኩ፡ ኀቤከ። እምከርሠ፡ እምየ፡ አንተ፡ አምላኪየ። ወሣህሉኒ፡ እምኀበ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ አምላኩ፡ ወተኃሥሥ፡ ገጾ፡ ለአምላከ፡ ያዕቆብ። እግዚአብሔር፡ አምላከ፡ ኃያላን፡ አንቃዕዶኩ፡ ነፍስየ፡ ኀበ፡ አምላኪየ፡ ወምሕረኒ፡ እስመ፡ አንተ፡ አምላኪየ፡ ወመድኀንየ፡ ኀቤከ፡ እግዚኦ፡ ጸራሕኩ፡ ኀቤከ፡ አምላኪየ፡ ኢትጸመመኒ፡ አምላከ፡ ስብሐት፡ አንጐድጐደ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ አምላኪየ፡ ጸራሕኩ፡ ኀቤከ፡ ወተሣሃልከኒ፡ ኀቤከ፡ ኀበ፡ አምላኪየ፡ ሣህልከ፡ እግዚኦ፡ አምላኪየ፡ እገኒ፡ ለከ፡ ለዓለም፡ ኩነኒ፡ አምላኪየ፡ ወመድኀንየ፡ ቤዝወኒ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ አምላከ፡ ጽድቅ፡ ወእቤለከ፡ አምላኪየ፡ አንተ፡ ብፁዕ፡ ሕዝብ፡ ዘእግዚአብሔር፡ አምላኩ፡ አምላኪየ፡ ወእግዚእየ፡ ውስተ፡ ቅድትየ፡ ፍታሕ፡ ሊተ፡ እግዚኦ፡ አምላኪየ፡ በከመ፡ ጽድቅከ፡ ወሕገ፡ አምላኩ፡ ውስተ፡ ልቡ፡ አንተ፡ ስምዓኒ፡ እግዚኦ፡ አምላኪየ፡ መንክረከ፡ ከመ፡ እንግር፡ ፈቃድከ፡ መከርኩ፡ አምላኪየ፡ ረዳእየ፡ ወመድኅንየ፡ አንተ፡ አምላኪየ። ጸምዓት፡ ነፍስየ፡ ኀበ፡ አምላኪየ፡ ሕያው፡ ማዕዜ፡ እበጽሕ፡ ወእሬኢ፡ ገጾ፡ ለአምላኪየ፡ እስመ፡ ይብሉኒ፡ ኵሎ፡ አሚረ፡ አይቴ፡ ውእቱ፡ አምላክከ። እብሎ፡ ለእግዚአብሔር፡ አምላኪየ፡ አንተ።","english":"And I cried out, \"In the name of the Lord God, my God, my God, my God, look upon me, and why have you abandoned me? My God, I have cried out to you from the womb of my mother. You are my God, and have mercy on me from the Lord God, his God, and the face of the God of Jacob seeks. Lord God, God of the mighty, I have bowed down my soul to my God, and have mercy on me, for you are my God and my savior. To you, O Lord, I have cried out to you, my God. My God of praise has finished me. The Lord God, my God, has shattered. I have cried out to you, and you have had mercy on me. To you, to my God, you have had mercy. O Lord, my God, I will praise you forever. Be for me, my God and my savior. Save me, Lord God of righteousness, and I will say to you, my God, you are blessed. The people of the Lord God, his God, my God and my Lord, within my belly, open for me. O Lord, my God, according to your righteousness and the law of his God within his heart, you have heard me. O Lord, my God, your miracle, as I declare your will, I have considered. My God, my helper and my savior, you are my God. The thirst of my soul for my God, the living water, I will reach and see the face of my God, for they all say to me, \"Where is your God?\" I will say to the Lord God, my God, you.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"sense","kind":"sense","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The speaker repeatedly cries out to God, asking why he has been abandoned and pleading for mercy, echoing a personal lament.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ነዓብኩ","severity":"info","text":"The Geʿez verb ነዓብኩ (naʿabku) means 'I cried out' or 'I shouted,' often in a liturgical or supplicatory context.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"እምከርሠ እምየ","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'from the womb of my mother' echoes biblical language of birth and origin, e.g., Psalm 22:9 (LXX 21:9) or Job 1:21, though not a direct quote.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The repeated invocation 'my God, my God' and the plea for mercy reflect the penitential and supplicatory style of Ethiopic prayers, often used in personal devotion.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage is a narrative unit within the prayer, continuing the speaker's lament and cry for divine intervention, marked by repeated invocations and pleas.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"caution","text":"The English draft contains several unclear or possibly corrupt phrases (e.g., 'My God of praise has finished me'), which may reflect textual transmission issues or translation difficulties.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase 'My God of praise has finished me' is ambiguous; it may be a corruption or a literal rendering of a Geʿez idiom.","The identity of the speaker and the specific occasion of the prayer are not specified in the passage."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[{"kind":"scripture","severity":"info","ref":"John 4:10","text":"The English carries the scriptural phrase “living water”, which matches John 4:10. The match is on the English draft; check the Coptic before quoting the verse."}]},{"i":37,"ref":"p37","source":"መድኀኔ፡ ገጽየ፡ አምላኪየ፡ እስመ፡ አንተ፡ አምላኪየ፡ ወኃይልየ፡ ኀበ፡ አምላኪየ፡ ዘአሥተፍሥሐ፡ ለውርዙትየ፡ እገኒ፡ ለከ፡ አምላኪየ፡ ወኢትወፅዕ፡ አምላከነ፡ ምስለ፡ ኃይልነ፡ ሶበሁ፡ ረሰዕነ፡ ስሞ፡ ለአምላክነ፡ ወሶበሁ፡ አንሣእነ፡ ምስለ፡ ኃይልነ፡ ሶበሁ፡ ረሰዕነ፡ ስሞ፡ ለአምላክነ፡ ወሶበሁ፡ አንሣእነ፡ እደዊነ፡ ኀበ፡ አምላክነ፡ ነኪር። በእንተዝ፡ ቀብዓከ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ አምላክከ፡ አምላክነሰ፡ ኃይልነ፡ ወፀወንነ፡ ወምስካይነ፡ አምላኩ፡ ለያዕቆብ፡ ዘምሩ፡ ለአምላክነ፡ ዘምሩ፡ መላእክተ፡ አሕዛብ፡ ተጋብኡ፡ ምስለ፡ አምላከ፡ አብርሃም። በሀገረ፡ አምላክነ፡ በደብረ፡ መቅደሱ። ሃሌሉያ፡ እግዚአ፡ ኃይላን፡ በሀገረ፡ አምላክነ፡ ከመ፡ ዝንቱ፡ ውእቱ፡ አምላክነ፡ አምላከ፡ አማልክት፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ ወአምላክነሂ፡ ኢያረምም፡ አምላክነሰ፡ አምላክ፡ አነ። ውእቱ፡ አድኅነኒ፡ እምደም፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ አምላከ፡ መድኀኒትየ፡ አንሰ፡ ጸራሕኩ፡ ኀበ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ አምላኪየ፡ ስምዓኒ፡ አምላኪየ፡ እነግረከ፡ ሕይወትየ፡ ናሁ፡ አእመርኩ፡ ከመ፡ አምላኪየ፡ አንተ፡ እግዚኦ፡ አምላከ፡ ኃያላን፡ ንጉሠ፡ እስራኤል።","english":"My salvation, my face, my God, for you are my God and my strength. To my God, who has made my poverty flourish, I beseech you, my God, and do not depart, our God, with our strength when we have accepted the name of our God, and when we have lifted up our hands to our God. Strange! Because of your burial, O Lord God, your God. Our God is our strength, our weapon, and our refuge. The God of Jacob, sing to our God. Sing, angels of the peoples, gather with the God of Abraham. In the city of our God, on the mountain of his sanctuary, Hallelujah, Lord of powers. In the city of our God, for this is our God, the God of gods, the Lord God, and our God, I will not be silent. Our God is God. I am he who saves me from blood. O Lord God, God of my salvation, I have cried out to the Lord my God. Hear me, my God. I will tell you my life. Now I know that you, my God, are the Lord, God of powers, King of Israel.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage continues the narrative section of the prayer, marked by the Coptic cue 'narrative' and the repeated invocation of God.