{"slug":"LIT5061TaammeraA","id":"ethiopic:betmas:LIT5061TaammeraA","title":"Miracles of ʾAnānya","author":"Anonymous","genre":"hagiography","date":"","tradition":"ethiopic","coverage":"not-located","coverage_claim":{"status":"not-located","text":"No English translation could be identified: a language model asked twice could not name one, though it could not rule one out either. That is not proof that none exists — translations in dissertations, recent books and other modern languages are easily missed."},"publication":{"status":"machine-draft","reviewed_by":null,"model":"deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash:floor","provider":"Relace","generated":"2026-11-15T04:53:10Z","cost_usd":0.003913},"source":{"registry_id":"ethiopic:betmas:LIT5061TaammeraA","work_id":"LIT5061TaammeraA","edition":"betmas","language":"","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0 (per file); site footer states NC-SA - treat as NC","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT5061TaammeraA"},"stats":{"passages":6,"english_words":1044,"coptic_letters":0,"commentary_units":35,"commentary_kinds":7,"derived_notes":0,"ambiguities":11,"work_notes":6,"external_links":5,"timeline":3},"summary":{"work":"LIT5061TaammeraA","abstract":"The Miracles of ʾAnānya is an anonymous Geʿez hagiography recounting miracles attributed to the saint ʾAnānya, also called Fāsīledes. The work belongs to the Taʾammərā Maryam cycle, indicating its liturgical use in Marian feasts within the Ethiopian Orthodox tradition. The sole known edition is the Betä Mäsəḥəfät imprint, which lacks a critical apparatus and does not record variant readings. The composition likely postdates the 15th century based on manuscript evidence. The figure ʾAnānya is not attested in earlier hagiographical sources; his identity may be conflated with other saints, possibly the 17th-century emperor Fasilides, whose identification as a martyr is unusual.","historical_context":"The work is composed in Geʿez, the classical liturgical language of the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church. It belongs to the Taʾammərā Maryam (Miracles of Mary) cycle, a collection of miracle stories used in the liturgy of Marian feasts. The text is anonymous and undated, but its composition likely postdates the 15th century, as the earliest known manuscripts of the Taʾammərā Maryam cycle date from that period. The sole edition is the Betä Mäsəḥəfät imprint, which provides the base text but lacks a critical apparatus, leaving textual fluidity unaddressed. The saint ʾAnānya is also named Fāsīledes, a name shared with the 17th-century Ethiopian emperor Fasilides (r. 1632–1667), known for his patronage of the church and construction of Gondar Castle. His identification as a martyr here is unusual and may reflect a local tradition or conflation. The work survives only in this edition, with no known manuscript witnesses, limiting our knowledge of its transmission.","significance":"The Miracles of ʾAnānya is significant as a witness to the development of hagiography within the Taʾammərā Maryam cycle, illustrating how local saints were integrated into Marian devotion. The double name ʾAnānya/Fāsīledes suggests a possible conflation with the historical emperor Fasilides, offering insight into how political figures could be sacralized in Ethiopian tradition. The work also exemplifies the use of biblical and hagiographic topoi to elevate a saint, linking it to broader Christian hagiographic practices.","timeline":[{"date":"15th c. or later","event":"Earliest possible composition based on manuscript evidence of the Taʾammərā Maryam cycle."},{"date":"1632–1667","event":"Reign of Emperor Fasilides, whose name is associated with the saint ʾAnānya."},{"date":"20th c.","event":"Publication of the sole known edition by Betä Mäsəḥəfät (betmas)."}],"relations":[{"work":"Taʾammərā Maryam","relation":"Part of the same miracle cycle; the work is a component of this collection.","key":"dossier:ethiopic-anonymous-taammera-maryam","label":"gap dossier: Miracles of Mary (Taʾammǝra Māryām)","url":"https://naxiai.com/christian/gaps/ethiopic-anonymous-taammera-maryam"},{"work":"Miracles of Mary (Ethiopic)","relation":"Shares the genre and liturgical function of Marian miracle collections.","key":"betmas:LIT5061TaammeraA","label":"betmas: Miracles of ʾAnānya","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT5061TaammeraA"},{"work":"Miracles of Demetrius","relation":"Comparable as a collection of miracle stories attributed to a saint, though from a different tradition.","key":"dossier:greek-anonymous-miracula-demetrii","label":"gap dossier: Miracles of Saint Demetrius (Books 1 and 2)","url":"https://naxiai.com/christian/gaps/greek-anonymous-miracula-demetrii"},{"work":"De miraculis Thomae","relation":"Another hagiographic miracle collection, offering a parallel in genre.","key":"dossier:latin-de-miraculis-thomae","label":"gap dossier: The Miracles of the Blessed Apostle Thomas (Latin)","url":"https://naxiai.com/christian/gaps/latin-de-miraculis-thomae"}],"external_links":[{"key":"betmas:LIT5061TaammeraA","label":"Betä Mäsəḥəfät edition of Taʾammərā Maryam","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT5061TaammeraA","reason":"The sole edition of the work, providing the base text."},{"key":"dossier:ethiopic-anonymous-taammera-maryam","label":"Dossier on the Taʾammərā Maryam cycle","url":"https://naxiai.com/christian/gaps/ethiopic-anonymous-taammera-maryam","reason":"Contextualizes the work within the broader miracle collection."},{"key":"dossier:greek-anonymous-miracula-demetrii","label":"Dossier on the Miracles of Demetrius","url":"https://naxiai.com/christian/gaps/greek-anonymous-miracula-demetrii","reason":"Comparative hagiographic miracle collection from a different tradition."},{"key":"dossier:latin-de-miraculis-thomae","label":"Dossier on De miraculis Thomae","url":"https://naxiai.com/christian/gaps/latin-de-miraculis-thomae","reason":"Another example of a hagiographic miracle collection for comparison."},{"key":"wikipedia:Fasilides","label":"Wikipedia article on Emperor Fasilides","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fasilides","reason":"Provides historical context for the name Fāsīledes associated with the saint."}],"cautions":["The work is undated; composition is inferred to be post-15th century based on manuscript evidence of the Taʾammərā Maryam cycle, but no direct evidence exists.","The identity of ʾAnānya is uncertain; the double name may indicate conflation with Emperor Fasilides, but the text does not elaborate.","The sole edition lacks a critical apparatus, so textual fluidity and variant readings from other manuscripts are unknown.","The figure ʾAnānya is not attested in earlier hagiographical sources, making his historical basis unclear."],"model":"deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash:floor","provider":"Relace","cost_usd":0.000575,"generated":"2026-11-15T00:44:23Z"},"checks":{"work":"LIT5061TaammeraA","status":"pass","blocking":[],"warnings":[],"stats":{"passages":6,"translated":6,"commentary_passages":6,"commentary_units":35,"english_words":1044,"source_letters":2230,"commentary_kinds":7},"model":"deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash:floor"},"work_notes":[{"unit":"sense","kind":"sense","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The work is a hagiography recounting miracles attributed to ʾAnānya, a figure venerated in the Geʿez tradition.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT5061TaammeraA","label":"betmas: Miracles of ʾAnānya","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT5061TaammeraA"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"transmission","kind":"transmission","basis":"external","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The sole known edition is the Betä Mäsəḥəfät (betmas) imprint, which provides the base text for this annotation.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT5061TaammeraA","label":"betmas: Miracles of ʾAnānya","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT5061TaammeraA"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"external","lemma":"","severity":"info","text":"The work belongs to the Taʾammərā Maryam cycle, indicating its liturgical use in Marian feasts within the Ethiopian Orthodox tradition.","cites":[{"key":"dossier:ethiopic-anonymous-taammera-maryam","label":"gap dossier: Miracles of Mary (Taʾammǝra Māryām)","url":"https://naxiai.com/christian/gaps/ethiopic-anonymous-taammera-maryam"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"dating","kind":"chronology","basis":"background","lemma":"","severity":"caution","text":"No explicit date or author is given; the text is attributed anonymously, and its composition likely postdates the 15th century based on manuscript evidence.","cites":[{"key":"hollis:alma990009039600203941","label":"Les plus anciens recueils des miracles de Saint Démétrius et la pénétration des Slaves dans les Balkans","url":"https://hollis.harvard.edu/permalink/f/1s5nto6/990009039600203941"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"sense","kind":"sense","basis":"text","lemma":"","severity":"caution","text":"The edition lacks a critical apparatus; variant readings from other manuscripts are not recorded, so textual fluidity remains unaddressed.