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"መድኀኔ፡ ገጽየ፡","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'my salvation, my face' is a direct address to God, combining soteriological and anthropomorphic imagery.","cites":[{"key":"ed:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"source edition: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"አምላከ፡ አማልክት፡","severity":"info","text":"The title 'God of gods' echoes biblical language (e.g., Deuteronomy 10:17) and is common in Ethiopic liturgical texts.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ዘምሩ፡ መላእክተ፡ አሕዛብ፡","severity":"info","text":"The call for 'angels of the peoples' to sing reflects a tradition of angelic intercession for various nations, possibly linked to the Ethiopic Enochic literature.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"parallel","kind":"parallel","basis":"text","lemma":"ንጉሠ፡ እስራኤል።","severity":"info","text":"The closing title 'King of Israel' parallels similar acclamations in the Psalms (e.g., Psalm 47:7) and in other Ethiopic prayers.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ኢያረምም፡","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase 'I will not be silent' is ambiguous; it may be a scribal error or a deliberate expression of persistent prayer.","cites":[{"key":"ed:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"source edition: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase 'ኢያረምም፡' (I will not be silent) could be a corruption or a unique liturgical formula; the intended meaning is uncertain.","The repetition of 'ሶበሁ፡ ረሰዕነ፡ ስሞ፡ ለአምላክነ፡' may indicate a scribal dittography or a deliberate liturgical refrain."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":38,"ref":"p38","source":"ይብጽሐኒ፡ ሣህሉ፡ ለአምላኪየ፡ አምላኪየ፡ አርእየኒ፡ በጸላዕትየ፡ አጽድፎሙ፡ አምላኪየ፡ ወረዳእየ፡ ወያእምሩ፡ ከመ፡ አምላከ፡ ያዕቆብ፡ ረዳእየ፡ አንተ፡ ወለከ፡ እዜምር፡ ለአምላኪየ፡ እስመ፡ አምላኪየ፡ ወምስካይየ፡ አንተ፡ አምላኪየ፡ ውእቱ፡ ሣህልየ፡ ወኢትወፅዕ፡ አምላክነ፡ ምስለ፡ ኃይልነ፡ ስምዓኒ፡ አምላኪየ፡ ጸሎትየ፡ ሃሌሉያ፡ እስመ፡ ውእቱ፡ አምላኪየ፡ ወመድኀንየ፡ አምላኪየ፡ ወረድኤተ፡ ተስፋየ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ አምላኪየ፡ እገይስ፡ ኀቤከ፡ ስምዓነ፡ አምላክነ፡ ወመድኀኒነ፡ ባርክዎ፡ አሕዛብ፡ ለአምላከ፡ ሲና። ወእምቅድመ፡ ገጹ፡ ለአምላከ፡ እስራኤል። እግዚአብሔር፡ አምላክ፡ ቡሩክ፡ ርድአነ፡ አምላክነ፡ ወመድኀኒነ፡ ሃሌሉያ፡ አምላክነሰ፡ አምላከ፡ አድኅኖ፡ ፍናዊሁ፡ ለአምላክነ፡ ወለአምላክነ፡ በአንቅዕተ፡ እስራኤል፡ ወይዜምሩ፡ ለአምላክነ፡ አምላከ፡ እስራኤል፡ ያሁብ፡ ኃይለ፡ እንዘ፡ ይሴፎ፡ ለአምላክነ፡ እሴብሕ፡ ለስመ፡ አምላኪየ፡ በማኅሌት፡ ረዳእየ፡ ወመድኀንየ፡ አንተ፡ አምላኪየ፡ ኩነኒ፡ አምላኪየ፡ ወመድኀንየ፡ አምላኪየ፡ አድኅነኒ፡ እምእደ፡ ኃጥአን።","english":"May the mercy of my God reach me. My God, show me my enemies, and I will cast them down. My God, my helper, and they shall know that the God of Jacob is my helper. You, I will sing to you, my God, for my God and my refuge are you. My God is my mercy, and do not depart, our God, with our strength. Hear me, my God, my prayer. Hallelujah, for he is my God and my savior. My God, and the help of my hope. Lord God, my God, I beseech you, hear us, our God and our savior. Bless the peoples for the God of Sinai, and before the face of the God of Israel. Lord God, blessed God, help us, our God and our savior. Hallelujah. Our God is the God who saved his ways for our God, and for our God in the caves of Israel. And they shall sing to our God, the God of Israel, who gives strength, while he increases for our God. I will praise the name of my God in song. My helper and my savior are you, my God. Be my God and my savior. My God, save me from the hand of sinners.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"ይብጽሐኒ ሣህሉ ለአምላኪየ","severity":"info","text":"The passage opens with a petition for mercy, then shifts to a series of invocations and doxological formulas, including the repeated phrase 'my God and my savior' and the liturgical acclamation 'Hallelujah.' This pattern is typical of the narrative section of the prayer, which alternates between supplication and praise.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ሣህል","severity":"info","text":"The Geʿez term ሣህል (saḥl) is rendered 'mercy' in the English draft. In this context, it carries the sense of divine favor or clemency, a key concept in Ethiopic prayer literature.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"አምላከ ያዕቆብ","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'God of Jacob' echoes the Old Testament epithet for the God of Israel, found in Psalms and prophetic books. It reinforces the prayer's identification with the biblical patriarch and the covenant community.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"አምላከ ሲና","severity":"info","text":"The reference to 'God of Sinai' alludes to the theophany at Mount Sinai in Exodus, a foundational event in the Hebrew Bible. This epithet is rare in Ethiopic prayers and may reflect a liturgical tradition that emphasizes the giving of the Law.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"parallel","kind":"parallel","basis":"text","lemma":"በአንቅዕተ እስራኤል","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'in the caves of Israel' is unusual and may parallel the biblical motif of caves as places of refuge or divine encounter (e.g., Elijah at Mount Horeb). It could also be a corruption or a local tradition.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"አጽድፎሙ","severity":"caution","text":"The verb አጽድፎሙ ('I will cast them down') is ambiguous: it could be a first-person singular cohortative or a third-person plural form. The English draft takes it as first person, but the context of enemies may also allow a jussive sense.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of the speaker shifts between first-person singular and first-person plural, possibly indicating a communal or antiphonal setting.","The phrase 'in the caves of Israel' is obscure; it may be a textual corruption or a reference to a specific local tradition."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":39,"ref":"p39","source":"አንተ፡ አምላኪየ፡ ኢትርኅቅ፡ እምኔየ፡ አምላኪየ፡ ነጽር፡ ውስተ፡ ረዲኦትየ፡ ኢትኅድገኒ፡ አምላኪየ፡ ወእዜምር፡ ለአምላኪየ፡ በመሰንቆ፡ ኃልቀ፡ ልብየ፡ ወሥጋየ፡ በአምላከ፡ መድኀኒትየ፡ ወእዜምር፡ ለአምላከ፡ ያዕቆብ፡ እምተግሣጽከ፡ አምላከ፡ ያዕቆብ፡ ብፁዕ፡ ሕዝብ፡ ዘእግዚአብሔር፡ አምላኩ፡ መኑ፡ አምላክ፡ ዐቢይ፡ ከመ፡ አምላክነ፡ ርድአነ፡ አምላክነ፡ ወመድኀኒነ፡ ከመ፡ ኢይበሉነ፡ አሕዛብ፡ አይቴ፡ ውእቱ፡ አምላኮሙ፡ እግዚኦ፡ አምላከ፡ ኃያላን፡ ሚጠነ፡ አምላከ፡ ኃያላን፡ ተመየጥሶ። ወየብቡ፡ ለአምላከ፡ ያዕቆብ።","english":"You, my God, remove far from me. My God, look upon my help; do not abandon me, my God. And I will sing to my God with a harp, the whole of my heart and my flesh, by the God of my salvation. And I will sing to the God of Jacob from your chastisement. The God of Jacob, blessed people whose God is the Lord. Who is a great God like our God? Help us, our God and our Savior, so that the nations may not say, \"Where is their God?\" O Lord, God of the mighty, what is the God of the mighty like? He has been revealed, and they shall praise the God of Jacob.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"ኢትርኅቅ፡ እምኔየ፡","severity":"info","text":"The opening phrase 'remove far from me' continues the petitionary pattern of the previous passage, where the speaker repeatedly calls on God for aid and protection.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"መሰንቆ፡","severity":"info","text":"The Geʿez word 'masānqo' (መሰንቆ) denotes a harp or lyre, a musical instrument used in liturgical and devotional contexts, here symbolizing praise.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"አምላከ፡ ያዕቆብ፡","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'God of Jacob' echoes the Old Testament title for God as the God of the patriarch Jacob, found in passages such as Psalm 20:1 (LXX) and in the broader biblical tradition.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"አሕዛብ፡","severity":"info","text":"The term 'aḥzāb' (አሕዛብ) means 'nations' or 'gentiles,' reflecting a contrast between the faithful community and outsiders, a common motif in Ethiopic prayers of supplication.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"parallel","kind":"parallel","basis":"text","lemma":"ኢይበሉነ፡ አሕዛብ፡ አይቴ፡ ውእቱ፡ አምላኮሙ፡","severity":"info","text":"The rhetorical question 'Where is their God?' parallels Psalm 42:10 (LXX) and similar taunts in biblical narratives, here turned into a plea for divine vindication.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ተመየጥሶ።","severity":"caution","text":"The form 'tamayäṭṣo' (ተመየጥሶ።) is obscure; it may be a corrupt or variant spelling of 'tamäyäṭṭäṣo' ('he has been revealed'), and the reading is tentative.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase 'ተመየጥሶ።' is uncertain in form and meaning; the translation 'he has been revealed' is conjectural.","The clause 'እምተግሣጽከ፡' ('from your chastisement') may be read as either a source of praise or a condition of the singer."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":40,"ref":"p40","source":"ፍትሑ፡ ለአምላከ፡ ያዕቆብ፡ ወኢትስግድ፡ ለአምላክ፡ ነኪር፡ እስመ፡ አነ፡ ውእቱ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ አምላክከ፡ ንጉሥየኒ፡ ወአምላኪየኒ፡ ወያስተርኢ፡ አምላከ፡ አማልክት፡ በጽዮን፡ እግዚኦ፡ አምላከ፡ ኃያላን፡ ስምዓኒ፡ ጸሎትየ፡ ወአጽምዓኒ፡ አምላኩ፡ ለያዕቆብ፡ ሚጠነ፡ አምላክነ፡ ወመድኀኒነ፡ አንተ፡ አምላክነ፡ ተመየጠነ፡ ወአሕይወነ፡ ወሀበነ፡ አምላክነ፡ አድኅኖተከ፡ አጸምዕ፡ ዘይነብበኒ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ አምላኪየ፡ አድኅኖ፡ ለገብርከ፡ አምላኪየ፡ ዓማፅያን፡ ቆሙ፡ ላዕሌየ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ አምላከ፡ መድኀኒትየ፡ እግዚኦ፡ አምላከ፡ ኃያላን፡ መኑ፡ ከማከ፡ ሃሌሉያ፡ አምላኪየ፡ ረዳእየ፡ ወመድኅንየ፡ ለይኩን፡ ብርሃኑ፡ ለአምላክነ፡ ላዕሌነ፡ ወይነብር፡ ውስተ፡ ጽላሎቱ፡ ለአምላከ፡ ሰማይ፡ ወይበቍሉ፡ ውስተ፡ ዓፀዱ፡ ለአምላክነ፡ ወይነግሩ፡ ከመ፡ ጻድቅ፡ ውእቱ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ አምላክነ፡ ወያእምሩ፡ ከመ፡ አምላከ፡ ያዕቆብ፡ አምላኪየ፡ ወረድኤተ፡ ተስፋየ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ ወያጠፍኦሙ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ አምላክነ፡ ወንየብብ፡ ለአምላክነ፡ ወመድኀኒነ፡ እስመ፡ ዐቢይ፡ ውእቱ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ አምላክነ። ሃሌሉያ፡ ወንጉሥ፡ ዓቢይ፡ ውእቱ፡ ላዕለ፡ ኵሉ፡ አማልክነ። እስመ፡ ውእቱ፡ አምላክነ፡ ርእዩ፡ አድኅኖቶ፡ ለአምላክነ፡ እግዚኦ፡ አንተ፡ ስምዓኒ፡ ተለዓለ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ አምላክነ፡ እስመ፡ ቅዱስ፡ ውእቱ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ አምላክነ፡ አእምሩ፡ ከመ፡ አነ፡ ውእቱ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ አምላክነ፡ እግዚኦ፡ አምላኪየ፡ ጥቀ፡ ዐበይከ፡ ፈድፉደ።","english":"Open the God of Jacob, and I will not worship a foreign god, for I am He, the Lord your God, my king and my god. And the God of gods will reveal himself in Zion. O Lord, God of the mighty, hear my prayer, and make me hear the God of Jacob. Our God and our savior, you are our God; you have filled us and given us life, and our God has given us your salvation. Make him who speaks to me hear, O Lord my God, the salvation of your servant. My God, my oppressors stand against me. O Lord, God of my salvation, O Lord, God of the mighty, who is like you? Hallelujah. My God, my helper and my savior, let the light of our God be upon us, and let us dwell in the shadow of the God of heaven, and let them be consumed in the field of our God, and let them proclaim that the Lord our God is righteous, and let them know that the God of Jacob is my God and the help of my hope, O Lord. And let the Lord our God destroy them, and let us sing to our God and our savior, for the Lord our God is great. Hallelujah. And a great king is he over all our gods, for he is our God. See the salvation of our God. O Lord, you hear me. The Lord our God has ascended, for the Lord our God is holy. Know that I am the Lord our God. O Lord my God, how great and abundant you are.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ኢትስግድ","severity":"info","text":"The verb 'ኢትስግድ' (ʾi-sgəd) is a negative jussive, 'I will not worship,' reflecting a strong rejection of foreign cults.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"አምላከ፡ ያዕቆብ፡","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'God of Jacob' echoes the Old Testament title for the God of Israel, e.g., in Psalm 20:1 (LXX) and Isaiah 2:3.","cites":[{"key":"ed:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"source edition: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ሃሌሉያ","severity":"info","text":"The liturgical acclamation 'Hallelujah' (ሃሌሉያ) is a Hebrew-derived praise formula common in Ethiopian Christian prayer, marking doxological sections.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage is classified as narrative but contains a series of petitions and acclamations, shifting between direct address to God and third-person praise.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"parallel","kind":"parallel","basis":"text","lemma":"አምላከ፡ ኃያላን፡","severity":"info","text":"The epithet 'God of the mighty' (አምላከ ኃያላን) parallels similar titles in the Psalms, e.g., 'God of hosts' (Ps. 24:5 LXX).","cites":[{"key":"ed:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"source edition: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"አማልክነ","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase 'over all our gods' (ላዕለ ኵሉ አማልክነ) is ambiguous; it may reflect a polytheistic context or be a rhetorical expression for 'all divine powers' in a monotheistic framework.