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT5061TaammeraA","label":"betmas: Miracles of ʾAnānya","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT5061TaammeraA"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"background","lemma":"","severity":"caution","text":"The figure ʾAnānya is not attested in earlier hagiographical sources; his identity may be conflated with other saints in the tradition.","cites":[{"key":"dossier:ethiopic-anonymous-homily-annunciation-incarnation","label":"gap dossier: Homily on the Annunciation and the Incarnation (eight-part homily cycle read within the Miracles of Mary)","url":"https://naxiai.com/christian/gaps/ethiopic-anonymous-homily-annunciation-incarnation"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"derived_work_notes":[{"kind":"coverage","severity":"info","text":"No English translation could be identified: a language model asked twice could not name one, though it could not rule one out either. That is not proof that none exists — translations in dissertations, recent books and other modern languages are easily missed."},{"kind":"limit","severity":"caution","text":"The English is a machine draft produced passage by passage from the transcribed Coptic; no human has verified it. The commentary is model-written and cites only keys the pipeline could resolve."},{"kind":"register","severity":"info","text":"Register: hagiography in Geʿez; the English keeps the liturgical formulae and the vocatives rather than normalising them."},{"kind":"structure","severity":"info","text":"Passages: 6 narrative."},{"kind":"source","severity":"info","text":"Source edition: betmas — CC BY-SA 4.0 (per file); site footer states NC-SA - treat as NC"}],"derived_structure":{"narrative":6},"term_index":[],"citations":{"betmas:LIT5061TaammeraA":{"label":"betmas: Miracles of ʾAnānya","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT5061TaammeraA"},"dossier:ethiopic-anonymous-taammera-maryam":{"label":"gap dossier: Miracles of Mary (Taʾammǝra Māryām)","url":"https://naxiai.com/christian/gaps/ethiopic-anonymous-taammera-maryam"},"hollis:alma990009039600203941":{"label":"Les plus anciens recueils des miracles de Saint Démétrius et la pénétration des Slaves dans les Balkans","url":"https://hollis.harvard.edu/permalink/f/1s5nto6/990009039600203941"},"dossier:ethiopic-anonymous-homily-annunciation-incarnation":{"label":"gap dossier: Homily on the Annunciation and the Incarnation (eight-part homily cycle read within the Miracles of Mary)","url":"https://naxiai.com/christian/gaps/ethiopic-anonymous-homily-annunciation-incarnation"}},"segments":[{"i":1,"ref":"p1","source":"The following text is taken from according to the catalogue description in\n236–238\nand the facsimile reproduction in 186-191 .\n\nIncipit\nበስመ፡ አብ፡ ወወልድ፡ ወመንፈስ፡ ቅዱስ፡ ፩፡ አምላክ። ንጽሕፍ፡ ዜና፡ ተአምሪሁ፡ ወዕበየ፡ ትሩፋቲሁ፡ ለዝንቱ፡ ጻድቅ፡ አቡነ፡ አናንያ፡ ዘውገ፡ ፋሲለደስ፡ ሰማዕት፡ ዘገብረ፡ እምድኅረ፡ ሞቱ፡\n\nSupplication\nጸሎቱ፡\nትኵኖ፡ ወበረከተ፡ አምላኩ፡ ወትንብናሃ፡ ለእግዝእትነ፡ ማርያም፡ ጸሎታ፡ ወበረከታ፡ የሃሉ።\n\nFirst miracle: Healing of the sick by touching pieces of ʾAbuna ʾAnānyā's shroud\n\nMiracle 1\nቀዳሚ፡ ተአምር፡ ዘገብረ፡ አቡነ፡ አናንያ፡ ዘኤላ፡ ገዳማተ፡ ወአድባራተ፡ ወምኔታተ፡ ወከመ፡ አቡሁ፡ ዘከፈለ፡ ባሕረ፡ ግርምተ፡ ወበከመ፡ ጊዮርጊስ፡ ዘኮነ፡ ሰማዕተ፡\nወከመ፡ ኤልያስ፡ ዘዓቀበ፡ ደመናተ፡ ወከመ፡ ጳውሎስ፡ ዘአንኃ፡ ስብከተ፡ ወከመ፡ ጴጥሮስ፡ ዘትወፈየ፡ መራኁተ፡ ወተሰቅለ፡ ቍልቍሊተ። ወበ፩፡ እመዋዕል፡ መጽኡ፡ ብዙኃን፡\nድውያን፡ ወሕሙማን፡ ወይብሉ፡ ዘይፈውሱ፡ ድውያነ፡ በዘፈረ፡ ልብሱ፡ ኢርኢነ፡ ወኢሰማዕነ፡ ዘእንበለ፡ እግዚእነ፡ ኢየሱስ፡ ክርስቶስ፡\nዘፈውሰ፡ በዘፈረ፡ ልብሱ፡ ወዘእንበለ፡ አርዳኢሁ፡ ወሐዋርያቲሁ፡ ውእቱኒ፡ ኢያሕፀፀ፡ እምኔሆሙ፡ በገቢረ፡ ተአምራት፡ ወመንክራት፡ ጸሎቱ።","english":"In the name of the Father, and the Son, and the Holy Spirit, one God. We write the account of the miracles and the greatness of the virtues of this righteous one, our father ʾAnānyā, whose name is Fāsīledes, the martyr, which he performed after his death.\n\nHis prayer: May the power and blessing of his God and the humility of our Lady Mary, her prayer and her blessing, be with us.\n\nThe first miracle which ʾAbuna ʾAnānyā performed, of the wilderness of the monasteries and the mountains and the caves, and like his father who traversed the sea of wonders, and like Giyorgis who became a martyr, and like ʾElyās who guarded the clouds, and like Pāwlos who subdued the preaching, and like Pēṭros who offered the myrrh and was crucified upside down. And on one day, many sick and ailing persons came, and they say, \"He who heals the sick by the fringe of his garment, we have seen and we have heard, except our Lord ʾIyāsus Krestos, who healed by the fringe of his garment, and except his apostles and his disciples, he also surpassed them in the performance of miracles and wonders by his prayer.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"ቀዳሚ፡ ተአምር","severity":"info","text":"The passage opens with a trinitarian invocation and a supplication to Mary, then introduces the first miracle with a long comparative catalogue of biblical and hagiographic figures.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT5061TaammeraA","label":"betmas: Miracles of ʾAnānya","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT5061TaammeraA"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"አናንያ","severity":"info","text":"The saint is identified as ʾAnānyā, also named Fāsīledes, a martyr. The double name may reflect a conflation or a secondary identification with the Ethiopian emperor Fasilides (r. 1632–1667), but the text does not elaborate.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ኢየሱስ፡ ክርስቶስ፡ ዘፈውሰ፡ በዘፈረ፡ ልብሱ","severity":"info","text":"The claim that Christ healed by the fringe of his garment is not a direct Gospel citation but may echo the healing power attributed to Jesus’ garments in apocryphal tradition (e.g., the Mandylion) or in hagiographic topoi.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ፋሲለደስ፡ ሰማዕት","severity":"info","text":"The name Fāsīledes (Fasilides) is that of a 17th-century Ethiopian emperor known for his patronage of the church and for building the castle at Gondar. His identification as a martyr here is unusual and may reflect a local hagiographic tradition.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"parallel","kind":"parallel","basis":"text","lemma":"ከመ፡ ጊዮርጊስ፡ ዘኮነ፡ ሰማዕተ፡","severity":"info","text":"The saint is compared to Giyorgis (George), ʾElyās (Elijah), Pāwlos (Paul), and Pēṭros (Peter), a standard hagiographic topos that elevates the subject by aligning him with major biblical and martyrological figures.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ዘኤላ፡ ገዳማተ፡ ወአድባራተ፡ ወምኔታተ፡","severity":"caution","text":"The phrase 'of the wilderness of the monasteries and the mountains and the caves' is syntactically ambiguous: it may describe the saint’s domain or the location of the miracles. The Geʿez lacks a clear governing verb.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The relationship between the names ʾAnānyā and Fāsīledes is not explained; the latter may be a secondary identification with Emperor Fasilides.","The phrase 'of the wilderness of the monasteries and the mountains and the caves' is ambiguous in its syntactic attachment."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":2,"ref":"p2","source":"ʿĀrke-hymn 1\nሰላም፡ ለልብከ፡ ፈዋሴ፡ ሕማም፡ ወደዌ፡ ወእምነ፡ ኵሉ፡ ምንሳዌ፡ ወእምነ፡ እሳት፡ ነነዌ፡ በስብሐተ፡ ነቢይ፡ ዮናስ፡ አልቦቱ፡ ሕሳዌ።\n\nSecond miracle: Ending of a famine with the help of relics of ʾAbuna ʾAnānyā and ʾAbuna Ṗawlos\nDuring a famine in , while drought reigned and there was an invasion of\nlocusts, monks stole the skull of and the sole of the foot of\nfrom the monastery of . These relics put an end to the famine and thirst, and made the locusts disappear.\n\nMiracle 2\nተአምሪሁ፡ ለብፁዕ፡ ወለቅዱስ፡ ትሩፈ፡ ምግባር፡ አቡነ፡ ጻድቅ፡ ወሰማዕት፡ አቡነ፡ አናንያ። እምብዕለ፡ ዓለም፡ ለመንግሥተ፡ ሰማያት፡ ዘኃረያ፡ ጸሎቱ። ወበ፩፡\nእመዋዕል፡ መጽኡ፡ መነኮሳት፡ ተማኪሮሙ፡ ምስለ፡ ሰብአ፡ ሰራዌ፡ ወኮነ፡ በሀገሮሙ፡ አባረ፡ እክል፡ ወጽምዓ፡ ማይ፡ በእንተ፡ ኃጢአ፡ ዝናም፡ ወበልዓ፡\nአን ቦ በ ጣ፡ ፍሬ፡ ምድሮሙ፡\nወኮኑ፡ ይፈውሱ፡ ኵሎ፡ ድውያነ፡ እስከ፡ ዛቲ፡ ዕለት፡ እስመ፡ ንጹሕ፡ ወክቡር፡ እዕፅምቲሆሙ፡ ለጻድቃን፡ አበው፡ ጸሎቶ።","english":"Salutation to your heart, healer of sickness and disease, and from every affliction, and from the fire of Nineveh, by the praise of the prophet Jonah, who has no equal.\n\nSecond miracle: The ending of a famine through the relics of ʾAbuna ʾAnānyā and ʾAbuna Ṗawlos. During a famine in their land, while drought reigned and locusts devoured the fruit of their land, monks came, having taken counsel with the men of the countryside. And because of the sin of withholding rain and the devouring of the locusts, they were healing all the sick until this day, for the pure and honorable bones of the righteous fathers are their prayer.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"ʿĀrke-hymn 1 / ሰላም፡ ለልብከ፡ ...","severity":"info","text":"The passage opens with a salutation (ʿārke-hymn) to the saint’s heart, a poetic form typical of Ethiopic hymnody, before the second miracle narrative proper begins.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT5061TaammeraA","label":"betmas: Miracles of ʾAnānya","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT5061TaammeraA"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ʿĀrke-hymn","severity":"info","text":"ʿĀrke-hymn (ሰላም) is a Geʿez term for a salutation or hymn of praise, often addressed to a saint or a part of their body, here the heart of ʾAnānyā.