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of 'the God of Jacob' and the relationship to the speaker's personal god is left open; the text may blend biblical and local traditions.","The phrase 'over all our gods' could be interpreted as a remnant of pre-Christian polytheism or as a hyperbolic monotheistic statement."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":41,"ref":"p41","source":"ወእዜምር፡ ለአምላኪየ፡ በአምጣነ፡ ሀሎኩ፡ ውእቱ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ አምላክነ፡ አምላኪየ፡ አድኅነኒ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ አምላክነ፡ ረዳኢነ፡ እግዚኦ፡ አምላክነ፡ ወጻድቅ፡ አምላክነ፡ መኑ፡ ከመ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ አምላክነ፡ እምቅድመ፡ ገጹ፡ ለአምላከ፡ ያዕቆብ፡ ከመ፡ ኢይበሉነ፡ አሕዛብ፡ አይቴ፡ ውእቱ፡ አምላክክሙ። አምላክነሰ፡ ውስተ፡ ሰማይ፡ ላዕለ፡ ለአምላክነሂ፡ መስተሣህል፡ አምላኪየ፡ አንተ፡ ወአሌዕለከ፡ ሃሌሉያ፡ ወእኅሥሥ፡ ትእዛዞ፡ ለአምላኪየ፡ ወበእንተ፡ ቤተ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ አምላኪየ፡ ኀሠሥኩ፡ ሠናይተኪ፡ ከማሁ፡ አዕይንቲነ፡ ኀበ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ አምላክነ፡\n\nCollection of biblical verses expressing the praise of God and invocation of the man.","english":"And I will sing to my God, for I am in his presence. He is the Lord God, my God. Save me, Lord God, our helper. O Lord, our God, and righteous God, our God. Who is like the Lord our God before the face of the God of Jacob? So that the nations may not say to us, \"Where is your God?\" For our God is in heaven above. For our God is merciful. My God, you are, and above you, Hallelujah. And I desire the command of my God. And concerning the house of the Lord my God, I have desired your goodness. Likewise, our eyes are toward the Lord our God.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage continues the narrative sequence from the previous unit, shifting from direct address to a declaration of praise and a series of rhetorical questions and affirmations about God's uniqueness and location.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ከመ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ አምላክነ፡","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'Who is like the Lord our God' echoes Exodus 15:11 and Psalm 113 (LXX), a common liturgical acclamation of God's incomparability.","cites":[{"key":"ed:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"source edition: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ኢይበሉነ፡ አሕዛብ፡ አይቴ፡ ውእቱ፡ አምላክክሙ።","severity":"info","text":"The concern that nations might ask 'Where is your God?' reflects a motif from Psalm 42:2-3 and 2 Kings 18:34-35, where the absence of a visible deity is challenged.","cites":[{"key":"ed:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"source edition: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ሃሌሉያ","severity":"info","text":"Hallelujah is a Hebrew liturgical exclamation meaning 'Praise Yah,' here used as a doxological marker within the prayer, common in Ethiopic hymnody.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The reference to 'the house of the Lord my God' likely alludes to the Temple in Jerusalem, a central symbol in Ethiopic Christian devotion, though the prayer is not tied to a specific historical temple.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"caution","text":"The Geʿez text contains a possible scribal error: 'ኢይበሉነ' may be a miswriting of 'ኢይብሉነ' (so that they may not say), but the sense is clear from context.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase 'above you, Hallelujah' is syntactically ambiguous; it may be a doxological insertion rather than a direct modifier of God.","The identity of 'the man' in the collection note is unclear; it may refer to a biblical figure or a generic supplicant."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":42,"ref":"p42","source":"ይትባረክ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ ዘከመ፡ መሐለ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ ወበፅዓ፡ ለአምላከ፡ ያዕቆብ፡ ወማኅደሮ፡ ለአምላከ፡ ያዕቆብ፡ ውስተ፡ ዓፀደ፡ ቤተ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ ወአምላክነሂ፡ እምኵሉ፡ አማልክት፡ ግነዩ፡ ለአምላከ፡ አማልክት፡ ወእብሎ፡ አምላኪየ፡ ይትባረክ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ አምላኪየ፡ ብፁዕ፡ ሕዝብ፡ ዘእግዚአብሔር፡ አምላኩ፡ አሌዕለከ፡ ንጉሥየ፡ ወአምላኪየ፡ ወእዜምር፡ ለአምላኪየ፡ በአምጣነ፡ ሀሎኩ፡ ብፁዕ፡ ብእሲ፡ ዘአምላከ፡ ያዕቆብ፡ ረዳኢሁ፡ ወትውክልቱኒ፡ ላዕለ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ አምላኩ፡ አምላክኪ፡ ጽዮን፡ ለትውልደ፡ ትውልድ፡ ወለአምላክነ፡ ሐዋዝ፡ ሰብሖ፡ ወሰብሒዮ፡ ለአምላክኪ፡ ጽዮን፡ ሃሌሉያ፡ ውእቱ፡ አምላኪየ፡ ወእሴብሖ፡ አምላከ፡ አቡየ፡ ወአሌዕሎ፡ ሀቡ፡ ዕበየ፡ ለአምላክነ፡ አልቦ፡ በዕድ፡ አምላክ፡ ዘአንበሌከ፡ ወአልቦ፡ ጻድቅ፡ ከመ፡ አምላክነ፡ አምላኮሙ፡ ለአበዊነ፡ ጸራኅኩ፡ በምንዳቤየ፡ ኀበ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ አምላኪየ፡ በሌሊት፡ ትገይስ፡ መንፈስየ፡ ኀበ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ አምላኪየ፡ በሌሊት፡ ትገይስ፡ መንፈስየ፡ ኀበ፡ እግዚአብሔር።","english":"Blessed is the Lord God, as the Lord God has mercy, and in the righteousness of the God of Jacob, and in the sanctuary of the God of Jacob, within the court of the house of the Lord God. And our God, from among all the gods, is the victor for the God of gods. And I say, \"My God, blessed is the Lord God, my God.\" Blessed is the people whose God is the Lord God. Above you, my king and my God, and I will sing to my God, for I am in his presence. Blessed is the man whose helper is the God of Jacob, and whose trust is upon the Lord God, his God. Your God, Zion, for generations of generations, and to our God, praise and glorify your God, Zion. Hallelujah, he is my God, and I will praise the God of my father, and above, give glory to our God. There is no god like the God who is without you, and there is no righteous one like our God, the God of our fathers. I cried out in my distress to the Lord God, my God. By night, my spirit seeks the Lord God, my God. By night, my spirit seeks the Lord God.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage is classified as narrative based on Coptic cues, but its content is predominantly doxological and petitionary, with repeated invocations of divine titles.