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"እሳት፡ ነነዌ፡ / fire of Nineveh","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'fire of Nineveh' alludes to the biblical book of Jonah (Jonah 3:3–4), where Nineveh is threatened with destruction by fire, and Jonah’s preaching leads to repentance.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"በልዓ፡ አን ቦ በ ጣ፡ ፍሬ፡ / locusts devouring fruit","severity":"info","text":"Locust plagues are a recurring natural disaster in the Horn of Africa, often interpreted as divine punishment for sin; here the famine and locusts are linked to 'the sin of withholding rain'.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"ንጹሕ፡ ወክቡር፡ እዕፅምቲሆሙ፡ / pure and honorable bones","severity":"info","text":"The relics (bones) of the righteous fathers are venerated as sources of healing, reflecting the broader Ethiopic Christian practice of relic cults, especially for saints like ʾAnānyā and Ṗawlos.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT5061TaammeraA","label":"betmas: Miracles of ʾAnānya","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT5061TaammeraA"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"በእንተ፡ ኃጢአ፡ ዝናም፡ / because of the sin of withholding rain","severity":"caution","text":"The Geʿez phrase 'sin of withholding rain' is ambiguous: it may refer to a human sin causing drought, or to a sin of the rain itself (personified). The English draft interprets it as human sin, but the text is unclear.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The Geʿez phrase 'ኃጢአ፡ ዝናም' could mean 'sin of rain' (personified) or 'sin causing rain to be withheld'; the English draft takes the latter. The identity of the monks and the location of the monastery are not specified in the passage."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]},{"i":3,"ref":"p3","source":"ʿĀrke-hymn 2\nሰላም፡ አዕፅምቲክሙ፡ ዘትይፌውሱ፡ ድውያነ፡ ወንጽሕናክሙ፡ ያንጽሕ፡ ሥጋነ።\n\nThird miracle: How holy water from ʾAnānyā’s shroud prevents grasshoppers from coming near\nThe water in which a piece of the shroud of had been soaked prevented\ngrasshoppers from touching the grain that has been sprinkled with it.\n\nMiracle 3\nተአምሪሁ፡ ለአቡነ፡ አናንያ፡ ወነበሩ፡ ፪ አኃው፡ ፩ ወሬዛ፡ ወ፩ መነኮስ። ወንብረቶሙ፡\nለ፪ሆሙ። አኃቲ፡ ገራኅት፡ ወተከፍለት፡ በዕፃ፡ ወበአኃቲ፡ ዕለት፡ መጽአ፡ አንበጣ። ወውእቱኒ፡ ወሬዛ፡ ሐፀበ፡ በማይ፡ እምልብሰ፡ መግንዙ፡\nለአቡነ፡ አናንያ፡ ወነዝኃ፡ ማየ፡ ጸሎት፡ ለይእቲ፡ ገራህት፡ ዘተከፍለት፡ በዕፃ፡ እንዘ፡ ክድንት፡ ይእቲ፡ ኵለንታሃ፡ በአን ቦ ጣ፡ ወኢጥዕመ፡ አንቦጣ፡\nእምፍሬ፡ እክል። ወእለ፡ ርእዩ፡ ሰብእ፡ አንከሩ፡ ወተ ጻ ሙ፡\nእምዕበየ፡ ተአምራቲሁ፡ ለንጹሕ፡ ወቅዱስ፡ ኅሩይ፡ መስተጋድ፡ ጸ ሎቱ፡","english":"Salutation to your bones, which heal the sick, and your purity, which purifies our flesh.\n\nThird miracle: How holy water from ʾAnānyā’s shroud prevents grasshoppers from coming near\nThe water in which a piece of the shroud of ʾAnānyā had been soaked prevented grasshoppers from touching the grain that had been sprinkled with it.\n\nMiracle 3\nA miracle of our father ʾAnānyā: There were two brothers, one a layman and one a monk, and their dwelling was together. A sister, a widow, had been separated from them by a tree, and on a certain day a grasshopper came. And the layman dipped in water from the garment of the cloak of our father ʾAnānyā and sprinkled the water of blessing upon that widow who had been separated by the tree, while she was hiding all her possessions in that tree. And the grasshopper did not taste the fruit of the grain. And the people who saw this marveled and were amazed at the greatness of the miracles of the pure and holy chosen one, the ascetic, the prayerful.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"ተአምሪሁ ለአቡነ አናንያ","severity":"info","text":"The passage opens with a heading, 'Miracle 3', followed by a narrative that begins 'A miracle of our father ʾAnānyā'. This marks a new miracle story, distinct from the preceding salutation and the second miracle.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT5061TaammeraA","label":"betmas: Miracles of ʾAnānya","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT5061TaammeraA"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ወሬዛ","severity":"info","text":"The Geʿez term 'ወሬዛ' (warēzā) is a loanword from Greek meaning 'layman' or 'secular person', contrasting with 'መነኮስ' (monk). This distinction is central to the narrative's social setting.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"መግንዙ","severity":"info","text":"The word 'መግንዙ' (mägnəzu) refers to a 'cloak' or 'mantle', a garment associated with ascetics. The layman dips water from this garment, indicating the relic's power is transmitted through contact.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ማየ ጸሎት","severity":"info","text":"The phrase 'ማየ ጸሎት' (water of blessing) echoes biblical language of holy water used for purification and blessing, as in Numbers 5:17 and the New Testament use of 'holy water' in early Christian practice.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"አንበጣ","severity":"info","text":"The grasshopper (አንበጣ) is a recurring pestilence in Ethiopian hagiography, often symbolizing divine punishment or natural calamity. The miracle of repelling locusts through relics is a common topos in the Taʾammərā tradition.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT5061TaammeraA","label":"betmas: Miracles of ʾAnānya","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT5061TaammeraA"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"አንከሩ ወተጻሙ","severity":"info","text":"The people's reaction—marveling and being amazed—is a standard hagiographic formula that reinforces the saint's sanctity and the miracle's authenticity, inviting the reader's veneration.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The relationship between the two brothers and the widow is unclear: the text says 'a sister, a widow, had been separated from them by a tree', but it is ambiguous whether she is their biological sister or a spiritual sister in the monastic community.","The phrase 'while she was hiding all her possessions in that tree' may imply the widow was concealing her wealth from the grasshopper or from the brothers; the Geʿez is ambiguous."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":4,"ref":"p4","source":"ʿĀrke-hymn 3\nአዘሰርከ፡ አፈ፡ አንቦጣ፡ በላዒ፡ አናንያ፡ ካህን፡ ቢጸ፡ ሱራፌል፡ ሠዋዒ፡ በጸሎትከ፡ አባ፡ አድኅነኒ፡ እምዕደ፡ ጽኑዕ፡ መዋዒ፡\nወኢይገድፈኒ፡ ብዕሲ፡ ገፋዒ። ።\n\nFourth miracle: Healing of a man from elephantiasis\n\nMiracle 4\nተአምሪሁ፡ ለአቡነ፡ አናንያ፡ ወበ፩ እመዋዕል፡ መጽአ፡ ፩ ብእሲ፡ እምሀገረ፡ ተንቤን፡ ዘደወየ፡ በሕማመ፡ ዝልጋሴ፡ ወሶበ፡ ሰምዓ፡\nዜና፡ ገድሉ፡ ወኂሩቱ፡ ወተአምሪሁ፡ ከመ፡ ይፌውስ፡ ድውያነ፡ ወያርትዕ፡ ኃንካሳነ፡ ወይሁብ፡ ለዕውራን፡ ብርሃነ። ወተግበር፡ ተዝካሮሙ፡\nለጻድቃን፡ እስከ፡ ዕለተ፡ ሞታ፡ ጸሎ ቱ፡\n\nʿĀrke-hymn 4\nኦዘፈወስከ፡ ለብእሲ፡ እምዝልጋሴ፡\nወደምስሶ፡ ድምሳሴ፡ ከመ፡ ለደታን፡ ወአቤሮን፡ ደምሰሶሙ፡ ሙሴ። ።\n\nFifth miracle: Healing of a blind woman\nThe two monks carrying the relics of and\nentered the house of a blind woman who was healed on the spot.","english":"ʿĀrke-hymn 3\nYou bound the mouth of the locust, O ʾAnānyā, priest, son of Surāfēl, intercessor; by your prayer, O father, save me from the strong hand of the destroyer, and let not the striker smite me.\n\nFourth miracle: Healing of a man from elephantiasis\n\nMiracle 4\nA miracle of our father ʾAnānyā. And on one of the days, a man came from the city of Tənbēn, who was afflicted with the disease of elephantiasis. And when he heard the report of his (ʾAnānyā’s) life, his grace, and his miracles—how he heals the sick, cures the infirm, and gives sight to the blind—and the commemoration of the righteous is performed until the day of their death, he prayed.\n\nʿĀrke-hymn 4\nO you who healed the man from elephantiasis and obliterated the disease, as Moses obliterated the serpents of Dātān and ʾAbīrōn.\n\nFifth miracle: Healing of a blind woman\nThe two monks carrying the relics of and entered the house of a blind woman who was healed on the spot.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"ʿĀrke-hymn 3","severity":"info","text":"The passage opens with a hymn (ʿārke-hymn) before the fourth miracle narrative, a structural pattern repeated in this work.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT5061TaammeraA","label":"betmas: Miracles of ʾAnānya","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT5061TaammeraA"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"text","lemma":"ዝልጋሴ (zəlgaśe)","severity":"info","text":"The Geʿez term zəlgaśe is translated as 'elephantiasis' but may refer to a severe skin disease, possibly leprosy or a similar chronic condition.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT5061TaammeraA","label":"betmas: Miracles of ʾAnānya","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT5061TaammeraA"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"ተንቤን (Tənbēn)","severity":"info","text":"Tənbēn is a historical region in northern Ethiopia (Tigray), indicating the geographical setting of this miracle.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"ሙሴ (Moses)","severity":"info","text":"The hymn compares ʾAnānyā’s healing to Moses obliterating the serpents of Dātān and ʾAbīrōn, alluding to Numbers 16 (the rebellion of Dathan and Abiram) and possibly Exodus 4:3 (Moses’ staff turning into a serpent).","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"Fifth miracle: Healing of a blind woman","severity":"info","text":"The fifth miracle is introduced but not narrated in this passage; the text breaks off after stating the title, suggesting a lacuna or a transition to the next section.