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"አምላከ፡ አማልክት","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'God of gods' (አምላከ፡ አማልክት) is a standard Geʿez epithet for the supreme deity, emphasizing monotheistic supremacy over other divine beings.","cites":[{"key":"ed:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"source edition: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ጽዮን","severity":"info","text":"Zion (ጽዮን) here is personified as a recipient of praise, likely referring to the church or the heavenly Jerusalem, a common trope in Ethiopic liturgical texts.","cites":[{"key":"ed:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"source edition: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"አልቦ፡ በዕድ፡ አምላክ፡ ዘአንበሌከ","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'There is no god like the God who is without you' echoes the biblical exclusivity formula (cf. Exod 20:3, Deut 4:39), asserting the uniqueness of God.","cites":[{"key":"ed:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"source edition: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The repeated reference to 'God of Jacob' (አምላከ፡ ያዕቆብ) is a biblical epithet (cf. Ps 24:5) and appears in Ethiopic prayers to invoke the patriarchal covenant.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The doxological structure and repeated 'Hallelujah' suggest this passage was used in communal liturgical settings, possibly as part of a night office or vigil.","cites":[{"key":"ed:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"source edition: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The phrase 'አሌዕለከ፡ ንጉሥየ፡ ወአምላኪየ፡' could be read as either 'above you, my king and my God' or as a separate invocation; the English draft takes the former.","The repetition of 'በሌሊት፡ ትገይስ፡ መንፈስየ፡' may be a scribal dittography or intentional liturgical refrain; the text is ambiguous."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":43,"ref":"p43","source":"አምላኪየ፡ እግዚኦ፡ አምላክነ፡ ሰላመ፡ ሀበነ፡ እግዚኦ፡ አምላክነ፡ አጥርየነ፡ ለአምላክነ፡ በደብረ፡ መቅደሱ፡ ቃልየ፡ ሶበ፡ ጸዋዕክዎ፡ ለእግዚአብሔር፡ ስምዓኒ፡ ጽድቅየ፡ ተሣሃለኒ፡ ወስምዓኒ፡ ጸሎትየ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ ይሰምዓኒ፡ ሶበ፡ ጸራሕኩ፡ ኀቤሁ፡ ወስምዓኒ፡ ቃለ፡ ጸሎትየ፡ በጽባሕ፡ ስምዓኒ፡ እግዚኦ፡ አምላኪየ፡ እግዚኦ፡ ስምዓኒ፡ ጽድቅየ፡ ወስምዓኒ፡ ጸሎትየ፡ አንሰ፡ ጸራኅኩ፡ እስመ፡ ሰምዓኒ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ አጽምዕ፡ እዝነከ፡ ኀቤየ፡ ወስምዓኒ፡ ቃልየ፡ ወስምዓኒ፡ በጽርሐ፡ መቅደሱ፡ ቃልየ፡ ወስምዓኒ፡ በዕለተ፡ ንጼውዓከ፡ ሶበ፡ ጸራኅኩ፡ ኀቤሁ፡ ይሰምዓኒ፡ ስምዓኒ፡ እግዚኦ፡ ቃልየ፡ ዘሰዓልኩ፡ ኀቤከ፡ ተሣሃለኒ፡ ወስምዓኒ፡ እግዚኦ፡ ወአጽምዕ፡ ቃለ፡ ስዕለትየ፡ ዘጸራኅኩ፡ ኀቤከ፡ ይትባረክ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ እስመ፡ ስምዓኒ፡ ቃለ፡ ስእለትየ፡ ወበእንተዝ፡ ስምዓኒ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ አንተ፡ ስምዓኒ፡ እግዚኦ፡ አምላኪየ፡ ስምዓኒ፡ እግዚኦ፡ ጸሎትየ፡ ወስዕለትየ፡ ወአጽምዓኒ፡ አንብዕየ፡ ወኢትጸመመኒ፡ ስምዓኒ፡ ወተመይጠኒ፡ አጽምዓኒ፡ ቃለ፡ ስእለትየ፡ እግዚኦ፡ ሰማዕነ፡ በእዘኒነ፡ ስምዓኒ፡ ሕዝብየ፡ ወእንግርከ።","english":"My God, O Lord our God, give us peace, O Lord our God. Purify us for our God on the mountain of his sanctuary. My voice, when I called out to the Lord, hear me, my righteousness, have mercy on me, and hear my prayer. The Lord, may he hear me when I cried out to him, and hear the voice of my prayer. In the morning, hear me, O Lord my God. O Lord, hear my righteousness, and hear my prayer. I cried out because the Lord heard me. Incline your ear toward me, and hear my voice, and hear me in the court of his sanctuary, my voice, and hear me on the day of your festival, when I cried out to him. May he hear me. Hear me, O Lord, my voice which I asked of you. Have mercy on me, and hear me, O Lord, and incline to the voice of my petition which I cried out to you. Blessed is the Lord, because he heard the voice of my petition. And because of this, hear me, O Lord. You, hear me, O Lord my God. Hear me, O Lord, my prayer and my petition, and make my ears hear, and do not cut me off. Hear me and answer me. Incline to the voice of my petition. O Lord, hear us with our ears. Hear me, my people, and I will show you.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The passage is a narrative unit within the prayer, marked by the repeated plea 'hear me' (ስምዓኒ) and a shift from invocation to a recounting of the supplicant's cry.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ስምዓኒ","severity":"info","text":"The Geʿez imperative 'ስምዓኒ' (hear me) is a key liturgical refrain, emphasizing the supplicant's urgent plea for divine attention.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"external","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'on the mountain of his sanctuary' (በደብረ፡ መቅደሱ) evokes the Temple Mount in Jerusalem, a common trope in Ethiopic prayers linking the earthly sanctuary to the divine presence.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"parallel","kind":"parallel","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The repeated structure 'hear my righteousness' (ስምዓኒ፡ ጽድቅየ) and 'hear my prayer' (ስምዓኒ፡ ጸሎትየ) mirrors the parallelistic style of the Psalms, particularly Psalm 4:1.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"external","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage, with its insistent 'hear me' refrain, reflects the liturgical use of the prayer in Ethiopic Christian worship, where the congregation's cry for divine mercy is central.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"caution","text":"The final phrase 'I will show you' (እንግርከ) is ambiguous; it may be a scribal error or a fragment of a larger response, as the expected conclusion would be a doxology.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The final clause 'እንግርከ' (I will show you) is unclear; it may be a truncated promise or a corruption of a standard blessing."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":44,"ref":"p44","source":"ወአጽምዓኒ፡ እግዚኦ፡ ጸሎትየ፡ አምላኪየ፡ አድኅን፡ በየማንከ፡ ወስምዓኒ፡ ስምዓኒ፡ አምላኪየ፡ ስእለትየ፡ ወአጽምዓኒ፡ ጸሎትየ፡ እስመ፡ አንተ፡ አምላኪየ፡ ሰማዕከኒ፡ ጸሎትየ፡ ስምዓኒ፡ እግዚኦ፡ ጸሎትየ፡ ዘሰዓልኩ፡ ኀቤከ፡ ስምዓነ፡ አምላክነ፡ ወመድኀኒነ፡ ወበእንተዝ፡ ሰምዓኒ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ ወአጽምዓኒ፡ ቃለ፡ ጸሎትየ፡ ስምዓኒ፡ ዘበአማን፡ መድኅንየ፡ ስምዓኒ፡ እግዚኦ፡ እስመ፡ ሠናይ፡ ምሕረትከ፡ እስመ፡ ተመንደብኩ፡ ፍጡነ፡ ስምዓኒ፡ ቃልየ፡ ኀበ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ ስምዓኒ፡ ስምዓኒ፡ ሕዝብየ፡ ወእንግርከ፡ እግዚኦ፡ አምላከ፡ ኃያላን፡ ስምዓኒ፡ ጸሎትየ፡ ወአጽምዓኒ፡ አምላኩ፡ ለያዕቆብ። አጽምዕ፡ እግዚኦ፡ እዝነከ፡ ኀቤየ፡ ወስምዓኒ፡ እግዚኦ፡ አምላኪየ፡ አንተ፡ ስምዓኒ፡ አጽምዓኒ፡ እግዚኦ፡ ጸሎትየ፡ ሃሌሉያ፡ አመ፡ ዕለተ፡ አጼውዓከ፡ ፍጡነ፡ ስምዓኒ፡ አፍቀረ፡ ወእባርኮ፡ ለእግዚአብሔር፡ ዘአለበወኒ። ወበጽላሎተ፡ ክነፊከ፡ ክድነኒ፡ ወበጽድቅከ፡ እሬኢ፡ ገጸከ፡ ወእጸግብ፡ በርእየ፡ ስብሐቲከ፡ ሕያው፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ ወቡሩክ፡ አምላኪየ፡ ለስሒት፡ መኑ፡ ይሌብዋ፡ ወእምነኪር፡ መሐኮ፡ ለገብርከ፡ ነጽር፡ ላዕሌየ፡ ወተሣሃለኒ፡ እስመ፡ ባሕታዊ፡ ወነዳይ፡ አነ፡ ወብዙኅ፡ ኀዘኑ፡ ለልብየ፡ አድኅነኒ፡ እምንዳቤየ፡ አንሰ፡ ቦቱ፡ ተወከልኩ። ንሥቶሙ፡ ወኢትሕንዖሙ፡ አአኵተከ፡ እግዚኦ፡ እስመ፡ ተወከፍከኒ፡ ወእሴብሐከ፡ ወእቤለከ፡ አምላኪየ፡ አንተ፡ ሠወርኮሙ፡ ለእለ፡ ይፈርሁከ፡ እምኵሉ፡ ምንዳቤ፡ ወአድኅነኒ።","english":"And make me hear, O Lord, my prayer. My God, save me by your right hand, and hear me, hear me, my God, my petition, and make me hear my prayer. For you, my God, have heard my prayer. Hear me, O Lord, my prayer, that which I asked of you. Hear us, our God and our Savior. And for this reason, hear me, O Lord, and make me hear the voice of my prayer. Hear me, my faithful Savior. Hear me, O Lord, for your mercy is good, for I have trusted quickly. Hear my voice, to the Lord. Hear me, hear me, my people, and I will tell you, O Lord, God of the mighty. Hear my prayer, and make me hear, the God of Jacob. Make your ear hear me, O Lord, and hear me, O Lord, my God. You, hear me, make me hear, O Lord, my prayer. Hallelujah. On the day I call you, quickly hear me. I have loved and I will bless the Lord, who has not failed me. And with the shadow of your wing, cover me, and with your righteousness, I will see your face, and I will be filled with the sight of your glory. Living Lord, and blessed my God. For forgiveness, who will clothe it? And from the pit, who will save your servant? Look upon me and have mercy on me, for I am alone and a stranger, and the sorrow of my heart is great. Save me from my distress. I, indeed, have trusted. Lift them up and do not hide them. I thank you, O Lord, for you have received me, and I will praise you and say to you, my God, you have hidden those who fear you from all distress, and save me.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"ወአጽምዓኒ፡ እግዚኦ፡ ጸሎትየ፡","severity":"info","text":"The passage continues the repetitive petitionary pattern of the prayer, with the phrase 'make me hear my prayer' recurring as a structural refrain.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ሃሌሉያ፡","severity":"info","text":"The term 'Hallelujah' is a liturgical acclamation of praise, here marking a transition within the prayer's narrative sequence.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"አምላኩ፡ ለያዕቆብ።","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'God of Jacob' echoes Old Testament divine epithets (e.g., Psalm 20:1 LXX), invoking the God of the patriarchs.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ወበጽላሎተ፡ ክነፊከ፡ ክድነኒ፡","severity":"info","text":"The image of being covered by the shadow of God's wing is a common biblical metaphor for divine protection (cf. Psalm 17:8 LXX).","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"አፍቀረ፡ ወእባርኮ፡ ለእግዚአብሔር፡","severity":"info","text":"The declaration 'I have loved and I will bless the Lord' reflects a personal devotional stance typical of Ethiopic prayer literature, emphasizing trust and praise.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ንሥቶሙ፡ ወኢትሕንዖሙ፡","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase 'Lift them up and do not hide them' is ambiguous in referent; it may refer to the petitioner's sorrows or to other supplicants, and the Geʿez does not clarify.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The referent of 'them' in 'Lift them up and do not hide them' is unclear; it may be the petitioner's sorrows or other persons.","The phrase 'for forgiveness, who will clothe it?' is syntactically obscure in Geʿez."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":45,"ref":"p45","source":"ኵሉ፡ አዕፅምትየ፡ ይብሉከ፡ እግዚኦ፡ መኑ፡ ከማከ፡ ታድኅኖ፡ ለነዳይ፡ ኵነኒኔከ፡ ዕሙቅ፡ ጥቀ፡ ሰብአ፡ ወእንስሳ፡ ታድኅን፡ እግዚኦ፡ እስመ፡ እምኀቤከ፡ ነቅዐ፡ ሕይወት፡ ዕቀበኒ፡ እግዚኦ፡ ከመ፡ ብንተ፡ ዓይን፡ ልብየኒ፡ ደንገፀኒ፡ ወኃይልየኒ፡ ኀደገኒ፡ ወይእዜኒ፡ መኑ፡ ተስፋየ፡ አኮኑ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ ስምዓኒ፡ ወተመይጠኒ፡ ወስረይ፡ ላቲ፡ ለነፍስየ፡ እስመ፡ አበስኩ፡ ለከ፡ ሲሳየ፡ ኮነኒ፡ አንብዕየ፡ መዓልተ፡ ወሌሊተ፡ ረዳኤ፡ ኩነኒ፡ ወኢትግድፈኒ፡ ፈኑ፡ ብርሃነከ፡ አንብዕየ፡ ወጽድቀከ። አንተ፡ ውእቱ፡ ንጉሥየ፡ ወአምላኪየ፡ ወይመርሐከ፡ ስብሐተ፡ የማንከ፡ ቀደሰ፡ ማኅደሮ፡ ልዑል፡ ቅድቅ፡ ምሉዕ፡ የማንከ፡ ወንጉሥ፡ ዓቢይ፡ ውእቱ፡ ላዕለ፡ ኵሉ፡ አማልክት፡ ሕፅበኒ፡ ወአንጽሐኒ፡ እምኀጢአትየ፡ መባአኒ፡ ወቍርባነኒ፡ አሜሃ፡ የዓርጉ፡ ውስተ፡ ምሥዋዒከ፡ አልሕምተ።","english":"All my bones say to you, O Lord: Who is like you, who saves the poor? Your mercy is deep, greatly, for man and beast you save, O Lord, for from you is the spring of life. Guard me, O Lord, as the pupil of my eye. Strengthen me, empower me, and give me strength; do not abandon me. And now, who is my hope? Is it not the Lord? Hear me and answer me, and forgive my soul, for I have sinned against you. My food has become my affliction; day and night, be my help and do not cast me out. Send your light among me and your righteousness. You are my king and my God. And may the holiness of your right hand lead you; the exalted sanctuary, full, is your right hand. And the great king is over all gods. Protect me and cleanse me from my sins, my offering and my oblation. Then they will ascend into your altar of incense.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"sense","kind":"sense","basis":"text","lemma":"ኵሉ አዕፅምትየ ይብሉከ","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'all my bones say to you' personifies the body as a witness to divine mercy, intensifying the plea for salvation.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ኵነኒኔከ","severity":"info","text":"The term 'ኵነኒኔከ' (your mercy) is a key theological concept in Geʿez prayer, denoting divine compassion that extends to both humans and animals.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ከመ ብንተ ዓይን ልብየኒ","severity":"info","text":"The request 'guard me as the pupil of my eye' echoes Psalm 17:8 (LXX) and similar biblical metaphors for intimate protection.","cites":[{"key":"ed:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"source edition: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ምሥዋዒከ አልሕምተ","severity":"info","text":"The reference to 'altar of incense' (ምሥዋዒከ አልሕምተ) reflects the liturgical practice of offering incense in Ethiopian Orthodox worship, symbolizing prayers ascending.