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT5061TaammeraA","label":"betmas: Miracles of ʾAnānya","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT5061TaammeraA"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The Geʿez text of the fifth miracle is incomplete; the English draft shows a broken sentence ('The two monks carrying the relics of and entered the house'), indicating a possible lacuna in the manuscript.","The identity of the 'two monks' in the fifth miracle is not specified in the passage."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":5,"ref":"p5","source":"Miracle 5\nተአምሪሁ፡ ለአቡነ፡ አናንያ፡ ጻድቅ፡ ከመ፡ ኤልያስ፡ ፃማዊ፡ በከመ፡ ጊዮርጊስ፡ መዓዊ፡ ጸሎ ወበ፩ እመዋዕል፡ እንዘ፡ የሃውሩ፡\n፪ መነኮሳት፡ ጸዊሮሙ፡ ርእሶ፡ ለአቡነ፡ አናንያ፡ ወአገዳ፡ እግሩ፡ ለአቡነ፡ ጳውሎስ፡ በጊዜ፡ ምሴት፡ ውስተ፡ ቤተ፡ አሐቲ፡ ዕውርቲ፡ ወሶበ፡ ቦኡ፡ ውስተ፡ ቤታ፡\nተከሥተ፡ አዕይንቲሃ፡ ወኮነት፡ ሕያውታ፡ ወይቤልዋ፡ አኮ፡ አማልክት፡ ንኅነ፡ አላ፡ አምላከ፡ ጻድቃን፡ ፈወሰኪ፡ ዳእሙ፡\nገበረ፡ ተዝካሮሙ፡ ለጻድቃን፡ አበው፡ አቡነ፡ ጳውሎስ፡ ወአቡነ፡ አናንያ፡ ዘአህየወኪ፡ ዓይነኪ፡\nጸሎ ቶሙ፡\n\nʿĀrke-hymn 5\nThe following ʿārke-hymn is not attested in , but taken from\n. ኦመተንብላን፡ አናንያ፡ ወጳውሎስ። መ ምሕራነ፡ ወንጌል፡ ሐዲስ። ወለለዕለቱ፡ ሐውፅዋ፡ ለዛቲ፡ መቅደስ።\n\nSixth miracle: Healing of a pregnant woman\nA woman who was about to give birth fell seriously ill. She recovered after coming into contact with a piece of the shroud\nof .","english":"Miracle 5\n\nThe miracle of our father ʾAnānyā, the righteous, like Elijah the faster, like George the martyr. He prayed, and on one day, while two monks were traveling, they covered the head of our father ʾAnānyā and bound the foot of our father Paulos. At evening time, in the house of a certain blind woman, when they entered her house, her eyes were opened and she became seeing. And she said to them, \"Are you not gods? No, the God of the righteous healed you.\" She made a commemoration of the righteous fathers, our father Paulos and our father ʾAnānyā, who healed your eyes. He prayed for them.\n\nʿĀrke-hymn 5\n\nO lamp, ʾAnānyā and Paulos, of mercy and the New Gospel, and for its feast, the consecration of this sanctuary.\n\nSixth miracle: Healing of a pregnant woman\n\nA woman who was about to give birth fell seriously ill. She recovered after coming into contact with a piece of the shroud of .","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"Miracle 5","severity":"info","text":"This passage is the fifth miracle in the collection, following a pattern of a narrative miracle and a concluding ʿārke-hymn.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT5061TaammeraA","label":"betmas: Miracles of ʾAnānya","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT5061TaammeraA"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ʿārke-hymn","severity":"info","text":"ʿĀrke-hymn is a liturgical hymn genre in Geʿez tradition, often appended to miracle narratives to praise the saint.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"background","kind":"background","basis":"text","lemma":"Elijah the faster, George the martyr","severity":"info","text":"The comparison to Elijah and George aligns ʾAnānyā with ascetic and martyr ideals, common in Ethiopic hagiography.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"scripture","kind":"scripture","basis":"text","lemma":"God of the righteous healed you","severity":"info","text":"The phrase echoes biblical themes of divine healing through righteous intercessors, though no direct quotation is identified.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"Sixth miracle: Healing of a pregnant woman","severity":"info","text":"The sixth miracle is incomplete in the draft, with a lacuna after 'shroud of', suggesting manuscript damage or editorial omission.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT5061TaammeraA","label":"betmas: Miracles of ʾAnānya","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT5061TaammeraA"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ʿĀrke-hymn 5","severity":"caution","text":"The edition notes that the ʿārke-hymn is not attested in the source but taken from elsewhere, indicating a textual reconstruction or interpolation.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT5061TaammeraA","label":"betmas: Miracles of ʾAnānya","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT5061TaammeraA"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The identity of the blind woman and the precise relationship between the two monks and the saints is unclear.","The lacuna in the sixth miracle leaves the saint's name and the shroud's origin unspecified."],"confidence":"high","notes":[]},{"i":6,"ref":"p6","source":"Sixth Miracle\nተአምሪሁ፡ ለአቡነ፡ አናንያ፡ ጻድቅ፡ ወምእመን፡ ጸሎቱ። ወሐመት፡ አሐቲ፡ ብእሲት፡ ጽንስት፡ ወአሐዛ፡ ሕማመ፡ ወሊድ፡ ወአልጸቀት፡ ለሞት፡ ወሐመት፡ ብዙኃ፡\nመዋዕለ፡ ወአምጽኡ፡ ብዙኃ፡ ፈውሰ፡ ወኢተፈወሰት፡ ምንተኒ፡ እምሕማማ፡ ወነ በሩ፡ አቡሃ፡ ወእማ፡\nወ አ ዝማዲሃ፡ ወብዙኃ፡ ግዓረት፡ ወኃዘኑ፡ ኵሎሙ፡ ወሶቤሃ፡ ተፈወት፡ በቅጽበት፡ ወወለደት፡\nወልደ፡ ወገብሩ፡ ይባቤ፡ እለ፡ ነበሩ፡ ጉቡአን፡ ሰብእ፡ ጸሎቱ።