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"ወይእዜኒ መኑ ተስፋየ አኮኑ እግዚአብሔር","severity":"info","text":"The rhetorical question 'who is my hope? Is it not the Lord?' marks a structural pivot from bodily plea to confession and petition for forgiveness.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ላዕለ ኵሉ አማልክት","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase 'over all gods' (ላዕለ ኵሉ አማልክት) may reflect a pre-Christian or syncretic context, but in this prayer it likely asserts monotheistic supremacy.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of 'the great king' (ንጉሥ ዓቢይ) is ambiguous: it could refer to Christ or to God the Father, but the context suggests a divine title.","The phrase 'your right hand' (የማንከ) is used both as a symbol of power and as a personified agent, creating potential ambiguity in agency."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":46,"ref":"p46","source":"አንስ፡ ኪያከ፡ ተወከልኩ፡ እግዚኦ፡ ናሁ፡ አእመርኩ፡ ከመ፡ አምላኪየ፡ አንተ፡ አድኅና፡ ለነፍስየ፡ እማዕከለ፡ አናብስት፡ እምትሕዝብተ፡ ጸላዒ፡ አድኅና፡ ለነፍስየ፡ ኀጢአትየሰ፡ አንተ፡ ስረይ፡ ለነ፡ ወያርኢ፡ ገጾ፡ ላዕሌነ፡ ጻድቃንሰ፡ ይትፌሥሑ፡ ለምንት፡ ገደፍከነ፡ እግዚኦ፡ እግገኒ፡ ለከ፡ ወእዜምር፡ ለአምላከ፡ ያዕቆብ፡ ኃያል፡ ጋያ፡ ግሩም፡ ጋያ፡ ዘያወፅዕ፡ ነፍሶሙ፡ ለመላእክት፡ መኑ፡ አምላክ፡ ከመ፡ አምላክነ፡ ወሐልቀ፡ በከንቱ፡ መዋዕሊሆሙ፡ ወኀለፈ፡ በጕጕዓ፡ ዓመቲሆሙ፡ ውእቱስ፡ መሐሪ፡ ውእቱ፡ ኢትዝክር፡ ለነ፡ አበሳነ፡ ንሥኡ፡ መዝሙረ፡ ወሀቡ፡ ከበሮ፡ መዝሙር፡ ሐዋዝ፡ ምስለ፡ መሰንቆ፡ አምላከ፡ አማልክት፡ በጽዮን፡ ወምስካይነ፡ አምላኩ፡ ለያዕቆብ፡ እግዚኦ፡ ሚጠነ፡ አምላክነ። ግበር፡ ምስሌነ፡ ትእምርቶ፡ ለሠናይ፡ ዓለመኒ፡ በምልዑ፡ አንተ፡ ሰረርከ፡ ባሕር፡ ወመስዓ፡ ዘአንተ፡ ፈጠርከ፡ እብሎ፡ ለእግዚእየ፡ አንተ፡ ክድኖ፡ እስመ፡ አእመረ፡ ስምየ፡ ሀሎኩ፡ ምስሌሁ፡ ይኄይስ፡ ተአምኖ፡ በእግዚአብሔር፡ ብፁዕ፡ ብእሲ፡ ዘአንተ፡ ገሠጽኮ፡ እግዚኦ፡ ወዘመሐርኮ፡ ሕገከ፡ እስመ፡ መንክር፡ ግብረ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ ወኵሉ፡ ከመ፡ ልብስ፡ ይበሊ፡ አኮ፡ በከመ፡ ኃጢአተነ፡ ዘገብረ፡ ለነ፡ ጥቀ፡ ዓቢይ፡ ግብርከ፡ ወኵሎ፡ በጥበብ፡ ገበርከ፡ ወኵሉ፡ ይሴፎ፡ ኀቤከ፡ ግነዩ፡ ለእግዚአብሔር፡ ወፀውኡ፡ ስሞ፡ ወስምዖሙ፡ ጸሎቶሙ፡ ወተዘከረ፡ ኪዳኖ፡ ወኢይፈርህ፡ እምነገር፡ እኩይ፡ ወይኩን፡ ቡሩክ፡ ስሙ፡ ለእግዚአብሔር።","english":"I have trusted in you, O Lord. Now I know that you are my God, who saves my soul from the midst of lions, from the ambush of the enemy. Save my soul; my sins, do you forgive. For the righteous rejoice in the face that is upon us. Why have you cast us down, O Lord? I bow down to you and I sing to the God of Jacob. Mighty, majestic, glorious, who expels the souls of the angels. Who is a god like our God? They have wasted their days in vain, and their years have passed in vanity. He is merciful, he is. Remember for us our transgression. Take up the psalm and give the drum, the psalm, the lyre with the harp. The God of gods in Zion, and our shelter, the God of Jacob. O Lord, our God, do with us the sign of a good world, for in fullness you have broken the sea and the measure which you created. I say to my Lord, you are true, for he knows my name. I was with him. It is good to trust in God. Blessed is the man whom you have anointed, O Lord, and to whom you have shown mercy, your law. For the work of God is wondrous, and all is like a garment that wears out. No, because of our sins which he has done for us. Great is your work, and you have done all with wisdom, and all hope in you. Sing to God and praise his name and their names, their prayer, and he remembered the covenant, and he does not fear an evil thing, and blessed be his name, the name of God.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"sense","kind":"sense","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The speaker acknowledges God as savior from mortal danger, using the imagery of lions and enemy ambush to convey peril.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"አምላከ፡ ያዕቆብ፡","severity":"info","text":"The title 'God of Jacob' evokes the patriarchal tradition and is a common epithet in Geʿez prayers, linking the speaker to the biblical covenant.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"አድኅና፡ ለነፍስየ፡ እማዕከለ፡ አናብስት፡","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'save my soul from the midst of lions' echoes Daniel 6:22 (LXX), where Daniel is saved from the lions' den, a common trope in Ethiopic prayers for divine protection.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The mention of 'drum, psalm, lyre with harp' reflects liturgical practice in Ethiopian worship, where musical instruments accompany psalmody.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"This passage shifts from a plea for salvation to a doxological section praising God's might and wisdom, then returns to exhortations to sing and trust.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase 'their names, their prayer' is ambiguous; it may refer to the righteous or to angels, and the English draft's rendering is uncertain.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of 'their names, their prayer' is unclear; possibly referring to the righteous or angels.","The phrase 'because of our sins which he has done for us' is syntactically ambiguous in Geʿez."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":47,"ref":"p47","source":"በከመ፡ ፈቀደ፡ ገብረ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ ወኵሎ፡ ዘሐለየ፡ ይፌጽም፡ አንሰ፡ ጸዋዕኩ፡ ስመ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ አመንኩ፡ በዘነበብኩ። ለከ፡ ዕሠውዕ፡ መሥዋዕተ፡ ስብሐት። ለከ፡ ይደሉ፡ ስብሐት፡ ወለከ፡ ይደሉ፡ ሰግደት። እስመ፡ ጸንዓት፡ ምሕረቱ፡ ላዕሌነ፡ ገሥጾሰ፡ ገሠጸኒ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ ውእቱ፡ አምላክነሰ፡ በኀቤነ፡ የማንከ፡ እግዚኦ፡ ተሰብሐ፡ በኃይል፡ ስመከ፡ እግዚኦ፡ ጸዋዕኩ፡ መገቦሙ፡ ወመርሖሙ፡ ወዓቀቦሙ፡ ከመ፡ ብንተ፡ ዓይን፡ ነገራ፡ ለዛቲ፡ ማኅሌት፡ አይቴ፡ እሙንቱ፡ አማልክቲክሙ፡ ይትፌሥሐ፡ ኵሎን፡ ሰማያት፡ ኅቡረ፡ ወይሰግዱ፡ ሎቱ፡ ኵሎሙ፡ መላእክተ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ መሐሪ፡ መሐረነ፡ ዓቀመ፡ ቃሎ፡ ዘነበበ፡ እስመ፡ በፈቃዱ፡ ነሐውር፡ ቀታሊ፡ ዘይቀትል፡ መዋዒ፡ ዘኢይመውት፡ ዮምሰ፡ ንጉሥ፡ ገሠምሰ፡ መዋቲ፡ ኦነፍስ፡ ኢትፍርሂ፡ ወይእዜኒ፡ በተግባርከ፡ ትትፈደይ፡ በተግባርከ። እስመ፡ አንተ፡ ውእቱ፡ ሞገሶሙ፡ ለጻድቃን፡ እስመ፡ አንተ፡ ውእቱ፡ አክሊሎሙ፡ ለንጹሐን፡ እስመ፡ አንተ፡ ውእቱ፡ ዕበዮሙ፡ ለትሑታን። እስመ፡ አንተ፡ ውእቱ፡ ጽንዖሙ፡ ለድኩማን፡ እስመ፡ አንተ፡ ውእቱ፡ መሐሪ፡ መስተሣህል፡ ህየ፡ አንተ፡ ለዓለም፡ አንተ፡ ውእቱ፡ አዘዝካሁ፡ ለመሬት፡ ወአውፅአ፡ ለአዳም፡ በሥጋ፡ መዋቲ፡ እምድር፡ አንተ፡ እምውስተ፡ መሬት፡ ዘከማከ፡ አልቦ፡ ፈጣሪ፡ ካልእ፡ ዘይነብር፡ በስብሐት፡ ወዘተአመኖ፡ ኵሉ፡ ፍጥረት፡ እስመ፡ ይጐይዩ፡ እምርእየ፡ ገጹ፡ ለዘሎቱ፡ ተቀንዩ፡ በሕይወቶሙ፡ ሰብእሰ፡ አባሲ፡ አንተሰ፡ መሐሪ፡ ወኵሉ፡ ዘይጼውዕ፡ ስመ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ ይድኅን፡ በጽድቅ፡ ለገብርከ፡ ስምዓን።","english":"As the servant of the Lord desired, and all that he sought shall be fulfilled. I have invoked the name of the Lord; I have believed in that which I confessed. To you I offer a sacrifice of praise. To you praise is due, and to you prostration is due. For his mercy has prevailed over us; he has chastised me. The Lord, he is our God; in our midst, where are you, O Lord? Be praised in power. Your name, O Lord, I have invoked. Their refuge and their guide and their protection, as the pupil of the eye. Tell the tale of this hymn: Where are those gods of yours? Let all the heavens rejoice together, and let all the angels of the Lord bow down to him. Merciful one, have mercy on us. He has set the word that was spoken, for by his will I dwell. The slayer who slays the dying, the one who is far from death. Now the king has become the dying. O soul, do not fear, and now by your deed you shall be redeemed, by your deed. For you are the grace of the righteous, for you are the crown of the pure, for you are the greatness of the humble, for you are the strength of the weak, for you are the merciful and forgiving. There, you are for eternity. You are the one who commanded the earth and brought forth Adam in mortal flesh from the earth. You, from within the earth, there is none like you, a second creator who dwells in praise, and in whom all creation believes, for they shrink from the sight of his face. For those who have bowed down in their lives, man is a sinner; you, however, are merciful. And all who invoke the name of the Lord shall be saved in righteousness for your servant Simʿān.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"narrative","severity":"info","text":"This passage continues the narrative structural classification from the Coptic cues, marked by a shift from direct petition to a doxological enumeration of divine attributes and a concluding reference to a named servant.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ስምዓን","severity":"info","text":"The name Simʿān (ስምዓን) at the end likely refers to the supplicant or a figure associated with the prayer's composition; it may be Simeon, possibly the Stylite or another saint, but the text does not specify.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ከመ፡ ብንተ፡ ዓይን","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'as the pupil of the eye' (ከመ፡ ብንተ፡ ዓይን) echoes biblical imagery of protection, e.g., Deuteronomy 32:10 (LXX) and Psalm 17:8, where God guards as the apple of the eye.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ገብረ፡ እግዚአብሔር","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'servant of the Lord' (ገብረ፡ እግዚአብሔር) is a common self-designation in Ethiopic prayers, reflecting a humility trope; it may also refer to a specific liturgical figure or the compiler.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"ዘኢይመውት","severity":"info","text":"The paradoxical phrase 'the one who is far from death' (ዘኢይመውት) contrasts with 'the slayer who slays the dying,' a motif found in Ethiopic hymnody that emphasizes divine transcendence over mortality.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ገሥጾሰ፡ ገሠጸኒ","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase 'he has chastised me' (ገሥጾሰ፡ ገሠጸኒ) may be a textual corruption or repetition; the Geʿez shows a doubling of the root, possibly a scribal error or emphatic form, but the sense is clear.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of Simʿān (ስምዓን) is not specified; it may be a saint, a patron, or the author.","The phrase 'their refuge and their guide and their protection' lacks an explicit antecedent; it may refer to the righteous or the angels.","The transition from 'the king has become the dying' to 'O soul, do not fear' is abrupt; the logic may be liturgical rather than narrative."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":48,"ref":"p48","source":"ተፈጸመ፡ መጽሐፈ፡ ፈላሻ፡ በዘመነ፡ ሉቃስ፡ በወርኅ፡ ትቅምት፡ በትዕይንተ፡ ጎንደር፡ ዓፄ፡ ሣህሉ፡ ታእካ፡ እንዘ፡ የዓቅቡ፡ በጥቅምት፡ በ፫ዕለት።","english":"The book of the Seeker is completed in the time of Luke, in the month of Teqemt, in the reign of Gondar, under King Sahlū Ta'ekā, while he was in custody, on the 3rd day of Teqemt.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"ተፈጸመ፡ መጽሐፈ፡ ፈላሻ፡","severity":"info","text":"This colophon marks the end of the work, identifying it as the 'book of the Seeker' (መጽሐፈ ፈላሻ). The preceding passage (p47) concluded the prayer proper; this unit is a scribal addition.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"dating","kind":"chronology","basis":"text","lemma":"በዘመነ፡ ሉቃስ፡","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'in the time of Luke' likely refers to the liturgical year of the Evangelist Luke, whose feast is on 18 October (Teqemt 8). The month Teqemt (October–November) aligns with this.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ዓፄ፡ ሣህሉ፡ ታእካ፡","severity":"info","text":"King Sahlū Ta'ekā is a historical ruler of the Gondar region. His reign is otherwise poorly documented; this colophon provides a rare contemporary attestation.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"transmission","kind":"transmission","basis":"text","lemma":"እንዘ፡ የዓቅቡ፡","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'while he was in custody' (እንዘ የዓቅቡ) suggests the scribe or patron was imprisoned when the copy was made, adding a biographical context to the manuscript's production.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"በትዕይንተ፡ ጎንደር፡","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase 'in the reign of Gondar' (በትዕይንተ ጎንደር) is ambiguous: it may refer to a place name (Gondar city) or a dynasty. The reading 'reign' is interpretive; the Geʿez could also mean 'in the administration of Gondar'.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT7504PrayerBE","label":"betmas: ጸሎተ፡ አስተርኢ፡","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT7504PrayerBE"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of 'Gondar' (place or ruler) is uncertain; the translation 'reign' is a plausible but not certain reading.","The relationship between King Sahlū Ta'ekā and the 'time of Luke' is not explicit—whether liturgical, regnal, or otherwise."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]}]}