\n\nʿĀrke-hymn 6\nThe following ʿārke-hymn is not attested in , but taken from\n. ኦዘፈወሰከ፡ እምሕማመ፡ ወሊድ፡ ጽኑዕ። አምጣነ፡ አንተ፡ ብፁዕ። ምስለ፡ ካህናት፡ ፳ ወርብዕ።\n\nDesinit\nኦዘፈወሰከ፡ አመ፡ ሕማመ፡ ወሲድ፡ ፅኡዕ፡ አምጣን፡ አንተ፡ ብፁዕ፡ አናንያ፡ ሰማዕት፡ ወየዋህ፡ በገዕ፡ አእርግ፡ ጸሎተነ፡ ውስተ፡ ኦኃ፡ ሰማይ፡ ሰብእ፡ ምስለ፡ ካህናት፡ ፳ወርብዕ። ኦመተንብለን፡ አናንያ፡ ወጳውሎስ፡ መምህርራነ፡ ወንጌል፡ ሐዳስ፡\nዘፈወሰክሙ፡ ዓይና፡ ለብእሲተ፡ ተጽናስ፡ ወዒስ፡ አድኅኑነ፡ አበው፡ እምተጽናስ፡ ወባዕሰ፡ ወለለጎዑ፡ ዑድዋ፡ ለዛቲ፡ መቅደስ። ተፈጸመ፡ ገድል፡ ወተአምር፡ ዘአቡነ፡ አናንያ፡ ጸሎቱ፡ ወበረከቱ፡ የሃሉ፡ ለኵሎሙ፡ ደቂቀ፡ ማኅበር፡ ለዓለመ፡ ዓ","english":"Sixth Miracle\n\nThe miracle of our father ʾAnānyā, the righteous and faithful, his prayer. And a certain pregnant woman was seized by the pain of childbirth, and she was brought near to death, and she suffered for many days. And they brought many remedies, but she was healed of none of her pains. And her father and mother and her relatives and many neighbors despaired, and all of them grieved. And then she was healed in an instant, and she gave birth to a son. And they made a feast, those who were assembled, the people, his prayer.\n\nʿĀrke-hymn 6\n\nO you who healed from the severe pain of childbirth, bring us, O blessed one, with the priests, twenty and four.\n\nEnds\n\nO you who healed from the severe pain of childbirth, bring us, O blessed one, ʾAnānyā, martyr and gentle, in the cavern, raise up our prayer into the heavens, the people, with the priests, twenty and four. O you who cause us to dwell, ʾAnānyā and Paul, our teachers of the New Gospel, who healed the eye of the woman of pregnancy and old age, save us, fathers, from pregnancy and evil, and return her to this sanctuary. Completed is the life and miracles of our father ʾAnānyā, his prayer and his blessing be with all the children of the congregation forever. Amen.","structure":"narrative","commentary":[{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"ተአምሪሁ፡ ለአቡነ፡ አናንያ፡ ጻድቅ፡ ወምእመን፡ ጸሎቱ።","severity":"info","text":"The passage opens with the formulaic title 'Sixth Miracle' and a heading that repeats the saint's epithets, marking the final narrative miracle before the appended ʿārke-hymn and doxology.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT5061TaammeraA","label":"betmas: Miracles of ʾAnānya","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT5061TaammeraA"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ጽንስት","severity":"info","text":"The Geʿez term ጽንስት (ṣənst) means 'pregnant woman,' a key term for the miracle's subject; the English draft renders it as 'pregnant woman' consistently.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"term","kind":"term","basis":"glossary","lemma":"ወሊድ","severity":"info","text":"The Geʿez word ወሊድ (wäld) means 'childbirth' or 'labor'; the phrase ሕማመ፡ ወሊድ (ḥəmamä wäld) is 'pain of childbirth,' central to the narrative.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"structure","kind":"structure","basis":"text","lemma":"ዓርከ-ሂምን 6","severity":"info","text":"The ʿārke-hymn (a liturgical hymn form) is appended after the miracle narrative, a common feature in Ethiopic hagiographic collections, often used for liturgical recitation.","cites":[{"key":"betmas:LIT5061TaammeraA","label":"betmas: Miracles of ʾAnānya","url":"https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT5061TaammeraA"}],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"reception","kind":"reception","basis":"text","lemma":"ኦዘፈወሰከ፡ እምሕማመ፡ ወሊድ፡ ጽኑዕ።","severity":"info","text":"The ʿārke-hymn invokes the saint as healer of childbirth pain, reflecting the text's liturgical use in contexts of childbirth and women's health, a common theme in Ethiopic miracle collections.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]},{"unit":"caution","kind":"caution","basis":"text","lemma":"ዘፈወሰክሙ፡ ዓይና፡ ለብእሲተ፡ ተጽናስ፡ ወዒስ፡","severity":"caution","text":"The final doxology mentions healing of the eye of a woman of 'pregnancy and old age,' which may conflate two separate miracles (childbirth and blindness) from earlier passages; the text's coherence is uncertain.","cites":[],"named_sources":[],"dropped_cites":[]}],"ambiguities":["The relationship between the childbirth miracle and the earlier eye-healing miracle (Miracle 5) is unclear; the doxology may blend them.","The ʿārke-hymn's source is noted as not attested in the edition, suggesting possible textual corruption or interpolation."],"confidence":"medium","notes":[]}]}